E모든 변형문제 영어독해연습 1~4

E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영어독해연습

도서출판 공터 (www.alot.co.kr) |1강 3|

|1강 1|

1. 주어진

3.

글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은? 1)

Having worked with many clients over the years, I have been occasionally surprised to watch as one of them experienced an amazing “aha!” of recognition and had an internal shift after watching a movie.

(A) In other words, they maintained an observer perspective. In some cases, instead of identifying with a character, the client was highly critical of them.

(B) These clients were able to identify with characters who had struggles similar to their own. But while they identified with the characters, it was also somehow easier to maintain their distance “outside” the experience.

(C) Either way, the same active principles seemed to apply, and combining the movie experience with psychological exploration during our sessions had powerful results. ① (A)-(C)-(B) ④ (C)-(A)-(B)

② (B)-(A)-(C) ⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)

In any organization, decision makers often find themselves working with simplified data that lacks any sort of context. They often deal with information in the abstract instead of experiencing it for themselves. In many cases,their disconnection from customers forces them to rely on so-called authorities who are anything but. Having an intuitive understanding of other people can help overcome these challenges. Empathy for the people you serve can make the abstract more grounded and immediate because that information is now connected to a real person you know. It can provide context for the data we receive by incorporating factors left off the map. And this kind of connection to other people can, over time, provide the kind of deep experience in a territory that people inside an organization need to identify new opportunities. * off the map 중요하지 않은, 잊혀진

③ (B)-(C)-(A)

|1강 2|

2.

다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은? 3)

① The Necessity of Employees’ Grasping Customer's Mind ② The Need for Empathy for Sales Promotion of The Company ③ The Importance of Good Communication Between Ddecision Makers and Employees ④ The Need for an Intuitive Understanding of Customers ⑤ The Importance of Empathy for Decision Makers

다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않은 것은? 2)

The paradox of modern life is that while technological acceleration — in transportation, communication, and production — should provide ①more free time, those same inventions increase our options at an exponential rate. Email was far ②faster than snail mail, but the Internet also brought Twitter, YouTube, and so on. As the German sociologist Hartmut Rosa described it, “no matter how ③much we increase the ‘pace of life,’” we cannot keep up with the flood of information. The result is that “our share of the world” feels continually ④enlarged , even as we gain more efficient access to it. Estimates are that 90 percent of the world’s data has been created in the last five years. We’re all drowning in information, a reality that makes even the ⑤simplest decisions — where to eat, which health plan to sign up for, which coffee maker to buy — more complicated. *exponential 기하급수적인

본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

- 1 -

저작권법에 의하여 무단전재나 무단복제 및 전송을 금하며, 모든 출판권과 파일 전송권은 도서출판 공터에 있습니다.

E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영어독해연습

도서출판 공터 (www.alot.co.kr) |1강 4|

4. 다음

글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈칸 (A),

(B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?

|1강 5|

5.

4)

다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하 지 않은 것은? 5)

Let’s say you have a great advertising campaign plan.

The theme is memorable, the visuals are impressive, and the words are emphatic. What good is it if those message elements do not reach the intended audience? Suppose you’re selling canned soup. The media team targets traditional users of canned soup — mothers of young children — but the copy team prepares advertisements intended to encourage single people to use the soup for a quick, wholesome meal. The message will not make much sense to the media audience because the media and copy strategies do not match. A great advertising message in front of the wrong audience is a total waste of time and effort. If you focus on the message strategies and ignore the media strategies, you risk damaging the entire package: the campaign, the budget, and everyone’s hard work.

Biographies of human beings are generally about real people, not fictional or mythological characters. Therefore the biographer has a responsibility to the ① truth, and should tell us what actually happened in a person’s life.

This looks like a solid, ② arguable rule for biography.

But there are many ways of ③ breaking it. Plenty of biographers dramatize their narratives with descriptions of emotions, highly coloured scene-setting, or strategies of suspense. Some go further, and deploy full-scale ④ fictional methods: invented meetings between author and subject, imaginary episodes, musings on the identity of the biographer, and hypothetical conversations. Some biographies read more like fiction than history. This can ⑤ attract readers, but can also give the genre a bad name. John Updike once remarked that most biographies are just ‘novels with indexes.’

*emphatic (어조가)강한, 단호한 **wholesome 건강에 좋은

*deploy 효율적으로 사용하다 ** musing(깊은)생각, 숙고



When planning an ad campaign, if the ad doesn’t reach the _____(A)_____ audience, the media plan will ____(B)____ the entire campaign

① ② ③ ④ ⑤

(A) targeted potential targeted potential potential

(B) sabotage sabotage transmit transmit succeed

|1강 6|

6.

다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? 6)

Although psychology and dog training may appear to be quite different professions, the philosophies of how we interact with dogs and with people in a positive way actually have much in common. Furthermore, the evolution of both dog and child psychology have ____________. The concept of positive reinforcement has been around since the early twentieth century, but it has only been in recent years that so much emphasis has been placed on rewarding the good behaviour of children and on maintaining their self-esteem. You are probably aware that in previous generations the physical punishment of children was more acceptable, and the view that ‘children should be seen but not heard’ was much more common.

Similarly, traditional dog-training methods involved correction and punishment, with positive reinforcement virtually unheard of in dog-training circles until the Gentle Modern Method of Dog Training was introduced in the early 1970s. ① ② ③ ④ ⑤

본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

- 2 -

not been related at all followed similar paths had opposing theories developed friendly relationship with humans broken in modern times

저작권법에 의하여 무단전재나 무단복제 및 전송을 금하며, 모든 출판권과 파일 전송권은 도서출판 공터에 있습니다.

E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영어독해연습

도서출판 공터 (www.alot.co.kr) |1강 9|

|1강 7|

7.

다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하

9.

다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하 지 않은 것은? 9)

지 않은 것은?7)

One important factor in our food’s nutritional value is the manner in which it is prepared. Many foods have ① maximum value in their natural state — or as close to that as possible. For instance, when fruit is harvested green, unripened, many of the vitamins we traditionally associate with sun-ripened fruits are simply not present, and certainly not in ② adequate amounts. Certainly, for most fruit or vegetables, heating ③ produces many of their enzymes and vitamins. In the case of water-soluble vitamins, these are ④ lost if the food is boiled and the cooking water discarded. Long-term storage or canning also results in the loss of many of the ⑤ less stable vitamins. Some foods, however, require heat to be made digestible, such as whole grains, some tuberous vegetables, a few fruits, and dried beans. *enzyme 효소 **tuberous 덩이줄기의

In daily life, processes constantly come in conflict as the objectives of one process directly ① oppose the objectives of another. For example, every workday, millions of individuals climb into their cars to start the process known as going to work. For many, the primary objective of this process is to arrive at work at the ② proper time. If the individual feels that this primary objective may not be achieved, then ③ speed is at a premium and other objectives fall by the wayside. This individual then runs into a significant ④ conflict with another objective. Municipalities have developed a series of processes intended to ensure achievement of their primary objective related to safe travel. Speed limits, stop signs, and traffic lanes all work together to ⑤ assist the time-conscious traveler: The driver’s objective (the need for speed) comes in direct conflict with the municipality’s objective (the need for safety). *fall by the wayside더 이상 고려되지 않다 **municipality지방 자치 단체

|1강 10|

|1강 8|

8.

글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 곳은?8)

Then they repeated all that on the same day of the next week, during the same hours of the day.

I remember an experiment I read about many years ago that I admired very much. It occurred in full “real life.” (①) At a building on the campus of a university, the experimenters put up a sign in front of the main door at the center of the building. The sign read, “This door closed.” (②) Then, of the people who came up the steps, they counted the people who, seeing the sign, turned and went away; they also counted the people who went past the sign and into the building. (③) This time, however, the sign read, “This door closed. Please use door at end,” with an arrow pointing off to the side. (④) As you might suppose, a much smaller percentage of people, during the second trial, violated the sign. (⑤) The simple explanation, I think, is that the second sign made it easier for most people coming up the steps to find an alternate route to their goal than did the first sign.

본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

10.

다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? 10)

Athletes know the importance of execution and fundamentals. If you don’t execute well, all the talent in the world is worthless. At crunch time, athletes who worry lose. Those who execute effectively win. An example is hitting a long drive in golf. Once the body is trained to do the task, ________________ only disrupts the muscle memory that knows instinctively what to do.

Cognitive meddling messes up the process. I was once skiing with an advanced skier who came to the top of a steep incline, stopped, and looked down and froze. She had negotiated this slope many times without a problem or trauma, but this time she permitted her head to interfere. Once she looked down and kept looking down, all the unconscious fears took over and she sat down and began to cry. Once that happens, the ability for the body to function normally has been lost and failure becomes a self-fulfilling prophecy.

- 3 -

*crunch time 결정적인 중요한 시간 **meddling 간섭 ① ② ③ ④ ⑤

overworking her muscles looking for a harder course feeling proud of her good memory engaging the head realizing her muscles worked well 저작권법에 의하여 무단전재나 무단복제 및 전송을 금하며, 모든 출판권과 파일 전송권은 도서출판 공터에 있습니다.

E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영어독해연습

도서출판 공터 (www.alot.co.kr) |1강 11|

11.

13.

다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? 11)

To learn what’s new in the world, you have to start with what’s old. This is the paradox that explains why journalists are increasingly becoming_________________.

In trying to attract your attention to their version of the day’s events, firms use many types of signals to convey what their products will contain. The association of the delivery of the news with a particular anchor or reporter is one way for companies to signal what the news product will contain. Though you may not yet know the day’s events, the personalities of Peter Jennings, Larry King, Barbara Walters, Geraldo Rivera, Mike Wallace, or Chris Matthews create for some consumers an image of the type of news they will experience. Though news involves learning about the unfamiliar, the familiarity of readers or viewers with specific journalists becomes a way for news outlets to create expectations about their content. ① ② ③ ④ ⑤

slaves of commodities sales part of the news goods they deliver part of new issues they convey victims for using past documents deliverers of new commercial films

않은 것은? 13)

Having worked with many clients over the years, I have been occasionally surprised to watch as one of them experienced an amazing “aha!” of recognition and had an ① external shift after watching a movie. These clients were able to identify with characters who had struggles ② similar to their own. But while they identified with the characters, it was also somehow easier to maintain their ③ distance “outside” the experience. In other words, they maintained an ④ observer perspective. In some cases, instead of identifying with a character, the client was highly ⑤ critical of them. Either way, the same active principles seemed to apply, and combining the movie experience with psychological exploration during our sessions had powerful results.

14.

다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? 12)

Although it is always necessary to protect children from harm, one difficulty for staff who work in the family home is _______________. How individual families conceptualise childhood affects what they see as acceptable childcare practices and what they expect of children in the family. For example, in some cultures it is expected that siblings will care for their younger brothers or sisters, or have a significant role in their care, whilst in other cultures this is seen as an imposition. Child protection is paramount when working with children and their families. However, balancing protecting children from what individuals see as harmful and respecting the family’s values can be very difficult when individual views on what is acceptable vary. Whether a child is suffering significant harm, or is at risk of suffering significant harm, is the key consideration. ① ② ③ ④ ⑤

다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지

|1강 2|

|1강 12|

12.

|1강 1|

다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?

14)

The paradox of modern life is that while technological acceleration - in transportation, communication, and production - should provide more free time, those same inventions increase our options at an exponential rate.

Email was far faster than snail mail, but the Internet also brought Twitter, YouTube, and so on. As the German sociologist Hartmut Rosa described it, “no matter how much we increase the ‘pace of life,” we cannot keep up with the flood of information. The result is that “our share of the world” feels continually squeezed, even as we gain more efficient access to it. Estimates are that 90 percent of the world’s data has been created in the last five years. We’re all drowning in information, a reality that makes even the simplest decisions — where to eat, which health plan to sign up for, which coffee maker to buy — more complicated. *exponential 기하급수적인 ① Design of Devices Filtering Information ② Social Isolation due to Flood of Information ③ Paradox of Modern Life Caused by the Flood of Information ④ Desocialization Due to Indiscriminate Acceptance of Information ⑤ Technical Acceleration through Information Sharing

considering who will be cared for deciding where to look after receiving training to cope with emergencies building bonds with child’s family members determining what is harmful

본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

- 4 -

저작권법에 의하여 무단전재나 무단복제 및 전송을 금하며, 모든 출판권과 파일 전송권은 도서출판 공터에 있습니다.

E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영어독해연습

도서출판 공터 (www.alot.co.kr) |1강 3|

15.

|1강 5|

17.

주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?15)

주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?17)

In any organization, decision makers often find themselves working with simplified data that lacks any sort of context. They often deal with information in the abstract instead of experiencing it for themselves.

Biographies of human beings are generally about real people, not fictional or mythological characters. Therefore the biographer has a responsibility to the truth, and should tell us what actually happened in a person’s life.

(A) In many cases, their disconnection from customers forces them to rely on so-called authorities who are anything but. Having an intuitive understanding of other people can help overcome these challenges.

(A) This can attract readers, but can also give the genre a bad name. John Updike once remarked that most biographies are just ‘novels with indexes.’

(B) And this kind of connection to other people can, over time, provide the kind of deep experience in a territory that people inside an organization need to identify new opportunities.

(B) Some go further, and deploy full-scale fictional methods: invented meetings between author and subject, imaginary episodes, musings on the identity of the biographer, and hypothetical conversations. Some biographies read more like fiction than history.

(C) Empathy for the people you serve can make the abstract more grounded and immediate because that information is now connected to a real person you know.

It can provide context for the data we receive by incorporating factors left off the map.

(C) This looks like a solid, unarguable rule for biography. But there are many ways of breaking it. Plenty of biographers dramatize their narratives with descriptions of emotions, highly coloured scene-setting, or strategies of suspense.

*off the map 중요하지 않은, 잊혀진 ① (A)-(C)-(B)

② (B)-(A)-(C)

④ (C)-(A)-(B)

⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)

*deploy 효율적으로 사용하다 **musing(깊은)생각, 숙고

③ (B)-(C)-(A)

① (A)-(C)-(B) ④ (C)-(A)-(B)

② (B)-(A)-(C) ⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)

③ (B)-(C)-(A)

|1강 4|

16.

다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?

16)

18.

Let’s say you have a great advertising campaign plan.

The theme is memorable, the visuals are impressive, and the words are emphatic. What good is it if those message elements do not reach the intended audience? Suppose you’re selling canned soup. The media team targets traditional users of canned soup — mothers of young children — but the copy team prepares advertisements intended to encourage single people to use the soup for a quick, wholesome meal. The message will not make much sense to the media audience because the media and copy strategies do not match. A great advertising message in front of the wrong audience ___________________. If you focus on the message strategies and ignore the media strategies, you risk damaging the entire package: the campaign, the budget, and everyone’s hard work. *emphatic (어조가)강한, 단호한 **wholesome 건강에 좋은 ① ② ③ ④ ⑤

doesn’t understand the meaning of the ad decreases the reliability of the ad conveys wrong information about the ad is a total waste of time and effort gradually approaches audience negatively

본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

|1강 6| 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은? 18)

Although psychology and dog training may appear to be quite different professions, the philosophies of how we interact with dogs and with people in a positive way actually ① have much in common. Furthermore, the evolution of both dog and child psychology have followed similar paths. The concept of positive reinforcement ② has been around since the early twentieth century, but ③ this has only been in recent years that so much emphasis has been placed on rewarding the good behaviour of children and on maintaining their self-esteem. You are probably aware ④ that in previous generations the physical punishment of children was more acceptable, and the view that ‘children should be seen but not heard’ was much more common. Similarly, traditional dog-training methods involved correction and punishment, with positive reinforcement virtually ⑤ unheard of in dog-training circles until the Gentle Modern Method of Dog Training was introduced in the early 1970s.

- 5 -

저작권법에 의하여 무단전재나 무단복제 및 전송을 금하며, 모든 출판권과 파일 전송권은 도서출판 공터에 있습니다.

