FANTASTIC INTEGRATIVE BUILDING MODELING | FINAL PROJECT ABRAHAM GUTIERREZ | FALL 2013
CODE + SITE ANALYSIS n
TEMPERATURE DIAGRAM
00 05
business group:
B
zoning category:
CB - 2
Jan
10
v
15
No
20
parking:
avg. body temperature
25 30
OFFICE : 1 space per 350 sq. ft. COMMERCIAL : 1 space per 400 sq. ft. up to 30,000 sq. ft. If over, an additional 1 per 800 sq. ft. Each parking spot must be at minimum of 250 sq. ft. Handicap accessible spots should be a minimum of 500 sq. ft.
high - low temperature range
35 40
Oct
50 55
avg. ground temperature
e
0
avg. temperature
EXITS: If 1 - 500 occupants, a minimum of 2 exits per story. If 500 - 1000 occupants, a minimum of 3 exits per story. If more than 1000 occupants, a minimum of 4 exits per story.
rear yard requirements:
None
side yard requirements:
None
projections into required yards: The following can project 2 ft. into the setback: less than or equal to 12 ft. The following can project 4 ft. into the setback:
45 0%
average humidity
If there is a patio, the front setback can be less than 25 ft. If there is a garage, the front setback is 20 ft.
s
B
ay
exceptions:
avg. room temperature 50
M
minimum wind speed
On corner lots, the front setback is right at the edge of the property line, but can’t be further than the setback established by adjacent lots.
55
g
average wind speed
No less than the average setback established by developement on the adjacent lots.
July
front yard setback:
Au
maximum wind speed
Any lot line along a dedicated street (not an alley) is a front yard.
April
Sept
w
June
The means of egress shall have a ceiling height of nothing less than 7 ft. 6 in. Door width should not be less than 32 inches. Walking surfaces shall be slip-resistant and securely attached. The path of egress should not be interrupted by any building element. Exit stairways should have a clear width of 48 inches between handrails. Stairways with occupancy less than 50 shall not be less than 36 inches. Each area of refuge should have a wheelchair space of 30 x 48 in. for each 200 occupants.
Mar
45
means of egress:
front yard:
Dec
b Fe
100%
Project Site Commercial Facilities Green Space Parking Lots Public Transportation
Awnings, canopies, chimneys, sills, eaves, belt courses, comices, bay windows with a gross floor area of Stairways, unenclosed fire escapes, porch overhangs and/or balconies (covered or uncovered).
MAIN STREET
lot requirements: LOT AREA = no requirements LOT COVERAGE = no requirements LOT WIDTH = no requirements
height limits:
None
floor area requirements:
None
vision clearance: FRONT YARDS: In a front yard, there is a limit to the height of walls, fences, and other structures. No structure should be higher than a line extending from a point 2.5 ft. above natural ground level at the front lot line to a point 4.5 ft. high at a depth of 25 ft. from the front lot line.
landscape requirements: At least 90% of required front yard (not including driveways and paved curb returns) up to a minimum of 10% of the total developed lot area should be landscaped and permanently maintained. INTERIOR COURTYARDS: Not included in required landscaping. Buildings with zero front and side setbacks are not required to have on-site landscaping. EXCEPTION: When a structure with zero setback has adjacent parking. 10% of the parking area must be landscaped. The parkway areas of adjacent rights-of-way (not including driveways and paved curb returns) should be landscaped and permanently maintained. Off-street parking that is immediately next to any street should be screened from the street by a 2.5 ft. solid fence. The fencing should be set back no more than 6 ft. The area between the fence and the property line (if any) must be landscaped and permanently maintained. All required landscaping must be visible from the public right-of-way and placed for maximum enhancement of the property and the Broadway Corridor. Hard surface materials can only be brick, stone, and modular pavers. Landscaping cannot include the use of concrete or asphalt (whether smooth, pattern, colored, or containing large aggregate). Landscaping that is within the visibility triangle of a corner lot should be in compliance with the vision clearance standards. CORNER LOTS: On a corner lot, the max height is 2 ft. for trees, shrubs, plants, signs, or any other structure that obstructs view. The 2 ft. height is measured from top of the curb of the adjacent street that is within the intersection visibility triangle. INTERSECTION VISABILITY TRIANGLE: A triangle sight area at all intersections. Includes the portion of public right-of-way and any corner lot within a triangle formed by a diagonal line extending through points on the 2 property lines 25 ft. from the street corner intersection of the property lines (or the point of intersection of the property lines extended) and intersecting the curb lines. PARKWAYS: In a parkway there is a 3 ft. limit to the height of shrubs, plants (excluding trees), signs or any such structure that obstructs view. The 3 ft. is measured from the top of the curb of the adjacent street in the parkway area. EXCEPTION: Trees may be in parkway area. If a tree’s trunk diameter is greater than 2 ft. measured at 3 ft. above ground level, the tree should be trimmed. The trimming should be done so that no foliage is less than 6 ft. above the top of the curb of the adjacent street. EXCEPTION: No evergreen or coniferous species of tree shall be allowed in the parkway.
