Qatar en for print by Abdelrahman-Design

Report

of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Qatar Charity ‫قطر الخيرية‬ February 2016

2015 ‫ديسمبر‬

Report

Of The Multi-Sector Survey To Assess Damages

Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Qatar Charity ‫قطر الخيرية‬ February 2016

Chapter One || Survay Introduction

Table of Contents

List of Tables

List of Maps and Figures

Chapter One: Study Introduction

The financial costs of the required interventions in the survey sectors

Introduction

Yemeni crisis through international organizations reports

Objectives of the survey

The importance of the survey

The survey methodology

The technical team of the survey formation

Fieldwork Formation

Implementation of the Survey Plan

The Survey population

The temporal and spatial boundaries of the survey

The Moral Aspect of the Survey

Data Updating Mechanism

Classification of targeted people who have given data and the

The Difficulties and Obstacles of the Study and the Ways of Overcoming them

Chapter Two: Water and Sanitation Sector

The Costs of Required Interventions in the Water and Sanitation Sector

Introduction

The Damages Caused to the Water and Sanitation Sector

The Appropriate Needs and Interventions

Photos of Some Damages in the Water Sector

Chapter Three: Education Sector

The Costs of Required Interventions in the Education Sector

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter One || Survay Introduction

Introduction

Damages Caused to the Education Sector

Photos of the Damages Caused to the Education Sector

The Appropriate Needs and Interventions

The Damages Caused to the Community Colleges and the Vocational

Photos of Some Damages in the Education Sector

Chapter Four: Health Sector

The Costs of Required Interventions in the Health Sector

Introduction

Damages Caused to the Health Sector

The Appropriate Needs and Interventions

Photos of the Damages in the Health Sector

Chapter Five: Food Security and Malnutrition Sector

The Costs of Required Interventions in the Food Security and Malnutrition Sector

Introduction

Damages Caused to the Food Security Sector

The Appropriate Needs and Interventions

The Field of Malnutrition

Interventions Required in the Field of Malnutrition

Photos of Food Security and Malnutrition Sector

Chapter Six: Shelter, Non-Food Items (NFI) and Displaced People Sector

The required interventions costs in shelter and displaced people sector

Introduction

Damage in Displaced People and the shelter Sector

The Appropriate Needs and Interventions

Photos of some damages in the Shelter and Displaced People Sector

Chapter Seven: Livelihood Support Sector

The Required Interventions Costs in Livelihood Support Sector

The Required Interventions Costs in the Fisheries Sector

The Required Interventions Costs in the Agriculture Sector

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter One || Survay Introduction

The Required Interventions Costs in the Grazing Sector

The Required Interventions Costs in the Workers and Employees Sector

Introduction

Damage in the livelihoods sector

Fishing field

Photos of the damages caused to the fisheries sector

Agricultural field

Photos showing the damage caused to the agricultural sector

Grazing sector

100

Photos of damages caused to the gazing sector

102

Workers and employees sector

103

Photos of the damages caused to the shops

107

Chapter Eight: The Most Important Findings and Recommendations of the Survey

108

Appendices

118

Field Work Form

119

Supervisorâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Form

129

Focus Groups Interviews Guide

131

Photos of the Input Program

135

Selected Photos

136

Field Supervisors Data

158

Tables attached

159

Tables attached: The water sector

160

Table attached: The private education sector

161

Table attached: The private health sector

162

Table attached: Interventions in livelihood support sector

163

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter One || Survay Introduction

List of Tables

Table (1) The targeted field survey provinces

Table (2): The distribution of researchers working in the field survey of governorates

Table (3): Implementation of the field survey plan

Table (4): Training program for supervisors provinces

Table (5): The names of the affected districts in the targeted provinces

Table (6): The Costs of Water Sector Interventions in the Affected Provinces

Table (7): Damages in the Education Sector and their Costs

Table (8): The total number of the students deprived of education due to the recent events and the financial costs by province

Table (9): The Affected Community Colleges and the Vocational and Technical Institutes

Table (10): Units and health centres that have been totally or partially destroyed and their costs

Table (11): Rural and public hospitals that have been totally or partially destroyed and their costs Table (12): The costs of the intervention needed to repair the non-constructional damages caused to health facilities. Table (13): The number of families that have been affected, due to the damage caused to the health institution.

Table (14): The health interventions contained in the supervisor form

Table (15): Social and humanitarian interventions related to the health sector

Table (16): Data about the food security of the affected families

Table (17): The number of affected families in the field of food security and the costs of the required intervention

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter One || Survay Introduction

Table (18): The targeted provinces that will be provided with malnutrition treatment and the

Table (19): The relative distribution of the accommodation of displaced people

Table (20): The number of displaced people who deserve water filters and personal toiletry bag

Table (21): The number and the cost of the damaged in terms of the scale of damage and the

Table (22): The relative distribution of the main sources of income in the affected communities

Table (23): The number of areas that experienced by damage in fishing sector and the interventions required Table (24): Interventions in fishing sector (the cost of the boats) Table (25): The number of areas that affected in the agricultural sector and the interventions required

92 93 96

Table (26): Interventions in the agricultural sector

Table (27): The number of affected areas in grazing sector and the interventions required

100

Table (28): Interventions in the grazing sector

101

Table (29): The number of the affected areas in the workers and employees categories and the interventions required

104

Table (30): Interventions in workers and employees sector

105

Table (31): The number and the cost of the affected shops

106

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter One || Survay Introduction

List of Maps and Figures

Map (1): The target provinces in the field survey

Figure (1): The distribution of districts in the targeted and affected provinces

Figure (2): The percentage of citizensâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; access to the basic health services

Figure (3): The Nutrition Situation of Yemeni Children

Figure (4): The problems related to accommodation in the affected provinces

Figure (5): Distribution of the main sources of income in the affected communities

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter One Survey Introduction

Chapter One || Survay Introduction

The Financial Costs of theRequired Interventions in the Survey Sectors

$46,500,060 Water and sanitation sector

$179,387,490 Education sector

$46,500,060 Health sector

$1,010,287,160 The food security and malnutrition sector

$790,701,094 Shelter and displaced people sector

$112,392,360 6

Livelihood sector

Total

$2,450,105,904 The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter One || Survay Introduction

1. Introduction Due to the circumstances and the events that took place in Yemen during 2014 and 2015, and affected the lives of citizens in all fields of life, directly and indirectly, it was necessary to give a clear image about the damage caused to the sectors of the survey, and the interventions required by the authorities and organizations that desire to relief Yemen. Qatar Charity has adopted this survey, which is an initiative to facilitate the work of humanitarian organizations in Yemen. Qatar Charity is a non-governmental organization that was founded in 1991 by a group of well-known Qatari persons known for their integrity and credibility. Qatar Charity operates in more than 67 countries in Asia ,Africa and Europe, both through its field offices in some countries or through partnership and cooperation with local non-governmental development organizations. Qatar Charity is also operating in the State of Qatar to contribute to the social and cultural development efforts. Qatar Charity adopts a message that is based on “supporting the most needy people according to the principles of human dignity and social justice, in cooperation with development and labor rights” partners. Qatar Charity is committed to its basic humanitarian principles such as the “humanity”, “independence”, “neutrality” and “non-discrimination”, which share with most international non-governmental organizations. Qatar Charity in Yemen is working in developmental and humanitarian fields since the early nineties, and has opened a field office in Yemen in 2013. Qatar Charity Association has studied the needs of people in Yemen in the wake of the crisis plaguing the country since 2014. It has carried out a field study to determine the necessary and basic needs that are needed by the affected communities in many sectors, including: 1 Food and food security, and 2. Health, and 3. Water and environmental sanitation, and 4. Shelter and non-food items, and 5. And livelihoods, and 6. Education to determine the appropriate interventions to meet these needs and alleviate the suffering of the citizens. The survey targeted, in the first phase, fourteen provinces:

The provinces that has suffered and still exposed to the waves of violence Aden

Taiz

Abyan

Marib

Ibb

Dalea

Hajjah

Al Hudaydah

Affected provinces of Tshabala and Meg Hurricanes

Hajj

Hadramout Shabwa

Al Baydav

Table (1): The targeted field survey provinces

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Al Mahrah Socotra

Chapter One || Survay Introduction

Map (1): The target provinces in the field survey

Yemeni crisis through international organizations reports The United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) in collaboration with Human-

itarian partners specified an action plan for rapid response to 2015, and developed a plan for humanitarian response in Yemen that met the most vulnerable needs of the population. The plan has been prioritized to ensure concentration on the protection of civilians and to provide life-saving aids for humans. To ensure the implementation of the revised plan, the humanitarian organizations are to expand the scope of operations by increasing the number of employees within Yemen and promoting supplies intended for the country to ensure the aids are reached to those who need them most. More than 12 million people were affected by the conflict directly, a million people were forced to migrate, and more than 42 thousand Yemeni people fled. The victims of conflict include civilians, women and children, but the death toll is of a large proportion of the adult male. This has led to the loss of the families male breadwinner . In general, civilians critically lack protection, where violations of international humanitarian law and international human rights law continue. The violations that affect the civilian population include; the use of explosive weapons in areas of the densely populated; attacking civilian infrastructure facilities; recruitment of children; and targeting the humanitarian workers. Reports said that there is outbreak of military unexploded ordnance in 13 provinces. Many related studies were also conducted to investigate the impact of the conflict on the citizens, for example, a study on Multi-Cluster/Sector Initial Rapid Assessment (MIRA), which was carried out by the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (UNOCHA) in several governorates, including studies that have been carried out in the island of Socotra. The findings showed that the most important priorities of the island of Socotra residents largely centered in the provision of housing, education and water supply.

