Al Hakam - 27 October 2023

Answers to Everyday Issues Part: 62

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Khilafat-e-Ahmadiyya, Tahrik-e-Jadid, and propagation of Islam to all corners of the world

Incomparable courage of the Holy Prophet’s Companions

Zikr-e-Habib: Attending to the sick and treating the ailing

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THE WEEKLY

www.alhakam.org AL HAKAM | Friday 27 October 2023 | Issue CCXCIII Ahmadiyya Archive & Research Centre (ARC), 22 Deer Park Road, London, SW19 3TL, UK info@alhakam.org | ISSN 2754-7396

Uphold Islamic values

Hadith-e-Rasul – Sayings of the Holy Prophet Muhammadsa

Events of the Last Day

amidst rising materialism Amila of Khuddam-ul-Ahmadiyya France meets Huzoor

َ ّٰ ُ ‫ﻋ ِﻦ اﺑْ ِﻦ ﻋ َ� َ� ـ رﺿﻰ ا��� ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ‬ َ َ ُ ّ ٰ َّ َ ّ ٰ ُ ‫ـ َﻋ ْﻦ َر‬ ْ ‫ﻮل ا��� ﺻﻠﻰ ا��� �ﻠﻴ ِﻪ‬ ‫ﺳ‬ ِ ٰ َ ُ َّ َ َّ َ َ ُ ّ ْ ّ ‫ ِإن ا��� ﻳَﻘ ِﺒﺾ ﻳ َ ْﻮ َم‬:‫َو َﺳﻠﻢ أﻧﻪ ﻗﺎل‬ ُ َ َ َّ ُ ُ َ َ َ ْ َ َ َ ْ ‫اﻟ ِﻘﻴﺎﻣ ِﺔ ا��رض وﺗ��ن اﻟﺴﻤﻮات‬ ُ ْ َ​َ ُ ُ ُ ُ ‫ َر َواه‬.‫ﻴﻨ ِﻪ ﺛ َّﻢ ﻳَﻘﻮل أﻧﺎ اﻟ َﻤﻠِﻚ‬ ِ ‫ﺑِ َﻴ ِﻤ‬ ْ َ ٌ .‫ﻚ‬ ٍ ِ ‫َﺳ ِﻌﻴﺪ ﻋﻦ َﻣﺎﻟ‬ It is narrated by Hazrat Ibn ‘Umarra that, “Allah’s Messengersa said, ‘On the Day of Resurrection, Allah will grasp the whole Earth by His Hand, and all the Heavens in His right, and then He will say, ‘I am the King.’” (Sahih al-Bukhari, Kitab at-tawhid, Bab qawli llahi ta‘ala; ‘lima khalaqtu bi yadayya’)

Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmadas, In His Own Words

Blessings of durood Hazrat Maulana Sialkoti writes:

Image: Library

On 22 October 2023, the amila of Majlis Khuddam-ul-Ahmadiyya France was blessed with the opportunity to meet Hazrat Amirul Momineen, Khalifatul Masih V, may Allah be his Helper, in a virtual mulaqat.

After conveying salaam, Huzooraa enquired whether this was the amila, to which Jameel Ur Rehman Sahib, Sadr Majlis Khuddam-ul-Ahmadiyya France, affirmed.

Following this, Huzooraa led everyone in

silent prayer, and then the members had the opportunity to introduce themselves.

Shakeel Ahmad Sahib, serving as Motamid Majlis Khuddam-ul-Ahmadiyya, was the first to present his report. Huzooraa asked him about his profession, to which he replied that he is a chartered accountant.

Huzooraa asked him about the number of majalis in France and how many of them submit regular monthly reports. He reported that there are 13 majalis in France,

and 10 of them submit reports monthly. He also mentioned that out of 596 members, 429 are khuddam, and the remaining are atfal.

Usama Ahmad Sahib, who serves as Muavin Sadr in the departments of Maal and Ishaat had the opportunity to present his report. Following him, Muhammad Abdullah Sahib, serving as the acting Mohtamim Amoomi, reported that he Continued on next page >>

Abdul

Karimra

“On one occasion, I personally heard from the Promised Messiahas as he said, ‘It is by virtue of the Durood Sharif and its frequent recitation that Allah has bestowed upon me these ranks.’ He further explained, ‘I perceive that the divine blessings from Allah Almighty move towards the Holy Prophetsa in a peculiar luminescent form. Upon reaching him, they are absorbed into his being, and from there, they exude into Continued on next page >>

Friday 27 October 2023 | AL HAKAM

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<< Continued from previous page

countless streams, reaching each recipient in proportion to their due.’

“He elucidated, ‘What is the essence of Durood Sharif? It serves to energise that very throne of the Holy Prophetsa from whence these radiant streams emanate. Anyone who aspires to partake of the grace and favour of Allah the Almighty must ardently recite the Durood Sharif, drawing this flow of blessings.’” (Al Hakam, Vol. 7, No. 8, 28 February 1903, p. 7)

<< Continued from previous page

resides in Paris, close to Masjid Mubarak, and mentioned that regular duties are carried out on Fridays, during ijtemas, and various other events.

Bilal Akbar Sahib, Naib Sadr Daum, reported that he is assigned to oversee four departments: Talim, Tarbiyat, Sehat-eJismani, and Rishta Nata. Then, Sebastian Ataul Haye Sahib reported that he is serving as Naib Sadr Awwal. He added that he oversees the departments of Umur-e-Tulaba, Khidmat-e-Khalq, and Nau-Mubai‘een.

Next to report was Aneel Anas Sahib, Mohtamim Tarbiyat. Huzooraa enquired if he was born in France and about his field, to which he affirmed and mentioned that he works in the IT field. Regarding tarbiyat, he reported that efforts are being made to encourage khuddam to listen to Huzoor’saa addresses and sermons, observe salat at the centre, and foster stronger bonds with khuddam. Huzooraa said, “The Sadr and the amila should visit every khadim’s house and greet them with salaam,” and added that each khadim should be contacted at least twice a year.

Furthermore, Aneel Anas Sahib reported how many of the khuddam offer their daily salat. Upon hearing the low number, Huzooraa explained that he had recently stated, in light of the writings of the Promised Messiahas, “A religion devoid of worship is not truly a religion.” Huzooraa added that more attention should be given to offering salat, reciting the Holy Quran, and reflecting upon it.

In light of materialism being widespread in France, creating an anti-Muslim atmosphere, Huzooraa said that if they, Khuddam-ul-Ahmadiyya France, also forget the Holy Quran, Islamic teachings, offering prayers, and fail to bow before Allah, then they could not be referred to as Khuddam-ul-Ahmadiyya but rather “Khuddam-ul-France”.

Talha Ayyub Sahib, Mohtamim Sehate-Jismani, while reporting, shared that he himself has a fondness for playing cricket and occasionally football. Huzooraa enquired if they play cricket in France, to which Talha Ayyub Sahib affirmed and mentioned that there is also a cricket club in France. Huzooraa further asked if he had come to the UK for a tournament, to which

he also replied affirmatively. He reported that 30% of the khuddam regularly engage in sports.

Ahmad Touseef Qamar Sahib, serving in the Rishta Nata Department, reported that after collecting the relevant particulars, they send them to the Markaz. He also mentioned that the particulars of 133 khuddam had already been forwarded.

Junaid Wabri Sahib reported that he oversees the departments of Umur-e-Tulaba and Khidmat-e-Khalq. He mentioned that there are currently 69 khuddam attending university out of a total of 105 students.

When Huzooraa asked if there is an AMSA (Ahmadiyya Muslim Student Association) established at the university, Junaid Wabri Sahib replied that due to khuddam being scattered across different universities with only one or two khuddam in each, they had not established one. Huzooraa said that AMSA could be established at the national level.

Adil Ahmad Sahib reported that he is serving as the Muhasib. In response, Huzooraa asked whether he verifies the receipts and emphasised that every receipt should be thoroughly checked.

Bilal Rabani Sahib, who serves as Mohtamim Atfal, was next to report.

Upon hearing that he used the word “khidmat,” which means “to serve,” Huzooraa commented that it is commendable, and one should always consider themselves in a service role. “You should consider yourself a khadim [one who serves].”

He reported that there are 167 atfal in France, and he added that all of them are actively participating. Regarding their tarbiyat, he mentioned that more than 200 educational classes were conducted, along with Waqar-e-Amal activities and picnics throughout the year.

Imtiaz Asad Wasim Sahib, serving as Mohtamim Maal, was the next to report.

Huzooraa enquired about his professional career, to which he replied that he works as an accountant. After presenting budgetary details, Huzooraa advised them to inform khuddam about why chanda (donations) is collected and how it is utilised. Following that, Yusuf Ahmad Sahib reported that he serves as Mohtamim Tehrik-e-Jadid. He mentioned that out of 429 khuddam, 163 participated, and among the 167 atfal, 50 took part.

Ali Ishu Sahib, serving as Mohtamim Tabligh, reported that they have formulated plans to distribute pamphlets, are in the process of developing a national-level syllabus for tabligh, and are actively working on visiting all majalis to engage khuddam and raise awareness about tabligh.

Huzooraa emphasised the need to have certain individuals to invite others towards Islam through tabligh and commit their time to this noble cause. Huzooraa also noted that there is a considerable amount of misinformation about Islam in France and suggested the establishment of information stalls to educate people about Islam as a religion of peace. He further mentioned that these stalls could inform people about the Holy Prophet’ssa advocacy for peace, the teachings of the Holy Quran, and the purpose of the Promised Messiah’sas advent.

Aqib Javed Sahib, serving as Mohtamim Ishaat, reported that they have been publishing articles online and emphasised the importance of khuddam also contributing by writing. He mentioned that khuddam are encouraged to write at least one article per month.

Farukh Javed Sahib, Mohtamim Tajnid, reported that the tajnid for khuddam is 429.

Referring to the tajnid and data collection, Huzooraa suggested that they should create their own data by going door to door for tajnid purposes.

Matlub Ahmad, serving as Mohtamim Talim, reported that the book provided to khuddam this year is Sharait-e-Bai‘at Aur Ahmadi Ki Zimadariyan [Conditions of Baiʻat & Responsibilities of an Ahmadi].

Huzooraa emphasised the importance of receiving feedback and urged that the nazimeen provide it. Next, Mansoor Ahmad Sahib, Qaid Majlis Lyon, reported that 21 khuddam reside there.

Daud Ahmad Sahib, Qaid Majlis Strasbourg, reported that there are 32 khuddam residing there. Huzooraa enquired about his profession, to which he replied that he works in the IT field. Syed Ahmad Rajput Sahib, Qaid Majlis Lille and Valenciennes reported a total of 33 khuddam in that region. Bashir Ahmad, serving as Mohtamim Waqar-e-Amal, shared that efforts are put into maintaining the cleanliness of the mosque and setting up tents for various events. Labeed Ahmad, Mohtamim Sanat-o-Tijarat, was the next to

deliver his report. In conversation with him, Huzooraa enquired about his profession, to which he replied that he works as a salesman.

Irfan Ahmad Sahib, Mohtamim Tarbiyat Nau-Mubai‘een, reported that whenever an opportunity arises, a gathering is organised within the mosque for the Nau-Mubai‘een.

He added that, according to the most recent data, there are 17 Nau-Mubai‘een, with some coming from Algeria, Morocco, and others from other countries in Africa. Observing his health and physique, Huzooraa smiled and suggested that he should also engage in sports.

Bazil Muhammad Sahib, Qaid Majlis Darul Nur, reported a total of 16 khuddam in that region. Next, Rizwan Naseer Sahib, Qaid Majlis Toulouse, reported that there are 14 khuddam in the local area. While speaking with Muqaddas Ahmad Sahib, Qaid Majlis, Huzooraa emphasised the importance of prayer and stated that a Qaid should not only perform the five daily prayers but also offer Tahajjud and nawafil to ensure success and blessings in their work.

Next, Imtiaz Ahmad Sahib, Qaid Majlis Saint-Étienne, reported that there are 76 khuddam in their majlis, making it the second largest in size. Following him, Muhammad Faheem Sahib, Qaid Majlis Parsi region Yvelines, reported that their majlis has 27 khuddam. Huzooraa, referring to the number of people in Majlis Khuddam-ul-Ahmadiyya France, expressed that even though it is a smaller majlis, it should strive to be an exemplary one that can set a positive example.

Rafi Ahmad Faheem Sahib, Qaid Majlis Seine-et-Marne, reported a total of 23 khuddam there. While conversing with Basil Wahla Sahib, Qaid Majlis of the local Masjid Mubarak, Huzooraa asked about his place of origin and whether he had any relatives in America. Basil Wahla Sahib responded that he is from Sheikhupura, Pakistan, and added that he has relatives in Canada. He further reported that there are 106 khuddam in his region, with approximately 70% of them being active.

Next, both Tasawwur Ahmad Sahib, Qaid Majlis Eparney, and Ahmad Saeed Sahib, Qaid Majlis Goussainville, had the opportunity to present their reports and speak with Huzooraa.

Continued on next page >>

AL HAKAM | Friday 27 October 2023 << Continued from previous page

Huzooraa mentioned that he had provided them with the essential information and conveyed that it was now their responsibility to work and establish an exemplary Majlis in France. Then, the amila had the opportunity to ask Huzooraa some questions.

The first question asked was related to the current situation where non-Ahmadis openly oppose the Jamaat on social media.

In light of this, the questioner enquired about the steps to be taken from a security perspective.

Huzooraa responded, “If they openly oppose the Jamaat, then it is your duty to openly engage in tabligh.” He emphasised that the first and foremost step is to actively participate in this effort and promote tabligh.

Regarding security, Huzooraa advised that, especially during functions and ijtemas, one should give special attention to security measures and remain vigilant.

Next, a khadim sought guidance from Huzooraa regarding Atfal-ul-Ahmadiyya’s syllabus. Huzooraa said that the syllabus can be tailored based on the children’s ages.

Huzooraa also recommended providing questions that align with their age, thus being a means for their encouragement.

Referring to the hadith in which three men were trapped in a cave and prayed, recalling their righteous deeds, one of them reminded God how he would offer milk to his parents. One day, when he arrived home late and found his parents asleep, he remained standing with the milk all night, waiting to present it to them. When the khadim shared this story, Huzooraa, recognising the hadith, narrated it and mentioned that the man had prayed to God in the cave, asking that if God approved of his act done for God’s sake, please remove the rock blocking the cave entrance. Huzooraa then told him to ask his question, which was about understanding the rights of parents and children.

Huzooraa replied that the hadith mentioning the three men illustrates that they performed those good deeds for the sake of God’s love. Huzooraa emphasised that it is advised that, in all our actions, we should strive to earn God’s love. The Holy Quran provides guidance on how husbands and wives can fulfil their rights, as well as the rights of their children, and encourages prayer for their children. The Holy Prophetsa has also provided teachings on this matter.

Huzooraa added that in the hadith, it is mentioned that even if a man feeds his wife a morsel for the sake of Allah, he will be rewarded for that act. Huzooraa stressed that the love of Allah is the ultimate objective that should be pursued.

It is the responsibility of parents to take care of their children, nurture them, and set a positive example in front of them.

Huzooraa then went on to emphasise the importance of salat. Huzooraa then said to fulfil the rights of Allah and the rights of fellow human beings. Huzooraa stated, “It was for this purpose that the Promised Messiahas came, and this is the goal that must be embraced and passed on to others,” encouraging us to raise our children in this manner as well.

In the end, Hazrat Amirul Momineenaa conveyed his salaam to all members, and the mulaqat came to an end.

(Report prepared by Al Hakam)

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Newmarket’s second annual run hosted by Majlis Khuddam-ul-Ahmadiyya Syed Mukarram Nazeer Canada Correspondent

Majlis Khuddam-ul-Ahmadiyya Newmarket, Canada, held its second “Annual Run for Newmarket” on 1 October 2023. The aim is to support the local community and bring people together for a noble cause. The event was held at the Fairy Lake Park Newmarket.

Three different paths of varying

Regional Jalsa Seerat-unNabi held in Ivory Coast

lengths offered a choice for more than 300 participants who showed up, 80% of whom were non-Ahmadis. These paths were of the following length. All proceeds went to support CHATS – Community Home and Assistance to Seniors – as well as the York Region Food Network.

A number of dignitaries were on hand for the event, including members of the Federal and Provincial Parliaments, the mayor of Newmarket, and four councillors.

Shahid Ahmad Masud Regional Missionary, Ivory Coast

Lajna Imaillah Bondoukou, Ivory Coast, organised Jalsa Seerat-un-Nabi on 13 October 2023.

The event started with the recitation from the Holy Quran with its translation in French, followed by a poem and a speech by regional Sadr Lajna Imaillah on “Muhammadsa: Defender of Women” in French, which was translated into the local

A number of local businesses sponsored the event and set up stalls.

Prizes were awarded to the top three runners in the 5km and 10km races. Funfilled activities kept the kids engaged all day long. Free keychains and thoughtful gifts were generously provided by event sponsors. A complimentary photo printing service captured unforgettable memories.

This event was covered by Newmarket Today as well as reported on social media.

Koulango language as well.

The representative of the Sub-Prefect of Department Nassian, Madam Kablan Melissa, was also present. She conveyed a message from the Sub-Prefect and appreciated the efforts of Lajna Imaillah to create lasting peace in this region. Regional Sadr Sahiba presented her with the books “Life of Muhammad” and “Women in Islam”.

In this event, 72 Lajna members participated from five localities of the region.

Lajna Imaillah Australia holds national ijtema Sahar Bashir, Ijtema Committee Lajna Imaillah Australia

The annual ijtema of Lajna Imaillah and Nasirat-ul-Ahmadiyya Australia was held on 23-24 September 2023, at the Baitul Huda Mosque in Sydney, Australia. This year was a momentous occasion with the centenary celebration of Lajna Imaillah.

The overarching theme of this year’s event was sisterhood and women as faith-bearers and nation-builders. More than 1,000 Lajna members participated in the event from across the country, with an attendance of over 200 guests from interstate.

The Lajna Centenary Quran projects of the 30th part memorization and split word translation of the Holy Quran, held through the departments of Talim-ul-Quran and Waqf-e-Arzi, were also celebrated with an awards ceremony on this occasion for the graduates of these projects. These projects culminated in 2022 after being initiated in 2018.

The formal proceedings started with the address of Sadr Lajna Imaillah Australia, Abida Chaudhry Sahiba, who enunciated the significance of Khilafat in our lives and the blessing of Lajna Imaillah for the women of today and tomorrow.

The event, which consisted of academic contests, presentation competitions and seminars on raising children and marriages, provided enlightening ideas to the attendees on the challenges they face today or may face tomorrow. The presentation competitions addressed the topic of the prophecies of the

Holy Quran that have been fulfilled in the modern era. These presentations were held simultaneously with the main proceedings of the ijtema, akin to the seminars that were held.

There were two seminars conducted, each catering to Lajna at different phases of their lives. A seminar on the significance of marriage in Islam and the key to a successful marriage was catered to young Lajna of marriageable age. Similarly, the second seminar was in response to the Shura proposal 2022 and was for mothers addressing the challenges of raising children and meeting their mental and emotional

needs at different ages.

An open forum was also held on the first day of Ijtema, where Lajna members had the opportunity to share their sentiments on the topic: “One reason I am grateful to be a member of Lajna Imaillah”. This session was also used to showcase the various centenary projects that Lajna and Nasirat undertook, including the children’s books project that were written and illustrated by Nasirat and the Talim-ul-Quran projects of memorisation and split-word translation.

The event concluded with an address by Sadr Lajna Imaillah Australia and a silent prayer.

Photo courtesy of AMJ Australia

Friday 27 October 2023 | AL HAKAM

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This Week in History

27 Oct - 2 Nov

A glimpse into the rich history of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Jamaat a palki (palanquin) and the other half of the journey, towards Batala, on foot. He reached Batala by 8 am. From Batala Railway Station, a second-class rail carriage was reserved for the travelling party. Hazrat Ahmadas reached Sialkot at around 6 pm. (Tarikhe-Ahmadiyyat, Vol. 2, p. 359)

Hazrat Hakeem Noor-ud-Deenra

27 - 28 October 27 October 1904: On this day, the Promised Messiahas embarked on his journey towards the city of Sialkot. The entourage commenced its journey from Qadian at 4 am. The Promised Messiahas covered half the distance seated in

28 October 2016: On this day, Hazrat Khalifatul Masih Vaa delivered a lecture at York University in Toronto, Canada, in front of an audience of more than 180 guests, including academics, politicians, the media and thought leaders.

The event, titled “Justice in an Unjust World”, was organised

by Jamaat-e-Ahmadiyya Canada in collaboration with York University.

During his address, Huzooraa spoke of the increase in conflicts the world has experienced and the heightened risk of another world war. (“Justice in an Unjust World – Head of Ahmadiyya Muslim Community delivers historic lecture at York University”, www.pressahmadiyya.com)

29 October 29 October 1982: On this day, Hazrat Khalifatul Masih IVrh launched the Buyutul Hamd Scheme for building homes for the poor as a gesture of gratitude for the inauguration of the Basharat Mosque in Spain. This was the first financial scheme during his Khilafat. (Silsila Ahmadiyya, Vol. 4, p. 818) 29 October 2013: On this day, during the tour of New Zealand, a Maori king hosted a reception in honour of Hazrat Khalifatul Masih Vaa. Huzooraa was welcomed by King Tuheitia at the Turangawaewae Marae in New Zealand and given a traditional welcome by the Maori community. (“Muslim Leader Presents Quran to Maori King”, www. pressahmadiyya.com)

30 - 31 October 30 October 1913: On this day, Hazrat Khalifatul Masih Ira laid the foundation

stone of Hazrat Maulvi Sher Ali’sra house.

Hazrat Khalifatul Masih Ira laid two bricks with his own hand, and then the third brick was placed by Hazrat Sahibzada Mirza Bashir-ud-Din Mahmud Ahmadra. (Tarikh-eAhmadiyyat, Vol. 3, p. 468)

31 October 1902: The weekly newspaper Al Badr started its publication from Qadian on this day.

Earlier, it had brought out its sample issue under the title of Al Qadian, which the Promised Messiahas renamed.

Upon the commencement of this newspaper, Hazrat Hazrat Hakeem Noor-udDeenra extended his support for it and also wrote some articles. (Tarikh-e-Ahmadiyyat, Vol. 2, p. 221)

31 October 1980: The annual ijtema of Majlis Ansarullah was inaugurated on this day. The live English translation of the speeches of Hazrat Khalifatul Masih IIIrh was available for listening via headphones for the first time. (Tarikh Ansarullah, Vol. 2, p. 119)

1 - 2 November 1 November 2013: On this day, Hazrat Khalifatul Masih Vaa inaugurated the Baitul Muqeet Mosque in Auckland, New Zealand, with his Friday Sermon. The inauguration took place on the first day of the 25th Jalsa Salana of Jamaate-Ahmadiyya New Zealand. (“Special Reception Held to Mark Inauguration of Auckland Ahmadiyya Mosque”, www. pressahmadiyya.com) 2 November 1924: On this day, Hazrat Musleh-eMaudra started the next phase of his journey back to Qadian from Europe, as he boarded his ship from Venice, in the northeast of Italy. Hazrat Maulvi Abdur Rahim Dardra had sent this news to Hazrat Maulvi Sher Alira who was in Qadian serving as Amir-e-Muqami. (Al Fazl, 6 November 1924, p. 1)

Hazrat Khalifatul Masih Vaa delivering a lecture at York University in Toronto, Canada

AL HAKAM | Friday 27 October 2023

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Gentle parenting Raising the ‘delight of our eyes’ Qasim Choudhary Missionary Austin, Texas

“And those who say, ‘Our Lord, grant us of our wives and children the delight of our eyes, and make us a model for the righteous.”

