Division iv forest plantation by BAKARI R. KACHEUKA ( +255 676510464 )

United Republic of Tanzania MINISTRY OF NATURAL RESOURCES AND TOURISM TANZANIA FORESTRY SERVICES AGENCY

UGUST

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APPROVAL AND DISTRIBUTION This Management plan for Sao Hill - Division IV (Mgololo) Forest Plantation has been prepared and compiled by Plantation manager and approved by the Chief Executive of Tanzania Forest Services. (TFS)

Prepared by; WILLIAM MIC DAFFA Division Manager â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Division IV (Mgololo) Approved by; MR. JUMA S.MGOO Chief Executive (TFS) Approving date: August 2013

Signature..........................

Distribution of copies The plantation Manager shall produce at least 19 copies of the approved plan, which shall be distributed as follows; - Plantation Manager (2) - Divisional Manager (2) - Director of Forestry and Beekeeping (10) - Forestry training institute Olmotonyi (1) - Forestry Industries Training Institute (1) - Sokoine University of Agriculture (1) - TAFORI (1) - TTSA (1)

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ABSTRACT This plan describes the management objectives of Sao Hill Division IV Forest Plantation for the period of five years from 2013/14 to 2017/18. The goals of this management plan are: to ensure sustainable supply of raw materials to forest based industries and other users; and to ensure that protective functions of forests are observed all over the area under the plantation management thereby conserving water sources, enhancing ecosystem stability and biodiversity conservation. In order to achieve these goals during the planed period replanting of open areas will be done, carry out different tending operations, protect the forest against various damages, and also regulate harvesting to conform to approved felling schedules. Furthermore riverines will be left undisturbed during forest resources harvesting activities for about 50m on both sides. The forest plantation will also ensure protection of natural forests and biodiversity. The other conservation activities include protection against cultivation on steep slopes and on water sources. The development of this plan was guided by existing policies and laws, ecological and socio-economic studies conducted inside and outside the plantation, information from existing documents/ files and personal communications with key stakeholders. Data for this plan was collected by the Forest Inventory Section in collaboration with Sao Hill Division IV Forest Management. Field work took place in May 2013; this data provided information for determination of standing and allowable volume. The standing volume was 529,978.28 mÂł. The age class distribution of the plantation is uneven meaning that the forest is not normal. Therefore the objective of this plan is to regulate the forest to attain normal forest. In order to have a normal forest, harvesting will not exceed allowable cut. In this forest allowable cut has been estimated to be 52,438m3/year. During the planning period the main species to be planted at Sao Hill Division IV Forest Plantations includes Pinus patula,P.caribea,P.kesiya Eucalyptus Spp. The choice of species is based on performance and demand. Land preparation will be done by Casual labourers and permanent staff. Planting will be done during the high rains season (January - March). Planting targets for the planning period is 401.87ha for replanting, 6000hafor planting in new extension areas and beating up 1921ha. A total of 14 compartments will be planted in the plan period. Weeding in plantations will be done in all young compartments, by using casual laboures and permanent staff. Pruning will be done at the age of 4, 6 and 8 years during dry season to reduce the chances of fungal and insect attack through wounds. First thinning at 10 yrs and second at 15yrs will be done for stands that were established with a spacing of 3m x 3m. For stands that were established with a spacing of 2.5m x 2.5m, there will be three thinning regimes, which are first at 10yrs, second at 14yrs and third at 18yrs. The methods to be used for thinning will be selective. Trees to be removed will be marked before harvesting. During the planning period there will be a construction of 50km of new access road at the extension area. In the same period the plantation will maintain about 343km of forest roads. The intention is to maintain all the roads to make the plantation accessible whenever possible. There will be a construction of 11 buildings in the Plantation. One buildings will be constructed during the period of 2014/15, Two buildings 2015/16, Two Buildings 2015/216, Two Buildings 2016/217 and Four buildings 2017/18. At the same time maintenance of the 15 buildings will be done throughout the plan period. ii Â

During the plan period 4 vehicle and 5 motor cycles will be procured for different plantation activities. 5 motorcycle will be procured in year 2014/15 while one vehicle will be procured each year of management plan. A total of 3 vehicle, 1 plants and 1 motor cycles will be maintained. Replacement of unserviceable tools and equipment will be done during the plan period. Taped water from rivers will continue to supply water for both domestic and nursery use. The system to be used under the plan period will be water flows by gravity to the main tank located at high elevation at the station through pipelines, and flows to the nursery and to the staff houses. The plantation manager will strive to cover the staff deficit of four staff. Recruitments of temporary staff will be initiated by the Forest Manager whenever need arises. In the planning period, 62 staff will be trained through short courses/on job training in order to improve their working capacities. The long-term training programmes will be financed by the TFS. The aim is to ensure that all staff are competent in their working areas. Within the tentative period, we will generate a total amount of Tshs 12,873,534,381 from clear felled compartments and other sources (ie. LMDA and Royalty)The sources of revenues will be from the sales of tree standing volumes, poles, pulp wood, fines, and other minor forest products. Staff salaries will continue to be paid by the TFS. During the plan period, the plantation will be protected from fire, diseases and pests. Natural forests that cover 2080 ha will be protected and conserved for their biodiversity and water catchment values During the management plan period, the plantation will spend a total amount of TSh. 11,439,516,362 for implementing planned operations as detailed in Tables 26

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The management of Sao Hill Division Four Forest Plantation would like to take this opportunity to thank Tanzania Forest Services (TFS) to approve the budget that enabled the inventory exercise to be carried out smoothly. I express my sincere thanks to Inventory teams for their dedication to carry out these tasks. I also appreciate the contribution provided by the Department of Forest Mensuration and Management, Faculty of Forestry and Nature Conservation (FoNC) of the Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA) in terms of data analysis and guidance for preparation of this plan. Last but not least I express gratitude to the staff of Sao Hill Division IV Forest Plantation specifically the Management Team for their cooperation and team work in preparation of this Five Years Management Plan (2013/14 - 2017/18).

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Table of contents APPROVAL AND DISTRIBUTION

Distribution of copies

LIST OF TABLE

LIST OF FIGURES

LIST OF PLATES

LIST OF APPENDICES

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CHAPTER

xiv

CHAPTER ONE

DESCRIPTION OF THE FOREST PLANTATION

1.1. LOCATION

1.2. HISTORY AND PROGRESS OF THE PLANTATION

1.2.1 History

1.2.2. Progress of the Plantation for the last Management Plan

1.3 LAND

1.3.1. Area

1.3.2. Topography and hydrology

1.3.3. Geology and Soils

1.3.4. Vegetation

1.3.5. Biodiversity Potentials

1.3.6. Special feature and Sites

1.4. CLIMATE

1.4.1 Rainfall Distribution and Reliability

1.4.2. Temperature

1.4.3. Wind

1.5. GROWING STOCK

1.5.1 Forest inventory

1.5.2 Inventory Results

1.5.4 Current Annual Increment (CAI)

1.6

Utilization

1.6.1 Markets

1.7

Protection and conservation

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1.8

Capital investments

1.7.2. Buildings

1.8.3 Plants and equipment

1.7.4. Communication facilities

1.7.5. Water Supply

1.8. ADMINISTRATION

1.8.1. Organization

1.8.2. Manning levels

1.9. SOCIAL SERVICES

1.9.1. Education

1.9.2 Health

1.9.3 Religion

1.9.4. Power supply

1.9.5. Social facilities and entertainment

CHAPTER TWO

2.0

DIRECTIVES

2.1

Overall goal

2.1.1 Wood production

2.1.2 Conservation

2.2

Specific Objectives

2.2.1 Silviculture

2.2.2 Capital investments

2.2.3 Human resources

2.2.4 Revenue generation

2.2.5 Utilization

2.2.6 Protection and conservation

2.2.7 Resource assessment

2.3

Strategic Targets

2.3.1 Silviculture

2.3.1.1 Species

2.3.1.2 Planting Area

2.3.1.3 Nursery operations

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2.3.1.4 Tending operations

2.3.1.4.1 Thinning

2.3.1.4.2 Pruning

2.4. CAPITAL INVESTMENTS

2.4.1 Roads

2.4.2 Buildings

2.4.3 Communication facility

2.4.4 Vehicles, plants and equipments

2.4.5. Water supply

2.4.6. Health and social facilities

2.5 HUMAN RESOURCES

2.5.1 Manning levels

2.5.2 Training needs

2.6 REVENUE GENERATION

2.7 PROTECTION AND CONSERVATION

2.7.1 Forest fires

2.7.2. Man and domestic animals

2.7.3 Wild animals

2.8

Resource Assessment

2.8.1 Survey and mapping

2.8.2 Inventory

2.8.3 Survival Assessment

2.8.4 Assessment for Harvesting

2.9 Research

2.9.1 Research areas/problems for research

2.10

Social economic aspects

CHAPTER

CHAPTER THREE

3.1.1 Nursery Operations

3.1.1.1 Species selection

3.1.1.2 Soil Ingredient

3.1.1.3 Seedling raising techniques

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3.1.1.4 Nursery tending technique

3.1.1.4.1 Watering regime

3.1.1.4.2 Sanitary/health operations

3.1.1.4.3 Pricking out

3.1.1.4.4 Root pruning

3.1.2 Planting

3.1.3 Survival assessment for replanting and beating up.

3.1.4.3 Pruning

3.2 ROADS

3.2.1 Construction

3.2.2 Maintenance

3.3.

BUILDINGS

3.3.1. Construction

3.3 BUILDINGS

3.3.1 Construction

3.3.2 Maintenance

3.4. Plants, vehicles, equipment and tools

3.4.1. Procurement

3.4.2. Maintenance

3.5

Communication facilities

3.6. Water supply

3.6.1. Sources

3.6.2. Supply Systems

3.7. Social and health service

3.8. HUMAN RESOURCES

3.9. REVENUE GENERATION

3.9.1. Sources of Revenues

3.9

Revenue generation

3.9.2 Forecasted total revenues during the planning period

3.9.2 Control of revenues

3.10 Utilization

3.10.1 Harvesting Plans

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3.10.1.1 Clear felling

3.10.2. Sales

3.11

Protection and conservation

3.11.1 Fire Prevention and Control

3.11.2. Control plan for diseases and pests

3.11.3 Soil and Biodiversity

3.11.4 Animal and man damage

3.12

Site restoration

3.12

Resource assessment

CHAPTER 4

CHAPTER 5

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LIST OF TABLE Table 1:

The area planted during the last five-year period.

Table 2:

Standing volume by Age and area

Table 3:

Age class distribution by area by species

Table4 :

Volume by Species

Table 5:

Site Class Distribution by Species

Table 6:

Compartment to be thinned and clearfelled 2013/14 - 2017/18

Table 7:

Status of buildings at Division four (Mgololo)

Table 8:

List of existing vehicles and equipment

Table 9:

Current plantation staff

Table 10: Thinning schedule for Pines

Table 11: Pruning schedule for major plantation (spacing 3 x 3 m) species in Tanzania

Table 12: List of compartments to be planted in planning period

Table 3:

Construction of buildings during plan period in Division Four.

Table 14: Maintanance of buildings during plan period in Division Four.

Table 15:

The vehicles t o be procured in planning year 2013/14-2017/18

Table16:

The vehicle and plants to be maintained during plan period 2013/14-2017/18

Table 17: The forecasted revenue from thinnings and clearfelling during plan period 2013/14-2017/18

Table 18: Allowable cut and forecasted revenue 2013/2014 - 2017/2018

Table 19: Summary of allowable cut for 2013/14 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 2017/18

Table 20: The compartments to be thinned

Table21:

Current Prices for Forest Produce 2013-2014

Table22:

List of costomers and their demand

Table 23: Maintenance and construction of roads

Table24:

Office administration

Table 25: Personal Emolument

Table 26: SUMMARY OF ESTIMATES (TSHS)

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LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Age class by area distribution Division IV (Mgololo) Forest Plantation (2013/14)

LIST OF PLATES Plate 1: Division four forest road

Plate 2: Tree nursery at Kitasengwa- Mgololo

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LIST OF APPENDICES Appendix 1: Fire Plan

Appendix 2: Organisation chart

Appendix 3: Calendar for Annual Nursery Operations–Sao Hill - Division IV (Mgololo) plantation

Appendix 4: Management Plan Forms

Appendix 5: Planted areas (ha) by year and species

Appendix 7: Silvicultural needs for Pines and Eucalypus

Appendix 8: Age class distribution

Appendix 9:Location map

Appendix 11: Site Class

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showing Sao Hill Forest Plantation

INTRODUCTION Tanzania Forest Services (TFS) agency is faced by the challenge of ensuring sustainable management of forest resources for the benefit of present and future generations. Management Plan is one of the most important instruments to achieve sustainable forest management (SFM) practices. The 1998 National Forest Policy statements (1); (6); (18); and (20) and their subsequent directions indicate the need for management of all types of forest reserves based on forest management plans. Furthermore, part III of the forest Act provides legal backing and describes how planning and management can be achieved through Management plans for all types of forests. This document will provide the basis for all Annual Plans of Operations (APO) for the period of five years. This document is divided into four main chapters namely descriptive, directive, and prescriptive, and appendices and each chapter is further divided in subsections. This document describes the Management Plan for Division Four is part of Saohill Forest Plantations in Mufindi District,Iringa Tanzania. The plan will be implemented in the next 5-year management period, 2013/14 to 2017/18.The species in these division that are used for sawlogs, pulp and poles are: i. Hardwoods: Eucalyptus maidenii & Eucalyptus grandis and ii. Softwoods: Pinus patula,Pinus kessiya & Pinus caribea. On the implementation of this Management Plan, the Division Manager shall observe the following;i. ii. iii. iv. v. vi.

read and clearly understand the contents of the plan; carefully make use of all forestry resources i.e land, trees, labour, funds, tools, machines and equipment in the right time and manner so as to obtain maximum achievement of objectives as stipulated herein; choose the shortest effective and efficient methods to achieve maximum targets stipulated in this plan; be prepared to take risks in order to achieve planned objectives; ensure that the best returns (Revenue or Production) against all marketable resources or products are achieved while ensuring environmental conservation; and Organise jobs and weigh the results by giving a close follow up of the planned jobs by keeping up to date information for comparison and control of targets and costs.

