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At the time of writing, the National Security Bill was passed in Macao. Amnesty lnternational had raised concerns about the Bill's vague and broad provisions on subversion against the Central People's Government

(Article 3), sedition (Article 4), theft of state secrets (Article 5), and the unreasonably short duration of consultation period as well as the legislation process.

These were also similar concerns raised by the civil societies both in Macao and Hong Kong. Regrettably, none of these concerns were addressed nor the Bill's negative effects on human rights considereo.

It is our grave concern that the Bill will have a chilling effect on freedom of expression, association and assembly in Macao. The same worries apply to Hong Kong. Macao and Hong Kong are both under the same vein of "0ne Country, Two Systems". lf the Bill cannot ensure that the rights to freedom of expression, association and assembly will not be threatened, it will have a negative influence on the future enactment of Article 23 in Hong Kong, Therefore, Amnesty lnternational urges the authorities of Macao to put a halt to the Bill.

Legislation is a tool to protect the rights of civilians and ensure that their rights are not infringed. The state also bears the responsibility for making local legislation compliant with international human rights law and standards, The government of the Macao Special Administrative Region obviously fails on this.

will continue to keep an eye on issues arising from the National Security Bill. Locally, since legislation such as the Obscene and lndecent Article Bill and Domestic Violence Ordinance are still under discussion, we will make every endeavour to speak up and alert the authorities about their impact on human rights during their review and consultation orocesses.

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Binyam Mohamed was released after six years in custody - four of those were at the United States' Guantanamo Bay detention camp in Cuba. The Ethiopia-born British resident was captured in Pakistan, transferred to Morocco and Afghanistan before being sent to Guantanamo, accused of fighting against anti-Taleban forces in Afghanistan. Mohamed's

lbrahim Eissa, and three other Egyptian newspaper editors convicted of publishing offences under a controversial press law, have had their one-year prison sentences overturned by a Cairo Appeals Court.

Eissa also received a six-month prison sentence for spreading false rumors about the health of President Hosni Mubarak, which was reduced to two months by an appeals court in September 2008. He received a presidential pardon a month later.

release was on Februarv 20.

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I Amnesty lnternational announced the global death penalty statistics from January to December 2008 on March 24. China carried out the highest number of executions in the world, with over 7,718, accounting lor 72 per cent of the total number of executions in the world. The real figure is believed to be much higher as statistics on death sentences and executions remain state secrets.

ln 2008, at least 2,390 people were executed in 25 countries, while 8,864 were sentenced to death in 52 countries. lran executed the second-largest number of people, followed by Saudi Arabia, the USA, Pakistan and lrao.

sentences and executions remain state secrets and it is impossible for external observers to verify this claim.

Death penalty is a violation of the right to life and is a form of cruel and degrading treatment. Abolition of death penalty is a global trend. The United Nations' General Assembly has twice adopted a moratorium on the use of the death penalty in 2007 and 2008 respectively. ln so doing it clearly states that the abolition of death penalty is a reflection of human rights values upheld by civilised society. ln spite of this trend, hundreds of people continue to be sentenced to death and suffer in the many countries that have not yet formally abolished the death penalty.

For full report and more information, visit our website! http ://www. am nesty.org, h k

6-¡ A woman, convicted of murder, shouts as she hears the verdict before being taken to be executed in the southern Chinese clty of

Guangzhou.

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The number of people executed in Asia is larger than the total number of people executed in the rest of the world: at least 1,838 people, accounting for 76 per cent of the total figure in the report.

ln many countries death sentences are handed down after unfair trials, These countries include Afghanistan, lran, lraq, Nigeria, Saudi Arabia, Sudan and Yemen. ln China, those facing capital charges do not receive fair trials either. Failings include the lack of prompt access to lawyers, a lack of presumption of innocence, political interference in the judiciary and failure to exclude evidence extracted through torture. Although in May 2008 the Ministry of Justice and the Supreme People's Court (SPC) have jointly issued a judicial interpretation, stating that lawyers can provide legal aid to those sentenced to death, criminal suspects are

still denied access to legal representation when cases are related to "state secrets". After the SPC took back the power to review all death sentences on 1 January authorities have been reporting a drop in the number of death sentences. According to a senior SPC official, the SPC overturned about 15 per cent of the death sentences handed down by high courts in the first half of 2OO8. However, statistics on death 2OO7 ,

