E모든 자습서를 핵심단어와 함께 공부하면 1석2조! 한 마리. 단어를 알고 지문을 보면 문법과 리딩 학습의 효과가 높아집니다. 두 마리. 지문을 통해 익힌 단어는 오래오래 기억됩니다.
그래서 독자 여러분께, E모든 자습서 단어장을 드립니다. wildfire
contemporary
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2018학년도 E 모든 시리즈 및
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모든 자습서 영어독해 연습
영어독해 연습
수능특강 영어
한 권으로 모든 것을 해결하는 (All In
어마
한 권으로 모든 것을 해결하는 (All In 없는 것 없 는 어
e) On
없는 것 없 는 어
마
마
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e) On
수능특강 영어
어마
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E 모든 자습서 수능특강 영어
판매/검색 1위
수능특강 영어
53740
ISBN 979-11-960512-0-4
모든 자습서
・논산 대건고등학교 유승호 선생님 ・공주사대 부속중학교 이상원 선생님 ・부산 동천고등학교 강병로 선생님 ・천안 복자여자고등학교 정명근 선생님 ・여주 대신고 탁일영 선생님
도서출판 공터
펴낸이_ 도서출판 공터 제 작_ (주)더지엠박병철,
임성진 공저
영어독해 연습
Yes 24 ‘ebs 자습서’ 인터넷 교보문고 ‘수능 자습서’ 알라딘 ‘수능 자습서’
[책임 검토 위원]
값 12,500원 53740
박병철, 홍석진 공저
값 12,500원
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박병철, 임성진 공저
철, 임성진 더지엠
수 능
모든 자습서
위원]
등학교 유승호 선생님 속중학교 이상원 선생님 등학교 강병로 선생님 자고등학교 정명근 선생님
2 0 1 8 학 년 도
9 791196 051204
ISBN 979-11-960512-0-4
수능특강 영어독해 연습 변형문제
(7월 발매)
(8월 발매)
(4월 초 발매)
모든 자습서 도서출판 공터
수능완성 영어 변형문제
박병철, 홍석진 공저
E 모든 총정리 단어장 (8월 발매)
E 모든 FINAL 봉투 모의고사 (5, 8, 9월 출시)
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E 모든 시리즈 교재 필진 · 박병철 선생님 (부산 박쌤 셀프영어) · 임성진 선생님 (부산 남천대성 독학재수학원) · 이정민 선생님 (메가스터디 온라인) · 최명형 선생님 (강남구청 인터넷수능방송) · 음승표 선생님 (충주 엠듀오 학원) · 홍석진 선생님 (은평 교육법인 AMS 창해학원) · 채진오 선생님 (창원 Jake's E.R. [English Room]) · 허진희 선생님 (노블 펜타스 기숙학원) · 이명진 선생님 (대구 씨앤이 어학원) · 이정헌 선생님 (안양 한보학원) · 발행인: 김종환 (은평 교육법인 AMS 창해학원) · 총 기획: 김종인 (일산 ICDI, 나침반 36.5)
A4!!! A형 4명!
이정민 선생님
최명형 선생님
김종환 선생님
음승표 선생님
CONTENTS
(01~18강)
008
주제 소재 (19~30강)
070
유형
Test
(Test 1~3)
정답 및 해설
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2018학년도 수능 및 내신 대비 필독서
E 모든 변형문제 수능특강 영어 편
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09강 내용 중 실용문과 10강 도표와 18강 장문독해 전체에 대한 변형문제는 교재 에서 빠져있습니다. Test 1, 2, 3에서도 실용문과 도표와 긴 장문독해에 대한 변형문제는 빠져있습니다. 도서출판 공터 홈페이지(www.alot.co.kr)에 방문하시어 변형문제를 무료로 다운 받으시기 바랍니다. ★ 3학년 내신대비를 위한 내신형 객관식 문제들과 각 단원 서술형 문제들도 자료 실에 탑재할 예정입니다. 많은 이용 바랍니다.
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E 모든 2 0 1 8 학 년 도
수 능
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내 신
대 비
필 독 서
변형문제 수능특강 영어 편
E 모든 변형문제
3 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
01강
1 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|1강 1|
All parents should have received a copy of information
|1강 3|
At Metro Bank we try to provide banking facilities of the highest quality in order to ① accurately meet our
about the Westfield High School Wildfire Action Plan
customers’ needs. To do this it is essential that we listen to ② what our customers have to say. We would like you
sent home with students at the start of the year. It is
to help us by giving us your opinion of Metro Bank’s
vital that all students and staff know what to do should . The seriousness of this plan has
services. We are asking an independent market research company, MIC Limited, ③ to interview a number of
been carefully explained to all students. The weather conditions for the start of this year have been quite mild,
customers over the next few weeks. MIC Limited is a reliable company, and your individual responses will ④ be
but the risk of fire has still been extreme, making it
kept completely confidential. They will be conducting the
critical that all students and staff know what to do. The
interviews by telephone, so an interviewer may telephone
whole school rehearsed our evacuation to the Edenville
you at some point over the next few weeks. Because
Sports Centre, the designated “wildfire refuge” in a wildfire situation, and emergency lockdown procedures
MIC Limited will choose who to interview, you might not be contacted at all. If you ⑤ do, we would value your
during the first week of school. The students were
contribution and hope you will be able to help us if asked.
impressive with a mature and serious approach to the drills and should be praised for this.
*lockdown 통제
① generate school safety ② face a wildfire ③ raise safety accident
4 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?
④ move in the group
|1강 4|
⑤ receive an award for school safety
I have been a subscriber to your Internet service for the last two and a half years, but of late the amount of spam
2 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않은 것은?
|1강 2|
has increased dramatically. (A) Therefore, I demand that you stop these offensive and irritating communications and emails. Please let me
Thank you for your patience while the tenure committee considered your possible ① promotion to Associate
know what steps you are going to take to solve this problem immediately. I am currently paying Rs 60 per
Professor. We all agree that you have made significant
month for Internet services.
contributions to the Biology Department in your teaching, and we congratulate you on being voted “Teacher of
(B) I expect you to provide proper Internet services for
the Year.” After reviewing the list of your publications, however, we have decided to ② withhold the promotion
a customer like me. Unless these problems of spam
to Associate Professor until a later date. While you have
considering switching over to one of your competitors
several promising research projects in progress, the committee would like to see more publications before ③
who are eager to provide better services.
withdrawing Associate Professor status. We will be happy to ④ reconsider your request for advancement next year
and popups are immediately solved, I am seriously
(C) The popups in particular are very disturbing, and the content of the spam is really offensive. I am totally appalled by these messages. Other members of my
if the number and quality of your publications increase. Again, we ⑤ salute your contributions to our department and wish you continued success in your professional and academic career.
008
*tenure (대학교수 등의) 종신 재직권
family share my computer. *appall 질겁하게 하다 **Rs 루피(인도, 파키스탄 등의 화폐 단위)
① (A) – (C) – (B)
② (B) – (A) – (C)
④ (C) – (A) – (B)
⑤ (C) – (B) – (A)
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③ (B) – (C) – (A)
E 모든 변형문제
5 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?
|1강 1|
All parents should have received a copy of information about the Westfield High School Wildfire Action Plan sent home with students at the start of the year. It is vital that all students and staff know what to do should we face a
① Suggest Academic Research Subject for Promotion ② Withhold the Notification Schedule for the promotion ③ Congratulate on Promotion to Associate Professor ④ Acquire Term from Many Publications ⑤ Fail the Screening for Promotion to Associate Professor
wildfire. The seriousness of this plan has been carefully explained to all students. The weather conditions for the start of this year have been quite mild, but the risk of fire has still been extreme, making it critical that all students and staff know what to do. The whole school rehearsed our evacuation to the Edenville Sports Centre, the designated “wildfire refuge” in a wildfire situation, and emergency lockdown procedures during the first week of school. The students were impressive with a mature and serious approach to the drills and should be praised for this. *lockdown 통제
7 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않은 것은?
|1강 3|
At Metro Bank we try to provide banking facilities of the highest quality in order to ① accurately meet our customers’ needs. To do this it is ② essential that we listen to what our customers have to say. We would like you to help us by giving us your opinion of Metro Bank’s services. We are asking an ③ dependent market research company, MIC Limited, to interview a number
① 학부모님들에게 산불대응계획에 관한 안내문을 연초에 발송하였다.
of customers over the next few weeks. MIC Limited is a ④ reliable company, and your individual responses will
② 산불이 일어났을 때 모든 학생과 교직원들에 무엇을 할지를 알려
be kept completely confidential. They will be conducting
주는 것이 중요하다.
the interviews by telephone, so an interviewer may
③ 기상 상태가 올해 초에 온화해서, 화재의 위험성이 낮았다.
telephone you at some point over the next few weeks.
④ 산불 발생 상황에서 지정된 대피 장소로 이동하는 훈련했다.
Because MIC Limited will choose who to interview, you might not be ⑤ contacted at all. If you are, we would
⑤ 학생들은 성숙하고 진지하게 훈련에 임하여 칭찬받아야 마땅하다.
value your contribution and hope you will be able to help us if asked.
6 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
|1강 2|
8 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
|1강 4|
Thank you for your patience while the tenure committee
I have been a subscriber to your Internet service for the
considered your possible promotion to Associate Professor. We all agree that you have made significant contributions
last two and a half years, but of late the amount of spam ① has increased dramatically. The popups in particular
to the Biology Department in your teaching, and we
are very ② disturbing, and the content of the spam is
congratulate you on being voted “Teacher of the Year.”
really offensive. I am totally appalled by these messages.
After reviewing the list of your publications, however,
Other members of my family share my computer.
we have decided to withhold the promotion to Associate
Therefore, I demand that you stop these offensive and
Professor until a later date. While you have several promising research projects in progress, the committee
irritating communications and emails. Please let me know ③ what steps you are going to take to solve this problem
would like to see more publications before granting
immediately. I am currently paying Rs 60 per month for
Associate Professor status. We will be happy to reconsider
Internet services. I expect you to provide proper Internet services for a customer like me. ④ If these problems of
your request for advancement next year if the number and contributions to our department and wish you continued
spam and popups are immediately solved, I am seriously considering ⑤ switching over to one of your competitors
success in your professional and academic career.
who are eager to provide better services.
quality of your publications increase. Again, we salute your
*tenure (대학교수 등의) 종신 재직권
E 모든 변형문제
*appall 질겁하게 하다 **Rs 루피(인도, 파키스탄 등의 화폐 단위)
수능특강 영어 편
009
E 모든 변형문제
11 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
02강
9 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 |2강 1|
곳은?
|2강 3|
Competition seems to interfere with achievement primarily because it is stressful. The anxiety that arises from the possibility of losing interferes with performance.
But there is always the danger that friends, if we say or
Even if this anxiety can be suppressed, it is difficult to
do something that hurts or annoys them, will declare, ‘I’m
do two things at the same time: trying to do well and
not your friend any more.’
trying to beat others. Competition can easily distract
Our relationships with friends are very different from those with parents and siblings. ( ① ) Unlike family relationships, particularly adult-child relationships, peer relationships are based on a degree of equality between the participants. ( ② ) This allows more negotiation of the terms of the relationship. ( ③ ) Also, unlike family relations, which one cannot pick and choose, peer relationships can be relatively easily established and just as easily destroyed. ( ④ ) Our parents and siblings are generally stuck with us whether they or we like it or not. ( ⑤ ) Children therefore need to make much more of an effort to strengthen and maintain relationships with their peers than with their siblings and parents — or any other adult, for that matter.
attention from the task at hand. Consider a teacher asking her pupils a question. A little boy waves his arm wildly to attract her attention, crying, “Please! Please! Pick me!” Finally recognized, he has forgotten the answer. So he scratches his head, asking, “What was the question again?” The problem is that he has focused on beating his classmates, not on the subject matter. ① Competition Goes Wrong ② How to Concentrate a Studying ③ Competition : Double Edge Sword ④ Harmful Effect of teacher’s having a prejudice ⑤ The Importance of Active Participation in Class
12 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|2강 4|
Newspapers, especially large city editions, face a number of trying factors such as declining readership, poor advertising revenues, and stiff competition with other forms of media, most notably multimedia. In reaction, many newspapers now offer online editions
10 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
|2강 2|
It is not just the newness of contemporary literature that makes it different, but also the context ① in which it is written and received, something which gives it a very interesting edge over the literature of the past. ② globalization, one can expect many more shared references in contemporary literature with regard to history, media and cultural icons, ③ is mixed, as a rule, with local or national references. It can easily be held that writers like the Canadian Douglas Coupland and the Japanese Haruki Murakami ④ have more in common with each other than with the literary traditions in which they grew up, because contemporary music, television and other media have had such a significant influence on their work, both formally and thematically, and these are influences ⑤ to which many writers of the past did not have access.
010
of their publications. The job outlook for newspaper reporters is . The bottom line with newspapers rests on the advertising-to-editorial-content ratio, which is dependent on the health of the economy. Many businesses reduce their spending on advertising when the economy is poor. During severe recessions, reporters’ jobs are among the first to go. Competition for jobs with large city papers will be fierce; experienced graduates, with completed internships, will fare well. Writing opportunities for minorities will increase to better reflect the diverse communities served by newspapers. Because the population growth of the suburbs is expected to continue, the number of suburban dailies and weeklies will increase to meet the demand for local news, creating jobs for less experienced reporters or those who prefer working for a smaller paper. ① pessimistic
② mixed
④ gloomy
⑤ blurred
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*recession 불경기, 불황
③ optimized
E 모든 변형문제
13 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
|2강 5|
15 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|2강 7|
Blue may be the most preferred colour but in many
Based on our biases in Western culture, we generally
circumstances, for example in food colouring, people would ① be opposed to blue, and in other circumstances,
presume that all actions have an antecedent cause.
for example, the preferred colour of cars, blue would be
all things have a cause. Our primary objective is to find
less popular than other colours, such as red. One reason for this is that colours have meanings ② that influence
and establish that relationship. In the social sciences, . It is very difficult to be value-
preferences in particular contexts. Black is a popular
free; we come with a great deal of cultural bias and can
colour for certain items of clothing — ‘the little black dress’ — but a black shirt may have ③ unacceptable
easily misinterpret or unknowingly manipulate facts. We
political connotations for people over a certain age.
chemical interactions. Human behavior may be highly
Perhaps people have a mental image of the ideal colour
unpredictable; our subjects have free will, and our models
for different kinds of foods and advertisers can make
may not be applicable in various situations. For example,
use of these images by arranging the lighting in colour
our American model of the nuclear family (spouses and
photographs or in supermarket displays to enhance the desirability of the products. Items ④ that colours deviated
children) is less accurate than the more universal model
from the ideal would be judged ⑤ unappealing even if
family relationships and composition in many societies.
Things do not just happen; it is not a random world, so
do not have the luxury of working with petri dishes or
(mother and child) when it comes to understanding
the same colour was liked in the abstract or in another context.
*connotation 함축, 내포
*antecedent 선행의 **petri dish 페트리 접시(세균 배양 따위에 쓰이는 실험용 접시)
① that can support the nuclear family in America ② that can be corrected by one’s free will ③ that can be different case by case ④ that may be easier said than done ⑤ that may be manipulated by researcher
14 다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계 없는 문장은?
|2강 6|
Contemporary reading and writing practices are transforming before our eyes. Interactive reading and writing now increasingly engage us. ① One can read together with others remotely, commenting between the virtual lines and in the margins, reading each other’s comments instantaneously, composing documents together in real time by adding words or sentences to those just composed by one’s collaborators. ② The lines between one’s own words and those of another’s – let alone between whole sentences – become quickly blurred. ③ Hyperlinking has encouraged reading not just within and then between discrete texts but much more robustly across texts, inter-referencing and interweaving insights and lines of referencing. ④ One can create a hyperlink to a file, and associates it with a selected object. ⑤ How texts relate, as a consequence, has become dramatically magnified, making visible what hitherto has been hidden largely from view.
*robustly 확신에 차서
E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
011
E 모든 변형문제
16 다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈칸 (A),
17 다음 글의 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|2강 8|
|2강 1|
(B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
Advertisers seek to reach a target audience consisting
Our relationships with friends are very different
of those consumers most likely to be influenced
from those with parents and siblings. Unlike family
favorably by their messages. Mass media such as
relationships, particularly adult-child relationships, peer
broadcast television are extremely effective in reaching
relationships are based on a degree of equality between
large, relatively undifferentiated audiences. Such media are useful vehicles for advertisers selling products such
the participants. This allows more negotiation of the terms of the relationship. (A) , unlike family relations,
as soap, clothes, foodstuffs, or retail services that nearly
which one cannot pick and choose, peer relationships
every household might use. Broadcast television is
can be relatively easily established and just as easily
inefficient, however, for advertisers seeking small or specialized target audiences, such as potential buyers
destroyed. Our parents and siblings are generally stuck with us whether they or we like it or not. (B)
of expensive antiques. An antique dealer seeks to
there is always the danger that friends, if we say or do
reach potential customers who are both geographically
something that hurts or annoys them, will declare, ‘I’m
concentrated near the dealer’s location and suitable in
not your friend any more.’ Children therefore need to
terms of income and taste. Such an advertiser would use
make much more of an effort to strengthen and maintain
certain periodicals, local newspapers, flyers, and, where
relationships with their peers than with their siblings and
available, direct-mail advertising.
parents — or any other adult, for that matter. (A)
(B)
Advertisers use advertising media (A) for target audience, depending on the (B) of the
① Nevertheless
But
products they sell.
② However
Thus
③ Also
But
④ Nevertheless
Thus
⑤ Also
For example
(A)
(B)
① differently
characteristics
② randomly
cost price
③ differently
location
④ randomly
characteristic
⑤ crossly
cost price
012
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E 모든 변형문제
18 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|2강 2|
It is not just the newness of contemporary literature
20 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하 지 않은 것은?
|2강 4|
that makes it different, but also the context in which it
Newspapers, especially large city editions, face a
is written and received, something which gives it a very
number of trying factors such as declining readership, poor
interesting edge over the literature of the past. Because of globalization, one can expect
advertising revenues, and stiff competition with other forms
in contemporary literature with regard to history, media
newspapers now offer online editions of their publications. The job outlook for newspaper reporters is ① mixed. The
and cultural icons, mixed, as a rule, with local or national
of media, most notably multimedia. In reaction, many
Canadian Douglas Coupland and the Japanese Haruki
bottom line with newspapers rests on the advertising-toeditorial-content ratio, which is ② dependent on the health
Murakami have more in common with each other
of the economy. Many businesses reduce their spending
than with the literary traditions in which they grew up,
on advertising when the economy is poor. During severe
because contemporary music, television and other media have had such a significant influence on their work, both
recessions, reporters’ jobs are among the first to go. Competition for jobs with large city papers will be ③ fierce;
formally and thematically, and these are influences to
experienced graduates, with completed internships, will fare
which many writers of the past did not have access.
well. Writing opportunities for minorities will increase to
references. It can easily be held that writers like the
better reflect the diverse communities served by newspapers.
① highly inventive thought
Because the population growth of the suburbs is expected to
② many more shared references
continue, the number of suburban dailies and weeklies will ④ decrease to meet the demand for local news, creating jobs
③ to make many mutual friends ④ a connection to the past and present
for less experienced reporters or those who prefer working *recession 불경기, 불황 for a ⑤ smaller paper.
⑤ to make a good relationship between authors
19 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|2강 3|
Competition seems to interfere with achievement primarily because it is stressful. The anxiety that arises from the possibility of losing interferes with performance. Even if this anxiety can be suppressed, it is difficult to do two things at the same time: trying to do well and trying to beat others. Competition can easily distract attention from the task at hand. Consider a teacher asking her pupils a question. A little boy waves his arm wildly to attract her attention, crying, “Please! Please! Pick me!” Finally recognized, he has forgotten the answer. So he scratches his head, asking, “What was the question again?” The problem is that he has focused on , not on the subject matter. ① beating his classmates ② not answering the question ③ not concentrating on his studies ④ trying to do well on studying ⑤ attracting his teacher’s attention E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
013
E 모든 변형문제
21 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|2강 5|
23 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하 |2강 7|
지 않은 것은?
Blue may be the most preferred colour but in many would be opposed to blue, and in other circumstances,
Based on our biases in Western culture, we generally presume that all actions have an ① antecedent cause.
for example, the preferred colour of cars, blue would be
Things do not just happen; it is not a random world, so
less popular than other colours, such as red. One reason
all things have a cause. Our primary objective is to find
for this is that colours have meanings that influence preferences in . Black is a popular
and establish that relationship. In the social sciences, that may be ② easier said than done. It is very difficult to be
colour for certain items of clothing — ‘the little black
③ value-free; we come with a great deal of cultural bias
dress’ — but a black shirt may have unacceptable
and can easily misinterpret or unknowingly manipulate
political connotations for people over a certain age.
facts. We do not have the luxury of working with petri
Perhaps people have a mental image of the ideal colour for different kinds of foods and advertisers can make
dishes or chemical interactions. Human behavior may be highly ④ unpredictable; our subjects have free will, and
use of these images by arranging the lighting in colour
our models may not be applicable in various situations.
photographs or in supermarket displays to enhance the desirability of the products. Items whose colours deviated
For example, our American model of the nuclear family (spouses and children) is ⑤ more accurate than the more
from the ideal would be judged unappealing even if
universal model (mother and child) when it comes to
the same colour was liked in the abstract or in another
understanding family relationships and composition in
context.
many societies.
circumstances, for example in food colouring, people
*connotation 함축, 내포
① personal taste
② particular contexts
③ quality of goods
④ arrangement of stage lighting
⑤ harmony of colours
24 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은? |2강 8|
22 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하 지 않은 것은?
|2강 6|
Contemporary reading and writing practices are transforming before our eyes. Interactive reading and writing now ① increasingly engage us. One can read
Advertisers seek to reach a target audience consisting of those consumers most likely to be influenced favorably by their messages. (A) An antique dealer seeks to reach potential customers who are both geographically concentrated near the
together with others remotely, commenting between the
dealer’s location and suitable in terms of income and
virtual lines and in the margins, reading each other’s comments ② instantaneously, composing documents
local newspapers, flyers, and, where available, direct-
taste. Such an advertiser would use certain periodicals, mail advertising.
together in real time by adding words or sentences to those just composed by one’s collaborators. The lines
(B) Broadcast television is inefficient, however, for
between one’s own words and those of another’s – let alone between whole sentences – become quickly ③
advertisers seeking small or specialized target audiences,
distinguished. Hyperlinking has encouraged reading not
(C) Mass media such as broadcast television are extremely
just within and then between discrete texts but much more robustly across texts, inter-referencing and ④
such as potential buyers of expensive antiques. effective in reaching large, relatively undifferentiated audiences. Such media are useful vehicles for advertisers
interweaving insights and lines of referencing. How texts relate, as a consequence, has become dramatically magnified, making ⑤ visible what hitherto has been hidden largely from view.
014
*robustly 확신에 차서
selling products such as soap, clothes, foodstuffs, or retail services that nearly every household might use. ① (A) – (C) – (B)
② (B) – (A) – (C)
④ (C) – (A) – (B)
⑤ (C) – (B) – (A)
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③ (B) – (C) – (A)
E 모든 변형문제
27 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
03강
25 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|3강 1|
|3강 3|
At times, coaches are so focused on helping athletes ① improve that they take good performance efforts
Are animals truly protected by existing laws? Many
for granted. Nonreinforcement means ② failing to
people, including legal experts, disagree on this question.
acknowledge athletes’ effort, skill execution, and
The law defines animals as property, as mere resources or
performance improvements. Have you ever failed to
“things” for human use and consumption, and this means
point out the positives because you were so focused on identifying ③ what athletes needed to do to improve?
that it is extremely difficult for animals to get meaningful human and animal interests are pitted against each other.
It’s an easy trap to fall into. Coaches who fail to provide reinforcement when it is warranted ④ assuming that
The mere fact that there are laws that permit something
athletes know their work is noticed and appreciated. In
to happen — “It’s legal, so we can do it” — does not
reality, when you fail to acknowledge strong effort and
mean that no one can challenge these laws and change
performance, this communicates a negative message to athletes, ⑤ leaving them to question whether their effort
legal protection. Animals can almost never win when
them as a result of open discussions. Did you know that it is possible for people to privately own great apes? This should not be possible, but allow(s) it to occur.
and improvement are recognized and valued. *warrant 필요로 하다
*pit 겨루게 하다
① loopholes in existing law ② the ideas of one’s possession ③ slack of awareness in animal protection ④ insufficiency of active information exchange ⑤ creating a comprehensive policy for wildlife protection
26 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절 한 곳은?
|3강 2|
Thus, we see that when a person enjoys an unusual amount of intelligence or talent in one field, it is usually confined to that particular field.
|3강 4|
When it comes to dealing with relational challenges wisely, the starting point is always . If you don’t have self-awareness and an appreciation of who you are as a human being, you’ll find that your relationships are going to be fraught with frustrations.
Mozart, one of the best-known composers, made enough money to live a good life. ( ① ) However, he was not smart enough to manage his income, and he died a poor man. ( ② ) Yet most average people manage their finances well. ( ③ ) Albert Einstein was a poor communicator and had difficulty in articulating his thoughts, despite his profoundly superb intelligence. ( ④ ) Thus, not only are all humans not equally intelligent, but those who are truly intelligent are also not equally as intelligent in every field. ( ⑤ ) Examples such as Leonardo da Vinci, who enjoyed talent in many different fields, are very rare exceptions to the rule.
28 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
*articulate 분명하게 표현하다
By understanding your own reactions and ‘‘hot buttons,’’ you can better understand others. By knowing your most characteristic way of dealing with all your life’s issues and challenges, you’ll get a better picture of how your personal orientation mixes with the orientations of others. You’ll know why you get along with certain types of people and not with others. You’ll know why certain people drive you up the wall while you find others a delight.
*fraught 가득한
① consideration for others ② your relationship with yourself ③ establishing relationships with many people ④ grasping the people around you ⑤ empathy for other people’s situation
E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
015
E 모든 변형문제
29 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
|3강 5|
31 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절
preserves, wildlife refuges, or parks where human impact
|3강 7|
한 곳은?
One approach to human-wildlife conflicts is to create
No boy should be hardened in this way.
on wildlife is minimized. Although this approach is well intended, it does little to resolve human-wildlife conflicts because societal demands for natural resources are so
So many boys, even at a very young age, feel that they need to act like a “sturdy oak.” ( ① ) When there are
great that only a small fraction of the environment can
problems at home, when he suffers his own failures or
ever be set aside in parks. There is also the problem
disappointments, or when there’s a need for somebody
that wildlife may not respect our boundary lines and
who’s physically or emotionally “strong” for others to lean
will not stay inside parks. In fact, the vast majority of
on and he feels he has to be that support, the boy is often
wildlife live outside parks — the same place people live. Wildlife populations thrive in our most densely settled
pushed to “act like a man,” to be the one who is confident and unflinching. ( ② ) No boy should be called upon to
cities. Clearly, if human-wildlife conflicts are going to be
be the tough one. ( ③ ) So through thick and thin, let your
resolved, ways must be found for humans and wildlife to coexist harmoniously without either having an adverse
boy know that he doesn’t have to act like a “sturdy oak.” ( ④ ) Talk to him honestly about your own fears and
impact on the other.
vulnerabilities and encourage him to do the same. ( ⑤ ) The more genuine he feels he can be with you, the more
① Necessity to Protect Wildlife Rights
he’ll be free to express his vulnerability and the stronger he
② The Diversity : Preservation of Wildlife
will become.