This Management Plan is valid for the period of 5 years effective from 1st July 2013 to 30th June 2018. Revision of this plan shall be done six months before expiry of the five years period

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CHAPTER

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CHAPTER ONE DESCRIPTION OF THE FOREST PLANTATION

1.1. LOCATION

The Division four (Mgololo) is one of the four divisions of Sao Hill Forest Plantation which is situated in the Northern Highland part of Tanzania in Mufindi district Iringa region. Division IV forest is located in the lower elevation area of the Mufindi Escarpment and partly in Kilombero District.It lies between grid references 750000 E – 9050000N and 770000E – 9032000N and about altitudes 2000m. a. s. l. on the Eastern and South Eastern side of the division TAZARA Railway line passes. The office is situated about 88Kms from the main office of Sao Hill Forest Plantation, which is about 20 Kms from Mafinga Town.

1.2. HISTORY AND PROGRESS OF THE PLANTATION 1.2.1 History

The Sao Hill Division four Forest Plantation started during the phase II of the World Bank Loan Agreement, which took off since 1980 and ended 1989. That was regarded as aforestation programme of Pine and Eucalyptus to meet the domestic and export demand for paper and to supply round logs, poles and fire woods to the sawmill. From 1980 to date, a total 9622.72 ha of forest plantations have been planted with various species mainly Pines patula, Pines kessiya, P. elliotii, P.caribea, E.grandis, E.maidenii, and mixed species of P.patula/P.kessiya and E.grandis/P.patula

1.2.1.1 Division of the plantation The Division is devided into three administrative ranges namely i/ Kitasengwa This range is devided in several compartments which makes a total of 3418.ha and the main species includes Pines patula, Pines kessiya, P. elliotii, P.caribea, E.grandis & E.maidenii. ii/Luiga range. This range covers a total 19659.9ha of which 11635 ha is extension area not yet planted and 8024.9ha is planted with different species including Pines patula, Pines kessiya,& E.grandis, This range is neither surveyed nor mapped so those operations are to be conducted during this plan period as well to divide it to form new range(Simbi). iii/Magunguli range. This range is located in Magunguli village with a total area of 2571 ha of which 2080 ha is natural vegetation and 491 ha is plantation with Pines patula, Pines kessiya and Ciprus spp

1.2.1.2 Legal Status and Ownership The Forest and the land are owned by the Government of Tanzania, and were gazetted from Mufindi District of Iringa Region under Government Notice No. 102 of 27/8/1982 Mgololo Forest Reserve and Government Notes 450 Mufindi Escapment Forest as shown on the JB 2053 map. Now the forest plantation is under the ownership of Tanzania Forest Services Agency (TFS) which was 1

established by the Government Notice No. 269 of 30th July 2010. The Division is divided into three administrative ranges namely Kitasengwa,Magunguli and Luiga range.Luiga range needs to be surveyed and mapped and to be divided to a new range Range. ( Sao Hill Forest Plantations Management map, Appendix 9) . 1.2.2. Progress of the Plantation for the last Management Plan

The performance of the forest plantation for the last five years was good. During that period the division has succeed to plant a total 6245.22ha in both extension areas and replanting , and also to produce an average of 2,500,000 Seedlings in every year and other several tending operations according to annual plan of operation (APO). Different kind of challenges affected plantation performance. Some of these challenges include inadequate qualified forest staff to execute forest operations according to the APOs.There is also occasional illegal harvest of trees probably due to the vastness of the plantation area as compared to few staff at present; obsolete and inadequate vehicles and machines (plants) for different operations. Table 1: The area planted during the last five-year period. YEAR

AREA PLANTED (HA)

2008/2009

797.08

2009/2010

793.61

2010/2011

1349.32

2011/2012

1938.59

2012/2013

1366.62

TOTAL

6245.22

1.3 LAND 1.3.1. Area

The total area for Sao Hill - Division IV (Mgololo) Forest Plantation is 23,370Ha.which is categorised as follows; Category of Forest Reserve

Area in Ha

Area planted with trees..............................

9,445.81

Area for extension...................................

11,635

Natural vegetation (catchment areas)

2,080.

Area harvested (to be replanted 2013/2014)...............................................

176.91 9622.72

Total plantable area.............................................

The plan is to plant 2000 ha for the year 2013/14 and 1000 ha extension area every year in order to cover the extension area.

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1.3.2. Topography and hydrology

The reserved area including the surrounding area is very broken with steep valleys. Almost every valley bottom consists of swampy grounds portraying streams and rivers flowing out. Average altitude ranges from 2000m.a.s.l over the escarpment to 1200m.a.s.l below the escarpment. At the foot of the escarpment is a strip of easy country beyond which the terrain changes rapidly to folding topography. 1.3.3. Geology and Soils

The soils derive mainly from granites, which are deeply weathered. The soils are moderately acidic, freely drained and markedly compacted near the surface where there is often a very high coarsegrained soil fraction. Top soils, frequently exposed to farm cultivation and are somehow exhausted in humus content. Soil colours range from olive-brown to red-orange. The soil pH varies between 4.5 and 6.5. 1.3.4. Vegetation

The lower elevation (–Mgololo area) below the escarpment is mainly covered by tall grasses principally Loundetia simplex, which grows in warmer areas. The north area of the Mufindi Paper Mill site going-up the escarpment falls into dry sub-humid forest with natural glades. The forest of woodland vegetation is scattered with open grassland composed of Themeda elyonurus and trichoptery species of grass. The Northern Eastern slopes goes down to the Ruaha River are covered with woodland typical of dry sub-humid and dominated by Miombo trees; Isoberlinia and Brachystegia spp, mixed with Euphorbia napaca. 1.3.5. Biodiversity Potentials

The plantation area is rich in biodiversity especially in the river valleys. These sites inhabit different life forms of flora and fauna. Animals like monkeys, squirrels and ‘ndezi’ as well as variety of birds, snakes and insects.

1.3.6. Special feature and Sites

There are some few special features which are within the forest plantation, these features include, land slide which occur mainly along slopes of escarpment and mafinga mgololo public road which passes in the forest

1.4. CLIMATE 1.4.1 Rainfall Distribution and Reliability

The climate is characterized by a long dry season and a bimodal rainfall distribution in Long period (December sometimes January to May) and the Short periods (July). The mean annual rainfall for the Division IV (Mgololo) plantation is about 1,500mm, which ranges from 500mm to 1650mm. The most reliable rains are the long rains; short rains are rather unreliable in most cases. Despite the marked seasonality, there is no distinctive dry period in Sao Hill division IV (Mgololo). The rainfall distribution is uniform throughout the plantation area.

1.4.2. Temperature

The temperature in lower elevation of Mufindi Escarpment is relatively warm compared to the upper parts where temperature is cold in some period of the year. The mid temperature of division ranging from 25 to 28 1.4.3. Wind

The plantation has three common wind patterns; the East Monsoon wind, which prevails from August to October, the West East winds, which prevail from February to March and unidirectional winds prevailing in April to July and November to January. The East Monsoon wind accelerates fire occurrences in the forest. Note. This climatic record described above is collected from mufindi paper mill(MPM) since there The following climatic records and explanation are obtained from Mufindi Paper Mill(MPM) since there is no reliable weather station in Division Four

1.5. GROWING STOCK 1.5 Growing stock The forest growing stock was determined by way of forest inventory and subsequent analyses. The details are provided in the following subsections.

1.5.1 Forest inventory Forest inventory field work started in April to May 2013. This was done by staff from Forest Plantations, Zonal TFS Offices and District forest offices. Inventory methodology was designed and adopted from the first phase of the forest inventory conducted in 2007/08 with some technical modification proposed by Forest Plantation Managers in the Iringa Workshop held in June 2012. The workshop was facilitated by the ForestCalc ® Inventory version 6 © 1998–2012 software developer Lauri Vesa from Finland. The description of this methodology is detailed in the Field Manual prepared by the Forest and Beekeeping Division (URT, 2008). 1.5.2

Inventory Results

Division IV of Sao Hill Forest Plantation has a total standing volume of 529,978.28m3. However, a large volume which constitutes 71% (Table 2) is a young stands range from 0 – 5 years. This implies that large volume of the plantation is from young stands.

Table 2: Standing volume by Age and area Age (yrs)

Area (ha)

Volume (m3)

%Age

0-5

6,792.95

22,293.18

6−10

1,452.20

169,188.10

11−15

211.78

35720

16−20

106.75

28,894.00

21−25

815.37

147,505.00

26+

243.68

126,378.00

Total

9,622.73

529,978.28

100

Specieswise, Pinus patula is dominating the plantation with a volume of 263,002.m3 which is 49.4% of the total standing volume of the plantation. Table 4 shows volume distribution by species Table 3: Age class distribution by area by species Age class Area/Species Open area PP PK Open area 176.91 Natural forests 2080 Extension area 11634.75 ≤5 3022.99 2513.66 6 to 10 900.85 11 to 15 53.78 16 to 20 90.35 21 to 25 490.6 25 104.96 Total 13891.66 4558.57 2618.62

PE Euc Spp 13 1066.39 551.35 158 16.4 324.77 138.72 13 2255.63

Total 176.91 2080 11634.75 6616.04 1452.2 211.78 106.75 815.37 243.68 23337.48

Table4 : Volume by Species Species Eucalyptus grandis Eucalyptus maidenii Eucalyptus saligna Pinus caribaea Pinus kesiya Pinus patula TOTAL

Volume (m3) 201,756 2,420 2,672 409 61,622 263,002 531,881

% 37.9 0.5 0.5 0.1 11.6 49.4

Figure 1: Age class distribution by volume in Division IV (Mgololo) Forest Plantation (2013/14) 1.5.3

Site Classes

Site classes were determined using the â&#x20AC;&#x153;Yield Studies for Pinus patula at Sao Hill Forest Plantation Southern Tanzania by Malimbwi et al. (1998). Most compartments of these species (171 of 178) falls under site class III, II And V However, P.patula and Pinus Kesiya dominates in all site classes. Hardwoods species were not classified. Table 5 shows site class distribution by species. 6 Â

Table 5:

Site Class Distribution by Species

Site Class I II III IV V

Species

No. of Compartment per species

Pp Pk/Eg Pp Pp Pp Pk Pp

2 1 6 9 4 1 6

Total Compartments per Site Class 3 6 9 5 6

Note: List of compartment per each site class are shown in Appendex 12 1.5.4 Current Annual Increment (CAI)

The compartment register (Appendix V) contains Current Annual Increments (CAI) for each compartment as extracted from the Yield Table by Malimbwi et al. (1998). The current annual increments were adjusted proportionally to stocking levels as follows: CAI = (Actual SPH/Yield Table SPH) x Yield Table CAI Compartment CAI = CAI X Compartment Area (ha) Allowable cut for the entire forest is the summation of all compartment CAIs. The current allowable cut is 52,438 m3/year which is equivalent to a total of 262,150 m3 for the entire five years of the plan. This volume comprises of clearfellings and thinnings. Most of the allowable cut is from clear felling. Compartments to be thinned and clear felled in the plan period are shown in Table 6. 1.5. 5 Health and Vitality

Most of the compartments are well stocked with good tree forms. Currently, tending operations are carried out in time due to the availability of funds as a result of the establishment of Logging Miscellaneous Deposit Account (LMDA). The clear felled areas are currently replanted immediately. The health of forest stand is good except for some parts of compartments affected by fire, which have contributed to the degradation of health and vitality of the plantation. 1.5.6

Management Units

The Division is managed in units of different sizes, ages and species which are known as compartments. The Management Units are known as compartments. These are units of different sizes, ages and species. The management units, however, form three blocks namely Luiga, 7 Â

Kitasengwa and Magunguli. The management units are referred according to division, block and then number of the compartment and subcompartment

1.6 Utilization 1.6.1 Markets

Due to the fact that nowadays most of the forest plantations in the country have few or no harvestable mature stands, many Saw millers are applying for harvesting permits in Sao Hill Forest Plantation so as to get wood raw materials for their sawmills. This ensures a readily available market for our raw materials. The wood from this Division is mainly sold to Mufindi Paper Mill and other medium to small sized mobile saw millers. In addition, the plantation supplies products such as building poles, firewood and non-wood forest products (fruits) to the nearby villagers. Table 6: Compartment to be thinned and clearfelled 2013/14 - 2017/18

CLEAR FELLING

YEAR

Compt no

SPP

AGE

Area( Ha)

Vol/Ha

Total Vol

2013/14

LUG1_4

EG/EM

29.28

215.88

6,321.00

LUG1_3

EG/EM

22.40

279.33

6,257.00

LUG2_7

24.77

147.68

3,658.00

LUG3_12

20.32

289.71

5,887.00

KT5_9

38.83

776.33

30,147.03

KT7_1

PP/EG

44.69

313.90

14028

KT7_2

41.66

188.17

7839

TOTAL

221.95

74137.03

2014/2015

KT5_10

pp/pk/pc

52.25

989.49

51,701.00

KT5_9

0.95

776.33

737.20

TOTAL

53.20

52,438.19

2015/2016

KT5_10

pp/pk/pc

38.50

989.49

38,094.00

MAGI

MAG1_1

25.00

120.00

399.38

LUG2_1.1

8.60

241.63

2,078.00

LUG3

LUG3_14.2

27.00

33.35

203.75

KT5_10

pp/pk/pc

11.79

989.49

11,663.00

TOTAL

110.89

52,438.12

2016/2017

KT5_10

pp/pk/pc

1.96

989.49

11,663.00

MAG3_3

Pp/Cl

111.53

148.18

16,527.01

LUG6_7.1

EG/PP

21.20

296.89

6,294.00

LUG5_1

23.32

81.71

1,905.52

LUG5_4

17.66

209.06

3,692.00

LUG5_3

43.03

215.90

9,290.00

TOTAL

218.71

49,371.53

2017/2018

TOTAL

GRAND TOTAL

518.40

206,517.86

1.6.2 Logging Logging is carried out by customers themselves according to plantation harvesting plans. Compartments due for felling are measured and standing volumes are sold to the customers through special permits given by a committee nominated by TFS. Customers are required to pay first for felling license before they are allocated felling coupes/ plots. The size of the plots or coupe varies according to the requirement. Plots or coupes are sold as standing volumes based on volume obtained on 100% assessment as carried out by the Harvesting and Licensing section of the Sao Hill forest plantation. Mechanism of harvesting are of two types namely; i. Mechanical harvesting â&#x20AC;&#x201C;which are carried out by Big Customers such as Mufindi Paper Mills and ii. Manual harvesting-which are normally done by Small Customers.

