fg by ADCF_DSU

2021 㽀ᬫᶫ 2㽀᠗ ᷀⬃᳧㽀᜷ ㅣ◿᳧㽀シ ỻㅷㅟ㽀ᛣ

$VLD 'HVLJQ $UFKLYH ⼫ⳃ⼫ỻㅷㅟ ⼫㡛ㅛ⟳

2021 㽀ᬫᶫ 2㽀᠗ ᷀⬃᳧㽀᜷ ㅣ◿᳧㽀シ ỻㅷㅟ㽀ᛣ

$VLD 'HVLJQ $UFKLYH ⼫ⳃ⼫ỻㅷㅟ ⼫㡛ㅛ⟳

⦺ᚁḡ íᰍ‫ྙם‬

⦺ᚁ‫⫭ݡ‬ ၽ⢽‫ྙם‬

vၶ

ᩎᔍⰒྙ⪵Ñญ Ğš᮹ ŖŖॵᯱᯙ ⠪aḡ⢽ᨱ š⦽ ᩑǍ

ʡḥǎ

ၙॵᨕ ᦥ✙ෝ ᮲ᬊ⦽ ➉ᖹ ᯝ్ᜅ✙౩ᯕᖹ ᩑǍ ႒ԉᵡ እॵ᪅ ᦥ✙ෝ ᵲᝍᮝಽ

ᗊ⪮ᩝ

ྙ⪵ᱢ šᱱᨱᕽ ᵲǎ ᱥ☖ ᵲ᮹᧞ ቭ௽ऽ ॵᯱᯙ᮹ ⩢ᝁ ᱥఖ ᩑǍ

᜽ᨱᛍᦩӹ

እƱᩑǍෝ ☖⦽ ᔩಽᬕ Ŗᮁ ᙺၶ ᕽእᜅ༉ߙ ᱽᦩ

᪶ᯱᖁ

5JL5PL ᯕᬊ࠺ʑa ᔍᬊᯱ ၡ₊ࠥᨱ ၙ⊹۵ ᩢ⨆

᫵a⩽

1FSDFJWFE "VUIFOUJDJUZ UISPVHI 4IPSU 7JEFP "VEJFODF 1FSDFQUJPOT PG &NFSHJOH *OEFQFOEFOU 'BTIJPO %FTJHOFST 4FMG 1SFTFOUBUJPOT

ᬊa⯆

⦽ǎŝ ᵲǎ᮹ እƱෝ ☖⦽ ྕᰆᧁ ḡ⦹℁ ᕽእᜅ᜽ᜅ▽ ᜽ӹญ᪅ ᱽᦩ

105

ᬊa⯆

ᜅษ✙ ᙹ໕ ᅕ᳑ᱽ⣩᮹ ᕽእᜅ ᜽ᜅ▽ እᷩ‫ܩ‬ᜅ ༉ߙ ᩑǍ

127

ᭉᯕᯕฑ

ࠥ᜽ Ŗᔾ᮹ ⍅စ‫ ❑ܩ‬Ŗeॵᯱᯙ ᔍಡ ᩑǍ ᄁᯕḶ ⬥☖ 㲑ㆻ ⍅စ‫❑ܩ‬ෝ ᵲᝍᮝಽ

141

ᰆᩝ

Õ⇶ྜྷ ❭ᔍऽᨱ ᯩᨕ ᙹḢ‫ॵ ⪵ך‬ᯱᯙ ᮁ⩶ᨱ š⦽ ᩑǍ

155

ᰆḡ❭

ᱽ⣩ ᔍᬊ Ğ⨹ ᫵ᗭ᪡ ḡᗮᱢ ᔍᬊ ᮹ࠥ᮹ šಉᖒ ᩑǍ ᱥ࠺⋌ᗵᮥ ᩑǍ‫ݡ‬ᔢᮝಽ

167

₉ᯕ₞

"*4"4 ༉ߙ ʑၹ᮹ ᵲǎ ᙰ⡝ TIPSU GPSN እॵ᪅ ŲŁ ᩑǍ

185

❱ᩭ‫ܩ‬

.6+* ॵCᯱᯙ᮹ ḡᗮa‫ ⦽܆‬ᔾ┽ᮖ⧊ᱢ ✚ᖒᨱ š⦽ ᩑǍ

199

⦹ᯝ⃽

ⲱࠥ⪵ 㛘㴇 Ⲳ ྙ᧲ᮥ ⪽ᬊ⦽ ▮ᜅ┡ᯝॵᯱᯙ ᩑǍ

217

ᬑญ

ḡᗮa‫ ⦽܆‬᳑Ğॵᯱᯙ }ֱᯕ ᱢᬊࡽ ࠥ᜽ᖁ⩶Ŗᬱᨱ š⦽ ᩑǍ

237

ᬑญ

‫⟝⌁ ⦺ݡ‬ᜅ ᳑Ğᨱ ᫙ᇡ Ŗe ⊽⪹Ğ ᯙ᷾ 4*5&4 ᮹ ᱢᬊ ᦥີญ⋙ ‫⦺ݡ‬Ʊ ǎᱽ ᕽእᜅ ⦺ᬱᮥ ᵲᝍᮝಽ

241

8BSN VQ 5PPMLJUT BOE UIF SJHIU 'PDVT *EFOUJGZJOH #BTJD 'BDJMJUBUJPO 5FDIOJRVFT GPS /PWJDF 'BDJMJUBUPST

247

❾ᨦᜅ☁ᨕ᮹ ᯙ░௺❑ቭ ᖅ⊹ ᩑǍ ᔢᨦ⩶ŝ ᳦⧊⩶ ❾ᨦᜅ☁ᨕŝ ᯙ░௺❑ቭ ᖅ⊹⦽ ྖᱥᨱ እƱ ᩑǍ

251

᪶ᩢ

ᵲǎ ໦ℎ ᯱɩᖒ 㯂㫲㉤ Õ⇶ ₥⪵ 㑉㨤 ෝ ᮲ᬊ⦽ ᯲⣩ ၰ ⩥‫⪵ྙ ݡ‬ᔢ⣩ ᩑǍ

259

᪶ᯱᖁ

Ṉᮡ ⓕพ ᩢᔢ TIPSU NPWJF DMJQ Ŗᮁ ⥭ఌ⡝ ᯕᬊ ࠺ʑ᪡ ᔍᬊᯱ ၡ₊ࠥᨱ š⦽ ᩑǍ 5JL5PL ᕽእᜅෝ ᵲᝍᮝಽ

263

ᮁḡӹ

ᵲᝍᨕෝ ☖⦽ Õ⇶ ⢽⦝ᨱ š⦽ ᖁ⧪ ᩑǍ ⩥‫ ݡ‬Õ⇶ ⢽⦝᮹ ᩎ⧁ ၰ ⬉ŝෝ ᵲᝍᮝಽ

267

ᱶԉᦥ

" 4UVEZ PO &YQFSJFODJOH $IJOFTF $VMUVSF 5ISPVHI 5JL5PL 'PDVTJOH PO $VMUVSBM &YDIBOHF JO UIF $07*% &SB GSPN UIF 1FSTQFDUJWF PG B 6TFS XJUI GPMMPXFST

275

₉⦽እ

ᕽእᜅॵᯱᯙᮥ ☖⦽ ‫ ⦺ݡ‬ᝁ᯦ᔾ ᱢ᮲ ᕽእᜅ }ၽ ႊ⨆

285

⫊‵్

3F EFTJHOJOH $IJOFTF 5SBEJUJPOBM #PBSE (BNF ⲱ%PV 4IPV 2JⲲ

289

ʡᮡḥ

ษᯝၶ

⦺֥ࠥ ⬥ʑ ⦺᭥ℎǍ‫ ྙם‬໦݉

304

"TJB %FTJHO "SDIJWF ⦺֥ࠥ ⦺ʑ ࠺ᕽ‫⦺ݡ‬Ʊ ᯝၹ‫⦺ݡ‬ᬱ ॵᯱᯙ⦺ŝ

⦺ᚁḡ íᰍ‫ྙם‬ ⦽ǎ⎹▱⊁⦺⫭ ⦽ǎ⎹▱⊁⦺⫭‫ྙם‬ḡ ǭ ⪙ ᄥᘥ

ᩎᔍⰒྙ⪵Ñญ Ğš᮹ ŖŖॵᯱᯙ ⠪aḡ⢽ᨱ š⦽ ᩑǍ vၶ ⪮šᖁ Ʊᝁᱡᯱ ࠺ᕽ‫⦺ݡ‬Ʊ ᯝၹ‫⦺ݡ‬ᬱ ॵᯱᯙ⦺ŝ

-772 4VMRX -772 3RPMRI

䯝⏮䗙䟑䒡䯚䴍⟽ㆹ䁁㺝 ␍ 㺝䲹㍅㡅

⟽ㆹ ⟅ 㵕 LXXTW HSM SVK ./'%

㱱㜰zㆼ䳘⋴〰 ⍁⎄㷜 ⍹⍹⮘㸔㷼䩍⊄䁄䫠㱔 ⎄䯠㱴⏰ % 7XYH] SR XLI )ZEPYEXMSR -RHI\ SJ 4YFPMG (IWMKR SJ ,MWXSVMGEP ERH 'YPXYVEP 7XVIIXWGETI ⊙㊙䳑⎄㞤

⩚㞝⦁䯚⏑ 㷽㊙⦁䯚㵑 ⮕㸑㷹䯚⍽

.MERK &S $UU GSQ /[ER 7ISR ,SRK GMKELOW$REZIV GSQ

㜭⥩ ㌖㷹

䯝 ⏮ 䗙䟑䒡䯚䴍

LXXTW HSM SVK ./'%

㱱㜰zㆼ䳘⋴〰 ⍁⎄㷜 ⍹⍹⮘㸔㷼䩍⊄䁄䫠㱔 ⎄䯠㱴⏰ % 7XYH] SR XLI )ZEPYEXMSR -RHI\ SJ 4YFPMG (IWMKR SJ ,MWXSVMGEP ERH 'YPXYVEP 7XVIIXWGETI ⊙㊙䳑⎄㞤

⩚㞝⦁䯚⏑ 㷽㊙⦁䯚㵑 ⮕㸑㷹䯚⍽

.MERK &S $UU GSQ /[ER 7ISR ,SRK GMKELOW$REZIV GSQ 㴘㰁䏝⑽ ㄈ ⟅ ⩚㯉 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㱵䬎㷵㐉ヵ㞝㺖㐁㳁䁁㊪㸑䓙 ⥩䌵⿽ 㾒㥭㶽⻝ ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㱑 ⦁䯝㱱⏭⊁ 䳝㊝䯵䁁⒱ 㥝㸒䯙㲁⥥ 㺖㐁㳁 ⊂ 䁁㊪㸑䓙 ⥩䌵㷙 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㾁䓚⍽ ⎁⺩⪝ 㱱⏭⿽ 䠶䯵㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁㷵 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㐅㯽㱑䩭䯩⪙⤕ ⌄㶽⻝ ✙䝁✭㶽✙ 㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㱑 ⦁䯝ㄆ䳖䯝䩊⊁䁁䫝⤕ 㺝㥝䯙䁁 ㄼ䯙㲁⥥ 㷵㳁 ⊚㷁㊱⌾ 䯙㱑㍹㱱⏭㱑㞝⤕ 㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁㷙 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㱑 ⦁䯝䩊⊁䁁䫝⿽ 㺝㸒䯙㱭䰦䵅㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭㷙 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹䰦㝂⍽ ⊝㞡㷅㶅䯝 ⒱䎉㺂㸑⽍⿽ 㺝⍶䯙⍡㸑䯝⥥ 䌬䁹㍹㱱 ⏭⤕ 㞡䰊㱱⏭⿽ ㊕䝖㶽⻝ ⫑ 䊩⻁㱑 ⋹䓝㺅ㆹ⊁ ⧹䦍㷵㻱㜭⿽ 㥥㥝䯙㱭 ⊝㷙䩊⊁䁁䫝㳁 ⊝㷙㞹㐁䯮ㄪ㷅 ⩅䐝䯙㲁⥥ ⫙䁹䩊⊁䁁䫝㷙䝁⥺㞲⍽ 䁁䫝䯮ㄪ㷙㴱㞡㢝㶅⿽ ⌁䀞䯙⒱ 㶅䯵㞥ㆹ㻱㜭⿽ 䠶䯵䝑㝊㺂㷹㸑㐅㞞⍽ %,4 㐅㞞㷅䁅䰊䯙㲁⍡ 㐅㞞 ⌱⍽ 'VSRFEGL ʒ ⍅㢙㳁㷽⎁㞲㓅㶩 'SRWMWXIRG] 6EXMS 㷙 ⌁䀞㷅䠶⍽䯙㲁⥥ 㷵㝂㷙㊪㌖㷅䠶䯵 ⊞⎁㺂㷹㶽⻝ ⩅䐝䯝䩊⊁䁁䫝㾒㴱㞡㢝㶅⤕ ‫ޙ‬㱮㜭ㆹ䳕 ⎁⺩摷⍶⍶ ⎁⺩摷㯉㺅 ⎁⺩摷㺒⑽㞲 ⎁⺩摷䁁㠎㺂 ⎁⺩摷㉹⎁ 㻱䳕 ⎁⺩‫ޚ‬㷵㱉⥥ ㍹㱱⏭ ⌱⍽⤕ 䰦䵅㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭㷙 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹䰦㝂㊐ ⊝㞡㱑 ⒱䎉㺂㷹㸑⽍⿽ 㺝⍶䯡㢙㸉⥥⤕ 㺑㱑㞝㷙㷙⊁ 㸉⥥⍡ 䦑⥩⪝⥥ ࣜ 㾕㥰㰸 㱱㜰zㆼ䳘⋴〰 ⍁⎄⍹⍹⮘㸔㷼䩍⊄䁄䫠⧼䦐㷸%,4

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ʓ GSIJJMGMIRX ERH XLI GSRWMWXIRG] VEXMS [IVI ZIVMJMIH %QSRK XLI IZEPYEXMSR MRHMGEXSVW SFNIGXMZIP] HIVMZIH XLVSYKL XLI EFSZI QIXLSH XLI TVMSVMX] [EW LMWXSVMGEP ERH GYPXYVI VIPEXIH" TYFPMG VIPEXIH" WEJIX] VIPEXIH" EGGIWWMFMPMX] VIPEXIH" PEWXMRK VIPEXIH" VIPEXIH XS EIWXLIXMG LEVQSR] 8LI VIWYPXW SJ XLMW WXYH] EVI QIERMRKJYP MR XLEX XLI] GER TVSZMHI FEWMG HEXE JSV XLI MQTVSZIQIRX ERH MQTVSZIQIRX SJ TYFPMG HIWMKR SJ LMWXSVMGEP ERH GYPXYVEP WXVIIXW MR XLI JYXYVI ࣜ OI][SVH ,MWXSVMGEP 'YPXYVEP 7XVIIX 7GIRIV]4YFPMG (IWMKR)ZEPYEXMSR -RHMGEXSVW(IPTLM%,4

㺕㢜㸀㸔 ⟈ 㵘㸀㢜㺙㸀㸔 ⟈ 㵘㸀

㥰㜰㳈⽐㸀 ⟈ 㵘㸀 ⏔㥤㺄㸔䳑⎄㞤 I QEMP GMKELOW$REZIV GSQ

ᦥ᜽ᦥॵᯱᯙ ᦥ⋕ᯕቭ

㱱㜰zㆼ䳘⋴〰 ⍁⎄㷜 ⍹⍹⮘㸔㷼䩍⊄䁄䫠㱔 ⎄䯠㱴⏰

- 㞠⻤㱴⏰ ㊴⍁ ㊓ㄭ㺅 ⟅⦁ 䵅㊙㐁䞱⤕ 㞹⍅㺂㷹 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㱵䬎㱑 ⮱ⷽ 㺖㐁㳁䁁㊪㸑䓙 ⥩䌵⿽ 㾒㥭㶽⻝ ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㺖䋆㷵䳝㊝三㥝䰊⪙⍡ 㸉⥥ 㷵䵅 ⟅ 㵕䯚⍅㱑㞝⤕ 䯝⏮⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹䯚䴍⊁ 䐝㌕䯙㲁⍡ ⟅ 㵕 ⏮䴍㱑㞝⤕ ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㱑 ⎁䯝㌖⿡㯉㷵㊝㷙⪙㱉⥥ ⟅ ㍹〉㺂㷹䰊㺖㷙㴪㰵⻝ ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷵 ⭲㸦䯙ヵ㞝㾒㯚㺖㐁⿽ 㓅⻰䯝䁁㊪㸑䓙 ⥩䌵㱑㞝⩅ ⍶⍶⮕ 㸑㷹㷅䁁㱮㞲㸦㷅㶅䯝䗙䟑䒡⻝䳝㴪䯙⒱ 㥝㸒䯙㲁 ⥥ ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷙䁅䷦㱑 ⎁䯝㌖⿡㷁 ⟅ 㵕㷽㐁䞱㥝䰊⪙㱉⥥ ⑹ ㄪ㺂㷁㌖⑝⿽ 䠶䯵 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷙 ㆹ䳕 ⍶⍶㞲⍽ 㥭㉹㞲䰦㝂㱑䯅㴕䯝㜭䯮⍽ ⏮⊁ ㊐䁁㱮㷙 ㆹ䳕㺂㺖䌵㞲㷅㺝⍡䯙⍡ ⏮㉽㷙 ㆹ䳕䰦㶡␍ 㷅䳖⦁㥝䜥⤕ ⧱ 㸉⥥? A ओ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㐅㯽㱑㞝㱮㜭z ㆹ䳕⋱〭⤕ ⩅㥝㷙㾒㴕䯝 ⍶⍶ ㆹ䳕⍶⊅㶽⻝㞝 ⩅㥝㷙㱮㜭zㆹ䳕㞲㷅㐁㱭䯙⤕ 㾒㴕䯝㸦㠍㷵⥥ ⲑ䯝䁁㱮䳝㞲䳕㳁 ⩅㥝㷵㉹䁁䰦㝂㱑㾒㴕䯝㱮䯡㷅䯡㙑㯅⥉ⷽ 㷽㝂㝞䳝㱑㞝䳝㴪⩅⊁ づ㴱 ⠓㷁 ⍶⍶⍶⊅㷵 ⥥ 㷵㱑 ⮱ⷽ 㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁㷙 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷁䁁

㶽⻝ ‫ޙ‬䝉てⷾ㞲‫ޙ ޚ‬䠶䯪㞲㷙 ⌱㱭‫ޙ ޚ‬䊩㍅㞲㷙 ⌱㱭‫⽍⎁ޙ ޚ‬ 㞲‫⭲ ޚ‬㷅 ▾㯙⥥? A ⑹〭䯙㱭ओ㷵⹭䯝㲂䰦㷅 ⊁㸦く㷵㊜⤕ ⌄㷵 ⊁⻝ ⍶⊅㱑㞝㷵⽩㰵䁁⤕ ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷵⥥ ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷁 ⦁ 㐁㐅 ⍶⍶㷙㲂㱮㷅 ⦁㝂㶽⻝䯙⒱ ⯍ㆹ㱑 ⊁⻝⤕ 㸑㱱㤥⹾⌍ ⑹ 㲂䰦㷅 ⊁㸦く㷵㊜⤕ ⍶⊅㷵 ⪝⥥? A ⲑ䯝㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁㷁䁁㱮㷙 ㆹ䳕㺂㊱⌾㷅㊙㲂䯙㱭䁁㱮㷙㺖䌵㞲㷅 ⏭䲅䯙⤕ 㾒㴕䯝 ⍶⍶⍶⊅㶽⻝䳝㴪 ⪝⥥ 㺖㐁㳁 ⊂ 䁁㸑䌵㱑㞝㢙〾䯝 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹 ⊁㷵⭝ ⷽ㷹㱑⤕ 㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁㱑 ⦁䯝䩊⊁䁁䫝⊁ 㐁㻲䯙⒱㱑㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁㱑 ⦁䯝 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹䩊⊁䁁䫝 ⊝㊝㷙䯅㴕㞲㷵㺝⒱⪝⥥ ⑹〭䯙㱭㍹㱱⏭㷙ㄪ㺂㷁㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁㱑 ⦁ 䯝 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹䩊⊁䁁䫝⿽ ⊝㊝䯙⤕ ⌄㷵ヱ䁁㱮 ㆹ䳕 ⿽ 䳝㞲䳕䯙⍡ 㽽㉽㷙㝞䳝䳙⌾㷅 ⊝㞡䯙⤕ 䯝䨹䁁㱮㷙㱮㜭zㆹ䳕㺖䌵㞲㷅 ⊖䳕䯙㱭䰦䵅㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁㷙 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹䰦㝂⍽ ⊝㞡㷅㶅䯝 ⒱䎉㸑⽍⿽ 㺝 ⍶䯙⍡㸑䯝⥥

㱴⏰ ㊭㌙㊓㌘㶈㍹㱱⏭⤕ 㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁㷙 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷅㽽㴕

㱮 ㆹ䳕⿽ ⊖䳕䯙⍡ 䁁㱮 ⊅㷙 ⌾㹂⺦㷅 ⠓㷽㢙㸉⥥

㱱⏭ ⦁㝂㶽⻝䯝⥥ 㱱⏭ ✵㴪㷁㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁

⤕ 㺑㱑㞝㷙㉹⊁ 㸉⥥ 㯅㴹⹭ 㽽㉽⭥⩅ 㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱

㷙 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹䩊⊁䁁䫝 ⊝㊝㷵ヱ ⥩⍅㺂㷹㱱⏭⿽ 䁅

〭 ⌾⎁ 㷵㉹䁁㷙㺝⍡⿽ 䠶䯵㝞䳝䳙⌾ 㻱㞲⍽ 䁁㱮

䰊䯙⒱ 㶅䯝㱱⏭ ㊪㌖㷁 ⥥㷍⍽ ⊚⥥

ㆹ䳕㷙㺖䌵㞲㊐㸑⒎㥭㷅 ⠓㷽㢙㸉⥥

䌬䁹 ㆹ䱍㻱㜭㳁㞡䰊㱱⏭⿽ 䠶䯵 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷙 ⊝

⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㜭㱆㷁㺖㐁㳁䁁㊪㸑䓙 ⥩䌵⿽ 㾒㥭㶽

⟑⍽ 㶡䲖㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁㷙 ⊝⟑㷅䦍㯆䯙㱭㱮

⻝䳝㊝䯙⌍ 㥝䰊⪙⍡ 㸉⥥ 䯙䁁き䯝䨹㶽⻝⤕ ⍶⍶⮕

㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁⍽ ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷙㱱⎁㞲㷅㱱⏭䯝⥥

㸑㷹㷙㊝㺅㱮㜭⊁ 䁨㯅 ⊂ 䁁㸑䌵 ⊅㱑䎊㊖䯙⌍ ⍶

⫙䁹䁁㊪㸑䓙 ⥩䌵㷙 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㱑 ⦁䯝 ⊁㷵⭝ⷽ

⍶⮕㸑㷹㷙 ⊁㷵⭝ⷽ㷹㷅㢙〾䯙⍡ 䐕䁅䯙⥥ ㍵⥉ 䁁

㷹⍽ 㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁ 䩊⊁㱑 ⎁䯝㞡䰊㱱⏭⿽ 㐅㞞

㱮㍅⻝ ⩚㷽䯝 ⒱㾁㷵㱇㰵㲥三⺥䲽㞡㷵㓛㰵䁁⤕ 䲅

㊐㺖〭䯝⥥ ⑹〭䯙㱭 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹⍽ 㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾

㝂㷵㊝㝞䯙⍡ 㸉⥥ ⲑ䯝 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㜭㱆㷁㽽⻝ ⍶

⎁ 䩊⊁㱑 ⎁䯝䤺㞲㷅䦍㯆䯙⍡ ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷙䤺㞲㷅

⍶⒱⎁⍽ ⍶⍶㺖䋆㷵㽽⩅䯙㱭㷽㊙㺂㷹䰊㺖䌙〭㱑き

㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁㷙䤺㞲⍽ 㱱⍅ 㐅㞞䯙㱭㱮㜭zㆹ䳕

⏮䯝⪙㱉⍡ ⑹ ⌱⍽ ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷙䁁㠎㺂㷹㶡䁁㱑䯅

⋱〭 ⌾⎁㱑㺂㴪䯡㢙㸉⤕ ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹䩊⊁䁁䫝⿽ ⩅

㴕䯝 ⥥㰒䯝㐅㯽㱑 ⦁䯝㥭䒶㺂㷹㷵䯵⊁ 㐁㻲䯝㥥㺖

䐝䯝⥥

㷵⥥ 㺖⊖䳕 ⤕ ⍶㺂⮕㸑㷹㷙㲂㱮㷹 ⍶⍶⮕㸑

㟌䁹䩊⊁䁁䫝㷙 ⊞⎁㞲㷅 ⌁䀞䯙⒱ 㶅䯵 ⧹䦍㷵

㷹㷵㥝㉽⭥㷙䑩䰦⍽ ㍅⊝⻝ ⍶ㆵ㵑㱑㷙䯵䰊㺖㺂㶽

(IPTLM ⒱㌖㷅䳝㴪䯙㱭㺅ㆹ⊁ 㻱㜭⿽ 䁅䰊䯝⥥

⻝㞡䝞⪙㰵㳕⒱ ⯍ㆹ㱑㥝㉽⭥㷙㷙㜭㳁⤕ 㝂⎁㱇⤕

䊩㻱㜭⤕ 䩑㡅䲖䁉ㆹ㷅䠶䯵㺅ㆹ⊁㷙㷙⌭㷅䑩䯪䯙

⮕㸑㷹㷅㊜㯅⭥㱭㯽䯝⥥⤕ ㆹ㺝⿽ 䁁㺂䯙㲁㶽ヱ? A

⍡ 䊩㻱㜭 ✵㴪㷁䊩㺅ㆹ⊁ 㞥ㆹ㻱㜭 ✵㴪㷅㢙㺖

㻱ㄆ⸙ ⤕ ⏮✵ ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷵㯉⍡ 㸉⤕ ㆹ㺝㺑

䯙㱭㷙⌭㷅㢙⺵䯝 ⬥ 㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁㱑 ⦁䯝 ⍶

䯠⏱䗜䟔䒤䯝䴐⠀ㆼ䁄 :SP 2S

⍶⮕㸑㷹䩊⊁䁁䫝㳁㞹㐁䯮ㄪ㷅 ⩅䐝䯝⥥ 䩊⊁䁁䫝

⥥⍡ 䯙㲁⥥? A ␍㢙䲅㷁 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷁 ⮕㸑㷹

㷙㺂䯪㞲䳖㷹㷅㶅䯵䝑㝊㺂㴕㷹㐅㞞 I\TPSVEXSV]

㷅䠶䯝 ⏮㉽㜷㷙䁉䰦㝂㷅㶅䯵 ⏮⊁⒱⎁㷵㽽䌵⊁

JEGXSV EREP]WMW 㷅䁅䰊䯝⥥ 㯅㴹⹭ ⍅䒶㺂㷙㜭⌱㺖

⪙㰵㜭䴍⏭㞲㵑⭥㷵䰊㍶䯝㜷⍽ 䁁㱮ㆹ䳕㳁 ⎁⺩⪝

㊪㌖%,4 %REP]XMG ,MIVEVGL] 4VSGIWW 㷅㷵㴪䯙㱭

䌵䱙㷅䯡㢙㸉⩅⻞ ⥥㰒䯝㜭䴍ㆹ䳕㺂 ⊁䓙㳁㴕⏭⿽

㦎⦁㓅⏑⿽ 䠶䯵㞝㴕㷹 ⊅ 㾒㴕⩅㳁㴱㞡㢝㶅⿽ ⌁䀞

㥥䲅䯵㯽䯝⥥⍡ 䯙㲁⥥? A 㷵⿽ 䠶䯵 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷁

䯙⍡ 䩊⊁䁁䫝⿽ ⊝㊝䯝⥥

⍶㾒㲂㱮㷅䠶䯵 ⦁㾒㷅㶅䯝 ⮕㸑㷹㷅䯙⤕ ⌄㷵ヱ ⍶⍶㷙㷵㷶㷅㺅㺝⻝䯙㱭 ⩅㥝㷙㷵㉹䁁㳁䁁㱮 ㆹ䳕㱑 ⦁䯝㽽㉽㷙㺖䌵㞲㱑㲂䰦㷅㉹䓙⌍ ⪝⥥⤕ ⌄㷅

ߏ 㷸⻤㺅 ⍤䊴

㯍㢙㸉⥥

⍹⍹⮘㸔㷼㱔 ⎄䯠 ⍤䊴

⻝䯙⤕ ⍶⍶㥝㞥z⍶⍶ ⍶⊅z⍶⍶⋵ㆽ㷙 ⊁䁁㲂㱮㱑⤕

⍹⍹⮘㸔㷼㷜 ⊠⟔

⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷙 ⊝⟑⍽ 㓅⏑䯙ヵ ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷅 ⦁㝂㶽䛱䊩㷵⊁ 㱇㶽ヱ㺅䌵㺂㷹 ⊝⟑⩅⤕ ?⑹〽 A⍽ ⊚⥥

⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷙㜭㺅㺂㷙㉹⤕ ‫ޙ‬⍶⍶⍶⊅㷙㱭⹭ 㸦㓅㳁㸦䓙⿽ ㍵⥥ 䯪〭㺂㶽⻝ ☹㉹⤕ 㷽‫ޚ‬㷵ヱ ㆹㄆ㷙㊝ ⥭⍽ 䯩╙ ⩅㥝䳕⊁ 䁅䰊⪙⍡ ⒱⤦㷵䯝䒶㐅䳕⪝ 㜭䴍⊁ ㊝㝞⪙ヵ㞝 ⍶⍶⍶⊅㷅㯅々⥶⍡ 䘍㺂䯙⌍ き⭥ ⒱ 㶅䯵 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹⊝⟑㷵㝞⌽⥥⍡ 㞥ㄆ䯝⥥? A ⟅ ⭥㰵㞝⤕ ⥺㥝 ⏮䴍 ㆹ䳕⎁⎒㶅㵑䴍㠍㠎㊖䊭㢚㷙㵑㷵䰊㺖㐁㳁䁁㊪㸑䓙 ⥩䌵⊁ 㽽⩅䯙㱭 ⍶㺂㲂 〉㷅 ㆹ䳕㺂㶽⻝䬉〉䳕䯡㢙㸉⤕ ㊪㯉㶽⻝ ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷅 ⩅㸆䯙㱭䳝㴪䯡 ⌄㷅㽽㸦䰉⍡ ㌖㺂 ⒱㊙㷵 ‫ޙ‬⍶ ⍶⮕㸑㷹㱑 ⎁䯝㌖⿡㯉‫ޚ‬㷙㊝㷙䐕䁅㷅㥝⩅䯙㲁⥥? A 㷵⿽ ㊕䝖㶽⻝ ⍶⍶㜭㱆㷵㊝㺅䯩㱑 ⮱ⷽ ⟅ 㵕㐁䞱 ‫ޙ‬⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷙䁅䷦㱑 ⎁䯝㌖⿡‫ޚ‬㷵㥝䰊⪙㱉⥥ 䏝㞲䲹 ⤕ ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷵㌖㺝䳕⪙㰵 ⟅ 㵕㐁䞱 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹䁅䷦㱑 ⎁䯝㌖⿡㷵㥝䰊⪙㱉㶽✙ 㺝⩅㺂㺒⑽㷅㶅䯝㾁㓅㳁㥝㤥䟝 ⏭䐖㷅㶅䯝㺖㓅 ⭲㶽⻝㥥䁉㺂䁅䷦㷁㷵⽩㰵䁁䁁 ㄼ䰉⥥⍡ 䯙㲁⥥? A 㻱⥥⥥ ⤕ ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷁 ➔㷁㷙㉹㱑㞝 ⍶⍶㞲䤺䁖㷅 ⏭㓅䯙⤕ ㄩ⭡ 㐅㯽㷙 ⮕㸑㷹㷅䩭䯩䯝⥥⍡ 䯙㲁⥥ 㷽㊙㺂㶽⻝ ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷁 ⩅㥝㷙 ⍶⍶⍶⊅ ⋵䐖㥝㞥づ䌵㺖㍵ ⭲ ⮕㸑㷹㷅 ⊁〭䜥⍡ 㷽㺖䯝㥭㉹㞲 བྷ᪐Ⴋ ⒱⤦㞲 ⭲㷅き㻲㥝䜥ヱ ⏮㉽㷙 ⥥㰒䯝㜭䴍 ㆹ䳕 ⋵㞥⍽ 㴵㲂㊐ ⎁〭㴕⏭㱑㐁䯪⪙⤕ ⮕㸑㷹㷅け䯝⥥? A Ⓛ㺖䵅 ⤕ ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷙 ⊁㸦㾒㴕䯝䯶㥭⊝⟑㷁㐉䤺㺖㷽㊙㷹⭥㷅㶅䯝 ⮕㸑㷹䀊 ⍶⍶㞲㱑 ⑹ ㄪ䫝⊁ 㸉㷍㱑⩅ 㐉⏭䯙⍡ ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷁 ⯍⻝⤕ 䲖䝝㺂㉹䯚き㷅䐕⏭䯙⤕ ⌾䰦㶽⻝㷹䯙㱭 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㍹㱱㷙ㄪ㺂㷹 ⍶⍶㞲㷙 ⏭䲅㷅 ⊅⍽䯙⤕ ⌾䰦㷵㸉

⑼぀ ⍹⍹⮘㸔㷼㲅㱱㷜 ⊠⟔? A

⍹⍹⮘㸔㷼㷜㶤䲙⎀ ⦄㝅 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷙㲂㱮㷁 ⩅㥝⍶⊅ 㾒 ⍶㾒㲂㱮㷅 ⦁㝂㶽⻝ ⩅㥝⍶⊅㷙 ⍶⍶⍶⊅㳁 ⩅㥝⌾⎁㶽⻝ ⏭㞲⪙ヱ ⑹ 㾒㱑㞝⩅ ⍶⍶⋵䐖ㆽ ⍶⍶㥝㞥ㆽ ⍶⍶㥝⊂づ䌵 ⎒ ⍡ㆽ ⭲㶽⻝ ⏭㞲⪝⥥? A ⟅ 䯝⏮⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹䯚䴍⤕ ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㲂㱮㷙㐅⿙㱑 ⦁䯵 ⍶⊅z㥝㞥z㺖䋆z ㌖⑝㷙 ⦁㐅⿙⿽ 㾒㺑㺂㶽⻝㠍⊝䯙㲁⥥ 㷵⹭䯝㐅⿙ ⤕ 㷵䵅㞝㴹㥝 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹 ⊁㷵⭝ⷽ㷹㶽⻝ ⏭㞲⪝ 㐅⿙䌵⍅㷙䠡⦁⊁ ⪙㱉⍡ ⑹ ⌱⍽ ⊂ 䁁㊪㸑䓙 ⥩䌵㷙 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹 ⊁㷵⭝ⷽ㷹㷙 ⑽⋱⊁ ⪙㱉⥥ ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷙㲂㱮㷅㍵⌍ ⪙ヵ ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷵䩭䯩䯙⍡ 㸉⤕ 㲂㱮⍽ 㶡䲖㷁づ㴱 ⎒㌕㶅䯙⥥⤕ ⌄㷅㯍㢙㸉⥥ 㓅⻞㱱⏭㸑✙ 㱱⏭⒱⎁㱑 ⮱ⷽ ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㱑 ⦁䯝㱱⏭ ⌱⍽⤕ 㻱⒉㮪䊩㷵⊁ 㻵㸭䯙㲁䁁き ⦁䌵⻝㓅㤸䯝㶡䲖㷅㍵㲁⥥ ⑹ 㷵㶡⤕ ㍹㱱⏭㱑㞝㷙㱱⏭ ⦁㝂㷁㥥㺝㷙 ㆽ〭㺂㷹 ⦁㝂㶽⻝䯝㺖䯙㱭 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷙䩊⊁⦁㝂㷵 ⪙㰵㯽䯙⒱ ⯍ㆹ㷵⥥ ⮱ⷽ㞝 ⍶⍶⮕ 㸑㷹⍽ ⎁⺩⪝ 㶡䲖⍽ ⦁㝂㷁㯅⸙ ?䫝 A⍽ ⊚㷵 ⍶⍶

ᦥ᜽ᦥॵᯱᯙ ᦥ⋕ᯕቭ

㱱㜰zㆼ䳘⋴〰 ⍁⎄㷜 ⍹⍹⮘㸔㷼䩍⊄䁄䫠㱔 ⎄䯠㱴⏰

⋵䐖ㆽ ⍶⍶⍶⊅ ⍶⍶㥝㞥ㆽ ⍶⍶づ䌵㷙 ⊁䁁⻝㐅

㱭䯩㶽⻝㧩づ⺦㺂㷹 ⩅㥝䳙⌾㷅 ⏭䲅䯙⤕ ⧱ 㾒㴕䯝

⿙⪝⥥

㴕㠍⊁ ⪝⥥ ㄩ⭡ 㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⊁⻝ ⌾⎁⊁ ㆹ䳕㺂 ⊁䓙 ⿽ ⊗⤕ ⌄㷵㯅⥉ⷽ 㺅䌵㺂㷹㷵㉹䁁⿽ 䠶䯵㱮㜭 ㆹ

䫠 ⍹⍹⮘㸔㷼㶤䲙⎀ ⦄㝅? A ⦄㐈⿜ ⋸䐙㇀

㾕㐈⿜

⍹⍹⋸䐙

⍹⍹⍹⊈ ⍹⊈䳜⍁

㠐㐈⿜

⊄⻠⍹⊈ ⍹⍹⍹䁄

⍹⍹㥠㞨㇀㺙㍸㺈⥰と䌸

⍹⍹㥠⊅と䌸㲩㳼⎕⍤㇀

㾀㴘㥠㞨㊓ ⦄㝅

⎄⍹㞠 ⩈㞠⎄ ㉼㢤⎄ ⭵ ⩈⻠㳄㷼⩈ ㍸䰍⊄⻠㸔㺈⋴ ⩈⻠ ⭵ ⍹㵔 ⎕㸩 ⍹⊠⍹䁄 ⭵ ⏔⹍ ⥨〰 ⊄⻠㥠㞨㴴䌸䠹㌈㤨㺙⿜㸩 ⭵

⥥ 㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁㷙㽽㴕䤺䁖㷁 ⊁⻝㷙䯶㥭㍵

㯌✸䫠㥠㌈㤨⟼㞤㯌✸⩈ ⭵

㢙㸉㰵㷵䁁㱮㷙㱮㜭㳁 ㆹ䳕㱑㞝㾒㴕䯝 ⊁䓙⿽ ⊁

⊈䦔 ⎕⍤㇀㺈⎕䦔

䁅⥥ ⮱ⷽ㞝㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⊁⻝⤕ ⩅㥝㷙㱮㜭㺂㷹䐖㠍䦑

㱱㜰zㆼ䳘⋴〰 ⍁⎄㱔 ⎄䯠 ⍤䊴㱱㜰zㆼ䳘⋴〰 ⍁⎄㷜 ⊠⟔ ⟅ 㯅䟍➥㱑㞝㱵〱 ⏮㺝䲅⦁ ⋵䐖⦁䴍㱑㞝㱮㜭 ㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⷽ⤕ ⥩ 㰵⊁ 䌙㷍 ✙㳕⥥ 㷵䵅 ⟅ ⍶䩭⪝ छ㵍㥲䞵䱍㸦ज -'3137 ',%68)6 㱑㞝⤕ 㱮㜭㺂 ⋱〭㷙㺖㷙⿽ ⩅㥝㷙㺅䠶ㆹ䳕㷙㱱㠎㷵ⷽ⍡ 㼁 ⧕ ㄆ䳖三䰉⥥ 㱮㜭⋱〭㱑⤕ 䛱 ⍶⊅㷵 ✩㯅㸉⤕ 㺑 ⊚㷁㱮㜭 ⋵䐖ㆽ㷵㯅⥍ 㺅䌵㞲㷵㸉⤕ 㱮㜭zㆹ䳕䌵 ⍅⊁ 㸉㰵㯽䯝⥥⍡ 㺝㯉䰉⥥ 㱮㜭㝂䁖㺂 ⋵䐖ㆽ㷵䬎㐁䯵㓅⏑㺂㳅㺅䯝㱮㜭㺅䠶⍽ ㄩ㤶㷅 ⊁䁁⍡ 㸉㶽ヱ㷽㺖䯝䛭⒱㷙 ⑝ㄩ⊁ 㸉㰵㯽䯝⥥ ㆹㆽ ㍵䲹㌖" 'YPXYVEP 4VSXIGXMSR %GX 㱑 ⮱⿵ヵ㌖㺖㍵䲹⏭ 㱮㶽⻝ ⑝㺖䯙ヱ䯚㢡㝂㶽⻝⤕ 㱮㜭䁁㺑㷵ⷽ⍡ 䯝⥥ 㷵⤕ 㱮㜭 ㆹ䳕 ⩅㥝⿽ ⦁䫝䯙⤕ 䯶㥭㐁㐅㷵ヱ㱮㜭z ㆹ䳕⊁⻝㷙㍵䲹㱮㜭㷙㻵㾒 ㆹㄆ㸭䲅㷅㶅䯝 ⌄㷵 ⥥? A ⌾⎁ ዣᵜ 0ERHWGETI 㷁㲂㰵 0ERHWGETI㱑㞝䦍㝞⪝ ⥩㰵⻝ ‫ޙ‬0ERHWGETI‫⥩ ⤕ⷽޚ‬㰵⤕ 㞹⒱ 䎉㐁䞱㜭㴪⪙⒱ 㥝㸒䯝 ⌄㶽⻝㯍⺥㺹㸉⥥? A ⌾⎁㷁㸑㱱㷵✙ 䁁㱮㷙䬎⌾ 㷹⊅㷙䳝⩚㷵 ⒱䵅䁁䲖䠡㰒 ⭲㷙㸑㱱㴕㠍㱑㸒㴪䯙㱭䲖㞲⪙⤕ 䁁㱮㷙䠶㷽⪝ 䤺㞲㷵ヱ ⋱〭 ⌾⎁㷁 ⋱〭㷙㸑㱱⌾⎁⍽ ㆹ䳕⌾⎁㷅䩭䯩䯝⥥ 䤺三㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭㷙 ⌾⎁㷁㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭㷙 ⍶⊅㱑㞝䨽䍑䁁⤕ 䬎⌾㷅け䯙⒱㱑 ⋱〭 ⌾⎁㷙 ⊝⟑ 㷁ソ㺁 ⢉㱑㍵㷵⤕ ⋱〭㷙䬎⌾㷅㷙㉹䯙ヱ ⥥㷍㶽⻝ ⋱〭䬎⌾ 㯉㱑 ✵㸭⪝ 㸑㱱㝞䝝⍅㷙㱮䯡⍽ 㷹⊅ 㷙䳝⩚ ⭲⍽ ⎁⺩⪝ 㷙㉹⿽ け䯝⥥ 㱮㜭㺂㷹㷙㉹⿽ 䁁⥍ ⋱〭 ⌾⎁㷁㥝㉽⭥㷵㱮㜭⿽ 㷵䯵䯙⍡ ⩚㥝⦁㷙 ㆹ䳕䗕⭝⿽ 䌵䱙䯙⤕ ⧱ ⩅㵁㷵 ⪝⥥ 㷵⹭䯝㱮㜭 ㆹ 䳕㺂㴕㠍⿽ 䠶䯵䁁㱮㷙 ⩆〾⪝ 㷵㉹䁁㳁㺖䌵㞲㷅㐁

䳕㺂 ⊁䓙㳁䤺㺖㱮㜭㺂㥝⒱㷙 ⩅㥝㺂ㄩ㤶㷅䫝䲅䯝䲹㌕㶅⊁ ㆹ䳕㸭㷙 ⍡㺂⍽ 㱮㜭 ⋵䐖ㆽ ⑹〭⍡ 㷽㊙㺂㷹㺅䠶㯾㥞 ⋵䐖㱑䩭䯩⪙㰵㸉⥥⤕ ⌄㷵⥥ ⲑ䯝 ⩅㥝㷙䤺㺖㥝⒱ 䤺㺖㉽㻲㷙 ⴝ⺸䯝䤺䁖㷅㊙㲂䯡

㷵ヱ㱮㜭 ㆹ䳕㺂㶽⻝ ⠓㷁 ⊁䓙⿽ 䁁⥉⤕ 䁁㱮 ㆹ䳕㶡㜱㷙㷽㐁㐅㷵⥥ 㷵⤕ 䯝 ⩅㥝㷙㷵㉹䁁㳁 ⩅㥝㷙㱮㜭 ㆹ䳕㺂㷹㐅㶅⒱⿽ 䰦㝂㥝䜭㙑き㯅⥉ⷽ ⥥㰒䯝 ⩅㥝ㆹ䳕䌵䱙 ⍶⊅㷅㺝⍶䯝⥥

㱱㜰zㆼ䳘⋴〰 ⍁⎄㷜 ⏰㞵㴘㠐㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭㷙 ⌾⎁㷁 ⑹ 䤺㞲㱑 ⮱ⷽ ㆽ〭㺂 ⌾⎁ ⍽ 㓅 ㆽ〭㺂 ⌾⎁㶽⻝ ✙⢍ 㢙㸉⥥? A 㯉㢙㉹ ⤕ ⋱〭 ⌾⎁㷁 ⋱〭㷙㸑㱱 ⌾⎁⍽ ㆹ䳕 ⌾⎁㷅䩭䯩䯙ヱ䤺三㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁㱑 ⦁䯵㞝⤕ 㱮㜭㳁 ㆹ 䳕㸑㜱㷅㱱⍅䯙⍡ 㓅 ㆽ〭㺂㴕㠍㱑⤕ 㸑㱱㺂z㱮㜭㺂z ㆹ䳕㺂㴕㠍⿽ 䩭䯩㥝䖝㯽䯝⥥⍡ 䯙㲁⥥? A ⏭㷁㱱㳹 ⤕ 䳙⌾䁁⊂㺂䤺㞲㷅 ⍡⺥䯝 ⋱〭䳙⌾ 䩊⊁ ⿽ 㶅䯵 ⋱〭⌾⎁㷅㊕⥦ ㌾䌝㺖㴕㠍㳁㱱⌱㐁 ⋱〭㥝㞥ㆽ ⭲㷙 ㆽ〭㺂㴕㠍㳹㸑㱱㺂㱮㜭zㆹ䳕㺂㴕㠍㷹㷹㶅㺂㴕㠍㜭⸍ ㊐䊩⹊㷙㵁䁂㸅 ⎁⺩䰊㶅㴕㠍 ⿽ ⧕䯵㓅 ㆽ〭㺂㴕㠍⿽ 䦍㯆䯙㲁⥥? A >LY 0MR ⤕ ⋱〭 ⌾⎁ 㝊䋅⿽ ⋵䐖㸆ヵ㲦㳹⎒⍡䦑㊕⥦䩭㸦㥝㞥ㆽ ㊐㻱䲖ㆽ 㾒㱑㞝 ⋱〭㷙㷵㉹䁁⿽ 㼍㴱䯙⤕ ⋵䐖ㆽ㷙㸆ヵ⍽ 㲦㳹⎒⍡䦑 ⑹〭⍡ ㊕⥦㷙䩭㸦㝊䋅⿽ 㾒㥭㶽⻝䦍㯆䯙㲁⥥? A ㆹ䁁㵑㷁㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭⿽ 㱱⏭ ⦁㝂㶽⻝䯙㱭 ⋱〭⿽ ⮱ⷽ 㞹㵍䁅 ⋵䐖ㆽ㷙㸆ヵ㲦㳹⎒⍡ㆽ ⋱〭㷙 ⍶⍶㥝㞥ㆽ ⍶ ⍶㯉✵㜭㷹 ⭲㷙 ⏭㞲㴕㠍⿽ 㐅㞞䯙㲁⥥? A 㷵ㄾ⺥ ⤕ 㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭㷵㉹䁁㳁 ⩅㥝㷵㉹䁁⤕ ⊚㷁 ⊝⟑㶽⻝㶡䲖 ⏭㞲㴕㠍㳁 ㆵ䲖 ⏭㞲㴕㠍㷙 ⫑ 㼆⿙⻝ ✙⣝⥥⍡ 䯙㲁⥥ ⲑ䯝㶡䲖 ⏭㞲㴕㠍㷹㱮㜭zㆹ䳕 ⋱〭 ⌾⎁ 㾒 ⍶⍶㥝㞥ㆽ ㌥䓙䶵䁁䠶㥞㢙⦁ ⊅䦑 ⍶㾒㺅䳕 ⊁⻝⭲ ⭲ ⋱〭㷙 ㆽ〭㺂䳙⌾㷅 ⏭㞲䯙⤕

䯠⏱䗜䟔䒤䯝䴐⠀ㆼ䁄 :SP 2S

㷵⻝㐁䞱 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷁㥝㞥ㆽ 㥝⊂づ䌵 ⍶⊅ ⭲㷙

㴕㠍⭥㷅㐅㞞䯙㲁⥥? A 㷵㝂㷙㞡䰊㱱⏭⿽ 䠶䯵㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁㷙 ⏭㞲

⊝㞡㷅䠶䯝 ⩅㥝䳙⌾㷙䁉㺂㢙㾁䰦㝂㷅 ⩅ㄩ䯙㲁

㴕㠍⿽ 㼆䯪䯙㱭㢙㺖㊐ ⊝䨹䯝 ⬥ 㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭㷙

⥥ 㷵⿽ 䠶䯵㥝㉽㷙㯉㺅䨹㷙⿽ ⩅ㄩ䯙⍡ 䘍㺂䯙⍡

⋱〭 ⌾⎁ ⏭㞲㴕㠍⿽ 㓅 ㆽ〭㺂 ⌾⎁⍽ ㆽ〭㺂 ⌾⎁

⋵⊖䯝 ⩅㥝⿽ 㻱㞲䯙㲁⥥ 㯅㴹⹭ ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷁㥝⊅

㴕㠍⻝ ⏭㐅䯙㲁⥥

㷵 ⌾⍽䯩㱑 ⮱ⷽ 䯵⥺ 䁁㱮⍽ 㥝⦁㷙 ⩅㥝ㄩ㤶㷅き ⭥⍡ 㷵⤕ 䁁㱮㷙㷵㉹䁁㳁㺖䌵㞲㶽⻝ ⧕ ✙⊁ ㆹ䳕

䫠㱱㜰zㆼ䳘⋴〰 ⍁⎄㷜 ⏰㞵㴘㠐 ⏰㐈

㜴 ⍹㵔䯜䌠 ⍤㐈 ⊄㲩㱱㜰㶤㺅䁄 ⋸䐙㇀ ⏔⹍ 㥠⍈䝕㐈㢜 ⩝㝅㇀〰㺅㌨䓜䶸䁄䠹㥡㢜⦄ 㸔㺈⋴ ) ⋴〰㥠㞨㇀ ⍁⎄ ⋴䓜⦄ ⍹㾕㺈䳘 ⊄⻠⭵ 㯌✸䦔㊭䰩䁄㥠㜰㷼 * 㜰㷼 + ⋴〰䩰㸩㍸⩈㒘⹱ 㞤䰍㱴⏰㱔㞠㱱㜰zㆼ䳘⋴〰 ⍁⎄㷜 ⏰㞵㴘㠐㼉䯭㺅㷀⻠㢜㺙㊓㸰⏰㞵䯜㱰 ⩈䐠䯜㲄⥨ 㯌㢜㉼㱱㜰 ㆼ䳘⊄⻠㷜 ⏰㞵㴘㠐㊓㝍䋈䤽㞵㐈㞡㱴⏰ 䯠⏱⎀䯝㲌㢤䩰⺀ ␐ 䲼 T ⏰㷄㱴䳜⍁䁄⊅㺅䤽㞵㷈⍤⺨䯠⊄⻠䳜⍁䩍⊄㱔⎄䯠㱴⏰ ⒴䎌㻴䲙䯝㱴 ⏰ 㺠 ␐ 㺠䲼 T 䐠 >LY 0MR 䯠z㾕㺈䠹㷈㾀㺠⻠䯠 ⊄⻠⍁⎄㝍䋈㓈⏔㱴⏰ ⍁䷰⦄䯝⏔ 㞡䌜㜰䯝㶈 ⠀ㆼ T ㆼ䁄㵔㳼 ⊄⻠⍁⎄ 䩍⊄ 䠹䯠 ⒀⦄ 㱱㜰zㆼ䳘⋴〰㻴㞵㊭㯌㱔 ⎄䯠㱴⏰ ⦄䯠⋸䐙䯝䴐⠀ㆼ䁕㺠 ␐ 㺠䲼 T 㷸ㅁ⺨㱱㜰ㆼ䳘⋴〰㷸㉼䁄 ⊠㞤㷈㶈䯠㲩㳼⊈䦔 ⮘㸔㷼㱴⏰ ⩝ㄉ⦄ 䯝⏔ 㞡㜰䯝㶈 ⠀ㆼ T 㓈㇀〰㺅 ⍁⎄

% 㸔㱴䳜⍁ & 㱱㜰��ㆼ䳘㶤㺅 ' ⋸䐙㇀ ( 㻴䲙㇀

✸㴭

?䫝 A㳁 ⊚㷵㓅 ㆽ〭㺂㴕㠍⻝⤕ 㸑㱱䳙⌾ 㱮㜭ㆹ 䳕㶡㺂㷵㸉㶽ヱ ㆽ〭㺂 ⌾⎁㶽⻝⤕ ⋵䐖ㆽ 㻱䲖ㆽ ⋱〭㥝㞥 ⍶⍶㯉✵㜭㷹 ⑹〭⍡ ⋱〭䫝㸦 ⭲㷵㸉⥥ 㯅㴹⹭ 㞡䰊㱱⏭⿽ 䠶䯵 ⊂ 㐅⿙㷙 ✵㴪㷅㞥ㄆ䯙㲁⥥

⍹⍹⮘㸔㷼⎀ 㱱㜰zㆼ䳘⋴〰 ⍁⎄㷜 ⎄⍈

⻝㸑〭㸢⌍ ⪝⥥? A ⲑ䯝㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁㷁 ⩅ 㥝㷙㾒㴕䯝 ⏭㞲 ⥩㶅㷵ヱ㜭⸍⭥⍽ ⩅㥝 ⏑⿙㷙㾒㴕䯝づ䌵㷵⥥ ⋱〭 ㆽ〭㺂䳙⌾㷙 ⊝㞡㷁㽽㉽⭥㷙㝞䳝䳙⌾㷅䰦㝂㥝䖱⥥ ⋱〭 ⌾⎁㷙㱮㜭zㆹ䳕㺂㸑㜱㷙㍵䲹㳁䳖㜱㷁 ⋱〭㱑 ⦁䯝䲹⊑⩅⿽ 㝂㤺㥝䖝㽽㉽ ⍽ ⩅㥝㷙 ⏑⿙⿽ 䎊䁅䯙⍡ ⩅㥝 ⊅ ⌾㹂⺦㷅 ⠓㱭㽽㉽㷙䁁㱮 ㆹ䳕㺖䌵㞲㷅 ⠓㷽㢙㸉⥥ 㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁ ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹 ⊝㞡⍽ 䳝㞲䳕⿽ 䠶䯵 ⩅㥝㷵㉹䁁⿽ 㺝⍡䯙⍡ ⌾㺝㜭䴍㷹ㆹ ⭲㷙䒢ヵ㱑㞝 ⩅㥝㊝㺅㱑 ⩅㵁㷅㾅㢙㸉⥥ ⑹〭䯙㱭㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁ ⍶⍶ ⮕㸑㷹䩊⊁䁁䫝㷙 ⏭䐖㷁づ㴱䛱 ⊁䓙⿽ 䁁⥍⥥

ߐ 䩍⊄䁄䫠㊓㞼㐄䯱ㄭ ⊠㊠㱱㜰zㆼ䳘⋴〰 ⍁⎄㷜 ⍹⍹⮘㸔㷼䩍⊄䁄䫠㷜 ⊠㊠ ⍹⍹⮘㸔㷼㷜䩍⊄䤽㞵㍹ ⟽ㆹ㷁㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁㷙 ⍶⍶ ⮕㸑㷹䩊⊁䁁䫝㱑 ⦁䯝㱱⏭⥥ ソ㺁䯚㢡㱱⏭㺖㍵㞝㓅㤥 6-77 㱑㞝

⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷙㶡䲖⍽ ⦁㝂㷙㐅⿙⿽ ㍵⌍ ⪙ヵ㱮㜭z

⍶⍶ ⮕㸑㷹㷅㽽㺝⻝䯝 ⟅ 㷵䵅 ⎁⺩䊹⍡ ㆹ䱍

ㆹ䳕⋱〭㷙 ⌾⎁㷁 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷙㌕㽽㱑㠎䯙ヱ ⍶⍶

㷅 ⌁㝊䰉⍡ 䎞䨹㷙䯚㶅⟽ㆹ㷅㢙䁒䯙㲁⥥ ⍶

⍶⊅ ⍶⍶㥝㞥ㆽ ⍶⍶づ䌵㱑㠎䯝⥥⤕ ⌄㷅㯍㢙㸉

⍶ ⮕㸑㷹㷙㐅㯽⊁ ⎒㌕㶅䯙⒱ ⯍ㆹ㱑 ⦁㐁㐅㷙 ⟽ㆹ㷵

⥥ ⲑ䯝㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁ ⏭㞲㴕㠍⿽ ㍵ヵ㱮㜭zㆹ

㺖䋆㌖⿡ ⍶⍶ ⎁〭䒢ヵ㱑㞝㱱⏭⿽ 䁅䰊䰉⍡ ㍹ ⟽

䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁㷁 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷙ㄩ⭡ 㴕㠍⿽ 䩭䯩䯙⍡ 㸉

ㆹ㷙 ✵㴪⍽⤕ 䊩㷵⊁ 㸉⥥ 㺅ㆹ 㐅㯽⿽ ㄆ䳖䯙⌍ ⏭㐅

⥥⤕ ⌄㷅㯍㢙㸉⥥ 㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁ 㸑䌵⊁ ⍶⍶

䯙⒱ 㶅䯵㽽㺝㰵㌕㶅⿽ ⍶⍶ ⮕㸑㷹䩊⊁䁁䫝⻝㼂䲁

⍶⊅㷙㞲〉㷅 ⊁䁁⤕ ⦁㝂ㆽ⻝㞝 ⑹ ⏭㞲㴕㠍⿽ 㜵䨵

⑹㾒䨹㷙䯚㶅 ⟽ㆹ㷅 ⌁㝊䰉⥥ ぉ䁁お㶽⻝㷹㴪

㍵ヵ ⋱〭 ⌾⎁ 㾒 ⍶⍶㯉✵㜭㷹㷹⩅ ⊅䦑 ⭲㷙 ⏭㞲

⿡㷅 ⒱㾁㶽⻝㍹㱱⏭㳁 ⎁⺩⪝ 䨹㷙䯚㶅 ⟽ㆹ㷅㞡

㴕㠍ㄩ⫑ ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷙㌕㽽㱑㠎䯝⥥⤕ ⌄㷅㯍㢙

㍅䰉⥥ 㷵㾒㊖㜭⟽ㆹ⍽ 㞞㜭⟽ㆹ㷁 ⊂⊂ 䨹㷵㱉⥥

㸉⥥ ⑹〭䯙㱭㷵㝂㷙㐅㞞⍽ 㞡䰊㱱⏭⿽ 㼆䯪䯵㍵ヵ

㯅㴹⹭ 䜥㵍⭝㷙 ⌁㝊㌕㶅⿽ 㼂䲁㱱⏭ ⦁㝂㷅ㄆ䳖三

⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹⍽ 㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁㷙㱱⏭✵㴪㷁㰵⤑

䯙㱭㱱⏭㷙䯅㴕㞲㷅 ⴝ⺸䯙⌍ ⭝⹭✵㱉⤕⧱ ⑹ 㷵㶡

㺖⩅ 㱱⎁㞲⍽ 㷽⎁㞲㷵㸉⥥ ⮱ⷽ㞝 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷙䩊

⤕ 䁁㊪㸑䓙 ⥩䌵㍅⻝ ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㱑 ⦁䯝 ⊂⒱ ⥥⿹ ⊁

⊁䁁䫝⤕ 㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁㱑 ⑹⦁⻝㺂㴪⪝⥥

㷵⭝ⷽ㷹㷅䁁⥉⍡ 㸉㰵䊩㍅㞲㷵㻵㸭䯙⒱ ⯍ㆹ㷵⥥

ᦥ᜽ᦥॵᯱᯙ ᦥ⋕ᯕቭ

㱱㜰zㆼ䳘⋴〰 ⍁⎄㷜 ⍹⍹⮘㸔㷼䩍⊄䁄䫠㱔 ⎄䯠㱴⏰

䫠 ⍹⍹⮘㸔㷼㷜䤽㞵㱔 ⎄䯠㞤䰍㱴⏰ ㌌䲼

⠀ㆼ ⊄㷸⭠⸀㷼

㺄㸔

㞡㜰㊙㜰

⍹⍹⮘㸔㷼䩍⊄㥠㤨䟠 ⊠㊠㱔 Ⓞ㌘㥡 ⎄䯠 ⒴䎌㱴⏰

㞡㜰䯝㶈㾕㯝⦄䯝⏔

⍹⍹⮘㸔㷼㷜䩍⊄䌝⩈ 䐘䐠㱔㺙䷰㺙 ⎄䯠㱴⏰

㊙㜰䯝㶈㻴㞤⦄䯝⏔

㷸㴭㸔ぐ㻵⩈ 㶈䯠 ⍹⍹㲅㱱䱌䁈䯜 ' 㷜 ⮘㸔㷼䩍⊄ ㊭㌙㱔 ⎄䯠㱴 ⏰ 䁄㱱㯈㷸⧸䥴䥴䫠䲈㷈㶈䯠 ⍹ Ⓞ㷄㾀 ( ⍹⮘㸔㷼䤽㞵㍈㲅䰩㷼㸔㱔 ⎄ 䯠㱴⏰ 䓜㶤䳜⍁ ⒴㊜ ⍹⍹⮘㸔㷼䩍⊄ 㸈㼉䵌 ) 䌸⍈㱔 ⎄䯠㱴⏰ ⩈㥠 ⍹⍹⮘㸔㷼 ⒴㍼㵔䓝㷜㥨㺈ㄉ㞱 * 䀡㐈㞡㷈䠹䯠㺙⹍㺅 ⊄䓜䩍⊄ 㱔 ⎄䯠㱴⏰ ⮘㸔㷼㯁䜽㷈䠹䯠㜰䴐㺅 ⊄䓜㊙㸰㴭 + 㾕㥰 ⍹⍹⍹⊈⮘㸔㷼䩍⊄㱔 ⎄ 䯠㱴⏰ 䁄㠑⊄⤩䯠䁄㱱䕨㈨⥌䥴䲙㞵㥤䁄䳘 , 㷈㶈䯠 ⍹⍹⍹⊈ ⮘㸔㷼㱔 ⎄䯠㱴⏰

