The Building Economist - September 2012 - The Mega Issue

The Journal of the Australian Institute of Quantity Surveyors

The

Building Economist

THE mega ISSUE

FEATURING reaching for the sky does size really matter? – P10

working the boom

The future of the mining industry – P19

north west rail link is it the right answer for sydney? – P24

september 2012

Mark the date in your diary for the Construction Industry event of the year

The Infinite Value Awards Gala Dinner Awards Presentation Ceremony Supported by Brookfield Multiplex

Thursday 15th November 2012 Maia, Docklands, Melbourne VIC

Tickets go on sale Thursday 4th October – 9.00am (EST) Visit www.infinitevalueawards.com for more information and to purchase your tickets.

PRINCIPAL PARTNER Brookfield

SPONSORS

BM

MULTIPLEX . .

---

COVERFORCE WALTON'

~ BWESCOPE snEL

The

Building Economist

10

16 19

IReaching NSIGHT for the sky

The cultural phenomenon of “keeping up with the Jones’” is worldwide and is highlighted by the need to have the title of world’s tallest building. More and more buildings are reaching unprecedented heights but is there such a thing as too tall?

Emma Marshall investigates whether size really does matter when it comes to building up.

24

Is there a massive skill shortage in

Is mining the Saviour?

The chequered history of the proposed rail link to Sydney’s north western suburbs mirrors that of the city’s wider struggle to solve its transport woes.

It is a history littered with the failure of government to deliver solutions to increasingly congested roads and an inadequate public transport network.

Lynne Blundell investigates.

Managing Editor Jenna Harfield Executive Editor Emma Marshall Art Director Julian Brown - Nose to Tail Chief Executive Officer Michael Manikas

Has this industry saved Australia from a recession? Adam Walker explores the sector that has put Australia on the map.

Bonnie Rando Leys chats to some of the faces behind the mining industry

working The boom

to discover what it is really like to work the boom and what the future holds for one of Australia’s most profitable industries.

02 07 08 30 REGULARS 32 35 sept 2012

CO N T E N T S

north west rail link

the mining and resources industry?

SNAp SHOT

FROM THE CEO

Nuts & bolts

SOCIAL

QS KIT

BUILDING COST INDEX

Contributions Articles relevant to construction economics and related subjects, pictorial material, letters etc are welcome. No responsibility is accepted for unsolicited material. All contributions should be addressed to the editor: Australian Institute of Quantity Surveyors, National Office, Level 6, 65 York Street, Sydney NSW 2000.

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Tel: (02) 9262 1822 Fax: (02) 9279 1400 Email: editor@buildingeconomist.com.au www.buildingeconomist.com.au

Tel: (02) 9262 1822 Fax (02) 9279 1400

Cover: 1 Bligh, Sydney.

Architect: Architectus and Ingenhoven QS: Rider Levett Bucknall

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THE BUILDING ECONOMIST – september 2012 – 1

SNAPSHOT

MELBOURNE NAMED MOST LIVEABLE CITY P

erfect scores for infrastructure, education

The Economist Intelligence Unit’s liveability rating

and healthcare have helped Melbourne hang

quantifies the challenges that might be presented

on to the title of the world’s most liveable city for

to an individual’s lifestyle and each city is assigned

the second year in a row.

a score for over 30 qualitative and quantitative factors across five broad categories – stability,

The survey by the Economist Intelligence Unit put

healthcare, culture and environment, education,

the Australian city above 140 others, with Vienna

and infrastructure.

taking second place.

2 – THE BUILDING ECONOMIST – september 2012

SNAPSHOT

MONASH UNIVERSITY DOWN TO FIVE

DUBAI’S FIRST GREEN BUILDING NEAR COMPLETION

Australia’s Monash University has short listed five firms in a

According to the UAE Government, work on Dubai’s first green

competition to design a $150m Law, Business, and Economics

building in the public sector is near complete. Housing the Dubai

Complex at the University’s Caulfield campus. The five finalists,

Electricity and Water Authority (DEWA), the building takes up

drawn from nearly 40 submissions, are ARM Architecture, Denton

around 340,000 square feet and is equipped with high efficiency

Corker Marshall, OMA and Donovan Hill, Grimshaw Architects

insulation features and smart building systems.

with NMBW and Kerstin Thompson Architects, and McBride Charles Ryan.

With the ability to generate 600kW of electricity using solar power, a water saving of up to 45 per cent by recycling the building’s

Submissions were assessed against the selection criteria, which

sewerage water, and a 50 per cent energy saving through the use

included the demonstration of high-quality building and urban

of LED lighting, the building aims to raise the profile of green

design, the delivery of high levels of functionality and environmental

buildings in a luxury city.

sustainability, and sound project management and practice resourcing. A winner will be announced in October.

FINAL STAGE OF NT’S BIGGEST ROAD CONSTRUCTION TO START

CONSTRUCTION COSTS IN AUSTRALIA THIRD HIGHEST IN THE WORLD

A funding agreement between the federal and Northern Territory

Building surveyor firm EC Harris Built Asset Consultancy has

governments has enabled the planning work on the final stage of the

ranked Australia as the third costliest nation for building and

‘largest ever’ road construction project in the Northern Territory.

construction in its 2012 International Construction Costs report – behind Switzerland and Denmark.

The construction work on widening a 12-kilometre section of Tiger Brennan Drive between Berrimah Road and the Darwin

Moving up the list from last year’s fifth position, the change is

CBD will begin next year, with the federal government stumping

partially due to large-scale cost blowouts in resource projects,

up $70 million for the project while the territory government will

and that both wages and input costs have risen every month for

contribute the remaining $33 million.

at least the past two years, reflecting the trends in the broader global economy.