E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영어독해연습

도서출판 공터 (www.alot.co.kr) |1강 7|

19.

다음 글의 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?19)

One important factor in our food’s nutritional value is the manner in which it is prepared. Many foods have maximum value in their natural state — or as close to that as possible.

(A) , when fruit is harvested green, unripened, many of the vitamins we traditionally associate with sun-ripened fruits are simply not present, and certainly not in adequate amounts. Certainly, for most fruit or vegetables, heating destroys many of their enzymes and vitamins. In the case of water-soluble vitamins, these are lost if the food is boiled and the cooking water discarded. Long-term storage or canning also results in the loss of many of the less stable vitamins.

(B) , Some foods require heat to be made digestible, such as whole grains, some tuberous vegetables, a few fruits, and dried beans. *enzyme 효소 **tuberous 덩이줄기의

① ② ③ ④ ⑤

(A) For instance Furthermore For instance Likewise Likewise

(B) On the other hand On the other hand However However Therefore

|1강 9|

21.

글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 곳은?21)

This individual then runs into a significant conflict with another objective.

In daily life, processes constantly come in conflict as the objectives of one process directly oppose the objectives of another. ( ① ) For example, every workday, millions of individuals climb into their cars to start the process known as going to work. ( ② ) For many, the primary objective of this process is to arrive at work at the proper time. ( ③ ) If the individual feels that this primary objective may not be achieved, then speed is at a premium and other objectives fall by the wayside. ( ④ ) Municipalities have developed a series of processes intended to ensure achievement of their primary objective related to safe travel. ( ⑤ ) Speed limits, stop signs, and traffic lanes all work together to frustrate the time-conscious traveler: The driver’s objective (the need for speed) comes in direct conflict with the municipality’s objective (the need for safety). *fall by the wayside더 이상 고려되지 않다 **municipality지방 자치 단체

|1강 10| |1강 8|

20.

22.

다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계 없는 문장은? 22)

다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은? 20)

I remember an experiment I read about many years ago ① that I admired very much. It occurred in full “real life.” At a building on the campus of a university, the experimenters put up a sign in front of the main door at the center of the building. The sign read, “This door closed.” Then, of the people who came up the steps, they counted the people who, ② seeing the sign, turned and went away; they also counted the people who went past the sign and into the building. Then they repeated all that on the same day of the next week, during the same hours of the day. This time, however, the sign read, “This door closed. Please use door at end,” with an arrow ③ pointing off to the side. As you might suppose, a much smaller percentage of people, during the second trial, ④ violated the sign. The simple explanation, I think, is that the second sign made it easier for most people ⑤ to come up the steps to find an alternate route to their goal than did the first sign.

본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

Athletes know the importance of execution and fundamentals. ① If you don’t execute well, all the talent in the world is worthless. At crunch time, athletes who worry lose. ② Those who execute effectively win. An example is hitting a long drive in golf. Once the body is trained to do the task, engaging the head only disrupts the muscle memory that knows instinctively what to do.

Cognitive meddling messes up the process. ③ However, cognitive meddling improves performance by eliminating essential elements that are unnecessary for muscle movement. ④ I was once skiing with an advanced skier who came to the top of a steep incline, stopped, and looked down and froze. ⑤ She had negotiated this slope many times without a problem or trauma, but this time she permitted her head to interfere. Once she looked down and kept looking down, all the unconscious fears took over and she sat down and began to cry. Once that happens, the ability for the body to function normally has been lost and failure becomes a self-fulfilling prophecy. *crunch time 결정적인 중요한 시간 **meddling 간섭

- 6 -

저작권법에 의하여 무단전재나 무단복제 및 전송을 금하며, 모든 출판권과 파일 전송권은 도서출판 공터에 있습니다.

E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영어독해연습

도서출판 공터 (www.alot.co.kr) |1강 11|

23.

다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈칸 (A),

|2강 1|

25. 다음

않은 것은?25)

(B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?23)

To learn what’s new in the world, you have to start with what’s old. This is the paradox that explains why journalists are increasingly becoming part of the news goods they deliver. In trying to attract your attention to their version of the day’s events, firms use many types of signals to convey what their products will contain. The association of the delivery of the news with a particular anchor or reporter is one way for companies to signal what the news product will contain. Though you may not yet know the day’s events, the personalities of Peter Jennings, Larry King, Barbara Walters, Geraldo Rivera, Mike Wallace, or Chris Matthews create for some consumers an image of the type of news they will experience. Though news involves learning about the unfamiliar, the familiarity of readers or viewers with specific journalists becomes a way for news outlets to create expectations about their content. ⇩

Journalists are increasingly becoming signals of part of the news goods they deliver they can ___(A)____ the content of the news through their ____(B)____ with them.

① ② ③ ④ ⑤

(A) anticipate exclude anticipate exclude exclude

(B) closeness closeness unfamiliarity newness unfamiliarity

*retort 반론, 반박 **meandering(대화·논의 등이)두서없이 진행되는

26. 다음

다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은? 24)

Although it is always necessary to protect children from harm, one difficulty for staff who ① work in the family home is determining what is harmful. ② How individual families conceptualise childhood affects what they see as acceptable childcare practices and what they expect of children in the family. For example, in some cultures it is expected that siblings will care for their younger brothers or sisters, or have a significant role in their care, whilst in other cultures this ③ is seen as an imposition. Child protection is paramount when working with children and their families. However, balancing protecting children from what individuals see as harmful and ④ respect the family’s values can be very difficult when individual views on what is acceptable vary.

Whether a child is suffering significant harm, or is at risk of suffering significant harm, ⑤ is the key consideration.

본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

The dominant idea today is that, because creativity resides within the ① culture, we best expose it by telling stories of those rare geniuses — the ones who made the Sistine Chapel, Hamlet or the light bulb. This model basically follows the declaration made by Thomas Carlyle in the 1840s: “The history of the world is but the biography of great men.” The most common ② alternative to the lone-genius model locates creativity in networks. See, for example, Herbert Spencer’s retort to Carlyle that “the genesis of the great man depends” on a “③ long series of complex influences.” “Before he can remake his society,” Spencer wrote, “his society must make him.” Rather than focus on the ④ solitary hero snatching inspiration from the heavens (or the unconscious), this concept emphasizes the long, meandering course of innovation. Instead of heroic individuals, it prioritizes heroic ⑤ cultures — the courts of sixteenth-century Florence, say, or the coffee shops of Enlightenment London.

|2강 2|

|1강 12|

24.

글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지

글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?26)

Green marketing is a phenomenon that has its origin in the 1980s, a time when corporate social responsibility reports and the buzzwords sustainable development and green consumerism gained popularity. One of the biggest challenges of green marketing is the need to address environmental issues while at the same time satisfying core customer needs. This is one of the challenges “green” ad campaigns have to face — convincing consumers that environmental products do not perform lower than regular products. Rather, they often — with regard to specific features — perform better. For example, energy-saving light bulbs last longer, offer better convenience (they do not have to be replaced as often as regular bulbs), and reduce energy expenses. Convenience and fulfillment of basic human needs are two of the most significant reasons why consumers buy green products — not necessarily for environmental reasons but for better value (safety, money). *buzzword 유행어

- 7 -

① ② ③ ④ ⑤

Kill Two Birds With One Stone : Green Products Green Consumerism : Disguised Disaster To Business Environment Or Money And Safety? Which Is Proper?

Why Should We Use Energy-saving Light Bulbs?

What Is Basic Human Needs And How To Get It? 저작권법에 의하여 무단전재나 무단복제 및 전송을 금하며, 모든 출판권과 파일 전송권은 도서출판 공터에 있습니다.

E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영어독해연습

도서출판 공터 (www.alot.co.kr) |2강 3|

27. 다음

29. 주어진

빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?27)

In 1840, the famous German chemist Baron Justus von Liebig, also perhaps the best teacher of chemistry of his day, published a book on organic chemistry. In the book, he argued that plants do not feed directly on humus, as was then generally believed, but exist on simple, inorganic chemicals taken directly from the air and soil.

By analyzing the chemical composition of plants he was able to make a list of these substances, and he showed that plant growth ceases if the availability of just one essential nutrient falls below a certain minimum, regardless of the abundance of all other nutrients. In other words, it is the availability of _______________________, that determines success or failure for plants: if the soil is deficient, say, in boron, no amount of phosphorus will remedy the lack and stimulate vigorous plant growth. *humus 부식질(지표 및 땅속에 존재하는 생물 이외의 유 기물 총체) **boron붕소 ***phosphorus 인(비금속 원소) ① ② ③ ④ ⑤

the the the the the

|2강 5|

sufficient nutrient, not the sparse one environment that is nourishing to them essential element, not the additional one surrounding that is good for reproduction scarcest nutrient, not the most abundant

In a study, researchers interviewed residents of the state of Victoria over many years to see how life events and personality affected people’s happiness.

(A) As the study progressed, it was clear that the same kind of things kept happening to the same people over and over again. Lucky people were lucky again and again. Likewise, people with lots of bad experiences, like relationship breakups and job losses, seemed to encounter one bad thing after another.

(B) They wanted to know the extent to which a person’s personality versus the things that happened to them affected well-being and happiness. Personality might account for, say, 40 percent of happiness, whereas life events might account for 60 percent. Alternatively, perhaps personality would turn out to be more important.

(C) Their assumption that personality and life events would have separate influences on happiness was wrong.

Instead, personality itself had the strongest influence on what happened to people. The optimists had more positive experiences, while the pessimists had more negative experiences.

|2강 4|

28. 다음

글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?29)

① (A)-(C)-(B) ④ (C)-(A)-(B)

② (B)-(A)-(C) ⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)

③ (B)-(C)-(A)

밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않

은 것은?28)

In the early 17th century, when the Netherlands was the world’s leader in commerce, the middle class were ① enthusiastic about tulips, which then led to a bidding war over tulip bulbs. In 1635, the heyday of the tulip bubble, someone was willing to ② pay up to 12 hectares of land in the heart of the city in exchange for a special tulip bulb. Another merchant was willing to pay 4 heads of cattle, 8 pigs, 2 boxes of wine, 4 boxes of beer and 1,000 pounds of cheese in ③ exchange for a bulb named “the governor”. People were all dreaming about becoming millionaires, even billionaires. Of course, this didn’t last for very long. In 1636, one Dutchman woke up and refused to buy a tulip at the ④ promising price, which caused people to doubt. Then the price fell and stayed ⑤ down. Many people who had sold everything they owned to obtain a couple of tulips became beggars overnight. Some rich men lost fortunes that had been accumulated generation after generation. *bidding 입찰, 가격제시 *heyday전성기

본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

- 8 -

저작권법에 의하여 무단전재나 무단복제 및 전송을 금하며, 모든 출판권과 파일 전송권은 도서출판 공터에 있습니다.

E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영어독해연습

도서출판 공터 (www.alot.co.kr) |2강 6|

30. 다음

|2강 8|

32. 다음

글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?30)

Individuals who survive an infection normally become immune to that particular disease, although not to other diseases. The reason is that the immune system “remembers” foreign antigens, a process called immune memory. Next time the same antigen appears, it triggers a far swifter and more aggressive response than before.

Consequently, the invading microorganisms will usually be overwhelmed before they cause noticeable illness. Immune memory is due to specialized B cells called memory cells.

Virgin B cells are triggered to divide if they encounter an antigen that matches their own individual antibody. Most of the new B cells are specialized for antibody synthesis, and they live only a few days. However, a few active B cells become memory cells, and instead of making antibodies, they simply wait. If one day the antigen that they recognize appears again, most of the memory cells switch over very rapidly to antibody production.

How frequently do people gauge themselves against others? This probably happens far more often than we like to admit, and probably forms a more important part of our lives than most people are ready to acknowledge at a conscious level. Consider buying a luxury vehicle.

Although almost everyone would like to believe that they would make such a purchase for reasons of self-gratification, it is probably true that the purchase of such an outwardly visible manifestation of personal success is overwhelmingly motivated by _____________.

In other words, half the point of buying such a vehicle is to let other people know you own it, and to be seen driving it. The buyer wants his neighbors to see his car.

He’ll park it in the driveway just to put it on display. He wants his friends and coworkers to be aware of his ability to buy such a vehicle.

*antigen 항원(생체 내에서 항체 향성을 촉진하는 독소)

① economic motivation ② praise from others ③ social cooperation ④ internal motivation ⑤ competitive reasons

**antibody 항체, 항독소 ① ② ③ ④ ⑤

빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?32)

production of antibody and its function importance of immune system in body difference between antibody and B cells effect of antigens and microorganisms process in which body produce B cells

|2강 9|

33. 다음 |2강 7|

31. 다음

글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지

않은 것은?31)

In a study of fairness in non-primates, a research team led by Friedericke Range placed pairs of dogs side by side in front of a person. In ① plain view of both dogs was a bowl of treats (sausage and dark bread). Each animal was asked in turn to ② offer his or her paw to be shaken by the person. The researchers recorded the number of times each dog offered a paw under various conditions. The results were clear. When both dogs were ③ equally provided with treats, both gave their paws for nearly every trial. When neither dog received treats, the dogs only shook paws in about twenty of thirty trials and required ④ less verbal prompting. Most interestingly, when only one dog received treats in return for a paw-shake, the other dog ⑤ declined the handshake sooner, only offering a paw an average twelve times out of thirty, and acting decidedly more agitated in the process. *agitated 동요된, 불안해하는

본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?33)

As children gain experience listening to stories, they begin to develop an understanding that stories follow a regular sequence. This idea can be reinforced by repeated readings of the same story (generally at the child’s request), as children become so familiar with the story that they can easily predict what will happen next.

Sometimes writers of picture books build predictability into the text with repeated actions or phrases or by using the same sentence structure over and over again. Like patterned language, predictable structures make stories easier for children to listen to and comprehend. They also allow authors to introduce more surprising or unusual elements successfully within a carefully constructed familiar context. The contrast between the predictable and the surprising elements often delights adults as well as children.

- 9 -

① ② ③ ④ ⑤

advantages of predictability in writings common structures in regular sequence characteristics of picture books for kids factors affecting delights in reading books predictability result from understanding

저작권법에 의하여 무단전재나 무단복제 및 전송을 금하며, 모든 출판권과 파일 전송권은 도서출판 공터에 있습니다.

E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영어독해연습

도서출판 공터 (www.alot.co.kr) |2강 10|

34. 다음

글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하

|2강 12|

36. (A),

지 않은 것은?34)

(B), (C)의 각 괄호 안에서 문맥에 맞는 낱말로 가장

적절한 것은?36)

Because all individuals matter, and because different individuals can have ① opposing interests, we need a rule for weighing one person’s preferences against another’s. If we are called upon to decide whether to expand the logging industry, and if Jack values newspapers while Jill values woodlands, we need a way to compare Jack’s potential gains with Jill’s potential ② gains. There are many philosophically defensible stands here, and the logic of cost-benefit analysis (which is another name for what I have elsewhere called “the logic of efficiency”) chooses ③ unambiguously among them. Its position is pronounced in another principle: All individuals matter ④ equally, with the strength of their preferences measured by their willingness-to-pay. If Jack values a tree in the sawmill at $100 and Jill values a tree standing in the forest at $200, then we declare the benefit of logging to be $100 and the cost to be $200. We don’t inquire into the ⑤ moral worthiness of Jack or Jill. *sawmill 제재소

The data that archaeologists have at their disposal are very (A) [selective / infinite]. Not only are archaeologists limited to material remains, but also the overwhelming majority of material possessions that may have been part of a culture do not survive thousands of years under the ground. As a result, archaeologists search for fragments of material evidence that will enable them to piece together a culture. A prehistoric garbage dump is particularly (B) [concealing / revealing], for the archaeologist can learn a great deal about how people lived from what they threw away. These material remains are then used to make (C) [preferences / inferences] about the nonmaterial aspects of the culture being studied. For example, the finding that all women and children are buried with their heads pointing in one direction, whereas the heads of adult males point in a different direction, could lead to the possible explanation that the society practiced matrilineal kinship. *archaeologist 고고학자 **matrilineal 모계의

|2강 11|

35. 다음 글의 빈칸 (A),

(B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?35)

Rap music flourished without access to the music establishment. Most rap is performed by artists in their own homes, using inexpensive, widely accessible equipment, in contrast to the sound studios and sophisticated recording equipment of other musical genres.