B
BROADWAY B
B
B
B
TEXAS AVENUE
SARAH ARMANOVS / SERGIO CABELLO / ABRAHAM GUTIERREZ
WIND SPEED AND HUMIDITY
SARAH ARMANOVS / SERGIO CABELLO / ABRAHAM GUTIERREZ
MASS MODEL STUDIES commercial space
commercial space
commercial space
commercial space
lobby, loading, mail space
lobby, loading, mail space
lobby, loading, mail space
lobby, loading, mail space
office space
office space
office space
office space
PLAN VIEW
PLAN VIEW
PLAN VIEW
PLAN VIEW
PERSPECTIVE
PERSPECTIVE
PERSPECTIVE
PERSPECTIVE
Sarah Armanovs
Abraham Gutierrez
Sergio Cabello
Carlos Pantoja
The mass model has crevices on all sides to allow for natural ventilation of the building. These crevices also let in natural light throughout the building. Courtyards are formed on all sides of the building. However, no courtyards exist on the south side to avoid direct sun.
Parking is located on the lower South side of the building with offices and living spaces being located above the parking on the South side and extending alond the West side. Commercial spaces are located on the ground level, opposite the parking area and a green space/roof garden is located above the commercail space. The lobby faces North and is an open space from the ground floor to the top of the building for uninterrupted view to the high rise across the street. This open area also provides natural daylighting for the entire building.
The shape of the building allows for more natural lighting during the day and natural ventilation. Most of the wind in Lubbock, during the summer, usually comes from the SouthEast which will go through the building. During winter, the wind is more frequent from the west side which the building blocks off. The open space on the ground floor will allow for vehicular circulation as well as pedestrian. This will help the commercial spaces that are also located on the ground floor.
The mass model is oriented to face north, allowing the maximum amount of natural daylight on that side. A courtyard is created on the north side that blocks strong winds from the south while allowing for air to move naturally throughout the space. The resulting courtyard responds to the climate while inviting pedestrians to visit.
DPROFILER MASSES + ENERGY ANALYSIS Model 2
Model 3
Model 4
SARAH ARMANOVS / SERGIO CABELLO / ABRAHAM GUTIERREZ
Model 1
The core of the building is located towards the middle so that vertical circulation is easily accessible between the different levels and different program spaces. The building is clad in glass and brick, depending on where views outside are desired.
The cladding was placed to utilized the maximum amount of natural sunlight throughout the day. The service core is placed at the entrance to guide pedestrian traffic the the proper location up entering.
The building is placed along the north and west boundaries of the site and steps down to the ground floor by floor resulting in exterior roof terraces for people to access. There is also a seperation of mass of the first few floors. This is to provide a physical buffer from Office Space to Retail Space while also providing a light tunnel from the southeast corner of the sight to the northwest corner. The cladding placed on the southeast side of the building is mostly precast and glazing to provide the most daylight. Along the North side are more ribbon windows and along the west side the cladding is a random assortment of glazing and metal panels.