Referring to the federal investment as ‘a vote of confidence in the territory’s future’, federal Transport Minister Anthony Albanese

Outside of economic factors, the report indicates another significant

says completion of the fourth and final stage will reduce congestion

issue impacting cost rankings was the need to respond to natural

and travel times between Darwin and Palmerston, and provide

disasters. Costs in Australia, New Zealand and Japan rose by

better access to the port.

13 per cent, seven per cent and 20 per cent respectively following the devastation caused by earthquakes, tsunamis and major floods.

View the full report at echarris.com/publications

THE BUILDING ECONOMIST – september 2012 – 3

SNAPSHOT IN BRIEF

BHP POSTPONES OLYMPIC DAM EXPANSION A

RICE DAUBNEY & WOODS BAGOT JOINS FORCES FOR DEFENCE PROJECT Rice Daubney and Woods Bagot have announced that they will jointly tackle masterplanning, architecture and interior design services for Defence projects set to cost over $100 million. The joint venture aims to provide a greater access to key

round 6,000 construction jobs, 4,000

resources such as specialist staff and

ongoing jobs and 15,000 indirect

technology.

jobs have been affected by the recently announced postponement of BHP Billiton’s

“When two firms of this calibre work

proposed $US30 billion expansion of the

together it is not just the client who

Olympic Dam open pit in South Australia.

benefits from the combined experience but there are things to be learned from

The company says, however, that the

one another in order to build upon our

postponement does not mark the end

own knowledge of the defence field,” said

of the project, and BHP Billiton adds

Graeme Smith, Principal, Rice Daubney

they will investigate an alternative, less

recently.

capital-intensive solution involving new technologies to substantially improve the

Both Woods Bagot and Rice Daubney

economics of the project.

have worked in collaboration with other practices on major facilities such as in health projects, convention centres, retail projects, but this is their first foray in to the area of defence.

ABIGROUP JOINS FORCES TO LAUNCH KWADJET KOOL Abigroup, in partnership with Western

Meaning ‘go forward’ in the Aboriginal

Abigroup’s participation in the initiative

Australia’s Department of Indigenous

Noongar language, Kwadjet Koorl will

includes on-site training and supervision

Affairs, the David Wirrpanda Foundation,

recruit, train and provide support to

for the participants as well as the

RMS, Ochre Personel and GLH, have

around 20 trainees across diverse roles

opportunity for on-going employment when

launched a new initiative that will

in the construction industry each year

the program is completed.

provide end-to-end training, support and

ranging from plant operators to business

employment opportunities for indigenous

administration personnel.

individuals in the Pilbara.

4 – THE BUILDING ECONOMIST – september 2012

SNAPSHOT IN BRIEF

Home sweet home

UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY OPEN NEW LEED GOLD BUILDING

Monash University Student Housing complex, Clayton

A

LEED Gold energy research building at The University of Kentucky has been

declared open. The 43,000 sq ft volume was funded by $US11.8million in federal funds, $US3.5million from the Commonwealth of Kentucky, $US1.9million from the University itself and $US3.5million from the Department of Energy Development and Independence to ensure that sustainable design features were incorporated into the concept.

BVN WINNING INTERNATIONAL AWARDS

As well as providing a base for research into renewable energy, the design is highly sustainable, with an exterior and roof with twice the amount of insulation normally used and windows with a nanogel material

Australian architects BVN are showing

winners at the awards conducted by the

that diffuses sunlight and provides the same

just what Australia can do, recently taking

Chicago Athenaeum and The European

insulation as brick walls.

home five International Architecture

Centre for Architecture Art Design and

Awards in just one month.

Urban Studies.

The BVN designed Monash Student

In addition BVN’s Robina Hospital

Housing complex at the Clayton campus

Expansion was awarded two Design and

of Monash University was the only

Health International Academy Award High

Australian building to receive a prestigious

Commendations, one for interior design

International Architecture Award when the

and the other for sustainable architecture

Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA)

at the Design and Health World Congress in

recently announced the winning projects

Kuala Lumpur.

in their 2012 International Award program.

Mr James Grose, BVN National Director, The Brain and Mind Research Institute

noted ‘It is a tremendous confidence

(BMRI) in Sydney and the Puckapunyal

booster for Australian architects, to have

Military Area Memorial Chapel in

Australian designs being recognised at the

Puckapunyal, Victoria were announced as

highest levels internationally’.

THE BUILDING ECONOMIST – september 2012 – 5

efficient • productive • conduit Master Builders Association NEW SOUTH WALES

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For further information on our services or any sort of advice please call us – we are here to help. Ask for Adam Walker or Greg Ford.

For all our current vacancies see our website www.conduitgroup.com.au Call: 02 9929 7224 recruitment@conduitgroup.com.au

FROM THE CEO

The Mega ISSUE I

s big always better? Well at the

The main issue with this is that residential

a project but then use the rate against

moment it seems that big projects

prices are flat or falling as well as office

an alternate version of GFA created by a

in particular in the infrastructure and

rents and retail rents. Therefore the income

local council, they may find themselves in

resources sectors are the only thing

for the developer is falling and the costs

a situation where they have excluded any

keeping the global economy afloat.

are still rising.

allowance for basement car parking or

This is generally only due to the fact that

This situation is forcing builders to submit

GFA. Costs guides can be useful resources

China has maintained GDP growth around

tenders with extremely low margins to

but can also be very dangerous in the

10% since it dropped from its recent peak

try and get projects off the ground, which

hands of the uneducated.

in 2007 of 14.2%. For Australia that has

in turn increases the risk of further

meant that our economy is being buoyed

subcontractor and head contractor

This is why the AIQS have been lobbying

by the continued strong growth in China.

insolvencies.

all the state and territory governments on

areas excluded from the council version of

China is Australia’s No.1 export market with approximately 27% of all exports heading to China. The main goods being exported to China are Iron Ore and Coal.

