Longuza forest plantation management plan by BAKARI R. KACHEUKA ( +255 676510464 )

United Republic of Tanzania MINISTRY OF NATURAL RESOURCES AND TOURISM TANZANIA FORESTRY SERVICES AGENCY

LONGUZA FOREST PLANTATION

MANAGEMENT PLAN

(2013/14-2017/18)

APPROVAL AND DISTRIBUTION This Management plan for Longuza Forest Plantation has been prepared and compiled by Plantation manager and approved by the Chief Executive Officer-Tanzania forest Services Agency. Compiled by; Abdallah A. Mchomvu Manager â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Longuza Forest Plantation Approved by; Juma Mgoo Chief Executive Tanzania Forest Service Agency

Approving date: August 2013

Signature..........................

Distribution of copies The plantation Manager shall produce at least 17 copies of the approved plan, which shall be distributed as follows; - Project Manager (2); - Director of Forestry and Beekeeping (10); - Forestry training institute Olmotonyi (1); - Forestry Industries Training Institute (1); - Sokoine University of Agriculture (1); - TAFORI (1); - TTSA (1);

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EXCECUTIVE SUMMARY

he document clearly explains Longuza Forest Plantation Management objectives which are intended to be implemented in the period 2013/2014 to 20117/2018. It is the 6th revised version since the establishment of the project.

The overall goal for Longuza Forest plantation Management Plan is to ensure sustainable supply of forest products and services to the forest based industries and community as a whole. This will be achieved by replanting the harvested areas, carry out proper tending operations, protect the forest from any damage (ie; wild fires, animals and illegal activities from people), carry out resource assessment and protect the forest soil. The other goals are to protect the whole forest (i:e plantation and natural forest) therefore conserving water sources, stabilizing the ecosystem and biodiversity conservation. In river side’s especially Sigi and Kihuhwi , this will be maintained and left undisturbed during harvesting activities for 50m but if necessary teak trees will be removed encouraging natural regeneration and enrichment planting. Also for the conservation purposes, Longuza forest plantation will act as buffer zone for Amani Nature Reserve being a source of forest products to be used by wood industries and human needs. The preparation of this management plan is based on the existing policies and laws, ecological and socioeconomic studies conducted inside and outside the plantation. Also other information was gathered from existing office documents and/or files and personal communications with key stakeholders. Data for this Management plan was collected on December 2012 by the Forest Inventory Section in collaboration with Longuza Forest Management. The data provides information for determination of different silvicultural operation to be carried out and and forecasting the standing and allowable volume. The standing total volume was estimated to be 244,469.00 m³. The age class distribution of the plantation is uneven meaning that the forest is not normal. Therefore the main objective of this plan is to regulate the forest close to normal. The annual planting target is expected to be 50Ha in Kihuhwi range and 30ha in Kolekole range from year 2014/15to 2016/17 while the allowable cut is estimated to be 12,261m³ per year from 50Ha which might include both thinning and clear-felling. During the planning period the main species to be planted at Longuza Forest Plantations includes Tectona grandis and in small scale is Terminalia sp, Eucalyptus sp (in Kolekole area). The choice of species is based on performance and market demands or as been directed by technical paper. Land preparation will be done by the office using short term employment of people around the forest. Planting will be done during the short rains (October-November which is not reliable) and will be continued during the long rains in March to April where the rain are more reliable. Planting and beating up targets for the planning period is 340ha and 70ha respectively. Also planting of 200ha will be done in the extension area if fund is available. A total of 6 compartments will be planted in the plan period. Weeding in young plantations will also be done in combination of taungya system and by casula labourer for one to two years age. Thereafter weeding will be done by the casual labouerer 100% and the method of weeding to be used in Longuza forest plantation will be manual. Singling and access pruning will be combined with weeding at young stand at the age of 3 and 4 years then management may continue with high pruning at age of 5 to 10 year. All this should be done during dry season to reduce the chances of fungal and insect attack through wounds. First thinning at 5 years and second at 10years will be done for stands that were established with a spacing of 3m x 3m and/or spacing of 2.5m x 3

2.5m. The methods to be used for thinning will be selective. Trees to be removed will be marked by technical staff before allowed for removal. During the planning period there will be a construction of 3km of new access road at the extension area in Longuza range and the road will be of earth road standard. In the same period the plantation will maintain about 105km of forest roads. The intention is to maintain all the roads to make the plantation accessible whenever fund will be available and possible. Two (2) buildings will be constructed at two different forest ranges (Longuza and Kolekole). One building will be constructed during the period of 2014/15 and the other one buildings will be constructed in year 2015/16. Maintenance of the 21 buildings will be done throughout the plan period. During the plan period 2 vehicle and 3 motor cycles will be procured for different plantation activities. One vehicle and two motorcycles will be procured in year 2013/14 while one vehicle and one motorcycle will be purchased in year 2014/15. A total of 6 vehicle, 1 generator, 4 chainsaws and 4 motor cycles will be maintained. Replacement of unserviceable tools and equipment will be done during the plan period. The Forest Manager will request replacement of Equipment, 2vehicles and 4 chainsaws machinery marked for disposition and sold out during the planning period. Also the Forest Plantation will improve communication facilities by purchasing and installing internet services, fax, landline telephone, mobile phones and TV just after the installation of National Electricity grid. The use of mobile phones is also encouraged as it facilitates the communication between staff and other plantation stakeholders for official and private purposes. In order to improve social services of staff and their families, the management will continue supporting the Longuza Forest Dispensary and other social affairs which is been allowed by the government whenever necessary. The forest management will also encourage and support workers and their families to participate in different sports and games such as football and netball. The plantation manager will strive to cover the staff deficit of 44 staff. Recruitments of temporary staff will be initiated by the Forest Manager whenever need arises. In the planning period, a total of 10 staff will be trained through short courses/on job training in order to improve their working capacities. The long term training programme will be financed by the TFS. The aim is to ensure that all staffs are competent in their working areas. A total of Tsh 28,687, 612,005/= will be collected from the sale of forest produces and other non forest products or services during, plan period. During the management plan period, the plantation will spend a total amount of TSh. 5,210,610,625/= for implementing planned operations as detailed in Tables 6,7,8,9 and 10. However, staff salaries will continue to be paid by the TFS.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The Longuza Forest Plantation Management wishes to extend its deep appreciation to Tanzania Forest Services Agency (TFS) for its facilitation in term of human resources and fund which makes the preparation of this management plan more easier. I also appreciate the contribution provided by the Department of Forest Mensuration and Management, Faculty of Forestry and Nature Conservation (FoNC) of the Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA) in terms of data analysis and guidance for preparation of this plan. It is the time without forgetting to express our sincere thanks to the entire staff of Longuza Forest Plantation for their activeness and thoughtful participation in proper data collection and the development of this Management Plan.

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CONTENTS 1.0. DESCRIPTION ............................................................................................................................... 15 1.1. GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION....................................................................................................... 15 1.2. HISTORY AND PROGRESS OF THE PLANTATION................................................................... 15 1.2.1 HISTORY........................................................................................................................................ 15 1.2.1.1 LONGUZA RANGE, KIHUHWI SIGI RANGE and KIHUHWI RANGE................................ 15 1.2.1.2 KOLEKOLE RANGE................................................................................................................. 15 1.2.1.3 LEGAL STATUS AND OWNERSHIP........................................................................................ 16 1.2.2 PROGRESS OF THE PLANTATION . ......................................................................................... 16 1.3 LAND................................................................................................................................................ 17 1.3.1 Area................................................................................................................................................. 17 1.3.2. Topography and hydrology............................................................................................................ 18 1.3.3. Geology and Soils.......................................................................................................................... 18 1.3.4. Natural Vegetation......................................................................................................................... 18 1.3.5. Biodiversity Potentials................................................................................................................... 18 1.3.6. Special feature and Sites................................................................................................................ 18 1.4. CLIMATE......................................................................................................................................... 19 1.4.1 Rainfall Distribution and Reliability............................................................................................... 19 1.4.2. Temperature................................................................................................................................... 19 1.4.3. Wind............................................................................................................................................... 19 1.5. GROWING STOCK......................................................................................................................... 19 1.5.1 Forest inventory ............................................................................................................................. 19 1.5.2 Inventory Results ........................................................................................................................... 20 1.5.3 AGE CLASS BY AREA, VOLUME AND PERCENTAGE . ....................................................... 20 1.5.4 Growth and Yield............................................................................................................................ 21 1.5.4.1 Site Classes.................................................................................................................................. 21 1.5.4.2 Current Annual Increment (CAI)................................................................................................. 21 YEAR....................................................................................................................................................... 21 Thinning Compt. No............................................................................................................................... 21 Clearfeling Compt. No............................................................................................................................. 21 1.5.4.3. Health and Vitality...................................................................................................................... 22 1.5.4.4 Management units........................................................................................................................ 22 1.6. UTILIZATION.................................................................................................................................. 22 1.6.1. Markets.......................................................................................................................................... 22 1.6.2. Logging.......................................................................................................................................... 22 1.6.3 Other use of forest land................................................................................................................... 22 1.7 PROTECTION AND CONSERVATION.......................................................................................... 23 1.7.1. Forest Fires.................................................................................................................................... 23 1.7.2. Man and domestic Animal............................................................................................................. 23 1.7.3. Wild Animals................................................................................................................................. 23 1.8. CAPITAL INVESTMENT................................................................................................................ 23 6

1.8.1. Roads............................................................................................................................................. 23 1.8.2. Buildings........................................................................................................................................ 23 1.8.3. Plants and Equipment.................................................................................................................... 24 1.8.4 Communication facilities................................................................................................................ 24 1.8.5. Water Supply . ............................................................................................................................... 25 1.9. ADMINISTRATION........................................................................................................................ 25 1.9.1 Organization . ................................................................................................................................ 25 1.9.2 Manning level................................................................................................................................. 25 1.10. SOCIAL SERVICES....................................................................................................................... 26 1.10.1. Education..................................................................................................................................... 26 1.10.2 Health............................................................................................................................................ 26 1.10.3. Religion........................................................................................................................................ 26 1.10.4. Power supply................................................................................................................................ 26 1.10.5 Social facilities and entertainment................................................................................................ 26 1.11. SOCIAL ECONOMIC ASPECTS.................................................................................................. 26 1.11.1. Land use....................................................................................................................................... 26 1.11.2. Economic activities...................................................................................................................... 27 1.11.3. Social economic impact............................................................................................................... 27 1.12. RESEARCH.................................................................................................................................... 27 1.13. CONSTRAINS AND OPPORTUNITIES...................................................................................... 27 1.13.1 CONSTRAINS............................................................................................................................. 27 1.13.2 OPPORTUNITY........................................................................................................................... 27 2.0. DIRECTIVES................................................................................................................................... 29 2.1. Overall goal....................................................................................................................................... 29 2.1.1. Wood Production............................................................................................................................ 29 2.1.2 Conservation................................................................................................................................... 29 2.2. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES................................................................................................................. 29 2.2.1. Silviculture..................................................................................................................................... 29 2.2.2. Capital investments........................................................................................................................ 29 2.2.3 Human resources . .......................................................................................................................... 30 2.2.4. Revenue generation........................................................................................................................ 30 2.2.5. Utilisation....................................................................................................................................... 30 2.2.6 Protection and conservation............................................................................................................ 30 2.2.7. Resources assessment.................................................................................................................... 30 2.3. STRATEGIC TARGETS.................................................................................................................. 30 2.3.1. Silviculture..................................................................................................................................... 30 2.3.1.1 Species......................................................................................................................................... 30 2.3.1.2. Planting Area ............................................................................................................................. 31 2.3.1.3. Nursery operations...................................................................................................................... 31 2.3.1.4 Tending operations....................................................................................................................... 31 2.3.1.4.1 Thinning.................................................................................................................................... 31 7 Â

2.3.1.4.2 Pruning...................................................................................................................................... 31 2.2. CAPITAL INVESTMENT................................................................................................................ 32 2.2.1. Roads............................................................................................................................................. 32 2.2.2. Buildings........................................................................................................................................ 32 2.2.3. Communication facilities .............................................................................................................. 32 2.2.4 Vehicles, plants and equipments..................................................................................................... 32 2.2.5. Water supply.................................................................................................................................. 32 2.2.6. Health and social facilities............................................................................................................. 32 2.2.7. Power supply.................................................................................................................................. 32 2.3. HUMAN RESOURCES................................................................................................................... 33 2.3.1. Manning level................................................................................................................................ 33 2.3.2. Training needs................................................................................................................................ 33 2.4. REVENUE GENERATION.............................................................................................................. 33 2.5. PROTECTION AND CONSERVATION......................................................................................... 33 2.5.1 Forest fires....................................................................................................................................... 33 2.5.2. Man damages................................................................................................................................. 33 2.5.3 Pests and Diseases........................................................................................................................... 33 2.6. RESOURCE ASSESSMENT .......................................................................................................... 34 2.6.1 Survey and mapping....................................................................................................................... 34 2.6.2 Inventory......................................................................................................................................... 34 2.6.3. Survival Assessment...................................................................................................................... 34 2.6.4. Assessment for Harvesting............................................................................................................. 34 2.7 RESEARCH....................................................................................................................................... 34 2.8. SOCIAL ECONOMIC ASPECTS.................................................................................................... 34 2.9. SPECIFIC COMMENTS ON THE PLANTATION......................................................................... 34 2.10. EVALUATION AND REVISION OF PAST MANAGEMENT PLAN......................................... 34 3.0. PRESCRIPTION.............................................................................................................................. 36 3.1. SILVICULTURE............................................................................................................................... 36 3.1.1. Nursery operations......................................................................................................................... 36 3.1.1.1. Species selection......................................................................................................................... 36 3.1.1.2 Soil ingredients............................................................................................................................ 36

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3.1.1.3 Seedlings raising techniques........................................................................................................ 36 3.1.1.4. Pot Sizes...................................................................................................................................... 36 3.1.1.5. Sowing Techniques..................................................................................................................... 36 3.1.1.6. Sowing Density........................................................................................................................... 36 3.1.1.7. Nursery tending techniques......................................................................................................... 36 3.1.1.7.1 Watering regime........................................................................................................................ 36 3.1.1.7.2 Sanitary cleaning operations in Nursery................................................................................... 37 3.1.1.7.3 Pricking out............................................................................................................................... 37 3.1.1.7.4 Root pruning............................................................................................................................. 37 3.1.1.7.5 Stump preparation..................................................................................................................... 37 3.1.2. Planting.......................................................................................................................................... 37 3.1.2.1. Spacing........................................................................................................................................ 38 3.1.2.2. Pit size......................................................................................................................................... 38 3.1.2.3 Planting........................................................................................................................................ 38 3.1.2.4 The planting stock size................................................................................................................. 38 3.1.2.5. Survival assessment for replanting and beating up..................................................................... 39 3.1.2.6. Tending operations...................................................................................................................... 39 3.1.2.6.1 Weeding.................................................................................................................................... 39 3.1.2.6.2 Pruning/singling/climber cutting.............................................................................................. 39 3.1.2.6.3 Thinning.................................................................................................................................... 39 3.2. CAPITAL INVESTMENTS............................................................................................................. 41 3.2.1 ROADS........................................................................................................................................... 41 3.2.1.1 Construction................................................................................................................................. 41 3.2.1.2 Maintenance................................................................................................................................. 41 3.2.2.

BUILDINGS.............................................................................................................................. 41

3.2.2.1. Construction................................................................................................................................ 41 3.2.2.2 Maintenance................................................................................................................................. 41 3.3. PLANTS, VEHICLES, EQUIPMENT AND TOOLS...................................................................... 41 3.3.1. Procurement................................................................................................................................... 41 3.4. 2. Maintenance . ............................................................................................................................... 41 3.4.3 Replacement.................................................................................................................................... 41

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3.5. COMMUNICATION FACILITIES.................................................................................................. 42 3.6. WATER SUPPLY.............................................................................................................................. 42 3.6.1. Sources........................................................................................................................................... 42 3.6.2. Supply Systems.............................................................................................................................. 42 3.7. SOCIAL HEALTH SERVICE.......................................................................................................... 42 3.8. HUMAN RESOURCES................................................................................................................... 43 3.9. REVENUE GENERATION.............................................................................................................. 43 3.9.1Forecasted revenues from thinning and clearfellings...................................................................... 43 3.9.2. Control of Revenues Collection and Total Revenue collection during the planning period.......... 43 3.10. UTILISATION................................................................................................................................ 44 3.10.1. Harvesting Plans.......................................................................................................................... 44 3.10.1.1. Clear felling.............................................................................................................................. 44 3.10.1.2. Thinning.................................................................................................................................... 45 3.10.2. Sales............................................................................................................................................. 46 3.10.2.1. Prices......................................................................................................................................... 46 3.10.2.2. Markets..................................................................................................................................... 46 3.11. PROTECTION AND CONSERVATION....................................................................................... 46 3.11.1.Prevention..................................................................................................................................... 46 3.11.2. Control plan for diseases and pests.............................................................................................. 46 3.12. SITES RESTORATION.................................................................................................................. 46 3.13. RESOURCE ASSESSMENT......................................................................................................... 47 4.0 ESTIMATES...................................................................................................................................... 47 5.1 APPENDIX I: FIRE PLAN............................................................................................................... 53 5.1.1 Fire causes....................................................................................................................................... 53 5.1.2 Fire seasons..................................................................................................................................... 53 5.1.3 Vulnerable areas.............................................................................................................................. 53 5.1.4 Fire protection measures (permanent measures)............................................................................. 53 5.1.5 Location of fire breaks.................................................................................................................... 53 5.1.6 Communication............................................................................................................................... 54 5.1.6.1 Roads........................................................................................................................................... 54 5.1.6.2 Telephone..................................................................................................................................... 54

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5.1.6.3 Equipment................................................................................................................................... 54 5.1.6.4 Shamba allocation........................................................................................................................ 54 5.1.6.5 Responsibility of staff.................................................................................................................. 54 5.1.6.6 Entrances to different parts of the plantation............................................................................... 54 5.1.6.7 Burning regulations...................................................................................................................... 55 5.1.6.8 Training........................................................................................................................................ 55 5.1.6.9 Maintenance of fire equipment.................................................................................................... 55 5.1.6.10 Fire fighting................................................................................................................................ 55 5.1.6.11 Fire patrols................................................................................................................................. 55 5.1.6.12 Fire report................................................................................................................................... 55 5.2. APPENDIX II: Annual Rainfall – Longuza Forest Plantation.......................................................... 56 5.3. APPENDIX III: Longuza Forest Plantation organization chart..................................................... 57 5.4. APPENDIX IV: Calendar for Annual Nursery Operations–Longuza plantation.............................. 57 5.5 APPENDIX V: MANAGEMENT PLAN FORMS........................................................................... 58 5.5.1 Form 1: Area with Satisfactory Growing Stock.............................................................................. 58 5.5.2 Form 2: Planted Areas (ha) by year and species and blocks........................................................... 61 5.5.3 Form 3: Allowable Cut.................................................................................................................. 67 5.5.4 Form 4 Plantation Register............................................................................................................. 70 5.5.5 Form 5: Processing Capacity.......................................................................................................... 73 5.5.6 Form No. 6 AGE CLASS DISTRIBUTION BY AREA, SPECIES AND VOLUME................... 73 5.5.7. Sketched map of Longuza Forest Plantation................................................................................. 75 5.5.8. Form 8 Silvicultural needs............................................................................................................. 76 5.5.9a. Location map – Longuza Forest reserve...................................................................................... 78 5.5.9b. Location map – Kolekole Forest reserve..................................................................................... 79 Notes........................................................................................................................................................ 82

INTRODUCTION

urrently, Tanzania Forest Services as an Executive Agency is facing a challenge on how to reach and obtaining sustainable forest resources management for the benefit of present and future generations. The most and proper tool to arrive in sustainable forest management (SFM) practices is a wellprepared Management Plan for a particular forest reserve within a time.