(Surah al-Furqan, Ch.25: V.75) If you find yourself navigating the uncharted territories of parenthood or simply striving to equip yourself with the right guidelines for raising children, don’t worry; you are not alone. With a wealth of child-rearing content available, it can be a confusing process to decide which advice to follow and which to avoid. As one parenting expert rightfully points out, “Parenting experts often contradict each other and even themselves.” (Raising America: Experts, Parents, and a Century of Advice About Children, Ann Hulbert, 2004, ebook, p. 22) So, how should we proceed with shaping the future generation?

As I embarked on a quest for answers, I discovered a remarkable book that resonated with my beliefs about nurturing kids. In her critically acclaimed work, Gentle Discipline, Sarah Ockwell-Smith shares insights on raising confident and capable children through emotional connection. As I delved into this book, the parenting style of the Promised Messiahas flashed before my eyes.

Fortunately for us, our beloved spiritual leaders have imparted practical and reliable guidelines for the multifaceted responsibility of morally upbringing children. In fact, many of today’s child-rearing experts are only now catching up to the advice and model exhibited by our spiritual guides.

Let us examine some of the tips presented

by modern-day experts and see how they compare to the counsel provided by our spiritual guides.

What is discipline?

When we hear the word “discipline,” our minds often gravitate towards the concepts of punishment, strictness, and an unyielding approach. However, it is important to note that the term “discipline” is derived from “disciple,” which signifies a student or learner. In other words, effective discipline centres on teaching and learning rather than punitive measures. (Gentle Discipline, Sarah Ockwell-Smith pp. 20-21, TarcherPerigee [2017]) The most exemplary teacher-disciple relationships can be found among the Prophets and their companions. Whether it was Prophet Jesusas or the Holy Prophet Muhammadsa their relationships with their disciples were characterized by gentleness.

In fact, the Holy Quran instructed the Holy Prophetsa to adopt a kind and compassionate approach with his companions. (Surah Aale-Imran, Ch.3: V.160) Similarly, if we wish for our children to confide in us and be receptive to the lessons we aim to impart to them, our disciplinary approach must be gentle and compassionate.

Permissive discipline This is the approach adopted by parents who struggle with enforcing boundaries, often resulting in children “getting away with it.”

Permissive parents typically maintain low expectations for their child’s behaviour and frequently make excuses for their unruly behaviour. Smith explains that this approach often arises from parents being

afraid of hurting their child’s feelings and a desire not to upset them. (Gentle Discipline, Sarah Ockwell-Smith p. 23, TarcherPerigee [2017]) The Promised Messiahas, commenting on the perils of such a parenting style, elucidates, “There are many parents who instil bad habits in their children. Initially, when these bad habits take root, they are not admonished, causing the child to become increasingly brazen and bold with each passing day.” (Tafsir Hazrat Masih-e-Maudas, Vol. 6, p. 192) In line with this, Hazrat Musleh-e-Maudra explains that if a child is caught stealing, it is not sufficient for parents to merely tell the child that stealing is wrong. Instead, parents must actively work to eradicate this bad habit from the child. He further emphasises, “Parents do not exist merely to offer verbal advice, but are commissioned to impart etiquette and inspire spiritual poise.

It is incumbent upon them to be stern but remain supportive.” (Khutbat-e-Mahmud, Vol. 9, pp. 28-29) Although excessive leniency may momentarily keep our children content, in the long term, it may hinder their development.

Authoritarian discipline According to Smith, the most prevalent discipline methods used today are authoritarian and include physical punishment, confiscating possessions, and shaming. In such an approach, the parent maintains full control and expects the child to behave perfectly in an adult-like manner.

(Gentle Discipline, Sarah Ockwell-Smith p.

20, TarcherPerigee [2017]) On one occasion, someone physically reprimanded his child. Deeply affected by this, the Promised Messiahas called the individual and delivered a heart-wrenching address. The Promised Messiahas stated, “In my view, to strike a child in this manner is equivalent to associating partners with God. For the ill-natured perpetrator who hits a child arrogates themselves to a position of granting guidance, a position only held by God and seeks to partake of God’s station of providence.” (Life of the Promised Messiah , Hazrat Maulvi Abdul Karimra Sialkoti, p. 60) Furthermore, the Promised Messiahas explains that parents do have the right to punish and reprimand children on appropriate occasions. However, it should be done only by those who are patient, tolerant, forbearing, calm, and composed.

Those who are short-tempered, intolerant, and unreasonable are unsuitable for the task of training children. (Ibid.)

Authoritative discipline

Kelli McClintock | Unsplash

The authoritative approach, or gentle discipline, represents a balanced approach between parental control and child

autonomy. Adults guide the child but, when appropriate, allow the child to take the reins. As Sarah Ockwell-Smith elaborates, “Expectations of behaviour are set realistically, not too high and not too low. Discipline is administered with respect and compassion.” (Gentle Discipline, Sarah Ockwell-Smith, p. 21, TarcherPerigee [2017]) Considering that every child has unique abilities and development, it is important to be mindful of their individual limits and capacities. Imagine being punished for something beyond your control; this can have a detrimental effect on a child’s self-esteem. Research indicates that low self-esteem is often at the root of many behavioural issues. (Gentle Discipline, Sarah Ockwell-Smith p. 14, TarcherPerigee [2017]) In line with this perspective, Hazrat Musleh-e-Maudra, while discussing the moral upbringing of children, explained that forcing a person with a debilitating injury to walk would be futile. Even if you persuade them to try, they won’t be capable. Instead, it’s necessary to support and assist them until they are able to walk. Similarly, parents must provide support and understand their child’s abilities. (Khutbat-e-Mahmud, Vol. 9, p. 29) The Promised Messiah’sas own conduct with his children was characterised by balance, support, and trust. He wrote, “I pray for my children, and see to it that they follow broad principles, etiquette and teachings; this is all, nothing more. Then, I place my entire trust in Allah the Exalted.

The seed of goodness that is present in each of them, according to their nature, will flourish when the time comes.” (Life of the Promised Messiahas, pp. 60-62) As parents, it is easy to fall into the trap of micromanaging and constantly reprimanding our children, which can ultimately push them away from us. The Promised Messiahas always recognised that the true guide and protector of his progeny was none other than God Almighty. Thus, his parental advice is beautifully summarised in the following words: “Alas! If only parents would spend as much effort in prayer as they do in seeking to punish their children, and if only they made it a constant practice to supplicate for them with a burning heart. Indeed, the prayers of parents for their children are blessed with special acceptance.” (Ibid.)

In this tumultuous world hurtling towards uncertainty and mounting unrest, let us entrust the noble torchbearers we raise and send into society to become the radiant beacons of hope and the healing elixir that our world so profoundly craves.

These virtuous progeny of today may very well hold the key to unlocking the peaceful doorways of our uncertain future.

Friday 27 October 2023 | AL HAKAM

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Answers Allah’s pronouns, milk kinship, to Everyday fasting on Fridays, inheritance, Issues Part 62

Day of ‘Arafah and Eid-ul-Adha

Guidance regarding basic Islamic issues – which Hazrat Amirul Momineen, Khalifatul Masih Vaa has given on various occasions in his written correspondence and during MTA programmes – is being officially published below for everyone’s benefit.

‘I’, ‘We’, ‘He’: Allah’s pronouns in the Holy Quran A lady from Canada wrote to Hazrat Amirul Momineen, Khalifatul Masih Vaa, stating that in the shahadah we proclaim, “There is no god but Allah.” Then, why in the Holy Quran does Allah the Exalted use different pronouns for Himself, such as “I”, “We”, and “He”, and what is the wisdom behind this?

Huzoor-e-Anwaraa, in his letter dated 11 July 2022, provided the following answer to this question: “The various pronouns used for Allah the Almighty in the singular, plural, and in the third person have been explained differently by people according to their perspectives.

For instance, it is said that ‘I’, which is the singular form in the first person, is used to give a general command, whereas ‘We’, the plural form in the first person, is used to manifest God’s Majesty. On the other hand, ‘He’, the singular form in the third person, comes to express the attribute of Allah being the Unseen.

“Both ‘I’ and ‘He’ are singular forms; one is in the first person, while the other is in the third person. In common parlance, one uses both of these forms for themselves in different ways of expression. However, when Allah the Exalted uses these singular forms for Himself, it especially aims to express His attribute of Oneness [Tawhid]. And when He uses ‘We’, i.e., the plural form, it is intended to manifest His Majesty. Thus, the Promised Messiahas, explaining this topic, states: “‘When God Almighty speaks as a singular Entity, it is very endearing and words of love, and the singular form is uttered at the station of love. The plural form appears in a majestic tone, where a punishment needs to be administered.’ (Malfuzat, Vol. 5, 2016, p.

255) “In his book, Kitab al-Bariyyah, the Promised Messiahas, while refuting the arguments presented by Christians in favour of the Trinity, elaborates on the use of pronouns ‘I’ and ‘We’ for Allah the Almighty, stating: “‘It becomes evident that the actual reason for using the plural form is to manifest the power and grandeur of God, and these are idiomatic expressions of languages.

For instance, in English, one addresses an individual as ‘you’, but for God Almighty, even in the face of the doctrine of the Trinity, they always use ‘Thou’. Similarly, in Hebrew, instead of Adon [‫]ןוֹדאָ‬, which means ‘Lord’,

Adonim [‫ ]םיִנוֹדֲא‬is also used [i.e., the plural form]. So, in essence, these debates revolve around linguistic idioms. In the Holy Quran, in many places in God’s Word, the pronoun ‘We’ appears, as in ‘We did this’ or ‘We shall do this’. And no sensible person interprets this ‘We’ to mean a plurality of gods.’ (Kitab al-Bariyyah, Ruhani Khazain, Vol. 13, pp.

94-95) “In his exegesis, Hazrat Musleh-e-Maudra expounds upon the wisdom behind the use of plural forms for Allah the Exalted in the following verses of the Holy Quran:

َ​َ َ َ ُ َ� َ ُ ۡ �ٰ َ ُ ُ ‫َفا ۡو ۤ�ي ِاِل َ ْۡي َِہ ْۡم َُر �َب َُہ ْۡم ِلَ​َن َۡہ ُِلُك �َۡن اِلﻈ ُِل ِ​ِمي َ​َن َوِلَ​َن َۡس ُِكَنَنـُك ُْم الۡا ُۡرض ُِم �ۡن‬ ‫َبَ ْۡع َِّد َِہ ْۡم‬

“‘Then their Lord sent unto them the revelation: ‘We will, surely, destroy the wrongdoers. And We will, surely, make you dwell in the land after them. This is for him who fears to stand before My Tribunal and fears My warning.’’ (Surah Ibrahim, Ch. 14: V. 14-15) “He states: “‘[In these verses,] Allah the Exalted has employed the form of mutakallim ma‘a l-ghayr which denotes plurality. Despite the fact that the One who ‘destroys’ and the One who ‘grants dwellings and dominion’ is solely Allah the Exalted, Who is absolutely One. The reason for this is to manifest possession and control. Since strength and power are amplified in a group, wherever the Holy Quran intends to demonstrate control and authority and underscore it, the plural form is used. Conversely, where the intent is to express self-sufficiency or not to emphasise control and possession, the singular form is employed. “‘Some Sufis have written that for tasks Allah the Exalted performs through the agency of angels, He employs the plural form. However, He uses the singular form for acts executed solely by Divine command.’”

(Tafsir-e-Kabir, Vol. 3, p. 455) “Thus, the diverse pronouns that Allah the Exalted has employed for Himself, in singular, plural, and in the third person, are intended to manifest various distinct attributes and the power and might of Allah the Exalted.”

Milk kinship A lady from Yemen wrote to Hazrat Amirul Momineen, Khalifatul Masih Vaa, stating that a girl married her paternal cousin, i.e., her father’s sister’s son, and they have a child together. The husband had been breastfed by

his maternal great-aunt. Scholars opine that they should divorce because her husband is her milk-related paternal uncle. She sought guidance on this matter. Huzoor-e-Anwaraa, in his letter dated 7 August 2022, gave the following guidance: “Based on the situation you described, the boy’s maternal grandmother is the girl’s paternal grandmother. The woman by whom the boy was breastfed, meaning his mother’s maternal aunt, is actually the sister of the boy’s maternal grandmother and the sister of the girl’s paternal grandmother.

Thus, there is no prohibition between the couple stemming from one of them being breastfed, i.e., their marriage is valid, as the boy’s milk relationship is not with his maternal grandmother or the girl’s paternal grandmother’s children but with the offspring of the sister of the boy’s maternal grandmother and the sister of the girl’s paternal grandmother.

“Yes, if the boy had been breastfed by his maternal grandmother, then, since the boy’s maternal grandmother is also the girl’s paternal grandmother, this boy would have been the milk-related paternal uncle of the girl, which would have created a prohibition for their marriage. However, in the situation you have described, there is no such prohibition between the couple stemming from one of them being breastfed.”

Fasting when the Day of ‘Arafah or ‘Ashura’ etc. fall on a Friday Someone from Nigeria wrote to Hazrat Amirul Momineen, Khalifatul Masih Vaa, stating, “I have read in a hadith that one cannot fast on Friday. However, this year, the Day of ‘Arafah will fall on a Friday.

Should we observe the fast of Friday on that day?” Huzoor-e-Anwaraa, in his letter dated 7 August 2022, provided the following response to this query: “From the ahadith, it is clear that the Holy Prophetsa prohibited fasting solely on Fridays or solely on Saturdays. (Sunan at-Tirmidhi, Kitab as-sawm, Bab ma ja’a fi karahiyati sawmi yawmi l-jumu‘ati wahdahu; Bab ma ja’a fi sawmi yawmi s-sabt) “Hadith scholars have presented various reasons for this. Among these reasons is the fact that Friday is considered a day of Eid for Muslims, and Eid is a day of eating and drinking; hence, one should not fast on the festive day of Eid. Another reason for the prohibition of exclusively singling out Friday for fasting is to prevent Muslims from

engin akyurt | Unsplash

overexaggerating the outward veneration of this day. This is to ensure that Muslims do not fall into the same excess as the Jews did with their veneration of Saturday (Sabbath), which led them to trial. (Tuhfat al-Ahwadhi bi Sharh Jami‘ at-Tirmidhi, Kitab as-sawm, Bab ma ja’a fi karahiyati sawmi yawmi l-jumu‘ati wahdahu) “Furthermore, the reason for prohibiting fasting solely on Saturdays is that Jews observed fasting on this day. Therefore, to distinguish Muslims from the Jews and to avoid resemblance, Muslims were instructed not to fast solely on Saturdays. (Sunan atTirmidhi, Kitab al-sawm, Bab ma ja’a fi sawmi yawmi s-sabt) “In addition to these injunctions, the Holy Prophetsa emphasised the merit of fasting on the Day of ‘Arafah (9th of Dhul-Hijjah) and the Day of ‘Ashura’ (10th of Muharram).

(Sahih Muslim, Kitab as-siyam, Bab istihbabi siyami thalathati ayyamin min kulli shahrin wa sawmi yawmi ‘arafata wa ‘ashura’a wa l-ithnayni wa l-khamis) However, those present at Hajj are prohibited from fasting on the Day of ‘Arafah. (Sunan ibn Majah, Kitab as-siyam, Bab siyami yawmi ‘arafah) “In summary, it is prohibited to single out a day for fasting based on one’s own judgement, surpassing the commands of Allah the Almighty and His Messengersa.

However, regarding specific days wherein God and His Messengersa have permitted fasting, if a Friday or Saturday falls within those days, there is no issue with fasting solely on a Friday or Saturday.

“Thus, the Day of ‘Arafah and the Day of ‘Ashura’ are those days regarding which the Holy Prophetsa has elaborated on the merits of observing voluntary fasts. Hence, there is no prohibition on observing a fast exclusively on a Friday or solely on a Saturday during these particular days.”

Rules of inheritance in Islam A lady from Malaysia forwarded some questions to Hazrat Amirul Momineen,

AL HAKAM | Friday 27 October 2023 Khalifatul Masih Vaa regarding the inheritance distribution of her deceased father. Huzoor-e-Anwaraa, in his letter dated 18 August 2022, provided the following guidance: “1. You have enquired, ‘Will our late father’s children from his two non-Ahmadi wives (from whom he had divorced) also be heirs to our father’s inheritance, given that he had no contact with these children and they were not very close to him.’

“The children from your father’s first two wives (whom he had divorced) are also, according to Islamic law, heirs to your father’s estate. Hence, if those children wish, they have the right to claim their legal share. However, if your father left any written statement or documentation about not giving the inheritance to those children, and it also mentions the reasons for doing so while those children are still demanding their share, then it becomes a contested matter. The resolution of this dispute falls under the jurisdiction of Dar al-Qadha or the country’s legal system, which will decide the matter after examining evidence, witnesses, and other proofs.

“2. You have mentioned a second point, stating that, ‘According to our late father’s will, the amount my sister and I received from the equal division of his estate, we have now realised, is more than our rightful share.

Consequently, a portion of this amount will need to be returned by both my sister and me, resulting in an additional amount being due to our brothers. Can I voluntarily donate the extra amount that came into my share for a charitable cause, or is it imperative for me to return it to the trustee?’

“Given the scenario you have described, since this amount rightfully belongs to the other heirs and was mistakenly given in excess to you and your sister, it should be returned to the trustee. The trustee would then ensure this amount reaches its rightful recipients.

“3. Your third question pertains to the following matter: ‘Regarding our late father’s will, would the one-third share stipulated in the will be distributed first, or would the remaining inheritance be divided prior to that?’

“In the Holy Quran, where detailed instructions on the distribution of inheritance have been provided, a particular phrase is reiterated multiple times, emphasising that before dividing the inheritance, any will made by the deceased should be executed, or any debts owed by the deceased should be settled. (Surah an-Nisa, Ch.4: V.12-13) Thus, the will made by your late father will be executed prior to the distribution of the inheritance. Following that, the remaining portion of your father’s inheritance will be divided among the rightful legal heirs as per the sharia.

“You have raised a fourth point, writing, ‘Will the decision to spend this portion of the will’s amount be made by the trustee, or will my mother and we siblings decide where this amount should be spent?’

“Your question is not entirely clear.

Hence, please first clarify what you mean by the will of your late father that you have referenced and for whose benefit this will was made. Islam provides various directives concerning wills. Therefore, until these matters are clarified, a response to your question cannot be given. Similarly, please explain what you mean by ‘trust’ in this

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context so that a comprehensive and accurate response can be provided to you.”

Global Eid-ul-Adha based on the Day of ‘Arafah Someone from Egypt wrote to Hazrat Amirul Momineen, Khalifatul Masih Vaa, stating, “I wish to enquire about the wuquf [standing] at ‘Arafat and the subsequent day of Eid-ul-Adha. The question is, when all the Muslims around the world are in agreement about the Day of ‘Arafah, then how do we differ from them regarding the day of Eidul-Adha? Huzoor-e-Anwaraa, in his letter dated 11 July 2022, provided the following response to this question: “There is no doubt that the day of 9 Dhul-Hijjah is known as the day of wuquf at ‘Arafat, because on this day, those blessed with the opportunity to perform Hajj must stay for a while in the plain of ‘Arafat, as this is one of the obligatory pillars of Hajj. And on the 10th of Dhul-Hijjah – Yawm an-Nahr [Day of Sacrifices] – pilgrims perform ramy al-jamarat, offer sacrifices, and, after shaving their heads or trimming their hair, proceed to Mecca for the tawaf al-ifadah. However, those present for Hajj neither offer the Eidul-Adha prayer on this day nor do they make the sacrifices of Eid-ul-Adha.

“On the other hand, Muslims residing in the rest of the world celebrate Eid-ulAdha on the 10th of Dhul-Hijjah. Those who are bestowed with the opportunity, in remembrance of the sacrifice of Hazrat Ibrahimas, act upon the continuous sunnah of the Holy Prophetsa and also present their sacrifices to Allah the Exalted.

“The remaining question, which you also alluded to in your enquiry, is whether the Day of ‘Arafah refers to the day when pilgrims are present in the plain of ‘Arafat for Hajj, or does it refer to the date of the 9th of Dhul-Hijjah?

“If by ‘Day of ‘Arafah’ one refers to that day and specific moment when the fortunate individuals performing Hajj stand in the plains of ‘Arafat, then that day and moment could be on the 8th of Dhul-Hijjah in some parts of the world and the 10th of DhulHijjah in others. This is because the moonrise varies across different regions of the world.

“Similarly, in one country, that specific moment might fall during the daytime, while in another, it might be during some part of the night. However, if ‘Day of ‘Arafah’ is taken to mean the day of 9th Dhul-Hijjah, because it is the day on which those fortunate enough to perform Hajj stand in the plains of ‘Arafat in the vicinity of Mecca, based on the moon sighting for the month of Dhul-Hijjah in Mecca, then this day could vary in different parts of the world. This is because people in each region will consider their day based on the 9th date of the lunar month, according to the moonrise in their own locality.

“Hence, the scholars and jurists have differed on these two different scenarios.

Those who consider the difference in moon sightings [in the different localities] valid, believe that in a country where the 9th of Dhul-Hijjah corresponds with the sighting of the moon for that locality, that will be considered their Day of ‘Arafah, and the people there will observe fasting on that day. Their evidence for this is the following instruction of the Holy Prophetsa:

َْ َ ّ ُ َْ َ ُ َ ُ َ ْ ْ ُ ُ ‫ َف ِ​ِإ ْ​ْن ُغ �ّ​ِّبَيَ َ​َعَل ْ​ْيُك ْ​ْم َفَأْك ِ​ِمُلوا ِ​ِع �َّدَة‬،‫وُموا ِل ُِرُْؤَيَ ِ​ِت ِ​ِه َ​َوَأْف ِ​ِط ُ​ُروا ِل ُِرُْؤَيَ ِ​ِت ِ​ِه‬ ‫ُص‬ َ‫اَن َثَ​َلَا ِ​ِثيَن‬ َ ‫َ​َش ْ​ْع َ​َب‬

Beris Creatives | Unsplash

“‘Fast when you see the crescent [of Ramadan], and break your fast when you see the crescent [of Shawwal], and if the evening is overcast, then complete thirty days of Sha‘ban.’ (Sahih al-Bukhari, Kitab assawm, Bab qawli n-nabiyyisa: idha ra’aytumu l-hilala fasumu wa idha ra’aytumuhu fa’ftiru) “This hadith provides guidance about observing the lunar month based on the sighting of the moon.

“So now, if Muslims in Europe, America, Australia, Asia, and other regions start their Ramadan fasts and celebrate Eid according to the moon sightings of distant lands without observing the moon in their own localities, would this method be correct?

According to the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community, such an action is contrary to the above-mentioned guidance of the Holy Prophetsa.