㊙㜰䯝㶈 ⥬⏱⦄䯝⏔ 㞡㜰䯝㶈㲅✬⦄䯝⏔ ㊙㜰䯝㶈㝅ㄉ⦄䯝⏔ ㊙㜰䯝㶈䯠㰕⦄䯝⏔ 㞡㜰䯝㶈䳑㷹⦄䯝⏔

㐈㞡 ✸㴭

䤽㞵

㓈⍤

⩈㥠㷜 ⍹⍹⍹⊈ 䳜⍁㷈 ⊠㞤䯜⒴ 㶈䯠 ⍹⍹ 㺕⒀㞵㜰㴭㞵㯌㺈㞵䁄㱱㞵 ⍁⎄㞵䁄㠑㞵㥠⍹㞵 ⮘㸔㷼䩍⊄ 㥠㤨䟠 ⏰䐙㷈ㄭ㺅㷀⻠䯜㱰㱴 4 䁄㱱㜰䴐䁄㱱㾀㊀ ⍁㺠㞵 ⏰ 䁈䰍 ⏱✸㳼 ⍹⍹⮘㸔㷼㱔 ⦄䯠㜰⻄㻴㜰䠹䯸 ⍹⍹⋴〰㷜 ⍹⍹⮘㸔㷼㱔 ⦄䯠䩍⊄ 䌝⩈ 㞤 ㆼ䳘㞵㠐䠹㞵㥰㉼㞵㻴䳘㞵 ⎄〰㞵㸩㠐㞵䳜⍁㞵 4 ㍈㜰㴭㸔㷜ぐ㻵⩈㱔 ⒴䎌䯠 ⍹⍹㐈㰀㷜 ⮘㸔㺕⒀㞵㜰㴭㞵䳠⩝㞵㶤䁄⎄〰 ⊄⤩㞵 ⍁⎄㞵䨼㯌 4 㷼䩍⊄ ⒴㌙㱔 ⎄䯠㱴⏰ 䯬㯌㺈㞵㺙䌸㞵㜰䴐㞵䠹䯭㞵㍸䨼㞵 ⍹⍹⮘㸔㷼㐈㰀㷜䤽䁙㾕㲅䰩㷼㸔 ⩈䐠䯜㱰 ⥨⿼ 䁄㱱㷜 ⍹⍹⮘㸔㷼⎀㷜䊬㍈䳘㴘 ⍹⍹㞵㻴䳘㞵㥰㉼㞵䨼㷜㞵㺙䌸㞵 4 㠐㱴⏰ 䓜㶤䳜⍁㷜㶤䲙⎀ 㴘㠐 ⍹⍹⮘㸔㷼䩍⊄ 㺕⒀㞵㜰㴭㞵 ⒴⤩㞵 ⍁㺠㞵㯌㺈㞵 ⍁⎄㞵䘐㺅㞵 4 䌸⍈㱔㺅㴭䯤 ⌇㷈㺠㯌㥰㉼㞵㜰䴐㞵 ⍹⍹㞵㺙䌸㞵䁄㱱㞵䘐㺅㞵䓠䳜⍁㞵䠹䯭㞵䨼㷜㞵 ⊈⌴㞵㥰㉼ ⍹⍹⮘㸔㷼 ⊄㷸⭠⸀㷼㷜䴬㶬㺅㴸㲅㱔 ⮴ 㞵䁄㠑㞵㺙䌸㞵䠹㸀㞵㻴䳘㞵㱴㠑㞵 ⊠㊭㞵㞤 4 ⿼ 㐈⿜㊭㯌⎀ 㞼㐄㵔䓝㺠㥠 ⩈㞵㝅䁙㞵 ⍹⍹㞵 ⊄⩉㞵㥤⼴㞵 ⒴㻸㷜 ⍹⍹⍹⊈ ⮘㸔㷼䩍⊄ 䌸⍈ 㐈㞡䯜㺕⒀㞵㜰㴭㞵㯌㺈㞵䁄㠑㞵 ⍁⎄㞵㺙䌸㞵 ⍹⍹㞵 4 ⍤ 㝌⻠㴸䩍⊄ 䌸⍈ 㺠㯌㥰㉼㞵䘐㺅㞵㜰䴐㞵㥠⍹㞵 ⍁㺠㞵

㞡㜰䯝㶈㲅 ⍹⍹⍹⊈ 㷸㴭㷈㾀䌸⻠䯜㱰䁄㱱㜰䴐㷜䁌 ⊠㊭㞵䁄㱱㞵㸩㠐㞵㺕⒀㞵 ⍹⍹㞵㱴㠑㞵䨼㷜㞵 4 ✬⦄䯝⏔ ⎀ 䁄㠑⊄⤩㞵㷈䎍䁈䯜⤘ ㊭䰩㺠㯌㥰㉼㞵 ㆼ䳘㞵㍹䯭㞵㷼䁄㞵

⍹⍹⮘㸔㷼 ⎄㺔㷜 ㆼ䳘㾕㥰䁄㲨㶤⍁ 㱱䳠㞵䳘 '76z'7: 㐈㞡㱴⏰

㞡㜰䯝㶈䳑㷹⦄䯝⏔

ㆼ䳘㺅㥠⊅㷜 ⍹⍹⮘㸔㷼䩍⊄䁄䫠䠹䯸䁄㱱䳠㞵䳘䮈⻠㺡䤼㾕㥰㷜 ⒴㱉 '76 㺙䌸㞵 ⍹⍹㞵㞤⩈㞵䯭〰㞵䐭㥨㞵 ㆼ䳘㞵 '7: 䳠⩝ 㜰⻄㐈㞡

㊌ 1IQI 㺅 ⍹⍹⍹⊈㷜 ⮘㸔㞵⊄䷰ 㷼䩍⊄ ㊭㌙

㊙㜰䯝㶈㻴㞤⦄䯝⏔

㊌ 1IQI 㺅㷜㶤䲙⎀ 䤽䁙㺅㷼㴘㠐 ⍹ 㱴㠑㞵 ⥨㰕㞵 ⊄㍄㞵㺕⒀㞵䁄㠑㞵䁄㱱㞵 ⍁㺠㞵 4 ⍹⍹⊈ ⮘㸔㷼㷜䩍⊄ 䌸⍈㱔㺅㴭 ⍹⍹㞵䊼㱰㞵㜰䴐㞵

㞠㴼㥠 ⍹⍹⮘㸔㷼 ⩈㸉䴬⎀ 䩍㞠㴼㥠 ⊄㥠㤨䟠 ⊠㊠㱴⏰

㞠㴼㥠 ⍹⍹⮘㸔㷼 ⩈㸉䴬⎀ 䩍⊄㥠㤨䟠㷜 ⍹⍹㞵䴬㶬㞵㺕⒀㞵 ⊄⤩㞵㺙䌸㞵䠹㸀㞵䘐㺅㥵 4 䩍⊄䯱ㄭ䨼㷜㞵

䩍䋁⏴ ⍁⎄㝅㞼⍈䴑㊓ ⍹⍹⮘ 䩍䋁⏴ 㸔㷼 ⊄㷸⭠⸀㷼㢜ぁ㴭㱱

䩍䋁⏴ ⍁⎄㝅㞼⍈䴑㊓ ⍹⍹⮘㸔㷼 ⊄㷸⭠ 㯌㺈㞵䠹䯭㞵䁄㠑㞵 ⒴⤩㞵 ⍹⍹㞵 ⸀㷼㢜ぁ㴭㱱

⎕㰕㥠 ⍹⍹⮘㸔㷼 ⊄㷸⭠⸀㷼 ⎕㰕㥠㢜㺙

⎕㰕㥠 ⍹⍹⮘㸔㷼 ⊄㷸⭠⸀㷼㢜㺙

㯌㺈㞵䘐㺅㞵䁄㠑㞵㥰㉼㞵

䯜✬㥠 ⍹⍹⮘㸔㷼䁈䷩⍈䴑 ⊄ 䯜✬㥠㷸⭠⸀㷼

䯜✬㥠 ⍹⍹⮘㸔㷼䁈䷩⍈䴑 ⊄㷸⭠⸀㷼

⊠㊭㞵㝅䁙㞵䓠⒀㞵㻴䳘㞵 ⏱㺠㞵㯌㺈㞵䁄㠑㞵 T 䨼㷜㞵

3 ⍁⒴⩈ ⍹⍹⮘㸔㷼 ⊄㷸⭠⸀㷼

䁄 ⏰㺕㜰㯌䁄⍁ 䁄㥠㱱㐈⒀ 㴭㺈㱱⎄ 㠑⍹ 㜰㞵㞵㞵㞵㞵㞵㞵䴐 ⊠

⍁⒴⩈

ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ

ࣲ ࣲ

ࣲ

ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ

ࣲ

ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ

ࣲ

⍁⒴⩈ ⍹⍹⮘㸔㷼䁈⥬⌴⎀ 㞠㥡㊓㜰㴭䁄㻴䳘㞵㯌㺈㞵䁄㠑㞵䨼㷜㞵 ⊠㊭㞵䴬㶬㞵㥰㉼㞵 T 䓬㞠㝅䁙㞵

⍹⍹⮘㸔㷼㷜䤽㞵㐈⿜䁄㶤䓠 ⍁ㆼ 㠐㥰㻴⎄ 㸩䳜䳠䨼㜰䠹㍸ ⍹䨼㺙⒴䘐⏱ ⊈㱴⊠㞤㝅⊄㥤㍹㷼䯭䐭⊄䊼䴬䠹⥨ 㱱䁄䳜㺠䳘䠹㉼䳘〰㠐⍁ ⩝ 㯌䴐䯭䨼 ⍹㷜䌸⤩㺅㺠 ⌴㠑㊭⩈䁙⩉⼴䯭䁄〰㥨㍄㱰㶬㸀㰕㾀 ⎄ ⍁ 㞵㞵㞵㞵㞵㞵㞵㞵㞵䯬㞵㞵㞵㞵㞵㞵㞵㞵㞵㞵㞵㞵㞵㞵㞵㞵㞵㞵㞵㞵㞵㞵㞵㞵㞵㊀〰㞵

ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ

ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ

ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ

ࣲ ࣲ

ࣲ

ࣲ ࣲ

ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ

ࣲ

ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ

ࣲ

ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ

ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ

ࣲ

ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ

ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ

ࣲ ࣲ

ࣲ

ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ ࣲ

䯠⏱䗜䟔䒤䯝䴐⠀ㆼ䁄 :SP 2S

⑹〭䯙㱭 ⊂ 䁁㸑䌵㷙 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹 ⊁㷵⭝ⷽ㷹㷅㞹

⥥㷍㶽⻝䘍㺂㞲㜭㴪㞲䁁㱮㞲 ⌾㺝㞲 ⊝㊪㞲 ⌾

㥭䯙⌍ 㜵䨵㍵⍡ 䨹㷙䁁㊪ ⊁㷵⭝ⷽ㷹㷅㞡䰊㱱⏭

⎁㞲㻱䳕㞲 ㆹ䳕㞲㜭䴍㞲䠶䯪㞲 ⒱⤦㞲㱱㠎㞲

㸑⽍⻝㞡㺖䯙㱭䎞䨹㷙 ㆹ䱍㷅 ⩅䐝䯙㲁㶽ヱ㞡䰊

㝂䁖㞲 ⭲㷙䤺㞲㷵㱉⥥ 㞡䰊㱱⏭㱑 ⦁䯝㥭⩅ 㸉⤕

㱱⏭㱑㞝 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷙䩊⊁䤺㞲㊐ ⎁⺩ ✵㴪㱑 ⦁䯵

㺖〭⿽ 䠶䯵㓉⩅⿽ ⠓㷍㱑㞝 ✯㷍㷙㢝㞝⻝㐅㞞㷅䁅

㍵⥥ 㥭⩅ 㸉⤕ 㱱⏭㳁㐅⿙⿽ 䁅䰊䯙㲁⥥ 㞡䰊㱱⏭㱑

䰊䯙㲁⥥ 䴍㷵㝂㷙㓉⩅㱑 ⮱ⷽ 䐝䲅㓉⩅⊁ ✯㷁

⦁䯝㺖〭⿽ 䠶䯵 ⊝ ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹䩊⊁䤺㞲㷙㾒㴕⩅

䤺㞲㷅㺝㳹䯙⍡ ㍹㱱⏭㳁 ⎁⺩⪝ ⊝㷙䤺㞲㱑 ⦁

⿽ 䦍㯆䯙㲁㶽ヱ㍹㱱⏭㱑㞝⤕ 㞡䰊㱱⏭㱑㞝 ✙䝁✝

䯵㾒㍶ ⲑ⤕ 㶡㜭䯝 ⌄㷁䠶䯪䯙㲁㶽ヱ䏝㼆㺂㶽⻝

㓉⩅⿽ 㓅⏑ ㊐㐅㞞䯙㲁⥥ ⎁⺩✵㴪㷁㶅㷙 ?䫝 A⍽

㞡䰊㱱⏭㱑 ⦁䯝㐅㞞㷅䠶䯵 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹䩊⊁䤺㞲㷅

⊚⥥ 㐅㞞 ⌱⍽ ⍶⍶㞲㯉㺅㞲䁁㠎㞲㥭㉹㞲㺖䌵

㺖〭䯝㝂㶅⊝⟑㶽⻝㺒⑽㞲㯉㺅㞲䁁㠎㞲㥭㉹㞲

㞲㺒⑽㞲㷙㓉⩅⊁ 㓅⏑㺂 ⠓⌍ ✙䝁✭⥥

⍶⍶㞲㺖䌵㞲㷙 ⊁䁁䤺㞲㷅 ⩅䐝䯙㲁⍡ ⎁⺩ ✵㴪㷁㯅⸙ ?䫝 A㳁 ⊚⥥

䫠 ⍹⍹⮘㸔㷼䩍⊄䤽䁙㷜㺙〰 ⎀㺙䤽㞵

㺕⒀㞵

㓌⩈ 㺕⒀㞵

⊠㊭㞵

㺙〰 ⎀㺙

㯌㺈㞵

㯌㺈㞵㷄䨼㷜 ㆼ䱐㱔㞠㜰⸐⭨㷸 ⍹⍹ ⍹⊈ 䲽㷄 ⍹⍹㥠㞨㷈㜰㴭䯤 ⯐ 㶈䱜㞵㷸㻸㸰䯜⋴✜ 㜰⍤ ㊠㝡 ⊄⤩䯠㴘㠐㷜㉼䯜ヴ㇀〰㺅㯌㺈⎀ 㥰〰㺅㯌㺙㷈䩍⊄䯜⤘ ⊠⟔㷸⥨ Ⲕ䯠 ⍹⊈⎀ 㥠㞨㇀㷜㜰㴭䨼㷜㞵㷈ㄬ㝍䯠⥨

䨼㷜㞵

䫠㾄㺅㷼㷼䌸⍹䯝㺅㷕㴭㱔 ⮴⸀ 㜰㴭䯜⒴ 䨼〰䯜⍤ ⒴⤩㺅㷀⻠ ⮘㸔㷼⪜ヴ ⍹⊈㷜䨼㷜㞵⎀ 㯌㺈㞵㷈 ⩈ㄬ䯠⥨

㜰㴭㞵

㜰㴭䯜⒴ 䨼〰䯠 ⍹⊈㷸✜ 㥠㞨㯌㺈⊔⎀ 䨼〰㞵㷈 ⊚䐘⍤ 㸌㷀ヴ㇀〰㺅㷼㊭ヸ㙔ぐ㯈⥐ ⥨㰕䯠䳠⩝㷈㺠⍹䯠⥨

㺙〰 ⎀㺙

㺙䌸㞵

䁄㱱㞵㝅䁙㞵㜰䴐㞵

ㆼ䳘㞵

㺙〰 ⎀㺙

䁄㠑㞵

⍹⍹㞵

㥰㉼㞵

✸㴭䨼㷜 ㆼ䱐㱔㞠㺕⒀㞵㷜㷜㉼⤘ ㇀〰㺅䳜⍁㷸✜ 㥠⊅ 㥰〰㺅㷀⻠ㄬ⫔ 㺕䎍 ⊄⤩䯠 ⊠㊭⪠ ⍹⊈㷈㷜㉼䯠⥨ 㷸⤘ ⍹⊈ ⩝㞤⎀ ㊴䓜㷜㺅䯭㞵㱔 ⦄䯠䩍⊄㷸⥨ ⊠㊭㞵㷄䨼㷜 ㆼ䱐㱔㞠 ⍹⊈⎀ 㥠⊅㷜 ⊠㊭㷈㷜㉼䯜ヴ䩔㡈㳄⤘ ㊜⦄⪜⤘ 㷜㉼⥨ 㺕⒀㞵⎀ ⊠㊭㞵㷜䤽㞵㷄㓈㤻䯜ヴ㷼⊈⎀ ⍹⊈ 䳜⍁ ⊈㷜㺕䎍⎀ 㱴⌴㷈䎍䁈䯠⥨ ㍼㱴⏰㱔㞠⤘ 㺕⒀㞵㷜㓌⩈⊄ ⊄㸩 ⠖㯈㷸㺕⒀㞵㷀⻠䠹䯭䰌⥨

㯌㺈㞵䨼㷜㞵㜰㴭㞵㷄ㄬ⫔ ⍹⍹ ⮘㸔㷼㱔㞠㜰⸐⭨㷜䨼㷜㳄㯌㺈㷈 ⍤⺨䯠䤽㞵㷈䩍⊄䯜⒴ ⯐ㆼ㱔㓈㤻䯠㷜㉼⻠㍸⍤ 䠹䯭䰌⥨ ⑼㾕㯌㺈㞵㷜㓌⩈⊄ ⊄㸩 ⠖㯈㷸㳄 ⊝㷄䤽䁙㷈㯌㺈㞵㷀⻠䠹䯭䰌⥨ 䨼㷜㞤䰍㱴⏰ ㆼ䱐㱔㞠㰼⒍䯠 ✸㴭㷄 ⥨㷐⎀ ⊝⥨ 䲈䁄㷜㜰䴐 ⍁㺠 ㆼ䳘㺅 ⊄䓜䎍䁈䯜⍤ 䲈䁄㷜䁄㱱㺅䤽㞵㱔ぢ䐘㰸 ⋴㾀䁄㱱㷜㱱㜰zㆼ䳘㱔 ⦄䯠㾀㊀⭨㷜㺙䌸㞵⎀ 㠐㠑⊔㷈 ⊙䳘䯠⥨ 䁄㱱㞵㷄䨼㷜 ㆼ䱐㱔㞠䁄㱱㍈ ⍤㶤䯠㱱㜰z㜰䴐zㆼ䳘z䁄㊭䤽㝍 ⭵㷈䩍⊄䯠⥨ 㝅䁙㞵㷄䨼㷜 ㆼ䱐㱔㞠䁄㱱 ㆼ䳘㷜 ⍹⊈㷈㝅䁙䯜ヴ ⍹⍹ ⋸䐙㇀㰕㥡㷄䁄㱱㷜㱱㜰zㆼ䳘㺅㝅䁙㞵㷈 ⊄䁈⥨ 㜰䴐㞵㷄䨼㷜 ㆼ䱐㱔㞠䁄㱱㷜 ⍤㶤䯠㥤㐈䁄㱱 ⍹⍹ ⍹⊈㷜䳠㞵䳘䁄㱱䤽㝍㷈 ⦄䫠䯜⤘ ㆼ䳘䳠⩝⎀ 㜰䴐䳠⩝㷸⸀⍤ ✜䝄✜ 㸌⥨ ㆼ䳘㞵㷄䁄㱱㷈 ⦄䫠䯜⤘ ㆼ䳘㺅䤽㝍㷸ヴ ⒴㻸 ⍹⊈㷜㱱㜰zㆼ䳘㺅 ⊄䓜 ⊄䁈 ⍹⊈㷸⥨ 㷸⤘ 䁄㱱 ⍹⍹ ⍹⊈㱔 ⦄䯠 ㆼ䳘㺅 ⑄㠑⊔㷈䲙㞵䯠⥨ 㞤䰍㱴⏰ 䠹䯸㯢㞠㰼⒍䯠 ⊠㷜䤽㞵㷄 ⍹⍹ ⮘㸔㷼㱔㞠䁄㱱㱱㜰zㆼ䳘z㜰䴐㊓㾀㊀㷜䁄㱱㺙䌸㞵㷈 ✜䝄✼⥨ 㺙䌸㞵㷜㓌⩈⊄ ⊄㸩 ⠖㯈㷸㳄 ⊝㷄㶤㜰㞵㷈ㄬ⫔ 㺙䌸㞵㷀⻠䠹䯭䰌⥨ 䁄㠑㞵㷜㷜㉼⤘ 䨼㱔㞠ㄬ⫔ 㓈㤻䯜⥨ ⍹⍹ ⮘㸔㷼㱔㞠 ⍹⍹㥠㞨⎀ ⍹⍹ ⍹⊈㷜䁄㠑⊄⤩䯠㜰㴭⎀ ㍸䲼㊓ ✸⏰㞵㷈 ⍤⺨䯠⥨ 䳜⍁⎀ ⍁㺠㺅㊠㺈㷜䁄㠑⊄⤩㞵㷸⥨

䁄㠑㞵

㱴㠑㞵

㜰⸐⭨㷜 ⩝㞤㷈㶤⩈䯜⤘ ⍹⊈㺅㱴⎄㞵㷈 ⍤⺨䯠⥨ 㷸⤘ ⋸䐙㇀⎀ ⋸䐙㇀㸉ヸ㝍䋈㷜㱴㠑 ⮘㸔㷼㷈䩰䯬䯠⥨

㻴䳘㞵

㻴䳘㞵㷄䨼㷜 ㆼ䱐㱔㞠㓈㤻䯠㷜㉼㷸ヴ ⍹⍹ ⍹⊈⎀ 㾀㍄䳜⍁㷜㻴䳘⻠㴸 ⎄⍈㱔䁕㾕䯠⥨

⍁㺠㞵

䨼㷜 ㆼ䱐㱔㞠 ✸㴭㷸㓈㤻䯜ヴ㾀⻠㸔⒌ 䢰㸉㷸䲈䁄 ⍁㺠㷜䁄㠑⊄⤩䯠㊠㺈㱔㺅䯭䯠䁄䩰䯬䯠⥨

㺙〰 ⎀㺙

㯢㞠㰼⒍䯠 ⊄䁄䤽㞵㱔㞠䁄㠑㞵㷜㓌⩈⊄ ⊄㸩 ⠖㯈㷸䁄㠑㞵㷀⻠䠹䯭䰌⥨

⍹⍹㞵

䨼㷜 ㆼ䱐㱔㞠㰼⒍䯠 ✸㴭㷄㓈㤻䯜⥨ ⥨㢜㷜㷸䯸㳄㞤䲼⩈ 㶤䁄䯜⍤ ⍹⍹㷜 ⊄䓜㊜㲅䯜㱰 ⦄㾕㷜㞤䲼⩈㳄㷼㥡㷈䩰㴭䯠⥨

⒴⤩㞵

䁌㞠㸌⤘ ⒴⤩㞵㷜 ⍹⍹⍹⊈⎀ ⍹⊈㷜 ⒴⤩㷄 ⊅ ⍹⊈㷜㱴⍈㞵㷈䳙㍸䯜㱰 ⦄㾕㱔⌐ 㺅㴭䯠⥨

䠹䯭㞵

⍹⊈㷸㺠⍹䯜⤘ 㥠㞨 Ⲕ⤘ 㺙㍸⊄ 䠹䯭⪜㱌⤘䁄㳄 ⦄㾕㷸㜰㴭䯜⤘ 㥠㞨㸔㸰⊄ 䠹㸀⪜㱌⤘䁄㷜㱰㐄䦔⥬䯠⥨

㺙〰 ⎀㺙

⍹⍹㞵㷄 ⍹⍹ ⮘㸔㷼㷜㾀㴘䤽䁙㾕䯜✜⥨ ⒴⤩㞵⎀ 䠹㸀㞵㷄ㄬ⫔ ⍹⍹㞵㷜䯜㶈 ⊠⟔㷀⻠㷸 ⍹⍹㞵㱔䠹䯭䰌⥨

㥰㉼㞵

䨼㷜 ㆼ䱐㱔㞠㥰㉼㞵㷜 ⊠⟔㷄㶤㜰䯜⥨ 㾀⻠ ⩈㥠㱔㯈〈⥨㴸 ⍹⍹⍹⊈㷈ぐ⭠⤘ ⌇㷀⻠ ⎀㸩⪠ 䲙䝠㳄㝍䋈㊴㺠䯠⥨

⍁⎄㞵

⍹⍹ ⮘㸔㷼㉼⎄㱔 ⦄䯠䩍⊄ ㆼ䯱㷄㸔㱴㤨⺁⍤ ㉼⥌ツ䯜ヴ䘐㺅䯠 ⍹⍹ ⍁⎄ 䳜⍁㷈䐘⏰䯠⥨

䘐㺅㞵

㜰㴭㸔㱔⌐ ㊡⍤ 㰕䲼䯠䳜⍁㷈㺠⍹䯜ヴ ⍹⊈㷈䳠㴭䯬㷀⻠㧬㤨䤼⺌㤨䯸㠐䯜⍤ 䘐㺅㞵㷈䀡⊄㥠䜬⥨

㺙〰 ⎀㺙

㯢㞠㰼⒍䯠 ⊄䁄䤽㞵㷄 ⍹⍹ ⮘㸔㷼㷈䳠㴭䯸䘐㺅䯠 ⍹⍹ ⍹⊈⎀ ⍹⍹䳜⍁㷈㻴㞵䯜⤘ ⌇㷈 ⍤⺨䯸䠹䯭䰌⥨ ⑼㾕㥰㉼㞵㷜㓌⩈⊄ ⊄㸩 ⠖㯈㞠㥰㉼㞵㷀⻠䠹䯭䰌⥨

ᦥ᜽ᦥॵᯱᯙ ᦥ⋕ᯕቭ

㱱㜰zㆼ䳘⋴〰 ⍁⎄㷜 ⍹⍹⮘㸔㷼䩍⊄䁄䫠㱔 ⎄䯠㱴⏰

㱱㜰zㆼ䳘⋴〰 ⍁⎄㷜䩍⊄䤽㞵

〭 ⌾⎁ ⍅䴎㴕㠍㱑 ⮱ⷽ ⊂ 㶡䲖㍅㱮㜭ㆹ䳕 ⋱〭 ⌾

㍹㱱⏭⤕ 㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭㳁 ⋱〭 ⌾⎁㷅䜥㵍⭝⻝䯙

⎁㷙䤺㞲㷅㺝㥝䯙⤕ ⌄㷵⥥

㱭 (&TME㳁 6-77㱑㞝 ⎁⺩㸑⽍⿽ ⌁㝊䯙㱭㱮㜭zㆹ 䳕⋱〭㷙 ⌾⎁⍽ ⎁⺩䯙㱭 ⟅⩅ 㷵䵅㊝䫝䯝 /'㳁䯚㶅⟽ㆹ㷅㞡㺖䰉⥥ 㷵⿽ ㊕䝖㶽⻝㍹㱱⏭㳁㷙 ⎁⺩㺖⩅ ㊐㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⋱〭 ⌾⎁㷙䩊⊁ 䤺㞲㷅ㄆ䳖三㺝㥝䯝 ㆹ䱍㷅 ⍡䊱䯙㲁⍡ 㯅⸙ ?䫝 A㳁 ⊚㷵䏝㼆㺂㶽⻝䨹㷙 ㆹ䱍㷅㞡㺖䯙㲁⥥

⠀ㆼ

㺄㸔

⩈㥠㸰㝡 ⎄㺔㱔㞠 Ⓞ㉼㲅 ㆼ䳘㷜 ⋴〰 ⍹⊈䤽㞵㐈㞡

✸㴭

㓈⍤

ㆼ䳘⋴〰㷜 ⍹⊈ ⍈䴑㯌㺠㥠

⋴〰 ⍁⎄㱔 ⦄䯠㷼㥡㷈䠹䯸䳠㞵䳘 ⍈㊠㶤⩈

ㆼ䳘⋴〰㷜䤽㞵㐈㞡⎀ 㷸 ䷘ 㻴㞵㊭㯌㱴⏰

ㆼ䳘⋴〰㷜 ⋸㞨㊭㯌㷜 ⒀⋴ 㺠㥠

㱱㜰ㆼ䳘⋴〰䳠㞵䳘㶈䯠䠹䯭 ⮘㸔㷼㼐ㅁ㺅䕨㈨⥌䖄㷸㟜㱔 ⦄䯠㱴⏰

㱱㜰zㆼ䳘⋴〰㷜 ⍁⎄㷈䳠㞵䳘䯜⒴ 㶈䯠 ⮘㸔㷼㺈⸹ 㺠㥠

㾕⏱ 㱱㜰ㆼ䳘⋴〰㷜㳙㷸䦥 ⍁⎄ 䤽㞵㱔 ⎄䯠㱴⏰

㌌䲼

㱱㜰ㆼ䳘⋴〰 ⍁⎄ ⍈䴑㴘㠐㱔 ⮴⸀ ⊅ 㶤䲙㍈㱱㜰ㆼ䳘 ⋴〰 T ⍁⎄㷜䤽㞵㷈㺠㥠䯜⤘ ⌇㷸⥨

㱱㜰zㆼ䳘⋴〰 ⍁⎄㷜䤽㞵

4 㝅䁙㞵 ⏔⿜㞵 ⒴⤩㞵㥰㉼㞵 ㆼ䳘㞵 5 㷸⩝㞵㸩㠐㞵䘐㺅㞵㱴㠑㞵㱱㺈㞵㝅䁙㞵 ㆼ䳘㞵 6 䩍⭵㞵䨼〰㞵㝅䁙㞵 ⏔⿜㞵 ⒴⤩㞵 ⒴⤩㞵 ㆼ䳘㞵㯌㺈㞵㺕⒀㞵 7 㸩㠐㞵㱱㜰㞵㱴㠑㞵㷼䁄㞵 8 㱱㜰㞵㻴䳘㞵㥠⦄㞵 ⊠㊭㞵䁄㠑㞵

Ⓛ㉹㲂㷁 ⩅㥝㸭㝞㷙䊩㵑㱑㞝 ㆹ䳕⋱〭⿽ 䳝㞲䳕䯙⍡ ㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁㷅㶅䯝 ⍶⊅⍅䴎㊪㯉㷅㺝㥝䯙㲁⥥ 㷵䲅㺖㷁 ⋱〭⌾⎁㱑 ⦁䯝㷹㥞⊝㞡⍽ 㜭⻁㐅㞞㷅䠶䯵 ⋱〭⌾⎁㷙䳝㞲䳕㳁䁁㠎㺂㷹㊝㺅㷅㥝㜭䰉⥥ 㷵䷕ 㷁 ㆹ䳕⋱〭㻱㞲㊪㯉㷙 ⑽⋱ 㳁䩊⊁ ⒱㾁㷅㺝㥝䯙⍡ 㜭⻁㐅㞞㷅䠶䯵 ㆹ䳕 ⋱〭㻱㞲㱑 ⦁䯝 ⮕㸑㷹㷅㺝㥝䯙㲁⥥ 㼍ㄾ㺂㷁㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁㷅䳝㞲䳕䯙⒱ 㶅䯝 ⮕㸑㷹㺅⸶⍽ ⮕ 㸑㷹 ⒱㾁㷅㺝㥝䯙㲁⥥ 㳖㷵䦢㷁㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱

㷙㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁㷙䩊⊁ 䤺㞲㷵 ⩅䐝⪙㱉㶽ヱ㷵⤕ ⊂⊂ 㝂䁖㞲㻱䳕㞲 ⏑⿙㞲㥝⦁㞲 ⒱⤦㞲 ⊝ ㊪㞲㥭㉹㞲䁁㠎㞲 ㆹ䳕㞲㸦㠍㞲㱮㜭㞲㱱㠎㞲㷹䁁㞲䩊⭲㞲䨹〭㞲 ⏑⿙㞲㯉㺅㞲㺒⑽㞲㷵⩚

䫠㱱㜰zㆼ䳘⋴〰 ⍁⎄㷜䩍⊄䤽㞵㺙〰㱱㜰zㆼ䳘⋴〰 ⍁⎄㷜䩍⊄䤽㞵

䦬㟜㤨䤼〰䤼㷜㷸䲈㺙 5 ㍸䰍⊄⻠䳠㞵䳘㊭㯌㱔 ⎄䯠㱴⏰ 6

䯵㾒㍶⪝ 㷙㉹⿽ ⊁䁅䤺㞲㷅㼆䯪䯝 ⌱⍽ ㄩ⫑ ⊝

㞲䘍㺂㞲㷵⥥ ⎁⺩ ✵㴪㷁㯅⸙ ?䫝 A⍽ ⊚⥥

䫠㱱㜰zㆼ䳘⋴〰 ⍁⎄㷜䩍⊄䤽㞵㱔 ⎄䯠㞤䰍㱴⏰ ㌌䲼

㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁ 䩊⊁ 䤺㞲㱑 ⎁䯝㞡䰊㱱⏭⿽ 䠶

㝅䁙㞵

䨼〰㞵

⏔⿜㞵

㯌㺈㞵

⒴⤩㞵

㺕⒀㞵

㥰㉼㞵

㷸⩝㞵

ㆼ䳘㞵

䘐㺅㞵

㸩㠐㞵

㻴䳘㞵

㱱㜰㞵

㥠⦄㞵

㱴㠑㞵

⊠㊭㞵

㷼䁄㞵

䁄㠑㞵

䩍⭵㞵

㱱㜰zㆼ䳘⋴〰 ⍁⎄㷜 ⍹⍹⮘㸔㷼䩍⊄䁄䫠㷜 ⩈䐠㍹㱱⏭㷙ㄪ㺂㷁㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁ ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷙䩊⊁䁁䫝 ⏭䐖㷵⥥ 㷵㳁 ⊚㷁㱱⏭⿽ 䠶䯵㱮㜭zㆹ䳕 ⋱〭 ⌾⎁⍽ ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷙䤺㞲㱑 ⦁䯵㺖〭㊐㐅㞞㷅䁅䰊䯙㱭㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁㷵 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷙㌕㽽㱑㠎䯝⥥⤕ ⌄㷅䦍㯆䯙㲁㶽ヱ㞡䰊㱱⏭㱑 ⦁䯝㐅㞞㷅䠶䯵 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷵㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁㷙㝂㶅 ⊝⟑㷹 ⌄㷅㊞䲁✵㱉⥥ ⑹〭䯙㱭 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷙䩊⊁䁁䫝⤕ 㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁㱑⩅ 㺂㴪⪙ヱ ⑹ 䤺㞲㜭㷵㱑⤕ 㱱⎁㞲⍽ 䩭䯩 ⎁⍅⿽ 䁁⥉⍡ 㸉⒱㱑㱱⎁⪝ 䤺㞲㷅㸭 ⏭㞲䯙㱭㺖〭䯙㲁⥥ ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㱑 ⦁䯝㼆䯪㞝㢡㷅䠶䯵 ⍶⍶㞲㯉㺅㞲䁁㠎㞲㥭㉹㞲㺖䌵㞲㺒⑽㞲㷙 ⊝ 䩊⊁ 䤺㞲㷅 ⩅ 䐝䯙㲁⥥ 㞡䰊㱱⏭⿽ 䠶䯵 ⩅䐝䯝㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁ 㷙䤺㞲㱑⤕ ⊝⊁ 㸉㶽ヱ ⑹㾒 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷙䤺㞲㱑㞝㺒⑽㞲㷁㝂㶅⊝⟑㶽⻝㱮㜭ㆹ䳕㷙 ⋱〭 ⌾⎁㷙㺒 ⑽㞲⍽ ⊝㊪㞲㷅䩭䯩䯝⥥ 㺒⑽㞲㷁 ⍶⊅㷙 ⩚㞡⍽ ㊱

䯠⏱䗜䟔䒤䯝䴐⠀ㆼ䁄 :SP 2S

䓙⊁ 㺂㺉䯝䁁⿽ 䩊⊁䯙⍡ ㍵䰊㸑㾒㥭㷙 ⋱〭 ⌾⎁

㷹㷙 ⊁㷵⭝ⷽ㷹㱑㞝㐁㻲䯝㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁ 䩊⊁

䳙⌾㷅㻱㞲䯙㱭 ⋱〭⍶⊅㷅 ⊝㊪䯝⥥ 㯉㺅㞲㷁㱮㜭z

䁁䫝⿽ ㍵㳅䯙⒱ 㶅䯵 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹䩊⊁㷙䤺㞲 ⊝⟑㷅

ㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁㷙㯉㺅㞲⍽ 㷵⩚㞲 ⑹〭⍡ ⒱⤦㞲㷅䩭

㍁⌾䯙⍡ 㞹㐁䯮ㄪ㷙䵅㠎㐅㞞㷅㶅䯵㷾⒱ 㣾⍡ 㷵

䯩䯙㱭㥝㉽⭥㷵㜭㴪䯙⤕ ⍶⊅⍽ ⒱⤦ 㥝㞥㶅䱙㷵✙

䯵䯙⒱ 㣾⩅⻞䯙㲁⥥ 䏝㼆㺂㶽⻝ ⍶⍶㞲㯉㺅㞲䁁

㜭⍡ ㊝㝞㴕㷹㷅 ⍡⺥䯙㱭 ⮕㸑㷹⪙㱉⤕䁁㷙㱭㐁⿽

㠎㞲㥭㉹㞲㺖䌵㞲㺒⑽㞲㷙 ⊝ 䩊⊁ 䤺㞲㷅㺒⑽

䩊⊁䯙㲁㶽ヱ㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭㷙 ㆽ〭㺂㯉㺅㞲㙑き㯅

㞲 ⎁⺩㯉㺅 ⎁⺩㱮㜭ㆹ䳕 ⎁⺩䁁㠎㞲 ⎁⺩ ⍶⍶

⥉ⷽ 㥭〭㺂㯉㺅㷙㌕㶅⩅ 䩭䯩䯝⥥ 㺖䌵㞲㷁 ⋱㽽

⎁⺩㉹⎁㻱䳕 ⎁⺩㶽⻝㍁⌾䯙㲁⥥ ⩚㥝㱑㶅 ⊝ 䤺

䁁㱮㱑 ⦁䯝㽽㉽⭥㷙㱮㜭ㆹ䳕㷙㺖䌵㞲⍽ 㠍㠎⊑㷅

㞲㷅㝂㶅⊝⟑㶽⻝㞥㺖䯙㱭㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁㷙 ⍶

㷙㉹䯙ヱ ⮕㸑㷹 ⦁㝂㷙䁁㱮㺂䤺㞲⍽ 㜭䴍㺂zㆹ䳕㺂

⍶⮕㸑㷹䩊⊁䁁䫝⿽ ⩅䐝䯙㲁⥥

⊁䓙⿽ 䩊⊁䯙⤕ ⌄㷵⥥ ⮱ⷽ㞝㱮㜭㞲 ㆹ䳕㞲㝂䁖㞲 ⑹〭⍡ 㷹䁁㞲㷁㺖䌵㞲㶽⻝䠶䯪⪝⥥ 䁁㠎㞲㷁䁁

䩍⊄䁄䫠㷜㞼㐄䯱ㄭ ⩈䐠

㠎㺂㷹㜭㴪㷙䩊⊁⿽ 㷙㉹䯙ヱ㶡䁁㊐㍵㢙㳁 ✵⏭

㍹㺉㱑㞝⤕ 䁁⒉Ⓧ䁁㜵䨵㍹ ✵㴪㷅㊕䝖㶽⻝㱮㜭z

㞲㷅䩭䯩䯝⥥ 㥝⦁㞲㷵䁁㠎㞲㱑䩭䯩⪙⤕ 㷵㶡⤕ 㥝 ⊅㷵䁁✡㢙⻞㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁㷁㱭㺅三 ✵⏭㞲㷅㶡䁁䯡㢙㸉⒱ ⯍ㆹ㷵⥥ ⍶⍶㞲㷁 ⏑⿙㞲㸦㠍㞲䩊 ⭲㞲䨹〭㞲䘍㺂㞲㷅䩭䯩䯝⥥ ⍶⍶㞲㷁 ⥥㢙㷙㷵䯵㳁㞡䲹⿽ 㶡䁁䯙⍡ ⦁㾒㷙㞡䲹㳁㷹㥞㷅䩭㴪䯙㱭ㄩ⭡ 㜭⸍⭥㱑⌍ 㺂䯪䯝 ⏑⿙㷙㸦㷅㺝⍶䯙ヱㄩ⭡ 㜭⸍㷅き㻲㥝䜥⤕ ⩚㥝㱑䨹〭㞲⍽ 䘍㺂㞲㷅㺝⍶䯝 ⥥ ⎁⺩ ✵㴪㷁 ?⑹〽 A⍽ ⊚⥥

ㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁ ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹䩊⊁㱑 ⮱⿹ 㞹㐁䩊⊁䯮ㄪ ⊝⿽ ⩅䐝䯙㲁⥥ 㞡䰊㱱⏭㱑㞝 ⍡䊱䯝 ⊂ 䯮ㄪ㷙㽽㴕 ✵㴪⍽ 㐅㞞㷅㊕䝖㶽⻝ ⎁⺩㞡䰊㱱⏭ ✵㴪㷙㺖〭 ⿽ 䠶䯵㞡㺖䯙㲁⥥ 㞡䰊㱱⏭㷙 ✵㴪㷁 ⊂ 㸑䓙 ⥩䌵㷙 ⍶⍶ ⮕㸑㷹 ⊁㷵⭝ⷽ㷹㷅䩭䯩䯙ヱ ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹䩊 ⊁㳁 ⎁⺩⪝ 䯚㶅⟽ㆹ⍽ 㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁㱑 ⎁䯝䩊 ⊁ ✵㴪㷅 ⌁䠡䯙⍡ 㐅㞞䯙㲁⥥ 䏝㼆㺂㶽⻝ ⊝㷙㞹㐁䯮ㄪ㷅 ⊝㷙㌕㶅⻝㞡㺖䰉⥥ 䩊⊁䁁䫝㷙㥡⼱㞲㷅䳖㍵䯙⒱ 㶅䯵 ‫ޙ‬㜭㐅㶅㢙‫ ?ޚ‬A㷙䠶⍅ ㊪㌖㷅㜭㴪䯙㱭㓉⩅ 㐅㞞㷅㥥㥝䯙㲁⥥ ㄩ⫑ 䨹㷙㞡䰊㱱⏭ ㆹ 䱍㱑㞝㜭㐅㶅㢙㷙㊪㌖㱑 ⮱ⷽ 㷵䯙㷹 ⌄㷁㷵㉁⻝㷵䯙⤕ 㺝㳹䯝⥥ 㷵㝂㷵ヱ㷵䯙㷹㷵㝂㷵䯙⿽ ⦁㝂㶽⻝㶡㜭䯮ㄪ㷁㍒䯪䯙㲁⥥ 㷵㝂㱑㷵㝂㷵ヵ㞡㺖䯙ヱ㍹㱱⏭㷙㽽㺝㱑 ⮱ⷽ 㺖〭䯙㲁⥥ 㸑㞹䯝䁅䰊 ⍽㺖㷁 ?䫝 A⍽ ⊚⥥ ?䫝 A㷙 % 8㷙 ⊝ ㌉䲹⤕ ㍹㱱⏭㷙 ?䫝 A⍽ ?䫝 A㷙㺖⺭㢝㞝㳁 ⩚㷽䯙⥥ 㱱⏭㷙 ⊞⎁㞲㷅䳖㍵䯙⒱ 㶅䯵㍹㱱⏭㷙㓉⩅ 㐅㞞㱑㞝⤕ ‫ޙ‬㜭㐅㶅㢙‫ޚ‬㷙㊪㌖㷅䋅䝞䯝⥥ 㜭㐅㶅㢙⤕ ⧱㷵䞱䫝㍹㷅 ⊝㷙 ⩚㷽䯝㐁㐅㶽⻝ ✙⢉ ⊓㸆⥉⥥ 㜭㐅㶅㢙⿽ 㜭㴪䯙㱭 ⧱㷵䞱䁒䯪㷙㌕㶅㳁㾒㥭㶅䓙⿽ 㥡㠎䯙⌍ 䩊⊁䯡㢙㸉㤶⥉ ⥥ 㺝㜭㐅㶅㢙 5 ⧱㷵䞱㷙 ⊁ 㷵 ⊓㍵⥥ 㸒⋱ ✙ ⊚㷍㺝㜭㐅㶅㢙 5 㾒㶅㢙 ⧱㷵䞱㷙 ⊁ 㷵 ⊓㍵⥥ 㸒⋱✙ ⊚㷍㺝㜭㐅㶅㢙 5 ⧱㷵䞱㷙

⑼぀䩍⊄䁄䫠㷜䤽㞵㱔 ⩈䐠 ⎀㺙

㥥䁉㺂㷹 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹䩊⊁䁁䫝⿽ 㺝⍶䯙ヱ ⍶⍶⮕㸑

⊁ 㷵 ⊓㍵⥥ 㸒⋱✙ ⊚㷍 ?䫝 A㷙㓉⩅㢙⤕ 㷵ヱ㜭㐅㶅㢙㷙㊪㌖㱑 ⮱ⷽ 㷵䯙㷹 ⌾㴱⤕ 㷵㉁⻝㷵䯙㷙 ⌾㴱⤕ 㺝㳹䯝⥥ 㷵㝂㷵ヱ㷵䯙㷹

ᦥ᜽ᦥॵᯱᯙ ᦥ⋕ᯕቭ

㱱㜰zㆼ䳘⋴〰 ⍁⎄㷜 ⍹⍹⮘㸔㷼䩍⊄䁄䫠㱔 ⎄䯠㱴⏰

䫠䩍⊄䁄䫠㷜㞼㐄䯱ㄭ ⩈䐠 ⎀㺙㞤䰍㱴⏰ 㐈㞡

䩍 ⊄ 䯱ㄭ㺕 ⒀ 㞵 ⎄ ⺬㯌㺈 ⎄ ⺬㱱㜰 ㆼ 䳘 ⎄ ⺬䁄㠑㺅 ⎄ ⺬ ⍹ ⍹ ⎄ ⺬

䩍⊄䁄䫠㷜㞼㐄䯱ㄭ

⍹⍹⮘㸔㷼䩍⊄⠀ㆼ

㱱㜰zㆼ䳘⋴〰 ⍁⎄ / 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 ⊄㷸⭠⸀㷼

% & ' ( ) * + , -

⋴〰㷜㍸䰍 ⍹⊈ ㊓䊬⹍ 䠹⻠㵔䳠䯜⌐ 䳙㍸

ࣰ ࣰ ࣰ

㤁⌐ 㺕䯤㢜㸌⍤ ㊭ㆼ䯤㢜㸌⤘ ⍹⊈⎀ ⍁⎄ 㺅㺌䯠㾀䊬㸩䳙㍸㾀䊬䐠㸉⏰㱔㊭䯸㴘㠐㺠⋴ ㄬ⭤ 㷸㴭㸔㳄㸩㯤㷼㷸㊭ㆼ ⊄⤩䯠 ⍹⊈

ࣰ ࣰ ࣰ ࣰ ࣰ ࣰ ࣰ ࣰ ࣰ ࣰ ࣰ ࣰ ࣰ ࣰ ࣰ

⦄㾕⏔䠹⎀ 䁅⊈㺕㺅㷀⻠㱴⌴⪠ 㥠㞨㇀

ࣰ ࣰ ࣰ

⋴〰㷜㜰⊅䁄⦄ 㺠⋴䯜⍤ ⊔㥠㊓㌘㽈㲌㊭⎀ ⎄⺬⪠ ⮘㸔㷼 ࣰ 㞨䓜 ⩈⻠㉼⛈⺀㊭䁄㊓㜰㴭䨼㷜㥠㞨㷈㞨䓜䯜㱰䘐㺅䯠 ⋴〰 ⍁⎄ 䳙㍸ ⏔䊬⻠ ⍤⺨䯜㱰䴥⥬㍸⩈㳄 ⍁⍤ㆼ 㞨䓜 ࣰ ㍸䰍⻠㳄㸔⩝䊬㴸䰍 ⩈⻠㷜㺅⥽䯠㯌㺈⋴〰㶤䁄 ࣰ 㺅㺌䯠㊡⒴㷜㰀⊈ 㻴ㄉ ࣰ 㾀㊀⭨⻠䯜㱰⒌ 䁄㱱㱱㜰ㆼ䳘㷜㺙䌸㞵㷈 ⊄䁄⩈⻡䯤㢜㸌⤘ ࣰ ⍹⍹⍹⊈ ⒴㻸㷜㱱㜰ㆼ䳘㸔㜴㱔 ⦄䯠㍸䲼㳄䳠㴭㷈䠹䯸 ⩈㥠 ⍁㹅⺩䰩 ࣰ 㝅 ⮘㸔㷼㷈䠹䯸䁄㱱㱱㜰ㆼ䳘㷜䤽㞵㷈 ⊙䳘䯜㱰䁄㱱 ㆼ䳘㷜䳠㞵 ࣰ 䳘㶤⩈ 䐙㺠㊓ ㆼ䳘䰍㜰 ⊠䏠 ⋴〰 ⍁⎄⎀ ⩈㥠㷜㱱㜰zㆼ䳘㺅㊴⍁ 䠹㸀 ࣰ ✸⏰㞵㷸㼏⍤ 䌱⌴䯜⌐ ⏔䌸䯜⒴ 㣰㴴ヴ䁄㠑㺅㷀⻠㢜〰⊄ ⊄⤩ ࣰ 䯠㠐㸰㜰㴭 ⍈㺌㞵 ⒴䵈㍄䳘 ⍤⺨ ࣰ ⍁⎄ 㥡㝡㷈 ⍤⺨䯜㱰䓠䳜⍁ 㠐㸰㜰㴭 ࣰ ⋴〰 ⍹⍹⍹⊈㷜㸰㝡⎀ 㸰䳠㴭㷈䠹䯠䁄㠑㺅㷼㊠㺈 ⍹⍹㥠㞨㇀㷜㜰㴭㢜ㄉ⎀ 㶤䁄㊓㍸㢜㓈㴭 ࣰ ⥨ㆼ䳘㷼㥡㷈䩰㴭䯜⍤ 㜰䴐 ⊅⍈ ⥨㰕䯠 ✜⸀㷜㜰⸐⭨㱔⌐ 㺅 ࣰ 䯭㯈⩝ ⟼㷼㸩㯤㷼 ⭵㱔⌐ 㺅䯭䯠 ⍹⍹㥠㞨㇀ ࣰ 䐭㐈䯠䶸㥡 ⍹⊈ 䶸㥡㥠㞨㶈㝡㥠㞨 ⭵㷈㺠⍹ ⒴⤩ ㊓䳠㴭⩈⊄ 䰩㝅⪠ 䨼〰䯠 ⍹⍹㥠㞨㇀㺠⍹ ㄬ⭤ 㜰⸐⭨㷸㰼㺠⭤䁄㜰㴭䯤㢜㸌⍤ 㠐䠹䯤㢜㸌⤘ ⍹⊈ ࣰ

㉼㾀㍄ ⍁⎄⎀ 㰸㴼〰⤘ 䲙䝠㊓ ①ㄬ ⌼㓈 ⎄ 㾀㍄䳜⍁⎀ 㻴䳘⪠ 㝍㝅⎀ 㠐㸰㷜㜰㴭

ࣰ

㥠㞨㇀㸔䌸㱔 ⊈⥬䯠䲙㝅㷸㸌㷀ヴ䌸⍈㺅㷸⍤ 䫠㾄䳘⪠ ⮘㸔㷼

⎄ 䋈䝡⺬

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⍹⍹ 㥠⊅ と䌸㷜䲙㥡㷸 ⋴〰㷜㺈䌸㐈㶈⒴㳄䠹㸀

㻴㥠⊅㺅㷼㥰㉼⊔㷈㾀⤘ ⊄⻠㍄ ⋸䐙㇀㷜㸉ヸ䳘

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㓌⩈ 㞤㢜㺙

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䊼⍤ % Ⓞ㌘㥡 & 㺙䷰㺙 ' 䱌䁈䯜 ( Ⓞ㷄㾀 ) 㸈㼉䵌 * 㺈ㄉ㞱 + ㊙㸰㴭 , 㥤䁄䳘 - 㲨㶤⍁ . 㞵⊄䷰ / 㞠㴼㥠 0 䩍䋁⏴ 1 ⎕㰕㥠 2 䯜✬㥠 3 ⍁⒴⩈ 4 Ⓞ㉼㲅 5 㼐ㅁ㺅 6 㷸 ䷘ 7 㷸䲈㺙 8 㳙㷸䦥㞤㺙䫠⒴ ㌘⻄ ࣲ 㞤㺙 ࣦ 㶤㜰䯱ㄭ⎀㷜䠹䯭⍤⺨ < ㊴㺠 ࣰ摶㶤㜰䯠 ㆼ⏰㳄㶤㜰䯠䯱ㄭ㷄㞤䰍㱴⏰㱔 ⦄䯠㐈㞡㷈䠹䯸䳙㷼䵈㞤㺙

㷵㝂㷵䯙⿽ ⦁㝂㶽⻝㶡㜭䯮ㄪ㷁㍒䯪䯝⥥ 㷵㝂㱑㷵㝂㷵ヵ㞡㺖䯝⥥ 㶅㳁 ⊚㷁㐅㞞 ⍽㺖㷅 ⋱䍑㞡㺖䯝䯮ㄪ⍽ 㶡㜭䯝䯮ㄪ㷅䠶䯪䯙㱭䏝㼆㺂㶽⻝ ⩅䐝䯝䊩䩊⊁䁁䫝㷙

䫠䩍⊄䁄䫠㷜㞼㐄䯱ㄭ ⩈䐠䩍⊄䯱ㄭ㌌䲼㺕⒀㞵 ⎄⺬

㞹㐁䯮ㄪ㷁 ⊝㲁⥥ 䩊⊁䁁䫝㳁㞹㐁䯮ㄪ㱑 ⦁䯝㸑㞹䯝 ✵㴪㷁㯅⸙ ?䫝 A⍽ ⊚⥥

㯌㺈 ⎄⺬

㞼㐄䯱ㄭ

% ⋴〰㷜㍸䰍 ⍹⊈ ㊓䊬⹍ 䠹⻠㵔䳠䯜⌐ 䳙㍸ % 㤁⌐ 㺕䯤㢜㸌⍤ ㊭ㆼ䯤㢜㸌⤘ ⍹⊈⎀ ⍁⎄ % ㄬ⭤ 㷸㴭㸔㳄㸩㯤㷼㷸㊭ㆼ ⊄⤩䯠 ⍹⊈ ⦄㾕⏔䠹⎀ 䁅⊈㺕㺅㷀⻠㱴⌴⪜⤘ 㥠㞨㇀⻠㺕⒀㷈㊭䯸 % 䯜⤘ 㴘㷼㷸✜ 㸩㯤㴘㠐㺠⋴ ⋴〰㷜㜰⊅䁄⦄ 㺠⋴䯜⍤ ⊔㥠㊓㌘㽈㲌㊭⎀ ⎄⺬⪠ ⮘ & 㸔㷼㞨䓜 &

⩈⻠㱔㉼⛈⺀㊭䁄㊓䨼〰䯠㜰㴭㷈㶈䯠㥠㞨㇀㞨䓜㺅㺌䯠㰀⊈ 㻴ㄉ㷜㊡⒴ 㻴㺌

䯠⏱䗜䟔䒤䯝䴐⠀ㆼ䁄 :SP 2S

& ⏔䊬⻠ ⍤⺨䯜㱰䴥⥬㍸⩈㳄 ⍁⍤ㆼ 㞨䓜 & ㍸䰍⻠㳄㸔⩝䊬㴸䰍 ⩈⻠㷜㺅⥽䯠㯌㺈⋴〰㶤䁄㾀㊀⭨⻠䯜㱰⒌ 䁄㱱㱱㜰ㆼ䳘㷜㺙䌸㞵㷈 ⊄䁄⩈⻡䯤㢜 ' 㸌⤘ ⍹⍹⍹⊈ ⒴㻸㷜㱱㜰ㆼ䳘㸔㜴㱔 ⦄䯠㍸䲼㳄䳠㴭㷈䠹䯸 ⩈㥠 ⍁㹅㱱㜰ㆼ䳘 ' ⺩䰩㝅 ⎄⺬ ⮘㸔㷼㷈䠹䯸䁄㱱㱱㜰ㆼ䳘㷜䤽㞵㷈 ⊙䳘䯜㱰䁄㱱 ㆼ䳘 ' 㷜䳠㞵䳘㶤⩈ ' 䐙㺠㊓ ㆼ䳘䰍㜰 ⊠䏠 ✸⏰㞵㷸㸌⍤ ⏔䌸䯜⒴ 㣰㴸㠐㸰㜰㴭㸰⽐㷜㜰㴭㢜ㄉ䁄㠑㺅 ( ⎀ 㶤䁄㊓㍸㢜㓈㴭 ⍤⺨ ⎄⺬ ( ⍁⎄ 㥡㝡㷈 ⍤⺨䯜㱰䓠䳜⍁ 㠐㸰㜰㴭 ⥨ㆼ䳘㷼㥡㷈䩰㴭䯜⍤ 㜰䴐 ⊅⍈ ⥨㰕䯠 ✜⸀㷜㜰⸐⭨㱔 ) ⌐ 㺅䯭 ) 㯈⩝ ⟼㷼㸩㯤㷼 ⭵㱔⌐ 㺅䯭䯠 ⍹⍹㥠㞨㇀ ⍹⍹ ⎄⺬ ) 䐭㐈䯠䶸㥡 ⍹⊈ 䶸㥡㥠㞨㶈㝡㥠㞨 ⭵㷈㺠⍹ ) ⒴⤩ ㊓䳠㴭⩈⊄ 䰩㝅⪠ 䨼〰䯠 ⍹⍹㥠㞨㇀㺠⍹ ㄬ⭤ 㜰⸐⭨㷸㰼㺠⭤䁄㜰㴭䯤㢜㸌⍤ 㠐䠹䯤㢜㸌⤘ ⍹ ) ⊈ * 㾀㍄ ⍁⎄⎀ 㰸㴼〰⤘ 䲙䝠㊓ ①ㄬ ⌼㓈 * 㾀㍄䳜⍁⎀ 㻴䳘⪠ 㝍㝅⎀ 㠐㸰㷜㜰㴭㉼⎄ 㻴䳘 * 㥠⊅㺅㷼㥰㉼⊔㷈㾀⤘ ⊄⻠㍄ ⋸䐙㇀㷜㸉ヸ ⎄⺬㥠㞨㇀㸔䌸㺅㷀⻠䌸⍈㺅㷸⍤ 䫠㾄䳘⪠ ⮘㸔㷼䋈䝡 ⋴〰 * 㳄㻴䳘⪠ 㥠⊅ と䌸㷜䲙㥡

㺅ㆹ⊁ 䁒⥩㷙 ⌭䯵⿽ ㊕䝖㶽⻝㉹⸙ 㲉䒢㐉䳖㥥䯝

㱱㜰zㆼ䳘⋴〰 ⍁⎄㷜 ⍹⍹⮘㸔㷼䩍⊄䁄䫠㢜ぁ

⏭㻱䳕⪝ 㞥ㆹ㷅㥥㥝䯙䁁き㍹㱱⏭㱑㞝⤕ 䊩㐁䞱

㐈㞡㊭㌙㞠㢤㍹㱱⏭㷙ㄪ㺂㷁㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁ ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷙䩊⊁䁁䫝 ⏭䐖㷵⥥ 㷵⿽ 㶅䯝㱱⏭ ㊪㌖㷁ソ㺁 ⧹䦍㷵 (IPTLM 㻱㜭㊪㌖㷅䳝㴪䯙㱭㺅ㆹ⊁㷙㷙⌭ 㢙⺵㷅䠶䯵㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁ 䩊⊁䁁䫝㳁 ⊂ 䩊⊁ 㞹㐁䯮ㄪ㷙䝁⥺㞲㷅 ⌁䀞䯝⥥ ⥥㷍㶽⻝㺅ㆹ⊁㱑 ⦁䯝㞥 ㆹ㻱㜭⿽ 䠶䯵䩊⊁䁁䫝㾒㞹㐁䯮ㄪ㷙㺂䯪㞲 ⌁䀞㷅㶅䯝䝑㝊㺂㷹㸑㐅㞞㷅㥥㥝䯝⥥ 䏝㼆㺂㶽⻝ %,4 %REP]XMG ,MIVEVGL] 4VSGIWW ⍅䒶䳕㐅㞞㌖㷅䳝㴪䯙㱭㦎⦁ 㓅⏑ 4EMV[MWI 'SQTEVMWSR ⿽ 䠶䯵䩊⊁䁁䫝㷙㞹㐁䯮ㄪ㍅㾒㴕⩅㳁㴱㞡㢝㶅⿽ 㜱䐝䯝⥥

⧼䦐㷸 (IPTLM 㻴㜰 ⊠㴘 ⧹䦍㷵 ⒱㌖㷁㲥⤙✡ ⊁㸦㸙㯍⺥䁅䁉㺂z⏭㻱㺂z ⊅㺒㺂㝂䲹㸒㴪㉹⸙㱱⏭ ㊪㌖⻡㶽⻝ ? A ⧹䦍㷵 (IPTLM 㻱㜭㊪㌖㷁䁂⎁㺂㲉䒢⒱㌖㷙䯙✙⻝㞝㉹ ⸙ 㜭⋵㱑 ⎁䯝㺅ㆹ㺂㷙⌭㷅 ⏑䳙䯙⍡ 㷵⿽ 㼆䯪䯩㶽⻝㧩㺖䋆㷵✙ ㊪㯉㷅 ⊝㊝䯙⤕ ⧱ 䳝㴪⪝⥥ ⧹䦍㷵 ⒱㌖㷁䤺㺖㐅㯽㷙㺅ㆹ⊁ 䁒⥩㷙㷙⌭㷅㢙䁒㊐㢙⺵䯙⒱ 㶅䯝 ⩅⏭⻝㞝 ⌱⍽ 㲉䒢㱑 ⦁䯝㊪㌖㷵㐁㻲䯡 ⯍ 㷵⿽ ㍵㳅䯙⒱ 㶅䯵㺅ㆹ⊁⭥㷙䁂⎁㷅 ⩚㵑䯙⤕ ㊪㌖㶽⻝㞝㊝㺅䯵㳕⥥? A ⧹䦍㷵⤕ 㺅ㆹ⊁ ⑹⽺㷙㷙⌭㷵 ⊝㷹㷙㷙⌭㍵⥥ 㴱㵕䯙⥥⤕ 㺑㱑㾒㺑㷅 ⫑ヱ

