人權 2006年3月 Human Rights March 2006

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EHffiüffiffiËËâÊ Amnesty lnternational Hong Kong

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WE WELCOME YOUR COMMENTS

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Share with us your views on our work or actions

you' ve taken for human rights. Please include your

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The Arms Trade is Out of Gontrol

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Global Gammigns

Nahoko Takato-- MY

War

Account as an Hostage in lraq

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I n February 2006, AIHK invited Ms Nahoko

Takato to share with us her experience in defending human rights in lraq. Being held hostage has not undermined her enthusiasm in humanitarian work. By providing shelter to street children in Baghdad,

revealing the ill-treatment and torture on the civilians in the "War on Terror" by the security forces and armed groups in lraq, what Takato wants to show us is: "Cruel lnhuman Degrades Us All". Her experience

in lraq is not only inspiring to all of us, but also reflects the core value that Amnesty

lnternational promotes: preventing and ending grave abuses of the rights to physical and mental integrity.

Solidarity keeps hope alive.

Amnesty

lnternational, together with other overseas

non-governmental organizations,

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calling for a global Arms Trade Treaty and for local action to protect civilians lrom armed violence. Lack of controls on the small arms trade is fuelling conflict, poverty and human rights abuses worldwide. Every

government is responsible. The Control Arms campaign is asking governments to toughen up controls on the small arms

trade. ln Hong Kong, we have successfully invited members of local community to participate in our Million to show

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l-ighting injustice on the frontlines,

many women.around

lhe world stand up for human rights.

On 11 Februrary, AIHK invited NahokoTakafo, a Japanese human rights defender, to share with us what she witnessed when she was working as a volunteer in lraq Takato was helping lraqi street children in Baghdad from 2003 to 2OO4. She was kidnapped by an armed group when she was on the way to Fullujah to deliver medical aid to the hosoital there, and was held hostage for I days.

During the forum, Takato gave us an account on the torture and

ill-treatment to the civilians bv

the lraqi authority, and the ongoing conflict between the US-led Mullinational Force (MNF) and lraqi security forces.

Amnesty lnternational has reported elsewhere on its concerns over the past two years relating to abuseó by the MNF. ln the recently published report "lraq in Cold Blood: Abuses by Armed Groups", Amnesty lnternational condemns unreservedly direct attacks on civilians as well as indiscriminate attacks, hostage-taking, torture and illtreatment, whatever the cause of the perpetrators.

Amnesty lnternational is also calling on other governments in the region and elsewhere to prevent their territory being used by anymore to provide military or other assistance to armed groups responsible for abuses against civ¡lians.

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Oxlam and the lnternational Action Network on Small Arms (IANSA) joined hands in November 2003 to launcn

hen we talk about weaponry,

most of

a global "Control Arms" campaign. The campaign calls on

us

governments worldwide io sign the Arms Trade Treaty (ATT) which would regulate the transfer of weapons and

would first think

of

"heavy"

weapons

stop the f low of weapons into the hands of those who may use them to commit human rights abuses. The campaign

like

warptanes, missiles or

also calls on developing countries to spend less

tanks, and the

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on

military purchases but more on protecting their people's economic, social and cultural rights.

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"small counterparts", for example pistols, rifles and submachine guns are just as deadly as these heavy weapons can

be. More than 500,000 people worldwide are killed each year by these "small arms", many of these killings are committed by governments and militants in violation of

US $22 billion / HK $170 billion The amount of money (on average) spent by African,

Asian and Latin American countries on military purchase each year. The same amount can be used to provide universal primary education (estimated at US $10 billion /

yr) and to reduce infant and maternal mortality

rate

(estimated at US $12 billion /yr), which are targets set by the Millennium Development Goals of the Uniled Nations.

international human rights standard The Secretary General of the United Nations, Kofi Annan, once said in 2002,'the excessive accumulation and illicit trade of small arms is threatening international peace and security, dashing hopes for social and economic develop-

ment, and jeopardising prospects for democracy human rights

and

'

Arms and human rights Arr"¿

conflict is an obvious example to ¡llustrate how the arms trade had proliferated a human right crisis.

ln 1994, in the tense months preceding the civil war in Rwanda, arms shipments were brought to the country, principally from China, France, South Africa, and Egypt.

These weapons are widely considered to have encouraged and facilitated the eventual genocide.

ln Colombia, trade unionists have been threatened, attacked, and assassinated, and have "disappeared".

Between 1 January and 15 October 2OO2, 118 trade unionists were killed. lt is believed that the capability of these human rights abusers to comm¡t these violent and abusive acts can be greatly reduced if they were not given the chance to obtain the weapons in the first place.

Abusive use of small arms not only causes direct human casualties but also results in human rights violation in an

implicit, less visible manner. ln conflict areas, warring part¡es may purposely block humänitarian assistance: between 1997 to 2001, one hundred and eighty civilian aid workers were killed in acts of violence, the greatest propor-

Your support --- Be one in a million Amnesty lnternational Hong Kong launched its involvement in the "Million Faces Petition" on last year's lnternational Human Rights Day Celebration. We have collected many photos of Hong Kong citizens, and these will join the hundreds of thousands of photos already collected around

the world. Our aim is to collect one million faces as a powerful, global message of support for the Arms Trade Treaty, which will be sent to the United Nations in June 2006.

Add a photograph of your face to the Million Faces Petition.

Join Amnesty lnternational members around the world now to control the arms lrade!