“Contrarily, those who do not consider the variation in moon sighting to be obligatory believe that in today’s age, with rapid transport and instant communication, when the news of the pilgrims’ presence in the plains of ‘Arafat reaches worldwide in real-time, the fast of the Day of ‘Arafah should be observed on the same day the pilgrims perform the wuquf at ‘Arafat, and that Eid-ul-Adha should be celebrated the following day.

“However, an objection to this argument is that there are certain countries where the moon is sighted even before it is in Mecca, meaning that when it is the 10th of Dhul-Hijjah in these countries, it is the Day of ‘Arafah in Mecca. If the people in these countries were to fast on the day when the pilgrims are at ‘Arafat, they would essentially be fasting on their day of Eid. It is well known that Islam prohibits fasting on the day of Eid. “Furthermore, if the variation in celestial timings [such as moon and sunrises] are not considered necessary, then this should apply uniformly to every aspect; for instance, the times for breaking the fast and suhoor should align with the times in Mecca and Medina, and the prayer times should also be set according to the prayer times in Mecca

and Medina, which is impossible. Therefore, if the variations in celestial observations are valid for these matters, they should also be considered valid for determining the commencement of Ramadan fasts, the days of ‘Arafah, ‘Ashura’, and Eids.

“In addition to this, our stance is supported by the narration from Hazrat Ibn Abbas, wherein Hazrat Kurayb narrates that Hazrat Umm Fadl bint Harithra sent him to Syria on behalf of Hazrat Muawiyara.

He states, ‘Upon reaching Syria and having fulfilled the assigned task, I observed the crescent moon on a Friday night. Later, at the end of the month, when I arrived in Medina, the sighting of the moon was discussed with Hazrat Ibn Abbasra. He enquired, ‘When did you observe the crescent moon?’ I replied, ‘We saw it on the night of Friday.’

He further questioned, ‘Did you personally witness it?’ To which I affirmed, yes, and so did the other people, and they commenced their fasts, as did Hazrat Muawiyara. Hazrat Abdullah Ibn Abbasra responded, ‘But we observed the crescent moon on the night of Saturday and we will either complete thirty days or will witness the crescent again.’ I then raised the point, ‘Is not the sighting of Hazrat Muawiyara and his commencement of fasting sufficient?’ Hazrat Ibn Abbasra stated, ‘No! The Holy Prophetsa instructed us to act in this particular manner.’’ (Sahih Muslim, Kitab as-siyam, Bab anna li kulli baladin ru’yatahum wa annahum idha ra’aw al-hilala bi baladin la yathbutu hukmuhu lima ba‘uda ‘anhum) “In light of these directives of the Holy Prophetsa our position is that when the crescent moon appears in a particular locality, the people of that locality should determine the commencement and conclusion of the lunar month based on that sighting. They should celebrate Islamic festivals according to the lunar months, which are based on the appearance of the crescent moon in their own locality.”

(Compiled by Zaheer Ahmad Khan, Head of Records Department, Private Secretariat, London. Translated by Al Hakam.)

Friday 27 October 2023 | AL HAKAM

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Attending to the sick and treating the ailing This series, Zikr-e-Habib, explores the life of Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmadas, the Promised Messiah and Mahdi, and his sayings, shedding light on his noble character and the impact of his teachings on his followers and the world at large.

M Adam Ahmad Al Hakam

The messengers of Allah the Almighty are the greatest healers and caregivers of their time. They manifest God’s mercy through their words and actions, as Allah the Almighty says:

َ ۡ �ٰ ‫َف َِب َِما َُر ْۡح َِم ٍَة �ُِم َۡن الّٰل ِه ِل َِن َ​َت ِل َ َُہ ْۡم‬

“And it is by the great mercy of Allah that thou art kind towards them.” (Surah Aal-e-Imran, Ch.3: V.160) Highlighting a Hadith-e-Qudsi, i.e., saying of the Holy Prophetsa as revealed to him by God Almighty, the Promised Messiahas said: “In one of sahih ahadith, it is narrated that on the Day of Judgement, God Almighty will say, ‘I was hungry and you did not feed Me; I was thirsty and you did not give Me water; and I was sick and you did not enquire about Me.’ Upon this, those being addressed will ask, ‘O our Lord, when was it that You were hungry and we did not feed You? When was it that You were thirsty and we did not quench Your thirst?

And when was it that You were sick and we did not enquire about You?’ In reply, God Almighty will say, ‘A person dear to Me was in need of these things, but you did not show any compassion to him. Treating him kindly would have been similar to showing kindness to Me.’ “Likewise, to another group of people, Allah the Almighty will say, ‘You have done well, as you showed kindness towards Me. When I was hungry, you gave Me food, and when I was thirsty, you quenched My thirst.’

Those people will ask, ‘O our Lord, when did we serve You in this way? We do not know 6 ourselves.’ In response, Allah will say, ‘When you showed compassion to a person dear to Me, you were actually manifesting kindness to Me.’ “Thus, treating servants of God Almighty with kindness and compassion is a very significant act, and it pleases Allah the Almighty so much so that He considers it as if a person is showing kindness to Him.” (Malfuzat [1988], Vol. 4, p. 215) Prophets of God Almighty not only provide spiritual guidance but also help the sick and ailing by attending to them personally and comforting them with divine mercy.

Looking after orphans An orphan child used to live in the house of the paternal cousin of the Promised Messiahas, Mirza Nizamuddin Sahib. After facing some hardships there, he came to the Promised Messiahas. Due to a lack of proper guardianship and edification in his childhood, he was very uncivilised and illmannered. Once he got burnt owing to his mischievous nature and boiling water fell all over his entire body. Prophet Ahmadas was deeply shocked by this, and he got busy treating him. Every day, fresh cotton dressing was applied to his body, and great care was taken.

In the treatment of this orphan child, the Promised Messiahas did not care about his time, nor did he care about the expenses. He did not tolerate any kind of negligence in his treatment or deficiency in his food. Prophet Ahmadas would get everything arranged for that child in front of himself and also comfort him. Referring to the care and kindness of the Promised Messiahas during the illness of this orphan child, Hazrat Maulvi Yaqub Ali Irfanira says: “This child had a very slovenly appearance at the time and had spent the early days of his life in an unfortunate state.

In simple words, he did not belong to any distinguished family or nation. In such circumstances, when a person even gets exhausted looking after their own relatives and loved ones, the Promised Messiahas remained occupied in his treatment for a long time. Not only himself, but all the family members had special instructions regarding him that there should be no negligence in his comfort and treatment.

This is a remarkable example of caring for the orphans and looking after the sick.”

(Sirat Hazrat Masih-e-Maudas [2016], by Hazrat Sheikh Yaqub Ali Irfanira, pp. 278279)

Praying and tending to companions In the year 1904, Hazrat Mufti Muhammad Sadiqra became very ill in Qadian. His mother was also in Qadian at the time, so she went to the Promised Messiahas and requested him to pray for her son’s health.

Upon hearing this request, Prophet Ahmadas said: “We pray for him very frequently. You must have thought you loved Sadiq [more

than anyone else] because he is your son, but I assure you that I love him more than his mother.” (Zikr-e-Habib by Hazrat Mufti Muhammad Sadiqra, p. 257) A very sincere and devoted companion of the Promised Messiahas, Hazrat Maulvi Abdul Karimra Sialkoti, fell seriously ill as a result of carbuncle. Prophet Ahmadas became anxious about his health and prayed fervently before God Almighty. One day, the Promised Messiahas said: “I have prayed significantly. I have prayed so much that if it is not taqdir-emubram [irrevocable divine decree], it will be very beneficial, insha-Allah.”

Prophet Ahmadas then said: “I swear by Allah Almighty that I have never felt this kind of concern and worry, even for my own children.”

The Promised Messiahas continuously prayed for Hazrat Maulvi Abdul Karimra during his illness and provided the best treatment and food for him. Hazrat Maulvi Nuruddin Sahib and two other doctors were always present, and when needed, other doctors were called from outside of Qadian for consultation. Dr Mirza Yaqub Beg Sahib states: “Hazrat Mirza Sahibas did not spare a moment in treating this beloved [Hazrat Abdul Karimra]. If Maulvi [Abdul Karimra] Sahib would express his desire to eat something, Hazrat Sahibas would immediately send a man to bring it from Lahore or Amritsar. […]

“Hazrat Mirza Sahibas spent a lot of money on the treatment of Maulvi Abdul Karimra] Sahib and there was nothing left that could be thought of as being useful for the treatment of Maulvi Sahib, and it was not used for him. How fortunate was Maulvi Sahib that Allah the Almighty provided all the necessary means for his treatment, and the extent of efforts made for him could only be observed in the case of a king or a nawab; otherwise, it is impossible for even the most common affluent people to have such kind of treatment. All this was made possible with the grace and kindness of the Promised Messiahas.” (Sirat Hazrat Masih-eMaudas [2016], by Hazrat Sheikh Yaqub Ali Irfanira, pp. 180-190) Hazrat Mufti Fazl-ur-Rahmanra, another sincere companion of the Promised Messiahas fell seriously ill with typhoid in 1897. The Promised Messiahas used to visit him every day at his house, and he himself treated him and also asked Hazrat Hakeem

Life of the Promised Messiahas is one of the earliest eyewitness accounts on Huzoor’sas life. It was first published in the form of a short series in Al Hakam by Hazrat Maulvi Abdul Karimra.

Maulvi Noor-ud-Dinra to look after him.

(Ibid., 194)

Caring for opponents Even the people who opposed the Promised Messiahas got their fair share of his kindness and mercy in times of distress. The Promised Messiahas said: “As far as showing compassion and kindness towards mankind is concerned, it is part of my faith that one’s heart is not completely purified unless one prays for their opponents as well. […]

“In fact, it is part of my faith that praying for the enemy is also a sunnah of the Holy Prophetsa. […]

“I am grateful [to Allah the Almighty] that I do not find any opponent of mine for whom I have not prayed at least two to three times. Surely, [I have prayed for] every single enemy.” (Malfuzat [1988], Vol. 2, pp.

68-69) Hazrat Sheikh Yaqub Ali Irfanira narrates that Lala Sharampat Rai, a member of the Arya Community and a fierce opponent of the Promised Messiahas, once developed

AL HAKAM | Friday 27 October 2023 a malignant abscess in his stomach, which troubled him immensely and led him to lose hope in life. When Prophet Ahmadas learned of his illness, he frequently visited him to enquire about his health and comforted him with the words, “Don’t worry at all; I will appoint Dr Abdullah and he will carry out your treatment in the best possible way.”

Though he was a strong opponent, Lala Sharampat Rai was so moved by the compassion and kindness of the Promised Messiahas that he would request Huzooras to pray for him. The Promised Messiahas not only prayed for him but constantly consoled him. Prophet Ahmadas continued to visit Lala Sharampat until he regained full health.

(Sirat Hazrat Masih-e-Maudas, pp. 161-162) Likewise, Lala Malawa Mal, an Arya from Qadian who, in his youth, used to visit the Promised Messiahas despite harbouring strong religious prejudice, received the same caring treatment. Mirza Mubarak Ahmad Sahib states: “Several times the Promised Messiah, peace be on him, asked him to bear public witness to Divine signs to which he was an eyewitness. But he always evaded doing so.

It so happened that Malawa Mal began to suffer from tuberculosis and his condition became hopeless. In that situation, he came to the Promised Messiah, peace and blessings of Allah be on him, described his miserable plight, wept bitterly and humbly besought him to pray for his recovery.

This shows how deeply Lala Malawa Mal had been impressed with the Promised Messiah’sas piety.

“The Promised Messiahas took pity on him and prayed earnestly for his recovery.

His prayers were answered in the following Arabic revelation:

ً َ ‫ُ​ُق ْ​ْل َ​َنا َیَا َن َ ُاُر ُ​ُکْوِْنِ ْ​ْى َبَ ْـْر ً​ًدا �َ​َّو َ​َسَل‬ ‫اًما‬

‘O fire, cool down for this youth, and turn into a means of protection and security for him.’

“Soon Lala Malawa Mal recovered from his terrible affliction, which was considered fatal in those days. He lived to be a hundred years, surviving the Promised Messiahas by many years.” (The Promised Messiahas by Mirza Mubarak Ahmad, pp. 30-31) Referring to the above incident, the Promised Messiahas said: “Malawa Mal was afflicted with tuberculosis and when his condition became dangerous, I supplicated on his behalf and received the revelation:

ً َ ‫ُ​ُق ْ​ْل َ​َنا َیَا َن َ ُاُر ُ​ُکْوِْنِ ْ​ْى َبَ ْـْر ً​ًدا �َ​َّو َ​َسَل‬ ‫اًما‬

“That is [Arabic] ‘O fire of fever, cool down.’

“Then I saw in a dream that I had pulled him out of the grave. He was informed both of the revelations and of the dream before the events occurred. (Tadhkirah [English], pp. 51-52; Shahna-e-Haqq, Ruhani Khazain, Vol. 2, p. 381)

Treating patients day and night Once, a well-known religious leader fell seriously ill and appeared to be at the point of death. At midnight, a companion went to the Promised Messiah’sas house. As it was completely dark, he gently requested Prophet Ahmadas from outside his room.

When the companion told him how ill the religious leader was, the Promised Messiahas prayed for him and then mixed some

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medicine for him and said, “Make him drink this. God will save him.”

When the cleric began to recover on the very next day, the Promised Messiahas said: “Prayer is the real weapon in the armoury of a believer,” and he also told his companion, ‘The medicine was only a palliative.” (Ahmad[as], The Guided One, p.

230) Hazrat Maulvi Abdul Karimra Sialkoti relates: “On certain occasions, village ladies will come to ask for medicine, and they will knock on the door loudly and say in their simple, village tongue, ‘Mirza Ji! Open the door, will you?’ The Promised Messiahas will stand up as one obeys the call of an honourable master, and will speak to them and advise them with a cheerful face.” (Life of the Promised Messiahas, pp. 56-57) Mirza Mubarak Ahmad Sahib narrates that Hazrat Sahibzada Mirza Bashir Ahmadra said: “Amtullah Bibi of Khost, Afghanistan, reported to me that when she came to Qadian with her father, she was of tender age, and suffered from bad eye trouble so seriously that sometimes, on account of extreme pain caused by inflammation, she could not even open her eyes. She had undergone much treatment, but to no effect.

The trouble continued to increase.

“One day, when her mother tried to apply medicine to her eyes, she became frightened and ran away, saying, ‘I shall have my eyes blown into by Hazrat [Ahmadas].’ With great difficulty, she went to the Promised Messiahas, and said, weeping, ‘I have severe trouble in my eyes, and I am agitated by severe pain caused by inflammation. I cannot even open my eyes; please blow into my eyes.’ Seeing that my eyes were swollen and I was in an agony of pain, he moistened his finger with his saliva, paused for a while (he was, perhaps, praying) and then very gently and affectionately passed his finger gently over my eyes. Then, placing his hand on my head, he said, ‘Go, my child, now, by the Grace of Allah, you will never have this trouble again.’ Since then, I have never had sore and inflamed eyes, although I am now an old woman of seventy.

“She was only ten years old when the Promised Messiah, peace be on him, blew into her eyes and passed over them, his finger moistened with his saliva. In other words, for sixty years, the spiritual amulet of the Promised Messiah, peace be on him, did what no medicine had been able to achieve.”

(The Promised Messiahas, by Mirza Mubarak Ahmad, pp. 37-38)

Sparing time for the sick in a hectic routine Hazrat Maulvi Abdul Karimra states: “In our country, even the educated classes give little value to the importance of time, so villagers are naturally all the more prone to waste time.

“Sometimes a lady will begin rambling about useless things, and some will begin to complain about their own domestic issues – about their mother-in-law and sister-in-law – and this will waste a whole hour, but the Promised Messiahas will sit and listen with patience and dignity. He will not openly say or even indicate slightly that enough is enough; you should go now; you have your medicine; what more do you want? You are wasting my time. Ultimately, the lady will

A medicine chest belonging to the Promised Messiahas “It so happened that I also came over and I was astonished to see that His Holiness, [Prophet Ahmadas] was standing active and alert in the likeness of an Englishman standing on duty, ready and vigilant, and he had five or six medicine chests open. He was dispensing various medicines from small glass vials and bottles to some and giving essences to others. This dispensary remained open for some three hours. The clinic continued serving its patients.” (Life of the Promised Messiahas, pp. 57-56)

stand up, alarmed at how much time it has been, and then leave.

“Once, quite a few village ladies came to have their children seen, and at the same time, a few of the lady attendants working in the house also came to benefit from this opportunity. At the time, the Promised Messiahas needed to write a very important treatise of a religious nature, and time was of the essence. It so happened that I also came over and I was astonished to see that His Holiness, [Prophet Ahmadas] was standing active and alert in the likeness of an Englishman standing on duty, ready and vigilant, and he had five or six medicine chests open. He was dispensing various medicines from small glass vials and bottles to some and giving essences to others. This dispensary remained open for some three hours. The clinic continued serving its patients.

“Afterwards, I submitted, ‘Your Holiness, this is a great inconvenience to you, and much of your valuable time is wasted.’

Holy is Allah! He responded to me with joy and satisfaction, ‘This too is religious work.

These are people in need. There is no hospital nearby. It is for the sake of these people that I order and store all sorts of allopathic and Graeco-Arab medication, which proves beneficial when the time comes.’

“The Promised Messiahas went on to say, ‘This is a task that brings great spiritual reward. A believer must never show indolence and unconcern for such work.’” (Life of the Promised Messiahas, pp. 57-56)

Attending wife and children with compassion The Promised Messiahas loved his children and cared for his wife in the most affectionate manner. He would give them so much attention in their illness and become so preoccupied with looking after them and providing them medicine that it seemed as though he had no other responsibilities in the world.

Hazrat Umme Nasir, Sayyidah Mahmudah Begum Sahibara said: “Once, Hazrat Amma Janra was ill, and the Promised Messiahas was taking care

of her. While Huzooras was standing and administering medicine, Hazrat Amma Janra got anxious and exclaimed, ‘Oh, I am going to pass away. What would happen to you? I think my life is about to end.’

“The Promised Messiahas gently whispered to her, ‘If you pass away, what is there for me to live for?’” (Seerat Hazrat Sayyidat-un-Nisa Nusrat Jahan Begum Sahiba, by Hazrat Mahmud Ahmad Irfanira, p. 394) On the other hand, when the Promised Messiah’sas first daughter, Ismat, became very ill, Huzooras tended to and cared for her day and night. Likewise, Prophet Ahmadas spent many sleepless nights attending to his son, Mirza Mubarak Ahmad, during his illness. However, when they passed away in their childhood, the Promised Messiahas submitted to the decree of Allah the Almighty and did not say a word of discontentment.

Conclusion The holy personages of prophets serve as a blessed reminder that divine mercy and human kindness are interwoven in a world that is rife with pain and suffering. They inspire us by their profound examples to reach out to the sick and ailing and, eventually, by serving others, become instruments of Allah the Almighty’s limitless mercy, continuing the prophets’ legacy for generations to come, as Prophet Ahmadas said: “The Prophets are first and foremost in offering sacrifices for the cause of Allah.

Everyone strives for himself, but Prophets, peace be upon them, strive for others.

People sleep, yet they stay awake for them; people laugh, yet they weep for them.

They willingly bear every hardship for the deliverance of mankind. They do all this so that God Almighty may manifest Himself so that it should be proved to people that God exists, and His existence and His Tawhid [Unity of Allah] may be clearly perceived by the eager hearts so that they might attain salvation.” (The Philosophy of Divine Revelation [Haqiqatul Wahi], p. 137)

Friday 27 October 2023 | AL HAKAM

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Incomparable courage of the Holy Prophet’s Companions Jazeb Hafeez Student Jamia Ahmadiyya UK

Throughout history, there have been innumerable figures who have epitomised and shown incredible bravery and courage in the face of hardship and suffering. The Companions of the Prophet Muhammadsa were exemplars of bravery; their unwavering levels of courage and loyalty left a permanent mark on the pages of history.

These extraordinary individuals stood alongside the Holy Prophet Muhammadsa in times of unimaginable pain and torture in the early days of Islam. These men and women sacrificed their lives, wealth, time, and honour for the sake of Islam.

From the stories of the early converts to the titan warriors who later entered the fold of Islam, the companions fearlessly followed the path of righteousness, leaving behind such examples of morality and compassion that have inspired generations and continue to do so.

This article aims to delve into the remarkable acts of bravery and courage displayed by the companions of the Holy Prophetsa, exploring the great impact of their bravery and the lessons we can take from their examples.

Character of the Holy Prophet’ssa Companions I would like to briefly mention one incident that summarises the levels of bravery and loyalty of these Companions. The Holy Quran states regarding the Jewish companions of Hazrat Musaas:

َۡ ۡ َ َ� ً َ َ ۤ َ َ ُ ۡ َ� ۡ َ َ� ۤ ۡ ُ ٰ ۡ ُ َ ُ ‫َد‬ ‫ا‬ َ ‫َّم‬ ‫ا‬ ‫َاۡن َ​َت‬ ‫ِفِ ۡ​ۡی َ​َہا َفاۡذ َ​َہ ۡ​ۡب‬ ‫اُمۡوۡا‬ ‫َاَبًد‬ ‫َّنۡدُخَلَہۤا‬ ‫َلۡن‬ ‫ِاَّنا‬ ‫ی‬ ِ ‫ٰیُمۡوٰۤس‬ ‫َقاُلۡوا‬ ٰ َ ٰ َ� ۤ َ َ َ َ ُ� َ َ ‫ٰق ِ​ِع ُ​ُد ۡ​ۡو َ​َن‬ ‫ٰہ ُ​ُہَنا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ِاَّن‬ ِ ‫َوَرُّبَک َفَقا ِ​ِتَلۤا‬

Meaning, “They said, ‘O Moses, we will never enter it, so long as they are in it. So go thou and thy Lord and fight, [and] here we sit.’” (Surah al-Ma’idah, Ch.5: V.25) Similarly, regarding the Companions of Prophet Jesusas, in the Bible it states, “But Jesus asked him, ‘Judas, are you betraying the Son of Man with a kiss?’” (Luke 22:.4749) However, despite facing many hardships and trials, the Companions of the Holy Prophetsa had a completely different and distinct mindset in comparison to the companions of Mosesas and Jesusas. This can be seen in the incident of Hazrat Miqdad bin Aswadra in the build-up to the Battle of Badr. The Muslims were outnumbered three to one, and fear and panic had slowly begun rippling through the ranks of the

Muslims. At this moment, Hazrat Miqdad bin Aswadra stood up and passionately said to the Holy Prophetsa:

َْ ْ َ ُ ُ ُ‫اَل لَاَ َنَُق‬ َ ‫اَل َ​َقْوْ ُ​ُم ُ​ُم‬ َ ‫وُل َ​َك َ​َما َ​َق‬ َ َ‫َ​َفَق‬ ‫وَسى ‏{‏اْذ َ​َه ْ​ْب َأْن َ​َت َ​َو َ​َر �ُّبَك‬ َ َ َ ْ َ ُ َُ � َ​َ َ َ َ َ ْ َ ‫يِنَك َ​َو َ​َع ْ​ْن ِ​ِش َ​َماِلَِك َ​َوَبَْي َ​َن َ​َي َ​َد ْ​ْيَك‬ ِ ‫َفَقا ِ​ِتلَا‏}‏ َوَل ِ​ِك َ​َّنا ُنَقا ِ​ِت َُل َعْن َي ِ​ِم‬ َ َ َ ََْ ْ َ � �ٰ ‫‏ َف َ​َرَأ ْ​ْي ُ​ُت الَّن ِ​ِب �َ​َّي صلى الّٰله عليه وسلم َأْش َ​َرَق َ​َو ْ​ْج ُ​ُه ُ​ُه‬.‫َ​َوَخْلَفَك‏‬ َ َ َ ‫‏‬.‫‏ َي ْ​ْع ِ​ِني َق ْ​ْوَلَ ُ​ُه‏‬.‫َ​َو َ​َس �َّر ُ​ُه‏‬

“We will not say, as the People of Mosesas said: ‘Go you and your Lord and fight you two’. But we shall fight on your right and on your left, in front of you and behind you.” The narrator then adds that the Holy Prophetsa was delighted by this, and his face filled up with happiness. (Sahih al-Bukhari, Hadith 288) Despite understanding the severity of the situation and the risk to life that there was, the Companions were ready to lay down their lives for Islam and embrace death happily. This incident highlights the bravery and courage of these men and their love for their beloved master.