ㆹ㺝㷙䯵⌱ ㊪㯉㺝㥝 ⭲㷅 ⩅䐝䯙⤕ ㊪㌖㶽⻝㊝㺅䯙㲁⥥? A 䤺三㱱⏭䯙⍡㸑䯙⤕ ㆹ㺝㱑 ⎁䯝㺖䳖䯝㺖㍵⊁ 㱇㷅 ⯍ 㺅ㆹ⊁⭥㷙㷹䁁⪝ 䦑⥩㷅㶡⩅䯙⍡ ⦁㻱 ⿽ 䠶䯵㺖㍵⿽ 䳖㍵䯙⤕ ㊪㌖㶽⻝䳝㴪⪝⥥ ⧹䦍㷵㻱㜭⤕ ⊚㷁 ㆹ㺝㱑 ⦁䯵㱭⹭ 䊩⻁㱑 ⋹䓝㞥ㆹ㷅䠶䯵㺅ㆹ⊁⭥㷙㷙⌭㷅㢙䁒z⏑䳙䯙⍡ ⌱⍽㺂㶽⻝䯪㷙 ⪝ ✵㴪㷅㰼⍡㸑䯝⥥? A 㷵 ⍽㺖㱑㞝㺅ㆹ⊁⭥ ⊅㷙 ⌭䯵㱑 ⦁䯝 ⥥㰒䯝㺖㍵⿽ 㰼⍡ ⏑䳙䯙ヵ㞝 ㆹ㺝㱑 ⦁ 䯝 ⌭䯵⿽ 㸭⍡䯙⤕ ⒱䴍⿽ 㰼⒱⩅ 䯝⥥ 㢙䊩⻁㱑 ⋹ 䓝 ⍽㺖㷅 ⋱䓩㶽⻝㧩 ⥥㢙㺅ㆹ⊁㷙㷙⌭㷅㼆䯪䯙㱭 ⧕㴲 ⊞⎁㺂㷵⍡ 䌵⍅䳕⪝ 㺖㍵㊐㷙⌭㷅 ⩅䐝䯡㢙㸉⌍ ⪝⥥ ㍹㱱⏭ 㻱㜭⤕ ⟅ 㵕㱑䊩䊩⿽ 㥝䰊䯵䎞䊩⻁㱑 ⋹䍑䁅䰊䯙㲁⥥ 㷽㊙㺂㶽⻝㞥ㆹ 䁁㸒㞲㷅㶅䯵䊩 ⊝㊪䲖㞥ㆹ㷅㥥㥝䯙⍡ 䊩㐁䞱 ⏭㻱䳕⪝ 㞥ㆹ㱑㷒⥶䯙⩅⻞䯙㱭䴩㶩㞲㷅 ⠓㲁⥥ 䎞ㄆ㷅 ⦁㝂㶽⻝ I QEMP㷅䠶䯝㸑⒱⒱ 㸆㥞㶽⻝㻱㜭䯙㲁㶽ヱ䩊⊁㴕㠍㷙㾒㴕⩅⤕ 〭䕥䤹 0MOIVX WGEI ? A 㺑䌚⩅⻝䩊㺖䯙⩅⻞䯙㲁⥥ 㷵䵅㺅ㆹ⊁⭥㷙䊩䊩㷙⌭ 㷽䓙⩅ ㍁䳕⿽ 㐅㞞䯙⍡ ⩅䐝⪝ 䩊⊁㴕㠍㷙㥡⼱⩅ ㊐䝁⥺⩅⿽ 㐅㞞䯙㲁⥥ 㺅ㆹ⊁ ⧹䦍㷵㻱㜭㷙 ⊝㴕⤕ ?䫝 A⍽ ⊚⥥ 䫠㺈ㆼ⊄ ⧼䦐㷸㻴㜰 ⊠㴘 ⏰㐈㻴㜰⒴⊈

✸㴭䊬㻴㜰 ⟈ 㵘㸀䊬㻴㜰 ⟈ 㵘㸀

㻴㜰㊭㌙

I QEMP㱔㷜䯠㸔⒴⒴㸉㥡

㻴㜰✸㴭

䊬㻴㜰䩍⊄䯱ㄭ㍈䩍⊄䯱ㄭ㷜㾕㴘⩈ 䩍⊄㴘㠐㷜䐘⊄z㍄⍁z 㜱㺠 ⒴䝄㷜⌰

䩍⊄㊭㌙

〰䕨䤼 0MOIVX WGEI 㺔䌝⩈

䦬➔⏰㞵

⏔㢜 ⎄⺬㺈ㆼ䁅㱴⏰䁅 ⍹ㆸ㵔䎡ㄉ

䊬㻴㜰䊬㻴㜰 ⌴⎀ ㊜㲅䩍⊄䁄䫠㳄㞼㐄䯱ㄭ㢜ぁ

⧹䦍㷵 (IPTLM 㻱㜭㞥ㆹ䁁⿽ 䠶䯵㷵㺅Ⓧ䁁 ⍡䊱䯝 ✵㴪㷅㊕䝖㶽⻝ ⩅䐝⪝ 㱮㜭ㆹ䳕 ⊁⻝⌾⎁ ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷙䩊⊁䯮ㄪ㍅䩊⊁㴕㠍㷙㾒㴕⩅⿽ 㺖⹊㺂㶽⻝䩊 ⊁䯙⍡㸑䰉⥥ 㷵⿽ 㶅䯵䊩 ⧹䦍㷵 (IPTLM 㻱㜭㱑㞝⤕ 㱮㜭ㆹ䳕 ⊁⻝⌾⎁㷙䩊⊁䯮ㄪ㍅䩊⊁㴕㠍㷙㾒㴕⩅㳁䐕⊁z㍁⌾z㜮㺝⊁ 䯅㴕䯝㜭䯮㷅㯍㯅㍵㯙⥥

ᦥ᜽ᦥॵᯱᯙ ᦥ⋕ᯕቭ

㱱㜰zㆼ䳘⋴〰 ⍁⎄㷜 ⍹⍹⮘㸔㷼䩍⊄䁄䫠㱔 ⎄䯠㱴⏰

䊩 ⧹䦍㷵 (IPTLM 㻱㜭 ㆹ䯮㷁䊩 ⧹䦍㷵 (IPTLM

㺅ㆹ⊁ 䦩➑㷙䁂㱆㷁 ⏑㢙ㄆ ⎁⺩㺅ㆹ䁂

㻱㜭 ⌱⍽⿽ ㊙㲂䯙㱭 ⏭㞲䯙㲁⥥ 㻱㜭㞥ㆹ䁁 ⏭㞲㷁

ㄆ

㱱⏭䁂ㄆ

⍶ㆵ㵑ㄆ

㶽

?䫝 A⍽ ⊚⥥

⻝㺅䌵㺂㶽⻝ ⍡⿵⌍ ✙䝁✭⤕⧱ ⑹㾒 ⏑㢙㳁 ⎁⺩㺅ㆹ䁂㷙㓅㾒㷵 ⠓⌍ ✙䝁✭⥥ 䯚⺦㷁㞞㜭ㄆ

䫠㺈ㆼ⊄ ⧼䦐㷸㻴㜰㞨ㆼ䁄 ⏰㞵 ⏰㐈

䩍⊄䯱ㄭ

✸㴭䊬 ⧼䦐㷸 (IPTLM 㻴㜰

䊬 ⧼䦐㷸 (IPTLM 㻴㜰

㺕⒀㞵 ⎄⺬䩍⊄ ㆼ䯱

㯌㺈 ⎄⺬䩍⊄ ㆼ䯱

㱱㜰ㆼ䳘 ⎄⺬䩍⊄ ㆼ䯱

䁄㠑㺅 ⎄⺬䩍⊄ ㆼ䯱

⍹⍹ ⎄⺬䩍⊄ ㆼ䯱

㉼⎄ 㻴䳘 ⎄⺬䩍⊄ ㆼ䯱

⧹䦍㷵 (IPTLM 㻱㜭㷙 ⊞⎁㞲㷅 ⠓㷵⒱ 㶅䯵㞝⤕ 㷒 ⥶㸑㷙㺅ㆹ㺂䁁㥞⍽ 㞲㥥㞲 ⦁䫝㞲㱑 ⦁䯝 ⍡⺥⊁ 䯅㴕䯙⥥ ⮱ⷽ㞝 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹 ⌾⎁⮕㸑㷹 ⭲㷙㐅㯽㱑㞝㱱⏭ 㞲⍽⊁ 㸉⍡ 㺅ㆹ㺂㷹㷙⌭㷅㺝㥝䯝㺅ㆹ 㱮 ⹊㷅 ⊁䁅䩊⊁㸑⿽ 㞡㺖䯡䯅㴕⊁ 㸉⥥ 㷵㱑㍹㻱㜭㱑䊹㱭䯙⤕ 㺅ㆹ⊁㷙㥡⼱㞲⍽ ⏭㞲㺂䝁⥺㞲㷅䳖㍵䯙⒱ 㶅䯵㷽㊙㺂㶽⻝ ⊁㸦く㷵㭱㷵⤕ 㺅ㆹ⊁ 㞡㺖 ⒱㾁㷹㐅㯽㺅ㆹ㞲㥥ㆵ㱮⹊ ⌾⺦⒱⊅ ⭲㷅㞡㺖㷙㾒㴕 ⒱㾁㶽⻝䯙㲁⥥ 㷵㝂㷙 ⒱㾁㷅㊕䝖㶽⻝䯙㱭 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹 ⌾⎁⮕㸑㷹 ⭲㷙㐅㯽㱑く㷁䁁㥞㷅 ⊗䐙㺅ㆹ⊁⭥㷅䦩➑⻝ ⏭㞲䯙㲁⥥ 㺅ㆹ⊁ 䦩➑ 䲅䳪㷁 ?䫝 A⍽ ⊚⥥

㞵㍈

㱴⺽

䁅㱉

䯝⺩

⍁⺩ ⒴⊈

⻝ ✙䝁✭⥥ ⌾⺦ ⒱⊅㷁

⟅ 㷵㝂b ⟅ ㉹き㷵ㄆ ⟅ 㷵㝂b ⟅ ㉹き㷵ㄆ ⟅ 㷵㝂b ⟅ ㉹き㷵ㄆ

⟅ 㷵㝂㷵ㄆ㶽⻝ ⦁㐁㐅 ⟅ 㷵㝂㷙 ⌾⺦ ⒱ ⊅㷅 ⊁䁁⍡ 㸉㱉⥥

⧼䦐㷸 (IPTLM 㻴㜰㐈㞡㊭㌙㻱㜭㐅㞞㊪㌖㷁䊩䊩 ⧹䦍㷵 (IPTLM 㻱㜭 ⌱⍽ 㷙䩊② 䫝㾁䨹䊩㾒㯚⊓㷅㐅㞞䯙⍡ ':6 ㆹ䯮䎞㺑⊅ 㝂⎁ 㯉㺖⩅ 㥡⼱⩅ 䝁⥺⩅⿽ ⌁䀞䯙⤕ ㊪㥞㶽⻝䁅䰊䰉⥥ ⧹䦍㷵 ⒱㌖㷅䳝㴪䯙㱭㺖䳖䯝䐕㺖䓙⿽ 䊿⒱ 㶅䯝䠶⍅ 㐅㞞㊪㌖㷁 ⥥㷍⍽ ⊚⥥ 䌬㌉䁹 ✵㴪䝁⥺⩅⤕ 0E[WLI⊁ 㺝㥝䯝 ✵㴪䝁⥺ ⩅ 㓅㶩 ':6 'SRXIRX :EPMHMX] 6EXMS 㱑 ⑽⋱䯙㱭㐅㞞䯝⥥? A ':6㷁㺅ㆹ⊁ 䦩➑㷙㢙㱑 ⮱ⷽ 䏝㠠⊓ 㷵㺝㥝⪙⤕⧱ 䏝㠍⊓ 㷵㝂㷵 ⪙㱉㷅 ⯍ ㆹ䯮㱑 ✵㴪䝁⥺⩅⊁ 㸉⤕ ⌄㶽⻝䦑⥩䯡㢙㸉⥥ 䀊 ‫ޙ‬㾒㴕䯙⥥‫ޚ‬⍡ 㷒⥶䯝㶅㵑㢙⊁ 㷽 ⯍ ':6 ⊓㷁㷵⍡ ㉹き㷽 ⯍ ':6 ⊓㷁㷍㢙㷽 ⯍⤕ 㷙 ⊓㷅㷵㝂㷽 ⯍⤕ 㷵㝂㷙 ⊓㷅 ⊗⌍ ⪝⥥? A ':6㷁䦩➑㢙㱑 ⮱⿹ ✵㴪䝁⥺⩅ 䏝㠍⊓㷅㺝㥝䯝⥥ ':6 ⊓

䫠㺈ㆼ⊄ 䦬➔䲈䳭 2! ⏰㐈

㊖㜭ㄆ

✸㴭

ㄉ

䨀㟀䤼摤摥

✬㞵

㱰㞵

㞼㷸㝅㞼㉼ぐ

⏔㢜

⎄⺬㺈ㆼ䁅

㱴⏰䁅

⍹ㆸ㵔

⦄䯝㵔㞡㜰

⦄䯝㵔㊙㜰

⟈ 㷸㝅b ⟈ ㉼ぐ

⟈ 㷸㝅

㷵䏝㠍⊓ 㷵㝂㷽 ⌾㴱 ㆹ䯮㱑 ⦁䯝 ✵㴪䝁⥺⩅⿽ 䳖㍵䯝 ⌄㶽⻝䦑⥩䯝⥥ ㍹㱱⏭㱑䊹㱭䯝㺅ㆹ⊁ 䦩➑㷙㢙⤕ ㄆ㶽⻝ ':6 䏝㠠⊓ ⒱㾁㷁㷵⥥ 䏝㠠⊓㷵㍵⥥ 㸒㷁䯮ㄪ㷁㜮㺝䯙ヱ䦩➑㢙㱑 ⮱⿹ ':6㷙䏝㠠⊓㷁 ⥥㷍 ?䫝 A㳁 ⊚⥥ 䫠䦬➔ 㢜㱔 ⮴⿼ ':6 ✸㴭䝄⥽⩈㓈㶬䏠㠐⊖

§ §ƃ à ć

㷕⥹㸔㢜

':6 䏠㠐⊖

ㄉㄉ

Ï j}yG á ć § ć Ï

ㄉ

§ ƃ ! 㾕㴘䯜⥨⍤ 㷕⥹䯠㜰⻄㷜㢜

ㄉ

㾀 T! 㸔⽐ 0E[WLI㱔㞠㸰㷼㴭? A

䯠⏱䗜䟔䒤䯝䴐⠀ㆼ䁄 :SP 2S

⫑ ㌉䁹䠶⍅㐅㞞㊪㌖㷁㯉㺖⩅ WXEFMPMX] ⌁䀞㷵⥥

㢙㸉㶽㉁⻝㺝⋱䯙⤕ ⌄㷵㊕⸍䁂䯙⥥? A

⧹䦍㷵 ⷽ㴵⭝ 䴠㢙㱑㞝䦩➑⭥㷙㞥ㆹ㷒⥶㷙䊩㷵⊁ 㸒㯅㷒⥶㷙㷽䓙㞲㷵 ⠓㷁䁁䦑⥩䯙⤕ 䁁䫝㷵⥥ 㷒⥶

⧼䦐㷸 (IPTLM 㻴㜰

㷙㷽䓙㞲㷵 ⠓㷁 ⌾㴱㯉㺖⩅⊁ 䳖㍵⪙㱉⥥⍡ ㍽㢙

䊬 ⧼䦐㷸 (IPTLM 㻴㜰 ⌴⎀

㸉⥥ 㷒⥶㷙㷽䓙㞲㷁㍁㷵⍅㢙 GSIJJMGMIRX SJ ZEVMEXMSR 㶽⻝䒢㺖䯝⥥ ㍁㷵⍅㢙⤕ 䫝㾁䨹䊩⿽ 㜱㢡䩊②㶽⻝ ✙⢉ ⊓㷵⥥ ㍁㷵⍅㢙⊁ 㷵䯙㷹 ⌾㴱䐕 ⊁㺂㷹㞥ㆹ㷵䯅㴕㱇⥥ ㍁㷵⍅㢙⊁ ࠂ 㷹 ⌾㴱 ⤕ 㓅⏑㺂㯉㺖㺂㶽⻝䦑⥩䯡㢙㸉⥥ ㍁㷵⍅㢙⊁ 㷵㝂㷹 ⌾㴱⤕ 䐕⊁ ⷽ㴵⭝ 䴠㢙⊁ 䯅㴕䯙⥥? A 㞹㌉䁹㥡⼱⩅ 6IPMEFMPMX] ⤕ 'VSRFEGL‫ޚ‬W EPTLE ⊓㶽⻝䒢㺖䯙⤕⧱ :ER HI:IR *IVV] 㱑㷙䯙ヵ㻱䁂㢙㾁㷙㐅㞞㱑㞝 'VSRFEGL‫ޚ‬W EPTLE ⊓㷵㷵㝂㷵ヵ䒢㺖 ⩅⏭㷙㥡⼱㞲㱑㍅ ㆹ㺝⊁ 㱇⥥⍡ ㍽㢙㸉⥥? A ➥ ㌉䁹䠶⍅㐅㞞㊪㌖㷁䝁⥺⩅ ZEPMHMX] ⌁䀞㷵⥥ ⧹䦍㷵 ⒱㌖㷙䝁⥺⩅⤕ 䦩➑㷙䯪㷙㺖⩅⿽ 㐅㞞䯙㱭 ⌱⍽⿽ 㺝㥝䯡㢙㸉⥥ 䝁⥺⩅⤕ 㢙⺵⩅㳁䯪㷙⩅⻝ ⏭㞲⪝⥥ 㢙⺵⩅⤕ 㷙⌭㷵䯝㺑㱑㞝ㄩ⫑ 㢙⺵䯙㲁㷅 ⯍ 㷙 ⊓㷅 ⊗⤕⥥ き㯾㷙⌭ ⊅ 䨹䊩⊁ 䛱 ⌾㴱 ⑹ ⊓㷁䕥䁅⥥ 䯪㷙⩅⤕ 5 㺝㜭㐅㶅 ⍅㢙 ⍽ 5 㺝㜭㐅㶅 ⍅㢙 ⊁ 㷽䓙䯙㱭㳅㺅䯪㷙䰉㷅 ⌾㴱㷙 ⊓㷅 ⊗⤕⥥ き㯾㷙⌭ ⊅ 䨹䊩⊁ 䛱 ⌾㴱 ⑹ ⊓㷁㸒㯅䁅⥥ 䀊㢙⺵⩅⤕ 㱑 ⊁Ⓧ㴹㢙⻞䯪㷙⩅⤕ 㱑 ⊁ Ⓧ㴹㢙⻞ ㆹ䯮㷵䝁⥺䯩㷅㷙㉹䯝⥥ 䝁⥺⩅ ⌁䀞㷁㷙㜭⌱㺖㷅㶅䯝䊹⍡ 㢙䓙⻝䳝㴪⊁⤦䯙⥥ 㢙⺵⩅⍽ 䯪㷙⩅㷙 ⍅㜱 ⍶㥞㷁 ?⑹〽 A⍽ ⊚⥥

䊩 ⧹䦍㷵 (IPTLM 㻱㜭⤕ 㞡䰊㱱⏭⿽ 䠶䯵 ⩅䐝䯝 ⊝㷙㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁ ⍶⍶ ⮕㸑㷹䩊⊁䁁䫝 ㆹ䯮㱑 ⒱㊙䯙㱭㞥ㆹ 㻱㜭䁁⿽ 㺝㸒䯙㲁⥥ 䊩㞥ㆹ 㻱㜭⤕ 㺅㸑㴱䨹⍽ 㲥䮅ⷽ㷹㞥ㆹ㻱㜭㷙㊪㥞㶽⻝䁅䰊䰉⍡ 㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁ ⍶⍶ ⮕㸑㷹䩊⊁䁁䫝㷙㞹㐁 ㆹ䯮㷙㺂䯪㞲䁉ㆹ㷙㾒㍶㱭㐁䲺㷁㜮㺝⊁ 䯅㴕䯝 ✵㴪㱑 ⦁䯵㺅ㆹ⊁㱑㷙⌭㷅 ⏭䰉⥥ 䊩㞥ㆹ 㷒⥶䁁⿽ 䠶䯵 ⊂ ㆹ䯮㱑 ⦁䯝㺅ㆹ⊁ ㄆ㷙㷙⌭㷅㰼㱉⥥ 䊩 ⧹䦍㷵㻱㜭 ⌱⍽ ✵ ⊝ 䩊⊁ ㆹ䯮㾒䐖㺝㊐ ㆹ䳕䰊㜭 ⊝䏝 ' 㯅⩚ ⟹㷹㸦㯡㷹 ⭲㱑 ⌍ 㺂䯪䯝 ⍶⍶㥝㞥ㆽ ) 㥝⊂㺂㷹㥭㉹⊑㷅㽽⤕ ⊁⻝㍁ ⋵䐖ㆽ㷙㸆ヵ * 㷙 ':6㢙䓙⤕ ㉹き㷵 ⍡ ㆹ䯮䎞㺑㝂⎁㷁㷵䯙㲁⥥ ⮱ⷽ㞝 ⊝㷙䩊⊁ ㆹ䯮㷙䝁⥺㞲㷵㓅⏑㺂 ✯㯅㜮㺝䯡䯅㴕⊁ 㸉㱉⥥ 䊩 ⧹䦍㷵㻱㜭㷙 ⊂ 䩊⊁ ㆹ䯮㷙䩊②䓙⤕ 㱮㜭zㆹ䳕 ⎁⺩䁁㠎㺂 ⎁⺩㺒⑽㞲 ⎁⺩ ⍶ ⍶ ⎁⺩㯉㺅 ⎁⺩㉹⎁ 㻱䳕 ⎁⺩㢝㷵⥥ 䩊②䓙⊁ ⊁㸦 ⠓㷁䩊⊁ 㞹㐁 ㆹ䯮㷁 ‫⮕ ' ޙ‬ 㸑㷹㷅䠶䯵䁁㱮㱮㜭ㆹ䳕㷙䤺㞲㷅 ⊖䳕䯙㱭䁁㱮 ㆹ 䳕㷙䳝㞲䳕㶡⩅‫ ޚ‬㷵⍡ ⊁㸦 ✯㷁䩊⊁ 㞹㐁 ㆹ 䯮㷁 ‫ * ޙ‬㥝⊂㺂㷹㥭㉹⊑㷅㽽⤕ ⊁⻝㍁ ⋵䐖ㆽ㷙㸆ヵ‫ ޚ‬㷵⥥ ⲑ䯝㺅ㆹ⊁⭥㷁䩊⊁ 㞹㐁 ㆹ䯮 ✵㴪㷵㓅㤸䯝㐁㐅㷅䠶䯪䯵㯽䯝⥥⍡ 㺝㯉䰉⥥ 䊬 ⧼䦐㷸 (IPTLM 㻴㜰 ⌴⎀

⑼぀㢜⺸⩈⎀ 䯭㷜⩈㷜 ⍈㜴 ⍹㥡

⥥㞰㌉䁹 ㆹ䯮䎞㺑⊅ 㝂⎁㷁 ㆹ䯮㷙㍁㍅⺦㷅 ✙ 䝁✵㽽⤕ 䁁㢙⻝㞝㱑 ⊁Ⓧ㴵㝂⎁㷅㍵㷵⤕ ㆹ䯮㷁㺅ㆹ⊁ 䦩➑⭥㷵㍁㍅䯙䁁 ㄼ䯙⤕ 㐉ㄆ⽍䯝 ㆹ䯮㷵 ⋱ ✙ ㄩ⭡ 㜭⸍⭥㷵 ⩚㷙䯵㯽䯙⤕ 㜭㥥㱑 ⎁䯝 ㆹ䯮䲺㷁䌙㷍㱑㺖㷙䯝㠎㞲㷵㳹㷙㠎㞲㷅䒢㺖䯙⤕ ㆹ䯮㷽㽽 1HR㷁㾒㯚⊓㷅㷙㉹䯩 5 㷁㺝㜭㐅㶅 ⍅㢙⻝㞝㺅䌵㜭⻁㢙㷙 ⢅㺂 ⊓ 㾒㷙 ⊓㷅㷙㉹䯩 5 㷁㺝㜭㐅㶅 ⍅㢙⻝㞝㺅䌵㜭⻁㢙㷙 ⢅㺂 ⊓ 㾒㷙 ⊓㷅㷙㉹䯩

䊩 ⧹䦍㷵㻱㜭㱑㞝䊩 ⧹䦍㷵㻱㜭 ⌱⍽⿽ ⒱㊙㶽⻝㺅ㆹ⊁⭥㷙㷙⌭㱑 ⮱ⷽ 䩊⊁䁁䫝㷙㞹㐁 ㆹ䯮㷅㢙㺖䯵䏝㼆㺂㶽⻝ ⊝㷙㞹㐁 ㆹ䯮㷅 ✩⌽⥥ 㷵䵅〭䕥䤹 0MOIVX WGEI 㺑䌚⩅⻝㺅ㆹ⊁⿽ ⦁㝂㶽⻝㞥 ㆹ 㻱㜭⿽ 䁅䰊䰉⥥ ⊂ 㞹㐁 ㆹ䯮㱑 ⦁䯝䩊②䓙⿽ 㐅㞞䯝 ⌱⍽ 㱮㜭zㆹ䳕 ⎁⺩䁁㠎㺂 ⎁⺩㺒⑽㞲 ⎁⺩ ⍶⍶ ⎁⺩㯉㺅 ⎁⺩㉹⎁ 㻱䳕 ⎁⺩㢝㷵⥥ 䊩 ⧹䦍㷵㻱㜭 ⌱⍽㱑 ⮱⿵ヵ ⊝ 㞹㐁 ㆹ䯮㷙 ':6㢙䓙⤕ ㄩ⫑ 㷵㝂㶽⻝㺂䯪䯙⍡ ㆹ䯮䎞㺑㝂⎁㷁䫝㾁⊓ ⩅⥭䰉⥥ 㺅

ᦥ᜽ᦥॵᯱᯙ ᦥ⋕ᯕቭ

㱱㜰zㆼ䳘⋴〰 ⍁⎄㷜 ⍹⍹⮘㸔㷼䩍⊄䁄䫠㱔 ⎄䯠㱴⏰

䫠㺈ㆼ⊄ 䊬 ⧼䦐㷸㻴㜰 ⌴⎀ 2! 䩍⊄䯱ㄭ㺕⒀㞵 ⎄⺬㯌㺈 ⎄⺬㱱㜰ㆼ 䳘 ⎄⺬䁄㠑㺅 ⎄⺬ ⍹⍹ ⎄⺬㉼⎄ 㻴䳘 ⎄⺬

㌌䲼 % % % % & & & & ' ' ' ' ( ( ) ) ) ) ) * * * *

㞼㐄䯱ㄭ ⋴〰㷜㍸䰍 ⍹⊈ ㊓䊬⹍ 䠹⻠㵔䳠䯜⌐ 䳙㍸㤁⌐ 㺕䯤㢜㸌⍤ ㊭ㆼ䯤㢜㸌⤘ ⍹⊈⎀ ⍁⎄ ㄬ⭤ 㷸㴭㸔㳄㸩㯤㷼㷸㊭ㆼ ⊄⤩䯠 ⍹⊈ ⦄㾕⏔䠹⎀ 䁅⊈㺕㺅㷀⻠㱴⌴⪜⤘ 㥠㞨㇀⻠㺕⒀㷈㊭䯸䯜⤘ 㴘㷼㷸✜ 㸩㯤㴘㠐㺠⋴ ⋴〰㷜㜰⊅䁄⦄ 㺠⋴䯜⍤ ⊔㥠㊓㌘㽈㲌㊭⎀ ⎄⺬⪠ ⮘㸔㷼㞨䓜 ⩈⻠㱔㉼⛈⺀㊭䁄㊓䨼〰䯠㜰㴭㷈㶈䯠㥠㞨㇀㞨䓜㺅㺌䯠㰀⊈ 㻴ㄉ㷜㊡⒴ 㻴㺌 ⏔䊬⻠ ⍤⺨䯜㱰䴥⥬㍸⩈㳄 ⍁⍤ㆼ 㞨䓜㍸䰍⻠㳄㸔⩝䊬㴸䰍 ⩈⻠㷜㺅⥽䯠㯌㺈⋴〰㶤䁄㾀㊀⭨⻠䯜㱰⒌ 䁄㱱㱱㜰ㆼ䳘㷜㺙䌸㞵㷈 ⊄䁄⩈⻡䯤㢜㸌⤘ ⍹⍹⍹⊈ ⒴㻸㷜㱱㜰ㆼ䳘㸔㜴㱔 ⦄䯠㍸䲼㳄䳠㴭㷈䠹䯸 ⩈㥠 ⍁㹅⺩䰩㝅 ⮘㸔㷼㷈䠹䯸䁄㱱㱱㜰ㆼ䳘㷜䤽㞵㷈 ⊙䳘䯜㱰䁄㱱 ㆼ䳘㷜䳠㞵䳘㶤⩈ 䐙㺠㊓ ㆼ䳘䰍㜰 ⊠䏠 ✸⏰㞵㷸㸌⍤ ⏔䌸䯜⒴ 㣰㴸㠐㸰㜰㴭㸰⽐㷜㜰㴭㢜ㄉ⎀ 㶤䁄㊓㍸㢜㓈㴭 ⍤⺨ ⍁⎄ 㥡㝡㷈 ⍤⺨䯜㱰䓠䳜⍁ 㠐㸰㜰㴭 ⥨ㆼ䳘㷼㥡㷈䩰㴭䯜⍤ 㜰䴐 ⊅⍈ ⥨㰕䯠 ✜⸀㷜㜰⸐⭨㱔⌐ 㺅䯭㯈⩝ ⟼㷼㸩㯤㷼 ⭵㱔⌐ 㺅䯭䯠 ⍹⍹㥠㞨㇀䐭㐈䯠䶸㥡 ⍹⊈ 䶸㥡㥠㞨㶈㝡㥠㞨 ⭵㷈㺠⍹ ⒴⤩ ㊓䳠㴭⩈⊄ 䰩㝅⪠ 䨼〰䯠 ⍹⍹㥠㞨㇀㺠⍹ ㄬ⭤ 㜰⸐⭨㷸㰼㺠⭤䁄㜰㴭䯤㢜㸌⍤ 㠐䠹䯤㢜㸌⤘ ⍹⊈ 㾀㍄ ⍁⎄⎀ 㰸㴼〰⤘ 䲙䝠㊓ ①ㄬ ⌼㓈㾀㍄䳜⍁⎀ 㻴䳘⪠ 㝍㝅⎀ 㠐㸰㷜㜰㴭㥠⊅㺅㷼㥰㉼⊔㷈㾀⤘ ⊄⻠㍄ ⋸䐙㇀㷜㸉ヸ㥠㞨㇀㸔䌸㺅㷀⻠䌸⍈㺅㷸⍤ 䫠㾄䳘⪠ ⮘㸔㷼䋈䝡 ⋴〰㳄㻴䳘⪠ 㥠⊅ と䌸㷜䲙㥡

':6 䩍⑤ 䫠㾄㾕㯝䨼䊬 ⊖

ㆼ䯱䎡㺔㝅⎄

㼉䯭䩍⑤

䫠㺈ㆼ⊄ 䊬 ⧼䦐㷸㻴㜰 ⌴⎀ 2! 䩍⊄䯱ㄭ㺕⒀㞵 ⎄⺬㯌㺈 ⎄⺬㱱㜰ㆼ䳘 ⎄⺬䁄㠑㺅 ⎄⺬ ⍹⍹ ⎄⺬㉼⎄ 㻴䳘 ⎄⺬

㌌䲼 % % % % & & & & ' ' ' ( ( ) ) ) * * *

㞼㐄䯱ㄭ

':6 䩍⑤

⋴〰㷜㍸䰍 ⍹⊈ ㊓䊬⹍ 䠹⻠㵔䳠䯜⌐ 䳙㍸㤁⌐ 㺕䯤㢜㸌⍤ ㊭ㆼ䯤㢜㸌⤘ ⍹⊈⎀ ⍁⎄ ㄬ⭤ 㷸㴭㸔㳄㸩㯤㷼㷸㊭ㆼ ⊄⤩䯠 ⍹⊈ ⦄㾕⏔䠹⎀ 䁅⊈㺕㺅㷀⻠㱴⌴⪜⤘ 㥠㞨㇀⻠㺕⒀㷈㊭䯸䯜⤘ 㴘㷼㷸✜ 㸩㯤㴘㠐㺠⋴ ⋴〰㷜㜰⊅䁄⦄ 㺠⋴䯜⍤ ⊔㥠㊓㌘㽈㲌㊭⎀ ⎄⺬⪠ ⮘㸔㷼㞨䓜 ⩈⻠㱔㉼⛈⺀㊭䁄㊓䨼〰䯠㜰㴭㷈㶈䯠㥠㞨㇀㞨䓜㺅㺌䯠㰀⊈ 㻴ㄉ㷜㊡⒴ 㻴㺌 ⏔䊬⻠ ⍤⺨䯜㱰䴥⥬㍸⩈㳄 ⍁⍤ㆼ 㞨䓜㍸䰍⻠㳄㸔⩝䊬㴸䰍 ⩈⻠㷜㺅⥽䯠㯌㺈⋴〰㶤䁄㾀㊀⭨⻠䯜㱰⒌ 䁄㱱㱱㜰ㆼ䳘㷜㺙䌸㞵㷈 ⊄䁄⩈⻡䯤㢜㸌⤘ ⍹⍹⍹⊈ ⒴㻸㷜㱱㜰ㆼ䳘㸔㜴㱔 ⦄䯠㍸䲼㳄䳠㴭㷈䠹䯸 ⩈㥠 ⍁㹅⺩䰩㝅 ⮘㸔㷼㷈䠹䯸䁄㱱㱱㜰ㆼ䳘㷜䤽㞵㷈 ⊙䳘䯜㱰䁄㱱 ㆼ䳘㷜䳠㞵䳘㶤⩈ ✸⏰㞵㷸㸌⍤ ⏔䌸䯜⒴ 㣰㴸㠐㸰㜰㴭㸰⽐㷜㜰㴭㢜ㄉ⎀ 㶤䁄㊓㍸㢜㓈㴭 ⍤⺨ ⍁⎄ 㥡㝡㷈 ⍤⺨䯜㱰䓠䳜⍁ 㠐㸰㜰㴭䐭㐈䯠䶸㥡 ⍹⊈ 䶸㥡㥠㞨㶈㝡㥠㞨 ⭵㷈㺠⍹ ⒴⤩ ㊓䳠㴭⩈⊄ 䰩㝅⪠ 䨼〰䯠 ⍹⍹㥠㞨㇀㺠⍹ ⥨ㆼ䳘㷼㥡㷈䩰㴭䯜㱰ㄬ⭤ 㜰⸐⭨㷸㸔㶤⻱⌐ 㜰㴭䯜⍤ ⏔⿜䯤㢜㸌⤘ ⍹⊈㷸⥨ 㾀㍄ ⍁⎄⎀ 㰸㴼〰⤘ 䲙䝠㊓ ①ㄬ ⌼㓈㾀㍄䳜⍁⎀ 㻴䳘⪠ 㝍㝅⎀ 㠐㸰㷜㜰㴭㥠㞨㇀㸔䌸㺅㷀⻠䌸⍈㺅㷸⍤ 䫠㾄䳘⪠ ⮘㸔㷼䋈䝡 ⋴〰㳄㻴䳘⪠ 㥠⊅ と䌸㷜䲙㥡

䫠㾄䨼䊬

㾕㯝 ⊖

ㆼ䯱䎡㺔㝅⎄

㼉䯭䩍⑤

ㆹ⊁ ⦁㝂㶽⻝䊩 ⧹䦍㷵㻱㜭⿽ 䁅䰊䯙㱭 ⊝ 䩊⊁

䁁䫝㾒㺅䌵㞹㐁 ㆹ䯮㷙㯉㺖⩅ WXEFMPMX] ⤕ ㄩ⫑

䁁䫝㳁 ⊝ 㞹㐁 ㆹ䯮㷅㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁ ⍶⍶ ⮕

㷵䯙⥥ 䊩 ⧹䦍㷵㷙㯉㺖⩅ 䏝㠍䓙⤕ 䏝⦁䓙⤕

㸑㷹䩊⊁䁁䫝⻝㺖䰉⥥ 䊩 ⧹䦍㷵㻱㜭㷙㞹㐁㢙䓙

㷵⍡ 䊩 ⧹䦍㷵㷙㯉㺖⩅ 䏝㠍䓙⤕ 䏝⦁䓙

⤕ ?䫝 A㳁 ⊚⥥

⤕ 㷵⥥ 䊩 ⧹䦍㷵㯉㺖⩅ 㐅㞞 ⌱⍽㳁㓅⏑䰉㷅 ⯍ 㺅㊙㺂㶽⻝䯙ⷾ㞹⿽ ㍵㷵ヱ䩊② 㷵䯙⥥ ⮱ⷽ

⧼䦐㷸 (IPTLM 㻴㜰 ⌴⎀㷜 ⌄䀡

㞝䊩 ⧹䦍㷵㞥ㆹ㻱㜭⊁ 㐉䯅㴕䯙⥥⍡ 䦑⥩䯡㢙㸉

䊩䊩 ⧹䦍㷵 (IPTLM 㻱㜭 ⌱⍽㱑 ⮱⿵ヵ䩊⊁

⥥ 䊩䊩㻱㜭 ⌱⍽⿽ ⌁䀞䯙⒱ 㶅䯵 z 䊩 ⧹䦍㷵

䯠⏱䗜䟔䒤䯝䴐⠀ㆼ䁄 :SP 2S

㻱㜭 ⌱⍽㷙䝁⥺⩅ :EPMHMX] ⿽ 㓅⏑䰉⥥

㻲䰉⥥

䝁⥺⩅㷙 ⌁䀞㐅㞞㷁㢙⺵⩅㳁䯪㷙⩅⻝ ⏭㞲⪙㰵

z 䊩 ⧹䦍㷵㷙㻱㜭 ⌱⍽ ⌁䀞㷅䠶䯵㼆䯪 ⌁䀞 ⌱

㸉㶽ヱ㢙⺵⩅⊁ 㱑 ⊁ⓞ⍡ 䯪㷙⩅⊁ 㱑 ⊁Ⓧ㴹㢙⻞

⍽⤕ 㺒⑽㞲 ⎁⺩ ⊝ 㞹㐁 ㆹ䯮㯉㺅 ⎁⺩ ⊝ 㞹㐁

ㆹ㺝⊁ 䝁⥺䯙⥥⍡ ㍽㢙㸉⥥ z 䊩 ⧹䦍㷵㻱㜭 ⌱⍽

ㆹ䯮㱮㜭zㆹ䳕 ⎁⺩ ⊝ ㆹ䯮䁁㠎㺂 ⎁⺩ ⊝ 㞹㐁

㓅⏑⿽ 䠶䯵 ⊂ 䩊⊁ 㴕㠍㾒䯪㷙⩅㳁㢙⺶⩅⊁ ⊝㞡

ㆹ䯮 ⍶⍶ ⎁⺩ ⊝ 㞹㐁 ㆹ䯮㉹⎁ 㻱䳕 ⎁⺩ ⊝ 㞹

⪝ ⌄㷅㯍㢙㸉⥥ 㷵⤕ 㺅ㆹ⊁⭥㷙㷙⌭㷵㷽䓙䯙⍡

㐁 ㆹ䯮㷵⥥ ⮱ⷽ㞝 ⊝ 䩊⊁ ㆹ䯮⍽ ⊝ 䩊⊁ 㞹㐁

䝁⥺⩅⊁ 㓅⏑㺂 ⠓⥥⍡ 㞥ㄆ䯝⥥ ㍹㱱⏭㱑䊹㱭䯝

ㆹ䯮㷁ㄩ⫑ 䝁⥺䯙⥥ 㝂㞹 ✵㴪㷁 ?䫝 A㳁 ⊚⥥

㺅ㆹ⊁ 㢙⤕ 䎞ㄆ㶽⻝ ':6䏝㠍䓙 ⒱㾁㷁㜮㺝䏝㠍䓙⤕ 㷙 ㆹ䯮㍵⥥ 㸒⥥ z 䊩 ⧹䦍㷵㻱㜭

䝔㝍㺅㴘㷼㐈㞡

㷙 ':6㢙䓙㍁䳕⿽ ㍵ヵ㯍㢙㸉⥥ 䊩 ⧹䦍㷵㻱㜭

㍹㱱⏭⤕ ⧹䦍㷵 (IPTLM 㻱㜭⿽ 㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾

㱑㞝 ':6 㢙䓙⊁ 㐅ㄆ三䀞⊁䰉㶽ヱ㷵⤕ 䊩 ⧹䦍㷵

⎁ ⍶⍶ ⮕㸑㷹䩊⊁䁁䫝⿽ ⩅䐝䯙⤕ ㊪㌖㶽⻝䳝㴪䯝

㻱㜭 ⌱⍽⊁ 䊩㻱㜭 ⌱⍽㍵⥥ ⧕㴲䝁⥺䯙⥥⍡ ⌁䀞

⥥ 䩊⊁䁁䫝㳁 ⊂ 㞹㐁 ㆹ䯮㷙㺂㺉㞲㷅㍵㸦䯙⒱ 㶅

䰉⥥

䯵䊩 ⧹䦍㷵㻱㜭 ⌱⍽ 䵅䝑㝊㺂㴕㷹㐅㞞

'VSRFEGL ʒ㷙㢙䓙⊁ ⠓㷅㢙⻞㥡⼱⩅⤕ 㺑㺑䯙ⷾ

)\TPSVEXSV JEGXSV EREP]WMW 㷅䁅䰊䰉⥥ 䝑㝊㺂㴕

䯝⥥ z 䊩 ⧹䦍㷵㻱㜭㱑㞝 'VSRFEGL ʒ㷙㢙䓙⤕

㷹㐅㞞㷁䩊⊁䁁䫝㷙 ⊂ ㍁㢙䩊⊁ ㆹ䯮⍽ 㞹㐁 ㆹ䯮

ㄩ⫑ 㷵㝂㷵⥥ ʒ⍅㢙⊁ 㷵㝂㷵⋱✙ b

㱑㯉㺖㺂㷹㷽䓙㞲⍽ 㶡䴩㞲㷵㻵㸭䯙⤕䁁䒢㺖䯙⒱

㷵ヵ㰒䲹䯝䨹㷵ヱ b ⩅ 䱉㴪䯡㢙㸉⥥ き㷽

㶅䯵㍹㱱⏭㱑㞝 ⩅䐝䯝䩊⊁䁁䫝⿽ 㸭⌁䀞䰉⥥ ⲑ䯝

㉹き㷵ⷽヵ㷵⤕ 㢙㺖䯵㯽䯝⥥ 䊩 ʒ⊓㷙㐅㞞

7477 㠍䮅䤹㵩㰵⿽ 䳝㴪䯙㱭䩊⊁ ㆹ䯮⍽ 㞹㐁 ㆹ䯮

⌱⍽㱑 ⮱⿵ヵ㥡⼱⩅⊁ 㷵㝂㶽⻝㴕⏭ 㜭䯮㷅き

⫑ ㍁㢙㱑 ⦁䯵 ⌁䀞㷅䁅䰊䰉⥥ 䗕⻝✙ 㷙㲂䰦㶽

䫠 ⧼䦐㷸 (IPTLP 㻴㜰 ⌴⎀㷜 ⌄䀡䩍⊄䯱ㄭ

㞼㐄䯱ㄭ

% % % % & & 㯌㺈 ⎄⺬ & & ' 㱱㜰ㆼ䳘 ' ⎄⺬ ' ' ( 䁄㠑㺅 ⎄⺬ ( ) ) ⍹⍹ ⎄⺬ ) ) ) * ㉼⎄ 㻴䳘 * ⎄⺬ * * 㺕⒀㞵 ⎄⺬

䊬 ⧼䦐㷸㻴㜰

䊬 ⧼䦐㷸㻴㜰㍄䳘

':6

㯌㺙⩈ 䀡⊔

㢜⺸⩈ 䀡⊔

䯭㷜⩈ 䀡⊔ ߣ

빽

㯌㺙⩈

㢜⺸⩈

䯭㷜⩈

㯌㺙⩈

㢜⺸⩈

䯭㷜⩈

䊬

빽

㍄䳘

빽

㥤⼴⩈ 'VSRFEGL ʓ 䊬䊬 ⊠ ⊠

ᦥ᜽ᦥॵᯱᯙ ᦥ⋕ᯕቭ

㱱㜰zㆼ䳘⋴〰 ⍁⎄㷜 ⍹⍹⮘㸔㷼䩍⊄䁄䫠㱔 ⎄䯠㱴⏰

䫠䝔㝍㺅㴘㷼㐈㞡㌌䲼

㞼㐄䯱ㄭ摤䎡 ⊠摥

% ⋴〰㷜㍸䰍 ⍹⊈ ㊓䊬⹍ 䠹⻠㵔䳠䯜⌐ 䳙㍸ % 㤁⌐ 㺕䯤㢜㸌⍤ ㊭ㆼ䯤㢜㸌⤘ ⍹⊈⎀ ⍁⎄ % ㄬ⭤ 㷸㴭㸔㳄㸩㯤㷼㷸㊭ㆼ ⊄⤩䯠 ⍹⊈ ⦄㾕⏔䠹⎀ 䁅⊈㺕㺅㷀⻠㱴⌴⪜⤘ 㥠㞨㇀⻠㺕⒀ % 㷈㊭䯸䯜⤘ 㴘㷼㷸✜ 㸩㯤㴘㠐㺠⋴ ⋴〰㷜㜰⊅䁄⦄ 㺠⋴䯜⍤ ⊔㥠㊓㌘㽈㲌㊭⎀ & ⎄⺬⪠ ⮘㸔㷼㞨䓜 ⩈⻠㱔㉼⛈⺀㊭䁄㊓䨼〰䯠㜰㴭㷈㶈䯠㥠㞨㇀ & 㞨䓜㺅㺌䯠㰀⊈ 㻴ㄉ㷜㊡⒴ 㻴㺌 & ⏔䊬⻠ ⍤⺨䯜㱰䴥⥬㍸⩈㳄 ⍁⍤ㆼ 㞨䓜㍸䰍⻠㳄㸔⩝䊬㴸䰍 ⩈⻠㷜㺅⥽䯠㯌㺈⋴〰㶤 & 䁄㾀㊀⭨⻠䯜㱰⒌ 䁄㱱㱱㜰ㆼ䳘㷜㺙䌸㞵㷈 ⊄䁄⩈ ' ⻡䯤㢜㸌⤘ ⍹⍹⍹⊈ ⒴㻸㷜㱱㜰ㆼ䳘㸔㜴㱔 ⦄䯠㍸䲼㳄䳠㴭㷈䠹䯸 ' ⩈㥠 ⍁㹅⺩䰩㝅 ⮘㸔㷼㷈䠹䯸䁄㱱㱱㜰ㆼ䳘㷜䤽㞵㷈 ⊙䳘䯜㱰 ' 䁄㱱 ㆼ䳘㷜䳠㞵䳘㶤⩈ ✸⏰㞵㷸㸌⍤ ⏔䌸䯜⒴ 㣰㴸㠐㸰㜰㴭㸰⽐㷜 ( 㜰㴭㢜ㄉ⎀ 㶤䁄㊓㍸㢜㓈㴭 ⍤⺨ ( ⍁⎄ 㥡㝡㷈 ⍤⺨䯜㱰䓠䳜⍁ 㠐㸰㜰㴭 ) 䐭㐈䯠䶸㥡 ⍹⊈ 䶸㥡㥠㞨㶈㝡㥠㞨 ⭵㷈㺠⍹ ) ⒴⤩ ㊓䳠㴭⩈⊄ 䰩㝅⪠ 䨼〰䯠 ⍹⍹㥠㞨㇀㺠⍹ ⥨ㆼ䳘㷼㥡㷈䩰㴭䯜㱰ㄬ⭤ 㜰⸐⭨㷸㸔㶤⻱⌐ ) 㜰㴭䯜⍤ ⏔⿜䯤㢜㸌⤘ ⍹⊈㷸⥨ * 㾀㍄ ⍁⎄⎀ 㰸㴼〰⤘ 䲙䝠㊓ ①ㄬ ⌼㓈 * 㾀㍄䳜⍁⎀ 㻴䳘⪠ 㝍㝅⎀ 㠐㸰㷜㜰㴭㥠㞨㇀㸔䌸㺅㷀⻠䌸⍈㺅㷸⍤ 䫠㾄䳘⪠ ⮘㸔㷼 * 䋈䝡 ⋴〰㳄㻴䳘⪠ 㥠⊅ と䌸㷜䲙㥡

㺕⒀㞵 ⎄⺬

㯌㺈 ⎄⺬

䩍⊄䯱ㄭ㱱㜰ㆼ䳘䁄㠑㺅 ⎄⺬ ⎄⺬

⍹⍹ ⎄⺬

䯱ㄭ㺠⋴ 㥠 'VSRFEG ㉼⎄ 㻴䳘 'VSRFEGL W LW ⎄⺬

/13㳄 &EVXPIXX ⌄䀡

䓸㷸㺠⍵ ⌄㺙 HJ 7MK

&EVXPIXX ⏰䲙㞵 ⌄䀡

⻝ ⟅ 㵕㷽㐁䞱 ⟅ 㵕㷽㷽⊅ ㄆ㷙 ⮕㸑㷹㺅⍶ 䯚㐁㝞㞞㜭㊐㊖㜭⿽ ⦁㝂㶽⻝

㞞㱑㺂䯪䯙⥥ ⫙䁹㐅㞞 ⍽㺖㱑㞝㽽䐖㴕㷹㐅䯵㌖ 4VMRGMTEP

㲩ⷽ㷹㞥ㆹ㻱㜭⿽ 䁅䰊䯙⍡ ⊝㷙㷒⥶䁁⿽ 䴍㢙䰉

*EGXSV %REP]WMW 㷅䠶䯵㐅㜱䏝⦁ ㌡〭て㤥㴕㷹䴍

⥥ 䝑㝊㺂㴕㷹㐅㞞㷙㝂㞹 ✵㴪㷁 ?䫝 A⍽ ⊚⥥

㺅㶽⻝㷹㸑䴍㺅㷅䁅䰊䰉⍡ ⊝ 㞹㐁 ㆹ䯮㷹㸑⿽

ソ㺁㴕㷹㐅㞞㷅䠶䯵㶡䴩㞲㷅㐅㞞䰉⤕⧱ 㴕㷹㐅

⊝ 䩊⊁ ㆹ䯮㶽⻝㐅⿙䯵 ⊂ ㆹ䯮㷙㐁䯙⊁ ㍵⥥

㞞㻱⋵ き㻲㱭㐁⿽ 䦑⥩䰉⥥ 㷽㊙㺂㶽⻝ /13 ⊓㷵

䛭⍡ ⊂ ㆹ䯮㷙㞹㐁 ㆹ䯮㷁䩊②㺂㶽⻝㷵⻡㱑 ⮱ⷽ

㍵⥥ 䛭⍡ &EVXPIXX ⏭䲖㞲 ⌁䀞㷙㶡㷙㞲㷵㍵

䯝⍴㱑ㄩ㱭㸉㱉⥥ ⲑ䯝㞹㐁 ㆹ䯮㷙 ⥩䯮㜮㺝䵅

⥥ 㸒㯅㯽䯝⥥ ⫑ ⊁䁁㻱⋵㷅き㻲䯝⥥ヵ㍁⹊ ⊅ 㓅

'VSRFEGL ʒ㢙䓙㳁䩊② ㆹ䯮㷙 'VSRFEGL ʒ㢙䓙⤕

⏑㺂 ⊖䯝 ⎁⺩㞲㷵㸉⍡ 㴕㷹㐅㞞㱑㺂䯪䯙⥥⍡ 䯡

㷵㝂㷵⥥ ʒ⊓㷙㐅㞞 ⌱⍽⿽ 䠶䯵㷵㞥ㆹ㻱㜭㷙

㢙㸉⥥ ⌁䀞 ⌱⍽㱑 ⮱⿵ヵ㻱㜭㢙䓙㷙 /13 ⌁䀞

㥡⼱⩅⊁ 㰒䲹䯝䨹㸅㷅㯍㢙㸉㱉⥥ ⊝ 㞹㐁 ㆹ䯮

⊓㷁⻝㍵⥥ 䛭⥥ 㷵⿽ 䠶䯵䯵⥺ 㞥ㆹ㻱㜭

㷁 ⊝ 䩊⊁ ㆹ䯮㷅 ⩚㷽䯙⌍ 㐅⿙䰉⍡ 㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭

⊁ 㴕㷹㐅㞞㱑㺂䯪䯝 ⌄㷅㯍㢙㸉⥥

⌾⎁ ⍶⍶ ⮕㸑㷹㷙䩊⊁䁁䫝⊁ 㺂䯪䯙⥥⍡ ⥥㥝䯝㌉

&EVXPIXX ⏭䲖㞲 ⌁䀞 ⌱⍽㱑 ⮱⿵ヵ䓵㷵㸑㤺 ⌁䀞 'LM 7UYEVIH 8IWX 㷁⻝㢙䓙⊁ 㓅⏑㺂䛭 ⍡ 㶡㷙㞲䳖⿡㷵摡4 㷵⥥ ⮱ⷽ㞝㴕㷹㐅

⌁䀞䰉⥥

䯠⏱䗜䟔䒤䯝䴐⠀ㆼ䁄 :SP 2S

%,4 㐈㞡㷜㊭㌙

㷽⎁㞲㷵㶡䁁⪝⥥⍡ 䦑⥩䯝⥥ き㯾 '6㷵㷵㝂㷽

⟅⦁㱑 ⊝㊝⪝ ⍅䒶㐅㞞㌖ %REP]XMG ,MIVEGL]

⯍⤕ 㷵✵ ⊓㷵 ✙㲭 ⯍Ⓧ䁁㊙㍶㺂㶽⻝䩊⊁䯵㯽

4VSGIWW 㷁㷙㜭⌱㺖㱑㸉㰵㍶㸢䯝 ㆹ㺝㝂䳪㷙 ⏭㞲

䯝⥥? A ⎁⺩ ✵㴪㷁 ?⑹〽 A⍽ ⊚⥥

㴕㠍 ⊅㱑㝂䲹㷙㻵㞲㷅 ⑹〽㶽⻝ ⏭㻱䳕 ⍅䒶䳕䯙㱭 ⟽〭㺂㷹䦑⥩⍽ 䁂⎁ ⊑㺖 ⑹〭⍡ ⌾䱙Ⓧ䁁⩅ 䯩╙ ⍡⺥䯙㱭㷙㜭⌱㺖㷅䯙⤕ ⒱㌖㶽⻝㞝㯅㽽㍶㸢䯝䲅㝂㷅 ⥥⽩⤕⧱ 㸉㰵䴩⍽㺂㷹㊪㌖㶽⻝㯍⺥㺹㸉㰵

⑼぀ %,4⒴㌙㱔㞠 '-㳄 '6㷜 ⍈㜴 ⍹㥡? A

6- 6ERHSQ -RHI\ 䩍⑤ ㆸ㸕㶈䁄㢜 b ⓐ䁄㷜㢜䓜㸈㷜㞨㺙䯜㱰㱱㢜䰍⺰㷈㸕㞵䯜⍤ 㷸㷜䩍⑤ 㸀⎄㞵䁄㢜㜴䐠䯠 ⊖ 㸀⎄ 㞵㷜䱌㴭䯠⩈ ✜䝄❈ Ł 䰍⺰㷜 ⊄㸩䛴 ⍤㶤䓜 R摶⊅ ⍈䒹㱔䩰䯬⪠ 䯱ㄭ㷜㢜

㴱㞡㢝㶅⿽ 㺖䯙⤕ 㾒㴕⩅ 㐅㞞㱑づ㴱䳝㊝三㜭㴪⪙ ⍡ 㸉⤕ ⒱㌖㷵⥥? A %,4⒱㌖㷅㥥䰊䯙⤕ 䌬㌉䁹 ⥩⍅⤕ 㺖䋆 ⌱㺖䒶㷙 ⏭㻱⿽ き⭝⤕ ⌄㷵⥥ ⫑ ㌉䁹 ⤕ 㺅ㆹ⊁㱑 ⦁䯝㞥ㆹ㻱㜭㳁 ⧱㷵䞱㸑⽍ ⊂ ⍅䒶㍅䯮ㄪ ⊅㷙 ⦁㻱㐅㞞㷅䁅䰊䯙⤕ ⌄㷵ヱ㞹㌉䁹⤕ 7477 㠍䮅䤹㵩㰵⿽ 㜭㴪䯙㱭 ⊂ 䯮ㄪ ⊅ 㓅⏑ ⊁㾒䓙 ⿽ 㜱䐝䯙⍡ 㷵⿽ 䠶䯵䁁䫝䯮ㄪ⍽ 㞹㐁䯮ㄪ㷙㾒㴕⩅ 㳁㴱㞡㢝㶅⿽ ⌱㺖䯙⤕ ⌄㷵⥥ 䤺三㐅㞞 ⌱⍽㱑 ⦁ 䯵㷽⎁㞲㓅㶩 'SRWMWXIRG] 6EXMS 㷅䠶䯵㥡⼱㞲㷙

㷵䵅 ⍅䒶⏭㻱㱑㞝ㄩ⭡ 䁁䫝㳁㞹㐁䯮ㄪ㷙㝂⦁㺂㾒㴕⩅⿽ ⊂⊂ 㓅⏑䰉⥥ ⲑ䯝㝂㶅⍅䒶㷙㾒㴕⩅㱑㝂㶅⍅䒶㷵㠎䯝䯙㶅㞹㐁䯮ㄪ㷙㾒㴕⩅⿽ ⍲䯙㱭㼆䯪㾒㴕⩅⿽ ⍅㜱䯙㱭ㄩ⭡ 䁁䫝㳁䯮ㄪ㷵㼆䯪⪝ 㾒㴕⩅ 㳁㴱㞡㢝㶅⿽ ⩅䐝䰉⥥

㱭㐁⿽ 䦑⥩䯵㯽䯝⥥? A

%,4 㐈㞡㾕㴘⩈㳄㴴㞤㢠㶈

㍹㱱⏭㷙䁁䫝㳁㞹㐁䯮ㄪ㷙 ⍅䒶⏭㻱⤕ 㯅⸙ ?䫝 A⍽ ⊚⥥ ⍅㜱㌖㷁㷽㊙㺂㶽⻝ '6 ⊓㷵㷵✵㷽 ⯍ 㷒⥶㷙

⫑ 䊩⻁㷙 ⧹䦍㷵㻱㜭⿽ ㊕䝖㶽⻝䏝㼆 ⩅䐝⪝ 㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁ ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷙䩊⊁䁁䫝㳁㷹㸑㐅㞞㱑 ⒱䎉䯙㱭 ⊁㾒䓙⿽ ⩅䐝䯙⤕ ⧱ 㸉㰵㞝 %,4⒱㌖㷅

䫠䩍⊄䁄䫠 ⊈㷜 ⍈䒹⏰㻴ㄭ䫠

㝅㶈 ⍈䒹

䯜㶈 ⍈䒹 E ⋴〰㷜㍸䰍 ⍹⊈ ㊓䊬⹍ 䠹⻠㵔䳠䯜⌐ 䳙㍸

㱱㜰 z ㆼ 䳘 ⋴ 〰 ⍁ ⎄ 㷜 ⍹ ⍹ ⮘ 㸔㷼䩍 ⊄ 䁄䫠

% 㺕⒀㞵 ⎄⺬

E 㤁⌐ 㺕䯤㢜㸌⍤ ㊭ㆼ䯤㢜㸌⤘ ⍹⊈⎀ ⍁⎄ E ㄬ⭤ 㷸㴭㸔㳄㸩㯤㷼㷸㊭ㆼ ⊄⤩䯠 ⍹⊈ E ⦄㾕⏔䠹⎀ 䁅⊈㺕㺅㷀⻠㱴⌴⪜⤘ 㥠㞨㇀⻠㺕⒀㷈㊭䯸䯜⤘ 㴘㷼㷸✜ 㸩㯤㴘㠐㺠⋴ F ⋴〰㷜㜰⊅䁄⦄ 㺠⋴䯜⍤ ⊔㥠㊓㌘㽈㲌㊭⎀ ⎄⺬⪠ ⮘㸔㷼㞨䓜

& 㯌㺈 ⎄⺬

F ⩈⻠㱔㉼⛈⺀㊭䁄㊓䨼〰䯠㜰㴭㷈㶈䯠㥠㞨㇀㞨䓜㺅㺌䯠㰀⊈ 㻴ㄉ㷜㊡⒴ 㻴㺌 F ⏔䊬⻠ ⍤⺨䯜㱰䴥⥬㍸⩈㳄 ⍁⍤ㆼ 㞨䓜 F ㍸䰍⻠㳄㸔⩝䊬㴸䰍 ⩈⻠㷜㺅⥽䯠㯌㺈⋴〰㶤䁄 G 㾀㊀⭨⻠䯜㱰⒌ 䁄㱱㱱㜰ㆼ䳘㷜㺙䌸㞵㷈 ⊄䁄⩈⻡䯤㢜㸌⤘ ⍹⍹⍹⊈

' 㱱㜰ㆼ䳘 ⎄⺬

G ⒴㻸㷜㱱㜰ㆼ䳘㸔㜴㱔 ⦄䯠㍸䲼㳄䳠㴭㷈䠹䯸 ⩈㥠 ⍁㹅⺩䰩㝅 G ⮘㸔㷼㷈䠹䯸䁄㱱㱱㜰ㆼ䳘㷜䤽㞵㷈 ⊙䳘䯜㱰䁄㱱 ㆼ䳘㷜䳠㞵䳘㶤⩈

( 䁄㠑㺅 ⎄⺬

H ✸⏰㞵㷸㸌⍤ ⏔䌸䯜⒴ 㣰㴸㠐㸰㜰㴭㸰⽐㷜㜰㴭㢜ㄉ⎀ 㶤䁄㊓㍸㢜㓈㴭 ⍤⺨ H ⍁⎄ 㥡㝡㷈 ⍤⺨䯜㱰䓠䳜⍁ 㠐㸰㜰㴭 I 䐭㐈䯠䶸㥡 ⍹⊈ 䶸㥡㥠㞨㶈㝡㥠㞨 ⭵㷈㺠⍹

) ⍹⍹ ⎄⺬

I ⒴⤩ ㊓䳠㴭⩈⊄ 䰩㝅⪠ 䨼〰䯠 ⍹⍹㥠㞨㇀㺠⍹ I ⥨ㆼ䳘㷼㥡㷈䩰㴭䯜㱰ㄬ⭤ 㜰⸐⭨㷸㸔㶤⻱⌐ 㜰㴭䯜⍤ ⏔⿜䯤㢜㸌⤘ ⍹⊈㷸⥨ J 㾀㍄ ⍁⎄⎀ 㰸㴼〰⤘ 䲙䝠㊓ ①ㄬ ⌼㓈

* ㉼⎄ 㻴䳘 ⎄⺬

J 㾀㍄䳜⍁⎀ 㻴䳘⪠ 㝍㝅⎀ 㠐㸰㷜㜰㴭 J 㥠㞨㇀㸔䌸㺅㷀⻠䌸⍈㺅㷸⍤ 䫠㾄䳘⪠ ⮘㸔㷼䋈䝡 ⋴〰㳄㻴䳘⪠ 㥠⊅ と䌸㷜䲙㥡

ᦥ᜽ᦥॵᯱᯙ ᦥ⋕ᯕቭ

㱱㜰zㆼ䳘⋴〰 ⍁⎄㷜 ⍹⍹⮘㸔㷼䩍⊄䁄䫠㱔 ⎄䯠㱴⏰

㴵㴪䯙⍡ 㞥ㆹ ⧱㷵䞱⿽ 䠶䯵䁁䫝䯮ㄪ ⊅ 㝂⦁㺂㷹

䫠㝅㶈⍈䒹䦔⥬䰍⺰㐈㞡⌴⎀

㾒㴕⩅㳁㴱㞡㢝㶅⿽ 㜱㺖䰉⥥ %,4 㺅ㆹ⊁ 㞥ㆹ䁁㺝

㝅㶈⍈䒹䯱ㄭ㉼⎄ 㺕⒀㞵䁄㠑㺅㱱㜰ㆼ 㯌㺈㻴䳘 ⎄⺬ ⎄⺬䳘 ⎄⺬ ⎄⺬ ⎄⺬

㸒㷁〭䕥䤹 0MOIVX WGEPI 㺑䌚⩅⿽ 㜭㴪䰉㶽ヱ㷵 ⿽ 䠶䯵㺅ㆹ⊁㱑 ⦁䯝㞥ㆹ㻱㜭⿽ 㥥㥝䰉⥥ 㻱㜭⤕ ⟅ 㵕㷽㐁䞱㵕㷽Ⓧ䁁㷽⊅ 䁅䰊⪙㱉㶽ヱ ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹 ⌾⎁⮕㸑㷹 ⭲ ⮕㸑㷹㐅㯽㷙㺅ㆹ䁁㥞㷅 ⊗䐙㺅ㆹ⊁ ㄆ㷅 ⦁㝂㶽⻝㺅㸑㴱䨹 ) QEMP ⍽ 㲥䮅ⷽ㷹㊪ㆹ㶽⻝㥥㥝䰉⥥ 㻱㜭⦁㝂㷹㺅ㆹ⊁㳁 ⎁ ⺩⪝ 㺖㍵⤕ ⥥㷍 ?䫝 A⍽ ⊚⥥

⏰㐈㞵㍈㱴⺽

䁅㱉䯝⺩ ⍁⺩ ⒴⊈

✸㴭

✬㞵㱰㞵㞼㷸㝅㞼㉼ぐ㞼㷸㝅㞼㉼ぐ㞼㷸㝅㞼㉼ぐ ⏔㢜 ⎄⺬㺈ㆼ䁅㱴⏰䁅 ⍹ㆸ㵔 ⦄䯝㵔㞡㜰 ⦄䯝㵔㊙㜰 ⟈ 㷸㝅b ⟈ ㉼ぐ ⟈ 㷸㝅b ⟈ ㉼ぐ

ㄉ

䨀㟀䤼摤摥

⟈ 㷸㝅b ⟈ ㉼ぐ

⟈ 㷸㝅

㞥ㆹ㻱㜭㱑㞝⤕ 㱮㜭ㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁ ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷙䩊 ⊁䁁䫝㳁㞹㐁䯮ㄪ㷙 ⍅䒶㞥ㄆ㊐ ⍅䒶⏭㻱⿽ 㺝㥝䰉 ⥥ ㄩ⫑ ⊝㷙 ⍅䒶㶽⻝㝂㶅⍅䒶㷁 ⊝㷙䁁䫝䯙㶅 ⍅䒶㷁 ⊝ 㞹㐁䯮ㄪ㷅䩭䯩䯝⥥ 㞥ㆹ ⌱⍽⤕ 㷽⎁㞲㓅㶩㱑㶡㷙䯵㯽䯙⤕⧱ 㷽⎁㞲㓅㶩 'SRWMWXIRG] 6EXMS 㷵㷵✵㷽 ⯍ 䦑⥩㷙 ⟽〭㺂㷽⎁㞲㷵㸆䀞 ⪙⍡ 㱑 ⊁Ⓧ㴹㢙⻞㷒⥶㸑⭥㷙㷽⎁㞲㷵 ⠓㶽ヱ㥡⼱䯡㢙㸉⥥⤕ ⶼ㷵⥥? A 㝂㶅⍅䒶㱑 ⦁䯝㐅㞞 ⌱⍽ 䩊②ㆵ㸒㶅䁁㢙 6ERHSQ -RHI\ ⤕ 㷵ヱ㷽⎁ 㞲㓅㶩 'SRWMWXIRG] 6EXMS 㷁㉹き㶽⻝㍵ ⥥ ✯㯅㥡⼱䯡㢙㸉㱉⥥ 㝂㶅⍅䒶㷙㓅⏑䯮ㄪ㷁䎞 ⊁䁁䯮ㄪ㶽⻝㾒㴕⩅ 㐅㞞 ⌱⍽ ‫ޙ‬㱮㜭ㆹ䳕 ⎁⺩‫ޚ‬㷙㾒㴕⩅⊁ ⻝ ⊁㸦 ⠓㯙⥥ ‫ޙ‬⍶⍶ ⎁⺩‫ޚ‬㷙㾒㴕⩅⤕ 㷵ヱ ‫ޙ‬㺒⑽㞲 ⎁⺩‫ ޚ‬㾒㴕⩅⤕ 㲁⥥ ‫ޙ‬㯉㺅 ⎁⺩‫ ޚ‬㾒㴕⩅⤕ 㷵ヱ ‫ޙ‬䁁㠎㺂 ⎁⺩‫ ޚ‬㾒㴕⩅⤕

⍹⍹ 㾕㴘⩈ ⎄⺬

㺕⒀㞵 ⎄⺬

䁄㠑㺅 ⎄⺬

㉼⎄ 㻴䳘 ⎄⺬

㱱㜰ㆼ䳘 ⎄⺬

䫠 %,4 㐈㞡㻴㜰䩍⊄㸔 2!