Global death penalty statistics press conference at Amnesty lnternational Hong Kong's office, on March 24,2009. From left: Roseanne Rife, Deputy Director of Al's Asia-Pacific Programme, Zhuo Xiaohong, sister of Hong Konger Zhuo Xiaojun who was executed in mainland China, Clara Law, Campaign Manager of AIHK. 2009+38 24EÊHHffi ffi lEffi (ã)Ë)Ð*a\8s11èÉR5zfrtläHtrFgT#f f ËT9 : H Hffi ffi fEffi ÉA EEÜÈ IÍFñ*A.' Ê A JT?A+*IT'EfrU ÊTË ' Effit+ffiáHffi (ãË)trËlÆIEÆÆ+' @Bi llv

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The Governor of New Mexico in the United States signed into law a bill on March 18, becoming the 15th state to abolish the death penalty in the U.S. The District of Columbia is also abolitionist.

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Hundreds of Myanmar's Rohingya people are missing at sea and many more are at risk of drowning after Thai authorities forcibly expelled large groups of Rohingyas seeking refuge.

"The governments of Bangladesh, Malaysia, lndonesia, lndia, Myanmar, and Thailand must... fulfill their obligation to provide assistance to those in distress at

sea, regardless of nationality, status or circumstances, and to provide a search and rescue service," said Sam Zarifi, Amnesty lnternational's Asia-Pacific Director.

Thousands of Rohingyas who have been subjected to years of persecution in Myanmar have fled in recent months on boats sailing for Thailand and Malaysia.

However, the Thai military forcibly expelled about 1,000 Rohingyas arriving in southwest Thailand by boat, while the lndian and lndonesian authorities have rescued hundreds of them. Hundreds of Rohingyas have gone missing or died after Thai security forces set them adrift in unseaworthy boats with little or no food and water.

ln light of the plight of the Rohingyas, Amnesty lnternational has urged Myanmar to stop the systematic persecution of the group. Al has also urged Myanmar's neighbours to provide the UN Refugee Agency (UNHCR) immediate access to all Rohingyas in their territory and to ratify the UN Convention relating to the Status of Refugees, its 1967 Protocol, and the UN Convention relating to the Status of Stateless Persons.

l3-year-old refugee Hasina spends as much as three hours a day carrying heavy pitchers of water from wells, Bangladesh. "l don't like carrying water," Hasina says. "lt's heavy and if I didn't have to carry water I could spend more time on my studies." ÊÉr!ftÊ! l3ñ#R

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"We welcome Thai Prime Minister Abhisit Vejjajiva's

stated commitment to convene a regional forum on the Rohingyas..." said Sam Zarifi.

"Any regional solution must ensure that those Rohingyas who have a well-founded fear of persecution

in Myanmar are not returned there." All countries are bound by the principle of non-refoulement, which says that no one may be returned to a country where they would be at risk of serious human rights violations.

Rohingya refugees. Many of the Rohingya minority are denied ÆReffR " íR*ÆE-ÆM æffi€äßH*ü €A\Eæ' @UNHCRff Saita

citizenship in Myanmar.

the last three decades, hundreds of thousands a Bengali-speaking Muslim minority of Rohingyas who have lived in western Myanmar (formerly Burma) for centuries have fled systematic persecution to neighbouring countries in Asia, the vast majority to Bangladesh. Within Myanmar, the Rohingyas are targets of deep discrimination policies, including forced labour, forced eviction, land confiscation and severe restrictions on freedom of movement and marriage. They are denied citizenship and are thus

Please sign and send Al's petition calling on the governments of Bangladesh, lndia, lndonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar and Thailand to stop the persecution, meet their obligations, provide access to the UN Refugee Agency and ratify the relevant conventions.

The petition can be accessed at:

effectively stateless.

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http ://www. a m nesty. org. h k/ch i/node/2O L 50

t Freedom of expression in Indonesia is severely restricted. ln 2007, up to 76 people were detained for peacefully expressing their political or religious views. Torture of detainees by the police is widespread.