(A) , rap music is mainly disseminated on homemade cassettes and by locally owned independent record companies. For a decade, the major recording companies resisted rap, and even in the mid-1990s only a small portion of the music on the Billboard rap singles chart was produced by the major labels. The radio industry (which usually makes or breaks the success of any piece of music) ignored rap because its audience is not a priority for radio advertisers to reach.

(B) , New York does not have a single rap station, although it has two full-time classical radio stations.

① ② ③ ④ ⑤

(A) selective infinite selective infinite selective

(B) concealing concealing revealing revealing revealing

(C) inferences inferences inferences preferences preferences

*disseminate 보급하다, 널리 퍼뜨리다

① ② ③ ④ ⑤

(A) Also In addition Besides Therefore Accordingly

(B) For example Consequently However Consequently For example

본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

- 10 -

저작권법에 의하여 무단전재나 무단복제 및 전송을 금하며, 모든 출판권과 파일 전송권은 도서출판 공터에 있습니다.

E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영어독해연습

도서출판 공터 (www.alot.co.kr) |2강 1|

37. 다음

39. 주어진

글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?37)

The dominant idea today is that, because creativity resides within the individual, we best expose it by telling stories of those rare geniuses — the ones who made the Sistine Chapel, Hamlet or the light bulb. This model basically follows the declaration made by Thomas Carlyle in the 1840s: “The history of the world is but the biography of great men.” The most common alternative to the lone-genius model locates creativity in networks. See, for example, Herbert Spencer’s retort to Carlyle that “the genesis of the great man depends” on a “long series of complex influences.” “Before he can remake his society,” Spencer wrote, “his society must make him.” Rather than focus on the solitary hero snatching inspiration from the heavens (or the unconscious), this concept emphasizes the long, meandering course of innovation. Instead of heroic individuals, it prioritizes heroic cultures — the courts of sixteenth-century Florence, say, or the coffee shops of Enlightenment London. *retort 반론, 반박 **meandering(대화·논의 등이)두서없이

Creativity: Solitary Work Or Group Work?

What Is Creativity And How We Promote?

Looking For Creativity? Learn From Geniuses!

Conflicting Ideas About Priority In Groups Creativity In Networks: Past And Future

In 1840, the famous German chemist Baron Justus von Liebig, also perhaps the best teacher of chemistry of his day, published a book on organic chemistry.

(A) In other words, it is the availability of the scarcest nutrient, not the most abundant, that determines success or failure for plants: if the soil is deficient, say, in boron, no amount of phosphorus will remedy the lack and stimulate vigorous plant growth.

(B) By analyzing the chemical composition of plants he was able to make a list of these substances, and he showed that plant growth ceases if the availability of just one essential nutrient falls below a certain minimum, regardless of the abundance of all other nutrients.

(C) In the book, he argued that plants do not feed directly on humus, as was then generally believed, but exist on simple, inorganic chemicals taken directly from the air and soil.

② (B)-(A)-(C)

④ (C)-(A)-(B)

⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)

40.

밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않

은 것은?38)

Green marketing is a phenomenon that has its origin in the 1980s, a time when corporate social responsibility reports and the buzzwords sustainable development and green consumerism ① gained popularity. One of the biggest challenges of green marketing is the need to address environmental issues while at the same time ② satisfying core customer needs. This is one of the challenges “green” ad campaigns have to face — convincing consumers that environmental products do not perform ③ higher than regular products. Rather, they often — with regard to specific features — perform better. For example, energy-saving light bulbs last ④ longer, offer better convenience (they do not have to be replaced as often as regular bulbs), and ⑤ reduce energy expenses. Convenience and fulfillment of basic human needs are two of the most significant reasons why consumers buy green products — not necessarily for environmental reasons but for better value (safety, money). *buzzword 유행어 본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

① (A)-(C)-(B)

③ (B)-(C)-(A)

|2강 4|

|2강 2|

38. 다음

글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?39)

*humus 부식질(지표 및 땅속에 존재하는 생물 이외의 유 기물 총체) **boron붕소 ***phosphorus 인(비금속 원소)

진행되는

① ② ③ ④ ⑤

|2강 3|

다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?40)

In the early 17th century, when the Netherlands was the world’s leader in commerce, the middle class were enthusiastic about tulips, which then led to a bidding war over tulip bulbs. In 1635, the heyday of the tulip bubble, someone was willing to pay up to 12 hectares of land in the heart of the city in exchange for a special tulip bulb.

Another merchant was willing to pay 4 heads of cattle, 8 pigs, 2 boxes of wine, 4 boxes of beer and 1,000 pounds of cheese in exchange for a bulb named “the governor”.

People were all dreaming about becoming millionaires, even billionaires. Of course, this didn’t last for very long.

In 1636, one Dutchman woke up and refused to buy a tulip at the promised price, which caused people to doubt.

Then the price fell and stayed down. Many people who had sold everything they owned to obtain a couple of tulips became beggars overnight. Some rich men lost fortunes that had been accumulated generation after generation. *bidding 입찰, 가격제시 *heyday전성기 ① ② ③ ④ ⑤

- 11 -

reasons why tulips were popular danger of investing on flowers history of tulip cultivation industry process and result of tulip bubble how to become rich through tulips 저작권법에 의하여 무단전재나 무단복제 및 전송을 금하며, 모든 출판권과 파일 전송권은 도서출판 공터에 있습니다.

E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영어독해연습

도서출판 공터 (www.alot.co.kr) |2강 5|

41. 다음 글의 빈칸 (A),

(B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?41)

In a study, researchers interviewed residents of the state of Victoria over many years to see how life events and personality affected people’s happiness. They wanted to know the extent to which a person’s personality versus the things that happened to them affected well-being and happiness. Personality might account for, say, 40 percent of happiness, whereas life events might account for 60 percent. Alternatively, perhaps personality would turn out to be more important. As the study progressed, it was clear that the same kind of things kept happening to the same people over and over again. Lucky people were lucky again and again.

(A) , people with lots of bad experiences, like relationship breakups and job losses, seemed to encounter one bad thing after another. Their assumption that personality and life events would have separate influences on happiness was wrong.

(B) , personality itself had the strongest influence on what happened to people. The optimists had more positive experiences, while the pessimists had more negative experiences.

① ② ③ ④ ⑤

(A) Therefore Likewise However Therefore Likewise

(B) Rather In addition Rather Instead Instead

43. 주어진

글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?43)

In a study of fairness in non-primates, a research team led by Friedericke Range placed pairs of dogs side by side in front of a person.

(A) The results were clear. When both dogs were equally provided with treats, both gave their paws for nearly every trial. When neither dog received treats, the dogs only shook paws in about twenty of thirty trials and required more verbal prompting.

(B) In plain view of both dogs was a bowl of treats (sausage and dark bread). Each animal was asked in turn to offer his or her paw to be shaken by the person. The researchers recorded the number of times each dog offered a paw under various conditions.

(C) Most interestingly, when only one dog received treats in return for a paw-shake, the other dog declined the handshake sooner, only offering a paw an average twelve times out of thirty, and acting decidedly more agitated in the process. *agitated 동요된, 불안해하는 ① (A)-(C)-(B) ④ (C)-(A)-(B)

② (B)-(A)-(C) ⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)

③ (B)-(C)-(A)

|2강 8| |2강 6|

42. 글의

|2강 7|

흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 곳

은?42)

However, a few active B cells become memory cells, and instead of making antibodies, they simply wait.

Individuals who survive an infection normally become immune to that particular disease, although not to other diseases. The reason is that the immune system “remembers” foreign antigens, a process called immune memory. Next time the same antigen appears, it triggers a far swifter and more aggressive response than before. ( ① ) Consequently, the invading microorganisms will usually be overwhelmed before they cause noticeable illness. ( ② ) Immune memory is due to specialized B cells called memory cells. ( ③ ) Virgin B cells are triggered to divide if they encounter an antigen that matches their own individual antibody. ( ④ ) Most of the new B cells are specialized for antibody synthesis, and they live only a few days. ( ⑤ ) If one day the antigen that they recognize appears again, most of the memory cells switch over very rapidly to antibody production. *antigen 항원(생체 내에서 항체 향성을 촉진하는 독소)

44.

다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?44)

How frequently do people gauge themselves against others? This probably happens far more often than we like to admit, and probably forms a more important part of our lives than most people are ready to acknowledge at a conscious level. Consider buying a luxury vehicle.

Although almost everyone would like to believe that they would make such a purchase for reasons of self-gratification, it is probably true that the purchase of such an outwardly visible manifestation of personal success is overwhelmingly motivated by competitive reasons. In other words, half the point of buying such a vehicle is to let other people know you own it, and to be seen driving it. The buyer wants his neighbors to see his car. He’ll park it in the driveway just to put it on display. He wants his friends and coworkers to be aware of his ability to buy such a vehicle. ① ② ③ ④ ⑤

Inner Gratification Is The Answer!

Display Yourself Not Your Belongings!

Comparison : Desire To Show Off Why Humans Love To Compete?

Standard Of Success : Self-Gratification

**antibody 항체, 항독소 본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

- 12 -

저작권법에 의하여 무단전재나 무단복제 및 전송을 금하며, 모든 출판권과 파일 전송권은 도서출판 공터에 있습니다.

E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영어독해연습

도서출판 공터 (www.alot.co.kr) |2강 9|

45. 다음

|2강 11|

47. 다음

글에서 전체 흐름과 관계 없는 문장은? 45)

As children gain experience listening to stories, they begin to develop an understanding that stories follow a regular sequence. ① This idea can be reinforced by repeated readings of the same story (generally at the child’s request), as children become so familiar with the story that they can easily predict what will happen next. ② Sometimes writers of picture books build predictability into the text with repeated actions or phrases or by using the same sentence structure over and over again. ③ Like patterned language, predictable structures make stories easier for children to listen to and comprehend. ④ They also allow authors to introduce more surprising or unusual elements successfully within a carefully constructed familiar context. ⑤ It is difficult for them to introduce surprising elements within a unfamiliar context. The contrast between the predictable and the surprising elements often delights adults as well as children.

글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지

않은 것은?47)

Rap music ① flourished without access to the music establishment. Most rap is performed by artists in their own homes, using ② inexpensive, widely accessible equipment, in contrast to the sound studios and ③ sophisticated recording equipment of other musical genres. Rap music is mainly disseminated on homemade cassettes and by locally owned independent record companies. For a decade, the major recording companies ④ welcomed rap, and even in the mid-1990s only a small portion of the music on the Billboard rap singles chart was produced by the major labels. The radio industry (which usually makes or breaks the success of any piece of music) ⑤ ignored rap because its audience is not a priority for radio advertisers to reach. For example, New York does not have a single rap station, although it has two full-time classical radio stations. *disseminate 보급하다, 널리 퍼뜨리다

|2강 10|

46.

다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?46)

|2강 12|

Because all individuals matter, and because different individuals can have opposing interests, we need a rule for weighing one person’s preferences against another’s. If we are called upon to decide whether to expand the logging industry, and if Jack values newspapers while Jill values woodlands, we need a way to compare Jack’s potential gains with Jill’s potential losses. There are many philosophically defensible stands here, and the logic of cost-benefit analysis (which is another name for what I have elsewhere called “the logic of efficiency”) chooses unambiguously among them. Its position is pronounced in another principle: All individuals matter equally, with the strength of their preferences measured by their willingness-to-pay. If Jack values a tree in the sawmill at $100 and Jill values a tree standing in the forest at $200, then we declare the benefit of logging to be $100 and the cost to be $200. We don’t inquire into the moral worthiness of Jack or Jill. *sawmill 제재소 ① ② ③ ④ ⑤

What Is Cost-benefit Analysis And How? Choice Between Newspapers Or Woodlands Moral Value Analysis : Logic Of Efficiency Comparison : Key To Utilizing Woodlands Efficiency : Key Factor In Decision Making

본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

48. 주어진

글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?48)

The data that archaeologists have at their disposal are very selective.

(A) A prehistoric garbage dump is particularly revealing, for the archaeologist can learn a great deal about how people lived from what they threw away.

These material remains are then used to make inferences about the nonmaterial aspects of the culture being studied.

(B) For example, the finding that all women and children are buried with their heads pointing in one direction, whereas the heads of adult males point in a different direction, could lead to the possible explanation that the society practiced matrilineal kinship.

(C) Not only are archaeologists limited to material remains, but also the overwhelming majority of material possessions that may have been part of a culture do not survive thousands of years under the ground. As a result, archaeologists search for fragments of material evidence that will enable them to piece together a culture. *archaeologist 고고학자 **matrilineal 모계의 ① (A)-(C)-(B)

② (B)-(A)-(C)

④ (C)-(A)-(B)

⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)

- 13 -

③ (B)-(C)-(A)

저작권법에 의하여 무단전재나 무단복제 및 전송을 금하며, 모든 출판권과 파일 전송권은 도서출판 공터에 있습니다.

E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영어독해연습

도서출판 공터 (www.alot.co.kr) |3강 1|

49. 다음

① ② ③ ④ ⑤

글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈칸 (A)

와 (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?49)

A point to keep in mind when thinking about paranormal, supernatural, and pseudo-scientific beliefs is that letting go of them is not necessarily a sacrifice. Not only can thinking skeptically be safer and more economical over the course of a lifetime, it doesn’t have to be any less fun, either. Whatever I may have lost by not believing in things like astrology and ghosts, I am confident that I more than make up for it by embracing reality with great enthusiasm. All scientific discoveries to date and all the mysteries still to be solved excite me, and I find plenty of reason for optimism and hope, even amid harsh realities. I understand that it may feel comforting or stabilizing to believe that invisible forces influence us, but it can also be comforting and stabilizing to realize that as humans we are smart enough and strong enough to face up to the universe as it really is and get on with our lives. *paranormal 불가사의한 **pseudoscientific 유사과학적인 ***amid~속에서 

Many people believe that unusual beliefs are sometimes (A) although it is more important to

(B)

① ② ③ ④ ⑤

reality with optimism and hope.

(A) beneficial beneficial helpful worthless worthless

|3강 3|

51.

주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?51)

Railroads allowed the North to benefit from its industrial advantages during the Civil War. Military trains carried mobile artillery. This allowed commanders to reposition heavy guns for both defensive and offensive purposes.

(A) In some cases, the rails allowed the car to absorb the shock of the gun’s firing by allowing the car to slide back on the rails. This innovation eliminated the need for the continual reconstruction of a platform each time a military force moved an artillery piece.

(B) loose embrace exclude grab grasp |3강 2|

50. 다음

Usefulness of Hiding Truth What a Great Mentor: Mother Tips for Good Relationship with Peers Peer’s Advice: Not Considerate, But Supportive Interconnection between Scolding and Bad Habit

글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?50)

Have you ever thought that your child’s friends can be a positive influence on him or her? Children are quick to point out unacceptable behavior. The following is not the most pleasant example, but it makes the point. A mother had difficulty with her 9-year-old picking her nose in public. Mom’s scoldings didn’t do any good. Then one day her daughter and a friend were bowling. As her daughter unconsciously picked her nose, the other 9-year-old cried, “Oh Callie! That is so gross! I’m never bowling with you again if you pick your nose!” That ended Callie’s nose picking right then and there. At this age, children tell “the truth” because they don’t have the skills to be tactful. Your daughter may come home in tears because little Melissa said your daughter was a lousy speller. More than likely, Melissa is right, even though there are more subtle ways to convey the information. Friends are a great opportunity for your child to develop a give-and-take relationship with peers.