㯌㺈 ⎄⺬

⍹⍹ ⎄⺬

㷵䵅 ‫ޙ‬㺒⑽㞲 ⎁⺩‫ ޚ‬䯙㶅⍅䒶㷙䦑⥩䰊⺭㱑 ⦁䯝㐅㞞㷅䁅䰊䯝 ⌱⍽ 㞹㐁䯮ㄪ㷁ㄩ⫑ ⊝㷵ヱ㷽⎁㞲㓅㶩 'SRWMWXIRG] 6EXMS 㷁⻝㍵⥥ ✯㯅㥡⼱䯡㢙㸉㱉⥥ 㐅㞞 ⌱⍽ E 㞹㐁䯮ㄪ㷹 ‫ޙ‬ㄩ⭡ 㷵㴪㸑㳁㸦㯡㷹㷵㊪ㆹ ⊁⤦䯝 ⍶⊅‫ޚ‬㷙㾒㴕⩅⊁ ⻝ ⊁㸦 ⠓㯙⥥ ⬥㷵㰵 E 㷙㾒㴕⩅⤕ E 㷙㾒㴕⩅⤕ 㷵㱉⥥ ㊙ヵ E ⤕ ⻝㾒㴕⩅⊁ ⊁㸦 ✯ ⌍ ✙䝁✭⥥ 㐅㞞 ⌱⍽㳁 ⎁⺩⪝ ✵㴪㷁㯅⸙ ?䫝 A ⍽ ⊚⥥ 䫠㺕⒀㞵 ⎄⺬䯜㶈⍈䒹㐈㞡 ⌴⎀

E E E E E E E E

䯜㶈⍈䒹䯱ㄭ E E

㾕㴘⩈ Ł

㞼㐄䯱ㄭ㷜 ✸㴭 ⋴〰㷜㍸䰍 ⍹⊈ ㊓䊬⹍ 䠹⻠㵔䳠䯜⌐ 䳙㍸㤁⌐ 㺕䯤㢜㸌⍤ ㊭ㆼ䯤㢜㸌⤘ ⍹⊈⎀ ⍁⎄ ㄬ⭤ 㷸㴭㸔㳄㸩㯤㷼㷸㊭ㆼ ⊄⤩䯠 ⍹⊈ ⦄㾕⏔䠹⎀ 䁅⊈㺕㺅㷀⻠㱴⌴⪜⤘ 㥠㞨㇀⻠㺕⒀㷈㊭䯸䯜⤘ 㴘㷼㷸 ✜ 㸩㯤㴘㠐㺠⋴

㲁⍡ ‫ޙ‬㉹⎁ 㻱䳕 ⎁⺩‫ ޚ‬㾒㴕⩅⤕ 㲁⥥ 㝂㶅⍅䒶䦑⥩䰊⺭㷙 ⍅㜱 ⌱⍽⤕ 㯅⸙ ?䫝 A㳁 ⊚⥥

䯙㶅⍅䒶㞹㐁䯮ㄪ㷙㷽⺩㌉䲹⤕ ?䫝 A㳁 ⊚⥥

䯠⏱䗜䟔䒤䯝䴐⠀ㆼ䁄 :SP 2S

㷵䵅 ‫ޙ‬㯉㺅 ⎁⺩‫ ޚ‬䯙㶅⍅䒶㷙䦑⥩䰊⺭㱑 ⦁䯝㐅㞞㷅

䰊䯝 ⌱⍽ 㞹㐁䯮ㄪ㷁ㄩ⫑ ⊝㷵ヱ㷽⎁㞲㓅㶩

䁅䰊䯝 ⌱⍽ 㞹㐁䯮ㄪ㷁ㄩ⫑ ⊝㷵ヱ㷽⎁㞲㓅㶩

'SRWMWXIRG] 6EXMS 㷁㶽⻝㍵⥥ ✯㯅㥡⼱䯡

'SRWMWXIRG] 6EXMS 㷁㶽⻝㍵⥥ ✯㯅㥡

㢙㸉㱉⥥ 㐅㞞 ⌱⍽ H 㷙㞹㐁䯮ㄪ㷹 ‫⏭㊱ޙ‬㞲㷵㸉⍡

⼱䯡㢙㸉㱉⥥ F 㷙㞹㐁䯮ㄪ㷹 ‫⏑ޙ‬䊩⻝⿽ ⍡⺥䯙㱭

⏑䌵䯙⒱ 㣭㴵㠍㸭㜭㴪㸭⽍㷙㜭㴪㢙ㄆ⍽ 㶡䁁㊐

䴢⥩㍵⩅㳁 ⌾⍡ㆹ 㞥䓙‫ޚ‬㷙㾒㴕⩅⊁ ⻝ ⊁㸦 ⠓

㍵㢙㓅㴪 ⍡⺥‫ޚ‬㷙㾒㴕⩅⊁ ⻝ ⊁㸦 ⠓㯙⥥ ㊙

㯙⥥ ⬥㷵㰵 F 㷙㾒㴕⩅⤕ F 㷁㷵㱉

ヵ H 䯮ㄪ㷁㶽⻝㾒㴕⩅⊁ ⊁㸦 ✯㯙⥥ 㐅㞞

⥥ ㊙ヵ F ⤕ ⻝ ⊁㸦 ✯㯙⥥ 㐅㞞 ⌱⍽㳁 ⎁

⌱⍽㳁 ⎁⺩⪝ ✵㴪㷁㯅⸙ ?䫝 A⍽ ⊚⥥

⺩⪝ ✵㴪㷁㯅⸙ ?䫝 A⍽ ⊚⥥ 䫠䁄㠑㺅 ⎄⺬䯜㶈⍈䒹㐈㞡 ⌴⎀ 䯜㶈⍈䒹䯱ㄭ

䫠㯌㺈 ⎄⺬䯜㶈⍈䒹㐈㞡 ⌴⎀ 䯜㶈⍈䒹䯱ㄭ

⋴〰㷜㜰⊅䁄⦄ 㺠⋴䯜⍤ ⊔㥠㊓㌘㽈㲌㊭⎀ ⎄⺬⪠ ⮘㸔㷼㞨䓜

F F

㾕㴘⩈ Ł

H H H H

㞼㐄䯱ㄭ㷜 ✸㴭

⩈⻠㱔㉼⛈⺀㊭䁄㊓䨼〰䯠㜰㴭㷈㶈䯠㥠㞨㇀㞨䓜㺅㺌䯠㰀⊈ 㻴ㄉ㷜㊡⒴ 㻴㺌 ⏔䊬⻠ ⍤⺨䯜㱰䴥⥬㍸⩈㳄 ⍁⍤ㆼ 㞨䓜

䁅䰊䯝 ⌱⍽ 㞹㐁䯮ㄪ㷁ㄩ⫑ ⊝㷵ヱ㷽⎁㞲㓅㶩 'SRWMWXIRG] 6EXMS 㷁⻝㍵⥥ ✯㯅㥡⼱䯡㢙㸉㱉⥥ 㐅㞞 ⌱⍽ G 㷙㞹㐁䯮ㄪ㷹 ‫ޚ‬⒱㻵㷙㱮㜭 ㆹ䳕㸑㜱㱑 ⦁䯝㍵䲹㳁䳝㴪㷅䠶䯵 ⩅㥝 ⌾㹂⺦䰦㝂‫ޙ‬㷙㾒㴕⩅⤕ ⻝ ⊁㸦 ⠓㯙⥥ ⬥㷵㰵 G 㷙㾒㴕⩅⤕ 㷵㱉⥥ ㊙ヵ G 㷁⻝ ⊁㸦 ✯㯙

䫠㱱㜰ㆼ䳘 ⎄⺬䯜㶈⍈䒹㐈㞡 ⌴⎀

㾕㴘⩈

㾀㊀⭨⻠䯜㱰⒌ 䁄㱱㱱㜰ㆼ䳘㷜㺙䌸㞵㷈 ⊄䁄⩈⻡䯤㢜㸌⤘ ⍹⍹⍹⊈

G G

㞼㐄䯱ㄭ㷜 ✸㴭

✸⏰㞵㷸㸌⍤ ⏔䌸䯜⒴ 㣰㴸㠐㸰㜰㴭㸰⽐㷜㜰㴭㢜ㄉ⎀ 㶤䁄㊓㍸㢜㓈㴭 ⍤⺨ ⍁⎄ 㥡㝡㷈 ⍤⺨䯜㱰䓠䳜⍁ 㠐㸰㜰㴭

‫ޙ‬⍶⍶ ⎁⺩‫ ޚ‬䯙㶅⍅䒶㷙䦑⥩䰊⺭㱑 ⦁䯝㐅㞞㷅䁅䰊䯝 ⌱⍽ 㞹㐁䯮ㄪ㷁ㄩ⫑ ⊝㷵ヱ㷽⎁㞲㓅㶩

㷅䩭㴪䯙㱭ㄩ⭡ 㜭⸍⭥㷵㸑㶡⻮⌍ 㜭㴪䯙⍡ ⏑⿙䯡㢙㸉⤕ ⍶⊅㷵⥥‫ޚ‬㷙㾒㴕⩅⊁ 㶽⻝ ⊁㸦 ⠓㯙 ⥥ ⬥㷵㰵 I 㷙㾒㴕⩅⤕ I 㷙㾒㴕⩅⤕ 㷵㱉⥥ 㐅㞞 ⌱⍽㳁 ⎁⺩⪝ ✵㴪㷁㯅⸙ ?䫝 A㳁 ⊚⥥ 䫠 ⍹⍹ ⎄⺬䯜㶈⍈䒹㐈㞡 ⌴⎀ 䯜㶈⍈䒹䯱ㄭ

⥥ 㐅㞞 ⌱⍽㳁 ⎁⺩⪝ ✵㴪㷁㯅⸙ ?䫝 A㳁 ⊚⥥

䯡㢙㸉㱉⥥ 㐅㞞 ⌱⍽ I 㷙㞹㐁䯮ㄪ㷹 ‫⥥ޙ‬ㆹ䳕㷹㥞

‫ޙ‬㱮㜭ㆹ䳕 ⎁⺩‫ ޚ‬䯙㶅⍅䒶㷙䦑⥩䰊⺭㱑 ⦁䯝㐅㞞㷅

㾕㴘⩈

'SRWMWXIRG] 6EXMS 㷁⻝㍵⥥ ✯㯅㥡⼱

㍸䰍⻠㳄㸔⩝䊬㴸䰍 ⩈⻠㷜㺅⥽䯠㯌㺈⋴〰㶤䁄

䯜㶈⍈䒹䯱ㄭ

㞼㐄䯱ㄭ㷜 ✸㴭

⒴㻸㷜㱱㜰ㆼ䳘㸔㜴㱔 ⦄䯠㍸䲼㳄䳠㴭㷈䠹䯸 ⩈㥠 ⍁㹅⺩䰩㝅 ⮘㸔㷼㷈䠹䯸䁄㱱㱱㜰ㆼ䳘㷜䤽㞵㷈 ⊙䳘䯜㱰䁄㱱 ㆼ䳘㷜䳠㞵䳘㶤⩈

‫ޙ‬䁁㠎㺂 ⎁⺩‫ ޚ‬䯙㶅⍅䒶㷙䦑⥩䰊⺭㱑 ⦁䯝㐅㞞㷅䁅

I I I

㾕㴘⩈

㞼㐄䯱ㄭ㷜 ✸㴭

䐭㐈䯠䶸㥡 ⍹⊈ 䶸㥡㥠㞨㶈㝡㥠㞨 ⭵㷈㺠⍹ ⒴⤩ ㊓䳠㴭⩈⊄ 䰩㝅⪠ 䨼〰䯠 ⍹⍹㥠㞨㇀㺠⍹ ⥨ㆼ䳘㷼㥡㷈䩰㴭䯜㱰ㄬ⭤ 㜰⸐⭨㷸㸔㶤⻱⌐ 㜰㴭䯜⍤ ⏔⿜䯤㢜㸌 ⤘ ⍹⊈㷸⥨

‫ޙ‬㉹⎁ 㻱䳕 ⎁⺩‫ ޚ‬䯙㶅⍅䒶㷙䦑⥩䰊⺭㱑 ⦁䯝㐅㞞㷅䁅䰊䯝 ⌱⍽ 㞹㐁䯮ㄪ㷁ㄩ⫑ ⊝㷵ヱ㷽⎁㞲㓅㶩 'SRWMWXIRG] 6EXMS 㷁⻝㍵⥥ ✯㯅㥡⼱䯡㢙㸉㱉⥥ 㐅㞞 ⌱⍽ J 㷙㞹㐁䯮ㄪ㷹 ‫ޙ‬㽽㍁ ⌾⎁⍽

ᦥ᜽ᦥॵᯱᯙ ᦥ⋕ᯕቭ

㱱㜰zㆼ䳘⋴〰 ⍁⎄㷜 ⍹⍹⮘㸔㷼䩍⊄䁄䫠㱔 ⎄䯠㱴⏰

㰵㴹〭⤕ 䲖䝝㊐ ⑝ㄩ ⌹㓅‫ޚ‬㷙㾒㴕⩅⊁ ⻝ ⊁

㱮㜭ㆹ䳕㸑㜱㱑 ⦁䯝㍵䲹㳁䳝㴪㷅䠶䯵 ⩅㥝 ⌾㹂⺦

㸦 ⠓㯙⥥ ⬥㷵㰵 J 㷙㾒㴕⩅⤕ 㷵㱉⥥ ㊙ヵ

䰦㝂‫ ޚ‬䯮ㄪ㷙㾒㴕⩅⊁ ⻝ ⊁㸦 ⠓㯅㼆䯪㢝㶅㱑

J ⤕ ⻝ ⊁㸦 ✯㯙⥥ 㐅㞞 ⌱⍽㳁 ⎁⺩⪝ ✵㴪

㞝㶅⿽ 䊩䁁䯙㱭㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁ ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷅

㷁㯅⸙ ?䫝 A㳁 ⊚⥥

㸆䀞䯙⤕ 䩊⊁䁁䫝㾒 G ⊁ 㴱㞡㥝⪙㰵㯽䯝⥥ 㷵䵅 ⥥⿹ 㞹㐁䯮ㄪ㷙㴱㞡㢝㶅㷙㢝㞝⤕ ⥥㷍⍽ ⊚⥥ I

䫠㉼⎄ 㻴䳘 ⎄⺬䯜㶈⍈䒹㐈㞡 ⌴⎀

J J J J J J

䯜㶈⍈䒹䯱ㄭ J J

㾕㴘⩈

㞼㐄䯱ㄭ㷜 ✸㴭

㾀㍄ ⍁⎄⎀ 㰸㴼〰⤘ 䲙䝠㊓ ①ㄬ ⌼㓈㾀㍄䳜⍁⎀ 㻴䳘⪠ 㝍㝅⎀ 㠐㸰㷜㜰㴭

㥠㞨㇀㸔䌸㺅㷀⻠䌸⍈㺅㷸⍤ 䫠㾄䳘⪠ ⮘㸔㷼䋈䝡 ⋴〰㳄㻴䳘⪠ 㥠 ⊅ と䌸㷜䲙㥡

J H G E I J I F F F E J E G 㷁㼆䯪㾒㴕⩅⊁ ⻝ ⊁㸦 ✯㯙㶽ヱ ⊂ ⍅䒶㷙㾒㴕⩅㳁㴱㞡㢝㶅⿽ 㼆䯪㺂㶽⻝㐅㞞䯝 ⌱⍽⤕ ?䫝 A⍽ ⊚⥥ 䫠㾕㴘⩈㳄㴴㞤㢠㶈㱔 ⦄䯠㼉䯭㐈㞡㷜 ⌴⎀

㼉䯭㐈㞡⌴⎀ %,4⒱㌖㷅䳝㴪䯙㱭 ⍅䒶㍅䩊⊁䁁䫝㷙㾒㴕⩅⿽ ⩅䐝䯙⍡ ⍅䒶㍅㾒㴕⩅ 㐅㞞㷅䠶䯵㝂㶅䯮ㄪ⍽ 䯙㶅䯮ㄪ㷙㴱㞡㢝㶅㊐㼆䯪㢝㶅⿽ ⩅䐝䰉⥥ 㐅㞞 ⌱⍽㱑

㝅㶈⍈䒹䯜㶈⍈䒹㞼㐄㾕㴘⩈ 㢠㶈㾕㴘⩈ 䯱ㄭ㞼㐄䯱ㄭ㢠㶈㺕⒀㞵 ⎄⺬

⮱⿵ヵ㐅㞞 ✵㴪㷙㷽⎁㞲㓅㶩 'SRWMWXIRG] 6EXMS 㷁ㄩ⫑ ㍵⥥ ✯㯅㐅㞞 ⧱㷵䞱⤕ 㥡⼱䯡㢙㸉㱉 ⥥ 㷵㾒㝂㶅⍅䒶 ⊝ 䯮ㄪ㷙㾒㴕⩅⿽ ㄩ⫑ ⧕䯝 ⌱ ⍽⤕ 㶽⻝ ✙䝁✭⥥ ⲑ䯝㝂㶅⍅䒶㷙㾒㴕⩅㱑㝂㶅⍅䒶㷵㠎䯝䯙㶅㞹㐁䯮ㄪ㷙㾒㴕⩅⿽ ⍲䯵㼆䯪㾒㴕⩅⿽ 㜱䐝䯝 ⬥ 㼆䯪㾒㴕⩅⿽ ㄩ⫑ ⧕䯝 ⌱⍽ 㱮㥝㶽⻝㾒㴕⩅ ⌱⍽⊁ ⌁䀞㷅䠶⍽䰉㷍㷅㸆䀞䰉⥥ 㝂㶅⍅䒶 ⊝ 䯮ㄪ㷙㾒㴕⩅ 㓅⏑㱑㞝⤕ ‫ޙ‬㱮㜭zㆹ䳕 ⎁⺩‫ޚ‬㷙㾒㴕⩅⊁ ⻝ ⊁㸦 ⠓㯙⥥ 㷵⿽ 䠶䯵㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁ ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷙䩊⊁䁁䫝㾒 ‫ޙ‬㱮㜭zㆹ䳕 ⎁⺩‫ޚ‬㷅 ⊁㸦㴱㞡㺂㶽⻝ ⍡⺥䯙⍡ 㸉㷍㷅㯍㢙㸉㱉 ⥥ ⑹⥥㷍㷁 ‫ޙ‬⍶⍶ ⎁⺩‫ ޚ‬㾒㴕⩅⊁ ‫ޙ‬㯉㺅 ⎁⺩‫ ޚ‬ 㾒㴕⩅⊁ ‫ޙ‬㺒⑽㞲 ⎁⺩‫ ޚ‬㾒㴕⩅⊁ 㷙㢝㶽⻝ ✙䝁✭⥥ 㷵㝂䩊⊁䯮ㄪ㷙㾒㴕⩅⤕ 㝂⦁㺂㶽⻝ ⠓㯙㶽ヱ ‫ޙ‬䁁㠎㺂 ⎁⺩‫ ޚ‬㾒㴕⩅⤕ ‫ޙ‬㉹⎁ 㻱䳕 ⎁ ⺩‫ ޚ‬㾒㴕⩅⤕ ⻝㝂⦁㺂㶽⻝ ✯㯙⥥ 䯙㶅⍅䒶㷙 ⊝ 䯮ㄪ㾒 ⊂ ⍅䒶 ⊅㷙㞹㐁䯮ㄪ㷅㓅⏑ ㊐㐅㞞㷅䁅䰊䯙㱭㝂㶅⍅䒶㱑㠎䯝㾒㴕⩅⿽ ⩅䐝䯙㲁㶽ヱ ⑹ 㓅⏑ ⌱⍽⤕ ㍹㱱⏭㷙㱑㞝㢡⪝ ㊕㸉⥥ ⲑ䯝㼆䯪㾒㴕⩅⿽ 㜱䐝䯝 ⌱⍽ G 㷙 ‫ޙ‬⒱㻵㷙

㯌㺈 ⎄⺬

㱱㜰zㆼ 䳘 ⎄⺬

䁄㠑㺅 ⎄⺬

⍹⍹ ⎄⺬

㉼⎄ 㻴䳘 ⎄⺬

䯭⍈

㼉䯭㼉䯭 '6 㾕㴘⩈ 㴴㞤㢠㶈

㷵㝂㷙㢙䓙⿽ 㐅㞞䯙ヵ㓅⏑㺂 ⊞⎁㺂㷹 ⌱⍽⿽ ⩅ 䐝䯡㢙㸉㶽ヱ㷵⿽ 䳝㴪䯙㱭㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁ ⍶ ⍶⮕㸑㷹䁁䫝㷙 ⊂ ⍅䒶㱑㞝㴱㞡㺂㶽⻝ ⊝㞡䯵㯽䯡䯮ㄪ㷅 ⩅䐝䯡㢙㸉㰵䵅㠎㱱⏭㱑 ⒱䎉㺂㷹㸑⽍⿽ 㺝⍶䯡㢙㸉⥥⍡ 䦑⥩⪝⥥ 㱱⏭㷙 ⊞⎁㞲㷅䳖㍵䯙⒱ 㶅䯵䯙㶅 ⊂ 㞹㐁䯮ㄪ㷙㾒㴕⩅⿽ 㝂㶅㾒㴕⩅㱑 ⍲䯙㱭䩊⊁䁁䫝㾒 ⊝ 㞹㐁䯮ㄪ㱑 ⦁䯝㼆䯪㺂㷹㾒㴕⩅ 㢝㶅⿽ 䫝⒱䯙㲁⥥ 㷵㾒 G I H F E J 㷙㞹㐁䯮ㄪ㷵 ⠓㷁㢝㶅⿽

䯠⏱䗜䟔䒤䯝䴐⠀ㆼ䁄 :SP 2S

䊩䁁䰉㶽ヱ㷵⤕ 䩊⊁䁁䫝㾒㴱㞡㢝㶅⊁ ⪡ 㢙㸉⤕

䯵㱮㜭zㆹ䳕 ⎁⺩㷵 ⊁㸦㴱㞡㥝䯵㯽䯡䩊⊁䯮ㄪ㸅㷅

䯮ㄪ㷵⥥ ㊙ヵ G E J E F F 㷙㞹㐁䯮ㄪ㷁

㯍㢙㸉⥥ ⲑ䯝㱮㜭zㆹ䳕 ⎁⺩㷁㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁

㾒㴕⩅⊁ 㝂⦁㺂㶽⻝ ✯⌍ ✙䝁✭⍡ ⒱䝁㞹㐁䯮ㄪ

㱑㱮㜭㺂㸑㜱㷙㍵䲹㳁㸭䳝㴪㷙㱭㐁⿽ 䩊⊁䯙ヱ

㾒 G ‫ޙ‬⒱㻵㷙㱮㜭zㆹ䳕㺂㸑㜱㱑 ⦁䯝㍵䲹㳁䳝㴪㷅

㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁㱑 ⩅㥝㷙㱮㜭zㆹ䳕㺂㊱⌾㷵㊙㲂

䠶䯵 ⩅㥝 ⌾㹂⺦䰦㝂‫ޚ‬㷙䯮ㄪ㷵 ⊁㸦 ⠓㯙⥥ ⑹⹭✙

⪙㱉⤕䁁㷙㱭㐁⿽ ✙䝁✹⥥ ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷅䠶䯵㷵⿽

⊚㷁㱮㜭zㆹ䳕 ⎁⺩㞹㐁䯮ㄪ㱑㞝 G ‫⮕ޙ‬㸑㷹㷅䠶䯵

䳝㞲䳕䯩㶽⻝㧩 ⩅㥝㷙 ⌾㹂⺦㷅 ⠓㷵⍡ ⩅㥝㷙 ⌾㺝

䁁㱮㱮㜭zㆹ䳕㷙䤺㞲㷅 ⊖䳕䯙㱭䁁㱮 ㆹ䳕㷙䳝㞲䳕

㳁㊝㺅㷅䎊䁅䯡㢙㸉㷅㙑き㯅⥉ⷽ 䁁㱮㽽㉽⭥㷙

㶡⩅‫⊁ ⤕ޚ‬㸦 ✯⌍ ✙䝁✭⥥ 㓅⻞㼆䯪㺂㷹 ⊁㾒䓙⿽

㱮㜭zㆹ䳕㺂㺖䌵㞲㷅 ⊖䳕䯡㢙㸉⥥ ‫ޙ‬⍶⍶ ⎁⺩‫ޚ‬㷙䒢

⧕䯝䯪⍅⤕ ⍽ ⊚䁁き ⑹ 䊩㷵⤕ ㉹㉹䯙⥥ 㴱㞡㢝㶅

ヵ㱑㞝⤕ ⥥ㆹ䳕㷹㥞㷅䩭㴪䯡㱭䁁⊁ 㸉⤕䁁䨹〭䯝

㱑 ⦁䯝㼆䯪 ⌱⍽⿽ 䠶䯵㺅ㆹ⊁⭥㷁 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷙㊝

⍶⍶㥝㞥⍽ 䯩╙ 䐪㐅䯝䶵㥞㥝㞥⍽ ⏑⿙ ⍶⊅㷅㺝⍶

㺅⍽ 㺖㐁㊐䁁㊪㸑䓙 ⥩䌵㷙 ⟹⺦ ⮕㸑㷹㷅䳝㴪䯝

䯙⍡ 㸉⤕䁁⿽ ⍡⺥䯵㯽䯝⥥ ‫ޙ‬㯉㺅 ⎁⺩‫ޚ‬㷙䒢ヵ㱑㞝

䁁㱮 ㆹ䳕䳝㞲䳕㱑丙㸆㰵䏝⑽ 㰵⤑ 㺖⩅ 㞲⍽⿽ ⋱

⤕ 㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁㷙 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㱑㞝㶅䱙䯙⋱✙

⫑⍡ 㸉⥥⍡ ㍵㯙⥥ ⮱ⷽ㞝 ⥥⿹ 㞹㐁䯮ㄪ㍵⥥ 㾒㴕㞲

㜭⍡⊁ ㊝㝞䯡㢙㸉⤕ 㴕㠍⿽ ⍡⺥䯵㯽䯝⥥ ‫ޙ‬㺒⑽㞲

㷵 ✯㯙⥥ ✙ス䁁㞹㐁䯮ㄪ㾒 ⠓㷁㢝㶅⿽ ✙䝁✹ ⌄

⎁⺩‫ޚ‬㷙䒢ヵ㱑㞝⤕ ㄩ⭡ 㜭㴪㸑⊁ ㊪ㆹ䯙⤕ ⍶⊅⍽ ⌾

㷁㝂㶅⍅䒶⍽ 㓅⻁䯙⤕ ⎁⍅㷵ヱ㷽⎁㞲㓅㶩 ⌁䀞⩅

⎁㱑㺂㴪䯡㢙㸉⤕䁁㷙㱭㐁⿽ ⍡⺥䯵㯽䯝⥥ ‫ޙ‬䁁㠎

䠶⍽䰉⥥ 㷵⿽ 䠶䯵㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁ ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹

㺂 ⎁⺩‫ޚ‬㷙䒢ヵ㱑㞝⤕ ⏑䳙㷵㴪㷵䯝䓝䳙⌾ 㠍㸭㷙

䩊⊁䁁䫝㱑㞝㴱㞡㢝㶅⿽ ⩅䐝䰉⥥

㜭㴪㊐㶡䁁㊐㍵㢙⿽ ⍡⺥䯵㯽䯝⥥ ‫ޙ‬㉹⎁ 㻱䳕 ⎁ ⺩‫ޚ‬㷙䒢ヵ㱑㞝⤕ 㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁⍽ 㽽㍁䳙⌾㷙㻱䳕 ⋱〭㺅䌵㷙㉹⎁㞲㷅 ⍡⺥䯵㯽䯝⥥

ߑ ⌴⻤

⫙䁹 %,4 㺅ㆹ⊁ 㞥ㆹ㻱㜭㱑 ⦁䯝㐅㞞 ⌱⍽ 䩊⊁ 䁁䫝㝂㶅⍅䒶㾒 ⊝ 䯮ㄪ㱑㞝 ‫ޙ‬㱮㜭zㆹ䳕 ⎁⺩‫ޚ‬㷵 ⊁

㍹㱱⏭㱑㞝⤕ 㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁㷙 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹䩊

㸦 ⠓㷁㢝㶅⿽ 䊩䁁䰉⥥ 㷵⿽ 䠶䯵㺅ㆹ⊁⭥㷵㱮㜭z

⊁䁁䫝㺝㺖㷅㶅䯵㞡䰊㱱⏭㱑㞝㢙䁒䯝 ⮕㸑㷹䩊⊁

ㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁㷙 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹䁁䫝㾒 ‫ޙ‬㱮㜭zㆹ䳕 ⎁⺩‫ޚ‬

䯮ㄪ㷅㺖〭䯙㱭㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁ ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹䩊⊁

㷵㴱㞡㥝⪙㰵㯽䯡㜭䯮㶽⻝㍵⍡ 㸉⥥⤕ ⌄㷅㯍㢙

䁁䫝㳁㞹㐁䯮ㄪ㷅 ⩅䐝䰉⥥ ⲑ䯝㱱⏭㷙 ⊞⎁㞲㷅䳖

㸉⥥ 㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁㷁 ⩅㥝㷙㱮㜭zㆹ䳕㺂㊱⌾

㍵䯙⒱ 㶅䯵 ⧹䦍㷵㻱㜭⿽ ⫑ 䊩⻁㥥㥝䰉⍡ 㺅ㆹ⊁

㷅㊙㲂䯙⍡ 㸉㶽ヱ ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷵ⷽ⤕ ㊪㌖㷅䠶䯵㱮

㱑 ⦁䯝㞥ㆹ㻱㜭⿽ 䠶䯵 ⊝㷙䩊⊁䁁䫝㳁 ⊝㷙㞹

㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁㷅䏝⦁䯝㍶㵑䯙⍡ ⍶⍶⍶⊅㷙㱮㜭

㐁䯮ㄪ㷅㞡㺖䰉⥥ 㯅㴹⹭ 䩊⊁䁁䫝㷙䝁⥺㞲⍽ 㥡⼱

㺂㐅㶅⒱⿽ 㻱㝂䯙㱭㱮㜭zㆹ䳕㷙 ⥩㺉㷅お㷅㢙㸉

㞲㷅 ⌁䀞䯙⒱ 㶅䯵㺅ㆹ 㐅㯽 ⎁⍅㸑ㄆ㷅 ⦁㝂㶽

⥥ ⩚㥝㱑 ⮕㸑㷹㷅䠶䯵䁁㱮㷙㱮㜭zㆹ䳕㺂䤺㞲㷅

⻝㞥ㆹ㻱㜭⿽ 㥥㥝䰉⥥ 㷵䵅 7477 䮅⻝⑹⸩㷅㜭㴪

⊖䳕䯙㱭䁁㱮㷅䳝㞲䳕䯙⍡ 㽽㉽㜷㷙䁉㷅䰦㝂㥝䜭

䯙㱭㻱㜭 ⌱⍽㱑 ⦁䯝䝑㝊㺂㷹㸑㐅㞞⍽ 㥡⼱⩅ 㐅

㢙㸉㶽ヱ㽽㉽⭥⻝䯙㱭⒉ 䁁㱮㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁

㞞㷅㥥㥝䰉㶽ヱ %,4 ⍅䒶䳕㐅㞞㌖㷅䳝㴪䯙㱭 ⎁⺩

㱑 ⦁䯝䌵䱙㷅㺂⑺ 㸦⺥䯙㱭㽽㉽㷙䁁㱮 ㆹ䳕㺖䌵

㐅㯽㺅ㆹ⊁ ㄆ㱑 ⦁䯵㞝㲩z㲥䮅ⷽ㷹㞥ㆹ㻱㜭⿽ 㥥

㞲㷅㺝⍡㥝䜭㢙㸉⥥ ‫ޙ‬㱮㜭zㆹ䳕 ⎁⺩‫ޚ‬㷙䯙㶅⍅䒶㢝

㥝䯙㱭䩊⊁䁁䫝㳁㞹㐁䯮ㄪ ⊅ 㾒㴕⩅㳁㴱㞡㢝㶅⿽

㶅㱑㞝 ⊁㸦 ⠓㷁㢝㶅⿽ 䊩䁁䯝 ⌄㷁 G 㞹㐁䯮ㄪ㷵

⩅䐝䰉⥥ 㷵㳁 ⊚㷁㐅㞞㷅䠶䯵 ✵〱 ⌱⻡㷁 ⥥㷍⍽

㱉⥥ ㆹ䳕 ⌾㹂㷙㥝⦁㷙 ⩅⸙㳁䯩╙ 㲥⤙✡ 㱮㜭zㆹ

⊚⥥

䳕㺂㸑㜱㷵 ⩅㥝 ⊅ ⊁㸦 ⌾㹂⺦㸉⤕ 㸑㵑㷵 ⪙㱉⒱

䌬䁹㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁ ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹䩊⊁䁁䫝㷙㴱

㱑ㄆ䳖䯝 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹 ⮕㸑㷹㊪䰦㷅ㄩ㝊䯙⍡ ⒱㻵

㞡㢝㶅⤕ 㱮㜭zㆹ䳕 ⎁⺩ ⍶⍶ ⎁⺩㯉㺅 ⎁⺩㺒⑽㞲

⩅㥝㷙㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁㷅㍵㻵㊐䳝㴪䯙㱭 ⩅㥝

⎁⺩䁁㠎㺂 ⎁⺩㉹⎁ 㻱䳕 ⎁⺩㷙㢝㷵㱉⥥ 㷵⿽ 䠶

㷵㉹䁁㳁 ⌾㹂⺦㷅 ⠓㱭㯽䯝⥥ 㢝㶅⊁ ⊁㸦 ✯㷁 ⌄

ᦥ᜽ᦥॵᯱᯙ ᦥ⋕ᯕቭ

㱱㜰zㆼ䳘⋴〰 ⍁⎄㷜 ⍹⍹⮘㸔㷼䩍⊄䁄䫠㱔 ⎄䯠㱴⏰

㷁 G 㞹㐁䯮ㄪ㶽⻝㷵⿽ 䠶䯵㺅ㆹ⊁⭥㷁 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹

㷙 ✵⏭㞲㷅䩭䯩䯙㱭 ⌾⎁䳙⌾㷵 ⩅㥝㱑㞝䁁㠎㺂㶽

㷙㊪㌖㷅䳝㴪䯝䁁㱮 ㆹ䳕䳝㞲䳕⊁ ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷙㊝

⻝ ⍶㻵䯡㢙㸉⥥⤕ ⌄㷅㍵㱭㽽㱉⥥ ⲑ䯝 ‫ޙ‬䁁㠎㺂 ⎁

㺅⍽ 㺖㐁㊐䁁㊪㸑䓙 ⥩䌵㷙 ⟹⺦䯙㱑䏝⑽ ㄈ ⟅⊅

⺩‫ޚ‬㷙䯙㶅⍅䒶㢝㶅㓅⏑㱑㞝 ⊁㸦 ⠓㷁㢝㶅⿽ 䊩䁁

㰵⤑ 㺖⩅ 㞲⍽㳁㊝㺅㷅㷵⾙⥥⍡ 㱭⒵⥥⤕ ⌄㷅㯍

䯝 ⌄㷁 H 㞹㐁䯮ㄪ㷵㱉⥥ 㷵⤕ ⍶⍶㥝㞥㷙㢙ㄆ㷵

㢙㸉⥥ ⮱ⷽ㞝 ⑹ 㾒㴕㞲㷁 G ⍽ G ㍵⥥⤕ ✯⥥

䁨⍡ 㣾⌍ 䵽㠑⪡ 㢙㸉⒱ ⯍ㆹ㱑 ⍡㸦㷵✙ ⒱⤦㺂㷹

‫ޙ‬⍶⍶ ⎁⺩‫ޚ‬㷁䩊⊁䁁䫝㝂㶅⍅䒶㾒 ⫑ ㌉䁹⻝ ⠓㷁

㐁㐅㱑㞝㷙 ㆹ㺝⤕ 㽽⒱㺂㶽⻝ ⎁〭㊐㍵㢙䯵㯽䯙ヱ

㢝㶅⿽ 䊩䁁䰉⥥ 㷵⿽ 䠶䯵㺅ㆹ⊁⭥㷵㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭

㴱㞡㺂㶽⻝ ⍡⺥䯵㯽䯝⥥⤕ ⌄㷅 ✙䝁✹⥥ ⥥㷍㷁 H

⌾⎁ 㸑䌵⤕ ⍶⍶⍶⊅㶽⻝㞝 ⥥ㆹ䳕㷹㥞㷅䩭㴪䯙⤕

㞹㐁䯮ㄪ㶽⻝䓝䳙⌾ 㠍㸭㷙㜭㴪㷵 ⋱〭 ⌾⎁㷙䁁㠎

⍶⊅㶽⻝䨹〭䯝 ⍶⍶㥝㞥⍽ 䯩╙ 䐪㐅䯝䶵㥞㥝㞥⍽

⊁⤦㞲㱑⤕ ⩅㵁㷵 ⪝⥥⤕ ⌄㷁㯍㢙㸉䁁き㾒㴕⩅

⏑⿙ ⍶⊅㷅㺝⍶䯵㯽䯝⥥⍡ 㱭⒵⥥⤕ ⌄㷅㯍㢙㸉

⤕ H 䯮ㄪ㍵⥥ ✯㯙⥥

⥥ ‫ޙ‬⍶⍶ ⎁⺩‫ ޚ‬䯙㶅⍅䒶㢝㶅㓅⏑㱑㞝 ⊁㸦 ⠓㷁㢝㶅

‫ޙ‬㉹⎁ 㻱䳕 ⎁⺩‫ޚ‬㷁䩊⊁䁁䫝㝂㶅⍅䒶㾒 ⊁㸦 ✯㷁

⿽ 䊩䁁䯝 ⌄㷁 I 㞹㐁䯮ㄪ㷵㱉⥥ 㷵⿽ 䠶䯵 ‫ޙ‬⍶⍶ ⎁

㢝㶅⿽ 䊩䁁䰉⥥ 㷵⿽ 䠶䯵㺅ㆹ⊁⭥㷵䁁䫝㷙 ⥥⿹

⺩‫ ޚ‬⍅䒶㱑㞝 ‫⥥ޙ‬ㆹ䳕㷹㥞㷅䩭㴪䯙⍡ ⢅⏭✙ 㰹㺝⭡䁁

䯮ㄪ㱑㓅䯵 ‫ޙ‬㉹⎁ 㻱䳕 ⎁⺩‫ޚ‬㱑 ⦁䯝 ⍡⺥⊁ 㝂⦁㺂㶽

㸑㶡⻮⌍ 㠍䠶䯡㢙㸉⤕ ⍶⊅‫ޚ‬㷅㴱㞡㺂㶽⻝ ⍡⺥䯵㯽

⻝ ✯⥥⤕ ⌄㷅㯍㢙㸉⥥ ‫ޙ‬㉹⎁ 㻱䳕 ⎁⺩‫ޚ‬㷙䯙㶅⍅

䯝⥥⤕ ⌄㷅㯍㢙㸉⥥ 㢝㶅⊁ ⊁㸦 ✯㷁 ⌄㷁 I 㞹

䒶㍅㢝㶅㓅⏑㱑㞝 ⊁㸦 ⠓㷁㢝㶅⤕ J 㞹㐁䯮ㄪ㶽

㐁䯮ㄪ㶽⻝䨹〭䯝 ⍶⍶㥝㞥き㷅㺝⍶䰉⥥

⻝㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁㷵㽽㍁ ⌾⎁⍽ 㻱䳕⿽ 㷵⽩㰵㯽

‫ޙ‬㯉㺅 ⎁⺩‫ޚ‬㷁䩊⊁䁁䫝㝂㶅⍅䒶㾒㞹㌉䁹⻝ ⠓㷁

䯝⥥⤕ ⌄㷅㞥ㄆ䯝㊙ヵ J 㞹㐁䯮ㄪ㷁㽽㍁䳙⌾⍽

㢝㶅⿽ 䊩䁁䰉⥥ 㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁㷙 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷅

㻱䳕⿽ 㷵⽩⤕ 㝊㝂⍽ 㸭⽍⿽ 㜭㴪䯙㱭㝂⦁㺂㶽⻝㾒

䩊⊁䯩㱑㸉㰵㞝㶅䱙䯙⋱✙ 㜭⍡⊁ ㊝㝞䯡㢙㸉⤕ 㴕

㴕⩅⊁ ✯㯙⥥ ⑹ 㷵㶡⤕ 㺅ㆹ⊁⭥㷵㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭

㠍⤕ 㻵㸭䯙ヱ ‫ޙ‬㯉㺅 ⎁⺩‫ޚ‬㷙䯙㶅⍅䒶㢝㶅㓅⏑㱑㞝

⌾⎁㷁 ⋱〭㍹㱱㷙㝊㝂⍽ 㸭⽍⿽ 䏝⦁䯝䳝㴪䯙⤕ ⌄

⊁㸦 ⠓㷁㢝㶅⤕ F 㞹㐁䯮ㄪ㷵䊩䁁䰉⥥ 㷵⿽ 䠶䯵

㷵㺂䯪䯡 ⌄㶽⻝㍵㯙⒱ ⯍ㆹ㷵⥥

‫ޙ‬㯉㺅 ⎁⺩‫ ޚ‬䯮ㄪ㱑㞝 ⋱〭㷙 ⏑䊩⻝⿽ ⍡⺥䯙㱭䴢⥩㍵

㟌䁹㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁㷁 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㐅㯽㱑䩭䯩

⩅⿽ 㞥䓙䯙⤕ ⌄㷁 ⋱〭㷙 ㆽ〭㺂㯉㺅㙑き㯅⥉ⷽ 䴢

⪙䁁き䁁㊪㸑䓙 ⥩䌵㷙 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹 ⊁㷵⭝ⷽ㷹㱑⤕

⥩㍵⩅㷙 ⌾⍡ 䫝㥝⻝㥭〭㺂㯉㺅㞲㷅䩊⊁䯡㢙㸉⒱

㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㱑 ⦁䯝ㄆ䳖䯝䩊⊁䁁䫝⊁

⯍ㆹ㱑㴱㞡㺂㶽⻝ ⍡⺥䯵㯽䯝⥥⤕ ⌄㷅㯍㢙㸉⥥

㺝㥝⪙䁁㯋㯙⥥ ⮱ⷽ㞝㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁㷙 ⍶⍶⮕

㷵㱑㓅䯵 F 㞹㐁䯮ㄪ㾒 ‫〭⋱ޙ‬㱑㉹⛅⹽ ㊪䁁㸦䓙㳁

㸑㷹䩊⊁䁁䫝⿽ 㺝㥝䯙㱭 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㐅㯽㱑 ⦁䯝㱱

㯽⊅ 㻱ㄆ㞥䓙‫ޚ‬㷙㾒㴕⩅⤕ ⥥⿹ 䯮ㄪ㍵⥥ ✯㯙⥥

⏭ ㊐ ⮕㸑㷹 ⊝㊝㱑 ⩅㵁㷅㺝⍶䯵㯽䯡䯅㴕㞲㷵㺝

‫ޙ‬㺒⑽㞲 ⎁⺩‫ޚ‬㷁㝂㶅⍅䒶㱑㞝㌉䁹㢝㶅⿽ 䊩䁁䯙

⒱⪝⥥ 㯅㴹⹭ ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷵 ⧕㴲 ⊁䓙⊁ 㸉⒱ 㶅䯵㞝

ヱ㝂⦁㺂㶽⻝㾒㴕䯙⥥⤕ ⌄㷅 ✙䝁❉⥥ ‫ޙ‬㺒⑽㞲 ⎁

⤕ ⮕㸑㷹䩊⊁ ㊪㌖㱑 ⦁䯝㱱⏭㳁 ⊝㊝⻝㷵㰵㺹㯽

⺩‫ޚ‬㷙䯙㶅⍅䒶㢝㶅㓅⏑㱑㞝㢝㶅⊁ ⊁㸦 ⠓㷁 ⌄㷁

䯝⥥ ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㸑䌵⊁ ⦁㾒㷅㶅䯝 ⮕㸑㷹㷵⒱ ⯍ㆹ

E 㞹㐁䯮ㄪ㷵㱉⥥ 㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁㷵ㄩ⭡ 㷵㴪㸑

㱑 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷙䩊⊁ ✵㴪㷅 ⍅⹊䳕䯙㱭 ⥥㰒䯝䮽⭝

㳁㸦㯡㷹㷙㊪ㆹ㱑㺂㴪⪙⤕䁁㱑 ⦁䯝䩊⊁⤕ 㷵䯮ㄪ

㊲㷅㢙〾䯡㢙㸉⥥ ⑹〭䯙㱭㱱⏭㷙 ⊞⎁㞲㷅䳖㍵

㱑㞝㴱㞡㺂㶽⻝ ⍡⺥䯵㯽䯡㞹㐁䯮ㄪ㷵⥥ ⲑ䯝㾒㴕

䯙⒱ 㶅䯵 ⥥㰒䯝㱱⏭ ㊪㌖㷅㥝⩅䯙㲁㶽ヱ㻱㜭㷙

⩅⊁ 㓅⏑㺂 ✯㷁 ⌄㷁 E 㞹㐁䯮ㄪ㶽⻝ ⦁㾒⏑䠶㷵䁂

㺖⹊䩊⊁⿽ 䠶䯵䰦䵅 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㐅㯽㱑 ⎁䯝㱱⏭㱑

⊅㺒㺂㶽⻝㱱⌱⪙⤕ 㥝㞥㷁㺒⑽㷅㊪䯵䯙⤕ 㴕㠍✙

㸉㰵㞝ㄆ䳖䯝䠶⍅㺂㸑⽍⿽ 㺝⍶䯙⍡㸑䯝⥥

㸦㯡㴕㷹㷅㺝⋱䯝⥥

㍹㱱⏭㱑㞝㷙㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁㷙 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹䩊

‫ޙ‬䁁㠎㺂 ⎁⺩‫ޚ‬㷁㝂㶅⍅䒶㾒 ⥥㞰㌉䁹㢝㶅⿽ 䊩䁁

⊁䁁䫝㞡㺖㷁䯝⏮㷙㞡䰊㱱⏭⿽ 㶅㽽⻝䁅䰊⪙㱉⥥

䯙ヱ㾒㴕⩅⊁ ㍵䠶㷵㱉⥥ 㷵⿽ 䠶䯵㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭

㞡䰊㱱⏭㷙 ⌱⍽⿽ ㍵⌍ ⪙ヵ䯝⏮ 㺖㐁㳁 ⊂ 䁁㊪㸑

⌾⎁㷙 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷙䁁㠎 ⊁⤦㞲㱭㐁㳁㶡䁁㊐㍵㢙

䓙 ⥩䌵⤕ ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㱑 ⦁䯝㱱⏭⊁ 㓅⏑㺂㸙 ⪙㰵

䯠⏱䗜䟔䒤䯝䴐⠀ㆼ䁄 :SP 2S

㸉㶽ヱ㝂⦁㺂㶽⻝ ⥥⿹ ✙ⷽ㱑㓅䯵 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㐅㯽㱑㞝㓅⏑㺂㳅㌾䯝㥝㤥䟝㷅 ⊗䐕⍡ 㸉⥥ ⑹〭䯙㱭㍹㱱⏭㱑㞝㳹⏮㷙 ⎁⺩ ㆹ䱍㷅䊹⍡䯙㱭㐅㞞䯙䁁㯋㷁 ⌄㷁㍹㱱⏭㷙䯝⍅㺑㶽⻝㍽㢙㸉⥥ 䵅㠎㱱⏭㱑㞝⤕ ⥥㰒䯝 ⍅䒶㷙㷵㴪㸑㳁 ⏮✵z㳹 ⎁⺩ ㆹ䱍㷅㼆䯪㺂㶽⻝㐅㞞䯙㱭㱱⏭ ㌕㶅⿽ 䳖㸦䯙⍡㸑䯝⥥ 㯅㴹 ⹭ ㍹㱱⏭⤕ 㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁㷙 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㷙䩊 ⊁䁁䫝 ⊝㊝㷅ㄪ㺂㶽⻝䯙⒱ ⯍ㆹ㱑䤺㺖䁁〭㺂 ⏭ 㱮㷙㥥㺝㜭⻁㱑 ⦁䯝㜭⻁㐅㞞㷁䁅䰊䯙䁁㯋㯙⥥ 䵅㠎㱱⏭㱑㞝⤕ ㍹㱱⏭㱑㞝 ⩅䐝䯝䩊⊁䁁䫝⿽ 䊹㻱䯙⍡ 䁁㱮㍅㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁ 㜭⻁⿽ ⧕㴲㞹㐅䳕䯙㱭㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭 ⌾⎁㷙 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹䩊⊁䁁䫝㷙䝁 ⥺㞲㷅 ⧕㴲䏝㺂䳕䯡 ⍅䴎㷵⥥

T ? A 㷵㠍㉽ ⮕㸑㷹㞝㴹⋱〭㷙 ⊁⻝䤺㞲㍅㶡䲖㱑 ⮱⿹

䩊⊁䁁䫝㞥㺖㱑 ⎁䯝㱱⏭ 䯝㰒⦁䯚⏑ 㞞㜭䯚㶅⟽ ㆹ ? A 㷵㝂㴲 ⩅㥭 ⊁⻝䳙⌾⊝㞡㷅㶅䯝 ⮕㸑㷹⊝㊝㱑 ⎁

䯝㱱⏭ 䳎㷶⦁䯚⏑ 㞞㜭䯚㶅⟽ㆹ ? A ㊙㥝㲂 ⑽⦁ 㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⊁⻝ ⊁⻝⌾⎁㻱ㄆ㱱䐝㱑 ⎁

䯝㱱⏭ 㾒⏮ ⎒㺁㴱㥝㜭㉹㱕 ᓞ⃓ ⋱〭⿽ 㾒㥭㶽⻝ ⋵⏮⦁䯚⏑ ⦁䯚⏑ 㞞㜭䯚㶅⟽ㆹ ? A 㷵㢙㉽ ⩅㥝㷵㉹䁁㺝⍡⿽ 㶅䯝 ⌾⎁⍅䴎㷙 ⊝㞡㊪

㯉㱱⏭ 䳎㷶⦁䯚⏑ ? A 㳖㷵䦢㾒⏮ 㱮㜭ㆹ䳕⋱〭㷙 ⌾⎁ 䤺㞲㱑 ⎁䯝㱱

⏭ ⋵⏮⦁䯚⏑ ㊖㜭䯚㶅⟽ㆹ ? A 㯉㢙㉹ ‫ޛ‬㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⊁⻝㷙 ⏭㞲㴕㠍㊐㝊䋅䤺㞲㐅㞞㱱⏭ ‫ ޜ‬䯝⏮⍽䯚㲉㢡䩭⹽ 㺝 ␍ T ? A ⏭㷁㱱㊖䝝㴲㸦⎒䁒 ‫ޛ‬䳙⌾䁁⊂㺂䤺㞲㷅 ⍡⺥䯝

䊼 ⍤ ㆼ 䱐 ? A ㆹ䳕䌵㶢⎁⎒㐁㺝䊩 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹䁅䷦ 㼆䯪⍅䴎

b T ? A 㺖⊖䳕 ‫ޛ‬⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㴵⩚㱑㞝㺝⩅⻝ ‫ ޜ‬䯝⏮㥥✵⮕㸑㷹䯚䴍䯚㢡⦁䴍⟽ㆹ䁒㺝 ␍ 㺝䲹 T ? A 㻱ㄆ⸙ ‫ޛ‬⍶⍶㲂㱮⍽ ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹 ⍶⍶ 㲂㱮㷅 ⮕㸑㷹䯙ⷽ ‫⋵ ޜ‬䐖⍽㜭䴍㺝 ␍ 㺝䲹 T ? A 㲥㍒䊭䁁㊪㾒㠍⩅㥝 ⊁⻝䳙⌾ ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㥥䰊䌵⍅

㱑 ⎁䯝㱱⏭ 䳎㷶⦁䯚⏑ ㊖㜭䯚㶅⟽ㆹ ? A ⫑㜱㊲⍽ 㜭㺅 LXXTW [[[ HSSTIHME GS OV ? A ⍶㽽㥝䌮 ⍶㽽㥝 ⍡⩅⍶㽽 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㶽⻝ ◄䮽㴱⥥ T ? A 䏝㞲䲹 ‫ޛ‬⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹䁅䷦ 㼆䯪⍅䴎㷙㊪䰦⍽ 䤺㞲㱑 ⎁䯝㱱⏭ ‫ ޜ‬䯝⏮⮕㸑㷹ㆹ䳕䯚䴍䁁㺝 ␍ 㺝䲹 T ? A 㻱⥥⥥ ‫ޛ‬䎉⭲䯚⏑ 㽽㍁⏭㱮㷙㯅⩚䓝䳕⩅㥝䲖 ⍶⍶⮕ 㸑㷹㱑 ⎁䯝㱱⏭ ‫ ޜ‬䯝⏮䗙䟑䒡䯚䴍⟽ㆹ䁁㺝 ␍ 㺝䲹 T ? A Ⓛ㺖䵅㲂⏮㷙 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㺖䋆⍽ 㥝㜭㺑 ⏮䠡 T ? A ␍㢙䲅 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹䫝㾁䮅⻝㞹㤥㷙䯅㴕㞲㱑 ⎁䯝

㱱⏭ 㞲②⎁⦁䯚⏑ 㞞㜭䯚㶅⟽ㆹ ? A 㷵䁅䲹 ‫ 〭⥥⏵ޛ‬䳙⌾⊝㞡㜭⻁⿽ 䠶䯝 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹䩊⊁䁁䫝 ⊝㊝ ‫ ޜ‬㝂䬉ㆹ䳕 ⮕㸑㷹䯚㱱⏭ 㺝 ␍

⊁⻝䳙⌾ 䩊⊁㱑 ⎁䯝㱱⏭ ‫ ޜ‬䯝⏮⒱䎉㻱䲖䯚䴍㺝 ␍ 㺝䲹 T ? A >,9 0-2 䯝z㾒㺅䠶㷅㽽㺝⻝䯝 ⊁⻝⌾⎁㝊䋅㓅

⏑㱱⏭ ⌾䷭⦁䯚⏑ 㞞㜭䯚㶅 ⟽ㆹ ? A ㆹ䁁㵑䏝⩚㥞 Ⓛ㝂䷭ ‫⻝⊁ޛ‬⌾⎁ 䩊⊁⿽ 䠶䯝 ⑽⦁ 㱮㜭zㆹ䳕⋱〭㻱㞲㊪㯉㱑 ⎁䯝㱱⏭ ‫⦁ ޜ‬䯝 ⋵䐖䯚䴍⟽ㆹ䁒㺝 ␍ 㺝䲹 T ? A 㷵ㄾ⺥㱮㜭ㆹ䳕z⋱〭㷵㉹䁁 ⊝㞡㷅㶅䯝㲦㳹⊅䦑

⮕㸑㷹㱱⏭ ⩚ㄆ⦁䯚⏑ ㊖㜭䯚㶅⟽ㆹ ? A ㆹ䳕䌵㶢⎁⎒㐁 ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㊝㺅㊪䰦㢙〾㱱⏭ ? A LXXTW IR [MOMTIHME SVK [MOM 5YEVXMPI ? A Ⓛ㍒㴲 ⧹䦍㷵 (IPTLM 㐅㞞㊪㌖䜵㤥㺖㍵㺅⸶㱱 ⏭㠍 ? A 㰒䲝䁅䊾㷙㱮⹊ 䀞䁅㷅㶅䯝 ⦁䯚 ⊖㷙㥥ㄩ⧹ ⊝

㊝㢮㥥⦁䯚⏑ ㊖㜭䯚㶅⟽ㆹ ? A 㲥ㆹ䰦 ⧹䦍㷵 ⒱㌖⍽ %,4⿽ 䳝㴪䯝 ⏮⊁ ⊅ ⎁⎒

㜱㱆 ⌾㹂⺦䩊⊁䁁䫝 ⊝㊝㞹㼆⦁䯚⏑ ㊖㜭䯚㶅⟽ ㆹ ? A Ⓛ㲂㴲 Ⓛ⎒䲹 ⣵㉹⮕㰵㷙㉹⸙ ⧹䦍㷵㻱㜭㳁㥝

✙〭㲥 ⒱㌖㷅䠶䯝䝑㝊䯝⏮㰹⻡䁅䷦㸭⥩ ? A 6 0MOIVX ‫ޛ‬% XIGLRMUYI JSV XLI QIEWYVIQIRX SJ EXXMXYHIW ‫ ޜ‬%VGLMZIW SJ 4W]GLSPSK] :SP 2S T ? A ' , 0E[WLI ‫ޛ‬% 5YERXMXEXMZI %TTVSEGL XS 'SRXIRX :EPMHMX] ‫ ޜ‬4IVWSREP 4W]GLSP :SP TT