1.7

Protection and conservation

1.7.1 Forest Fires Fire incidences have been a serious problem in Division IV despite having firelines in all compartments which are well maintained. In addition there are equipped fire fighting crews. 1.7.2 Man and domestic animal Illegal cutting of trees for logs is a sporadic phenomenon in the forest, especially in stands bordering villages. Cutting is usually done at night and weekends by neighboring villagers usually for commercial purposes. However, there is no incidence of domestic animals grazing in the forest.

1.8

Capital investments

1.8.1 Roads Generally the existing road network in the division is poor especially to the new extension areas . The road length in Division four plantations is about 423kms. The large portion of the forest road in extension areas was constructed by hand so need machine in order to be in a good condition. The road density is 98.7m/Ha in a plantation area of 9870.11Ha. The cost of maintaining 1Km using casual labour is about 15 mandays/Km.

9 Â

Plate 1: Division four forest road 1.7.2. Buildings

The division has 11 permanent staff quarters in which 5 of them are at Makungu village and 6 are at kitasengwa village. Also we have 16 mud houses and 1 timber house at kitasengwa and makungu, and 1 mud house at magunguli. Generally the mud-houses are seriously in a bad condition, hence need immediate replacement. Meanwhile the division has two offices, one located at kitasengwa village and the other located at mukungu village18km away from kitasengwa office. Table 7: Status of buildings at Division four (Mgololo) LOCATION Kitasengwa

Makungu

Magunguli

10 Â

BUILDING TYPE Mud house(staff quarter) Field office Staff quarter Office Store Staff quarter Mud house

QUANTITY CONDITION REMARKS 16 Extremely Need replacement poor 1 poor Need construction 6 good 1 Good 1 good 5 good 1 Extremely Need replacement poor

1.8.3

Plants and equipment

The plantation has two vehicles, one land cruiser (pickup), one 7tons lorry and one tractor. The vehicles and a tractor are used in both administration activities and field operations, namely; silvicultural and tending operations, Sometimes plantation patrol, road maintenance and fire fighting. In addition, there is one chainsaw. Table 8: List of existing vehicles and equipment S/N

TYPE OF VEHICLE/ MODEL

REGISTATION

Quantity

Manufacturing year

Condition

Use

Mitsubishi Lorry (7ton) L/base

STK 376

2005

poor

Field and station activities

Toyota L/Cruiser - Pick up

STJ 3634

2002

Good

Field and station activities

CW 5403

1989

poor condition

Field operations

Ford Tractor 6610

Trailers for tractors

1989

Serviceable

Field operations

Chainsaw

2008

Good condition

Field operations

1.7.4. Communication facilities

The Division four plantation has a two firetowers located at Kisulu and Simbi one control center which facilitates communication mechanism through using of the rediocalls,to ensure protection of the plantation. 1.7.5. Water Supply

Water for nursery and domestic uses in Kitasengwa are obtained from natural sources through gravitational forces at a stream originating from Mufindi escarpment which is about 500 metres from the plantation . The water system should need rehabilitation due to the increasing demand and worn out pipes.

1.8. ADMINISTRATION 1.8.1. Organization

Administratively, the Forest Plantation Manager and supporting staff manage the forest plantation. Supporting staff includes Assistant division Manager and block/range in charge. Each block/range in-charge is supported by field staff that is responsible for daily field activities. This shown in Apex 11 1.8.2. Manning levels

The current plantation staff with their respective duties is as shown in Table 6.

11 Â

Table 9: Current plantation staff No.

Designation

Available

Deficit

Principal Forest officer

Forest Officer II

Principal Forest Assistant II

Forest Assistant II

Personal Secretary

Forest Assistant/Forest Guards (OS)

Drivers

Security guard

Office attendant

Total

NB: Duties can change at any time due to transfers and annual leave etc. The permanent staffs currently present in the plantation is below the requirements due to lack of replacement of the retired, transferred, dead etc.

1.9. SOCIAL SERVICES 1.9.1. Education

The forest plantation has no reliable education centres situated in the plantation however, they depends on schools from neighbouring villages. 1.9.2 Health

The division has a one dispensary, which provides medical services to Forest staff, and people from neighbouring villages. 1.9.3 Religion

Forest staffs in this station believe in different religion including Christian, Muslim and others but there is no Mosques or Churches within the plantation area so they get such services in the neighbouring villages. 1.9.4. Power supply

The two stations of the division (Kitasengwa and Makungu) are connected to the national electric grid. 1.9.5. Social facilities and entertainment

The plantation has a football pitch for soccer, used by staff and other people and also there is a shop in the Division area which helps the Division workers and nearby villagers to obtain some of the basic requirements. However, other facilities and entertainment gets from neighbouring communities.

12 Â

CHAPTER

2 13 Â

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 DIRECTIVES 2.1

Overall goal

2.1.1 Wood production The overall goal of this management plan is to ensure sustainable supply of raw materials to forest based industries and other users. In order to achieve this goal during the planed period replanting of open areas should be done, carry out different tending operations, protect the forest against various damages, and also regulate harvesting to conform to approved felling schedules. Division Four should be managed for the following purposes:(a) To tend the existing plantations so as to maintain good stands for the productions of good quality raw materials for internal market; (b) To carry out replanting in already clear felled compartments to fulfill the protection function of the Division Four plantation thus to maintain soil, to conserve water, improve vegetation cover and conserve biological diversity; (c) To utilize the wood resources as it becomes available in regulated and economic manner; (d) To ensure sustainable supply of wood for now and the future by replanting immediately clearfelled compartments; and (e) To provide employment particularly to local communities and create awareness on Conservation needs of forests and environment. 2.1.2 Conservation

To ensure that protective functions of forests are observed all over the area under the plantation management thereby conserving water sources, enhancing ecosystem stability and biodiversity conservation. Riverines are left undisturbed during forest resources harvesting activities for about 50m on both sides. The forest plantation also ensures protection of natural forests and biodiversity

2.2

Specific Objectives

2.2.1 Silviculture

â&#x20AC;˘ The objectives of the silvicultural operations are to raise improved, healthy and adequate in number of planting stock (seedlings) to replant all clear felled areas to ensure sustainable yield for the present and future generations. â&#x20AC;˘ Tending operations are carried out in order to get quality final crop for forest-based industries and other users.

14 Â

2.2.2

Capital investments

The plantation objectives in capital investments include the following: • To maintain the existing structures (buildings) so that they are in good order. • To maintain the existing vehicles and plants so that they are in good working condition. • To purchase new vehicles and plants for smooth execution of plantation programmes • To maintain the whole length of existing forest roads to allow smooth execution of forest operations. • To establish a reliable communication facility for the plantation. 2.2.3

• • • • 2.2.4

Human resources

To improve working environment and general livelihood of workers and their families. To develop human resources capacities in terms of skills and knowledge. To ensure that the plantation staff and their families are in good health. To increase the number of staff members so as to satisfy the project requirement. Revenue generation

In order to improve revenue generation, the plantation will endeavour: • To improve revenue collection process by intensifying control and accountability amongst the responsible officers. • To explore new sources of revenue generation such as camping and eco-tourism. 2.2.5 Utilization

The objective is to ensure that raw materials are supplied sustainably to all users. The plantation management must keep on encouraging saw millers to utilize all tree parts including short wood and stumps and branches. 2.2.6

Protection and conservation

• To protect both natural and plantation forests against forest fires, illegal logging and grazing, insect attack and diseases and wild life damage. • To ensure that all water sources including riverine forests, steep slopes, valleys, are well protected by avoiding any kind of disturbance such as cultivation. • To ensure that all forest reserve boundaries are protected from encroachment. • To ensure that all inter-compartment boundaries and fire lines are maintained by slashing and screefing. • To maintain biodiversity (fauna and flora) which is available in the area. • To create a harmonious environment with our neighbours for good communication and support. • Maintain and intensify checkpoints for proper control of forest produce transportation from the forest 15

2.2.7

Resource assessment

• To make sure that accurate stocking, biomass, and specie-wise data are available. • To make sure that the whole plantation area is resurveyed and up-to-date maps are produced.

2.3

Strategic Targets

2.3.1 Silviculture 2.3.1.1 Species

Species selection is based on technical Order No. 1 of 2003. Seeds to be used in raising seedlings should be purchased from Tanzania Tree Seed Agency (TTSA). Due to delays in getting tree seeds from TTSA, sometimes the plantation collects tree seeds from plus trees in the plantation. Emerging sources of planting material such as the use of clones from TAFORI will also be considered. Also the choice of species will be governed by market demand, resistance of the species to diseases and suitability of the species to environment as well as its performance. In order to avoid monoculture and associated risks other species will be considered. 2.3.1.2 Planting Area

To ensure sustained yield of wood products, the Forest management should ensure that all clear felled areas are planted in time. According to rainfall regime in Southern Highland zone, the planting seasons are in January to March and beating up is done during the same periods. Stands establishment should continue to use taungya system but under close supervision of Forest staff. Plots in clearfelled areas earmarked for planting are allocated to both plantation staff and surrounding villagers well in advance to ensure that land preparation is done before trees are planted. Allocation of taungya plots is done by management. According to Technical Order No.1 of 2003, the spacing of 3 x 3 m. giving 1111 stems per hectare continues to be used unless directed otherwise by Tanzania Forest Service Agency (TFS). The system (Taungia) allows the farmers to do farming for one year and hence assists in initial weeding of trees while they weed their crops 2.3.1.3 Nursery operations

Seedlings should be raised in polythene tubes of size 10cm diameter and gauge 250 using soil mixture of 7 parts top forest soil, 1 mycorrhizal and 2 parts of cow manure (7:1:2). There is no official document directing the use of these sizes. However, these were adopted through experience and economic point of view. The amount of soil ingredients filled in pots provides enough nutrients to the seedling which stay in the nursery for at most six to seven months after which they are planted out. In addition NPK fertilizer is added at the ration of 28gms per tin of soil mixture. The main species to be raised will be Pinus patula, P. kesiya and Eucalyptus spp. According to the plantation nursery calendar (Appendix III, seedling to be planted in December/January are raised in April/May. Based on the size of the polythene tube of 10cm diameter, Division Four can raise up to 2,500,000 to 3,000,000 seedling/year respectively.

2.3.1.4 Tending operations 2.3.1.4.1 Thinning

Thinning is necessary to enhance diameter increment. The thinning schedule indicated in technical order No 1 of 2003 should continue to be applied (Table 9). All species planted in Division Four except Eucalyptus require thinning. The thinnings are selective and priority for removals is defective and diseased trees. Thinning is done by customers after marking of the trees to be thinned by plantation staff. Table 10: Thinning schedule for Pines S/No

Activity

Age (yrs)

Number of Stems per hectare Before thinning

After thinning

Trees to be cut

Planting

1111

1st Thinning

1111

650

460

2nd Thinning

650

400

250

Clearfelling

400

Planting

1111

2.3.1.4.2 Pruning

Pruning is necessary to improve wood quality. The pruning schedule in Technical order no 1 of 2003 (Table 14) should continue to be used. Pruning should be the obligation of the plantation management. Pruning should normally be done using pruning saws and ladders. Pruning should be done during a short dry season between August and November

17 Â

Table 11: Pruning schedule for major plantation (spacing 3 x 3 m) species in Tanzania Site class I Type of pruning

II Height (m)

Age (yrs)

Means

Pruning

III Height (m)

Age (yrs)

Means

Pruning

Height (m) Age (yrs)

Means

Pruning

Remarks on pruning

Pinus patula First

3.0

5.5

2.7

3.5

4.9

2.4

Omitted

Second

5.0

9.8

5.8

5.5

7.3

4.6

7.0

Third

7.0

13.7

8.2

7.5

10.4

6.1

9.0

W.C

6.1

3.7 S

Saw log

7.9

4.9 S

Production

W.C

Cupressus lusitanica First

1.0

2.4

1.2

2.0

2.4

1.2

Omitted

Second

3.0

6.7

3.4

4.0

5.5

2.7

5.0

4.0

2.0 S

Saw log

Third

5.0

10.1

6.7

6.0

7.3

4.9

7.0

5.2

3.4 S

Production

Fourth

7.0

12.8

8.5

8.0

9.1

6.1

9.0

6.4

4.3 S

Notes:

• W.C - Whole Crop prune • S - Selective pruning • Pines for pulpwood are normally pruned one for access at the height of 1.5 – 2.0 m or Even at 3.0 – 5.0 m.