(B) This was a marked improvement over the use of horses to haul big guns. Guns that were pulled by horses required artillery platforms that had to be constructed and placed before the guns could engage in battle. With a gun on a railway car, the bed of the car served as the artillery platform.

(C) As the war went on, the military began to keep some artillery permanently mounted on railcars. This reduced the preparation time for combat. Railcar artillery pieces were almost always ready to be thrust into battle. *artillery 대포 **be thrust into~으로 투입되다 ***haul (힘들여)끌다 ① (A)-(C)-(B)

② (B)-(A)-(C)

④ (C)-(A)-(B)

⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)

③ (B)-(C)-(A)

*lousy 엉망인 본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

- 14 -

저작권법에 의하여 무단전재나 무단복제 및 전송을 금하며, 모든 출판권과 파일 전송권은 도서출판 공터에 있습니다.

E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영어독해연습

도서출판 공터 (www.alot.co.kr) 

|3강 4|

52.

다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?52)

Since the early seventeenth century, humans have tried to find ways to live peacefully and prosperously with one another in the absence of a common notion of the good.

This effort has been identified with liberalism, which has emphasized toleration, individual choice, and maximizing general utility through market mechanisms and government constraints. To this end, liberalism has treated all goods as effectively equal, interpreting them as merely the subjective preferences of individuals. This move entails recognizing and admitting that no good is better than any other good. My preference for justice or a moral life is thus essentially no different from my preference for an apple. Thus no good (thing, process, activity, way of life, etc.) in itself is special, sacred, or necessary. In principle, then, there can be no rational (as opposed to affective) ground for preferring one good over another. *entail 필연적으로 ① ② ③ ④ ⑤

The Principle of the Absolute Good Individual’s Preference for Objectivity Subjectivity of the Good in Liberalism Liberalism: A Belief in Gradual Social Progress Subjectivity, So Much Different from Objectivity |3강 5|

53.

다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈칸 (A) 와 (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?53)

Here’s a simple thought experiment to illustrate the absurdity of claiming to know an individual’s genetic potential based on current appearance or ability. To visualize this, consider a physical example. Imagine a massive bodybuilder standing next to an extraordinarily skinny man. One of them looks like freshly shaved King Kong and the other looks like the slightest gust of wind might knock him over. At first glance, most people probably would assume that the large, muscular man has the genetic advantage for success in competitive bodybuilding over the skinny man. But we can’t assume this to be the case. It could easily be the skinny guy who had been born with the superior genes for bodybuilding.

But maybe nothing in his environment activated those genes. Maybe he was deprived of something in childhood — good nutrition perhaps — and those genetic gifts were muted. Maybe he grew up in a place that had no gyms and he never had the opportunity to train with weights.

Or, maybe he thought bodybuilding was weird or too difficult so he never even tried.

When we evaluate (A) an individual, his or her (B) appearance or ability can be different from our inference.

① ② ③ ④ ⑤

(A) mysteriously blindly visually blindly visually

(B) factual invalid invalid credible factual

|3강 6|

54.

(A), (B), (C)의 각 괄호 안에서 문맥에 맞는 낱말로 가장 적절한 것은?54)

The Oxford dictionary defines accounting (noun) as ‘the process or work of keeping financial accounts’ while an accountant (noun) is ‘a person whose job is to keep or inspect financial accounts’. However, this definition is overly (A)[simplistic / complicated]. For a long time, accounting was considered a process of collecting, analysing and communicating financial information to allow users to make better-informed decisions. This work remains at the forefront of the role but more recently accountants have been asked to (B)[shrink / expand] their remit into new areas. For example, accountants are now deeply involved in the preparation of non-financial information, including corporate social responsibility reporting. The image of the boring, conservative, grey-suited person is (C)[outdated / modern]. The job has changed. Accountants now need to be communicators as well as doers. They need to be client facing rather than just hit buttons on a calculator. There is a new breed of accountant and whether you believe this is a change for the better or worse, it seems to be a change that is here to stay. *remit 소관, 책임사항

① ② ③ ④ ⑤

(A) simplistic simplistic simplistic complicated complicated

(B) shrink expand shrink expand shrink

(C) outdated outdated modern modern modern

*absurdity 불합리성 **gust of wind 돌풍 ***mute 약화시 키다

본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

- 15 -

저작권법에 의하여 무단전재나 무단복제 및 전송을 금하며, 모든 출판권과 파일 전송권은 도서출판 공터에 있습니다.

E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영어독해연습

도서출판 공터 (www.alot.co.kr) |3강 7|

55.

Broadly speaking, art exists as a consequence of the universal human desire for sympathy. Man is forever endeavoring to break down the wall which separates him from his fellows. Whether we call it egotism or simply humanity, we all know the wish to make others appreciate our feelings; to show them how we suffer, how we enjoy.

We batter our fellowmen with our opinions sufficiently often, but this is nothing in comparison to the insistence with which we pour out our feelings. A friend is the most valued of earthly possessions largely because he is willing to receive without appearance of impatience the unending story of our mental sensations. We are all more or less conscious of the constant impulse which urges us on to expression; of the inner necessity which moves us to continual endeavors to make others share our thoughts, our experiences, but most of all our emotions. It seems to me that if we trace this instinctive desire back far enough, we reach the beginnings of art. *batter 난타하다, 연타하다 ① ② ③ ④ ⑤

Instinctive Desire to Create Artworks Compassion: Reason for Existence of Art Humanity: Must-have Attitude as a Friend Altruism: Promise for Precious Relationship Friend: Valuable One We Have in the World

|3강 8|

56.

① ② ③ ④ ⑤

다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?55)

다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?56)

I found, when I took up land in India and learned what the people of the country know, that the diseases of plants and animals were very useful agents for keeping me in order, and for teaching me agriculture. I have learned more from the diseases of plants and animals than I have from all the professors of Cambridge, Rothamsted and other places who gave me my preliminary training. I argued the matter in this way. If diseases attacked my crops, it was because I was doing something wrong. I therefore used diseases to teach me. In this way I really learned agriculture. I think if we used diseases more instead of running to sprays and killing off pests, and if we let diseases rip and then found out what is wrong and then tried to put it right, we should get much deeper into agricultural problems than we shall do by calling in all these artificial aids. After all, the destruction of a pest is the evasion of, rather than the solution of, all agricultural problems. *evasion 회피 본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

Killing pest with pesticide always works Acquire farming technology using diseases Expand the farming area using animals and plants India is the origin of settling agricultural problems Solve the health problem through controling diseases

|3강 9|

57.

다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈칸 (A) 와 (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?57)

The tourism sector’s reaction to climate change has involved two different but related responses: mitigation and adaptation strategies. Mitigation refers to attempts to reduce the impact of tourism on climate change, while adaptation refers to attempts to adapt tourism to climate changes and minimize climate change risks. The tourism sector will also need to make adaptations in response to national mitigation strategies related to greenhouse gas emissions, hence the concepts are related. For instance, as a sector totally reliant on transport, national and international mitigation policies related to greenhouse gas emissions are likely to increase costs of transport and impact tourism mobility. There are implications for slow travel which emphasizes traveling to destinations more slowly and staying longer in one place rather than cramming in as many places as possible in a short space of time. For example, it could be argued that slow travel should become a major mitigation response, as part of a cultural change, associated with travel and trip distance reduction. *mitigation 완화 

Through the tourism sector’s reaction to climate change, we can tell the (A) between two mainstreams; while mitigation is a sort of trial to (B) the impact of tourism, adaptation requires tourism to adjust to climate change.

- 16 -

① ② ③ ④ ⑤

(A) likeness difference resemblance likeness difference

(B) diminish diminish reduce increase increase

저작권법에 의하여 무단전재나 무단복제 및 전송을 금하며, 모든 출판권과 파일 전송권은 도서출판 공터에 있습니다.

E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영어독해연습

도서출판 공터 (www.alot.co.kr) |3강 10|

58.

다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하

① ② ③ ④ ⑤

지 않은 것은?58)

Over the past decade there has been a ① surge of empathic thinking and action around the globe driven by political activists, advice columnists, and religious leaders.

Protesters in the Occupy movement in Britain and the United States ② erected Empathy Tents and ran workshops on empathic activism. Hundreds of thousands of schoolchildren have been taught empathy skills through Roots of Empathy, a Canadian education program that has ③ spread to Britain, New Zealand, and other countries, that brings babies into the classroom and turns them into teachers. A German social entrepreneur has established a worldwide network of museums where blind guides have taken more than seven million visitors around exhibits that are in total darkness, to give them the experience of being ④ visually impaired. All these initiatives are part of a historic wave of empathy that is ⑤ pursuing our highly individualistic, self-obsessed cultures, in which most of us have become far too absorbed in our own lives to give much thought to anyone else. *surge 급증, 급등 **visually impaired 시각장애가 있는

|3강 11|

59.

(A) However For example Thus For example However

(B) In other words In other words In contrast In contrast Therefore

|3강 12|

60.

다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈칸 (A) 와 (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?60)

Altruism — unselfish concern for the welfare of others — presents sociobiology and evolutionary theory in general with a very real difficulty. For writers like Edward Wilson, the behaviour patterns of species and individuals are totally susceptible to biological explanation; some creatures are altruistic because they are driven by their genes to sacrifice themselves for the well-being of others. For example, a small bird will give a warning cry when a predator approaches, and so risk its life to safeguard its fellows. The difficulty is that, in Wilson’s words, ‘fallen heroes do not have children.’ If altruism is rooted in genes, the individuals with those genes would disappear (the altruists would all be killed), and only those possessing selfish genes would survive.

However, altruism continues to exist: how can evolutionary theory explain this? Wilson suggests that continued altruism is due to the evolutionary motivation of genes to defend and protect the species gene pool.

다음 글의 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것

*susceptible ~이 가능한

은?59)



Scientific ideas are often counterintuitive to everyday thinking.

(A) , when you place your hand on a piece of metal in a room, it feels cool to your touch.

When you place your hand on a piece of wood in the same room it feels warmer to the touch. Many people will deduce that the temperature of the metal is cooler than that of the wood. Yet, if the objects have been in the same room for any length of time, their temperatures will be equal. It turns out that when you place your hand on metal, it conducts heat out of your hand quickly, thus giving the impression that it is cold. The wood does not conduct heat as rapidly as the metal and therefore “feels” warmer than the metal.

(B) , our senses have fooled us into thinking that instead of everything in the room being at room temperature, the metal is cooler than anything else. Therefore our erroneous conclusion: Metal objects are always cooler than other objects in a room.

Indeed, if you go from room to room and touch many objects, your idea is reinforced and becomes more and more resistant to change. *counterintuitive 직관에 반대되는 본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

If evolutionary theory is thoroughly applied to species, altruists cannot (A) but there are still many to (B) the species gene pool.

- 17 -

① ② ③ ④ ⑤

(A) cease cease outlive survive survive

(B) preserve abandon abandon endanger preserve

저작권법에 의하여 무단전재나 무단복제 및 전송을 금하며, 모든 출판권과 파일 전송권은 도서출판 공터에 있습니다.

E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영어독해연습

도서출판 공터 (www.alot.co.kr) ⇩

|3강 1|

61. 다음

글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?61)

A point to keep in mind when thinking about paranormal, supernatural, and pseudo-scientific beliefs is that letting go of them is not necessarily a sacrifice. Not only can thinking skeptically be safer and more economical over the course of a lifetime, it doesn’t have to be any less fun, either. Whatever I may have lost by not believing in things like astrology and ghosts, I am confident that I more than make up for it by embracing reality with great enthusiasm. All scientific discoveries to date and all the mysteries still to be solved excite me, and I find plenty of reason for optimism and hope, even amid harsh realities. I understand that it may feel comforting or stabilizing to believe that invisible forces influence us, but it can also be comforting and stabilizing to realize that as humans we are smart enough and strong enough to face up to the universe as it really is and get on with our lives. *paranormal 불가사의한 **pseudoscientific 유사과학적인 ***amid~속에서 ① ② ③ ④ ⑤

Comfort and stabilize your life for peace Invisible hands rule the world consistently Confidence is always concerned with beliefs Take your reality as it is, believing optimism Keep in mind that all mysteries will be solved

|3강 2|

62. 다음

글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈칸 (A)

와 (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?62)

Have you ever thought that your child’s friends can be a positive influence on him or her? Children are quick to point out unacceptable behavior. The following is not the most pleasant example, but it makes the point. A mother had difficulty with her 9-year-old picking her nose in public. Mom’s scoldings didn’t do any good. Then one day her daughter and a friend were bowling. As her daughter unconsciously picked her nose, the other 9-year-old cried, “Oh Callie! That is so gross! I’m never bowling with you again if you pick your nose!” That ended Callie’s nose picking right then and there. At this age, children tell “the truth” because they don’t have the skills to be tactful. Your daughter may come home in tears because little Melissa said your daughter was a lousy speller. More than likely, Melissa is right, even though there are more subtle ways to convey the information. Friends are a great opportunity for your child to develop a give-and-take relationship with peers.

Sometimes friends’ than any other sincere

① ② ③ ④ ⑤

(A) tactful tactful careless cautious careless

(A) (B)

advice can work better .

(B) intervention encouragement encouragement intervention intervention

|3강 3|

63.

다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?63)

Railroads allowed the North to benefit from its industrial advantages during the Civil War. Military trains carried mobile artillery. This allowed commanders to reposition heavy guns for both defensive and offensive purposes. As the war went on, the military began to keep some artillery permanently mounted on railcars. This reduced the preparation time for combat. Railcar artillery pieces were almost always ready to be thrust into battle.

This was a marked improvement over the use of horses to haul big guns. Guns that were pulled by horses required artillery platforms that had to be constructed and placed before the guns could engage in battle. With a gun on a railway car, the bed of the car served as the artillery platform. In some cases, the rails allowed the car to absorb the shock of the gun’s firing by allowing the car to slide back on the rails. This innovation eliminated the need for the continual reconstruction of a platform each time a military force moved an artillery piece. *artillery 대포 **be thrust into~으로 투입되다 ***haul (힘들여)끌다 ① ② ③ ④ ⑤

The The The The The

Obsession of the Army to the Railroads Development Process of Mobile Artillery Attribution of Railroads to the Civil War Civil War: The Basis in Development of City Effectiveness of Reducing Military Preparedness

*lousy 엉망인 본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

- 18 -

저작권법에 의하여 무단전재나 무단복제 및 전송을 금하며, 모든 출판권과 파일 전송권은 도서출판 공터에 있습니다.

E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영어독해연습

도서출판 공터 (www.alot.co.kr) |3강 4|

64.

다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?64)

Since the early seventeenth century, humans ① have tried to find ways to live peacefully and prosperously with one another in the absence of a common notion of the good. This effort has been identified with liberalism, which has emphasized toleration, individual choice, and ② maximizing general utility through market mechanisms and government constraints. To this end, liberalism has treated all goods as effectively equal, interpreting them as merely the subjective preferences of individuals. This move entails recognizing and admitting ③ what no good is better than any other good. My preference for justice or a moral life is thus essentially no ④ different from my preference for an apple. Thus no good (thing, process, activity, way of life, etc.) in itself is special, sacred, or necessary. In principle, then, there can be no rational (as ⑤ opposed to affective) ground for preferring one good over another. *entail 필연적으로

|3강 5|

65.

주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것을

① (A)-(C)-(B)

② (B)-(A)-(C)

④ (C)-(A)-(B)

⑤ (C)-(B)-(A) |3강 6|

66.