③ Identify Ecological Migration Routes for Wildlife ④ Resolving Human-wildlife Conflict : Harmony ⑤ Expansion of Protected Areas to Prevent Extinction of
*unflinching 위축되지[수그러들지] 않는
32 다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은?
Wildlife
|3강 8|
Parents must teach their only child to be an attention giver or else they become complicit in raising a child who believes attention getting is what matters most. Sometimes parents believe that if they model attention giving to the only child, from their example, attention giving is what the
30 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
|3강 6|
The most ① pressing task may lie in the issue of climate change. Long before fossil fuels run out, we’ll have to face up to the consequences of using these fuels. Global warming will be a much greater threat in 20 years than it is today. Changes in the atmosphere have never occurred as ② rapid as they do now. Our current tools and social structures are not sufficiently effective for us to manage the climate or to prosper in hostile surroundings. We must either learn how to change the climate in our favor or ③ develop technologies that will enable us to survive in different environments. Both are
child will learn. Unfortunately, a more common outcome of their beneficence is for the child to become an attention getter instead. As one mother of an only child wrote: “Only children who don’t develop good listening skills may grow up believing that what they have to say is more important than what anyone else has to say. Even though we may enjoy listening to our only child, they should hear us as well. The child who continually interrupts adults or always has to draw attention to herself is a child who isn’t thinking enough about those around her.” If she grows up with this priority in mind, she may be “spoiled” for later relationships.
*complicit 공모한 **beneficence 선행
clearly lacking today. The development of science and technology in these areas should therefore ④ be given the
① Parents should set an example for their only child.
highest priority. If we manage to solve these problems in the decades ahead, we have grounds for hoping ⑤ that
③ Parents should not over-protect their only child.
our descendants will also survive into the distant future.
⑤ Parents should raise the independence of their only child to
② Parents should teach their only child to care for others. ④ Parents should not expect too much from their only child. solve the problem on her own
016
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E 모든 변형문제
33 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
|3강 1|
Are animals truly protected by existing laws? Many
35 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절 한 곳은?
|3강 3|
people, including legal experts, disagree on this question.
Coaches who fail to provide reinforcement when it
The law defines animals as property, as mere resources or
is warranted assume that athletes know their work is
“things” for human use and consumption, and this means
noticed and appreciated.
that it is extremely difficult for animals to get meaningful legal protection. Animals can almost never win when
At times, coaches are so focused on helping athletes
human and animal interests are pitted against each other. The mere fact that there are laws that permit something to
improve that they take good performance efforts for granted. ① Nonreinforcement means failing to acknowledge athletes’
happen — “It’s legal, so we can do it” — does not mean
effort, skill execution, and performance improvements. ②
that no one can challenge these laws and change them as a
Have you ever failed to point out the positives because you
result of open discussions. Did you know that it is possible
were so focused on identifying what athletes needed to do to improve? ③ It’s an easy trap to fall into. ④ In reality, when
for people to privately own great apes? This should not be possible, but loopholes in existing laws allow it to occur. *pit 겨루게 하다
you fail to acknowledge strong effort and performance, this communicates a negative message to athletes. ⑤
① The Necessity of Changing Perception to Protect Animals
It also leaves them to question whether their effort and
② Enactment of the Protection Law for Pets
improvement are recognized and valued. *warrant 필요로 하다
③ Limitation of the Existing Laws to Protect Animals ④ Legislation of Laws on Animal Rights ⑤ The Need for Information Exchange on Animal Protection
36 다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?
|3강 4|
When it comes to dealing with relational challenges wisely, the starting point is always your relationship
34 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|3강 2|
with yourself. If you don’t have self-awareness and an appreciation of who you are as a human being, you’ll
Mozart, one of the best-known composers, made
find that your relationships are going to be fraught with
enough money to live a good life. However, he was not
frustrations. By understanding your own reactions and
smart enough to manage his income, and he died a poor
‘‘hot buttons,’’ you can better understand others. By
man. Yet most average people manage their finances
knowing your most characteristic way of dealing with
well. Albert Einstein was a poor communicator and
all your life’s issues and challenges, you’ll get a better
had difficulty in articulating his thoughts, despite his
picture of how your personal orientation mixes with the
profoundly superb intelligence. Thus, we see that when a
orientations of others. You’ll know why you get along
person enjoys an unusual amount of intelligence or talent in one field, it is usually .
with certain types of people and not with others. You’ll
Thus, not only are all humans not equally intelligent,
find others a delight.
but those who are truly intelligent are also not equally as intelligent in every field. Examples such as Leonardo da Vinci, who enjoyed talent in many different fields, are very rare exceptions to the rule. *articulate 분명하게 표현하다 ① related to intellectual curiosity
know why certain people drive you up the wall while you *fraught 가득한
① necessity of considering the opinions of others to understand self-awareness ② importance of understanding yourself first for a good interpersonal relationship ③ social success counting on establishing relationships with
② granted natural gift in every field
many people
③ done through steady practice
④ forming a good relationship with the people around you
④ not interested in particular field
⑤ understanding of others with the empathy of the person
⑤ confined to that particular field
concerned. E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
017
E 모든 변형문제
37 다음 글의 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
38 다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?
|3강 5|
|3강 6|
The most pressing task may lie in the issue of climate
One approach to human-wildlife conflicts is to create
change. Long before fossil fuels run out, we’ll have to face
preserves, wildlife refuges, or parks where human impact
up to the consequences of using these fuels. Global warming
on wildlife is minimized. Although this approach is well
will be a much greater threat in 20 years than it is today.
intended, it does little to resolve human-wildlife conflicts
Changes in the atmosphere have never occurred as rapidly
because societal demands for natural resources are so
as they do now. Our current tools and social structures are
great that only a small fraction of the environment can
not sufficiently effective for us to manage the climate or to
ever be set aside in parks. There is also the problem that
prosper in hostile surroundings. We must either learn how
wildlife may not respect our boundary lines and will not stay inside parks. (A) , the vast majority of
to change the climate in our favor or develop technologies
wildlife live outside parks — the same place people live.
Both are clearly lacking today. The development of science
Wildlife populations thrive in our most densely settled cities. (B) , if human-wildlife conflicts are going
and technology in these areas should therefore be given
to be resolved, ways must be found for humans and
in the decades ahead, we have grounds for hoping that our
wildlife to coexist harmoniously without either having an
descendants will also survive into the distant future.
adverse impact on the other. (A)
that will enable us to survive in different environments.
the highest priority. If we manage to solve these problems
① importance of developing alternative resources before fossil (B)
① In fact
Clearly
② On the other hand
For example
③ In fact
Furthermore
④ On the other hand
Clearly
⑤ In fact
For example
fuels are depleted ② reorganization of social structure for prosperity of future society ③ the need for science and technology development to cope with climate change ④ accurate record in the process of global warming ⑤ avoiding collision between countries due to resource depletion
39 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|3강 7|
So many boys, even at a very young age, feel that they need to act like a “sturdy oak.” When there are problems at home, when he suffers his own failures or disappointments, or when there’s a need for somebody who’s physically or emotionally “strong” for others to lean on and he feels he has to be that support, the boy is often pushed to “act like a man,” to be the one who is confident and unflinching. No boy should be called upon to be the tough one. No boy should be hardened in this way. So through thick and thin, let your boy know that he doesn’t have to act like a “sturdy oak.” Talk to him honestly about your own fears and vulnerabilities and encourage him to do the same. The more genuine he feels he can be with you, the more he’ll and the stronger he will become. ① communicate with parents actively ② understand his parents’ fault ③ curb the expression of emotion ④ be proud of being physically mature ⑤ be free to express his vulnerability
018
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E 모든 변형문제
40 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절 한 곳은?
04강
|3강 8|
Unfortunately, a more common outcome of their beneficence is for the child to become an attention getter
41 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?
|4강 1|
Self-driving vehicles have the potential to completely change the way we think about cars, particularly in a city
instead.
environment. Autonomous taxis may someday parked Parents must teach their only child to be an attention
on every street, in every city. When you want to go
giver or else they become complicit in raising a child who believes attention getting is what matters most. ( ① )
somewhere, you will be able to summon one using your
Sometimes parents believe that if they model attention
ready for you by the time you have walked out of your
giving to the only child, from their example, attention giving is what the child will learn. ( ② ) As one mother
front door. Once it has taken you to your destination, it
of an only child wrote: “Only children who don’t develop
be used to collect children from school, take elderly people
good listening skills may grow up believing that what
to shops, and carry out all the usual, everyday journeys, all
they have to say is more important than what anyone else has to say. ( ③ ) Even though we may enjoy listening
at a small percentage of the cost of what you would expect
to our only child, they should hear us as well. ( ④ ) The child who continually interrupts adults or always has to
mobile phone, and it will be parked outside your house
drives off for its next customer. Self-driving vehicles may
to pay to own a car.
*summon 호출하다, 부르다
① 자율주행 차량은 도시 환경 내에서 자동차에 대한 생각을 바꿀 가 능성이 있다.
draw attention to herself is a child who isn’t thinking enough about those around her.” ( ⑤ ) If she grows up
② 미래의 자율주행 택시는 모든 도시에서 휴대전화를 이용해서 호출
with this priority in mind, she may be “spoiled” for later
③ 자율주행 택시는 목적지에 데려다주고 나면, 계속 대기할 것이다.
relationships.
*complicit 공모한 **beneficence 선행
되면 집 앞에서 대기할 것이다.
④ 차량을 소유하기 위한 지출을 평범한 일상 여정에 사용하도록 전 환 할 것이다.
⑤ 자율주행 차량은 등, 하교 길에 이용할 수 있을 것이다.
42 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하 지 않은 것은?
|4강 2|
The vast library of data about you is being ① supplemented all the time. This advance was made possible by computers that can capture and store all of this data, and especially by the sudden ② drop in the price of datastorage capacity through the early 2000s. But computers have also allowed other changes that ③ decrease your vulnerability and the value of information about you. Not only is this new data stored electronically but it also ④ resides in searchable databases that allow collectors to make useful lists of the types of data that interest them. It is ⑤ easy to see a list of all advance ticket purchasers for the concert next Saturday, or who checked into the gym on Saturday, and then to further process this list by gender, age, income level, or zip code to find exactly the class of person you seek.
E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
*vulnerability 취약성
019
E 모든 변형문제
43 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?
44 다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|4강 3|
Modern American society differs from traditional societies in the number, source, and claimed function of toys. (A) In contrast, traditional societies have few or no toys, and any toys that do exist are made either by the child itself or by the child’s parents. An American friend who spent his childhood in rural Kenya told me that some of his Kenyan friends were very inventive, and used sticks and string to build their own small cars with wheels and axles.
|4강 4|
Most of us are embarrassed to admit that our opinions can be strongly affected by an appeal to our emotions. We tend to take pride in our rationality and feel a bit ashamed of our emotions, as if rationality were more likely to be right and the emotions commensurately apt to be wrong. Where rationality is concerned, we feel in control; where emotions dominate, we feel out of control, as if our emotions have a life of their own and are even somewhat alien to us. This is a cultural prejudice. Our
(B) When he returned as a teenager to the United States and
emotions, no less than our faculty of reason, are part of
watched American children playing with their plastic ready-
us, and there is nothing abnormal or regrettable, let alone
made store-bought toys, he gained the impression that
shameful, about being moved by emotion. In fact, very
American children are less creative than Kenyan children.
few of the major decisions we make are based purely
(C) American toy manufacturers heavily promote socalled educational toys to encourage so-called creative play. American parents are taught to believe that manufactured store-bought toys are important to the
on reason or purely on emotion. Even the most rational of decisions typically have an important emotional component, and many emotionally motivated decisions are quite reasonable.
*commensurately 비례하여, 상응하여
development of their children. ① (A) – (C) – (B)
② (B) – (C) – (A)
④ (C) – (B) – (A)
⑤ (C) – (A) – (B)
③ (B) – (A) – (C)
There are emotional factors in rational decisions, and decisions that are (A) by emotion are (B) . (A)
020
(B)
① stimulated
resonable
② unbiased
resonable
③ stimulated
stereotype
④ unbiased
stereotype
⑤ stimulated
indecisive
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E 모든 변형문제
45 다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계 없는 문장은?
|4강 5|
A great change occurred with the arrival of
47 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절 |4강 7|
한 곳은?
the phonograph. Recorded music privatized and
But ritual, of a danced and possibly ecstatic nature, was
decontextualized what had often been a social event and
central to their lives.
church music or sailors’ songs could now be heard while dressing in the morning, while Beethoven was transformed into “wall paper.” ① At its simplest level music was heard,
Clearly, danced rituals did not seem like a waste of energy to prehistoric peoples. ( ① ) They took the time to fashion
but performers were no longer seen. ② Sounds of all sorts
masks and costumes; they joyfully burned calories in the execution of the dance. ( ② ) They preferred to record
could thus be integrated into everyday life as a kind of aural background but more often to enhance a mood or decorate some setting than as a focused object of attention. ③
these scenes over any other group activity. ( ③ ) Thus anthropologist Victor Turner’s attribution of danced ritual to
Claude Debussy in 1913 fretted that recorded music could be bought as easily as “one can buy a glass of beer.” ④ And
an occasional, marginal, or liminal status seems especially
with no hint of irony, the first issue of Gramophone (1923) called for listening to recorded music while shaving. ⑤ He
of the production-oriented mentality of our own industrial age than of prehistoric priorities. ( ④ ) Surely these people
insisted that there was a pleasure of shaving while listening
knew hardship and were often threatened by food shortages, disease, and wild animals. ( ⑤ ) Perhaps only because
to music.
*decontextualize 탈맥락화하다, **fret 걱정하다
46 (A), (B), (C)의 각 괄호 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로 가장 |4강 6|
적절한 것은?
unjustified in the prehistoric case — and more representative
our own lives, so much easier in many ways, are also so constrained by the imperative to work, we have to wonder why.
*liminal 겨우 초기 단계의 **ecstatic 황홀한, 희열에 넘친
Humans are creatures of story, so story touches nearly every aspect of our lives. Archaeologists dig up clues in the stones and bones and piece them together into a story about the past. Historians, too, are storytellers. Some argue that
48 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은? |4강 8|
many of the accounts in school textbooks, like the standard story of Columbus’s discovery of America, (A) [ is /are ]
In the first minutes of its existence, the universe cooled
so full of distortions and omissions that they are closer to
so rapidly that it was impossible to manufacture elements
myth than history. Business executives are increasingly told
heavier or more complex than hydrogen, helium, and (in
that they must be creative storytellers: they have to spin (B)
minute amounts) lithium.
[ compelled /compelling ] narratives about their products and brands that emotionally transport consumers. Political analysts see a presidential election not only as a contest between influential politicians and their ideas but also as a
(A) In the heat and chaos of the early universe, nothing more complex could survive. From a chemical point of view, the early universe was very simple, far too simple to create complex
competition between conflicting stories about the nation’s
objects such as our earth or the living organisms that inhabit it.
past and future. Legal scholars regard a trial as a story
(B) Once created, stars laid the foundations for even more
contest, too, (C) [ which /in which ] opposing counsels
complex entities, including living organisms, because in
construct narratives of guilt and innocence — arguing over
their fiery cores they practiced an alchemy that turned
who is the real protagonist.
hydrogen and helium into all the other elements.
(A)
(B)
*protagonist (이야기의) 주인공
(C) The first stars and galaxies were constructed from little
(C)
more than hydrogen and helium. But they were a sign
① is
compelling
which
② is
compelled
in which
③ are
compelling
in which
④ are
compelled
which
① (A) – (C) – (B)
② (B) – (A) – (C)
⑤ are
compelling
which
④ (C) – (A) – (B)
⑤ (C) – (B) – (A)
of our universe’s astonishing capacity to build complex objects from simple building blocks. *alchemy 연금술, 마력
E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
③ (B) – (C) – (A)
021
E 모든 변형문제
49 다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계 없는 문장은?
|4강 1|
51 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|4강 3|
Self-driving vehicles have the potential to completely
Modern American society differs from traditional
change the way we think about cars, particularly in a city environment. ① Autonomous taxis may someday parked
societies in the number, source, and claimed function of
on every street, in every city. ② When you want to go
called educational toys to encourage so-called creative play.
somewhere, you will be able to summon one using your
American parents are taught to believe that manufactured
mobile phone, and it will be parked outside your house
store-bought toys are important to the development of their
ready for you by the time you have walked out of your front door. ③ Once it has taken you to your destination,
children. In contrast, traditional societies have few or no toys,
it drives off for its next customer. ④ But autonomous
or by the child’s parents. An American friend who spent his
taxis will be difficult to use due to limited demand in the countryside. ⑤ Self-driving vehicles may be used to
childhood in rural Kenya told me that some of his Kenyan friends were very , and used sticks and string
collect children from school, take elderly people to shops,
to build their own small cars with wheels and axles. When
and carry out all the usual, everyday journeys, all at a
he returned as a teenager to the United States and watched
small percentage of the cost of what you would expect to
American children playing with their plastic ready-made
pay to own a car.
store-bought toys, he gained the impression that American
*summon 호출하다, 부르다
toys. American toy manufacturers heavily promote so-
and any toys that do exist are made either by the child itself
children are less creative than Kenyan children. ① altruistic
② egoistic
④ inventive
⑤ familiar
*axle 차축
③ cunning
52 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은? |4강 4|
Most of us are embarrassed to admit that our opinions can be strongly affected by an appeal to our emotions. We tend to take pride in our rationality and feel a bit ashamed
50 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
|4강 2|
The vast library of data about you ① is being supplemented all the time. This advance was made ②
of our emotions, as if rationality were more likely to be right and the emotions commensurately apt to be wrong. (A) In fact, very few of the major decisions we make are based purely on reason or purely on emotion. Even the
possibly by computers that can capture and store all of
most rational of decisions typically have an important
this data, and especially by the sudden drop in the price
emotional component, and many emotionally motivated
of data-storage capacity through the early 2000s. But
decisions are quite reasonable.
computers have also allowed other changes that increase your vulnerability and the value of information about you. Not only ③ is this new data stored electronically but it
(B) This is a cultural prejudice. Our emotions, no less than
also resides in searchable databases that allow collectors
abnormal or regrettable, let alone shameful, about being
to make useful lists of the types of data that interest them.
moved by emotion.
our faculty of reason, are part of us, and there is nothing
It is easy to see a list of all advance ticket purchasers for the concert next Saturday, or ④ who checked into the
(C) Where rationality is concerned, we feel in control; where
gym on Saturday, and then to further process this list by gender, age, income level, or zip code to find ⑤ exactly
have a life of their own and are even somewhat alien to us.
the class of person you seek.
022
*vulnerability 취약성
emotions dominate, we feel out of control, as if our emotions ① (A) – (C) – (B)
② (B) – (A) – (C)
④ (C) – (A) – (B)
⑤ (C) – (B) – (A)
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③ (B) – (C) – (A)
E 모든 변형문제
53 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|4강 5|
55 다음 글의 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? |4강 7|
A great change occurred with the arrival of the phonograph. Recorded music what
Clearly, danced rituals did not seem like a waste of
had often been a social event — and church music or sailors’
energy to prehistoric peoples. They took the time to fashion
songs could now be heard while dressing in the morning,
masks and costumes; they joyfully burned calories in the
while Beethoven was transformed into “wall paper.” At its simplest level music was heard, but performers were no
execution of the dance; they preferred to record these scenes over any other group activity. (A) , anthropologist
longer seen. Sounds of all sorts could thus be integrated into
Victor Turner’s attribution of danced ritual to an occasional,
everyday life as a kind of aural background — but more
marginal, or liminal status seems especially unjustified in the
often to enhance a mood or decorate some setting than as a
prehistoric case and more representative of the production-
focused object of attention. Claude Debussy in 1913 fretted
oriented mentality of our own industrial age than of prehistoric
that recorded music could be bought as easily as “one can
priorities. Surely these people knew hardship and were often
buy a glass of beer.” And with no hint of irony, the first issue of Gramophone (1923) called for listening to recorded music
threatened by food shortages, disease, and wild animals. (B) , ritual, of a danced and possibly ecstatic nature,
while shaving.
was central to their lives. Perhaps only because our own lives,
*decontextualize 탈맥락화하다 ** fret 걱정하다
so much easier in many ways, are also so constrained by the
① privatized and integrated
imperative to work, we have to wonder why.
② bought and transformed easily
*liminal 겨우 초기 단계의 **ecstatic 황홀한, 희열에 넘친
③ privately performed and reformed ④ privatized and decontextualized
(A)
⑤ integrated and developed
54 다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?
|4강 6|
Humans are creatures of story, so story touches nearly every aspect of our lives. Archaeologists dig up clues in the stones and bones and piece them together into a story about the past. Historians, too, are storytellers. Some argue that many of the accounts in school textbooks, like the standard story of
(B)
① Furthermore
For instance
② Therefore
However
③ In fact
For instance
④ Therefore
On the contrary
⑤ In fact
However
56 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절 |4강 8|
한 곳은?
Columbus’s discovery of America, are so full of distortions and
But they were a sign of our universe’s astonishing capacity
omissions that they are closer to myth than history. Business
to build complex objects from simple building blocks.
executives are increasingly told that they must be creative storytellers: they have to spin compelling narratives about their
In the first minutes of its existence, the universe cooled
products and brands that emotionally transport consumers.
so rapidly that it was impossible to manufacture elements
Political analysts see a presidential election not only as a
heavier or more complex than hydrogen, helium, and (in minute amounts) lithium. ( ① ) In the heat and chaos of
contest between influential politicians and their ideas but also as a competition between conflicting stories about the nation’s past and future. Legal scholars regard a trial as a story contest,
the early universe, nothing more complex could survive. ( ② ) From a chemical point of view, the early universe
too, in which opposing counsels construct narratives of guilt
was very simple, far too simple to create complex objects
and innocence — arguing over who is the real protagonist.
such as our earth or the living organisms that inhabit it. ( ③ ) The first stars and galaxies were constructed from
*protagonist (이야기의) 주인공
little more than hydrogen and helium. ( ④ ) Once created,
① Every story becomes an indicator of your life ② Conflict is an essential element in making the story realistic ③ Inspiration for creating a story exists in every human being ④ Every story has various aspect to each person
stars laid the foundations for even more complex entities, including living organisms. ( ⑤ ) Because in their fiery cores they practiced an alchemy that turned hydrogen and helium into all the other elements.
⑤ Hmans create stories in everyday life. E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
*alchemy 연금술, 마력
023
E 모든 변형문제
59 밑줄 친 he[his/ him]가 가리키는 대상이 나머지 넷과 다
05강
|5강 3|
른 것은?
57 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하 |5강 1|
지 않은 것은?
He played with that child, the whole day long, and they were very ① merry. The sky was so blue, the sun was so bright, the water was so sparkling, the leaves were so green, and the flowers were so ② lovely. Everything was beautiful. This was in fine weather. When it rained, they loved to watch the falling drops and to smell the ③ fresh
Finally, as the hour of the broadcast grew closer, Mike took ① his place with the other contestants and was as joyful as a child on Christmas morning at seeing how one of his favorite shows got put on the air. ② He almost didn’t know what to say when Bandstand’s youthful host Dick Clark shook his hand along with all the other contestants as ③ he wished them all good luck. Dick
scents. When it blew, it was ④ delightful to listen to the
then directed them towards the makeup area. When Mike arrived there ④ he saw the two Nelson siblings, David
wind. But, when it snowed, that was best of all because
and Ricky, sitting in the chairs there ahead of them. They
they liked to look up at the white flakes falling ⑤ slowly
were having themselves groomed to theatrical perfection.
and thick, like down from the breasts of millions of white
One of the other boys there murmured that they were
birds, to see how smooth and deep the drift was, and to
going to be the judges of the contest. This made Mike feel
listen to the hush upon the paths and roads.
happy because he was sure that they would understand and appreciate his song and would pick ⑤ him as the
*drift (특히 눈이 바람에 휩쓸려 쌓인) 더미
clear-cut winner.
*groom 몸단장을 하다
60 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은? |5강 4|
The highly competitive global marketplace of today
58 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절 |5강 2|
한 곳은?
Another area had been set aside for a variety of
has convinced employers they can no longer survive, let alone thrive, with a workforce of average performers. (A) Advances in technology have made the job search an efficient yet impersonal process. Our personality is
entertaining games and amusements.
overshadowed and our life and accomplishments are reduced to our resume a couple sheets of paper that can
The hall was filled with noise: there were hundreds of people crowding the floor with more looking down from above. ( ① ) Men and women were crossing the floor,
be rejected with just one click. (B) So what they want what they’re desperate to find are those people who can and will excel in their jobs. They
talking, watching, dancing, standing, spread out across
are searching for the elusive ‘persons of talent’.
the vast room. ( ② ) The entry hall was set a little above floor level, and from our position Luna and I could see
(C) On top of all that, we face increasing pressure to pursue
out across the whole crowd. ( ③ ) To one side a band
a career that we’re passionate about but receive no
was playing on a stage, and on the dance floor maybe
advice on how to get there. We are left searching for
fifty people were dancing while others looked on. ( ④ )
utopia, feeling empty and unfulfilled by what we have.
Near the central column was a buffet, and on the far side,
partially blocked by the column. ( ⑤ ) I could see the greyish glow of a sphere arena, suspended in midair.
024
*elusive 찾기 어려운
① (A) – (C) – (B)
② (B) – (A) – (C)
④ (C) – (A) – (B)
⑤ (C) – (B) – (A)
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③ (B) – (C) – (A)
E 모든 변형문제
61 다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?
|5강 1|
63 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절 |5강 3|
한 곳은?
He played with that child, the whole day long, and they were very merry. The sky was so blue, the sun was
One of the other boys there murmured that they were
so bright, the water was so sparkling, the leaves were so
going to be the judges of the contest.
green, and the flowers were so lovely. Everything was beautiful. This was in fine weather. When it rained, they
Finally, as the hour of the broadcast grew closer, Mike
loved to watch the falling drops and to smell the fresh
took his place with the other contestants and was as
scents. When it blew, it was delightful to listen to the wind. But, when it snowed, that was best of all because
joyful as a child on Christmas morning at seeing how one of his favorite shows got put on the air. ( ① ) He almost
they liked to look up at the white flakes falling fast and
didn’t know what to say when Bandstand’s youthful
thick, like down from the breasts of millions of white birds, to see how smooth and deep the drift was, and to
host Dick Clark shook his hand along with all the other contestants as he wished them all good luck. ( ② ) Dick
listen to the hush upon the paths and roads.
then directed them towards the makeup area. ( ③ )
*drift (특히 눈이 바람에 휩쓸려 쌓인) 더미
When Mike arrived there he saw the two Nelson siblings, David and Ricky, sitting in the chairs there ahead of them. ( ④ ) They were having themselves groomed to theatrical perfection. ( ⑤ ) This made Mike feel happy
① the importance of time spent with children ② daily pleasures due to weather changes ③ mood change according to weather
because he was sure that they would understand and
④ diversity of daily work on weather changes
appreciate his song and would pick him as the clear-cut
⑤ comfort and warmth in winter season
winner.
*groom 몸단장을 하다
64 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
|5강 4|
The highly competitive global marketplace of today has convinced employers they can no longer survive, let alone thrive, with a workforce of average performers. So what they want what they’re desperate to find are those
62 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
|5강 2|
The hall was filled with noise: there were hundreds of people ① crowding the floor with more looking down from above. Men and women were crossing the floor, talking, watching, dancing, standing, ② spread out across the vast room. The entry hall was set a little above floor level, and from our position Luna and I could see out across the whole crowd. To one side a band was playing on a stage, and on the dance floor maybe fifty people were dancing while ③ others looked on. Another area had been set aside for a variety of entertaining games and amusements. Near the central column ④ was a buffet,
people who can and will excel in their jobs. They are searching for the elusive ‘persons of talent’. Advances in technology have made the job search an efficient yet impersonal process. Our personality is overshadowed and our life and accomplishments are reduced to our resume a couple sheets of paper that can be rejected with just one click. On top of all that, we face increasing pressure to pursue a career that we’re passionate about but receive no advice on how to get there. We are left searching for utopia, feeling empty and unfulfilled by what we have.