High quality Saw log requires pruning height of 7.0 – 9.0 m

2.4. CAPITAL INVESTMENTS 2.4.1 Roads

Construction and maintenance of forest roads is done by the plantation management using funds retained at the plantation known as use Logging Miscellaneous Deposit Account (LMDA) as stipulated in the Government Notice No. 432 of December 2011 (Forest regulation 29 (1) – Schedule 14). 2.4.2 Buildings

Maintenance of government buildings should follow procedures provided by the Tanzania Building Agency (TBA). Consultation is made by a letter to TBA and thereafter assessment of buildings to be maintained is conducted. After the assessment, the Bill of Quantity (BQ) is prepared and presented to the plantation management. The actual implementation is done according to approved budget and priorities. 2.4.3 Communication facility

Communication within and outside the plantation is done through letters, emails, fax, telephones, meetings, verbal and office visits. 2.4.4 Vehicles, plants and equipments

Maintenance of vehicle and plants should follow TEMESA guidelines as per Public Procurement Act No. 21 of 2004 and Regulation of 2005 section 59 (1 -5). The plantation writes to TEMESA 18

describing the faults of the vehicle or plants. Thereafter, TEMESA will inspect the vehicle/plants to verify the stated faults and prepare the bill before the maintenance done. 2.4.5. Water supply

For adequate supply of water, the management intends to maintain the water supply to satisfy domestic users and tree nursery activities. This will include rehabilitation by replacing the iron pipes with plastic, repair of hand pump at Makungu station for domestic use, Maintain 20,000 litres water reservoir tank and construction of more efficient intake station able to hold 10,000 litres at Mufindi Escarpment water point. 2.4.6. Health and social facilities

During this plan period, the management will continue to provide medical services to staff and nearby villagers through existing dispensary. This service will be provided to staff by using Health Insurence Card. 2.5 HUMAN RESOURCES 2.5.1 Manning levels

Staff members at the forest plantation are employees of Tanzania Forest Services (TFS) and their salaries are paid directly by the Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism (MNRT). Employment arrangement is coordinated by TFS Head Office after receiving requests from plantations. The process of employment is done by President Office – Public Service Management. Temporary workers are employed by the plantation when required. However, these arrangements may change as to suite the act governing the establishment of government agencies. 2.5.2 Training needs

The short courses are conducted according to the plantation training plan and approved budget. This includes nursery techniques, introduction to computer, maintenance of machines, inventory, forestry management and administration. The long term courses are coordinated and financed by the TFS after receiving application from the eligible staff.

2.6 REVENUE GENERATION

The forest plantation is collecting revenue from sales of forest products and services as stipulated in the Government Notice No. 432 of December 20011 (Forest regulation 29 (1) – Schedule 14). Revenue obtained from these sources is distributed into five categories namely; Royalty which is paid to TFS, VAT (18% of royalty as per Tanzania Revenue Authority regulation), CESS (5% of the royalty as per Local Government Act of 1985)) is paid to District Councils, TaFF (3% of royalty and 2% of fees as per Forest Act Na. 14 of 2002 section 79 (2)) and LMDA which is charged on top of the royalty (Tsh. 11,000 per m3 for softwood and Tsh. 22,000 per m3 for hardwood). LMDA is used by the plantation for silvicultural activities, road maintenance, maintenance of vehicles and plants, forest protection and administration. Price tariff of standing volume, stacked volume of firewood, poles, withies and forest services are charged as stipulated in the Government Notice No. 432 of December 2011 (Forest regulation 29 (1) – Schedule 14).

2.7 PROTECTION AND CONSERVATION 2.7.1 Forest fires

Issues related to fire management is provided in Forest Act of 202, Part Nine section 70 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 76 and forest regulation of 2004 part Fourteen, Section 49. These include restriction on using fire, fire extinguishing, and construction and maintenance of firebreaks. According to section 71 sub section 3 of the Forest Act, any person in the vicinity of a fire has the obligation to assist in extinguishing it. Setting fire in the forest reserve is one of the offences listed under section 26 of the Forest Act and penalties against such offences are provided in Section 84 Subsection 5 of the Forest Act. 2.7.2. Man and domestic animals

Forest Act No. 14 of 2002 section 26 describes activities prohibited within the forest reserve without a license or a permit. The current illegal cutting of trees for poles, logs and firewood is unacceptable and must be prevented by enforcing Forest Act No. 14 of 2002 Section 26 and Forest Regulation of 2004 Part Two section 3-13. Culprits if apprehended should be prosecuted and their haul and products confiscated according to Sections 84, 85, 88 and 89 of the Forest Act. Section 26 and 84 subsection 3 of the Forest Act provides conditions for grazing in the forest reserve. However, in Division Four grazing is not a serious problem. 2.7.3 Wild animals

Issues related to wild animals should be dealt in accordance with the Wildlife Act No. 5 of 2009 which directs the District Game Officer to handle the issues of destructive animals in the forest reserve. However, in Division Four there is no problem of wild animals. 2.7.4 Pests and Diseases Issus related to control of pests and diseases in the plantation is not provided in the forest policy, act and regulation. However, consultation is made to research institutions such as Tanzania Forest Research Institute (TAFORI) and TPRI for technical assistance. Section 63 and 64 of the Acts provide restriction of movement of timber within and outside Tanzania in order to contain and prevent the spread of any disease affecting tree, timber or other forest produce.

2.8

Resource Assessment

2.8.1

Survey and mapping

Section 28 and 29 of the Act provides directives related to demarcation, consolidation, revocation and variation of the forest boundaries. Boundary consolidation entails beaconing, boundary planting and maintenance. 2.8.2 Inventory

Inventory data is an input to the preparation of management plan. According to section 13 subsections 6 of the Act directs the continues review of forest management plan, whereby section 13 subsections 7 sets period of after five year for full review of the management plan. Therefore, inventory must be conducted every five years to provide data for management plan preparation.

20 Â

2.8.3

Survival Assessment

Survival assessment of planted trees should be done after one year prior to next planting season in order to determined survival percentage as the basis to carry out beating up. However, currently there is no technical order in place for survival assessment. 2.8.4

Assessment for Harvesting

Choice of compartments to be harvested should base on the following criteria diseased: wind thrown, damaged by biological or climatic agents, and those subjected to drought are given first priority; Stands of higher site class are also given priority as they mature early; on the same site class start with older stands; on compartment of the same age start with lower stocked stands; compartment which are inaccessible should be left out of calculation; and in respect to customers need’s and preference, start with customers preference. Harvesting involves establishment of TARIFF NUMBERS for compartments due for harvesting in order to determine the value for pricing according to laid down guidelines titled “Measurement and Selling of Timber Using Tariff Table”.

2.9 Research 2.9.1

Research areas/problems for research

2.10

Social economic aspects

Forest research activities are the sole responsibility of TAFORI and higher academic institutions however the plantation should liaise with them to establish Permanent Sample Plots (PSP) for monitoring of tree growth and assist in protecting their trial plots. These institutions are also encouraged to undertake research to solve emerging management problems

The area of Division Four bordering with local people’s farms the boundary trees (Eucalyptus spp) should be maintained to indicate permanent boundary between village farms and forest plantation to avoid encroachment.

CHAPTER

3 22 Â

CHAPTER THREE 3.0 PRESCRIPTIONS 3.1 SILVICULTURE 3.1.1 Nursery Operations

Tree seedlings for replanting in clearfelled areas, beating-up and planting in extension area will be raised at Kitasengwa nursery. In addition another tree seedlings will be obtained from Irundi n ursery will. 3.1.1.1 Species selection

The main species to be planted at Kitasengwa nursery includes Pinus patula, P. kesiya, P. caribea and Eucalyptus Spp. The choice of species is based on performance and demand. Moreover, proposed Eucalyptus clones will continue to be planted in selected extension areas. 3.1.1.2 Soil Ingredient

The soil mixture which will be used in Meru forest permanent nurseries will be as follows:• • • •

7 parts forest soil; 1 parts cow manure (decomposed); 2 parts decomposed litter (mycorrhizae) (from old stand of the species to be raised) 28 gms of NPK.

3.1.1.3 Seedling raising techniques

Seedlings will be raised in polythene tubes of size 10cm diameter by 15cm length. A total of 15,000,000 seedlings will be raised in the plan period for the plantation needs based on estimates of 1,111 stems per hectare for pines and 2,500 stems per hectare for Eucalyptus including 25% as losses and amount needed for beating up. Seed sowing will be done in seedbed for Eucalyptus and pines. Seeds will be evenly broadcasted, covered with thin layer of sand (twice the seed thickness) then will be pressed gently. The sowing density depends on type of seeds. However, low sowing density will be applied to avoid damping off. Seedlings for planting December/January, seeds will be sown in April/May. Pot filling will be done by casual labourers at 1,000 pots per man-day. The soil will be stored under shade six months before filling into the polythene tubes. It will be turned once or twice during the preparation period.

3.1.1.4 Nursery tending technique 3.1.1.4.1 Watering regime

Watering frequency will depend on the season of the year. During dry season, watering will be done in two times per day, early in the morning and late in the evening consecutively for 6 months. After six months, seedlings will be subjected to hardening off for three months before planting them. 3.1.1.4.2 Sanitary/health operations

The nursery will be weeded regularly to free young seedlings from weed competition. The surroundings 23

will be kept clean to avoid pests. The frequency will depend on the type and amount of weeds. Fungicide and insecticides application will be done in the nurseries to overcome the problem of fungi and insects. All other non-required items will be removed from the nursery, as they often tend to harbour unwanted insects and animals. The nursery will be protected against any destructive agents like wandering animals, playing children etc. the hedges will always be maintained. 3.1.1.4.3 Pricking out

The filled pots will be watered for two days before transplanting so as to stabilize the soil. Pricking out of seedlings will be done immediately after attaining first two leave in the seedbed. Seedlings will be held by the cotyledon to avoid damage of the stems. Pricked out of seedlings will be done on polythene pots arranged in a transplant beds. 3.1.1.4.4 Root pruning

Root pruning will be done using knives or sometimes by shifting pots. Pruning exercise will be done fortnightly and normally 3 months after transplanting in pots until seedlings are ready for lifting out to the field. Seedling will be subjected to hardening off by reducing the frequency of watering and increasing frequency of root pruning. In order to ensure success in nursery activities all nursery activities will follow nursery calendar as shown in the Appendix III

Plate 2: Tree nursery at Kitasengwa- Mgololo 24 Â

3.1.2 Planting

3.1.2 Land preparation Before planting, land preparation will be done in replanting and new planting areas. During this plan both casual labourer and permanent staffs will be involved to prepare land for replanting compartments. After land preparation this areas of replanting is allocated to permanent staff and nearby villagers to cultivate food crops mainly maize for one year only. Most of the planting will be done during the season when the coverage of rainfall will be high. The planting stock size will be 30 cm in height. The normal spacing for pine in the forest plantation will be 3m x 3m and for Eucalyptus will be 2.5 m x2.5 m. Pit size will be 30 cm x 30 cm. This will be prepared shortly before planting. List of compartments and areas to be planted in the plan period is shown in Table 12.

Planting targets for the planning period is 401.87ha for replanting 6000ha extension areas and beating up 1921h. A total of 14 compartments will be planted in the plan period. List of compartments and areas to be planted in the plan period is shown in Table 12. Table 12: List of compartments to be planted in planning period YEAR 2013/14 TOTAL

Range LUIGA

Compt no EXTENSION AREA

SPP PP/PK/PC

Area( Ha) 2000 2000

2014/15 TOTAL

LUIGA

EXTENSION AREA

PP/PK/PC

2000 2000

2015/16

KITASENGWA KITASENGWA KITASENGWA KITASENGWA KITASENGWA KITASENGWA KITASENGWA LUIGA KITASENGWA LUIGA

KT5/5 KT5/6 KT5/8 KT5/11 KT5/9 KT7.1 KT7.2 ETENSION AREA KT5_10 ETENSION AREA

PP/PK/PC PP/PK/PC

48.22 45.85 42.67 35.87 39.76 44.69 41.66 2000 2 298.72 65.2 65.2 2000

53.19953 691.01

TOTAL 2016/17 TOTAL 2017/2018 TOTAL GRAND TOTAL

3.1.3 Survival assessment for replanting and beating up.

All clearfelled areas will be replanted the next year after completion of clearfelling. Beating up precedes planting of new areas to ensure that the beaten up seedlings catch up with those planted the previous year. The survival assessment will be carried out nine months after planting. Normally beating up is done if survival is greater than 40% but less than 80%. If survival is less than 40% replanting has to be done. 25

3.1.4

Tending operations

3.1.4.1 Weeding

Sanitary slashing will normally done in all young standing compartments. It is done once a year until the compartment attains the age of five to six years old. This is done after long rains. From there onwards climber cutting is undertaken where necessary. In the first year of planting people are allowed to plant agricultural crops.Spot weeding also will be done two month after planting 3.1.4.2 Singling Singling will be done in area where there is unwanted and regenerated plants in the compartments. 3.1.4.3 Pruning

In practice, pruning will be done during dry season to reduce the chances of fungal and insect attack through wounds. Trees will be pruned two meters in height (low pruning or brushing) for the purpose of providing access to the plantation. High pruning will be done two meters above the brushing height. Hand tools such as machetes (panga) and pruning saws will be used in both low pruning (brushing) and high pruning (quality pruning). According to Technical order No 1 of 2003, pruning will be done at the age of 4, 6 and 8 years. 3.1.4.4 Thinning According to technical order No 1 of 2003 there are two thinning regimes, first thinning at 10 yrs and second at 15yrs. The methods used for thinning will be selective. Trees to be removed will be marked before harvesting. Compartments to be thinned are shown in table No 6.