As it has been stipulated in establishment Order, 2010 in The Executive Agencies Act (CAP 245), TFS has to take all responsibilities of FBD with exceptional of few activities. The National Forest Policy (1998) statements 1, 6, 18, and 20 and their subsequent directions indicate the need for management of all types of forest reserves based on forest management plans. Furthermore, part III of the forest Act provides legal backing and describes how planning and management can be achieved through Management plans for all types of forests. This Management Plan is a framework document with detailing actions to be undertaken to reach and achieve specified goals and objectives. It contains four main sections namely, descriptive, directive, prescriptive and appendices sections respectively. Descriptive describe the plan area with respect to the actual or present status of the forest while in Directive just outline the plantation policy statements by analysing the previous experiences, policies and gives an alternative to reach the intended goals. The detailed account of planned activities (operations) will then shown in Prescriptive part where it directs the general management of the forest area in terms of what, when and how it will be done during the five (5) years working circle. It also commits the resources in implementing the plans and addresses the benefits to be accrued upon accomplishment of plan. In Appendix it will contains tables and appendices to show the quantitative information for the planned period. The five-year Management Plan is an essential tool for all preparation of “Annual Plans of Operations” for the whole period of management cycle. The annual plan of operations within the respective period will be extracted from the Management Plan and an APO for the first year of this plan is a part of this plan. This Management plan is the sixth revision of the initial plan for the Hardwood and utility planting project. The working circles are being described according to species as follows: i.

HARDWOOD WORKING CIRCLE – This is mainly Teak for export.

ii.

UTILITY TIMBER WORKING CYCLE – This includes Terminalia species and Cedrella species for local consumption. Other economic hardwoods such as milicia exelsa can be planted along with Terminalia in this cycle.

On the implementation of this Management Plan the Forest Manager shall observe the following;i.

Read and clearly understand the contents contained herein.

ii.

Carefully make use of all forestry resources i.e land, trees, labour, capital (funds, tools, machines, equipment) in the right time so as to obtain maximum achievement of objectives as stipulated herein.

iii. Choose the shortest effective and economical methods to achieve maximum targets stipulated in this set up. iv. Prepared to take risks in order to achieve something.

Ensure that the best returns (Revenue or Production) against all marketable resources or products are reached.

Organise jobs and weigh the results by giving a close follow up of the planned jobs by keeping up to date information for comparison and control of targets and costs.

The validity of this Management Plan is 5years effective from 1st July 2013 to 30th June 2018. Revision of this plan should be done six months before expiry of the five years period.

CHAPTER

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CHAPTER ONE 1.0. DESCRIPTION 1.1. GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION Longuza Forest Plantation is situated in North Eastern part of Tanzania-Tanga Region between latitudes 4º55’ and 5º10’ South and Longitudes 38º 40’ and 390 00’ East. The forest plantation is accessed by weather and/or morrumed (earth roads) road branching from Segera-Tanga road at Maguzoni area 4km to Kwamsambia range and 17km at Muheza town to Amani. Also the forest is 52 kms from Tanga port on the foothills of the East Usambara Mountains (Amani Nature Reserve) and part of the Eastern Arc Mountains. Longuza Forest Reserve lies at altitudes between 160 and 560 meters above sea level (m. a. s. l.). The other block (KOLEKOLE FOREST RESERVE) is in Tanga district 14km Muheza-Tanga road) west from Pongwe Town. Longuza Forest Plantation being on the outskirts of the town and city plays an important role in the form of provision of wood and non-wood forest products and services. It is the major source of Teak product Logs). 1.2. HISTORY AND PROGRESS OF THE PLANTATION 1.2.1 HISTORY 1.2.1.1 LONGUZA RANGE, KIHUHWI SIGI RANGE and KIHUHWI RANGE In 1952, the Colonial Government decide to establish Longuza Forest Plantation as a gap planting activity to replace the exploited species in the Natural Forest. As time went on (1960) the supply of timber from natural species and gap planted could not produce sufficient wood material to satisfy the rapidly increasing local and export wood demands. Because of the performance shown in trial plot, in1961 the Forest Department was forced to drop the idea of gap planting and replace it with the fast growing hardwood species like Teak. This has come just after the time when the observation from Kihuhwi teak stand with 31.6 Ha planted 1906 have high survival and high volume production. Kihuhwi block has been established by use of punished labourers who had committed offence in the sisal estates. The annual target in1961 was to plant 400 Ha of Teak and 60 Ha of other hardwood species. However, the idea did no workout satisfactory due to some problems based on financial, personnel and labourers’ position. The other setback faced by the project 1988-89 was the government rules which has instructed not to clear any more natural forest and replace it with exotic hardwood species although today in allowed expansion area it does not work. The remaining area was declared as water catchment area and Natural forest area. From 1961 to 2013, about 1804.2 ha of forest plantations have been planted with various hardwood species including Teak (98.2%), and other species (Terminalia spp,Cedrella spp and Melicia excelsa is about 1.41%, and open area once planted but now need replanting (0.35%). This has been shown clearly according to species and area distribution (Table 17). For Longuza Forest Plantation there is a total area of about 200ha mainly bushes which have been set aside for plantation extension site. 1.2.1.2 KOLEKOLE RANGE Kolekole forest reserve was used as Farm for food crops production before announced as Forest reserve in 1958. In 1977/1978 the plantation was established with different tree species such as Teak, Senna siamea, Eucalyptus sp and Cassuarina spp. The aim was to save Tanga and other villagers around with fuel wood and building` poles. Unfortunately, in 1986 the trees (Teak) was attacked by disease (dieback) and thus it was sold to sawmill industries for timber production. Then the plantation was left without any treatment and thus coppices covers the area meanwhile this has led to poor crop and scatted trees in the area. Total area of 15

Kolekole forest reserve is 300ha of which 100ha was planted with exotic species and the remaining area was left as natural forest. This will now termed as expansion area. 1.2.1.3 LEGAL STATUS AND OWNERSHIP The Forest Reserve and its land are owned by the Government of Tanzania under Tanzania Forest Services Agency (TFS) and Longuza Forest Reserve was gazetted in the government notice No. 194 of 1954 as shown on the JB 972 map. It was in establishment order ie; GOVERNMENT NOTICE No 269 OF 2010, 30/07. The plantation is also covered on JB topographic map series 1665 at the scale of 1:100,000 and series Y742 (OSD 422) sheet 130/1 edition 3- TSD/OSD of 1989 at the scale of 1:500,000. In August 22, 1958 Kolekole was gazetted as forest reserve in a map with JB 427 at a scale of 1:10,000 1.2.2 PROGRESS OF THE PLANTATION The performance of the forest plantation for the last five years was fairly good. However, the performance faced several challenges including; inadequate forest staff to execute forest operations according to the APOs; inadequate vehicles and machines (plants) for different operations; very high running and maintenance costs of old vehicles and machines; illegal cutting of trees for the purposes of extending time for cultivation and this has lead to few compartment to have poor stocking. This has hindered the management to undertake most of the forest operations including silvicultural activities, road maintenance, patrol and general administration tasks. The summary of performance in terms of seedlings production, volume harvested, revenue collection and expenditure for the plantation is as shown in Tables 1.1, 1.2 and 1.3. Table 1: TREND OF PLANTATION Table 1.1 Seedlings raised and Area Planted for 5yrs YEAR

No. Seedlings

Achievements (ha)

% achieved

Annual planting Targets (ha)

Achievements (ha)

% achieved

2008/09

400,000

425,320

105

200

208

104

2009/10

400,000

530,240

126

200

253

127

2010/11

400,000

445,330

104

187

207

111

2011/12

250,000

76,608

2012/13

150,000

200,383

134

174

TOTAL

1,600,000

1,598,688

101

687

793

115

Remarks

Beating up only Need resurvey

NB: Other seedlings were supplied to nearby schools and Institutions Table1. 2: Harvesting Trend for 5yrs FOREST PRODUCE AND SERVICES FOR THE YEAR 2008/2009-2012/2013 S/N

FOREST PRODUCE

YEAR 2009/10

YEAR 2010/11

YEAR 2011/12

YEAR 2012/13

YEAR 2008/13

VOL/QTY

SAWLOGS

15972.686

43327.84

18134.316

16159.635

15561.475

109,155.952

SALVAGED LOGS

99.97

18.567

170.537

FIREWOOD

8442

17396

9068

8212.12

5212

48,330.12

TP FEE

8658

20618.6

6236

2540

4119

42,171.6

POLES

2473

1329

3,917

ROAD FEE

1751

1921

106

3,778

SEEDLINGS

825

875

BAMBOO

108

256

SAND

128

STONE

112

REGISTRATION

APPL. REGISTRA

SERVICE CHARGES

YEAR 2008/09

Table1.3: REVENUE COLLECTION AS FR0M YEAR 2008/2009-2012/2013 REVENUE COLLECTED AS PER ITEM (Tshs)

YEAR ROYALTY (TFS) 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13 TOTAL

(TFF)

2,380,014,406.00 4,462,628,647.67

LMDA

VAT

TOTAL REVENUE (Tshs)

CESS

431,096,433

302,292,092.30

77,770,172.65

3,191,173,103.95

579,870,300

792,424,156.98

222,861,936.78

6,057,785,041.43

363,557,440

421,954,214.39

122,680,377.77

3,360,395,959.60

359,195,764

1,201,061,292.05

305,061,126.97

7,459,595,190.15

341,133,483

1,021,992,950.93

286,904,769.72

7,393,556,819.70

3,739,724,706.65

1,015,278,383.89

27,462,506,114.83

2,394,409,182.68

57,794,744.76

5,522,155,470.94

172,121,536.22

5,567,694,883.23

175,830,732.82

20,326,902,590.52

405,747,013.80

2,074,853,420.00

Table 1.4: Expenditure during the past Management Plan period No.

Year

Amount (Tshs)

2008/2009

385,419,860.00

2009/2010

620,796,800.00

2010/2011

459,954,370.00

2011/2012

314,515,942.00

2012/2013

395,128,631.00

Total

2,175,815,603.00

1.3 LAND 1.3.1 Area In previous, Longuza Forest Reserve has a total area of 10,107ha and at present it has left with an area of 2449ha only. Out of 2,449ha, 1,809.8ha is plantation forest and 639.2ha is under natural vegetation. Within natural vegetation, 200ha mainly composed with bushes and shrubs is for plantation expansion area. Together with this area, Kolekole Forest Reserve has been added to Longuza Forest reserve having a total area of 300ha out of it 100Ha is planted with teak (coppices), Senna sp, Eucalyptus sp and Cassuarina sp while 200ha is of bushes and/or shrubs (Table 2). By the use of natural condition and geographical position, the plantation is sub-divided into four (4) administrative blocks each having protected area as with catchments value with exceptional of Kolekole block. The blocks are as follow; • Longuza/Bulwa block 564.8Ha (LG); • Kihuhwi Sigi block 553.2Ha (KS) and • Kihuhwi/Kwamsambia block 592Ha (KH). • Kolekole block 300Ha (KL) Table 2: Forest type, range and Area distribution Type of Forest Natural Forest, Bushes and Shrubs

Plantation Forest Total

Range Longuza & Kihuhwi Sigi Kolekole Longuza Longuza Kihuhwi Sigi Kihuhwi Kolekole

Area(Ha) 439.8 200.0 200.0 664.0 553.2 592.0 100.0 2,749.0

Remarks Natural forest and Catchment area Expansion Area Expansion Area

Need to be clear felled and replanted Total area of the forest reserve

The blocks are further divided into compartments and sub compartments according to planting year and species composition. As Kolekole is newly attached forest area, compartmentation is of great important for the whole plantation area. 1.3.2. Topography and hydrology The three plantation ranges (LG, KS and KH) lies on the foothills of East Usambara Mountains and the ground is fairly undulating but Kihuhwi Sigi and Kihuhwi range are on moderate gentle slopes while Longuza has steep slopes in some areas. In some compartments, the slopes are very steep (especially Longuza range), with gradients as high as 65%.The slope is often intersected by numerous perennial and periodical streams/rivers e.g. Mtonga, Sigi and Kihuhwi which join and flow to the North-East and then into Indian Ocean. These rivers which flow through the forest plantation add up its catchmentâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s value and the small streams originate from the plantation area supply water to neighbouring households. The elevation from the sea level ranges is 160m to 560m. a. s. L. Kolekole block which is located at Pongwe ward is flat with almost 0% slope to the whole area with exception of area in natural forest but not much. The forest has no perennial or periodical streams/rivers which flows through but only water pass during rainy season. Longuza management is still searching more information on forest. 1.3.3. Geology and Soils Geologically, the Usambara rocks are preâ&#x20AC;&#x201C;cambian and assigned to old Usagara basement complex system. The crystalline rocks underwent several cycles of folding, metamorphism and finally magmatization. The soils are dark brown especially in river side and Kihuhwi areas while in Kihuhwi sigi and Longuza range the soil is read with clay soil.bit. During the dry spell the surface layer dry fast and creak especially in swamp area. Soil fertility in forest land is high and soil pH ranges from very strong acidic (4.5-5.0) to neutral (6.6-7.3). The dominant soil was slightly acidic (6.1- 6.5). Also the soil is non-saline with organic carbon but total nitrogen found to decrease down the soil profile. Kolekole forest has mixed sand soil with red soil which dries fast and has good aeration. Relatively its capacity to hold nutrients when used in agriculture is not good. 1.3.4. Natural Vegetation As forest, the type of natural vegetation in one area is determined by the amount of rainfall received per year. Longuza forest receives a substantial amount of rains in two season (short and long rain) annually. The plantation was established on land previously occupied by Lowland forest, bush and grassland. The trees,grasses and bush cover consists of the following species; Milletia excelsa, Dallium holzii,and Antiaris usambarensis. Etc. The remnant natural forest is composed of Khaya nyasica (Mtondoro) , Newtonia paucijuga, Sterculia appendiculata and zanna sp at the forest margin of Bulwa, Kihuhwi and Kwamsambia. 1.3.5. Biodiversity Potentials The plantation area is rich in biodiversity especially in the river valleys. These sites have different life forms of flora and fauna (lower and higher). Birds, insects, mammals such as Colobus, olive and blue sykes monkeys, baboons, rodents, tortoises, alligators, monitor lizards, mongoose, civet cats, skunks and variety of butterflies and other insects. At the moment tree damages by blue sykes monkeys through stripping the bark and nipping off young teaks plants is very rare compared to the past since patrolling is a day-to-day activity. 1.3.6. Special feature and Sites The special features include; i. Few International teak provenance trials at Kihuhwi/sigi having seeds collected from various tropical areas all over the world. ii. Hardwood Arboretum situated in Bulwa block, which consist of 68 tree species. iii. Patches of natural forests within the plantation where one can occasionally sight blue sykes monkeys, black and white colobus monkeys etc. iv. The Amani Nature Reserve also borders the project.

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1.4. CLIMATE The area has two distinguishable seasons namely the Long rains (March - May), the Short rains (OctoberDecember). The mean annual rainfall (as indicated in last management plan 2008/09-2012/2013) for Longuza Forest Plantation is about 1,500mm, which means +/- 200mm per year. Due to unreliable rainfall data from meteorological station and climatic change, to date there is no reliable information on rainfall and temperature. It is expected that, the annual rainfall today is about 500mm per year. 1.4.1 Rainfall Distribution and Reliability Although the climate has change and the amount and duration of rain seemed do differ with previous time, the most reliable rains are the long rains. Short rains are rather unreliable in most cases. Despite of the marked seasonality, today there is a distinctive dry period (January and February) in Longuza of which no rain at all. The rainfall distribution is not uniform throughout the plantation area. Figure: 1 shows the monthly mean rainfall for the period of twenty-five years (1994-2007) due to the fact that there is no reliable information from our metrological station. (Appendix II).

Figure 1: Monthly mean rainfall (1994-2007) 1.4.2. Temperature The hottest month (time) is January-February and the coldest month (time) is June-July. The mean monthly temperatures vary considerably during the year with the difference of 50C between the hottest and the coldest month. The mean annual temperature as estimated in previous year is 270C. 1.4.3. Wind The plantation has two common wind patterns, ie; the North East Monsoon, which prevails from October to May, and the South East Monsoon, which prevails from May to October. 1.5. GROWING STOCK The forest growing stock was determined by way of forest inventory and subsequent analyses. The details are provided in the following subsections. 1.5.1 Forest inventory The forest inventory field work started in December 2012 with inventory crew from Tanzania Forest services (TFS) Agency headquarter together with staff from Longuza Forest Plantation. Inventory methodology was designed and adopted from the first phase of the forest inventory conducted in 2007/08 with some technical modification proposed by Forest Plantation Managers in Iringa Workshop held in June 2012. The workshop was facilitated by TFS and uses ForestCalc ® Inventory version 6 © 1998–2012 software developed by Lauri Vesa from Finland. The description of this methodology is detailed in the Field Manual prepared by the Forest and Beekeeping Division (URT, 2008).