The building is designed to maximize the amount of natural light while taking into consideration the excessive amount of light entering through the East and West faรงade. Its shape is able to create a pocket of air that allows for the building to cool off naturally at the core. There are two cores which are the most suitable for the circulation regarding ADA regulations.
SARAH ARMANOVS / SERGIO CABELLO / ABRAHAM GUTIERREZ
CHOSEN DPROFILER MODEL
Northwest View
Southeast View
Northeast View
Plan View
We chose this buidling design because of the asthetic design and the exterior spaces created by the terracing of the building. The cost analysis also showed that the building was an economical choice as it was not the most expensive of the group. The orientation of the building design takes advantage of the major circulation occuring on the adjecent streets. The building itself is a pathway as it allows circulation to go through it into an exterior courtyard.
Net Present Value Over 15 Years Initial Mechanical System Cost: First Year's Electricity Cost: First Year's Natural Gas Cost: Net Present Value:
$550,772.05 $15,183.00 $5,433.00 $860,012.05
Analysis Summary Peak Building Load: Peak Electrical Load: Electricity Use: Natural Gas Use:
132 Tons 268KW 11.43kWh / SF 16.71 kBtu / SF
265.34 SF / Ton 7.65W / SF $0.0379 / Unit $0.9283 / Unit
Monthly Utility Consumption by End Use
Annual Utility Consumption by End Use
SARAH ARMANOVS / SERGIO CABELLO / ABRAHAM GUTIERREZ
BASEMENT PLAN
SARAH ARMANOVS / SERGIO CABELLO / ABRAHAM GUTIERREZ
1st FLOOR PLAN
SARAH ARMANOVS / SERGIO CABELLO / ABRAHAM GUTIERREZ
FLOOR PLANS
2nd STORY 3rd STORY
4th STORY 5th STORY
CORE DETAIL PLAN 17'-4" 1'
5'-10"
2' 3'-1/4"
9 1/2"10"
2'-11 1/2"
8'
6'-3 1/2"
vertical ventilation shaft electrical closet
8'
44'-1 1/4"
8'-3"
2'-8"
6 1/2"
26'-3 1/4"
male restroom
janitor closet
female restroom
3'-2 1/2"
2'-7"
4 1/4" 8"
8'-6"
stairwell
6"
9'-4"
7'-9 3/4"
SARAH ARMANOVS / SERGIO CABELLO / ABRAHAM GUTIERREZ
6"
10'-8 1/4"
elevator
SARAH ARMANOVS / SERGIO CABELLO / ABRAHAM GUTIERREZ
STRUCTURAL SYSTEM OCCUPANCY GROUP: b-business
12" x 12" cast in place columns
CONSTRUCTION TYPE: II
reinforced precast concrete panels
3 hour non combustible sprinkled
STRUCTURAL SYSTEM AND CONSTRUCTION TYPE
The design is made of a concrete column and slab system. The module is roughly 15 feet by 15 feet, but is slightly irregular as it follows the angled footprint of the building. The longest span of the concrete slab is 21 feet. The glass curtain walls span from slab to slab, and are placed in front of the structural columns.
15'-4"
reinforced concrete elevator shaft 1'
14'
ESTIMATED SIZE OF MEMBERS
The estimated sizes of the components used are 12” x 12” columns and a slab of 12.”
1'
14'
FIRE RESITANCE STRATEGY
The building is 3-hour fire rated. The concrete column and slab system helps to achieve this. On each floor of the building has two fire egress stairs. Each stair is located as far apart from the other in opposite corners of the building. The walls of the stairs are fire rated for 3 hours and built with 5 inch precast concrete panels. The doors to the stairwells are metal exterior doors with a small glass window. The entire assembly of the door is rated for 3 hours. Though the elevator would not be used in the event of a fire, the elevator walls are made of 3 hour fire rated glass. Each floor is designed to have fire sprinklers.