3.2 ROADS 3.2.1 Construction

The construction of new roads of about 50 km each year will be required at Luiga extension areas where planting is carried out. Machines and plants such as Motor grader and buldozer will be required for this activity. 3.2.2 Maintenance

The frequency of maintenance will depend on the intensity of rainfall and type of road damages. The total of 343km will be repaired annually. The method of road maintenance is by machinery (Motor grader, wheel loader and bulldozer).

26 Â

3.3.

BUILDINGS

3.3.1. Construction

3.3 BUILDINGS 3.3.1 Construction

There will be a construction of 11 buildings in 3 forest ranges (Kitasengwa, Magunguli and Makunugu). The construction will be according to Aproved Action plan and procurement Plan, Government procedures will be observed. Table 3: Construction of buildings during plan period in Division Four. Year

Building type

2013/14

Staff houses

2014/15

Hall and Office

2015/16

Staff houses

2016/17

Staff houses

2017/18

Staff houses

Location Division Four Division Four Division Four Division Four Division Four

Quntity

Unit cost (Tshs)

Total cost (Tshs)

60,000,000.00

240,000,000.00

480,000,000.00

60,000,000.00

120,000,000.00

60,000,000.00

120,000,000.00

60,000,000.00

240,000,000.00

TOTAL

1,020,000,000.00

3.3.2 Maintenance

The maintenance of the buildings will be done during the plan period according to Aproved Annual Plan of Operation. Depending on BOQ carried out by authorised institution. Table 14: Maintanance of buildings during plan period in Division Four. Year

Building type

Location

Quntity

Unit cost (Tshs)

Total cost (Tshs)

2013/14

Staff houses

Division Four

3,216,254.00

51,460,064.00

2014/15

Hall and Office

Division Four

3,216,254.00

54,676,318.00

2015/16

Staff houses

Division Four

3,216,254.00

32,162,540.00

2016/17

Staff houses

Division Four

3,216,254.00

57,892,572.00

2017/18

Staff houses

Division Four

3,216,254.00

41,811,302.00

TOTAL

238,002,796.00

3.4. Plants, vehicles, equipment and tools 3.4.1. Procurement The Forest Manager shall procure simple tools and equipment, while heavy plants and vehicles shall be procured after consultation with the Chief Executive Officer. The types of vehicles, plants and equipment to be procured will be shown in the APOs following the procurement schedule in Table15.

27 Â

Table 15:The vehicles t o be procured in planning year 2013/14-2017/18 Year

Type of vehicle/plant

Location

Quantity

2013/14

Total

2014/15

Toyota Land cruiser hard top 5 doors

Division Four

140,000,000.00

Motor cycles

Dision Two

10,000,000.00

50,000,000.00

Total

2015/16

Tractor (Ford)

75000000

L/cruiser Hardtop

140000000

Total

2016/17

Isuzu Lorry

Dision Two

260,000,000.00

Total

2017/18

Total

Costs (Tshs)

Total cost (Tshs)

215000000

190,000,000.00

260,000,000.00

665,000,000.00

3.4.2. Maintenance

The maintenance of the vehicles and plants will be done in accordance with the maintenance schedules. Table16: The vehicle and plants to be maintained during plan period 2013/14-2017/18 Financial year

Input required for each activity

Registration No.

Quantity

Total cost

2013/2014

Toyota L/C pick up

STJ 3634

30,000,000

Lorry

STK 376 and STK 4219

60,000,000

Tractor

CW 5402

3,000,000

Motorcycles

STK 1192

1,200,000

Sub total

94,200,000

2014/2015

Toyota L/C pick up

STJ 3634

30,000,000

Lorry

STK 376 and STK 4219

60,000,000

Tractor

CW 5402

3,000,000

Motorcycles

STK 1192

1,200,000

Sub total

94,200,000

2015/2016

Toyota L/C pick up

STJ 3634

30,000,000

Lorry

STK 376 and STK 4219

60,000,000

Tractor

CW 5402

3,000,000

Motorcycles

STK 1192

1,200,000

Sub total

94,200,000

2016/2017

Toyota L/C pick up

STJ 3634

30,000,000

Lorry

STK 376 and STK 4219

60,000,000

Tractor

CW 5402

3,000,000

Motorcycles

STK 1192

1,200,000

Sub total

94,200,000

2017/2018

Toyota L/C pick up

STJ 3634

30,000,000

Lorry

STK 376 and STK 4219

60,000,000

Tractor

CW 5402

3,000,000

Motorcycles

STK 1192

1,200,000

Sub total GRAND TOTAL

94,200,000

471,000,000

3.5

Communication facilities

During this plan period, the project is planning to maintain fire towers (F9 and F10) and Control center (CC4) at Kisilu and Luiga ranges in order to improve contacts within division and plantation headquarters. These shall include procurement of up to date radio calls and solar panels. The work will be done by the Forest protection and roads section of the Sao hill forest plantation. In areas where local networks are available the use of mobile phones is to a greater extent facilitating the communication between staff and other plantation stakeholders for official and private purposes. Limited airtime will be provided strategically to facilitate communication between staff members.

3.6. Water supply 3.6.1. Sources

The main source of water supply to the plantation is from rivers and water streams which runs through the plantation. Currently the amount of water is relatively adequate and sufficient. 3.6.2. Supply Systems

The supply system is through gravitational force and pipelines to domestic uses and nurseries. However, during the plan period, the plantation will construct more efficient intake stations able to hold ten thousands litres to ensure availability during emergency as well as drilling 3 deep well one at Makungu station and the other one at Simbi Range.

3.7. Social and health service

The social services available at the Forest Plantation include football pitch, a shop and domestic water tap and one dispensary. During the plan period, the Forest Plantation intends to improve and increase the health facilities and social welfare to cope with the increasing demand.

3.8. HUMAN RESOURCES

TFS will recruit new permanent term staff following recommendations from the Forest Manager. The plantation manager will strive to cover the staff deficit of 158 at Headquarter and 4 staff in Division Four. Recruitments of temporary staff will be initiated by the Forest Manager whenever need arises.

3.9. REVENUE GENERATION 3.9.1. Sources of Revenues

The sources of revenues will be from the sales of saw logs, poles, pulpwood, fines, transit pass, and other minor forest products as shown in table 11

3.9

Revenue generation

3.9.1 Forecasted revenues from thinnings and clearfellings The forecasted revenue from thinning and clearfellings during the plan period is shown in Table 19. The forecasted revenue figures were calculated based on the Government Notice number 432 published on 09/12/2011. Table 17: The forecasted revenue from thinnings and clearfelling during plan period 2013/142017/18

2013/14

2014/2015

2015/2016

2016/2017

2017/2018

Total

52,437.56

262,187.78

(a)Royality (Tshs)

715,772,640

3,578,863,199

(b)LMDA (Ths)

576,813,116

2,884,065,582

1,292,585,756

6,462,928,781

Allowable cut (Standing ) m³ 1.Sale logs (standing) m3

Total

3.9.2

Forecasted total revenues during the planning period

During the planning period the sources of revenues will be mainly from the sales of saw logs (thinnings and clearfellings). Other sources include; fines, poles, firewoods, application for forest services, registration, gravel, photography/video shooting and tree seed. During the plan period a total of Tsh12,873,534,381 will be collected as shown in Table 18. In order to increase revenue from allowable cuts, intergrated logging will be introduced during the plan period.

Table 18: Allowable cut and forecasted revenue 2013/2014 - 2017/2018

2013/14

2014/2015

2015/2016

2016/2017

2017/2018

Total

52,438

262,190

(a)Royality (Tshs)

715,772,640

3,578,863,199

(b)LMDA (Ths)

576,813,116

2,884,065,582

3,000,000

15,000,000

50,000

250,000

(a)Royality (Tshs)

682,500,000

3,412,500,000

(b)LMDA (Ths)

550,000,000

2,750,000,000

1,500,000

7,500,000

36,000,000

180,000,000

Other sources

(a)gravel

(b)fines

1,000,000

800,000

1,200,000

500,000

200,000

3,700,000

8,331,120

41,655,600

2,574,966,876

2,574,766,876

2,575,166,876

2,574,466,876

2,574,166,876

12,873,534,381

Allowable cut (Standing ) m³ 1.Sale logs (standing) m3

3.Firewood 4.Poles (m3)

5.Application for forest services 6. Registrations

Total

3.9.2

Control of revenues

The forest Manager will conduct regular training for personnel involved in revenue collection, timber grading, checkpoints, billing and timber measurement. Verification of field measurements will be done to ensure that correct measurement and records are taken. The Forest Plantation will collect government revenues by using authorized documents such as ERVs and License books. The daily collections must be promptly acknowledged through proper ERVs after banking by customers. The established gates and checkpoints will be used to monitor forest products passing through it whether they are covered by appropriate movement order/documents (transit passes, felling licences and ERVs). 3.10 Utilization 3.10.1 Harvesting Plans

Inventory data collected in May 2013were used to prepare the harvesting plan. Harvesting will be done by customers under the supervision of forest staff to ensure no destruction is done and no thefts of forest produce. The total allowable cut for the whole planning period is 262,190m3 as shown in Table 18.

Table 19: Summary of allowable cut for 2013/14 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 2017/18 Year 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 Total

Thinning Volume 168.00 0.00 0.00 3,007.00 89,088.00 92,263.00

Clearfelling Volume 52,269.56 52,437.56 52,437.56 49,430.56 -36,650.44 169,924.78

Total 52,438 52,438 52,438 52,438 52,438

262,187.78

3.10.1.1 Clear felling

The compartments earmarked for clear felling during the planning period is shown in Table22. Criteria used to select compartment for clear felling includes; age and low stocking levels. However during the year 2017/18 there will be no clearfelling since there is large amount of volume of thinning (89,089m3) while the allowable cut is 52,437m3. As shown in table No 6.

3.10.1.2. Thinning All first thinning at the age of 10 will be given priority. This will be followed by second thinning at the age of 15 years, on the criteria of number of stems per hectare and whether they are delayed or not. Trees to be thinned will be marked by plantation staff following directives given in the Technical Order No.1 of 2003. Thinning will be done by customers under supervision of plantation staff. A total of 92323m3 will be thinned. Compartments and volumes to be thinned in Division IV during the planning period is shown in Table 23

32 Â

Table 20: The compartments to be thinned YEAR 2013/2014

1 2

COMPT P2006A

SPP PK/PP

AREA 46

S.CLASS V

THINNING NO 1ST

AGE THINNED 10

VOL/HA 3.66

TOTAL

2014/2015

TOTAL

168.36

NIL

2015/2016

NIL

TOTAL

2016/2017

KT1_13

6.1

1ST

44.05

KT3_6.1

III

6.37

477.75

KT1_5

20.82

III

1ST

50.74

1 056.41

LUGP2006

191

III

1ST

2.20

420.20

KT1_15.1

5.56

151.75

843.73 3 066.79

2017/2018

KT3_2A

25.81

749.52

19 345.17

KT3_4

38.04

1036.59

39 431.88

KT1_2

10.65

III

1ST

244.31

2 601.91

KT1_11

23.43

III

406.04

9 513.56

KT1_14

15.89

III

198.94

3 161.20

KT3_3

8.29

III

85.47

708.55

KT1_1

6.12

1ST

82.74

506.38

KT1_3

22.3

260.91

5 818.29

LUGP2003

158

50.64

8 001.12

TOTAL G R A N D TOTAL

89 088.07

TOTAL

ST ST

TOTAL VOL 168.36

268.71

92 323.23

3.10.2. Sales

3.10.2.1. Prices The Tanzania Forest Service (TFS) determines the prices of forest products (e.g. Royalty, TFF and LMDA) for all plantations. The forest products will be sold by standing volume according to DBH class.