다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.66)

The Oxford dictionary defines accounting (noun) as ‘the process or work of keeping financial accounts’ while an accountant (noun) is ‘a person whose job is to keep or inspect financial accounts’. However, this definition is overly . For a long time, accounting was considered a process of collecting, analysing and communicating financial information to allow users to make better-informed decisions. This work remains at the forefront of the role but more recently accountants have been asked to expand their remit into new areas. For example, accountants are now deeply involved in the preparation of non-financial information, including corporate social responsibility reporting. The image of the boring, conservative, grey-suited person is outdated. The job has changed. Accountants now need to be communicators as well as doers. They need to be client facing rather than just hit buttons on a calculator. There is a new breed of accountant and whether you believe this is a change for the better or worse, it seems to be a change that is here to stay. *remit 소관, 책임사항 ① novel ④ involved

고르시오.65)

Here’s a simple thought experiment to illustrate the absurdity of claiming to know an individual’s genetic potential based on current appearance or ability.

③ (B)-(C)-(A)

② drastic ⑤ simplistic

③ flexible

|3강 7|

67.

다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하 지 않은 것은?67)

(A) At first glance, most people probably would assume that the large, muscular man has the genetic advantage for success in competitive bodybuilding over the skinny man. But we can’t assume this to be the case.

It could easily be the skinny guy who had been born with the superior genes for bodybuilding.

(B) But maybe nothing in his environment activated those genes. Maybe he was deprived of something in childhood — good nutrition perhaps — and those genetic gifts were muted. Maybe he grew up in a place that had no gyms and he never had the opportunity to train with weights. Or, maybe he thought bodybuilding was weird or too difficult so he never even tried.

(C) To visualize this, consider a physical example.

Imagine a massive bodybuilder standing next to an extraordinarily skinny man. One of them looks like freshly shaved King Kong and the other looks like the slightest gust of wind might knock him over. *absurdity 불합리성 **gust of wind 돌풍 ***mute 약화시

Broadly speaking, art exists as a consequence of the universal human desire for sympathy. Man is forever endeavoring to break down the wall which ① separates him from his fellows. Whether we call it egotism or simply humanity, we all know the wish to make others ② appreciate our feelings; to show them how we suffer, how we enjoy. We batter our fellowmen with our opinions ③ sufficiently often, but this is nothing in comparison to the insistence with which we pour out our feelings. A friend is the most valued of earthly possessions largely because he is willing to receive without appearance of impatience the unending story of our mental sensations. We are all more or less ④ unconscious of the constant impulse which urges us on to expression; of the inner necessity which moves us to continual endeavors to make others share our thoughts, our experiences, but most of all our emotions. It seems to me that if we trace this instinctive desire back far enough, we ⑤ reach the beginnings of art. *batter 난타하다, 연타하다

키다 본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

- 19 -

저작권법에 의하여 무단전재나 무단복제 및 전송을 금하며, 모든 출판권과 파일 전송권은 도서출판 공터에 있습니다.

E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영어독해연습

도서출판 공터 (www.alot.co.kr) |3강 8|

68.

다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈칸 (A)

|3강 9|

69. 다음

와 (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?68)

지 않은 것은?69)

I found, when I took up land in India and learned what the people of the country know, that the diseases of plants and animals were very useful agents for keeping me in order, and for teaching me agriculture. I have learned more from the diseases of plants and animals than I have from all the professors of Cambridge, Rothamsted and other places who gave me my preliminary training. I argued the matter in this way. If diseases attacked my crops, it was because I was doing something wrong. I therefore used diseases to teach me. In this way I really learned agriculture. I think if we used diseases more instead of running to sprays and killing off pests, and if we let diseases rip and then found out what is wrong and then tried to put it right, we should get much deeper into agricultural problems than we shall do by calling in all these artificial aids. After all, the destruction of a pest is the evasion of, rather than the solution of, all agricultural problems. *evasion 회피 ⇩

In (A) agricultural problems, it is much better to use diseases rather than (B) pests.

① ② ③ ④ ⑤

(A) analyzing unsettling resolving resolving unsettling

(B) utilize extract remove utilize remove

글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하

The tourism sector’s reaction to climate change has ① involved two different but related responses: mitigation and adaptation strategies. Mitigation refers to attempts to ② reduce the impact of tourism on climate change, while adaptation refers to attempts to adapt tourism to climate changes and minimize climate change risks. The tourism sector will also need to make adaptations in response to national mitigation strategies related to greenhouse gas emissions, hence the concepts are ③ related. For instance, as a sector totally reliant on transport, national and international mitigation policies related to greenhouse gas emissions are likely to ④ decrease costs of transport and impact tourism mobility. There are implications for slow travel which ⑤ emphasizes traveling to destinations more slowly and staying longer in one place rather than cramming in as many places as possible in a short space of time. For example, it could be argued that slow travel should become a major mitigation response, as part of a cultural change, associated with travel and trip distance reduction. *mitigation 완화

|3강 10|

70.

다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계 없는 문장은?70)

Over the past decade there has been a surge of empathic thinking and action around the globe driven by political activists, advice columnists, and religious leaders. ① Protesters in the Occupy movement in Britain and the United States erected Empathy Tents and ran workshops on empathic activism. ② Hundreds of thousands of schoolchildren have been taught empathy skills through Roots of Empathy, a Canadian education program that has spread to Britain, New Zealand, and other countries, that brings babies into the classroom and turns them into teachers. ③ A German social entrepreneur has established a worldwide network of museums where blind guides have taken more than seven million visitors around exhibits that are in total darkness, to give them the experience of being visually impaired. ④ It may be said that visual impairment is the functional limitation of the eye or eyes or the vision system. ⑤ All these initiatives are part of a historic wave of empathy that is challenging our highly individualistic, self-obsessed cultures, in which most of us have become far too absorbed in our own lives to give much thought to anyone else. *surge 급증, 급등 **visually impaired 시각장애가 있는

본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

- 20 -

저작권법에 의하여 무단전재나 무단복제 및 전송을 금하며, 모든 출판권과 파일 전송권은 도서출판 공터에 있습니다.

E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영어독해연습

도서출판 공터 (www.alot.co.kr) |3강 11|

71.

다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하

|3강 12|

72.

지 않은 것은?71)

주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.72)

Scientific ideas are often ① counterintuitive to everyday thinking. For example, when you place your hand on a piece of metal in a room, it feels cool to your touch. When you place your hand on a piece of wood in the same room it feels warmer to the touch. Many people will deduce that the temperature of the metal is cooler than that of the wood. Yet, if the objects have been in the same room for any length of time, their temperatures will be ② equal. It turns out that when you place your hand on metal, it conducts heat out of your hand ③ quickly, thus giving the impression that it is cold. The wood does not conduct heat as rapidly as the metal and therefore “feels” ④ warmer than the metal. In other words, our senses have fooled us into thinking that instead of everything in the room being at room temperature, the metal is cooler than anything else.

Therefore our erroneous conclusion: Metal objects are always cooler than other objects in a room. Indeed, if you go from room to room and touch many objects, your idea is reinforced and becomes more and more ⑤ accustomed to change. *counterintuitive 직관에 반대되는

Altruism — unselfish concern for the welfare of others — presents sociobiology and evolutionary theory in general with a very real difficulty.

(A) However, altruism continues to exist: how can evolutionary theory explain this? Wilson suggests that continued altruism is due to the evolutionary motivation of genes to defend and protect the species gene pool.

(B) The difficulty is that, in Wilson’s words, ‘fallen heroes do not have children.’ If altruism is rooted in genes, the individuals with those genes would disappear (the altruists would all be killed), and only those possessing selfish genes would survive.

(C) For writers like Edward Wilson, the behaviour patterns of species and individuals are totally susceptible to biological explanation; some creatures are altruistic because they are driven by their genes to sacrifice themselves for the well-being of others. For example, a small bird will give a warning cry when a predator approaches, and so risk its life to safeguard its fellows. *susceptible ~이 가능한 ① (A)-(C)-(B)

② (B)-(A)-(C)

④ (C)-(A)-(B)

⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)

③ (B)-(C)-(A)

|4강 1|

73. 다음

글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지

않은 것은?73)

The function of thought is to translate and interpret communications from the emotions and senses. Thought is often used ① inappropriately, to ignore rather than interpret communications. There are countless times when I’ve had a feeling or intuition that later turned out to be ② correct, but I “logic-ed” myself out of it and ③ failed to take advantage of the insight. A good example is when a person is driving and has an impulse to take an alternate route. Rather than simply taking the other route, she tells herself it would be ④ smart to do so because that road is longer and has more stoplights. She goes her usual way and encounters a traffic jam due to road construction or an accident. The habit of using logic to ⑤ contradict inner communications is like a one-person version of the humorous question, “Are you going to believe what you see or what I tell you?” We tend to believe what we tell ourselves rather than what we perceive with our inner senses and our physical senses.

본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

- 21 -

저작권법에 의하여 무단전재나 무단복제 및 전송을 금하며, 모든 출판권과 파일 전송권은 도서출판 공터에 있습니다.

E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영어독해연습

도서출판 공터 (www.alot.co.kr)

① ② ③ ④ ⑤

|4강 2|

74. 다음

글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈칸 (A),

(B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?74) Jack Welch, a great business leader, who transformed General Electric into one of the world’s leading powerhouses, was constantly evolving tools and methods in search of continuing growth. He encouraged managers to start each day as if it was the first day in the job. He frequently said that managers were often afraid of change, the very change they must embrace. And Richard Branson, the CEO of Virgin Atlantic, agrees with Jack on this very important reasoning because at his airline company, people never rest upon past achievements but keep on trying to improve things. Interestingly, the moment the airline was voted as having the best business class seats in the world in the UK airline awards, their designer was already beginning to work on the next seats to beat their own expectations rather than their competitors. You must either stay ahead of other people or stay ahead of yourself all the time. If you really put your mind to it you are normally going to 

If you would like to accelerate your growth, what you need to do is (A) not (B) .

① ② ③ ④ ⑤

(A) innovation innovation revelation revelation foundation

(B) complacency attitude construction complacency attitude

76.

When we purchase a lunch from a food vendor, we exchange money for the material food. At the same time we exchange information ① regarding the relationship between the vendor and ourselves, ranging from happiness to indifference to anger. Although the food will be consumed and require further material exchanges for additional consumption, the relationship between the vendor and us ② has the capacity to evolve and grow.

The relationship will most likely grow towards greater cooperation and ③ shared oneness through intentionally communicating in loving manners that acknowledge and appreciate the value ④ what the vendor adds to our lives in these material and relationship exchanges.

Consequently, the food provides physical nourishment, ⑤ while the relationship can evolve to provide emotional, social, and spiritual nourishment. Future purchases exchange similar quantities of money, while the relationship can increase qualitatively in a variety of important ways

|4강 5|

흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한

곳은?77)

다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?75)

Stanislavski warned, “Young actor, fear your admirers!”

After you enter the magic circle of self-deception, it is difficult to escape the mendacity. It is pleasant to hear the flattery and praise of your adoring admirers because you desperately want to believe them. However, you should not enter into this profession simply to amuse your followers, and do not discuss your artistic process with anyone other than . The naive compliments of friends and family — who are not actors — will not help you grow as an artist. Talk to your admirers, but listen, understand, and even love the observations of a true professional. There is nothing more beneficial to your growth than the brutally honest words of someone who knows. Unfortunately, however, you will not always be lucky enough to have an acting coach who knows or cares standing over your shoulder giving you expert advice. Therefore, you must know how to manage your fans’ expectation. *mendacity 거짓, 허위 본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

|4강 4|

다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?76)

77. 글의 |4강 3|

75.

your friendly colleague trusted mentors and colleagues friend interested in your work anyone who are reliable always intimate and generous family

Such an idea should not be taken too seriously, so why, then, have I mentioned it?

If leadership ability is inherited, the selection and recruitment of managers as potential leaders would only focus on the candidate’s parents and ancestors — evidence of work experience would not be valued. (①) Moreover, if leaders are born and not developed, then high-performing people would always emerge regardless of the business context, their management ability or the company’s willingness to recruit and select well, or coach, mentor, train, develop and evaluate employees. (②) Furthermore, attempts to improve performance would be a wasteful exercise. (③) Simply because, in my experience, some managers manage their people based on this idea, and it prevents them from applying the person-management skills and techniques that lead to improved performance. (④) I feel that it is far better to accept that the work environment, including management action, shapes people’s behaviour and abilities and that every manager can improve the way they manage people regardless of innate characteristics. (⑤)

- 22 -

저작권법에 의하여 무단전재나 무단복제 및 전송을 금하며, 모든 출판권과 파일 전송권은 도서출판 공터에 있습니다.

E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영어독해연습

도서출판 공터 (www.alot.co.kr) |4강 6|

78. (A),

① ② ③ ④ ⑤

(B), (C)의 각 괄호 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로 가

장 적절한 것은?78)

Some observers believe that people (A) [growing / grown] up in the United States may be missing some of the finer points of etiquette and getting along with people.

Because twenty-first-century American life has become so rushed, parents simply are not taking the time to teach their children proper etiquette. Moreover, because our K-12 educational system is under (B) [increased / increasing] pressure to teach more and more practical courses, there has been little time for teachers to instruct on how to get along in a civil society. The result is that we see an ever-increasing number of ill-groomed Americans, talking too loudly on their cell phones, drinking someone else’s water at a business dinner, using sloppy grammar in their e-mails, or (C) [shown / showing] discomfort at making small talk at a cocktail party. As a result, U.S. society in recent years has witnessed a new growth industry — namely etiquette trainers, coaches, and consultants. Parents are sending their children to private etiquette classes and camps for the purpose of better preparing them for entering the job market. *ill-groomed 단정치 못한 모습을 지닌 **sloppy 조잡한

① ② ③ ④ ⑤

(A) growing growing growing grown grown

(B) increased increased increasing increasing increased

(C) shown showing shown showing showing

|4강 8|

80.

다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?80)

Since the nineteenth century, Europeans have got used to seeing their economies surpassed by the Americans.

However, since the Cold War, the United States has been challenged by a resurgent and unifying Europe, and, more recently, by the vigorous “rise” of several nations in the “developing” world — China in particular. Current measurements clearly show the United States economy to have been in relative decline in comparison with these rising economies. Should America’s relative decline also be considered a symptom of morbid decline? Does it indicate a wasting sickness of the American economy? It might well. Nations do rise and fall . Our colleague, Lanxin Xiang, reminds us that China possessed the world’s leading economy for the greater part of the previous millennium. In the end, however, its past success did not prevent China from being pillaged throughout most of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

|4강 7|

79.

Factors affecting Whether one win Game and race similarity Intended success and failure Range of choices when racing Causes and consequences in life

다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?79)

To the human brain, playing a game is more like actually running a race than watching a film or reading a short story about a race. When I run, I make a series of choices about actions I will take that might affect whether I win. I feel a sense of mastery or failure depending on whether I successfully execute the actions in the ways how I intended. My emotions ebb and flow as I make these choices and see what happens as a result.

I feel a sense of consequence and responsibility for my choices. In the end, I am to blame for the outcomes, because they arise from my own actions. This rich set of feelings that I have about the solo experience of running depends on the active role that I play in the experience.

① 냉전 이래로 미국은 특히 중국의 강력한 성장에 의해 도전을 받아왔다. ② 현재의 측정치들은 미국 경제가 쇠퇴해 왔다는 것을 보여 준다. ③ 국가는 확실히 융성하고 쇠퇴한다. ④ Lanxin Xiang은 중국이 지난 기간 동안 세계에서 취약한 경제를 소유했다는 것을 상기시킨다. ⑤ 19세기와 20세기의 대부분 기간 동안 중국은 약탈을 당했다.

*ebb and flow 밀려왔다 밀려갔다 한다, 변동하다

본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

- 23 -

저작권법에 의하여 무단전재나 무단복제 및 전송을 금하며, 모든 출판권과 파일 전송권은 도서출판 공터에 있습니다.