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter One || Survay Introduction

Objectives of the survey The main objective of this survey is to assess the damage in the following sectors: Food security, food,

health, water, environmental sanitation, shelter, non-food items, ways of living, and education), and to identify the necessary needs of affected people in some governorates as a result of recent events, according to a typical scientific approach of the damage assessment. A number of objectives emerge from this main objective as follows: • Evaluating and estimating the size of the losses sustained in the sectors under study. • Preparing a clear idea about the urgent needs to cope with the tragic circumstances in the sectors under study. • Preparing a number of programs and activities that can help in the economic recovery and securing the livelihoods of the communities affected by the armed conflict. • Seeking to achieve genuine integration between relief and development.

The importance of the survey The importance of the survey is as follows: • The survey relied on a comprehensive survey of the damage caused in the targeted areas in various sectors of the study, as it is for the first time the use of this methodology in the overall survey in the society organizations in Yemen. • The survey created a database covering all the affected areas in the Republic of Yemen, where any organization or institution willing to intervene, get this data easily, and the data can be updated regularly. • This survey has provided data on the affected areas and the interventions required of the survey, as well as the size and cost of the damage. • The survey tools were designed according to local needs after discussing them with various local humanitarian organizations working in this field, and without the application of a particular rigid model. Different scientific methods were considered. • All the photos of the damage occurring in the survey sectors were documented with different data.

The survey methodology

To ensure the achievement of the objectives of the survey, it has been relying on two main sources of the survey which are: 1. Primary Sources These sources are the main forms that have been filled from the field, namely: • Fieldwork Form: It is the form that researchers had filled out in the field, where data were collected from the affected areas, persons and entities most familiar and closest to the study topics. • Supervisor Form: It is the form that the supervisors had collected their data on the county-level at the center of the province of government agencies or entities operating in the relief organizations, international institutions and organizations concerned with the axes of the study. The data sources were

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter One || Survay Introduction

documented in the same form. • Focus-group interviews and observations of researchers form: They are the forms that were filled out by the researchers via the method of focus group interviews of the affected families and codification of all the notes found by the researchers in the field. 2. Secondary Sources: They are the sources that were collected from the agencies and organizations related to the axes of the study sources. CSO data are secondary sources. A comparison of all sources has been carried out within the work of data analysis for the study to obtain a clear image about the damages and needs to be addressed.

First: The Quantitative Survey The survey relies on the questionnaire, and is considered one of the best tools used in quantitative data collection. It is an important tool because it depends on the personal interview between the interviewer and the interviewee. This helps to get the real data of the respondent. The questions were formulated in simple language which is easily understood by the targeted people. The survey was formulated in six main topics are: 1 Food and food security, and 2. Health, and 3. Water and environmental sanitation, and 3. shelter and non-food items 0.4. And livelihoods, and 5. Education). All the documents and previous studies in this area have been taken advantage of, including: • Rapid Initial Assessment form (MIRA) to determine the humanitarian needs of the model questionnaire. • Damage assessment methodology adopted by the World Bank . • Evaluating food security form in the emergency circumstances, which was prepared by a number of international organizations working in Yemen. • Questions form for impact assessment, which was prepared by the Social Fund for Development. • As well as the documents of income and expenditure surveys and household budget implemented by the Central Bureau of Statistics.

Secondly: The Qualitative Survey The qualitative survey methods, including focus-groups’ discussion (FGD), is one of the important research methods used to obtain data. (Observation Field) is also used. It is direct personal notes, in which the researcher and his team in the field try to detect the damage caused to different sectors of the study. Observation is different from the interview because the observer does not ask the respondent directly, but it can be written in several ways, as in the case of the codification of the interview data. Due to the special circumstances that prevailed in the provinces during the study period and the importance of preserving the documents of the field work, as well as taking advantage of the time to get things done as required, an excel program has been designed and sent to the data entry in the governorates. This program included many of the rules of consistency and protecting data from any mistakes that could occur by the data entry. The data is entered once they are collected to be reviewed and signed by supervisor. The open answers have been classified into categories and encoded so that all the data will be ready to be entered in the computer and pro-

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter One || Survay Introduction

cessed statistically. Researchers used the SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) version 22, which is used for the processing and analysis of statistical data. It is a statistically integrated system including the frequency tables, the statistical tests of hypotheses and the multiple statistical analyses. As for the analysis of the findings of the qualitative surveys methodology, the supervisors had a key role in analyzing the qualitative data according to the axes of group interviews manual, where observations was sorted in each topic of the survey separately, deriving the similarities and differences of opinions. The findings of the qualitative survey have been presented (which is the most important way to view the findings in this kind of surveys). It has also been focusing on in-depth interviews with specialists and leaders working in the areas of community development and those associated with the assessment of emergency needs. Form has been met for each residential community (isolated in the countryside/ urban neighborhood).

The technical team of the survey formation A technical survey team has been formed to revise the documentation and approve them, specify various

mechanisms to follow up the progress of work in the field, and to contribute to the solution of problems and obstacles. This team is made up of: 1. Supervision and follow-up team in Doha: 1. Muhammad Ali Al-Ghamdi, Executive Director of International Development at Qatar Charity. 2. Abed Rabi bin Sahraa, Director of Planning and International Cooperation Department / Qatar Charity. 3. Jassim Saadi Alnjemaoa, Director of the Department of International Follow-up and Evaluation / Qatar Charity. 4. Dr. / Abdul Majeed Farhan, Executive Team Advisor. 2. Executive Team of Survey in Yemen: 1. Dr. Abdalwasa Allowasai, Executive Director of the Survey Team. 2. Dr. Tareq Yehia Kibsi, Main Researcher. 3. Abbas Zaid Aburas, Assistant Main Researcher. 4. Dr. Khaled Almontasr, a Secretary. 5. Mohammed Abdullah al-Saidi, Coordinator of the Affected Provincial in the Events. 6. Mohammed Almazb, Coordinator of the Affected Provincial in the hurricane. 7. Aladdin Abdul Malik Alywsfy, Director of Data Entry Team. 8. Afrah Yahya Alqazahi, Executive Secretary of the For Human Development Organization. 9. Nada Abdullah Fakhir, General Manager of Yemen for Volunteer Work. 10. Yahya Suleiman, Survey Accountant. 11. Ameen Alkibab, Maps.

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter One || Survay Introduction

Fieldwork Formation The number of provinces supervisors is (14 supervisors), and the number of assistants supervisors is (14 assis-

tants), while the number of researchers has reached (133 researchers). Conditions were specified to select the best job applicants in the survey, as follows: 1. Academic qualifications, supervisors must have a university degree. 2. Experience in these kinds of surveys. 3. The ability to deal with the various groups of society. 4. Priority for the people of the affected areas to work in this study. 5. Gender is considered when selecting the researchers. Workers in the field have been distributed according to the number of districts affected in each province, which has been identified by the executive team and the survey supervisors of the provinces. The number of researchers is different from some provinces, although the two provinces have the same number of districts affected, due to the different size of damage and geographical scope of the directorates. Researchers have been distributed according to the table as follows: Staff No

Province

The number of districts affected

Number of

The number of Manager As-

Supervisors

researchers

sistant

Total

ibb

Taiz

Abyan

Hadramout

Al Hudaydah

Lahij

Shabwa

Dhale

Al Bayda

Marib

Aden

Hajjah

Al Mahrah

Socotra

122

133

161

Total

Table (2): The distribution of researchers working in the field survey of provinces

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter One || Survay Introduction

Implementation of the Survey Plan

First: The program schedule of survey The survey was conducted in a period of a month and a half (6 weeks) that was divided according to the following schedule No 1

Activity

Date

Preparing, processing the survey documents and selecting the staff

15-23/11

Supervisors Training (the first phase)

24-25/11

Researchers Training (the second phase)

29-30/11

Field work and data entry

1-14/12

Data analysis and writing the final report

15-24/12

Table (3): Implementation of the field survey plan

Secondly: Training Given the importance of the training, two phases of the training have been adopted: Primary phase: Provinces Supervisors training This training took place at the Yemeni capital Sanaa, where the training has active participation of some supervisors and specialists, as well as the participation of the technical team of the survey according to the schedule of the special session of training during the period 24-25 / 11/2015 as follows:

The second day

The opening session The objectives of the study

Discussing the survey form

Approving the Discussing documents in the superviits final form sor tasks

Break 10:30 to 11:00

Fourth Lecture 11:00 to 12:00

Discussing the survey form

Discussing the distribution of the affected areas

Break Sixth lecFifth lecture 12:00 ture 13:00 to 14:00 to 14:00â&#x20AC;&#x201C;15:00 13:00 A break for prayer and lunch

First day

The second lecture 9:30 to 10:30

Breakfast break

Day and date

The first lecturer 8:30 to 9:30

Table (4): Training program for supervisors provinces

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Discussing the survey form

Discussing the researcher form report

Discussing the criteria for selecting researchers

General discussion

Chapter One || Survay Introduction

A photo during the opening training session for supervisors of governorates survey

The second phase: The training of researchers in targeted provinces and districts The trained supervisors in Sanaa, returned to the provinces to train the researchers team who have been selected. Training of researchers has been conducted in the provincial centers or in some local organizations. The supervisors taught the researchers the objectives of the study, methods of collecting data and information from the field through the field survey during the period 29-30 / 11/2015.

Photos during the training of researchers in the targeted governorates

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter One || Survay Introduction

The Survey population It was agreed that the survey population is all the affected areas due to the recent events, in addition to the

affected provinces of Tshabala and Meg Hurricanes. The number of affected districts reached (122 directorates) and distributed over 14 provinces according to the following chart:

Aden

Al Hudaydah

Taiz

Hajj

Ibb

Al Bayda

Shabwah

Number of directorates

Dalea

Marib

Hadramout

Abyan

Hajjah

Al Mahrah

Socotra

Number of affected provinces

Figure (1): The distribution of districts in the targeted and affected provinces

As noted, the affected directorates ratio reached 52% of the total number of districts in the targeted provinces. Aden Province, has the largest percentage (100%), where it has the most affected directorates as result of war and armed confrontations. The proportion of districts affected in Socotra province was (100%) as a result of Tshabala and Meg Hurricanes . As for the provinces of Ibb and Taiz, we note that the number of districts affected (17 affected directorates in each province).