Similarly many other resource- rich nations have a strong economy backed by exports to countries such as China.

The USA’s main exports to China are Food, Electronics and Transportation Equipment, but these items have not been strong enough to soften the crash of their economy over the last few years.

These “mega projects” have brought with

The AIQS believes it is the right timing for COAG to announce they are conducting a review on construction costs and productivity and hopefully by the continued lobbying by the AIQS we will have a Quantity Surveyor as one of the three people selected for this panel.

the importance of the Quantity Surveyor’s role in achieving the best value in a project whether it is a government or private client. We have also been highlighting the ways in which a Quantity Surveyor can reduce the risk on a project and create a more certain outcome.

Based on the rich and diverse projects and professionals that have come through the nomination process for the Infinite Value Awards, it is clear to see that our members have been adding value to some of the country’s most impressive projects and builds. It’s about time, therefore, that we

them some inequality into the global

The fact that non resource based projects

markets in relation to the cost to build as

are not as buoyant as the resource sector is

give QS’ the voice they deserve.

well as the cost of skilled labour. Many

even more of a reason for clients to ensure

countries are suffering from a two or

they use the services of an AIQS Quantity

more speed economy. There is a strong

Surveyor. Best value for the client needs to

infrastructure and/or resource sector but

be a top priority to make the project stack

other traditional building sectors such

up. This can only be achieved by in depth

as commercial, residential, retail and

involvement of the Quantity Surveyor from

Michael Manikas

industrial are struggling to make projects

the inception of the project brief.

Chef Executive Officer

Regards,

stack up. Labour costs and wages in the mining sector are pushing up wages in the

Some councils choose to create their own

other sectors but this growth is currently

version of “Gross Floor Area” (GFA) in lieu

unsustainable. Similarly the demand on

of that mandated by the AIQS. If a developer

materials in this sector is also pushing up

chooses to carry out early estimates based

material prices for traditional projects.

on rates out of Rawlinson’s, or some other cost guide that refers to the true GFA of

THE BUILDING ECONOMIST – september 2012 – 7

NUTS AND BOLTS

Australian tall buildings versus the world’s

Tallest buildings in the world

This graph shows Australia’s tallest buildings in comparison to the world’s tallest buildings. There is no absolute definition of what constitutes a tall building. The Council of Tall Buildings and Urban Habitats (CTBUH) uses three categories to classify what is tall: height relative to context, proportion, and tall building technologies.

Tallest buildings in Australia

120 Collins Street

Eureka Tower

Q1

Location

Location

Location

Melbourne

Melbourne

Taipei 101 Gold Coast

Location

Taipei, Taiwan

Completion 1991

Completion 2006

Completion 2005

Completion 2004

Height

265m

Height

297m

Height

323m

Height

509m

Storeys

52

Storeys

92

Storeys

78

Storeys

101

8 – THE BUILDING ECONOMIST – september 2012

800

Top 10 cities with the most skyscrapers

700

600

200

120

155 Toronto

Seoul

229 Shanghai

123

236 Dubai

Bangkok

282 Chicago

134

344 Tokyo

Singapore

569

300

New York City

Hong Kong

400

1,224

500

Continents with the most skyscrapers Asia

North America

4,245 [ 52%]

2,653 [ 33% ]

100

0

Makkah Royal Clock Tower Hotel

Burj Khalifa

Africa

Europe

Location

Location

83 [ 1% ]

554 [ 7% ]

Completion 2010

Oceania

South America

299 [ 4% ]

300 [ 4% ]

Mecca, Saudi Arabia

Dubai, UAE

Completion 2012

Height

828m

Height

601m

Storeys

163

Storeys

120

THE BUILDING ECONOMIST – september 2012 – 9

INSIGHT

REACHING 10 – THE BUILDING ECONOMIST – september 2012

FOR THE SKY The cultural phenomenon of “keeping up with the Jones’” is worldwide and is highlighted by the need to have the title of world’s tallest building. More and more buildings are reaching unprecedented heights but is there such a thing as too tall? Emma Marshall investigates whether size really does matter when it comes to building up.

THE BUILDING ECONOMIST – september 2012 – 11

INSIGHT

IN

downtown Dubai the world’s tallest building, Burj Khalifa, stands at

an impressive 828 metres (2,716 feet) and more than 160 stories tall. It is a world record holder – from the tallest free-standing structure in the world and highest number of stories, to the highest outdoor observation deck in the world as well as the elevator with the longest travel distance – needless to say it now stands as the one to beat.

Take the composition of the One World Trade Centre, currently under construction to replace the World Trade Centre that was destroyed in the terrorist attacks on September 11th. There are some who will say that once finished, it will be the tallest building in the U.S and third tallest in the world, but only if you count the 408 foot tall needle that will sit

Is it really a competition? It seems to be.

on top of the tower. If you don’t, then it will

Look around the world and find numerous

have to settle for second place behind the

buildings springing up and reaching

Willis Tower in Chicago.

new heights previously believed to be impossible. In fact, the competition is so

There is no absolute definition of what

fierce that there is even a debate in what

constitutes a tall building. The Council

constitutes a tall building.

of Tall Buildings and Urban Habitats (CTBUH) uses three categories to classify what is tall: height relative to context, proportion, and tall building technologies.

Height relative to context focuses on the perspective of the building to its surrounding areas, whilst proportion considers the height of the building in comparison to its floor area. Finally, if a building contains technologies such as structural wind bracing that are attributed to tall buildings, then this building can be classed as a tall building.

Now great heights are being achieved within the built environment, with more and more buildings reaching in excess of 800 metres (2,600 feet) and grabbing the label of “supertall”, but is there such a

Petronas Towers, Malaysia

thing as “too tall”?