1.5.2 Inventory Results Longuza Forest Plantation has a total standing volume of 244,469.0m3. However, a large volume which constitutes 99.62% (Table 3.3) and area of 46.49% and 41.61% (Table 3.1) lies between the age of less than 5 year and greater than 35 years. This implies that large volume of the plantation is at age class greater than 35 years. Table 3: Inventory results Table 3.1: Age class distribution by area, volumes and Percentage Age (yrs) Open area ≤5 6 to 10 11 to 15 16 to 20 21 to 25 26 to 30 31 to 35 >35 Total

Area (ha)

Volume (m3)

%Age

6.3 843.8 52.5 0 20 14 0 121.8 750.8

0.00 7,572 3,717.00 0 4,386 3,248 0.00 25,760 199,786

0.35 46.49 2.91 0.00 1.11 0.78 0.00 6.75 41.61

1,809.2

244,469

100

1.5.3 AGE CLASS BY AREA, VOLUME AND PERCENTAGE The growing stock is the sum volume of all trees growing in a forest. The compartment list/register, age class tables for Teak, Terminalia and other species are shown in appendix V Form 6. It is also presented through age classes by area and species. The total area, age class, mean DBH, volume M3/Ha are recorded for each age class as shown in appendix V. The total standing volume for the whole plantation is estimated to be 244,468M3 and the stoking for the whole plantation is 943,084 trees as shown in appendix V Form 2. Species wise, Tectona grandis is dominating the plantation with a volume of 243,528m3 which is 99.62m3 of the total standing volume of the plantation. Table 3.2 shows volume distribution by species Table 3.2: Age class by Volume by Species Age class 26

VOLUME /SPP TG 7,476

751

2,966

CO ≤5 6 to 10

M.E

TERMINALIA

Total 70

7,572 3,717

11 to 15

16 to 20

4,386

21 to 25

3,248

26 to 30

31 to 35

25,760

777

243,528

244,469

>35

Tectona grandis is a dominant species almost in all age class categories having trees in place and constitute about 99.62% of the total standing volume while Cedrela odorata constitute 0.31% followed by Melicia excelsa which cover 0.04% and Terminalia sp 0.03% as shown in Table3.3

Table 3.3: Species by Volume and Percentage No.

Species

Tectona grandis

Terminalia sp

Cedrella Odorata

Melicia excelsa

Volume (m3)

Total

%Age 243,528

99.62

0.03

777

0.31

0.04

244,469

100.00

1.5.4 Growth and Yield 1.5.4.1 Site Classes According to the yield information from the inventory data, the ranges are divided into three site classes depending on the growth rate and the vitality of the planted trees. This is assumed that trees grown in site class one had better growth rate than those grown in other site classes. Kihuhwi/sigi block is given site class one, Kwamsambia block site class two and Longuza/Bulwa site class three. However, with caution the need for newly assessment of site class in teak grown at Longuza station is of great important since there is no Yield studies for site class determination during the preparation of this management plan. 1.5.4.2 Current Annual Increment (CAI) The CAI (Appendix V Form 3) contains Current Annual Increments (CAI) for each compartment as extracted from the Yield Table, Klitgaard and Mikkelsen (1976). The current annual increments were adjusted (using Gravillea robusta yield table CAI as is a hardwood species and the volume expected to be less by 33% of inventory data) proportionally to stocking levels as follows: CAI = (Actual SPH/Yield Table SPH) x Yield Table CAI Compartment CAI = CAI X Compartment Area (ha) Allowable cut for the entire forest is the summation of all compartment adjusted CAIs. The estimated current allowable cut is 12,261m3/year which is equivalent to a total of 61,305m3 for the entire five years of the plan. This volume comprises of clearfellings and/or thinnings. For this plan all volume for allowable cut is from clear felling as in most cases thinnings from young stand (less than five years) produce poles only. Compartments to be thinned and clear felled in the plan period are shown in Table 4. Any compartments which are due for thinning during the planning period but it has low stocking will not be thinned, but management will take consideration on its distribution. In some cases, low stocking in few compartments have been caused by taungya practice and illegal tree cutting.

Table 4: List of compartments to be thinned and clearfelled for longuza forest plantation during plan period YEAR

2013/2014 2014/2015

Thinning Compt. No.

Clearfeling Compt. No.

KS 3A, LG 2, KS 2, KS 3E, KS 6C, KS 6B, LG 3, LG 5A, and KS 8C -2 KH1 B, K H 2A LG12, LG 8C, KS8D, KS4D and KS4B

K H 2A

2015/2016

KS7, KS1, KS 3B, LG1 and LGF 58C

K H 2A

2016/2017

KS 8A,LG 14,KS3A and LG2

KH2A, KH 2B, KH2C

2017/2018

KS2, KS 3E, K S6C ,KS 6B, LG 3,LG 5A and KS 8C -2

KH2C and KS9

Mean Annual Increment (MAI) is estimated as 10 m³/ha/year for growing teak, 15 m³/ha/year for terminalia, and 12 m³/ha/year for other species.

1.5.4.3. Health and Vitality With exception of newly planted area which are well stocked (mainly from Kihuhwi sigi and Longuza range), compartments in Kihuhwi (Kwamsambia) range also with mature stand are well stocked, but Longuza (bulwa) range in mature stand there are some which are under stocked and need clearfelling (eg. LG 8B). In those mature trees (eg. Kihuhwi range) compartments are well stocked with good growth and form. Compartments, which were not tended in the past due to lack of funds are thin with bad form and grow in spots. The establishment of Logging Miscellaneous Deposit Account (LMDA) fund have managed the management to perform several tending operation in time to meet the intended objective of this plan. Mature stands trees are clear-felled and replanted immediately. 1.5.4.4 Management units The forest plantation is managed in units of different sizes, ages and species, which are known as compartments and distributed in four ranges namely Longuza, Kihuhwi Sigi, Kihuhwi and Kolekole. The compartment registration has been done using letters followed by numbers. For example, compartment at Longuza range is registered as LG and then followed by compartment number i.e 1. Therefore Longuza range will be named as or at registered as LG1. Due to fire, incomplete planting and partial harvesting there may be need to form subcompartments whose naming is by adding a letter after the main compartment naming e.g. LG1A (Appendix V Form 2). 1.6. UTILIZATION 1.6.1. Markets At present, the demand for teak products in the world market are high although for other species is also increasing. The main markets of forest products from Longuza forest is for overseas while the nearby villages, Muheza Township, Tanga town and Dar Es Salaam takes small amount. Currently, there are six sawmills at Muheza; others are in Tanga and Dar Es Salaam. Customers are allocated and/or weigh themselves in the tender, private agreement or auction with raw materials they can purchase (Standing trees) according to volume advertised publically. The processing capacity of the sawmills may differ with the volume to be sold annually. Appendix V Form 4. For the case of firewood, there is no reliable market for fuel wood; however, there is no enough information to predict the market situation for this produce. It is safe to say that the plantation is potentially to supply surrounding villages and Muheza town with fuel wood requirement. In addition, the plantation supplies products such as building poles, teak seeds, teak stumps to the nearby villages and institutions. 1.6.2. Logging Logging operations involves harvesting activities from felling to final transportation of forest products to the mill. Logging in Longuza Forest Plantation is currently being conducted by customers. The plantation staff identifies felling areas, measure and record volumes to be removed, prepare felling coupes and prepare bills. Customers are obliged to pay for felling license and settle their bills before actual harvesting. Harvesting is done manually and semi mechanized where different types of equipments can be used by company. The logging system used by customers at Longuza forest is short wood system and skidding is done mostly manually. The plantation staff has the responsibility to ensure that harvesting is carried out properly and wasteful practices are avoided. Prices for tree products are determined in accordance with prevailing rules and/or Auction 1.6.3 Other use of forest land Other use of forest land is crop farming by villagers surrounding the forest and staff through taungya system. Immediately after clearfelling, land is allocated to villagers and forest workers for which agricultural crops are grown together with trees. Main crops cultivated include maize and beans. The taungya system reduces the management cost especially on weeding, singling and access pruning. Normally the farmers are allowed to cultivate under taungya system for a period not exceeding two years from tree planting time.

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1.7 PROTECTION AND CONSERVATION 1.7.1. Forest Fires Forest fire incidences have been minimal and not pronounced to cause alarm in Longuza plantation. However, fire lines are present in all compartments with little maintenance. 1.7.2. Man and domestic Animal Illegal cutting of trees for poles, logs and firewood is a sporadic phenomenon in the forest, especially in stands bordering villages. Cutting is usually done at night and weekends by neighboring villagers usually for commercial purposes though some may be for domestic use. Few cattle are illegally grazed in the forest by the surrounding villagers but it has no harm to mature trees as well as young stand great than four year. 1.7.3. Wild Animals Wild animals found around and within the forest are Colobus monkey and blue monkey. The minor damage in the forest is caused by those animals are stripping the bark and nipping off young teak plants. 1.8. CAPITAL INVESTMENT 1.8.1. Roads The road network is generally not good ie. Plantation and public road to the forest. New forest roads (3km) are needed in the new planted plantation area (Longuza range). The plantation has a road density of 55m/Ha in a plantation area of 1,709.8Ha. The total road length is about 105kms while for Kolekole is not added to date. 1.8.2. Buildings The project office and most of staff quarters are centrally located in Kihuhwi/sigi range with exception of one at Kihuhwi range situated in Kimbo village. The project has the following buildings: managersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; house, dispensary, five senior staff quarters and general office block which have been maintained while the remaining social welfare hall, junior staff quarters, store, labour quarters, workshop garage, and one staff quarters at Kihuhwi range outstation have not yet and in real sense they are in a very bad condition need big repair (Table 5 shows the status of the house. Table 5: Status of buildings at Longuza Forest plantation No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Location Longuza Longuza Longuza Longuza Longuza Longuza Longuza Kimbo Longuza Longuza Longuza Kihuhwi/Kimbo

Building type Office House Manager House Ass. Manager House Rest/Accountant House Senior Staff house Senior Staff house Junior staff house Junior staff house Recreational hall Garage Dispensary Senior Staff house

Quantity 1 1 1 1 2 5 7 1 1 1 1 2 in one

Condition Good Good Good Good Bad Good Poor Poor Very bad Very bad Good Bad

Remarks Minor repair Minor repair Minor repair Minor repair Major repair Minor repair Major repair Repair Major repair Not in use Minor repair Major repair

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Plate 1: One of the junior staff quarters at Longuza Forest Plantation 1.8.3. Plants and Equipment The plantation has two Toyota L/Cruiser - H/Top, two tractors and four motorcycles for administration and field operations. The vehicles and machineries are used in field operation and administration activities such as road maintenance, tree nursery work, tree planting and fire fighting. These vehicles and machineries are now becoming old therefore needs to be replaced. In addition, still there are also two very old and out dated Lister and Ruston engines power generators, which need to be written off as they have no use to the office (Table 11a and 11b shows the state of vehicles and plants) Table 11: Status of Plants and vehicles at Longuza Forest Plantation Table 11a: RUNNING S/No

Type of Vehicle/Plant

Registration No.

Manufacturing year

Remarks

Toyota L/Cruiser

STK 936

2004

Major/Regular maintenance

Toyota L/Cruiser

STK 3522

2006

Regular maintenance

Valtra Tractor

CW 6415

2003

Regular maintenance

Ford Tractor

CW 6610

1992

Major/Regular maintenance

4Chain Saws

2007-2009

Out of use

2Chain Saws

2004-2007

Out of use

Tractor Trailer

1987

Regular maintenance

Honda Generator

2005

Regular maintenance

Table 11b.GROUNDED/NOT WORKING S/No

Type of Vehicle/Plant

Isuzu Lorry

Ford Tractor (Skidder)

Generator (Liston &Ruston)

Registration No. STH 2334 5412 -

Manufacturing year 1981

To be disposed by selling

1980

To be disposed by selling

Remarks

1.8.4 Communication facilities Generally Longuza forest plantation is easily reached through different communication facilities such as road, postal but telephone and internet is not officially available.

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1.8.5. Water Supply Longuza Forest Plantation is well supplied with water by numerous rivers which drain through the plantation. Many rivers and streams originate from the upper slopes of Eastern part in the foothills of east usambara Mountain. Almost all rivers are permanent although with different volume levels at different times of the year. There are usually with high volume during rainy season and lowest during the dry season. The main rivers passing through Longuza are Sigi, Kihuhwi, Mtonga and other small streams. The plantation tape water for domestic and plantation (nursery) uses from Fanusi/Mtonga streams. The use of this water has no water user right by the Pangani Water Basin Authority. The other water user apart from Longuza Forest Plantation is Kizugu garden which is within plantation area but used for agriculture research. The water supply to these users is through water pipes and currently there are two water tanks (at Longuza office), of which is in use. The quantity of water is enough to meet the needs of the plantation but it has not tested its quality. 1.9. ADMINISTRATION 1.9.1 Organization Longuza Forest Plantation is one of the 16 plantations under the Tanzania Forest Services (TFS) under The Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism. The forest is administered by Forest Manager who is answerable to Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of TFS. The Manager is assisted by four (4) Assistant Managers who are heads of section and ranges in-charge. Heads of section and ranges in-charge constitutes the Technical and Management Committee of the forest. Appendix 3 shows the current organization structure of the forest. 1.9.2 Manning level There are 21 employees of all carders working with Longuza Forest Plantation (Table 12). This number include supportive staff but is not adequate to carry out forestry activities at satisfactory level especially the technical staff. The situation has been an outcome of transfers of some staff, retirement and deaths. In order to carry out forestry activities satisfactory the plantation needs more staff 44. Currently the plantation employs casual labourers to supplement permanent staff. The current plantation staffs with respective duties are as shown in Table 12. Table 12: Manning level at Longuza forest plantation S/No 1

Staff designation Degree Holder in Forestry

Present 4

Deficit

Responsibility

-Plantation Manager -In charge of Buildings, Protection and Road -In charge of Silviculture -Incharge of Kolekole Range

Diploma Holder in Forestry

-Assistant head of Protection, -Head Resources Assessment Section -Assistant Silvicultural and Nusery incharge -Ranges In-charge

Certificate Holder in Forestry

Assistant ranges incharges and Harvesting unit

Operation services (Forest assistants)

Nursery attendants & Forest patrol

Advanced Diploma in Accountancy and Material Management

Incharge of Accounts, Procurement and supplies and Store Keeper. Assistant Accountant

Clinical staff

Dispensary Incharge Clinical officer

Certificate in Secretarial

Record keeping â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Accounts Secretary and Typist

Office management

Office Supervisor

25 Â

Record management

Registry assistant

Certificate in Stores and Procurement

Driver

Operating vehicle

Watchmen

3 Head office,2 Main gate,5Nursery 2 Manager resident,5 Range area

Office Attendant

Office cleanness

Total

Incharge of Store and Procurement Unit

NB: Duties can change at any time due to transfers management directives etc. The actual number of permanent staffs currently present in the project is below the required level due to lack of replacement of the retired, retrenched, transferred, dead etc. The project also acquires casual labourers from the surrounding villages; Bombani, Kweisaka, Tongwe, Kiwanda, Mangubu, Zeneti, Mashewa, Shembekeza, Kimbo, Potwe Ndondondo, Msowelo, Kambai, Kisiwani, Potwe Mpirani & other nearby areas. 1.10. SOCIAL SERVICES 1.10.1. Education The forest plantation has no primary schools situated in the plantation but depends on schools from neighbouring villages. This make the plantation works together with those institutions as their can assist each other where ever possible under government rules and regulations guide. 1.10.2 Health There is one Government dispensary at Longuza, which provides medical services to Forest staff and neighbouring communities. The dispensary is currently facing with a shortage of medicine and medical staff. 1.10.3. Religion There are different religious groups including Muslims and Christians. There is no Mosques or Churches within the plantation area. Staffs get such services in the neighbouring villages. 1.10.4. Power supply The forest plantation is not connected to the national electric grid but it obtains its electricity from one small generator and solar power which is unreliable and inadequate. 1.10.5 Social facilities and entertainment The project has a football pitch for soccer and a social hall, which was intended to provide entertainments and other services to staff and other people. However, the football pitch and social hall are not maintained. At the moment there is no shop in project area, therefore most of the requirements are sought from nearby villages, Muheza and Tanga. 1.11. SOCIAL ECONOMIC ASPECTS 1.11.1. Land use There are several land uses around the forest plantation such as farming and livestock keeping. These include cultivation of food crops such as banana, cassava, beans, maize, cocoyam, peas, cowpeas, potatoes, pumpkins. Etc. Land use also includes keeping of domestic animals, such as cattle, goats, sheep, chicken, pig, duck. Etc.

26 Â

1.11.2. Economic activities Main economic activities undertaken by local people and big estates around the project include tea plantations, sisal plantations, rubber plantations, fruit tree plantations (orange, lemon, avocado, cocoa, Etc). Others are cardamom, black pepper, clove, coconut, groundnuts, palm oil, cassava and teak. Etc. 1.11.3. Social economic impact The social economic impact of the project is as follows; i.

Provision of temporary employment to the local community.

ii. Supply of forest products such as timber, building materials, non-wood products. iii. Amelioration of climate and maintenance of stable water supply to agriculture, industries and Tanga municipal. iv. Earning of domestic and foreign currency. v. Harbour and provide protection to flora and fauna in its natural forest. 1.12. RESEARCH The plantation has also research plots established by TAFORI and SUA. This are located within the project area, but are not properly maintained to generate the required information. 1.13. CONSTRAINS AND OPPORTUNITIES 1.13.1 CONSTRAINS There is a shortage of land for expansion within the plantation area and fund for implementing forest activities. Also luck of information on current market price for Teak produce. 1.13.2 OPPORTUNITY Good climate and soils which favour teak growth. TAFORI and TTSA setting trial and Plus trees may improve the quality of forest stand to be produced.