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter One || Survay Introduction

10. The temporal and spatial boundaries of the survey Data was collected during the period of 1 - 12/14/2015, at fourteen provinces and122 Directorate as follows: Number of province

districts

The names of the affected districts

Affected

Hadramout

Aden

Al Hudaydah

Ridh, and Gosaiar, Doan, stone, Shahr, rural areas of Mukalla, Dees East, Gazprom Mayfa’a, Gail bin right, Aldilaah, Mukalla Sheikh Osman, Khor Maksar, Dar Saad, Mansura, Mualla, Sira, Tawahi, Brega Port, Ad Dahi District, Al Luḩayyah, Al Ahli, Bayt al-Faqih, Al Hawak District, Salif, Mansuriyah, Althita, Nectarine, Zabid, Luhais, Kamran Mawza District, Mqubnp, Hdnan, Maoist, Sbermoadm, Salon, Khadder, Jabal

Taiz

Lahij

Habashi, Bab al-Mandab, Allowazeip, Alamaafr, Muzaffar, Almsrakh, Mocha, Cairo, Achammaatin, consolation

Arh, Al Madaribah , Alqbith, navigator, Almsimir, Tuban , Hota Hobeish, Al Qafr, Almkhadr, Mvek, Udayn packages, Yarim, Alrdmh, COPD,

ibb

An Nadirah, Dhi As Sufal, a Alsval, Sayani, Jiblah, Almcnh, Al Dhihar, Sbrh, Ash Sha’ir Al Bayda, Radaa, Wald Rabi’, Quraysh, Dhi Na’im, Mukeiras, Ash Sharyah, As

Al Bayda

Shabwa

Mephaath, Rudum, Hibbaan, Bayhan, Ain , Asilan, Ataq, As Said

Ad Dhale’e

Dali City, Qadoba, Damt, Al Hussein

Marib

Marib city, Majzar, Hreib, Serwah, Alwadi, Medghal

Abyan

Mahvd, Al Wade’a, Khanfar, Zanzibar, Lauder, Mudiyah

Hajjah

Al Mahrah

Hsoan, Al Masilah, Qishn

Socotra

Hdebouh, Qlencih

Total

122

Sawadiyah, Az Zahir

Hajjah City, Bakeel Al Meer, MIDI, Harad, Sharas, Bani Qa’is, Abs, Kushar, Khayran Al Muharraq, Mustaba

Table (5): The names of the affected districts in the targeted provinces

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter One || Survay Introduction

11. The Moral Aspect of the Survey The moral aspects of the survey were considered by getting the approval that is based on full knowledge of the objectives of the study. It has been asserted that the form data will not be used in non-research purposes, and that the participants have the right to refuse to participate or to answer the questionnaire. The local authorities have been informed about the objectives and methodology of the study. The data was collected through in-depth interviews as well as observations of researchers from the field.

12. Data Updating Mechanism To take advantage of this data as long as possible during the ongoing conflict in the Republic of Yemen, the supervisors will be informed in order to enter any new data according to the sectors of the survey, as well as delete any damages that have been processed or interfered by other organizations. For example, what happened in the province of Aden to repair the damage in the education sector to ensure the restoration of the city schools by the United Arab Emirates during the months of October and November 2015.

13. Classification of targeted people who have given data and the supporting authorities 1. The findings of the field study showed that the numbers of people who responded to the survey questions amounted to approximately (938 persons) as follows: • Members of local councils and the local authority in the provinces under study. • Social and legal persons in the affected areas. • Offices directors interested in study topics. • Officials and coordinators of associations and non-governmental organizations working in the humanitarian field and relief. • Activists in the field of human rights. • The population affected by these events, and the people of the affected areas. 2. The services provided by government and private bodies had a significant impact on the success of the work, and the most important bodies include: • Social Reform Charitable Society and its branches in the governorates, which facilitated the use of its offices and infrastructure in the survey service in various stages. • Civil society organizations such asHuman Development Foundation, which had a significant role in the survey. • Yemeni Foundation for Voluntary Work that contributed directly to the survey sucess, and communicated with local and international organizations working in Yemen. • Office of the United Nation for the Coordination Human Affairs had a big role in reviewing, scanning

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter One || Survay Introduction

documents and giving technical advice and assistance, technical observations and opinions to contribute to the success of the survey work. • Personalities and some assistants in the districts where they accompanied the team members to cooperate with them during the process of collecting data for the survey. • All volunteers who collaborated with the team of researchers and they are estimated by 270 volunteers in all target provinces. They had a prominent role in facilitating the work of researchers in the provinces. • A coalition of humanitarian relief in the provinces, especially in the province of Taiz, which has contributed significantly to meet the required data there through providing researchers in different areas of the county. • Social center for the displaced in the Hajjah province, which has provided researchers, as well as the survey data.

14. The Difficulties and Obstacles of the Study and the Ways of Overcoming them: 1. The military confrontations and clashes in some provinces. 2. Continuing aerial bombardment during the field work. 3. Distances between centers and areas of conflict. 4. Time pressure on the fields researchers. 5. Some researchers have suffered from the security detention for a brief period due to lack of understanding of the nature of the survey before they were released due to prior coordination with the concerned authorities. 6. The lack of services to assist in the work of researchers and research management such as the lack of electricity in most of the target provinces and the slowness of the internet access. 7. Difficulty of communicating with some of the general managers of the district / provincial center to identify needs because they cannot exist in their offices. These difficulties and obstacles were surmounted by the following ways: 1. Choosing a qualified team able to work under pressure. 2. Choosing the team and some of the mentors of the affected districts. 3. Communicating with officials to facilitate the implementation of the fieldwork for the survey in their areas. 4. Seizing the right opportunities for fieldwork at the right time. 5. Continue to work for several periods. 6. Following-up detainees’ researchers and using more than one way and more than a broker to get them out.

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter Two || Water and Sanitation Sector

Chapter Two Water and Sanitation Sector

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter Two || Water and Sanitation Sector

The Costs of Required Interventions in the Water and Sanitation Sector

Intervention

Costs

Water Tanks Repairs

$2,145,600

Intervention

Costs

Water Systems Rehabilitation

$39,512,200

Intervention

costs

Buying Water Pumps

$5,842,260

Total

$46,500,060 The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter Two || Water and Sanitation Sector

Introduction Having access to safe drinking water is a fundamental human right. Due to the lack of surface water and rain

shortfall in Yemen, it is one of the most water scarce countries in the world. The country’s annual water deficit is one billion cubic meters.(1). The water situation is getting worse due to the cultivation and groundwater depletion. The issue of water focuses on the level of water supply in the areas affected from the current conflicts, the nature of damages resulting from these conflicts and the interventions as well as the solutions required. The findings of the demographic health survey in 2013 revealed that the percentage of families that have access to safe drinking water has reached 59% of families in Yemen, including (safe sources of water obtained through a government system, a civil system, artesian wells, rainwater or bottled water). 20% of the people have used a government system, and up to 14 % have used the artesian well.

The Damages Caused to the Water and Sanitation Sector The survey findings indicated that wells are the common source of drinking in general, which reached about

72%, with exception of the drinking water collected from the rooftops. Many families, especially in Taiz province, have drinking water from rooftops instead of the artesian wells, which have been broken down due to the recent events in Yemen or to the interruption in supplying oil derivatives, especially the diesel used for operating well pumps. The water and sanitation sector has been affected by the events in Yemen. The most significant manifestations of this impact have been contained in the results of focus groups interviews as follows: • The high maintenance and fuel costs, which increase the cost of water extraction with a rate of (100%). Thus, this negatively affects the living conditions of many families. • The outbreak of many diseases due to the use of contaminated water and the spread of sewage disposals with a rate of (30%). • The girls’ dropout of school owing to their involvement in bringing water from distant places with a rate of (18%). • Most water pumps have stopped and broken down due to lack of diesel, so they have used other alternatives by (50%). • The water system and many projects have been damaged due to the lack of maintenance. The survey findings has demonstrated that the number of drinking water sources in the surveyed areas reached (4,358). (581 sources) have been affected by approximately 13%. The highest percentage of damages was in Lahij province by (70%) then Aden by (58.8%) and then Hadhramaut province by (48%). The number of families affected by the events in the water and sanitation sector is (656, 747), and the highest percentage of damages was in Taiz province, followed by Aden province.

(1) The Millennium Development Goals Needs Assessment Report, the Ministry of Planning and International Cooperation, Sanaa 2005

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter Two || Water and Sanitation Sector

The Appropriate Needs and Interventions

Province

The number of the affected water tanks

The total horsepower of the affected pumps

The total lengths of the affected water systems in meters

The cost of water tanks repair *

ibb

2482

45,261

230,400

670,140

2,263,050

Abyan

1583

114,220

417,600

427,410

5,711,000

Al Bayda

827

17,425

115,200

223,290

871,250

Al Hudaydah

28,800

Dhale

273

43,174

316,800

73,710

2,158,700

Al Mahrah

161

16,925

14,400

4,470

846,250

Taiz

3815

99,600

561,600

1,030,050

4,980,000

Hajjah

151

4,750

158,400

40,770

237,500

Hadhramaut

433

129,335

331,200

116,910

6,466,750

Socotra

180

54,560

43,200

48,600

2,728,000

Shabwah

335

31,042

86,400

90,450

1,552,100

Aden

389

2,040

105,030

102,000

Lahij

190

6,128

14,400

51,300

306,400

Ma’rib

14,400

Total

162

10,819

564,460

2,332,800

2,921,130

28,223,000

The cost of The cost of pumps repair water systems ** repair ***

Table (6): The Costs of Water Sector Interventions in the Affected Provinces

* Water tanks repairs: The cost of water tanks repairs per cubic meter was estimated at $ 400 and a total of $14,400. ** Water pumps repairs: The cost of buying a pump according to its horsepower was estimated at $ 20 per horsepower unit. *** The cost of water systems repair: The cost of water systems repair was estimated at $ 50 per meter. For more information about the damages caused to the water sector and their costs, please refer to the water sector table in the appendices. There are many needs and interventions in the water field as indicated in the collective and individual interviews, including: • Rehabilitating the suspended projects by repairing the damaged water pumps, systems and tanks. • Conducting awareness-raising programs about the dangers of sewage disposals and the rationalization of water use. • Establishing collective groves or sanitation and completing the existing water system. • Providing water tanks to the affected areas.