*elusive 찾기 어려운
① The Need for Skills Development in Employment
and on the far side, partially blocked by the column, I could see the greyish glow of a sphere arena, ⑤
② Corporate Effort to Attract Qualified Talent
suspending in midair.
④ The Problems in the Job Market Today
③ Loss of Humanity Due to Technological Progress ⑤ Problems of Finding One’s Personality through a Resume
E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
025
E 모든 변형문제
67 다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계 없는 문장은?
06강
65 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절 |6강 1|
한 곳은?
The same thing may happen if an unrelated thought suddenly comes to mind.
|6강 3|
Given all the drawbacks and disadvantages of electronic documents, why not just stick with paper? ① The best way of answering that question is to look back on the one other occasion in human history when a writing medium was replaced. ② To societies accustomed to writing on stone or clay, paper must have seemed terribly short-lived stuff,
Imagine holding a set of directions in your memory while driving. ( ① ) If a billboard advertisement catches
vulnerable to fire and water, with inscribed marks that all too easily smudged or faded away. ③ To enhance the
your attention, it may invade your mental workspace and cause you to forget these directions. ( ② ) Information in
durability of the clay, it was baked at high temperatures. ④ And yet paper prevailed. Moses’ tablets were stone, but
working memory fades away unless it is refreshed. ( ③ )
the story of Moses was told on paper. ⑤ The economic
Maintaining information in your short-term memory requires a lot of attention. ( ④ ) The more you are able to
incentives were just too powerful to be ignored: with
focus on task-relevant information and ignore distractions, the better your memory performance will be. ( ⑤ )
and to transport. Exactly the same considerations argue
Irrelevant thoughts that enter your mental workspace and
inevitable.
paper, information became far cheaper to record, to store that a transition to paperless, electronic writing is now *smudge 번지다
divide your focus may lead to information overload and ultimately errors.
*billboard (옥외의 커다란) 광고판
66 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|6강 2|
Laughter resulting from humor shows itself when people
68 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|6강 4|
find themselves in an unfavorable situation, for which
For government policy to assume that young women can is dangerous. Firstly, some
they generally would have felt anger and/or fear, and the
young women do not receive support from their families,
detection of incongruent elements allows them to watch it
either because they are not in contact with them or
from a different perspective. In this instance, thus, laughter
because their families cannot, or do not want to, support
comes from the release of energies generally associated with
them financially. Secondly, living in the same house as
negative feelings, but that in the specific situation, thanks
a partner or family member does not mean that a young
to the change of perspective, can be expressed as laughter
woman is receiving her fair share of the household’s
of relief. Humor, in this perspective, represents a defense mechanism that allows people to .
resources. Women’s lower contribution to the household’s
Freud even describes this humor as “the highest of the
themselves and consume fewer household resources,
defense mechanisms.” This self-defense mechanism —
which can lead to poverty. Thirdly, financial dependence
differently from the ability to understand jokes, which is
means a young woman is always at risk of experiencing
very widespread — does not present itself in every human
poverty if support is withdrawn or a relationship ends.
being. Actually, some individuals are able to see the funny
Young women need an adequate income of their own
and positive side of a certain situation, while others, even in
from work or the social security system. Many of the
the same circumstances, react showing negative feelings.
most vulnerable young women are not in work or able to
access work easily and so do not receive this.
*incongruent 일치하지 않는
income can mean that they receive less money for
① better help express negative emotions in the specific situation
① support their family for life
② express your personality in difficult situation
② rely on others for financial support
③ better handle difficult and stressful life situations
③ withdraw their obligation to support the family
④ see the situation from many different perspectives
④ earn a high income from their career choices
⑤ make their companion happy in a certain situation
⑤ always get the proper income on their job
026
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ALL IN ONE
E 모든 변형문제
69 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
|6강 5|
Consumers may care about more than just price and
71 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절 |6강 7|
한 곳은?
quality when buying a good. Kysar argues that consumers
Such collaborations, as well as continuing innovation
often have preferences about how a good is produced, in
and monitoring, are integral to the goal of achieving
particular about whether the production process conforms
sustainable tourism.
to basic environmental standards or labor regulations. For example, people may prefer to buy an otherwise identical shoe when the production process respects certain worker rights. If by buying a good consumers satisfy not only material needs but also the self-image of a conscious consumer, this makes a case for the mandatory provision of the relevant process information to consumers. Reliable knowledge about the characteristics of a good’s production process helps consumers to purchase according to their procedural preferences; the resulting “political” consumption choice can even substitute for uniform regulations enacted in the political process.
*mandatory 의무적인
① Conscious Consumer Attitude in Consumption Choice ② Reasonable Purchase for Self-image Realization ③ Producer as a Smart Consumer in the Production Process ④ Consumer Interest in the Production Process ⑤ Consumer Preference in Political Consumption Choice
70 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|6강 6|
How will we know when we have achieved sustainable tourism? ( ① ) The definition of sustainability as development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs compels us to face tomorrow’s challenge today. ( ② ) The diversity and complexity of tourism in developed and developing countries means that there is no perfect or easy formula for achieving sustainable tourism. ( ③ ) The increase in tourism globally has also fostered sharing experiences of successes and failures. ( ④ ) The work of governments, NGOs, communities in the planning and implementation of tourism has been supported by ongoing research and analysis. ( ⑤ ) This is a challenging goal and one that only a dynamic and ever-changing industry, such as global tourism, can face and conquer.
*compel 강요하다
72 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|6강 8|
To the Hippocratic physician, the fundamental principle
Many proverbs contain germs of truth, and some are
of his art was the concept that nature seeks to maintain a
indeed profound, but they aren’t reliable sources of
condition of stability; its forces are constantly adjusting
knowledge and can be misleading. For example, take
and readjusting the normal parts of the body to preserve
the saying ‘You can’t teach an old dog new tricks’. This
a balance among them. When this balance exists, we are
isn’t true of all dogs, and certainly isn’t true of all human
healthy. Under any of a variety of influences, the equilibrium
beings. There are many older people who are capable of
may be disturbed, resulting in one part’s appearing in
making radical leaps in their ability. This is not to deny
excess. When this happens, sickness develops, the particular
the effects of ageing. The point is that what is roughly
disease depending primarily upon which substance has
true, that as we get older it becomes harder to learn new
gained the ascendancy. It is the function of the physician . Since each disease has a distinctive
behaviour, is not true for everyone in every respect. At
natural course of its own, the physician must make himself
to change the ways of an older person. However, the
so familiar with it that he can predict the sequence of events and know whether and precisely when to intervene with
saying implies that you can never teach any older person anything new, which is and one
treatment that will help nature to do its work.
which is fairly obviously false.
most the saying captures the idea that it may be difficult
① to make various attempts of medicine
① a cultural difference
② to help nature restore the state of equilibrium
② a false analogy of error
③ to tell the patient when to maintain equilibrium
③ a wrong proverb to correct
④ to prevent the diseases from developing
④ a hasty generalisation
⑤ to do continuous research on specific diseases
⑤ a narrow idea about the proverb E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
027
E 모든 변형문제
73 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|6강 1|
75 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|6강 3|
Imagine holding a set of directions in your memory while
Given all the drawbacks and disadvantages of
driving. If a billboard advertisement catches your attention, it
electronic documents, why not just stick with paper? The
may invade your mental workspace and cause you to forget these
best way of answering that question is to look back on
directions. The same thing may happen if an unrelated thought
the one other occasion in human history when a writing
suddenly comes to mind. Information in working memory
medium was replaced. To societies accustomed to writing
fades away unless it is refreshed. Maintaining information in your short-term memory . The
on stone or clay, paper must have seemed terribly short-
more you are able to focus on task-relevant information and
marks that all too easily smudged or faded away. And
ignore distractions, the better your memory performance will be. Irrelevant thoughts that enter your mental workspace and divide
yet paper prevailed. Moses’ tablets were stone, but the story of Moses was told on paper. The
your focus may lead to information overload and ultimately
incentives were just too powerful to be ignored: with
errors.
paper, information became far cheaper to record, to store
*billboard (옥외의 커다란) 광고판
lived stuff, vulnerable to fire and water, with inscribed
and to transport. Exactly the same considerations argue
① doesn’t focus on others
that a transition to paperless, electronic writing is now
② requires a lot of attention
inevitable.
③ constantly accepts new ideas
*smudge 번지다
④ keeps on removing irrelevant thoughts
① period
② economic
⑤ continues unrelated thoughts in your mind
④ durable
⑤ portable
③ light
74 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은? |6강 2|
Laughter resulting from humor shows itself when
76 다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계 없는 문장은?
|6강 4|
which they generally would have felt anger and/or fear,
For government policy to assume that young women can rely on others for financial support is dangerous. ①
and the detection of incongruent elements allows them to
Firstly, some young women do not receive support from
watch it from a different perspective.
their families, either because they are not in contact with
people find themselves in an unfavorable situation, for
(A) In this instance, thus, laughter comes from the release of energies generally associated with negative feelings, but that in the specific situation, thanks to the change of perspective, can be expressed as laughter of relief.
them or because their families cannot, or do not want to, support them financially. Secondly, living in the same house as a partner or family member does not mean that a young woman is receiving her fair share of the household’s resources. ② Women’s lower contribution to
(B) Humor, in this perspective, represents a defense
the household’s income can mean that they receive less
mechanism that allows people to better handle difficult and stressful life situations. Freud even describes this
money for themselves and consume fewer household resources, which can lead to poverty. ③ Thirdly, financial
humor as “the highest of the defense mechanisms.”
dependence means a young woman is always at risk
(C) This self-defense mechanism–differently from the ability to understand jokes, which is very widespread– does not present itself in every human being. Actually, some individuals are able to see the funny and positive side of a certain situation, while others, even in the same circumstances, react showing negative feelings. ① (A) – (C) – (B)
② (B) – (A) – (C)
④ (C) – (A) – (B)
⑤ (C) – (B) – (A)
028
③ (B) – (C) – (A)
of experiencing poverty if support is withdrawn or a relationship ends. Young women need an adequate income of their own from work or the social security system. ④ Therefore, good work condition and social security system can help women live a better life through the government support. ⑤ Many of the most vulnerable young women are not in work or able to access work easily and so do not receive this.
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ALL IN ONE
E 모든 변형문제
77 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|6강 5|
79 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|6강 7|
Consumers may care about more than just price and
How will we know when we have achieved
quality when buying a good. Kysar argues that consumers
sustainable tourism? The definition of sustainability
often have preferences about how a good is produced, in
as development that meets the needs of the present
particular about whether the production process conforms
without compromising the ability of future generations
to basic environmental standards or labor regulations. For
to meet their own needs compels us to face tomorrow’s
example, people may prefer to buy an otherwise identical
challenge today. The diversity and complexity of
shoe when the production process respects certain
tourism in developed and developing countries means
worker rights. If by buying a good consumers satisfy
that there is no perfect or easy formula for achieving
not only material needs but also the self-image of a conscious consumer, this makes a case for the mandatory
sustainable tourism. The increase in tourism globally has also fostered . The work
provision of the relevant process information to
of governments, NGOs, communities in the planning
consumers. Reliable knowledge about the characteristics
and implementation of tourism has been supported by
of a good’s production process helps consumers to purchase according to ; the resulting
ongoing research and analysis. Such collaborations,
“political” consumption choice can even substitute for
integral to the goal of achieving sustainable tourism. This
uniform regulations enacted in the political process.
is a challenging goal and one that only a dynamic and
ever-changing industry, such as global tourism, can face
*mandatory 의무적인
as well as continuing innovation and monitoring, are
and conquer.
① their procedural preferences
*compel 강요하다
② their prejudices against the company
① the necessity of global tourism management
③ their right as conscious consumers
② seeking diversity and complexity in the tourism industry
④ their consumption levels
③ tourism investment in developing countries
⑤ their brand’s preferences
④ sharing experiences of successes and failures ⑤ awareness of environmental issues in the tourism industry
78 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
|6강 6|
To the Hippocratic physician, the fundamental principle of his art was the concept ① that nature seeks to maintain a condition of stability; its forces are constantly adjusting and readjusting the normal parts of the body to preserve a balance among them. When this balance exists, we are healthy. Under any of a variety of influences, the equilibrium may be disturbed, ② resulting in one part’s appearing in excess. When this happens, sickness develops, the particular disease depending primarily upon ③ what substance has gained the ascendancy. It is the function of the physician to help nature restore the state of equilibrium. Since each disease has a distinctive natural course of its own, the physician must make himself so ④ familiar with it that he can predict the sequence of events and know whether and precisely when to intervene with treatment that will help nature ⑤ to do its work. *equilibrium 평형 (상태) **ascendancy 지배력을 행사할 수 있는 위치
E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
029
E 모든 변형문제
80 다음 글의 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
07강
|6강 8|
Many proverbs contain germs of truth, and some are
81 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
|7강 1|
A tree is a huge biomass that affects everything
indeed profound, but they aren’t reliable sources of knowledge and can be misleading. (A) , take
around it. By its sheer size it provides homes for many
the saying ‘You can’t teach an old dog new tricks’. This
creatures and insects, all of which also use it for food.
isn’t true of all dogs, and certainly isn’t true of all human
These creatures often distribute the seeds of the tree in
beings. There are many older people who are capable of
return. The roots have fungi that benefit the soil, and
making radical leaps in their ability. This is not to deny
trunks and leaves provide shelter from the wind. Even
the effects of ageing. The point is that what is roughly
more importantly, the tree changes the temperature and
true, that as we get older it becomes harder to learn new
climate around itself. A large oak tree can release through
behaviour, is not true for everyone in every respect. At
evaporation 40,000 gallons of water per year. Not only
most the saying captures the idea that it may be difficult to change the ways of an older person. (B) , the
is this critical for the earth’s water cycle, but it also cools
saying implies that you can never teach any older person
this, the structures of the tree store water in the canopy
anything new, which is a hasty generalisation and one
and bark, and from there water runs off down to the
which is fairly obviously false.
plants and soil below.
(A)
(B)
① For example
However
② Likewise
However
③ For example
Therefore
④ For example
In fact
⑤ Likewise
In fact
the surrounding air and helps rainfall. On top of all of
*fungus 균류, 곰팡이류 (pl. fungi)
**canopy (숲의 나뭇가지들이) 지붕 모양으로 우거진 것
① Contribution of Trees to Ecosystem ② The Circulation of Ecological System ③ The Importance of Conserving Forest ④ Interdependence between Trees and Animals ⑤ Positive Effects of Trees on Climate Change
82 다음 글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|7강 2|
Advertisers have hit on one particularly effective way of seeming to argue against their own interests. They in the ads promoting it. That way, they create a perception of honesty from which they can be more persuasive about the strengths of the product. Advertisers are not alone in the use of this tactic. Attorneys are taught to “steal the opponent’s thunder” by mentioning a weakness in their case before the opposing lawyer does, thereby establishing a perception of honesty in the eyes of jury members. Experiments have demonstrated that this tactic works. When jurors heard an attorney bring up a weakness in his own case first, jurors assigned him more honesty and were more favorable to his overall case in their final verdicts because of that perceived honesty.
*verdict (배심원단의) 평결
① give loyal customers special coupons for the product ② underestimate the relative strengths of the product ③ enhance the negative image for the potential users ④ mention a minor weakness or drawback of their product ⑤ share the essential technology for making their product
030
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E 모든 변형문제
83 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하 |7강 3|
지 않은 것은?
Technological advances have increased exposure to new food choices by allowing food products to be distributed from one continent to another while ① reducing the risk of spoilage and contamination. Before
① the group must be right ② they should depend on Gods ③ they have to follow the experts ④ the essence of choice is destiny ⑤ the decision is based on authorities
the nineteenth century, the only methods available for ② preserving meat were drying, salting, and smoking, none of which were entirely practical since large quantities of food could not be processed or preserved for very long. The canning process was developed in 1809 and was a product of the Napoleonic wars; the process ③ forbade heat-sterilized food to be stored for longer periods of time without spoiling. Further methods of processing in the twentieth century involved dehydrating, freezing, and treating with ultrahigh temperatures, ④ increasing shelf life, convenience, and variety of food products. In addition, refrigeration, vacuum packing, fast freezing, etc. ensured that seasonal items would be ⑤ available year-round in economically developed societies.
85 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은? |7강 5|
*heat-sterilized 가열 살균 처리된 **dehydrating 탈수 건조
Programs that offer minimal training to musicians with performance degrees in an attempt to make them instant
84 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|7강 4|
When people don’t trust their own judgments, they look to others for evidence of how to choose correctly. This self-doubt may come about because the situation is ambiguous, as it was in a classic series of experiments conducted by the Turkish social psychologist Muzafer Sherif. Sherif projected a dot of light on the wall of a
teachers do not adequately prepare those performers for the life of a professional educator. (A) Similarly, they do not have experience with or understand the nature and structure of schools. Further complicating this scenario is the fact that administrators typically lack the skill and knowledge required to properly supervise music teaching and programs.
darkened room and asked subjects to indicate how much
(B) Not only is their expertise narrowly defined, but they
the light moved while they watched it. Actually, the light
often lack any concept of how to interact with or inspire
never moved at all, but because of an optical illusion
young musicians. They may justify the challenges they
termed the autokinetic effect, it seemed to shift constantly
experience by blaming students for “not wanting to
about, although to a different extent for each subject.
learn”.
When participants announced their movement estimates in groups, these estimates were strongly influenced by what the other group members estimated; nearly everyone changed toward the group average. Sherif concluded that when there’s no objectively correct response, people are likely to doubt themselves and thus are especially likely to assume that . *optical illusion 착시
E 모든 변형문제
(C) While excellence is usually easy to recognize, it is much more difficult for administrators to identify mediocre or poor programs in music and provide the necessary guidance and assistance to bring about needed improvement. *complicate 복잡하게 만들다 **mediocre 보통밖에 안 되는
① (A) – (C) – (B)
② (B) – (A) – (C)
④ (C) – (A) – (B)
⑤ (C) – (B) – (A)
수능특강 영어 편
③ (B) – (C) – (A)
031
E 모든 변형문제
86 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|7강 6|
88 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어갈 알맞은 곳은? |7강 8|
Wrapped up in the idea of embracing failure is the related notion of breaking things to make them better
It does this without accounting for the effects of
— particularly complex things. Often the only way to
refraction, so the object’s appearance is distorted.
improve a complex system is to examine its limits by forcing it to fail in various ways. Software, among the
When an underwater object is seen from outside the
most complex things we make, is usually tested for
water, its appearance becomes distorted. This is because
quality by employing engineers to systematically find
refraction changes the direction of the light rays that come from the object. ( ① ) When these rays enter the
ways to crash it. Similarly, one way to troubleshoot a complicated device that’s broken is to deliberately force negative results (temporary breaks) in its multiple functions in order to locate the actual dysfunction.
eyes of an observer, nerves in the eyes send signals to the observer’s brain. ( ② ) The brain then constructs
Great engineers have a respect for breaking things that
a picture based on where the rays appear to have come from. ( ③ ) When one looks at a straw in a glass
sometimes surprises nonengineers, just as scientists have
of water, light rays from the part of the straw that is
a patience with failures that often puzzles outsiders. But the habit of is one of the most
underwater refract at the surfaces between the water and the glass and between the glass and the air. ( ④ ) The
essential tricks to gaining success.
rays appear to come from closer to the surface than they are, and the straw looks bent. ( ⑤ ) If the straw were
*troubleshoot 고장을 수리하다 *dysfunction 기능 장애
viewed from underwater, the part above water would be
① avoiding negative aspects
distorted.
② looking on the bright side
*refraction 굴절
③ embracing negative results ④ respecting positive outcomes ⑤ considering multiple function
87 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하 지 않은 것은?
|7강 7|
Imagination and creativity are the gate keys of fantasy
89 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절 Even more importantly, the tree changes the temperature and climate around itself.
role-playing. If students cannot imagine themselves ① engaged by the fantasy world described to them, then the game cannot get off the ground. The students exercise
|7강 1|
한 곳은?
A tree is a huge biomass that affects everything around
their imagination and creativity in countless ways,
it. By its sheer size it provides homes for many creatures and insects, all of which also use it for food. ( ① )
from taking on the role of their assigned characters to ② interacting with other creatures and alien
These creatures often distribute the seeds of the tree in return. ( ② ) The roots have fungi that benefit the soil,
environments. In every case, what is minimally called for is imaginative ③ flexibility in order to react appropriately
and trunks and leaves provide shelter from the wind. ( ③ ) A large oak tree can release through evaporation
to the multiple situations the students encounter, while looking ahead to the ④ cause of various actions and
40,000 gallons of water per year. ( ④ ) Not only is this
decisions. This means that fantasy role-playing provides
critical for the earth’s water cycle, but it also cools the surrounding air and helps rainfall. ( ⑤ ) On top of all of
an ideal environment to cultivate and test the productive
this, the structures of the tree store water in the canopy
use of imagination, utilizing it to enliven the fantasy narrative, envision alternatives, and ⑤ empathize with
and bark, and from there water runs off down to the
others.
032
plants and soil below.
*empathize 공감하다
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*fungus 균류, 곰팡이류 (pl. fungi)
**canopy (숲의 나뭇가지들이) 지붕 모양으로 우거진 것
ALL IN ONE
E 모든 변형문제
90 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하
92 다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈칸 (A),
|7강 2|
|7강 4|
지 않은 것은?
(B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
Advertisers have hit on one particularly effective way
When people don’t trust their own judgments, they
of seeming to argue against their own interests. They mention a ① minor weakness or drawback of their
look to others for evidence of how to choose correctly.
product in the ads promoting it. That way, they create
ambiguous, as it was in a classic series of experiments
a perception of honesty from which they can be more ② persuasive about the strengths of the product.
conducted by the Turkish social psychologist Muzafer
Advertisers are not alone in the use of this tactic.
a darkened room and asked subjects to indicate how
Attorneys are taught to “steal the opponent’s thunder” by mentioning a ③ weakness in their case before the
much the light moved while they watched it. Actually,
opposing lawyer does, thereby establishing a perception
illusion termed the autokinetic effect, it seemed to shift
of honesty in the eyes of jury members. Experiments
constantly about, although to a different extent for each
have demonstrated that this tactic works. When jurors heard an attorney ④ cover up a weakness in his own case
subject. When participants announced their movement
first, jurors assigned him more honesty and were more ⑤ favorable to his overall case in their final verdicts
influenced by what the other group members estimated;
because of that perceived honesty. *verdict (배심원단의) 평결
Sherif concluded that when there’s no objectively correct
This self-doubt may come about because the situation is
Sherif. Sherif projected a dot of light on the wall of
the light never moved at all, but because of an optical
estimates in groups, these estimates were strongly nearly everyone changed toward the group average. response, people are likely to doubt themselves and thus
91 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
|7강 3|
Technological advances have increased exposure to new
are especially likely to assume that the group must be right.
*optical illusion 착시
food choices by allowing food products to be distributed from one continent to another while reducing the risk of spoilage and contamination. Before the nineteenth
When people are (A) of their judgement in vague situation, they are likely to (B) the group
century, the only methods available for preserving meat
average.
were drying, salting, and smoking, none of which were entirely practical since large quantities of food could not be processed or preserved for very long. The canning process was developed in 1809 and was a product of the Napoleonic wars; the process allowed heat-sterilized food to be stored for longer periods of time without spoiling. Further methods of processing in the twentieth
(A)
(B)
① confident
change
② doubtful
deny
③ sure
follow
④ doubtful
follow
⑤ confident
deny
century involved dehydrating, freezing, and treating with ultrahigh temperatures, increasing shelf life, convenience, and variety of food products. In addition, refrigeration, vacuum packing, fast freezing, etc. ensured that seasonal items would be available year-round in economically developed societies. *heat-sterilized 가열 살균 처리된 **dehydrating 탈수 건조
① The Invention of Canning Process ② The Impact of Wars on Canned Food ③ The Advance of Food Preservation Technology ④ The Expansion of Food Trade in 20th Century ⑤ Relationship between Technology and Civilization E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
033
E 모든 변형문제
93 다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?
|7강 5|
95 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|7강 7|
Programs that offer minimal training to musicians
Imagination and creativity are the gate keys of
with performance degrees in an attempt to make
fantasy role-playing. If students cannot imagine
them instant teachers do not adequately prepare those
themselves engaged by the fantasy world described
performers for the life of a professional educator. Not
to them, then the game cannot get off the ground. The
only is their expertise narrowly defined, but they often
students exercise their imagination and creativity in
lack any concept of how to interact with or inspire
countless ways, from taking on the role of their assigned
young musicians. They may justify the challenges they
characters to interacting with other creatures and alien
experience by blaming students for “not wanting to learn”. Similarly, they do not have experience with or
environments. In every case, what is minimally called for is in order to react
understand the nature and structure of schools. Further
appropriately to the multiple situations the students
complicating this scenario is the fact that administrators
encounter, while looking ahead to the consequences of
typically lack the skill and knowledge required to
various actions and decisions. This means that fantasy
properly supervise music teaching and programs. While
role-playing provides an ideal environment to cultivate
excellence is usually easy to recognize, it is much more
and test the productive use of imagination, utilizing it to
difficult for administrators to identify mediocre or poor
enliven the fantasy narrative, envision alternatives, and
programs in music and provide the necessary guidance
empathize with others.
and assistance to bring about needed improvement. *complicate 복잡하게 만들다 **mediocre 보통밖에 안 되는
*empathize 공감하다
① physical strength ② a sense of respect
① Wrong Customs of Music Training
③ accurate judgement
② Difficulties of Educating Music Teachers
④ imaginative flexibility
③ Problems of Fostering Music Teachers in Haste
⑤ voluntary participation
④ Inadequate Educative Setting for Music Teachers ⑤ Why Music Education Should Start within School System
94 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하 지 않은 것은?
96 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하
|7강 6|
Wrapped up in the idea of ① embracing failure is the
지 않은 것은?
|7강 8|
related notion of breaking things to make them better —
When an underwater object is seen from outside the water, its appearance becomes ① distorted. This is
particularly complex things. Often the only way to improve
because refraction ② changes the direction of the light
a complex system is to examine its limits by forcing it to ② fail in various ways. Software, among the most
rays that come from the object. When these rays enter
complex things we make, is usually tested for quality by
to the observer’s brain. The brain then constructs a
employing engineers to systematically find ways to crash
picture based on where the rays appear to have come from. It does this without ③ accounting for the effects of
it. Similarly, one way to troubleshoot a complicated device that’s broken is to ③ accidentally force negative results (temporary breaks) in its multiple functions in order to locate the actual dysfunction. Great engineers have a respect for breaking things that sometimes surprises nonengineers, just as scientists have a patience with failures that often ④
the eyes of an observer, nerves in the eyes send signals
refraction, so the object’s appearance is distorted. When one looks at a straw in a glass of water, light rays from the part of the straw that is underwater refract at the ④ surfaces between the water and the glass and between the
puzzles outsiders. But the habit of embracing ⑤ negative
glass and the air. The rays appear to come from closer to the surface than they are, and the straw looks ⑤ straight.
results is one of the most essential tricks to gaining success.
If the straw were viewed from underwater, the part above
water would be distorted.
034
*troubleshoot 고장을 수리하다 *dysfunction 기능 장애
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ALL IN ONE
*refraction 굴절
E 모든 변형문제
99 Running Cloud에 관한 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는
08강
것은?
