Table 42: Adoption of Good Agronomic Practiced Technology on Sorghum ATASP-1

Table42: Adoption of Good Agronomic Practiced Technology on Sorghum ATASP -1

Technology

Not a Problem

Constraint Not Severe Mildly Severe Severe Very Severe

Sorghum

Market Distance 13 3 4 5 5 43.3% 10.0% 13.3% 16.7% 16.7%

Low Price for Sorghum 13 3 3 8 3 43.3% 10.0% 10.0% 26.7% 10.0% 9 5 3 8 4

High Transport Cost 31.0% 17.2% 10.3% 27.6% 13.8% 14 4 5 5 2

Low Market/Demand for Product 46.7% 13.3% 16.7% 16.7% 6.7%

Extension Service Unavailable

Lack of Effectiveness

Long Distance to Extension Worker 26 5 83.9% 16.1% 24 7 77.4% 22.6%

17 11 3 54.8% 35.5% 9.7%

Pest and Diseases Problem 9 2 6 10 3 30.0% 6.7% 20.0% 33.3% 10.0%

Poor Road Network

Inadequate Capital 6 5 5 4 10 20.0% 16.7% 16.7% 13.3% 33.3% 3 4 10 13 10.0% 13.3% 33.3% 43.3% 14 7 5 4

Inadequate Land 46.7% 23.3% 16.7% 13.3% 11 5 1 8 2

Inadequate Large Export Market 40.7% 18.5% 3.7% 29.6% 7.4%

Source: June., 2020 Field Data

4.14.3 Constraints militating Against the Adoption of Good Agronomic Practices for Rice Production The report from the previous years' showed 16 key constraints, however these 16 constraints have been reduced to 12 main constraints specific to the Rice crop enterprises within the SCPZ in the period under review. Poor understanding of GAP, and lack of coordination, insufficient dialogue and insufficient outreach have been effectively corrected by the ATASP-1 Program from past and existing works. The table 43 below shows the responses on these 12 constraints on Rice farmers under ATASP-1 Program. The table indicates that the 12 main constraints identified that hinders adoption of technologies disseminated to Rice Crop enterprises and the farmers under the Program. These constraints are, market distance, low price for Rice, high transport cost, low market /demand for products, unavailability of extension services, lack of effectiveness, long distance to extension workers, pest and disease control, poor road network, inadequate capital, inadequate land and inadequate large export market.

The Rice farmers identified that Inadequate Capital had very severe impact on the adoption of Good Agronomic Practices on Rice Crop Enterprises, with 40.4% responses from the participants. This further affirmed the impact of policy and socio-cultural practice on the Rice crop enterprise. 37.5% of the participants confirmed that poor road network had very severe effects, inadequate large export market had 21.1% very severe effect and another 20.5% confirmed that low price of Rice had very severe effect on technology adoption. Other constraints recorded such as inadequate land 19.1% very severe impact, pest and diseases problem had 17% very severe effect, respectively on the adoption of technologies by Rice crop enterprises farmers. Extension services unavailability with a 2.1% had the lowest response on the very severe effects, this was followed by low market demand for the products at 2.3%. Market distance and lack of effectiveness recorded a 6.2% very severe effect of technology adoption by Rice crop enterprises farmers. Long distance to extension services recorded a 6.5% response on the very severe effect and high cost of transportation accounted for 8.9% of the very severe constraints on the adoption of technology by Rice crop enterprises farmers respectively. Further, the survey results from the respondents on the 5 points scale indicated that majority of Rice crop enterprises farmers at 21.1% had no problems with the listed constraints in adoption of Rice technology, 15.8% confirmed that these constraints were not severe in the adoption of technology, 21.1% confirmed a mildly severe effect on the adoption of technology, 21.1% confirmed severe effect while 21.1% showed very severe effect.

A very high 56.2% of the Rice crop enterprises farmers showed that market had no problems on adoption of Rice technology. 79.2% of the respondents confirmed that extension services unavailability was not a problem, 64.6% and 63% respondents confirmed that lack of effectiveness and long distance to market were not problems to the adoption of Rice technology. This indicates that lack of capital, poor road network, inadequate large export markets and low prices for Rice are the leading constraints to the adoption of technology.