hole in floor slab for plumbing wall shaft
1' 14'
hole in floor slab for vertical MEP shaft
1'
14'
12" cast in place concrete flat slab 1' structural concrete walls in basement
15' 10' 8' 14' 14' 14' 15'-4"
1'
1'
1'
10'
1' 80'-4"
site
MECHANICAL SYSTEM
SARAH ARMANOVS / SERGIO CABELLO / ABRAHAM GUTIERREZ
MECHANICAL ZONES
SIZE OF MEMBERS Cooling Tower: 15’ x 7‘ Supply duct, branch: 2’ x 1‘ Supply diffuser: 2’ x 2‘ Supply duct, main: 3’ x 3’ Return duct: 3’ x 3’ Return branch duct: 2’ x 1‘ Return grille: 2’ x 2‘ Exhaust louvre: 3’ x 8‘ Heating coil: 5’ x 1’ Cooling coil: 5‘ x 1’ Fan: 5‘ x 5’ Boiler: 5’ diameter, 7’ height pipes to coil: 3” diameter chimney: 2’ x 2‘ combustion air vent: 3’ x 2’ Chiller: 6’-3“ x 11’-6” pipes to coil: 5” diameter water pipes to cooling tower: 8.5” diameter Fresh air louvre: 3’ x 8’
The building is divided into three different zones for seperate heating and cooling needs. The office and retail spaces require similar heating and cooling needs. However, the two spaces have been split into two different mechanical zones because of the different hours of the day they are occupied. The retail space is located on the bottom two floors of the left wing of the building. This zone has to potential to be occupied roughly 14 hours a day. The office spaces are located on the 3nd and 4rd floor. They are occupied about 9 hours a day. The studio living spaces are located on the 5th floor. Their mechanical zone has been established to accomodate 24-hour occupancy.
HEATING/COOLING SYSTEM
A variable air volume (VAV) system was chosen to provide comfort for the occuopants of the mixed-use building. Such a system allows for a high degree of local temperature control, which can meet the needs of both residents and workers in the buildng. Furthermore, a VAV system is economical to install and to use. The VAV system in the building is divided into two seperate parts. This allows for a more efficient distribution of air, thus decreasing operating costs.
MAJOR MECHANICAL SPACES
The basement and roof of the building are where the major mechanical spaces for the VAV system are located. A mechanical shaft connects the basement to the roof. In the basement, there are three major spaces: the fan room, the boiler room, and the chilled water plant. There are no walls to divide the “rooms” in order to allow for the space in the basement to be used most efficiently. A fan pulls fresh air into the supply duct. The supply duct then runs through a heating (winter) and cooling (summer) coil. The heating coil is connected to the hot water boiler, while the cooling coil is connected to the centrifugal chiller. The centrifugal chiller has condenser and chilled water pipes that connect to the cooling tower on the roof. The overall system has been sized for 40,00 s.f. of conditioned space. This number is generous and decreases the operating load on the system.
SARAH ARMANOVS / SERGIO CABELLO / ABRAHAM GUTIERREZ
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
utility switchboard transformer switchboard circuit breaker switchboard metering switchboard horizontal cable ladder vertical cable ladder pad mounted transformer
Veritcal electrical closets are the core of the elctrical system. The closets hold the switchboards, and from the closets cable trays run out and throughout each floor. The electricity is supplied from the city, and the voltage decreased with pad mounted transformer on the exterior of the building. The design of the electrical and telecommunication systems supports the data-intensive requirements for the offices.
SARAH ARMANOVS / SERGIO CABELLO / ABRAHAM GUTIERREZ
PLUMBING SYSTEM Vertical Storage Tank Ventilation, Toilet
8� Standpipe
Ventilation, Sink
Vertical Piping
Sprinkler Heads
-The sprinkler system and the plumbing are both supplied with muninicipal water. The sprinkler system pumps city water up into a storage tank on the roof. The plumbing system directly uses the water for toilets and sinks. A hot water heater heats up water for the sinks. The waste from the toilets goes down a direct vertical pipe and is pumped out to the city sewage disposal system.