The reason why these companions had the highest levels of moral conduct and bravery was because the greatest human to ever exist walked among them, and they learned every small detail from him. Hence, this means that if the Companions were brave, the bravest out of all of them had to be Muhammadsa. In the books of hadith we find regarding the Holy Prophetsa:

Beris Creatives | Unsplash

Hazrat Abu Bakr Siddiquera َ� ُ ْ َ ُ ُ َ ّ‫َ ْ ٰ� ْ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ ْ ُ َ ّي‬ ‫اِس َبَ ْ​ْع َ​َد‬ ‫ َيُقوُل َخْيُر‬،‫ َقاَل َس ِ​ِمْعُت َعِل ا‬،‫َعْب ِ​ِد الّٰل ِ​ِه ْب ِ​ِن َسَلَمَة‬ ِ ‫الَّن‬ َ� ُ ْ َ َ ْ َ ُ َ ِ �ٰ �ٰ َ َ ْ َُ ْ ُ َ َ َ� َ ُ َ ْ َ� َ ْ َ ‫اِس َبْعَد‬ � َ � َ َ � َ� َ ‫وِل الّٰل ِ​ِه ـ صلى الّٰله عليه وسلم ـ َأُبو َبْك ٍ​ٍر َوَخْيُر الَّن‬ ِ ‫َرُس‬ ُ ِ َ َ ‫‏‬.‫ِإَِذا اْحَمَّر اْلَبْأُس َنَّت ِ​ِقي ِ​ِب ِ​ِه َوِإَِّن الُّشَجاَع ِ​ِمَّنا َلَّل ِ​ِذي ُيَحا ِ​ِذي ِ​ِب ِ​ِه ‏‬ ْ ُ‫َأِبي َبَْك ٍ​ٍر ُ​ُع َ​َمُر‬ َ� �ٰ َ ِ ‫‏‬.‫َي ْ​ْعِنِي الَّن ِ​ِب �َّيَ صلى الّٰله عليه وسلم ‏‬ “When the battle grew fierce, we, by God, would seek protection by his side.

And the bravest among us was he who confronted the onslaught, and it was the Prophetsa.” (Sahih Muslim, Hadith 1776b) If we look at recent conflicts in the last 100 years or so, we see that most war generals and commanders-in-chief rarely fight on the front lines. In the First and Second World Wars, the British and German generals would be hundreds of miles away from the frontlines and would often indulge in luxurious foods completely safe from all the danger, while their men would be dying from hunger and starvation. However, the Holy Prophetsa fought his battles with the Companions on the ground. And instead of hiding away or being the most protected, from this hadith, we can see that he would fight in the most severe parts of the battle. And, despite all his enemies targeting him, he would place his full trust in Allah and go forth fighting without any fear. This was his noble example.

“It was narrated that ‘Abdullah bin Salimah said: “I heard ‘Ali say: ‘The best of people after Allah’s Messengersa is Abu Bakrra, and the best of people after Abu Bakrra is ‘Umarra’” (Sunan ibn Majah, Hadith 106) Hazrat Abu Bakrra stood by the Holy Prophetsa in every situation. He was the closest friend of the Holy Prophetsa and was one of the first people to accept Islam at his hands. During the Battle of Badr, when the Companions had decided to guard the tent of the Holy Prophetsa, Hazrat Abu Bakrra took the first step forward and offered his protection. He was also given the largest flag in the Battle of Tabuk and upheld this responsibility with great care and loyalty.

Even when he became the first Khalifa of Islam, Hazrat Abu Bakrra bravely fought and defeated great uprisings that began to unfold in Islam. Some people once asked the Companions who the bravest companion was during the lifetime of the Holy Prophetsa. They responded by saying: “The bravest among them was considered to be the one who stood by the Holy Prophetsa the most, especially

during battle. This was the most dangerous place to be in terms of the threat of an enemy attack. Hence, only the bravest person, and often, it was Hazrat Abu Bakrra standing next to the Holy Prophetsa, and so the Companions said that they saw him to be the bravest. Similarly, just as Gabriel accompanied the Holy Prophetsa on the Night Journey, so too did Hazrat Abu Bakrra accompany the Holy Prophetsa during his migration.” (www.alhakam.org/ friday-sermon-men-of-excellence-hazratabu-bakr-25-november-2022/)

An incident of Hazrat Alira ibn Abi Talib The Companions not only displayed bravery during wars and battles but also showed no fear in any sort of situation they were faced with. Hazrat Ali ibn Abi Talibra was a brave and skilled warrior and participated in most battles alongside the Holy Prophetsa. Often in wars, before the actual war would begin, three warriors from each side would step up in a oneto-one combat. The Holy Prophetsa would often choose Hazrat Alira demonstrating his skill and bravery, but this also shows the level of trust the Holy Prophetsa had in Hazrat Alira.

When the evil leaders of the Quraish decided that the only method left to end Islam and to stop it from spreading was

AL HAKAM | Friday 27 October 2023 to assassinate the Holy Prophetsa, they lay siege to his house and waited like vultures to kill him. However, despite the danger and fear at the time, the Holy Prophetsa asked Hazrat Alira to act as a decoy and sleep in his bed for the night. Hazrat Alira without hesitating said yes and wrapped himself in a cloak similar to that of the Holy Prophetsa and posed as him whilst the Holy Prophetsa quietly slipped away from beneath the noses of the enemies at nightfall. Hazrat Alira was so loyal to the Holy Prophetsa and loved him immensely, so much so that it is narrated by Hazrat Hubshi bin Junadahra that the Holy Prophetsa stated:

َ َ َ َ� � َ َ​َ � ‫‏ َ​َع ِ​ِل ٌ�ٌّي ِ​ِم ِ​ِّني َ​َوَأَنا ِ​ِم ْ​ْن َ​َع ِ​ِل �ٍ​ٍّي َ​َولَا ُ​ُي َ​َؤ �ِ​ِّدي َ​َع ِ​ِّني ِإِلَّا َأَنا َأ ْ​ْو َ​َع ِ​ِل ٌ�ٌّي‬

Meaning that “Alira is from me, and I am from Alira. And none should represent me except myself or Alira.” The following morning, the Quraish leaders were left fuming when they found Hazrat Alira in bed instead of the Holy Prophetsa. And again, a beautiful example of Hazrat Ali’sra bravery can be seen.

Hazrat Talhara bin Ubaidullah Hazrat Talhara was among the ten companions who were given glad tidings of paradise during the lifetime of the Prophetsa. He is especially remembered for his bravery shown during the battle of Uhud, in which he raised his hand to defend the blessed countenance of the Prophetsa).

Hazrat Musleh-e-Maudra, regarding this incident, writes: “A few companions rushed to the Holy Prophetsa and formed a ring around him.

They could not have been more than thirty in total. The Meccan army attacked this ring fiercely, where the Holy Prophetsa was stood. One by one, the Muslims in the ring fell under the blows of Meccan swordsmen. Aside from the Meccans, who were with swords, from the hill, the archers sent volleys of arrows towards the Holy Prophetsa. (Upon witnessing that the enemy was relentlessly firing arrows), at that time, Talha, one of the Quraysh and the Muhajirin (Meccan Muslims who had taken refuge in Medina), saw that the enemy arrows were all directed to the face of the Prophetsa. He stretched out his hand and held it up against the Prophet’ssa face.

Arrow after arrow struck Talha’sra hand, yet this brave and valiant warrior did not allow his hand to move. With each shot, Talha’s hand was pierced through. Ultimately, it was completely mutilated, and Talhara lost his hand.

“Many years later, during the time of the Fourth Khalifa of Islam, when internal dissensions had raised their head, Talhara was tauntingly described by an enemy as the handless Talha. One companion replied, ‘Handless, yes, but do you know where he lost his hand? At the Battle of Uhud, in which he raised his hand to shield the Prophet’ssa face from the enemy’s arrows.’ Long after the Battle of Uhud someone asked Talhara, ‘Did not your hand hurt under the arrow shots and the pain make you cry in anguish?’ Talhara replied, ‘Indeed it hurt me, and it almost made me cry in anguish, but I resisted both because I knew that if my hand shook even slightly, it would expose the Prophet’ssa face to the volley of enemy arrows.’” (Deebacha Tafsirul-Quran, Anwarul Ulum, Vol. 20, p. 250)

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This incident shows how much love and concern the companions had for the protection of the Holy Prophetsa that despite having to lose their limbs, these men smiled in the face of the enemy and took every ounce of pain to protect their Beloved This example of sacrifice and bravery is truly inspirational.

Hazrat Abdullah bin Rawahahra In one of his Friday sermons, regarding the blessed examples of the companions, Beloved Huzooraa mentioned of the bravery of Hazrat Abdullah bin Rawahahra.

Huzooraa stated: “Hazrat Abdullahra bin Rawaha demonstrated great mettle in the battlefield.

Hazrat Nu‘man bin Bashir would later on narrate, “When Hazrat Ja‘farra was martyred, Hazrat Abdullahra bin Rawaha’s name was called, who, at the time, was to the side of the army. He came forward while addressing himself in the following couplet from his war poetry” the translation of which is: “O my soul! Will you not battle in such a manner that you give up your life? You have already entered the pool of death, and the time for the fulfilment of your desire to attain martyrdom is nigh. If you were to offer your life as a tribute right now, then perhaps you will obtain a good ending.”

“Mus‘abra bin Shiba narrates: “‘After the martyrdom of Hazrat Zaidra and Hazrat Ja‘farra, Hazrat Abdullahra bin Rawaha came to the front lines. A spear struck him, and a stream of blood gushed forth. He raised his hands, caught this blood and rubbed it on his face, after which he fell down in the middle of the army lines of the enemy and the Muslims.

However, he continued to encourage the Muslims as their army general until his last breath. While motivating the Muslims in a most effective and passionate manner, he sought their help and said, ‘Look, O Muslims! Your brother’s body is lying in front of the enemy. Come forward and push the enemy away from this path and drive them out.’” hence, at that moment, the Muslims fiercely and successively attacked the enemies so much so that Hazrat ‘Abdullah also attained martyrdom.’

(Usdul Ghabah, vol. 3, pp. 237-238, Bab Abdullahra bin Rawaha, Darul Kutub al‘ilmiyah, Beirut 1996; www.alislam.org/ friday-sermon/2018-03-16.html)” The high level of bravery and zeal shown by the companions of the Holy Prophetsa was not only limited to just the male companions; rather, many of the female companions also exhibited parallel levels of bravery and courage.

Muslim women. The following incident shows exactly this quality of hers.

“On this delicate occasion, many brave men wavered, but this brave woman stood steadfast against the attacks of the enemy.

When one non-believer attacked her suddenly with a sword, she defended the blow with her shield, and the non-believer ran away. When he attacked her again, she stopped him with her shield again and swung her sword with such force at the feet of his horse, that both the horse and the rider fell to the ground. The Holy Prophetsa witnessed this entire incident. He asked her son Abdullahra to go help his mother.

Abdullahra immediately ran to aid Hazrat Umm Umarahra and killed that nonbeliever. At the same time, another nonbeliever attacked Abdullahra and wounded his left arm. Hazrat Umm Umarahra immediately put a bandage around her son’s wound and said, “Son! Go fight till your last breath!” When the Holy Prophetsa saw her sacrifice, he said:

‫من يطيق ما يطيقين يا ام عمارة‬ “O Umm Umarahra! No one has the strength you possess!”

That very instant, the non-believer returned and attacked them again. The Holy Prophetsa warned her, “Beware, Umm Umarahra! He is the same person who wounded Abdullahra earlier!” Hazrat Umm Umarahra launched her sword at the attacker with such vengeance, she cut him into two pieces. Hazrat Umm Umarahra narrates, “The Holy Prophetsa

laughed at this so much that his teeth were visible, and he said, ‘O Umm Umarahra!

You took revenge from him after all!’” At that moment, an insolent man threw a stone at the Holy Prophetsa and broke two of his teeth. A non-believer named Ibne-Qami’ah then threw some more stones at the Holy Prophetsa which caused some pieces of his armour to pierce into his cheek. The Muslim soldiers immediately transferred their attention to the wounded Prophetsa.

Ibn-e-Qami’ah launched on his horse again and swung his sword at the Holy Prophetsa. Hazrat Umm Umarahra was standing nearby, so she took this attack on her shield and attacked Ibn-e-Qami’ah back. Since he was wearing double armour, her sword couldn’t wound him, and it fell to the ground. Ibn-e-Qami’ah attacked her back and deeply wounded her shoulder.

However, he could not dare return for another attack and ran off.” (Umm Umarahra, Nafisa Bashir, pp. 9-11) In conclusion, the above-mentioned incidents are just a few of the examples showing the bravery of the companions of the Holy Prophetsa. They showed the highest levels of bravery, courage, commitment and loyalty to Islam and the Prophetsa. Their astonishing contributions on and off the battlefield serve as a reminder of what can be achieved by humanity when following the path of righteousness and faith and trust in Allah. May Allah enable us all to learn from and instil these examples into ourselves also. Amin.

Hazrat Umm Umarahra Hazrat Umm Umarah bint Haritha, may Allah be pleased with her,was a wellknown companion of the Holy Prophetsa.

She proved to people that women could be as brave as men when needed. Hazrat Umm Umarahra tirelessly participated in many battles alongside the Holy Prophetsa demonstrating bravery and courage on many occasions. She was renowned for her skill in nursing and treating the wounded, as well as providing support on the battlefield. She could also fight when needed. Hence, her very character and service serve as an inspiration to other

Yusuf Mansoor | Unsplash

Friday 27 October 2023 | AL HAKAM

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Khilafat-e-Ahmadiyya, Tahrik-e-Jadid, and propagation of Islam to all corners of the world Ata-ul-Haye Nasir Al Hakam

In this era, Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmadas of Qadian, the Promised Messiah and Mahdi, brought a true understanding of the Islamic teachings in accordance with the Holy Quran and the sunnah of the Holy Prophet Muhammadsa. He dispelled the false notions and inferences that had led Muslims astray. After him, his Khulafa are continuing his mission and propagating the true teachings of Islam.

On 22 February 1920, during his lecture in Amritsar, Hazrat Musleh-e-Maud, Mirza Bashir-ud-Din Mahmud Ahmadra said: “[The Promised Messiahas] proclaimed that God has given him the following glad tiding: ‫��ى��ز���روں��ؤں�۔‬ “[‘I shall carry your message to the ends of the earth.’ (Tadhkirah [English], p. 407)] “He also announced that God Almighty has told him the following:

َ� َ ْ َ َ ْ ُ َ َ َ ُ ْ َ َ َ َ ‫اُس‬ ِ ‫َفَحاْن اْن �ْعاْن و�ْعُرَف َبيَن اِلَن‬

“Meaning, ‘The time has come that you should be helped and be recognised among people.’ [Tadhkirah [English], p. 289] “Then he announced after having received the glad tiding from God Almighty that: �‫د��ا���آ��د��اُس��ل���دخاا��ل�ے‬ ‫اور�ےزورآور�ں�اُس������دے�۔‬ “Meaning, ‘A Warner came unto the world, but the world accepted him not; yet God shall accept him and demonstrate his truthfulness with mighty assaults.’

Daily Telegraph and Daily News, 22 January 1949

(Tadhkirah [English], p. 128) [...]

“After his claim, he gained such fame in the world that there is no country or place whose people are unaware of him; his name spread to every country and nation.” (“Truthfulness and progress of Islam: Hazrat Muslehe-Maud’s lecture at the Vande Mataram Hall in Amritsar, 1920 – Part 2”, Al Hakam, 16 June 2023, Issue 274, p. 12) The formal establishment of the Ahmadiyya Muslim missions outside of British India began in 1913, when a mission was established in England, followed by a mission in Mauritius and many more in the following years.

In 1934, the Majlis-e-Ahrar’s opposition to Ahmadiyyat was at its peak. On one hand, the Ahrar desired to efface Ahmadiyyat from the face of the earth, on the other, Hazrat Musleh-e-Maudra launched the grand scheme of Tahrike-Jadid to spread the message of Islam Ahmadiyyat in the whole world.

For chronological details about the blessed scheme of Tahrik-e-Jadid, see “Tahrik-e-Jadid: The magnum opus of Hazrat Musleh-e-Maud” (Al Hakam, Issue 137, 138 and 139), and for details on Ahrar’s opposition to Ahmadiyyat, see “Historical analysis of Ahrar’s anti-Ahmadiyya agitation” (Al Hakam, Issue 290, 291 and 292).

Through the blessed scheme of Tahrike-Jadid, various missions and mosques were established around the world, with the aim to propagate the beautiful teachings of Islam.

In January 1949, the Daily Telegraph and Daily News of Sydney, Australia, published an article titled “Moslems mean to convert us”, by Irene Hanstatter: “Mirza Bashir Ud Din Mahmud Ahmed[ra], Chief of the Ahmadiyya Moslem Community, which has its headquarters at Lahore (Pakistan), intends to send a missionary to Australia.

“He’s got missionaries in England and many European countries and thinks it [is] time he tackled the Dominions.

“He believes Australia will be [a] hard country to convert to the Islamic religion, especially as the immigration laws make it difficult for Indians to infiltrate into the community. So he wants to start as soon as possible.

“The Imam (leader) of the London Mosque, Mushtaq Ahmad Bajwa, has sent a vanguard of literature to Australia, but expects the missionary to Australia will go fresh from a training course in Pakistan.

“Australians will have a clue to what’s likely to happen after Mahmud Ahmed’s[ra] man arrives, when they know what goes on with London’s Moslem Community. In the last few weeks: “(i) The Imam’s fezzed missionaries (men only) conducted a leaflet campaign in London’s West End streets. “(ii) A Bristol Bank clerk turned Moslem missionary — Bryan Orchard, renamed Bashir Ahmed Orchard — went up to the north of England to find a good site for a new mosque. “(iii) Plans were completed for an additional mosque to be built in West London in the grounds of the Islamic Cultural Centre.

“There are four mosques in England — two in London, one in Woking (Surrey), and one in Gloucestershire.

“The Imam Bajwa’s mosque, ‘the London Mosque,’ is the loveliest. Its white minarets tower, incredibly Arabian-Nightsish, above the grey, prosaic streets of the suburb of Southfields.

“There are about 2000 English Moslems in England, 400 of them Londoners. [...]

“The Imam is cheerfully confident that Moslems will convert the rest of England and the world to the faith. He has two main reasons:

“First, the Islamic faith, he says, is more rational than the Christian, and therefore more comforting.

“Second, the Prophet Mohammed[sa] said, ‘The sun will rise in the West,’ which can only be interpreted (says the Imam) as ‘Islam’s sun will rise in the West.’

“The literature the Islamic missionaries hand out seeks to convert Christians by proving that Christ did not die on the cross, but went to India, where his tomb ‘still exists in Kashmir.’

“In Germany recently there have been quite a few converts to the Islamic faith, especially in Hamburg. [...]

“Helping English women converts to follow the teachings of the Prophet[sa] is the Imam’s wife, who arrived in England in 1946.” (Daily Telegraph and Daily News, 22 January 1949, p. 14) In July 1949, the Sunday Telegraph of Sydney, Australia, mentioned a tabligh event arranged by the Ahmadi missionaries in the Netherlands – Hafiz Qudratullah Sahib and Ghulam Ahmad Bashir Sahib. The article, titled “Hell was only a hospital”, stated: “Hafiz and Bashir are missionaries for the Moslem Ahmadiyya sect, whose 1,000,000 members have made proselytising one of their major works. Ahmadiyya Moslems already have mosques in Paris, London, Berlin, and Chicago.

“Islam’s missionaries to Holland, however, have not had easy going.

“First schooled in their own soft Urdu, they had to learn the harsh Dutch language.

AL HAKAM | Friday 27 October 2023 Then they tirelessly passed out leaflets (20,000 a year), at big city railroad stations,” and “among downtown shopping crowds.

“Five times daily, Hafiz and Bashir spread their prayer mats, and, facing toward Mecca, go solemnly through the Moslem prayer ritual. “‘Sometimes,’ says Bashir, ‘we get awfully homesick; then we work very hard and pray to forget it.’ [...]

“Nervous Archivist Plet van Wijk, 41, made a glowing speech about the beauty of Islamic prayer.

“Suave, moustached Zeno de Lyon explained that Islam always taught the middle road. “‘With their system,’ said Zeno, ‘one can avoid both Communism and capitalism.’

“Hafiz and Bashir denounce the doctrine of original sin. “‘How cruel,’ says Hafiz ‘to think a newborn baby is a sinner.’

“Bashir adds cheerfully: ‘Islam says Heaven is eternal, but that Hell is only temporary. Hell is like a hospital, a place where people get better.

“In two years, Hafiz and Bashir have made 10 Dutch converts (four of them women).

“About 40 people attend their monthly meetings.

“Yet Hafiz and Bashir are sure all Holland will be Moslem in 100 years.”

(Sunday Telegraph, 24 July 1949, p. 28) On 25 May 1958, The Sunday Times of London published an article “Fanning the Flame of Islam”. It was the concluding article of a series by Elspeth Joscelin Huxley, reporting on her visit to East Africa. In this article, she mentioned the Muslim communities of East Africa, and also mentioned the services of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community to propagate Islam and translate the Holy Quran into various

The Barrier Miner, 6 January 1954

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languages.

Elspeth Joscelin Huxley (1907-1997) was an English writer, journalist, broadcaster, and government adviser. She wrote over 40 books.

In her above-mentioned article, she wrote: “At the other extreme lies the Ahmadiyya sect, which holds the interesting belief that Jesus[as], far from dying on the Cross, made his way to Kashmir and is buried at Srinagar; and that the Second Coming was fulfilled in the person of Mirza Ghulam Ahmad[as] Quadiani, who died in 1908. Although most of its adherents are Punjabis, the sect has mosques in Britain, Holland, Germany, the United States and elsewhere.