E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영어독해연습

도서출판 공터 (www.alot.co.kr) |4강 9|

81. 다음

83. 다음

빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?81)

Science is ubiquitous. Its boundaries are unclear, its range confusing. Distinctions have been drawn between different types of science, natural versus social, hard versus soft, historical versus experimental, and so on.

Disagreement reigns over whether economics is science, whether anthropology is science, whether history is science. Creation science calls itself science, but many call foul. Politicians have suggested — what sounds thoroughly reasonable — that policy should utilize sound science and avoid junk science. Scientific discoveries are reported in the media; scientific concepts are utilized in novels, film and television.

Science is . It offers explanations of our most common observations, but in terms that are peculiar and hard to comprehend. Scientific developments are integral to some of society’s most remarkable achievements, but also some of our most horrifying tragedies. Thus, science is both utterly familiar and an immediate source of controversy and debate. *demonize 악마로 묘사하다 ① ② ③ ④ ⑤

글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?83)

Observation can offer ethnographers solid evidence of ① demonstrated behaviors occurring within a specific environment at a specific time. Observational skills help, for instance, when we want to use people’s actions to ② independently verify their spoken claims; describe and make sense of ③ what is happening when no one can — or will — talk with us; and better capture higher-level patterns of behavior especially regarding objects and environments. Systematic, observation-based data can help us both ④ finding out what is actually going on and justify our claims to others. But observation only gives clues and partial answers as to why things happen and the meanings actors attribute to them. This is why direct observation should be combined with other methods of understanding ⑤ to address most ethnographers’ problems of interest. *ethnographer 민족지학자 **verify 입증하다

|4강 12|

84. 글의

familiarized and famous notorious and unclear comprehensible and reasonable remarkable and controversial popularized and demonized

흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절

한 곳은?84)

|4강 10|

82. 글의

|4강 11|

For example, the integration of natural language processing and virtual reality has allowed for the creation of interactive intelligent virtual humans that can provide training, consultation, and treatments.

흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절

한 곳은?82)

Entrepreneurs, on the other hand, work around the clock and at least in the early years cannot expect the same kind of security.

The entrepreneurial journey brings with it a considerable change in lifestyle. When you work for an established organization you are used to certain things. (①) You know how much money you will bring home each month; how many hours you are expected to work. (②) You are entitled to a certain number of paid holidays and your employer may make contributions toward healthcare costs and pension plans. (③) These are just some of the challenges that many aspiring entrepreneurs are not tuned into. (④) Since everything is down to you (and your co-founders if this is applicable), you have to take charge and use tact to solve these challenges. (⑤) This journey doesn’t move forward unless there is planning and a methodological approach.

We have entered a very exciting era for behavioral and mental health care. (①) Advances in artificial intelligence make it possible to build intelligent machines that enhance the quality, accessibility, and efficiency of care, while also providing entirely new capabilities. (②) Artificial intelligent agent systems can also assist with clinical decision-making and healthcare management. (③) Advances in sensing technologies and affective computing have enabled machines to detect, assess, and respond to emotional states. (④) Robots capable of patient and medical provider interaction are now commercially available for use in the home and medical settings. (⑤) Moreover, the use of machine learning and pattern recognition is improving public health surveillance, while brain mapping initiatives now underway provide opportunities to model behavior and better understand normal and abnormal functions of the brain. *affective computing 감성 컴퓨팅 **surveillance 감시

*entrepreneuriel(특히 모험적인)기업가의, 기업가적인 **tact 재치, 요령 본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

- 24 -

저작권법에 의하여 무단전재나 무단복제 및 전송을 금하며, 모든 출판권과 파일 전송권은 도서출판 공터에 있습니다.

E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영어독해연습

도서출판 공터 (www.alot.co.kr) |4강 1|

85. 다음

87. 다음

빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?85)

The function of thought is to translate and interpret communications from the emotions and senses. Thought is often used inappropriately, to ignore rather than interpret communications. There are countless times when I’ve had a feeling or intuition that later turned out to be correct, but I “logic-ed” myself out of it and failed to take advantage of the insight. A good example is when a person is driving and has an impulse to take an alternate route. Rather than simply taking the other route, she tells herself it would be silly to do so because that road is longer and has more stoplights. She goes her usual way and encounters a traffic jam due to road construction or an accident. The habit of using logic to contradict inner communications is like a one-person version of the humorous question, “Are you going to believe what you see or what I tell you?” We tend to believe w rather than what we perceive with our inner senses and our physical senses. ① ② ③ ④ ⑤

what what what what what

we interpret in communication we tell ourselves our outer sense becomes the humorous question related we use in logic thought |4강 2|

86. 다음

|4강 3|

글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하

글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?87)

Stanislavski warned, “Young actor, fear your admirers!”

After you enter the magic circle of self-deception, it is difficult to escape the mendacity. It is pleasant to hear the flattery and praise of your adoring admirers because you desperately want to believe them. However, you should not enter into this profession simply to amuse your followers, and do not discuss your artistic process with anyone other than trusted mentors and colleagues. The naive compliments of friends and family — who are not actors — will not help you grow as an artist. Talk to your admirers, but listen, understand, and even love the observations of a true professional. There is nothing more beneficial to your growth than the brutally honest words of someone who knows. Unfortunately, however, you will not always be lucky enough to have an acting coach who knows or cares standing over your shoulder giving you expert advice. Therefore, you must know how to manage your fans’ expectation. *mendacity 거짓, 허위 ① How to Observe Your Work to Promote Your Career ② Superfluous Intervention of a True Professional ③ Importance of Experts' evaluation and Your own Objectivity ④ Wrong Interpretation of Someone who Knows Your Characteristics ⑤ Advice and Support in Your Family about Your own Work

지 않은 것은?86)

Jack Welch, a great business leader, who transformed General Electric into one of the world’s leading powerhouses, was constantly evolving tools and methods in search of continuing ① growth. He encouraged managers to start each day as if it was the first day in the job. He frequently said that managers were often ② afraid of change, the very change they must embrace.

And Richard Branson, the CEO of Virgin Atlantic, agrees with Jack on this very important reasoning because at his airline company, people never rest upon past achievements but keep on trying to ③ fall behind things. Interestingly, the moment the airline was voted as having the best business class seats in the world in the UK airline awards, their designer was already beginning to work on the next seats to ④ beat their own expectations rather than their competitors. You must either stay ahead of other people or stay ahead of yourself all the time. If you really put your mind to it you are normally going to find a ⑤ better way.

본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

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저작권법에 의하여 무단전재나 무단복제 및 전송을 금하며, 모든 출판권과 파일 전송권은 도서출판 공터에 있습니다.

E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영어독해연습

도서출판 공터 (www.alot.co.kr) |4강 4|

88.

다음 글의 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?88)

When we purchase a lunch from a food vendor, we exchange money for the material food.

(A) we exchange information regarding the relationship between the vendor and ourselves, ranging from happiness to indifference to anger. Although the food will be consumed and require further material exchanges for additional consumption, the relationship between the vendor and us has the capacity to evolve and grow. The relationship will most likely grow towards greater cooperation and shared oneness through intentionally communicating in loving manners that acknowledge and appreciate the value the vendor adds to our lives in these material and relationship exchanges.

(B) , the food provides physical nourishment, while the relationship can evolve to provide emotional, social, and spiritual nourishment. Future purchases exchange similar quantities of money, while the relationship can increase qualitatively in a variety of important ways

① ② ③ ④ ⑤

(A) As a result At the same time At the same time However However

(B) Hence Hence Consequently Consequently In addition

90. 주어진

글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?90)

Some observers believe that people growing up in the United States may be missing some of the finer points of etiquette and getting along with people.

(A) As a result, U.S. society in recent years has witnessed a new growth industry — namely etiquette trainers, coaches, and consultants. Parents are sending their children to private etiquette classes and camps for the purpose of better preparing them for entering the job market.

(B) Because twenty-first-century American life has become so rushed, parents simply are not taking the time to teach their children proper etiquette. Moreover, because our K-12 educational system is under increased pressure to teach more and more practical courses, there has been little time for teachers to instruct on how to get along in a civil society.

(C) The result is that we see an ever-increasing number of ill-groomed Americans, talking too loudly on their cell phones, drinking someone else’s water at a business dinner, using sloppy grammar in their e-mails, or showing discomfort at making small talk at a cocktail party. *ill-groomed 단정치 못한 모습을 지닌 **sloppy 조잡한

|4강 5|

89.

|4강 6|

① (A)-(C)-(B)

② (B)-(A)-(C)

④ (C)-(A)-(B)

⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)

③ (B)-(C)-(A)

다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하 지 않은 것은?89)

|4강 7|

If leadership ability is ① inherited, the selection and recruitment of managers as potential leaders would only focus on the candidate’s parents and ancestors — evidence of work experience would not be valued.

Moreover, if leaders are born and not developed, then high-performing people would always emerge regardless of the business context, their management ability or the company’s ② willingness to recruit and select well, or coach, mentor, train, develop and evaluate employees.

Furthermore, attempts to improve performance would be a ③ valuable exercise. Such an idea should not be taken too seriously, so why, then, have I mentioned it? Simply because, in my experience, some managers manage their people based on this idea, and it prevents them from applying the person-management skills and techniques that lead to ④ improved performance. I feel that it is far better to accept that the work environment, including management action, shapes people’s behaviour and abilities and that every manager can improve the way they manage people regardless of ⑤ innate characteristics. 본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

91.

다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?91)

To the human brain, playing a game is more like actually running a race than ① watching a film or reading a short story about a race. When I run, I make a series of choices about actions I will take ② that might affect whether I win. I feel a sense of mastery or failure depending on whether I successfully execute the actions in the ways ③ how I intended. My emotions ebb and flow as I make these choices and see what happens as a result. I feel a sense of consequence and responsibility for my choices. In the end, I am to blame for the outcomes, because they ④ arise from my own actions. This rich set of feelings that I have about the solo experience of running ⑤ depend on the active role that I play in the experience.

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*ebb and flow 밀려왔다 밀려갔다 한다, 변동하다

저작권법에 의하여 무단전재나 무단복제 및 전송을 금하며, 모든 출판권과 파일 전송권은 도서출판 공터에 있습니다.

E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영어독해연습

도서출판 공터 (www.alot.co.kr) |4강 8|

92. 다음

빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?92)

Since the nineteenth century, Europeans have got used to seeing their economies surpassed by the Americans.

However, since the Cold War, the United States has been challenged by a resurgent and unifying Europe, and, more recently, by the vigorous “rise” of several nations in the “developing” world — China in particular. Current measurements clearly show the United States economy to have been in relative decline in comparison with these rising economies. Should America’s relative decline also be considered a symptom of morbid decline? Does it indicate a wasting sickness of the American economy? It might well. Nations do rise and fall . Our colleague, Lanxin Xiang, reminds us that China possessed the world’s leading economy for the greater part of the previous millennium. In the end, however, its did not prevent China from being pillaged throughout most of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. *resurgent 재기하는 **morbid 병약한 ***pillage 약탈하다 ① social unity ② past success ③ economy and culture ④ previous measurements ⑤ population decline

|4강 9|

93. 다음

① ② ③ ④ ⑤

|4강 10|

94.

다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?94)

The entrepreneurial journey brings with it a considerable change in lifestyle. When you work for an established organization you are used to certain things.

You know how much money you will bring home each month; how many hours you are expected to work. You are entitled to a certain number of paid holidays and your employer may make contributions toward healthcare costs and pension plans. Entrepreneurs, on the other hand, work around the clock and at least in the early years . These are just some of the challenges that many aspiring entrepreneurs are not tuned into. Since everything is down to you (and your co-founders if this is applicable), you have to take charge and use tact to solve these challenges. This journey doesn’t move forward unless there is planning and a methodological approach. *entrepreneuriel(특히 모험적인)기업가의, 기업가적인

글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?93)

Science is ubiquitous. Its boundaries are unclear, its range confusing. Distinctions have been drawn between different types of science, natural versus social, hard versus soft, historical versus experimental, and so on.

Disagreement reigns over whether economics is science, whether anthropology is science, whether history is science. Creation science calls itself science, but many call foul. Politicians have suggested — what sounds thoroughly reasonable — that policy should utilize sound science and avoid junk science. Scientific discoveries are reported in the media; scientific concepts are utilized in novels, film and television. Science is popularized and demonized. It offers explanations of our most common observations, but in terms that are peculiar and hard to comprehend. Scientific developments are integral to some of society’s most remarkable achievements, but also some of our most horrifying tragedies. Thus, science is both utterly familiar and an immediate source of controversy and debate . *demonize 악마로 묘사하다

본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

History of Modern Science Double Sidedness of Science Necessity and Utilization of Science Positive Function of Science Boundary and Distinction about Science

**tact 재치, 요령 ① ② ③ ④ ⑤

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can earn a lot of money can take a rest any time they want cannot plan their own project cannot expect the same kind of security can contribute to the community

저작권법에 의하여 무단전재나 무단복제 및 전송을 금하며, 모든 출판권과 파일 전송권은 도서출판 공터에 있습니다.

E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영어독해연습

도서출판 공터 (www.alot.co.kr) |4강 11|

95. 주어진

글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?95)

Observation can offer ethnographers solid evidence of demonstrated behaviors occurring within a specific environment at a specific time.

(A) But observation only gives clues and partial answers as to why things happen and the meanings actors attribute to them.

(B) This is why direct observation should be combined with other methods of understanding to address most ethnographers’ problems of interest.

(C) Observational skills help, for instance, when we want to use people’s actions to independently verify their spoken claims; describe and make sense of what is happening when no one can — or will — talk with us; and better capture higher-level patterns of behavior especially regarding objects and environments. Systematic, observation-based data can help us both find out what is actually going on and justify our claims to others. *ethnographer 민족지학자 **verify 입증하다 ① (A)-(C)-(B)

② (B)-(A)-(C)

④ (C)-(A)-(B)

⑤ (C)-(B)-(A)

③ (B)-(C)-(A)

|4강 12|

96.

다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?96)

We have entered a very exciting era for behavioral and mental health care. Advances in artificial intelligence make ① it possible to build intelligent machines that enhance the quality, accessibility, and efficiency of care, while also ② providing entirely new capabilities. For example, the integration of natural language processing and virtual reality has allowed for the creation of interactive intelligent virtual humans that can provide training, consultation, and treatments. Artificial intelligent agent systems can also assist with clinical decision-making and healthcare management. Advances in sensing technologies and affective computing ③ has enabled machines to detect, assess, and respond to emotional states. Robots ④ capable of patient and medical provider interaction are now commercially available for use in the home and medical settings. Moreover, the use of machine learning and pattern recognition is improving public health surveillance, while brain mapping initiatives now underway ⑤ provide opportunities to model behavior and better understand normal and abnormal functions of the brain. *affective computing 감성 컴퓨팅 **surveillance 감시 본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

- 28 -

저작권법에 의하여 무단전재나 무단복제 및 전송을 금하며, 모든 출판권과 파일 전송권은 도서출판 공터에 있습니다.

E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영어독해연습

도서출판 공터 (www.alot.co.kr) 뒤에 이어지는 스키에 관한 이야기를 미루어보면 인지적 간섭 이 운동 선수들이 과업을 수행할 때 엉망으로 만든다는 것을 알 수 있다. 따라서 글의 흐름상 머리를 개입시키는 것이 적 절하다.

정답지 1) ② (B)의 These clients는 지시문에 있는 many clients를 지칭 하고, (A)의 In other words는 (B)의 But이하를 재 진술 하 고 있다. (C)의 Either way를 통해서 두 가지 경우가 진술되 었다는 것으로 보아 (B)-(A)-(C)의 순서가 적절하다.

2) ④ 기술의 발전 때문에 정보가 넘쳐나게 되었다는 글 뒤에 세상 에서 우리가 차지하는 부분은 끊임없이 비좁아 진다라는 의미 가 되어야 하므로 enlarged는 squeezed로 고쳐야 한다.