27 Â

CHAPTER

28 Â

CHAPTER TWO 2.0. DIRECTIVES 2.1. Overall goal The overall goal of the Longuza forest plantation is to ensure sustainable supply of forest products and services to the forest based industries and community as a whole. The priority objectives of management to Longuza Forest plantation are: - To replant all harvested and newly establishment areas with selected tree species to improve the status of the forest in term of quality and quantity ; - To carry out tending operations to the forest plantation according to prescribed Silvicultural practices; - To carry out forest protection against fire, humans, animals, insects and fungi; - To carry out resource assessment and harvest due forest only; - To improve revenue collection and control; - To carry out administration effectively - To ensure sustainable supply of wood for now and the future by replanting immediately clear felled compartments. 2.1.1. Wood Production The forest management is aiming at maximizing wood production sustainably with the allowable cut by encouraging forest industries to use this resource more efficiently. The forest plantation will also encourage optimal use of all forest product assortments such as fuelwood, logs and poles. 2.1.2 Conservation In observing all protective functions in the forest cover are assured then, the plantation management is thereby conserving water sources, enhancing ecosystem stability and biodiversity conservation. All riverines are left undisturbed during forest resources harvesting operation and/or about 50m wide on both sides left with natural vegetations. The forest plantation also ensures protection of natural forests and biodiversity in foots of/or buffer Amani Nature Reserve. New planting areas/expansion areas will be carried out in accordance with Forest ACT No. 14 of 2002 and Environmental Management ACT No. 20 of 2004. 2.2. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES 2.2.1. Silviculture The aim of the Silvicultural operations are to raise enough planting stock (seedlings) to replant all harvested areas to ensure sustainable supply of forest products and services for the benefits of present and future generations. All tending operations will be carried out in order to get good quality final crop for forest-based industries and other users. 2.2.2. Capital investments The plantation objectives in capital investments include the following: •

To maintain the existing structures (buildings) so that they are in good order.

•

To maintain the existing vehicles and plants so that they are in good working condition.

•

To purchase new vehicles and plants for smooth execution of plantation programmes

•

To maintain the whole length of existing forest roads to allow smooth execution of forest operations.

•

To establish a reliable communication facility for the plantation. 29

2.2.3 Human resources • • • •

To improve working environment and general livelihood of workers and their families. To develop human resources capacities in terms of skills and knowledge. To ensure that the plantation staff and their families are in good health. To increase the number of staff members so as to satisfy the project requirement.

2.2.4. Revenue generation The forest plantation is aiming at generating revenues from sales of forest products such as standing teak trees and other species, poles, fuel wood, fines and other miscellaneous sources like licenses and permits. For this case management will improve revenue collection process by intensifying control and accountability among the responsible officers. The forest plantation will also try to create other sources of revenues such as bee hives. 2.2.5. Utilisation The aim is to supply available forest products to all customers at a sustainable minor. The plantation management will keep on encouraging saw millers to utilize all parts of trees including short wood and branches. 2.2.6 Protection and conservation •

To protect both natural and plantation forests against forest fires, illegal logging and grazing, insect attack and diseases and wild life damage in young stand.

•

To ensure that all water sources including riverine forests and steep slopes are well protected by avoiding any kind of disturbance such as cultivation and mining activities.

•

To ensure that all forest reserve boundaries are protected from encroachment been marked with.

•

To ensure that all inter-compartment boundaries and fire lines are maintained by slashing and screefing.

•

To maintain biodiversity (fauna and flora) which is available in the area.

•

To create a harmonious environment with our neighbours for good communication and support.

•

Intensify checking of harvesting operation for proper control of forest produce harvested and transported from the forest.

2.2.7. Resources assessment The aim is to assess the available forest produce in the forest plantation in order to know the state of raw material and forest users’ requirements. The plantation management will also carry out a resurvey and mapping of the forest plantation in collaboration with the Survey and Inventory Unit at TFS headquarter. The research plots will also be maintained and new ones established to monitor crop growth, quality and yield. 2.3. STRATEGIC TARGETS 2.3.1. Silviculture 2.3.1.1 Species Species selection is based on technical Order No. 1 of 2003 as indicated in Table No.1 under Eastern Arc Mountain foot Hills Zone. Seeds to be used in raising seedlings should be purchased from Tanzania Tree Seed Agency (TTSA). Due to delays in getting tree seeds from TTSA, sometimes the plantation collect tree seeds from plus trees of which have been clearly demarcated in the plantation. With time the emerging sources of planting material such as the use of clones from TAFORI will also be considered. The other guide for species selection will be governed by market demand, resistance of the species to diseases and suitability of the species to environment as well as its performance in the field. Therefore, teak will be the main species planted in Longuza Forest Plantation. 30

2.3.1.2. Planting Area To ensure sustained yield of wood products, the Forest management should ensure that all clear felled areas are planted in time according to rainfall regime in the Northern zone. The planting seasons are in November to December (i:e short rain) and April to May (long rain) and beating up is done during the same periods. Establishment of the plantation should continue to use both taungya system and temporary employees with close supervision of Forest staff. In clear felled areas earmarked for planting plots are allocated to both plantation staff and surrounding villagers just after land preparation have been by the management. Allocation of taungya plots is done by management with or without consultation to village governments due to needs forest land. Today, the need for land has increased and this makes the management to practice much with village government in allocation of plots to people. Taungya system will continue to be practiced until canopy closure where no more growth of food crops not exceeding 2years. According to Technical Order No.1 of 2003, the spacing of 2.5m x 2.5m giving 1680 stems per hectare will continue to be used unless directed otherwise by Tanzania Forest Service Agency (TFS). 2.3.1.3. Nursery operations The aim is to improve the existing nurseries by undertaking site levelling, increase its present condition to be able to raise enough seedlings and stumps of various types for planting and for sell. Other activities such as seed collection, soil collection, soil mixtures, pricking out, weeding, watering and root pruning will be done on task basis. Seedlings will be raised in seedbed of 1m wide by 10 to 20 lengths for easy practice and workability. Ingredients or soil mixture to be used will be natural forest, manure and sand to improve aeration. There is no official document that directing the use of these ingredients, however, this has been adopted through experience and nature of the area to accept bare rooted plants. The main species to be raised will be Tectona grandis and/or small quantity of Terminalia sp and Eucalyptus spp. According to the plantation nursery calendar (Appendix IV), seedling will take eight (8) to nine (9) month in the nursery. Based on the two nursery sites the maximum capacity to raise teak seedlings is 300,000 /= seedlings/year and this can be used all for replanting. 2.3.1.4 Tending operations 2.3.1.4.1 Thinning As stipulated in the Technical Order, thinning is necessary to enhance diameter increment. The thinning schedule indicated in the technical order No.1 of 2003 table 4, should continue to be applied (Table 13 Thinning schedule). Good stocking which have been shown in young stands will be given priority in first and second thinnings during the plan period. Since main species planted in Longuza Forest Plantation is Teak, this will require all thinning withing time. The thinning types which will be done are selective and/or mechanical thinning and priority for removals will be diseased and defected trees. In all stand, thinning will be done by customers after marking of trees to be thinned by plantation staff have been completed and it should be under close supervision. The number of tree to be removed and remain is as shown in the Technical Order No.1 of 2003 table 4 (Table 13). 2.3.1.4.2 Pruning Pruning is necessary to improve wood quality. No pruning schedule shown in Technical Order No. 1 of 2003 for teak trees. As itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s necessary to improve wood quality, access pruning together with singling will be done during weeding operation. Few trees especially road sides trees need high pruning otherwise teak have self pruning which need minor remove of branches but plantation management can do otherwise. This operation should be done during a short dry season between January and March and during the dry period July to October.

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2.2. CAPITAL INVESTMENT 2.2.1. Roads In this plan period, the plantation is planning to maintain the roads passing through Longuza (Bulwa), Kihuhwi/ sigi, Kihuhwi (Kwamsambia) and Kolekole ranges, which are in very bad. Construction and maintenance of forest roads is done by the plantation management using funds retained at the plantation known as use Logging Miscellaneous Deposit Account (LMDA) as stipulated in the Government Notice No. 432 of December 2011 (Forest regulation 29 (1) â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Schedule 14). During the plan period, the plantation management will increase the existing road network from 100 km to 103 km by constructing new road from expansion area within the forest plantation and will maintain the existing roads,bridges and culverts. Roads for Kolekole networks will be measured and recorded as newly sites. 2.2.2. Buildings The management strategy during the plan period is to maintain and improve the existing office building, staff quarters and other government buildings. Additionally, two new buildings will be built at Potwe (Kihuhwi) and Kolekole outstations in respect to time. Consultations are made by a letter to TBA and thereafter assessment of buildings to be maintained or constructed is conducted. After the assessment, the Bill of Quantity (BQ) is prepared and presented to the plantation management. The actual implementation is done according to approved budget and priorities. 2.2.3. Communication facilities Since the activity was not fulfilled during the previous plan period, the project will purchase reliable wireless communicating facilities in order to improve contacts within and outside. Communication within and outside the plantation is done through letters, emails, fax, telephones, meetings, verbal and office visits. 2.2.4 Vehicles, plants and equipments Maintenance of vehicle and plants should follow TEMESA guidelines as per Public Procurement Act No. 21 of 2004 and Regulation of 2005 section 59 (1 -5). The plantation management send the vehicle or plants to TEMESA describing the faults. Thereafter, TEMESA will inspect the vehicle/plants to verify the stated faults and prepare the bill before the maintenance done or rather send to an authorized garage for maintenance (Table 14). 2.2.5. Water supply For adequate supply of water, the management intends to maintain the water supply to satisfy domestic users and tree nursery activities. This include rehabilitation by replacing the worn out pipes with new plastic pipes and construction of more efficient intake station able to hold 1,000 litres at Fanusi water point. The other user to share with is Kizugu Garden for Agricultural research which is within forest plantation. 2.2.6. Health and social facilities The management intend to improve medical facilities in the existing dispensary by using part of its retention funds to purchase medicines and request TFS headquarter to employ one Rural Medical Aid officer together with two nurses to provide services. 2.2.7. Power supply During this plan period, the management is planning to apply for electricity from the national grid since the line is nearby the adjacent village (Bombani) about 3 kilometres from the project headquarters.

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2.3. HUMAN RESOURCES 2.3.1. Manning level All staffs at the forest plantation are employed by Tanzania Forest Services (TFS) and their salaries are paid directly by the Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism (MNRT). Employment arrangement is coordinated by TFS Head Office after receiving requests from plantations. The process of employment is done by President Office – Public Service Management. Temporary workers are employed by the plantation when required; however, these arrangements may change as to suite the act governing the establishment of government agencies. 2.3.2. Training needs All cadres require short and long-term courses and training within this management plan as per the approved budget and TFS training programme. This includes nursery techniques, introduction to computer, and maintenance of machines, inventory, forestry management and administration. All long term courses are coordinated and financed by the TFS after receiving application from the eligible staff. 2.4. REVENUE GENERATION The forest plantation is collecting revenue from sales of forest products and services as stipulated in the Government Notice No. 432 of December 20011 (Forest regulation 29 (1) – Schedule 14)and therefore subject to change according to market situation. Revenue obtained from these sources is distributed into five categories namely; Royalty which is paid to TFS, VAT (18% of royalty as per Tanzania Revenue Authority regulation), CESS (5% of the royalty as per Local Government Act of 1985)) is paid to District Councils, TFF (3% of royalty and 2% of fees as per Forest Act Na. 14 of 2002 section 79 (2)) and LMDA which is Tshs. 28,000 per m3 for hardwood. This is cash which is been used for silvicultural activities, road maintenance, maintenance of vehicles and plants, forest protection and administration within plantation. Price for standing volume, stacked volume of firewood, poles, withies and forest services are charged as stipulated in the Government Notice No. 432 of December 2011 (Forest regulation 29 (1) – Schedule 14). 2.5. PROTECTION AND CONSERVATION 2.5.1 Forest fires Any issues related to forest fire management is provided in Forest Act of 202, Part Nine section 70 – 76 and forest regulation of 2004 part Fourteen, Section 49. These include restriction on using fire, fire extinguishing, and construction and maintenance of firebreaks. According to section 71 sub section 3 of the Forest Act, any person in the vicinity of a fire has the obligation to assist in extinguishing it. Setting fire in the forest reserve is one of the offences listed under section 26 of the Forest Act and penalties against any offences are provided in Section 84 Subsection 5 of the Forest Act (Appendix 1). 2.5.2. Man damages Forest Act No. 14 of 2002 section 26 describes activities prohibited within the forest reserve without a license or a permit from authorizing officer. Illegal cutting of trees for poles, logs and firewood is unacceptable and must be prevented by enforcing Forest Act No. 14 of 2002 Section 26 and Forest Regulation of 2004 Part Two section 3-13. Culprits if apprehended should be prosecuted and their haul and products confiscated according to Sections 84, 85, 88 and 89 of the Forest Act. 2.5.3 Pests and Diseases Forest policy, act and regulations do not encompass control of pests and diseases in the forest plantation. However, consultation is made to research institutions such as Tanzania Forest Research Institute (TAFORI) and TPRI for technical assistance.

2.6. RESOURCE ASSESSMENT 2.6.1 Survey and mapping In Section 28 and 29 of the Forest Act provides directives related to demarcation, consolidation, revocation and variation of the forest boundaries. Boundary consolidation entails beaconing, boundary planting and maintenance or use of natural boundary. 2.6.2 Inventory Inventory data is an input to the preparation of management plan. According to section 13 subsections 6 of the Act directs reviewing of forest management plan, whereby section 13 subsections 7 sets period of every five year for full review of the management plan. Therefore, for better and preparation of management plan, inventory must be conducted every five years to provide up to-date data. 2.6.3. Survival Assessment Survival assessment of planted trees should be done after one year prior to next planting season in order to determined survival percentage as the basis to carry out beating up. If survival is less than 80%, then beatingup is necessary within one year. 2.6.4. Assessment for Harvesting In Longuza Forest Plantation choice of compartments to be harvested is based on mature stand (age) and/ or with thinning. Harvesting involves taking measurement of 100% inventory in compartments due for harvesting in order to determine estimate of salable volume. 2.7 RESEARCH Research activities in the forest are the sole responsibility of TAFORI and higher academic institutions. Plantation management should work together with this Institutions to establish and maintain Permanent Sample Plots (PSP) for monitoring of tree growth and assist in protecting the trial plots. These institutions are also encouraged to undertake research to solve emerging management problems in the forest. 2.8. SOCIAL ECONOMIC ASPECTS Agriculture is the basic activity to people living within and adjacent to the forest for food and cash crops. The main food and cash crops produced are maize, beans, cash-nuts, spices coconuts, fruits etc. Other economic activity is Zero grazing, shops and small business. 2.9. SPECIFIC COMMENTS ON THE PLANTATION In general, all the four species are performing well, however Terminalia superba needs to be changed due to poor mechanical properties of its wood resulting into low customer demand. Terminalia invorensis should be encouraged due to its high timber and plywood market demand. Cedrella ordorata has been performing well and its market is also growing rapidly but it has a disadvantage which treats it as invasive species. Since teak has been performing well together with an increasing demand in the export market, its planting should be stepped up (increased). Millicia exelsa which is performing well under natural regeneration within teak plantations should be tended in order to reach maximum maturity. There is also under stocking in some compartments due to die back of young and mature trees especially teak tree and wind throw. 2.10. EVALUATION AND REVISION OF PAST MANAGEMENT PLAN Evaluation of the management plan should be done prior to revising the plan by looking into the cost benefit, profitability and its performance against the planned objectives.

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CHAPTER

35 Â

CHAPTER THREE 3.0. PRESCRIPTION 3.1. SILVICULTURE 3.1.1. Nursery operations Tree seedlings for replanting in clearfelled areas, beating-up and planting in extension area will be raised at Longuza nursery. Moreover, seedlings of Teak clones to be planted in replanting/expansion area will be obtained from TAFORI/TTSA and TFS collaboration by research. All activities in the nursery will be carried as per nursery calendar and seedlings rising will depend on the plantation demands. 3.1.1.1. Species selection The Plantation Manager depends on research findings and markets, will initiate improved or new species to be planted but the final decision will remain to The Chief Executive Officer in TFS. Tree seedlings for replanting in clearfelled areas, beating-up and planting in extension area will be from central nursery. The main species to be planted at Longuza Forest Plantations includes Teak an small quantity of Terminalia invorensis and/or any other suggested. 3.1.1.2 Soil ingredients The soil ingredients applied in Longuza to raise all species in the nursery are 50% top forest soil, 40% cow manure and 10% sand. 3.1.1.3 Seedlings raising techniques For Teak, sseedlings will be raised in seedbed of 1meter wide and 10-20meter length. A total of 1,250,000 seedlings will be raised in the plan period for the plantation needs based on estimates of 1,680 stems per hectare for Teak and Terminalia invorensis. Teak seeds need pre-sawing treatment i:e soaking in running water for 72 hours, and then broadcasted in seedbeds of 1m x 10m-20m sizes. 3.1.1.4. Pot Sizes The pot size used in our nurseries is 10 cm diameter by 15 cm length. Lay flat black polythene tubes. 3.1.1.5. Sowing Techniques The most applied sowing technique is by broadcasting in seedbed. After broadcasting, the seeds are covered by a layer of approximately 2cm top forest soil/sand. 3.1.1.6. Sowing Density The sowing density is done at a density of Â˝ kilogram per square metre of seedbed by broadcasting techniques. 3.1.1.7. Nursery tending techniques 3.1.1.7.1 Watering regime The tending techniques in nursery include frequently watering just after seed have been sown and this will depend on the season of the year. During dry season, watering should be two times a day, early in the morning and late in the evening consecutively for 6 months. After this period seedlings are subjected to hardening-off for 3 months before planted in the plantation.

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3.1.1.7.2 Sanitary cleaning operations in Nursery Weeding and fungicide application is normally done in the nurseries. Frequency of weeding depends on the type and amount of weeds, this include clean up of the surroundings. Application of fungicide is done to overcome the problem of fungi and insects especially when the moisture content is very high.