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter Two || Water and Sanitation Sector

â&#x20AC;˘ Providing fuel, and especially diesel to operate equipment. â&#x20AC;˘ Constructing the collection reservoirs to save the water springs. A question has been asked about the most important priorities of the affected communities. The survey findings indicated that the number of priorities is higher than the number of damages, and this is a logical finding as the needs exceed the damage caused to all sectors, especially the water sector. The findings revealed that the most important priorities with respect to the water sector in the affected communities were as follows: 1. Repairing or providing pumping units for the water projects. 2. Repairing water systems 3. Repairing water tanks The other responses focused on the following: 1. Drilling additional wells and a desalination plant for the drinking water. 2. Building dams, dikes and caravans. 3. Providing plastic tanks. 4. Rehabilitating the damaged wells and completing some water projects.

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter Two || Water and Sanitation Sector

Photos of Some Damages in the Water Sector

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter Two || Water and Sanitation Sector

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter Two || Water and Sanitation Sector

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter Three || Education Sector

Chapter Three Education Sector

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter Three || Education Sector

The Costs of Required Interventions in the Education Sector

Restoration and construction of classrooms

32,275,200 $

Constructing colleges and technical institutes

131,400,000 $

Classes furnishing

7,608,000 $ Providing bag and uniforms

6,199,530 $

Hiring temporary classrooms 941,400 $ for six months

Providing tents

963,360 $

Total 179,387,490 $

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter Three || Education Sector

Introduction The educational level is a distinctive feature and a meaningful way in our time to determine the progress and

development of any community. Further, it indicates the extent of urbanization and awareness among nations. Education builds the human personality, broadens his knowledge and understanding, and develops his skills and experiences and the scientific and practical capacities. In addition, it provides the individual with the information necessary to help him perform his work successfully. As a result, the standard of living and the well-being of his family members would be improved and the objectives related to the progress and development of society would be realized. As learning has countless advantages, illiteracy has many disadvantages on the peoples’ lives. Therefore, governments exert great efforts to spread education among the people, modernize the curricula and improve the educational level from time to time to cope with the changes and developments in its various courses and fields. Education is one of the basic determinants of the people’s social and economic development as it provides them with the sciences, knowledge and skills needed to contribute effectively to the construction and development process. It is now recognized that the essential foundation to overcome underdevelopment is the community’s intensive investment in education. Yemen, like other developing countries, continues to experience illiteracy that impedes the improvement of the standard of living and the progress and prosperity of society in spite of its low levels among the population. The findings of the demographic and health survey conducted in 2013 indicate that there is a gap in in the school enrolment rate between males and females in general, where about 80% of the males have already access to education, and only about 57% of females have access to it. The enrolment rate of both males and females has significantly changed over the years. It is clearly illustrated that the urban population is more likely to enroll and continue the education than their rural peers. The findings also indicated that the males’ enrolment is higher than the females’ enrolment at the provincial level. This survey aimed to examine the impacts of the recent events in Yemen on the education sector, and the interventions required to address these damages.

Damages Caused to the Education Sector By asking the targeted people about the structural damages in all targeted areas, the survey findings con-

firmed that the number of the affected areas is 450 out of 577 targeted areas, so the various degrees of damages caused to the education sector reached about 78% of the affected areas. The number of the schools that were deeply affected in Al Bayda and Socotra will be discussed later. Undoubtedly, the low percentage in Aden province is due to the repair of damaged schools by the UAE Red Crescent.

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter Three || Education Sector

Photos of the Damages Caused to the Education Sector

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter Three || Education Sector

The number Province

of the structurally affect-

Classes that need furni-

ed classrooms

ture

The need for tents and temporary classrooms

The cost of The cost of

The cost of

providing

building

classes fur-

tents and hir-

classrooms $

nishing $

ing temporary classrooms $

ibb

221

371

221

2,121,600

742,000

226,392

Abyan

207

660

207

1,987,200

1,320,000

166,056

Al Bayda

222

262

222

2,131,200

524,000

57,768

Al Hudaydah

139

1,334,400

196,000

150,144

Dhale

300

132

300

2,880,000

264,000

125,064

Al Mahrah

700,800

42,000.00

44,592

Taiz

983

1,115

983

9,436,800

2,230,000

770,664

Hajjah

292

181

352

2,803,200

362,000

71,136

Hadhramaut

207

1,987,200

148,000

76,032

Socotra

253

226

253

2,428,800

452,000

93,864

Shabwah

141

169

141

1.353,600

338,000

8,352

Aden

299

864,000

598,000

30,672

Lahij

132

102

132

1,267,200

204,000

26,520

Maâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;rib

102

108

979,200

188,000

57,504

Total

3362

3,804

3428

32,275,200

7,608,000

1,904,760

Table (7): Damages in the Education Sector and their Costs

The cost of rebuilding the affected classes was estimated at approximately ($ 9,600) per class, and the cost of classes that need to be re-furnished is about ($ 2,000). The cost of one tentâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s monthly rent is ($600). The monthly rent for one class is ($ 72) for six months (one school year). For more information about the damages and costs in the education sector, please refer to the education sector table in the appendices The survey findings indicted that the total number of schools in the survey areas is about (2,987 schools) where (949) of them have been affected with a rate of 32% of the total schools in the area. The highest percentage of the damaged schools was in Socotra, Abyan and Hadramaut because the number of schools was already lower due to the low number of population in these areas. The total number of classes in the survey areas reached (28.885) with an average of 10 classes in each school. (3569 classes) were structurally damaged with a rate of 12% of the total classrooms in the area. The highest percentage of the number of damaged classrooms was in Taiz and Hadramout. (3878 classrooms) have been looted and their furniture was damaged, representing approximately 13% of the total classrooms in the area. The largest number of these classes was in Taiz and Abyan knowing that they may be among the structurally damaged schools.

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter Three || Education Sector

The targeted people in the affected areas were asked about the number of needed temporary classrooms or tents. It was revealed that the people of the affected areas need (1927 temporary classes) and about (1708 tents). It is noteworthy that one classroom may need more than one intervention including an urgent one (Rent or provide tents ...), or long-term intervention, such as the reconstruction or restoration of the classroom. This indicates that the total numbers should not be equal to the number of the affected classrooms in the area. The number of stuProvince

dents in the governorate*

The number of affected students

The financial cost of Percentage**

the bag and supplies ***

Ibb

679,990

19,275

62.1

299,244

Abyan

88,493

19,131

38.7

185,092

Al Bayda

140,532

11,626

86.1

250,250

Al Hudaydah

476,396

7,715

31.6

60,949

Dhale

165,757

2,341

27.3

15,977

Al Mahrah

23,087

1,380

75.0

25,875

Taiz

768,971

334,306

57.1

4,772,218

Hajjah

306,918

10,211

24.2

61,777

Hadhramaut

295,878

11,815

46.8

138,236

Socotra

----

3,298

80.0

65,960

Shabwah

117,062

20,468

37.9

193,934

Aden

148,759

5,192

22.9

29,724

Lahij

210,348

13,660

18.9

64,544

Maâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;rib

63,784

7,150

20.0

35,750

Total

679,990

467,568

44.8

6,199,530

Table (8): The total number of the students deprived of education due to the recent events and the financial costs by province

* The source: Central Bureau of Statistics (The Statistical Yearbook for 2013). ** The percentage of the students affected, due to their inability to get a uniform and school bag. *** The financial cost of the bag and supplies: The costs of the bag and school needs was estimated at ($ 25) for each one.

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter Three || Education Sector

The targeted people were asked about the number of students who were deprived of education due to the damage caused to the educational institution. The number of affected female/male students was nearly (476,568), and the highest number of students was in Taiz (334,306 students), followed by Dhale (23,411 students), followed by Shabwah (20,468 students), and so on for the rest of the provinces. The dropout rate due to the events experienced by the affected areas was about 60%, and the highest percentage of dropout was in Ma’rib and Taiz. The findings showed that the highest percentage of the reasons behind the students’ dropout is that they cannot provide school supplies (45%), especially in Albayda and Socotra. The second reason was security concerns by (43%), and the highest percentage was in Ma’rib and Albayda, while the third reason was the damage caused to the school due to the recent events by (36%), and the highest percentage was in Albayda and Ma’rib. The results of the collective and individual interviews pointed out that these damages are mainly as follows: 1. The dropout due to the conflict, the reluctance of some parents to send their sons and daughters to school in fear for their lives, and the administrative chaos of students and the educational administration. 2. The low achievement and the weakness of the educational outcomes. 3. The deterioration and destruction of the educational facilities. 4. The shortage of schools textbooks and teachers as many of them cannot return to their schools as well as the stoppage of the graduates’ recruitment. 5. Overcrowded classrooms, because the displaced people have come to some provinces and the affected students have transferred to other schools due to the bombing. 6. The lack of personal hygiene among students due to the bad conditions of the school bathrooms and water. 7. The damage and looting of school furniture. 8. The families’ low-income lead to the children dropout in order to help their families and provide their needs. 9. The high costs and the difficulty to have access to remote schools and especially in rural areas.