“In East Africa, it maintains several newspapers and has translated the Quran into Kiswahili, with a first printing of 10,000; a new Kikuyu translation is on the way. Among the peoples of the Lake Victoria basin, now active in Kenya politics, Ahmadiyya missionaries are gaining converts steadily; in fact the sect, which started in Tanganyika, appears to be spreading in most parts of Eastern Africa.

“Its missionaries, sent over from Pakistan, are mostly men of impressive intellect and force of character, and the rule, that every adherent must give one-tenth of his income to further his faith, provides funds for further advance. [...]

“The faith spreads slowly, from man to man. In places it is stagnant, and no doubt Islam has its renegades like every other faith. But by reason of its dignity, the straightforward discipline, the fellowship of the mosque and, above all, its tolerance of African marriage customs and approval of polygamy, Islam makes a strong appeal.”

(The Sunday Times, 25 May 1958, p. 20) The Promised Messiahas brought a true understanding of the Holy Quran to the world, dispelling the false notions and inferences attributed to the Most Perfect Book. After him, his Khulafa are continuing his mission and propagating the true teachings of the Holy Quran. For this purpose, under the guidance of Khilafate-Ahmadiyya, Jamaat-e-Ahmadiyya has been able to translate the Holy Quran into various languages of the world.

In 1915, the first part of the English translation of the Holy Quran with explanatory notes was published, which was based on the commentary by Hazrat Musleh-e-Maudra.

The Jewish Herald of Melbourne, Australia, published a review on this translation, and stated: “A new English translation is now being prepared by a society in India for the advancement of the Muslim religion, called Anjuman-i-Taraqqi-i-Islam. A few months ago we received a specimen page or two of the translation, and, as we intimated in a brief notice at the time, were favourably impressed with the plan of the projected work. We have now been favoured with a copy of the first completed instalment of the book, and can only say that the progress thus far made amply fulfils the promise given at the inception of the undertaking.

The scale on which the work is designed may be inferred from the fact that the First Part, which consists of 117 large pages (and of which, by-the-way, the typography and general get-up are admirable), is only onethirtieth of the Quran. […]

“This new translation of the Quran, besides its interest for the general reader and the inquirer into the rise and growth of religious systems, should prove of particular value to the student of Arabic, who will find the inclusion of the original text a great convenience. From the linguistic and literary point of view, the Quran, in diction and style, is by common consent regarded as the standard of pure classical Arabic.

The light this language often throws upon obscure and difficult points of Hebrew, with which language it has a family affinity, gives it a claim to the serious attention of such of our co-religionists as are desirous of acquiring a thorough knowledge of their own sacred tongue.” (The Jewish Herald, 15 December 1916, p. 12) The Harvard Theological Review of October 1917 and The Civil and Military Gazette of 10 August 1916 also published reviews on this translation of the Holy Quran.

During his Friday Sermon on 20 October 1944, Hazrat Musleh-e-Maudra called the attention of the Jamaat towards translating the Holy Quran into eight major languages of the world, including Russian, French, German, Italian, Spanish, and Portugees.

(Khutbat-e-Mahmud, Vol. 25, pp. 594-597) Thereafter, in accordance with Hazrat Musleh-e-Maud’sra advice, Jamaat-eAhmadiyya has been able to translate the Holy Quran into various languages.

The Dutch translation of the Holy Quran was published in 1953. Mentioning this, The Barrier Miner of Broken Hill, Australia, wrote: “The Hague: A new Dutch translation of the sacred book of the Mohammedans, the Koran, was recently printed and published by the South Holland Publishing Co., The Hague. The first two copies have just been flown by K.L.M. Constellation to Karachi and Jakarta, for presentation to the Head of the Ahmadiya Moslem Movement and [Indonesian] President Soekarno, respectively. The original Dutch translation, made in 1707, was incorrect and out of date, and so the leaders of the Ahmadiya Moslem Movement – which originated in Rabwah, Pakistan [sic.] – decided to issue a revised version, not only in Dutch but also in English, French, German and Russian, while Spanish and Italian translations will follow in due course.

“In accordance with Moslem custom, these two copies of the Koran [sic., Holy Quran] will be carried above the heads of the crew during the flight.” (The Barrier Miner, 6 January 1954, p. 8) Mentioning the services of Ahmadiyyat in regards to the Holy Quran’s translation into different languages, Hazrat Musleh-eMaudra once said that Allah has decreed all of these blessings for us and its fulfilment is due to the blessings of Khilafat: “We had the opportunity to accomplish the task that the strongest of the [Muslim] kings could not do. […] This is the blessing of Khilafat and unity, which has enabled the Jamaat to publish the Holy Quran’s translation into various languages.”

(Khitabat-e-Shura, Vol. 3, p. 600) Indeed, the continuous progress of Ahmadiyyat which we witness today, by the grace of Allah Almighty, is due to the blessings of Khilafat.

During his Friday Sermon on 30 September 2022, Hazrat Mirza Masroor

The Sunday Times, 25 May 1958

Ahmad, Khalifatul Masih Vaa, said: “We will find true happiness and joy only when we bring the entire world into the subservience of the Holy Prophetsa. To achieve this, we must seek out new avenues of propagating Islam [...]. We must present the arguments of the Messiah of Muhammadsa to the world. More so than ever, we must improve our actions and spiritual states. […]

The Muslims started to face decline only when the world became more important to them; their standards of righteousness began to fall and their regard for worship continued to decrease. However, because it was the promise of Allah the Almighty to the Holy Prophetsa that this religion would remain established and will be granted strength until the Day of Judgement, He sent the Promised Messiah and Mahdias in the Latter Days. After his advent, the Promised Messiahas informed the world of his coming and despite not having sufficient means, his message reached Europe and America and many other countries.” (Al Hakam, 28 October 2022, Issue 241, p. 16) The blessed scheme of Tahrik-e-Jadid is continuously manifesting its fruits, i.e. playing its part in the propagation of Islam to all corners of the world. Ahmadiyyat is achieving great victories under the blessed leadership of Hazrat Khalifatul Masihaa, alhamdulillah, and it will continue to flourish, insha-Allah.

Friday 27 October 2023 | AL HAKAM

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100 New converts appreciate

Years Hazrat Mufti Muhammad Sadiq’s Ago...

services and offer sacrifices for Berlin Mosque

The Moslem Sunrise, October 1923

(Mrs Omar): $2; Miss Romeesa Rahman: $2; Mrs Andrew Jacob: $2; Mrs Thomas F Glem (Abdul Karim): $5; Muhammady: $5; Mrs Essac Bairam: $5; Mrs Thelma McGaughey: $1; Mrs Restum of Cleveland: $5; Mrs EM Ensoof of Tela: $5; Mrs Mary McGaughey: $1; Mrs Charley Harrel (Fauzy): $4; Mrs Isom Harrells (Majeed): $5; Mrs GF Crawley (Aldus Samee): $5; Sister Saleema: $5; Mrs Melvin McGaughey: $1; Mrs Montrose McGaughey: $1; Mrs Adam Jackson: $1; Brother Abdur Raheem: $2; Unknown: $1

By Hazrat Maulvi Muhammad Dinra (1881-1983)

Islam: Solution for African Americans My dear [African] Americans!

As-salaam-o-alaikum – Peace be with you and the mercy of Allah.

The Christian profiteers brought you out of your native lands of Africa, and in Christianising you, made you forget the religion and language of your forefathers – which were Islam and Arabic. You have experienced Christianity for so many years, and it has proved to be no good. It is a failure. Christianity cannot bring real brotherhood to man, especially to a fallen and downtrodden nation.

So, now leave it alone. Join Islam, the real faith of universal brotherhood, which at once does away with all distinctions of race, color, and creed. The Holy Quran is the true book of God. You need a religion that teaches manliness, self-reliance, selfrespect, and self-effort. Islam does not teach you vicarious sacrifice, nor does it teach you that all human nature is corrupt and thus makes you suffer needlessly.

Islam frees you from all sorts of debasing associations and idolatry. Muhammad[sa] does not tell you not to live a full life here in this world. He tells you the world is good; therefore, you must make the most of it.

Islam does not say sell all you have; it says get all the good you can out of this life and make it a good start for the life to come, for our future is to be shaped by our present.

It is not a bad world we live in. Moreover, you can be good Muslims in America as well as in Asia, Europe, and Africa. Join Islam in the Ahmadia Movement founded

by Ahmad[as] of India, the Prophet of the day, and be blessed. For further particulars, address all communications to the undersigned.

Muhammad Din, Ahmadia Movement, 4448 South Wabash Avenue, Chicago, Illinois, USA.

Tu Quoque (Logical Fallacy) Reviewing the book, “Spirit of Islam” by Syed Amir Ali, the “Moslem World” for July 1923 says that the author has made some disparaging remarks on Christianity that ill-fitted a man who had received his education as well as his titles from Christian people.

The reviewer forgets that his own coreligionists owe most of what they have

Appreciation of Dr Sadiq’s work in America

Hazrat Mufti Muhammad Sadiqra

to others, and yet they are not ashamed to launch the vilest abuse against their former teachers. “In writing the best that can be said of Mohammed and Islam, it ought not to have been necessary to take such a hostile attitude against Christianity,” says the reviewer, and it is a nice bit of advice, but it is Christianity that started the ball rolling and the others had to take it up in self-defence. And yet we think a Christian should be the last man to come forward with this olive branch, for was it, not Jesus [according to Gospel] who started this campaign of invective by calling his opponents vipers, or sons of vipers, a wicked generation, an evil generation and so forth? Was it not Jesus who said [in a gospel], “All that ever came before me are thieves and robbers?”

It is Islam that tells us that we should believe, respect, and revere the memory of all the teachers. It is Islam that tells us that we should not say aught in offense even against false deities, lest their adorers, in pique as well as ignorance, revile the one True God. It is Islam that teaches us that our discussions with the People of Book should be in the best of spirits. But there are instances where Islam does not teach us the turning of the left cheek to be slapped without returning the blow. So, therefore, let the reviewer hold his own [horses] and then plead for fair criticism.

Berlin Mosque fund Mrs Sadiqah Sadiq: $10; Mrs Abdul Hakim (August): $6; Sister Fatima (Mrs Russel): $5; Mrs Abraham Holasi: $10; Sister Saeeda

Dr Sadiq is shortly to leave America for home after three years’ work in this country as a Muslim missionary and seven years’ continued absence from home, the first four of which he spent in England. That within these three years’ space, he has been able to secure more than seven hundred new converts to Islam from among the ranks of American Christians speaks for itself, in spite of the fact that he has had to work under circumstances unusual for a pioneer in such a work. However, his work is done, and done well. Glory be to God, who enabled him to accomplish all this within a short space of three years. Indeed, it is God’s work, and it will certainly come about. Below we give a few of the excerpts appreciative of his work: “I did so hope that the letter sent to His Holiness, Khalifa-tul-Masih II[ra],

by Moslem members of the Ahmadia Movement in Chicago, requesting that you be permitted to remain with us indefinitely, would have received more consideration and that you would have been instructed to remain at least for another year; but, no doubt, His Holiness knows best […] and has other and perhaps greater work in sight for you. I will console myself with the belief that we will meet in person one of these days; if not here on earth, then on some other plane of life in the great beyond.” – Mr JL Mott of New Orleans “To Dr Sadiq belongs […] praise, because he has shown the world that Islam is not a dead but very much alive religion.

The Moslem Sunrise enlightens the public about the Turks and Arabs and proves that we have been misinformed about them.

The Turks are cultured, and the Arabs are not fanatical; in fact, everybody knows that culture comes from the East. The Ahmadia Movement, which has abolished the irrational doctrine of the Jehad, is

bound to bring Islam into all parts of the world hitherto untouched by it. May it be the same comfort to others as it has been to me.” – Achmet Anderson of New York City “You have done splendid work in America in enlightening us Americans to the lofty principles of Islam and the new interpretation of it through the Ahmadia Movement. You certainly did a splendid service to your cause in establishing a mission and Mosque, and your tireless speaking everywhere in your convincing style added by your intimate knowledge.” – Samuel Robert Shapiro of Chicago, Illinois “While we are sincerely sorry to learn that you are about to set sail for your native land, let us believe God’s will is being done in thyne guidance. We wish to send our best wishes for a safe journey, a hearty welcome to you from your people upon your safe arrival, and may there be many more useful years of your valuable service from you to other people, be that service rendered in America, India or wherever the Lord wills.

“God be praised for your great work in our beloved America, and may the new successor find his way into the hearts of these Americans as you have done. While we feel that no one else can come over here and become as well beloved as you have, my dear Dr Sadiq, you will be missed by thousands who have become attracted to you and your good work. […] We believe you are the most beloved missionary of God that has ever visited our beloved America. Yes, our system, mode of living and beliefs in general may differ from those of your beloved country, but our hearts are in harmonious accord with you and greater now for your country and people. You have performed wonderful work in bringing the Far East nearer to the Far West. May we all become one nation in one accord and one love for each other and for the One God whom you so faithfully serve. Earnest prayers shall ever be sent up for our dear Dr Sadiq, and India.” – Mr and Mrs Alberto of Tampa, Florida “It is with deep regret that we learn of your departure from our country. You have worked hard and accomplished much during your short time here. I believe you have had many difficulties to encounter, and you have worked quietly on and your good work will still remain when you are far away. Personally, I appreciate your kind prayers, and I believe they are and have been a great benefit to me and my home.

Continued on next page >>

AL HAKAM | Friday 27 October 2023 << Continued from previous page

I hope and trust God will give you health and strength to continue spreading your good work and influence for many years to come. May you, and yours always, enjoy the blessings God bestows upon you.” – Mrs Zelma Mai Zaher “May the success you have enjoyed in America follow you wherever you may go. […] It is my fervent hope that out of the small beginnings may spring things greater and nobler than this country has ever seen. This country is a very fertile soil for the seeds of truth, and may Allah grant that they bring forth a bounteous harvest. […] The great work you have done in this country is deserving of the highest praise, and every true Moslem heart will be quickened to learn of your success, and as in a vision, see the dawn of a Moslem Sunrise illuminating the universe.” – Abraham Holasi of Pitcairn, Pennsylvania “The new Moslem [Sunrise] number is the best number yet edited. As it is for the benefit of the old and new members of the Moslem faith, and is a book of great interest to read.” – Mrs Helen of Carr “The last issue of the Moslem Sunrise is very interesting, and I am delighted with it. Please accept my congratulations. Sadiq Sahib, you are an improving Mr Editor.” – Miss G Berry of London “Dr Sadiq, I could never forget the day that I first saw you and the evening you turned me to that wonderful religion of Islam, for which I am thankful. May the mercy of Allah be with you. I kept the fasting month of Ramazan and offered five daily prayers. [The] Holy Quran is a great help in every way.” – Mrs Taher of Buffalo “I congratulate you upon the success of your great work and the modest and artistic manner in which you have promoted the Moslem cause. Surely this magazine would be of value to every devotee of any religion in the world, and I am very glad to receive the valuable information that it contains. […] May the peace of God and His Mercy abide with you and your holy cause.” – Mr Henry of Wilcox

Shaikh Muhammad Ibrahim Brother AES Mondezie, whose Islamic name we have given above [i.e., Shaikh Muhammad Ibrahim], has established himself as a Muslim missionary at Princes Town, Trinidad, British West Indies. He converted to Islam in January 1923, after a careful study of two years, and was initiated into the Ahmadia Movement by Dr MM Sadiq.

He is so full of zeal for the spread of truth that he has taken upon himself the spread and propagation of it come what might, and he is doing it in spite of much opposition. He has already secured some converts to Islam from among the Christians, and now he is trying to bring the fifteen thousand of the scattered Muslims all over the island under some sort of organization. For this purpose, he recently called a representative meeting of the Muslim delegates from all parts of the island and enlisted their sympathy and co-operation for the betterment of their condition.

We wish our new brother and missionary every success in the arduous

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task that he has taken upon himself. His address is “The Islamic Mission House, High Street, Princes Town, Trinidad, British West Indies.”

Hakim Fazlur Rahman Salt Pond, West Africa: The brother is working very hard in spite of heavy handicaps. He made a long journey to Accra, the capital of the Gold Coast Colony and spent a few days there preaching individually to English and Arabicspeaking people. There are signs that the seed sown with so much care and selfsacrifice will bear a rich harvest, in the near future.

Our best thanks are due to Messrs.

M Dial Dass and Sons for their cordial reception and princely entertainment of our brother, [Hakim Fazlur Rahman Sahib].

(Transcribed and edited by Al Hakam from the original, published in The Moslem Sunrise, October 1923)

Tadib-un-Nisa, April 1923: Artist’s impression of the Berlin Mosque

Ten-day refresher course held for mu‘allimeen in Guinea Bissau Zahid Ahmad, Missionary Guinea Bissau

Jamaat-e-Ahmadiyya Guinea Bissau organised a ten-day refresher course for mu‘allimeen (religious educators) and missionaries at the national level from 1 to 10 October 2023.

The primary objective of this initiative was to instil a profound understanding of the true teachings of Nizam-e-Jamaat and the basics of Jamaat-e-Ahmadiyya. More than 140 individuals, including missionaries, mu‘allimeen, Quran teachers, and nonAhmadi imams from across the country, actively participated in this programme.

On the final day of the course, eight nonAhmadi imams joined Ahmadiyyat.

Each day commenced with Tahajjud and Fajr prayers. Subsequently, dars (lessons) from Tafsir-e-Kabir were delivered.

Following breakfast, regular classes commenced at 9 am. The classes covered a range of topics, including the Holy Quran and its principles, Fiqh, Kalam, an introduction to the books of the Promised Messiahas, and an in-depth study of the Nizam-e- Jamaat. Each class was one hour in duration. After the Zuhr prayer, a lunch break was observed, followed by a period of rest until the Asr prayer. In the afternoon, time was allotted for recreational activities and leisurely walks. Dars continued after Maghrib and Isha prayers. Subsequently, a dedicated one-hour question and answer session was conducted to address queries from the participants.

Throughout the event, arrangements were made for attendees to watch selected programmes on MTA, further enriching their understanding of Ahmadiyyat.

Additionally, all participants had the opportunity to hear the live address of Hazrat Khalifatul Masih Vaa from the Khuddamul Ahmadiyya and Ansarullah ijtemas in the UK. On the final day of the programme, participants shared faith-inspiring stories that left a profound impact, reigniting their faith and confidence. In the closing

ceremony, the missionary-in-charge, Muhammad Ahsan Memon Sahib, urged all missionaries to regularly listen to the sermons of Hazrat Khalifatul Masih Vaa and encouraged them to make members more actively engaged. It was stressed that even in areas without access to MTA, every effort should be made to ensure that the guidance of our beloved Khalifa is followed.

Photo courtesy of AMJ Guinea Bissau

Friday 27 October 2023 | AL HAKAM

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Compassion fatigue, apathy and Islamic principles of caring Jazib Mehmood Jamia Ahmadiyya International Ghana

Whether you use social media or not, you must have heard that the conflict in Palestine has escalated. According to live reports, more than 4,000 people have died since Hamas launched an attack against Israel. (www.pbs.org/newshour/world/liveupdates-whats-happening-on-day-10-of-theisrael-hamas-war) Thousands more have been injured.

Over a million people have been displaced.

Children have become a painful part of these statistics. Plenty of disinformation has only served to fuel the hatred on both sides. Some writers have also identified that the language being used to describe Palestinians right now is genocidal. (www. theguardian.com/commentisfree/2023/ oct/16/the-language-being-used-to-describepalestinians-is-genocidal) At the same time, four earthquakes have struck Afghanistan in recent weeks, with the first one hitting Afghanistan on the same day Hamas attacked Israel, killing around 1,300 people and injuring about 1,700 more in the country’s deadliest natural disaster in decades. (www.nytimes.com/2023/10/15/ world/asia/afghanistan-earthquakes-again. html) The total death toll there is said to be over 2,000, with women and children making up a large part of these numbers. (www.cbc.ca/news/world/ear thquakeafghanistan-1.6996712) As a result of all these disasters, the world’s economy is feeling the pressure.

Oil prices have risen since the Israel-Gaza conflict escalated, and there is considerable evidence to suggest that the global economy, which is already pretty fragile, could tip into a recession. (www.bloomberg.com/ news/features/2023-10-12/israel-hamaswar-impact-could-tip-global-economy-intorecession) All this is going on, and if you use one social media platform or even just check the mainstream news, you’ve likely been bombarded with news headlines giving you all the latest, terrifying details. You’ve probably even seen sickening videos of people holding the dead bodies of their children. Thus, you can probably relate to this: “At times, it seems as if the media careen from one trauma to another, in a breathless tour of poverty, disease and death. The troubles blur. Crises become one crisis.”

(Compassion Fatigue: How the Media Sell Disease, Famine, War and Death by Susan D Moeller, p. 1)

Compassion fatigue

Jackson David | Unsplash

If that is the case, then you might have what is termed as “compassion fatigue”. It is the sinking, despairing feeling you get when you see all the horrible things happening around the world and wonder if you have any care left to give.

The term has been around for a while but was quite common during the height of Covid. As such, when 2022 began, Time describes the feeling in this way: “Call it apathy, call it indifference, call it the Great Whatever.” (https://time.com/6160337/hardto-care-about-anything/) Statistics show that people now actively avoid the news more than ever, and the numbers are only rising. (https://www. washingtonpost.com/media/2023/08/01/ news-avoid-depressing/) As a Muslim, I decided to find out what Islam says about compassion, and if it offers any guidance on caring for humanity when it seems that we have run out of empathy.

Islamic principles of compassion According to Islamic teachings, Muslims must have a very large scope of compassion and ideally must try their best to alleviate the suffering of all those around them.

Many may have already heard the beautiful yet cautionary tale narrated by the Holy Prophetsa of the believer who stands before his Lord and is asked why he did not feed or clothe Allah nor visit Him when He was sick. On asking how that was possible, Allah informed his believer that the so-andso person was hungry, bare, and sick; visiting

such a person was akin to visiting Allah or attaining His pleasure. (Sahih Muslim, Kitab al-birri wa s-silati wa l-adaab, Hadith 2569) Similarly, the Holy Prophetsa was once seated with his companions when he asked them if any one of them had visited the sick that day, served food to the needy, and attended a funeral procession. Hazrat Abu Bakrra replied that he had done so. The Holy Prophetsa stated that anyone who does such good humanitarian deeds consistently would surely enter paradise. (Sahih Muslim, Kitab Fada’ili s-sahabah, Hadith 1028) Thus, Islam puts forth incredibly high standards of doing good and showing kindness and compassion to those around us. In one place, to describe how Muslims ought to advance in spiritual and material gains, the Holy Quran asks that they free slaves, feed the hungry, take care of the orphan and the poor man lying in the dust.

Allah states that Muslims should also exhort others to show such mercy and compassion to all. (Surah al-Balad, Ch.90: V.12-19) As a guiding principle, Allah the Almighty states in no ambiguous terms:

the neighbour that is a stranger, and the companion by [your] side, and the wayfarer, and those whom your right hands possess.

Surely, Allah loves not the proud [and] the boastful.” (Surah an-Nisa, Ch.4: V.37) As such, the early Muslims showed incredibly high standards of compassion and kindness to the people around them.