Plate 2: Nursery site at Longuza 3.1.1.7.3 Pricking out Pricking out of seedlings is done immediately after attaining a desirable height in the seedbed. Seedlings are held by the cotyledon to avoid damage of the stems. 3.1.1.7.4 Root pruning At a time Terminalia and Cedrella spp raised in the nursery,root pruning is normally done two to three weeks interval in the nursery at early stage of transplants. The interval may be longer or shorter depending on the prevailing weather condition. 3.1.1.7.5 Stump preparation In teak, this is done when the root collar size reaches a thickness of 20 mm and 12.5 cm length of planting stock. The seedlings are slashed, uprooted and then cut into short pieces of 8 cm in length 2.5cm above root collar and 6cm root length. (The nursery calendar is attached as Appendix IV). 3.1.2. Planting Still to date land preparation for planting/replanting is done by government through casual labourers. The determination is to arrive at a NORMAL FOREST effective for the coming year onwards and the average planting area will be determined as follows; Teak Planting area (Ha) = Available area (Ha)/rotation age (Years) = 1,809.8/40 = 45.2Ha/Year. Approximately 50 Ha/year.

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Terminalia & other species Planting area (Ha) = Available area (Ha)/rotation age (Years) = 146.1/40 = 3.6525 Ha/Year. Approximately 5Ha/year. However, no area set aside for other species as all available area will be used to plant teak. Since Kolekole forest Reserve had been added to Longuza forest reserve, then replanting area will now range from 50 to 80ha per year making a total of 340ha during this plan period. 3.1.2.1. Spacing The normal spacing for Teak species grown in Longuza Forest Plantation was 2.0 m. x 2.0 m. From 2007 spacing is 2.5 m x 2.5 m. (same for other hardwood species) according to Technical Order No.1 of 2003 showing the Initial spacing for industrial forest plantations in Tanzania (Table 13). 3.1.2.2. Pit size Planting of teak is by digging up a narrow vertical pit of 10-cm dip by use of a 1.5-meter crow bar or dibble stick. The soil in the stump area is thoroughly compacted or firmed at root collar by using hands/crowbar. Although there is no newly planting for Cedrella and Terminalia seedling, but it is placed in a 12 cm vertical pit then covered by soil from root collar downwards for 2 cm. 3.1.2.3 Planting Land preparation will be done by management whereby man-days/ha will be mode of carrying it and plot will be given to farmers for the purpose of planting annual crops before tree planting. The activity will commence in October before short rains begin and on January ending in mid March. There are two planting seasons namely, November to December and March to May which is short and long rain respectively. Planting will be done during the short rains (October-November) and completed during long rain season which is March to April. Most of the planting will be done during the season when the coverage of rainfall will be high Annual planting will depend on harvested area (Table 15) Table 15: List of compartment Replanting and Beating up schedule for the plan period PLANTING YEAR

RANGE/BLOCK

COMPT NO

2013/2014 TOTAL

KH1

KH KH KL

KH1B KH2A KL

KH KL

KH2A KL

KH2A

2014/2015 TOTAL 2015/2016 TOTAL 2016/2017 TOTAL 2017/2018

KH LG

TOTAL GRAND TOTAL

KH2B LG5C

AREA TO BE PLANTED (Ha)

60.9 60.9 39 12.56 30 81.56 39.15 40 79.15 39.89

BEATING UP

SPP TO BE PLANTED

TEAK

69.89 30.4 30 60.4 351.9

TEAK

3.1.2.4 The planting stock size In teak, this is done when the root collar size reaches a thickness of 20 mm and 12.5 cm length of planting stock. The planting stock size for terminalia and Cedrella species is 30cm height. Seedlings normally undergo hardening off before planting.

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Plate 3: Teak stump under preparation 3.1.2.5. Survival assessment for replanting and beating up All clearfelled areas will be replanted within the year of completion of clearfelling. Beating up precedes planting of new areas to ensure that the beaten up seedlings catch up with those planted in the previous year. The survival assessment will be carried out six months after planting. If it happens that, the survival is 80% or above no beating up is required, but if survival is below 80%, beating up is required. If the survival is below 50%, then the compartment is replanted with the same species in the following planting season. 3.1.2.6. Tending operations 3.1.2.6.1 Weeding Weeding in especially young (1& 2 years stand) compartments will be done through Taungya system and casual labourers employed by management. There after the management will carry out all weeding operation to avoid any illegal cutting or damaging of trees. The method of weeding used in the forest plantation will be manual. Depending on annual rainfall, weeding will be done two to four times a year for the first two years then twice a year until the compartment attains the age of 13. It is normally after short and long rains season. From there onwards climber cutting is undertaken where necessary. In young compartments (The method of weeding used in Longuza Forest Plantations is manual because of terrain and topography. 3.1.2.6.2 Pruning/singling/climber cutting In practice, pruning and singling takes place during dry season to avoid fungal and insect attack through wounds. Pruning will also be done accordingly although there is no a Technical Order for Teak in place but mainly will be access pruning. 3.1.2.6.3 Thinning According to technical order No 1 of 2003 (Table 4 Thinning regimes for different tree species in industrial forest plantations Tanzania) there are two thinning regimes for stands that were established with a spacing of 2m x 2m, First thinning at 4 yrs then after fou years up to twenty years of age. For stands that were established with a spacing of 2.5m x 2.5m, there will be three thinning regimes, which are first at yrs, second at 10yrs and third at 15yrs. The methods used for thinning will be selective and/or mechanical operation. Trees to be removed will be marked before harvesting. Thinning schedule for Teak is shown in Table 13 and compartments to be thinned are as shown in Table 16

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Table: 16 Compartments in order of thinning sequence during Plan Period YEAR

S/N

Compt No

2013/14

K S3A

19.4

1st

9.773

189.60

LG2

23.4

1st

30.06

703.40

KS2

2.8

1st

12.47

34.92

KS 3E

1st

5.387

21.55

K S6C

1.3

1st

7.125

9.26

KS 6B

43.2

1st

15.048

650.07

LG 3

29.2

1st

1.688

49.29

LG 5A

31.5

1st

2.697

84.96

KS 8C -2

TERM

6.6

1st

2.288

15.10

Sub total 2014/15

Thinning No

Age Thinned

Vol/Ha

161.4

1758.15

KH 10

1st

10.48

31.44

KS 4A

42.6

1st

7.23

308.00

LG 4

1st

0.46

11.50

LG 8C

19.6

1st

10.219

200.29

LG12

2nd

8.421

84.21

KS3D

0.4

2nd

38.181

15.27

KS8D

2.9

2nd

39.858

115.59

KS4D

3.3

2nd

14.955

49.35

KS4B

3.1

2nd

75.282

233.37

109.9

1049.03

KS7

59.1

1st

5.05

298.46

KS 1

9.7

1st

9.98

96.81

KS 3B

19.4

1st

18.3

355.02

LG1

1st

16.59

1161.30

LGF 58C

0.5

1st

4.21

2.11

Sub total 2016/17

1913.69 1

KS8A

1st

6.79

611.10

LG 14

21.2

1st

4.21

89.25

KS3A

19.4

2nd

25.998

504.36

LG2

23.4

2nd

53.92

1261.73

Sub total 2017/18

2466.44 1

KS2

2.8

2nd

158.739

444.47

KS 3E

2nd

117.799

471.20

K S6C

1.3

2nd

316.626

411.61

KS 6B

43.2

2nd

30.1613

1302.97

LG 3

23.2

2nd

40.478

939.09

LG 5A

31.5

2nd

33.579

1057.74

KS 8C -2

TERM

6.6

2nd

5.305

35.01

Sub total

4662.09

Total Vol

11849.39

40 Â

Total Vol

Sub total 2015/16

Area Ha

3.2. CAPITAL INVESTMENTS 3.2.1 ROADS 3.2.1.1 Construction Since the construction of new roads has not achieved from the last management plan, still there is a need for construction of the road at Bulwa Ranges where planting extension will be carried out. The authority should be sought from the Chief Executive Officer-Tanzania Forest Services Agency who will allocate fund for this purpose. The length of road to be constructed will be three kms. The total cost allocated for this activity is as estimated in Table 7. 3.2.1.2 Maintenance Maintenance will depend on the intensity of rainfall and type of road damages. Road maintenance will be timely done before and after rainfall. The frequency of maintenance is higher in July-September and November-February. Maintenance will base on light grading, putting murrum, side drain opening, road side slashing, maintenance of bridges and culverts. The most employed method of road maintenance is manual, using simple hand tools. In the case of severe road damages, machineries like Grader, bulldozer and Lorries will do maintenance of roads. During this planning period the plantation will maintain about 110km of forest roads (Table 7). The intention is to maintain all the roads to make the plantation accessible whenever possible. 3.2.2.

BUILDINGS

3.2.2.1. Construction There will be a construction of two buildings in Kihuhwi and Kolekole ranges. One building will be constructed during the period of 2014/15 and one building will be constructed in year 2015/16. The buildings will use allowed and available construction building material, i.e cement, bricks etc. The total cost is as in Table 6. 3.2.2.2 Maintenance Maintenance of the 10 buildings will be done throughout the plan period. Plantation staff will be used for effecting minor repairs. Assessment of buildings for maintenance will be done by Tanzania Building Agency (TBA) and thereafter they produce Bill of Quantities (BQ). The maintenance will follow the plantation priories. The priority of maintenance will focus on the extent of damage. Minor maintenance will be done by plantation staff 3.3. PLANTS, VEHICLES, EQUIPMENT AND TOOLS 3.3.1. Procurement During the plan period 2 vehicle and 3 motor cycles will be procured for different plantation activities. Two motorcycles and one vehicle will be procured in year 2013/14 while one motorcycle and one vehicle will be purchased in year 2014/15. The management will adhere to procurement regulations (Table 8). 3.4. 2. Maintenance Maintenance schedules will be followed according to the manufacturer specifications and will depend on conditions for use such as road conditions, kilometres or machine hours covered. A total of 4 vehicle, 4 chainsaws, 1 generator and 4 motor cycles will be maintained as shown in Table 8. 3.4.3 Replacement Replacement of unserviceable tools and equipment will be done during the plan period according to APOs. The Forest Manager will request replacement of 4 plants and vehicle, 3three chainsaws and other simple hand tools after receiving an approved APO.

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Table 14: List of existing vehicles and equipment Quantity

Year of purchase

Condition

Use

1981

Grounded and not in use

Need immediate replacement/ disposal order

1 1

2004 2006

Average Good

Field and station administrations activities

Ford Tractor CW 5583 Ford Tractor CW 5412

1992

Not in good condition

Trailers for tractors

1987

Serviceable

Forest harvesting, Nursery work and Logging.

Valtra Tractor CW 6415

2003

Good

Field activities

Generators (Liston & Ruston)

1980

Not in good condition

Honda generator

2005

Not Good

Item Isuzu Lorry (7ton) STG 2176L/base Toyota L/Cruiser - S/Wagon STK 936 - S/Wagon STK 3522

Not in use/disposal order

Need disposal order Power supply but not sufficient

3.5. COMMUNICATION FACILITIES During the plan period, the Forest Plantation will improve communication facilities by purchasing and installing internet services, fax, landline telephone, TV and Radio Call sets. The target is to ensure that there is good communication within and outside the plantation. The telephone services fax and internet facility should be installed. No communication facilities available in office or rather staff houses. However, the use of private mobile phones is to a greater extent facilitating the communication between staff and other plantation stakeholders for official and private purposes. 3.6. WATER SUPPLY 3.6.1. Sources The main source of water supply to the plantation is from rivers and water streams which run through the plantation from natural forest (Amani Nature Reserve). Currently, the amount of water is inadequate and insufficient. 3.6.2. Supply Systems The water supply is from a permanent source located at Fanusi/Mtonga streams and is drawn by gravity through 2.6km pipeline to Longuza for both domestic (Staffs) and nursery use. However, the water system is old and during the planning period will be rehabilitated. 3.7. SOCIAL HEALTH SERVICE As pointed out earlier the social services available at the Forest Plantation including a social hall (Not in use now need major repair), a dispensary, and football pitch. These will continue to be improved and used during the plan period. Shopping facilities and worshipping will be done in the nearby villages, at Bombani and as far as Muheza Town. To improve health services of the plantation staff, First Aid Kits will be provided and maintained. There is no reliable electricity in Longuza neither in Kihuhwi range (Kimbo villages), therefore, efforts will be made to join National Grid and provide solar energy to out station/ranges. The plantation has also standby generator that will be maintained during the planning period.

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In order to improve Longuza Forest Plantation social services of staff and their families, the management will support the nearby primary schools whenever necessary and upon request. The forest management will also encourage and support workers and their families to participate in sports and games such as football, netball jogging and other local drummers. 3.8. HUMAN RESOURCES TFS will recruit new permanent term staff following recommendations from the Forest Manager. The plantation manager will strive to cover the staff deficit of 44 staff as identified in Table 12. Recruitments of temporary staff will be initiated by the Forest Manager whenever need arises. The plantation management will facilitate and ensure that every staff follows training programme as planned by Longuza Forest plantation. In the planning period, a total of 10 staff will be trained through short courses/on job training in order to improve their working capacities. Training in introduction to computer, maintenance of machines, inventory, forestry management and administration will be given priority. The long term training programmes will be financed by the TFS. The aim is to ensure that all staffs are competent in their working areas. 3.9. REVENUE GENERATION 3.9.1

Forecasted revenues from thinning and clearfellings

The forecasted revenue from clearfellings during the plan period is shown in Table 18. Table 18: Forecasted revenue (Royalty & LMDA) from clearfellings during the plan 2013/14 - 2017/18 YEAR/ITEM

2013/2014

2014/2015

2015/2016

2016/2017

2017/2018

TOTAL

Allowable cut (Standing ) m³

12,261.00

61,305.00

Average price per m3

362,391.06

4,443,276,748.78

343,308,000.00

4,786,584,748.78

Saw logs (TFS&TaFF) ROYALTY Saw logs (standing) LMDA Total

343,308,000.00 4,786,584,748.78

4,786,584,748.78

22,216,383,743.90

1,716,540,000.00 23,932,923,743.90

3.9.2. Control of Revenues Collection and Total Revenue collection during the planning period The Forest Plantation will collect government revenues by using authorized documents such as ERVs, License books and Transit passes. Gates and checkpoints are used to control illegal or unlawful possession of forest products. The forest Manager will conduct regular training for personnel involved in revenue collection, checkpoints, billing and timber/log measurement. Verification of field measurements will be done to ensure that correct measurement and records are taken. The daily collections must be promptly acknowledged through proper ERVs after banking by customers. The established gates and checkpoints will be used to monitor forest products passing through it whether they are covered by appropriate movement order/documents (transit passes, felling licences and ERVs). Total royalty and LMDA and Total revenue during the plan period will be as in Table 18 & 19

Table 19: Allowable cut and forecasted Total revenues during 2013/14/-2017/18 Plan

2013/2014

2014/2015

2015/2016

2016/2017

2017/2018

TOTAL

Allowable cut (Standing ) m³

12,261.00

61,305

Price average

362,391.06

Saw logs (standing) ROYALTY

4,443,276,786.7

22,216,385,772.45

Saw logs (standing) LMDA

343,308,000.00

1,716,540,000.00

VAT

799,789,821.60

3,998,949,439.04

CESS

222,163,839.33

1,110,819,196.67

500,000.00

2,500,000.00

2,050,000.00

5,811,088,447.59

29,047,244,408.16

Other (fines, seeds, seedlings etc.) Registrations &Application fees Total Revenue

3.10. UTILISATION 3.10.1. Harvesting Plans Inventory data collected in December 2013 has been used to prepare the harvesting plan. Harvesting will be done by customers under the supervision of forest staff to ensure no destruction is done and no thefts of/or illegal forest produce will be taken from the forest. The total allowable cut for the whole planning period is 61,305m3 as shown in Table 20 and volume to be harvested will be mainly from mature stand (Appendix V Form No 3). In order to arrive at NORMAL FOREST the plantation management will clear fell about 50 ha/ year effective 2013/14 onward. Table: 20 Summary of allowable cut for 2013/2014-2017/2018 Year

Clearfelling

Thinning

2013/14

12,261.00

1758.15

2014/15

12,261.00

1049.03

2015/16

12,261.00

1913.69

2016/17

12,261.00

2466.44

2017/18

12,261.00

4662.09

TOTAL

61,305.00

11,849.39

3.10.1.1. Clear felling The compartments earmarked for clear felling during the planning period are shown in Table 21. Criteria used to select compartment for clear felling is age (mature stand).

Table 21 Compartment to be Clearfelled during the planning period (2013/14 - 2017/2018) Year

Compartment No.