12 – THE BUILDING ECONOMIST – september 2012

According to the recent recipient of the CTBUH Awards’ Fazlur R. Khan Lifetime Achievement Medal, Richard Tomasetti, (Consultant and Founding Principal of

Credit: Gensle

Thornton Tomasetti), “tallness is in the eye of the beholder”. As the structural engineer behind some of the world’s tallest buildings including Taiwan’s Taipei 101, the World Financial Centre in New York, Plaza 66 in Shanghai, and Malaysia’s Petronas Towers, he does not believe that restrictions need to be placed on how tall we can go.

“The tallest building currently being designed is the 1,000 meter Kingdom tower in Jeddah, by Adrian Smith+Gordon Gill Architects and Thornton Tomasetti as structural engineers. Structurally we could still go somewhat higher. But let’s remember that limitations are a function of time, dependant on current knowledge and materials. Today’s limitations may be tomorrow’s starting points.”

The competition is so fierce that there is even a debate in what constitutes a tall building.

However, limitations do present themselves in the form of restrictions from local zoning regulations.

A lesson learnt by another winner at the 2012 CTBUH Awards, 1 Bligh in Sydney, created in partnership between DEXUS Property Group, DEXUS Wholesale Property Fund and Cbus Property. Named the regional winner of best tall building – the first in Australia – 1 Bligh was restricted from going taller by the protection of some public spaces in Sydney from overshadowing.

Shanghai Tower, China

THE BUILDING ECONOMIST – september 2012 – 13

INSIGHT

So building up makes economic sense.

With space in major cities getting tight and increasing the urban land costs, as well as the knock on effect of attracting large tenants, the dollars stack up. With more and more tall buildings popping up, and the competition for the world’s tallest building heating up, is it all for economic gain or is ego involved?

“Typically you can justify building up to 60 to 70 story buildings on economic analysis alone. Above that usually requires some other reasons,” says Whilst planning controls determine

Mr Tomasetti. “Development reasons

maximum height, they also

to bring attention to a city and attract

determine maximum area, and Tony

commerce and tourists; and ego!”

Gulliver, Regional General Manager, Developments at DEXUS recognises this

Looking at the latest tall building,

as just as important.

The Shard in London, it is a fine

1 Bligh Street, Sydney

With more and more tall buildings popping up, and the competition for the world’s tallest building heating up, is it all for economic gain or is ego involved?

“Land in the core of CBD’s is a very

balance between so called “ego” and

valuable commodity,” Tony tells BE.

the attraction of commerce. Now the

“Tall buildings respond to the need

tallest building in Western Europe,

of maximizing the income that can be

standing at 310 metres (1,016 feet), its

derived from a piece of land in prime

95 stories - comprising of office space,

locations. Certain large tenants want to

residences, restaurants, a five star hotel

be in the core of a CBD and tall buildings

and a viewing gallery have already been

are the result.”

labelled an “icon”.

14 – THE BUILDING ECONOMIST – september 2012

1 Bligh Street, Sydney

Speaking at the inauguration of The Shard on 5 July 2012, current Mayor of London Boris Johnson called the building “a towering illustration of London’s

With these sort of challenges facing

determination to beat the recession

them, it is no surprise that many of the

and spur economic growth ... a huge

impressive tall buildings changing the

commercial magnet, pulling in scores

landscape of cities all over the world

of new businesses and offering vital

are a culmination of years of design and

employment opportunities for thousands

construction. Whilst The Shard was a 12

of people.”

year journey, 1 Bligh was the result of ten plus years hard work.

Maybe a little bit of ego is needed to build up. Whilst it might make financial sense,

Tony Gulliver recognises that 1 Bligh was

it is also not without big challenges. From

“a difficult build” and took a substantial

cross wind accelerations causing the

amount of time and planning, involving

uncomfortable perceptibility of motion for

a design competition and a focus to

its residents, to the dynamic behaviour of

push the boundaries of sustainability.

elevators and creep and shrinkage effects

All competition entries had to provide

for concrete and mixed construction, the

a robust and viable cost plan, and the

list of challenges can seem endless.

project’s Quantity Surveyor had to check compliance with the established budget

In spite of this, engineers and architects

parameters.

are working together to overcome these possible setbacks. One of the

However, he also believes that it has “set

best examples of this is the 632 metre

a new benchmark for premium quality

Shanghai Tower. To minimise the dynamic

CBD office space in Australia and even

effects of wind the shape of the building

the world!”

was “tuned” and this tapering, twisting shape reduces crosswind overturning

And that is what it is all about. Setting

moments by 60% compared to an

a new benchmark that the rest of the

equivalent prismatic box tower design.

world can admire and drive an industry

It’s also about building down. The

is completed in 2018, Kingdom Tower in

foundations of the fifth tallest building in

Jeddah will become the tallest building

the world Petronas Towers in Malaysia

in the world and once again shake the

are 30 percent of the total height of the

foundations of an evolving sector.

to keep moving forward – and up. When it

building to overcome the predicament of constructing on a non rock type of

What does the future of the tall building

soil conditions.

look like? Well, it definitely hasn’t peaked.

“Tall buildings respond to the need of maximizing the income that can be derived from a piece of land in prime locations. Certain large tenants want to be in the core of a CBD and tall buildings are the result”

THE BUILDING ECONOMIST – september 2012 – 15

Is Mining the SavioUr? Is there a massive skill shortage in the mining and resources industry?

Has this industry saved Australia from a recession?

Adam Walker explores the sector that has put Australia on the map.