97 다음 글에 드러난 Quinta의 심경으로 가장 적절한 것은? |8강 1|
|8강 3|
For the first time Jim-Bob noticed a slightly worried look on Running Cloud’s otherwise expressionless face.
Quinta did not remember her brother Johnny and knew
His face was calm but his eyes kept their gaze fixed upon
only what her mother Laura had told her. But she had
the great East Gate. There was a long pause in his silence
grown up in her devoted father’s care and protection and
and Jim-Bob dared not disturb it. Running Cloud’s long
she had been so sad when he passed away. She and her
black hair hung down like a shiny blue curtain in the
mother had mourned together and the bond between them
moonlight covering most of his face except for two high-
had strengthened. Mother had supported her through her
set cheekbones. The feather in his headband was old and
sorrow; without her Quinta did not know what she would
weather-beaten, very much like the one he had given Jim-
have done. Who was to help her now? She had lost the
Bob a long time ago, the same blue feather Jim-Bob was
person most dear to her and she had no one to share her
wearing in his own hat that day. Running Cloud combed
grief. She felt so isolated and abandoned. No one had
the darkness thoroughly with his eyes as though it was
loved her as her mother had and now Laura had been
hiding something from him, and showed little fear of it.
taken from her there was no one left who truly loved her.
He spoke a few words in his native tongue, which Jim-
A forlorn despair overtook her sense of loss. She was
Bob couldn’t understand well. Running Cloud listened to
completely alone.
the wind, turned his head and looked up at the sky.
*forlorn 허망한, 비참한
① excited and pleasant
① 평온한 얼굴로 East Gate를 바라보고 있었다.
② relieved and grateful
② 길고 검은 머리카락을 소유하고 있었다.
③ indifferent and bored
③ Jim-Bob에게 받은 깃털을 머리띠에 꼽고 있었다.
④ sorrowful and frustrated
④ 어둠에 대한 두려움을 보이지 않았다.
⑤ comfortable and relaxed
⑤ Jim-Bob에게 이해할 수 없는 몇 마디를 했다.
98 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하 지 않은 것은?
|8강 2|
When counsellor John Cooke calmly picked up and placed the piece of paper thrown by Mr. Crass on the counter, he indicated that, unlike Crass, he was going to act in a socially ① appropriate manner. John’s controlled behavior subtly suggested to Crass that the piece of paper was ② insignificant to both of them. He allowed Crass to continue to rant and rave because he was not going to respond to an attempt at ③ personal contact until Crass had said what was on his mind. John understood that he had an issue and the right to express it. That the meeting went wrong was not important because Crass was not going to listen to issues of social ④ convention. Mr. Crass clearly wanted to express his anger and ⑤ contempt to someone and John recognized that he was going to be that someone. It was not a pleasant administrative task, but it was one of the roles for which he had been hired. *rant and rave 고래고래 악을 쓰다
E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
035
E 모든 변형문제
100 다음 글에 드러난 Alexander의 심경으로 가장 적절한
102 다음 글에 드러난 John의 성격으로 가장 적절한 것은?
|8강 4|
것은?
|8강 2|
At an early age, Alexander was fearful that the
When counsellor John Cooke calmly picked up and
shadow cast by his father Philip would eclipse his own
placed the piece of paper thrown by Mr. Crass on the
ambitions. He was incapable of sharing in Philip’s glory
counter, he indicated that, unlike Crass, he was going to
and became determined from the beginning to make
act in a socially appropriate manner. John’s controlled
his own mark. His father was said to be “a man without
behavior subtly suggested to Crass that the piece of
precedent in Europe.” In war and peace, battles and
paper was important to both of them. He allowed Crass
celebrations, Philip was extraordinarily energetic and
to continue to rant and rave because he was not going
exhibited a unique personality. These qualities, coupled
to respond to an attempt at personal contact until Crass
with his intelligence and courage, and his succession of
had said what was on his mind. John understood that he
unparalleled victories on the battlefield, made him a folk
had an issue and the right to express it. That the meeting
hero among Macedonians. He was the defender of his
went wrong was not important because Crass was not
country, a brave warrior, and the idol of his battle-scarred
going to listen to issues of social convention. Mr. Crass
veterans. Alexander would have to demonstrate that he,
clearly wanted to express his anger and contempt to
too, was a man of singular distinction. Furthermore, he
someone and John recognized that he was going to be
had to show the world that he was not merely the equal
that someone. It was not a pleasant administrative task,
of, but actually superior to, his famous father.
but it was one of the roles for which he had been hired.
*eclipse 무색하게 하다 **without precedent 전례 없는
*rant and rave 고래고래 악을 쓰다
① confident and proud
① shy and timid
② indifferent and bored
② rude and violent
③ embarrassed and scared
③ cheerful and active
④ pressured and burdened
④ stern and persistent
⑤ disappointed and depressed
⑤ calm and reasonable
103 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은? 101 밑줄 친 she[her]가 가리키는 대상이 나머지 넷과 다른 것은?
|8강 1|
|8강 3|
For the first time Jim-Bob noticed a slightly worried look on Running Cloud’s otherwise expressionless face. His face was calm but his eyes kept their gaze ① fixed
Quinta did not remember her brother Johnny and knew only what her mother Laura had told her. But ① she had
upon the great East Gate. There was a long pause in
grown up in her devoted father’s care and protection and she had been so sad when he passed away. ② She and her
Cloud’s long black hair hung down like a shiny blue curtain in the moonlight ② covering most of his face
mother had mourned together and the bond between them
except for two high-set cheekbones. The feather in his
had strengthened. Mother had supported her through her sorrow; without her Quinta did not know what ③ she
headband was old and weather-beaten, very much like the one he ③ had given Jim-Bob a long time ago, the
would have done. Who was to help her now? She had lost the person most dear to ④ her and she had no one to
same blue feather Jim-Bob was wearing in his own hat
share her grief. She felt so isolated and abandoned. No one had loved her as ⑤ she had and now Laura had been
with his eyes as though it was hiding something from him, and ④ showing little fear of it. He spoke a few
taken from her there was no one left who truly loved her.
words in his native tongue, ⑤ which Jim-Bob couldn’t
A forlorn despair overtook her sense of loss. She was
understand well. Running Cloud listened to the wind,
completely alone.
turned his head and looked up at the sky.
036
*forlorn 허망한, 비참한
his silence and Jim-Bob dared not disturb it. Running
that day. Running Cloud combed the darkness thoroughly
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ALL IN ONE
E 모든 변형문제
104 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하 지 않은 것은?
09강
|8강 4|
At an early age, Alexander was fearful that the shadow cast by his father Philip would ① eclipse his own
105 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
|9강 1|
ambitions. He was incapable of sharing in Philip’s glory
The Ponte Vecchio is one of the world’s most famous bridges. ① Rebuilt after a flood in 1345, it was repeatedly
and became determined from the beginning to make
reinforced during its 670 years of existence. It was the only
his own mark. His father was said to be “a man without ② precedent in Europe.” In war and peace, battles and
bridge in Florence across the Arno that the escaping Nazis did not destroy during the Second World War. ② Despite
celebrations, Philip was extraordinarily energetic and exhibited a ③ unique personality. These qualities, coupled
the high flood of 1966, the Ponte stood firm. It holds a silver
with his intelligence and courage, and his succession of ④ paralleled victories on the battlefield, made him a folk
the Arno at its narrowest point, and up to 1218, it was the only bridge ③ crossing the Arno. The Ponte Vecchio is
hero among Macedonians. He was the defender of his country, a brave warrior, and the idol of his battle-scarred
probably one of the few bridges in the world which has been continuously ④ inhabiting for six centuries. Tourists
veterans. Alexander would have to demonstrate that he,
crowd here with enthusiasm, and traders who occupy the
too, was a man of singular distinction. Furthermore, he
monument pay their property taxes without complaining.
had to show the world that he was not merely the equal of, but actually ⑤ superior to, his famous father.
The Ponte Vecchio was a great project, a work of art in the strictest sense and a highly profitable venture, an example ⑤
*eclipse 무색하게 하다 **without precedent 전례 없는
medal in longevity after the bridges of Rome. It crosses
to follow.
*longevity 오래됨
106 Alvin Ailey에 관한 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것 |9강 2|
은?
Alvin Ailey Jr. was born on January 5, 1931, in Rogers, Texas. After the Great Depression Ailey followed his mother to Los Angeles, California, where he studied dance at Lester Horton’s school in 1949. He joined the Horton Dance Company in 1953, and he assumed the role of artistic director when Horton died that year. Ailey formed his own troupe, the Alvin Ailey American Dance Theater in 1958. In 1965 Ailey took his troupe on one of the most successful European tours ever made by an American dance company. It was held over for six weeks in London to accommodate the demand for tickets, and in Hamburg it received an unprecedented sixty-one curtain calls. A German critic called this performance “a triumph of sweeping, violent beauty, a furious spectacle. The stage vibrates. One has never seen anything like it.” In 1970 Ailey’s company became the first American modern dance troupe to tour the Soviet Union.
*troupe 공연단 **unprecedented 전례가 없는
① 대공황 이후 어머니를 따라 LA로 갔다. ② Horton Dance Company에 감독으로 입단했다. ③ 자신의 무용단을 이끌고 유럽 순회공연을 했다. ④ 함부르크의 공연은 유례없는 대성공이었다. ⑤ 미국 현대무용단 최초로 Soviet Union을 순회공연했다. E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
037
E 모든 변형문제
107 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
|9강 6|
109 Ponte Vecchio에 관한 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 |9강 1|
것은?
Owen Williams was born in London in 1890. He studied engineering at the University of London. He
The Ponte Vecchio is one of the world’s most famous
qualified as an engineer in 1911 and a year later joined
bridges. Rebuilt after a flood in 1345, it was repeatedly
the Trussed Concrete and Steel Company, where he worked as an assistant engineer prior to ① establish his
reinforced during its 670 years of existence. It was the
own practice in 1918. Three years later, he was appointed
Nazis did not destroy during the Second World War. In
consulting engineer to the British Empire Exhibition, a commission that ② included the design of several large
spite of the high flood of 1966, the Ponte stood firm.
exhibition buildings together with a swimming pool and
Rome. It crosses the Arno at its narrowest point, and up to
a sports stadium for 125,000 spectators at Wembley. It
1218, it was the only bridge crossing the Arno. The Ponte
was a turning point in his career. The buildings, which made extensive use of ③ reinforced concrete, were
Vecchio is probably one of the few bridges in the world
completed in record time, and, after the exhibition opened in 1924, Williams ④ was knighted in recognition
Tourists crowd here with enthusiasm, and traders who
of his achievements. He subsequently became a
complaining. The Ponte Vecchio was a great project, a
registered architect and in 1930 was appointed to design a large new ⑤ manufacturing complex for a wide range
work of art in the strictest sense and a highly profitable
of pharmaceutical products for Boots of Nottingham.
*pharmaceutical 제약의
only bridge in Florence across the Arno that the escaping
It holds a silver medal in longevity after the bridges of
which has been continuously inhabited for six centuries. occupy the monument pay their property taxes without
venture, an example to follow.
*longevity 오래됨
① 1345년 홍수 이후에 다시 지어졌다. ② 2차 세계대전때 나치가 파괴하지 않았다. ③ Arno강의 폭이 가장 좁은 지점을 가로지른다. ④ 600년 동안 지속적으로 사람들이 거주해 왔다.
108 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적 절한 곳은?
⑤ 다리를 점유하고 있는 상인들과 세금로 갈등이 있다.
|9강 7|
However, she soon learned that she was limited in her
110 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하 지 않은 것은?
influence because she was a woman.
|9강 2|
Alvin Ailey Jr. was born on January 5, 1931, in Rogers, Lavinia Lloyd Dock was a pioneer in nursing education
Texas. After the Great Depression Ailey followed his
and social activist who linked women’s roles as nurses to
mother to Los Angeles, California, where he studied dance
the emerging women’s movement in the United States. ( ① ) She left her home in Pennsylvania in 1885 to
at Lester Horton’s school in 1949. He joined the Horton Dance Company in 1953, and he ① assumed the role of
attend New York’s Hunter-Bellevue School of Nursing. ( ② ) She believed that poverty and squalor contributed
artistic director when Horton died that year. Ailey formed
to poor health, and she dedicated herself to social reform to address these problems. ( ③ ) She spent most of her career as a dedicated advocate of equal rights for women. ( ④ ) For 20 years, she lobbied legislators at all levels
his own troupe, the Alvin Ailey American Dance Theater in 1958. In 1965 Ailey took his troupe on one of the most ② successful European tours ever made by an American dance company. It was held over for six weeks in London to ③ reject the demand for tickets, and in Hamburg it received
about women’s right to vote, believing that this was the
an unprecedented sixty-one curtain calls. A German critic
only way to influence social reform and health care. ( ⑤ ) Providing an excellent example of the diverse
called this performance “a triumph of sweeping, violent beauty, a ④ furious spectacle. The stage ⑤ vibrates. One
ways that nurses can help achieve higher-quality health
has never seen anything like it.” In 1970 Ailey’s company
care, she is considered one of the most influential leaders
became the first American modern dance troupe to tour the
in the early 20th century.
Soviet Union.
038
*squalor 불결
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ALL IN ONE
*troupe 공연단 **unprecedented 전례가 없는
E 모든 변형문제
111 Owen Williams에 관한 다음 글의 내용과 일치하는 것
11강
|9강 6|
은?
Owen Williams was born in London in 1890. He
113 다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은?
|11강 1|
studied engineering at the University of London. He
The news media are hungry for new findings, and
qualified as an engineer in 1911 and a year later joined
reporters often latch onto ideas from the scientific
the Trussed Concrete and Steel Company, for which he
laboratories before they have been fully tested. Also, a
worked as an assistant engineer prior to establishing his
reporter who lacks a strong understanding of science may
own practice in 1918. Three years later, he was appointed
misunderstand or misreport complex scientific principles.
consulting engineer to the British Empire Exhibition,
To tell the truth, sometimes scientists get excited about
a commission that included the design of several large
their findings, too, and leak them to the press before they
exhibition buildings together with a swimming pool and a
have been through a thorough review by the scientists’
sports stadium for 125,000 spectators at Wembley. It was
peers. As a result, the public is often exposed to late-
a turning point in his career. The buildings, which made
breaking nutrition news stories before the findings are fully
extensive use of reinforced concrete, were completed
confirmed. Then, when the hypothesis being tested fails
in record time, and, after the exhibition opened in 1924,
to hold up to a later challenge, consumers feel betrayed by
Williams was knighted in recognition of his achievements.
what is simply the normal course of science at work.
He subsequently became a registered architect and in 1930 was appointed to design a large new manufacturing complex for a wide range of pharmaceutical products for Boots of Nottingham.
*pharmaceutical 제약의
*latch onto ~을 입수하다
① 언론 보도의 내용을 속단해서는 안된다. ② 소비자들과 뉴스매체의 신뢰회복이 필요하다. ③ 기자들이 보도내용에 대해 확실히 이해해야 한다.
① 엔지니어 자격을 취득하고 곧바로 개업했다.
④ 과학적 사실의 보도는 대중의 이해를 고려해야 한다.
② British Empire Exhibition에서 3년간 근무했다.
⑤ 연구결과는 충분한 검증을 거치고 나서 발표해야 한다.
③ 대형 전시관 설계를 Wembley사에 넘겼다.
114 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
④ 1924년 기사 작위를 받았다. ⑤ 1930년 의약품 회사를 설립했다.
|11강 2|
Do you know people who have plenty of ideas but don’t follow through? These people need collaborators
112 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
|9강 7|
Lavinia Lloyd Dock was a pioneer in nursing education and social activist ① who linked women’s roles as nurses to the emerging women’s movement in the United States. She left her home in Pennsylvania in 1885 ② to attend New York’s HunterBellevue School of Nursing. She believed that poverty and squalor contributed to poor health, and she dedicated ③ herself to social reform to address these problems. However, she soon learned that she was limited in her influence because she was a woman, and she spent most of her career as a dedicated advocate of equal rights for women. For 20 years, she lobbied legislators at all levels about women’s right to vote, ④ believed
to help them implement. What about artists who paint masterpieces that nobody sees? They need a collaborator to help them promote themselves. Then there are inventors who need help protecting their ideas; entrepreneurs who need help gaining capital, or composers who need help with lyrics. Working together allows for different points of view and sparks new ideas. It’s not enough to be a lone innovator. Good ideas can be made into great ideas when we . In fact, venture capitalists say the most important quality they look for in businesses isn’t the ideas but the teams. Look for partners who don’t duplicate your skills but complement them. *expertise 전문 지식 **duplicate 복제[복사]하다
that this was the only way to influence social reform and health care. Providing an excellent example of the diverse ways ⑤
① have a meeting regularly
that nurses can help achieve higher-quality health care, she is
② are ready to accept our limitations
considered one of the most influential leaders in the early 20th
③ should respect each other’s opinion
century.
④ employ each other’s specialized knowledge
*squalor 불결
⑤ have partners who are more skilled than us E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
039
E 모든 변형문제
115 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하
117 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?
|11강 3|
|11강 5|
지 않은 것은?
Nowadays, scientists distinguish among species using
Sometimes, it seems that people simply like to try new
methods based on evolutionary descent. Earlier methods
things — they are interested in variety seeking, in which
were less precise but more colorful. The word “monkey” did
the priority is to vary one’s product experiences, perhaps
not enter the English language until the sixteenth century. Prior to then, the word “ape” was the only ① common term
as a form of stimulation or to avoid being bored.
for primates other than human beings. The difference between apes and human beings was never ② clear
(A) Put simply, this means the pleasantness of a food item just eaten drops while the pleasantness of uneaten foods
either. If somebody called you an ape, it might be just a ③ metaphor. In History of Four-Footed Beasts and
remains unchanged. So even though we have favourites,
Serpents, and Insects, published in 1647, Edward Topsell
(B) Variety seeking is especially likely to occur when people
included the satyr and the sphinx among apes — the term ④ included any creature that was almost “human” but not
are in a good mood, or when there is relatively little
quite. This sort of definition, and not a ⑤ conventional
of foods and beverages, variety seeking can occur due to
biological one, must be used when looking back over the
a phenomenon known as sensory-specific satiety.
old stories of apes and monkeys through the centuries.
*primate 영장류 (동물) **satyr 사티로스
we still like to sample other possibilities.
stimulation elsewhere in their environment. In the case
(C) Ironically, consumers may actually switch to less preferred options for variety’s sake even though they
(그리스 신화에 나오는 남자의 얼굴에 염소의 다리와 뿔을 가진 숲의 신)
116 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 적절한 것은?
|11강 4|
The American emphasis on individualism, which was rooted in early American Puritanism, was reinforced by the formative experience of the American western
enjoy the more familiar option more. ① (A) – (C) – (B)
② (B) – (A) – (C)
④ (C) – (A) – (B)
⑤ (C) – (B) – (A)
*satiety 포만(감)
③ (B) – (C) – (A)
118 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|11강 6|
frontier. The “pioneer spirit” of striking out on one’s own
Negativism isn’t a philosophy, it’s an attitude. It’s the
and staking a claim was captured in American author
attitude of a player whose nerves aren’t as strong as he’d
Horace Greeley’s appeal to “Go West, young man.” The
like them to be. Attitudes can be changed, but first they
absence of formal government on the frontier, including
have to be recognized. It’s quite common for a player to
effective law enforcement, also undoubtedly contributed to . Historian Frederick Jackson Turner,
think to himself, “I don’t want to boot this ground ball,”
in his classic book The Frontier in American History (1947),
will not get through to the body. The word carries no
argued that the frontier was central to the development of
functional image. The phrase “boot this ground ball” does
American individualism. Turner further linked the rugged
bring forth an image. The expression of a negative goal
individualism of the pioneer with the ideals of democracy:
will therefore emphasize an undesirable image — and the
“Quite as deeply fixed in the pioneer’s mind as the ideal of
error or the walk is more apt to be made. The body tends
individuals was the ideal of democracy. He had a passionate
to do what it hears most clearly; the mind tells the body
hatred for aristocracy, monopoly and special privilege; he
what it sees most clearly. So, thinking about what you don’t want to happen greatly .
believed in simplicity, economy and the rule of the people.” *stake a claim 권리[소유권]를 주장하다 **rugged 단호한
or “I don’t want to walk this batter.” The word “don’t”
*boot (땅볼을 처리하려다) 놓치다 **walk 볼넷으로 출루하게 하다
① increase of violent crimes
① influence your positive image
② falls of frontier individualism
② increases the possibility of success
③ aspirations for protecting system
③ increase what you want to occur
④ dependence of natives on government
④ increases the chance that it will happen
⑤ feelings of independence and self-reliance
⑤ change your attitude toward the positive
040
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E 모든 변형문제
119 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하
121 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?
|11강 7|
지 않은 것은?
|11강 9|
Each new idea in mathematics ① involves the children
Can we find some way of keeping both ideas —
in learning in three areas — linguistic, conceptual and
morality as impartiality and special parental obligations?
procedural. The children learn in that order. This means that if the children are ② unsure of the language of
Can we understand them in a way that makes them
maths they will not understand the concept and, as a result, they definitely will not be able to do anything
compatible with one another? (A) But once we have admitted this qualification, we can
with that concept. For example, when learning about
make use of it to solve our problem about parental
shape, words such as quadrilateral and even triangle can be ③ easy for some pupils. Taking the time to make
taken as providing the “relevant difference” that justifies
obligations. The fact that a child is one’s own can be treating it differently.
a link between those words and something the children already know is important to ④ enable them to use the
(B) For example, it is not a failure of impartiality to imprison
words appropriately. By linking triangle to tricycles
a convicted criminal while innocent citizens go free,
and quadrilateral to quad bikes they then have that link
because there is a relevant difference between them (one
which will result in learning. Remember also that even
has committed a crime; the others have not) to which we
simple words, which may not seem worthy of any time to *quadrilateral 4각형 explain, could cause ⑤ confusion.
can appeal to justify the difference in treatment. Other examples come easily to mind. (C) As it turns out, this is not difficult. We can say that impartiality requires us to treat people in the same way only when there are no relevant differences between them. This qualification is obviously needed, quite apart from any considerations about parents and children.
120 다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은?
|11강 8|
When we plant a rose seed in the earth, we notice that
*convicted 유죄 판결을 받은
① (A) – (C) – (B)
② (B) – (A) – (C)
④ (C) – (A) – (B)
⑤ (C) – (B) – (A)
③ (B) – (C) – (A)
it is small, but we do not criticize it as “rootless and stemless.” We treat it as a seed, giving it the water and nourishment required of a seed. When it first shoots up out of the earth, we don’t condemn it as immature and underdeveloped; nor do we criticize the buds for not being open when they appear. We stand in wonder at the process taking place and give the plant the care it needs at each stage of its development. The rose is a rose from the time it is a seed to the time it dies. Within it, at all times, it contains its whole potential. It seems to be constantly in the process of change; yet at each state, at each moment, it is perfectly all right as it is.
*nourishment 영양분
① 식물을 재배할 때는 인내심이 필요하다. ② 장미는 성장하면서 자신의 가치를 입증한다. ③ 장미는 발달 단계별로 특별한 관리가 필요하다. ④ 장미의 발달 과정을 관찰하는 것은 놀라운 기쁨이다. ⑤ 장미는 발달과정의 겉모습은 달라도 장미로서의 가치가 있다. E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
041
E 모든 변형문제
122 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|11강 10|
124 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|11강 12|
The self-serving bias affects many people’s evaluations
Most of what scientists want to understand about
of not only themselves as individuals but also . For example, in one
the world is outside the laboratory and not subject to . A physical oceanographer
early study, Hastorf and Cantril examined individuals’
may be fascinated by water waves, some of which can
judgments of penalties committed during a football
be generated in a water tank, but to really understand
game between Princeton and Dartmouth. Students at
them he or she must go out on the ocean and experience
these schools viewed a film of the game and counted the
the waves generated by the wind far from land. A
number of penalties committed by both teams. Princeton
meteorologist wanting to understand the essential nature
students saw the Dartmouth team commit twice as many
of a hurricane cannot do that in the laboratory, but must
flagrant penalties and three times as many mild penalties
measure the wind and rain as the storm tears through
as their own team. Dartmouth students, on the other hand,
the countryside. The notion that the investigator can
recorded an approximately equal number of penalties by
control the environment of the observation is absent
both teams. While the truth probably lies somewhere in
from field research, so consequently the variability in
between, the researchers concluded that it was as if the
the measurements is very much larger than analogous
two groups of students saw a different game.
laboratory measurements.
*flagrant 명백한
*oceanographer 해양학자 **meteorologist 기상학자
① their calculation error
① the rule of thumb
② their awareness for fair play
② the principle of physics
③ their preferences to sport events
③ the control of the researcher
④ the situation where they are involved
④ the measurement in the laboratory
⑤ the groups of which they are members
⑤ the estimated value of the observer
123 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적 절한 곳은?
|11강 11|
125 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
This does not necessarily depend on the status of the competition.
stressful we are likely to find it. It is probably true to say, for example, that most footballers would find themselves more anxious competing in the World Cup than in a ‘friendly’. ( ① ) However, we must remember that it is the importance of the event to the individual that counts. ( ② ) For example, athletes who know they are being watched by talent scouts, or perhaps by their family for the first time, may feel particularly anxious. ( ③ ) Marchant and his colleagues carried out an experiment in which event importance was artificially set up. ( ④ ) Pairs of golfers competed for either three new balls (low importance) or a new pair of golfing shoes (high importance). ( ⑤ ) As expected, those competing for the new shoes experienced more anxiety than those
042
The news media are hungry for new findings, and reporters often latch onto ideas from the scientific
The more important a sporting event is, the more
competing for golf balls.
|11강 1|
laboratories before they have been fully tested. Also, a reporter who lacks a strong understanding of science may misunderstand or misreport complex scientific principles. To tell the truth, sometimes scientists get excited about their findings, too, and leak them to the press before they have been through a thorough review by the scientists’ peers. As a result, the public is often exposed to late-breaking nutrition news stories before . Then, when the hypothesis being tested fails to hold up to a later challenge, consumers feel betrayed by what is simply the normal course of science at work.
*latch onto ~을 입수하다
① the findings are fully confirmed ② the public comes to a conclusion ③ they go through the editing process ④ the reporter reviews his news script ⑤ the scientists understands the outcomes
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ALL IN ONE
E 모든 변형문제
126 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은? |11강 2|
128 다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?
|11강 4|
The American emphasis on individualism, which was
Do you know people who have plenty of ideas but
rooted in early American Puritanism, was reinforced
don’t follow through? These people need collaborators
by the formative experience of the American western
to help them implement. What about artists who paint
frontier. The “pioneer spirit” of striking out on one’s own
masterpieces that nobody sees?
and staking a claim was captured in American author
(A) In fact, venture capitalists say the most important quality they look for in businesses isn’t the ideas but the teams. Look for partners who don’t duplicate your skills but complement them.