The Appropriate Needs and Interventions The survey findings indicated that the most important needs identified by the community members in the

education sector are: 1. Restoring the partially or totally destroyed schools. 2. Providing the furniture and the educational equipment. 3. Providing school supplies. The other responses stressed the importance of providing security for the students and faculty members, providing teachers and compelling the rest of the teachers to come to school, building additional classrooms and schools for girls, providing drinking water, refrigerators and water tanks, providing the school curriculum and the school bag and all the school supplies to poor families, and providing sums of money to the volunteers in schools to make up the shortage of teachers.

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter Three || Education Sector

4. The Damages Caused to the Community Colleges and the Vocational and Technical Institutes The findings of the survey supervisors in the provinces revealed that a number of community colleges and vocational and technical institutes have been damaged. The percentage of the damages is different in the facilities. (Al Bayda, Taiz, Al Hudaydah, Lahij) have the highest number of affected colleges and institutes with (4 institutes / colleges) in each province, followed by Dhale that has 2 affected facilitates, followed by Ibb and Maâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;rib, and Lahij that have one affected facility in each province. The following table describes the extent of the damages and the required intervention costs of repair:

Province Ibb Dhale

Al Bayda

Maâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;rib

Taiz

Al Hudaydah

Hajjah

Lahij

College/Institute

The percentage of damage

The intervention costs of reconstruction and equipping

Community College / Yarim

100 %

2,000,000

Technical Institute / Dhale

100 %

2,000,000

Community College / Dhale

50 %

1,000,000

Technical Industrial Institute/Al

90 %

1,800,000

Technical Institute informational /

100 %

2,000,000

Vocational Institute / Albayda

100 %

2,000,000

Vocational Institute /Sawadiyah

70 %

1,400,000

Vocational Institute / Sirwah

50 %

1,000,000

Technical Industrial Institute /

70 %

1.400.000

Technical Industrial Institute / Al Hasab

80 %

1,600,000

Commercial Technical Institute / Al

70 %

1,400,000

Commercial Technical Institute /

50 %

1,000,000

Vocational Industrial Institute / Al

70 %

1,400,000

Technical Industrial Institute / Al

50 %

1,000,000

Vocational Industrial Institute / Al-

70 %

1,400,000

Vocational Industrial Institute / Bajil

50 %

1,000,000

Technical Industrial Institute / Abs

70 %

1,400,000

Boumediene Vocational Training

70 %

1,400,000

Agricultural and the commercial

70 %

1,400,000

Vocational Industrial Institute / Al

100 %

2,000,000

Vocational Industrial Institute / Al

50 %

1,000,000

Total

131,400,000

Table (9): The Affected Community Colleges and the Vocational and Technical Institutes

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter Three || Education Sector

Photos of Some Damages in the Education Sector

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter Three || Education Sector

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter Three || Education Sector

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

‫القطاع الصحي‬ || ‫الرابع‬Sector ‫الفصل‬ Chapter Four || Health

Chapter Four Health Sector

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

‫املسح امليداني متعدد القطاعات لتقييم األضرار الناتجة‬ ‫ م‬2016 ‫عن األزمة الحالية يف اليمن – يناير‬

Chapter Four || Health ‫القطاع الصحي‬ || ‫الرابع‬Sector ‫الفصل‬

The Costs of Required Interventions in the Health Sector

Building, restoring and equipping health units

7,960,000 $ Building, restoring and equipping health centres

12,680,000 $ Physical therapy centers

200,000$ Building, restoring and equipping rural hospitals Building, restoring and

36,500,000 $

equipping public hospitals

75,500,000 $ Providing furniture and medical equipment

2,260,000 $ Providing surgical devices and instruments

4,455,000 $

Providing laboratory equipment

Equipping Intensive care

4,896,000 $

and emergency

3,050,000 $

Providing medical equipment (rays)

3,240,000$ Mobile Clinic

4,158,000 $ Providing medicines

4,080,000 $

Total

$158,979,000 The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter Four || Health Sector

The Costs of Required Interventions in the Health Sector

Spraying campaigns to combat fevers

1,512,000 $ Surgical Camps

10,509,000 $ First aid training

1,899,300 $ Buying ambulances

1,470,000 $ Awareness-raising and psychotherapy campaigns

2,472,000 $ Travelling abroad for treatment

31,020,000 $ Orphan guardianship (for a year)

93,816,000 $

Guardianship for people with disabilities

8,587,200 $ Providing wheelchairs for people with disability

573,240 $

Total

$ 151,858,740

Total Interventions in the Health Sector 310,837,740 $

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter Four || Health Sector

Introduction The health situation of any society is one of the most important indicators of its development, and the level of

its awareness and urbanization. The health issues are also given a priority in all development plans and strategies, as the sound health situation remains the greatest goal for everyone, regardless of their social and economic conditions, and for the family and society as a whole. Moreover, the health status plays a prominent role in developing the human capacities and affecting the production and innovation process. In contrast, the health indicators, both the quantitative and the qualitative, are affected by a number of other elements and variables like the countryâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s general development levels, the development patterns, the per capita income, the health infrastructure, the availability of facilities and the geographical proximity to the individuals, the educational level and quality , medical and paramedical specialists, the sound management of the health systems situation, the distribution of roles, the quality of services provided and the extent of achieving social justice when the services are distributed and provided, and supporting the needy people by adopting the policies of sponsorship taking into account the environmental situation. The individualsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; awareness of the health status importance and their engagement in the prevention programs and mechanisms has a significant impact on the promotion of public and individual health. Due to the recent events in Yemen, the health system in the country has been affected in general. Epidemics have emerged, the shortage of pharmaceutical items has increased, the therapeutic services and medicine prices have risen, and the health facilities have threatened to stop. All the indicators confirm that the health situation in Yemen is potentially catastrophic, while the international response is weak, particularly in the field of relief and humanitarian aids and human health. This study mainly aimed to measure the damages of the public and the private health sector, as the current crisis has indicated the importance of the private health sector in terms of meeting the needs of citizens. The targeted people have been asked about the most important health services provided by the health facilities in their areas. The highest percentage of the health service they receive was the vaccination campaigns with a rate of (88%), the periodic vaccination campaigns by (79%), followed by transportation services (from home to home by 66%), as described in the figure (4/1).

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter Four || Health Sector

Vaccination Periodic campaigns vaccination

Diseases TransHealth Malnutrition Pregnant women, Combat portation education Treatment maternal and Campaigns campaigns and neonatal care such as (from house counseling spraying to house)

Gyneco logical care

The Diagnostic Hospital Disciplinary Services Consultations Medicare Surgical (Laboratory, of Outpatient Services Clinics’ Rays) patients

Figure (2): The percentage of citizens’ access to the basic health services

Damages Caused to the Health Sector The survey findings revealed that nearly two-thirds of the surveyed communities confirmed that the health

sector was affected, and the highest percentages was Ma’rib, followed Socotra, Abyan, Albayda and Taiz (100%, 100%, 94.6%, 91.4%, 83.1% respectively). The number of health units in the affected governorates is (369), the highest number was in Hadramout, Abyan and Taiz, where the number of affected health units was (180), and the number of health centres The following tables show the number of the different types of health facilities, which have been damaged totally or partially (50%), or (25%) in addition to the estimated costs of the damages repair.

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter Four || Health Sector

Photos of the Damages in the Health Sector

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter Four || Health Sector

The following table shows the number of institutions that have been affected in terms of damage/ loss of furniture and supplies (227 health facilities), damage/ loss of (laboratory) medical equipment (144 health facilities), damage/ loss of medical equipment (rays) (72 health facilities) , damage/ loss, medical (surgical) equipment (99 health facilities), damage/ loss of medical equipment (intensive care and emergency) (61 health facilities), or the running out of essential medications in these institutions (272 health facilities). It is worth noting that the health facilities need more than one intervention. Health Units Province

Total Destruction

Health Centers

Partial Destruction

Total Destruction

Partial Destruction

Number

Cost

Number

Cost

Number

Cost

Number

Cost

ibb

130,000

480,000

230,000

2,360,000

Abyan

520,000

1,120,000

1,040,000

Al Bayda

520,000

230,000

400,000

Alhudaydah

130,000

120,000

460,000

200,000

Dhale

130,000

480,000

230,000

440,000

Al Mahrah

130,000

160,000

Taiz

650,000

320,000

1,840,000

760,000

hajjaH

130,000

120,000

920,000

360,000

Hadramout

780,000

300,000

600,000

Socotra

130,000

160,000

Shabwah

130,000

180,000

480,000

Aden

40,000

460,000

1,000,000

Lahij

220,000

230,000

200,000

Maâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;rib

260,000

100,000

80,000

Total

3,640,000

4,320,000

4,600,000

8,080,000

Table (10): Units and health centres that have been totally or partially destroyed and their costs

(For more details, please refer to the table of health units and centres damages in the appendices)

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter Four || Health Sector

Rural hospitals Province

Total Destruction

Public hospitals

Partial Destruction

Total Destruction

Partial Destruction

Number

Cost

Number

Cost

Number

Cost

Number

Cost

Ibb

2,300,000

2,200,000

5,300,000

Abyan

3,800,000

5,600,000

Al Bayda

2,300,000

600,000

5,300,000

Alhudaydah

1,600,000

Dhale

1,200,000

4600000

1,000,000

Al Mahrah

Taiz

2,300,000

4,400,000

9200000

11,500,000

Hajjah

4,600,000

1,000,000

9200000

4,600,000

Hadramout

1,200,000

2,000,000

Socotra

1,600,000

Shabwah

600,000

4600000

4,300,000

Aden

5,300,000

Lahij

1,200,000

1,000,000

Maâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;rib

4,600,000

1,000,000

2,000,000

Total

16,100,000

20,400,000

27,600,000

47,900,000

Table (11): Rural and public hospitals that have been totally or partially destroyed and their costs

(For more details, please refer to the table of rural and public hospitals damages in the appendices)

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter Four || Health Sector

There are other non-constructional damages like the damage or loss of medical devices and equipment. The following table shows the necessary intervention to repair these damages:

The cost of

Province

The cost of

The cost of dam-

damaged/

aged/lost med-

lost furniture

ical equipment

and supplies

(laboratory).