16 – THE BUILDING ECONOMIST – september 2012

offshore gas platform Sunrise over an offshore platform, off the North West Shelf

T

here is no doubt that the resource industry is a big part of Australia’s GDP and it is what we are known for. Put in simple

terms, other countries want our “stuff”, especially China. Despite all of its media attention, however, the mining industry on its own doesn’t actually employ that many people. Is the so-called mining boom nothing more than hot air and if so, what does that mean for the wider construction community? Well, if you consider the below data, mining clearly does not rate highly in the grander scheme of employment in Australia:

Our biggest employers:

Health and care:

1.2 million

Retail trade:

1.18 million

Construction:

1.0 million

Manufacturing:

972,000

Our smallest employers:

Real Estate and rental:

197,400

Arts and recreation:

193,400

Mining and exploration:

179,400

Electricity, water & gas:

136,300

In fact its position is somewhere down toward the bottom of the list. It must be said, however, that these figures don’t take into account the people employed by the companies that support the mining organisations like; EPCM contractors, consultants and project management companies, but still as an industry the people pull is small.

That does change, however, when you include all the support companies, the supply companies, and the industries that grow as a result of the mining profits (such as the real estate and developer businesses in WA and QLD, for example). When you take into consideration all the flow on scenarios, including the infrastructure that grows around the projects, then the employment picture is actually pretty substantial.

The point is that on its own mining doesn’t employ that many people but as an economy generator and economy supporter, it does. In fact on the recruitment website, seek.com.au a significant 20-30% of all the jobs advertised are related to the mining, resource and associated industries. The trickledown effect, it seems, is what makes this sector such an influential one.

THE BUILDING ECONOMIST – september 2012 – 17

The Skill Shortage

Another medium sized mining company

another level. They cannot afford to NOT

Conduit recently spoke to the National HR

we spoke to commented that more than

have that person in that seat!

Manager of a global EPCM company that

60 per cent of the company’s 59 staff are

supports many engineering based sectors

FIFO workers, and added that they will

The disparity between mining and building

including mining in Australia.

have to continue attracting staff from

is also widening because the building

elsewhere in the country to keep pace

industry is shrinking at the moment. Its

On the subject of skill shortages in the

with the rapid expansion. That is a very

time for another stimulus for the building

resource sectors he said that it is no

particular staffing problem – as they

industry perhaps!

more pronounced than other industries

consequently have a whole administration

or other instances in the past, where

team dedicated to dealing with the

Job Market Disparity

quality skilled technical personnel are

accommodation and flights of the entire

This skill void is apparently being filled

required. It’s that old adage, good people

staff base! Once again this demonstrates

by offshore workers and the government

are always hard to find. He added that

the spin offs from the mining expansion

has been running “Skills Australia Needs”

there are certain professions such as

are numerous and GDP generating.

job fairs in a dozen countries, including America, UK, India, China and the Philippines, since 2005 and pre-screens

on its own mining doesn’t employ that many people but as an economy generator and economy supporter, it does.

applicants to certify they’re qualified for the job, justifying their visa. Most of these workers come to Australia via a “temporary skilled migrant” program and would be sponsored by companies. The government currently is issuing about 90,000 such visas a year, allowing a worker in for up to four years.

This job market disparity issue should

Project Control Engineers (or Planners as

Are Salaries Higher?

surely be on the federal government’s

they are also called) that are particularly

The remote locations are one reason the

radar, we would hope. Surely Australia’s

difficult to source, but this is also the case

salaries are higher within these positions

mining industry should not fix the

across other non mining industries, as

compared to commensurate positions in

unemployment problems of the world at

these specialist skills are scarce generally.

the city. It’s got to be worth the hardship.

the expense of its own population.

However, these positions are always

The hours are much longer; if you are going

eventually filled as offshore candidates or

to work a 12 hour day non stop for 4 weeks,

The perks and downfalls of Australia’s

candidates from other non mining sectors

with only a week off in between, then you

mining profession are well documented and

can be utilised.

will want to be well compensated.

as an industry its influence on the economy

He went on to elaborate that a major factor

This is not to say that salaries in the

are diverse, exciting and in many cases,

affecting the staffing of mine sites was

mining industry are not at a level above

financially beneficial to the individual, but

their remote location. Most of the jobs that

the building and non mining sectors.

like with all things, this does not come

are difficult to source are from the age

For certain scarce professionals, large

without its drawbacks. Whilst not quite the

groups 32 to 45 and this age demographic

resource companies can afford to pay

saviour it certainly has given the Australian

will usually be settled into family life. Not

salaries above those offered by builders

profile a much needed leg-up, and if there

many people will want to uproot the family

and consultancies. With certain hard to

is anything to be learnt from its model it is

to live in a remote location or commute via

find technical positions there is definitely a

that in the end “getting your hands dirty”

a “Fly in and Fly out” arrangement (FIFO

large disparity in the potential earnings.

and hard work always prevail.

cannot be ignored. It offers roles that

for short) which would be just as unsettling to family life. This is always going to be a

The shortage in these particular

problem as resource sites and projects are

professions drives up the salaries but the

not located near large cities.

large mining companies can take it to

18 – THE BUILDING ECONOMIST – september 2012

Working the boom With profitable outposts in some of the toughest locations on the planet, Australia is a major player in the global minerals industry. Mining these minerals has kept this country stable in what are unstable times. BE chats to some of the faces behind the mining industry to discover what it is really like to work the boom and what the future holds for one of Australia’s most profitable industries.

By Bonnie Rando Leys

THE BUILDING ECONOMIST – september 2012 – 19

L

ove it or loathe it – mining represents a huge part of Australia’s

Hard at work

identity. Since gold was first discovered in a waterhole near

Bathurst, New South Wales in 1851, the country’s mineral wealth

Drilling at Binjour, Queensland

has been uncovered in volume. As exploration continues to be fruitful, it seems Australia truly is the ‘lucky country’.