Sewage Pipe Hot Water Hot Water Heater Cold Water Sewage Pump
SARAH ARMANOVS / SERGIO CABELLO / ABRAHAM GUTIERREZ
ENERGY ANALYSIS
Energy Performance Evaluation
Energy Performance Evaluation
[Project Number] [Project Name]
[Project Number] [Project Name]
Key Values General Project Data Project Name: City Location: Climate Data Source: Evaluation Date: Building Geometry Data Gross Floor Area: Treated Floor Area: External Envelope Area: Ventilated Volume: Glazing Ratio:
Heat Transfer Coefficients Building Shell Average: Floors: USA_TX_Fo...6_TMY2.epw External: 11/26/2013 1:45:31 AM Underground: Openings: F4 [archbim-armanovs]
365.95 330.80 677.26 4631.18 0
sq ft sq ft sq ft cu ft %
Building Shell Performance Data Infiltration at 50Pa: 1.90 Outer Heat Capacity: 65.16*10^-4
ACH Btu/sq ft,F
Specific Annual Demands Net Heating Energy: Net Cooling Energy: Total Net Energy: Energy Consumption: Fuel Consumption: Primary Energy: Fuel Cost: CO2 Emission:
U value 0.32 0.59 - 0.59 0.06 - 0.73 ---
[Btu/sq ft,F,hr]
8.00 395.37 403.37 604.08 604.08 1774.17 72.07 132.16
kBtu/sq fta kBtu/sq fta kBtu/sq fta kBtu/sq fta kBtu/sq fta kBtu/sq fta USD/sq fta lb/sq fta
Energy Cost 3
[%]
[%] 94
95
95
97
Energy Consumption by Targets Energy
Energy
Fossil Secondary
Source Name Oil Electricity
Total: Energy Quantity 3
Heating Service Hot-Water Heating Cooling Ventilation Fans Lighting Equipment
2
Energy Consumption by Sources Source Type
Energy Targets
CO2 Emission 5
CO2 Emission Quantity
Primary
Cost
kBtu/a
kBtu/a
USD/a
6628 193200
7290 579600
192 6794
1284 26963
199828
586891
6986
28247*
CO2
Target Name
Quantity
Primary
Cost
Emission
kBtu/a
kBtu/a
USD/a
lb/a
Heating Cooling Service Hot-Water Ventilation Fans Lighting & Appliances
lb/a
Total:
2645 189566 4066 79 3470
2909 568699 4631 238 10412
76 6666 118 2 122
512 26455 783 11 484
199828
586891
6986
28247
Primary Energy
Energy Quantity 22
Primary Energy 2
2 [%]
[%]
95
97
97
2 [%]
95
97
95
97
99
Quantity by Source: Primary by Source: [kBtu/a]0
[%]
199828
586891
Quantity by Target: Primary by Target: [kBtu/a]0
199828
586891
SARAH ARMANOVS / SERGIO CABELLO / ABRAHAM GUTIERREZ
ENERGY ANALYSIS
Energy Performance Evaluation [Project Number] [Project Name] Energy Cost 22
Energy Sources
CO2 Emission 3 22
Fossil Oil Secondary Electricity
32 [%]
[%]
95
94
95
93
Project Energy Balance Lighting and Equipment
Supplied Energy per Month
3470.8 kBtu/a
2109.0
Human Heat Gain 3951.4 kBtu/a
1500
Service Hot-Water Heating 4066.3 kBtu/a
1000
Heating
2645.3 kBtu/a
500 Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug Sep
Oct
Nov Dec
Transmission
3821.4 kBtu/a
0 [kBtu] 0
Transmission
4621.7 MBtu/a
Infiltration
1086.6 MBtu/a
Ventilation
895.6 MBtu/a
Sewage
3982.7 MBtu/a
Cooling
Emitted Energy per Month
130789.2 MBtu/a
Thermal Blocks Zones Assigned 1 2
Thermal Block 003 uncondi 004 cond
3
Total:
Operation Profile Unconditioned Library (open stac...
Gross Floor Area sq ft 67.87 298.08
Volume cu ft 759.32 3871.86
365.95
4631.18
Environmental Impact Source Type Fossil Secondary
Source Name Oil Electricity
Total:
Primary Energy kBtu/a 7290 579600
CO2 emission lb/a 582 12230
586891
12812