Describing the high status of true believers, the Holy Quran states that they are those who give others preference over themselves even though they themselves might be in need. (Surah Al-Hashr, Ch.59: V.10)

The outstanding example of the Holy Prophetsa The personal model of the Holy Prophetsa is exemplary in this regard, as in all other regards. His compassion was not limited to any one group of people. Rather, he cared for the suffering of all people. Thus, the Holy Quran elucidates the condition of the Holy Prophetsa in these words:

َُ َ َْ​َ ٌ ‫وٌل ِم ْ​ْن َأَْنْ ُ​ُفِس ُ​ُك ْ​ْم َعَِز‬ ٌ ‫يٌز َ​َع َ​َل ْ​ْي ِ​ِه َ​َما َ​َع ِ​ِن �ُ​ُّت ْ​ْم َ​َحِر‬ ‫يٌص‬ ‫َلَقْد َج‬ ِ ٌ ‫اَءُك ْ​ْم َ​َر ُ​ُس‬ ِ ِ ُ َ ِ ْ‫َ​َعَل ْ​ْيُكْم‬

ُ ُْ ً �ٰ ْ ً َ ْ ‫َ​َو‬ ‫اْع ُ​ُب ُ​ُدوا الّٰل َ​َه َ​َوَلَا ُتْش ِ​ِرُكوا ِ​ِب ِ​ِه َش ْ​ْيًئا َ​َو ِ​ِباْلَوَاِل ََِدْيْ ِ​ِن ِ​ِإ ْ​ْح َ​َساًنا َ​َو ِ​ِب ِ​ِذي‬ “Grievous to him is that you should ُْ ُ ْ ْ ْ ْ َ َ َ َْ َ َُْْ َ َ fall into trouble; [he is] ardently desirous ‫ِيِن َ​َواْل َ​َجاِرِ ِ​ِذي اْلُق ْ​ْرَبَى َ​َواْل َ​َجاِرِ اْل ُ​ُجُن ِ​ِب‬ ‫ِك‬ ‫ا‬ ‫َس‬ ‫َم‬ ‫ْل‬ ‫ا‬ ‫َو‬ ‫ى‬ ‫اَم‬ ‫َت‬ ‫َي‬ ‫ْل‬ ‫ا‬ ‫َو‬ ‫ى‬ ‫َب‬ ‫ْر‬ ‫ُق‬ ‫ْل‬ ‫ا‬ ِ َ� َ of your [welfare].” (Surah at-Taubah, Ch.9: َ� ْ َ ْ َ ْ َ‫الَّسِبيِل َ​َو َ​َما َ​َم َ​َل َ​َك ْ​ْت َأَْيْ َ​َماُن ُ ُ​ُك ْ​ْم ِإ �َ​َّن ال ٰ�ّٰلَه‬ ِ ِ ِ َ ‫ َوالَّصا ِ​ِح ِ​ِب ِ​ِباْلَجْن َ ِ​ِب َواْب ُ ِ​ِن‬V.128) َ ‫َلا ُيُِح �ُّب َ​َم ْ​ْن َك‬ ً‫اَن ُ​ُم ْ​ْخ َ​َتاًلًا َ​َف ُ​ُخوًرا‬ ِ His grief for the world was such that “And worship Allah and associate naught with Him, and [show] kindness to parents, and to kindred, and orphans, and the needy, and to the neighbour that is a kinsman and

Allah the Almighty asked him not to grieve so intensely for the plight of humanity in Continued on next page >>

AL HAKAM | Friday 27 October 2023

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Stories of sacrifice and service Abdul Rashid Sharif Shaheed Leeza Ahmed Virginia North, USA

My grandfather, Abdul Rashid Sharif Sahib Shaheed, was born in Palestine in 1941 and tragically lost his mother when he was just two years old. He was raised with great love and care by his second mother, Hikmat Abbas Ouda Sahiba. He moved to Rabwah, Pakistan, when he was 15. His father, Choudhary Mohamad Sharif, served as a missionary in the Arab world and West Africa. His mother tongue was Arabic, and he understood and spoke Hebrew. His martyrdom took place on 30 October 1998.

He arrived in Pakistan with his respected father in December 1955. After completing his BA at Rabwah College of Islamic Education and his MA at Lahore College, he achieved significant success in the CSP examination and was appointed as Deputy Secretary of Finance in Punjab. Despite biased clerics campaigning against him, his honesty and outstanding performance prevented the government from arresting him, and he continued to excel.

Abdul Rashid Sharif Sahib Shaheed had great faith and trust in Allah. He never feared, panicked, or worried about his

<< Continued from previous page

multiple instances in the Holy Quran. (For example, see Ch.16: V.128, Ch.27: V.71, Ch.35: V.9, Ch.36: V.77) He once stated:

َ ‫الُّرُ َ​َح َ​َم‬ � ‫ِإَّن�َ َ​َما َيَ ْ​ْر َ​َح ُ​ُم ال ٰ�ّٰل ُ​ُه ِ​ِم ْ​ْن ِ​ِع َ​َبا ِ​ِد ِ​ِه‬ ‫اَء‬ ِ

“God shows compassion only to those of His servants who are compassionate.” (Sahih Muslim, Kitab al-jana’iz, Hadith 923) In another instance, he is reported to have stated: “Whoever has been given his portion of compassion has been given his portion of good. Whoever is denied given his portion of compassion has been denied his portion of good. Good character will be the weightiest thing in the believer’s balance on the Day of Judgement.” (Al-Adab Al-Mufrad, Kitab arrifq, Hadith 464) His Holiness, Hazrat Khalifatul Masih Vaa put it beautifully: “From every organ, every pore and every fibre of the Holy Prophet’ssa being gushed forth a spring of eternal mercy and compassion for humanity.” (www. reviewofreligions.org/12773/mosquesbuilding-blocks-for-peace/) Hence, it must be understood that the Holy Prophetsa never despaired when he witnessed injustice or the suffering of the oppressed. Rather, he would always seek to correct injustices. If he could not do so, he would always pray to Allah the Almighty –

financial hardships. For his occupation, he held a high civil servant position. Whenever he received a job assignment, the extremist clerics of that area always rallied against him and expressed their disdain by questioning why he, an Ahmadi, held such a high civil servant position. Despite all of this, my grandfather never feared or panicked, as his faith in Allah was very strong.

Abdul Rashid Sahib was very kindhearted. During droughts, he would gather water, keep watch to ensure that the water supply reached the correct people, and make sure no one was breaking the rules.

His fellow officers acknowledged that they would have been in trouble if he had not been present on any given day. In Sheikhupura, Abdul Rashid Sahib was a consistent source of aid and helped with various facilities. He even established a school for free and a girls’ hostel. By the grace of Allah, Abdul Rashid Sahib contributed greatly to the service of humanity.

During Ramadan, he would lovingly gather all his children and make Iftar a joyful and loving time. Whenever he visited nearby small villages in extremely hot weather, he never gave up on fasting, no matter how intense the heat was. Additionally, during

Ramadan, he consistently performed Tahajjud and Taraweeh prayers.

In accordance with the teachings of the Holy Prophetsa, he was a very loyal and patriotic citizen, embodying these values through his beliefs and hard work while serving his nation. Abdul Rashid Sharif Sahib Shaheed would always be happy to lend a helping hand. He believed in advancing his nation, and his diligent efforts often led to him returning home late.

He was so hardworking that he could never relax and sleep peacefully.

On 23 July 1999, during his Friday Sermon, Hazrat Khalifatul Masih IVrh spoke about the following incident, which displayed Abdul Rashid Sharif Sahib Shaheed’s honesty and trust in Allah despite the worldly positions of others: At one point, a negative recommendation against him reached President Zia, and an order for his termination was immediately issued. However, when Governor Punjab General, Sawar Khan, reviewed his file, he recognised the worth of this officer and issued a new order to transfer him to another location.

He generously participated in charitable works and, following in the footsteps of his

father, remained steadfast in his principles.

On the evening of 30 October 1998, he was brutally martyred by some individuals for the sole reason of being an Ahmadi.

Regarding my grandfather’s love and loyalty to the Jamaat, he never concealed his faith. He always fulfilled his chanda requirements and was very diligent about it.

In fact, the night before his matyrdom, he went to submit his chanda for that month.

Despite not being a Hafiz, he had memorised a large portion of the Holy Quran.

He was very loving. Whenever he would travel for long periods, such as a few months, he would almost daily write and send an individualised letter on a postcard to each family member. No matter how late it was, he would stay up and wait for every one of his children to come home before he went to sleep.

My grandfather, Abdul Rashid Sharif Shaheed, led a very active life, which was embodied through his hard work for his nation as well. His martyrdom shows his love and loyalty for Khilafat and Jamaat, as he sacrificed his life for his faith. May Allah shower His blessings on him and enable all his progeny to follow in his noble deeds.

his natural recourse was prayer.

We see this when he approached the people of Taif, who lived near Mecca.

They rejected his message and had people stone him till he was injured and bled. At that time, even when Mecca had already rejected his message; when he sat exhausted and injured, he never despaired. Rather, he prayed to Allah the Almighty: “O My Lord, I complain to you of my helplessness, and my inability, and my helplessness before the people. O My God, You are the most merciful, for You are the guardian and protector of the feeble and helpless – You are my Lord. I seek refuge in the light of Your countenance. It is You who dispels all darkness and it is You who bestows the inheritance of favour in this world and in the next.” (The Life & Character of the Seal of Prophets, Vol. 1, p. 253) This heartfelt prayer, offered with great emotion can be offered today too by all those who feel helpless in the face of an ever-worsening world.

use now, more than ever before.” (www. reviewofreligions.org/43947/a-call-forjustice-by-the-ahmadiyya-muslim-khalifain-the-wake-of-innocent-lives-lost-inpalestine-and-israel/) As a result, one’s heart is always comforted by Allah. (Surah ar-Rad, Ch.13: V.29) The Promised Messiahas also assures us: “A person who prays to God at a time of difficulty and suffering and seeks Him to solve his problems, on the condition that he prays to perfection, always finds comfort and true peace from God Almighty. And if it so happens that his purpose is not achieved, he is still granted comfort and forbearance.

And by no means whatsoever is he left disappointed.” (Ayyamus-Sulh, Ruhani Khazain, Vol. 14, p. 237) Of course, if you feel overwhelmed by the sheer volume of bad news you’re listening to, it might be worth considering taking a break, enjoying a hobby or seeking support and therapy in some more extreme cases. It is also worth considering that we naturally give priority to negative news on an evolutionary basis, as it serves as a warning system about imminent threats, according to a 2019 study of “negativity” bias.

Perhaps that is why some people suggest that in caregiving jobs, having too much compassion might not be such a good idea. For example, it is argued that

in the aftermath of the nuclear detonation at Hiroshima, rescue workers were able to function only because they succeeded in “turning off ” their feelings of compassion, calling the process “psychic numbing.”

(Death in Life: Survivors of Hiroshima by Robert Jay Lifton, p. 32) In any case, the Promised Messiahas, making our responsibilities clear in principle, writes: “The principle to which we adhere is that we have kindness at heart for the whole of mankind. If anyone sees the house of a Hindu neighbour on fire and does not come forward to help extinguish the fire, most truly, I declare that he does not belong to me. If any one of my followers, having seen someone attempting to murder a Christian does not endeavour to save him, I most truly declare that he does not belong to us.” (Siraje-Munir, Ruhani Khazain, Vol. 12, p. 28) In conclusion, compassion is something that Islam asks us to practise passionately and consistently. Perhaps whenever we feel drained, we may remind ourselves of the poetic words of the Promised Messiahas where he states: ‫دخِتمقلخاتس‬ ‫رماوصقمدوولطمبوانمت‬ ‫سم‬ ‫ںیمہاکرمںیمہابرمںیمہر مںیمہرامہ‬ “My purpose, yearning and heartfelt desire is to serve humanity; this is my job, this is my faith, this is my habit and this is my way of life.” (Barahin-e-Ahmadiyya, Part II [English], p. 88)

Our responsibility today Thus, in our world today, what can we do to alleviate the suffering of humanity if we have no means to do so? In following the perfect model of the Holy Prophetsa, we must adhere to the words of Hazrat Khalifatul Masih Vaa, when he stated: “In any case, all we have is the weapon of prayer, which every Ahmadi should

Friday 27 October 2023 | AL HAKAM

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Opinion

World leaders fueling suffering of Palestinians Paolo Chiabrando | Unsplash

Ali Fatty Student Jamia Ahmadiyya International Ghana

We have witnessed the distressing escalation of one of the world’s longest-standing conflicts in the Holy Land, leading to an unprecedented tragic series of civilian deaths both in Israel and now, to a larger extent, in Palestine.

It is understandable that the recent attack

by Hamas must be rejected and condemned, but it would be unjust to believe that the injustice in this conflict started with Hamas’ attack. Consecutive Israeli governments have been persecuting Palestinians for decades in plain sight. World leaders know this, yet they choose to ignore the relentless occupation and control of Gaza by Israeli forces. As a result, sympathy for Palestinians amongst world leaders is a rarity; instead, they choose to fan the flames of war and destruction.

An Israeli lawmaker told Al Jazeera that his party warned about events like Saturday’s Hamas attack on Israel if the country’s government continued its “illegal occupation of Palestinian lands.” (www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/10/8/ israeli-lawmaker-blames-pogroms-againstpalestinians-for-terrible-attacks)

Are Palestinians to be blamed?

Since the start of the war, the Israeli

leaders have unfortunately been constantly hellbent on pointing fingers that all the Palestinians are to blame in justification for their bombardment of innocent civilians in Palestine.

Husam Zomlot, the Palestinian Ambassador to the UK, told the BBC that Hamas is not a Palestinian government. The ambassador said: “Hamas is a militant group; you are talking to a Palestinian representative, and our policy is very clear. This is not about support or not support (Hamas). I am here to represent the Palestinian people and what they are going through.”

He added: “Hamas is not the Palestine government.

The Israeli government is giving orders to its organised army. Don’t throw any symmetry here. Don’t equate the occupied with the occupier. This doesn’t serve justice.” (www. businesstoday.in/latest/world/story/hamasis-not-palestinian-diplomat-confronts-bbcjournalist-over-do-you-condemn-attack-onisrael-question-401455-2023-10-10)

Global leaders double standard proliferating war Regrettably, high-profile leaders occupying high positions in global multilateral governmental institutions that are expected to be the preachers of peace and building bridges of reconciliation between the two parties are instead busy forming allies

and making reckless comments that are proliferating the intensity of the war and persecution against Palestinians.

Even though the Palestinian authorities have disassociated themselves from Hamas, Western leaders and media choose to ignore the hard facts but continue to push the narrative that Israel is defending itself.

For example, the leaders of France, Germany, Italy, Britain and the United States condemned Hamas’ attacks in a joint statement, calling them “acts of terrorism” that had “no justification.” The statement reads: “Our countries will support Israel in its efforts to defend itself and its people against such atrocities.” (www.washingtonpost.com/ world/2023/10/10/israel-hamas-war-globalreaction/) Since when did bombing civilian buildings and cutting essential human supplies to them become “defence”?

The UK government has also expressed its plan to deploy its Royal Navy ship to support Israel in the war against Hamas. (www.bbc.com/news/uk-67095846) Rishi Sunak the Prime Minister of United Kingdom “Israel has an absolute right to defend itself.” (https://twitter.com/ RishiSunak/status/1710583360756625872) According to the Israeli authorities, an aircraft with highly advanced ammunition deployed by the United States government has landed at the Nevatim airbase in southern Israel. (www.aljazeera.com/news/ liveblog/2023/10/10/israel-hamas-war-live-

appeals-for-safe-corridor-gaza-toll-goespast-700) The President of France, Immanuel Macron, said on X: “France stands in solidarity with Israel and the Israelis, committed to their security and their right to defend themselves.” (https://twitter.com/EmmanuelMacron/ status/1710642794509787518) The Chancellor of Germany, Bundeskanzler Olaf Scholz, said: “Israel has every right to defend and to protect itself and its citizens.” ( ht t ps : / / t w it te r. com / Bundeskan z le r / status/1711452547561431248) The US continues to provide military aid to Israel. The President of the United States, Joe Biden, said: “Over the coming days, the Department of Defense will work to ensure that Israel has what it needs to defend itself and protect civilians from indiscriminate violence and terrorism.” (www.aljazeera.com/ news/2023/10/7/we-are-at-war-reactions-topalestinian-hamas-surprise-attack-in-israel) Social media influencers, the likes of Jordan Peterson with staggering followers, also choose to take a side in supporting Israel to create hell on earth for Palestinians, he wrote on X whilst tagging the prime minister of Israel: “Give ‘em hell @netanyahu enough is enough” (https:// t w i t t e r. c o m / j o r d a n b p e t e r s o n / status/1710622315816337454?)

AL HAKAM | Friday 27 October 2023 The president of the European Union, Ursula von der Leyen, also reiterated the same message of support for Israel. She wrote on X, “I unequivocally condemn the attack carried out by Hamas terrorists against Israel. It is terrorism in its most despicable form. Israel has the right to defend itself against such heinous attacks.” (https://twitter.com/vonderleyen/ status/1710568998197178680) Israel’s Minister of Energy, Israel Katz, wrote on social media that no “electrical switch will be turned on, no water hydrant will be opened and no fuel truck will enter.” (www.theguardian.com/world/2023/oct/12/ no-power-water-or-fuel-to-gaza-untilhostages-freed-says-israeli-minister)

Israel’s claim regarding selfdefence Ironically, most of these leaders condemned Russia for cutting off power to Ukraine, labelling it a war crime, yet they did not have the moral backbone to condemn Israel for cutting off water, food, electricity and fuel to innocent civilians in Gaza.

The dire and catastrophic results of the Israeli authorities’ shelling and killings of innocent Palestinians with the support and endorsement from world leaders are terrible and only worth being called out.

Political pundits and analysts lament that these leaders are blindly following Israel’s excesses on the so-called pretext of self-defence, yet what is seen these days is the frequent bombardment of Israel on Gaza.

According to UNICEF spokeswoman Sara Al Hattab, at least more than 700 children have been killed by the Israeli shelling of Palestine.

“According to the latest reports by local health authorities and media, at least 2,215 Palestinians were reportedly killed, including over 700 children, and more than 8,714 people wounded, including more than 2,450 children.” (https://edition.cnn.com/middleeast/livenews/israel-news-hamas-war-10-14-23/ h_8dea4914b4178c1507b3dabb55c51d33) The UN Special Rapporteur on Human Rights in the Palestinian Territory, Francesca Albanese, has warned that Israel is carrying out “ethnic cleansing” in the name of selfdefence.

“Israel has already carried out mass ethnic cleansing of Palestinians under the fog of war. Again, in the name of selfdefence, Israel is seeking to justify what would amount to ethnic cleansing.” (www. independent.co.uk/news/world/middleeast/ethnic-cleansing-israel-gaza-palestineun-b2430296.html)

Social media dissent Recently, X has been flooded with a barrage of protest posts from users who accuse Western leaders of showing blatant double standards in the conflict. They express their discontent over the unequal levels of support offered to Israel and Palestine.

Irish lawmaker Richard Boyd Barrett took to X expressing shock at the double standards of Western leaders. He said: “Palestinians hostage in the criminal siege of Gaza for 17 yrs. Since 1948, Palestinians victims of ethnic cleansing, murderous occupation & apartheid. They have every right to resist. Shocking double standards

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of western leaders supporting Ukraine resistance but condemning Palestinian.” ( ht t p s : / / t w i t t e r. c o m / R B o y d B a r re t t / status/1710999990519071012/photo/1) Many users on social media have voiced that diplomats and the media have expressed support to Ukraine for defending itself and condemned Russia for its invasion. However, many commentators argue that the same cannot be said with Israel’s annexation of Gaza and the West Bank.

Agnes Callamard, Amnesty’s secretarygeneral, told Al Jazeera: “Without making any comparison between Russia’s aggression and Israel […] it is clear the Palestinian people are under a regime of oppression. A regime of occupation and a regime of apartheid.” (www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/3/28/ ukraine-war-excerbated-human-rightsdouble-standards-amnesty)

“The Ahmadiyya Muslim Community extends its deepest sympathies and prayers to all those who have been left bereaved or affected in any way. Our hearts go out to them all.

“We pray and urge for an immediate end to hostilities and for peace to prevail so that no more lives are lost. For that, it is necessary that the channels of communication between relevant parties and nations remain open.

“Until a ceasefire occurs, any military action taken must ensure that civilians do not come to any harm.” (www. pressahmadiyya.com/press-releases/2023/10/ statement-of-the-ahmadiyya-muslimcommunity-on-recent-escalations-in-theisraeli-and-palestinian-conflict/) Hazrat Mirza Masroor Ahmad, Khalifatul Masih Vaa, for more than a decade, has urged Muslims to put aside

Ömer Yıldız | Unsplash

Calls for ceasefire and peace talks should be a top priority Nevertheless, other leaders also commented that peace talks should be the priority at the moment, rather than leaders of countries supporting aggression for one country.

Russian Deputy Foreign Minister Mikhail Bogdanov told TASS on 7 October while calling for a ceasefire as the conflict spiralled, that: “This is a relapse of a 75-year-old conflict. Moscow is in contact with all parties, including the Arab states. We call for an immediate ceasefire and peace.” (https:// new.thecradle.co/articles/russia-china-callfor-hamas-israel-ceasefire-peace-talks) He added: “We urge you to immediately start a peace process on the basis of existing internationally recognized agreements. UN Security Council decisions have not been implemented, the work of the Middle East Quartet has been hampered, talks have not been held, and this is the result.” (Ibid.)

The government of China has also urged both parties to engage in peace talks. “We call on relevant parties to remain calm, exercise restraint and immediately end the hostilities to protect civilians and avoid further deterioration of the situation.” (Ibid.)

The recent press release of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community is the compendium of everything in addressing both parties to hold a ceasefire for the safety of the civilian population. It reads:

their differences and unite to establish world peace and safeguard the rights of Muslims.

In the Friday Sermon of 13 October 2023, he noted: “[…] At least the Muslim nations should pay heed and erase their own disagreements in order to establish unity. If Muslims have been told in the Quran to improve relations with the People of the Book, then Muslims, who share the same kalima, why can they not place their problems aside and come together. This is the only way to rid the world of the disorder we see today. Then, as one, they must raise a voice against those who are oppressed.

“If there is unity, there will be power in the voice that is raised. Otherwise, these Muslim nations will be responsible for the loss of innocent lives. We should keep the teaching of the Holy Prophetsa in front of us, to aid both the oppressed and the oppressor (by stopping them from oppression).” (www. alhakam.org/palestine-israel-gaza-peace/)

The spread of disinformation The proliferation of false claims, propaganda, and misrepresented images and videos has inundated social media platforms, with individuals disseminating unverified information without considering the potential consequences of exacerbating the conflict.

Fake news is created and spread around the world to change people’s beliefs, attitudes, or even perceptions, so people will ultimately change their behaviour. This

means if one falls into the trap of believing fake news, such a person’s beliefs and decisions are being driven by someone else’s propaganda.

Even major Western news organisations such as the BBC, CNN, and the LA Times, typically regarded as sources of credible global news, have faced significant criticism and public backlash for perceived biases, inaccuracies, misleading reporting, hypocrisy, and the propagation of false conspiracy theories in the context of this conflict.