Horace Greeley’s appeal to “Go West, young man.” The absence of formal government on the frontier, including effective law enforcement, also undoubtedly contributed to feelings of independence and self-reliance. Historian Frederick Jackson Turner, in his classic book The Frontier
(B) They need a collaborator to help them promote
in American History (1947), argued that the frontier was
themselves. Then there are inventors who need help
central to the development of American individualism.
protecting their ideas; entrepreneurs who need help
Turner further linked the rugged individualism of the
gaining capital, or composers who need help with lyrics.
pioneer with the ideals of democracy: “Quite as deeply
(C) Working together allows for different points of view and
fixed in the pioneer’s mind as the ideal of individuals was
sparks new ideas. It’s not enough to be a lone innovator. Good ideas can be made into great ideas when we utilize each other’s specialized expertise.
the ideal of democracy. He had a passionate hatred for aristocracy, monopoly and special privilege; he believed in simplicity, economy and the rule of the people.” *stake a claim 권리[소유권]를 주장하다 **rugged 단호한
*expertise 전문 지식 **duplicate 복제[복사]하다
① (A) – (C) – (B)
② (B) – (A) – (C)
④ (C) – (A) – (B)
⑤ (C) – (B) – (A)
③ (B) – (C) – (A)
① This History of the American Western Frontier ② Impact of Individualism on American Literature ③ Effect of the Frontier on American Individualism
127 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어갈 알맞은 곳은? |11강 3|
④ Characteristic of the Writers in American Western ⑤ The Necessity of Formal Government in the Frontier
Prior to then, the word “ape” was the only common term for primates other than human beings. Nowadays, scientists distinguish among species using methods based on evolutionary descent. ( ① ) Earlier methods were less precise but more colorful. The word “monkey” did not enter the English language until the sixteenth century. ( ② ) The difference between apes and human beings was never clear either. ( ③ ) If somebody called you an ape, it might not be just a metaphor. ( ④ ) In History of Four-Footed Beasts and Serpents, and Insects, published in 1647, Edward Topsell included the satyr and the sphinx among apes — the term included any creature that was almost “human” but not quite. ( ⑤ ) This sort of definition, and not a conventional biological one, must be used when looking back over the old stories of apes and monkeys through the centuries.
*primate 영장류 (동물) **satyr 사티로스
(그리스 신화에 나오는 남자의 얼굴에 염소의 다리와 뿔을 가진 숲의 신)
E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
043
E 모든 변형문제
129 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|11강 5|
131 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 순서로 가장 적절한 것은? |11강 7|
Sometimes, it seems that people simply like to try new things — they are interested in variety seeking, in
Each new idea in mathematics involves the children
which the priority is to vary one’s product experiences,
in learning in three areas — linguistic, conceptual and
perhaps as a form of stimulation or to avoid being bored.
procedural. The children learn in that order.
Variety seeking is especially likely to occur when people are in a good mood, or when there is relatively little
(A) By linking triangle to tricycles and quadrilateral to quad bikes they then have that link which will result in
stimulation elsewhere in their environment. In the case
learning. Remember also that even simple words, which
of foods and beverages, variety seeking can occur due
may not seem worthy of any time to explain, could
to a phenomenon known as sensory-specific satiety.
cause confusion.
Put simply, this means the pleasantness of a food item just eaten drops while the pleasantness of uneaten foods
(B) This means that if the children are unsure of the
remains unchanged. So even though we have favourites,
language of maths they will not understand the concept
we still like to sample other possibilities. Ironically, consumers may actually for
and, as a result, they definitely will not be able to do
variety’s sake even though they enjoy the more familiar
(C) For example, when learning about shape, words such
option more.
*satiety 포만(감)
anything with that concept. as quadrilateral and even triangle can be difficult for some pupils. Taking the time to make a link between
① hide their own intention
those words and something the children already know is
② buy the collective products
important to enable them to use the words appropriately.
③ give up the brand-new items
④ switch to less preferred options ⑤ prefer the more luxurious items
*quadrilateral 4각형
① (A) – (C) – (B)
② (B) – (A) – (C)
④ (C) – (A) – (B)
⑤ (C) – (B) – (A)
③ (B) – (C) – (A)
130 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하 지 않은 것은?
|11강 6|
Negativism isn’t a philosophy, it’s an attitude. It’s the attitude of a player whose nerves aren’t as ① strong as he’d like them to be. Attitudes can be changed, but first they have to be recognized. It’s quite ② common for a player to think to himself, “I don’t want to boot this ground ball,” or “I don’t want to walk this batter.” The word “don’t” will not get through to the body. The word carries no ③ functional image. The phrase “boot this ground ball” does bring forth an image. The expression of a negative goal will therefore emphasize an ④ desirable image — and the error or the walk is more apt to be made. The body tends to do what it hears most clearly; the mind tells the body what it sees most clearly. So, thinking about what you don’t want to happen greatly ⑤ increases the chance that it will happen. *boot (땅볼을 처리하려다) 놓치다 **walk 볼넷으로 출루하게 하다
044
132 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|11강 8|
When we plant a rose seed in the earth, we notice that it is small, but we do not criticize it as “rootless and stemless.” We treat it as a seed, giving it the water and nourishment required of a seed. When it first shoots up out of the earth, we don’t condemn it as immature and underdeveloped; nor do we criticize the buds for not being open when they appear. We stand in wonder at the process taking place and give the plant the care it needs at each stage of its development. The rose is a rose from the time it is a seed to the time it dies. Within it, at all times, it contains its whole . It seems to be constantly in the process of change; yet at each state, at each moment, it is perfectly all right as it is. *nourishment 영양분
① demand
② responsibility
④ potential
⑤ life
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③ limitation
E 모든 변형문제
133 다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은?
|11강 9|
Can we find some way of keeping both ideas —
134 다음 글의 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것 |11강 10|
은?
morality as impartiality and special parental obligations?
The self-serving bias affects many people’s evaluations
Can we understand them in a way that makes them compatible with one another? As it turns out, this is
of not only themselves as individuals but also the groups of which they are members. (A) , in one
not difficult. We can say that impartiality requires us
early study, Hastorf and Cantril examined individuals’
to treat people in the same way only when there are no
judgments of penalties committed during a football
relevant differences between them. This qualification is
game between Princeton and Dartmouth. Students at
obviously needed, quite apart from any considerations
these schools viewed a film of the game and counted the
about parents and children. For example, it is not a failure
number of penalties committed by both teams. Princeton
of impartiality to imprison a convicted criminal while
students saw the Dartmouth team commit twice as many
innocent citizens go free, because there is a relevant difference between them (one has committed a crime;
flagrant penalties and three times as many mild penalties as their own team. Dartmouth students, (B) ,
the others have not) to which we can appeal to justify the
recorded an approximately equal number of penalties by
difference in treatment. Other examples come easily to
both teams. While the truth probably lies somewhere in
mind. But once we have admitted this qualification, we
between, the researchers concluded that it was as if the
can make use of it to solve our problem about parental
two groups of students saw a different game.
obligations. The fact that a child is one’s own can be
*flagrant 명백한
taken as providing the “relevant difference” that justifies treating it differently.
*convicted 유죄 판결을 받은
① 공평무사함은 부모로서의 기본의무이다. ② 부모와 자식간에 공평무사함은 불가능하다. ③ 의미 있는 차이가 있을 때 차별대우는 정당하다. ④ 범죄자에 대한 차별은 사회적 편견을 유발시킨다. ⑤ 자녀에 대한 편애는 부모의 도덕의무와 양립할 수 없다.
E 모든 변형문제
(A)
(B)
① In other words
On the other hand
② In other words
Nonetheless
③ However
As a result
④ For example
On the other hand
⑤ For example
As a result
수능특강 영어 편
045
E 모든 변형문제
135 다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은?
|11강 11|
The more important a sporting event is, the more stressful we are likely to find it. It is probably true to say,
12강
137 다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계 없는 문장은?
|12강 1|
more anxious competing in the World Cup than in a
Interest in extremely long periods of time sets geology and astronomy apart from other sciences. ① Geologists
‘friendly’. However, we must remember that it is the
think in terms of billions of years for the age of Earth and
importance of the event to the individual that counts. This does not necessarily depend on the status of the
its oldest rocks — numbers that, like the national debt, are not easily understood. ② Nevertheless, the time scales
competition. For example, athletes who know they are
of geological activity are important for environmental
being watched by talent scouts, or perhaps by their family for the first time, may feel particularly anxious. Marchant
geologists because they provide a way to measure human impacts on the natural world. ③ For example, we would
and his colleagues carried out an experiment in which
like to know the rate of natural soil formation from
event importance was artificially set up. Pairs of golfers
solid rock to determine whether topsoil erosion from agriculture is too great. ④ Other elements of topsoil
for example, that most footballers would find themselves
competed for either three new balls (low importance) expected, those competing for the new shoes experienced
include sand, manure of various types and very small pieces of rock and stone. ⑤ Likewise, understanding
more anxiety than those competing for golf balls.
how climate has changed over millions of years is vital
or a new pair of golfing shoes (high importance). As
to properly assess current global warming trends. Clues
① 스포츠 경기의 승패는 선수의 긴장여부에 달려있다.
to past environmental change are well preserved in many
② 스포츠 경기의 중요성은 선수의 긴장도와 비례한다.
different kinds of rocks.
③ 운동선수 개인에 따라 경기의 중요도와 긴장감이 다르다.
*astronomy 천문학 **erosion 부식, 침식
④ 선수들은 단체경기보다 개인전에서 더 많은 부담을 느낀다. ⑤ 운동선수들은 가족이 지켜보는 경기를 가장 부담스러워한다.
138 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하 지 않은 것은?
136 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
|11강 12|
|12강 2|
The national income divided by the population of a country is called its per capita income or the
Most of what scientists want to understand about the world ① is outside the laboratory and not subject to
average income per head. The per capita income is an ① approximate index of the standard of living in the
the control of the researcher. A physical oceanographer may be fascinated by water waves, some of ② them can
country because it shows the average amount of income available to its citizens. It is, however, a very ② rough
be generated in a water tank, but to really understand
index. In most developing countries, the national income is distributed very ③ unevenly among the people.
them he or she must go out on the ocean and experience the waves ③ generated by the wind far from land. A
The greater part of it goes to the richer classes. So,
meteorologist wanting to understand the essential nature
the majority of the people have incomes considerably
of a hurricane cannot do that in the laboratory, but must
less than what is shown by the figure for the per capita
measure the wind and rain as the storm tears through the countryside. The notion ④ that the investigator can
income. But, though the per capita income is a very ④ adequate index, it is better than the total figure of
control the environment of the observation is absent
national income because it takes into account not only
from field research, so consequently the variability in the measurements is very ⑤ much larger than analogous
growth in income but also growth in population. Thus,
laboratory measurements.
period of time, the calculation of the per capita income is absolutely ⑤ necessary.
*oceanographer 해양학자 **meteorologist 기상학자
046
to measure the economic growth of a country over a
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E 모든 변형문제
139 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|12강 3|
140 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은? |12강 4|
Perhaps the most influential in determining authenticity of souvenirs is the meanings that the tourists themselves
Process questions are so called because they require the
assign to their merchandise through a process of
respondent to use some higher mental process in order to
attribution of meaning. For most people, ‘buying a
answer them.
souvenir is an act of acquisition of an object perceived as authentic’. However, according to a study, the perception of the souvenir vendors was that tourists really do not care if the design is traditional or contrived. The study concludes it is obvious that tourists understand that artificial and non-destination-specific items (e.g. stone
(A) Examples of process questions include: ‘What might have happened if Japan had not bombed Pearl Harbour?’ ‘How do you think you could improve your relationship with your wife?’ ‘Why should anyone who is fit and doesn’t work receive money from the state?’ ‘What do
chess sets, brass cigarette lighters, etc.) are not part of
you think are the characteristics of a good manager?’
the craft tradition of local cultures, but rather such items
(B) This may involve giving opinions, justifications,
are made specifically for tourists. Nonetheless, the
judgements or evaluations, making predictions,
souvenirs tourists take home are still a sort of trophy,
analysing information, interpreting situations or
which must reflect their image of the country visited —
making generalisations. In other words, the respondent
it must look authentic, traditional, or primitive, because
is required to think, at a higher-order level, about the
the authenticity of the artifact is a guarantee of the authenticity of .
answer.
*authenticity 진짜임 **contrived 억지로 꾸민 듯한
(C) All of these questions require the respondent to go beyond the simple recall of information and frequently there is no correct answer to a process question.
① preserving the tradition
Furthermore, process questions usually require longer
② one’s experience abroad
responses and can seldom be answered in one or two
③ respect for the local tradition
words.
④ contribution to the local economy ⑤ understanding the cultural difference
E 모든 변형문제
① (A) – (C) – (B)
② (B) – (A) – (C)
④ (C) – (A) – (B)
⑤ (C) – (B) – (A)
수능특강 영어 편
③ (B) – (C) – (A)
047
E 모든 변형문제
141 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?
143 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하
|12강 1|
지 않은 것은?
|12강 3|
Interest in extremely long periods of time sets geology
Perhaps the most influential in determining authenticity
and astronomy apart from other sciences. Geologists
of souvenirs is the meanings that the tourists themselves ① assign to their merchandise through a process of
think in terms of billions of years for the age of Earth and its oldest rocks — numbers that, like the national debt, are not easily understood. (A) For example, we would like to know the rate of natural soil formation from solid rock to determine whether topsoil erosion from agriculture is too great.
attribution of meaning. For most people, ‘buying a souvenir is an act of ② acquisition of an object perceived as authentic’. However, according to a study, the perception of the souvenir vendors was that tourists really ③ care if the design is traditional or contrived. The study concludes it is obvious that tourists ④ understand
(B) Nevertheless, the time scales of geological activity are
that artificial and non-destination-specific items (e.g.
important for environmental geologists because they provide
stone chess sets, brass cigarette lighters, etc.) are not part
a way to measure human impacts on the natural world.
of the craft tradition of local cultures, but rather such
(C) Likewise, understanding how climate has changed over millions of years is vital to properly assess current global warming trends. Clues to past environmental change are well preserved in many different kinds of rocks.
*astronomy 천문학 **erosion 부식, 침식
① (A) – (C) – (B)
② (B) – (A) – (C)
④ (C) – (A) – (B)
⑤ (C) – (B) – (A)
③ (B) – (C) – (A)
142 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적 절한 곳은?
|12강 2|
So, the majority of the people have incomes considerably less than what is shown by the figure for the per capita income.
items are made specifically for tourists. Nonetheless, the souvenirs tourists take home are still a sort of trophy, which must ⑤ reflect their image of the country visited — it must look authentic, traditional, or primitive, because the authenticity of the artifact is a guarantee of the authenticity of one’s experience abroad. *authenticity 진짜임 **contrived 억지로 꾸민 듯한
144 다음 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
|12강 4|
Process questions are so called because they require the respondent ① to use some higher mental process in order to answer them. This may involve giving
The national income divided by the population of a
opinions, justifications, judgements or evaluations,
country is called its per capita income or the average income per head. ( ① ) The per capita income is an
making predictions, analysing information, interpreting situations or ② making generalisations. In other words,
approximate index of the standard of living in the country. ( ② ) Because it shows the average amount
the respondent is required to think, at a higher-order
of income available to its citizens. ( ③ ) It is, however,
level, about the answer. Examples of process questions include: ‘What might ③ happen if Japan had not bombed
a very rough index. In most developing countries, the
Pearl Harbour?’ ‘How do you think you could improve
national income is distributed very unevenly among
your relationship with your wife?’ ‘Why should anyone who is fit and doesn’t work ④ receive money from
the people. The greater part of it goes to the richer classes. ( ④ ) But, though the per capita income is a
the state?’ ‘What do you think are the characteristics
very inadequate index, it is better than the total figure of
of a good manager?’ All of these questions require the
national income because it takes into account not only growth in income but also growth in population. ( ⑤ )
respondent to go beyond the simple recall of information
Thus, to measure the economic growth of a country over a period of time, the calculation of the per capita income
question. Furthermore, process questions usually require longer responses and can seldom ⑤ be answered in one
is absolutely necessary.
or two words.
048
and frequently there is no correct answer to a process
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E 모든 변형문제
146 다음 글의 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것
13강
|13강 2|
은?
145 (A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로 가 |13강 1|
장 적절한 것은?
In a political debate, you feel that the other side just doesn’t get your point of view, and if they could only see
In Mediterranean countries, ancient shipwrecks have
things with your clarity, they would understand and fall
long been treated like any other archaeological site.
naturally in line with what you believe. They must not
Regardless of its origin, an ancient shipwreck belongs to the nation in (A) [which / whose] territorial waters
understand; because if they did, they wouldn’t think the things they think. (A) , you believe you totally
it lies. To disturb it in any way, a foreign or national
get their point of view and you reject it. You don’t need
archaeologist must have the proper credentials (B) [to obtain / obtained] official permission from the
to hear them elaborate on it because you already know it better than they do. (B) each side believes
archaeological service of the government of that nation.
it understands the other side better than the other side
Because in the last century so many antiquities were
understands both its opponents and itself.
taken from these countries to foreign museums and collections, this approach developed as a safeguard. Thus, there has been less treasure hunting in the Mediterranean than in many places, (C) [despite / although] illegal stealing of antiquities does occur under the Mediterranean as on surrounding lands. *credential 증명서, 신임장 **antiquity 고대 유물
(A)
(B)
(C)
① which
to obtain
despite
② which
obtained
although
③ whose
to obtain
although
④ whose
obtained
although
⑤ whose
to obtain
despite
*clarity 명확성 **opponent (논쟁의) 반대자
(A)
(B)
① Similarly
Therefore
② In contrast
However
③ Moreover
In other words
④ Similarly
However
⑤ In contrast
Therefore
147 다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은?
|13강 3|
Consumers are bombarded with information about products or services from all imaginable media. To reevaluate products or services every time they make a buying decision is impossible. To simplify their buying process, consumers organise products or services into categories, that is, they “position” the products, services and organisations in their minds. A brand’s “position” is the complex set of perceptions, impressions and feelings that the consumer associates with the brand compared with competing brands. These aspects may cover physical attributes of the brand, or lifestyle association, or use occasion, or the user’s image, etc. Supposedly, if every consumer were to have a mental map of the product category, the location of a particular brand in that map, relative to those of its competitors, is the position of the brand under consideration. *bombard (질문 등을) 퍼붓다 ① 광고의 홍수 속에서 정보를 구분하는 습관이 중요하다. ② 브랜드의 가치는 상품의 판매 범주와 밀접한 관련이 있다. ③ 소비자의 요구를 반영해서 제품의 품질을 향상시켜야 한다. ④ 제품의 기능이 많을수록, 소비자의 구매 만족도가 높아진다. ⑤ 소비자는 구매과정을 단순화하려고 상품을 여러 범주로 체 계화한다. E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
049
E 모든 변형문제
148 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적 절한 곳은?
149 다음 글의 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것
|13강 4|
|13강 5|
은?
However, the characteristics that are claimed to
The influential social psychologist Daniel Kahneman
distinguish the sexes are not uniform from one culture to
prefers to describe the thinking styles of the two systems
another.
of the human mind — the automatic system and the
All known cultures give meanings to sex categories. ( ① ) These meanings serve to create and maintain social distinctions between women and men. ( ② ) Looking around the world today, we find that such distinctions and hierarchies are usually built into institutions such as the family, law, and religion. ( ③ ) For example, in all known societies, men have more formal political power than women. And men generally earn more money than women. ( ④ ) Nor are the distinctions necessarily stable across historical epochs within a society. ( ⑤ ) Furthermore, societies vary in the extremity of the distinctions they draw and the rigidity with which these distinctions are enforced. *epoch (중요한 사건·변화들이 일어난) 시대 **rigidity 엄격(함)
conscious system — as intuition versus reasoning. The automatic system is intuitive, in the sense that it is guided by gut reactions and quick feelings rather than a process of carefully thinking through all the implications of a problem. (A) , when you face a decision and someone advises you to “go with your gut feeling,” that person is essentially telling you to rely on your automatic system (and its intuitions) rather than trying to reason through the problem logically, as the conscious system will do. Often that is good advice, because the automatic system does produce quick and usually good answers. (B) the highest achievements and advances of culture depend on the application of careful reasoning, which is the province of the conscious system.
*intuition 직관(력)
(A)
(B)
① For example
Therefore
② In contrast
But
③ Moreover
In other words
④ For example
But
⑤ In contrast
Therefore
150 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하 |13강 6|
지 않은 것은?
Agriculture ① provided the economic context for the rise of civilization and eventually the technology that we currently enjoy. The downside, of course, is that large population and its ② concentration provide the essential breeding ground for the maintenance and transport of pathogens from host to host, eventually infecting many thousands, if not millions, of people. Examples in recent history are ③ abundant, such as the 1918 influenza epidemic that resulted in the deaths of millions globally. Today, we are seeing an alarming ④ reduction in new infectious diseases, fueled by population increase and human-to-human transfer of rapidly evolving pathogens. In addition, some of the old diseases have ⑤ reemerged, such as tuberculosis, resulting in the deaths of some 2 to 3 million people a year. *pathogen 병원균 **epidemic 유행성 전염병
050
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ALL IN ONE
E 모든 변형문제
151 다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은?
|13강 7|
153 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은? |13강 1|
Recognizing past accomplishments, important events, goals reached, awards, or other important events in the
In Mediterranean countries, ancient shipwrecks have
organization’s history is important to employees. It is
long been treated like any other archaeological site.
also a way to honor both your current and past employees
Regardless of its origin, an ancient shipwreck belongs to
who contributed to the accomplishment. It adds to
the nation in whose territorial waters it lies.
the sense of identity that employees have concerning their place of employment. Employees do take pride in their place of employment and want to share in the
(A) Because in the last century so many antiquities were taken from these countries to foreign museums and
accomplishments they have helped achieve. Celebrating
collections, this approach developed as a safeguard.
the company or organization’s milestones can help give
(B) Thus, there has been less treasure hunting in the
employees the opportunity to express this pride and feel
Mediterranean than in many places, although
good about their roles in achieving these goals.
illegal stealing of antiquities does occur under the
*milestone 중요한 일
Mediterranean as on surrounding lands. (C) To disturb it in any way, a foreign or national
① 회사의 기념일은 휴무일로 지정해야 한다.
archaeologist must have the proper credentials to obtain
② 조직의 목표달성에 대한 보상은 즉각적이어야 한다.
official permission from the archaeological service of
③ 직원들 사이의 친밀감이 원활한 의사소통의 핵심이다.
the government of that nation.
④ 조직의 중요한 일을 인정하는 것이 직원들에게 중요하다. ⑤ 직원들의 업무 기여도를 기반으로 성과급제를 도입해야 한다.
152 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
*credential 증명서, 신임장 **antiquity 고대 유물
① (A) – (C) – (B)
② (B) – (A) – (C)
④ (C) – (A) – (B)
⑤ (C) – (B) – (A)
③ (B) – (C) – (A)
|13강 8|
The sight of others acting in a socially responsible manner — by dropping money in a Salvation Army bucket, for instance — can spur an observer to help in two ways. First, the observation of others’ behavior is frequently the way that people, especially children, learn appropriate conduct. Exposing children to prosocial television programming, for example, teaches them to be more cooperative and generous. In addition to this teaching function, a prosocial model can also serve as a , bringing the norm to consciousness in adults who may not have been thinking about helpfulness until they came across an instance of it. In a classic study by James Bryan and Mary Ann Test, Los Angeles motorists were more likely to stop and help the driver of a disabled car if they’d witnessed another motorist doing so a quarter mile before. ① warning
② reminder
④ order
⑤ rule
*spur 자극하다
154 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
|13강 2|
In a political debate, you feel that the other side just doesn’t get your point of view, and if they could only see things with your clarity, they would understand and fall naturally in line with ① what you believe. They ② must not understand; because if they did, they wouldn’t think the things they think. By contrast, you believe you totally get their point of view and you reject it. You don’t need to hear them ③ elaborate on it. Because you already know it better than they ④ are. So each side believes it understands the other side better than the other side understands both its opponents and ⑤ itself.
③ duty
*clarity 명확성 **opponent (논쟁의) 반대자
E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
051
E 모든 변형문제
155 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|13강 3|
(A)
(B)
Consumers are bombarded with information about
① However
Consequently
products or services from all imaginable media. To re-
② However
In addition
evaluate products or services every time they make a
③ In fact
On the other hand
buying decision is impossible. To simplify their buying process, consumers ,
④ For instance
In addition
⑤ For instance
Consequently
that is, they “position” the products, services and organisations in their minds. A brand’s “position” is the complex set of perceptions, impressions and feelings that the consumer associates with the brand compared with competing brands. These aspects may cover physical attributes of the brand, or lifestyle association, or use occasion, or the user’s image, etc. Supposedly, if every consumer were to have a mental map of the product category, the location of a particular brand in that map, relative to those of its competitors, is the position of the brand under consideration.
*bombard (질문 등을) 퍼붓다
① depend on their intuitive preference ② organise customers’ right movement ③ review the functions of the product in detail ④ classify the products or services into categories
157 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?
⑤ consider the popularity of the service in market
|13강 5|
The influential social psychologist Daniel Kahneman prefers to describe the thinking styles of the two systems of the human mind — the automatic system and the
156 다음 글의 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것 은?
|13강 4|
conscious system — as intuition versus reasoning. (A) Often that is good advice, because the automatic system does produce quick and usually good answers. But the
All known cultures give meanings to sex categories;
highest achievements and advances of culture depend
these meanings serve to create and maintain social
on the application of careful reasoning, which is the
distinctions between women and men. Looking around
province of the conscious system.
the world today, we find that such distinctions and hierarchies are usually built into institutions such as the family, law, and religion. (A) , in all known
(B) When you face a decision and someone advises you to
societies, men have more formal political power than
telling you to rely on your automatic system (and its
women, and men generally earn more money than
intuitions) rather than trying to reason through the
women. However, the characteristics that are claimed to
problem logically, as the conscious system will do.
distinguish the sexes are not uniform from one culture to another. Nor are the distinctions necessarily stable across historical epochs within a society. (B) , societies
“go with your gut feeling,” that person is essentially
(C) The automatic system is intuitive, in the sense that it is guided by gut reactions and quick feelings rather than a process of carefully thinking through all the implications
vary in the extremity of the distinctions they draw and the rigidity with which these distinctions are enforced. *epoch (중요한 사건·변화들이 일어난) 시대 **rigidity 엄격(함)
052
of a problem.
*intuition 직관(력)
① (A) – (C) – (B)
② (B) – (A) – (C)
④ (C) – (A) – (B)
⑤ (C) – (B) – (A)
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③ (B) – (C) – (A)
E 모든 변형문제
158 다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?
|13강 6|
160 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?
Agriculture provided the economic context for the rise of
|13강 8|
civilization and eventually the technology that we currently enjoy. The downside, of course, is that large population and its concentration provide the essential breeding ground for the maintenance and transport of pathogens from host to host, eventually infecting many thousands, if not millions, of
The sight of others acting in a socially responsible manner — by dropping money in a Salvation Army bucket, for instance — can spur an observer to help in two ways.
people. Examples in recent history are abundant, such as the
(A) In addition to this teaching function, a prosocial model
1918 influenza epidemic that resulted in the deaths of millions
can also serve as a reminder, bringing the norm to
globally. Today, we are seeing an alarming increase in new
consciousness in adults who may not have been thinking
infectious diseases, fueled by population increase and human-
about helpfulness until they came across an instance of
to-human transfer of rapidly evolving pathogens. In addition,
it.
some of the old diseases have reemerged, such as tuberculosis,
(B) In a classic study by James Bryan and Mary Ann Test,
resulting in the deaths of some 2 to 3 million people a year.
Los Angeles motorists were more likely to stop and help
*pathogen 병원균 **epidemic 유행성 전염병
the driver of a disabled car if they’d witnessed another
① Major Cause of Overpopulation in 20th Century
motorist doing so a quarter mile before.
② Danger of New Infectious Disease and Pathogen
(C) First, the observation of others’ behavior is frequently
③ Difficulty of Maintaining Pathogens and Epidemic
the way that people, especially children, learn
④ Sustainable Development of Agriculture Technology ⑤ Negative Impact of Large Population from Agriculture
appropriate conduct. Exposing children to prosocial television programming, for example, teaches them to be more cooperative and generous.