ᦥ᜽ᦥॵᯱᯙ ᦥ⋕ᯕቭ

㱱㜰zㆼ䳘⋴〰 ⍁⎄㷜 ⍹⍹⮘㸔㷼䩍⊄䁄䫠㱔 ⎄䯠㱴⏰ ? A 㸅㷁㯡㵑㲉䓙⽍䴩⍽ 䒢㺖㷅㶅䯝䩊⊁䁁䫝 ⊝㊝㱑

⎁䯝㱱⏭ ⋵⏮⦁䯚⏑ ㊖㜭䯚㶅⟽ㆹ

䳎 ⎁ 㞡 /[ER 7ISR ,SRK 㺖䴍㵑  ⟅ ⏮㉽⦁䯚⏑ 㻱䲖⦁䯚 ⋵

? A ⟹㤺㴪 ⧹䦍㷵 ⒱㌖㺅ㆹ㺂䠶䊱⻝㉹⸙㲉䒢䯙⒱

䐖䯚⍽ 䯚㜭

⏮䠡㱱⏭㵑

 ⟅ ⏮㉽⦁䯚⏑ ⦁䯚㵑 ⋵䐖

? A 㷵䁅㢚⿙䁁㞡 Ⓛ䯝✙ 㷵䷭㵑 ‫ޛ‬㥥✵ ⋱㽽⍶⊅㷙

䯚⍽ 㞞㜭

㺂㴪㝊䋅㱑 ⮱⿹ ⊑㞲㰵䶙㷙䩊⊁㐅㞞 ‫ ޜ‬䯝⏮㝊䋅䯚

 ⟅ ⏮㉽⦁䯚⏑ ⦁䯚㵑 ⋵䐖

䴍 ⟽ㆹ䁒㺝 ␍ 㺝䲹 TT

䯚⍽ ㊖㜭

? A 㷵㼆㞲㱱⏭㊪㌖ ⧹䦍㷵㊪㌖㞝㴹 ⏑㶢⍽䯚㜭 T ? A Ⓛ✩⋹ 0MOIVX 䌚⩅ ⊝㊝㷅㶅䯝 ㆹ䯮㞡㺖㊪㌖㷙

㓅⏑ 㐅㞞㱱㞹⦁䯚⏑ 㞞㜭䯚㶅⟽ㆹ ? A Ⓛ䲝⸁ 㷵䲝㽽㷵ㄆ䵉 ‫ޛ‬%,4㐅㞞㷅䠶䯝 ⍶⍶⍶⊅ 㷙 ⍶⍶㞲㺝⍡ ㊪㯉 ‫ ޜ‬䯝⏮䗙䟑䒡䯚䴍⟽ㆹ䁁㺝 ␍ 㺝䲹 TT ? A Ⓛ㴪⏭ ‫ޛ‬䁁㠎⊁⤦䯝 ⠎䎍䌵䱙ぉ㷅㞝㓅㤥㸑䌵䩊⊁ 㱱⏭ %,4⒱㌖㷅䳝㴪䯝 ⊁㾒䓙㺂㴪 ‫ ޜ‬⒱䎉㻱䲖䯚㱱⏭ 㺝 ␍ 㺝䲹 T ? A 㷵㢙㊲䯝㾒㓅⏑⿽ 䠶䯝㍵㷵䊩䬉䁉䩊⊁䁁䫝⊝㊝

㱑 ⎁䯝㱱⏭ ⧹䦍㷵 ⒱㌖⍽ ⍅䒶㺂㷙㜭⌱㺖㊪㌖ %,4 㶽⻝ ⌾䷭⦁䯚⏑ ㊖㜭䯚㶅⟽ㆹ ? A 㽽㱱㴱 ⏮㺝䴍㷙㍶䯪䁁⏭ 㞲⍽ 䩊⊁䁁䫝 ⊝㊝ ⧹䦍

㷵㳁 %,4 䳝㴪 ⌾䷭⦁䯚⏑ 㞞㜭䯚㶅⟽ㆹ

㺄㸔㠐 ⊠

⊖ ㊖ .MERK &S 㺖䴍㵑  ⟅ 㾒⏮ 㲍㜱⦁䯚⏑ ⮕㸑㷹䯚⍽ 䯚㜭  ⟅ 㾒⏮ 䯙㰽㓉㜭㌕⦁䯚⏑ ⮕㸑㷹䯚⍽ 㞞㜭  ⟅ 㵕 ࠂ 䲅㸭 ⩚㞝⦁䯚⏑ ⦁䯚㵑䳙⌾⮕㸑㷹䯚⍽ ㊖㜭⍽㺖 ⎁㥭㐅㯽" ⍶⍶⮕㸑㷹㓅㺖䲖 ⋵䐖ㆽ ⩅㥝㸭㝞

 ⟅ ࠂ 䲅㸭 ⩚㞝⦁䯚⏑ ⮕㸑㷹䯚⍽ ⏑㢙 ⎁㥭㐅㯽" ⍶⊅㺖㍵㐅㞞 ⩅㥝㸭㝞 '48)(

"TJB %FTJHO "SDIJWF ⦺֥ࠥ ⦺ʑ ࠺ᕽ‫⦺ݡ‬Ʊ ᯝၹ‫⦺ݡ‬ᬱ ॵᯱᯙ⦺ŝ

⦺ᚁḡ íᰍ‫ྙם‬ ⦽ǎᯝ్ᜅ✙⦺⫭ ᳑⩶ၙॵᨕ⦺ ǭ ⪙

ၙॵᨕ ᦥ✙ෝ ᮲ᬊ⦽ ➉ᖹ ᯝ్ᜅ✙౩ᯕᖹ ᩑǍ ႒ԉᵡ እॵ᪅ ᦥ✙ෝ ᵲᝍᮝಽ

ʡḥǎ ‫י‬ᮅᖁ Ʊᝁᱡᯱ ࠺ᕽ‫⦺ݡ‬Ʊ ᯝၹ‫⦺ݡ‬ᬱ ॵᯱᯙ⦺ŝ

687 6;79=:<7 ?> 687 @B9<=:A C7D:9 E?B 0 F? 0G H IG F?L7KJ7; I

MNNF QR HQ S0O@;:>=PG MNNF R*0HII* OT>B:>7P 8==[<XUUD?: ?;ZU I *V WIUYT6@C I 0 0

" #%&$' )( *+.,-)( /00&.%1+%-)( "330'-(2 45$-+ "1% *)6&.5$ )( 7+8 9&(5 :+-; <-$5) "1% ! $%#&" ,)(+*&' /-#&. 10 423 5 6 7 8 "9:+ ;=< $%#&" ,)(+*&' "> ? @ 5 6 7 8 5 A B 5 6 DFEEG C

! " # $ ! " % ! " ()'& * () +( * () -, * () () /. * () * () * * ()* * 0 ()0 0 1 2 4 35

" #%&$' )( *+.,-)( /00&.%1+%-)( "330'-(2 45$-+ "1% *)6&.5$ )( 7+8 9&(5 :+-; <-$5) "1% ! $%#&" ,)(+*&' /-#&. 10 423 5 6 7 8 "9:+ ;=< $%#&" ,)(+*&' "> ? @ 5 6 7 8 5 A B 5 6 DFEEG C

"=.%1+6% H I A I B I AA B J A A I 6 A K I B 8 8 L6 MFNDO B B 6 PA 8 A B I B I 6 C

! " ! J # ! " $ J " % " ! % # %

Q 42R MFNDS#T UV YWX (Y\Z([X _]^* a`' cebd Zf hgi ji lk^* hnmo rsqp u(wvxtR oz{y #}T| ~%R <2^* d i X s d i ,) / x o)d s p+ C t uld 2 ^ {y i d 2 p X t T c d s XZ i X s d ¡ hns ' (Y\ ¢£~ ¥¦¤ §X^* ,) / x o)d ¨] R ©^o ª C Q 42R ¬« Z([vxX ¨' l¨ °²¯±{® ³« X ´' s ¶µ °²¯± C ·« o ¸-{y X u(wvx i ,) / x o)d ¹º s C s sd k %R ½» ¼ À¿¾ Á Â¦ ¡ >sÃ' (Y\ sÃd ÄX Å_T Æv pÇq[ªR ½» kT ÈÊÉo ªR (Y\ c d 2Ë p+ C c ÌT -c¤ +4 oZYmo >sÃ{y Ë¤ ÍyÎ' Â¦ q[ i XZ lÏ > ªR ¥¦^ ,) / x o )X ~Ð d a* | qÑ C ÒÌ 42T% hns ' ÓÔ[ i (Y\ ¸nm' Z([X Õ©d Ö §X^* , ) / x o) ¨]o ]× oÙ[YØ ¸#i C }Ú[ Z([vx u(wvx ,) / x o)

ᦥ᜽ᦥॵᯱᯙ ᦥ⋕ᯕቭ

Ë#0ÛT% ÝÜ| ]l R (Y\ ßÞà oZ ßÅ á Ã l-T âã äo åpmp ª C ul 9ß æY t(w ç èX êé Z([R *ìë' Uxío #}Å qî% ï éY ðñT% Õ > ªR (Y\ ¢£y óò | ¥¦¤ Z([y a`qp ª C ,)áÃT%ô i Ë o YÌqp ª{® (Y\ ¢£md o i i r ômo ]× !õqp ª C ,) / x o) r ¸ öX >sÃ' ÷` X X r ÅtR øT% ù[Ä úû ì üýX 0! hns 'X Â¦ ç{y l¨qp ª{® þÿ¤ hns {yĀX ~V a` p ª C 'è ul' u(w hnX `Üy ăārĂ u(wvx¼ Ąà ąĆ^* `ÜX ¥¦T% ć > ªjo ,) / x o)' (Y\ ¢£X i ¥¦o ]× oÙ[Yp ª C oĈ| i ¢£ ĉ¦ ¡ Ë R # ^* ¸ Ċ{y Z([vx m >~ ª C Z([vxċ ul cÅ u(w úûì ç i Z([ o Ëi h ns d Č ® # ^{y MFNDS# o Ďčy < ¯op ]lrĂ u(wvx m > ª C oT Q 42T% R MFNDS#T YWX (Y\Z([X _]^* a`' c ebd Zf hgi ji lk^* hnmo rsqp u( wvxtR oz{y #}T| ~%R <2^* d i X s d i ,) / x o)d s p + i C t uld 2 ^ {y r ^ d 2 p X t T c d s i XZ i X s d ¡ hns ' (Y\ ¢£~ ¥¦¤ §X^* ,) / x o)d r R ©^o ª C

Z([R /-^{y #}¢£ ~fĂ C lÖ^ Z([* t(w ul æY 9ßįĮ vİt Ë#TR *ìë úûì Uxí ç (Y\ ¸nX ]Ïy * óò| ç` i (Y\Z([ıY _o Ĳ[Yp ª C Z([vxċ Ër#X èX êé Ç¯ lÏ >Ĕ* Z([ hnT Õ© i ĳ{y #}mo ðĴ| Õ R êé Z([ hnX > Ĕ{y sq¸T åĵbà 'è¼ u" Ķç× ķv Yp ª C Z([vxR MFĸDS#T% MF¹DS# Ĺ ĺX ¶µ#l oÒ ¢ ú' Z([X uĻ^ ]l{y * MFNDS#T% MFļDS# 0oT ~` !Ľ^* hn `ÜX Äy ]lq¸ rs C Z([vxR i lÏ >Ĕ * Z([~ ~! cebd ď¶ľ #}mT| ÕĿ C o i Ë à áÃÅ 0ÛT% #ŀ3á d Ł¶ľ #}T | ÊÕ^* ced łŃ ńvxT% Ŀ.d Ņd > ª CMņ

Q 42X 42ď à Đ' Ą C ¬« Z([vxX ¨' l¨ °²¯± C ³« X ´' s ¶µ °²¯± C ·« o ¸-{y X u(wvx i ,) / x o)d ¹º s C s sd k %R ½» ¼ À¿¾ Á Â¦ ¡ >s Ã' (Y\ sÃd ÄX Å_T Æv pÇq[ªR ½» kT ÈÊÉo ªR (Y\ c d 2Ë p+ C c X êđ R Ēo ē ÅĔ #Äĕ Ė ėX åô ÊÕ Ęc ¡ ę ė -lrĂ Ò $c {y ėěrĚ C * X Ëà ĕĜęX t*' ĝÂi ÞĞd o i Íy Î{y Ë ¡ c X ğ Ġi oZY¼ #u~ q[ c X $ d ġ ôĢ ģÇ p H t X ød ĥtĤ ¸Ċ{y Ë ¡ (Y\ c ' 2 t X [ħĦd 2Ë p+ C 42X ĨĊ{yR Z([vx¼ u(wvxT ĩ ¤ ď d k ďĪ &k īß' &ÛY *ìë +Ĭ o ¡ pĭ C

Z([vxX r]º } ÄR MFNDS# u(wvxX ç `T% uŇ¤ C u(wvxX ň {yR Ī ' ď ^ ŉ î Ĺ ~Yy ÄŊ > ª C ŋ: Ī ^ ŉîà s X Ī d 2 R ul' Ąà o Ī^ d ~Yp s X i Ōō{y s | ¤ C ď ^ ŉîà ŏŎİŐ o)X >Ĕ* c o ÊÕ^ XZlÏd ® c {y *i d ~Y| ¤ CĸņMFļDS#T% MFőDS# Z( [vxR úûì ¸-{y hn~¼ Œ&+mX œÃo Ĥ oÙÑ C oÒ úûì r Ŕ' üýX ]l{y * ºŕ #}Åq® à a`qÑ{Ä hn s ^ X ZR Ŗŗ C MFFDS# oÒ Z([vxR úûì r Ŕ' üýT Ó ¡ o: Þr ŔıY 0 qÑ C fp *ìë' (Y\Z([X ¯ĵ{y * (Y\ Řŗ mX ^ř^ > o oÙ[Y® i ĨŚ{yX Z([v x~ ñqp ª CśņZ([vxR ¸nX ]l' ĳd 2 Ë R ¢£ ŚT Ŝt% ŝ| u(wvx (Y\ vx ŏŎİŐo) vxy ÄŞ[ ć > ª C ¬ ĺ« u(wvxR Ī ^ Řŗ* u(w ģV uŇ ď ^* şŠŋ ŏŎİŐo) š'X Ţs ç i ąĆ^* Śd Ľi C MFNDS# ţ# u(w ťŤtX ç`{y * þÿ^* c X s Ŧ ė ăŧ o ~Ð | qî% ¸öX ul' cÅ¼R Ũ XZ Yũ C u(w ģVsÃT%R hn~¼ Ū+X r ^ Œĝ^ Đe^ ŗÖd k ¡ Zn Śd ¥¦ Ţ - ^ Œĝd óò| 2 > ª C MFFDS# oÒ ú ûìX ]l{y * hn~mà u(w c d i ó P\ ]G ^'& ` _ aG cb `G SSS P efdG \gih 1kj ml pqon r ]G ts + u OL?B PG rv tw xyzG I QG [ R *P e{|G\rv () ]G ~v y} 3 ` y _y 3G I VG [ V

òp _Ĳà ¸n^ ÕĿo ~Ð ūp ĎĿTR *ìë' (Y\ ßÞX ]l{y * (Y\ c ç Ď9 ŭŝŬy Y u(w¼ Â¦rŮR ąĆ^* s mô sqp ª C šmX $s Đ ů ŖY ç i Ű% *Ś ¤ Ç¯ Ųy üű ¡ ěų^ r ^* - d Įm¸ô i C w xfv 9X Z([vx s~ Ųf Ŵŵ BB Ŷ ņX ~þ ªR ôr ŵŷ 6 K Á MFFNņ Ÿ ĦMŹ à šo pÇq[ªR +lè źp ŻÏd ÈÊoî Ł T ģV¤ u(w Ųyż)T% úûì üý{y 2 ¤ ~ X ôr £Ć | i C X Ť~xŽ ŵ 6 ĸDD¹ņŸ ĦĸŹR MED¨X êİìy 2 ¤ žźĤ ŚX oZYmo ÝŨ Ìôy Åî lěq[ šmT| r ^ Y - d /{Ů| i C

+ G ! "G G II0 G SSQ O X 8==[<XUU <A:7> O X8==[XUU K H K A7=:K7< A? ;U>7 <U lsH A?KU K:D I 9A= D=B :D SR*SP ¡H£¢¤ H H H+ H UP

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ᦥ᜽ᦥॵᯱᯙ ᦥ⋕ᯕቭ

"TJB %FTJHO "SDIJWF ⦺֥ࠥ ⦺ʑ ࠺ᕽ‫⦺ݡ‬Ʊ ᯝၹ‫⦺ݡ‬ᬱ ॵᯱᯙ⦺ŝ

⦺ᚁḡ íᰍ‫ྙם‬ ⦽ǎ⎹▱⊁⦺⫭ ⦽ǎ⎹▱⊁⦺⫭‫ྙם‬ḡ ǭ ⪙

5JL5PL ᯕᬊ࠺ʑa ᔍᬊᯱ ၡ₊ࠥᨱ ၙ⊹۵ ᩢ⨆

᪶ᯱᖁ ʡᖙ⪵ Ʊᝁᱡᯱ ࠺ᕽ‫⦺ݡ‬Ʊ ᯝၹ‫⦺ݡ‬ᬱ ॵᯱᯙ⦺ŝ

LXXTW HSM SVK ./'%

8MO8SO 㷸㴭⩝⒴⊄ 㜰㴭㸔㊄䊭⩈㱔㉼䓜⤘ 㲅䰩

% 7XYH] SR XLI )JJIGX SJ 8MO8SO 1SXMZEXMSR SR 9WIVW 7XMGOMRIWW 㳙㸔㞤 Ⓞ㞼䳘

⩚㞝⦁䯚⏑ 㷽㊙⦁䯚㵑 ⮕㸑㷹䯚⍽ ⩚㞝⦁䯚⏑ ⮕㸑㷹䯚㐁

>M <YER ;ERK [ERK^M\YER $KQEMP GSQ 7I ,[E /MQ GZIXPEREOMQ$KQEMP GSQ 㴘㰁㍹㱱⏭㱑㞝⤕ 㷵㴪⍽ き㻲㷵⻡㷅㊕䝖㶽⻝ 8MO8SO 㷵㴪 ⩚⒱ 㲥ⷾ䐕⏭ 㺖㍵䐕⏭ 㝂䲹㸒㴪㸑⒱䫝䲅 ⩅䮽㷙 ⊖⩅㳁 ⊂ ⩚⒱⊁ 㜭㴪㸑㷙㊁䊪⩅ 㷵㴪㓉⩅ 㷵㴪㥝⊅ 㱑㉹䓙⤕ 㲂䰦㷅㻱㜭䯙㲁⥥ 㾒⏮㷹 8MO8SO 㜭㴪㸑⭥㷅 ⦁㝂㶽⻝㻱㜭䯙㱭 ⋵㷙㻱㜭⌱⍽⿽ 㐅㞞䯝 ⌱⍽⤕ ⥥㷍⍽ ⊚⥥ 䌬䁹 8MO8SO 㷵㴪 ⩚⒱㷙 ⊖⩅⤕ 㲥ⷾ䐕⏭ 㺖㍵䐕⏭ 㝂䲹㸒㴪㸑⒱䫝䲅 ⩅䮽㢝㞝⻝ ✙䝁✭㶽ヱ㷵㾒㲥ⷾ䐕⏭㳁 ⩅䮽㷙 ⩚⒱⤕ 㱭㞲㷙 ⌾㴱⊁ ✩㞲㷙 ⌾㴱㍵⥥ ⧕ ⠓㯙⥥ ⫙䁹㜭㴪㸑㊁䊪⩅ 㾒㷵㴪㓉⩅㱑 ⦁䯵㞝⤕ 㜭㴪㸑㷙㲥ⷾ䐕⏭ 㝂䲹㸒㴪 ⩅䮽 ⭲ ⩚⒱㷙㲂䰦⺦㷵㶡㷙㉹䯝 ⌄㶽⻝ ✙䝁✭㶽ヱ㝂䲹㸒㴪㷙㲂䰦⺦㷵 ⠓㯙⥥ 㟌䁹㷵㴪㥝⊅㱑 ⦁䯵㞝⤕ 㲥ⷾ䐕⏭ ⩅䮽 ⭲ ⩚⒱㷙㲂䰦⺦㷁㶡㷙㉹䯝 ⌄㶽⻝ ✙䝁✭⥥ 㷵⤕ 㲥ⷾ䐕⏭ 㝂䲹㸒㴪 ⑹〭⍡ 䲅㥥㷅 ⩅䮽䯙⍡ 㥷㷅 ⯍㱑 8MO8SO㷅㸑㽽㷵㴪䯙⌍ ⪙⍡ 㲥ⷾ䐕⏭✙ 䲅㥥㷅 ⩅䮽⿽ 䯙⍡ 㥷㷅 ⯍ 8MO8SO 㷵㴪㥝⊅⩅ Ⓓ㰵䁅⥥⤕ ⌄㷅㷙㉹䯝⥥ ࣜ 㾕㥰㰸 䁫㷄 ⩝㲅㝅䥵䠥㷸㴭⩝⒴㷸㴭⎀ ぐ㻵㷸⻤㜰㴭㸔㊄䊭⩈G

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ࣜ OI][SVH 7LSVX 1SZMI 'PMT8MO8SO1SXMZEXMSR9WEKI ERH 7EXMWJEGXMSR 8LISV]'YWXSQIV 7XMGOMRIWW

㍼ ⠀ㆼ㷄䯠⏱䗜䟔䒤䯝䴐㼉䯭䯝㢤⦄䴐㴴㢜⠀ㆼ㸉⥌⥨ 㺕㢜㸀㸔 ⟈ 㵘㸀㢜㺙㸀㸔 ⟈ 㵘㸀

㥰㜰㳈⽐㸀 ⟈ 㵘㸀 ⏔㥤㺄㸔 Ⓞ㞼䳘 I QEMP GZIXPEREOMQ$KQEMP GSQ

동서대학교 | IP:203.241.***.7 | Accessed 2021/11/30 12:58(KST)

䯠⏱䗜䟔䒤䯝䴐⠀ㆼ䁄 :SP 2S

- 㞠⻤

㷵䵅⻝⤕ ✩㞲㍵⥥ 㱭㞲㜭㴪㸑⊁ ☹㾁䯙⌍ 㯾⊅ ⧕ く㷁 ⌄㶽⻝ ✙䝁✭⥥? A

⟅ ⦁ ⭥㰵 + ➥䤹㵍䛭 ;M *M 㤥ぉ䤹䩱㷵

㷵㳁 ⊚㷁㞝㓅㤥㷵㴪⹊㷙 ⒊䀞⍽ 䩮➔㷁㜭㴪㸑㱱

㍵䨹䳕⪙ヵ㞝䁨㷁䛵〾㲂㝂 WLSVX QSZMI GPMT 㷵䯙

⺺㐅䩭㱑 ⮱ⷽ 㷵㺝 8MO8SO㷙㞝㓅㤥㺅⸶㷁㜭㴪㸑

䁨㷁 ⩚㲂㝂䲖㥞㷙䗙䟑䒡⊁ 㷹䞱➸㶽⻝ ⍶㶡⪙⒱ 㥝

㶡䓙㱑㞝㜭㴪㸑㱑 ⦁䯝㶡䁁 ⎁〭⻝㺅䳙⪡ 䯅㴕⊁ 㸉

㸒䰉⥥ ⟅ 㷵䵅㱑⤕ + ➥䤹㵍䛭㷙㍵⒊⍽ 䯩╙

⥥ 㷵⿽ 㶅䯵㍹㱱⏭㱑㞝⤕ 8MO8SO 㷵㴪 ⩚⒱㳁㊁

䁨㷁 ⩚㲂㝂㯲㷙 ⍶⒊⍽ 㷵㴪⩅ 䛭⌍ 䀞⊁䰉⤕⧱ ⦁

䊪⩅ WXMGOMRIWW 䲖㞲㱑㲂䰦⺦㷵 ⠓㷁㷵㴪 ⩚⒱⭥㷅

䫝㺂㷹㞝㓅㤥⻝ 8MO8SO 䥲䠢 ‫ޚ‬㷅 ⭥ 㢙㸉⥥

⌁䠡䯙⍡ ⑹㱑㺂䯪䯝 8MO8SO㷙㞝㓅㤥㊪䰦㷅㺝㯉

8MO8SO 㷁 ⥥㰒䯝㯅㷵⮕㰵⿽ 䎉㱑㞝㐅㷵✵㷙

䯙⍡㸑䯝⥥

㢐䩽 WLSVX JSVQ 㷙䲖䝝⻝㺝㸒z⍶㶡䯙⤕ 㞝㓅㤥㷵⥥ 㷵㞝㓅㤥⤕ ⟅ 㵕 % QIⷽ⤕ 㷵々㷙㷍㯆 ⩚㲂㝂 ⍶㶡䕥㈥⥉䥱㯲㱑㞝㥝㸒䯵 ⑹䯵㵕㒍⸝⭝ㄆ㷅 (SY]MR 圾⃴ 㶽⻝㍁⌾䰉⥥⊁? A ⟅ 㵕㱑 ⒁⻝㌍䁅䐝㷅㶅䯝㌅㺅㷹 8MO8SO㶽⻝ ⥥㥝䐝㥝⪙ 㱉⥥? A

ߏ 㷸⻤㺅㊴⍁ 727㳄䁫㷄 ⩝㲅㝅 ⍹㶤㠍㟝 ➥䤹㵍䛭㞝㓅㤥 727 ⤕ 㠍㟝 ➥䤹㵍䛭✙ 㠍㟝 ➥䤹㵍䛭⿽ ⏭䐖䯙⤕ 㲩ⷽ㷹㞝㓅㤥⻝㱭⒱㱑㞝㜭㴪㸑⤕ ⊝㷹㷙䁂㱆䑩㉹䳝⩚ ㊱⌾ ⭲ 㥥㝞䳝 ⍶㶡⿽ 䠶䯵䝁㷹⍽ 㝂䲹㸒㴪䳝⩚㷅䯡㢙㸉⥥? A 㷵⹭䯝㝂䲹㸒㴪㷁 ➥䤹㵍䛭㝂㷙 ⏭㞲㵑⭥㷅㱱⌱㥝䖝㝉⻝㴵㜭䴍䁒⥩㷅䲖㞲䯡㢙㸉⩅⻞䯙⍡ 䲖㞲⪝ ⎁⍅⿽ 㶡䁁

⑼぀ 8MO8SO ⧴㷸䞴㯨䥴㒐㶤㺄 EGXMZI YWIV ㊓ ⒄⻠㌐㯵 ⥨㴸⻠⭠834 ? A

8MO8SO㷙㺅㥡㷹 (SY]MR㐁䞱㾒⏮ ✵㢙㥝㸦㷅 ⒱ ㊙㶽⻝䬎㐁䯝㜭㴪㸑䒶㷅䳖㍵䯙㲁⍡ 8MO8SO 䐝㥝㷵䵅 ⦁⦁㺂㷹㞝㓅㤥䏝㺂䳕㳁 ⊝ 㰹㰵㌅㺅㷅㞝㓅㤥䯙⤕ ⭲㷙 ⒁⻝㌍䳕⿽ ⋱䓙ヵ㞝㞹⍅㺂㶽⻝㢙㰶㷙㜭㴪㸑⿽ ⊁䁁⌍ ⪙㱉⥥ 㺅㞹⍅㺂㶽⻝㰶㌉㷵㝂 ⥥㴵⻝⭝ ⪙㱉⍡ 7IRWSV 8S[IV ⟅ 㵕䯝 ⥭㱑きき㌉ ⟅ 㵕䯝 ⥭ ⩚㯉㱑⤕ き㌉ ⥥㴵⻝⭝ ⪙㱉㶽ヱ? A 㷽㍅㲂㝂㻱䴍㢙⤕ 㰶㑱 ZMI[ 㱑㷵⿹⥥?⑹〽 A ⟅ 㵕 ⒱㾁㶽⻝ 8MO8SO㷁㯾㰶ㄆ㷙㯢䥱㒍㶡㺁 EGXMZI YWIV 䳝㞲㜭㴪㸑 ⿽ ㍵㶡䯙⍡ 㸉⤕ ⌄㶽⻝䐕㺖⪝⥥ %TT %TI㱑㞝 ⟅㐁䞱 ⟅Ⓧ䁁䯝⏮㷙㜭㴪㸑⭥㷅 ⦁㝂㶽⻝㻱㜭䯝㜭㴪㸑㱱⺺⦁⿽ 㜵䨵㍵ヵ䐝㥝䁂䵅㱑⤕ ⦁ 㜭㴪㸑㓅㶩㷵㺖⩅⻝㯖⩅㺂㶽⻝ ⠓㯙㶽✙ ⟅ 㷵䵅⻝ ⦁㷙㓅㶩⩅ ☹㾁三㝂㤺䯙㱭 ⦁⊁ 㽽㜭㴪㸑⊁ ⪙㱉⍡ ⟅ 㵕

䯙⌍ 䯝⥥ %QIVMGE 3RPMRI 4VSHMK] 'SQTY7IVZI ⍽ ⊚㷁㷹䞱➸㷙䎉⒱ 㠍㟝 ➥䤹㵍䛭㞝㓅㤥㱑㞝㐁䞱 ? A ㊝㺅⪝ 8LIKPSFI GSQ 㱑⤕ ⦁䳕㊪㷅䠶䯵㜭⸍⭥㷅㱱⌱䯙⍡ ⊝㷹䳉䨙㷵䁁⭥㷅䠶䯵㺖㍵㳁㯅㷵⮕㰵⿽ ⍶㶡䯙⤕ ⒱⤦㷵㸉㱉⥥ ⟅⦁ け㱑⤕ 䊩㞹⦁ 㠍㟝 ➥䤹㵍䛭㞝㓅㤥 727 ⊁ ⭲㸦䯙㸑ぉ㸑 ⒊ 〉三䳖㜱⪙㱉⤕⧱ 㷵⯍ 727㷙䤺䁖㷁㜭㴪㸑⊁ 㸑㥡㷙䓝⏭ ㄪ⻞㷅 ⎁〭䯙⍡ ⥥⿹ 㜭⸍㷅 ⌁㝊䯙㱭㝉⻝㴵 ⎁⍅⿽ 䲖㞲䯡㢙㸉⩅⻞䯙⤕ ⌄㷵㱉⥥ 㲉⿽ ⭥㰵 3TIR (MEV]㳁 ⊚㷁㞝㓅㤥㱑㞝⤕ 䓝⏭⻝ ⭲⻞⪝ 㜭㴪㸑き䗙䟑䒡㳁〭㑱⿽ 㷵㴪䯡㢙㸉⤕ ⒱⤦⭥㷵㺝⍶⪙ 㱉⥥ 㷵㰵㞝 '][SVPH *EGIFSSO ⭲㷙㞝㓅㤥⭥㷵㸈⮱ⷽ 䐝㥝⪙ヵ㞝 727㞝㓅㤥⊁ ⦁㾒䳕⪙ 㱉⥥? A 727㞝㓅㤥⿽ ⒱㊙㶽⻝㊪⦁䯝㺖㍵⭥㷵 ⥥㰒䯝䟎㤥䤹㳁㷍㵑㊐㷵㉹䁁㳁㲂㝂䦍㷽 ⭲㷙䲖䝝⻝ ⍶㶡⪙ ⍡ 㸉⥥ 㷵䌙⹽ ⥥㰒䯙⍡ ㊪⦁䯝㺖㍵⭥㷙㻱䴍㊐ ⌁ 㝊㱑㸉㰵㞝㜭㴪㸑⭥㷁㓅㶅⍅㺂 ⃑୨⁾ 㷵ヱ䦍䨹㺂㷹㷵㴪䰊䝝⿽ ㍵㷵⍡ 㸉⥥ 8MO8SO⤕ 㷵⹭䯝㜭㴪㸑

동서대학교 | IP:203.241.***.7 | Accessed 2021/11/30 12:58(KST)

ᦥ᜽ᦥॵᯱᯙ ᦥ⋕ᯕቭ

8MO8SO 㷸㴭⩝⒴⊄ 㜰㴭㸔㊄䊭⩈㱔㉼䓜⤘ 㲅䰩

㷙㺖㍵䝑㝊䦩䞵㷅䁨㷁 ⩚㲂㝂䗙䟑䒡㳁 ⌱䯪㥝䖝㝉

㲂㝂㷅㺝㥝䯵㞝㓅㤥㷵㴪㷅䁁㠎㥝䜭㢙㸉⥥ ➸䁹

⻝㴵㓅䀉⥉㤥ㄩ⧹⻝㊝㺅㥝䜩 ⌄㷵⥥

⥥㰒䯝䎭㲂㊐㲂㝂䨹䁒 ⒱⤦⍽ ⍶㶡 ⒱⤦㷅䠶䯵㣾 ⍡ 㸭㉹㸉⌍ 㜷㷅 ⍶㶡䯙⍡ ⧕ ✙㯅⊁ ⷽ㷵㒍㊪㠢㊐䲒㱆㺝㸒㷅 ⊁⤦䯙⌍ 䯝⥥? A

8MO8SO 㯵㞠㓈㤨䁨㷁 ⩚㲂㝂 ⍶㶡㞝㓅㤥⤕ 㤥ぉ䤹䩱㶽⻝ ⦁㝂㷅㓡 ⿵⌍ 䎭㲂䯙⍡ 䨹䁒䯙⍡ 㥥㥝⊅㶽⻝ ⍶㶡䯙⤕ 㞝㓅㤥

㷸㴭 ⩝⒴㱔 ⦄䯠㞤䰍㱴⏰

⻝フ㥝䁁⿽ づ㴱䁂⎁㺂㷵⍡ 㥥䌵㺂㷹䲖㥞㶽⻝㺅⥭

) 䓵䒡⊁ 㺝㥝䯝㷵㴪⍽ き㻲ㄩ⧹ 8LISV] SJ 9WI

䯙⤕ 䤺䁖㷵㸉⒱ ⯍ㆹ㱑㊕㛝䲅⦁㷹㷙㝞䳝㰒㥞⍽ ⒱

ERH +VEXMJMGEXMSR 㷁㜭㴪㸑㷙㸑㊝㞲㱑 ⑽⋱⿽ ⫕

䲹㱑㺂䯪䯝㠍䠶㊪㥞㶽⻝䩊⊁⪝⥥ )]I 1IHME 䕩㞥

㉹⮕㰵㷵㴪⌾䱙㱑 ⎁䯝㱱⏭㷵⥥ 1&% 㥲䛭䝲䛭㊲

䦆 ᭷໧ൖ肊㷙㜱㱆㍵⍡㞝 ? A

⍽ 1&%ዪ医᠚ᣬ 㱑㞝⤕ 㷵㴪⍽ き㻲㷵⻡㷅㜭㴪㸑㷙

䁨㷁 ⩚㲂㝂㯲㞝㓅㤥㷙㱮㜭⤕ ⥥㷍⍽ ⊚⥥

㸆㸦㱑㞝㷵㴪䯙⤕ ㉹⮕㰵㱑 ⦁䯝㷵㴪 ⩚⒱㳁 ⑹㱑 ⮱

⟅ 㵕㉹⏮㱑㞝 ⩚㲂㝂㷅䎭㲂䯵 ⍶㶡䯙⤕ ⒱⤦㷵㸉

⿹ き㻲䐪㻲㴕㷹㷅㐅㞞䯩㶽⻝㧩㉹⮕㰵㷵㴪㷵㜭㴪

⤕ 7SGMEPGEQ 㷵ⷽ⤕ 㯲㷵䐝㥝⪙㱉⥥ ⊚㷁䯵㵕

㸑㱑⌍ 㽽⤕ 㥭〭㺂䰊⩚㺂䴩㴪㞲㷅㱱⏭䯙⤕ ⌄㶽⻝

䐝㥝⪝ :MHH]㱑⤕ 㲂㝂䯅䞱㳁㷍㯆㷅䐕⊁䯡㢙㸉⤕

㺖㷙䯝⥥? A 㱭⒱㱑㞝㜭㴪㸑⤕ ㉹⮕㰵⿽ 㷵㴪䯙⒱㱑

䨹䁒 ⒱⤦㷵 ⧕䯵㻍⥥ ⟅ 㵕 8[MXXIV㱑㞝㲂㝂

㯟㞝䲖㞲⪝ 㷽㺖䯝 ⩚⒱⿽ 䐪㻲䯙⒱ 㶅䯵㉹⮕㰵⿽ 㷵

䎭㲂⍽ ⍶㶡 ⒱⤦㷅 ⊗䐙㯲㷹 :MRI㷅䐝㥝䯙ヵ㞝䁨

㴪䯝⥥⍡ ㍵⒱ ⯍ㆹ㱑㷵㴪⍽ き㻲㱱⏭㱑㞝⤕ 㜭㴪㸑

㷁 ⩚㲂㝂 ⍶㶡㞝㓅㤥⊁ ㍹〉䳕⪙㱉⥥ ⊚㷁䯵㵕

⿽ ⤦⩚㺂㢙㴪㸑 EGXMZI EYHMIRGI ⻝㺅㺝䯙⍡? A

-RWXEKVEQ⩅ 㲂㝂䎭㲂 ⒱⤦㷅 ⊝㊝䯙㲁⥥ ⟅

㜭㴪㸑㷙㰵Ⱑ䯝㴕⏭ RIIHW 㳁㉹⮕㰵㳁䗙䟑䒡⿽ 㞡

㵕 1YWMGEP P]⊁ 䐝㥝⪙㱉⍡ 㷵㰵 ⟅ 㵕

䝞䯙⌍ 䯙⤕⊁⿽ ⩅䐝䯙⤕⧱ 㱱⏭㷙㾒㺑㷅 ⫕⥥

8MO8SO㷙㺅㥡㷹 % QI⊁ 㾒⏮㱑㞝䐝㥝⪙㱉㶽ヱ

䓵䒡 ⑹〭㓅䓙䱥㤥 ⤕ ㉹⮕㰵㷵㴪㷙㜭䴍

⟅ 㵕 8MO8SO㷁 ⒁⻝㌍㥝㸦㱑䁅䐝䯙㲁⥥

㊐㥭〭㺂 ⒱⤦㱑 ⎁䯝㱱⏭⭥⻝㐁䞱 ⊁䁁㷙 ⥥㰒䯝

⟅ 㵕 &]XI(ERGI⤕ 1YWMGEP P]㷅㷹㢙䯙㲁

㷹㸑⭥㷅䐕䐝䯙㱭㷹䁁㴖⏭ ⊑㺖㴖⏭ ⊝㷹䠶䯪㴖

⍡ ⟅ 㵕 8MO8SO㶽⻝䯪㍒⪙㱉⥥

⏭ 㜭䴍䠶䯪㴖⏭ 㤥䤹⺉㤥䯵㠍㴖⏭ ⊁䁁⻝㐅⿙䯙㲁⥥? A 䌬䁹㷹䁁㴖⏭⤕ 㺖㍵䁁㥞㷵䯵䴎⭞㷅㶅䯵㉹⮕㰵⿽ 㷵㴪䯙⌍ ⪙⤕ ⌾䰦㷅㷙㉹䯝⥥ ⫙䁹 ⊑㺖㴖⏭⤕ 䀑⋱㵁㷵✙ ㉹㺂䌵䱙㷅㶅䯵㉹⮕㰵⿽ 㷵㴪䯙⤕ ⌾䰦㷵⥥ 㟌䁹 ⊝㷹䠶䯪㴖⏭⤕ ⊝㷹 ⊅ 㥡⼱㞲 ⊖䳕✙ 㸑㥡㷙䁁㶅 ⏴三⒱ 㶅䯵㉹⮕㰵⿽ 㷵㴪䯙⤕ ⌾䰦㷵⥥ ➸䁹㜭䴍䠶䯪㷙㴖⏭⤕ ⊁㻲䓝⏭ ⭲⍽ 㺒

⑼぀䁫㷄䛸ぁ㲅㝅㯵㞠㓈㤨㱱㜰

8MO8SO 㯲㷙㽽㴕 ⒱⤦⍽ 䤺䁖㷁 ⥥㷍⍽ ⊚⥥ 䌬䁹 ⩚㲂㝂㱑㊱⌾㷍㯆㷅䐕⊁䯙⋱✙ 㜭㴪㸑㷙㷍㞲㷅䐕 ⊁ 䯡㢙㸉㶽ヱ㲂㝂㷙㠎⩅⿽ 㻱㺉䯙㱭 ㄱ㸆⩅ ⠓㷁㲂㝂㷅㺝㸒䯡㢙㸉⥥ ⫙䁹 ⩚㲂㝂㺝㸒䵅 8MO8SO 㷅䠶䯵㊱䩭䯙⋱✙ ⥥⿹ 㜭㴪㸑⊁ ㊱䩭䯝䁨㷁 ⩚㲂㝂㷅㍵ヵ㞝㥭〭㺂㯉㺖⊑㷅㰼㷅㢙㸉⥥ 㟌䁹㓆 ⧱ 㷵䞱⿽ 䳝㴪䯝㤥ぉ䤹㯍⍡〭䀙㶽⻝ 8MO8SO 㜭㴪㸑㷙䰊⩚ 㞡䲹⩅ 㥝䌮㤶⎁ 㼌㯅㴕 ⎁㥭⩅ 㱑 ⮱ⷽ 䐕䌝

䎊䯙⒱ 㶅䯵㉹⮕㰵⿽ 㷵㴪䯙⤕ ⌾䰦㷵⥥ ⥥㞰䁹㤥䤹⺉㤥䯵㠍㱑 ⦁䯝㴖⏭⤕ 㽽⻝㤥䤹⺉㤥⻝㐁䞱㽽㷙⿽ 㐅㜱㥝䜥⍡㸑䯙⤕ ⩅䮽⌾䰦㷅㷙㉹䯝⥥ 㷵⹭䯝㉹⮕ 㰵㷵㴪㷙㴖⏭⿽ 㷵㴪 ⩚⒱ⷽ⍡ 䯙⤕⧱ 㷵㴪 ⩚⒱⤕ ⊝㷹㷵㰵Ⱕ 䰊⩚㷵✙ ㄪ䫝⿽ 㾁㓅䯙⩅⻞䯙⤕ ⥩⍅✙ ⲑ⤕ 䰊⩚䯙⍡ 䁁㠎㺂䯙⤕ 㥭〭㺂フ䕥⥉䀙㶽⻝㺖㷙 ⪝⥥ 727㷙㷵㴪㱑 ⦁䯵㞝 ⥥㰒䯝㞡䰊㱱⏭⊁ 䁅䰊⪝ ㊕㸉⤕⧱ ⍾㶥䷭ ⤕ 727 㷵㴪 ⩚⒱⿽ 㷹㺂⏑⿙㺖㍵䝑㝊㲥ⷾ 㸑⒱ 䳖㷹 ⊁䁁 ⩚⒱⻝㐅⿙䯙㲁⤕⧱

동서대학교 | IP:203.241.***.7 | Accessed 2021/11/30 12:58(KST)

䯠⏱䗜䟔䒤䯝䴐⠀ㆼ䁄 :SP 2S

㷵㾒㷹㺂⏑⿙ ⩚⒱⤕ 㞝㓅㤥䳝㞲䳕㱑䲅㺁䯝㲂䰦㷅

㌘㰵✙ 㸡㥝䴍䮽䯙⍡㸑䯙⤕ 㷙⩅ⷽ⍡ 䯙㲁⥥? A

㉹䓙⤕ ⌄㶽⻝ ✙䝁✭⥥? A 0M ,IRK 㷙㱱⏭㱑㞝⤕ ㄩ㊕㷽 ⌍㸅㷵㴪 ⩚⒱⿽ 㱱⏭䯙㱭㱭⊁ 㲥ⷾ㞲 ⩚⒱ 㷹⊅⎁⍅ ⩚⒱ 䲅㥥㞲䴍䮽 ⩚⒱⻝㐅⿙䯙㲁⥥ ? A

;ERK >LSRK\M ,YER <MESLS RK

㜭㴪㸑㊁䊪⩅ 'YWXSQIV 7XMGOMRIWW ⤕ ‫ޙ‬䲅㸭㷙䐪㞲⩅‫ޚ‬㳁㶡㜭䯝 ⊝⟑㶽⻝㍹⸙⤕ ⍡⊞㷵䤺㺖䴍㜭㷙

䫠 8MO8SO⎄⺬㞤䰍㱴⏰㸔⭨㷜㷸㴭 ⩝⒴ 㱴⏰ 䐠䌜

㜰㴭㸔㊄䊭⩈

㷸㴭 ⩝⒴

⩝㲅㝅㺙㍸㷸㴭䯜⤘ 㜰⸐⭨ 㝅䲼㸕㴭㞵㜰㴭䨼㷜㞵 ⩈䯀㞵㺙㍸㺕⒀㞵 ⩝㲅㝅㷈㺠㸕䯜⍤ ⍹㶤䯜⤘ 㜰⸐⭨ 㝅䲼㸕㴭㺙㍸㺕⒀㞵㷼㺙㸔⒴ 䫠䲈㞵 ⩈䯀㞵 ⒴⻡㞵 ⎄㤹㺅㷸㴭㞵㜰䴐㺅㴘㷼

㜰䴐㺅 ⏔⿜㜰䴐㺅㥤㐈㱔 ⦄䯠㷜㥡

㥰〰㺅㴘㷼

㲨⸁ 䲼⒴㥰䑬㉼㸔㯈㥨䲈㷸䝄㾀㷜㳼㐄㷼㟀䥴㒐

⒴㢤㺅㴘㷼

㜰㴭㞵㶤㴭㞵

㺝䬉㷵✙ 㞝㓅㤥⿽ ⍅㠎㜭㴪䯙ヱ ⑹ 䴍㜭㳁㶡䊪⎁⍅ ⊁ 䲖㞲⪙⤕ 㺖⩅⿽ 㷙㉹䯙㲁⤕⧱? A? A 㷹䞱➸ 㓅䀉⥉㤥⊁ 䳝㞲䳕⪙ヵ㞝㷹䞱➸ 㜱㱆㱑㞝㽽㴕䯙⌍ ⥥ ⽩㰵䁁⌍ ⪙㱉⥥ 䎉⒱㱑⤕ 㵺㜭㷵䤹㷙䴩⍽⿽ 三䤹 LMX 㢙㳁䨙㷵䁁㑱 TEKI ZMI[ 㢙⿽ ⒱㾁㶽⻝㊁䊪⩅ ⿽ 䩊⊁䯙⤕⧱ 㺖㍵㷙䴩⍽㞲㷵㺝⒱⪙ヵ㞝㷽⊅㷵✙ 㵕⊅ ㊪ㆹ㸑 ZMWMXSV 㢙⿽ ⒱㾁㶽⻝䒢㺖䯙⤕ ㊪㌖㶽⻝㊕⚍㱉㶽✙ 㷵䒢㺖䌚⩅ ⲑ䯝㵺㜭㷵䤹㷵㴪⹊㷅䴩

⎄㐄㵔㸔⒴䫠䲈㲨⸁䐘⏰ 㺙㍸䐘⏰ 㠐䠹 ⩈䯀㞵

⍽㺂㶽⻝㞥ㄆ䯙䁁⍡ 㸉䁁 ㄼ䯙⥥⤕ 䁁㺂㷅㊜㯙⥥ ? A

8MO8SO㷙㷵㴪 ⩚⒱㱑 ⦁䯵㞝⩅ 㞡䰊㱱⏭⭥㷵䁅䰊

䏝⑽㱑⤕ ㊁䊪⩅㷙䒢㺖䌚⩅⻝㜭㷵䤹㊪ㆹ㓉⩅ ⲑ

⪙㱉⤕⧱ ;ERK >LSRK\M ⤕ 8MO8SO㱑㞝䁨㷁

⤕ 㷵㴪㓉⩅ 㳁䌵⿙㥝⊅㷅㜭㴪䯙⍡ 㸉⥥? A? A ㊪

⩚㲂㝂㺖㍵⿽ 㷵㴪䯙⤕ 㜭⸍⭥㷙㷵㴪 ⩚⒱⿽ 㝂䲹㸒

ㆹ㓉⩅㳁 ⎁⺩䯙㱭㞝 ,SPPERH㳁 &EOIV ⤕ 㜭㴪

㴪㞲㜭㴪䨹㷙㞲 ⩅䮽㞲㺖㍵㺒⑽㞲⻝㐅⿙䯙㲁㶽ヱ

㸑⭥㷵䯵⥺ 㵺㜭㷵䤹㱑 ⦁䯵 ⊁䓙⿽ ⠓⌍ 㷹㥞䯡㢙⻞

䁨㷁 ⩚㲂㝂㷅㺝㸒䯙⍡ ⍶㶡䯙⤕ 㜭⸍⭥㷙㷵㴪 ⩚⒱

⑹ 㜭㷵䤹⿽ ⧕ 㸑㽽㊪ㆹ䯙⌍ ⪙ヱ? A 0II 㳹

⤕ 㝂䲹㸒㴪㺖㍵㺒⑽㞲㷹㺖㸑⒱ 䫝䲅㞲 ⩅䮽㞲 ⒱

⤕ 㜭㷵䤹㱑 ⦁䯝㊪ㆹ㶩㷵 ⠓㷅㢙⻞㜭㷵䤹㷙㺖㍵㳁

⻞㞲 ⎁㤶㺂㷵㴪㞲㶽⻝㐅⿙䯙㲁⍡? A ,YER

㞝㓅㤥⿽ ⧕ く㷵㯍㢙⻞䯵⥺ 㜭㷵䤹㱑 ⦁䯝䐪㞲⩅⊁

<MESLSRK ⤕ 㜭䴍㺂㴕㷹㥭〭㺂㴕㷹 ⒱㢡㺂

⠓㯅䁅⥥⍡ 䯙㲁⥥? A? A 㜭㷵䤹㷙䌵⿙㥝⊅㷁㜭㷵

㴕㷹㶽⻝㐅⿙䯙㲁⥥ 㱭⒱㱑㞝㜭䴍㺂㴕㷹㷁㜭䴍㺂

䤹㷙㞲⍽⿽ 䒢㺖䯙⤕ 㶡㴪䯝㍁㢙⻝㊖㼆㞞㳹

⏑⿙㳁㜭䴍㺂㥡㐅㱑 ⦁䯝㷙㥞㷅䩭䯩䯙⍡ 㸉㶽ヱ

⤕ 㵺㜭㷵䤹㱑スㆵ⤕ 㥝⊅㷵䀞⊁䯙ヵ㜭㷵䤹 ✵㴪㷅

㥭〭㺂㴕㷹㶽⻝⤕ 㲥ⷾ⍽ 䲹⒱㥭㊐䑩㉹㳁㸑㯅㥥䲅

㺅⥭䯙⤕ 㥝⊅⍽ 㝂⋱⸙㱑䊹㱭䯡䳖⿡㷵 ⠓㯅䁅⥥⍡

㷵䝁㽽㷙㳹㐁㷹㞽䥱㒍⊁ 䩭䯩⪝⥥ ⒱㢡㺂㴕㷹㷁㜭

䯙㲁㶽ヱ? A? A &EHPI] 㳹 ⤕ 㵺㜭㷵䤹㱑㲥

㴪㞲㊐㶡㴪㞲㴕㠍⿽ 䩭䯩䯙⍡ 㸉⥥⍡ 䯙㲁⥥? A ⎁

⸙ スㆽ㢙⻞ ⍡⊞㷙䐪㞲⩅⊁ ⠓㯅䁅⥥⤕ 㱱⏭⌱⍽⿽

㐁㵑㷁㷵㴪⍽ き㻲㷵⻡㷅䠡⦁⻝ 8MO8SO 㞝

㊝䫝䯙㲁⥥? A

㓅㤥㷵㴪 ⩚⒱⿽ 㐅㞞䯙㱭㸑⒱䫝䲅㲥ⷾ䐕⏭ 㺖㍵䐕

㷵㝂㷙㞡䰊㱱⏭⿽ 䠶䯵㺝䬉⍽ 㞝㓅㤥㱑 ⦁䯝㷵㴪

⏭ 㠍䠶 ⩅䮽㞲㶽⻝㺖㷙䯙㲁⤕⧱ 㸑⒱䫝䲅 ⩚⒱⤕

⩚⒱⤕ 㜭㴪㸑㷙㷵㴪㓉⩅㳁㷵㴪⒱⊅ ⲑ⤕ 㥝⊅ 㱑

㸑㥡㱑⌍ ⒎㺖㺂㷹㷵㉹䁁⿽ 㥭㰵㽽⒱ 㶅䯵 ⟹⺦䯙⤕

㲂䰦㷅㉹䓡 ⌄㶽⻝㲉㝂⪙ヱ㷵⿽ 䠶䯵㜭㴪㸑㊁䊪

䰊⩚㷵ⷽ⍡ 䯡㢙㸉㶽ヱ㲥ⷾ䐕⏭ ⩚⒱⤕ ⊝㷹㷵䤺

⩅⿽ 䒢㺖䯡㢙㸉㷅 ⌄㶽⻝䦑⥩⪝⥥ ⑹⹭✙ 㯟㞝㊞

㺖 ⒱㢡㷵✙ 㞝㓅㤥⿽ 㷵㴪䯙ヵ㞝 ⤑⛽⤕ 㸭㉹⿽ 㷙㉹

不 8MO8SO 㞝㓅㤥㷙䤺䁖㷁 ‫ޙ‬䦍䨹䳕‫ ⪝ޚ‬㥝⊅㷙㷵㴪㷵

䯝⥥ 㺖㍵䐕⏭ ⩚⒱⤕ 㜭⸍⭥㷵㰵Ⱕ ⒱㢡㷵✙ 㞝㓅㤥

㉁⻝ ⥥⿹ 㞝㓅㤥㷙㷵㴪㥝⊅⍽ 㷵㴪㓉⩅㷙 ⎁⍅㳁⤕

⿽ 䠶䯵㺖㍵⿽ 㰼⤕ ⌄㷅㷙㉹䯙ヱ㝂䲹㸒㴪 ⩚⒱⤕

䊩㷵⿽ ㍵㷽㢙㸉㷅 ⌄㶽⻝㲉㝂⪝⥥

㜭㴪㸑⊁ 㠍㟝㉹⮕㰵㱑㞝㺖㍵⿽ ⍶㶡䯙⤕ 䰊㶅⿽ 䠶䯵 ⥥⿹ 㜭⸍⍽ 㠍䠶䯙⍡ 㝂䲹㸒㴪䯙⤕ 㴖⏭⿽ 㷙㉹䯝 ⥥ ぉ䁁お㶽⻝ ⩅䮽 ⩚⒱⤕ ㊕㛝㷽㝂㷙㤥䤹⺉㤥㱑㞝

동서대학교 | IP:203.241.***.7 | Accessed 2021/11/30 12:58(KST)

ᦥ᜽ᦥॵᯱᯙ ᦥ⋕ᯕቭ

8MO8SO 㷸㴭⩝⒴⊄ 㜰㴭㸔㊄䊭⩈㱔㉼䓜⤘ 㲅䰩

ߐ 㱴⏰ ㆼ㺠㊓㱴⏰ ㊭㌙

⿽ ㆼ⤕ ㆹ䯮⭥⻝ ⏭㞲䯙㲁⥥ 䁉ㆹ䁁㱑㻱㜭䊹㱭㸑⊁

㱴⏰ ㆼ㺠

䯙✙㮪㱮䁉ㆹ㷅き⭥㰵㺝㥝䯙㲁⥥ 㱮䁉ㆹ㷁 ?䫝 A㱑

㞥ㆹ㱑㐉㞲㥥䯙⌍ ⥶㍁䯙䁁㯋⩅⻞ ⊂ ⩚⒱㴕㷹㍅⻝

㍹㱱⏭㱑㞝⤕ 8MO8SO 㜭㴪㸑㷙㷵㴪 ⩚⒱㳁㷵㴪 ⩚⒱⊁ ㊁䊪⩅㱑㉹䓙⤕ 㲂䰦㷅㻱㜭䯙⒱ 㶅䯙㱭 ?⑹ 〽 A⍽ ⊚㷵㱱⏭ㄩ䲖⍽ ⮱⿹ ⫑ ⊁䁁 ⊁㞥㷅㺝㥝䯙

㞝⻝䫝⒱⪙㱉⥥ ⲑ䯝 ⊂ 㴕㷹⭥㷅㞥ㄆ䯙⤕ 䁉ㆹ ⭥㷙㢝㞝⿽ 㞟㰵㺝㥝䯙㱭㻱㜭⌱⍽㷙㥡⼱㞲㷅 ⠓㷵 ⩅⻞䯙㲁⥥

㲁⥥ 䫠 8MO8SO 㷸㴭 ⩝⒴㱔 ⦄䯠䁌ㆼ ㆼ䯱 ⩝⒴ 㲨⸁ 䐘⏰

㺙㍸䐘⏰

㝅䲼㸕㴭

⑼぀㱴⏰ ㄬ䲙

ソ㺁 8MO8SO 㷵㴪 ⩚⒱⿽ 㻱㜭䯙㲁⥥ 㷵㴪 ⩚⒱⿽ ㆼ⤕ ㆹ䯮㷅 ⏭㞲䯙⒱ 㶅䯙㱭䓵䒡 ⭲ 㷵㺝㥝⪝ ⊁䁁㴖⏭ 㷹䁁㴖⏭ ⊑㺖㴖⏭ ⊝㷹䠶䯪㴖⏭ 㜭䴍䠶䯪㴖⏭ 㤥䤹⺉㤥䯵㠍㴖⏭ ⿽ ㊕䝖㶽⻝ ⎁㐁㵑㷵㺖㷙䯝㲥ⷾ䐕⏭ ⩚⒱ 㺖㍵䐕⏭ ⩚⒱ 㝂䲹

㸔⒴ 䫠䲈

䁌ㆼ ㆼ䯱

䐠䌜

8MO8SO㷄㸰㉼㸌⤘ 㰸䮐㷸⸀⍤ 㝡⊅䯠⥨ ;ERK 8MO8SO㱔 ✜㲨⤘ 㲁⒴㺅㷸⍤ 㵇Ⓒ 㲅㝅㱔䁕㾕䯤㢜㸌⥨ >LSRK <M ✜⤘ 㥰㥰䯤 ⯐ 8MO8SO㷈㜰㴭䯠⥨ ‫ ? ޜ‬A 8MO8SO㷄㸰㉼⊄ 㱊⥨ 8MO8SO㷄げ㷄㺙㍸ ⥸㷄㰸䮐㷸⸀⍤ 㝡⊅䯠⥨ ,YER <MES ,SRK 8MO8SO㱔 ✜㲨⤘ 㺈ㆼ䁄㥡㲅㝅⭨㷈㼏㯈䯠⥨ ‫ ? ޜ‬A 㺙㍸㰿⍤ ⒴⤩㷈㊴㴴⍤ 㥺㷈 ⯐ 8MO8SO㷈㭸⥨ ⎁㶨䷰ 8MO8SO㱔㞠⤘ 䁄㥡㷸✜ 㺙㍸㰿㷈㢜㱊⥨ ‫ ? ޜ‬A ✜⤘ ⥨⿼ 㜰⸐⎀ 㷜㜰㠐䠹䯜⒴ 㤁⩈⻡ 8MO8SO㷈㜰㴭䯠⥨ ,YER ✜⤘ 8MO8SO㷈䯜ヸ㼏㯈㴘 ⦗⒄ 〰䤼㶛㷈げ㷸䯠⥨ <MES ,SRK ‫ ޜ‬ ✜⤘ 8MO8SO㷈䳠㴭䯜㱰㜰⏔ 㲅㱱㷈 ➗䲘⥨ 0M ,IRK 8MO8SO㱔㞠 ⥨⿼ 㜰⸐⎀ 㠐䠹䯜䁄㯎⤘⥨ ‫ ? ޜ‬A 8MO8SO㷈㭴⤘ ⋸ ✬㷜㾀ㄭ㷈㊟⍤ 㥺㷄㷸㶤㷸⥨ ⎄㐄㵔 8MO8SO㱔㞠 Ⲕ ⥨⿼ ✜ ✜䝄❀ 㢜㸌⥨ 摤‫ ? ޜ‬A 0M ,IRK 8MO8SO㷈㜰㴭䯜ヸ ⥨⿼ 㜰⸐㷜䊰㉼㊟㷈㢜㸌⥨ ‫ ޜ‬ ✜⤘ 8MO8SO㱔㞠 ✜ 㸔㥤㷈 ⭠⹰✸䁄㯎⤘⥨

8MO8SO㷈㭴ヸ㤨䤼⺌㤨⊄ 䬄〸 ⌇ ⊝⥨ 8MO8SO㷈㭴ヸが㷐㷸䨼㯌䯜⍤ 㶈⻠⊄ ⪠⥨ ⩈䯀 ✜⤘ 䲈㥨㱔㞠㸤㥠 ⩈䯀䯜⒴ 㶈䯸 8MO8SO㷈㜰㴭䯠⥨ 8MO8SO㷸㤨䤼⺌㤨䯸㠐㱔㺈䲄 ⩈㵄㷸 ⪜䁄㯎⤘⥨

⎄㐄㵔摤‫ ޜ‬摥が䴬㥤 ‫ ? ޜ‬A

㸒㴪 ⩚⒱ 㸑⒱䫝䲅 ⩚⒱ ⩅䮽 ⩚⒱⿽ 㽽⪝ ⩚⒱ 㴕㷹㶽⻝㞡㺖䯙㲁⥥ 㷵 ⊁䁁 ⩚⒱㴕㷹㷅㊕䝖㶽⻝㞲㍅㱑 ⮱⿹ ⩚⒱㴕㷹㷙 ⊖⩅ 䊩㷵⿽ 㐅㞞䯙㲁⥥ ⥥㷍㶽⻝㯟㱑㞝䒢㺖⪝ 㷵㴪 ⩚⒱ 㴕㷹㍅⻝㜭㴪㸑㊁䊪⩅㱑㉹䓙⤕ 㲂䰦㷅㐅㞞䯙㱭㰵Ⱑ䯝 ⩚⒱⊁ 㜭㴪㸑㊁䊪⩅㱑㲂䰦㷅㉹䓙⤕⊁㳁 ⊖⩅⿽ 㐅㞞䯙⍡㸑䯙㲁⥥ 㞡䰊㱱⏭㱑 ⮱⿵ヵ㜭㴪㸑㷙㊁䊪⩅⤕ 㜭㴪㸑㷙㞝㓅㤥㜭㴪䴠㢙㳁㷵㴪㥝⊅⍽ ㊁㺒䯝㱱⎁㷵㸉⥥ ⮱ⷽ㞝㍹㱱⏭㱑㞝⤕ 㜭㴪㸑⊁ 8MO8SO㷅㷵㴪䯙⤕ 㓉⩅ 㳁㜭㴪㸑⊁ 䴍䩊② 8MO8SO㷅㷵㴪䯙⤕ 㥝⊅ 㶽⻝㜭㴪㸑㷙㊁䊪⩅⿽ 䒢㺖䯡㢙㸉⥥

㻴㜰㊓㐈㞡㊭㌙㻱㜭⤕ 㞥ㆹ㻱㜭㜭㷵䤹㞥ㆹ㤥䝁誖೴ኼ ? A 㱑㞝㲩ⷽ㷹㞥ㆹ㻱㜭㊪㥞㶽⻝䁅䰊䯙㲁⥥ 䏝㼆㺂㶽⻝ ⋵㷙㶡䴩䯝㞥ㆹ䁁⿽ 㐅㞞䯙㲁⥥ ソ㺁㻱㜭 ⦁㝂㸑㷙 ⒱㍹㺖㍵㱑 ⦁䯝㓉⩅ 㐅㞞㷅㥥㥝䯙㲁⥥ ⑹〭 ⍡ 䁉ㆹ ㆹ䯮⭥㷵 ⊂ ⩚⒱ 㴕㷹㷅䐪㥥三㞥ㄆ䯙⍡ 㸉 ⤕⊁⿽ 䩊⊁䯙⒱ 㶅䯵㥡⼱⩅⿽ 㐅㞞䯙㲁⥥ ⥥㷍㶽⻝㻱㜭 ⦁㝂㸑⊁ 8MO8SO㷅㷵㴪䯙⤕ ⩚⒱㱑 ⦁䯝 ⊖⩅ ⿽ 䦍㯆䯙⒱ 㶅䯵 ⒱㢡䠶⍅⿽ 㥥㥝䯙㲁⥥ 8MO8SO 㷵㴪 ⩚⒱⊁ 㜭㴪㸑㊁䊪⩅㷙㉹䓙⤕ 㲂䰦㷅䦍㯆䯙⒱ 㶅䯵㝂⎁⎁⍅㐅㞞⍽ 䴍⑁㐅㞞㷅㥥㥝䯙㲁⥥