For example, one report that came into the spotlight regarding the bias and hypocrisy of Western media was particularly pointed out when the BBC reported on X (formerly Twitter), that “More than 500 people have died in Gaza after Israel launched massive retaliatory air strikes, according to Gaza’s health ministry.” The report also states with regard to the situation in Israel that “More than 700 people have been killed in Israel since Hamas launched its attacks on Saturday.” (https://twitter.com/BBCWorld/status/1711340677571674567?t=Ld0PkGZQCitn0XPplAL_Kw&s=19) Many were quick to point out the BBC’s biases in using a softer tone when describing the deaths in Gaza, stating that “More than 500 have died.” In contrast, they employed a more severe term for the casualties in Israel, saying, “More than 700 people have been killed.” The choice of the words “killed” for Israel and “died” for Gaza creates a perception of greater suffering and victimisation on one side.

The report’s language and framing contribute to a biassed representation of the conflict by emphasising casualties on one side while downplaying those on the other and by presenting one side as a reaction to aggression and the other as an initiating force.

Other equally famous media outlets that entice huge subscribers from social media and print media have also succumbed to the act of making similar uncorroborated reports of “decapitated babies” by the Hamas group. (https://twitter.com/CNN/ status/1712132220809298163) Sara Sindner, a journalist who works for CNN made the news of “beheaded babies” by the Hamas group, but later apologised for reporting such misleading news. She wrote on X: “Yesterday, the Israeli Prime Minister’s office said that it had confirmed Hamas beheaded babies & children while we were live on the air. The Israeli government now says today it CANNOT confirm babies were beheaded. I needed to be more careful with my words, and I am sorry.” (https://twitter.com/sarasidnerCNN/ status/1712415116363169884) Even though one can argue that the CNN journalist has apologised for her actions in misleading the world, the bitter truth is that the apology cannot equate to the tragic consequences it has had.

Just recently, in the USA, a news story featured in the New York Times said that a 71-year-old landlord had attacked his tenant woman and his six-year child, fatally killing the young innocent boy for being a Palestinian Muslim.

“A man who targeted a 6-year-old boy Continued on next page >>

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Hazrat Sir Muhammad Zafrulla Khan leads historic du‘a at UN Bilal Rana USA

Hazrat Chaudhary Sir Muhammad Zafrulla Khanra, who served as Pakistan’s first foreign minister, was a highly regarded statesman, jurist, and diplomat from the Muslim world during the Cold War era.

Being a prominent Ahmadi Muslim, he proudly demonstrated the authentic values of Islam to the world.

A unique page of history is found in 1963, when, despite the prevailing trend of accomplished men shying away from their faith, this Ahmadi Muslim stood tall, asking nations to join him in silent prayer at the commencement of the UN General Assembly. Hazrat Sir Zafrulla Khanra, as the President of the UN General Assembly, led the delegates in a prayer known as “du‘a”.

During the opening of the Eighteenth Regular Session of the General Assembly, he said: “I declare open the Eighteenth Regular Session of the General Assembly. I request representatives to stand and observe one minute of silent prayer or meditation.”

<< Continued from previous page

and his mother for being Muslims brutally attacked them, killing the boy and wounding the mother at a residence outside Chicago on Saturday. The man accused in the attack was their landlord, the authorities said.” (www.nytimes.com/2023/10/15/us/muslimboy-stabbed-landlord-chicago.html) The suspect, whose action was premeditated by anti-Muslims was reportedly heard yelling, “You Muslims must die!”(www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/10/15/ palestinian-american-boy-stabbed-to-deathin-gaza-war-related-killing-in-us) According to other newspapers, the attacker mercilessly stabbed the six-yearold child 26 times. (www.aljazeera.com/ news/2023/10/15/palestinian-americanboy-stabbed-to-death-in-gaza-war-relatedkilling-in-us) In today’s fast-paced world of social media, the viral spread of malicious information countering credible reports at the same speed has become the modern modus operandi of warfare against rival countries, as is apparent in the ongoing conflict.

Nevertheless, this goes contrary to the Islamic teachings on the rules of war.

The Holy Quran has strictly commanded Muslims to never abandon the path of justice when involved in a war or conflict with other parties, even if they are wronged.

Following the announcement, all the delegates rose and stood together in quiet solemnity, setting a serious and honourable tone for the purposes for which they gathered.

Collective du‘a is a tradition traced to the Prophet Muhammadsa to seek guidance, protection, and forgiveness from God Almighty before any important work.

It is harmonising such that members of all faiths can join to pray in their own private way or simply to observe a moment of pensive silence.

This press photo captures that novel moment in the history of the UN when, in 1963, delegates from around the world rose to their feet for the first time in prayer. The 1960s marked a tumultuous and delicate time. The world was in the throes of a nuclear arms race and saw a sudden rise in global political protests and civil rights movements. It was against this sobering background that a faithful companion of the Promised Messiahas reminded the world to invoke God before drafting resolutions that shape our future.

“UN General Assembly is hushed during moment of prayer at opening.” Standing in the distance in the middle of the stage leading the assembly is Hazrat Chaudhary Sir Muhammad Zafrulla Khanra | Courtesy of Central Press Association/King Features Syndicate (with permission)

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Friday Sermon Mubarak Mosque, Islamabad, Tilford, UK

29 September 2023 Muhammadsa: The Great Exemplar After reciting the tashahhud, ta‘awwuz and Surah al-Fatihah, Hazrat Khalifatul Masih Vaa stated: him, since my son has been imprisoned by him.” Hearing this, Safwan vowed to take care of ‘Umair’s debt and said: “Leave your debt to me, I will pay it off. And your wife and children will stay with my wife and children. As long as they are alive, I take responsibility of their care and upbringing.

Go and kill Muhammad[sa].” Hearing this, ‘Umair agreed to go and said to Safwan: “Keep our discussion a secret.” Safwan promised [that he would do so]. Following this, ‘Umair went home, took out his sword, sharpened it, dipped it in poison and set out from Mecca and reached Madinah. When ‘Umair reached Masjid Nabawi, Hazrat ‘Umarra was seated in a gathering with some other Muslims and discussing the Battle of Badr. As soon as ‘Umair sat his camel down at the doors of Masjid al-Nabawi [Mosque of the Prophetsa], Hazrat Umarra saw ‘Umair dismounting from his camel with a sword in his hand. Upon seeing this, Hazrat Umarra said: “The enemy of God, ‘Umair bin Wahb, has most certainly come here with bad intentions.” Following this, Hazrat Umarra immediately got up from there, went to the blessed room of the Holy Prophetsa and said: “O Messengersa of Allah! This enemy of God, ‘Umair bin Wahb, has come here with a drawn sword.” The Holy Prophetsa replied: “Bring him to me!” Hazrat Umarra went straight to ‘Umair, firmly grabbed the belt of his sword, hanging around ‘Umair’s neck and started walking with him.

Hazrat Umarra said to the Ansari Muslims present there, “Come in with me to the Holy Prophetsa and sit close to him, for I do not trust him.” Thereafter, Hazrat Umarra accompanied him to the Holy Prophetsa.

When the Holy Prophetsa saw that Hazrat Umarra was coming in this manner, tightly holding Umair’s sword belt that was around his neck, he stated, “Umar, let him go.” He then said, “Umair, come close.” ‘Umair therefore approached him and greeted him with the custom of the days of ignorance, saying:

ً ‫َص َ​َب‬ ‫ا‬ ُ ْ‫َأَْن‬ َ ْ‫عُمْو‬ ‫اًحا‬

The Holy Prophetsa replied, “Umair,

Photo courtesy of Suhaib Ahmad

Accounts regarding the incidents that took place following the Battle of Badr were previously being mentioned. Through these accounts, we learn about the life and character of the Holy Prophetsa and also increase our knowledge of certain historical events. If one studies history [in detail], one is able to identify the erroneous narrations, which have portrayed a false image of Islam to others. The opponents of Islam take advantage of these incidents in order to defame Islam. On the other hand, extremist Muslims use this to fulfil their vested interests.

In any case, from the incidents I will present today, the first is that of ‘Umair bin Wahb, who travelled from Mecca to Medina following the Battle of Badr in order to kill the Holy Prophetsa and to avenge the defeat of the idolaters. However, the decree of Allah the Almighty manifested in such a way that he was granted the opportunity to accept Islam. Detailing this, it is recorded that Wahb bin ‘Umair was among the prisoners of Badr, who later accepted Islam and was captured by Rifa’ah bin Rafi’. Wahb’s father, ‘Umair bin Wahb, was one of the chiefs of the Quraish; who had caused a lot of pain to the Holy Prophetsa and his companions in Mecca. However, following the Battle of Badr, he became a Muslim. The details are as follows: Prior to becoming a Muslim, ‘Umair and Safwan bin Umayyah were sitting in Mecca one day next to the Hateem. Safwan had not yet accepted Islam. Both of them were discussing the defeat of the Battle of Badr and also spoke about their prominent chiefs who had been killed during the battle. Safwan said: “By God! There is no joy to life after the killing of these chiefs.”

Umair replied: “By God! You are right.” He added: “If I were not indebted to someone, which I am currently not able to pay off, and if I were not worried about my wife and children that would be left behind, who would be faced with poverty after my death, I would go to Muhammad[sa] and kill him. I even have a reason to confront

Islam has gifted us a better manner of greeting than yours, which is the greeting of the dwellers of paradise. Tell me, why have you come?” ‘Umair replied, “I have come to discuss a prisoner (i.e., his son) who is in your captivity. My request is that you deal kindly in this regard.” Looking upon his unsheathed sword, the Holy Prophetsa asked, “Then what is the need for this sword?”

‘Umair answered, “May God destroy this sword. Have you left us in any worthy state?

Did this sword do us any good previously?”

The Holy Prophetsa then said, “Tell me the truth as to why you have come.” (He did not believe what he was saying.) ‘Umair replied, “In all honesty, I have not come for any other purpose than to discuss this prisoner.” It is then that the Holy Prophetsa stated, “No. In fact, you were sat one day by the Hateem with Safwan bin Umayyah speaking about the Quraish who had been killed at the Battle of Badr and were thrown

in a pit. At that time, you said to Safwan that had it not been for your debt and concern for your wife and children, you would have gone to kill Muhammad. Safwan agreed to pay off your debt and take responsibility for your wife and children on the condition that you kill me.”

Allah the Almighty must have informed His Messengersa regarding what took place.

It is mentioned in this narration that ‘Umair at once proclaimed, “I bear witness that you are the Messengersa of Allah. O Messenger of Allah, we used to deny what you received from heaven and the revelation revealed to you. As for this matter, at that time, there was no one present at the Hateem other than Safwan and I, nor did anyone know of our conversation. Therefore, by God, no one other than Allah the Almighty could have informed you of this. All praise belongs to Allah, Who has guided us towards Islam and enabled me to follow this path.” Umair

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then recited the Kalimah [Islamic creed].

The Holy Prophetsa said to the companions, “Teach your brother about the faith and the Holy Quran, and free the prisoner.” The companions acted upon these instructions at once. Hazrat ‘Umairra then said to the Holy Prophetsa, “O Messengersa of Allah, I spent all my time trying to extinguish the light of Allah, and vigorously persecuted those who had accepted His religion. I now desire for you to permit me to go to Mecca to call the people there towards Allah and invite them to Islam.

Perhaps Allah Almighty will guide them. If not, then I shall torment them for their idol worship, just as I used to torment you and your companions for accepting Islam.” The Holy Prophetsa thus permitted him to go to Mecca. He did not permit him to go to cause them harm, but rather to preach to them.

Hence, he returned to Mecca, and his son Wahb bin ‘Umair also accepted Islam.

After ‘Umair departed from Mecca, Safwan began telling the people, “I give you the glad tidings of an incident that shall take place very soon that will cause you to forget about the tragedy and woes of the Battle of Badr,” and Safwan would enquire from the incoming caravans about ‘Umair.

Eventually, one caravan reached Mecca and informed Safwan that ‘Umair had accepted Islam. Safwan swore that he would never speak to him again, nor do any good to him.

Thereafter, when ‘Umair reached Mecca (he had become Muslim by then), he did not go directly to Safwan’s house. Rather, he went straight to his own home to announce to his family that he had accepted Islam and to invite them to Islam. When news of this reached Safwan, he said, “I knew already why he went to his own home instead of to me. He has become an infidel and gone astray. I shall never speak to him from now on, nor shall his family ever derive any benefit from me.”

The idolaters considered their idolatry to be a religion, and the worship of the One God to be misguidance. This is the case nowadays as well. Then, ‘Umair went to Safwan bin Umayyah and proclaimed to him, “You are among our chiefs. You know full well that we used to worship the stones and offer sacrifices to them. Was that truly a religion? I bear witness that there is none worthy of worship except Allah, and Muhammadsa is the Messenger of Allah.”

However, Safwan did not respond to what Umair said, nor did he pay any attention to him. (‘Ali bin Burhan al-Din al-Halabi, Al-Sirah al-Halabiyyah, Vol. 2 [Beirut, Lebanon: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah, 2002], pp. 268-270) Hazrat Mirza Bashir Ahmad Sahibra has mentioned this incident in Sirat KhatamunNabiyyin as follows: “[…] the disbelievers of Mecca, who until now were fighting on the basis of apparent force and arrogance, now began to incline towards secret conspiracies, after facing defeat by the Muslims in an open arena. Hence, the following occurrence, which took place only a few days after Badr, is categorical evidence of this threat. As such, it is written that a few days after Badr, ‘Umair bin Wahb and Ṣafwan bin Umayyah bin Khalaf who were influential among the Quraish, were sitting in the courtyard of the Ka‘bah mourning the casualties of Badr.”

And they were speaking about the other matters that have already been mentioned.

They were saying that life is no longer worth living and ‘Umair even said: “I am prepared to put my life in danger, but the thought of my children and debts restrains me. I also have an excuse to go there because my son is a prisoner there. If I go there I would kill Muhammad[sa].” (God-forbid). Nonetheless, after this, Safwan agreed to pay his debt and to look after his children, as has been mentioned already.

Following this Hazrat Mirza Bashir Ahmad Sahibra writes: “Umair boiled a sword in poison and set out from Mecca.

When he reached Madinah, Hazrat Umarra who was very intelligent in such matters, became apprehensive. He immediately went to the Holy Prophetsa and informed him that ‘Umair had come and that he was apprehensive in this regard. The Holy Prophetsa instructed him to bring ‘Umair.

Hazrat Umarra went to bring ‘Umair, but before leaving, he told the Companions that he was going to bring ‘Umair in order to meet the Holy Prophetsa, however, he doubted his intentions and they should go and sit with the Holy Prophetsa, and remain vigilant. After this, Hazrat Umarra brought ‘Umair and arrived in the presence of the Holy Prophetsa. The Holy Prophetsa kindly asked ‘Umair to sit next to him and inquired, ‘How have you come ‘Umair?’

‘Umair responded, ‘My son has been made a prisoner at your hand. I have come to obtain his release.’ The Holy Prophetsa said, ‘Why then have you hung this sword upon your shoulder?’ He responded, ‘What do you ask of the sword? Did the swords do us any good at Badr?’ (He tried to respond in a clever manner). The Holy Prophetsa urged, ‘Tell me the truth as to why you have come.’ ‘As I have just mentioned,’ he said, ‘I have come to obtain the release of my son.’ The Holy Prophetsa said, ‘Well then, in other words, you have not hatched a conspiracy with Safwan in the courtyard of the Ka‘bah?” (The Holy Prophetsa hinted towards the plot) ‘Umair was thrown aback, but managed to regain himself and said, ‘I have made no such conspiracy.’ The Holy Prophetsa said, ‘Did you not conspire to kill me? But remember, God shall not afford you the ability to reach me.’ ‘Umair went into a state of deep reflection and said: ‘You speak the truth, we did in fact conspire as you have mentioned. It seems however, as if God is with you, Who has informed you of our intentions. For there was no third individual present among us when Safwan and I were discussing this matter. Perhaps Allah brought about this plan of ours in order to make me believe. I believe in you with a sincere heart.’

The Holy Prophetsa was pleased with the acceptance of ‘Umair and said to the Companions, ‘Now he is your brother.

Instruct him in the teachings of Islam and release his prisoner.’ Therefore, ‘Umair bin Wahbra became a Muslim and it was not long before he progressed distinctly in his faith and sincerity. Ultimately, he became so captivated by the light of truth that he urged the Holy Prophetsa to permit him to go to Mecca so that he could preach to the people there.

The Holy Prophetsa granted him permission and upon reaching Mecca, he secretly converted many people through his fervent preaching. Day in and day out, Safwan, waited anxiously to hear news of the assassination of the Holy Prophetsa, and

would tell the Quraish to prepare for good news. However, when he witnessed this sight, he lost his mind.” (Sirat KhatamunNabiyyin, pp. 374-376) After the Battle of Badr, some people became Muslim, but in reality they were hypocrites. Among them was Abdullah bin Ubayy bin Sulul. Commenting on verses 9 and 10 of Surah al-Baqarah, Allamah Ibn Kathir writes: “After the incident of Badr, when Allah the Almighty had granted supremacy to His Kalimah, honouring Islam and Muslims in the process, Abdullah bin Ubayy bin Sulul, who was the leader of the Banu Khazraj – and in the Era of Ignorance was the leader of both the tribes of the Aus and Khazraj – wished to rule over the people. (i.e. the people wished to make Abdullah bin Ubayy the leader). In one narration, it is mentioned that his people had even made the crown and were in the process of crowning him king when virtue descended (i.e. when the message of Islam reached) and people accepted Islam and overlooked him. For this reason, he resented Islam and its followers from the bottom of his heart. When the battle of Badr took place, he thought to himself that this message is beginning to take root and becoming stronger. Initially, he thought that they [Muslims] were few in number, but when the Muslims won the Battle of Badr, he became worried. Therefore, he seemingly accepted Islam. Following behind him, a group of his associates also accepted Islam. Some were from among the People of the Book.” (Ibn Kathir, Tafsir Ibn Kathir, Vol. 1, Under the verse: ‘Wa min al-Nas man Yaqulu…Wa ma Yash’urun’ [Beirut, Lebanon: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah, 1998], p. 87; Mustafa ‘Abd alWahid, Subul al-Huda wa al-Rashad fi Sirat Khair al-‘Ibad, Vol. 3 [Beirut, Lebanon: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah, 1993], p. 418) With regards to this, Hazrat Mirza Bashir Ahmad Sahibra writes: “Until now, many people from the tribes of Aus and Khazraj still stood firm upon polytheism. The victory of Badr resulted in a movement among these people and upon witnessing this magnificent and extraordinary victory, many people from among them became convinced of the truth of Islam. Thereafter, the element of idol worship began to diminish very rapidly in Madinah. However, there were also some in whose hearts this victory of Islam had sparked a fire of rancour and jealousy. Finding it unwise to oppose openly, apparently they accepted Islam, but from the inside they sought to uproot it and joined the party of the hypocrites. The most prominent among the latter class of people was ‘Abdullah bin Ubayy bin Sulul, who was a very renowned chieftain of the Khazraj tribe. Due to the arrival of the Holy Prophetsa to Madinah, he had already suffered the shock of having his leadership taken from him. After Badr, this individual became a Muslim at the outset, but his heart was satiated with malice and enmity towards Islam. He became the leader of hypocrisy and secretly began to hatch a series of conspiracies against Islam and the Holy Prophetsa. As such, it shall become evident from events, which unfolded hereafter that on certain occasions, this individual became a means of creating very delicate situations for Islam.” (Sirat Khatamun-Nabiyyin, pp.

376-377) This entails a separate and detailed

account.

Ghazwah Banu Sulaim or Qarqarat alKudr.

Just after a few days of returning from the Battle of Badr, the Holy Prophetsa learnt of the news that members of the Banu Sulaim and Banu Ghatafan had gathered at Qarqarat al-Kudr and were conspiring to launch an attack on Madinah. Qarqarat al-Kudr was the name of a spring located in a barren land. This area was situated in Najd on the route between Mecca and Syria and was 96 miles from Madinah. Upon receiving this news, the Holy Prophetsa made the decision to march towards the Banu Sulaim and the Banu Ghatafan and to completely frustrate their evil plans. The Holy Prophetsa took an army of 300 men and headed towards Qarqarat al-Kudr.

There are varying opinions with regard to when they departed for this expedition.

According to Ibn Ishaq, the Holy Prophetsa departed for this expedition on the 7th day upon returning from the Battle of Badr in 2 AH at the end of Ramadan or the beginning of Shawwal. In Al-Tabaqat by Ibn Sa’d it is written that the expedition of Banu Sulaim took place on 6th Jamadi al-Ula. According to Waqdi, this expedition took place in the middle of the month of Muharram in 3 AH. The narrations of Waqdi, however, are usually weak. This expedition was led by the Holy Prophetsa himself, and the flag of the Muslims was white and held by Hazrat Alira. (‘Ali bin Burhan al-Din al-Halabi, Al-Sirah al-Halabiyyah, Vol. 2, Ghazwat Sulaim [Beirut, Lebanon: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah, 2002], p. 281; Ibn Sa’d, AlTabaqat al-Kubra, Vol. 2, Ghazwat Rasul Allah Bani Sulaim [Beirut, Lebanon: Dar alKutub al-‘Ilmiyyah, 1990], p. 27; Ibn Ishaq, Al-Sirah al-Nabawiyyah, Vol. 1, Ghazwat Sulaim [Beirut, Lebanon: Dar al-Kutub al‘Ilmiyyah, 2004], p. 319; Al-Waqidi, Kitab al-Tarikh wa al-Maghazi, Vol. 1, Ghazwat Qararat al-Kudr [Beirut, Lebanon: ‘Alam alKutub, 1984], 182; Farhang-e-Sirat, p. 242, Mu’jam al-Buldan, Vol. 4, p. 501, Al-Munjid, p. 33, under ‘Bard’ and ‘Qarqar’, p. 624) On this occasion, the Holy Prophetsa appointed Hazrat Abdullah bin Umm Maktumra as his deputy in Madinah. It is also mentioned that on this occasion, Hazrat Siba bin Urfutah Ghifarira was also appointed as his deputy in Madinah. One explanation for both of these narrations is that Hazrat Siwara was appointed as his deputy to deal with the administrative matters and just as it was the case in previous instances, Hazrat Abdullah bin Umme Maktumra was appointed to lead the prayers. (‘Ali bin Burhan al-Din al-Halabi, Al-Sirah al-Halabiyyah, Vol. 2, Ghazwat Sulaim [Beirut, Lebanon: Dar alKutub al-‘Ilmiyyah, 2002], p. 280) In any case, when the Banu Sulaim and Banu Ghatafan suddenly learnt the news that a 300-strong Muslim army was approaching, they became terrified as they were not expecting this, and so they fled from there and took refuge in the mountaintops. (Ibn Sa’d, Al-Tabaqat al-Kubra, Vol. 2, Ghazwat Rasul Allah Bani Sulaim [Beirut, Lebanon: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah, 1990], p. 26) When the Holy Prophetsa along with his army, reached the valley of Kudr, he noticed the footprints of the camels and also a reservoir, however, he did not find a single person from among the enemy. (Al-Waqidi, Kitab al-Tarikh wa al-Maghazi, Vol. 1, Ghazwat Qararat al-Kudr [Beirut, Lebanon:

AL HAKAM | Friday 27 October 2023 ‘Alam al-Kutub, 1984], p. 182) The Holy Prophetsa dispatched a group of companions towards the elevated area of the valley and he himself proceeded towards the heart of the middle of the valley without any resistance. The Holy Prophetsa came across some of the shepherds of the tribes and among them was someone called Yassar.