159
(A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 문맥에 맞는 낱말로 가장
① (A) – (C) – (B)
② (B) – (A) – (C)
④ (C) – (A) – (B)
⑤ (C) – (B) – (A)
*spur 자극하다
③ (B) – (C) – (A)
|13강 7|
적절한 것은?
Recognizing past accomplishments, important events, goals reached, awards, or other important events in the organization’s history is important to employees. It is also a way to (A) [honor / burden] both your current and past employees who contributed to the accomplishment. It adds to the sense of (B) [regret / identity] that employees have concerning their place of employment. Employees do take pride in their place of employment and want to share in the accomplishments they have helped achieve. Celebrating the company or organization’s milestones can help give employees the opportunity to (C) [express / conceal] this pride and feel good about their roles in achieving these goals.
*milestone 중요한 일
(A)
(B)
(C)
① honor
regret
express
② honor
identity
express
③ burden
regret
express
④ burden
identity
conceal
⑤ burden
regret
conceal E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
053
E 모든 변형문제
163 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어갈 곳으로 가장
14강
적절한 것은?
161 다음 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
|14강 1|
Plot twists are major story elements that often prove to be the opposite of ① what was being seen or expected. Twists go back far into history, and a twist is frequently ironic and is caused ② occasionally by chance. The Gift of the Magi, by O. Henry, is a classic example of a story ③ that ends with a bitter twist. The story focuses on a very poor couple. The wife has long, beautiful hair, and has admired a set of combs in a shop window, and the husband’s one possession is a pocket watch.
|14강 3|
But a week later, NASA’s scientists figured out what happened, and they weren’t exactly shouting it from the rooftops. The Mars Climate Orbiter was one of a series of missions in a long-term program of Mars exploration, known as the Mars Surveyor Program. ( ① ) In September 1999, the craft approached Mars and then disappeared. ( ② ) At first, politicians and some scientists blamed NASA’s new slogan, “better, faster, cheaper,” for the $125 million failure. ( ③ ) It seems
For Christmas, the wife cuts off her hair, sells it for money, and ④ buys a chain for her husband’s watch.
that even though NASA has used metric units to guide its
The husband, in turn, has sold the watch to buy his wife
hired to engineer the craft, used non-metric English units for its thrust data. ( ④ ) This caused the craft’s thrusters
the combs. It’s a bitter, ironic twist, but it has a powerful impact; readers can relate to the story because things like ⑤ which happen.
spacecraft for years, Lockheed Martin, the company they
to plunge the Orbiter to its doom. ( ⑤ ) Soon after the incident, Noel W. Hinners, vice president for flight systems at Lockheed Martin Aeronautics and master of the obvious, said, “We should have converted.” *thrust 추진력 **plunge (상태·위험에) 이르게 하다
162 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|14강 2|
You might expect that because humans are well
164 다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?
|14강 4|
equipped to think, they would love to think and would
To reduce the waste of inspection (and checking) in
spend all their free time doing it. This is certainly not the
the office, everyone has to play by a new set of rules
case. (If all thinking were fun, people would probably
— in essence, a new paradigm. This begins with an
spend much of their free time doing math problems,
understanding that defects are caused by the way work
but they don’t.) Researchers have found that often
is performed. If work is performed correctly, inspections
people seem lazy or careless about their thinking. Social
are not needed. Generally, the inspection process exists
psychologists use the term cognitive miser to describe
only because of a fear of mistakes made during the work
people’s reluctance to do much extra thinking. Just as a
process. Inspections reveal defects only after they have
miser tries to avoid spending money, the cognitive miser
already occurred. Stated another way, inspections discover
tries to avoid thinking too hard or too much. Of course,
waste. The inspection process itself does not add value; in
this isn’t entirely a matter of laziness. People’s capacity to think is limited, and so people must .
fact, it becomes another form of waste. Moreover, this new
There is much evidence that when people’s capacity for
the time and effort expended by the people performing the
thinking is already preoccupied, they take even more
inspections and the number of inspection reports that they
shortcuts to reduce further need for thought.
generate. These reports must be read, responded to or acted
*miser 구두쇠 **shortcut 지름길
form of waste is often multilayered. Think, for example, of
upon, and then filed or stored, creating more waste.
① avoid impulsive thinking
① how we can reduce waste in office
② appreciate their thought
② ineffectiveness of inspection process
③ prefer thinking to acting
③ factors causing mistakes in work process
④ conserve their thinking
④ how to deal with inspection reports
⑤ think before they leap
⑤ importance of novelty in work process
054
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E 모든 변형문제
165 다음 빈칸 (A)와 (B)에 들어갈 말로 바르게 짝지어진 것 |14강 5|
은?
166 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|14강 6|
Nineteenth-century writings about disease offer a
Social exchanges are usually governed by the norm of reciprocity, which requires that .
window into earlier conceptions of the body. Perhaps
If a favor has been extended to us, we will be motivated
less obviously, these same writings speak to earlier
to return the favor. Conversely, if others have not been
conceptions of the environment. Different conceptions
helpful to us, we are not likely to be helpful to them.
of illness point to differences in how people have
Therefore, if social exchanges are fair, the social structure
understood the nonhuman world. When viewed from the
involved tends to be solid. The exchange reinforces the
perspective of health, the nineteenth-century environment
relationships and provides each party in the exchange
was neither passive nor necessarily benign in its natural state. (A) , the “natural” environment, especially
with some needed good. But if exchanges are seen as
those environments least touched by the processes
friendship in which one person constantly helps another,
of civilization, acted on settlers’ bodies in sometimes aggressive and unpredictable ways. (B) ,
expecting but not getting gratitude in return, is likely to
untested landscapes were always physically threatening. This fear of distant and unfamiliar places generated large amounts of popular advice for would-be settlers and travelers. At the same time, existing medical and scientific practices brought the environmental sources of disease into focus. (A)
*benign 해가 없는, 건강에 좋은
unfair, the social structure is likely to be unstable. A
be short lived. ① fair trade system be made in our society ② we do someone special a favor repeatedly ③ we extend our hands to people in need ④ people help those who have helped them ⑤ social structure be stable and flexible
(B)
① On the contrary
Therefore
② For example
Consequently
③ On the contrary
Consequently
④ For example
Therefore
⑤ On the contrary
Nevertheless
167 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어갈 곳으로 가장 적절한 것은?
|14강 7|
During one small but important part of it, Jigalong men move to an area away from the main camp and set up two rainmaking piles. The Jigalong are an aboriginal people living in the deserts of Western Australia. Much of their culture has been shaped by this environment, especially by the threat of drought. ( ① ) To ensure an abundant water supply, each year the Jigalong engage in a ritual directed to the “rainmaking beings.” ( ② ) This rainmaking ceremony is the most complex of such rituals on record. ( ③ ) These piles consist of sacred stones, hairstring, and pearl shells. ( ④ ) The Jigalong pierce their arms and sprinkle blood on the piles to symbolize rain, and cover the piles with feathers to symbolize clouds. ( ⑤ ) They believe that rain snakes grow in the piles and that when the rituals have been performed correctly, their gods will bring them rain.
E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
*aboriginal 호주 원주민의 **pierce 찌르다
055
E 모든 변형문제
168 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하
170 다음 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않
|14강 8|
지 않은 것은?
Without ① universality there could be no science of any kind. An individual is only itself and cannot explain anything else. It cannot even explain itself! Even though a medical doctor applies her ② general knowledge to a
|14강 2|
은 것은?
You might expect that because humans are well equipped to think, they would ① love to think and would spend all their free time doing it. This is certainly not the
particular patient, she must know what is common to all
case. (If all thinking were fun, people would probably spend ② much of their free time doing math problems,
possible cases of the same type. Imagine she spent four
but they don’t.) Researchers have found that often
years in her medical school studying one and only one patient. She would be ③ fine if the only patient she ever
people seem lazy or careless about their thinking. Social
had to treat were that one case. But imagine what would happen as soon as a ④ different patient walked into her
psychologists use the term cognitive miser to describe people’s ③ willingness to do much extra thinking. Just
office. She would be totally ⑤ competent in dealing
as a miser tries to avoid spending money, the cognitive miser tries to ④ avoid thinking too hard or too much. Of
with the new body and would either have to give up her
course, this isn’t entirely a matter of laziness. People’s
practice or return to medical school to learn about other
capacity to think is limited, and so people must conserve
cases.
their thinking. There is much evidence that when people’s capacity for thinking is already ⑤ preoccupied, they take even more shortcuts to reduce further need for thought.
*miser 구두쇠 **shortcut 지름길
171 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
|14강 3|
The Mars Climate Orbiter was one of a series of missions in a long-term program of Mars exploration, known as the Mars Surveyor Program. In September
169 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어갈 곳으로 가장 |14강 1|
적절한 것은?
For Christmas, the wife cuts off her hair, sells it for money, and buys a chain for her husband’s watch. Plot twists are major story elements that often prove to be the opposite of what was being seen or expected. Twists go back far into history, and a twist is frequently ironic and is caused occasionally by chance. ( ① ) The Gift of the Magi, by O. Henry, is a classic example of a story that ends with a bitter twist. ( ② ) The story focuses on a very poor couple. ( ③ ) The wife has long, beautiful hair, and has admired a set of combs in a shop window, and the husband’s one possession is a pocket watch. ( ④ ) The husband, in turn, has sold the watch to buy his wife the combs. ( ⑤ ) It’s a bitter, ironic twist, but it has a powerful impact; readers can relate to the story because things like that happen.
056
1999, the craft approached Mars and then disappeared. At first, politicians and some scientists blamed NASA’s new slogan, “better, faster, cheaper,” for the $125 million failure. But a week later, NASA’s scientists figured out what happened, and they weren’t exactly shouting it from the rooftops. It seems that even though NASA has used metric units to guide its spacecraft for years, Lockheed Martin, the company they hired to engineer the craft, used non-metric English units for its thrust data. This caused the craft’s thrusters to plunge the Orbiter to its doom. Soon after the incident, Noel W. Hinners, vice president for flight systems at Lockheed Martin Aeronautics and master of the obvious, said, “We should have converted.”
*thrust 추진력 **plunge (상태·위험에) 이르게 하다
① Better Late Than Never For All Human Business ② Not Unifying Unit Of Measure Leading Disaster ③ Can We Depend On NASA For Space Exploration? ④ Who Is Responsible? NASA OR Lockheed Martin? ⑤ Never Put All Of Your Eggs In Only One Basket!
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E 모든 변형문제
172 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|14강 4|
173 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|14강 5|
To reduce the waste of inspection (and checking)
Nineteenth-century writings about disease offer a
in the office, everyone has to play by a new set of
window into earlier conceptions of the body. Perhaps
rules — in essence, a new paradigm. This begins with
less obviously, these same writings speak to earlier
an understanding that defects are caused by the way
conceptions of the environment. Different conceptions of
work is performed. If work is performed correctly,
illness point to differences in how people have understood
inspections are not needed. Generally, the inspection
the nonhuman world. When viewed from the perspective
process exists only because of a fear of mistakes made
of health, the nineteenth-century environment was
during the work process. Inspections reveal defects only
neither passive nor necessarily benign in its natural state.
after they have already occurred. Stated another way, . The inspection process
On the contrary, the “natural” environment, especially
itself does not add value; in fact, it becomes another
of civilization, acted on settlers’ bodies in sometimes
form of waste. Moreover, this new form of waste is often
aggressive and unpredictable ways. Consequently,
multilayered. Think, for example, of the time and effort
untested landscapes were always physically threatening.
expended by the people performing the inspections and
This fear of distant and unfamiliar places generated
the number of inspection reports that they generate.
large amounts of popular advice for would-be settlers
These reports must be read, responded to or acted upon,
and travelers. At the same time, existing medical and scientific practices brought
and then filed or stored, creating more waste.
those environments least touched by the processes
into focus.
① inspections discover waste ② misinterpretations can occur
① internal factors of disease in our body
③ wastes can make mistakes
② accurate prediction of possible disease
④ defects are not really defects
③ the environmental sources of disease
⑤ haste can make waste
④ possible cures of diseases of today ⑤ medical researchs and clinical trials
174 다음 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않 은 것은?
|14강 6|
Social exchanges are usually governed by the norm of reciprocity, which requires that people help those who have helped them. If a favor has been extended to us, we will be motivated to ① return the favor. Conversely, if others have not been helpful to us, we are not likely to be ② helpful to them. Therefore, if social exchanges are fair, the social structure involved tends to be ③ unpredictable. The exchange reinforces the relationships and provides each party in the exchange with some needed good. But if exchanges are seen as unfair, the social structure is likely to be ④ unstable. A friendship in which one person constantly helps another, expecting but not getting gratitude in return, is likely to be ⑤ short lived.
E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
057
E 모든 변형문제
175 다음 Jigalong에 관한 설명 중, 글의 내용과 일치하지 않
15강
|14강 7|
는 것은?
The Jigalong are an aboriginal people living in the
177 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 적절한 것은?
|15강 1|
deserts of Western Australia. Much of their culture has
All other things being equal, journalists prefer to tell
been shaped by this environment, especially by the
stories about conflict. News is first and foremost about
threat of drought. To ensure an abundant water supply,
conflict and disorder. Protests, violence, crime, wars,
each year the Jigalong engage in a ritual directed to the
and disasters provide the most natural material for news
“rainmaking beings.” This rainmaking ceremony is the
reports. Journalists become famous and win awards for
most complex of such rituals on record. During one small
covering such stories. Many reporters dream of becoming
but important part of it, Jigalong men move to an area
war correspondents, for this is considered the height of
away from the main camp and set up two rainmaking
professional accomplishment. The very idea of a “peace
piles. These piles consist of sacred stones, hairstring, and
correspondent,” on the other hand, sounds strange, even
pearl shells. The Jigalong pierce their arms and sprinkle blood on the piles to symbolize rain, and cover the piles
contradictory. When peace appears to be taking hold in a particular area, .
with feathers to symbolize clouds. They believe that rain
Understanding that peace and news make strange
snakes grow in the piles and that when the rituals have
bedfellows is an important starting point for all that
been performed correctly, their gods will bring them rain.
follows.
*aboriginal 호주 원주민의 **pierce 찌르다
*strange bedfellow 뜻밖에 연관성을 갖는 존재
① news media take advantage of it
① Australia 서부의 사막지대에 사는 원주민들이다.
② it is time for journalists to leave
② 가뭄의 위협에 의해 형성된 문화를 가지고 있다.
③ it is due to the effort of journalists
③ 비를 만드는 존재에 대한 의식에 참여한다.
④ our hope for peace is being realized
④ 숙영지 근처에 두 개의 기우의 더미를 쌓는다.
⑤ we can finally dream of better future
⑤ 팔을 찔러서 비를 상징하는 피를 더미위에 뿌린다.
178 다음 글의 제목으로 적절한 것은?
|15강 2|
To a large extent, the success of an organization requires an atmosphere in which there is a free flow of information — upward, downward, and horizontally. At the workplace,
176 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|14강 8|
the primary goal is getting things done. For this, instructions, guidelines, supervision, monitoring, and periodic reporting are
Without there could be no science of
usually considered enough. But if the company wishes to achieve
any kind. An individual is only itself and cannot explain
more than the set task, a real involvement of all employees, from
anything else. It cannot even explain itself! Even though
the highest to the lowest levels, is required. This cooperation can
a medical doctor applies her general knowledge to a
only be secured by allowing every level of employee to suggest
particular patient, she must know what is common to all
ideas, express their views, and share their experiences. Such a
possible cases of the same type. Imagine she spent four
system of communication can only be established within the
years in her medical school studying one and only one
organization by the manager. In fact, the manager functions as the
patient. She would be fine if the only patient she ever
point of intersection for all communication channels. One of the
had to treat were that one case. But imagine what would
most important concerns of the manager is to organize and ensure
happen as soon as a different patient walked into her
an effective information system across the organization.
office. She would be totally helpless in dealing with the new body and would either have to give up her practice or return to medical school to learn about other cases. ① certainty
② universality
④ knowledge
⑤ research
058
③ creativity
① Secret of Success : Be As Cooperative As Possible ② Want To Achieve Something? Get An Active Attitude ③ Cooperation : Key To Successful Group Performance ④ Factors Affecting Successful Communication System ⑤ Role of Manager : Ensuring Effective Communication
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E 모든 변형문제
179 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 적절한 것은?
|15강 3|
Mass communications require technology. Today, many forms of mass communications rely on electronics. (A) While many scholars today believe that movable type originated in China about 600 years earlier, Gutenberg did popularize it in Europe. Movable type was a significant improvement over earlier forms of bookmaking, which involved either handwritten manuscripts or the use of carved woodblocks.
180 다음 글의 주제로 적절한 것은?
|15강 4|
Survey data are very easy to collect, and tremendous numbers of psychological studies rely on the self-reports of individuals. However, surveys can have important drawbacks. For example, people can say whatever they want on a survey, so you may not capture their true thoughts or behavior. Sometimes researchers ask the same questions in different forms in order to detect when people might not be giving truthful answers or may be answering without reading the questions carefully. In addition, surveys often depend on our
(B) H o w e v e r, t h e f i r s t i m p o r t a n t e v e n t i n m a s s
ability to accurately remember our past or recent experiences,
communications was movable type and the printing
and studies have shown that people are not very accurate in
press, which was originally operated by hand. The
recalling when events occurred. People’s answers are also
German printer Johannes Gutenberg often is credited
influenced by how the questions are stated and the order of
with inventing movable type around 1440.
question presentation. Survey methodology is a large specialty
(C) Movable type made printing faster and easier, as a printer could quickly set up lines of type and quickly print documents. This new efficiency in printing reduced the cost of printing documents and the cost of the documents themselves. When books became less expensive, more people could buy books. ① (A) – (C) – (B)
② (B) – (A) – (C)
④ (C) – (A) – (B)
⑤ (C) – (B) – (A)
area within psychology and provides important descriptive information about people’s behavior. ① What Can We Get from Survey Data? ② Ways of Asking Appropriate Questions ③ Survey Methodology : Key To Psychology ④ Why Are People Dishonest to Others?
③ (B) – (C) – (A)
⑤ Does Survey Data Have Reliability?
181 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 적절한 것은?
|15강 5|
Social activities affect psychology indirectly by serving as models to imitate. The manner in which parents treat each other is a model that children use in interacting with people. Gender images in the media are another indirect social influence on psychology. These images present activities as images or models that viewers utilize in fashioning psychological phenomena. Viewers of the media are not directly forced to act in particular ways by these images; they are not even directly told that they should act in those stereotypical ways or threatened with punishment if they do not. Rather, the images serve as models that viewers strive to imitate. The more pervasive a particular model is — in advertisements, television programs, movies, magazine articles, educational materials — the more influence it has. People do not freely choose the models they adopt. Their choices are influenced by the of the model and also its agreement with their role in activities.
E 모든 변형문제
*pervasive 널리 퍼져있는
① worthlessness
② righteousness
④ voluntariness
⑤ defectiveness
수능특강 영어 편
③ pervasiveness
059
E 모든 변형문제
182 다음 글의 요지로 적절한 것은?
|15강 6|
183 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 적절한 것은?
|15강 7|
The term fact is normally reserved for an observation
The replacement theory holds that new information
or explanation that is absolutely true. But no scientist
entering the memory replaces old information already
would claim that anything is absolutely true. At most,
stored. Studies that support this theory show that misleading
they would claim that the preponderance of evidence
information replaces the original memories of people.
points to the truth of the observation or explanation. Even a simple observation statement like “The ball I
(A) Those in the other group were not asked leading questions and therefore remembered seeing the stop
threw hit the ground” is not absolutely true, because one
sign. When both groups were later gathered together,
can never be sure that the observation is not the result
they were told the purpose behind the experiment and
of an illusion. How many times have you seen a pretty
asked to guess if they thought they had been part of the
young woman sliced in two on a stage without calling
group that was misled.
the police? If “seeing is believing,” you should have called the police to report the senseless crime committed
(B) For instance, one study showed pictures of a car accident
by the magician. But observations are theory-laden: You
to two groups of people. In one group, the researchers
need an appropriate theoretical background in order to
asked leading questions to make the people think they
observe what your eyes see. When you see a magic show,
had seen a yield sign, when the picture had actually
you are observing within the theoretical framework
shown a stop sign.
of entertainment by illusion, in which what you see is almost certainly not what it appears to be. A person
(C) Nearly everyone in the group that was misled claimed that they had truly seen the yield sign and were not
who knew nothing of magic would almost certainly be horrified by the illusion.
deceived. This led researchers to conclude that the
*preponderance (수적인) 우세
① 과학자가 사실을 증명하는 것을 불가능하다. ② 관찰은 이론을 토대로 할 때 이해할 수 있다. ③ 관찰을 통해 속임수를 증명하는 것이 가능하다.
implanted memory replaced the actual one. ① (A) – (C) – (B)
② (B) – (A) – (C)
④ (C) – (A) – (B)
⑤ (C) – (B) – (A)
④ 이론은 관찰을 통해 사실로 증명될 수 있다. ⑤ 마술쇼를 이해하지 못하면 공포를 느낄 수 있다.
060
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③ (B) – (C) – (A)
E 모든 변형문제
184 다음 글의 주제로 적절한 것은?
|15강 8|
186 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 적절한 것은?
|15강 2|
An advantage of profiling your audience is considering
To a large extent, the success of an organization
the possibility of a secondary audience. For example, let’s
requires an atmosphere in which there is a free flow of
say you start to write an e-mail to your supervisor, Sheila,
information — upward, downward, and horizontally. At
describing a problem you are having. Halfway through
the workplace, the primary goal is getting things done.
the message you realize that Sheila will probably forward
For this, instructions, guidelines, supervision, monitoring,
this message to her boss, the vice president. Sheila will
and periodic reporting are usually considered enough.
not want to summarize what you said; instead she will
But if the company wishes to achieve more than the
take the easy route and merely forward your e-mail.
set task, a real involvement of all employees, from the
When you realize that the vice president will probably
highest to the lowest levels, is required. This cooperation
see this message, you decide to back up and use a more
can only be secured by allowing every level of employee
formal tone. You remove your inquiry about Sheila’s
to suggest ideas, express their views, and share their
family, you reduce your complaints, and you tone down
experiences. Such a system of communication can only
your language about why things went wrong. Instead,
be established within the organization by the manager. In
you provide more background information, and you
fact, the manager functions as the point of intersection for
are more specific in identifying items the vice president
all communication channels. One of the most important
might not recognize. Analyzing the task and anticipating
concerns of the manager is to organize and ensure .
the audience will help you adapt your message so that you can create an efficient and effective message. *profile ~의 윤곽을 그리다
① a system of collecting information from outside ② a fair reward system promoting healthy competition
① necessity of analyzing writers when reading
③ an effective information system across the organization
② various factors affecting effectiveness of writing
④ a precise decision making and enforcing procedure
③ importance of considering readers when writing
⑤ an environment free from suppressive environment
④ ways of effectively conveying data and information ⑤ difference between formal tone and informal one
185 다음 주어진 문장이 들어갈 곳으로 적절한 것은?
|15강 1|
The very idea of a “peace correspondent,” on the other hand, sounds strange, even contradictory. All other things being equal, journalists prefer to tell stories about conflict. News is first and foremost about conflict and disorder. ( ① ) Protests, violence, crime, wars, and disasters provide the most natural material for news reports. ( ② ) Journalists become famous and win awards for covering such stories. ( ③ ) Many reporters dream of becoming war correspondents, for this is considered the height of professional accomplishment. ( ④ ) When peace appears to be taking hold in a particular area, it is time for journalists to leave. ( ⑤ ) Understanding that peace and news make strange bedfellows is an important starting point for all that follows.
*strange bedfellow 뜻밖에 연관성을 갖는 존재
E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
061
E 모든 변형문제
187 다음 글의 주제로 적절한 것은?
|15강 3|
(A)
(B)
① For instance
In addition
many forms of mass communications rely on
② Therefore
Moreover
electronics. However, the first important event in mass
③ However
For instance
communications was movable type and the printing
④ Therefore
In addition
press, which was originally operated by hand. The
⑤ For instance
Moreover
Mass communications require technology. Today,
German printer Johannes Gutenberg often is credited with inventing movable type around 1440. While many scholars today believe that movable type originated in China about 600 years earlier, Gutenberg did popularize it in Europe. Movable type was a significant improvement over earlier forms of bookmaking, which involved either handwritten manuscripts or the use of carved woodblocks. Movable type made printing faster and easier, as a printer could quickly set up lines of type and quickly print documents. This new efficiency in printing reduced the cost of printing documents and the cost of the documents themselves. When books became less expensive, more people could buy books.
189 다음 글의 주제로 적절한 것은?
① effects of movable type on mass media ② various types of mass communications
|15강 5|
Social activities affect psychology indirectly by serving
③ achievements of Johannes Gutenberg
as models to imitate. The manner in which parents treat
④ main function of mass communications
each other is a model that children use in interacting
⑤ technological developments in media
with people. Gender images in the media are another indirect social influence on psychology. These images
188 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 바르게 짝지어진 것은?
|15강 4|
Survey data are very easy to collect, and tremendous numbers of psychological studies rely on the self-reports of individuals. However, surveys can have important drawbacks. (A) , people can say whatever they want on a survey, so you may not capture their true thoughts or behavior. Sometimes researchers ask the same questions in different forms in order to detect when people might not be giving truthful answers or may be answering without reading the questions carefully. (B) , surveys often depend on our ability to accurately remember our past or recent experiences, and studies have shown that people are not very accurate in recalling when
present activities as images or models that viewers utilize in fashioning psychological phenomena. Viewers of the media are not directly forced to act in particular ways by these images; they are not even directly told that they should act in those stereotypical ways or threatened with punishment if they do not. Rather, the images serve as models that viewers strive to imitate. The more pervasive a particular model is — in advertisements, television programs, movies, magazine articles, educational materials — the more influence it has. People do not freely choose the models they adopt. Their choices are influenced by the pervasiveness of the model and also its agreement with their role in activities. *pervasive 널리 퍼져있는
events occurred. People’s answers are also influenced by how the questions are stated and the order of
① negative influences of stereotypes in media
question presentation. Survey methodology is a large
② roles of media in influencing people’s behavior
specialty area within psychology and provides important
③ how to overcome threat of media providers
descriptive information about people’s behavior.
④ various factors affecting people’s behavior ⑤ effectiveness of media in persuading people
062
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E 모든 변형문제
190 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 적절한 것은?
|15강 6|
The term fact is normally reserved for an observation
191 다음을 아래와 같이 요약할 때 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 바르게 |15강 7|
짝지어진 것은?
or explanation that is absolutely true. But no scientist
The replacement theory holds that new information
would claim that anything is absolutely true. At most,
entering the memory replaces old information already
they would claim that the preponderance of evidence
stored. Studies that support this theory show that
points to the truth of the observation or explanation.
misleading information replaces the original memories
(A) When you see a magic show, you are observing within the theoretical framework of entertainment by illusion, in which what you see is almost certainly not what it appears to be. A person who knew nothing of magic would almost certainly be horrified by the illusion.
of people. For instance, one study showed pictures of a car accident to two groups of people. In one group, the researchers asked leading questions to make the people think they had seen a yield sign, when the picture had actually shown a stop sign. Those in the other group were not asked leading questions and therefore
(B) If “seeing is believing,” you should have called the
remembered seeing the stop sign. When both groups
police to report the senseless crime committed by the
were later gathered together, they were told the purpose
magician. But observations are theory-laden: You
behind the experiment and asked to guess if they thought
need an appropriate theoretical background in order to
they had been part of the group that was misled. Nearly
observe what your eyes see.
everyone in the group that was misled claimed that they
(C) Even a simple observation statement like “The ball I threw hit the ground” is not absolutely true, because one can never be sure that the observation is not the result
had truly seen the yield sign and were not deceived. This led researchers to conclude that the implanted memory replaced the actual one.
of an illusion. How many times have you seen a pretty young woman sliced in two on a stage without calling the police?