According to the Minerals Council of Australia (MCA), Australia is the world’s leading producer of iron ore and bauxite; the second largest producer of alumina, manganese and lead; the third largest producer of brown coal, zinc, nickel, uranium and gold; the fourth largest producer of black coal, aluminium and silver; and the fifth largest producer of tin.

The export of all of these minerals was worth $136 billion to Australia last financial year, whilst technical innovation has also placed Australia at the forefront of mining system supply, with an estimated 60 per cent of the world’s mines operating with Australian-made and designed software.

Creating highly skilled professionals and future leaders is a critical priority for an industry with so much at stake.

Now a major pillar of our economy, directly employing 187,400 people in mining projects around Australia, and a further 599,680 in support industries, mining contributes approximately $18 billion in national wages and salaries, $35.2 billion on new capital investment, $5.7 billion on exploration and $4.2 billion on research and development.

With a skills shortage on the horizon, it is predicted the industry will require an additional 77,500 workers by 2015, including professionals, managers, tradespeople and operators.

“The developing world transformation continues to deliver sustained demand growth, but capturing this means growing

Creating highly skilled professionals and future leaders is a

volumes ... It’s widely accepted ... that price declines are more

critical priority for an industry with so much at stake. The growth

likely than further price increases. Therefore, delivering new

of Australian mining then, is not isolated to the deposits under

volumes will be key to capturing the benefits of future demand

the earth, but to the people working to retrieve them. So what it

growth,” notes MCA Chief Executive, Mitchell Hooke.

is like for those who work in mining?

20 – THE BUILDING ECONOMIST – september 2012

What is the best part of your job?

How have you seen the mining

We are fortunate that AECOM has a wide

industry change over the last

range of projects in Australia and around

couple of years?

the world. One week I’ll be in a client’s

Mining top level management seems

office in Mongolia, the following week

to have put a greater emphasis on cost

I’ll be putting together a proposal for a

management, its importance in any

project in Argentina.

given project and overall the value for money cost management offers. Most

James Sneath

Lead Estimator for Mining – NSW, Davis Langdon, an AECOM Company

Since James joined AECOM as part of the Davis Langdon merger, he’s been helping mining clients better manage their costs.

The merger has seen both companies extend their traditional services with Davis Langdon expanding into the mining sector and AECOM clients having access to Davis Langdon’s proven cost management

We’re busy with local mining projects, and

mining clients are dealing with project

are fortunate that global mining clients

construction costs in the millions and

have respect for Australian capability and

billions of dollars. It’s imperative that

so steer expressions of interest here.

their funding is accurate and managed professionally. AECOM’s traditional

“In 10–15 years, I see mining heavily influenced by environmental management with most top-tier mining companies having strong environmental teams as part of core management.”

services as part of its integrated offering.

What are some of the challenges

planning and design services provide

James cost manages a variety of projects in

of working in mining?

a strong foundation of knowledge for

Australia and abroad. When Davis Langdon

Initially, it was understanding the business

expanding our cost management services

was acquired by AECOM, he was given

as there are many differences between

to mining.

the opportunity to work within its mining

mining projects and traditional building

business and he hasn’t looked back.

projects. As ever, finding skilled resources

How do you see the future of

can be hard; recruiting the right Quantity

mining?

Surveyor for traditional projects is difficult,

Generally, I see mining companies

let alone one with a mining background.

elevating cost management to a far higher position and possibly managing projects

What is the best piece of advice you

for clients. I also see it becoming less

could offer someone wanting to

labor intensive. In 10–15 years, I see

get into mining?

mining heavily influenced by environmental

If you get the chance give it a go, no

management with most top-tier mining

matter what your level of experience. Most

companies having strong environmental

companies will be interested in anyone

teams as part of core management.

from grad level onwards. If you put the effort in, you should see the rewards.

THE BUILDING ECONOMIST – september 2012 – 21

What does your job entail?

(design and scheduling) and assisting and

In my current role I report to the Chairman

supporting the Underground Managers

and CEO, however I mostly communicate

in their roles of running the mine. Then

with the company’s geologists and review

the time came for me to step into the

projects from an operational viewpoint.

Underground Manager’s role. It was a

I investigate resources from a mining

steep learning curve.

perspective, looking at every aspect of potential operations – the operating

What does the future hold for the

and capital costs ... development and

mining industry?

production schedules, [as well as]

Someone once said if you are already

manning and supply requirements.

thinking about something then it’s already invented. So with society expecting more

Lee Rossetti

How did you get into mining?

of “zero harm” in industry, then that is

When I was a high school student my

what it will get. With greater innovation

family took in young men that came

in communications and mechanics I see

Carpentaria Exploration Limited

to Broken Hill to gain experience. One

less and less exposure to harm than we

of those chaps spent time with me

have now.

Raised in Broken Hill and surrounded

explaining all that he thought I needed

by out-of-town mining students eager to

to know about geology and the mining

Non-entry methods of mining, along with

break into the industry, Lee has always

industry in general. I was a bit of an earthy

a huge advancement in remote mining

been interested in mining. As a child

person anyway. I felt most comfortable

technology will be the target. “Play Station”

he built his cubby houses underground,

underground.

scenarios that our kids find so easy and

Special Projects Manager,

while friends constructed theirs in trees.

natural will be the way people will be mining

Graduating from Flinders University as a

After graduating as a mining engineer,

in the future. All this is with us now but the

Mining Engineer in 1978, Lee has worked

I was asked by the company to come up

crude bits will be knocked off in the future,

in mining for 40 years. During that time he

from underground and join the mining

to be much more refined.

has seen the industry evolve as he took on

engineering team in the office. I did

different roles below and above ground.

the rounds … in order to gain practical experience in surveying, ventilation, rock mechanics (geotech), mine planning

22 – THE BUILDING ECONOMIST – september 2012

What challenges do you face

How do you see the mining industry

working in the mining industry?

in the future?