Spp

Area (ha)

Age (yrs)

2013/14

KH1 B

39.6

K H 2A

91.6

2014/15

K H 2A

80.90

43.61

6.32

330

2,080

30.40

236

7,164

50.20

264

13,265

38.78 54.05

46 46

2015/16 K H 2A 2016/17 K H 2A KH 2B KH2C 2017/18 KH2C KS9 GRAND TOTAL

Vol/ha

Total Vol. 8,742

221 330

30,121

330

26,602

330

14,341

10,248 15,344

264

284

8,742 3,519

12,261

Allowable cut

12,261

12,261 12,261 12,261 2,060 7,164 3,017 12,261 12,261 2,013 12,261 61,305

3.10.1.2. Thinning The Forest Plantation has some young (poles) and overdue (few but with small volume) compartments needing thinning which will be considered during the plan period as per thinning schedule (Appendix V Form 13). Table 17 Compartments in order of thinning sequence during planned period YEAR

2013/14

S/N 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Sub total

2014/15

Sub total

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Compt No K S3A LG2 KS2 KS 3E K S6C KS 6B LG 3 LG 5A KS 8C -2 KH 10 KS 4A LG 4 LG 8C LG12 KS3D KS8D KS4D KS4B

Sp TG TG TG TG TG TG TG TG TERM TG TG TG TG TG CO CO CO CO

Area 19.4 23.4 2.8 4 1.3 43.2 29.2 31.5 6.6 161.4 3 42.6 25 19.6 10 0.4 2.9 3.3 3.1 109.9

Thinning No 1st 1st 1st 1st 1st 1st 1st 1st 1st 1st 1st 1st 1st 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd

AgeThinned

Vol/Ha 9.773 30.06 12.47 5.387 7.125 15.048 1.688 2.697 2.288

6 6 5 5 5 5 5 5 5

5 5 5 5 5 10 10 10 10

10.48 7.23 0.46 10.219 8.421 38.181 39.858 14.955 75.282

Total Vol 189.5962 703.404 34.916 21.548 9.2625 650.0736 49.2896 84.9555 15.1008 1758.146 31.44 307.998 11.5 200.2924 84.21 15.2724 115.5882 49.3515 233.3742 1049.027

2015/16

1 2 3 4 5

Sub total 2016/17

1 2 3 4

Sub total

2017/18

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Sub total Total Vol

KS7 KS 1 KS 3B LG1 LGF 58C KS8A LG 14 KS3A LG2 KS2 KS 3E K S6C KS 6B LG 3 LG 5A KS 8C -2

TG TG TG TG TG TG TG TG TG TG TG TG TG TG TG TERM

59.1 9.7 19.4 70.0 0.5 158.7 90.0 21.2 19.4 23.4 154 2.8 4.0 1.3 43.2 23.2 31.5 6.6 112.6 855.3

1st 1st 1st 1st 1st 1st 1st 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd

5 5 5 5 5

5 5 10 10

10 10 10 10 10 10 10

5.05 9.98 18.3 16.59 4.21 6.79 4.21 25.998 53.92 158.739 117.799 316.626 30.1613 40.478 33.579 5.305

298.455 96.806 355.02 1161.3 2.105 1913.686 611.1 89.252 504.3612 1261.728 2466.441 444.4692 471.196 411.6138 1302.968 939.0896 1057.739 35.013 4662.088 11,849

3.10.2. Sales 3.10.2.1. Prices The Ministry of Natural Resource and Tourism will determine the prices of forest products (e.g. Royalty and LMDA) for all plantations as others depend on this. In addition, public auction, private agreement and tender may be used in order to maximise revenue. The forest products will be sold by standing volume with exception of poles, fuel wood and withies, which will be sold by running meter, volume (ground scaling) or bundles. 3.10.2.2. Markets Currently the market demand for forest products (especially for teak) is currently high. The Forest Plantation will continue to supply raw material to the saw millers and other customers depending on requirements and availability of raw materials. 3.11. PROTECTION AND CONSERVATION 3.11.1. Prevention During the plan period, the plantation will be protected from fire and other damages. The fire plan is attached as Appendix I. 3.11.2. Control plan for diseases and pests At present, there are no major diseases and pests in the project. However there have been reported occurrences of tree die back. Prio-investigation indicate that the cause is likely to be associated with a disease identified as helicobasilidium compactam and ants to newly planted. Damping off in the nursery is controlled by use of management practices and when necessary fungicides and other chemicals are used. 3.12. SITES RESTORATION During this plan assessment for degraded sites will be done and the areas that require restoration will be given priority and reported to CEO.

3.13. RESOURCE ASSESSMENT The Tanzania Forest Services Agency will carry out survey inventory and mapping of the area. The method commonly used is aerial photography and chain survey (ground survey). The last survey and mapping in the Forest Plantation took place in 1987. There is a need for a new survey during the plan period. Since the TFS inventory crew have conducted harvesting inventory to evaluate compartmentsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; stock before selling the crop to the customers, there is still a need for year inventory and re-surveying to produce new and reliable maps. 4.0 ESTIMATES During the management plan period, the plantation will spend a total amount of Tshs 5,210,610,625/= for implementing planned operations as detailed in Table 6, 7, 8, 9, 10. Personnel emolument not included. Revenue collection for this plan will be Tshs 28,687,612,005/= as shown in Table 19 and summary of expenditure in Table 23 * The Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism under Tanzania Forest Services Agency (TFS) will contribute this amount in terms of staff salaries. The small amount budgeted will be funded from LMDA generated by the Forest Plantation during the plan period and retention funds from TFS. Table 6: Maintenance and construction of buildings and other installations Financial year

Activity to achieve target

Input required for each target Input

Unit

Quantity

Maintenance of buildings

Maintenance Labour charge

Houses Houses

3 3

Water supply

PVC (4 in) Cement Sand Stones Labour charge

Rolls Bags Tons Tons various

44 60 5 5 various

2013/2014

2014/2015

2015/2016

2017/2018

250,000 20,000 60,000 60,000 1,500,000

11,000,000 1,200,000 300,000 300,000 1,500,000

Sub total

65,780,000

15,600,000 1,560,000

78,000,000 7,800,000

150,000 20,000 60,000 60,000 1,500,000

3,750,000 1,200,000 300,000 300,000 1,500,000

40,000,000

Sub total

132,850,000

various

20,000,000

40,000,000

Sub total

60,000,000

20,000,000

Sub total

20,000,000

Sub total

20,000,000

Total

312,930,000

Houses Houses

5 5

Water supply

PVC (3/4 in) Cement Sand Stones Labour charge

Rolls Bags Tons Tons various

25 60 5 5 various

Staff quarters

Construction

House

Staff quarters

2016/2017

46,800,000 4,680,000

Maintenance Labour charge

Minor repair of buildings, water supply and other works

Various

Construction

House

Various

Total cost (Tshs)

15,600,000 1,560,000

Maintenance of buildings

Minor repair of buildings, water supply and other works

Estimated Cost per Unit (Tshs)

various

47 Â

Table 7: Maintenance and construction of roads Financial year 2013/14

Road type Access Road

Length (Km) 15

0 2014/15

Access Road

1 2015/16

Access Road

2 2016/17

2017/18

Access Road

Activity & Specification Grading Murraming Slashing Potholefilling Outlet cleaning Culvert opening Construction

Unit Cost (Shs)/ km 6,000,000.00

Total Cost (Tshs)

Remarks

75,000,000.00

To compartments under forest operations.

Sub total 6,000,000.00

75,000,000.00 150,000,000.00

12,000,000.00 Sub total 2,600,000.00

12,000,000.00 162,000,000.00 65,000,000.00

Msingo

Construction

12,000,000.00 Sub total

24,000,000.00 89,000,000.00

Msingo

Slashing Potholefilling Outlet cleaning Culvert opening

2,600,000.00

52,000,000.00

To compartments under forest operations.

Construction

Sub total 2,600,000.00

0 52,000,000.00 52,000,000.00

Sub total Grand total

0 52,000,000.00 415,000,000.00

Grading Murraming Slashing Potholefilling Outlet cleaning Culvert opening Construction Slashing Potholefilling Outlet cleaning Culvert opening

Slashing Potholefilling Outlet cleaning Culvert opening Construction

To compartments under forest operations.

Table 8: Running, maintenance and procurement of vehicles and plants Financial year

2013/2014

Activity to achieve targets Running and Maintenance Procurement

Input required for each activity L/Cruiser Tractor Generator Lorry 7tons Motor Cycles

2 2 1 Tipper XL-125

30,000 km 600 Mhr 600 Mhr 1 2

Estimated cost per unit 1,000 10,000 8,000 100,000,000 10,000,000

2 2 1 1 3

30,000 km 600 Mhr 600 Mhr 20,000 km 30,000 km 1 1

1,000 10,000 8,000 1,200 200 80,000,000 10,000,000

Unit

Quantity

SUB TOTAL 2014/2015

Running and Maintenance Procurement

48 Â

L/Cruiser Tractor Generator Lorry 7tons Motor Cycles L/Cruiser Motor Cycles

P/Up XL-125

Total cost 60,000,000 12,000,000 4,800,000 100,000,000 20,000,000 196,800,000 60,000,000 12,000,000 4,800,000 24,000,000 18,000,000 80,000,000 10,000,000

SUB TOTAL 2015/2016

Running and Maintenance

L/Cruiser Tractor Generator Lorry 7tons Motor Cycles

3 2 1 1 3

30,000 km 600 Mhr 600 Mhr 20,000 km 30,000 km

1,000 10,000 8,000 1,200 200

L/Cruiser Tractor Generator Lorry 7tons Motor Cycles

3 2 1 1 3

30,000 km 600 Mhr 600 Mhr 20,000 km 30,000 km

1,000 10,000 8,000 1,200 200

L/Cruiser Tractor Generator Lorry 7tons Motor Cycles

3 2 1 1 3

30,000 km 600 Mhr 600 Mhr 20,000 km 30,000 km

1,000 10,000 8,000 1,200 200

SUB TOTAL 2016/2017

Running and Maintenance SUB TOTAL

2017/2018

Running and Maintenance SUB TOTAL TOTAL

208,800,000 90,000,000 12,000,000 4,800,000 24,000,000 30,000,000 160,800,000 90,000,000 12,000,000 4,800,000 24,000,000 30,000,000 160,800,000 90,000,000 12,000,000 4,800,000 24,000,000 30,000,000 160,800,000 888,000,000

Table 9: Silviculture, Protection, conservation and resource assessment Financial year 2013/14

Activity to achieve target Silviculture Protection Survey Assessment

Input required for each target Input Unit Quantity various Ha 150,537 various Ha various Km Various Ha

various various various Various

Ha Ha Km Ha

150,968

2014/115

Silviculture Protection Survey Assessment

various various various Various

Ha Ha Km Ha

151,393

2015/16

Silviculture Protection Survey Assessment

various various various Various

Ha Ha Km Ha

151,693

2016/17

Silviculture Protection Survey Assessment

various various various Various

Ha Ha Km Ha

151,830

2017/18

Silviculture Protection Survey Assessment

TOTAL

Estimated Cost per Unit (Tshs) Various Various Various Various Sub total

Total cost (Tshs)

511,374,100 45,000,000 30,000,000 10,000,000 596,374,100

Various Various Various Various Sub total

538,280,750

Various Various Various Various Sub total

570,760,350

Various Various Various Various Sub total

517,444,925

Various Various Various Various Sub total

553,170,500

45,000,000 30,000,000 10,000,000 623,280,750

45,000,000 10,000,000 10,000,000 635,760,350

45,000,000 10,000,000 10,000,000 582,444,925

45,000,000 10,000,000 10,000,000 618,170,500

3,056,030,625

49 Â

Table 10: Office administration Financial Year

Activity to achieve target

Input required for each target

Estimated cost per unit

Office stationeries

Various

5,000,000

1 x 2,000,000

2,000,000

Various Various Various 18staffs Various

Various Various Various Various Various

Postage

Various

Burial Bus fare. Meeting. Training Refreshment/Meals Security guards News papers Firearm Photocopier machine

1 Bus tickets Various 4staffs Staffs

1 Various Various Various Various

500,000.00 1,000,000.00 3,000,000.00 9,000,000.00 2,000,000.00 5,000,000.00 600,000.00 2,000,000.00 3,000,000.00

300,000

5,000,000.00

Office stationeries

Various

2,000,000.00

Perdiem Extra duty Medical Telephone Postage Burial Bus fare Meeting. Training Refreshment/Meals Security guards News papers Procurement&install internent services

Various Various Various Various Various Bus tickets Various 4staffs Staffs

Various Various Various Various Various Various Various Various Various

15,000,000.00 27,000,000.00 3,000,000.00 1,000,000.00 1,000,000.00 1,500,000.00 1,000,000.00 3,000,000.00 9,000,000.00 2,000,000.00 5,000,000.00 600,000.00

various

10,000,000.00

Electricity installation

various

50,000,000.00

Sub total

Purchase of a Computer (laptop) Perdiem Extra duty Medical Uniforms Telephone

2013/14

Purchase of mobile phones/Rdio calls Sub Total

2014/15

Total cost

15,000,000.00 27,000,000.00 2,000,000.00 3,750,000.00 1,000,000.00 1, 000,000.00

86,850,000

131,100,000.00

2015/16

2016/17

2017/18

Office stationeries

Various

5,000,000

Perdiem Extra duty Medical Telephone Postage Burial Bus fare Meeting Training Refreshment/Meals Security guards News papers Purchase of computer/ latop Electricity installation Office stationeries Perdiem Extra duty Medical Telephone Postage Burial Bus fare Meeting Training Refreshment/Meals Security guards News papers House wiring Office stationeries Perdiem Extra duty Medical Telephone Postage Burial

Various Various Various Various Various Bus tickets Various 4staffs Staffs

Various Various Various Various Various Various Various Various Various

15,000,000.00 27,000,000.00 4,000,000.00 1,500,000.00 1,200,000.00 2,000,000.00 1,000,000.00 3,000,000.00 10,000,000.00 2,500,000.00 6,000,000.00 600,000.00

various Sub total Various Various Various Various Various Various Bus tickets Various 4staffs Staffs various Sub total Various Various Various Various Various Various

various Various Various Various Various Various Various Various Various Various Various various Various Various Various Various Various Various

Bus fare

Bus tickets

Meeting Training Refreshment/Meals Security guards News papers

Various 4staffs Staffs

Various Various Various Various

2,000,000.00 50,000,000.00 130,800,000 2,000,000 20,000,000.00 27,000,000.00 5,000,000.00 2,000,000.00 600,000.00 2,500,000.00 1,500,000.00 3,000,000.00 10,000,000.00 2,5 00,000.00 7,000,000.00 600,000.00 10,000,000 91,200,000 5,000,000 25,000,000.00 27,000,000.00 6,000,000.00 3,000,000.00 600,000.00 3,000,000.00 1,500,000.00 4,000,000.00 12,000,000.00 3,000,000.00 8,000,000.00 600,000.00

Sub total

98,700,000

GRAND TOTAL

538,650,000.00

Table 23 SUMMARIES OF ESTIMATES IN EXPENDITURE DURING FIVE YEAR PLAN PERIOD (TSHS) 2013/2014-2017/2018

S/N

Activity Type

Expenditure/Amount

Maintenance and construction of buildings and other installations

312,930,000.00

Maintenance and construction of roads

415,000,000.00

Running, maintenance and procurement of vehicles and plants

Silviculture, conservation assessment

Office administration

Protection, and resource

888,000,000 3,056,030,625

538,650,000.00 5,210,610,625

52 Â

5. APPENDICES 5.1 APPENDIX I: FIRE PLAN This is an outline of the fire protection plan for the Longuza Forest Plantation and neighbouring natural forest and heather land above the plantation. It is a standing instruction to all staff of the Plantation area. 5.1.1 Fire causes (1) Burning operation on shambas following clear felling during harvesting (2) Travellers on roads and paths. (3) Entry of bush fires from outside the forest. (4) Hunting (Poachers). (5) Arsons. (6) Bee honey collectors. (7) Saw millers logging crews during their activities. 5.1.2 Fire seasons The critical fire season in Longuza Forest Reserve is from June to September to October and January to February. 5.1.3 Vulnerable areas The following list indicates the order of priority, which helps in determining the degree of patrol and attention: (1) Areas adjacent to newly harvested compartments. (2) Areas of local community neighbouring the Kwamsambia, Kihuhwi/sigi, and Bulwa ranges. NB:

The above list does not prevent the possibility of fire occurring anywhere else within the plantation.

5.1.4 Fire protection measures (permanent measures) Fire protection measures will be of two types: i) Major firebreaks. These are clear felled or cultivated belts of 33.0 m wide or planted with Eucalyptus tree species. These firebreaks will be slashed annually in May and June before the onset of the fire season. ii) Minor firebreaks Minor firebreaks will start and end at the road and compartment boundaries 13.2 m wide. Where the road exists, it will be kept clean of vegetation. These areas will be planted with Eucalyptus as live fire belts. 5.1.5 Location of fire breaks (1) Kihuhwi river and Kimbo village along the upper boundary of the Amani nature reserve. (2) Eastern end of plantation along Mangubu to Kiwanda village. (3) On shrubland between road and upper part of compartment KS5. (4) Upper boundary of plantation (150 m strip) against natural forest and Amani Nature reserve. (5) Kambai and Kwemdimu villagesâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; boundary forest reserve/plantation.

53 Â

5.1.6 Communication 5.1.6.1 Roads Main and access roads will provide access for fire fighting and fire baseline for counter firing. 5.1.6.2 Telephone Telephone service will be provided (cellular phones) to cover the entire plantation area. During this plan period, the telecommunication system (cellular phones) will be maintained by providing the users with airtime. 5.1.6.3 Equipment There is no any forest fire equipment available for fire fighting. Additional equipment will be procured during the plan period.

L/Cruiser Pick up Wide rakes Chain saws

Quantity in stock 0 0 0

Overall

100

Boots

100

Fire beaters

100

Hoes

Pangas Axes Knap Sprayers Water containers Bow saws

0 0 0 0 0

80 50 10 10 80

Items

Required

Remarks

1 80 4

For fire fighting/fire suppression

NB: Where necessary vehicle and other relevant equipment will also be available for fire fighting if need arises. 5.1.6.4 Shamba allocation During land preparation for planting trees and annual agricultural crops, attention will be given to the clear felled areas where there is a lot of burnable materials which can be a source of fires in forest land. 5.1.6.5 Responsibility of staff Forest staffs are immediately responsible for all fire prevention measures in the assigned ranges and they will organize and supervise fire-fighting operation. There will always be a responsible Officer on duty, a standby vehicle and driver and other staffs on duty at the plantation main office all time during the fire season. A fire roster will be prepared and maintained during fire season. Every licensee is obliged to participate in fire fighting and this is one of the conditions to obtain license. During the period of highest fire danger there will be a permanent nucleus of fire fighting crew of six men at the range centres. 5.1.6.6 Entrances to different parts of the plantation Since the Forest reserve and plantation is sub divided in blocks due to its geographical location and position, it has difference entrance according as it is mentioned below; (i) East entrance into the plantation main gate from Bombani village. (ii) Entrance from Potwe village. (iii) Entrance from Kimbo and Mashewa village. (iv) Entrance from Kihuhwi-Msowelo village. 54 Â

5.1.6.7 Burning regulations If necessary, any burning in shamba preparation will require the permission of Assistant Forest Officer in charge of the Range who must be satisfied that there is no risk of fire escaping before giving this permission. This officer will have to check the area if it is adjacent to plantation or if it is next to area of high fire danger. 5.1.6.8 Training People will be trained on fire fighting techniques (on-job training). The training will emphasize:(i) The importance of preventing fires. (ii) The importance of quick and unconditional response to fire alarms. (iii) Means and methods of fire suppression. (iv) Use of fire fighting equipment and tools. (v) Safety measures during fire fighting. 5.1.6.9 Maintenance of fire equipment All forest fire equipment must be checked before the onset of dry season and immediately after use. After work and on weekends vehicles will be filled up with fuel and left in good running condition. Water tanks will be filled up with water at all the time and immediately after use. Chain saws will be checked and kept in good running order. 5.1.6.10 Fire fighting Different fires require different fire fighting methods. The method of fighting will be decided by the fire boss in-charge but it can involve either or both of:(i) Direct attack (ii) Indirect attack Both methods involve:(i) Beating up smoother (ii) Suppression by spraying with water (iii) Isolation by hoeing, ploughing or bulldozing (iv) Counter-firing, but it is unlikely that all methods will be applied at once and for the same fire. 5.1.6.11 Fire patrols These will be arranged by the Assistant Foresters in charge of ranges and will cover all areas of fire danger. Forest fires outside the plantation area and in the heather land will be fought and suppressed as if they are within the plantation. 5.1.6.12 Fire report Any forest fire within plantation or natural forest, Forest Manager will submit a report together with his comments to the Chief Executive Officer. The fire report will include: (i)

Forest Plantation name and date.