*preponderance (수적인) 우세
① (A) – (C) – (B)
② (B) – (A) – (C)
④ (C) – (A) – (B)
⑤ (C) – (B) – (A)
③ (B) – (C) – (A)
The replacement theory explains that (A) new information like questions intended to lead people to react certain way can (B) their memories of actual occurrence. (A)
E 모든 변형문제
(B)
① deleting
secure
② instilling
change
③ conserving
delete
④ conserving
change
⑤ instilling
secure
수능특강 영어 편
063
E 모든 변형문제
192 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 적절한 것은?
|15강 8|
An advantage of profiling your audience is considering the possibility of a secondary audience. For example,
16강
193 다음 주어진 문장이 들어갈 곳으로 적절한 것은?
|16강 1|
let’s say you start to write an e-mail to your supervisor,
Besides testing for competence, the licensing authority
Sheila, describing a problem you are having.
also provides the licensee with a set of rules to follow to
(A) Instead, you provide more background information,
keep the license.
and you are more specific in identifying items the vice president might not recognize. Analyzing the task and anticipating the audience will help you adapt your message so that you can create an efficient and effective message. (B) When you realize that the vice president will probably see this message, you decide to back up and use a more formal tone. You remove your inquiry about Sheila’s family, you reduce your complaints, and you tone down your language about why things went wrong.
Licensing grants individuals formal or legal permission to practice their profession. Licenses are granted by states or even local agencies. ( ① ) Before a license is issued, certain formalities must be accomplished; for example, testing the applicant’s knowledge and skills required. ( ② ) If such a test is not passed, the licensing authority may deny issuing the license. ( ③ ) If the rules are violated, the authority may have the right to sanction the licensee or recall the license. ( ④ ) Clearly a license is a privilege, not a right, and if licensees want to maintain
will probably forward this message to her boss, the vice
that privilege, they must follow the prescribed code. ( ⑤ ) Licenses are used as both control and educating
president. Sheila will not want to summarize what you
instruments to enforce rules, laws, and certain society
said; instead she will take the easy route and merely
norms.
(C) Halfway through the message you realize that Sheila
forward your e-mail. ① (A) – (C) – (B)
② (B) – (A) – (C)
④ (C) – (A) – (B)
⑤ (C) – (B) – (A)
064
③ (B) – (C) – (A)
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*sanction 제재를 가하다
E 모든 변형문제
194 다음 글의 제목으로 적절한 것은?
|16강 2|
196 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 적절한 것은?
|16강 4|
In European cultures, the trend in food habits had
In 1990, researchers moved to Vietnam to set up a
always been towards sophistication in food preparation
programme to fight child malnutrition in poor rural
and consumption. In contrast to the European cultures,
villages. While conducting surveys to understand the
developments in early American food habits have been
scope of the issue, they grew curious about the handful
more towards simplification of meal preparation methods
of children who, despite coming from families as poor
rather than sophistication and expansion. The European
as all the others, were perfectly healthy — the positive
food habits of the 18th and 19th centuries were driven by
deviants.
the sophistication in cooking arts advanced by the chefs. In contrast, American food habits of the 18th and 19th centuries were driven by simplicity in preparation and efficiency in mass production. This was the reflection of the political system of the land. In early Europe,
(A) What were these families doing differently? If they could discover behaviours that enabled even the most materially deprived parents to raise healthy children, the implications would be tremendous.
the political systems were feudalistic and ruled by the
(B) They found that all the parents of the positive deviants for
royal families. Here spending money on luxury goods
some reason collected tiny pieces of shell from crabs and
to publicly display economic power was a norm and
shrimp from rice fields and added them to their children’s
expected. The democratic political system of America did
diet, along with the greens from sweet potato tops.
not encourage indulgence in excessive food consumption by their national leaders since it symbolized concentration of power.
*feudalistic 봉건 제도의 **indulgence 사치, 도락
though free and available to anyone for the taking, were commonly considered to be inappropriate if not dangerous for children, and so were generally excluded
① Who Owns Lands Means Who Owns Power!
from their diets.
② Effects Of Foods On Forming Political System ③ Different Foods In Different Political Bowls ④ Luxury or Simple, Which Is Appropriate? ⑤ Moral Standard For Political Righteousness
195 다음 주어진 글이 들어갈 곳으로 적절한 것은?
(C) None of the other families did. Both these ingredients,
*deviant 일탈자, 괴짜
① (A) – (C) – (B)
② (B) – (A) – (C)
④ (C) – (A) – (B)
⑤ (C) – (B) – (A)
③ (B) – (C) – (A)
|16강 3|
The properties of those substances — properties such as darkness and softness and clearness and hardness — are not properties of the carbon atoms, but rather they are properties of the collection of carbon atoms. Carbon atoms have particular, knowable physical and chemical properties. ( ① ) But the atoms can be combined in different ways to make, say, black lead or diamond. ( ② ) Moreover, which particular properties the collection of atoms has depends entirely on how they are assembled — into sheets or pyramids. ( ③ ) The properties arise because of the connections between the parts. ( ④ ) I think grasping this insight is crucial for a proper scientific perspective on the world. ( ⑤ ) You could know everything about isolated neurons but not be able to say how memory works, or where desire originates.
*sheet 판상 구조
E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
065
E 모든 변형문제
197 다음 글의 주제로 적절한 것은?
|16강 1|
199 다음 글의 요지로 적절한 것은?
|16강 3|
Licensing grants individuals formal or legal permission
Carbon atoms have particular, knowable physical and
to practice their profession. Licenses are granted by states
chemical properties. But the atoms can be combined
or even local agencies. Before a license is issued, certain
in different ways to make, say, black lead or diamond.
formalities must be accomplished; for example, testing
The properties of those substances — properties such
the applicant’s knowledge and skills required. If such a
as darkness and softness and clearness and hardness
test is not passed, the licensing authority may deny issuing
— are not properties of the carbon atoms, but rather
the license. Besides testing for competence, the licensing
they are properties of the collection of carbon atoms.
authority also provides the licensee with a set of rules to
Moreover, which particular properties the collection of
follow to keep the license. If the rules are violated, the
atoms has depends entirely on how they are assembled
authority may have the right to sanction the licensee or
— into sheets or pyramids. The properties arise because
recall the license. Clearly a license is a privilege, not a
of the connections between the parts. I think grasping
right, and if licensees want to maintain that privilege, they
this insight is crucial for a proper scientific perspective
must follow the prescribed code. Licenses are used as both
on the world. You could know everything about isolated
control and educating instruments to enforce rules, laws,
neurons but not be able to say how memory works, or
and certain society norms.
where desire originates.
*sanction 제재를 가하다
① roles and functions of licensing
① You can’t make an omelet without breaking an egg.
② pros and cons about licensing
② A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.
③ factors affecting granting license
③ Do to others as you would have them do to you.
④ importance of regulation in society
④ The whole is greater than the sum of its parts.
⑤ various means of enforcing rules
⑤ One man’s meat can be another man’s poison.
198 다음 주어진 문장이 들어갈 곳으로 적절한 것은?
|16강 2|
This was the reflection of the political system of the land.
200 다음 중 어법상 틀린 것은?
|16강 4|
In 1990, researchers moved to Vietnam to set up a always been towards sophistication in food preparation
programme to fight child malnutrition in poor rural villages. While ① conducting surveys to understand the
and consumption. In contrast to the European cultures,
scope of the issue, they grew curious about the handful
developments in early American food habits have been
of children who, despite coming from families as poor
more towards simplification of meal preparation methods rather than sophistication and expansion. ( ① ) The
as all the others, were perfectly healthy — the positive deviants. What ② were these families doing differently?
European food habits of the 18th and 19th centuries were
If they could discover behaviours that enabled even the most materially ③ deprived parents to raise healthy
In European cultures, the trend in food habits had
driven by the sophistication in cooking arts advanced by the chefs. ( ② ) In contrast, American food habits of the 18th
children, the implications would be tremendous. They
and 19th centuries were driven by simplicity in preparation and efficiency in mass production. ( ③ ) In early Europe,
found that all the parents of the positive deviants for some reason ④ collecting tiny pieces of shell from
the political systems were feudalistic and ruled by the royal families. ( ④ ) Here spending money on luxury goods to
crabs and shrimp from rice fields and added them to
publicly display economic power was a norm and expected. ( ⑤ ) The democratic political system of America did not
potato tops. None of the other families did. Both these
their children’s diet, along with the greens from sweet
encourage indulgence in excessive food consumption by
ingredients, though free and available to anyone for the taking, were commonly considered ⑤ to be inappropriate
their national leaders since it symbolized concentration of
if not dangerous for children, and so were generally
power.
excluded from their diets.
066
*feudalistic 봉건 제도의 **indulgence 사치, 도락
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E 모든 변형문제
204 다음 어휘의 쓰임이 어색한 것은?
17강 |17강 1|
[201~203] 다음을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.
|17강 3|
The utter chaos Mother Nature imposes during the storm may appear as destruction and ① violence on
(A)
the exterior; however, the experience eventually brings
Golf is probably the best example of what I mean. When golfers step up to hit a golf shot, ① they know
pruning and rebalance into our natural world. The trees
that, generally speaking, the closer to the hole, the better the result. They also know that the faster the club head is moving when they hit the ball, the further the ball will fly. (B) Professionals don’t think about hitting the ball as far as possible; they think about getting the process right. They think about the way they stand, the swing, the rhythm, and ② their own routine. They don’t seek to hit the ball hard; they try to hit it correctly. The irony here is that, as a result, they hit the ball a long way and with great control.
in these storms have taught me much about the human soul. It is not whether suffering, loss, disappointment, and ② disease come into our lives, but it is when they show up. I have found that, like the trees on our farm, we all have the capacity to ③ avoid the storms of our lives when we are deeply rooted and can emerge transformed. The crucial element for us to remember is not to fear the magnitude of the storm, but to ④ trust that we have cultivated the roots that anchor and sustain us in the face of the events of our lives. The reason to cultivate this essential rootedness is not merely to survive, but to create an incredibly ⑤ prosperous balanced life rooted in true happiness.
(C) This is where the professional and amateur often take a different approach. Amateurs will try to hit the ball as hard as possible in order to go as far as possible. ③ They focus on the result of hitting the ball a long way. When they do this, they often mis-hit the ball or lose control. (D) So why doesn’t every golfer just do this? Good question. The reason, I believe, is that no matter what ④ they do, they get a result. The ball moves closer to the hole — maybe not as close as it could be or in as good a position, but a result nonetheless. And most of ⑤ them are happy with this, which is precisely why they are amateurs!
201 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 적절한 것은? ① (B) – (D) – (C)
② (C) – (B) – (D)
④ (D) – (B) – (C)
⑤ (D) – (C) – (B)
③ (C) – (D) – (B)
202 위 글의 (a)~(e) 중에서 가리키는 바가 다른 하나는? ① (a)
② (b)
③ (c)
④ (d)
⑤ (e)
203 위 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은? ① 골프는 공이 홀에 더 가까울수록 결과가 좋은 게임이다. ② 아마추어들은 최대한 골프공을 세게 치려고 노력한다. ③ 프로는 자신들의 습관에도 관심을 갖는다. ④ 프로는 과정에 집중하여 공을 올바르게 치려고 한다. ⑤ 아마추어는 자신이 얻은 결과에 불만족할 수밖에 없다. E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
067
E 모든 변형문제
|17강 5|
[205~206] 다음을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.
207 다음 글의 빈칸에 들어갈 가장 적절한 것은?
|17강 7|
Trust is simply a bet, and like all bets, it contains an
(A) In an effort to examine closely the influence of teachers’ beliefs about the nature of science on their classroom practice, Professor Nancy W. Brickhouse conducted extensive interviews with three science teachers. (B)
element of risk. Yet risk is something most of us could do without. Decades of research have shown time and again that humans are generally risk-averse when it comes to making decisions, and with good reason. Then why do we take the risk of trusting others? The short answer is that we have to. The potential benefits from trusting others
He also perceived scientific processes as inductive,
considerably outweigh the potential losses on average.
and therefore, lab instruction included precise procedures
The ever-increasing complexity and resources of human
to acquire the “right” answer. Viewing science as an
society — its technological advancement, interconnected
accumulation of knowledge, students were told “every
social capital, and rapidly growing economic resources
experiment from this page on proves the rest of the
— all depend on trust and cooperation. Each person,
chapter, each and every one of them.”
each link in the chain, has a small but central role to play, and each relies on to do their jobs . Everyone has to trust
(C)
the others to do their jobs and do them well if the joint
The second teacher, on the other hand, thought of theories as tools to solve problems and, therefore, students used theories to explain observations and to resolve problems. The third teacher viewed science as the accumulation of knowledge, which was a position clearly reflected in classroom instruction regarding the development of atomic theory. (D) In the interviews, the first teacher viewed theories
venture is to succeed.
① the trustworthiness of the others ② individual roles and responsibilities ③ running the risk of working ④ how to learn to fulfill our potential ⑤ trusting yourself
208 다음 중 어법상 어색한 것은?
as truths uncovered through rigid experimentation, and, not surprisingly, the intent of instruction in this classroom was for students to learn the “truth.” Students’ performance in science activities was evaluated solely by
*risk-averse 위험을 회피하는
|17강 7|
Trust is simply a bet, and like all bets, it contains an element of risk. Yet risk is something that most of us could do without. Decades of research ① have shown
the outcome of the activity, not on the process.
time and again that humans are generally risk-averse when it comes to ② making decisions, and with good
205 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 적절한 것은?
reason. Then why do we take the risk of trusting others? The short answer is ③ what we have to. The potential
① (B) – (D) – (C)
② (C) – (B) – (D)
④ (D) – (B) – (C)
⑤ (D) – (C) – (B)
③ (C) – (D) – (B)
benefits from trusting others considerably outweigh the potential losses on average. The ever-increasing complexity and resources of human society — its technological advancement, interconnected social capital, and rapidly growing economic resources — all ④ depend
206 위 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은? ① 첫 번째 교사는 과정이 아닌 결과만을 중시했다. ② 첫 번째 교사는 옳은 답을 얻기 위한 정확한 절차를 제외했다 ③ 두 번째 교사는 이론을 문제를 해결하기 위한 도구로 여겼다. ④ 세 번째 교사는 과학을 지식의 축적으로 간주했다. ⑤ Brickhouse는 교사가 가진 철학이 수업에 영향을 미친다고 결론
on trust and cooperation. Each person, each link in the chain, has a small but central role to play, and each relies on the trustworthiness of the others to do their jobs. Everyone has to trust the others to do their jobs and do them well if the joint venture is ⑤ to succeed. *risk-averse 위험을 회피하는
지었다.
068
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E 모든 변형문제
|17강 3|
[209~210] 다음을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.
|17강 7|
[211~213] 다음을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.
(A)
(A)
After living at Oak Haven for many years, I have
Trust is simply a bet, and like all bets, it contains an
acquired great respect for and dread of the sudden shock
element of risk. Yet risk is something most of us could do
of a violent thunderstorm as (a) it rips through our farm
without. Decades of research have shown time and again
on a hot and humid summer afternoon. Rooted deep in
that humans are (a) generally risk-averse when it comes
the earth, the strong trunks of the great old trees hold
to making decisions, and with good reason. Then why do
steady, while (b) their branches express flexibility,
we take the risk of trusting others?
yielding with humility to the wind and the rain.
(B) Picture for a moment the familiar scene of a NASA
(B) It is not whether suffering, loss, disappointment, and disease come into our lives, but it is when they show up. I have found that, like the trees on our farm, we all have the capacity to weather (c) them of our lives when we are deeply rooted and can emerge transformed.
mission control during any shuttle launch or space-probe landing. It’s a room filled with individuals, each bending over in front of a computer screen, working in (b) concert to achieve what no single one of them could do alone. Each person, each link in the chain, has a small but central role to play, and each relies on the trustworthiness
(C)
of the others to do their jobs.
The crucial element for us to remember is not to fear the magnitude of (d) it, but to trust that we have cultivated the roots that anchor and sustain us in the face of the events of our lives. The reason to cultivate this essential rootedness is not merely to survive, but to create an incredibly prosperous balanced life rooted in true happiness.
(C) The short answer is that we have to. The potential benefits from trusting others considerably the potential losses on average. The ever-increasing complexity and resources of human society — its technological advancement, interconnected social capital, and rapidly growing economic resources — all depend on trust and (c) cooperation.
(D) The utter chaos Mother Nature imposes during (e) it may appear as destruction and violence on the exterior; however, the experience eventually brings pruning and rebalance into our natural world. The trees in these storms have taught me much about the human soul. *pruning 가지치기 **magnitude (엄청난) 규모
(D) If a single individual (d) fails to notice an important data point — whether it involves the pressure in a tank or atmospheric conditions or the heart rate of an astronaut — the whole enterprise can be in danger. Everyone has to trust the others to do their jobs and do them well if the joint venture is to (e) fail.
209 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 적절한 것은? ① (B) – (D) – (C)
② (C) – (B) – (D)
④ (D) – (B) – (C)
⑤ (D) – (C) – (B)
*risk-averse 위험을 회피하는
211 위 글 (A)에 이어질 글의 순서로 적절한 것은?
③ (C) – (D) – (B)
① (B) – (D) – (C)
② (C) – (B) – (D)
④ (D) – (B) – (C)
⑤ (D) – (C) – (B)
③ (C) – (D) – (B)
212 위 글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 적절한 것은? 210 위 글의 (a)~(e) 중에서 가리키는 바가 다른 하나는? ① (a)
② (b)
③ (c)
④ (d)
⑤ (e)
① draw
② outweigh
④ create
⑤ rely on
③ suggest
213 위 글의 (a)~(e) 중에서 어휘의 쓰임이 어색한 것은? ① (a) E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
② (b)
③ (c)
④ (d)
⑤ (e)
069
E 모든 변형문제
216 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
19강
214 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 적절한 것은?
|19강 1|
|19강 3|
Ohio State University football coach Woody Hayes once visited the troops in Vietnam to raise their morale. During
In days of old there was a nobleman traveling in
one stop, he spoke to the troops, then asked if there was
Edinburgh, Scotland, who was approached by a little
anyone from Ohio who was not able to be present because
poor boy begging for money.
of duty. After finding out that an Ohio soldier was on guard
(A) The boy approached him again, and put the change he had obtained into his hand, counting it with great exactness. The nobleman was so pleased with the child’s honesty that he placed him in school, with the assurance of providing for him.
duty in an unsafe zone, Mr. Hayes insisted that a helicopter take him to the soldier, where he attempted to autograph a photograph for the soldier, but discovered that his only pen was out of ink. He told the soldier, “Come see me when you get home and I’ll finish signing the picture.” Three years later, the ex-soldier was attending the Ohio State
(B) On his return, he could not find the man and in fact
University. When he went to Mr. Hayes’ office, the coach
watched for several days in the place where he had
wasn’t there, but the ex-soldier did leave his telephone
received the money. Some time later, the nobleman
number. After attending classes, he went home and found
happened again to pass that way.
Mr. Hayes waiting for him. Mr. Hayes finished signing
(C) The man told the child he had no loose change, so the boy offered to go get change. The nobleman, in order to get rid of the young pest, gave the boy a piece of silver, and the boy ran off to get change. ① (A) – (C) – (B) ② (B) – (A) – (C) ④ (C) – (A) – (B)
③ (B) – (C) – (A)
⑤ (C) – (B) – (A)
the photograph, then stayed for a dinner of macaroni and cheese with the ex-soldier and his wife. ① Promise Kept Finally After Long Time ② Respect Veterans With Sincere Heart ③ Out Of Frying Fan Into The Fire! ④ Important Engagement That Is Missed ⑤ Patience : Key To Success of Life!
215 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적 절한 곳은?
|19강 2|
In 1854 her literary career began with the publication of Poems on Miscellaneous Subjects printed in Boston and Philadelphia. Frances E. W. Harper was born to free parents on September 24, 1825. (①) She attended William Watkins Academy for Negro Youth, founded by her uncle in Baltimore, Maryland. (②) Harper became a teacher for Union Seminary in 1850. (③) The work was reprinted several times and included poems such as “The Slave Mother” and “The Slave Auction” along with other poems that focused on women’s issues and other issues of the time. (④) Harper went on to write other dramatic poems, the serialized novel Minnie’s Sacrifice, and other essays. (⑤) In 1892 Harper published her best-known novel, Iola Leroy, or, Shadows Uplifted, which focused on the issues of slavery and Reconstruction and promoted racial pride among African Americans.
070
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E 모든 변형문제
217 다음 글의 빈칸 (A)와 (B)에 들어갈 말로 바르게 짝지어진
219 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?
|19강 4|
|19강 2|
것은?
When Gary Paulsen wrote his novel Hatchet, about a young boy who finds himself alone in the wilderness with only a hatchet when the person piloting the small plane he is in dies of a heart attack, he wanted the novel to be as realistic as possible. (A) , whatever the hero, Brian, experiences in the novel, Mr. Paulsen also
Frances E. W. Harper was born to free parents on September 24, 1825. (A) The work was reprinted several times and included poems such as “The Slave Mother” and “The Slave Auction” along with other poems that focused on
set out to experience in real life. In doing this, he was
women’s issues and other issues of the time. Harper
remarkably successful, even creating fire using a hatchet and a stone. (B) , he experienced a great deal of
went on to write other dramatic poems, the serialized novel Minnie’s Sacrifice, and other essays.
frustration when he attempted to eat turtle eggs. The eggs
(B) In 1892 Harper published her best-known novel, Iola
so nauseated him that he vomited, despite three brave
Leroy, or, Shadows Uplifted, which focused on the
attempts to eat them. Despite his lack of success in eating
issues of slavery and Reconstruction and promoted
the turtle eggs, Mr. Paulsen decided to leave the egg-eating
racial pride among African Americans.
scene in his novel — he figured that Brian would be so hungry that he would be able to eat the eggs and not vomit. (A)
(C) She attended William Watkins Academy for Negro Youth, founded by her uncle in Baltimore, Maryland. Harper became a teacher for Union Seminary in 1850.
(B)
In 1854 her literary career began with the publication of
① Therefore
For instance
② However
Therefore
③ For example
However
④ Therefore
However
① (A) – (C) – (B)
② (B) – (A) – (C)
⑤ However
For instance
④ (C) – (A) – (B)
⑤ (C) – (B) – (A)
218 다음 글의 요지로 적절한 것은?
Poems on Miscellaneous Subjects printed in Boston and Philadelphia. ③ (B) – (C) – (A)
|19강 1|
In days of old there was a nobleman traveling in Edinburgh, Scotland, who was approached by a little poor boy begging for money. The man told the child he had no loose change, so the boy offered to go get change. The nobleman, in order to get rid of the young pest, gave the boy a piece of silver, and the boy ran off to get change. On his return, he could not find the man and in fact watched for several days in the place where he had received the money. Some time later, the nobleman happened again to pass that way. The boy approached him again, and put the change he had obtained into his hand, counting it with great exactness. The nobleman was so pleased with the child’s honesty that he placed him in school, with the assurance of providing for him. ① Look before you leap. ② Make hay while the sun shines. ③ A swallow can’t make summer. ④ Honesty is the best policy. ⑤ Better late than never. E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
071
E 모든 변형문제
220 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장
20강
|19강 3|
적절한 곳은?
Three years later, the ex-soldier was attending the Ohio
222 다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?
|20강 1|
It seems as though the first philosophical question is
State University.
the question of what constitutes the universe; that is, Ohio State University football coach Woody Hayes
the question of what everything is made of. In asking
once visited the troops in Vietnam to raise their morale. ( ① ) During one stop, he spoke to the troops, then
this question humanity began the process of separating
asked if there was anyone from Ohio who was not able to be present because of duty. ( ② ) After finding out
way, the universe becomes for the first time an object of
that an Ohio soldier was on guard duty in an unsafe
to most accounts, the first person to systematically pursue
zone, Mr. Hayes insisted that a helicopter take him to the
answers to this type of question was Thales of Miletus,
soldier, where he attempted to autograph a photograph
a pre-Socratic Greek philosopher. Thales speculated that
for the soldier, but discovered that his only pen was out of ink. ( ③ ) He told the soldier, “Come see me when
the universe was fundamentally (despite appearances)
you get home and I’ll finish signing the picture.” ( ④ )
might initially sound. Water, as we now know, is essential
When he went to Mr. Hayes’ office, the coach wasn’t
for all complex forms of life to exist, and for someone
there, but the ex-soldier did leave his telephone number. ( ⑤ ) After attending classes, he went home and found
living by the sea this is a pretty intelligent first step
Mr. Hayes waiting for him. Mr. Hayes finished signing
*speculation 성찰 **benign 좋은
the photograph, then stayed for a dinner of macaroni and cheese with the ex-soldier and his wife.
itself out from its magical absorption in things. In this speculation and benign intellectual curiosity. According
made out of water. This is not as silly a speculation as it
towards what we now refer to as the science of biology.
① history of Greek philosophy and its effect on biology ② importance of Thales in understanding the universe
221 다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?
|19강 4|
When Gary Paulsen wrote his novel Hatchet, about a young boy who finds himself alone in the wilderness
③ contributions of intelligence on science of biology ④ characteristics of pre-Socratic Greek philosophy ⑤ early speculations about what constitutes our world
with only a hatchet when the person piloting the small plane he is in dies of a heart attack, he wanted the novel to be as realistic as possible. Therefore, whatever the hero, Brian, experiences in the novel, Mr. Paulsen also set out to experience in real life. In doing this, he was remarkably successful, even creating fire using a hatchet and a stone. However, he experienced a great deal of frustration when he attempted to eat turtle eggs. The eggs so nauseated him that he vomited, despite three brave attempts to eat them. Despite his lack of success in eating the turtle eggs, Mr. Paulsen decided to leave the egg-eating scene in his novel — he figured that Brian would be so hungry that he would be able to eat the eggs and not vomit. ① effort of a writer to make his work realistic ② difficulties writers have in writing their works ③ importance of direct experience when learning ④ attempt to feel empathy in communication ⑤ necessity of experience when delivering messages
072
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E 모든 변형문제
223 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 곳은?
|20강 2|
We’re not talking hero worship here, however, and all of the individuals named above have their imperfections. The past supplies models for our behavior. ( ① )
(A)
(B)
(C)
① which
each
grow
② which
each is
grow
③ in which
each
growing
④ in which
each is
growing
⑤ in which
each
grow
From the sagas of Lewis and Clark, Laura Ingalls Wilder, Helen Keller, Rachel Carson, and a thousand others, students can draw inspiration, courage, and sometimes still-relevant causes. ( ② ) Present them whole. ( ③ ) Instead of suggesting heroes as models, suggest heroic actions. ( ④ ) Typically people perform heroically at a key moment, not so heroically at other moments. ( ⑤ ) Students need to do accurate history, coupled with historiography, to sort out in which ways their role models are worth following. Recognizing the good and not so good elements within historical individuals can also make it easier to accept that societies also contain the good and not so good. *saga 모험담, 영웅담 **historiography 역사 기록학
224 다음 중 어법상 적절한 것으로 바르게 짝지어진 것은? |20강 3|
Culture is the primary factor affecting the way (A)
225 다음 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않은 것은?
|20강 4|
[which / in which] man responds to the environment,
Ethical leaders do not simply follow the rules when
and since there is a wide variety of cultures, there is a wide variety of cultural responses, even to the same
an ethical situation arises. They are constantly and proactively looking for opportunities to ① develop
environment. For example, in the Fijian Islands of
personal projects that align with and express their ethical
the Pacific, two distinct cultures can be identified, (B) [each / each is] with a different relationship
commitments. For example, I know of one student leader who decided to stop saying the word “try.” He ②
with the environment. On the one hand, there is the
avoided telling his friends that he would “try” to get to
old Melanesian culture whose members utilise the environment to grow a small range of subsistence crops
their game or event, because he was concerned that if he did not show up he was ③ deceiving his friends. Keeping
and whose wants are very limited. In contrast, there are
his promises was important to this student, and he
the new Melanesians, largely Indian immigrants, who have a much more Westernised view of the environment,
developed a personal project to always keep his promises and to ④ allow making a promise he thought he might
(C) [grow / growing] cash crops such as sugar cane
not be able to keep. Indeed, there is a growing body of
for export. Similar contrasts can be found throughout
research suggesting that ethical leaders have developed
the world, between Chinese and Malay in Malaysia, African and European in Kenya, and Indian and Latino in
the capacity to critically reflect on past ethical decisions, and ⑤ self-regulate their future behaviors based on that
Mexico.
critical assessment.