The cost of

damaged/

The cost of dam-

damaged/

lost medical

aged/lost medical

lost medical

equipment

equipment (rays)

equipment

(Intensive

(surgical)

Care and Emergency)

The cost of providing essential medication

Ibb

250,000

408,000

180,000

360,000

100,000

630,000

Abyan

420,000

1,122,000

720,000

1,170,000

750,000

525,000

Al Bayda

290,000

748,000

225,000

405,000

50,000

480,000

Alhudaydah

40,000

102,000

45,000

100,000

75,000

Dhale

70,000

102,000

45,000

90,000

100,000

270,000

Al Mahrah

50,000

45,000

75,000

Taiz

240,000

612,000

450,000

810,000

600,000

660,000

Hajjah

40,000

68,000

90,000

45,000

Hadramout

360,000

442,000

135,000

225,000

200,000

510,000

Socotra

80,000

68,000

120,000

Shabwah

120,000

272,000

180,000

150,000

180,000

Aden

180,000

612,000

720,000

650,000

270,000

Lahij

90,000

238,000

270,000

250,000

165,000

Ma’rib

30,000

102,000

135,000

100,000

75,000

Total

2,260,000

4,896,000

3,240,000

4,455,000

3,050,000

4,080,000

Table (12): The costs of the intervention needed to repair the non-constructional damages caused to health .facilities

(For more information, please refer to the table of the non-constructional damages in the appendices) The following table shows the number of the affected families due to the health institution’s destruction. The number of the affected families reached about (631 421), where Taiz province had the highest rate (37%), followed by the governorate of Aden (13%) of the total affected families in the survey. If we would like to know the percentage of affected families in the governorate to the total families living in the same province, Socotra, Abyan, Aden, Taiz and Ma’rib are the most affected provinces compared to the rest of provinces.

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter Four || Health Sector

Province

Total number of families in

Number of affected

% Of the total families in

the province

familiesw

the province

Ibb

397,770

66,095

16.6

Abyan

75,538

61,264

81.1

Al Bayda

87,074

23,058

26.5

Alhudaydah

501,406

14,401

2.9

Dhale

88,842

18,396

20.7

Al Mahrah

22,647

1,272

5.6

Taiz

478,904

234,012

48.9

Hajjah

273,040

22,731

8.3

Hadramout

167,567

43,550

26.0

Socotra

8,139

6,898

84.8

Shabwah

69,822

11,500

16.5

Aden

137,673

83,963

61.0

Lahij

139,641

27,994

20.0

Ma’rib

37,720

16,286

43.2

Total

2,485,783

631,420

25.4

Table (13): The number of families that have been affected, due to the damage caused to the .health institution The collective and individual in-depth interviews indicated that there were some damages in the health sector as follows: • The lack of necessary medicines including the nutritional medicines. • The power outage in the health facilities, which lead to shortcomings in performing the required tasks. • The damage of vaccines (immunization). • Stopping the laboratory works at the health facilities (testing). • There were some death cases in the dialysis centre because the dialysis machine has been damaged. • The lack of petroleum derivatives to run the health facilities. • Poor access to health facilities to receive treatment in the appropriate time. • The outbreak of some diseases due to the use of contaminated water. • The halting of services in many health facilities such as the sanitation and the Hygiene Fund. • The absence of the local and executive authority’s role in terms of oversight and accountability. • Many medical teams and missions left the affected centres to other places. • The lack of community health awareness and the outbreak of epidemics without being combated by the competent authorities.

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter Four || Health Sector

â&#x20AC;˘ The inability to find drugs in markets due to the disruption of outlets and the high prices. The supervisor form obtained the information from the competent authorities in the targeted governorates indicating an urgent need for intervention in the following areas: Number of targeted

Intervention

provinces

Cost

Remarks 18 campaigns

Spraying campaigns to combat fevers

1,512,000

Surgical camps

10,509,000

Physical Therapy Centres

200,000

Medical convoys(mobile clinics)

4,158,000

1,899,300

Buying ambulances

1,470,000

35 ambulances

Travelling to treat complex cases abroad

31,020,000

Giving treatment for 3102 cases

2,472,000

in 103 Directorates

Providing the volunteers with first aid training

Awareness-raising and psychotherapy campaigns Total

38 camps to treat 21,018 injured people The centre can provide services for more than one province 99 convoys, including 13 fixed clinics in Aden For 6331 volunteers - with first-aid kit bag

53,240,300

Table (14): The health interventions contained in the supervisor form

Based on what is contained in the supervisor form, there are a number of social and humanitarian consequences related to the health sector, which have been represented in several interventions, listed in the following table: Number of tar-

Intervention

The sum of money

Remarks

8,587,200

for 7156 peoples with disability

573,240

for 4777 peoples with disability

7,818,000

For 13 030 orphans for one year only

geted provinces

Guardianship for people with disability Providing wheelchairs for peoples with disability Orphan Guardianship

Total

16,978,440

Table (15): Social and humanitarian interventions related to the health sector

For more details, please refer to the medical interventions table contained in the supervisor form in the appendices

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter Four || Health Sector

The Appropriate Needs and Interventions

The survey findings revealed that the most important needs and priorities identified by the community members in the health sector are: 1. Rebuilding health facilities. 2. Providing basic medicines for chronic diseases. 3. Providing furniture and medical supplies. The collective interviews highlighted some needs: • Providing petroleum derivatives to the health facilities. • Implementing health awareness programs by forming and distributing volunteer field teams. • Establishing fieldwork mobile clinics to treat malnutrition. • Training and rehabilitating women from the affected areas. • Providing transportation means for patients in emergencies. • Providing medical staff, and recruiting qualified missions with rare medical specialities through medical camps. • Launching campaigns for combating the epidemics in the region. • Opening and rehabilitating the closed health centres. • Establishing centres for rehabilitation and physical therapy. • Establishing fixed or mobile clinics to treat malnourished children. • Providing all first aid kits. • Activating the role of health offices in the directorates and centres. • Providing supported central pharmacies to help the poor people. • Encouraging organizations working in the health field to implement health projects in the provinces. • Motivating and supporting the human medical staff by conducting training courses, and providing it with financial support to prevent them from working in the private hospitals and leave the government hospitals. • Providing psychological fixed clinics for the large displaced gatherings and mobile clinics for the sporadic gatherings (while ensuring that medicines are provided on a regular basis for the injured peoples).

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter Four || Health Sector

Photos of Damages in the Health Sector

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter Four || Health Sector

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter Four || Health Sector

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter Four || Health Sector

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter Four || Health Sector

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter Four || Health Sector

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter Five || Food Security and Malnutrition Sector

Chapter Five Food Security and Malnutrition Sector

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter Five || Food Security and Malnutrition Sector

The Costs of Required Interventions in the Food Security and Malnutrition Sector

465,187,320 $ six months

Food Basket

413,499,840 $ to be distributed 6 times

Cash Assistance (for a year)

131,600,000 $ for a year

Total

Giving Treatment to Malnutrition Cases

$1,010,287,160

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter Five || Food Security and Malnutrition Sector

Introduction There are two essential issues related to food security. The first is the amount and type of food required for

achieving food security, and the second is how to get food from both domestic and foreign sources as well as ensuring the supply of this food from these sources regularly. Thus , food security can be defined as the (purchasing power) the community’s ability to provide the food needs (potential) for its members, so that they could live healthy and actively. In addition, the food should be ensured for those who cannot get it, whether through the domestic production or importing depending on the own resources. By adopting this definition, the society can achieve food security through producing the food locally or importing it from other communities. Accordingly, the higher the percentage of the community’s food needs that is locally produced or (the higher the percentage of food self-sufficiency), the more sustainability and food security could be achieved. There is no doubt that in Yemen, one out of every five people suffers from food insecurity, and is in desperate need for food aids. There is also no doubt that the security situation in Yemen remains tense, as the military operations across the country largely affected the ability of international organizations in general, and the World Food Programme, in particular to deliver food, especially in the volatile provinces. Tshabala and Meg Hurricanes had an impact on large parts of Yemen, especially in the southern coastal provinces of Hadramout, Shabwah, Al Mahrah and the island of Socotra.

UN Food and Agriculture Organization has warned from an exacerbated famine in Yemen, where more

than 500,000 children suffer from malnutrition. A study conducted by the World Food Programme revealed that nearly 13 million people are facing acute food insecurity, including 6 million individuals who are facing “ a state of emergency,” as they cannot have their daily bread and suffer from acute malnutrition, and that the situation has become too serious because 1.3 million displaced Yemeni suffer from food insecurity. Food is one of the largest difficulties facing the population, especially the displaced people, as most families have lost their sources of income, which pushed them to sell everything in order to buy food. Further, some displaced people cheaply sold the aids they had received to buy food items that meet their needs. The displaced people have obtained the first food ration after eight months of suffering. The tragic situation wasn’t limited to the displaced people only, but also it directly affected the hosting community, where individuals also lost their sources of income, such as farms, and most of them lost their jobs, particularly those who were working in the border governorates. Many families have been begging because of the urgent need for food, as women and children often go out to beg in markets, where they are often exposed to (sexual and physical violence). This situation may lead to a humanitarian catastrophe if it would not be remedied early.