Teacher Johan Teterissa is serving a 15-year prison

sentence for leading a peaceful public protest in front of President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, during which a flag

of Mollucan independence was raised

On 29 June 2007, the government organized

a

ceremony in the capital of Maluku province, to mark National Family Day, which President Yudhoyono attended, During the ceremony, Teterissa and 2I other activists walked onto the field and performed

a

traditional war dance in front of the President. At the end of the dance the activists unfurled the Benang Raja flag, a symbol of Mollucan independence.

fhe 22, who are mainly teachers and farmers,

were

escorted from the field by about 20 police and presidential guards, who punched them and beat them with rifle buits once they were out of sight of the President. They were then put on a truck where the beatings continued.

The group spent the next 11 days being tortured by

the police, They were beaten, forced to crawl on their stomachs over hot asphalt, whipped with electric cables and had billiard balls forced into their mouths.

The police also beat them round the head with rifle butts until their ears bled; and fired shots close to

their ears, damaging their hearing: rìân! are still partially deaf. While they were bleeding they were repeatedly thrown into the sea. The police threatened

them continually with further torture, sometimes at gunpoint, to force them to confess. They were held incommunicado for the entire time, and had no access

Johan Teterissa in his cell at the Walheru detention centre in Ambon, Ma u ku. Johan Teteri ssaÉÆ.ÊËä)lÊlWa heruffi € F,ù'FE

Al Jazeera English

Take action!

Amnesty lnternational is calling for the immediate and unconditional release of Johan Teterissa and the 21 other activists.

to medical treatment.

0n July 9, the formal police interrogation began and statements were taken from the activists. The illtreatment and torture continued. At their trial, the activists received sentences of between seven and 20 years' imprisonment for "subversion". 0n April 4, 2008 Teterissa was sentenced to life imprisonment for leading the flag-raising incident. Three months later this was reduced on appeal to 15 years.

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Amnesty lnternational also calls for an independent investigation into the torture of Johan Teterissa and the 2I activists by the police.

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destroyed as a punishment for their support of opposition partres.

Most health centres are barely functioning following many years of neglect by the state. The situation is so severe that

the cholera outbreak which began in August 2008 killed more than 3,300 people, and the death toll keeps rising.

Children living in poverty in Zimbabwe are losing out on their education. ln January, most public schools failed to open as teachers were on str¡ke over ooor salaries or because thev could not afford transport to get to work.

Hundreds of thousands of people who were forcibly evicted during Operation Murambatsvina in 2005 continue to live in destitution. 0peration Garikayi/Hlalani Kuhle was exposed

by Amnesty lnternational as a public relations exercise set up to hide the human rights violations which took place, and which only benefits civil servants and others connected to the former ruling party.

President Mugabe's extravagance is a great contrast to

A boy, aged 7, with his head to ground, cries after his family home was destroyed at Porta Farm, 9miles west of Harare. The Zimbabwean government continued the demolition of "illegal" structures despite the presence of the United Nations Special envoy i n t h e cou ntry. lÊ1 ffi.Ð1*WFÀ#JúR)Ì ",fü Ê! ê 0Ê'ÐE s gtl.Ê!

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the people's impoverishment in his country. There are public concerns that the president is taking away funds that belong to the people in need, and that Hong Kong will become a place for money laundering, especially with the Chinese authorities publicly defending his right to buy property in Hong Kong. ln fact, China's response to the Zimbabwean ruler's lavishness is not surprising at ali. China and Zimbabwe established diolomatic relations in 1980.

According to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China, the Sino-Zimbabwean relationship is "stable and friendly." According to the mainland government mouthpiece Xinhua News Agency, Zimbabwe's president is one of the African leaders who have oaid freouent visits to Chi na.

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While the scandal of Zimbabwe president Robert Mugabe's wealth and his purchase of a HK$40 million luxury complex in Hong Kong's Tai Po district circulates the city, the human rights situation of people in Zimbabwe continues to deteriorate.

Since 2000, the Zimbabwe government has taken measures to silence all critics of its policies. Hundreds of human rights defenders have been arbitrarily arrested and unlawfully detained by the police, ln the run-up to the 2008 election, the Zimbabwean security forces were implicated in the abduction, killing and tofture of known and suspected supporters of the then opposition parties,

0n February 11, opposition leader

Morgan Tsvangirai was

sworn in as Zimbabwe's prime minister, which seemingly showed President Mugabe's willingness to share power. Yet violations of human rights to suppress opposition supporters continues. On February 14, police in Bulawayo arrested 10 activists after they participated in a peaceful protest. Seven women from the activist's organisation Women of Zimbabwe Arise (WOZA) and three men from Radio Dialogue are being held at Bulawayo Central police station. They have not been charged, and their lawyer has been denied access to them.