(ii)

Location of fire (indicate compartment and sub-compartment species involved and year planted).

(iii)

Time of the day and of the week the fire was reported.

(iv)

Cause or the supposed causes of the fire.

(v)

Weather conditions of that day (e.g. cloudy, dry and sunny, strong winds, etc.)

55 Â

(vi)

Means of reporting and when did fire crew reached scene of fire (if no exact time is known, state the approximate interval between time fire was reported and when the crew was dispatched to the fire).

(vii)

Interval between arrival of fire crew and extinguishing the fire.

(viii)

Number of people involved in the fire fighting operation.

(ix)

Type of equipment used during operation.

(x)

Damage (if any) sustained to equipment and estimated cost of repair and replacement of losses.

(xi)

Injuries sustained to personnel during the fire fighting operation.

(xii)

Acreage burnt and estimated cost of the damage.

(xiii)

Estimated cost of fighting the fire and if labour was paid or free.

5.2. APPENDIX II: Annual Rainfall – Longuza Forest Plantation Year

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

Months → Description ↓

Jan

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Total

Annual Mean (mm)

Rainfall (mm)

236.5

116.6

182.4

377.9

31.7

109.8

78.1

52.4

154.8

260.6

416.1

2,039.9

169.99

Days rained

140

11.67

Rainfall (mm)

19.3

36.2

208.4

372.6

249.8

16.9

38.7

135.1

22.1

282.2

44.6

4.3

1,430.2

119.18

Days rained

7.42

Rainfall (mm)

3.5

76.3

212.8

490.4

350.5

34.8

45.6

23.2

45.3

100.5

1.9

1,421.8

118.48

Days rained

7.25

Rainfall (mm)

110.9

312.1

270.9

231.2

19.4

23.6

17.2

584.2

265.2

232.2

2,066.9

172.24

Days rained

116

9.67

Rainfall (mm)

231

131.3

262.6

479

199.6

106.3

71.3

80.1

69.7

27.3

1,739.2

144.93

Days rained

103

8.58

Rainfall (mm)

63.2

347.3

326.5

187.5

127.4

125.6

101.6

68.9

72.9

237.2

28.8

1,691.9

140.99

Days rained

104

8.67

Rainfall (mm)

18.1

189.1

194.9

302.6

179.2

51.3

99.9

81.9

170.8

1,404.8

117.07

Days rained

8.08

Rainfall (mm)

121.7

4.7

208.6

318.6

124.7

63.5

21.6

7.2

26.7

55.7

1,042.2

86.85

Days rained

7.42

Rainfall (mm)

41.6

16.8

256.5

372.3

84.2

3.4

43.9

194.6

116.8

358.7

229.1

98.6

1,816.5

151.38

Days rained

7.67

Rainfall (mm)

5.3

21.8

18.2

92.1

122.2

108.5

35.2

64.5

58.7

30.9

63.9

717.3

59.76

Days rained

5.83

Rainfall (mm)

186.8

113.9

243.9

233.9

86.9

25.5

42.8

5.9

175.9

214.3

61.7

1,403.5

116.96

Days rained

7.25

Rainfall (mm)

116.8

166.7

243.7

193.9

493

72.9

51.5

189

227.2

13.4

1,812.1

151.01

Days rained

6.33

Rainfall (mm)

9.7

46.1

100.3

164.6

222.4

105.6

66.7

39.7

100.9

427.3

501.3

198.4

1,983

165.25

Days rained

114

9.5

Rainfall (mm)

143.7

61.9

170.6

332.2

197

117

1,395.4

116.28

Days rained

7.17

Monthly mean rainfall (mm)

68.97

55.04

169.73

274.55

230.30

123.25

52.54

84.87

49.13

190.15

168.90

101.43

1,568.90

Days mean

4.35

3.92

8.21

14.92

12.92

8.21

7.78

7.57

6.28

9.07

8.92

6.50

96.42

2004

2005

2006

2007

14 years

5.3. APPENDIX III: Longuza Forest Plantation organization chart

5.4. APPENDIX IV: Calendar for Annual Nursery Operationsâ&#x20AC;&#x201C;Longuza plantation Month Operations Preparation of soil in the Forest and transportation to the nursery

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

March

April

May

Soil mixing, soil watering And pot filling Seed sowing Watering of pots, watering and sowing of seeds Spraying, pricking out and weeding Seedling bed preparation Beating up in the pots Pre-treatment of seeds Root pruning Preparing, arranging and counting of transplants for field planting Transportation of Transplants to planting sites

57 Â

June

5.5 APPENDIX V: MANAGEMENT PLAN FORMS 5.5.1 Form 1: Area with Satisfactory Growing Stock MANAGEMENT PLAN

FOREST PLANTATION: Longuza. DATE: 15/07/13.

AREA AND TREE SPECIES (full scientific name and hectares 1,804.2) (1) AREA WITH SATISFACTORY GROWING STOCK Softwoods:

Sawlog Scheme: (0 Ha).

Pulpwood Scheme: (0 Ha)

Hardwoods:

Tectona grandis

1,772.4 ha

Terminalia

10.5ha

Chlorophora regia

0.3ha

Cedrela odorata

14.7ha

Hardwood total:

1,804.2ha

Normal Scheme:

0.0 ha.

58 Â

Pulpwood Scheme:

0.0ha

Figure 1 Area Distribution by species

59 Â

(2) OPEN AREAS (AND OTHER AREAS) ONCE PLANTED BUT NOW IN NEED OF REPLANTING

Ordinarily clear felled areas:

63.4 ha. TAFORI

Encroached areas

0.0 ha

Burnt areas:

0.0 ha

Wind fallen areas:

0.0 ha

Planting failed

0.0ha

In other ways damaged areas:

0.0 ha

Total replanting needs:

63.4 ha

Species to be used for replanting of above areas: - Softwoods: - Hardwoods: Cedrella odorata; Cedrella tona; Tectona grandis Hardwoods total: 348.3 ha (3) TOTAL PLANTATION AREA Softwoods (Item 1+Item 2)

0.0 ha

Hardwoods (Item 1+Item 2)

1,804.2 ha

Total (Total plantation areas once planted):

1,804.2 ha

(4) EXTENSION POSSIBILITIES AND PLANS Total area available for extension on plantation:

200 ha

Area planned to be planted within five years:

310 ha

Species planned to be used: Tectona grandis, and/or Terminalia invorensis. Grand Total (Total planted area at the end of the plan period):

310 ha

(5) ROTATION AGE (Years and MAI (m3/ha/year) Rotation age- Tectona grandis (30-40 years); Terminalia/Cedrella (30 years). MAI- Tectona grandis (10m3/ha/yr); Terminalia/Cedrella (16m3/ha/year

60 Â

Kihuhwi Sigi

Longuza

Kihuhwi

Kihuhwi Sigi

Longuza

Kihuhwi Sigi

Longuza

Kihuhwi Sigi

Kihuhwi

BLOCK ID

BLOCK

KS 4A

KH 10

LGF 58C

LGF 58B

LGF 58A

LG1

KS6A

KS3B

KS1

KS 8B

KS 7

LG 14

KS 8A

KH 1

LG 5C

KSR 65

KSR 64

KS 8A-1

KS3F

KS4D

KS 4B

KS 8D

KS 3D

KS 8C-1

KH 8

CMPT

SPP

42.6

0.5

4.4

3.2

39.4

19.4

9.7

22.8

59.1

21.2

31.6

96.2

2.2

0.9

0.3

3.3

3.1

2.9

0.4

6.3

AREA

2009

2010

2011

2013

1964

2004

2008

P/YEAR

5.5.2 Form 2: Planted Areas (ha) by year and species and blocks

50,395

4,199.00

558.00

2,914.00

93,598.

30,785.

33,984.

11,044.

14,090.

56,894.

19,171

85,675

13,354.

160.00

3,273.00

3,462.00

1,340.00

340.00

1,056.00

TREES/ COMPT

435.00

37.00

1.00

4.00

1,194.00

73.00

183.00

90.00

151.00

329.00

5.00

361.00

94.00

215.00

326.00

186.00

24.00

26.00

VOL/COMPT

10.21

12.33

2.00

0.91

17.06

1.85

9.43

9.28

6.62

5.57

0.24

4.01

313.33

65.15

105.16

64.14

60.00

5.20

VOL/HA

1,183.00

1,400.00

1,116.00

662.00

1,337.00

781.00

1,752.00

1,139.00

618.00

963.00

904.00

952.00

422.60

533.00

992.00

1,117.00

838.00

850.00

160.00

TREES/HA

24.37

11.15

15.34

15.85

10.26

B.AREA/HA

H.MEAN/HA

D.MEAN/HA

REMARKS

Longuza

Kihuhwi Sigi

Longuza

Kihuhwi Sigi

Longuza

Kihuhwi Sigi

Kihuhwi

Kihuhwi Sigi

Longuza

Kihuhwi

Longuza

Kihuhwi

Longuza

LG 6B

KH 6

LG 8B

LG 8A

KH 7

LG 9B

LG 7

LG 10

KS 3C 1

KH 9

KS 3C 2

LG 11B

LG 11A

LG 2

KS 3A

LGF 61B

LGF 61A

LG 5A

LG 3

KS 6B

KS 6C

KS 3E

KS 2

LG 13

LG 12

LG 8C

LG 4

16.9

33.6

18.7

27.2

73.1

25.6

62.5

26.9

1.3

10.9

3.1

23.4

19.4

31.5

23.2

43.2

1.3

2.8

100

19.6

1975

1976

1977

1978

1979

1988

1991

1993

2007

2008

2009

3,134.00

9,289.00

935.00

2,984.00

22,191.

12,997

27,218.

10,328.

2,698.00

1,782.00

6,955.00

5,150.00

25,047

25,213.

28,225.

25,012

62,892

1,415.00

4,066.00

3,659.00

59,473.

11,847

22,207.0

16,271.

4,405.00

10,487.

755.00

3,582.00

26,684.

3,941.00

16,120.

5,699.00

2,726.00

522.00

1,630.00

2,756.00

2,473.00

493.00

671.00

589.00

1,443.00

35.00

101.00

90.00

733.00

138.00

444.00

369.00

260.65

312.11

40.37

131.69

365.03

153.95

257.92

211.86

250.09

168.39

163.00

275.60

105.68

25.41

21.30

25.39

33.40

26.92

25.25

32.14

7.33

13.80

22.65

14.76

185.00

276.00

50.00

110.00

304.00

508.00

435.00

384.00

248.00

575.00

695.00

515.00

1,118.00

1,300.00

916.00

857.00

1,456.00

1,088.00

1,017.00

1,307.00

594.00

1,185.00

1,133.00

814.00

19.68

29.76

4.06

10.97

27.81

18.23

24.86

21.75

23.28

23.44

18.46

23.50

11.79

fused to ks3cii

Kihuhwi

Longuza

Kihuhwi

Kihuhwi Sigi

Kihuhwi

Kihuhwi Sigi

Longuza

NB;

Longuza

TER

ADJ CAI=0.6733844*ytcai

LG 9A

KS 8C-2

KS 5

KH 1B

KH 1A

KS 9

KH 2C

KH 2B

KH 2A

KH 3

KH 4

LG 5B

KH 5

LG 6A

5.2

6.6

53.7

39.6

60.9

56.3

50.2

30.4

91.2

27.5

61.4

28.1

63.7

1978

2008

1966

1970

1971

1972

1973

1974

1975

943,084

6,730.00

11,594

10,525.

9,177.00

9,046.00

7,245.00

25,004

10,657

15,449

3,601.00

12,790.

3,986.00

244,469

70.00

18,774.

8,742.00

15,344

13,265.

7,164.00

30,121

14,444

18,459.

3,602.00

19,946.

3,918.00

6,806

10.61

349.61

220.76

272.54

264.24

235.66

330.27

525.24

300.64

128.19

313.12

217.67

38,345

1,020.00

216.00

266.00

170.00

180.00

238.00

274.00

390.00

252.00

127.00

201.00

221.00

642

26.06

34.03

27.31

25.19

24.48

33.31

54.25

29.91

11.78

22.85

18.37

825

1,059

harvesting on progress

Kihuhwi Sigi

BLOCK ID

BLOCK

S/N

COMPARTIMENT REGISTER FORM.

LONGUZA FOREST PLANTATION

KSR 67

KSR 65

KSR 64

KS 8A-1

KS 8A

KS6A

KS3B

KS1

KS 8B

KS 7

KS 4A

KS 8C-1

KS 8C-2

KS 6B

KS 6C

KS 3E

KS 2

KS 3A

KS4D

KS 4B

KS 8D

KS 3D

KS 3C 2

KS 3C 1

KS 9

KS 5

KS3F

COMPT.

T. Grandis

Cedrelle spp

Terminalia spp

T. Grandis

Cedrelle spp

T. Grandis

Melicia excelsa

SPP

2013

2011

2010

2009

2008

2007

2004

1991

1979

1971

1966

1964

P/YEAR

2.2

0.9

39.4

19.4

9.7

22.8

59.1

42.6

6.6

43.2

1.3

2.8

19.4

3.3

3.1

2.9

0.4

3.1

1.3

56.3

53.7

0.3

A R Ha

85,675

30,785

33,984

11,044

14,090

56,894

50,395

1,056

6,730

62,892

1,415

4,066

3,659

25,213

3,273

3,462

1,340

340

1,782

9,177

11,594

160

T R E E S / COMPT

361

183

151

329

435

1,443

101

493

215

326

186

522

15,344

18,774

V O L COMPT

952

781

1,752

1,139

618

963

1,183

160

1,020

1,456

1,088

1,017

1,307

1,300

992

1,117

838

850

575

170

216

533

TREES/Ha.

11.148

15.339

15.848

10.257

23.442

27.306

26.056

24.370

B .AREA/Ha.

4.020

2.460

6.000

5.980

5.730

4.990

6.490

10.000

5.710

9.850

10.000

8.000

11.700

13.580

15.330

27.880

32.190

30.400

H.MEAN/Ha.

3.9

1.6

4.0

4.7

6.1

4.2

4.6

7.0

5.7

6.7

7.0

13.5

14.1

17.2

49.4

42.9

33.5

D . M E A N / Ha.

KS3C-2

TAFORI

8D+4C

TTSA

Remarks

Kihuhwi

TOTAL

BLOCK

Longuza

S/N

Longuza

Kihuhwi

Longuza

Kihuhwi

Longuza

Kihuhwi

Longuza

Kihuhwi

Longuza

Kihuhwi

BLOCK ID

Kihuhwi

BLOCK ID

BLOCK

S/N

TOTAL

LG 11B

LG 11A

LG 10

LG 9B

LG 9A

LG 7

LG 8B

LG 8A

LG 6A

LG 6B

LG 5C

LG 5B

COMPT.

KH 1

KH 8

KH 10

KH 9

KH 7

KH 6

KH 5

KH 4

KH 3

KH 2C

KH 2B

KH 2A

KH 1B

KH 1A

COMPT.

T. Grandis

Terminalia spp

T. Grandis

SPP

T. Grandis

SPP

1993

1979

1978

1977

1975

1974

P/YEAR

2011

2009

1988

1977

1976

1974

1973

1972

1971

1970

P/YEAR

6.30

26.9

25.6

5.2

62.5

18.7

27.2

16.9

96.2

28.1

A R Ha

545.5

31.6

10.9

73.1

33.6

63.7

61.4

27.5

50.2

30.4

91.2

39.6

60.9

AREA Ha

548.8

13,354

4,199

6,955

5,150

10,328

12,997

27,218

935

2,984

3,986

3,134

3,601

T R E E S / COMPT

2,698

22,191

9,289

12,790

15,449

10,657

9,046

7,245

25,004

10,525

TREES/ COMPT

1,630

2,756

5,699

3,941

16,120

755

3,582

3,918

4,405

3,602

V O L COMPT

2,726

26,684

10,487

19,946

18,459

14,444

13,265

7,164

30,121

8,742

VOL./ COMPT

422.6

1,400.0

695

515

384

508

435

110

221

185

127

T R E E S / Ha.

248.0

304.0

276.0

201.0

252.0

390.0

180.0

238.0

274.0

266.0

TREES/Ha.

18.46

23.50

21.745

18.232

24.857

4.064

10.972

18.372

19.680

11.780

B ASAL AREA/ Ha.

23.28

27.812

29.764

22.854

29.914

54.248

25.188

24.475

33.305

34.032

B .AREA/ Ha.

0.32

6.12

17.85

25.38

22.450

18.43

23.990

24.240

28.840

28.180

31.160

26.440

H.MEAN/Ha.

26.05

30.39

26.12

32.17

25.78

25.63

27.43

24.68

25.64

17.82

H.MEAN/Ha.

0.40

4.70

20.10

26.40

29.700

25.200

31.200

37.200

39.200

37.600

40.000

38.800

D.MEAN/Ha.