Join today at: http ://www. controlarms.org/m¡ll¡on_f aces/en/

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+ru^ffi8û Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) and article 17 of the Hong Kong Bill of Rights. On this the UN Human Rights Committee has called for a review of POO to bring its terms into compliance with article 21 of the ICCPR.

0 Protestcrs

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The conferment of wide discretionary powers to the Commissioner of Police by POO to control or prohibit public processions is particularly problematic, as the relevant provisions are vaguely worded. Under the current law, the Commissioner is empowered to impose conditions or to prohibit the holding of public meetings and processions when he "reasonably considers such prohibition to be necessary in the interests of national security, or public safety, public order (ordre public) or the protection of the rights and freedoms of others."

\-lhristmas is always a time for celebration and family union, but this was not the case for the fourteen anii-WTO proteslers eleven Koreans, one Japanese, one Mainland Chinese and one Taiwanese -who were forced to spend their Christmas in a foreign land.

Of the 1000 protesters detained by the Hong Kong Police for the disturbanco on the night of 17 December 2005, the

fourteen were singled out and charged with unlawful assembly under the Public Order Ordinance (POO). The charges were eventually dropped for eleven of them, however three Koreans slill lace charges of unlawful or unauthorized assembly undef POO. Despite accusations in regard to th€ prolonged detainment

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attent¡on to this discredited law.

I he use of POO against anti-WTO protesters is both unnecessary and unjustifiable. lf the police are to arrest any person who has committed a violent act or disrupted public disorder, this could be done w¡thout replying on the POO. Regrettably, the invocation of POO in the present case has set a disconcerting precedent.

TI he POO has drawn concerns from international human

ICCPR, which is applicable to Hong Kong, provides internationally recognised standards on the balance

righls monitoring groups. At issue is the infringement of the right to peaceful assembly, which is recognized in article 27 ot the Basic Law, article 21 of the lnternational

between freedom of peaceful assembly and public order.

Local legislation, therefore, should comply with the international standards.

of the protesters, the severest criticism rests on the lnvoca-

tion of POO. The prosecution has drawn the

world's

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0[[ose tnc lleath P l-acts lndonesia has carried out five executions since August 2004: three for drug trafficking and two for murder Before lhese executions, there had not been an execution in lndonesia since 2001, and before that there had been no executions in the country for six years At least 62 people are now believed to be under sentence of death in lndonesia The lndonesian Const¡tutìon guaranlees the right to life, yet lndonesia is increasing its use of the death penalty

Some leasons t0 ottttose the glow¡ng numhet of execulions in lndonesia: Th,e tl,eallh p,einalÙy

r$'s¡s-s 1¡,6ft sto-Ét cri¡--d-l'e

lndonesia has a setious problem with crime, and is particularly concerned about drug-related crime But there is no evidence that imposing the death penally is effective in combating illegal trade in drugs

Why cont¡nu8 to use a cluel and ¡nnuman method of [un¡shmenl ¡f ¡l ¡s nOl effectiuefl

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Sakak bin Jamak did not see a lawyer during the police investiga-

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W¡thout these standards in place, the defendant has not received a fair trial. ln lndonesia, the risk of imposing the death penalty on the innocent is very high

Ihe in¡ust¡ce of seluing lwo sentences

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STOP VIOLENCE

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Forum on Due Diligence: A Framework to Stop Violence Against Women and its Implications to Domestic Violence in Hong Kong

/^ \,ro-organized

by AIHK, HKU Centre of Comparative and Public Law, Women Coalition on Equal Opportunities

Content:

1. State responsibilities in exercising due diligence and the experience of Spain;

2. Discussion among various stakeholders (women, juridical and legal professionals, government officials, Legco members, etc.) to introduce the framework of due diligence into Domestic Violence Ordinance.

Date Time Venue Guest Speaker: Special

March 18, 2006 (Saturday) 9:30a.m. - 5:00p.m.

Couñcil Chamber, The University

of Hong Kong Ms. Maria Naredo,

Amnesty lnternational Spain

For details, please call 2300-1250 Miss Chow or Mr. Wu

(Sponsored by Oxfam Hong Kong)

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HH++fitffiáËE-.fEÆùÉÈÊ!#ffi , fl'fP5T.Ê+*gÆ'IEJE{trEÌütâHgËÉ!+ËÆi' ffiRE1 l{R,ù'ÊtÈRt"-nk!+Ët ' ],)(q F ft,lF5 F- lÊl Å Æ F. ä ñ f! Í lF " w üÆ,ffi fr üÉ * # ä â fi tr r fF Ë Æ# ffi Ê* " Amnesty lnternational is an independent organization, we do not accept any donations from governments or political parties, but depend largely on the generosity of the general public to fund our human rights and lifesaving work. Therefore, your generous support is very important to our work.

/a¡riãiefËAËq++fllruÊ!r1F ' ++.EtJËìÉ,8€E ÉÐ#F.qF+Ë+l . EHügBtEJffiÉ'AÊÊlfÍüiffig 'FÉ=Ê!Ë/aÊ!Etre.ï+g*t+EJ*+J¿{nEÊ' l{ * È -rläl +Ì 1fr Ê! # r{f " you can support ^our work to protect human rights by making a donation to us, especially through monthly automatic payment as it can definitely help save administrative costs, and your ongoing and continuous support,can also enable us to plan our human rights programmes moie effectivelY. at

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