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter Five || Food Security and Malnutrition Sector

Damages Caused to the Food Security Sector The latest findings of the food security surveys, especially the comprehensive survey of the food security,

which was conducted during March-April 2014, indicated that more than 40% of the population suffer from food insecurity, especially in the rural areas. The findings showed that half of the countryside population and quarter of the urban population suffer from food insecurity. Malnutrition spreads among female-headed households, where one out of every ten children suffers from malnutrition, and more than one third of the rural children suffer from underweight. In order to measure the food change phenomena like (the amount of consumed food, the change in the types of daily meals, the consumed amount of food has not changed, a decrease in the productivity (agricultural, fisheries and livestock production), the weakness of food purchasing power, loss of income or part of it), the survey findings were logical and showed that the food and food security have been affected in all governorates. However, it was noted that the consumed amount of the food has not changed, as nearly 16% of the affected areas reported that the consumed amount of food has not changed because of the recent events, and the highest percentage was in the governorates of Maâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;rib, Aden and Abyan (20%, 31%, and 33% respectively). There is no doubt that all over the Republic of Yemen has been affected by the issue of food security due to the recent events, and this was confirmed by the survey findings which indicated that about 99% of the affected areas have suffered from food insecurity, and there are no clear differences between the governorates. The affected families that cannot get enough food totaled around (861,458), and about (6.202, 000 million people) at all the affected areas, and the highest number of such families was in Taiz (310, 673), followed by Ibb (75, 215). These indicators are clearly linked to the number of population in each governorate. In terms of percentages, the highest percentage was for the governorates of Abyan, Socotra, and Taiz (68.6%, 66.6%, and 64.9%, respectively).

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter Five || Food Security and Malnutrition Sector

The percentage of families that are suffering Number of af-

from food insecurity *

The governorate

fected families

The percentage of families that cannot

Acute

Moderate

Total

Ibb

19.6%

23.3%

42.9%

75,215

18.9

Abyan

20.6%

27.9%

48.5%

51,834

68.6

Al Bayda

24.8%

31.5%

56.3%

30,735

35.3

Taiz

23.3%

20.0%

43.3%

63,381

12.6

Hajjah

31.9%

21.7%

53.5%

22,994

25.9

Alhudaydah

10.0%

27.9%

37.9%

5,540

24.5

Hadramout

4.6%

8.3%

12.9%

310,673

64.9

Shabwah

31.5%

25.6%

57.1%

55,870

20.5

Aden

8.1%

13.7%

21.9%

80,360

48.0

Lahij

35.2%

23.1%

58.3%

5,417

66.6

Ma’rib

23.5%

11.7%

35.2%

22,817

32.7

Al Mahrah

1.0%

7.1%

8.1%

68,618

49.8

Dhale

29.0%

25.6%

54.6%

57,210

41.0

Socotra

10.2%

14.4%

24.6%

10,794

28.6

Total

19.3%

21.8%

41.1%

861,458

34.7

get enough food **

Table (16): Data about the food security of the affected families

* The Comprehensive Food Security Survey -2014 ** The percentage was calculated based on the total number of the families in the governorate. The results of the collective and individual interviews revealed that many damages in the food security and malnutrition sector have been incurred as follows: • The complete closure of the entire main and sub entrances in the city of Taiz and in some governorates, which block the access to food and fuel for cooking. • The doubling of food process), which exceeds the purchasing power of the individual, in all the affected provinces. • The lack of main food items and baby milk in addition to the high prices of transferring them to the villages in the provinces of armed conflict. • The complete suspension of the restaurants and furnaces work because of the siege and the lack of cooking gas especially in the province of Taiz. • The emergence of malnutrition symptoms on children in the most affected areas. • The decline of the agricultural and livestock production because of the erosion and the damage caused to the grazing lands as well as the fisheries production as the boats have broken and lost, which affected the availability of food in the affected areas (Socotra, Hadramout, Al Mahrah, Shabwah). • A number of breadwinners suffered low income in all targeted provinces due to the following:

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter Five || Food Security and Malnutrition Sector

1. Inability to travel to the neighbouring countries 2. The interruption of remittances from some expatriates. 3. Some of them were fired from their jobs 4. Economic recession.

The Appropriate Needs and Interventions When targeted people were asked about the interventions required to address food shortages in these areas,

about 84% of them assured that they are in need for food baskets. The highest percentage was in (Aden and Lahij and Al bayda), but in terms of cash assistance, the percentage has reached about 12% of the total affected areas, and the highest percentages were in the provinces of Socotra, Abyan, Hajjah. Yet, other people in Ibb stressed their need for other supplies other than food baskets and cash assistance. A number of suggestions have been made as follows: 1. Food for Work. 2. Capacity-building support. 3. Implementing small income-generating projects. The costs of the food basket for each affected family has been estimated at ($ 90), and the urgent cash assistance for each family has been estimated at ($ 80) in each time. The total costs of food baskets that would be distributed 6 times for a year reached about ($ 465,187,320), while the costs of urgent cash assistance that would be distributed 6 times for a year reached approximately ($ 413,499,840). The following table shows the costs of intervention in the field of food security in each of the targeted provinces.

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter Five || Food Security and Malnutrition Sector

The costs of food

The costs of cash assistance

Number of affected

For a year at a rate of 6

families

times

Ibb

75,215

40,616,100

36,103,200

Abyan

51,834

27,990,360

24,880,320

Al Bayda

30,735

16,596,900

14,752,800

Alhudaydah

63,381

34,225,740

30,422,880

Dhale

22,994

12,416,760

11,037,120

Al Mahrah

5,540

2,991,600

2,659,200

Taiz

310,673

167,763,420

149,123,040

Hajjah

55,870

30,169,800

26,817,600

Hadramout

80,360

43,394,400

38,572,800

Socotra

5,417

2,925,180

2,600,160

Shabwah

22,817

12,321,180

10,952,160

Aden

68,618

37,053,720

32,936,640

Lahij

57,210

30,893,400

27,460,800

Maâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;rib

10,794

5,828,760

5,181,120

Total

861,458

465,187,320

413,499,840

Province

For a year at a rate of 6 times

Table (17): The number of affected families in the field of food security and the costs of the required intervention

The surveyed areas were asked to arrange the relief items according to their importance and the community need. These commodities were (flour, wheat, oil /butter, sugar, rice, pulses). The most important food commodity for the community was flour followed by rice. There is no doubt that these findings are logical; according to our knowledge with the nature of Yemeni society. The most important answers were as follows: 1. Infant milk. 2. Dates and tea. 3. Food supplements such as tuna and eggs. Some people also asked for providing cooking gas, which clearly and indirectly affected the food, where many families have become unable to buy the cooking gas because its price was doubled about three times compared to the previous period (before the recent events).

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter Five || Food Security and Malnutrition Sector

Second: The Field of Malnutrition 1.

Malnutrition Indicators Due to the importance of malnutrition indicators, it has been relied on the nutrition survey data, which was

implemented by the Ministry of Public Health and Population and in collaboration with UNICEF during the year 2015-2014. It is difficult to collect this type of data because it is costly and needs a long time to be conducted. The availability of recent data helped to rely on these indicators. According to the latest studies and surveys, malnutrition indicators were as follows:

80 % 60 % 40 %

58% 2,505,600

20 %

42.90 1,853,280

32% 1,382,400

0% Stunting

Underweight

Underweight babies

15.9% 686,880 Wasting

Figure (3): The Nutrition Situation of Yemeni Children

Interventions Required in the Field of Malnutrition Due to the varying rates of malnutrition in the targeted provinces between acute and moderate, we think that

only provinces that suffer acute malnutrition rate will have intervention through establishing clinics to treat malnutrition cases. These directorates have been identified based on the malnutrition rates of 2015. There will be an Intervention in the directorates whether they are included in the current field survey or not. This intervention will be for an entire year. The following table shows the provinces that will be provided with treatment, and the costs of this intervention.

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter Five || Food Security and Malnutrition Sector

Number of Province

directorates

General malnu- Acute malnutri-

targeted

trition rate

tion rate

Alhudaydah Taiz Hajjah Hadramout Aden Lahij

23 6 20 28 8 9

31.0% 17.4% 20.9% 18.0% 19.2% 17.1%

8.9% 3.3% 3.8% 6.0% 2.5% 1.8%

Total

Acute malnutrition moderate

The costs of intervention *

rate

22.1% 14.1% 17.1% 12.0% 16.7% 15.3%

32,200,000 8,400,000 28,000,000 39,200,000 11,200,000 12,600,000 131,600,000

Table (18): The targeted provinces that will be provided with malnutrition treatment and the costs of intervention

* The costs of the private clinic of malnutrition treatment reach $ 1,400,000 in the directorate for a year.