Retrogressive government policies and practices have led directly to the reduction of the entire population's access to food, health care, education and housing. Last year the country experienced serious shortages of seed and fertilizer.

The World Food Programme estimates that about 5 million Zimbabweans are in need of food aid. Annual inflation was running at more than 231,150,888 per cent at the end of

July,2008.

Despite the high levels of food insecurity and in clear violation of its obligations under international human rights law, the government has consistently used food as a tool to demand loyalty in rural areas. People previously suspected of supporting opposition parties were denied access to cheap maize sold through the state-owned Grain Marketing Board. ln the run-up to the June 27 , 2OO8, presidential election, thousands of rural farmers' food reserves were olundered or

During the recent Universal Period Review on China on February 9, Zimbabwe spoke positively about China's human rights record and praised China for its achievements in protecting freedoms of expression and passing legislation for the protection of human rights, despite the many criticisms about China's many ongoing human rights violations by various groups including Amnesty lnternational.

Letter to Lovemore

MoVo

Hon, Lovemore Moyo, MP Speaker of the House of Parliament Nelson Mandela/3rd Street Box CY 298 Causeway Harare

Zimbabwe Hon. Lovemore Moyo, I am concerned about the food insecurity in Zimbabwe.

According to the World Food Programme, approximately five million people were in need of food aid by December 2008.

The government has used food as a politìcal tool in rural areas. lt has employed traditional leaders and local ZANU-PF activists to deny suspected opponents of the party access to cheap or relief maize as part of its strategy to retain ZANUPF's rural support base.

I urge you to ensure that allegations of discriminatory food distribution reported by Amnesty lnternational from 2004 onwards are investigated and that accountability mechanisms, including an ombudsman on food, are set up to ensure that government-subsidised food and food aid are distributed in a non-oartisan manner.

Yours sincerely,

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15

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It was at dusk when 16-year-old Blanche left her grandmother's home in Carrefour Feuilles. Like many other schoolchildren living in parts of Port-au-Prince where electricity is unavailable, Blanche had to do her homework by the light of one of the few street lamps in her neighbourhood. As she was studying, a man came up to her. Blanche asked him to go away. He left, but returned shortly after with other men who pointed their guns at her.

What can you do?

Sign and send a postcard calling on the Haitian authorities to implement the National Plan to Combat Violence Against Women, to put an end to the continuing scandal of violence against girls in Haiti, and in particular, to mobilise all necessary resources to protect girls and women from sexual violence. http://www.amnesty.org. hk/htm l/node I IO234

The first man ripped her clothes and raped her.

Neighbours helped Blanche to get back home.

Blanche's grandmother took her to a medical clinic,

but discouraged her from reporting the attack to the police. She believed that nothing could be done because Blanche did not know the names of her attackers. Neither the man who raoed Blanche nor those who helped him have ever been punished for their crimes.

Blanche's is not an exceptional story. ln Haiti, sexual violence against girls is closely linked with social insecurity and poverty. Widespread poverty drives many

girls to become domestic servants and they suffer exploitation and abuse at the hands of their employers.

Girls crossing a river on the way to school, Lavanneau, Haiti. käflzKtþ:ialffilÌ-t# , Lavanneau , Ejù@ Al

Girls who cannot afford to pay school fees may do sexual favours in exchange for money to enable them to comolete their education,

still, sexual violence against girls often takes place with impunity, which prevents girls from

Worse

completing their education, This is a result not only of immediate physical injuries, unwanted pregnancy, sexually transmitted infection, but also mental health problems such as post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety and depression.

Amnesty lnternational has worked with women's and human rights groups in Haiti to launch a campaign calling on the Haitian government to ensure the implementation of measures for addressing widespread sexual violence. Education is a vital part of enabling people to improve their life chances and their opportunities for a decent income and standard of living. The prevailing levels of sexual violence against girls in society strongly suggest that this may be a factor limiting girls'access to education. Gender-based abuses which have the effect of denying girls their right to education including sexual violence can only serve to reinforce discrimination, inequality and poverÌy.