Political and community opposition towards

We have some surprises ahead. The

mining – an industry that helped build our

mining industry peaked in the first half

nation and better our standard of living –

of 2012 and will steady-up over the next

can be challenging. So is operating in a

5 years as projects get delayed. Some

scientifically-managed and responsible

mines are currently losing money and

manner, under the strictest controls of any

need to be modified or closed completely.

industry, but it’s a something worth doing and worth doing right.

Ian Levy

CEO & Managing Director, Australian Bauxite Limited

As Chief Executive and Managing

“Construction of petroleum and major infrastructure will remain fairly solid but nothing like the levels predicted by government figures”

Director, Ian Levy oversees the strategic plan, implementation and management of

How have you seen the mining

Construction of petroleum and major

Australian Bauxite Limited (ABx). Holding

industry change over the last

infrastructure will remain fairly solid

the core of the Eastern Australian

couple of years?

but nothing like the levels predicted

Bauxite Province – 29 tenements across

Bulk commodities have been the big

by government figures. Exploration in

Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria

growth story. Rising prices due to China’s

Greenfields projects is waning strongly,

and Tasmania totalling more than

industrialisation led to massive growth in

just as governments are making it harder

7,000km2 – ABx is one of Australia’s

profit margins during late 2005 to mid 2008.

to explore in a vain attempt to appease the

largest mineral exploration companies.

vocal minority in the farming sector.

Since 1980, I kept saying “China is coming” and when Wen Jiabao became Premier

Business executives have to sense what

of China in late 2002, I knew he was a

is really happening in business now and

mine geologist who believed China had to

in the medium-term. Thankfully, we

secure a supply of raw materials from the

have a reserve bank that looks at leading

Pacific Basin. That was the day the global

indicators so we should watch it closely.

mining industry changed and now when Wen Jiabao retires later this year after 10 successful years, it will be a watershed moment for the Australian Mining Industry.

With profitable outposts in some of

We watch with baited breath.

the toughest locations on the planet, Australia is a major player in the global minerals industry. Our pool of high quality and skilled construction professionals will continue to position Australia ahead of the game, and help the country to continue to fight back against the GFC. The future of mining is changing and it is time to unearth the talent.

THE BUILDING ECONOMIST – september 2012 – 23

North West Rail Link Is it the right answer for Sydney?

By Lynne Blundell

The chequered history of the proposed r ail link to Sydney’s north western suburbs mirrors that of the city’s wider struggle to solve its tr ansport woes. It is a history littered with the failure of government to deliver solutions to increasingly congested roads and an inadequate public tr ansport network.

24 – THE BUILDING ECONOMIST – september 2012

North west rail link

The new system is expected to work alongside suburban double deck trains and intercity trains

Now, after numerous incarnations, the North West Rail Link is once again on the agenda, the NSW government making it a central platform for its long term transport plan for Sydney and NSW. Following his victory in the NSW state election in March 2011, Barry O’Farrell announced that one of his key priorities was to start construction of the North West Rail Link.

Described by the NSW government as the biggest Sydney transport project since the Harbour Bridge was built 90 years ago, the North West Rail Link project will cost between $7.5 and $8.5 billion and take five to six years to build once the tunnel borers are in place. It includes: • Eight new railway stations in the North West at Cherrybrook, Castle Hill, Hills Centre, Norwest, Bella Vista, Kellyville, Rouse Hill and Cudgegong Rd • 15.5km of twin tunnels between Bella Vista and Epping – the longest and deepest rail tunnels ever built in Australia • A 4km Skytrain viaduct section from Bella Vista to Rouse Hill • 4,000 car parking spaces for commuters.

There was a design consortium selected for the project, which includes AECOM Australia, Parsons Brinckerhoff Australia, Cox Architects and Grimshaw Architects. This provided a team of more than 100 civil engineers, architects and transport experts to flesh out and test the design options for the project. The consortium also includes Cox Architects, Grimshaw Architects and Parsons Brinckerhoff Australia.

NSW Transport Minister Gladys Berejiklian told BE that the North West Rail Link will, for the first time, deliver a heavy rail transport service to Sydney’s fastest-growing region.

“The population of the North West is expected to grow by more than 200,000 to more than 600,000 over the next 40 years,” Ms Berejiklian said.

“One of the clear aims of the North West Rail Link is to get people out of their cars in the heavily congested North West, which has one of the highest rates of car ownership per household in Australia.”

Ms Berejiklian said the new line will offer a fast commuter service with a train every five minutes at peak times and modern, fast, single deck trains between Cudgegong Rd and Chatswood. About one third of customers are expected to get off before Chatswood at major employment and education precincts like Macquarie Park, Macquarie University, Norwest and Chatswood itself.

THE BUILDING ECONOMIST – september 2012 – 25

North west rail link Map showing the proposed railway stations in the North West

The new system is expected to work

But the project has met resistance from the

allocated to the Epping to Parramatta rail

alongside suburban double deck trains and

federal government and the independent

link, be diverted to the North West Rail Link.

intercity trains. The Epping to Chatswood

advisory body Infrastructure Australia.

rail line will be converted for the new single

The NSW Greens have also been critical of

In its recent report to COAG, Infrastructure

deck trains and customers will interchange

the government’s plans to use single deck

Australia said there needed to be further

with the existing network at Chatswood.

trains on the line, citing capacity issues

analysis of options for Sydney’s north west

From Chatswood, there will be a peak hour

and incompatibility with the rest of the

public transport strategy.

train every three minutes to the city.

rail system.