㍄㷼㊓䁌ㆼㆼ䯱㻱㜭ㆹ䯮㷁㻱㜭⦁㝂㸑㷙 ⒱㍹㺖㍵㳁㍹䁉ㆹ㶽⻝ ⏭㞲⪙㱉⥥ ⒱㍹㺖㍵⤕ 㻱㜭䊹㱭㸑㷙㞲㍅㱱⺺㷵㴪 ⌾䱙㱭㐁⻝ ⏭㞲䯙㲁㶽ヱ㍹䁉ㆹ㷁 8MO8SO 㜭㴪㓉⩅ 䴍䩊② 8MO8SO 㜭㴪㥝⊅⍽ 㷵㴪 ⩚⒱㷙 ⊖⩅

ߑ 㱴⏰ ⌴⎀ 㓌⩈ 㐈㞡

동서대학교 | IP:203.241.***.7 | Accessed 2021/11/30 12:58(KST)

䯠⏱䗜䟔䒤䯝䴐⠀ㆼ䁄 :SP 2S

㻱㜭䊹㱭㸑㷙 ⒱㍹㺖㍵㐅㞞⌱⍽⤕ ?䫝 A⍽ ⊚⥥

㲥ⷾ䐕⏭⿽ ㆼ⤕ ㆹ䯮⭥ ⊅㷙㥡⼱⩅ 㺖㍵䐕 ⏭ ⏭㞲 ㆹ䯮⭥ ⊅㷙㥡⼱⩅ 㝂䲹㸒㴪 ⏭㞲 ㆹ 䯮⭥ ⊅㷙㥡⼱⩅ 㷙㥡⼱⩅⤕ ㄩ⫑ ㍵⥥ 㥡

䫠䊼㱰㸔 ⒴㍼㺙㍸㱔 ⦄䯠㓌⩈㐈㞡 ㆼ䯱

㓌⩈

✬㞵㱰㞵 ⦄ ⦄ ⦄ 㞼㷸㝅

㞵㍈㱴⺽

䊹㱭㸑㱱⺺ ⏭㞲㷁 ⦁ ⦁

⦁

㊵㐈㶬

⼱⩅ ⍅㢙⊁ ⠓㯙⥥ ⑹⹭✙ 㸑⒱䫝䲅 ⩅䮽 ⭲ ⩚⒱㷙

㥡⼱⩅ ⍅㢙⤕ 㷵䯙㲁⥥ 㸑⒱䫝䲅㾒 ⫑ ㆹ䯮 ‫ޙ‬䥲䠢㱑㞝 ⲑ ⥥⿹ ✙⿽ ✙䝁✽ 㢙㸉⥥ ‫ޙ ޚ‬䥲䠢㱑㞝 ✙ 㸑㥡㷅 ⭝⹭✹ 㺂㷵㱇⥥ ‫ ޚ‬㷅㺝㳹䯝䯝䵅㥡⼱⩅ ⍅㢙 ⊁ ⻝ ⠓㯅㻍⍡ ⩅䮽 ㆹ䯮㾒㥡⼱⩅⿽ 㺁䯵䯙⤕

⊁ ⊁㸦く㯙⍡

⦁ 㷵㝂

㢝㷵㱉⥥

⦄⥹

⋴㷜㜰㴭㯌䯬と㵘䴐と㾀䴐㷸㝀㸀䴐䯜⽬䴐䯜⽬䴐㷸㝅㐈㷸✸ b 㐈 b 㐈 b 㥠⊈ 㥠⊈ 㷸㝅

㷸㴭㓌⩈

㷸㴭㥠⊈

㷸㴭㓌⩈

㓌⩈

㷅㺝㳹䰉⧕⥉ 㥡⼱⩅ ⍅㢙⊁ ⻝ ⠓㯅㻍⥥ ⊝ ㆹ䯮㜮㺝䵅ㄩ⭡ 㴕㷹⭥㷙㥡⼱⩅ ⍅㢙⊁ 㷵㝂㶽⻝㢙㴪䯡き䯝㢙㾁㷵㱉㶽ヱ䎞⹊㷙㥡⼱⩅ ⍅㢙

䫠㷸㴭㓌⩈㳄㷸㴭㥠⊈㱔 ⦄䯠㓌⩈ 㐈㞡 ㆼ䯱

ㆹ䯮 ‫ޙ‬䲅㥥㱑㞝㸡㥝 ⩅䮽䯙⒱ 㶅䯵䥲䠢㷅㜭㴪䯝⥥ ‫ޚ‬

⩅ ㍵⥥ ⠓㯙⥥

㊵㐈㶬

㷸㴭㥠⊈

㴘㷼㐈㞡 ⩅⏭㷙 ⏭㞲䝁⥺⩅⿽ 䒢㺖䯙⒱ 㶅䯵㴕㷹㐅㞞㷅㥥㥝䯙㲁⥥?䫝 A 㷽㊙㺂㶽⻝ /13 ⊓㷵㍵⥥ 䛭ヵ ⧱㷵䞱⊁ 䴩㶩㺂㷵⍡ 㴕㷹㐅㞞㷵 ⊁⤦䯙⥥⍡ 䯡㢙㸉 ⥥ 䫠 /13 ERH &EVXPIXX W 8IWX /EMWIV 1I]IV 3POMR1IEWYVISJ7EQTPMRK%HIUYEG] &EVXPIXX W8IWXSJ7 TLIVMGMX]

8MO8SO 㷵㴪㓉⩅⤕ 䯙⽩䴍㷵㝂

㷵 ⊁㸦

く㯙⍡ 䯙⽩䴍⻝づ㷽㜭㴪䯙⤕ 㜭⸍㷵㺅䌵㷙㱑㷵⿵⍡ 㷵㜽㷽䴍づ㽽䴍

づ㵕䴍

⋱㷙㜭㴪䯙䁁㯋⍡

⥥ 䴍㷵㴪㥝⊅㶽⻝㍵ヵ㐅㷵✵ 㐅㷵㝂

b 㐅

b 㥝⊅

㲁

b 㥝⊅

㷵㱉⥥

%TTVS\ 'LM 7UYEVI HJ 7MK

㞥ㆹ䁁㷙 /13 ⊓ 㷁㍵⥥ ⠓㯙㶽㉁⻝㍁㷹㜭㷵㱑㝂⎁⎁⍅⊁ 㸉㰵㴕㷹㐅㞞㱑㺂䯪䯙⥥⍡ 䯡㢙㸉⥥ T ⑹〭⍡ ㍁㷹㷙 ⍶䠶㺑㷁ㄩ⫑ ㍵⥥ ⠓⒱ ⯍ㆹ㱑㴕㷹㐅㞞 ⌱⍽⊁ 㶡䴩䯙⥥⍡ 䯡㢙㸉⥥

⒴㢤䠹⍈ 㜭㴪㸑⊁ 8MO8SO㷅㜭㴪䯙⤕ ⩚⒱㷙 ⊖⩅⿽ 䦍㯆䯙 ⒱ 㶅䯵 ⒱㢡䠶⍅⿽ 䁅䰊䯙㲁⥥?䫝 A 㻱㜭䊹㱭㸑⊁

㥤⼴⩈ 㐈㞡㞥ㆹ䁁㱑㞝㰼㷁 ⧱㷵䞱⭥ ⊅㷙㷽䓙㞲㷵✙ 㯉㺖㞲㷅㊙㲂䯙⒱ 㶅䯵㞥ㆹ ㆹ䯮⭥㱑 ⦁䯝㥡⼱⩅⿽ 㐅㞞䯙㲁⥥ 㷽㊙㺂㶽⻝㞥ㆹ䁁㷙㥡⼱⩅⍅㢙⊁ 㷵㝂㷵ヵ㞥ㆹ䁁㷙㥡⼱⩅⿽ 㷹㺖䯙ヱ䎞⹊䫝㷙㥡⼱⩅ ⍅㢙⊁ 㷵㝂㷵ヵ㞥ㆹ䁁㷙㥡⼱⩅⿽ 㷹㺖䯝⥥? A

⩚㷙䯝 ⊂ ⩚⒱ 㴕㷹㍅䩊②㷁 ⥥㷍⍽ ⊚⥥ 㲥ⷾ䐕⏭ 㺖㍵䐕⏭ 㝂䲹㸒㴪㸑⒱䫝䲅 ⩅ 䮽䩊②⊓㷅㓅⏑䯝 ⌱⍽ 8MO8SO 㷵㴪㱑㸉㰵㞝㲥ⷾ䐕⏭ 㺖㍵䐕⏭ ⩅䮽 ⭲ 㞹 ⊁䁁 ⩚⒱⊁ 㝂䲹㸒㴪 ⍽ 㸑⒱䫝䲅㱑㓅䯵 ⠓⌍ ✙䝁✭⥥

동서대학교 | IP:203.241.***.7 | Accessed 2021/11/30 12:58(KST)

ᦥ᜽ᦥॵᯱᯙ ᦥ⋕ᯕቭ

8MO8SO 㷸㴭⩝⒴⊄ 㜰㴭㸔㊄䊭⩈㱔㉼䓜⤘ 㲅䰩䫠㴘㷼㍈㥤⼴⩈ ㊓䩍⑤⎀ 㞵㍈㱔 ⮴⿼ 䩍⑤ 㴘㷼

%PTLE

㲨⸁䐘⏰

㺙㍸䐘⏰

㝅䲼㸕㴭

䩍⑤ 䫠㾄䨼䊬

㸔⒴䫠䲈

⩈䯀

䎡⹍

T T T

✬㞵䫠㾄䨼䊬

㞵㍈

䫠㞤䲙䴐⑄ 㐈㞡㷸㴭㓌⩈ 㷸㴭㥠⊈

㼉㠑㍄㢜

7MK

㱰㞵䫠㾄䨼䊬

㷸㴭㓌⩈ 6 !

㷸㴭㥠⊈ 6 !

㉼䫠㾄䳘 ⍈㢜䫠㾄䳘 ⍈㢜 & 䫠㾄㲨䊬 &

⩉ぁ㍄㢜㝅㢜㲨⸁䐘⏰ 㺙㍸䐘⏰ 㝅䲼㸕㴭㸔⒴䫠䲈 ⩈䯀㝅㢜㲨⸁䐘⏰ 㺙㍸䐘⏰ 㝅䲼㸕㴭㸔⒴䫠䲈 ⩈䯀

7MK

T T T

㞲㍅㱑 ⮱ⷽ 㷵㴪 ⩚⒱㷙 ⊖⩅㱑䊩㷵⿽ ⌁䠡䯝 ⌱ ⍽ 㲥ⷾ䐕⏭㳁 ⩅䮽㱑㞝㞲㍅㱑㸉㰵㞝㶡㷙㉹䯝䊩㷵 ⿽ ㍵㲁⤕⧱ 㱭㞲㷵 ✩㞲㍵⥥ 㲥ⷾ䐕⏭ 㳁 ⩅䮽㱑㞝 ⧕ ⠓⌍ ✙䝁✭⥥ T ㊙ヵ㺖㍵䐕⏭ 㝂䲹㸒㴪㸑⒱䫝䲅 ⩚⒱㱑㞝⤕ 㶡㷙㉹䯝䊩㷵⊁ ✙䝁✙䁁㯋㯙⥥ ⮱ⷽ㞝 8MO8SO 㷵㴪㱑㸉㰵㞝㞲㍅㱑 ⮱ⷽ 㷵㴪 ⩚⒱㷙 ⊖⩅㱑䊩㷵⊁ 㸉㷅 ⌄ 㷵ⷽ⤕ ⊁㞥㷁㐁㐅㺂㶽⻝䁁䁁⪙㱉⥥

䯡㢙㸉⤕ 㞥ㄆ⺦㷅 ⊁䁁⍡ 㸉㱉⥥ 6 ! 㷵㴪㓉⩅㱑 ⦁䯵㺖㍵䐕⏭㳁㸑⒱䫝䲅㷙㲂䰦⺦㷁㶡㷙㉹䯙䁁㯋䁁き T" 㷵㴪㓉⩅㱑 ⦁䯝㜭㴪㸑㷙㲥ⷾ 䐕⏭ 㝂䲹㸒㴪 ⩅䮽 ⭲ ⩚⒱㷙㲂䰦⺦㷁㶡㷙㉹䯝 ⌄ 㶽⻝ ✙䝁✭⥥ T 㷵㰵㞝 ⊂ 㷵㴪 ⩚⒱㷙䩊②⊓⭥㷅 ⩆〾㍁㢙⻝䯙⍡ 㷵㴪㥝⊅㷅㼆㠎㍁㢙⻝䯙㱭㞡䲖䴍⑁㐅㞞㷅㥥㥝䯙㲁⥥?䫝 A 㺅䌵䴍⑁ㄩ䲖㷁㜭㴪㸑㷵㴪㓉⩅㷙

䴐⑄ 㐈㞡ソ㺁 8MO8SO 㜭㴪㸑㊁䊪⩅㷙 ⫑ 㴕㷹㷹㷵㴪㓉⩅ 㳁㷵㴪㥝⊅㷙㝂⎁⎁⍅⿽ 㐅㞞䯝 ⌱⍽ 㝂⎁⍅㢙⤕ 㷵㲁⥥?䫝 A 㷽㊙㺂㶽⻝㝂⎁⍅㢙⊁ 㷵㝂㷵ヵ ⫑ ㍁㢙⊅㷙㝂⎁⎁⍅⊁ ⠓⥥⍡ 䯙⍡ 㷵㝂㷵ヵづ㴱 ⠓⥥⍡ 䯡㢙㸉㶽㉁⻝? A ⫑ ㍁㢙㷙㝂⎁⎁⍅⤕ 㓅⏑ 㺂 ⠓㷁䨹㷵ⷽ⍡ 䯡㢙㸉⥥

⿽ 䯵㞞䯡㢙㸉⤕ 㞥ㄆ⺦㷅 ⊁䁁⍡ 㸉㱉⥥ 6 ! 㷵㴪㥝⊅㱑 ⦁䯵㺖㍵䐕⏭ 㝂䲹㸒㴪㸑 ⒱䫝䲅㷙㲂䰦⺦㷁㶡㷙㉹䯙䁁㯋䁁き T" 㷵㴪㥝 ⊅㱑 ⦁䯝㜭㴪㸑㷙㲥ⷾ䐕⏭ ⩅䮽 ⭲ ⩚⒱㷙㲂䰦⺦㷁㶡㷙㉹䯝 ⌄㶽⻝ ✙䝁✭⥥ T 㼆䯪䯙ヵ㷵㴪㓉⩅㱑 ⦁䯝㲥ⷾ䐕⏭ 㝂䲹㸒㴪 ⩅ 䮽 ⩚⒱㷙㲂䰦⺦㷁㶡㷙㉹䯝 ⌄㶽⻝ ✙䝁✭⥥ 㷵㴪㥝⊅㱑 ⦁䯝㲥ⷾ䐕⏭ ⩅䮽 ⩚⒱㷙㲂䰦⺦㷁㶡㷙㉹䯝

䫠㷸㴭㓌⩈㳄㷸㴭㥠⊈ ⊈㷜㝅⎄⎄⍈ 'SVVIPEXMSRW 㷸㴭㓌⩈

㺅䌵䴍⑁ㄩ䲖㷁㜭㴪㸑㷵㴪㓉⩅㷙 ⿽ 䯵㞞

㜰㴭㓌⩈

㜰㴭㥠⊈

4IEVWSR 'SVVIPEXMSR

⌄㶽⻝ ✙䝁✭⥥ ⮱ⷽ㞝 8MO8SO 㷵㴪 ⩚⒱㱑 ⮱ⷽ 㜭

'SVVIPEXMSR MW WMKRMJMGERX EX XLI PIZIP XEMPIH

⥥㷍㶽⻝ 8MO8SO 㜭㴪㸑㊁䊪⩅㱑 ⦁䯝㷵㴪 ⩚⒱

㴪㸑㊁䊪⩅㱑㉹䓙⤕ 㲂䰦⺦㱑䊩㷵⊁ 㸉㷅 ⌄㷵ⷽ⤕ ⊁㞥 ⤕ 㷽㐁䁁䁁⪙㱉⥥

㐈㞡⌴⎀ 㼉䯭

⭥㷙㲂䰦⺦㷅㜵䨵㍵⒱ 㶅䯵 ⊂ 㷵㴪 ⩚⒱㷙䩊②⊓

8MO8SO 㷵㴪 ⩚⒱㱑 ⦁䯝 ⌁䀞㱑㞝㞡䰊㱱⏭㱑㞝

⭥㷅 ⩆〾㍁㢙⻝䯙⍡ 㷵㴪㓉⩅⿽ 㼆㠎㍁㢙⻝䯙㱭㞡

⩅䐝⪝ ⊁䁁㷙 ⩚⒱ 㾒㱑㞝㲥ⷾ䐕⏭ 㺖㍵䐕⏭ ⩅䮽

䲖䴍⑁㐅㞞㷅㥥㥝䯙㲁⥥?䫝 A

㝂䲹㸒㴪㸑⒱䫝䲅㷙㢝㞝㷙 ⊖⩅⿽ ㍵㲁⥥ 㷵⤕ 㜭㴪㸑⭥㷵㲥ⷾ㷵✙ 㺖㍵⿽ 䊿⋱✙ ⲑ⤕ 䲅㥥⻝㐁䞱 ⩅䮽䯙⍡㸑䯡 ⯍ 8MO8SO㷅㷵㴪䯙⤕ ⌾䰦㷵 ⠓㷁 ⌄㶽⻝

동서대학교 | IP:203.241.***.7 | Accessed 2021/11/30 12:58(KST)

䯠⏱䗜䟔䒤䯝䴐⠀ㆼ䁄 :SP 2S

䯵㞞⪝⥥ ⊁㞥㷙㞲㍅㱑 ⮱ⷽ 㷵㴪 ⩚⒱ 㴕㷹⭥㷙

⊖⩅⊁ ⠓䁁⤕ 㯋䁁き㷵㴪㓉⩅㱑 ⠓㷁㲂䰦⺦㷅㉹䍑

⊖⩅ 䊩㷵㱑 ⦁䯝 ⌁䀞㱑㞝㱭㞲㷵 ✩㞲㍵⥥ 㲥ⷾ䐕⏭

㞝㝂䲹㸒㴪㷵 ⊖䯝㝂䳪㷵✙ 㜭⸍⭥㷵 8MO8SO㷅㸑

㳁 ⩅䮽⊁ ⧕ ⠓㷁 ⌄㶽⻝ ✙䝁✭⤕⧱ 㷵⤕ 8MO8SO㷙

㽽㺒㠎䯙⌍ ⪩㷅㷙㉹䯝⥥ ⑹⹭✙ 㝂䲹㸒㴪㷵 8MO8SO

⥥㰒䯝 ⩆䤺䯝㯅㷵⮕㰵⿽ 䫝䲅䯝䁨㷁 ⩚㲂㝂⭥㷵㱭

㞝㓅㤥㷙㷵㴪㥝⊅ 䀞⊁㱑⤕ 㲂䰦㷅㉹䓙䁁㯋㯙⤕⧱

㞲⭥㱑⌍ ⧕ 䀑⌂⍡ 㸭㉹㸉⌍ 㠍⏭ ⪙⍡ 㸉㷍㷅㷙㉹䯝

8MO8SO㞝㓅㤥㷵㴪㷙㊪㥞㷵㝂䲹㸒㴪㍵⥥⤕ 㥝䌮㸑

⥥

㷙㸆㸦㱑㞝 ㄱ㸆䯙㱭 ⎁䊱䯙⤕ 䝝⩅⻝㷵㴪㷅䯙⤕ ⌄ ⍽ ⎁⍅⊁ 㸉⤕ ⌄㶽⻝㍵㷹⥥ 㱱⏭㷙䯝⍅⻝㞝 8MO8SO㷙㜭㴪㸑⤕ 䛭⌍ ⩚㲂㝂䎭㲂㸑㳁 ⩚㲂㝂㥝䌮㸑⻝ ✙⣙⤕⧱ ㍹ ⟽ㆹ㱑㞝⤕ 㷵 ⿽ 㝂㞹䯙⌍ 㐅⿙䯙䁁㯋㯙㷍㷅㊞三⤕ ㊕㷵⥥ ⲑ䯝䲅㸭 8MO8SO 㜭㴪㸑㱑㸉㰵㞝 ⦁㷙㓅㶩㷵づ㴱 ⠓ ⑼぀㱴⏰ㄬ䲙㱔 ⦄䯠㐈㞡⌴⎀

⊁㞥㷙㷵㴪 ⩚⒱ 㴕㷹㍅⻝㜭㴪㸑㊁䊪⩅㱑㉹䓙 ⤕ 㲂䰦 ⌁䀞㱑㞝㷵㴪㓉⩅㱑 ⦁䯵㞝㜭㴪㸑㷙㲥ⷾ 䐕⏭ 㝂䲹㸒㴪 ⩅䮽 ⭲ ⩚⒱㷙㲂䰦⺦㷁㶡㷙㉹䯝 ⌄ 㶽⻝ ✙䝁✭⥥ 㷵㴪㥝⊅㱑 ⦁䯵㞝⤕ 㲥ⷾ䐕⏭ ⩅䮽㷙

㯅㻍㶽✙ ㍹㻱㜭㱑㞝⤕ ⦁ 䊹㱭㸑㷙㓅㶩㷵 ⊁㸦く㯅㥥㺝㜭㴪㸑⭥㷙㱱⺺⦁㍅ ⏭㞲㷅䐪㐅三㊙㲂䯙䁁 ㄼ䯝㐁㐅㷵㯅㣾⥥ 䰦䵅㱱⏭㱑㞝⤕ 㱱⺺⦁㍅㷵㴪䊩㷵㱑 ⦁䯝㻱㜭㳁䯩╙ 8MO8SO 㷵㴪㷵㞹⍅㺂㶽⻝䳖⦁⪝ ⌄㷅㊙㲂䯙㱭㾒⏮⍽ 䯵㳹㜭㴪㸑㷙䥲䠢㷵㴪 ⩚⒱㷙䊩㷵㱑 ⦁䯝㻱㜭㷙䯅㴕⊁ 㸉⥥

㲂䰦⺦㷁㶡㷙㉹䯝 ⌄㶽⻝ ✙䝁✭⥥ 㲥ⷾ䐕⏭✙ 㝂䲹㸒㴪 ⑹〭⍡ 䲅㥥⩅䮽⊁ 8MO8SO㷅㸑㽽㷵㴪䯙⩅⻞䯙ヱ㲥ⷾ㷅䐕⏭䯙⋱✙ 䲅㥥⩅䮽⿽ 䯙⍡ 㥷㷅 ⯍ 8MO8SO㷙㷵㴪㥝⊅㷵 Ⓓ㰵䁑㷅㷙㉹䯝⥥

䊼 ⍤ ㆼ 䱐 ? A LXXTW [[[ WM\XLXSRI GSQ RI[W XLI ETT XLEX PEYRGLIH E XLSYWERH QIQI

ߒ ⌴⻤

? A LXXTW QEVOIXW FYWMRIWWMRWMHIV GSQ RI[W WXSG

㍹㱱⏭㱑㞝⤕ 㷵㴪⍽ き㻲㷵⻡㷅㊕䝖㶽⻝ 8MO8SO 㷵㴪 ⩚⒱ 㲥ⷾ䐕⏭ 㺖㍵䐕⏭ 㝂䲹㸒㴪㸑⒱䫝䲅 ⩅ 䮽㷙 ⊖⩅㳁 ⊂ ⩚⒱⊁ 㜭㴪㸑㷙㊁䊪⩅ 㷵㴪㓉⩅ 㷵㴪㥝⊅ 㱑㉹䓙⤕ 㲂䰦㷅㻱㜭z㐅㞞䯙㲁⥥ 㐅㞞⌱⍽ 8MO8SO㷅㷵㴪䯙⤕ ⩚⒱⭥㷅㲥ⷾ䐕⏭ 㺖㍵䐕⏭ 㝂䲹㸒㴪㸑⒱䫝䲅 ⩅䮽㢝㞝⻝ ⠓㷁 ⊖⩅ ⿽ ㍵㷵⤕ ⌄㶽⻝ ✙䝁✭⥥ 㷵㾒㲥ⷾ㷅䐕⏭䯙⤕ ⩚ ⒱㳁䲅㥥㱑㞝㌘㰵✙⍡㸑䯙⤕ ⩅䮽 ⩚⒱⤕ 8MO8SO 㷵㴪㱑㜭㴪㸑㷙㊁䊪⩅⿽ ⏭㞲䯙⤕ ⫑ 䯙㶅㍁㢙㷹㷵㴪㓉⩅㳁㷵㴪㥝⊅ ㄩ⫑㱑㲂䰦㷅㉹䓩㷅䳖㷹䯡㢙㸉㱉⥥ ⑹⹭✙ 㺖㍵䐕⏭㳁㸑⒱䫝䲅㷁 8MO8SO 㷵㴪㱑㸉㰵㞝 ⩚⒱㴕㷹㶽⻝㸒㴪䯙⒱⤕ 䯙✙ 㜭㴪㸑㷙㊁䊪 ⩅⿽ 䲖㞲䯙⤕ ⧱㱑⤕ 㲂䰦㷅㉹䓙⤕ 㯋⤕ ⌄㶽⻝㍵㷹 ⥥ ㊙ヵ㱑㝂䲹㸒㴪㷁 8MO8SO 㷵㴪 ⩚⒱ 㴕㷹㶽⻝㞝

OW XMO XSO E KPSFEP QYWMG ZMHIS TPEXJSVQ ER H WSGMEP RIX[SVO PEYRGLIW MR MRHSRIWME ? A 㾒⏮ 㺖㐁 8MO8SO HEMP] VITSVX 7IRWSV

8S[IV 㤥䠡㰵 ? A (S]PI &VERHSR ‫ޛ‬8MO8SO 7XEXMWXMGW ‫) ޕ‬ZIV]XLMRK =SY 2IIH XS /RS[ 7ITX 9THEXI ‫ ޜ‬ ;EPPEVSS 1IHME ? A ‫ޙ‬8MO 8SO 䥲䠢‫⦁ ޚ‬㜭㴪㸑㓅㶩㷵㺝㷽 ⠓⥥ LXXTW FVYRGL GS OV $QSFMMRWMHI ? A .SREXLER % 3FEV ‫ޛ‬7XIZI ;MPHQER 7SGMEP QIHME

HIJMRMXMSR

ERH

XLI

KSZIVRERGI

GLEPPIRKI ‫ ޜ‬8IPIGSQQYRMGEXMSRW 4SPMG] :SP 2S TT ? A % 1PEMOM - ;EPWL ERH 1 /EPMOE ‫;ޛ‬L] HS [I GSRXMRYI YWMRK WSGMEP RIX[SVOMRK WMXIW# 8LI

동서대학교 | IP:203.241.***.7 | Accessed 2021/11/30 12:58(KST)

ᦥ᜽ᦥॵᯱᯙ ᦥ⋕ᯕቭ

8MO8SO 㷸㴭⩝⒴⊄ 㜰㴭㸔㊄䊭⩈㱔㉼䓜⤘ 㲅䰩 KMZMRK PSST XLEX JIIHW GSQTYXIV QIHMEXIH

? A / +YIRXLIV ‫ޛ‬4YPP 9T E 'LEMV ERH 7XE]

WSGMEP XMIW ‫ ޜ‬7]WXIQIW H MRJSVQEXMSR QEREKIQIRX

%[LMPI 7XVEXIKMIW XS 1E\MQM^I 7MXI 7XMGOMRIWW ‫ ޜ‬

:SP 2S TT

3RPMRI ;MPXSR '8 TT

? A /EXMI ,EJRIV 8LI ;)00 % 7XSV] SJ 0SZI

? A . ,SPPERH ERH 7 1 &EOIV ‫'ޛ‬YWXSQIV

(IEXL ERH 6IEP 0MJI MR XLI 7IQMREP 3RPMRI

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'SQQYRMX] 'EVVSPP +VEJ 4YF

.SYVREP SJ -RXIVEGXMZI 1EVOIXMRK :SP 2S

? A ' 6SQQ 0MZIVQSVI ERH / 7IX^IOSVR 7SGMEP

2IX[SVOMRK 7IVZMGIW

'SQQYRMXMIW 'SRGITXW

ERH

) (EXMRK

? A 7 0II < (VI^I ERH * >YJV]HIR ‫ޛ‬1SHIPMRK

-QTPMGEXMSRW

'YWXSQIV :MWMX *VIUYIRG] SR XLI -RXIVRIX ‫ ޜ‬

-RJSVQEXMSR 7GMIRGI 6IJIVIRGI ? A ;ERK >LSRK <M 㷵⩚㥞㡽䤹䛵〾㰵䮍〭䖁㷵㟙

㷙㷵㴪 ⩚⒱㳁䐪㻲㱑 ⎁䯝㱱⏭ ⩚㲂㝂㢙㴪㸑㷙

;SVOMRK 4ETIV 9RMZIVWMX] 7SYXLIVR 'EPMJSVRME 0% ? A ⍡㉹䲅 ␍㢝⩚ ‫ޛ‬㷹䞱➸ 䕥㈥⥉䥱㱑㞝㜭㴪㸑䊹㱭

㷵㴪䰊㶅⿽ 㾒㥭㶽⻝㷵䳕㱭㸑⦁䯚⏑ 㞞㜭䯚㶅⟽ㆹ

⊁ ㊁䊪⩅㳁䁁㠎㺂㷵㴪㷙⩅㱑㉹䓙⤕ 㲂䰦 ‫ ޜ‬%WME

4EGMJMG .SYVREP SJ -RJSVQEXMSR 7]WXIQW :SP

? A /SRK <MES 㷹䞱➸ ㉽㻲䁁㻱㜭 ⒱㊙䥲䠢䁨㷁

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⍅ 㱱⏭ 䳎㷶⦁䯚⏑ ⎒⍡䳎㍵⦁䯚㵑㞞㜭䯚㶅⟽ㆹ

? A ㊖㼆㞞䯝㝂き Ⓛ㶥㥞 ‫ޛ‬㊁䊪⩅ ㊐ ⎁㞲㷙㝂䲹⎁⍅ ⊁ 㲩ⷽ㷹 ⏭づ㱑㉹䓙⤕ 㲂䰦㡽䯒ㄱ㷅㾒㥭㶽⻝ ‫ ޜ‬ ぉ䖁䦆㱱⏭ 㺝 ␍ 㺝䲹 TT ? A 7 4 &VEHPI] ERH / % 4SVXIV ‫ޛ‬I&E] -RG ‫ ޜ‬ .SYVREP SJ -RXIVEGXMZI 1EVOIXMRK :SP 2S TT ? A ぉ䴩㥡㾒⏮ 㤥ぉ䤹䩱㷵㴪㸑㷙ㄩ㊕㷽 ⌍㸅㷵㴪

⩚⒱⊁ 㷵㴪き㻲㊐㷵㴪㷙⩅㱑㉹䓙⤕ 㲂䰦 ⥩⏮⦁ 䯚⏑ ⦁䯚㵑㞞㜭䯚㶅⟽ㆹ

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=M 0MR ;IM [IM]MPMR$REZIV GSQ /[ER 7ISR ,SRK GMKELOW$REZIV GSQ 㴘㰁㲥⤙✡㷁㓡⿹ ⩅㥝㷙㊝㺅㶽⻝㲭⭝䝁㴵⍽ ⣵䝁㴵㷙㊝㺅㷵㐉②䲖䯵䁁⍡ 㸉㶽ヱ㲭⭝䝁㴵㷙㡡䡵⤕ ⣵䝁㴵㷙㊝㺅㷅 ⧕㴲䎊䁅䯙⍡ 㸉⥥ 㲭⭝䝁㴵㷙㡡䡵⤕ 㥭⊂䯵䁁⍡ 㸉㶽ヱ㷹⏭⊁ 㶡㥥⪙⍡ 䳙⌾㷵㯆䳕⪙㱉⥥ 㷵㱑 ⮱ⷽ 㲭⭝䝁㴵㷙㡡䡵䲅㝂㷅㳅䳕䯙⍡ ⣵䝁㴵⍽ 㲭⭝䝁㴵㷙 ②䲖㷅䊿⤕ ⍶㝞㷙㊝㺅㜭㝂㷅䳝㴪䯙㱭 ⣵䝁㴵⍽ 㲭⭝䝁㴵㷵䯩╙ ㊝㺅䯙⤕ ⩚㥝㱑㲭⭝䝁㴵㷵 ⥥㥝䳝⺦㷅䊿⒱⿽ ䷭ぞ䯙ヱ㱱⏭⿽ 䁅䰊䰉⥥ ‫ޙ‬⍶㝞‫ޚ‬ ⍽ ‫ޙ‬䕥㈥⥉䥱 ⍶⊅‫⟑⊝ ⫑ ޚ‬㱑 ⦁䯝㞡䰊㱱⏭㳁㷵⻡㺂 ⍡䊱㷅䠶䯵 ⍶⊅ ⏭㞲⍽ 䤺㞲㴕㠍⿽ 㺖〭䯙⍡ ⍶㝞䕥㈥⥉䥱㷙 ⊝⟑㷅㺝㥝䯵㜭⻁㐅㞞㷅䁅䰊䯙㲁⥥ 㾒⏮㷁 ⟅㐁䞱㌡㷵䁖 ್ର 㱑㞝 ‫ޙ‬⍶㝞㵑 సវ⁪ ‫〭 ޚ‬ ㄩ⧹あ䮅⻝㺞䤹⿽ 㥥㥝䰉⥥ ㍹㱱⏭㱑㞝⤕ ㌡㷵䁖 ⩚ 㞝䌮⏭ 䋄 ᵉด䟢 ✵ 䵅䠶 ᫿ധ 䕥㈥⥉䥱⿽ 㾒㥭㶽⻝㜭⻁⿽ 㐅㞞䯙⍡ 㞥ㆹ㻱㜭⿽ 䁅䰊䯵䏝㼆㺂㶽⻝㐅㞞 ⌱⍽⿽ ⩅䐝䯙㲁⥥ ⊂ 㜭⻁㱑㞝⤕ ⍶⊅ ⏭㞲⍽ 䤺㞲㱑 ⦁䯝㞡䝞⍽ 䯩╙ 㞥ㆹ㻱㜭 ⌱⍽⿽ 䊹⍡䯵㾒㴕⩅ ⌱⍽⿽ 㺖〭䯙㲁⥥ 䰦䵅 ⮕㸑㷹㱑㞝⤕ 㷵⹭䯝 ⮕㸑㷹㺅⸶㷅䊹⍡⻝ ⩅㥝㷙 ‫ޙ‬⍶㝞‫ ޚ‬㊝㺅㷅㥥䲅䯡㢙㸉⒱⿽ ⒱⦁䯝⥥ ࣜ 㾕㥰㰸 ⍹㝡䕨㈨⥌䥴䵈䠹〰ㄬ⧼ぅ

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ࣜ OI][SVH 7]QFMSWMW'SQQYRMX]%PPI]6IQSHIPMRK

㺕㢜㸀㸔 ⟈ 㵘㸀㢜㺙㸀㸔 ⟈ 㵘㸀

㥰㜰㳈⽐㸀 ⟈ 㵘㸀 ⏔㥤㺄㸔䳑⎄㞤 I QEMP GMKELOW$REZIV GSQ

ᦥ᜽ᦥॵᯱᯙ ᦥ⋕ᯕቭ

143

⩈㥠 ⍹㝡㷜䕨㈨⥌䥴 ⍹⊈⮘㸔㷼㜰⻄㱴⏰ ㌤㷸䁙䵈䠹 ᬂപ 䕨㈨⥌䥴㾕㥰㷀⻠

- 㞠⻤㱴⏰㷜㊴⍁⎀ ㄭ㺅 ⩅㥝㷙㊝㺅㷁㥝⊅㷙 ䷑々㱑 ⮱ⷽ 㐉②䲖㷅䎉⸙䯙㲁⍡ 㲭⭝䝁㴵㷙㡡䡵⤕ ⩅㥝㽽㍁ ⣵䝁㴵㷙 ⋵㞥⍽ ㊝㺅㷅䎊䁅䰉⥥ ⊉㢙⻞く㷁 ⩅㥝⊁ 㷵 ㆹ㺝㱑䁂ヵ䯙⍡ 㸉⍡ 㲭⭝䝁㴵㷙䳝⺦㷵㺁䯙⪙⤕ ⌄㷁㾒㴕䯝

⑼぀㱴⏰ ㊭㌙

㜭䴍㺂 ㆹ㺝⊁ ⪙㱉⥥ ㍹㱱⏭⤕ 㲥⤙✡ ⩅㥝䁁㱮㊝㺅㷙㐉②䲖㞲㱑 ⒱䎉䯙㱭 ‫ޙ‬⍶㝞‫ޚ‬㷙 ⊝⟑㷅㺝㥝䯙⍡ ‫ޙ‬⍶㝞‫ ޚ‬㊝㺅㷅㲭⭝䝁㴵㷙䕥㈥⥉䥱 ⍶⊅㱑䳝㴪䯵 ⎁⺩㺅⸶㷅㺝㥝䯩㶽⻝㧩 ⩅㥝㱑䳝⺦㷅㐉㰵➤㰵㲭⭝䝁㴵⍽ ⣵䝁㴵㷙㊝㺅㷵 ②䲖㷅㷵⽩⩅⻞䯝⥥ ㍹㱱⏭㱑㞝㺝㥝⪝ 㜭⻁㳁㺅

ߏ 㞤䰍㱴⏰ 㐈㞡㊓㷸⻤㺅 ⍤䊴 ⍹㝡㷜 ⊠⟔ ㊓㊠㺈

⸶㷵 ⩅㥝䕥㈥⥉䥱㷙 ⍶㝞㊝㺅㱑㸉㰵 ⊁䓙㳁㷙㉹⊁

⍹㝡㷜 ⊠⟔

㸉⤕ 䊹⍡㸑⽍⊁ ⪙Ⓓ ㊕⸁⥥

‫ޙ‬⍶㝞‫ޚ‬㷁㝂䲹㍵㳅㝂㝞䩊⭲㷅㊕䝖㶽⻝㷹⊅⍽ 㸑㱱㷹⊅⍽ 㜭䴍㷹⊅ 㸑㥡 ⊅㷙㝂䲹㷙㻵⍽ 䳕䯪 ⎁⍅

㱴⏰㷜㌘㶈㊓㊭㌙ ‫ޙ‬⍶㝞‫ޚ‬㷁㝂⥺三 ➔㷁㌕㶅⿽ 䩭⎅䯙ヱ㜭䴍㳁 ⌾㺝 ⍽䯚 ⭲ く㷁㲂㱮⍽ ⎁⺩⪙㰵㸉⥥ ㍹㱱⏭⤕ ⍶⊅⮕ 㸑㷹㱑䎉㺑㷅た䐕⍡ 㸉㶽ヱ ⍶⊅⮕㸑㷹㐅㯽㾒 ⩅ 㥝㾒㥭䁁㷙䕥㈥⥉䥱㳹㐁 ⍶⊅㷅㾒㥭㶽⻝㱱⏭⿽ 䁅䰊䯝⥥ 䏝⑽ ⭥㰵 ⩅㥝㽽㉽⭥㷙䕥㈥⥉䥱 ⍶⊅㱑 ⦁䯝㢙㴕⊁ 䀞⊁䯙⍡ 㸉㶽ヱ ⩅㥝 ⮕㸑㷵➉⭥ 㱮㥝 ⩅㥝㸭㝞 ⮕㸑㷹㱑 ⎁㥭㷅 ⊁䁁ヵ㞝㢙く㷁㝉⻝㴵㯅㷵⮕㰵⿽ 㺝㥝䯙⍡ 㸉⥥ 㷵㱑 ⮱ⷽ 㲭⭝䝁㴵䁁㱮㷙〭ㄩ⧹あ㊪㌖⍽ ✢㷁㸭⽍㷙㸭䳝㴪 ⭲ 㱭⹭ ㊪㌖㷵㸈⮱ⷽ ⭲㸦䯙⍡ 㸉⥥ ㍹㱱⏭⤕ ‫ޙ‬⍶㝞‫ޚ‬㷙 ⊝⟑⍽ ㊝㺅㱑 ⦁䯵㺖〭䯩㶽⻝㧩 ‫ޙ‬⍶㝞‫ ⍽ޚ‬䁁㱮㜭䴍 ⍶⊅ 㜭㷵㷙 ⎁⍅⿽ ⧕ Ⓥ㷵㱱⏭ 䯵 ⍶㝞䕥㈥⥉䥱 ⍶⊅㷙 ⍶⊅ ⏭㞲⍽ 䤺㞲㷅㺖〭䯙 ⍡ ⍶㝞䕥㈥⥉䥱 ⍶⊅㷅䳝㴪䯝㲭⭝䝁㴵⍽ ⣵䝁㴵 ⊅㷙 ⍶㝞 ⎁⍅⿽ 䊿⍡㸑䯙㲁⥥ ⲑ䯝 ⎁⺩㞲⍶㜭⻁㊐㷹䞱➸ 㸑⽍㷙 ⌁㝊 ⟽ㆹ ⍡䊱㊐㐅㞞 ✵㴪㷅㺖〭䯙㱭 ⩅㥝㍁䳕㷙 ⍽㺖㱑 ⍶㝞䕥㈥⥉䥱㷙䯅㴕㞲㷅㺝 ⒱䯙㲁⥥ ぉ䁁お㶽⻝㜭⻁㐅㞞㷅䠶䯵㾒㴕⩅㷙 ⌱⍽ ⿽ 㺖〭䯙⍡ 㞥ㆹ㻱㜭⿽ 䳝㴪䯵㱱⏭ ⌱⍽㷙 ⊞⎁㞲㷅 ⌁䀞䯵䏝㼆 ⌱⻡㷅 ⩅䐝䯙㲁⥥?⑹〽 A

⿽ 㽽㴕 ✵㴪㶽⻝䯙ヱ㸑㶡⻮⍡ 㺅ヵ㺂㷹㊝㺅㷅 ⑽ ㍹㺂㷹 ⊁䓙䁁䰦㶽⻝㜽⤕ 㷵⟑㷅け䯝⥥? A ㍹⸙ 㷙㉹㷙 ‫ޙ‬⍶㝞‫ޚ‬㷁 ‫ޙ‬⍶䠶㝞䳝 GSRZMZMEPMX] ‫ޚ‬㷅㷙㉹䯝⥥ ⍶ 㝞㷁 ⥥㷹㼆⍽ ⥥㷹㼆㜭䴍㸅㷵㸑ㄆ䯝㜭䴍✙ ⩅㥝䤺三㞹⍅ ⦁⩅㥝㷙㷽㝂㝞䳝㱑㞝 ⛋㸅㱇㷵㊝㝞䯙⤕ 䊩㷵㳁䝁㷹⍽㷙㝂䲹㸒㴪 ⍽㺖㷅㷽䕬⤕ ⊝⟑㷵⥥? A

⍹㝡㷜㊠㺈 ‫ޙ‬⍶㝞‫ޚ‬㷁㞹⒱ 㝞ㆽ䯚㸑 ⥥㶉㷙䁅䳕⻡㊐ ⥥㶉㽽㷙㳁䯩╙ ⭲㸦䯙㲁⥥ 㞹⒱ ⹭㥝㯅㷙䛭⻝䩭䤹䜩 /VSTSXOMR 㷁 ⥥㶉㷙䁅䳕⻡㺂㌖䓚㱑 ⦁䯵㝞ㆽ ⊅ 㷹⊅⍽ 㷹⊅ ⊅㷙 ⌾㹂㊐㷙㻵 ⎁⍅⿽ 㺝㥝䯙⍡ 㷵⿽ ⟽䀞䯙ヱ㜭⸍⭥ ⊅㷙㝂䲹䁁䁁㳁㝂䲹㥡⼱䳕䯪㷅㽽㸦䯙㲁⥥ 㞹⒱ ⩆㷽㷙 ㆽ〭䯚㸑き䮅⺉䤹㯅㷵䖅 )MKIR 1ERJVIH 㷁 ⥥㶉㷙䁅䳕⻡㷅㍵䐪䯙㲁⤕⧱ 㝞ㆽ⍅㱑㞝䁅䳕⤕ 㸑㱱㞡䝞⍽ 㝂䲹 ⌾㹂㱑㷙䯵㷵⽩㰵㻍㷅㙑き㯅⥉ⷽ ⍶㻵㱮㥝⩅ 䁅䳕㷙㾒㴕䯝䲖㥞㷵ⷽ⍡ 㽽㸦䯙㲁⥥ ⟅⦁ ⻝ぉ䛵⹾ 'PYF SJ 6SQI 㷙䴍㵑⭥㷁㺅㞹⍅㺂㞲〉㷙 ㆹ㺝⿽ 〈❦䯝 ङ㞲㸦㷙䯝⍅ 0MQMXW XS +VS[XL च ㍵⍡㞝⿽ ㊝䫝䯙㱭㷹⿙㊝㺅㷁㷵㉹䯝⍅㱑 ⥭䰉㶽ヱ㺅㞹⍅ 㷹⿙⤕ 㺅䠶㺝㷽㽽㷙⿽ ㌅〭⍡ ⍶㝞㊝㺅㷅 ⩅ㄩ䯵㯽䯩㷅 ⊖㻱䯙㲁⥥? A

144

䯠⏱䗜䟔䒤䯝䴐⠀ㆼ䁄 :SP 2S

㷵䌙⹽ 䯚㸑⭥㷵㺝㥝䯝 ‫ޙ‬⍶㝞‫✵ ޚ‬㴪㷅㼆䯪䯙ヵ ‫ޙ‬⍶ 㝞‫ޚ‬㱑 ⦁䯝㷵䯵⤕ ⥥㷍⍽ ⊚⥥ ⍶㝞㷁㷹⿙㜭䴍㷙㻵㸭㊪㥞㾒䯙✙㷵ヱ ⍶㝞 ⎁⍅⤕ ⊝䌵 ⊅㷙㷵䁉㺂㝂

Ⓞ㢜䌤

Ⓞ⍁䷰

㷸㾄㸀

䲹㍵㳅䩊⭲ ⩆〾⍽ ⍶⩚㷵㷶㷅㊕䝖㶽⻝㷹⊅⍽ 㸑㱱㷹⊅⍽ 㜭䴍㷹⊅⍽ 㷹⊅ 㸑㥡㷙㝂䲹㷙㻵㊐㝂㝞㷙㻱䳕 ⎁⍅⿽ 㥥䲅䯙⤕ ⌄㷵⥥ 㶅 ⊝⟑㷅䠡⦁⻝ ‫ޙ‬⍶㝞‫ޚ‬㷙㌕㶅⤕ ⎒㌕㶅䯙⍡ 㱭⹭ ㊪ヵ⍽ ⎁⺩⪙㰵㸉㷍㷅㯍㢙㸉⥥ ‫ޙ‬⍶㝞‫ޚ‬㷅䜥㵍⭝⻝ ⟽ㆹ ⌁㝊㷅䁅䰊䯝 ⌱⍽ ⒱㢡⍽䯚㜭䴍⍽䯚㸑㱱 ⍽ 䯚⍽ ㆹ䯚㲉㢡㱮㜭 ⭲ 㱭⹭ 䯚ㆹ㱑㞝 ⎁⺩ ⟽ㆹ㷵 ⌁㝊⪙㱉⤕⧱ ⑹㾒䏝⑽ ⟅ 㷵✵㱑㸒㞲⪝ 㜭䴍⍽ 䯚㸑㱱⍽䯚㲉㢡 ⭲ ⊝ 㐅㯽㷙 ⟽ㆹ㱑㞝㍹ ⟽ㆹ⍽ ⎁⺩㷵㸉⤕ ⟽ㆹ㷅㞡㍅䯵 ⑹ 㽽㴕 ✵㴪㷅㐅㞞䯙㲁 ⥥ 䫠 ⍹㝡䊼⍤⠀ㆼ ㊓㐈㞡㌌䲼

㺄㸔

㺠ㄭ㾀㴘 ✸㴭

䌱⟈ 㸈⦄㯈䦐䤼 ⍹㴭 ⍹⊈㱔 ⦄䯠c⍹㝡 7]QFMSWMW ⮘㸔㷼㺅㴭㱴⏰ 㱴⏰ ⦄㝅㷄䌱⟈䒹㷜䌱⟈ 㯈䦐䤼⻠ ⠖㷄㸈⦄⽐㳄㾀 ⋴ 䳜⍁㷜㐌⑤䲙㷄䌱⟈⭨㷜㝡䳠㱰⋸㱔 ⦄䯠 ⊠㞤㴙䁈㵔 ⏰ 㸔⑽䯬 ⊙㸰䌤 ⍹㝡⮘㸔㷼㷈㱴⏰㷜䐠㊠㺔㷀⻠㝀㯈䌱⟈㸈⦄㯈䦐䤼㷜 ⍹⊈ ⒴⤩ ㆼ䳘䳜⍁㱔㤨ヴ⭤ ⍹㝡⮘㸔㷼㷜㱱䯤㷈㐈㞡䯜⍤ 㞨ㄉ䯬 ⍹㝡 ⮘㸔㷼㷈㺅㺌䯜⌐ 㺅㴭䯠 ⋸㷜䌱⟈㸈⦄㯈䦐䤼㜰⻄㐈㞡㊓㞨ㆼ㻴㜰䁈䰍䯬 ‫ޜ‬⍹㶤⩈㥠㞠㴼‫⩈ ⎀ޝ‬㥠䕨ダ䀌㺅㺈䴐 ‫ޜ‬⍹㶤⩈㥠㞠㴼‫ ޝ‬㺙䋉㷈㊘䝙㷀⻠㶤䶸⍹⊈㷈㸰䳠㴭䯜㱰㷸⎕㞡㸔㵔㜰㴭㷜䴬㶬㞵㷈 ⠖㸈䁄⒌ⓐ䁄䁈䰍⪠ ‫ޜ‬⍹㶤⩈㥠㞠㴼‫ ޝ‬㺙䋉㷈㓈䦔䯜⍤ ⩈㥠 ⍹⍹⩈⻠㳄 ⍹⩝㸔㵔㷜㝡㜴 ⊄䓜䳙⦄ ⊙㻴䯬㸀㍼ ⥨ㆼ䳘 ⍹㝡㷸⟔㷜 ⠀〰㳄㝅㝡㷀⻠㷜㺈䳜㸀㍼ ⥨ㆼ䳘 ⍹㝡㷈㾀㺠⻠㝀㯈㱴⏰ 䁈䰍䯜㲄㷐㸀㍼㷄㯈㥠㯈㱔㞠 ‫ޜ‬⍹㝡‫ޝ‬㱔 ⦄䯠㱴⏰⊄ 㓈⏔㺅䳠㊠丌䁈 Ⓞ⍁䷰ 䰍⪜⤘ ⏱⊄⻠㾀⻠ ⊅⏱ 㜰⸐⭨㷜㷼㼉⎀ ㆼ䳘㷜㢜㴭㜰⸐⎀ 㜰⸐ ⊈ 㜰⸐⎀ ㆼ䳘 ⊈㷜 ‫ޜ‬⍹㝡‫ޝ‬㷈㥨䲈䯜⍤ 㸌㷐? A ⥨ㆼ䳘 ⍹㝡㜰䴐㷜㺈䠹㲌㢤㷜㱱䯤㸀㍼㲨㜰䓸㊀㻵ㆼ䳘䦬が⥽㷈㾕㥰㷀⻠ ⟈ 㵘䛴㍄⩝㷸㝡Ⓒ 㸀㍼㷜㳼⏱ ⟼⩝⺩㢜㴭㺙㞵䷰ 㺙䋉㷈 ⥨⽼ Ⓞ⍁䷰ 㶈㳄 ⊝㷄㍄䳘⻠㸀㍼㱔䌸⿜㾕㷼㳼⏱㷼㷸䀡⊄䯤 ⌇ 㷀⻠㲌㝅⪜ヴ䰩䵈䁄㠑 ⊄⤩䯠㜰䴐ぐ⭨⒴ 㶈䯸㞠 ⤘ ㊀㻵䁕⥬㷜㠐䠹⎀ ⍹㻸㊀㻵䁕⥬㷜㺙䌸㞵㶤䁄 ⊄ 㾕㴘䯠 ⎀㺠⊄ ⪤ ⌇㷸⸀⤘ 㺔㷈䁄㺅䯬䁄㱱䩰⎈ 䖄㰸㱔㞠䁄㱱 ⍹㝡㜰䴐⻠㷜㺈䳜 ⍤⺽䳘⊄ ⊄㠑䳘⪜⍤ 㸌⤘ 㸀㍼㜰䴐㱴⏰ ㊴⍁㷀⻠㝀㯈 ⍹㝡㷈㾕㥰㷀⻠䯜⤘ 㼉䯭㺅㷼 ⎄〰㶈䯠㸀⺬㲨㷄䳜㷜㻴䓜㺠㥠䯬㸀㍼㷜 ⍹㝡㜰䴐㱔 ⎄䯠㱴⏰ ⋴㴼㝀㯈䯠⏱㷜 ⍹㝡㜰䴐㱔 ⎄䯠㱴⏰㷜䊼⍤㸔⽐㺠⍹䯬

⍹㝡⎀ 䝄㸔䎌⏱⊄ 㷸㾀㥠⦄㱔 ⩈㥠 ⍹⊈ 㷸⻤㱔 ⎄䯠㸰⍤䊴 ㆼ䳘㱴⏰ ✸㴭㷀⻠㝀㯈 ⍹㝡㷸⟔㷈䳠㴭䯸 ⩈㥠㜰⸐⎀ ㆼ䳘 ⊈㷜 ⎄⍈ 㱴⏰䯬 ⥨ㆼ䳘㷜 ⍹㝡㷸㜰⸐⎀ 㜰⸐ ⊈㷜 ⏔⿜㳄㺙䌸㞵㷈 ⏰ 䐙㷈䎍䁈䯬㷀⻠㧬 ⩈㥠䳠㞵䳘䯸 ⩈㥠㊠㺈㷈㷸⛐ 㢜㸌⥨⍤ 䯬㸔㱴⎀㷜 ⍹㝡㷈䠹䯠㷼ㆼ ⍹⊈ ⏰㝅 ‫ޜ‬㸔㱴䳜⍁⎀ 㷼⿜㜰䴐‫ޝ‬㷜 ⍹㝡 ⎄⍈ 㥨䲈㷈㶈䯸 ⏰䌸㺅㷼 ⍹⊈ 㜰⻄㷼 ⩉㸀㱤㟘䦐䛰 )QWGLIV TEVO 䮈⸕㤨㷜䤌⿸〰㺙㵔 0I .EVHMR HIW 8YMPIVMIW ㌤⿸㥠 ⍹ 㵔 0I 4EVG HI &IVG] 摨㉼⏱ ⣸㴙㷜䯜㷸⸀㷼䦐䛰 ,MKL 0MRI 4EVO 䠹䯸 ‫ޜ‬㷼⊈⎀ 㸔㱴‫ޝ‬㷜 ⍹㝡 ⎄⍈ ⏰㝅䯜㲄㷀ヴ㸔㱴⎀ 㷼⊈ ㆼ䳘 ⌴䯭䯸 ‫ޜ‬⍹㝡‫ޝ‬㷈㥨䲈䯜㱰㰀䯠⥨⍤ 㾀㸩䯬? A ⍹㝡㊠㺈⎀ 䱐㌙㷸㾄㸀㷄 ⍹㝡㊠㺈㺙䋉㱴⏰ ⒴䎌⻠ ⍹㝡㷄 ⍹㝡㜰㝅㶈㱔㞼㵐䁈 ⌇㷸⸀⍤ 㾀㸩䯬 ⍹㝡㷄㸀㼉㷜㷸⧴㲰⻠⒴⻠ ⦄ぁ䯜⤘ ⊄䓜⎄㷸✜ 㷸㷹 ⊈ Ⲕ⤘ ⑼⭨㷈 ⦄䫠䯜⤘ ⊠㷼㷸✜ 䁕⥬ ⊈㷜䳘䯭⎀ ⑤䲙㷈㴘⏰䯬 ⍹⍹㷜㷸㷹㷈㶈䯸 ⒴㍼␐㷈㺠㰁䯜⋴✜ ⒴㍼␐㷸 ⥨⿼ ⒴㍼␐⎀ 䐭⩐䯤 ⯐ Ⲕ⤘ ⒴㍼␐⎀ ⍹⍹㷜㷸㷹㷸䐭⩐ 䯤 ⯐ ⍹㝡㜰㝅㷸䯈㴘䯬䤽丌 ⍁㺠㺅 ⍹㷹㙔ぐ㯈⥌⸀ 㺙䓜✜ ㆼ䳘㺅 ⍹㷹㱔㞠⩈ ㄬ⫔ ⍹㝡㷜㜰㝅㷸䯈㴘䯜ヴ㷸㳼㱔⩈ 㜰䴐㍹䁄䩍 ⭵ 㞼⍈䩍䳘䩍䳘䠹㸀䁄㱱䲕⺩㊠㺈 ⭵ 㲅㱱㱔㞠⩈ ⍹㝡㷜㷸⟔㷸㴘⏰⪬ 㸀㍼‫⥨ޜ‬ㆼ䳘 ⍹㝡‫ޝ‬㺙䋉⎀ 䁄㱱㜰䴐㷜䁄㵔䳠⩝

䏠㍕⫔

㸀㍼ ⥨ㆼ䳘 ⍹㝡㷈㾀㴘㱴⏰ ✸㴭㷀⻠㝀⍤ 㸌㷀ヴ㳼⏱㷼㷜 ⍹㝡 ㆼ䳘䁕⥬㷈 ⏰䐙䯜㱰㺙㐄䒥ヸ㱔㞠㙔ぐ㯈⥌⸀ 㥠㊀㜰䴐⩈ 䁄㱱㜰䴐 ⥨ㆼ䳘 ⍹㝡㷜 ⠀㷜㳄 ⎄ 〰䌸㺠䳙⦄䯤㢜㸌⥨⍤ 㾀㸩䯬

⟽ㆹ㱑 ⎁䯝㞡䰊㱱⏭ ㊐㐅㞞㷙 ✵㴪㷅㺖〭䯙ヵ ?䫝 A⍽ ⊚⥥ 㜭䴍⍽䯚㸑㱱⍽䯚⍽ 㲉㢡㱑 ⎁䯝 ⟽ㆹ 㱑㞝⤕ ‫ޙ‬⍶㝞‫ޚ‬㷁䯙✙㷙㜭㝂㶽⻝㞝㷵⿽ ㊕䝖㶽⻝䯙⤕ ⍶㶡⩅㥝 ⍶㝞㜭䴍 ⍶㝞⍶⩚䌵 ⍶㶡 ⍶⊅ ⭲ 㺖䋆㻱䓙㷙 ⥥㰒䯝㜭ㆽ㷙㶶䯪㷅 ✙䝁✹⥥ 㜭⸍⍽ 㜭⸍ 㜭 ⸍⍽ ⍶⊅ 㜭⸍⍽ ⩅㥝 ⩅㥝㳁 ⍶⊅ ⭲㷵ㄩ⫑ ‫ޙ‬⍶㝞‫ޚ‬ 䯡㢙㸉⤕ ⍶㝞㊝㺅㷙㥥䲅㷵㲥⤙✡ 㜭⸍⭥㷵䐕⏭ 䯙⤕ ⌄㷵⥥? A

䕨㈨⥌䥴 ⍹⊈ 䕨㈨⥌䥴 ⍹⊈㷜 ⊠⟔ 䕥㈥⥉䥱 GSQQYRMX] 㷙㰵㵑㷁 ⷽ䥵㰵 ‫ޙ‬GSQQYRMW‫ޚ‬ 㷵⥥ 㷵⤕ ‫ޙ‬䯩╙‫ⶼ ⤕ⷽޚ‬㷙 ‫ޙ‬GSQ‫ޙ ⍽ޚ‬㎊㜭䯙⤕ 㷽‫ޚ‬㷵ⷽ ⤕ ⶼ㷙 ‫ޙ‬QYRMW‫ޚ‬㷙䯪㞲㰵㷵⥥ 䀊䕥㈥⥉䥱⤕ ‫ޙ‬䯩╙ ㎊㜭䯙⤕ 㷽‫ޚ‬㷵ⷽ⤕ 㷙㉹⿽ 䁁⥉⤕ ⥩㰵㷵⥥? A 㷵⤕ づ㴱䩭⎅㺂㷹㷙㉹⊁ 㸉⤕ 㴪㰵⻝㞝䁁㱮⍶⩚䌵 ⲑ⤕ 䁁㱮㜭䴍⍶⩚䌵 ⭲㶽⻝㌉㱮⪙㰵㜭㴪⪙⍡ 㸉㶽ヱ ⍶⩚ 䌵 ⍶⩚㠍㶡 ⍶⩚㴵ㄆ䌵㳁 ⊚㷁㰵㵑㷅䁁⥉⍡ 㸉⥥ ? A

ᦥ᜽ᦥॵᯱᯙ ᦥ⋕ᯕቭ

145

⩈㥠 ⍹㝡㷜䕨㈨⥌䥴 ⍹⊈⮘㸔㷼㜰⻄㱴⏰ ㌤㷸䁙䵈䠹 ᬂപ 䕨㈨⥌䥴㾕㥰㷀⻠

䕥㈥⥉䥱 ⊝⟑㱑 ⦁䯝㷵⻡㺂 ⍡䊱㷅䠶䯵䕥㈥⥉䥱 ⍶⊅㷙 ⊝⟑㷅䦍㝞䯵 ✽ 㢙㸉⥥ 䕥㈥⥉䥱 ⍶⊅㷵⸁ ⥩㰵㷙㷙㉹ ⑹⦁⻝䯵㞞䯙ヵ ⍶ ⩚䌵 ⍶⊅ 㠍䠶 ⍶⊅㶽⻝䁂㱮⪡ 㢙㸉㶽ヱ ⥩㢝三 ⍶ ⩚䌵㳁㠍䠶㷵㊝㝞䯙⤕ ⍶⊅㷅 ➙㰵㽽㉽⭥㷙㠍䠶㷅

㶤㞡䳜

㶡⩅䯙⤕ ⍶⊅㷙㷙㉹⿽ ✵䩭䯙⍡ 㸉⥥ 㷵⹭䯝䕥㈥⥉ 䥱 ⍶⊅㷁㷽㊙ ⍶㶡 ⍶⊅ ⍶㴪 ⍶⊅㷵ⷽ⤕ 㴪㰵⿽ く㷵㜭㴪䯙⍡ 㸉㶽ヱ䕥㈥⥉䥱 ⍶⊅㱑 ⎁䯝㱱⏭⤕ 㽽⻝䁒䯪㽽⋱ 䀊㯅䦍䤹⿽ ⦁㝂㶽⻝䯝㱱⏭⊁ 㽽⿽ 㷵⽩ ⍡ 㸉㶽㉁⻝㐁⦁ ㍶〭㥝㞥㷙㴪㰵⿽ 㜭㴪䯙⒱⩅ 䯝⥥