3) ⑤ 의사 결정자들이 고객에 대한 직관적인 이해를 함으로써 고객 에 대한 공감을 갖고 추상적인 정보를 더 근거 있고 직접적 인 것으로 만든다. 따라서 의사결정자들의 고객에 대한 공감 의 필요성이 적절하다.

4) ① 광고 캠페인을 계획할 때, 아무리 그 내용이 훌륭해도 의도된 대상에게 그 광고가 도달하지 못하면 의미가 없다. 따라서 (A)에는 의도된 targeted(=intended)가 (B)에는 잘못된 광고 캠페인이 전체를 망친다(sabotage)가 적절하다.

5) ② 전기 작가는 사실의 진실에 대한 책임이 있고 이것은 확고하 고 논박의 여지가 없다고 나와야한다. 따라서 ②에 unarguable이 문맥상에 적절하다.

6) ② 심리학과 개 훈련에서의 긍정적 강화에 대한 글이다. 따라서 개와 아동 심리학의 발전은 전 문장의 have much in common과 연관지어 followed similar paths(비슷한 길을 따라왔다)가 적절하다.

7) ③ 앞에 내용에서 음식은 자연 상태에서 최대의 가치를 가진다고 언급하고 익지 않은 상태에서 수확할 경우에 비타민이 많이 없거나 충분하지 않다고 언급하고 있다. ③뒤에는 수용성 비 타민이 가열하여 끓이면 잃는다는 내용으로 보아 destroys가 글의 흐름상 적절하다.

8) ③ 제시문의 they는 ②의 the people을 지칭하고 그들은 그 다 음 주에 모든 일을 반복했다는 의미로 보아 앞에 일을 시작 한 부분 뒤에 들어가는 것이 적절하다.

9) ⑤ 한 과정의 목표와 다른 과정의 목표의 대립을 출근시간에 법 규와 관련되어 진술하고 있다. 속도를 우선으로 해야 하는 시 간에는 속도를 늦추는 속도제한, 정지신호, 차선은 시간을 의 식하며 이동하는 사람들을 도와주는 것이 아니라 좌절시킨다 (frustrate)가 적절하다.

10) ④ 본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

11) ② 뉴스를 보도하는 언론사들은 여러 가지 신호들을 이용하여 자 신들이 보도할 뉴스의 내용과 성격에 대해 유명한 뉴스 진행 자를 이용하는 경우를 들어 나타내고 있다. 빈칸 뒤에는 뉴스 회사들이 자신들의 뉴스 상품에 들어있는 것을 전달하기 위하 여 여러 가지 신호를 사용하다는 것으로 보아. 자신들이 전달 하는 뉴스의 상품의 일부가 된다는 것이 절절하다.

12) ⑤ 다른 가정의 아이를 돌보는 사람들이 고려해야 할 사항에 대 한 글로 뒤에 for example의 예시로 보아 무엇이 해로운지 를 파악하는 것이 중요하다는 것을 알 수 있다.

13) ① 영화를 본 뒤에 경험하는 내적 변화에 대한 글로 마지막문장 에 상담 시간동안 영화의 경험과 심리적 탐구의 결합을 이야 기 하고 있으므로 external(외적인)보다 심리를 나타내는 internal(내적인)이 적절하다.

14) ③ 기술의 발전 때문에 정보가 넘쳐나게 되었고 그렇기 때문에 의사결정이 더욱 복잡해졌다는 ③ Paradox of Modern Life Caused by the Flood of Information(정보의 홍수가 가져 온 현대인의 삶의 역설)이 적절하다.

15) ① 제시문은 의사결정자들이 직접 경험하지 않고 정보를 다룬다 는 부분이 나오고 예시가 나온다. their disconnection을 통 해서 (A)가 뒤에 이어지고 (A)에 고객에 대한 직관적 이해가 해결책이라고 제시하고 (C)에서 그 해결책이 공감을 통해 실 존인물과 연결됨으로 추상적인 정보를 직접적으로 접근한다고 언급하고 (B)에서 It 이 우리가 받는 자료의 맥락을 제공한다 고 한 부분은 앞에 (C)의 that information을 지칭한다.

16) ④ 글의 주제가 의도된 대상에게 광고가 도달하지 못하면 의미가 없다는 의미로 엉뚱한 시청자 앞에 놓인 멋진 광고 메시지는 ④의 시간과 노력의 완전한 낭비다가 적절하다.

17) ⑤ (C)에 this는 제시문의 진실성에 대해 기술해야하는 부분을 지칭하고 (B)는 go further를 통하여 소설기법과 연결되는 (C)에 왜곡기법 뒤에 놓이는 것이 적절하고 (A)의 this는 독 자를 매료시킬 수 있지만 그 장르(전기문)에 평판을 나쁘게 한다는 것으로 보아. 전기문을 소설화하는 (B)뒤에 위치하는 것이 적절하다. 따라서 (C)-(B)-(A)가 글의 순서로 가장 적절 하다.

18) ③ in recent years를 강조하기위한 It has been ~ that 강조 구문이다. 따라서 that을 it으로 바꿔야한다.

19) ③ (A)앞의 내용은 많은 음식이 자연 상태에서 최대의 가치를 갖

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저작권법에 의하여 무단전재나 무단복제 및 전송을 금하며, 모든 출판권과 파일 전송권은 도서출판 공터에 있습니다.

E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영어독해연습

도서출판 공터 (www.alot.co.kr)

는다고 이야기하고 (A)뒤에 예시가 이어지므로 For instance 가 맞고, (B)는 앞에 끓여서 요리 물을 버리면 비타민을 잃게 된다고 언급하고 빈칸 뒤에는 일부 음식들이 소화를 위해서 열을 필요로 한다고 나와 있기 때문에 역접의 연결어 However가 적절하다.

20) ⑤ made it(가목적어) easier(목.보) for most people 의미상의 주어를 수식해주는 coming을 써야한다 진목적어는 뒷부분의 to find 이다.

21) ④ 제시문의 This individual은 ④번 앞에 언급한 the individual을 가르치고 또 다른 목표와의 갈등에 휘말린다는 의미로 보아 앞에 출근에 늦지 않으려고 하는 부분과 연결되 는 것이 적절하다.

22) ③ ③ 뒤에 이어지는 스키에 관한 이야기를 미루어보면 인지적 간섭이 운동선수들이 과업을 수행할 때 엉망으로 만든다는 것 을 알 수 있다. 그러므로 인지적 간섭은 근육 운동에 불필요 한 필수적인 요소를 제거하여 수행력을 향상시킨다. 는 글의 흐름상 적절하지 않다.

23) ① 뉴스를 보도하는 언론사들은 여러 가지 신호들을 이용하여 자 신들이 보도할 뉴스의 내용과 성격에 대해 유명한 뉴스 진행 자를 이용하는 경우를 들어 나타내고 있다. 따라서 언론인은 뉴스의 일부분으로 뉴스 전달 신호이고, 그들에 대한 친숙함 (closeness)을 통해 뉴스의 내용을 예상(anticipate)할 수 있 다가 적절하다.

24) ④ respect는 앞에 balancing의 목적어인 protecting과 병렬구 조를 이루므로 respecting으로 바꾸는 것이 적절하다.

25) ① 글의 초반부에서 창조성은 드문 천재들의 이야기를 통해 잘 보여 질 수 있으며, 창조를 개인의 영역으로 보는 Carlyle의 선언에 대해 이야기하고 있으므로 individual이 적절하다.

26) ① 친환경 제품의 소비자는 환경적 이유 뿐 아니라 돈과 안전의 더 나은 가치를 이유로 제품을 구매한다고 설명하고 있다.

27) ⑤ 뒤의 부연에서 붕소가 부족하면 인이 많아도 식물이 잘 자라 지 못한다고 하고 있으며, 특히 in other words의 앞과 뒤에 같은 내용이 나와야 함을 감안할 때, 앞의 문장에서 특정 필 수 영양소가 최저수준 아래로 떨어질 때 성장이 멈춘다고 이 야기하고 있음으로 가장 부족한 영양소가 중요하다는 점을 알 수 있다.

28) ④ 바로 전 문장에서 ‘과도한 튤립가격의 형성은 그리 오래되지 ᅟ않았다’는 문장에 이어 ‘한 네덜란드 인이 정신을 차리고 약정된 가격에 튤립을 사는 것을 거부했다’는 내용이므로 promised가 되어야 한다.

본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

29) ② 실험의 의도에 해당하는 (B)가 제일 앞에 오고, 실험의 내용 에 해당하는 (A)가 온 후, (C)에서 가설이 틀렸으며 성격특성 과 사건인식에 관련이 있다는 결론이 오는 것이 적절하다.

30) ① 기억세포를 통해 B세포가 항체를 생성하는 과정과 항체의 면 역기능에 대해 설명하고 있는 글이다.

31) ④ 첫 번째 상황에 비교하여서 먹이를 받지 못하고 있으므로 악 수의 횟수가 줄어서 언어적 자극이 더 필요한 상황이므로 less를 more로 바꾸어 쓰는 것이 적절하다.

32) ⑤ 비교하고자 하는 욕구에 관한 글로 부연문장에서 과시하고자 하는 의도를 언급하고 있으므로 비교에 기인하는 경쟁심리가 고급차의 구매의 이유가 됨을 알 수 있다.

33) ① 규칙적인 순서나 패턴을 통한 반복이 글에 대한 이해를 도울 수 있고 색다른 요소의 도입을 용이하게 하며 흥미를 줄 수 있다고 설명하고 있다.

34) ② 벌목산업의 확장에 대해 이야기하고 있으므로 신문을 높이 평 가하는 Jack에게는 잠재적 이익이지만 삼림을 높이 평가하는 Jill에게는 손해임을 알 수 있다.

35) ① 랩음악의 장비가 평범했다는 내용과 집에서 제작한 카세트로 독립음반사에 의해 보급되었다는 내용은 순접 추가에 해당하 는 내용이며, 라디오 산업에서도 랩은 관심대상이 아니었다는 내용 뒤에 New York에 대한 언급은 예시에 해당한다.

36) ③ 뒤에서 고고학이 물질적 유물에 국한될 수밖에 없다고 설명하 고 있으므로 (A)는 selective가, 고고학자들이 많은 것을 알 수 있다고 이야기하고 있으므로 (B)에는 드러낸다는 의미의 revealing이, 물질적 증거를 통해 모계제 사회에 대한 추정을 한다는 예시가 나와 있으므로 (C)에는 추론을 의미하는 inferences가 오는 것이 적절하다.

37) ① 창의성에 대한 상반된 견해로서 고립된 천재모형과 사회 관계 망 내에서의 창의성 모형을 제시하고 있다.

38) ③ 녹색소비 및 기업의 사회적 책임 측면에서 소비자들에게 친환 경적 제품의 성능이 떨어지지 않고 오히려 특정 측면에서는 더 좋을 수도 있다고 전달해야할 필요성에 대해 이야기하고 있으므로 perform lower하지 않다고 납득시켜야 한다고 말 하는 것이 적절하다.

39) ⑤ 주장에 대한 일반적 진술이 온 후, 근거로서 분석에 대한 내 용이 나오고, in other words 다음에 재진술이 나오는 것이

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적절하다.

40) ④ 튤립의 수요가 과대하여 거품이 일었다가 거품이 꺼지면서 생 긴 결과에 대해 이야기하고 있다.

41) ⑤ 운이 좋은 사람은 반복해서 운이 좋다는 내용과 운이 나쁜 사람에게는 나쁜 일이 일어난다는 내용이 (A)의 앞과 뒤에 나 와 있으므로, similarly, likewise와 같은 비유열거의 표현이 나 however가 적절하며, 연구진들의 가정이 틀렸다는 내용 뒤에 성격이 오히려 일어난 일에 영향을 미쳤다는 내용이 이 어지고 있으므로 (B)에는 instead나 rather가 오는 것이 적 절하다.

42) ⑤ B세포가 항체를 만드는 대신 기다린다고 하고 있으므로 뒤에 언젠가 항원이 나타나면 기억세포가 항체생산으로 전환된다는 부연이 오는 것이 적절하다.

43) ② 실험의 내용에 대해 설명하고 있는 (B)가 제일 먼저 오고, 간 식을 주지 않았을 때의 실험의 결과인 (A)가 다음에, 공정성 이 깨진 상태에서의 실험의 결과인 (C)가 마지막에 오는 것이 자연스럽다.

44) ③ 첫 문장에서 비교에 대해 언급한 후, 고급차 구매의 예시를 통해 인간의 과시하고자하는 욕구에 대해 말하고 있다.

45) ⑤ 반복과 예측가능성을 통해 글의 이해가 더 쉬워지고 특히 예 측 가능한 글의 경우 색다른 요소가 삽입된다면 흥미를 더할 수 있다는 글로서 친숙하지 않은 글에 색다른 요소를 삽입하 는 것이 어렵다는 것은 글 전체의 흐름과 관계없다.

46) ① 개인의 선호 비교를 위한 규칙으로 손익분석의 원리에 대해 설명하고 있으며 어떻게 손해와 이익을 분석하는지에 대해 말 하고 있다.

47) ④ 랩 음악의 발전환경이 어려웠음을 설명하는 글로 주요 음반사 에 의해 제작된 랩 음악이 소수였다는 내용으로 보아 음반사 들이 랩음악을 환영하지 않았다는 것을 알 수 있으므로 resisted가 적절하다.

48) ④ 고고학자들의 연구 자료가 한정적이라는 내용의 (C)가 가장 먼저 나온 후에 물질적 증거의 조각들을 찾는다는 내용을 설 명하고 (A)에서 예시로서 쓰레기장이 정보를 드러낼 수 있다 는 내용이 나와야 하며, 비물질적 측면에 대한 추론이 언급된 후에 (B)에서 비물질적 측면의 추론의 예로 매장방식에 대해 설명하는 것이 자연스럽다.

49) ② [요약문해석] 낙관주의와 희망을 가지고 현실을 수용하는 것이 더 중요함에도 불구하고, 많은 사람들은 일반적이지 않은 신 본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

념들이 때때로 유익하다고 믿는다. 이 글은 합리적이지 않은 신념들이 유익하다고 하지만, 그럼 에도 불구하고 낙관주의를 가지고, 현실을 수용하는 것이 중 요하다고 말하고 있으므로 빈칸 (A)에는 유익한(beneficial) 이, (B)에는 껴안다(embrace)가 가장 적절하다.

50) ④ 이 글은 친구의 조언의 효용 가치에 대한 글이므로 이 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은 ④ 친구의 조언: 사려 깊지 않지 만, 도움이 되는(Peer’s Advice: Not Considerate, But Supportive)이 가장 적절하다. ① 진실을 숨기는 것의 유용성 ② 위대한 스승: 어머니 ③ 동료와의 좋은 관계를 위한 조언 ⑤ 꾸중과 나쁜 습관의 상관관계 51) ⑤ 주어진 글에서 철도가 남북전쟁에서 북부에게 도움이 되었다 는 일반적인 진술에 이어, (C)에서 철도에 대포를 탑재하면서 전투 준비 시간이 줄어들었다는 내용에 이어, (B)에서 말을 이용하지 않고, 철도에 대포를 장착하여 전투 준비 시간을 줄 인 것이 현저한 발전이라고 언급한 내용에 이어, (A)에서 철 도 차량의 바닥이 완충 역할을 함으로써 받침대를 계속 재건 설할 필요가 없어졌다는 내용으로 이어지는 것이 가장 적절하 다.