National Infrastructure Coordinator, Michael Deegan, told BE that until further

“The aim of this PPP is to deliver better services for customers and better value for money for taxpayers.”

details of the project are received from the NSW Government, Infrastructure Australia’s would not recommend the project for federal funding. He hoped the NSW government’s forthcoming transport plan would provide this.

“Infrastructure Australia recognises there is

Planning work to extend the line from

So far Commonwealth funding has not

a transport challenge in north-west Sydney

Chatswood to the Sydney CBD via a second

been forthcoming and the project was

that requires attention. As yet, we have not

harbour crossing has also started.

not included on Infrastructure Australia’s

seen enough to be convinced that the North

2012 priority list for infrastructure funding.

West Rail Link is the right response to that

Ms Berejiklian said the project would

More recently, Infrastructure NSW has

challenge,” Mr Deegan said.

support more than 16,200 jobs during

raised questions about the likelihood of the

construction and inject $25 billion into the

second harbour crossing being built.

NSW economy, with the NSW Government

One sticking point is having an interchange at Chatswood, which Infrastructure

investing $3.3 billion in the North West Rail

The federal government also knocked

Australia says could risk reduced

Link over the next four years.

back Premier O’Farrell’s request that $2.1

patronage of the line.

billion worth of federal funding, previously

26 – THE BUILDING ECONOMIST – september 2012

“One option to deal with this issue might north shore, although this would add to

Counting the Costs

the cost of an already very large project.

Part of the integrated North West Rail Link project team, Darren Munton,

We would want to see well documented

Director at Turner & Townsend, talks about the role of the Quantity Surveyors

patronage, operational, cost and other

on this project and what this means for Sydney.

be to extend the project further down the

studies to assess the ‘value for money’ of such a proposition,” Mr Deegan said.

What is the role of Turner & Townsend on this project?

Our role in the team is cost manager for the project. We are preparing the capital

Community interest in the project has been strong.

cost estimates for inclusion in the business case, carrying out a quantitative risk assessment, establishing expenditure profiles and assessing the impact of escalation over the duration of the project.

What has been the highlight of this project for you?

North West Rail Link is one of the biggest and most exciting infrastructure projects currently happening in Australia. Playing our part in helping to overcome the

With Sydney growing to a population of

challenges that all projects of this size and complexity present is a key highlight for

between 6–7 million in the next 30 years,

Turner & Townsend’s team.

and much of that growth occurring in western Sydney, Mr Deegan said the city

What have been some of the challenges on this project?

might be better served by a north west

Working with the rest of the project team to find the most cost effective solution and

link that can build up Parramatta as a

getting maximum value for money from the government’s investment. This means we

second CBD.

are continually assessing the commercial impact of different design considerations as the design is evolving. In addition, the project is progressing rapidly so making sure

Ms Berejiklian said the North West Rail

we hit the project milestones for our key deliverables is critical.

Link would go ahead with or without federal support. “The NSW government

What will the NWRL mean for Sydney?

has clearly stated that this project is a

The project will contribute significantly to the continued social and economic

fully-funded priority infrastructure project

growth of North West Sydney. It will provide businesses, residents and visitors with

which is not dependent on any federal

improved travel choices, reduce the reliance on private transport and improve the

contribution,” Ms Berejiklian said.

environmental sustainability of the area.

Community interest in the project has been strong, she said, with more than

“The tender process has started for the

Ms Berejiklian said the first two contracts

4000 people visiting the project information

first major construction contract – the

would be design and construct contracts

centre or phoning the information line over

multi-billion-dollar tunnel construction

funded by the NSW Government. The

the past year and 51,000 people logging

between Epping and Bella Vista. Early

contract for rail systems, trains and

onto the project website.

construction work starts later this year – so

operations is planned to be a Public Private

the major construction sites are ready for

Partnership, subject to ensuring it delivers

More than 500 people attended eight

the delivery of the tunnel boring machines

value for money for the taxpayer.

community information sessions during the

in 2014 as scheduled,” Ms Berejiklian said.

“The aim of this PPP is to deliver better

public exhibition period earlier this year and over 40,000 locals received invitations

Three major contracts are planned for the

services for customers and better value for

to make a submission.

project. They are:

money for taxpayers. The NSW Government has always stated that fares on the North

A dedicated project office has been set up

• Tunnelling

West Rail Link will be determined the same

within Transport for NSW to prioritise the

• Surface construction works

way as the rest of the Sydney rail network,”

project, with more than 17 major tenders

• Rail systems, trains and operations.

Ms Berejiklian said.

and 37 key contracts awarded so far.

THE BUILDING ECONOMIST – september 2012 – 27

SOCIAL

YQS relaunch Party 8 august Shirt bar, sydney

Shirt Bar, Sussex Lane, Sydney

Irena Kuzman, Jing Kong, Autumn Lu and Corey Farrell, MBM

28 – THE BUILDING ECONOMIST – september 2012

SOCIAL

Ni-kola Austin and Sam Trickett of Lend Lease and Nicholas Hailazidis of Probuild

Luke Foster, MBM and Andrew Harfield, GHD

THE BUILDING ECONOMIST – september 2012 – 29

SOCIAL

16th Annual PAQS Conference

Pacific Association of Quantity Surveyors Conference Opening Ceremony

7–10 July, Brunei darussalam

National President, Gary McDonald presenting Dato Isahak (representing RISM), with an AIQS boomerang at the gift ceremony

Team Building Exercise at the PAQS YQS Group Conference

If you have held or attended an AIQS event in your area and want to feature it in the Social Pages please send the event details and photographs with the names of who is in the picture to editor@buildingeconomist.com.au

30 – THE BUILDING ECONOMIST – september 2012

SOCIAL

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THE BUILDING ECONOMIST – september 2012 – 33

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