㷸㝅䷰

? A

䕨㈨⥌䥴 ⍹⊈⮘㸔㷼㷜㾀㴘 ✸㴭㶅㳁 ⊚㷁䕥㈥⥉䥱 ⍶⊅ ⊝⟑㷅䠡⦁⻝ ‫ޙ‬䕥㈥⥉䥱‫ ޚ‬ ‫ޙ‬㳹㐁 ⍶⊅‫ޚ‬㷅䜥㵍⭝⻝䯙㱭䏝⑽ ⟅⊅㷙 ⎁⺩ ⟽ㆹ 㷅 ⌁㝊䯝 ⌱⍽ 㲩ⷽ㷹䕥㈥⥉䥱 ⍶⍶ ⍶⊅ 㠎䕥㈥⥉

㊵㠐䲈

䥱㳁㯅䦍䤹䕥㈥⥉䥱 ⭲ ㄈ ⊁䁁䓵䟍⍡〭㷙 ⟽ㆹ⭥㷵 ⌁㝊⪙㱉⥥ ⑹㾒㱑㞝㍹ ⟽ㆹ⍽ ⎁⺩㸉⤕ 㽽⋱ ⍶⊅ 㶅㽽㷙䕥㈥⥉䥱 ⍶⊅㱑 ⦁䯵 ⏭䌵㺂㶽⻝㐅㞞㷅䁅䰊䯝 ⟽ㆹ⭥ 㲉䕩⦁ 䕥㈥⥉䥱㠎㱑䩭䯩⪝ ⍶⊅ 㶡䲖㷵 ⹭䯝 ⍶⊅ 㶡䲖⭥㷙 ⏭䌵㺂㷹䤺㞲䕥㈥⥉䥱㳹㐁 ⍶ ⊅㱑 ⦁䯵 ⌭䯵⿽ ㊞不 ⎁⺩ ⟽ㆹ⭥㷅㞡㍅䯙㲁⥥ 㞡㍅⪝ ⟽ㆹ 㾒㽽㺝⊁ 㶡㜭䯝 ⟽ㆹ⭥㷵㸉㱉⤕⧱ ⍶⊅ 㐅⿙㳁䤺㞲㱑 ⦁䯝㐅㞞㷵 ⧕ ⏭䌵㺂㷹 ⟽ㆹ㷅㞡㺖䯵 ⥥㷍⍽ ⊚㷵㺖〭䯙㲁⥥

㱰⹰ 䯝㸔⊄ 㺠㥠䯠 ⎄㥰㷈 ⒀⋴⻠䕨㈨⥌䥴 ⍹⊈㷜 ⏰㞵㴘㠐㺙〰䯜㲄㷐㴭㰸⤘ ⥨㠐䊬㷸⊄ 㸌䁄ぐ㷜㉼ ⒴㾄㷀⻠㐈⿜䯜ヸ㇀〰㞵㥰〰㞵 ⭵ ㄋ ⊄䁄㌘㾀⻠㐈⿜䯤㢜㸌⥨⍤ 䯜㲄㷐㷸⹰䯠ㄋ ⊄䁄㐈⿜㌘㾀㊘䝙㷀⻠ ⍹㶤㾀䝡㱔 ⦄䯠䕨㈨⥌ 䥴 ⍹⊈ 㐈㞡㷈䁈䰍䯜㲄㷐が㷈 ⍹⩝䌸䳠㞵䳘㶈䯠㠐①ㄬ䕨㈨⥌䥴 ⍹⊈⮘㸔㷼 ⍹⊈⮘㸔㷼㊭㌙㱔㸉⊅䯸㾀㊀㢜㴘㳄 ⮘㸔㷼 ⍈䴑㷜 ⊄㷸⭠⸀ 㷼㷈 ⒀⋴⻠ ⍹⊈ ⊄㍄㞵 ⍹⊈ 㱴⌴㞵⎀ ⍹⊈ 䳙㺙㞵 ⭵ 㞼 ⊄䁄 ⮘㸔㷼䤽㞵㷈㺠㥠䯜⍤ 㷸 ⒴㾄㷀⻠㜰⻄㐈㞡㷈䁈䰍䯜㲄㷐䕨㈨⥌䥴 ⍹⊈㷜䤽㞵㷈㾕㥰㷀⻠䯠䲕⩝ 㻴䯭䲙 ⍹⩝㾀䝡㱔 ⎄䯠㱴⏰ 㞤䰍㱴⏰ ⒀⋴⻠䕨㈨⥌䥴 ⍹⊈㷈䛰⌐ 㞼㼉⿜⻠㐈⿜䯜㲄㷐䌯㌌䁼⤘ 䁄㱱㞵㷀⻠䕨㈨⥌䥴 ⏰㞵㵔㷸㇀〰㺅䁄㱱㺅㷀⻠ ⩝ 㸀䯠 ⍹⊈㷈 ⍹㶤䯜䁄ぐ䕨㈨⥌䥴 ⍹⊈㷜㌘㶈⊄ 䳙⦄⪜ヸ㞠 ⍹⍹ 㞵⎀ ⊠㊭㞵㷸㺔䊬䕨䁄⍤ 㸌㷐 ⫔ ㌌䁼⤘ ⍹⩝䌸㞵㱴⦄⊔ 㷀⻠䯜✜㷜䁄㱱㷸✜ ⍹⊈㷈 ⍹㶤⸀ ⤘ ⌇ぐ㷀⻠⤘ 䕨㈨⥌䥴 ⏰㞵䯜䁄 ㄿ䯜ヴ ⏰㞵㵔 ⊈㱔㱰⹰ 㝅䲼㸕㴭㷈䠹䯸㶤⦄⊔⎀ 㱴⦄⊔㷈䲙㞵䯜㱰㰀䯬㞼㌌䁼⤘ 㶤⒴㞵㷀⻠䕨㈨⥌䥴⤘ 㜰䴐 ⍹⊈㷜䯠⍈⊄ 㸌㷀ヴ ⦄ 㳼㺅㷼䊬㍈㞵⎀ ⦄✸㺅㷼㺙䌸㞵㷈䠹䯸 ⩉ぁ㞵㷈㶤䁄䯜⤘ ⒴㍼㠑㞵㷈 ⊄䁄⍤ 㸌㷐䲕⩝ 㻴䯭㾀䝡㷜䕨㈨⥌䥴 ⍹⊈ 䲙㞵㱔 ⎄䯠㱴⏰ 䯝㸔⭨㷸㺠㥠䯠䕨㈨⥌䥴 ⍹⊈ ⏰㞵㴘㠐㳄䤽㞵㷈䠤⦄⻠䕨㈨ ⥌䥴㐈⿜䯜㲄㷐㺕⒀㞵㷄 ⩈㥠㺅ど⸁⎀ 䁈㸉⍹⊈⏰㞵㷈䩰䯬䯬㱴⍈㞵㷄 ⩈㥠䕨㈨⥌䥴 ⍹⊈ ⎄⍈ 㾀⋴ 䕨㈨⥌䥴 ⍹⊈ ⎄⍈ 䩰䯬䯬 ⏔⿜㞵㷄 ⋴㾀㊀㷜䤽㞵䕨㈨⥌䥴 ⍹⊈ 䮈⻠⑼⸬㷈䩰䯬䯬㶈䤽㞵㷈䠤⦄⻠䕨㈨⥌䥴 ⍹⊈㷈 ⋴㾀㊀㺈㴭䕨㈨⥌䥴 ⍹⊈ ⏔⿜䲙䕨㈨⥌䥴 ⍹⊈ 㲨䮌䲙䕨㈨⥌䥴 ⍹⊈㷀⻠㐈⿜䯜㲄㷐

㶅㷙 ⟽ㆹ⭥㱑 ⮱⿵ヵ䕥㈥⥉䥱 ⍶⊅㷁䁁㱮㺂㷹 ⌄ 㶽⻝㞝⻝ ⥥⿹ ⮕㸑㷹㴕㠍㳁䤺㞲㷅䠡⦁⻝㱭⹭ ⊝ 㷙㸒㷁 ⍶⊅㷅㱱⌱ ㊐䠶䯪䯵䯙✙㷙䁁㱮㺂㷵⍡ ⥥ ⒱⤦㺂㷹䁒䯪 ⍶⊅㷅䲖㞲䯙⤕ ⌄㷵ⷽ⍡ 䯡㢙㸉⥥

㠐 ⌴ 㞡䰊㱱⏭㷙䕥㈥⥉䥱 ⍶⊅㷙㼆⿙㐅㞞 ⍶⊅ ⏭㞲 ⭲ 䕥㈥⥉䥱㳁䕥㈥⥉䥱 ⍶⊅㱑 ⦁䯝 ⊝⟑㱑 ⮱ⷽ 䕥㈥

䫠䊼⍤ ⠀ㆼ 㺙〰㊓㐈㞡㺄㸔 ⟈⩈

Ⓟ⥨䷰

㺙㢜㱴

㶨㠐㱴

146

⠀ㆼ 㺠ㄭ ⏰㞵㴘㠐 ✸㴭

䁕䯭㾀⋴ ✸ 䕨㈨⥌䥴 ⍹⊈ 䴬㶬㺅㷼㜰㴭㷈㶈䯠㱴⏰ ‫ޘ‬43) 㷸㴭䯠 ⋴㾀㸔䩍⊄ ⒴䎌⻠䁕䯭㾀䝡㱔 ⦄䯠㷸⻤㺅 ⍤䊴 ⑼㾕䕨㈨⥌䥴 ⍹⊈ 㐈㞡㷀⻠㻵䯬䕨㈨⥌䥴 ⍹⊈ 㠑㷜 ⦄ 䤽㞵䀍䁄㱱㞵 ⍹⩝䌸㞵⎀ 㶤⒴䌸㞵㷈ㄉ䳙丌㺠㥠䯜⍤ 㸌㷐 43)㌙㷈䳠㴭䯸㾀㊀⭨㷜ぐ㻵⩈㱔䯈㴘䯠 ⍹⊈ 㶤䲙㷈㺙〰䯜㲄㷐㾀㊀㾕㥰㺅䕨㈨⥌䥴 ⍹⊈㷀⻠㷜䁕䯭㾀⋴⥬䁄㳼㐄 ⍹⊈ 䳠㴭㊭䰩㱔 ⎄䯠㱴⏰ 䲈⦄ 䕨㈨⥌䥴 ⍹⊈㷜 ⮘㸔㷼㷸⟔㱔 ⦄䯠㍄䳘㳄㊠㺈㷈㺠㥠䯜㲄㷐㞤䰍㱴⏰ 䠤⦄⻠ ⎄⺬ ✸㴭㷈㺙〰䯜㱰㾀䝡㳼㐄 ⍹⊈㷈䊬⹍ ⍹⊈ ㍸䰍⍹⊈ ⍁⍈ ⍹⊈ 㥠㞨⍹⊈ 㝡䝠⍹⊈㷀⻠㐈⿜䯜㲄㷐㷸⹰䯠㐈⿜䕨㈨⥌䥴㜰⻄㱔㷕㴭䯜㱰 ⍹⊈㍈ ⍹⊈⮘㸔㷼㐈㞡㷈䁈䰍䯜㲄㷐 ⍹㶤㾀䝡㷜䕨㈨⥌䥴䤽㞵㱔 ⎄䯠㱴⏰ ⏰㱱 ⍹⩝䌸㱔 ⦄䯠㐈㞡㷈䁈䰍䯜㱰䕨㈨⥌䥴 ⍹⊈㷜㾕㴘㞵㺠㥠䯜㲄㷐

⥉䥱㳹㐁 ⍶⊅ ㊐ ⑹ 㯉㱑䩭䯩⪝ ⏭㞲㴕㠍⿽ 㺖〭䯝 ⌄㷁㯅⸙㷙 ?䫝 A⍽ ⊚⥥ 䫠䕨㈨⥌䥴㳼㐄 ⍹⊈ 㐈⿜㊓ ⏰㞵㴘㠐? A ㌌䲼 ߎ ߏ ߐ ߑ ߒ

㳼㐄 ⍹⊈ ⏰㞵㾀䊬 ⍹⊈ ㍸䰍 ⍹⊈ ⍁⍈ ⍹⊈ 䨼㷜 ⍹⊈ 㝡䝠 ⍹⊈

⏰㞵㴘㠐

⩈⻠㾀䊬㞠䰍 ⩈⻠ ⋴〰㥠㞨㶤䶸 ⍹⊈ ⋸㇀䐠㸉⏰ ⍹⊈㷸㱴⌴⪠ ⍷ ⠄㷸䞴㴸⩝㥠㞨 ⎄㝅㴭 ⟽䁄䶸⌐㴭 ⟽䁄

㞡䰊㱱⏭㷙䕥㈥⥉䥱 ⍶⊅ 䤺㞲⍽ ⎁⺩⪝ 䤺㞲㷅㺖〭䯙⍡ ⊂⊂㷙 ⊝⟑㷅㺖〭䯝 ⌄㷁㯅⸙㷙 ?䫝 A㳁 ⊚ ⥥

䯠⏱䗜䟔䒤䯝䴐⠀ㆼ䁄 :SP 2S

䫠䕨㈨⥌䥴㳼㐄 ⍹⊈ 䤽㞵㺙〰? A ㌌䲼

䤽㞵

㇀〰㞵

㥰〰㞵

䳠⩝㞵

(

䁄㱱㞵

)

⍹⩝䌸㞵

㶤⒴䌸㞵

⊄㍄㞵

䳙㸩㞵

㱴⍈㞵

㺕⒀㞵

⏔⿜㞵

㞨ㄉ

䕨㈨⥌䥴㳼㐄 ⍹⊈㱔㞠 ⍹⊈㷜㱴㠑⎀ 㐈〰 ⊠㷼⍹⊈㷜㲅㱱㳼㐄 ⍹⊈㷜䳜⍁ ㄭ㺅䁄 ⍹⊈㷜 ⋴〰 ⭵ 䕨㈨⥌䥴㳼㐄 ⍹⊈㷜 ⍹⩝䌸㷜㥡㲌 ⭨ヸ䓠⒀⊔ 㠐㠑⊔ 㯌㺈⊔ 㷸㝅㞵 ⭵ 䕨㈨⥌䥴 ⍹⊈㱔㞠㷜ㄬ㸈㸕㷄㷸㌨䤼㊓㳼㐄 ⍹⊈㱔㞠㷜㝅䲼㸕㴭㥠㞨䕨㈨⥌䥴 ⏰㞵㵔⭨㷸 ⍹⩝㷀⻠㜰㴭䯜⤘ ⍹⊈ 䕨㈨⥌䥴㾀㊀ ⊈㷜 ⥨㰕䯠㝅䲼㸕㴭㷈䠹䯸䲙㞵䯠㶤⦄⊔ 㱴⦄⊔ 䕨㈨⥌䥴䯜✜㷜㸕㷄㜰䴐㥠㤨䟠㷀⻠㾀㊀㷜㝡䳠⎀ 㜰㴭 ⍹⊈㷜㶤⒴䌸㞵 ⍹⊈㷜 ⥨㰕䯠㍄䳘㊓㶤⩝㞵? A ⍹⊈㷜㐌䳙㥨㞵㷜㻸㸰⻠ ⍹⊈㷜㍄䳘㳄㥡㝡 ⍹⊈㷜㞵㸩㷜㍄䳘 ⍹⊈⎀ ⍹⊈ 㜰㷸㷜㱴⌴ ⎄⍈ ⍹⊈㷜 ⊠㊭㞵 ⩈㥠㳄䕨㈨⥌䥴㾀⋴⍹⊈⎀ 䕨㈨⥌䥴㳄㷜㱴⎄㞵? A ⍹⊈⎀ ⍹⊈ 㜰㷸㷜 ⋴〰⊔ ⍹⊈㷜ど⸁ ⊠㊭⍹⊈㱔㞠㜰⸐⎀ 㜰⸐㷜㺕䎍㾀㊀ ⊈㷜 ⏔⿜㷸㸔䕨㈨⥌䥴 ⍹⊈ 㥠㤨䟠㸀㐄

䕥㈥⥉䥱 ⍶⊅㷙 ⍶⊅ ⏭㞲⍽ 䤺㞲㱑 ⦁䯝 ⏭䌵㺂㷹

ߐ 㱴⏰㷜䊬㍈㞵 ⒱㻵䕥㈥⥉䥱 ⍶⊅㷙㱱⏭⿽ ㊕䝖㶽⻝ ⍶㝞⍽ 䕥㈥ ⥉䥱 ⍶⊅㷙㝂⎁㞲㷅䳖〾䯵 ⍶㝞䕥㈥⥉䥱 ⍶⊅㷙〭ㄩ⧹あ㷅㥥䲅䯩㶽⻝㧩㲭⭝㥝䥱㳁 ⣵㥝䥱䁁㱮㊝㺅㱑䲖䩊㞲㷅㐁㱭䯙⤕ ⌄㷵㷵㱱⏭㷙䊩㍅䳕⪙⤕ ㄪ㺂㷵⥥ ⮱ⷽ㞝㷵⹭䯝䊩㍅㺂㷹 ⎁㺑㱑㞝 ⍶㝞䁁㱮㜭䴍 ⍶ ⊅ ⑹〭⍡ 㲭⭝㥝䥱㳁 ⣵㥝䥱㜭㷵㷙㞝⻝㉹䓙⤕ 㲂䰦㷅 ⊖䳕䯝⥥ヵ ⍶㝞㷅㶅䯝䕥㈥⥉䥱 ⍶⊅⮕㸑㷹㷁 ⏮䁁㺂㷹䕥㈥⥉䥱 ⍶⊅㷙 ⍶㝞㷅䠶䯵㺅䌵㺂㷹 ⩅㥝 ⍶⊅ 䳝㞲䳕㱑⩅ 㲂䰦㷅㾅㢙㸉㷅 ⌄㷵⥥ ⲑ䯝㶅㱑㞝䁅䰊䯝㞡䰊㱱⏭㳁㷵⻡㺂 ⍡䊱㷅䠶䯵㾒⏮ ㌡㷵䁖 ⩅㥭㷙 ⟹䵅㜭䯪㵑 ෘത⁪ 㷙〭ㄩ⧹あ㜭㱆㷅㞡㺖䯙⤕ ⭲㷙㺅䲖㺂㷹䁁㱮㜭䴍 ⍶⊅ 㜭⻁⻝㞝㷙 ⊁䓙⿽ 䁁⥉⍡ 㸉⥥

㐅㞞㷅䠶䯵 ?䫝 A⍽ ?䫝 A㷙 ✵㴪㷅 ⌱䯪䯙㱭 ⑹㾒 ⎁⺩⪝ ⍶⊅ ⏭㞲⍽ 䤺㞲㷅㺖〭䯙⍡ 㱱⍅䯙㱭䕥㈥⥉ 䥱 ⍶⊅ ⏭㞲㷙㽽㴕 ✵㴪㷅㸭⏭㞲䯝 ✵㴪㷁 ?⑹〽 A 㳁 ⊚⥥

ߑ ⍹㝡 ⎄㺔䕨㈨⥌䥴 ⍹⊈⮘㸔㷼 ‫ޜ‬⍹㝡‫ ⎀ޝ‬䕨㈨⥌䥴 ⍹⊈㷜 ⎄⍈ ?⑹〽 A㳁㞡䰊㱱⏭㱑 ⮱⿵ヵ䕥㈥⥉䥱㳹㐁 ⍶⊅㷁䛭⌍ ⦁ ⍶⊅⍽ ⊝㷙䤺㞲㶽⻝ ✙⢍ 㢙㸉⥥ ⦁ ⍶⊅㷁㽽䊩 ⍶⊅ ㍵䰊 ⍶⊅ ⌾⍅ ⍶⊅ 䨹㷙 ⍶⊅⍽ 㝞䝝⍶⊅㷵⥥ ⦁ 䤺㞲㷁 ㆽ〭㞲㥭〭㞲䳝⩚㞲䁁㱮㞲 ⍶⩚䌵㞲㶡⒱䌵㞲㺒⑽㞲㱱⍅㞲 ⏑⿙㞲䳖㸦㞲 ⊁㍁㞲㷵⥥ ⑹㾒㱑㞝䁁㱮㞲 ⍶⩚䌵㞲⍽ 㶡⒱䌵㞲㷵㝂䲹⎁⍅⿽ ⊗⤕ 䤺㞲㱑⤕ 㺒⑽㞲㱱⍅㞲 ⏑⿙㞲䳖㸦㞲⍽ ⊁㍁㞲㷵㸉⥥ ⍶⊅⍽ 䤺㞲㷙 ⎁⍅㱑㞝㍽㢙㸉⭰㷵䕥㈥⥉䥱 ⍶⊅㷁䯙✙㷙䁒䯪㺂㷵⍡ ⥥㰒䯝 ⒱⤦㷅㢙㴪䯡㢙㸉⤕ ⊂ ⍶⊅㷵㞝⻝㻱䳕⪙⤕ ⍶ ⊅㷵⥥ ‫ޙ‬⍶㝞‫ ޚ‬㊝㺅㷙㷙㉹⤕ ㊕⻝㞝⻝ ⥥⿹ 㜭ㆽ 㜭㷵㷙㻱䳕㳁㶶䯪㷅㷙㉹䯙ヱ ⍶⊅⮕㸑㷹㱑㞝 ‫ޙ‬⍶㝞‫ޚ‬㷁㱭⹭ ⍶⊅ 㜭㷵㷙㝂䲹㸒㴪⍽ 㱱⍅⿽ 㷙㉹䯝⥥ ⮱ⷽ㞝 ‫ޙ‬⍶㝞‫ޚ‬㷁䕥㈥⥉䥱㳹㐁 ⍶⊅⍽ 㱱⍅⪙㰵 ⋱㥝㺂㷹 ⎁

⑼぀䕨㈨⥌䥴㳼㐄 ⍹⊈⎀ 䤽㞵㷜 ⎄⍈ 㺙〰

㺑㱑㞝 ⩚㷽䯝䊩㵑㱑㠎䯝⥥ ⲑ 㲥⤙✡ ⩅㥝㷙㽽㉽⭥㷁㸒㷁㯽㳹䳝⩚ ⍶⊅㷵䯅㴕䯙⍡ 䕥㈥⥉䥱 ⍶⊅㱑 ⦁䯝㜭⸍⭥㷙㢙㴕⊁ 䀞⊁䯙 ⍡ 㸉⥥ 㷵⌄㷁㜭⸍⍽ 㜭⸍㷙 ⏑⿙⿽ 䎊䁅䯙⤕ 㾒㴕

ᦥ᜽ᦥॵᯱᯙ ᦥ⋕ᯕቭ

147

⩈㥠 ⍹㝡㷜䕨㈨⥌䥴 ⍹⊈⮘㸔㷼㜰⻄㱴⏰ ㌤㷸䁙䵈䠹 ᬂപ 䕨㈨⥌䥴㾕㥰㷀⻠

䯝 ⍶⊅㷵ヱ ⍶㝞 ⍽ 䕥㈥⥉䥱 ⍶⊅㷙 ⌱䯪㷁㲥⤙✡

㞡㺖䋆㱑 ⮱ⷽ ㌡㷵䁖㱑㞝㷽⺩㷙 ⊝㞡㻱䓙⊁ 䁅䰊⪙

㜭䴍䳙⌾㱑㞝 ⩅㥝㷙㸭㝞㊝㺅㱑 ⩅㵁㷵 ⪝⥥? A

㱉⤕⧱ ㌡㷵䁖㜭䯪㵑 ⊝㞡㜭㱆⩅ 㱭⒱㱑䩭䯩⪙㰵㸉⥥ ‫ޙ‬⍶㝞㵑 సវ⁪ ‫ޚ‬㷵ⷽ⤕ 㜭㱆ㄆ㶽⻝䁅䰊⪝ 㜭㱆㷁

⍹㝡䕨㈨⥌䥴 ⍹⊈⮘㸔㷼㍹㱱⏭㱑㞝⤕ 㞡䰊㱱⏭ 㷵⻡㺂 ⍡䊱㠍⌱㱑 ⮱ⷽ ‫ޙ‬⍶㝞‫ ⍽ޚ‬䕥㈥⥉䥱 ⍶⊅⮕㸑㷹㷙 ⊝⟑㷅 ⌱䯪䯙㱭㝉⻝㴵 ⍶㝞䕥㈥⥉䥱 ⍶⊅㷙 ⊝⟑㷅㺖〭䯙⍡ 䦍㝞㥝䖱⥥ ⍶㝞䕥㈥⥉䥱 ⍶⊅㷁㷽㊙䕥㈥⥉䥱 ⍶⊅⍽ ⥭〭 ⍶㝞㜭㝂㷅㊕䝖㶽⻝㊝㺅䯙⍡ ⥥㰒䯝㴕㠍㷙 ⍶㝞㱑 ⒱䎉䯝䕥㈥⥉䥱 ⍶⊅㷵⥥ ⍶㝞䕥㈥⥉䥱 ⍶⊅㷁㷽㊙䕥㈥⥉䥱 ⍶⊅㷙 ⒱⤦㺂㴕⏭⿽ 䐪㻲㥝䜩⥥ 㷵⹭䯝㝂䳪㱑㞝㲜䕥㈥⥉䥱㱑 ⦁䯝〭ㄩ⧹あ㷁㲥⤙✡ 㜭䴍㷙㝉⻝㴵㜭㝂⍽ ⮕㸑㷹㊪㌖㷅㺒ㄪ䯙㱭㲭⭝䝁㴵〭ㄩ⧹

㜭䯪㵑㷙㓉㺖㵑⍽ ✚䵅⪝ ⍴㷅〭ㄩ⧹あ䯙㱭㥝⦁㷙 ䷑々㱑た䐱㲜 ⋱㽽㉽⭥㷙㝞䳝㢙㴕⿽ き㻲㥝䜵⍽ ⩚ 㥝㱑㵑⸙㷙㝞䳝⻝ ⩍㯅⊉ 㢙㸉⌍ 䯙⍡ 㺋㷁㞹⦁⿽ 㶡㸆㥝䖝㶡⏭䯝㱮㜭㳁㜭䯪㵑䵅䠶䕥㈥⥉䥱㝞䳝䳙 ⌾㷅 ⤑⛽⌍ 䯙⤕ ⌄㷅ㄪ㺂㶽⻝䯝⥥? A 㷵⤕ ㍹ ⟽ ㆹ㷵㶅㜭㱆㷅㱱⏭ ⦁㝂㶽⻝㞡㺖䯝㷵㶡㷵⒱⩅ 䯙 ⥥

㜰⻄㐈㞡 ⦁㝂䁁㐅㞞㱑 ⮱⿵ヵ ⊝㞡䮅⻝㺞䤹⤕ ⩚㞝 ⫑ ⊝㷙

あ㷙ㄪ㺂㷅 ⥭㞲䯝⥥ 㝉⻝㴵䕥㈥⥉䥱㷙 ⋵㞥㱑㞝⤕

㲭⭝㥝䥱⿽ 䩭䯩䯙㱭㌡㷵䁖䲹㞡㢝䳙⟹㞡 ⏭㱮㱑

⍶㝞䕥㈥⥉䥱㳁 ⊚㷁 ⍶㝞㷵⟑㱑 ⒱䎉䯝䕥㈥⥉䥱 ⍶

䎉㺑㷵た䐱㺹㸉⥥ ⎁⺩㥡ㆹ ⒱㜭 ? A? A㳁 ‫ޙ‬㌡㷵

⊅⮕㸑㷹㷵 ⛋㸅㱇㷵 ⌱䯪䯙⍡ 㸉⥥

䁖㥝㊝㺅㊐ ⊝䲂㶅㵑䴍‫㊱ ⊁ޚ‬䩭䯝㱆ㆵ㷽䁁? A㱑 ⑽ ⋱䯵 ⩅㥝㱑㞝㥥䰊㾒㷹 ⊝㞡䮅⻝㺞䤹⤕ ㊲䝒㜭 ᠙฼ ཟ ⏭㱮㌖㵑㜭 ᓵᖍཟ ⏭㱮㺅ㆹ ಅ誐 ⏭㱮 ⭲㷅䩭䯩

ߒ 䵈䠹 ᬂപ 䕨㈨⥌䥴 ⍹⊈㷜㜰⻄㱴⏰

䯙ヱ㴱㞡㷵ㄈ ⊝㷙 ␍㱮㷅 ⦁㝂㶽⻝〭ㄩ⧹あ㜭㱆

⦄㝅䁄㊓㱴⏰㜰⻄㷜㞤㺙

⎁⺩㜭㷵䤹? A⿽ 䠶䯵 ⑹㾒 ⦁䫝㺂㷹 ⌄㷅㞡䝞䯙㲁

䏝⑽ ㄈ ⟅ ⩚㯉㺅㞹⍅ ⩅㥝⊁ 㓡⿵⌍ ㊝㺅䯙⍡ 㲭 ⭝䝁㴵㷙㊝㺅㷵㺑䊩䩭䳕㝂䝝㱑㷵々㱑 ⮱ⷽ ⣵䝁㴵㷙 ⊝㊝㷵䎊䁅⪙㱉⥥ 䯙䁁き㢙㺂㶽⻝く㷁㲭⭝䝁㴵㷙〭ㄩ⧹あ䮅⻝㺞䤹⊁ 䁅䰊⪙㱉䁁き㜭㱆㷙䴩⍽⊁ ⒱⦁㱑㉹䓙䁁 ㄼ䯙⤕ ⌾㴱⊁ く⥥ 㾒⏮㱑㞝⤕ ㌡㷵䁖㜭䯪㵑 ෘത⁪ ⍽ 㷵⻝ ⏭㞲⪝ 䵅䠶 ᫿ധ 㷵 ⦁䫝㺂㷹 ⊝㞡㜭㱆㷵⥥ 㜭䯪㵑⍽ 䵅䠶㷁㶡⏭䯝㱮㜭⊁ 㸉䁁き㥝⦁㷙㊝㺅㱑 ⮱ⷽ 㯅䦍䤹✙ ㍅㸦 ⭲ 㝉⻝㴵㽽⋱㊪㥞㷙 ⭲㸦㶽⻝㺅䠶㺂㷹㽽⋱㊪㥞㷵㺑䊩 ⩅䝝⪙㱉⥥ ⣵ 㤥㾒⏮㥡⌾㍵ ‫ޙ‬⍶㝞㵑‫ޚ‬䮅⻝㺞䤹 ? A ⒱㜭㱑 ⮱⿵ヵ㌡㷵䁖 ⩚ 㞝㞲⏭⤕ ⩅㥝㾒㥭㱑㶅䓙䯵 ⏑䠶㷵䨹〭䯙䁁き㽽⋱ 䳙⌾㷵䲒㠍䯙⍡ 㥝㞥㷵㱵㯆䯵ㄈ㞹⦁㱑 ⋹䍑㜵㯙⧙ ⍴㷅 Ⱑ✙ 㓉䁒㷵㝞〈✙⍡ 㸉⥥⤕ ⫦䌮⏭ 㷽㐁㽽㉽⭥㷙け㷅㥤⒱⩅ 䯙㲁⥥ 㱮㜭㺂㷙㉹⊁ 㸉䁁き㜭⸍㷵㜵⒱㱑⤕ 㺂䯪䯙䁁㯋⥥⤕ ⌄㷵⥥ ㍹ ⟽ㆹ㷁㌡㷵䁖㜭䯪㵑⍽ 䵅䠶㶽⻝㷵⽩㰵䁅䕥㈥ ⥉䥱⿽ 㱱⏭ ⦁㝂㶽⻝㜽⍡ 㷵⿽ ⦁㝂㶽⻝㜭⻁㐅㞞㷅䁅䰊䯙㲁⥥ ⟅㐁䞱㾒⏮㱑㞝䐕䁅⪝ ⎁⺩ ⊝

148

㞡㺖㜭⻁⿽ 䳖㺖䯙㲁⥥ ⲑ䯝䯵⥺ 㜭䯪㵑〭ㄩ⧹あ ⥥ 䯝䨹㽽⋱⍶⊅㷙〭ㄩ⧹あ㷅ㄪ㺂㶽⻝䯝㜭⻁⻝⤕ 㐁䞱㌡㷵䁖 ‫ޙ‬⍶㝞㵑‫⊝ ⺩⎁ ޚ‬㞡䮅⻝㺞䤹⿽ 㥥㥝䯙⒱ 㥝㸒䰉⥥ ⮱ⷽ㞝 ⟅ 㷵䵅㌡㷵䁖 ⩚ 㞝㞲⏭ 㾒 ‫ޙ‬⍶㝞㵑‫〭 ޚ‬ㄩ⧹あ䮅⻝㺞䤹㷙㺅䲖㺂㷹㴱㢙㜭㱆㜭⻁⿽ 㞡㺖䯵㐅㞞䯙㲁⥥ 㯟㞝㰹⒊䯝䕥㈥⥉䥱 ⍶⊅㷙 ⏭㞲⍽ 䤺㞲㐅㞞㷅㜭⻁㐅㞞䯮ㄪ㶽⻝㜽⍡ ?䫝 A⍽ ?䫝 A㷙䤺㞲⍽ ⍶⊅ ⏭㞲 ✵㴪㷙㞥ㄆ㷅 ⌱䯪䯵㷵⿽ ⒱㾁㶽⻝㜭⻁㳁㜭䁅㷅䯩╙ 㐅㞞䯙㱭㻵㸭䯙⤕ ✵㴪㱑⤕ ࣯ 䫝㥝⿽ 㻵㸭䯙䁁㯋⤕ ✵㴪㱑⤕ ࣭ 䫝㥝⿽ 䯙㲁⥥ ⲑ䯝㶅㐅㞞 ✵㴪㷅䳝㴪䯵 ⎁⺩㺅⍶ ⏑㢙㳁䯚㝞ㄆ㷅 ⦁㝂㶽⻝㞥ㆹ㻱㜭⿽ 䁅䰊䯙㲁⥥ 㻱㜭㸑㾒 ⏑ 㢙⤕ ㄆ䯚㝞㷁ㄆ㷵㱉⥥ ⏑㢙ㄆ㷁ㄩ⫑ 㾒 ⏮㷹㶽⻝㌡㷵䁖 ⋱㽽㸑⊁ ㄆ㷵㱉㶽ヱ䯚㝞ㄆ㾒ㄆ㷁㾒⏮㷹ㄆ㷁䯝⏮㷹㷵㱉⥥ 㻱㜭 ✵㴪㷁䲅㸦㜭䁅⍽ 㐅㞞⩅⿽ 䊹⍡䯙㱭 ⎁⺩䤺㞲⍽ ⍶⊅ 㐅⿙⿽ 㞡䝞㊐㺖〭䯙㲁⥥

䯠⏱䗜䟔䒤䯝䴐⠀ㆼ䁄 :SP 2S

⩚䌵㞲㶡⒱䌵㞲㺒⑽㞲⍽ ⏑⿙㞲㷙䤺䁖㷅䐪㻲㥝䜩

䫠㜰⻄㸕䬌ㄉ

&IMNMRK &%-8% 1SZMI 8LIEXIV

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⥥ ⲑ䯝䕥㈥⥉䥱 ⍶⊅㷙 ⌾⍅ ⍶⊅⩅ ㍵㱭㾁⥥ 䫠㜰⻄㸕䬌ㄉ

‫ޜ‬1MRMEXYVI &IMNMRK‫ޝ‬ 2S (E]YER ,Y 8SRK

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0M <MRKKERK %VGLMXIGXYVEP 7XYHMS

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㍸䰍 ⍹⊈

䕨㈨ ࣰ ⥌䥴 ⍹⊈ & ⏰㞵 % ㊓㇀㥰䤽㞵〰〰

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&%-8% 㲂䳕⎁ 1SZMI 8LIEXIV 㷁 ⟅ ㌡㷵䁖 ⮕㸑㷹㶅䛭 &IMNMRK (IWMKR ;IIO ⒱⊅ 㾒 ⋵㞥⪝ 㸅㥝䰊㜭 ⎒㸦㶽⻝㊲䝒㜭 ᠙฼ཟ 㱮㜭⏭㱮㱑㸉⥥ &%3 ⋵㞥㜭ㆵ㠍㳁䮅⸒㤥㽽㾒 ⦁㜭⎁㷙䯪㸒㶽⻝ ⋵ 㞥⪙㱉⤕⧱ 㰒䒢㷁㺖㵑㷅㲂⏭㺂㷹 ㆹ䳕䰊㜭 ⍶⊅㶽⻝ ☹㉹⍡㸑䮅⻝㺞䤹⿽ 䁅䰊䯙㲁⥥ 㷵䮅⻝㺞䤹㷙䯶㥭㷁 ⒱㻵㷙 ⋵ㆽ 㜭㷵㱑ㄪ㻱㯽㳹⑺㸦㷅㞥䓙䯵㥥✵ 㳹 ⍶⊅㷅㱱⌱䯙⍡ ⍶⊅㱑 ⦁䯝 ⤑✍㷅㳅㺅三㊕♕ ⠔⤕ ⧱ 㸉⥥ 㷵 ⑺㸦㷁㽽㉽⭥㷙㜷㱑㝉⻝㴵䳝⺦㷵 ⪙㱉㶽ヱ㝉⻝㴵 ⌄⍽ ✢㷁 ⌄㷵㰵㴹⺥䬎㐁䯝㷵㌥䤹⿽ き⭥㰵 ❉⥥ ⮕㸑㷹㷁 ⍶⩚㝞䳝䕥㈥⥉䥱䳙⌾⍽ 㽽㉽ㄩ㸅㷅㺅䠶㺂㷹㊪㥞㶽⻝ ⌱䯪䯙㱭 ㆽ〭㞲㥭〭㞲䁁㱮㞲 ⍶

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ᦥ᜽ᦥॵᯱᯙ ᦥ⋕ᯕቭ

149

⩈㥠 ⍹㝡㷜䕨㈨⥌䥴 ⍹⊈⮘㸔㷼㜰⻄㱴⏰ ㌤㷸䁙䵈䠹 ᬂപ 䕨㈨⥌䥴㾕㥰㷀⻠

䯙㲁⍡ ⍶⊅㱑䁁㱮㞲 ⍶⩚䌵㞲㶡⒱䌵㞲䳖㸦㞲㱱

㷁 ⒱㻵㷙䁅 ૴蒃 ⏭⩅⿽ 䴍㍶䯙ヵ㞝 ‫⋱ޙ‬䬉‫⊚ ⍽ޚ‬㷁

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㷙㴕⏭⿽ 䐪㻲㥝䖝 ⌾⍅ ⍶⊅㷅㯾䳕䰉⥥ ⲑ䯝䕥㈥

䰦㝂䯙⍡ 㷵㵄 ⎁⍅⿽ 䳝㞲䳕䯩⍽ ⩚㥝㱑 ✢㷁 ⋵ㆽ㱑

⥉䥱㱑㥞⥺ ⏭㱮㷅㞥䓙䯙㱭㼌㷁䕥㈥⥉䥱䳙⌾ 㐅㶅

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⍶⊅⍽ 䤺㞲㱑 ⦁䯝㐅㞞㱑 ⮱⿵ヵ㷵㜭⻁⤕ 㽽⻝㱱⍅⿽ 䳝㴪䯙㱭䕥㈥⥉䥱 ⍶⊅㷅㱱⌱䯩㶽⻝㧩㲭⭝ 䝁㴵㷅䳝㞲䳕䯙⍡ 䕥㈥⥉䥱㳹㐁 ⍶⊅㷅䳖㸦䰉⒱ ⯍

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䁄㱱㞵

ࣲ

ࣰ

ࣲ

⍹⊈ ⏰㞵 ߐ ⍁⍈ ⍹⊈ ࣰ

) ⍹ ⩝ 䌸㞵 ࣲ

䤽㞵 * 㶤 ⒴ 䌸㞵 ࣲ

ߑ 䨼㷜 ⍹⊈ ࣲ

ߒ 㝡䝠 ⍹⊈ ࣲ

⊄ ㍄㞵

䳙㸩㞵

㱴 ⍈ 㞵

㺕 ⒀ 㞵

⏔ ⿜㞵

ࣰ

ࣲ

㷵⤕ ㌡㷵䁖㺅ㆹ ಅ誐 ⩚䄾㱑㸉⤕ 䌮✙ⷽけ䁁㰵䁅㜭䯪㵑㱑 ⦁䯝㍶⏭ ㊐〭ㄩ⧹あ㜭㱆㷵⥥ 㜭䯪㵑

150

䕨㈨ ⥌䥴 ⍹⊈ ⏰㞵㊓䤽㞵

ߎ 㾀䊬 ⍹⊈ ࣰ

ߏ ㍸䰍 ⍹⊈ ࣲ

(

㇀〰㞵

㥰〰㞵

䳠 ⩝ 㞵

䁄㱱㞵

ࣲ

ࣰ

ࣲ

⍹⊈ ⏰㞵 ߐ ⍁⍈ ⍹⊈ ࣲ

) ⍹ ⩝ 䌸㞵 ࣲ

䤽㞵 * 㶤 ⒴ 䌸㞵 ࣲ

ߑ 䨼㷜 ⍹⊈ ࣰ

ߒ 㝡䝠 ⍹⊈ ࣲ

⊄ ㍄㞵

䳙㸩㞵

㱴 ⍈ 㞵

㺕 ⒀ 㞵

⏔ ⿜㞵

ࣰ

ࣲ

㷵䮅⻝㺞䤹⤕ ㌡㷵䁖 ⫦䌮⏭ 䑩㯉⹊ 䵅䠶 5MER

䯠⏱䗜䟔䒤䯝䴐⠀ㆼ䁄 :SP 2S

0MERK EPPI] 㷙㵑ⷾ⭥ 㜭㷵㱑㸉⥥ ⒱㻵 ⋵ㆽ㷁㜭䯪㵑㱑㞝 ䷕三㍽㢙㸉⤕ ⌾㜭䁅䁁㐖㷵㯅⥉ⷽ 㱭⹭ ⊝ 㷙㐅〭⪝ ㌾⩍⻝㷵⽩㰵䁅䩊䁁㐖㷵㱉⥥ 㸦㠍⤕ 㯟⬥ ⫑ 㐁㐅㶽⻝ ✙⢍ 㢙㸉⤕⧱ 㯟䄾㷁 ⍶䁁 ᤨ෮ 㷵⍡ ㌾ ⩍䁒 ⫑ ⊝㳁 ⍡ㄪ䯝 ⑹⽩⊁ 㸉㱉㶽ヱ ⬥䄾㷁 9㸑䲖 ⋵䐖ㆽ⻝㶡〭䁁㐖㷵㯉ぉ⥺㷅 ⧯⍡ 㸉㱉⥥ 㲥⸙⪝ ⋵ㆽ⻝ ⏭㻱⊁ ⟹䵅䳕⪙㰵㸉⍡ ㊪㷵䲒㠍䯙⍡ ⒱㊙㥝

䕨㈨ ⥌䥴 ⍹⊈ ⏰㞵㊓䤽㞵

ߎ 㾀䊬 ⍹⊈ ࣲ %

ߏ ㍸䰍 ⍹⊈ ࣲ '

(

㇀〰㞵

㥰〰㞵

䳠 ⩝ 㞵

䁄㱱㞵

ࣲ

ࣰ

ࣲ

⍹⊈ ⏰㞵 ߐ ⍁⍈ ⍹⊈ ࣲ

) ⍹ ⩝ 䌸㞵 ࣲ

䤽㞵

* 㶤 ⒴ 䌸㞵 ࣲ

ߑ 䨼㷜 ⍹⊈ ࣲ +

ߒ 㝡䝠 ⍹⊈ ࣲ -

⊄ ㍄㞵

䳙㸩㞵

㱴 ⍈ 㞵

㺕 ⒀ 㞵

⏔ ⿜㞵

ࣰ

ࣲ

ࣰ

㞥㷵㐁㻲䯵䲅⦁ 㝞䳝㱑㺂䯪䯙䁁㯋⌍ ⪙㰵 ⊝㞡㷵䯅㴕䯝㝂䳪㷵㱉⥥ 〭ㄩ⧹あ ⪝ ⋵ㆽ㷁㷵⿽ 㸡㸭 ⍡

⻝ ✵㐁 ⒱⤦㷅㱱㸦䯙⤕ 㱮䯡㷅䯝⥥ 䁁㐖 ⌾⎁⍽ 㽽

⊞㱑⌍ 㸅⦁䯙㱭㜭ㆵ㥥ㄩ㸅㽽⋱⊁ ㄩ⫑ ⊁⤦䯝䝅

㍁㷙㍶㸢䯙⍡ ⥥㰒䯝㓅䝉䁁㐖 ⋵䐖㷁 ✙ㆵ㳁㻱䳕⿽

⺦㺂 ⍶⊅㶽⻝㜭㴪䯡㢙㸉⌍ ⪙㱉⥥ ⮱ⷽ㞝䯵⥺ ⊝

㷵⽩ヵ㞝㍵䰊⍶⊅⍽ 㝞䝝⍶⊅㷅 ⏭䲅䯙⍡ ⌾⍅ ⍶⊅

㞡㷙䯶㥭㷁䲅㻵䯙⤕ 㱭⋵㱑た⌍ 㺂㺉三䌡⋱䯙㱭 ⋵

㷅䲖㞲䯙㱭䁁㱮㞲 ⍶⩚䌵㞲㶡⒱䌵㞲㱱⍅㞲㺒⑽

䐖 ⍶⊅㷙䳝⺦㷅 ⠓㷵⍡ 㐉䳖㥥䯝 ⒱⤦㷅㰵ⰼ⌍ ⦁䌙

㞲⍽ ⏑⿙㞲㷅㊙㲂䯙⍡ 㸉⥥ 䓡㜭䯪㵑 ૱᭘ത⁪ 5MWLI 'SYVX]EVH 㷁㌡㷵䁖 ⏭

䯙⤑❑㷵⥥ 〭ㄩ⧹あ ⍽㺖㱑㞝䴍⸒㷅䐕⊁䯵䁁㐖⍽ ㊕⥦ 䁒⍽

⩅㥭㷙䯶㥭 ⏭㱮 ✵㱑㸉⥥ ➉㓅⊁ 㯾 Q Ⓓ㷵⊁

㺖㵑㷅㸈⤕ ┿㱭㸉⤕ 㢝䳙⏭㻱⿽ 䠶䯵 ⋵ㆽ㷙㯉⍽

㯾 Q㷹㠍䲖䁅㜭䯪㵑㷵⥥ ⒱㻵 ⋵ㆽ㷵 ⋵䐖⪝

㊗㶅㳁㯅⸙ 㝉⻝㴵 ⌄⍽ ✢㷁 ⌄㷙㝂䲹㸒㴪㷅㥥䲅

䁁㲥⸙⪙㰵 ⒱㍹䲖䝝⿽ 㶡䁁䯙⍡ 㸉⤕ ㄪ㻱 ⦁⭥㍵㳁

䰉⥥ 䩊䁁㐖㷁㜭䯪㵑㱑 ䷕䯙䁁㯋㷁 ⍶⍶ 䳝⩚ 㸦㠍

㉽⏮ 㥝⦁㺂䤺䁖㷵 ✩㯅㸉⤕ 㯅䓙䲖 ⦁ㆹ㷅㺝㳹䯙⍡ 䁁㐖㌾ヵ ㆹ⍽ 䊾ㆹ ⭲㷁 ⦁㐁㐅㷵㉹䦍㠑⪙⋱✙ 㠍

䫠㜰⻄㸕䬌ㄉ

5MWLI 'SYV]EVH

㥥⪙㱉⥥ ⍶⊅ ✵㐁㱑⤕ ⊁ ⋵ㆽ㷵く㷵 ✩㯅㸉㱉⥥ ⮘㸔㷸➌

%VGLWXYHMS

⟈⩈

㷵㌉ ⊝㞡㷁 ✢㷁 ⌄㷅䴍㍶䯙⤕ 㷙㉹⩅ 㸉䁁き㝉⻝㴵 ⌄㷅㽽㸆䯙⤕ 㷙㉹⩅ 㸉㱉⥥ ✢㷁㵑ⷾ㷅㺖〭䯙ヵ㞝㱮㜭㺂 ䷕㺂㷅㍵㻵㊐䴍㍶䯩⍽ ⩚㥝㱑㝉⻝㴵㶡⸒ ᕳဦ ⒵ ㍶⩅ ⍶⊅⍽ 㽽䊩⍶⊅㷅䐕⊁䯙㲁⥥ 㝉 ⌄⍽ 㲜⌄㷅㾒䌪䯵㝉⻝㴵䎞䌵⿽ 䲖㞲䯩㶽⻝㧩 ⊝㞡㷅䠶䯝㥡 ኈ z⏭ 媏㷙 ⍶㝞㷵ⷽ⤕ 㠍⒱㷙ㄪ㺂㷅 ⥭ 㞲䯝 ⌄㷵⥥ 〭ㄩ⧹あ䮅⻝㺞䤹 ⍽㺖㱑 ⒱㻵㷙㺖㵑㷅㊕䝖㶽⻝㝞䝝⍶⊅㷅 ⮕㸑㷹䯙㲁㶽ヱ㽽䊩⍶⊅㷅䐕⊁䯙㲁⍡ 㶡 ⸒㷅 ➤㰵㍵䰊⍽ ⌾⍅ ⍶⊅㷅䲖㞲䯙㲁⥥ ⲑ䯝㵑ⷾ

⑼぀

✵㐁㱑㞝㸭䊼䁒 ⭲ 㥝㞥⍶⊅㷅䐕⊁䯵㝂㷒䯙⤕ ㆽ 〭㞲㥭〭㞲䁁㱮㞲 ⍶⩚䌵㞲㶡⒱䌵㞲㱱⍅㞲⍽ 㺒 ⑽㞲㷅 ⏭䲅䯙㲁⥥

㐈㞡 ⌴⎀ 㺅ㆹ㷙 ⍶⊅⍽ 䤺㞲㐅㞞㌡㷵䁖䵅䠶䕥㈥⥉䥱㷙㜭⻁㐅㞞㐅㞞 ⌱⍽ 䐕㷵㐅㞞㷅䠶䯵 ⍶⊅ ㊐䤺㞲㷙㾒㴕⩅⿽ 㺖⺭䯙⍡ 㾒㴕㴕㷹㷅㞡䝞䯙㱭㺖〭䯙㲁 ⥥ ⲑ䯝㞥ㆹ㻱㜭⿽ 䁅䰊䯙㱭ㄆ㷙䯚㸑㳁䯚㝞㷙

ᦥ᜽ᦥॵᯱᯙ ᦥ⋕ᯕቭ

151

⩈㥠 ⍹㝡㷜䕨㈨⥌䥴 ⍹⊈⮘㸔㷼㜰⻄㱴⏰ ㌤㷸䁙䵈䠹 ᬂപ 䕨㈨⥌䥴㾕㥰㷀⻠

㥝⊂㶽⻝㜭⻁㾒 ⍶⊅㱑 ⦁䯝㷹䁁㳁 ⤑✍㷅䠶⍅ ㊐㺖〭䯙㱭㯅⸙㳁 ⊚㷁 ⌱⍽⿽ ⩅䐝䯙㲁㶽ヱ ⑹ ✵㴪㷁㯅⸙㷙 ?䫝 A⍽ ?䫝 A⍽ ⊚⥥

㼉䯭

䫠㜰⻄㐈㞡 ⌴⎀ 㜰⺌

㐈㞡⌴⎀

䫠㞨ㆼ 㻴㜰 ⌴⎀ &IMNMRK &%-8% 1SZMI 8LIEXIV

⏰㐈

⍹ ⊈

‫ޜ‬1MRMEXYVI &IMNMRK‫ޝ‬ 2S (E]YER ,Y 8SRK

,YXSRK &YFFPI

䕨㈨ ⥌䥴 ⍹⊈ ⏰㞵㊓䤽㞵䤽㞵

ߎ ߏ ߐ ߑ ߒ % & ' ( ) * + , . /

㜰⺌㜰⺌㜰⺌㜰⻄㜰⻄䩍⑤

㾀䊬 ⍹⊈ ㍸䰍 ⍹⊈ ⍁⍈ ⍹⊈ 䨼㷜 ⍹⊈ 㝡䝠 ⍹⊈ ㇀〰㞵㥰〰㞵䳠⩝㞵䁄㱱㞵 ⍹⩝䌸㞵㶤⒴䌸㞵 ⊄㍄㞵䳙㸩㞵㱴⍈㞵㺕⒀㞵 ⏔⿜㞵

?䫝 A㷙㺖〭 ⌱⍽㱑 ⮱⿵ヵ䩊⊁ ⭲⒊㷅 ⥩⍅⻝ ✙⢍ 㢙㸉⥥ b ⤕ 㾒㴕䯙䁁㯋㷁 ⭲⒊ b ⤕ 㷽㊙ ⭲⒊ b ⤕ 㾒㴕 ⭲⒊ b ⤕ ⊁㸦㾒㴕䯝 ⭲⒊㷵⥥ 㷵 ⭲⒊㱑 ⮱ⷽ 䫝㷙 ⌱⍽⿽ 㝊㶽⻝ ⏭㐅䯙㲁㶽ヱ㾒㴕䯙䁁㯋㷁 ⭲⒊㷙 ⍶⊅⍽ 䤺㞲 ✵㴪㷅㊱㺝䯙⍡ 㷽㊙

0E]IVMRK 'SYVX]EVH

⭲⒊⍽ 㾒㴕 ⭲⒊ ⊁㸦㾒㴕䯝 ⭲⒊㷙 ✵㴪㷅㞡䝞䯙㲁⥥ ⲑ䯝㼆䯪㐅㞞㷅䠶䯵䯮ㄪ㍅ ✵㴪㷙䩊②㷅 ⩅ 䐝䯙⍡ 㾒㴕⩅ 㢝㶽⻝㢝㶅⿽ 㺖〭䯙㲁⥥ ⍶⊅㷙㾒㴕⩅ 㢝㞝⤕ ⠓㷁㢝㱑㞝 ✯㷁㢝㶽⻝ ⌾⍅ ⍶⊅ ߍ ㍵䰊 ⍶⊅ ߌ 㝞䝝 ⍶⊅ ߏ 䨹㷙 ⍶⊅ ߎ ⍽ 㽽䊩⍶⊅ ߋ 㷵㱉⥥ 䤺㞲㷙㾒㴕⩅ 㢝㞝⤕ ⠓㷁㢝㱑㞝

5MWLI 'SYVX]EVH

✯㷁㢝㶽⻝ ㆽ〭㞲 % 㺒⑽㞲 . 㶡⒱䌵㞲 * 䁁㱮㞲 ( 㥭〭㞲 & ⍶⩚䌵㞲 ) 㱱⍅㞲 - ⏑⿙㞲 / 䳖㸦㞲 , 䳝⩚㞲 ' ⍽ ⊁㍁㞲 + 㷵㱉⥥ 㶅㷙㐅㞞 ⌱⍽⿽ ㊕䝖㶽⻝ ?䫝 A㷅 ⦁㻱䯵㍵ヵ㞥ㆹ㻱㜭㷙㐅㞞 ⌱⍽㳁㱱⏭ ⌱⍽⊁ ⋱㷙㷽䓙䯩㷅㯍㢙㸉㱉⥥

152

䯠⏱䗜䟔䒤䯝䴐⠀ㆼ䁄 :SP 2S

ߓ ⌴⻤㌡㷵䁖 ‫ޙ‬⍶㝞㵑‫〭 ޚ‬ㄩ⧹あ䮅⻝㺞䤹⤕ 䵅䠶䕥㈥⥉䥱

䥱㜭㷵㱑 ⧕ 㾒㥭㷵 ⪙⤕ 㶅䓙⿽ 㞡䝞䯵䨹㷙 ⍶⊅㷅㞥䓙䯡㢙㸉⥥ 㲉⿽ ⭥㰵䓵䨙㞝㺑 ⭲㷙 ⍶⊅㷁 ⒱ ⟑㷽⍽ ⊚㷁㥝⒱㱑㽽㉽ ⊅㷙 ⏑⿙⿽ 䎊䁅䯡㢙㸉⥥

⿽ ⦁㝂㶽⻝䯙⤕ ⍶㝞㊝㺅㷅ㄪ㺂㶽⻝䯙⤕ 䲅㸭㷙

ぉ䁁お㶽⻝㽽䊩 ⍶⊅ ߋ 㷵⥥ 㷵㱮㥝 ⍶⊅㷙䛭⒱

⦁䫝㺂㷹 ⮕㸑㷹䮅⻝㺞䤹⥥ ㍹㱱⏭⤕ ⍶㝞㊝㺅㷅

㱑㺝䯝㷅㊜⤕⥥ 㽽䊩 ⍶⊅㷁䊩⩅㳁㽽䊩⍶⊅㷅䩭

⒱䎉⻝ ⍶㝞㷅䠶䯵 ⩅㥝㷙 ②䲖㺂㷹㊝㺅㷅㷵⽩⒱⿽

䯩䯙⍡ 㸉⤕⧱ 䵅䠶㷙䩮㷵㼂㯅䊩⹊ 䐝㸆㷵㐉䨹䯙

䷭ぞ䯝⥥ ㍹㱱⏭㱑㞝⤕ 㞡䰊㱱⏭⿽ 䠶䯝㷵⻡㺂 ⍡䊱

⍡ 䕥㈥⥉䥱 ⍶⊅㱑㍵䰊⍶⊅㷵く㯅䴩㶩㺂㷹㽽䊩⍶

⻝ ⍶㝞 ⍽ 䕥㈥⥉䥱⿽ 㥭䒶㺂㶽⻝㷵䯵䯙⍡ 㜭⻁㐅

⊅㷵㾅㰵⭡⥥ 䯙䁁き ⩅㥝⊁ 㓡⿵⌍ ㊝㺅䯙ヵ㞝䊩⹊

㞞㷅䠶䯵䕥㈥⥉䥱 ⍶⊅㷙 ⍶⊅ ⏭㞲⍽ ⍶⊅ 䤺㞲㷅

㷵㴪㷵㺑㺑 ⤙㰵✙⒱ ⯍ㆹ㱑㽽䊩⍶⊅㷙 ⮕㸑㷹㷵䯅

㺖〭䯵 ⏭䌵㺂㷹㐅㞞 ⌱⍽⿽ ⩅䐝䰉⥥ 㜭⻁⻝㞡䝞䯝

㴕䯙⥥

㌡㷵䁖䵅䠶䕥㈥⥉䥱⤕ 㲥⸝ ⒱⊅ 㻵㸭䯙ヱ ⩆䤺䯝 ㆹ

䤺㞲㐁㐅㱑㞝㓅⏑㺂㾒㴕䯝 ⌄㷁㴱㞡 ㆽ〭㞲 %

䳕⿽ 䲖㞲䰉⥥⤕ ⧱ 㷙㷙⊁ 㸉⥥ 㷵⹭䯝 ⋵䐖ㆽ㷁〭

㥭〭㞲 & 䁁㱮㞲 ( 㶡⒱䌵㞲 * ⍶⩚䌵㞲 ) ⍽ 㺒⑽

ㄩ⧹あ㷵㰵⺶⍡ ⒱㻵 ㆹ䳕㳁䲖䝝⿽ 㶡䁁䯙ヵ㞝⩅ 㥝

㞲 . 㷵⥥ ㆽ〭㞲㷙䩭䯩㌕㶅⤕ づ㴱 ➔㷁⧱ ⍶⊅き

⦁㳁䯩╙ ✙㯅⊁㯽䯝⥥⤕ 㺑㱑㞝㍹㱱⏭㷙 ✵㴪㱑

㻵㸭䯝⥥ヵ ㆽ〭㞲㷵㸉㷅 ⌄㷵⥥ 㥭〭㞲㷁 ⍶⊅㷙 ⤑

㐁䯪䯝⥥ ⑹⹭㉁⻝㍹㱱⏭⤕ 䕥㈥⥉䥱 ⍶⊅㷙 ⍶⊅⍽

✍㷅 ⧕㴲㾒㥝䯙⍡ ⍶⩚㶽⻝㜭㴪䯙⤕ ⍶⊅㷵㻵㸭䯙

䤺㞲㷅㐅㞞䯵 ⦁㷒㺅⸶㷅㺝㥝䯙㱭䰦䵅㶡㜭䯝〭ㄩ

ヵ䁁㱮㞲㷵㻵㸭䯝⥥ ⲑ䯝䁁㱮㞲㶡⒱㞲 ⍶⩚䌵㞲

⧹あ䮅⻝㺞䤹㷙䳝㴪㱑 ⊁䓙⊁ 㸉⒱⿽ ㊕⸁⥥

⍽ 㺒⑽㞲㷁㝂䲹⎁⍅㱑㸉㶽ヱ ⍶⊅㷙㱱㠎㺅䳙䩭

㷵㝂㷙㐅㞞 ⌱⍽⿽ 䠶䯵㾒㴕⩅㱑 ⮱ⷽ ㊱㱵㊐㺖

䯩㝂㝞 ⭲㷙 ⎁⍅⻝㷹㥞⪙⍡ ⩚㥝㱑㜭⸍ 㜭㷵㷙 ⎁

〭䯙⍡ ⊂ ⍶⊅⍽ 䤺㞲㱑 ⎁䯵㞥ㄆ㷅䁅䰊䯙㲁⥥ 㴱

⍅⿽ 䎊䁅䯝⥥ 㷵⹭䯝䤺㞲㱑 ⦁㷒⪙⤕ ⌄㷵㍵䰊 ⍶

㞡 ⍶⊅ 㐁㐅㱑㞝 ⊁㸦㾒㴕䯝 ⌄㷁㍵䰊 ⍶⊅ ߌ ⍽ ⌾

⊅ ⌾⍅ ⍶⊅ 㝞䝝⍶⊅㷵⥥

⍅ ⍶⊅ ߍ 㷹⧱ 䵅䠶㷙 ⩆䤺䯝 ⍶⊅⏭㻱⻝㷹䯵 ⍶⊅

⥥㷍㷁㱱⍅㞲 - ⍽ ⏑⿙㞲 / 㷵⥥ ⫑ ⊁䁁䊩㵑㶽⻝

㱑㞝㍶⩅ 䠶⻝⊁ 㱱⌱⪙㰵㱭⹭ ⍶⊅㷅䲖㞲䯙⒱ ⯍

㐅⿙⪙⤕ 㷵㶡⤕ 㱱⍅㳁 ⏑⿙⊁ 䎊䁅⪙㰵㯽き ⍶㝞㷙

ㆹ㱑㍵䰊⍶⊅㷁䕥㈥⥉䥱 ⍶⊅㱑㞝䯅㢙㺂㷵ヱ㾒㴕

㷙㉹⿽ 䎊䁅䯡㢙㸉⒱ ⯍ㆹ㷵⥥

䯝 ⏑䠶 ⍶⊅ 㷵㸑㝞䳝䌵䱙㷙㷽㐁㷵⒱⩅ 䯙㲁⥥ ㊙

ぉ䁁お㶽⻝䳖㸦㞲 , 㷵⥥ 䳖㸦㞲㷁 ⍶⊅㱑䁁㠎㷵

ヵ ⌾⍅ ⍶⊅㷁㓉 ⍶⊅㶽⻝ ⍶⊅⍽ ⍶⊅㷵き✙⤕ ⍴

⊁⤦䯙⋱✙ 㱱㸦㷵 ⊁⤦䯵㸦䓙⿽ 䐕⊁䯙㱭 ⍶⊅㷅 ➔

㶽⻝㷵 ⲑ䯝䵅䠶䕥㈥⥉䥱㷙 ⩆䤺䯝 ⍶⊅ ⏭㞲㷵⥥

三⋱✙ ⛋㰵䁅 ⍶⊅㷅㱱⌱䯡㢙㸉⤕ ⌄㷅け䯙⤕⧱

䵅䠶䕥㈥⥉䥱㱑㞝 ⌾⍅ ⍶⊅㷙㷵㴪⩅⤕ 㷽㊙䕥㈥⥉

㲉⿽ ⭥ヵ㜭⻁ ⍽ ⊚⥥ ⑹⸙㞝㷽㊙䕥㈥⥉䥱 ⍶⊅㱑

䥱㍵⥥ ⠓㯅 ⌾⍅ ⍶⊅㷙 ⮕㸑㷹㷁䵅䠶䕥㈥⥉䥱㷙 ⩆

⤕ 㷵⹱ 䤺㞲㷵㱇⥥

䤺䯝㸒㷁 ⍶⊅㷅䲖㞲䯙⤕ ⧱ ⩅㵁㷵 ⪝⥥

㷵㝂㷙㐅㞞㱑 ⮱⿵ヵ䵅䠶䕥㈥⥉䥱㷙 ⍶⊅⍽ 䤺㞲

⥥㷍㷁㝞䝝 ⍶⊅ ߏ 㷵⥥ 㝞䝝⍶⊅㷁㸑㱱㷅䩭䯩䯙

㷁㱱⍅⪙⍡ ⍶㝞䯙⤕ ⌄㷵⥥ ㌡㷵䁖䵅䠶㷁 ⥩䁁䯙

⤕ 㺑㶡ヵ㺂⍽ ⍶⍶ ⍶⊅ 䳝㴪㱑㺝㯾㷵㸉㰵〭ㄩ⧹あ

✙㷙 ⍡㶡䯝㽽⋱㊪㥞㷵㯅⥉ⷽ ㆹ䳕㷙㺅㤺㷵ヱ㷵⹭

䮅⻝㺞䤹㱑㞝㥥䲅⪙⒱⊁ 㰵⺶⥥ 㓅⻞㥥䲅㷁㰵⺶䁁

䯝㽽⋱㊪㥞⍽ ㆹ䳕⿽ ㍵㻵䯙⤕ ⌄㷁䯅㢙㺂㷵⥥ ⑹⹭

き㸑㱱⍽ 㜷㷙㶶䯪㷁 ‫ޙ‬⍶㝞‫ ޚ‬㊝㺅㱑㸉㰵䯅㢙㺂㷵⥥

㉁⻝㷵㝂㷙 ✵㴪㷅䠶䯵 ⍶㝞䕥㈥⥉䥱 ⍶⊅ ⮕㸑㷹

⑹⸙㞝㜭⻁⿽ 䠶䯵㍽㢙㸉⤕ 㷽㐁 ⍶⊅㱑㞝㝞䝝⍶

㱑㞝㍹㱱⏭㷙㜭⻁㐅㞞 ⌱⍽㳁 ⌱⻡㱑㞝㞝㢡䯝 ✵

⊅㷵 ⥥⿹ ⍶⊅⍽ ⏑䊩䯙㱭㷵㴪⪙⍡ 㸉⤕⧱ 㷵⹭䯝

㴪㷅䊹⍡⻝ ⩅㥝㷙 ‫ޙ‬⍶㝞‫ ޚ‬㊝㺅㷵㥥䲅⪙⒱⿽ ䷭ぞ䯝

㝂䳪⩅ 㱮㥝㱭⹭ ⍶⊅㷙 ⍶㝞㷅㍵㱭㾁⥥

⥥ ⲑ䯝䰦䵅㱱⏭㱑㞝⤕ ⍶㝞䕥㈥⥉䥱 ⍶⊅㷅䳝㴪

⥥㷍㷁䨹㷙 ⍶⊅ ߎ 㷵⥥ ㌡㷵䁖䵅䠶䕥㈥⥉䥱㳁

䯝䁁㱮 ⋱㽽㸑⿽ 㾒㥭㶽⻝䯝 ⩅㥝 ⍶㝞䕥㈥⥉䥱 ⍶

⊚㷁䕥㈥⥉䥱 ⍶⊅㱑䨹㷙 ⍶⊅㷁䯅㢙㺂㷵䁁⤕ 㯋⥥

⊅㷙 ⮕㸑㷹㊝㺅㊪䰦㱑 ⦁䯵㥭⩅ 㸉⤕ 㱱⏭⿽ 䁅䰊

⊂ 䕥㈥⥉䥱⤕ 㽽⋱⿽ 㶅㽽⻝䯙⍡ 䕥㈥⥉䥱㳁䕥㈥⥉

䯡 ⍅䴎㷵⥥

ᦥ᜽ᦥॵᯱᯙ ᦥ⋕ᯕቭ

153

⩈㥠 ⍹㝡㷜䕨㈨⥌䥴 ⍹⊈⮘㸔㷼㜰⻄㱴⏰ ㌤㷸䁙䵈䠹 ᬂപ 䕨㈨⥌䥴㾕㥰㷀⻠

䊼 ⍤ ㆼ 䱐 ? A ぉ㝥㲥㽽 ‫ޛ‬⍶㝞㷵⟑‫ޜ‬㷙㺝㥝㳁 ⊝⟑ ⌾㺝㱱⏭䁁⩅ 䁁 :SP 㾒⏮

? A LXXT JK[ FIMNMRK KSZ GR ? A [[[ ^LYPSRK GSQ [[[ KSSSSH GR ? A 㜭⻁㜭䁅䐝䌙 LXXT [[[ EVGLWXYHMS GR LXX TW [[[ KSSSSH GR

? A Ⓛ㢙䌡 ‫ޛ‬⍶㝞⍽ 䝁㸑䎉⏮⊁ 㷵㽽㥝⦁㱑 ⩅㥝 ⍶⊅ 㷵⻡㱑 ⎁䯝㸭⍡䊱 ‫ ޜ‬䯝㰒⦁䯚⏑ 䩊䳕㱱⏭㠍 :SP 2S TT ? A 䲹㢙② ⍶㝞㶽⻝ ✙㯅⊁⥥ 㝂䯵ㆹ䳕䐝䦑㜭㾒 ⏮ ? A Ⓛ⌾䷭ ‫ޛ‬㷽㍹ ⥥ㆹ䳕 ⍶㝞㷵⟑㷙 ⟽〭㳁㝂㝞㶽⻝㷙㺅䳙 ‫⦁⏮⥩ ޜ‬䯚⏑ 㷽㍹㱱⏭㠍 :SP ? A Ⓛ⌾䷭ ‫ޛ‬㸑㱱⍽㷙 ⍶㝞㷅䠶䯝㷹ㆹ ⍶⊅ ⏭㝂 ‫ ޜ‬䯝⏮