Table21: Current Prices for Forest Produce 2013-2014 Species Diameter Pines <10 cm 11-20 cm 21-25 cm 26-30 cm 31-35 cm >35 cm Eucalyptus <10 cm 11-20 cm 21-30 cm >30 cm TRANSIT PASS

Price(ROYALITY)Ths 2000(Firewood) 2600 5200 13000 22490 24960 2000(Firewood) 4800 12000 21000

Price(LMDA)Tshs 11000 11000 11000 11000 11000 22000 22000 22000

10000

3.10.2.2. Markets The market demand for forest products is currently high. The Forest Plantation will continue to supply raw material to the saw millers and other customers depending on requirements and availability. Table22: List of costomers and their demand COSTOMER CATEGORY

NUMBER OF COSTOMERS

DEMAND(M³)

BIG COSTOMERS

200,000

MIDDLE COSTOMERS

SMALL COSTOMERS

90,000

TOTAL

290,000

3.11 Protection and conservation 3.11.1 Fire Prevention and Control

During the plan period, the plantation will be protected from fire. Fire plan will be implemented in order to control fire occurrence. The following measures will be undertaken to prevent and control forest fire occurrences and eventually put off fires. • Cleaning fire breaks before the fire season to remove highly combustible wood and grass; • Purchasing and maintaining fire fighting equipment in a good working condition ready for use in case of fire. This will be done in conjunction with FTI, who has a good stock of fire fighting equipment; • Preventing the use of fire for land preparation by taungya farmers; • Keeping a roster of fire fighting crews and a standby vehicle during the fire season; and • Training plantation staff and community members from adjacent village on fire fighting techniques. In addition to the above precautionary measures, the plantation will continue to employ patrol men for patrolling the forest and reporting any fire incidences. The fire plan is attached as Appendix 1 34

3.11.2. Control plan for diseases and pests

Currently, there are no major diseases and pests in the plantation. 3.11.3 Soil and Biodiversity

Division Four forest plantation consists of planted trees and natural vegetation which has a higher potention of biodiversity. Natural forest covers 2080 ha which includes rivers and valleys that will be protected and conserved. Natural tree species such as miombo,Isoberlinia and Brachystegia spp, mixed with Euphorbia napaca. and many others will be protected and conserved. Also there are ranges of animals such as monkeys, squirrels andâ&#x20AC;&#x2DC;ndeziâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; as well as variety of birds, snakes and insects 3.11.4 Animal and man damage

Animals like monkeys are the most wild animals found in the plantation. Currently there are no serious damage caused by animals. The destruction caused by human being such as encroachment, illegal harvesting are serious problems affecting the quality of the plantation. In the plan period low enforcement and extension services will be intensified through routine patrols and special operations, issue cultivation licences and fines 3.12

Site restoration

Assessment of areas affected by any destructive agent will be carried out immediately after the destruction has occurred. Restoration of such areas will be done through planting, construction of check dams in case of soil erosion or insitu conservation. Such damage will also be reported to the TFS CEO. 3.12

Resource assessment

Resurvey and mapping will be conducted in order to update the existing maps and forest stocking levels. The stocking level in newly planted compartment will be the basis for beating up. During the planning period boundary consolidation and replacing missing beacons particularly in areas bordering adjacent villages will be carried out. For the determination of harvesting coupes the plantation uses tarrif tables. Procedure for determining the tarrif number involves laying down sample plots in the compartment. The number of the plots depends on the area of the compartment. The value of the coupe will depend on the coupe size and tarrif number. The coupes are allocated to customers according to their raw material allocation. As a control measure ground scaling of sold logs will be carried out before transportation. Also firewood will be sold by stacked volume. Poles will be measure and sold by running meter respectively. Transit Pass (TP) will be issued to customers.

35 Â

CHAPTER

4 36 Â

CHAPTER FOUR 4.0 BUDGET ESTIMATES During the management plan period, the plantation Division Four will spend a total amount of Tshs 12,873,534,381.10 for implementing planned operations Table 23: Maintenance and construction of roads Financial year

Road type

Length (Km)

135

2013/14

Access Road

Road side drains open

41600

4,160,000

construction

884000

26,520,000

Road marraming

10400

Opening of internal roads

52000

3,016,000

4(bridges)

Bridges

Construction

Sub total

309,816,000

Grading

520,000

Luiga ext. area

354

Road sied slashing

52000

18,408,000

Road side drains open

41600

3,328,000

Road murraming

78000

3,900,000

Opening of internal roads

52000

3,120,000

4units

Bridges construction

Mainternance

Sub total

288,756,000

Grading

Remarks

12,150,000

100

158

Access Road

HQ 90,000

2015/16

Total Cost (Tshs)

Road side slashing

135

Access Road

Grading

Unit Cost (Shs)/ km

300

20014/15

Activity & Specification

264

Road side slashing

52000

13,728,000

110

Road side drains open

41600

4,576,000

Road murraming

78000

1,170,000

Open of internal roads

52000

3,120,000

Bridges construction

Construction

Sub total

282,594,000

Luiga ext. area

37 Â

135

Access Road 2016/17

Grading

300

Road side slashing

52000

15,600,000

100

Road side drains open

41600

4,160,000

construction

884000

26,520,000

Road marraming

10400

Opening of internal roads

52000

3,016,000

14(bridges)

Bridges maintenance

Sub total

520,000

309,816,000 158 Grading

2017/18

Access Road

Sub total GRAND TOTAL

38 Â

264

Road side slashing

52000

13,728,000

110

Road side drains open

41600

4,576,000

Road murraming

78000

1,170,000

Open of internal roads

52000

3,120,000

Bridges construction

Construction

282,594,000 1,733,576,000

Luiga ext. area

Table24: Office administration Financial year

Activity to achieve target

Input required for each target

2013/2014

Estimated cost per unit

Various

2 000 000

Service of Office Machine

Various

4 000 000

Purchase of a Computer (laptop)

3 000 000

15 000 000

Travelling on leave allowance

500 000

3 000 000

Purchase of drugs

Various

1 000 000

Purchase of uniforms and boots

Various

14 000 000

Extra duty allowance

Various

10 000 000

Dry season refreshments

Various

40 000 000

Social services, security of station and driving of vehicles and plants

20 casuals

234 000

4 680 000

Purchase of office equipment

Various

1 500 000 95 180 000

Office stationeries Service of Office Machine

Various Various

2 000 000 4 000 000

Travelling on leave allowance

500 000

3 000 000

Purchase of drugs

Various

1 000 000

Purchase of uniforms and boots

Various

14 000 000

Extra duty allowance Dry season refreshments Social services, security of station and driving of vehicles and plants

60 Various

Various Various

10 000 000 40 000 000

20 casuals

234 000

4 680 000

Purchase of office equipment

Various

1 500 000

Sub total

2015/2016

Office stationeries

Sub total

2014/2015

Total cost

80 180 000

Office stationeries

Various

2 000 000

Service of Office Machine

Various

4 000 000

Purchase of a Computer (laptop)

3 000 000

15 000 000

Travelling on leave allowance

500 000

3 000 000

Purchase of drugs

Various

1 000 000

Purchase of uniforms and boots

Various

14 000 000

Extra duty allowance

Various

10 000 000

Dry season refreshments Social services, security of station and driving of vehicles and plants

Various

40 000 000

20 casuals

234 000

4 680 000

Purchase of office equipment

Various

1 500 000

Sub total

95 180 000

2016/2017

Office stationeries

Various

2 000 000

Service of Office Machine

Various

4 000 000

Purchase of a Computer (laptop)

3 000 000

15 000 000

Travelling on leave allowance

500 000

3 000 000

Purchase of drugs

Various

1 000 000

Purchase of uniforms and boots

Various

14 000 000

Extra duty allowance

Various

10 000 000

Dry season refreshments

Various

40 000 000

Social services, security of station and driving of vehicles and plants

20 casuals

234 000

4 680 000

Purchase of office equipment

Various

1 500 000

Sub total

1017/1018

95 180 000

Office stationeries

Various

3 000 000

Service of Office Machine

Various

4 000 000

Travelling on leave allowance

500 000

3 000 000

Purchase of drugs

Various

1 000 000

Purchase of uniforms and boots

Various

14 000 000

Extra duty allowance Dry season refreshments Social services, security of station and driving of vehicles and plants

60 Various

Various Various

10 000 000 40 000 000

20 casuals

234 000

2 000 000

Purchase of office equipment

Various

1 500 000

TOTAL GRAND TOTAL

78 500 000 444,220,000

Table 25: Personal Emolument Designation

2013/2014

principle forest officer 11 Forest Officer II Principal forest assistant Forest Assistant II

Forest Assistants Typist Security guard Drivers I

50 1 3 1

231 000 000 4 620 000 13 860 000 2 880 000

TOTAL

310 812 000

2014/2015

principle forest officer 11 Forest Officer II Principal forest assistant Forest Assistant II Forest Assistants

1 2 2 1 50

15894000 14148000 24340800 5022000 236700000

Present/ Required 1 2 2 1

Financial year

Annual Salary 15 588 000 13 872 000 24 072 000 4 920 000

Annual Increment 25500 23000 22400 8500 475000 8500 8500 5600

15 588 000 13 872 000 24 072 000 4 920 000 231 000 000 4 620 000 9 240 000 2 880 000

577 000 25500 23000 22400 8500 475000

Total Payment

306 192 000 15588000 13872000 24072000 4920000 231000000

Typist Security guard Drivers I

1 3 1

4722000 13962000 2947200

TOTAL

317 736 000

2015/2016

principle forest officer 11 Forest Officer II Principal forest assistant Forest Assistant II Forest Assistants Typist Security guard Drivers I

1 2 2 1 50 1 3 1

16 200 000 14 424 000 24 609 600 5 124 000 242 400 000 4 824 000 14 064 000 3 014 400

TOTAL

324 660 000

2016/2017

principle forest officer 11 Forest Officer II Principal forest assistant Forest Assistant II

1 2 2 1

16506000 14700000 24878400 5226000

2017/2018

Forest Assistants Typist Security guard Drivers I TOTAL principle forest officer 11 Forest Officer II Principal forest assistant Forest Assistant II Forest Assistants Typist Security guard Drivers I TOTAL GRAND TOTAL

50 1 3 1 1 2 2 1 50 1 3 1

248100000 4926000 14166000 3081600 331 584 000 16 812 000 14 976 000 25 147 200 5 328 000 253 800 000 5 028 000 14 268 000 3 148 800 338 508 000

8500 8500 5600

4620000 9240000 2880000 577

000 25500 23000 22400 8500 475000 8500 8500 5600

306 192 000 15588000 13872000 24072000 4920000 231000000 4620000 9240000 2880000

577

306 192 000

000 25500 23000 22400 8500

15588000 13872000 24072000 4920000

475000 8500 8500 5600 577000 25500 23000 22400 8500 475000 8500 8500 5600 577000

231000000 4620000 9240000 2880000 306192000 15588000 13872000 24072000 4920000 231000000 4620000 9240000 2880000 306192000 1 530 960 000

Table 26: SUMMARY OF ESTIMATES (TSHS) SN

Expenditure

Running, maintenance and procurement of vehicles

588,000,000

Maintenance and construction of building and other installation

440,678,800

Office Administration

1,078,897,562

Silviculture, Protection and resource assesment

6,067,404,000

Maintenance and construction of roads

1,733,576,000

Personal Emolment

1,530,960,000

TOTAL

11,439,516,362

Amount

Reference

CHAPTER

5 43 Â

5. APPENDICES Appendix 1: Fire Plan This is an outline of the fire protection plan for the Sao Hill - Division IV (Mgololo) Forest Plantation and neighbouring natural forest and other land above the plantation. It is a standing instruction to all staff of the Plantation area. 5.1.1 Fire causes (1) Sometimes fire may escape during Land preparation. (2) Travellers on roads and paths. (3) Entry of bush fires from outside the forest. (4) Hunting (Poachers). (5) Arsons. (6) Bee honey collectors. (7) Saw millers logging crews during their activities. 5.1.2 Fire seasons The critical fire season is from July to December 5.1.3 Vulnerable areas The following list indicates the order of priority, which helps in determining the degree of patrol and attention: (1) Areas adjacent to newly harvested compartments. (2) Areas of local community neighbouring the Kitasengwa, Magunguli, and Luiga ranges 5.1.4 Fire protection measures (permanent measures) Fire protection measures will be of two types: i) Major fire breaks. These are clear felled or cultivated belts of 33.0 m wide or planted with Eucalyptus tree species. These firebreaks are to be maintained annually in May and June before the onset of the fire season. ii) Minor firebreaks Minor firebreaks will start and end at the road and compartment boundaries 13.2 m wide. Where the road exists, it will be kept clean of vegetation. 5.1.5 Location of fire breaks (1) Footing of Mufindi escapement west towards east nature reserve (2) Eastern end of plantation along Simbi hamlet (3) Green resources across Lugala village to ngokamisi river (4) A boundary fire break around Kisilu and Magunguli plantations

44 Â

5.1.6 Communication 5.1.6.1 Roads Roads will provide access for fire fighting and fire baseline for counter firing. 5.1.6.2 Telephone Telephone service (cellular phones) to cover the entire plantation area. During this plan period, this telecommunication system will be improved and maintained by providing the workers with airtime. 5.1.6.3 Shamba allocation Attention will be given to the clear felled areas where there are many burnable materials, which can be source of fires during land preparation. 5.1.6.4 Responsibility of staff Forest staffs are immediately responsible for all fire prevention measures in the assigned ranges and they will organize and supervise fire-fighting operation. There will always be a responsible Officer on duty, a standby vehicle and driver and other staffs on duty at the plantation main office all time during the fire season. A fire roster will be prepared and maintained during fire season. Every licensee is obliged to participate in fire fighting and this is one of the conditions to obtain license. During the period of highest fire danger there will be a permanent fire fighting crew of six permanent staff at the range centres. 5.1.6.5 Entrances to different parts of the plantation (i) Ruaha river entrance into the plantation (ii) Entrance from Pangamaganga (iii) Entrance from Kimwaga mapesa (iv) Entrance from end of tarmac road from Mafinga 5.1.6.6 Burning regulations Burning in shambas will require the permission of in charge of the Range who must be satisfied that there is no risk of fire escaping before giving this permission. This officer will have to check the area if it is adjacent to plantation or if it is next to area of high fire danger. 5.1.6.7Training Improved People trained on fire fighting techniques (on-job training). The training will emphasize on:(i) The importance of fires prevention, quick and unconditional response to fire alarms. (ii) Means and methods of fire suppression. (iii) Use of fire fighting equipment and tools. (iv) Safety measures during fire fighting. 5.1.6.8 Maintenance of fire equipment Equipments to be checked just before the onset of dry season and immediately after use. After work and on weekends, vehicles to be filled up with fuel and left in good running condition. Water tanks to be filled up, with water at all the time and immediately after use. Chain saws to be checked and kept in good running order.