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter Five || Food Security and Malnutrition Sector

Photos of Food Security and Malnutrition Sector

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter Six || Shelter, Non-Food Items (NFI) and Displaced People Sector

Chapter six Shelter, Non-Food Items NFI) and Displaced( People Sector

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter Six || Shelter, Non-Food Items (NFI) and Displaced People Sector

The required interventions costs in shelter and displaced people sector

Monthly rents

1 2 3 4

49,375,200 $ for a year six times

Building and repairing damaged houses

725,235,000 $

providing home appliances

8,229,200 $

personal toiletry bag

2,896,608 $

5 6

Water filters

2,660,910 $

Social protection activities

2,304,176 $

Total

$790,701,094

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter Six || Shelter, Non-Food Items (NFI) and Displaced People Sector

Introduction United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) report indicates that the number of

displaced people in Yemen has increased since Marsh 2015 by 9% from the statistics recorded on November 2014. The sixth report confirmed that the number of displaced people have reached 2,509,068 pointing out that the number is eight times the number of displaced people in March 2015. According to resources, half million were displaced from Taiz towards rural areas and provinces. The report also pointed out that the displacement rate has been declined in the southern provinces and increased in Northern provinces. 45% of the displaced people fled their homes and return to their original provinces, while 55% of them fled to other provinces, explaining that Taiz, Imran, Hajjah, Sana’a, Abyan are the most affected provinces, where the ratio of displacement from these provinces were 1.5 million, which represents 48% of the total displaced people. The report also confirmed that 30,000 persons were killed or injured. In a report about the humanitarian needs of the Yemenis for 2016, more than 21 million Yemenis, about 82% of the population, are in need of assistance in light of the worsening humanitarian situation as well as years of poverty. The report also stated that ‫‏‬more 7.6 million people are in need of emergency food assistance to stay alive, and warned that the health system is on the verge of collapse, while 14 million people are lacking access to medical services, and nearly 600 medical facilities have been closed. The total number of internally displaced people reached 2.500.000, an increase of eight times compared with the number at the beginning of the conflict. Moreover, according to the report, the economic situation has worsened, where wheat prices have risen by 74%, Petroleum products have doubled to reach 273%, and the prices have risen in some areas to more than 100 times, as in Taiz. More than 1.8 million children were deprived of education, where more than 1000 schools are unable to receive students and 174 of them were completely destroyed. Therefore, it has become necessary to highlight the issues of displaced people in terms of their numbers, geographic and administrative distribution, the type of shelter, and basic needs, and this is what we will seek to explain below.

Damages Caused to the Displaced People and the Shelter Sector With regard to shelter, the targeted people were asked about the type of shelter they are residing in, and their

answers confirmed the following: 1. A separate house or apartment, 44.4% 2. Partially damaged houses, 24.2% 3. Tents or temporary shelter 22.9% 4. Buildings used as collective shelters 2%. This priority will vary according to the provinces. Their answers were centered in (shops, caves, small backyard, and rooms inside the courtyards, in the open and ruined houses).

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter Six || Shelter, Non-Food Items (NFI) and Displaced People Sector

Photos of Shelter and Displaced People Sector

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter Six || Shelter, Non-Food Items (NFI) and Displaced People Sector

The targeted people in the affected areas were asked about the most important problems relating to shelter. The following figure shows their answers.

40 30

35.1

30.8

20 10

13.5

11.5

9.1

0 Small/ narrow/ overcrowded house

Demolished houses

The place is not a shelter

There is a shortage in the appliances

Houses are located in dangerous places

Figure (4): The problems related to shelter in the affected provinces

The affected people were asked about the shelter of the displaced people and the highest ratio was the houses of relatives and friends (88%), in the rented houses (63%), in schools and government buildings (37%) and in dispersed population groups (34%).

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter Six || Shelter, Non-Food Items (NFI) and Displaced People Sector

In school Governorate

/ government building

In the homes of rela-

In tents

tives and

In the

Rented

Planned

open

homes

camps

Random camps / informal

dispersed population groups

Ibb

26.5%

friends 94.5%

Abyan

75.0%

94.1%

23.5%

7.7%

93.8%

0.0

20.0%

27.3%

Al Bayda

10.7%

85.7%

3.8%

11.5%

51.9%

0.0

7.7%

12.0%

Al Hudaydah

5.0%

87.5%

0.0

5.0%

79.2%

0.0

20.0%

55.0%

Dhale

81.8%

100.0%

50.0%

100.0%

0.0

50.0%

Al Mahrah

0.0

66.7%

0.0

66.7%

0.0

Taiz

60.0%

98.4%

15.4%

37.8%

75.5%

2.8%

22.5%

58.1%

Hajjah

8.7%

70.4%

38.5%

66.7%

28.0%

0.0

37.0%

53.8%

Hadhramaut

51.3%

79.1%

20.0%

30.8%

15.4%

2.6%

12.8%

33.3%

Socotra

0.0

30.0%

20.0%

10.0%

0.0

10.0%

Shabwah

50.0%

100.0%

11.1%

0.0

50.0%

0.0

11.1%

0.0

Aden

6.9%

83.3%

0.0

83.3%

0.0

6.9%

Lahij

54.5%

100.0%

0.0

9.1%

50.0%

0.0

20.0%

Maâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;rib

80.0%

100.0%

75.0%

100.0%

0.0

100.0%

average

37.3%

88.4%

15.5%

22.7%

62.3%

1.6%

15.1%

34.3%

8.6%

5.9%

71.7%

5.7%

2.9%

33.3%

* Table (19): The relative distribution of the displaced people shelter

* The question allows multiple answers and this means that the total in the columns is not necessarily equal to 100%

The Appropriate Needs and Interventions More than 82292 families have fled their homes, where the highest rate of displaced people was in Taiz, Ibb,

Hadramout and Abyan (18%, 15%, 12%,10% respectively) Given to the ongoing movements of the displaced persons and instability, so the number is increasing and decreasing according to the position of displaced families and the current situations. This accounts for the difference in figures between human organizations clusters of the UN and our field survey.

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter Six || Shelter, Non-Food Items (NFI) and Displaced People Sector

The number of displaced Governorate

families (from the clusters)

The number of displaced families (Through surveys)

The cost of water filters *

The cost of

Household

personal

Monthly

items

toiletry bag

rents ***

***

Social protection activities

Ibb

23,311

12,406

779,160

831,104

7,443,600

1,240,600

347,368

Abyan

30,068

2,050

242,400

258,560

1,230,000

205,000

57,400

Al Bayda

24,046

3,718

41,610

45,344

2,230,800

371,800

104,104

Al Hudaydah

6,394

2,807

19,500

20,800

1,684,200

280,700

78,596

Dhale

27,397

2,449

63,660

66,304

1,469,400

244,900

68,572

Al Mahrah

480

512

9,600

Taiz

45,654

34,151

624,060

696,192

20,490,600

3,415,100

956,228

Hajjah

46,245

6,313

453,390

483,616

3,787,800

631,300

176,764

Hadramout

17,814

2,555

17,940

40,512

1,533,000

255,500

71,540

Socotra

1,117

19,500

20,800

670,200

111,700

31,276

Shabwah

7,443

447

7,500

268,200

44,700

12,516

Aden

59,035

3,255

244,110

276,064

1,953,000

325,500

91,140

Lahij

7,416

2,774

600

1,664,400

277,400

77,672

Marib

8,216

8,234

147,000

156,800

4,940,400

823,400

230,552

Total

303,056

82,292

2,660,910

2,896,608

49,375,200

8,229,200

1,600

448

2,304,176

Table (20): The number of displaced people who deserve water filters and personal toiletry bag and their cost

* 30$ per filter ** 32$ per personal toiletry bag. *** 100% for monthly rent and the intervention will be for a year at a rate of 6 times. **** 100$ for household items. ***** 40% for social protection activities per capita. Knowing that these figures represent only the number of displaced people in areas affected by military events or floods, despite the existence of displaced people in the scope of the districts, but they are not within the scope of the study and not covered by the survey. The official authorities and public bodies were asked about the damages suffered by shelter sector. The following table shows the number and the cost of intervention in this sector. Table (6/3) shows the number and the cost of the affected houses in the targeted areas. The results in the targeted areas have shown that the total number of totally affected houses was (9.095) at a cost of (227,375,000 $), while the total number of partially affected houses was (49.786) at a cost of ($ 366 013 905).

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter Six || Shelter, Non-Food Items (NFI) and Displaced People Sector

Governorate

completely damaged

cost

Partially damaged

Cost **

Ibb

1,950,000

205

2,050,000

Abyan

1825

45,625,000

10340

103,400,000

Al Bayda

1,725,000

198

1,980,000

Al Hudaydah

625,000

Dhale

1,750,000

1260

12,600,000

Al Mahrah

112

2,800,000

692

6,920,000

Taiz

5250

131,250,000

29750

297,500,000

Hajjah

1,600,000

165

1,650,000

Hadhramaut

1,300,000

295

2,950,000

Socotra

221

5,525,000

309

3,090,000

Shabwa

537

13,425,000

790

7,900,000

Aden

175

4,375,000

995

9,950,000

Lahij

382

9,550,000

3837

38,370,000

Marib

235

5,875,000

950

9,500,000

Total

9095

227,375,000

49786

497,860,000

Table (21): The number and the cost of the damaged houses in terms of the scale of damage and the governorates

* $ 25,000 per totally affected house. ** $ 10,000 per partially affected house.

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter Six || Shelter, Non-Food Items (NFI) and Displaced People Sector

The targeted people in the affected areas were asked about the most important needs for shelter and for the displaced people. their answers confirmed the following: 1. Providing shelter. 2. Providing basic household items 3. Providing additional shelters. 4. Removing the shelter to a suitable place . 5. Providing the skills required for repairing or constructing the camps. These priorities would certainly be different for different governorates Other answers related to shelter and the most important needs had been received from the targeted people and were focused on (providing water to houses, hiring homes, providing mobile homes, reasonable shelter, in-kind assistance for the displaced people, building shelters for displaced families and getting the displaced families out from the schools. Some answers about the basic needs of the displaced people had been received in the collective and individual interviews, the most important of which were as follows • Providing adequate food for all displaced families and poor families from the host country. • Providing fixed psychiatric clinics for large groupings of displaced persons, and a mobile clinic for loose groupings, ensuring drugs for the injured. • Providing adequate shelter for the displaced families. • Providing building materials. • Rehabilitating and training community members in professional and vocational field to reduce unemployment. • Establishing revenue-generating projects for the displaced, and priority will be given to persons with special needs • Providing clothing for the displaced families, especially for women and children. • Launching awareness campaigns about gender violence, child labor risks, rights and duties. • Finding new markets to reduce unemployment.

The Report of the Multi-Sector Survey to Assess Damages Caused by the Current Crisis in Yemen

Chapter Six || Shelter, Non-Food Items (NFI) and Displaced People Sector

Photos of some damages in the shelter and displaced sector