The Holy Prophetsa enquired from him about the people of Sulaim and Ghatafan and he replied, “I have no knowledge about them. I simply provide water for the camels; some of them are given water on the fifth day and some are given water on the fourth day. The local people have ascended to the elevated area of the mountains where the water springs are located. We however have remained with the herd of camels and are not involved with them.” Since these people had come with the intention of war and these [camels] were part of their provisions, therefore the camels and the shepherds were taken captive. The Holy Prophetsa remained there for 3 nights – and according to another narration, he remained there for 10 days – but for however long the Holy Prophetsa remained there, no one had the courage to challenge the Holy Prophetsa.

And so, without engaging in any battle, the Holy Prophetsa returned victorious. (Sharh al-Zurqani ‘ala al-Mawahib al-Laduniyyah, Vol. 2, Ghazwat Bani Sulaim [Beirut, Lebanon: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah, 1996], p. 325) In one narration it is mentioned that a total of 500 camels were acquired by the Holy Prophetsa as part of the spoils of war.

Since these people had come with the intention of waging a war and had left their provisions and possessions there, therefore, as per the customary practices of the time, it was lawful to take possession of their wealth and they were deemed as spoils of war. The Holy Prophetsa separated onefifth from it and distributed the remaining 400 camels amongst the Muslims. Each soldier was given 2 camels and this army comprised of 200 soldiers. Yassar, who was a shepherd, had come in the possession of the Holy Prophetsa and he subsequently freed him. The Holy Prophetsa remained outside of Madinah for 15 days during this expedition. (Mustafa ‘Abd al-Wahid, Subul al-Huda wa al-Rashad fi Sirat Khair al-‘Ibad, Vol. 4 [Beirut, Lebanon: Dar al-Kutub al‘Ilmiyyah, 1993], 172) The details of this incident have been written by Hazrat Mirza Bashir Ahmad Sahibra in Sirat Khatamun-Nabiyyin: “…after the migration, the Quraish of Mecca toured the various tribes of Arabia and turned many of them into deadly enemies of the Muslims. Among these tribes, with respect to strength and number, the most noteworthy were two tribes residing in the central region of Arabia, known as Najd. Their names were Banu Sulaim and Banu Ghatafan. The Quraish of Mecca had especially tied these two tribes to themselves and incited them against the Muslims. As such, Sir William Muir writes: ‘The Coreish [sic] now turned their eyes towards this territory [i.e., Najd], and entered into closer bonds with the tribes inhabiting it. Henceforth the attitude of the Bani Suleim [sic] and Ghatafân, especially of the former, became actively hostile towards Mahomet [sic], which took on a physical form. Incited by the Coreish, and by the example of Abu Sofian, [sic] they

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now projected a plundering attack upon Medina.’”

He is an orientalist, but despite this he accepted that they all joined forces and wanted to attack Medina. Therefore, they were treated in the same manner and whatever spoils of war were gained was lawful. Nonetheless, Hazrat Mirza Bashir Ahmad Sahibra further says: “Thus, when the Holy Prophetsa returned from Badr, it had only been a few days since his arrival in Medina, when he received news that a large army consisting of the tribes of Sulaim and Ghatafan were assembling in Qarqarat al-Kudr with the intention of attacking Medina. The arrival of this intelligence so promptly after the Battle of Badr demonstrates that when the army of the Quraish set out from Mecca with the intention of attacking the Muslims, at the very same time the chieftains of the Quraish must have relayed a message to the tribes of Sulaim and Ghatafan, urging them to attack Medina from the opposing front. It is also possible that when Abu Sufyan slipped away and escaped with his caravan, by means of an emissary, etc., he may have urged these tribes to go forth against the Muslims. In any case, the Holy Prophetsa had only just arrived in Medina after becoming free from the Battle of Badr, when the horrific news was received that the tribes of Sulaim and Ghatafan were about to wage an onslaught against the Muslims. Upon receiving this news, as a pre-emptive measure, the Holy Prophetsa immediately assembled a force of the Companions and set out towards Najd.

However, after undertaking an arduous journey of many days, when the Holy Prophetsa reached the Qirqirah, (i.e., the desolate plain) of a place known as Al-Kudr, he found that upon receiving news of the imminent arrival of the Muslims, the people of the Banu Sulaim and Banu Ghatafan had taken refuge in the nearby mountains. The Holy Prophetsa dispatched a detachment of Muslims in search of them and proceeded to the heart of the valley himself, but no trace of them could be found. Albeit, they were able to find a large herd of camels grazing in the nearby valley, which belonged to them, and according to the laws of warfare, the companions seized it; thereafter the Holy Prophetsa returned to Medina. The shepherd of these camels was a slave named Yassar, who had been taken captive along with the camels. The company of the Holy Prophetsa so deeply influenced this person that after a short period of time, he became a Muslim.

Although, according to custom, the Holy Prophetsa freed him as an act of benevolence, he still did not leave the service of the Holy Prophetsa until his last breath.” (Sirat Khatamun-Nabiyyin, pp. 452-453) Regarding the first Eid al-Fitr of Muslims which took place in Shawwal 2 AH, it is recorded that in the second year after migration, upon the completion of the month of Ramadan, the Holy Prophetsa offered the first Eid al-Fitr. (Da’irah Ma’arif Sirat Muhammad Rasul Allah, Vol. 6 [Lahore: Dar al-Ma’arif, 2022], p. 362) The Holy Prophetsa asked, “What is the reality and significance of the two days you celebrated during the era of ignorance?”

The people living there responded, “we celebrated festivals just as is common today.”

The Holy Prophetsa said, “Allah the Almighty has ordained for you two days better than those festivals.” The Companions intently

asked, “What days are those, O Messengersa of Allah?” The Holy Prophetsa responded, “Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha. During these days, no one should keep a fast, rather they should eat, drink and rejoice.” On both of these days, the Holy Prophetsa would go to the site for Eid prayers, which was located towards the eastern part of Medina. On the day of Eid, the Holy Prophetsa would head to the prayers using one route and would return home from a different route. In this way, a large congregation would form and this would strike awe into the hearts of the non-Muslims. On one occasion the Holy Prophetsa led the Eid prayer in Masjid Nabawi, because on that occasion, it rained heavily. (Qasim Mahmood, Sirat al-Nabisa ka Encyclopedia, Vol. 1 [Lahore: Maktabat al-Faisal, 2014], p. 411) Regarding this Eid al-Fitr, Hazrat Mirza Bashir Ahmad Sahibra writes: “At the end of Ramadan, after the fasting of Ramadan had been ordained, the Holy Prophetsa issued the injunction of SadaqatulFitr, according to divine command. Every Muslim who possessed the capacity to do so was enjoined to contribute one Sa‘ of dates, grapes, barley or wheat, etc., per person on behalf of himself, his family and dependents, as charity prior to Eid. This charity was distributed among the poor, needy, orphans and widows, etc., so that this may serve as an expiation for any lapses which may have occurred during the worship of fasting and a means of aid may be arranged for the poor on the occasion of Eid. As such, according to the command of the Holy Prophetsa, prior to every Eid at the end of Ramadan, SadaqatulFitr was formally collected from every young and old Muslim man and woman, and distributed among the orphans, poor and needy.”

It was in this very year that Eid al-Fitr began as well. In other words, the Holy Prophetsa ordered that upon the completion of the month of Ramadan, the Muslims should celebrate Eid on the first of Shawwal.

This Eid was in the joy that Allah the Exalted had granted them the ability to offer worship in Ramadan. However, it is immensely fascinating that even for the expression of this joy, the Holy Prophetsa prescribed a worship. As such, he ordered that on the day of Eid, all the Muslims should congregate in an open space and offer two Rak‘at of Salat.

Then, after this Salat, the Muslims should of course, express their outward joy as well, because when the soul experiences joy, it is a right for the body to partake of it as well. In actuality, Allah the Almighty has placed an Eid at the end of all those significant forms of worship which are observed collectively.

The Eid of the Salat is the Friday Prayer service, which arrives after the observance of Salat for one week. This has been referred to as the most superior of all the festivals of Eid. Then, the Eid of fasting is Eid-ulFitr, which arrives at the close of Ramadan.

The Eid of Hajj is Eid-ul-Adha, which is celebrated on the second day of Hajj. All of these festivals of Eid are a form of worship in themselves. Therefore, the festivals of Eid in Islam possess a wonderful magnificence, and substantial light is shed upon the reality of Islam. One receives an opportunity to contemplate as to how Islam wishes to bind every action of the Muslims to the remembrance of Allah.”

Hence, this is the importance of the Eid festivals, wherein we should not merely

celebrate but also remember Allah the Almighty and engage in worship. Hazrat Mirza Bashir Ahmad Sahibra continues: “I would have to divert from history, otherwise I would discuss how Islam has made the remembrance of God an inherent part of a Muslim’s every movement, repose, word and action. This is true to the extent that even insignificant actions in our daily lives are tied to remembering God, whether it be to stand or sit, to sleep or wake, to eat or drink, to wash and bathe, to change clothes, to wear shoes, to exit or enter your home, to begin or return from a journey, to sell or purchase something, to ascend or descend an incline, to enter or exit a mosque, to meet a friend, to face an enemy, to see a new moon, or to go unto your wife. In short, every action from beginning to end – even upon sneezing or yawning – has been in some way linked to the remembrance of God.” Thus, this is the true teaching of Islam – to be mindful of Allah the Almighty at all times and in all matters – which every true Muslim should keep in view.

“It is no surprise that in such a state, the Arab disbelievers remarked regarding the Holy Prophetsa – who actually brought this teaching, or according to the disbelievers, who conjured it – that he was madly in love with God. In truth, a worldly person cannot consider such sentiments as anything other than madness, however, anyone who has understood truly the reality of their existence knows that this is the very meaning of life.”

(Sirat Khatamun-Nabiyyin, pp. 337-338) The true essence of life is in always remembering God Almighty.

During the time between the Battle of Badr and the Battle of Uhud, two incidents have been mentioned which are improbable.

Even if one takes a cursory glance at these incidents, it is clear and evident that they have been fabricated. The first incident is the murder of Asma bint Marwan. It is said that she was killed, and in context to this incident, there is also mention of Hazrat Umair bin Adi Khitmira who was a blind companion [of the Holy Prophetsa]. Hazrat Umairra was the first Muslim among the Banu Khitma tribe.

In the second year following the migration when five nights remained in the month of Ramadan, the Holy Prophetsa sent Umair bin Adi Khitmira to Asma bint Marwan, a Jewish woman married to Marsad bin Zaid bin Hisan Ansari, who had accepted Islam.

It is alleged that the order to kill Asma bint Marwan was given because she maligned Islam that he was sent because she used vulgar language against Islam and that she incited people against the Holy Prophetsa, and would recite derogatory poetry.

According to one narration, this woman would throw dirty clothes into the Prophet’s Mosque. In order to lend support to this tale, it was also mentioned in the narration that through these means, she would cause pain to the Holy Prophetsa and the Muslims.

According to this narration, Hazrat Umairra entered her home in the darkness of night upon the Holy Prophet’ssa instruction. Her children were sleeping around her and she was feeding milk to one of her children.

Umairra checked to see where she was and took the child away from her. He drew his sword to her chest and thrust it into her with full force, piercing through her back.

Following this, Umair bin Adira returned to Medina and offered the morning prayer being

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the Holy Prophetsa. When the Holy Prophetsa concluded his prayer and stood up, his eyes found Umairra. The Holy Prophetsa asked him if he had killed Marwan’s daughter, and he replied in the affirmative, inquiring, “Will I be charged with the sin of her murder?”

This is what he asked at this time. On one hand, it is reported that the Holy Prophetsa had sent him, and on the other hand, he is asking if he would be held accountable for the killing. The Holy Prophetsa responded by saying an uncommon Arabic proverb:

ََْ ُ َْ َ ‫اِن‬ ِ‫ِف‬ ‫َلا َيَْنَت ِ​ِطُح‬ ِ ‫َعْنَز‬ ‫یها‬

“Even two goats would not quarrel over this matter.” That is, the murder of that woman was such an insignificant matter that even an opponent would not object to it. It is recorded that this proverb was never said by anyone other than the Holy Prophetsa.

It is found only in this single narration.

Nonetheless, following this incident, the Holy Prophetsa gave Umairra the name of “Basir”, which means the one who possesses sight. Hazrat Umar bin al-Khattabra remarked, “Observe how this blind man spent his night in the obedience of God.” The Holy Prophetsa responded, “Do not call him blind, rather, call him “Basir.”

In another narration, the murder of Asma is mentioned in the following manner.

When the Holy Prophetsa decided that Asma bint Marwan should be killed, he asked the people, “Is there anyone who will rid us of this woman?” Upon this, Umair bin Adi said, “I will take the responsibility of completing this task.” After this, he went to her at a time when she was selling dates. Pointing to the dates before him, he asked her, “Do you have any dates that are better than these?” She replied in the affirmative and then went into her home and bent down to pick up some dates. Umair looked to the right and left, then struck her on the head and killed her.

It was then that the Holy Prophetsa stated, “If you desire to see a man who helped Allah and His messenger, look to Umair bin Adi.” In another narration, it is mentioned that when the Holy Prophetsa decreed it lawful to kill Asma bint Marwan, Hazrat Umairra swore an oath that if Allah the Almighty brought the Holy Prophetsa safely back to Medina after the Battle of Badr, he would kill Asma. He intended to kill her after returning from the battle. When the Holy Prophetsa returned to Medina after being victorious at Badr, Hazrat Umairra went to Asma’s house and killed her to fulfil his oath. According to another narration, when Hazrat Umairra returned to his neighbourhood after killing Asma bint Marwan, her son was burying his mother with a group of others. Upon sighting Umair, they asked him if he had killed her. He replied in the affirmative and then said:

َُْ َُ َ ‫َ​َف ِ​ِك ْ​ْي ُ​ُد ْ​ْو‬ ‫ُتْن ِ​ِظ ُ​ُر ْ​ْو ِ​ِن‬ ‫ُث �َّم لَا‬ ‫َج ِ​ِم ْ​ْي ً​ًعا‬ ‫ني‬

He also said, “All of you, plot against me and give me no respite. I swear by He Who has control over my life, even if all of you join together and begin to utter the words this woman did, I will begin to sever all your necks until either I attain martyrdom or send you to hell.” From that day onwards, Islam spread through the Banu Khitma tribe, for until then, those who had accepted

Islam from among them would conceal their faith.

Allamah Suhaili writes that the one to kill Asma was her husband. In Al-Isti’ab, in reference to Hazrat Umairra, it is written that he also killed his sister because she used to slander the Holy Prophetsa. However, in Al-Isti’ab the name of Umair’s sister is not mentioned. (‘Ali bin Burhan al-Din alHalabi, Al-Sirah al-Halabiyyah [translation], Vol. 3 [Lahore: Dar al-Isha’ah, 2009], pp.

482-485; Mustafa ‘Abd al-Wahid, Subul alHuda wa al-Rashad fi Sirat Khair al-‘Ibad, Vol. 6 [Beirut, Lebanon: Dar al-Kutub al‘Ilmiyyah, 1993], p. 21) So, this is the entire incident which has been narrated. This incident is mentioned in some books of history, however, it is not mentioned in any of the six authentic books of Ahadith or any other authentic book of traditions. The reality is that not only did some people in later times include such fictitious and fabricated incidents in their books but they even started to use them as justifications for their punishments of blasphemy against the Prophetsa. This is exactly what today’s clerics do, they take this point and use it as an argument in favour of killing anyone who dishonours the Holy Prophetsa, whereas there is no such punishment in Islamic law for dishonouring the Holy Prophetsa, nor do such incidents bear any truth.

For example, when we critically study this incident, it becomes apparent that firstly, this narration is weak on account of its authenticity and Allama Albani has rendered this to be a fabricated narration.

As such, in his book “Silsilatul Ahadith Da’ifah wal Maudu’ah”, Allama Nasiruddin Albani writes that one of its narrators is Muhammad bin Umar Waqidi who is a liar and fabricator, and Ibn Mu’in has declared him to be a weak narrator. (Silsilat alAhadith al-Da’ifah wa al-Maudu’ah, Vol. 13 [Riyad: Maktabat al-Ma’arif, 2004], pp. 3435, Riwayat 6013) When rationally analyse the events of this narration, there are many questions that arise. For example, how did the Companion reach this woman’s home on his own despite being blind? They may claim that he had visited the path before, or had frequently gone there and so he was able to estimate the path along his way, but then how was it that he went alone at night, arrived directly at the door, went inside and found the woman? How did he know that her children were sleeping around her? If one says he felt around for each of them, but then how could it be that as he was feeling around nobody woke up? How did he also figure out that she was feeding her child? Then, how was it that upon realising she was being attacked, she did not try to save herself from the blind man or put up a fight?

According to the narration, the assailant forcibly removed the child who was being fed. Despite him being blind, the woman who could see did not cry out or resist.

Her husband was also sleeping there, was he not aware of anything? Above all, how did the blind Companion discern who was there without calling out? Usually, visually impaired people recognise others by their voice, therefore how could he be certain that

it was indeed Asma bint Marwan.

Furthermore, there are varying narrations in relation to this incident. In another narration, it is mentioned that when the woman went inside to get some dates, the Companion looked around but did not see anyone. This is something to think about, because the Companion was blind.

How could he have been looking around and claimed that he did not see anyone? Did he see the dates that were there in order to be able to say that the dates were not ripe?

Someone could say that he felt them with his hands and that can be accepted, but that still puts doubt on the the matter of him looking around.

In one narration it is recorded that when the Companion went to the Holy Prophetsa after killing the woman and informed him about this, he returned to the same place and found the woman’s sons burying her.

This is also something to consider; how is it possible that he had just killed her, and in such a short span of time her sons came to bury her and all the matters were tended to in such a short period of time? Aside from this, there has been some research carried out from our perspective, that I will mention: there are other discrepancies that prove this incident to be fictitious and fabricated; most narrations mention the woman’s name being Asma bint Marwan, whereas according to the author of Al-Isti’ab, she was not Asma, rather she was Umair’s sister Bint Adi. (Ibn ‘Abd al-Barr, Al-Isti‘ab fi Ma’rifat al-Ashab, Vol. 3, Dhikr Umair bin Adiyy al-Khitmi [Beirut, Lebanon: Dar alKutub al-‘Ilmiyyah, 2002], p. 291) Secondly, in most instances, the assailant’s name is recorded as Umair bin Adi, however, there are other instances where it is recorded as Amr bin Adi. (Ibn Hazm, Jawami’ al-Sirah [Beirut, Lebanon: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah, 2003], p. 19) According to Ibn Duraid the assailant’s name was Ghishmir. (Sharh al-Zurqani ‘ala al-Mawahib al-Laduniyyah, Vol. 2 [Beirut, Lebanon: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah, 1996], p. 342) According to some other narrations, none of these was the assailant’s name, rather someone from among the woman’s own tribe killed her when she was selling dates. (Sharh al-Zurqani ‘ala al-Mawahib al-Laduniyyah, Vol. 2 [Beirut, Lebanon: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah, 1996], p. 344) According to Ibn Sa’d, the murder took place in the middle of the night, whereas in Zurqani’s narration, it is recorded as happening during the day or in the evening, because according to the narration, the target was selling dates at the time. (Ibn Sa’d, Al-Tabaqat al-Kubra, Vol. 2 [Beirut, Lebanon: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah, 1990], p. 21; Sharh al-Zurqani ‘ala al-Mawahib alLaduniyyah, Vol. 2 [Beirut, Lebanon: Dar alKutub al-‘Ilmiyyah, 1996], p. 344) There are also discrepancies regarding how the crime was committed; whether she was strangled, stabbed in the stomach with a dagger, whether she was killed at night as she slept or whether under the pretence of purchasing dates from her, she was followed to her home and then strangled.

Then, according to Sirat Ibn Hisham, she became a hypocrite when Abu Afak was

killed. This indicates that she was previously a Muslim and became a hypocrite upon hearing about the killing of Abu Afak. If she was a Muslim before this, then how could she have written blasphemous poetry about the Holy Prophetsa and disrespect the mosque?

According to the narration by Waqidi, Umair said, “O Allah, I have taken upon myself a vow for Your sake. If I return to Medina with the Holy Prophetsa, then I will certainly kill her”. However, according to the author of Dairah Ma’arif Sirat Muhammad Rasulullahsa he was blind, due to which he could not partake in the Battle of Badr. It is with reference to this incident that the same author has mentioned Waqidi’s conflicting statement that despite being blind he used to take part in Jihad. (Da’irah Ma’arif Sirat Muhammad Rasul Allah, Vol. 6 [Lahore: Dar al-Ma’arif, 2022], pp. 428-429; AlWaqidi, Kitab al-Tarikh wa al-Maghazi, Vol. 1 [Beirut, Lebanon: Dar al-Kutub al‘Ilmiyyah, 2013], p. 121) They themselves mix up false narrations.

If this incident is not fictitious and fabricated, then why have books of history such as Tarikh al-Tabari, Tarikh Ibn Kathir and others not mentioned it?

It has only briefly been mentioned in certain books, such as Al-Tabaqat al-Kubra

by Ibn Sa’d etc. There are some who have briefly mentioned this incident, however, Waqidi has mentioned it in some detail.

This incident is not mentioned in books of Hadith, whereas the authors of books of Hadith have included all narrations which have been attributed to the Holy Prophetsa.

Why then has this incident not been included? Then, according to this narration, if the Holy Prophetsa himself sent the Companion to kill this woman, then why did the Companion go on to ask the Holy Prophetsa whether he would be punished for killing her, as I mentioned before?

If this incident had taken place, then the Jewish people would have surely claimed that the Muslims had broken their treaty by killing Asma bint Marwan and sought to disturb the peace of Medina. However, historians such as [the writers of] Al-Raud al-Unuf and Tarikh al-Tabari agree that the first conflict between the Muslims and the Jewish people was the Expedition of Banu Qaynuqa. (Ibn Hisham, Al-Raud al-Unuf fi Tafsir al-Sirah al-Nabawiyyah, Vol. 3 [Beirut, Lebanon: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah, 2013], p. 225; Muhammad Ibn Jarir al-Tabari, Tarikh al-Tabari, Vol. 2 [Beirut, Lebanon: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah, 2012], p. 48) Hence, there was no such reaction by the Jewish people. As such, these factors prove this incident to be highly doubtful, in fact, it is completely false. Extremist clerics have given importance to these incidents, thereby defaming the beautiful teachings of Islam.

Today, they fabricate similar stories in order to carry out their extremist activities against Ahmadis, and these clerics incite others as well.

The second incident is similar to this one.

I will mention it in the future, God-willing.

That is also clearly proven to be false.

(Official Urdu transcript published in the Daily Al Fazl International, 20 October 2023, pp. 2-7. Translated by The Review of Religions.)

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