㺄㸔㠐 ⊠

㵩㷵㷵〱 =M 0MR ;IM 㺖䴍㵑  ⟅ 㵕 ࠂ 䲅㸭 ⩚㞝⦁䯚⏑ ⦁䯚㵑䳙⌾⮕㸑㷹䯚⍽ ㊖㜭⍽㺖

䱥㞹䯚䴍 :SP TT ? A 䏝㍒⫑ ‫ޛ‬㷽㍹‫⥥ ޙ‬ㆹ䳕 ⍶㝞‫ ޚ‬㺖䋆⍽ 䁁㱮㜭䴍㷙䁁㵑䳝⩚ ‫⏮ ޜ‬䠡䁁〭䯚䴍㺝 ⎁ 㺝䲹 TT ? A 䏝㷹㢙㺅⦁㴲 ‫ޛ‬䁁㱮⍶⩚䌵䳝㞲䳕⿽ 㶅䯝㞡䁅䲖䰊

㸭㺖㺂䁁㵑䌵⍅ 㱱⏭ ‫ ޜ‬䯝⏮䁁㊪䰊㺖㱱⏭㵑㱱⏭㍵ ⍡㞝 :SP T ? A 㷵㝂䷭ 䕥㈥⥉䥱 ⍶⊅㷙䤺㞲㷅㾒㥭㶽⻝䯝䲒⩚ 㻱

䯪䲖 ⍶⩚㽽䝞㱑 ⎁䯝㱱⏭ 㺅✩⦁䯚⏑⦁䯚㵑 ⋵䐖⍶ 䯚⍽ 㞞㜭䯚㶅⟽ㆹ T ? A 㺖㢙㱱 ‫ޛ‬㽽㉽㾒㥭㺂䕥㈥⥉䥱 ⍶⊅㶽⻝㷙䁒䯪㽽⋱⥩ 䁁㳹㐁 ⍶⊅ 䳝㴪㊪䰦㱑 ⎁䯝㱱⏭ ‫ ޜ‬䯝⏮⍶⊅⮕㸑㷹䯚䴍㺝 ␍ 㺝䲹 TT

⎁㥭㐅㯽" 䳙⌾⮕㸑㷹 ⍶⊅⮕㸑㷹

䳎 ⎁ 㞡 /[ER 7ISR ,SRK ccccc cccccccc 㺖䴍㵑  ⟅ ⏮㉽⦁䯚⏑ ⋵䐖䯚⍽ 䯚㜭  ⟅ ⏮㉽⦁䯚⏑ ⋵䐖䯚⍽ 㞞㜭  ⟅ ⏮㉽⦁䯚⏑ ⋵䐖䯚⍽ ㊖㜭  ⟅ ࠂ 䲅㸭 ⩚㞝⦁䯚⏑ ⮕㸑㷹䯚㐁䳙⌾⮕㸑㷹㺅⍶ ⏑㢙

? A 㶥㢙㱱 ⍶㶡㽽䝞㷙䕥㈥⥉䥱䤺㞲㱑 ⎁䯝㱱⏭ 㞝㴹⦁䯚⏑ ⦁䯚⎁ ⋵䐖䯚⍽ 㞞㜭䯚㶅⟽ㆹ TT ? A Ⓛ䌡㾒 ‫ޛ‬ぉ㷅 ⍶⩚䌵䳝㞲䳕⿽ 㶅䯝㠍⑝ㄩ䕥㈥⥉ 䥱 ⍶⊅ ⮕㸑㷹 ‫ ޜ‬䯝⏮⍶⊅⮕㸑㷹䯚䴍⟽ㆹ䁒㺝 ␍ 㺝䲹 TT ? A 㳖㻱䝂㺖㉹㞡 ‫ޛ‬㾒⏮ 㺅䠶㉽⊁㳁䯝⏮ 㯅䦍䤹 ⍶⍶ ⍶⊅㷙䕥㈥⥉䥱㓅⏑㳁㶶䯪 ‫ ޜ‬䯝⏮⍽䯚㲉㢡㶶䯪䯚䴍 :SP 2S TT ? A 〭㶅䙥䵅䠶‫ޙ‬⍶㝞㵑‫ ޚ‬ㄩ⧹ 䐕䁅㌡㷵䁖䰦㢙㳁 ㆹて

㐚㸢⒱ 㾒⏮ 㥡⌾㍵ ? A 㳖䯙㷵㲍㌡㷵䁖 ⍶㝞㵑䵅䠶㱑㻱㴪䯝㍁䳕⿽ き

⭥⥥ ㌡㷵䁖㷽㍵ ? A 㷵㲦⍥ ⦁䱍㲉㶅㊱⌁㓅⩚ 㞝㞲⏭ ⊝㷙䵅䠶 ‫ޙ‬⍶

㝞㵑‫ ޚ‬㥥㥝㾒⏮㷽㍵ LXXTW GR GLMREHEMP] GSQ GR ? A 㴱㱭㝂㊙䁁ぞ䵅䠶 ‫ޙ‬⍶㝞㵑‫ ޚ‬㥡 ⏭㉽㷙䳕䯪㴱

〭䁒㷅䯩╙ 㜭⸒䯙⍡ 㯅✁⥥ ㌡㷵䁖き㍵ LXXTW RI[W FNH GSQ GR

154

⎁㥭㐅㯽" ⍶⊅㺖㍵㐅㞞 ⩅㥝㸭㝞 '48)(

"TJB %FTJHO "SDIJWF ⦺֥ࠥ ⦺ʑ ࠺ᕽ‫⦺ݡ‬Ʊ ᯝၹ‫⦺ݡ‬ᬱ ॵᯱᯙ⦺ŝ

⦺ᚁḡ íᰍ‫ྙם‬ ⦽ǎŖeॵᯱᯙ⦺⫭ ⦽ǎŖeॵᯱᯙ⦺⫭ḡ ǭ

Õ⇶ྜྷ ❭ᔍऽᨱ ᯩᨕ ᙹḢ‫ॵ ⪵ך‬ᯱᯙ ᮁ⩶ᨱ š⦽ ᩑǍ

ᰆᩝ ᧲ᖒᬊ Ʊᝁᱡᯱ ࠺ᕽ‫⦺ݡ‬Ʊ ᯝၹ‫⦺ݡ‬ᬱ ॵᯱᯙ⦺ŝ

! " #

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4 , 9 . . ! . " 8 5 8 , "

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¡¢[ki ~R n

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4 , no T e Vñ T e ®^ T e ^ï K@L Ý¬ 8 5 8 , " ß ä v 2;1<Đl DECFB õ^ F ä $no _ T e ®^_ K@L Ý¬ ùh XV' ðö XV h ä đ

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7DEOH ! 5HVXOW RI 3DWK $QDO\VLV ఔឳcXeG w| G ◫⃣ᇫG ⤗⃤❘G ☀G ⚯ጛ┧G ⤘❨❘⛏G ╘㓼⚛G ⡗ሻU 㕛G ᱋♷G ❳㏟⚯G ጰ⛓G ᧿ዏ⚯G ጰ⟜G ❳㏟⚯G w| G ◫⃣ ⤗⃤❘G ☀G ⚯ጛ ⤗⃤❘G ☀G ⚯ጛ ⤗⃤❘G ☀G ⚯ጛ ᤣ⟈₈ WUX_^ WUY\\ T 㗿♿₈ WUZX_ T WUZW` ⟇⛨G ୛㌏₈ T T WUX`[ ☀G ㌏⚯₈ WUX^Z T T ⒟❛₈ T T WUYZ] ᵣᛳᐳG ∷᠇₈ T WUZ__ WUYW_ ೃ᤻G ఔ❳₈ T WUX_[ T ☀G ఔ❳₈ T WUXY[ T ఔឳcYeG w| G ◫⃣ᇫG ⡨୳ᰗⅯ⛏G ఔ㔯G ᤣ⟈ጛG ᰗ㖫ᣓG ㄌ㓋G ⤗⃤❘G ☀G ⚯ጛ┧G ୛❨❘⛏G ╘㓼⚛G ⡗ሻU 㕛G ᱋♷G ❳㏟⚯G ጰ⛓G ᧿ዏ⚯G ጰ⟜G ❳㏟⚯G w| G ◫⃣ ఔ㔯G ᤣ⟈ጛG ᰗ㖫 ⤗⃤❘G ☀G ⚯ጛ ⤗⃤❘G ☀G ⚯ጛ ⤗⃤❘G ☀G ⚯ጛ ᤣ⟈₈ WUX^[ ඇᇼ₈ WUYZY ఔ㔯G ᱋౗₈ WUY]Z ᤣ⟈ጛG WU[^` WUX^` WUYZZ ♛‴G ♷⤗₈ WUX[[ ᰗ㖫 ೃ᤻G ఔ❳₈ WUX_W ☀G ఔ❳₈ WUX^`

㿎㪶㪁㪚 ☀⛧G⟇ ▗G⁻᪏G⟇ ᣓGேⰧGఔ㔯Gᤣ⟈ጛGᰗ㖫┧G╘㓼⚛G⡛GⅯG⛟ᇫGw| G◫⃣ᣓG〧ೃ㒯╃G ⤗⃤❘G ☀G⚯ጛ┧G╘㓼⚛G⡓ᇫGw| G◫⃣▗G╘㓼GఔឳᣓGⳫ❬㒯╗ሻUG㎳cX[e▗G୰⚗G⟇ G ᳛⁴ఇ౓ᣓGヷ቗ឳG❳㏟G⤗⃤ ☀₈⚗Gw| G◫⃣G��ᤣ⟈₈SGඇᇼ₈SG㗿♿₈SG⟇⛨G୛㌏₈SG ☀G ㌏⚯₈SG᱋౗₈SG♛‴G♷⤗₈SG⒟❛₈SGᵣᛳᐳG∷᠇₈SGೃ᤻Gఔ❳₈SG ☀Gఔ❳₈��┧G╘㓼⚛G᭲ᇫ ሻᇫG௚⚛G⒣GⅯG⛟┟ሻUG⛋┧GᒇᛓGᱏG╇ೃᇫG㓋ቐG❳㏟G୳᭳⚛G♛㒳G∳ ❧⚛Gሻ⚣౓G୰⛋G ❳┏㒳ሻU Ⰲ⥏SG ��㕛G ᱋♷G ❳㏟⚯G ⤗⃤ ☀₈��⚛G ჩ⛋᝻᧋G ❳㏟G ఔ㔯⚯G ᤣ⟈₈SG 㗿♿₈SG

☀G ㌏⚯₈⚛G

ⲳ❘㖫㒯╃ⓓG㒳ሻUGೃⰋ❘⚓ឳGXPG∳୘❘G⛧൐᱋ሻᇫG❳㏟⛋G㌏⒟㒳G୧୘❘Gఔ㔯⚛G❳ౌ㓋ⓓG 㒯షG୧୘❘⚓ឳG࿯ᾳGᇧ࿣⚛G♷᭳㒯ᇫG◫⃣ᣓGⲳ⃣㖫㒯ጛ឴Gᑫ⛧⛏㒯╃ⓓG㒳ሻUG⛏ょᵇGቌᰗG ဋ☀⚯G

ភ┧Gᒇᣋ᧋SGᤣ⟈₈⛋Gჩ⚗G❛ጰⷂ⃫⚗G��⃧⛸⛋ୗG㌏⒟㒳G⤟୧��SG��ⷂ⃫᧿ୗG᳗ᐳᝃ

☗��SG��⛨ጰ㒷GᒣG⃣ᤃୗGഗ┧Gே∃ᤃ⤗G⒡⚣��Gᑈ⚯G㈐⤬⚛G᱋╗ሻUGYPG ☀G㗿♿₈⛋Gჩ⚗G❳㏟ ⚗G ☀⛧⚯G❳㏟G ☀Gᨀ❘⚛Gᶷᣋ௣Gቃ₈㒯ᇫG዇Gጛ☗⛋G፳ሻUGᒇᛓ⁳G❛ጰⷂ⃫⚯G ☀G㗿♿ ₈⚛G㓼‘∳⿻ඇG♛㓋Gೃ୬⚯G୘G᳗♛ᣓGⰄఇ㒯௣G㒯ᇫGೃ⟇ᣓGᑫ⛧⛏㒯╃ⓓG㒳ሻUG⛏ょᵇGቌᰗG ဋ☀౓G ☀⛧G㓠ጰ౗⮇Gఇ౓┧Gᒇᣋ᧋SG ☀⛧ᇫGⓨ⶯⤟⚛G㒷GᒣGⓨ⶯⤟G∳୛౓G㗿♿⚛G㉣⒜㒯 ඇG ♛㓋G ❛ጰⷂ⃫⚯G 〗⛋᭤G ⒣ᤓG ඇᇼ┧G ⚯⟋㒳ሻUG ㈐㛟G ᤥ⚗G

☀⛧ᇫG ⓨ⶯⤟㒷G ᒣG ᐳᛓ᤟G

㫠䅤䂔䌎䋢㿎㪶㫅䌓䉁㫅䌓

180

ᑈGጰ╘‘G∳Ⰴ┧ጛG⤨⡨㒯షG⛋ᣓGሽᇫሻUGᒇᛓ⁳GᱏG╇ೃᇫG㗿♿❘⛏Gೃ୬Ⰴఇ⚛G♷ጛ㒯ᇫG ⛏ょᛰ₯Gᑫ⛧⛏⛋G㒛◫㒯ሻషG❳┏㒳ሻUGZPG⛏Ⰻౌ㒰GᑈG᪓ᤃ❘Gೃ⟇┧GᤵᇫG⁻ఛ࿯G✃ᠣ⚯G ❘☀⚛G ㄌ㓋G ❳㏟G

☀┧G ቗㒳G ∷Ⰻ❘G ᳗ቋ⚛G ⲳ⃣㖫㓋ⓓG 㒳ሻU

Ꭿ⥏SG��ጰ⛓G᧿ዏ⚯G⤗⃤ ☀₈��⚛Gჩ⛋᝻᧋G❳㏟Gఔ㔯⚯Gᤣ⟈₈SGᵣᛳᐳG∷᠇₈SGೃ᤻Gఔ❳₈౓G ☀G ఔ❳₈⚛G 㓼‘㒯╃ⓓG 㒳ሻUG XPG ᵣᛳᐳG ∷᠇ጛᣓG ჩ⛋᝻᧋G ❳㏟┧G ቗㒳G ㌠㉧⚛G ჩ⛋షG ❳㏟G❳⟇ ୗG⒵⁷Gඇⅷ౓G❛᪏₈⚛G୭ⴇⓓG㒳ሻUGYPG❳㏟G୳᭳G∳G❳㏟⚯Gୗ₈ᶛᣓGష᝻㓋ⓓG 㒳ሻUGZPG❳㏟G

☀┧G౓ጛ㒳GⳫୗ❘⛏Gఔ❳❘G᳗ቋO╟SG❛ጰⷂ⃫Gⷂ⃫G㔻ᐳ⚯GಧⰋGᶛ☀P⚛G

୧⃣∳⿻ጛ឴G 㒯╃ⓓG 㒳ሻU ₢⥏SG��ጰ⟜G❳㏟⚯G⤗⃤ ☀₈��⚛Gჩ⛋᝻᧋G❳㏟Gఔ㔯⚯G㗿♿₈SG⟇⛨G୛㌏₈SG⒟❛₈SGᵣᛳᐳG ∷᠇₈⚛G㓼‘㒯╃ⓓG㒳ሻUG㎳c_eGఔ㔯Gᤣ⟈ጛୗG㒯ᛔ㒳Gೇ⤨⚛G㌋᱋᧋G ☀⛧⚯GⱟඇGఔ㔯G ᤣ⟈ጛG㒯ᛔ⚗G⒟❛₈౓G⟇⛨G୛㌏₈⛋Gစ⚣┧G╘㓼⚛G᭲ᇫGୗᇼ₈⛋GჩሻUGXPG⟇⛨G୛㌏₈⚛G ჩ⛋ඇG♛㓋⁳ᇫG❳㏟G⟇⛨G⛏ょ㋯⛋⇻ୗG୛ఇ㒯షSG∴ᰛ㒯ඇୗG⇃☣ⓓG㒯ᧇG⟇⛨G❟⭿ୗGⲳ⃣ 㖫㒯ᇫGೃ⟇⛋┋ⓓG㒳ሻUGYPG❳㏟G୳᭳G∳G ☀G⡨G ☀⛧⚯G᳟⒟୧⛋࿯SG⛼ඇ❘G ☀G㘛G ☀⛧ ⚯Gோ୬┧G㒓㓋ᣓG࿓⶯⤗G⒡ᇫ⤗ᣓGష᝻㓋ⓓG㒳ሻUG⛏ょᵇGቌᰗGဋ☀⚯G ភᣓG᱋᧋SG❛ጰⷂ⃫ ⚛G⯯⚣G ☀㓟⚛Gᒣ࿯G❛ጰⷂ⃫⚛G╻ᛯG ☀㓟⚛GᒣG⶯⒛ୗG᳟㌏㒯ሻషG㒯ᇫG㌠ୗୗG ☀⛧G ⟇ ┧⁳G ࿯〗࿯షG ⛟┟ሻU ᕧ㒳SGᱏG╇ೃG౓❬⚛Gㄌ㓋Gw| G◫⃣ᇫG⤗⃤❘G ☀G⚯ጛ┧G⤘❨❘⛏G╘㓼⚛G⡛GἧᤣG⒛ሟᛓG ᤣ⟈ጛGᰗ㖫ᣓGㄌ㓋G୛❨❘⚓ឳG⤗⃤❘G ☀G⚯ጛ┧G╘㓼⚛G⡗ሻᇫG௚⚛G⒣௣G፯┟ሻUG⣠w| G ◫⃣G��ᤣ⟈₈SGඇᇼ₈SG᱋౗₈SG♛‴G♷⤗₈SGೃ᤻Gఔ❳₈౓G ☀Gఔ❳₈��⚛G㓼‘㒿⚓ឳ⊿Gఔ㔯G ᤣ⟈ጛᣓG ჩ╃G ❳㏟⚯G ⤗⃤ ☀₈⚛G ჩ╃⡗ሻUG ඇᇼ₈SG ᱋౗₈G ᭦G ♛‴G ♷⤗₈G 㓼‘G ᮀ⒟⚗G XPG❳㏟⚗Gሻⓨ㒳G ☀G◫ೃ▗Gᨀ❘⚛Gᤣ⟈∳〃Gᤣ⿓G▛ᶛ㒳Gඇᇼ౓G⟇❟G᧿ᐳᣓG❳ౌ㒯╃ⓓG 㒳ሻUG❛ጰⷂ⃫⯯ᝓGᮇょᤃୗG⛟ᇫG❳㏟⚗G⤗⃤G ☀G∳୛⛋Gⴀ᳛㓋ⓓG㒳ሻUGYPG❳㏟⚗Gᶛ ☀G ‘〳G∳G⒟❬፯௣Gც⛋షG╃㓠G∳G㚋቗₈⛋G㌏ᤃ㒳Gೃ⟇ឳGᑫ⛧⛏፯┋ⓓG㒳ሻUGZP㎳cXXe┧G ᒇᛓGሻᣏGw| G◫⃣ᣓGᶛಧ㒯᧋G

☀⛧ୗG♛‴G♷⤗₈┧G቗㒳G㌠ୗᣓGჩ⤗G⒡ሻᇫG௚⚛G᱓G

ⅯG⛟ሻUG⛋᪓⛋G≪⛋࿯G₏ഷ⛋G‴ඇᇫGୗᇼ₈⚛Gⲳ⃣㖫㒯షGⰄఇG౗ᤃୗG㌏ᤃ㒳G❳㏟Gೃ⟇ឳG ᑫ⛧⛏፯┋ⓓG 㒳ሻU ⛋ᝃ㒳G∳ ❧⚗G㓼㘛G౗᝿G❳㏟G୳᭳G∳G��⛼ඇ❘⛏G ☀⛧Gఔ㔯G㓼‘┧Gඇ╃㒷GⅯG⛟ᇫGᑫ⛧⛏G ᮀ㓼��⚛G❳ౌ㒷G௚⛋ᧇSG∳⛼┧⁳G⤗⃤ୗᇼ㒳GៈGᛓ⛋㑛G❳㏟⚛G୳᭳㒯ᇫ዇Gጛ☗⚛G⡛G௚⚓ឳG ඇ቗㒳ሻU

㪁㴂 ᱏG╇ೃᇫG❛ጰⷂ⃫⚛G╇ೃ቗‘⚓ឳG㒯╃G ☀⛧G⟇ ┧⁳Gጛⳳ፳G❳㏟Gఔ㔯G╘㓼G◫⃣⛏Gw| G ◫⃣ᣓGඇ᭯⚓ឳG┋ᓻGw| G◫⃣ୗG❳㏟G⤗⃤ ☀₈┧G᭏⶯ᇫ⤗┧G቗㒳G⛏౓౗ఛᣓGⳫ❬㓋᱋ ష⛧G㒯╗ሻUG⛋ᝇG⛏౓౗ఛᣓGⳫ❬㒯ඇG♛㓋GᱏG╇ೃᇫG ☀⛧G⟇ ▗G⁻᪏G⟇ ᣓG⤛㓠㒯╃G ♛G [UZ❟౓G ୰⛋G ╇ೃఇ౓ᣓG ❳∳㒯╗ሻU ⛋ᝃ㒳G╇ೃఇ౓┧G⚯㒯᧋G��㕛G᱋♷G❳㏟⚯G⤗⃤ ☀₈��⚗Gw| G◫⃣G��ᤣ⟈₈SG㗿♿₈౓G ☀G ㌏⚯₈��┧G⿇G╘㓼⚛G᭲షG⛟⚓ᧇSG��ጰ⛓G᧿ዏ⚯G⤗⃤ ☀₈��⚗Gw| G◫⃣G��ᤣ⟈₈SGᵣᛳᐳG∷᠇ ₈SGೃ᤻Gఔ❳₈౓G ☀Gఔ❳₈��┧G⿇G╘㓼⚛G᭲షG⛟⚓ᧇSG��ጰ⟜G❳㏟⚯G⤗⃤ ☀₈��⚗G��㗿♿₈SG ⟇⛨G୛㌏₈SG⒟❛₈SGᵣᛳᐳG∷᠇₈��┧G╘㓼⚛G᭲ᇫሻUGᕧ㒳SGw| G◫⃣G��ᤣ⟈₈SGඇᇼ₈SG᱋౗ ₈SG♛‴G♷⤗₈SGೃ᤻Gఔ❳₈౓G

☀Gఔ❳₈��⚗Gఔ㔯Gᤣ⟈ጛG‘∐GᕧᇫG㒯ᛔ┧G╘㓼⚛G⡓┋G

❳㏟G ⤗⃤ ☀₈┧G ୛❨❘⚓ឳG ╘㓼⚛G ⡗ሻU ∳⛼Gఔ✘⛋GୟⅯ឴G⶯╋㓋⤗ᇫG‘㗀┧⁳SGᱏG╇ೃᇫG ☀⛧⚯G❳㏟G ☀Gఔ㔯G㓼‘౓G❳㏟⚯G ☀⛧Gⴀ₈ጛᣓGჩ⛋ඇG♛㒳Gᮀ⒟⛋G፷GⅯG⛟ඇ┧G⛋ិ❘Gୗ⶯▗G∻᪋❘Gୗ⶯ᣓG⤗ሣሻUG⛋ិ ❘G౗❧┧⁳GᱏG╇ೃᇫGw| G◫⃣▗G❳㏟⚯G⤗⃤ ☀₈G ⛋⚯G╇౗₈⚛G᳛⁴㒯ᇫG௚┧G൏⶯⤗G ⒡షSG❳㏟⚯G⤗⃤ ☀₈┧G╘㓼G◫⛏⚛G᭳ೋ㒯ᇫG㒯࿯⚯G╇ೃᮀᯬ⚛G❳∳㒯╗ሻU윯G╇ೃᮀᯬ⚯G 〗ቐ₈⚛G㓼‘∳⿻ඇG♛㒯╃G

☀⛧G⛏ょᵇG⟇ ▗G⁻᪏G⟇ ᣓG㒿ฯG∻∳㒯╗ሻUG⛋ᇫG㓼㘛G

ᦥ᜽ᦥॵᯱᯙ ᦥ⋕ᯕቭ

181

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Re-designing Chinese Traditional Board Game, ‘Dou Shou Qi’ Huang, Zile *a; Chang, Juyoung*b a

Ph.D, Student Candidate, Design Major of Design, Dongseo University, Busan, South Korea Professor, Division of Design, Dongseo University, Busan, South Korea * jychang@gdsu.Dongseo.ac.kr b

This research analyses the characteristics of the traditional Chinese board game, Dou Shou Qi, to examine its cultural connotation and the limitations of its development in the modern market. It cultural connotations, which are"natural society" and "live together harmoniously". It has developed a wealth of game forms during many dynasties but has been lost due to improper inheritance. Dou Shou Qi mainly has two game forms on the market at present, board games and video games. However, the traditional Dou Shou Qi is facing the crisis of being eliminated by the market since the modern game market is fiercely competitive and the speed of updates are fast. In order to enable Dou Shou Qi to be inherited by future generations, this research was designed to develop a deep understanding of modern children's needs for Dou Shou Qi through interviews and observation focused on early childhood children. On this basis, through the analysis and discussion of the research results, a directional proposal for the redesign of Dou Shou Qi is suggested. It includes the following three aspects. The first aspect is to redesign the game in order to enhance the game’s function of assisting in early childhood education. The second aspect is to integrate the functional characteristics of the traditional game mode of Dou Shou Qi with existing game methods, to cultivate children's creative ability through traditional culture. The third aspect is to diversify the game form of Dou Shou Qi by adding more elements of transformable and mobility. Keywords: redesign; Chinese traditional games; board games; Dou shou qi; traditional culture.

Introduction

Dou Shou Qi, also known as Animal chess, is a traditional chessboard game. As an important part of Chinese culture, it originates from about 4,000 years ago. The game conveys the principle of “Xiang Sheng Xiang Ke” (Pu & Sun 1984) which carries the simple dialectical materialism of the ancient Chinese (taken from Philosophy Society). However, due to the perceived common nature of the game, not many people are intrigued enough to try Dou Shou Qi.In addition, because of a lack of Appropriate copyright/license statement will be pasted here later when the publication contract is ready. This text field should be large enough to hold the appropriate release statement.

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attention and research, its development is currently stagnant. Dou Shou Qi is facing a lack of new gamer groups and an aging group of current players. Moreover, with the emergence of a large number of new games in the market, the market for Dou Shou Qi has declined significantly and has disappeared. This study, therefore, analyses the conditions that would be necessary for the survival of Dou Shou Qi, with a focus on early childhood children, and proposes a modern redesign of the game to bring it back into society. The study refers to and integrates related materials of Dou Shou Qi in the way of the literature search to analyse its functional and historical and cultural characteristics. By interviewing and observing, the study is conducted to understand children’s perceptions and preferences of Dou Shou Qi and to analyse children’s play behaviour and psychological characteristics in order to find out the children’s needs to the redesign of Dou Shou Qi. We hope that Dou Shou Qi will be presented in an innovative, and fun way in the future so that traditional culture can be inherited.

2 2.1

Theoretical background Overview of Dou Shou Qi

Dou Shou Qi is a strategy board game (Zhang 2019), which originates from the natural ecosystem. It explains natural phenomena through natural occurrences, which is a dialectical materialist idea of the ancient Chinese and has a strong cultural and entertainment value. In natural society, the larger the animal, the stronger animal can attack the weaker animal. But at the same time, the stronger animals can survive when they depend on the weaker animal. There are competitions not only in animals but also in nature and those that can adapt to nature will survive. Animals can form a biological chain. Dou Shou Qi is played in the form of “mutual life-saving” where the animal chess pawns are “Xiang Sheng Xiang Ke”.

Figure 1. Inexpensive Dou Shou Qi product. Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jungle_(board_game)#/media/File:Dou_shou_qi_game.png

The rules of Dou Shou Qi are based on the characteristics of the animals. There are eight pawns on each side, and the order of the pawns is elephant, lion, tiger, leopard, wolf, dog, cat, and rat according to the animal strength, with the animal with strong strength being able to defeat the animal with lower strength. The similar ones are able to defeat each other, or “eat up” a pawn, and the rat is able to defeat the elephant. Inside the board are two small rivers with three bridges over them to cross. Aquatic animals and land animals are not allowed to eat each other. Lions and tigers can jump across the river. Only rats are allowed to go into the water, so they can block lions and 2 ᦥ᜽ᦥॵᯱᯙ ᦥ⋕ᯕቭ

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tigers from jumping over the river. There are traps that can be set to limit the compact power of the opponent. When an enemy pawn enters the trap, it loses compact power so that our pawns can eat the pawns of the opponent. There are two ways to win: One is that the party whose pawns reach the opponent’s den first wins, and the other is that the party who eats up all the opponent’s pawns wins (taken from Shou Dou Qi). Table 1 The style and characteristics of Dou Shou Qi. Gameboard Pawns (8 animals)

Relationship between animals

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jungle_(board_game)#/media/File:Dou_shou_qi_board.png & Author self-made.

Playing with the pawns in a way that simulates animals makes it easier for children to learn the rules of the game and enable them to engage in the game more quickly. Through games, children can understand that they have to adapt to the environment they live in. Because they should try to change themselves instead of changing the environment. Furthermore, children are supposed to become stronger to adapt to the environment and “live with it harmoniously”.

2.2

Ancient Dou Shou Qi

The ancient Dou Shou Qi, currently called Xiangning Animal Chess, emerged in the ancient period around 4,000 years ago (taken from Geography of Shanxi – Xiangning). However, now it has bordered on extinction and has been described as “the oldest living fossil of the traditional cultural game in China” by Hu Guoqiang of the National Palace Museum and has been approved as a provincial intangible cultural heritage by Shanxi Province (2009). The production cost could not be high because the ancient Chinese craftsmen lived in a traditional farming era when the economy was undeveloped. They made the crafts from locally sourced materials (Wang 2006). Various animal pawns wereade of stone or wood and gameboard are made in hand-painted or stone-carved square patterns. The gameboard is a visually flat product, laid out in typography with graphics and symbols. Although the pawns are simple geometric forms, the function is reflected in the graphics and symbols on the surface of the geometric forms. According to folklore records, the ancient Dou Shou Qi had various ways of playing the game, divided into two types, planar Dou Shou Qi and threedimensional Dou Shou Qi, depending on the characteristics of the animals and the way they prey. Three-dimensional Dou Shou Qi is distributed layer by layer according to the habitat of animals, while planar Dou Shou Qi is designed for land animals. This type of game setting is part of the uniqueness of Chinese game.

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Figure 2. Game rules of Ancient Dou Shou Qi. Source: https://kknews.cc/zh-sg/news/rb3kxor.html.

Dark Dou Shou Qi began to appear when Dou Shou Qi spread to the Tang Dynasty. Dark Dou Shou Qi is a game played in which the pawns are not disclosed. The game starts with all the pawns facing upwards, and neither player knows which animal the pawns represent. Both sides take turns to move the pawns, eventually eating up all of their opponent’s pawns to win. There are no traps in Dark Dou Shou Qi and it is played purely with the pawns (taken from Dark Dou Shou Qi). This method is full of possibilities interestingness. Blue and white porcelain pawns associated with the Dark Dou Shou Qi had appeared when it flourished during the Ming and Qing Dynasties (Li & Sun 2014). Unfortunately, there is no specific record of how many animal pawns there should be and how many playing ways there were. Although games have been popular with both adults and children since ancient times, they were usually more popular with children. Playing is the inherent nature of children, and children usually grow by playing games. This is why in later times Dou Shou Qi has become a game for children. To make it easier for children to learn and use, the rules of Dou Shou Qi have gradually simplified to the current fixed rules and the method of open pawns. In the future, for redesigning Dou Shou Qi, it is possible to try to recreate the ancient game method and integrate it with existing playing methods, based on the descriptions of the sources, to preserve the traditional way of playing and to make it more interesting.

2.3

Modern Dou Shou Qi

Throughout industrial revolutions, traditional Chinese games have been constantly innovating and updating. Currently two main forms of Dou Shou Qi exist, board games and video games. The board game versions of Dou Shou Qi on the current market are mainly made of wood, plastic, and paper. Most of them have little variation in terms of shape but the patterns and colours of pawns have been redesigned to adapt to the needs of modern children. However, market sales volume has gradually been decreasing. Dou Shou Qi’s video game products are mainly computer games and mobile games. The computer game ‘Beast Fighting Dou Shou Qi’, co-founded by programmer Ctbinzi and artist 2Fan (2012), is one of the most popular Dou Shou Qi platforms. In August 2012, the number of game official website visits exceeded 2 million. However,the rate of updating information on the website has decreased significantly since 2014. This was a period when smartphones were coming onto the scene and mobile games began to be popular which resulted in a steady loss of users of computer games.

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Figure 3. Beast Fighting Dou Shou Qi and Big Head Dou Shou Qi. Source: http://www.doushouqi.net/ & http://www.appchina.com/app/com.windigig.safarichess

‘Big Head Dou Shou Qi’ is the most downloaded Dou Shou Qi mobile game on Google Play (Windigig 2016). The main objective of this mobile game is to bring back the classic on the mobile platform using the popular style of the day, making more young players access this traditional board game that should not be forgotten. However, the reviews of the game are not as high as expected because there are only few levels, or too many advertisements. Because of these problems, there are not many players who continue to play despite the high download volume. Moreover, new games are constantly being developed in the mobile phone market and users’ needs are increasing. These changes caused the traditional and simple game “Big Head Dou Shou Qi”to fall out of the market.

2.4

Summary

In this chapter, it has been stated that Dou Shou Qi is the result of the observation of animals and natural society by the ancient Chinese. Dou Shou Qi conveys the four basic cultural connotations of "Xiang Sheng Xiang Ke", "natural society", "the substitution of things" and "live together harmoniously". Over various Chinese dynasties, Dou Shou Qi developed awealth of game forms, but many specific game forms have been lostto time. In modern society, the game has been simplified into an open and fixed form to make it easy for children to learn and spread. There are less types of game play available now than there were in the past. Cultural creativity and re-creation are the keys to the inheritance and development of traditional games. Therefore, a new gaming mode for Dou Shou Qi, video games, has appeared in the modern market. Video games are a good way of inheritance and provides opportunities for more young players to get involved. However, the video game market is fiercely competitive, and the speed of updating is fast. Dou Shou Qi with traditional and simple rules can easily be eliminated by the market. Moreover, the video game of Dou Shou Qi lacks physical contact for children, so they cannot feel the unique, tactile game characteristic of "the substitution of things". Video games can be completed by individuals without communication with others, so they cannot meet children's needs for communication skills and are not conducive to children's psychological development.

3 3.1

Child User Research Target user positioning

Dou Shou Qi in the past was a product of history and society. It not only reflects the values of the Chinese ancient people but also affects the growth of children, who pass down values from one generation to the next. The proposal for the redesign of Dou Shou Qi is based on a children’s usercentred design.

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Children from different eras also have different needs for play. Chinese children in a feudal agrarian society received less information and had a narrow range of activities. They received information mainly through reading texts, pictures, and oral narration from their parents. At the time, materials were scarce, and this game does not require a large amount of materials. As a result, traditional games have not declined for thousands of years in feudal agrarian societies. On the contrary, modern children, live in the age of information technology. They can receive information not only from books and pictures but also visually from several media types such as mobile phones and television, with audio and video information. They are not just satisfied with simple games. For this reason, the function of Dou Shou Qi cannot only be entertaining but needs to include more elements to meet the needs of children's individual development. According to the research, children’s dominant activities, intellectual level, and personalities are different during different periods of psychological development. Hereby, the developmental stages of children can be divided into four stages: infancy (0-1 year), early childhood (3-6/7 years), and childhood (6/7-11/12 years) (Lei 2009). The main focus of this paper is on children in the early years. The early childhood phase is a critical period for developing children’s interest in learning, logical thinking skills, learning mindset, learning habits, and sense of success. The psychological development of children at this stage is characterized by several features: (1) They no longer focus only on themselves but have the ability to communicate, cooperate and share with the outside world. (2) They lack sufficient communication and understanding skills and therefore consciously seek help from the outside world. (3) Though they pay attention to bright colours unconsciously, it is unsustainable. (4) As they become more hands-on and reflective, they begin to develop the ability to classify things in a general way and to explore the unknown. Therefore, this stage of development should meet children’s intellectual development and attention development needs, as well as their communication skills (Liang 2020). A survey of the user experience to understand their specific needs and an analysis of the information provided by the users will help to advance and guide the redesign of Dou Shou Qi and make the products more usable in practice.

3.2

Child User survey

3.2.1 Preference survey The survey section uses interview and observation methods with a sample of 10 Chinese child gameusers in early childhood. The study is children-centred, so child participation was regarded as important and children’s needs were respective. Firstly, child users are asked to take a preference measure based on the available Dou Shou Qi products. Six different styles of Dou Shou Qi are offered to choose from. The survey participant is then asked the reason for choosing Dou Shou Qi. Then, the playing process is observed. After explaining the rules of Dou Shou Qi to the children, two children of the same age were teamed to play. The behaviour and emotional changes of child users are observed and recorded during the game. Finally, interviews are conducted after the game to find out how the children would evaluate the rules, materials, and appearance of Dou Shou Qi. There are three people involved in the observation and research.One is a professional early childhood educator, who is responsible for guiding children to play and maintain the order of play. The other two are graduate students, including myself, who majored in design and are responsible for observing and recording. Table 2 Six forms of Dou Shou Qi product. Content Dou Shou Qi 6 ᦥ᜽ᦥॵᯱᯙ ᦥ⋕ᯕቭ

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A-shaped

B-shaped

C-shaped

D-shaped

E-shaped

F-shaped

Wooden gameboard; Wooden pawns.

Plastic gameboard; Magnet pawns; Drawer storage.

Foldable gameboard; Magnet pawns;

Paper gameboard; Animal form pawns.

Paper gameboard; Plastic pawns.

No gameboard; Cards.

¥20

¥22

¥10

¥5

Product style

Characteri stic

Chinese market ¥25 ¥18 price Source: Author self-photo taken.

Firstly, each of the six Dou Shou Qi products is given to ten children. They are supposed to choose a favourite style and state the reason why they choose it. The obtained results are following. Table 3 Product type selection results. Number of Selected product children users A-shaped

B-shaped

C-shaped

D-shaped 0 E-shaped 0 F-shaped 0 Source: Author self-made.

Reason of choice/ no choice Product looks good. Gameboard and Pawns are large. Easy to touch. Good texture. Pawns are small and lovely. The gameboard looks like a video game. The gameboard has drawers. The colour is beautiful. Like the texture and weight of magnets. Product looks good. The colour is beautiful. Easy to carry. Easy to use. Like the texture and weight of magnets. Paper gameboard crumple easily. Paper gameboard is too light and easy to fly away. Easy to lose.

3.2.2 Observation The 10 child users are then divided into 5 groups according to their age and each group played the game sequentially. The children in each group are allowed to play the game in their own way, choosing one of Dou Shou Qi products. Before the game starts, the two-child users are given a detailed explanation of how to play and the rules of the game, and the game does not start until both children have fully understood and learned the game, recording the time taken to learn the game. The game is set for 5 rounds and no instruction is offered during the game, but questions 7 296

from the child users are answered. Changes in the child user's mood and behaviour are observed and recorded. The following is a record of the game observations. Table 4 Observation record. Child

Age

Recognition of DSQ

Duration of learning rules of DSQ

‫ݳ‬

35min

‫ݳ‬

30min

‫ݱ‬

20min

‫ݳ‬

15min

‫ݱ‬

10min

‫ݱ‬

0min

Observation record In-game:(1) Exchange experiences with partners. (2) Arranged in order according to the characteristics of animals. (3) Based on defence. (4) Record location through shape memory rules, pictures of animals. End: win 3 times (very excited), lose 2 times (be angry). In-game: (1) Obsessed with the attack, neglected defence. (2) Memorize according to the words on the gameboard. (3) Sort the pawns of the animals. (4) Distracted, mobile and nervous. End: win 2 times (very excited), lose 3 times (not sad, wondering why lost, wanting to win). In-game: (1) The position is a little unclear. (2) Wonder why rats can eat elephants. (3) Clinging to eating pawns. End: win 1 time (very happy) lose 4 times (sad to keep losing.) In-game: (1) Learn quickly. (2) Good at communication during games. (3) Pay less attention to results. End: win 4 times (somewhat calm reaction), lose 1 time (forgotten defence on offense). In-game: (1) Keep asking about the rules of the game. (2) Conservative attack for fear of the opponent's trap. (3) Suggested that the image of animals should be clearer. End: win 2 times (share joy), lose 3 times (ask how to win). In-game: (1) Constantly devising strategies for victory. (2 Like to eat opponent's pawns. (3) Proposed the production of pawns should pay attention to environmental protection. (4) Big reaction in the process, attracted other children. 8 ᦥ᜽ᦥॵᯱᯙ ᦥ⋕ᯕቭ

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‫ݳ‬

18min

‫ݳ‬

20min

‫ݱ‬

0min

‫ݱ‬

10min

End: win 3 times (a little smug), lose 2 times (sort out the cause of the defeat). In-game: (1) Like to eat opponent's pawns. (2) Distracted. (3) Smart and knows how to look at opponent's loopholes. End: win 2 times (very happy), lose 3 times (be angry). In-game: (1) Not interested in this game. (2) Clearly know the order of animals. (3) Can eat a lot of opponent's pawns. End: win 3 times (somewhat calm reaction), lose 2 times (sad to keep losing) In-game: (1) Already know how to play this game before. (2) Familiar with the game. (3) Have a different strategy. (4) Quickly end a game. End: win 5 times (little smug), lose 0 times. In the game: (1) Have no patience. (2) Depressed because I keep losing. End: win 0 time, lose 5 times (lack of self-confidence).

Source: Author self-made.

3.2.3 Interview At the end of the observations, child users of Dou Shou Qi product participate in in-depth interviews. Interviews are conducted based on the key elements of the Dou Shou Qi redesign that emerged from some of the research in this round, including the reflective, engaging and entertaining nature of the product, as well as the psychology and needs of children when they participate. Table 5 Children's interview results. Questions Whether you like Dou Shou Qi? Whether Dou Shou Qi is interesting? Whether you want to continue playing & the reason?

The reasons and emotions for winning or losing?

Which animal pawns you prefer and why you chose them?

Result 7 liked it and 3 felt mediocre. All 10 think it is interesting. 8 want to continue, 2 don't want to, because they keep losing. Rules are interesting and easy to learn. Winning Thought about the game strategy. The family has taught it, so familiar with it. Fell into opponent's trap. Play too fast. Don't know how to win. Losing Disturbed by someone else. The images of cats, tigers, and leopards are indistinguishable. The biggest and can eat all the other Elephant animals. Rat Small but strong, can go into the river. Dog Have a pet at home, Have affinity. Lion Can cross the river. 9

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Whether you would like the new product to be bigger or smaller? What features of the existing product you would like to see retained in the new product? What suggestions you have for Dou Shou Qi?

8 want bigger,2 want smaller. Wooden Dou Shou Qi. Pawns of a magnet can be glued to the gameboard. The gameboard can be folded. Other ways to play. Looks better than before. Cartoon style. Material is environmentally friendly. Easier to accept. Can be spliced.

Source: Author self-made.

3.3

Research results

3.3.1 Preference of the product type Analysis of the results of children's users' preferences for the available Dou Shou Qi products: 1. In terms of colour, children's users prefer products in bright colours and are unconcerned by products with a single colour. This suggests for redesigning of Dou Shou Qi that should avoid grey colours. Bright and neon coloursare the only colours that can be designed to meet children's aesthetic concepts. 2. In terms of materials, wooden products are very popular with child users. Natural materials are more approachable. Magnets pawns are also attractive. The special texture and weight of the magnets work on children's gripping abilities. Both materials are attractive. No one chooses a paper Dou Shou Qi product for the reason that they think that they are not stored well and easy to become wrinkled and lost, or that they are too light in weight to be blown away by the wind. In addition, the overall texture, weight, and appearance of a paper board do not meet the needs of a child user. 3. In terms of the gameboard and pawn, children prefer a large gameboard because it makes it easier for children to see the game. The large playing surface allows for greater variability in the game and more room for redesign. 4. In terms of board style, children prefer a board that can be folded (C-shaped). The gameboard's variability attracts the attention of children. The folding design also makes the gameboard more functional, allowing the pawns to be stored directly and conveniently carried to school. Child users also prefer a gameboard with a drawer (B-shape). The design takes on the characteristics of a Chinese Mahjong table and makes use of the drawers to store the pawns. The size and design are more like a modern game machine that can attract the attention of child users. However, during observation, some child users tend to pull on the drawer during play, which distracted them and reducing the likelihood of winning the game. 3.3.2 Playing process of game Analysis of observing child users game process: 1. In terms of memorizing the rules of the game, the youngest child user is the only one to memorize animal features. This indicates that children are more imaginative when they have not yet perfected their concrete knowledge of things. The visualization of the pawns integrates this method of memorization through animal features with the memorization of 10 ᦥ᜽ᦥॵᯱᯙ ᦥ⋕ᯕቭ

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patterns and the order of strength of the animal pawns, allowing the child user to learn the rules of Dou Shou Qi more efficiently and quickly. When redesigning, the pawns should be more true to the animal forms, allowing children to give full play to their imagination and also training their thinking skills. 2. When it comes to the way they play and win, most children prefer to focus on offense and eating up more of their opponent's pawns. Early childhood children can enjoy difficult and challenging games that attract their attention. This is what makes Dou Shou Qi entertaining and attractive. The result of eating up the opponent's pawns gives children the drive to succeed and gives them the motivation to continue playing. It increases children's motivation, courage, enthusiasm, energy, and willpower. The variety of ways to win are educational to exercise children's thinking abilities and has an educational effect. 3. When it comes to enforcing the rules of the game, child users can face the following problems: they are obsessed with eating up pawns and ignore the layout of other pawns; they do not follow the rules of the game and move the pawns indiscriminately because they are in a hurry to win; there are too many rules and information on the board, which is difficult to remember and leads to confusion. The rules of the game help child users to form a good sense of rules and to follow the rules. Therefore, when redesigning Dou Shou Qi, children should be reminded of the rules of the game through specific features, or board markings, to reinforce the awareness of children users to follow the game rules. 4. In terms of children's play behaviour and emotional responses during the game, some of them communicate with their playmates and share their success with others, demonstrating their communication abilities. They can develop a sense of self-awareness (Daniel 2018) by reflecting on the reasons for their failure and asking others for advice. Child users can enhance good social skills (Michel 2013) by continuing to develop these abilities. However, being arrogant after a victory shows that child users are not well guided in their selfawareness and self-regulation and will not be able to assess themselves in a reasonable way. This can also have a bad effect on playmates and is a sign of a lack of empathy. The small number of child users who suffer from mood swings and tantrums after failures are also deficient in self-regulation skills. They are not resistant to frustration and stress, and when they encounter problems, they are unable to adjust their mentality and tend to deal with them in an avoiding way. This requires proper guidance, so it is also worth thinking about the ways in which child users can be guided and educated when redesigning the game. 3.3.3 After game Analysis of results after child user interviews: 1. Dou Shou Qi has a relatively high reputation among the ten child participants. They express sadness and anger as soon as they lose or win the games. It is a way for them to express their emotions. Only if children pay attention to their inner hearts can they have a better understanding of their own needs. However, two children always have a bland reaction whether they win the game or not. It seems that they are unable to express their feelings by the usage of language, which is a sign of lacking self-consciousness. If the problems are not solved, it will have a great influence on children’s development of social communication skills. With constant use and participation of the games like Dou Shou Qi, it will be a great help for children to learn how to express their emotions during their interaction in the games. 11 300

2. Ten children all regard Dou Shou Qi as an interesting game and expect to play it in the future, which proves that the traditional rules, construction of this game is attractive. They are interested in eating up the opponent’s pawns, as well as coax the opponent to fall into their trap. This is also a sign of their approval of this game. Furthermore, they like the different characteristics of animals. For example, mice can down to the river; lions can cross the river; which is the approval for the construction of Dou Shou Qi. They also like the wooden pawns and steel pawns to stick on the gameboard and the flexibility of the gameboard. These are all approval for the material and function of the products. These advantages should take consideration of redesigning Dou Shou Qi. 3. When asking why they win or lose the game, some of them think they have been distracted by the opponent or outside disturbances which lead to their failure. This shows that early childhood children have problems concentrating. Inability to concentrate when playing or studying can reduce the effectiveness of their strategies. Through redesigning Dou Shou Qi, it can create tasks or limit time to allow children to focus on one thing and do it well. For example, a redesign could tell the child user that the game only requires the use of a cat to capture the opponent's mouse to complete the game task. During this period, their selfdiscipline has been improved, the ability to keep concentrated has been prompted and the habit of think independently has been formed. Some children said that they won the game because they have thought about the strategies of this game, which indicates that they make full use of the ability to think independently during the game. The development of their mind is the key to children’s growth and development. For children in early childhood, when their brains are developing, they need more opportunities to interact with nature and friends, which will help them built self-consciousness and strengthen their ability to communicate with others. Based on the above analysis, there can be some natural elements except for the material of the pawns to be added into the redesign of Dou Shou Qi in order to bring the child user closer to the game. In addition, one child mentioned that the reason why he lost the game is that cat, tiger, and leopard share similar patterns so that he can’t distinguish them. As a result, the design should take detailed characteristics into consideration. It should also improve children’s cognitive ability except for the clear distinction among them.

4 4.1

Proposal of the redesign for Dou Shou Qi Discussion

From the above research, it can be concluded that Dou Shou Qi has four basic cultural connotations, including “Xiang Sheng Xiang Ke”, “natural society”, “the substitution of things”, and “live together harmoniously”. In the redesign of Dou Shou Qi, the gameboard should be based on nature. Replacing animal pawns with realistic animal images and shapes can let children sense the ecosystem where animals grow, restrict with each other, and live together through the stimulation of the game. Secondly, after the observation and interview of children's customers, the following ideas are derived for the redesign: (1) School and family spaces are the main places for children to play Dou Shou Qi and also the main dissemination places of Dou Shou Qi. When redesigning, the design should be made with indoor pla. It needs us to consider whether the game products are easy to carry when switching from home to school. (2) Pure and bright colours will attract more children, enabling them to pay more attention to it. It should also take a different degree of colour cards into consideration so as to meet children’s demands. (3) Affection of the pattern, touch, and magnetic 12 ᦥ᜽ᦥॵᯱᯙ ᦥ⋕ᯕቭ

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mixture of wooden materials should be taken into consideration. (4) The affection of large, welldesigned, and special gameboards. The larger the gameboard is, the more space for the variation in appearance and shape. The abstract form of animal chess pawns can increase the interest of the game. (5) Children like to focus on playing offence in the game, and successful killing of the pawns will bring success driving force to children. To win, children need to think about the strategy of playing the game and make full use of their thinking ability. (6) As reflected in the game, children’s concentration, emotional control, and anti-pressure ability need to be strengthened.

4.2

Redesign direction

To sum up, Dou Shou Qi’s redesign directional proposal mainly includes the following three aspects: x

Focusing on the education of children in early childhood Early childhood children have sufficient hands-on ability, thinking ability and they have a better understanding of rules with common goals and common actions, in addition, they can recognize the opinions and needs of other playmates. Their growth is related to various aspects, reasons, and ways, so the redesign of Dou Shou Qi should also help to cultivate various abilities for them. Through the redesign of Dou Shou Qi, children’s thinking ability, concentration, and creativity can be improved and cooperation ability, analytical ability, and communication ability their hands-on ability can be cultivated. Using traditional culture for building children’s creative competence The modern design of Dou Shou Qi mainly focuses on traditional design philosophy and functional characteristics. It tries to recap the way of ancient Dou Shou Qi based on the description of a certain resource, combines with the usage of modern games, restores the traditional characteristics to improve its attraction. By using modern methods, the rules and patterns should be changed to increase the functionality of it and enrich the characters of animal pawns. What’s more, the four basic cultural connotations which are “Xiang Sheng Xiang Ke”, “the substitution of things”, “natural society” and “live together harmoniously” should also be emphasized as to maintain the creativity of the cultural design. Transformable and mobility The design should incorporate more variability and randomness to give variety to the way the game is played. For example, the shape of the gameboard and the pieces could be designed to be transformable. The design of the board should take into account the ability to collect, facilitate storage, and also foster children's awareness of collecting things after using the game. The weight and size of the pawns should be lighter and more compact so that it is easy to carry and can be played in any space or venue. There is a relationship between the game and the player. The more people involved the more playable Dou Shou Qi is.

Conclusion

Dou Shou Qi is a traditional game with a long history in China. In this study, after the relevant advanced research and literature review, it was found that in the past, the research on Dou Shou Qiis concentrated in the field of education and computer. However, the research of Dou Shou Qi in the field of design development is lacking, so the design research fills this gap. There is much more to be studied and explored. A study of the history of the game reveals that through the changes of the times, many interesting ways of playing the game have been lost. Moreover, it cannot be fully adapted to the modern lifestyle under modern informatization. In the discussion section, our 13 302

research recommended to utilize the characteristics of the game to focus on the education needs of early childhood children. Then, the redesign should integrate the functional characteristics of the traditional gaming mode of Dou Shou Qi with existing game methods. At last, redesigns should allow for diversification of the game form of Dou Shou Qi by adding more elements of transformable and mobility. Through the redesign of Dou Shou Qi, it will improve the devotion of the customers towards this game. Based on the guidance for child customers and emphasis on method for participation, it is quite helpful for the redesign of other traditional games. However, due to time and space constraints, the number of children involved in this survey is limited, and the survey results may not be universal. It is necessary to enlarge the survey samples in future studies and verify them with more data. There can be some explorations for the creativity of the game in terms of its culture, which can be achieved through redesign it. And the expansion of its markets can be achieved by improving the interaction between Dou Shou Qi and other cultural sources in order to make Dou Shou Qi a Chinese branded game that possesses the characteristics of both Chinese culture and modern times.

Acknowledgments. This work was supported by the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Korea and the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2019S1A5C2A04083375)

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ᨕ✙௺ᖹ ༞┡ᵝ✚ḥ šᱱᨱᕽ ๅᛍᨦ ᯲⣩ ᇥᕾ ᩑǍ እญእญ᮹ ๅᛍᨦ ᯲⣩ᮥ ᩩಽ Research on the Mashup Works from the Viewpoint of Attraction Montage Specialties - Centering on the Mashup Works at Bilibili -

ᨕ✙௺ᖹ ༞┡ᵝ ๅᛍᨦ ᩢᔢ ᯲⣩ እญእญ ᨱᯕᲁᛩ┡ᯙ

본 연구소는 서구 중심의 디자인 방법론과 이론 전달 중심의 한국 디자인교육의 현실에 대한 반성에서 시작하 여, 연구의 주체성, 교육과 연구의 현지화, 그리고 인류문화 보편성으로서의 한국·아시아 문화가치의 탐색과 세계 문화와의 소통의 실현이라는 목표를 가지고 설립되었다. ADCF aims to offer a different approach to contemporary design education in korea, which has typically focused on Western design methodologies and theories. The ADCF instead seeks to localize the subject of research and scholarship to that of the East Asian region, explore Korean and Asian culture within the narrative of humanities and the arts, construct, create and disseminate Asia-specific design knowledge, and improve Asia’s design education through regional and global joint collaborations.

발행일ㅣ2022년 02월 10일 발행처ㅣ동서대학교 아시아미래디자인연구소

❧⪗ᛸ⿔ⳃ ⪓⪨ᝓ ㋣∧≃ ᷀⬃᳧㽀᜷ ᱛ◧⇯Ჯ⾫ᛧ 䀟 228 NMbdg, Dongseo University 47, Jurye-ro, Sasang-gu, Busan, 47011, Korea T. 051-320-4833 E. adcf_dsu@naver.com H. http://uni.dongseo.ac.kr/adcf G Asia.Design.Center.for.Future adcf_dongseo

9 772671 671001

ISSN 2671-6712

9 772671 671001

ISSN 2671-6712