45 Â

5.1.6.9 Fire fighting Different fires require different fire fighting methods and tactics. The method of fighting will be decided and supervised by the fire boss in-charge but it can involve either or both of:(i) Direct attack (ii) Indirect attack Both methods involve(i) Beating up smoother (ii) Suppression by spraying with water (iii) Isolation by hoeing, ploughing or bulldozing (iv) Counter-firing, but it is unlikely that all methods be applied at once and for the same fire. 5.1.6.10 Fire patrols These will be arranged by the Foresters Assistant in charge of ranges and will cover all areas of fire danger. Forest fires outside the plantation area and in the heather land will be fought and suppressed as if they are within the plantation. 5.1.6.12 Fire report After a fire within plantation or natural forest, the Forest Manager will submit a report together with his comments to the Chief Executive TFS. The fire report will include: (i)

Forest Plantation name and date.

(ii) Location of fire (indicate compartment and sub-compartment species involved and year planted). (iii) Time of the day and of the week the fire was reported. (iv) Cause and /or the supposed causes of the fire. (v) Weather conditions of that day (e.g. cloudy, dry and sunny, strong winds, etc.) (vi) Means of reporting and when did fire crew reached scene of fire (if no exact time is known, state the approximate interval between time fire was reported and when the crew was dispatched to the (V) Arriving interval and extinguishing the fire for fire crew (vii) Number of people involved in the fire fighting operation. (viii) Type of equipment used during operation. (ix) Damage (if any) sustained to equipment and estimated cost of repair and replacement of losses. (x) Injuries sustained to personnel during the fire fighting operation. (xi) Acreage burnt and estimated cost of the damage. (xii) Estimated cost of fighting the fire and if labour was paid or free.

46 Â

Appendix 2: Organisation chart

Transportation of Transplants to planting sites

Sorting

Root pruning

Beating up in the pots

Seedling bed preparation

Pricking out and transplanting

Spraying, and weeding

Watering of nursery

Seed sowing

Soil mixing, soil watering And pot filling

Preparation of soil in the Forest and transportation to the nursery

Operations

Month July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Appendix 3: Calendar for Annual Nursery Operationsâ&#x20AC;&#x201C;Sao Hill - Division IV (Mgololo) plantation Feb.

March

April

May

June

Appendix 4: Management Plan Forms Area with Satisfactory Growing Stock Only MANAGEMENT PLAN PLANTATION: DIVISION IV - SAO HILL FOREST AREA AND TREE SPECIES

Date: 08/06/2009

Full scientific Name

Hectares

1.AREAS WITH SATISFACTOR GROWING STOCK

Soft woods: Pinus patula Pinus caribaea Pinus kesiya Pinus ellioti Pinus patula&Pinus kesiya Pinus caribaea&Pinus patula TOTAL SOFT WOOD

2945.07 2635.76 75.17 979.91 13.08 3714.58 116.27 7844.08

Eucalyptus grandis Eucalyptus maidenii Eucalyptus grandis&Eucalyptus maidenii TOTAL HARD WOOD

1516.38 55.38 30.06 1601.82

Hardwoods:

2. OPEN AREAS (AND OTHER AREAS)ONCE PLANTED BUT NOW IN NEED OF REPLANTING Ordinarily clearflelled areas: 176.91 ha Encreached ares: 0 ha Burnt areas : 0 ha Windfalled areas: 0 Ha Planting failed: 0 Ha ( reason: ………………) In other ways damaged areas: 0 ha (kind of damage: WILD ANIMALS…… Total replanting needs: 176.91 ha Species to be used for replanting of above areas:

PINES

Appendix 5: Planted areas (ha) by year and species BLOCK

SUB BLOCK

CMPT

SPP

P/YEAR

AREA

REMARKS

KITASENGWA

KT5

KT5_6

45.85

HARVESTED

KITASENGWA

KT5

KT5_11

35.85

HARVESTED

KITASENGWA

KT5

KT5_8

42.67

HARVESTED

KITASENGWA

KT5

KT5_7

52.54

HARVESTED

KITASENGWA

KT6

KT6_2

PP/PK

2013

28.17

LUIGA

P2013

PK/PP

2013

1050

KITASENGWA

KT5

KT5_12

PP/PK

2013

47.18

KITASENGWA

KT3

KT3_2C

PP/PK

2013

23.45

KITASENGWA

KT2

KT2_13

2013

20.87

KITASENGWA

KT4

KT4_1.1

2013

95.2

LUGALA

LUG6

LUG6_2

2013

15.45

KITASENGWA

KT5

KT5_5

2013

48.22

KITASENGWA

KT5

KT5_13

2013

26.63

LUGALA

LUG3

LUG3_1

2013

11.45

LUIGA

P2012B

PK/PP

2012

807.8

LUGALA

LUG3

LUG3_5

PP/PK

2012

41.45

KITASENGWA

KT3

KT3_12

PP/PK

2012

42.67

KITASENGWA

KT2

KT2_11

2012

10.49

KITASENGWA

KT2

KT2_12

2012

13.09

LUIGA

P2012C

PK/EG

2012

205.4

LUIGA

P2012A

EG/PP

2012

KITASENGWA

KT6

KT6_1

2012

75.17

KITASENGWA

KT1

KT1_4

2012

13.08

KITASENGWA

KT3

KT3_10

2012

22.26

KITASENGWA

KT3

KT3_11

2012

29.26

LUGALA

LUG3

LUG3_6.1

2012

19.8

LUIGA

P2012

2012

642.2

LUIGA

P2011B

PK/PP

2011

768.92

LUIGA

P2011

PP/PK

2011

391.91

LUIGA

KS22

EG/EM

2011

7.66

LUGALA

LUG3

LUG3_14.1

2011

LUGALA

LUG6

LUG6_6

2011

98.71

LUGALA

LUG2

LUG2_1.2

2011

9.73

KITASENGWA

KT3

KT3_5

2011

12.89

KITASENGWA

KT3

KT3_1.2

2011

11.34

LUGALA

LUG6

LUG6_3

2011

32.16

LUGALA

LUG6

LUG6_4

PK/PP

2010

7.99

LUGALA

LUG2

LUG2_4

2010

29.28

LUGALA

LUG2

LUG2_2

2010

30.81

LUGALA

LUG2

LUG2_8

2010

23.74

LUGALA

LUG3

LUG3_10

2010

18.54

LUGALA

LUG3

LUG3_3

2010

15.1

LUGALA

LUG3

LUG3_6.2

2010

7.47

LUGALA

LUG1

LUG1_1

2010

19.63

LUGALA

LUG3

LUG3_2

2010

17.05

LUGALA

LUG2

LUG2_6

2010

22.86

LUGALA

LUG5

LUG5_5

2010

65.03

LUGALA

LUG3

LUG3_9

2010

7.65

LUGALA

LUG2

LUG2_1.1

2010

15.48

LUGALA

LUG3

LUG3_11

2010

21.09

KITASENGWA

KT5

KT5_3

2010

41.06

KITASENGWA

KT3

KT3_6.2

2010

6.77

LUGALA

LUG6

LUG6_7.2

2010

7.66

LUIGA

P2010

2010

416.4

LUIGA

P2010A

2010

LUIGA

P2009

PP/PK

2009

373

KITASENGWA

KT3

KT3_8

PK/PP

2009

16.84

KITASENGWA

KT5

KT5_2

PC/PP

2009

53.39

LUGALA

LUG3

LUG3_8

2009

19.62

LUGALA

LUG3

LUG3_7

2009

18.78

LUGALA

LUG2

LUG2_5

2009

12.54

LUGALA

LUG5

LUG5_2

2009

41.87

KITASENGWA

KT3

KT3_9

2009

11.71

KITASENGWA

KT4

KT4_2

2009

59.37

KITASENGWA

KT5

KT5_4

2009

25.83

KITASENGWA

KT3

KT3_7

2009

KITASENGWA

KT5

KT5_14

2009

36.13

LUIGA

P2009B

2009

KITASENGWA

KT5

KT5_1

PC/PP

2008

62.88

KITASENGWA

KT2

KT2_19

2008

33.76

LUIGA

P2009A

PP/PK/EG

2008

200

KITASENGWA

KT2

KT2_17

2008

26.16

KITASENGWA

KT2

KT2_18

2008

48.02

LUIGA

KS1

2007

2.72

LUIGA

KS12

2007

6.49

LUIGA

KS13

2007

4.4

LUIGA

KS14

2007

5.61

LUIGA

KS3

2007

1.9

LUIGA

KS4

2007

3.29

LUIGA

KS5

2007

2.47

LUIGA

KS9

2007

2.92

LUIGA

P2007B

2007

LUGALA

LUG1

LUG1_2

2007

26.72

LUIGA

P2007A

2007

KISILU

KS_2

2007

4.14

KISILU

KS_6

2007

3.71

KISILU

KS_7

2007

4.81

KISILU

KS_8

2007

3.4

KISILU

KS_10

2007

4.52

KISILU

KS_11

2007

12.57

KITASENGWA

KT1

KT1_10

2007

2.83

KITASENGWA

KT1

KT1_8

2007

13.04

KITASENGWA

KT1

KT1_9

2007

15.96

KITASENGWA

KT3

KT3_1.1

2007

6.07

KITASENGWA

KT3

KT3_2A

2007

25.81

KITASENGWA

KT3

KT3_4

2007

38.04

KITASENGWA

KT1

KT1_2

2007

10.65

KITASENGWA

KT1

KT1_11

2007

23.43

KITASENGWA

KT1

KT1_14

2007

15.89

KITASENGWA

KT3

KT3_3

2007

8.29

KITASENGWA

KT1

KT1_1

2007

6.12

KITASENGWA

KT1

KT1_3

2007

22.3

LUIGA

P2006B

2006

KITASENGWA

KT1

KT1_12

2006

12.81

KITASENGWA

KT1

KT1_15.2

2006

16.33

KITASENGWA

KT1

KT1_15.1

2006

5.56

KITASENGWA

KT1

KT1_5

2006

20.82

KITASENGWA

KT3

KT3_6.1

2006

KITASENGWA

KT1

KT1_13

2006

6.1

LUIGA

P2006

2006

191

LUIGA

KS19

2005

8.22

KISILU

KS_21

2005

12.57

KITASENGWA

KT1

FIRE WOOD

2005

12.58

KITASENGWA

KT2

KT2_5

2005

23.24

KITASENGWA

KT2

KT2_6

2005

14.88

KITASENGWA

KT2

KT2_7.1

2005

10.95

KITASENGWA

KT4

KT4_1.2

2005

4.8

KISILU

KS_20

2005

2.02

LUIGA

P2005

2005

177

LUIGA

KS14

2004

4.88

KITASENGWA

KT2

KT2_1

2004

31.35

KITASENGWA

KT2

KT2_2

2004

13.69

KITASENGWA

KT2

KT2_4

2004

33.11

LUIGA

P2004

PK/EG

2004

184.9

LUIGA

P2004A

PK/EG

2004

10.34

LUIGA

P2006A

Pk/Pp

2003

LUIGA

KS18

2003

3.87

KITASENGWA

KT2

KT2_3

2003

30.77

KITASENGWA

KT2

KT2_10

2003

26.36

KITASENGWA

KT2

KT2_14

2003

26.66

KITASENGWA

KT2

KT2_15

2003

30.31

KITASENGWA

KT2

KT2_16

2003

8.89

LUGALA

LUG3

LUG3_13

EG/PP

2003

32.22

KITASENGWA

KT2

KT2_9

2003

8.87

LUIGA

P2003

2002

158

KITASENGWA

KT1

KT1_6

2000

23.78

KITASENGWA

KT1

KT1_7

2000

LUIGA

P1997

EG/PP

1997

16.4

KITASENGWA

KT7

KT7_1

PP/EG

1997

44.69

KITASENGWA

KT7

KT7_2

1997

41.66

KITASENGWA

KT4

KT4_1B

PP/PK

1996

MAGUNGULI

MAG3

MAG3_3

PP/CL

1991

174

LUGALA

LUG6

LUG6_7.1

1990

21.2

LUGALA

LUG5

LUG5_3

1989

43.03

LUGALA

LUG5

LUG5_4

1989

17.66

LUGALA

LUG5

LUG5_1

1989

23.32

MAGUNGULI

MAG2

MAG2_2

1989

196.6

LUGALA

LUG4

LUG4_(1-5)

1988

219.56

MAGUNGULI

MAGI

MAG1_1

1988

120

KITASENGWA

KT5

KT5_10

PP/PK

1986

65.2

LUGALA

LUG3

LUG3_12

1986

20.32

LUGALA

LUG3

LUG3_14.2

1986

33.35

KITASENGWA

KT5

KT5_9

1986

39.76

LUGALA

LUG1

LUG1_3

EG/EM

1984

22.4

LUGALA

LUG1

LUG1_4

1984

29.28

LUGALA

LUG2

LUG2_1.1

1984

8.6

LUGALA

LUG2

LUG2_7

1983

24.77

TOTAL AREA

9622.81

89088.07

2017/2018

TOTAL

MAG1_1

3066.79

2016/2017

TOTAL

MAG1_1

KT5_10

0.00

2015/2016

TOTAL

KT5_10

0.00

2014/2015

TOTAL

KT5_10

KT5_9

Compt no

C.F

168.36

Thinning vol

2013/14

YEAR

Appendix 6: Allowable Cut

PP/PK/PC

SPP

AGE

10.05

79.24

30.71

22.69

35.08

3.72

39.76

Area( Ha)