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Volunteers & staff I am a pad-time intern at Amnesty, and I plan to pursue a career in human rights advocacy after graduation. As a volunteer, Amnesty gave me an opportunity to make a difference in the world and a sense of achievement that cannot be put into words.

It gave me a chance to participate in global affairs, which I never thought I could do especially in such a depoliticised city. My volunteering experience at Amnesty lnternational has been life changing, and it has prepared me for a path to greater global opportun ities and chal lenges.

Clara Fok

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A few years ago, I needed to do some volunteer work for my university application, so I signed up to become a member at Amnesty lnternational, I was not exactly an active volunteer (since I was just doing it for my university application and I never thought my opinion

mattered), but one memorable event changed my life, One summer, I was invited to attend a consultation

to discuss human rights development related to environment, poverty, and corporate responsibilities.

I was surprised by the diversity of the participants, young and old, men and women, from different ethnicities and industries, gathered to discuss human rights issues. Our discussion consisted of opinionated characters and heated debates over a spectrum of human rights concerns, and that was when I realised the relevance and significance of human rights work.

I also discovered that my voice was in fact not insignificant, but of great importance. My fascination with the complexity of the issues and Amnesty's ability to address global human rights concerns through collective efforts have led me to focus my university studies in international politics.

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FLXfA Most teenagers of this generation have probably used "the violation of human rights" as an excuse not to obey orders from adults. Living in a developed city such as Hong Kong, the term "human rights" is no longer unfamiliar. On the contrary, it has been commonly used as a defence for most citizens in court or in the community. Apparently the concept of "human rights" has become deeply rooted in our lives.

ffi However, despite this widespread idea, there seems to be an increasing trend towards unfairness in society as reflected in recent news reports. Why is that so?

ln this era of egoism, perhaps the public have already forgotten the true meaning of "human rights" - All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights (Article 1, Universal Declaration of Human Rights). "Human rights" are not unqualified. Since humans are social by nature, we must respect others' rights and compromise whenever necessary. A stable and harmonious society can only be built on our respect for each others' differences. Unfortunately, nowadays many people misinterpret or even abuse this concept. On one hand, they extend the scope of "right" without limits; but on the other hand, they confine the interpretation of "human" to their circle of friends and relatives, turning a blind eye to those who have been deprived of their fundamental rights and dignity.

Of course it is not wrong to defend one's own rights, but shouldn't we also respect the rights of others?

While we all declare how much we cherish "human rights", shouldn't we consider this issue more globally, and lend a helping hand to those who are even deprived of their basic right of survival?

Vivian Wong

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My experience working with Amnesty lnternational was interesting and fulfilling. Not only did I gain precious

work experience, but I also developed practical analytical skills upon completion of the various tasks.

I was given a thorough overview of the organisation and introduction to its multifaceted works on human rights. I got to understand and even apply fundraising techniques when tailor-making the introductory booklet and some of the educational material, which allowed me to further my ability and interest in the field of marketing. Other than these clerical tasks, I also had the chance to participate in conferences with overseas human rights activists, which no doubt broadened my horizons and helped me to understand the current situations of other countries better.

The guidance given to me by my supervisor was flexible and enlightening. There were many occasions when I

could work independently and with little constraint.

I learned to approach myself in a new way, and subsequently came to realise my own strengths and weaknesses. Upon the evaluation of my work, I was given valuable and earnest feedback, which I cherish as a direction in my career development. I never regretted joining Amnesty lnternational, and I am still a volunteer because this internship has made me realise that words are not simply words when they are put into action.

Kwan

ïng Cheung

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Amnesty lnternational is an independent organization, we do not accept any donations from governments or political parties, but depend largely on the generosity of the general public to fund our human rights and life-saving work.

Therefore, your generous support is very important to our work.

/A¡]ÆË+ËFÉq+++t{PrÊ!IlF ' **EIF-øË€,E ËÉ¡+gÊF+Ë+f . Ehltt+EÆEÊÊé'4\ÊÊlllÉdF'€q , EÉ4É!Ë14É!E.q¡e++Æq ++ El'i* +t'lF 5 E â Ìf + Jtb ;+ fi 'lP5 É! Æ r lF . =å!l You can supporl our work to protect^human rights by making a donation to us through monthly automatic payment, as it can definitely help save administratlve costs, and your ongoing and contnuous support can also enable us to plan our human rights programmes more effectively.

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