52) ③ 이 글은 자유주의에 있어서 선(善)의 주관성에 대한 글이므로 ③ Subjectivity of the Good in Liberalism이 가장 적절하 다. ① 절대적 선의 원칙 ② 객관성에 대한 각 개인의 선호 ④ 자유주의: 점진적 사회발달에 대한 믿음 ⑤ 주관성, 객관성과 매우 큰 차이 53) ⑤ [요약문해석] 시각적으로 어떤 개인을 평가할 때, 그의 실제 외모나 능력은 우리의 추론과 다를 수 있다. 어떤 사람의 외모를 통해 그 사람이 가지고 있는 유전적 잠 재력을 안다고 말하는 것은 때로 불합리하다는 것을 예시를 통해서 보여주는 글이므로 (A)에는 시각적으로(visually)가, (B)에는 실제(factual)이 가장 적절하다 ① 신비하게 – 편견 없는 ② 맹목적으로 – 가치 없는 ③ 시각적으로 - 잘못된 ④ 둔하게 – 믿을 수 있는 54) ② (A) 회계사에 대한 정의가 너무 단순화되었다는 내용이므로 simplistic(단순화된)이 적절하다. *complicated: 복잡한 (B) 문맥상 회계사가 해야 할 일이 확장되고 있다는 내용이므로 expand(확장하다)가 적절하다. *shrink: 줄어들게 하다 (C) 지루하고, 보수적이며 회색 정장을 입은 회계사의 이미지 는 오래되었다는 내용이 되어야 하므로 outdated(구식의)가 적절하다. *modern: 현대의 55) ② 예술은 공감에 대한 보편적인 인간의 욕구 때문에 존재한다는 내용이므로 ② 공감: 예술의 존재 이유(Compassion: Reason for Existence of Art)가 가장 적절하다. ① 예술 작품을 만들려고 하는 본능적인 바람

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③ 인간성: 친구로서 반드시 가져야 하는 태도 ④ 이타주의: 소중한 관계를 위한 약속 ⑤ 친구: 우리가 이 세상에서 가지는 소중한 사람 56) ② 질병을 이용해서 농사 기술에 대해서 배울 수 있다는 내용이 므로 ② Acquire farming technology using diseases(질병 을 이용하여 농사 기술을 얻어라)가 주제로 가장 적절하다. ① 살충제로 해충을 죽이는 것이 항상 효과가 있다 ③ 동물과 식물을 이용하여 농장을 확장하라 ④ 인도는 농사문제 해결의 기원이다 ⑤ 질병을 통제하여 건강 문제를 해결하라 57) ② [요약문해석] 기후 변화에 대한 관광 부문의 대응을 통하여, 우리는 두가지 주류의 차이점에 대해 구분할 수 있다; 완화는 관광의 영향을 줄이려는 일종의 시도인 반면에 적응은 관광이 기후 변화에 적응하는 것을 요구한다. 완화와 적응의 차이점에 대해 진술하고 있는 글이며, 완화는 관광의 영향을 줄이려는 시도이므로 (A)에는 difference(차이 점)가, (B)에는 diminish(줄이다)가 들어가는 것이 가장 적절 하다. ① 유사성 – 줄이다 ③ 유사성 – 줄이다 ④ 유사성 – 늘리다 ⑤ 차이점 – 늘리다 58) ⑤ pursuing → challenging 문맥상 매우 개인주의적이고, 자신에 대해서만 생각하는 문 화에 이의를 제기한다는 내용이 되어야 하므로 ⑤ pursuing (추구하는)을 challenging(이의를 제기하는)으로 바꿔야 한다.

59) ② 과학적 아이디어는 일상의 생각과 달리 직관에 반대한다는 내용에 대한 예시를 들고 있으므로 (A)에는 For example(예 를 들어)가 적절하고, 나무는 금속만큼 빠르게 열을 전도하지 않고, 그래서 금속보다 더 따뜻하게 느껴진다는 말을 구체적 으로 다시 설명해주고 있으므로 (B)에는 In other words(다 시 말해서)가 적절하다.

60) ⑤ [요약문해석] 만약 진화이론이 종들에게 철저하게 적용된다면, 이타주의 종들은 살아남을 수 없을 것인데, 여전히 종의 유전 자 개체들을 보호하기 위해 많은 종들이 남아 있다. ① 끝나다 – 보호하다 ② 끝나다 – 상처입히다 ③ 살아남다 – 포기하다 ④ 살아남다 – 위험에 빠뜨리다 61) ④ 이 글의 주제는 비과학적인 신념을 버리고 합리적(과학적)으 로 생각하라는 내용이므로, ④ 낙관주의를 믿으며 당신의 현 실을 받아들여라(Take your reality, believing optimism)가 글의 주제로 가장 적절하다. ① 평화를 위해 당신의 삶을 편안하고 안전하게 하라 ② 보이지 않는 손이 지속적으로 세상을 지배한다 ③ 자신감은 항상 신념과 관련되어 있다 ⑤ 모든 신비는 해결된다는 것을 명심하라 62) ⑤ [요약문해석] 때때로 친구의 부주의한 조언이 다른 어떤 진실 한 간섭보다 더 효과가 있을 수 있다. 본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

이 글은 엄마의 잔소리보다 친구의 조심성 없는 핀잔이 오히 려 친구의 나쁜 버릇을 더 빠르게 고칠 수 있다는 내용이므 로 빈칸 (A)에는 조심성 없는(careless)이, (B)에는 간섭 (intervention)이 가장 적절하다.

63) ③ 이 글은 철도와 철도를 이용한 대포가 남북 전쟁에 미친 영 향에 대해 진술한 글이므로 ③ 남북 전쟁에 대한 철도의 기 여(The Contribution of Railroads to the Civil War)가 가 장 적절하다. ① 철도에 대한 군대의 집착 ② 이동식 포차의 발달 과정 ④ 남북전쟁: 도시 발달의 근간 ⑤ 군비를 줄이는 것의 효용성 64) ③ what → that 뒷 문장이 완전한 문장이며 동사의 목적절을 이끄는 접속사가 필요하므로 what을 that으로 바꿔야 한다 65) ④ 어떤 사람의 유전적 잠재력을 안다는 것의 불합리함을 보여주 는 사고 실험이 있다는 주어진 글에 이어서, (C)에서 우람한 보디빌더와 비쩍 마른 남자의 예를 들고, (A)에서 사람들은 우람한 보디빌더가 유전적으로 장점을 가지고 있다고 판단하 겠지만, 실제로는 그렇지 않을 수도 있다는 추론을 하고, 마 지막으로 실제로는 비쩍 마른 남자가 아직 그 우월한 유전자 를 활성화시키지 않았을 수도 있다고 하는 (B)로 이어지는 것 이 글의 순서로 가장 적절하다.

66) ⑤ 이 글은 실제 회계사가 하는 일이 단순하게 금융 장부를 기 입하는 것이 아니라 더 확장된 업무를 하고 있다는 내용이므 로 빈칸에 가장 적절한 것은 ③ 단순화된(simplistic)이다. ① 새로운 ② 극단적인 ③ 유연한 ④ 복잡한 67) ④ unconscious → conscious 우리는 모두 무언가를 표현하고자 하는 끊임없는 욕구를 가지 고 있다는 내용이어야 하므로 unconscious(무의식적인)를 conscious(의식적인)로 바꿔야 한다.

68) ③ [요약문해석] 농사 문제를 해결함에 있어 해충을 제거하는 것 보다는 질병을 이용하는 것이 훨씬 낫다. 해충을 제거하기보다 식물과 동물의 질병을 이용하여 농사 문 제를 더 잘 해결할 수 있다는 내용이므로 (A)에는 해결하는 (resolving)이, (B)에는 제거하다(remove)가 가장 적절하다. ① 분석하는 - 이용하다 ② 불안하게 만드는 – 제거하다 ④ 해결하는 - 이용하다 ⑤ 제거하는 – 제거하다 69) ④ decrease → increase 온실가스 배출과 관련된 운송비용은 증가시킨다는 내용이 되 어야 하므로 ④ decrease(줄이다)를 increase(늘리다)로 바꿔

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야 한다.

70) ④ 공감을 체험하기 위해 시각 장애인이 되는 경험을 했다는 내 용이며, 전체 글은 공감 기술을 배우는 것에 대한 내용인데, 시각적 장애에 대해 정의하고 있는 ④는 전체 흐름과 관계 없는 문장이다.

71) ⑤ accustomed → resistant 문맥상 이 방 저 방을 다니면서 많은 물체를 만지게 되면 우 리의 잘못된 생각이 강화되고 변화에 저항하게 되는 것이 자 연스러우므로 ⑤ accustomed(익숙한)를 resistant(저항하는) 로 바꿔야 한다.

72) ⑤ 이타주의는 사회 생물학과 진화론에 어려움을 준다는 주어진 글에 이어, (C)에서 이타주의적인 행동을 하는 작은 새의 예 를 들고, (B)에서 그러한 이타적 행동 때문에, 진화론에 따르 면 이타주의 유전자를 가진 개체는 사라지는 것이 맞지만, 실 제로는 계속해서 존재하는데, 그것은 종을 보호하려는 진화적 동기라고 설명하는 (A)로 이어지는 것이 글의 순서로 가장 적 절하다.

73) ④ 길이 더 길고, 좀 더 많은 신호등을 가지고 있다는 원인절 (because절) 때문에 결과를 나타내는 주절은 smart(똑똑한) 보다는 silly(멍청한) 으로 바꾸는 것이 더 적절하다.

74) ① 발전하기 위해서 필요한 것은 혁신이지 자기만족이 되면 안 된다는 것이 글의 요지이다.

75) ② 배우에게 필요한 평가는 전문가의 언급과 평가이므로 믿을만 한 멘토와 동료가 아닌 다른 누구와는 과정을 논의하지 말라 고 하는 것이 내용상 적절하다.

76) ④ 관계대명사 what은 뒤에 불완전 문장이 오면서 동시에 선행 사를 포함하고 있다는 특징이 있으므로 앞에 선행사 명사가 없어야 한다. 그런데 이 문장에서는 뒤에 불완정 문장이 온 것은 맞지만, 앞에 선행사 명사인 value가 있으므로 관계대명 사 what이 나올 수 없다.

77) ③ such an idea 는 앞의 문장 전체를 나타내고 있으며 주어진 문장 다음에 주어진 문장에 대한 이유를 설명하고 있으므로 ③이 적절하다.

78) ② (A)는 사람들이 자라고 있는 것이므로 growing이 맞다.

(B)는 뒤에 있는 pressure를 꾸며주는 역할로 의미상 수동을 나타내는 과거분사인 increased를 사용하는 것이 맞다.

(C)는 병렬 구조에 따르면서 앞의 talking, drinking, using 과 함께 showing을 사용하는 것이 맞다.

본 자료는 도서출판 공터에서 제작하였습니다.

79) ② 이글은 게임을 설명하기 위해 경주에 비유하면서, 경주에서는 어떤 행동을 할지에 대한 나의 선택에 따라 그에 따른 느낌 이 달라진다라고 설명한 글로 제목은 ②이다.

80) ④ 중국은 지난 천 년 기간의 대부분 동안 세계에서 선두적인 경제를 소유했다는 내용이므로 ④는 일치하지 않는다.

81) ⑤ 현대과학의 양면성에 관한 글이다, 과학은 친숙하면서도 논란 과 논쟁의 직접적인 원천이라고 했으므로 빈칸에는 대중화되 고 악마로 묘사된다고 하는 것이 적절하다.

82) ③ 주어진 문장은 기업가들의 상태를 설명하고 있는 문장으로, 앞에는 직원들의 권리 및 상황에 대한 내용이고 뒤에는 기업 가들의 상황이 부연 설명되어 있으므로 ③에 들어가는 것이 글의 흐름상 적절하다.

83) ④ 준사역동사 help는 목적어와 목적어보어의 관계가 능동일 때 목적어 자리에 원형부정사와 to부정사를 사용하는 것이므로 finding이 아니라 원형부정사인 find로 고쳐야 맞다.

84) ② 인공지능의 발전과 활용에 대한 내용이다. ② 앞 문장은 인공 지능의 발전이 가능하게 한 것에 대해 설명을 하고 있고, 그 에 대한 예시가 주어진 문장부터 차례로 나열되고 있다.

85) ③ 사고의 기능은 감정과 감각에서 오는 정보를 번역하고 해석하 는 것이라고 했고, 내면의 정보를 반박하기 위해 논리를 이용 하는 습관이 있다고 했으므로 스스로레게 말하는 것을 믿는 경향이 있다고 했으므로 스스로에게 말하는 것으로 접근할 수 있다.

86) ③ Jack 과 의견이 일치한다고 했고, 과거의 성취에 안주하지 않 는다고 했으므로 상황을 개선시킨다는 improve를 쓰는 것이 더 적절하다.

87) ③ 배우에게 가장 필요한 것은 전문가의 평가와 스스로를 객관적 으로 관찰하는 법을 알아야 한다는 것이 이 글의 내용이다.

88) ③ 돈과 물질적인 음식을 교환한다는 (A) 앞 내용과 노점상과 우 리 사이의 관계에 대한 정보를 교환한다는 (A) 뒤를 봤을 때 교환한다는 내용이 같이 있으므로 동시에 라는 뜻을 가진 at the same time이 적절하다. (B) 앞 문장은 의도적인 소통을 통해 협력과 일체감이 생길 것이라고 했고 (B) 뒤는 관계가 제공하는 것에 대한 나열이 나와 있으므로 원인과 결과를 나 타내는 Consequently를 쓰는 것이 적절하다.

89) ③ 리더십 능력이 유전되는 것이라면 업무경험의 평가를 하지 않 고, 사업 환경이나 관리 능력 또는 회사의 의지와는 상관없는 일이 되는 것이므로 업무수행을 향상시키고자 하는 시도는 헛 된 일이 된다는 의미에서 wasteful을 쓰는 것이 적절하다.

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90) ③ 미국에서 사람들이 예절과 잘 지내는 것의 세부 사항을 지키 지 못하고 있다는 주어진 문장 다음에, 그에 대한 부연설명으 로 아이들에게 예절을 가르치지 못하는 상황에 대한 설명인 (B)가 먼저 나오고, 예절을 가르치지 못해서 생긴 결과인 (C) 가 나온 후에 마지막으로 그런 문제를 없애기 위한 해결책으 로 예절 관련된 새로운 산업이 나오고 있다는 (A)가 마지막으 로 온다.

91) ⑤ 수의 일치를 묻는 문제이고 주어가 This rich set 단수 명사 이므로 동사도 단수동사를 써서 depends 로 해야 맞다.

92) ② 나라는 융성하고 쇠퇴한다는 내용으로 미루어 봤을 때 중국이 약탈당하는 것을 맞지 못한 것은 그 전에 융성한다는 내용으 로 봐야 하므로 과거의 성공이 빈칸에 적절하다.

93) ② 과학은 대중화되고 동시에 악마로 묘사되기도 하며, 주목할 만한 업적들 중 일부에 필수적이지만 동시에 비극적 사건들의 일부에도 필수적이고, 또한 친숙하면서도 논란과 논쟁의 원천 이 된다고 했으므로 과학의 양면성에 대한 글이라는 것을 알 수 있다.

94) ④ 기업가의 길에 대한 내용의 지문이고, 기업가는 상당한 변화 를 수반한다고 설명한다, 또한 빈칸의 앞문장과 비교했을 때 on the other hand로 반대되는 내용이 들어가야 하므로 직 원과 동일한 종류의 안전을 기대할 수 없다 가 빈칸에 가장 적절하다.

95) ④ 관찰은 분명히 보여진 행동에 대한 확실한 증거를 제공할 수 있다는 주어진 문장 뒤에 관찰기법이 도움이 된다는 예시들이 있는 (C)가 먼저 나오고 그 뒤에 앞 내용에 대한 반론으로 관 찰은 단지 부분적인 대답을 준다는 (A)가 나온 후에 마지막으 로 그래서 그것에 대한 해결책으로 다른 이해 방법들과 결합 해야 한다는 대안책이 나오는 (B)가 나온다.

96) ③ 수의 일치 문제로 주어가 Advances 복수명사이므로 동사도 이에 맞춰서 복수동사인 have가 나와야 맞다.

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