399.38

989.49

776.33

Vol/Ha

4013.00

31646.00

34713.01

12266.00

22447.00

34713.03

34544.50

3677.50

30867.00

Total Vol

34712.855

Allowable cut

-58388

Vol

10.05

89.29

22.69

57.77

Area

REMAINING C/F

Appendix 7: Silvicultural needs for Pines and Eucalypus year

Operation

2013/14

Nursery Seedlings (No) Land preparation (ha) Weeding (ha) (once) Beating up (ha) Singling (ha) Coppice reduction(Eucalyptus)

Total Silvicultural Cost

2014/15

Nursery Seedlings (No)

Unit cost 70 108000 135000 54000 135000 135000

000 Tshs

Quantity

3000000 210 000 000 1207.9 130 453 200 2207 297 945 000 182 9 828 000 339.64 45 851 400 652.09 88 032 150 782 109 750

3000000

210000000

Land preparation (ha)

108000

1207.9

130453200

Weeding (ha) (once)

135000

2207

297945000

Beating up (ha)

54000

182

9828000

Singling (ha)

135000

13.71

1850850

Coppice reduction(Eucalyptus)

135000

85.27

11511450

Total Silvicultural Cost

661588500

2015/16

Nursery Seedlings (No)

3000000

210000000

Land preparation (ha)

108000

1207.9

130453200

Weeding (ha) (once)

135000

2000

270000000

Beating up (ha)

54000

150

8100000

Singling (ha)

135000

112.77

15223950

Coppice reduction(Eucalyptus)

135000

124.44

16799400

Total Silvicultural Cost

2016/17

Nursery Seedlings (No)

650576550

3000000

210000000

Land preparation (ha)

108000

1207.9

19505

Weeding (ha) (once)

135000

2000

166000

Beating up (ha)

54000

150

93000

Singling (ha)

135000

71.67

6701.145

Coppice reduction(Eucalyptus)

135000

77.43

6031.797

Total Silvicultural Cost

2017/18

Nursery Seedlings (No)

210291237.9 70

3000000

210000000

Land preparation (ha)

108000

1207.9

130453200

Weeding (ha) (once)

135000

2000

270000000

Beating up (ha)

54000

150

8100000

Singling (ha)

135000

Coppice reduction(Eucalyptus)

135000

16.4

2214000

Total Silvicultural Cost

GRAND TOTAL

620767200

2925333238

Appendix 8: Age class distribution Age class Open area Natural forests Extension area ≤5 6 to 10 11 to 15 16 to 20 21 to 25 ˃ 25 Total

Area/Species Open area 176.91 2080 11634.75 13891.66

Appendix 9:Location map

PP PK 3022.99 2513.66 900.85 53.78 90.35 490.6 104.96 4558.57 2618.62

showing Sao Hill Forest Plantation

PE 13 13

Euc Spp 1066.39 551.35 158 16.4 324.77 138.72 2255.63

Total 176.91 2080 11634.75 6616.04 1452.2 211.78 106.75 815.37 243.68 23337.48

Appendix 11: Site Class BLOCK

SUB BLOCK

CMPT

KITASENGWA

KT5

KT5_6

45.85

OPEN AREA

KITASENGWA

KT5

KT5_11

35.85

OPEN AREA

KITASENGWA

KT5

KT5_8

42.67

OPEN AREA

KITASENGWA

KT5

KT5_13

2013

26.63

KITASENGWA

KT5

KT5_7

52.54

OPEN AREA

LUGALA

LUG3

LUG3_1

2013

11.45

KITASENGWA

KT3

KT3_2C

pp/pk/pc

2013

23.45

KITASENGWA

KT4

KT4_1.1

pk/pp

2013

95.2

KITASENGWA

KT2

KT2_13

2013

20.87

KITASENGWA

KT5

KT5_5

2013

48.22

KITASENGWA

KT5

KT5_12

PK/PP

2013

47.18

LUGALA

LUG6

LUG6_2

PK/PP

2013

15.45

LUIGA

P2013

Pk/pp

2013

1050

KITASENGWA

KT6

KT6_2

EG/Pp

2013

28.17

LUGALA

LUG3

LUG3_6.1

2012

19.8

LUGALA

LUG3

LUG3_5

PK/PP

2012

41.45

LUIGA

P2012

2012

642.2

LUIGA

P2012B

Pk/pp

2012

807.8

KITASENGWA

KT6

KT6_1

2012

75.17

LUIGA

P2012A

Eg/pp

2012

KITASENGWA

KT3

KT3_10

2012

22.26

KITASENGWA

KT3

KT3_11

2012

29.26

LUIGA

P2012C

Eg/pk

2012

205.4

KITASENGWA

KT1

KT1_4

2012

KITASENGWA

KT2

KT2_11

2012

10.49

KITASENGWA

KT2

KT2_12

2012

13.09

KITASENGWA

KT3

KT3_12

pp/pk

2012

42.67

LUIGA

KS22

Eg/Em

2011

7.66

LUIGA

P2011

Pp/pk

2011

391.91

KITASENGWA

KT3

KT3_1.2

2011

11.34

LUIGA

P2011B

Pc/pk/pp

2011

768.92

SPP P/YEAR

AREA

AGE SITE REMARKS (YRS) CLASS

LUGALA

LUG6

LUG6_6

2011

98.71

LUGALA

LUG6

LUG6_3

2011

32.16

LUGALA

LUG3

LUG3_14.1

2011

KITASENGWA

KT3

KT3_5

2011

12.89

LUGALA

LUG2

LUG2_1.2

2011

9.73

LUGALA

LUG3

LUG3_11

2010

21.09

LUIGA

P2010

2010

416.4

LUIGA

P2010A

2010

LUGALA

LUG6

LUG6_4

PK/PP

2010

7.99

LUGALA

LUG6

LUG6_7.2

2010

7.66

KITASENGWA

KT5

KT5_3

EM/PK

2010

41.06

LUGALA

LUG3

LUG3_2

2010

17.05

LUGALA

LUG2

LUG2_1.1

2010

15.48

LUGALA

LUG3

LUG3_9

EG/PK

2010

7.65

LUGALA

LUG5

LUG5_5

2010

65.03

LUGALA

LUG1

LUG1_1

2010

19.63

LUGALA

LUG3

LUG3_3

2010

15.1

LUGALA

LUG2

LUG2_2

2010

30.81

LUGALA

LUG3

LUG3_6.2

2010

7.47

LUGALA

LUG2

LUG2_6

2010

22.86

LUGALA

LUG2

LUG2_8

2010

23.74

LUGALA

LUG2

LUG2_4

2010

29.28

LUGALA

LUG3

LUG3_10

2010

18.54

KITASENGWA

KT3

KT3_6.2

2010

6.77

LUIGA

P2009B

2009

LUGALA

LUG5

LUG5_2

2009

41.87

LUGALA

LUG3

LUG3_7

2009

18.78

KITASENGWA

KT3

KT3_8

pp/pk

2009

16.84

KITASENGWA

KT5

KT5_2

PC/PP

2009

53.39

KITASENGWA

KT3

KT3_7

2009

LUIGA

P2009

Pp/pk

2009

373

KITASENGWA

KT4

KT4_2

2009

59.37

KITASENGWA

KT3

KT3_9

2009

11.71

LUGALA

LUG2

LUG2_5

2009

12.54

KITASENGWA

KT5

KT5_4

2009

25.83

KITASENGWA

KT5

KT5_14

2009

36.13

LUGALA

LUG3

LUG3_8

2009

19.62

KITASENGWA

KT5

KT5_1

PC/PP

2008

62.88

KITASENGWA

KT2

KT2_17

2008

26.16

KITASENGWA

KT2

KT2_18

2008

48.02

LUIGA

P2009A

Eg/Pk/Pp

2008

200

KITASENGWA

KT2

KT2_19

2008

33.76

KITASENGWA

KT1

KT1_1

2007

6.12

6 III

KITASENGWA

KT1

KT1_3

2007

22.3

6 III

KITASENGWA

KT1

KT1_14

2007

15.89

6 III

KITASENGWA

KT3

KT3_3

2007

8.29

6 III

KITASENGWA

KT1

KT1_11

2007

23.43

6 III

KITASENGWA

KT1

KT1_2

2007

10.65

6 III

KITASENGWA

KT1

KT1_9

2007

15.96

6 II

KITASENGWA

KT3

KT3_1.1

2007

6.07

6 II

LUIGA

P2007A

2007

KITASENGWA

KT3

KT3_2A

2007

25.81

6 II

LUIGA

P2007B

2007

KITASENGWA

KT1

KT1_8

2007

13.04

6 II

KITASENGWA

KT3

KT3_4

2007

38.04

6 II

LUIGA

KS13

2007

4.4

LUGALA

LUG1

LUG1_2

EG/ES

2007

26.72

KISILU

KS_7

2007

4.81

KISILU

KS_2

2007

4.14

KISILU

KS_6

2007

3.71

LUIGA

KS12

2007

6.49

LUIGA

KS1

2007

2.72

LUIGA

KS5

2007

2.47

LUIGA

KS14

2007

5.61

LUIGA

KS3

2007

1.9

KITASENGWA

KT1

KT1_10

2007

2.83

LUIGA

KS9

2007

2.92

KISILU

KS_8

2007

3.4

KISILU

KS_10

2007

4.52

LUIGA

KS4

2007

3.29

KISILU

KS_11

2007

12.57

KITASENGWA

KT1

KT1_13

2006

6.1

7 III

KITASENGWA

KT3

KT3_6.1

2006

7 III

KITASENGWA

KT1

KT1_5

2006

20.82

7 III

LUIGA

P2006

2006

191

7 II

KITASENGWA

KT1

KT1_12

2006

12.81

KITASENGWA

KT1

KT1_15.1

2006

5.56

7 I

LUIGA

P2006B

2006

KITASENGWA

KT1

KT1_15.2

2006

16.33

LUIGA

P2005

2005

177

8 III

KISILU

KS_20

2005

2.02

KITASENGWA

KT2

KT2_6

2005

14.88

KITASENGWA

KT4

KT4_1.2

2005

4.8

LUIGA

KS19

2005

8.22

KITASENGWA

KT1

FIRE WOOD

2005

12.58

KISILU

KS_21

2005

12.57

KITASENGWA

KT2

KT2_5

2005

23.24

KITASENGWA

KT2

KT2_7.1

2005

10.95

LUIGA

P2004A

Eg/Pk

2004

10.34

KITASENGWA

KT2

KT2_4

2004

33.11

LUIGA

P2004

Pk/Eg

2004

184.9

9 I

KITASENGWA

KT2

KT2_1

2004

31.35

KITASENGWA

KT2

KT2_2

2004

13.69

LUIGA

KS14

Eg/Pp

2004

4.88

LUIGA

P2006A

Pk/Pp

2003

10 V

LUIGA

KS18

2003

3.87

LUGALA

LUG3

LUG3_13

EG/PP

2003

32.22

KITASENGWA

KT2

KT2_9

2003

8.87

10 I

KITASENGWA

KT2

KT2_15

2003

30.31

KITASENGWA

KT2

KT2_16

2003

8.89

KITASENGWA

KT2

KT2_14

2003

26.66

KITASENGWA

KT2

KT2_3

2003

30.77

KITASENGWA

KT2

KT2_10

2003

26.36

LUIGA

P2003

2002

158

11 III

KITASENGWA

KT1

KT1_6

2000

23.78

KITASENGWA

KT1

KT1_7

2000

KITASENGWA

KT7

KT7_2

1997

41.66

16 III

KITASENGWA

KT7

KT7_1

pp/eg

1997

44.69

16 III

LUIGA

P1997

Eg/Pp

1997

16.4

KITASENGWA

KT4

KT4_1B

pp/pk

1996

17 II

MAGUNGULI

MAG3

MAG3_3

Pp/Cl

1991

174

22 III

LUGALA

LUG6

LUG6_7.1

EG/PP

1990

21.2

MAGUNGULI

MAG2

MAG2_2

1989

196.6

24 III

LUGALA

LUG5

LUG5_1

1989

23.32

LUGALA

LUG5

LUG5_4

1989

17.66

LUGALA

LUG5

LUG5_3

1989

43.03

MAGUNGULI

MAGI

MAG1_1

1988

120

25 III

LUGALA

LUG4

LUG4_(15)

EG/PP

1988

219.56

LUGALA

LUG3

LUG3_14.2

1986

33.35

LUGALA

LUG3

LUG3_12

1986

20.32

KITASENGWA

KT5

KT5_9

1986

39.76

KITASENGWA

KT5

KT5_10

pp/pk/pc

1986

65.2

LUGALA

LUG2

LUG2_1.1

1984

8.6

LUGALA

LUG1

LUG1_4

EG/EM

1984

29.28

LUGALA

LUG1

LUG1_3

EG/EM

1984

22.4

LUGALA

LUG2

LUG2_7

1983

24.77

62 Â

63 Â

NOTES

64 Â

65 Â