38.60

37.30

39.80

41.00

42.20

44.80

46.30

41.40

43.10

44.40

D.MEAN/ Ha.

Halikupimwa

Remarks

TAFORI

Remarks

Longuza

TOTAL

Area do differ from one map to another’

Nb:

TAFORI plots area others not captured

Longuza

LG 14

LGF 58C

LGF 58B

LGF 58A

LG1

LG 13

LG 12

LG 8C

LG 4

LGF 61B

LGF 61A

LG 5A

LG 3

LG 2

T. Grandis

2011

2010

2009

2008

2007

677.3

21.2

0.5

4.4

3.2

100

19.6

31.5

23.2

23.4

19,171

558

2,914

93,598

59,473

11,847

22,207

16,271

28,225

25,012

25,047

1,194

733

138

444

369

671

589

2,473

904

1,116

662

1,337

5,795

1,185

1,133

814

916

857

1,118

11.787

1.210

4.000

3.080

7.350

6.830

6.820

8.620

9.330

9.740

9.550

12.880

1.600

3.000

2.700

5.400

5.600

5.000

6.600

6.900

7.000

12.100

LG 10

KWEDILIMA

LG 3i+LG 3ii

Kihuhwi Sigi

Longuza

Kihuhwi

Kihuhwi Sigi

Longuza

Kihuhwi Sigi

Longuza

Kihuhwi Sigi

Kihuhwi

Longuza

BLOCK ID

BLOCK

LGF 58A

LG1

KS6A

KS3B

KS1

KS 8B

KS 7

LG 14

KS 8A

KH 1

LG 5C

KSR 65

KSR 64

KS 8A-1

KS3F

KS4D

KS 4B

KS 8D

KS 3D

KS 8C-1

KH 8

CMPT

T. Grandis

Melicia excelsa

Cedrelle spp

SPP

5.5.3 Form 3: Allowable Cut.

STRATA

3.2

39.4

19.4

9.7

22.8

59.1

21.2

31.6

96.2

2.2

0.9

0.3

3.3

3.1

2.9

0.4

6.3

AREA

AGE YRS

2010

2011

2013

1964

2004

2008

P/YEAR

93,598

30,785

33,984

11,044

14,090

56,894

19,171

85,675

13,354

160

3,273

3,462

1,340

340

1,056

TREES/COMPT

1,194

183

151

329

361

215

326

186

VOL/COMPT

0.00

17.06

1.85

9.43

9.28

6.62

5.57

0.24

4.01

0.00

313.33

65.15

105.16

64.14

60.00

5.20

0.00

VOL/HA

1,337

781

1,752

1,139

618

963

904

952

422.6

533

992

1,117

838

850

160

TREES/HA

24.37

11.148

15.339

15.848

10.257

B.AREA/HA

H.MEAN/HA

D.MEAN/HA

YT CAI (M3/HA/YR)

12.121

0.000

3.367

10.101

12.121

0.000

ADJ CAI

848.46

477.56

235.15

117.57

276.36

716.35

256.96

1090.88

383.02

0.00

1.01

33.33

37.57

35.15

4.85

60.60

0.00

TOTAL CAI

REMARKS

Kihuhwi Sigi

Longuza

Kihuhwi Sigi

Longuza

Kihuhwi Sigi

Longuza

Kihuhwi Sigi

Kihuhwi

Kihuhwi Sigi

Longuza

Kihuhwi

Longuza

KS 3C 1

KH 9

KS 3C 2

LG 11B

LG 11A

LG 2

KS 3A

LGF 61B

LGF 61A

LG 5A

LG 3

KS 6B

KS 6C

KS 3E

KS 2

LG 13

LG 12

LG 8C

LG 4

KS 4A

KH 10

LGF 58C

LGF 58B

T. Grandis

1.3

10.9

3.1

23.4

19.4

31.5

23.2

43.2

1.3

2.8

100

19.6

42.6

0.5

4.4

1979

1988

1991

1993

2007

2008

2009

2010

2,698

1,782

6,955

5,150

25,047

25,213

28,225

25,012

62,892

1,415

4,066

3,659

59,473

11,847

22,207

16,271

50,395

4,199

558

2,914

2,726

522

1,630

2,756

2,473

493

671

589

1,443

101

733

138

444

369

435

0.00

250.09

168.39

163.00

275.60

105.68

25.41

0.00

21.30

25.39

33.40

26.92

25.25

32.14

7.33

13.80

22.65

14.76

10.21

12.33

2.00

0.91

248

575

695

515

1,118

1,300

916

857

1,456

1,088

1,017

1,307

5,795

1,185

1,133

814

1,183

1,400

1,116

662

23.28

23.442

18.46

23.5

11.787

6.734

10.101

12.121

73.40

31.31

101.01

283.63

235.15

0.00

381.81

281.21

523.62

15.76

48.48

33.94

1212.09

121.21

237.57

303.02

516.35

36.36

6.06

53.33

Longuza

Kihuhwi

Longuza

Kihuhwi

Longuza

Kihuhwi

Kihuhwi Sigi

Kihuhwi

Kihuhwi Sigi

LG 9A

KS 8C-2

KS 5

KH 1B

KH 1A

KS 9

KH 2C

KH 2B

KH 2A

KH 3

KH 4

LG 5B

KH 5

LG 6A

LG 6B

KH 6

LG 8B

LG 8A

KH 7

ADJ CAI=0.6733844*ytCAI

Kihuhwi

LG 9B

NB;

Longuza

LG 7

Longuza

LG 10

Longuza

Terminalia spp

T. Grandis

5.2

6.6

53.7

39.6

60.9

56.3

50.2

30.4

91.2

27.5

61.4

28.1

63.7

16.9

33.6

18.7

27.2

73.1

25.6

62.5

26.9

1978

2008

1966

1970

1971

1972

1973

1974

1975

1976

1977

1978

1979

943,084

6,730

11,594

10,525

9,177

9,046

7,245

25,004

10,657

15,449

3,601

12,790

3,986

3,134

9,289

935

2,984

22,191

12,997

27,218

10,328

244,469

18,774

8,742

15,344

13,265

7,164

30,121

14,444

18,459

3,602

19,946

3,918

4,405

10,487

755

3,582

26,684

3,941

16,120

5,699

6,806

0.00

10.61

349.61

220.76

0.00

272.54

264.24

235.66

330.27

525.24

300.64

128.19

313.12

217.67

260.65

312.11

40.37

131.69

365.03

153.95

257.92

211.86

43,546

1,020

216

266

170

180

238

274

390

252

127

201

221

185

276

110

304

508

435

384

642

26.056

34.032

27.306

25.188

24.475

33.305

54.248

29.914

11.78

22.854

18.372

19.68

29.764

4.064

10.972

27.812

18.232

24.857

21.745

628

484.842

12.121

3.367

6.734

12,261

80.00

180.80

133.33

189.56

169.02

102.35

307.06

92.59

206.73

94.61

214.47

60.60

56.90

113.13

62.96

91.58

246.12

86.19

420.87

181.14

Kihuhwi Sigi

KS3B

KS1

KS 8B

KS 7

KS 4A

KS 8C-1

KS 8C-2

KS 6B

KS 6C

KS 3E

KS 2

KS 3A

KS4D

KS 4B

KS 8D

KS 3D

KS 3C 2

KS 3C 1

KS 9

KS 5

T. Grandis

Cedrelle spp

Te r m i n a l i a spp

T. Grandis

Cedrelle spp

T. Grandis

M. excelsa

KS3F

Kihuhwi Sigi

SPP

PLANTATION REGISTER LONGUZA FOREST PLANTATION COMPARTIMENT REGISTER FORM. S/N BLOCK BLOCK ID COMPT.

5.5.4 Form 4 Plantation Register

2010

2009

2008

2007

2004

1991

1979

1971

1966

1964

P/YEAR

9.7

6.6

1.3

2.8

3.3

3.1

2.9

0.4

3.1

1.3

0.3

AREA(HA)

33,984

11,044

14,090

56,894

50,395

1,056

6,730

62,892

1,415

4,066

3,659

25,213

3,273

3,462

1,340

340

1,782

9,177

11,594

160

TREES/HA

183

151

329

435

1,443

101

493

215

326

186

522

15,344

18,774

VOL./HA

1,752

1,139

618

963

1,183

160

1,020

1,456

1,088

1,017

1,307

1,300

992

1,117

838

850

575

170

216

533

TREESHA

11.1

15.3

15.8

10.3

23.4

27.3

26.1

24.4

B.AREA/Ha.

5.98

5.73

4.99

6.49

5.71

9.85

11.7

13.58

15.33

27.88

32.19

30.4

H.MEAN/Ha.

4.7

6.1

4.2

4.6

5.7

6.7

13.5

14.1

17.2

49.4

42.9

33.5

D.MEAN/ (HA)

8D+4C

FUSED KS3C-2

TTSA

Remarks

Kihuhwi Sigi

TOTAL

Kihuhwi

TOTAL

BLOCK

Longuza

S/N

BLOCK

Kihuhwi Sigi

S/N

Kihuhwi Sigi

BLOCK ID

COMPT .NO

LG 6B

LG 5C

LG 5B

COMPT.

KH 1

KH 8

KH 10

KH 9

KH 7

KH 6

KH 5

KH 4

KH 3

KH 2C

KH 2B

KH 2A

KH 1B

KH 1A

KSR 67

KSR 65

KSR 64

KS 8A-1

KS 8A

KS6A

T. Grandis

SPP

T. Grandis

SPP T. Grandis

T. Grandis

1975

1974

P/YEAR

2011

2009

1988

1977

1976

1974

1973

1972

1971

1970

P /YEAR 1970

2013

2011

2010

AREA Ha

AREA ha

546

6.3

549

2.2

0.9

3,134

4,405

3,602

VOL./Compt

TREES/ Compt 3,601

2,726

26,684

10,487

19,946

18,459

14,444

13,265

7,164

30,121

8,742

VOL./ COMPT

361

13,354

4,199

2,698

22,191

9,289

12,790

15,449

10,657

9,046

7,245

25,004

10,525

TREES/ COMPT

85,675

30,785

185

127

TREES/Ha

422.6

1,400

248

304

276

201

252

390

180

238

274

266

TREES /Ha.

952

781

19.68

11.78

B ASAL AREA/ Ha.

23.28

27.81

29.76

22.85

29.91

54.25

25.19

24.48

33.31

34.03

B .AREA /HA

31.16

26.44

H.MEAN/Ha.

0.32

6.12

26.05

30.39

26.12

32.17

25.78

25.63

27.43

24.68

25.64

17.82

H.MEAN /Ha.

4.02

2.46

38.8

D.MEAN/ Ha.

0.4

4.7

38.6

37.3

39.8

42.2

44.8

46.3

41.4

43.1

44.4

D.MEAN /HA

3.9

1.6

NOT MEASURED

Remarks

TAFORI

NOT MEASURED

Remarks

TAFORI

Longuza

TOTAL Area do differ from one map to another’

TAFORI plots area others not captured

Cedrella odorata Tectona grandis Mellicia exelsa

26 Nb:

KEY CO TG ME

LG 14

LGF 58C

LGF 58B

LGF 58A

LG1

LG 13

LG 12

LG 8C

LG 4

LGF 61B

LGF 61A

LG 5A

LG 3

LG 2

LG 11B

LG 11A

LG 10

LG 9B

LG 9A

LG 7

LG 8B

T. Grandis

Te r m i n a l i a spp

T. Grandis

Longuza

LG 8A

T. Grandis

Longuza

LG 6A

Longuza

2011

2010

2009

2008

2007

1993

1979

1978

1977

1975

677

0.5

4.4

3.2

100

5.2

19,171

558

2,914

93,598

59,473

11,847

22,207

16,271

28,225

25,012

25,047

6,955

5,150

10,328

12,997

27,218

935

2,984

3,986

1,194

733

138

444

369

671

589

2,473

1,630

2,756

5,699

3,941

16,120

755

3,582

3,918

904

1,116

662

1,337

5,795

1,185

1,133

814

916

857

1,118

695

515

384

508

435

110

221

11.79

18.46

23.5

21.75

18.23

24.86

4.064

10.97

18.37

1.21

3.08

7.35

6.83

6.82

8.62

9.33

9.74

9.55

12.88

17.85

25.38

22.45

18.43

23.99

24.24

28.84

28.18

1.6

2.7

5.4

5.6

6.6

6.9

12.1

20.1

26.4

29.7

25.2

31.2

37.2

39.2

37.6

LG 10

KWEDILIMA

FUSED TO LG 5A

FUSED TO LG 2

LG 3i+LG 3ii

Halikupimwa

5.5.5 Form 5: Processing Capacity Customer

Capacity (m³)

Assortment Required

Planned (m³) 2013/2014 2014/2015

2015/2016

2016/2017

2017/2018

Prime timber Ltd

3,000

Standing Volume

1,200

Burhani Sawmill

2,100

Standing Volume

1,000

5,000

Standing Volume

1,500

M1 International Ltd

2,500

Standing Volume

1,000

JD International Ltd.

4,000

Standing Volume

1,300

Wood World Impex Ltd.

4,000

Standing Volume

1,300

Universal G&G Ltd.

2,000

Standing Volume

1,000

Tanga Teak

5,000

Standing Volume

1,500

Mohamed Enterprises Ltd.

8,000

Standing Volume

2,000

Jiya Industries Ltd.

2,500

Standing Volume

1,000

Total Processing Capacity

38,100

Standing Volume

12,800

Total

Cielmac Ltd.

Standing volume

5.5.6 Form No. 6 AGE CLASS DISTRIBUTION BY AREA, SPECIES AND VOLUME Age class

Area-Species (Ha) 0PEN

VOLUME (m3) -SPP

M.E

T. SPP

Total

M.E

T. SPP

Total -

Open area

6.3

≤5

833.8

843.8

7,476

6 to 10

9.7

42.8

52.5

751

2,966

11 to 15

16 to 20

4,386

21 to 25

3,248

26 to 30

31 to 35

116.3

5.5

121.8

25,760

>35

0.3

750.5

750.8

199,692

Total

6.3

14.7

0.3

1777.4

10.5

1809.2

777

243,528

KEY CO TG ME

Cedrella odorata Tectona grandis Mellicia excelsa

7,572 3,717 4,386 3,248

199,786 244,469

Table 13: Thinning schedule for Tectona grandis Table 13a: Thinning schedule for Tectona grandis planted before 2003 Age/ Years

Operation

Trees Before Thinning

After Thinning

Trees Cut

Standing vol.(M3) Before After Thinning Thinning

Planting

1,680

Allowable cut (M3/Ha) Saw Chip Total logs logs -

1st Thinning

1,680

1,125

555

2nd Thinning

1,125

875

250

3rd Thinning

875

625

250

4th Thinning

625

375

250

5th Thinning

375

250

125

30-40

Clear felling

250

350

Replanting

1,680

398

227

TOTAL

NB thinning schedules for Terminalia and other species same as teak. Table 13b: Thinning schedule for Tectona grandis established after 2003 Age/Years

Operation

Before thinning

Stems per hactare After thinning

Trees to be cut

0-4

Planting

1600

1st Thinning

1600

800

2 Thinning

800

400

3rd Thinning

400

300

100

30-40

Clearfelling

300

Replanting

1600

74 Â

40 45 50 60 35 370 625

5.5.7. Sketched map of Longuza Forest Plantation

75 Â

300000

162500

39000

26000

130000

78000

19500

26000

Land prep, (ha) Bush cutting

Land prep, (ha) Chopping & Heaping

Land prep, (ha) Trash burning

Land prep, (ha) Stake Cutting

Land prep, (ha) loading & Unloading of Stakes

Land prep, (ha) l Staking

Planting (ha) Stump Transportation

Planting (ha) Loading & Unloading Stumps

Planting (ha) Actual

Beating up

32500

Nursery Plants (Tshs)

60.9

200000

Quantity

Unit cost

2013/2014

Operation

Age (yrs)

(i) Teak, Cedrella and Terminalia sp

5.5.8. Form 8 Silvicultural needs

325000

1583400

1187550

4750200

7917000

1583400

2375100

9896250

18270000

14000000

Tshs

79.7

250000

Quantity

2014/2015

520000

2072200

1554150

6216600

10361000

2072200

3108300

12951250

23910000

17500000

Tshs

77.29

250000

Quantity

2015/2016

520000

2009540

1507155

6028620

10047700

2009540

3014310

12559625

23187000

17500000

Tshs

67.29

200000

Quantity

2016/2017

325000

1749540

1312155

5248620

8747700

1749540

2624310

10934625

20187000

14000000

Tss

66.72

200000

Quantity

2017/2018

325000

1734720

1301040

5204160

8673600

1734720

2602080

10842000

20016000

14000000

Tshs

351.9

1100000

Quantity

Total

2015000.0

9149400.0

6862050.0

27448200.0

45747000.0

9149400.0

13724100.0

57183750.0

105570000.0

77000000.0

Tshs

162500

650000

325000.00

80000

16000

Weeding (ha)

Weeding (ha) (4 times)

Weeding (Ha) (twice)

Weeding (Ha) (0nce)

1st Thinning & singling

Marking for 2nd Thin

Marking for 3rd Thin

Marking for 4th Thin

Silviculture – Total

2.00

1070.7

10.4

175.2

41.8

199.8

556.5

511374100

166400

2803200

3344000

64935000.00

361725000

14137500

1323.4

228.5

191.4

374.3

468.3

60.9

538280750

3656000

15312000

121647500.00

304395000

9896250

1289.1

116.8

200.

374.30

518.3

79.7

570760350

1868800

16000000

121647500.00

336895000

12951250

1260.59

250

603.50

339.8

67.29

517444925

20000000

196137500

220870000

10934625

1546.62

149.6

250

603.50

389.8

66.72

553170500

2393600

1392000

20000000

196137500

253370000

10842000

6490.41

160

607.5

933.2

2155.40

2272.7

361.61

2691030625.0

0.0

2560000.0

9720000.0

74656000.0

700505000.0

1477255000.0

58761625.0

5.5.9a. Location map – Longuza Forest reserve

5.5.9b. Location map – Kolekole Forest reserve

80 Â

81 Â

Notes

82 Â

83 Â