*subsistence 생계
E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
*proactively 사전 대비적으로
073
E 모든 변형문제
226 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 적절한 것은?
|20강 1|
228 다음 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지
the question of what constitutes the universe; that is, the question of what everything is made of. (A) According to most accounts, the first person to systematically pursue answers to this type of question was Thales of Miletus, a pre-Socratic Greek philosopher. Thales speculated that the universe was fundamentally (despite appearances) made out of water.
Culture is the primary factor affecting the way in which man ① responds to the environment, and since there is a wide variety of cultures, there is a wide variety of cultural responses, even to the ② same environment. For example, in the Fijian Islands of the Pacific, two distinct cultures can be identified, each with a ③ different relationship with the environment. On the one hand, there is the old Melanesian culture whose members utilise the
(B) In asking this question humanity began the process of separating itself out from its magical absorption in things.
environment to grow a small range of subsistence crops and whose wants are very ④ limitless. In contrast, there
In this way, the universe becomes for the first time an
are the new Melanesians, largely Indian immigrants, who
object of speculation and benign intellectual curiosity.
have a much more Westernised view of the environment, growing cash crops such as sugar cane for ⑤ export.
(C) This is not as silly a speculation as it might initially sound. Water, as we now know, is essential for all complex forms of life to exist, and for someone living by the sea this is a pretty intelligent first step towards what we now refer to as the science of biology.
Similar contrasts can be found throughout the world, between Chinese and Malay in Malaysia, African and European in Kenya, and Indian and Latino in Mexico. *subsistence 생계
*speculation 성찰 **benign 좋은
① (A) – (C) – (B)
② (B) – (A) – (C)
④ (C) – (A) – (B)
⑤ (C) – (B) – (A)
③ (B) – (C) – (A)
227 다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?
229 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 적절한 것은? |20강 4|
|20강 2|
The past supplies models for our behavior. From the sagas of Lewis and Clark, Laura Ingalls Wilder, Helen Keller, Rachel Carson, and a thousand others, students can draw inspiration, courage, and sometimes stillrelevant causes. We’re not talking hero worship here, however, and all of the individuals named above have
Ethical leaders do not simply follow the rules when an ethical situation arises. They are constantly and proactively looking for opportunities to develop personal projects that align with and express their ethical commitments. (A) Keeping his promises was important to this student, and he developed a personal project to always keep his
their imperfections. Present them whole. Instead of
promises and to avoid making a promise he thought he
suggesting heroes as models, suggest heroic actions. Typically people perform heroically at a key moment, not so heroically at other moments. Students need to do
might not be able to keep. (B) Indeed, there is a growing body of research suggesting that ethical leaders have developed the capacity to
accurate history, coupled with historiography, to sort out
critically reflect on past ethical decisions, and self-
in which ways their role models are worth following.
regulate their future behaviors based on that critical
Recognizing the good and not so good elements within historical individuals can also make it easier to accept that societies also contain the good and not so good.
assessment. (C) For example, I know of one student leader who decided to stop saying the word “try.” He avoided telling his
*saga 모험담, 영웅담 **historiography 역사 기록학
friends that he would “try” to get to their game or event,
① why we should follow heroic actions
because he was concerned that if he did not show up he
② two-sided coin in historical figures ③ necessity of studying human history ④ historical figures worth following ⑤ imperfectness of history study
074
|20강 3|
않은 것은?
It seems as though the first philosophical question is
was deceiving his friends.
*proactively 사전 대비적으로
① (A) – (C) – (B)
② (B) – (A) – (C)
④ (C) – (A) – (B)
⑤ (C) – (B) – (A)
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③ (B) – (C) – (A)
E 모든 변형문제
231 다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?
21강
230 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 적절한 것은? |21강 1|
The principal concern at the beginning of an oil spill is one of public and vessel safety.
|21강 2|
Thinking green about air calls upon each one of us to limit our contributions to air pollution. Some obvious examples of how we can help are to walk, ride a bicycle, or use public transportation instead of driving, whenever possible. Another example is to avoid wasting electricity
(A) Such restrictions and interferences may affect normal operations in the port or harbour, to the extent that the indirect costs could exceed the direct costs associated with any physical damage from collision, explosion or fire, loss of cargo and cleanup.
in our homes. Green air also means ecologically friendly policies for protecting the quality of the air we must breathe. Such policies have been put into practice in many parts of the world with varying degrees of success. In the United States, many programs at the federal and state levels have been created to deal with air quality
(B) Spills that occur in areas where the oil remains confined
problems in need of solutions. Much progress has been
increase the initial risk of fire or explosion. Public and
made in spite of fierce opposition by various industries
vessel safety must be addressed immediately and the
with vested interests in keeping the situation as it is or
necessary actions that are taken to control or manage
even in rolling back environmental protection laws.
potential safety hazards could be economically costly. (C) Areas may need to be closed or access temporarily restricted for vessels, vehicles, and personnel. Operations such as welding, cutting, or other spark-generating activities may need to be restricted or prohibited until the risk of fire hazard no longer exists. ① (A) – (C) – (B)
② (B) – (A) – (C)
④ (C) – (A) – (B)
⑤ (C) – (B) – (A)
* vested interest 기득권
① fight against people who have vested interests ② importance of saving electricity in our homes ③ various efforts to protect the quality of the air ④ necessity of policies that are ecologically friendly ⑤ relationship between air pollution and electricity
③ (B) – (C) – (A)
232 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 곳은?
|21강 3|
My neighbor who insists on playing heavy metal music at all hours also causes a local environmental problem. Many environmental problems are local in scale, and people confronted them before the word ‘environment’ existed. ( ① ) For example, the common practice in medieval Europe of tossing sewage into the street caused an environmental problem that was largely local in scope. ( ② ) Noise is ubiquitous in modern life, and we do not often think of it in this way, but it has many of the hallmarks of a classic pollutant. ( ③ ) It causes people to lose sleep and to stay away from home, and it generally degrades their quality of life. ( ④ ) There is evidence that persistent exposure to high levels of noise can even raise blood pressure and serum cholesterol. ( ⑤ ) Noise pollution can spread out from being a matter of one household affecting another, to being a serious urban problem. *ubiquitous 어디에나 있는 **degrade (질적으로) 저하시키다
E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
075
E 모든 변형문제
233 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|21강 4|
234 다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?
|21강 1|
From a medical standpoint, health is viewed as an
The principal concern at the beginning of an oil spill
attribute of the individual. The fields of medicine
is one of public and vessel safety. Spills that occur in
and public health have traditionally acknowledged and assigned risk to specific
areas where the oil remains confined increase the initial
exposures. In the past decade, biologists, ecologists, and
addressed immediately and the necessary actions that are
physicians have also developed a concept of ecosystem
taken to control or manage potential safety hazards could
health. This idea recognizes that humans are participants
be economically costly. Areas may need to be closed or
in complex ecosystems and that their potential for health
access temporarily restricted for vessels, vehicles, and
is proportional to the health function of those ecosystems.
personnel. Operations such as welding, cutting, or other
An ecosystem-based health perspective takes into account
spark-generating activities may need to be restricted or
the health-related services that the natural environment
prohibited until the risk of fire hazard no longer exists.
provides (e.g., soil production, pollination, and water
Such restrictions and interferences may affect normal
cleansing) and acknowledges the fundamental connection
operations in the port or harbour, to the extent that the
between a healthy environment and human health. An
indirect costs could exceed the direct costs associated
ecosystem health stance is a nonanthropocentric, holistic
with any physical damage from collision, explosion or
world view increasingly shared by biological scientists.
fire, loss of cargo and cleanup.
risk of fire or explosion. Public and vessel safety must be
*pollination 수분, 가루받이 **nonanthropocentric 인간 중심적이 아닌
*welding 용접 **cargo 화물, 뱃짐
① ways to reduce the risk of explosion
① internal causes of health problems
② necessity of public safety regulations
② importance of health specialists
③ harmful effects and danger of an oil spill
③ environmental causes of illness
④ how to deal with environmental issues
④ individual variation of medicine
⑤ controlling latent safety danger
⑤ function of policies on health
235 다음 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
|21강 2|
Thinking green about air calls upon each one of us to limit our contributions to air pollution. Some obvious examples of how we can help ① are to walk, ride a bicycle, or use public transportation instead of driving, whenever possible. Another example is ② to avoid wasting electricity in our homes. Green air also means ecologically friendly policies for protecting the quality of the air we must breathe. Such policies ③ have been put into practice in many parts of the world with varying degrees of success. In the United States, many programs at the federal and state levels ④ have been created to deal with air quality problems in need of solutions. Much progress has been made in spite of fierce opposition by various industries with vested interests in keeping the situation as it ⑤ does or even in rolling back environmental protection laws.
076
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* vested interest 기득권
E 모든 변형문제
236 다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?
|21강 3|
Many environmental problems are local in scale, and people confronted them before the word ‘environment’
22강
238 다음 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
|22강 1|
existed. For example, the common practice in medieval
As the name suggests, the slender mongoose is the
Europe of tossing sewage into the street caused an
thinnest and longest-bodied of the mongoose family and most ① closely resembles a weasel. Colour varies
environmental problem that was largely local in scope. at all hours also causes a local environmental problem.
depending on the habitat, with lighter brown shadings common in large grassy areas and darker browns ②
Noise is ubiquitous in modern life, and we do not often
likely if the animal lives in forests; most though ③ have
think of it in this way, but it has many of the hallmarks
red eyes and a black tip to their long tail. They move with
of a classic pollutant. It causes people to lose sleep and
a rippling motion, and are able to climb up and down
to stay away from home, and it generally degrades their quality of life. There is evidence that persistent exposure
trees with squirrel-like skill, but spend as much time on the ground, ④ where they are able to stand on their hind
to high levels of noise can even raise blood pressure and
legs and watch over long grass for prey or predators. The
serum cholesterol. Noise pollution can spread out from
slender mongoose is an especially playful species, keen
being a matter of one household affecting another, to
on pretend stalking and picking up eggs and other small objects and ⑤ throw them against rocks. They also chase
My neighbor who insists on playing heavy metal music
being a serious urban problem. *ubiquitous 어디에나 있는 **degrade (질적으로) 저하시키다
and play with squirrels and monkeys, apparently simply for the sake of it.
① dealing with local environmental problems
*weasel 족제비 **rippling 물결이 치는 듯한
② harmful effects caused by noise pollution ③ effects of local environmental problems ④ causes of various environmental problems ⑤ difference between noise and other pollutions
237 다음 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
239 다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은? |21강 4|
|22강 2|
Chemical properties are properties that can’t readily
From a medical standpoint, health ① is viewed as
be observed. In order to see if an unknown substance has
an attribute of the individual. The fields of medicine
a particular chemical property it is necessary to try to
and public health have traditionally acknowledged
carry out a chemical reaction on it, which will, of course,
environmental causes of illness and assigned risk
produce a new substance. How something reacts to acid,
to specific exposures. In the past decade, biologists, ecologists, and physicians have also ② developed a
for example, would be a chemical property. To see if a
concept of ecosystem health. This idea recognizes that
need to try the reaction. You would pour some acid on
humans are participants in complex ecosystems and ③ that their potential for health is proportional to the
the metal and look for evidence of a chemical reaction.
health function of those ecosystems. An ecosystem-based
combined with part of the acid to make a salt. That is the
health perspective takes into account the health-related
defining characteristic of a chemical property: In order to
services that the natural environment provides (e.g.,
observe one you must carry out a chemical reaction and
soil production, pollination, and water cleansing) and ④ acknowledge the fundamental connection between a
produce a different substance.
healthy environment and human health. An ecosystem health stance is a nonanthropocentric, holistic world view increasingly ⑤ shared by biological scientists. *pollination 수분, 가루받이 **nonanthropocentric 인간 중심적이 아닌
E 모든 변형문제
particular metal reacts with a particular acid, you would
By the time that you are done testing the metal, it has
① characteristics of chemical reactions of metal ② various methods to study chemical reactions ③ factors affecting chemical properties of material ④ importance of observation through experiments ⑤ ways to observe chemical properties of material
수능특강 영어 편
077
E 모든 변형문제
240 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 적절한 것은?
242 다음 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지
|22강 3|
Glands are so complex and are effected by so many
|22강 1|
않은 것은?
what is harmful and what is beneficial to them. But, there
As the name suggests, the slender mongoose is the ① thinnest and longest-bodied of the mongoose family and most closely resembles a weasel. Colour ② varies
is one main thing that is vital for all glandular functions.
depending on the habitat, with lighter brown shadings
different things that it would be very difficult to simply list
(A) This means that the nerves, tissues, teeth and bones will be mineral deficient and that their functions will be greatly hampered. If this state of mineral deficiency is not remedied, eventually the glands will become affected. (B) All the glands of the body require minerals to produce hormones and to perform their specific jobs. When there
common in large grassy areas and darker browns likely if the animal lives in forests; most though have red eyes and a black tip to their long tail. They move with a rippling motion, and are able to climb up and down trees with squirrel-like skill, but spend as much time on the ③ ground, where they are able to ④ sit on their hind
are not enough minerals in the diet, the digestive juices
legs and watch over long grass for prey or predators. The slender mongoose is an especially ⑤ playful species,
receive the supply that is available.
keen on pretend stalking and picking up eggs and other
(C) This will in turn cause abnormal body conditions that can only result in disease. Because the body obtains minerals through the food that is eaten, it is essential that
small objects and throwing them against rocks. They also chase and play with squirrels and monkeys, apparently simply for the sake of it. *weasel 족제비 **rippling 물결이 치는 듯한
a variety of fresh, raw food be eaten so the body will receive the necessary minerals. ① (A) – (C) – (B)
② (B) – (A) – (C)
④ (C) – (A) – (B)
⑤ (C) – (B) – (A)
*gland 분비샘
③ (B) – (C) – (A)
241 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
|22강 4|
Science is viewed by many as definitive, basing its
243 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|22강 2|
conclusions on facts, and that it can deliver answers to
Chemical properties are properties that can’t readily
questions and problems. However, scientists do not start
be observed. In order to see if an unknown substance
from the premise of science being about universal ‘truths’ or
has a particular chemical property it is necessary to try
definitive answers. Any person working in the field of science understands that the idea of truth in science is also relative.
to carry out a chemical reaction on it, which will, of course, . How something reacts to acid,
The mistake happens when people consider the pursuit of
for example, would be a chemical property. To see if a
science to be the pursuit of truth. Science can often result in
particular metal reacts with a particular acid, you would
a confused understanding of the world. If we take light for
need to try the reaction. You would pour some acid on
example, is it a wave or a particle? What is the ‘true’ nature
the metal and look for evidence of a chemical reaction.
of light? Is it a mixture of waves and particles or is it the
By the time that you are done testing the metal, it has
way in which we try to make sense of light, by categorizing
combined with part of the acid to make a salt. That is the
its essential features according to properties that fit a wave
defining characteristic of a chemical property: In order to
model or a particle model, that is getting in the way of our
observe one you must carry out a chemical reaction and
understanding of its real or ‘true’ form?
produce a different substance.
premise 전제
① What Is Obstacle To Understanding Science?
① produce a new substance
② Want Definite Science? Answer Questions!
② differ from physical action
③ Relativism : Premise Of Pursuing Truth
③ take long time to finish
④ Mistakes Of Scientists : Seeking Relativity
④ lack firm evidence in it
⑤ Common Misconception Of Scientists
⑤ copy its original structure
078
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E 모든 변형문제
244 다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?
|22강 3|
Glands are so complex and are effected by so many different things that it would be very difficult to simply list
23강
246 다음 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 바르게 짝지어진 것 |23강 1|
what is harmful and what is beneficial to them. But, there
은?
is one main thing that is vital for all glandular functions.
If you are a student athlete, you’ll understand that
All the glands of the body require minerals to produce
pressure comes from a variety of sources. If you’re
hormones and to perform their specific jobs. When there
involved in individual sports such as tennis or skiing,
are not enough minerals in the diet, the digestive juices
you might feel pressure to win every time you play or
receive the supply that is available. This means that the
race. In a team sport, you might feel pressure to perform
nerves, tissues, teeth and bones will be mineral deficient and that their functions will be greatly hampered. If this
up to various expectations — a certain number of rebounds or strikeouts, (A) . If you’re hoping
state of mineral deficiency is not remedied, eventually
to play in college, you might feel pressure to impress
the glands will become affected. This will in turn cause
college scouts. If you’re a freshman or sophomore, you
abnormal body conditions that can only result in disease.
might feel pressure to impress the coach in order to
Because the body obtains minerals through the food that
earn a starting spot or move up to varsity. If you have
is eaten, it is essential that a variety of fresh, raw food be
super-involved parents who have poured a lot of time
eaten so the body will receive the necessary minerals.
and money into your sport, you might feel pressure to please them. Above all these sources, (B) , is
① importance of fresh foods to our body
the pressure you put on yourself. Some of you expect
② effect of mineral deficiency and its cure
perfection from yourselves every time you’re out there
③ causes of abnormal glandular functions
— a super goal, but one that’s guaranteed to stress you
④ various remedies for mineral deficiency
out since no one is perfect.
⑤ how to deal with glandular malfunction
245 다음 글에 이어질 글의 순서로 적절한 것은?
(A)
|22강 4|
Science is viewed by many as definitive, basing its conclusions on facts, and capable of delivering answers to questions and problems. (A) The mistake happens when people consider the pursuit
(B)
① for example
that is
② consequently
however
③ in other words
therefore
④ for example
however
⑤ consequently
therefore
of science to be the pursuit of truth. Science can often result in a confused understanding of the world. If we take light for example, is it a wave or a particle? What is the ‘true’ nature of light? (B) Is it a mixture of waves and particles or is it the way in which we try to make sense of light, by categorizing its essential features according to properties that fit a wave model or a particle model, that is getting in the way of our understanding of its real or ‘true’ form? (C) However, scientists do not start from the premise of science being about universal ‘truths’ or definitive answers. Any person working in the field of science understands that the idea of truth in science is also relative. ① (A) – (C) – (B)
② (B) – (A) – (C)
④ (C) – (A) – (B)
⑤ (C) – (B) – (A)
*premise 전제
③ (B) – (C) – (A)
E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
079
E 모든 변형문제
247 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
|23강 2|
248 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|23강 3|
Destination choice is an important attribute that
Severe time limitations make shopping more difficult
significantly differentiates between inbound and
and appear to take away from the unhurried style of
outbound tourism. Typically mature age customers have
leisure shopping. Consumers seem to enjoy having a
more time at hand with greater disposable incomes.
sense of unlimited time and temporal freedom to browse
Therefore mature age customers would prefer to go
and stroll about. One study noted that shoppers who
on a real holiday and tend to be more inclined towards
felt rushed for time or had some kind of limits on their
selecting an international destination. Similarly, mature
time in retail pursuits did not consider their experience
age customers may try alternative modes of travel such
a leisured one. Conversely, some participants felt that
as cruises, trains etc., as time is not a factor that blocks
too much time spent shopping also influenced their
them from selecting these options. However, younger customers have many limitations in comparison to mature
experience in a negative manner. It appears, then, that can make or break the leisure shopping
age customers in terms of time, money, and career.
experience. Too much time to shop, usually the plight
Therefore, outbound tourism is a preferred destination
of accompanying companions, can cause mental tiring
choice for younger customers only when it is linked to
from the constant display of goods and physical fatigue
business or personal purposes. Also in comparison to
from hours of walking, inspecting goods, and carrying
mature age customers, younger customers would spend
shopping bags.
less time in a single destination and may tend to travel to a greater number of destinations in a year. * differentiate 구별하다
① planning shopping beforehand ② setting aside time for shopping ③ having a choice in time terms
① What Is Important Tourism Industry?
④ spending money on shopping
② Limitations In Tourist Promotion Policy
⑤ deciding in terms of budget
③ Age : Key To Consumer’s Decision Making ④ Different Age Group, Different Tour Styles ⑤ Tourist Destination : Money Tells Everything!
080
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*plight (어려운) 상태
E 모든 변형문제
249 다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?
|23강 4|
250 다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?
|23강 1|
In sport, it has been assumed that the original form of
If you are a student athlete, you’ll understand that
the game is naturally attractive and therefore satisfies
pressure comes from a variety of sources. If you’re
consumer needs. An analysis of sporting organisations
involved in individual sports such as tennis or skiing, you
in Australia shows this to be a outdated view. Many
might feel pressure to win every time you play or race.
sports have modified rules to make their games more
In a team sport, you might feel pressure to perform up
attractive, and in the case of cricket matches, which
to various expectations — a certain number of rebounds
have traditionally been played for 4 — 5 days, one-day
or strikeouts, for example. If you’re hoping to play in
matches have become an important part of the range of
college, you might feel pressure to impress college
product offerings. One-day international matches played
scouts. If you’re a freshman or sophomore, you might
throughout an Australian summer have more readily
feel pressure to impress the coach in order to earn a
satisfied consumer need for compressed entertainment
starting spot or move up to varsity. If you have super-
and a quick result. At junior levels, many sports have
involved parents who have poured a lot of time and
been significantly modified to satisfy the desire of many
money into your sport, you might feel pressure to please
more young people to participate in the game. Inherent in
them. Above all these sources, however, is the pressure
this change has been the recognition that juniors wish to
you put on yourself. Some of you expect perfection from
develop game skills through actual participation, to have
yourselves every time you’re out there — a super goal,
fun, and in general to be with their friends through the
but one that’s guaranteed to stress you out since no one is
sport setting.
perfect.
*product offering 제품[상품]군
① change of cricket matches through history
① difficulties experienced by athletes
② importance of observing rules in sports games
② stress from expectation in mind
③ effect of changing rules on pleasure from sports
③ harmful effects of perfectionism
④ necessity of actual participation in sports games
④ ways to deal with stress in sports
⑤ various rules of sports from country to country
⑤ diverse causes of stress in sports
E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
*varsity 대학의 대표팀
081
E 모든 변형문제
251 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 적절한
252 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
|23강 2|
곳은?
|23강 3|
Severe time limitations make shopping more difficult
Similarly, mature age customers may try alternative modes
and appear to take away from the unhurried style of
of travel such as cruises, trains etc., as time is not a factor
leisure shopping. Consumers seem to enjoy having a
that blocks them from selecting these options.
sense of unlimited time and temporal freedom to browse and stroll about. One study noted that shoppers who felt
Destination choice is an important attribute that
rushed for time or had some kind of limits on their time in
significantly differentiates between inbound and outbound tourism. ( ① ) Typically mature age customers
retail pursuits did not consider their experience a leisured
have more time at hand with greater disposable incomes. ( ② ) Therefore mature age customers would prefer to
time spent shopping also influenced their experience in
go on a real holiday and tend to be more inclined towards selecting an international destination. ( ③ ) However,
in time terms can make or break the leisure shopping
younger customers have many limitations in comparison
of accompanying companions, can cause mental tiring
to mature age customers in terms of time, money, and career. ( ④ ) Therefore, outbound tourism is a preferred
from the constant display of goods and physical fatigue
destination choice for younger customers only when it is linked to business or personal purposes. ( ⑤ ) Also in
shopping bags.
comparison to mature age customers, younger customers would spend less time in a single destination and may tend to travel to a greater number of destinations in a year.
* differentiate 구별하다
one. Conversely, some participants felt that too much a negative manner. It appears, then, that having a choice experience. Too much time to shop, usually the plight
from hours of walking, inspecting goods, and carrying *plight (어려운) 상태
① Stress Cause By Shopping : Friends Or Foe? ② What Can You Do To Be Free From Shopping? ③ Shopping, Waste Of Time Or Refreshing Tool? ④ Time Pressure, Good Or Bad For Our Performance? ⑤ Time Used In Shopping And Shopping Experience
253 다음 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
|23강 4|
In sport, it has been assumed ① that the original form of the game is naturally attractive and therefore satisfies consumer needs. An analysis of sporting organisations in Australia shows this to be a outdated view. Many sports have modified rules to make their games more ② attractive, and in the case of cricket matches, which have traditionally been played for 4 — 5 days, one-day matches have become an important part of the range of product offerings. One-day international matches ③ were played throughout an Australian summer have more readily satisfied consumer need for compressed entertainment and a quick result. At junior levels, many sports have been significantly modified ④ to satisfy the desire of many more young people to participate in the game. Inherent in this change ⑤ has been the recognition that juniors wish to develop game skills through actual participation, to have fun, and in general to be with their friends through the sport setting. *product offering 제품[상품]군
082
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E 모든 변형문제
256 다음 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지
24강
254 다음 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 |24강 1|
않은 것은?
|24강 3|
않은 것은?
Compared to dreaming, when we are awakened, most of our thoughts and actions are ① deliberate and
The notion that individual pieces of popular music may be ① distinguishable by their own identity or
meaningful. And, even the thoughts that enter our mind unconsciously still have ② relevance to something
character is common across popular music genres. But, as with ‘piece’, this notion is not necessarily ②
that matters to us, which is not the case with most of
established by virtue of the composed element alone.
our dreams. This is not to be oblivious to the idea that sometimes our dreams represent our deeper ③ conscious
Performance, whether live or recorded, and technical
psyche. However, most dreams do not even remotely
production in the recording studio are major sites of the elements that enable identity ③ distinctions to be
relate to our lives. Thus, in my opinion, abstract arts, as compared to rhythmic arts or imitative arts, ④ resemble
drawn between pieces. Indeed, identity can sometimes
the state of dreaming as compared to the state of being awake, and the greatest majority of abstract arts ⑤ lack
be seen to reside in the activity of performance tout court, without particular concern for the end product. Yet, at the same time, it would be wrong to ④ admit the
any substance that could be expressed in a meaningful
powerful influence that the record, as the end result of a combination of activities, ⑤ exerts over the notion of
pleasant to look at.
identity.
way despite the fact that many of them might be very *oblivious 의식하지 못하는 **psyche 마음 (상태), 정신
*tout court 간단히 말해, 더 말할 것도 없이
257 Apocalypse Now에 대한 다음 글의 설명과 일치하지 |24강 4|
않는 것은?
255 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|24강 2|
Apocalypse Now, a film produced and directed by Francis Ford Coppola, gained popularity, and with good
In many ways, digital photography has turned the usual
reason. The film is the adaptation of J. Conrad’s novel
approach to photography on its head. It used to be that a
Heart of Darkness, which is set in the African Congo at
photographer would look and then shoot, taking time to
the end of the 19th century. Unlike the original novel,
compose the image and look for important relationships
Apocalypse Now is set in Vietnam and Cambodia during
within the scene before tripping the shutter, even if it was
the Vietnam War. The setting, time period, dialogue and
as rapid-fire as street photography. Today, most digital photographers . They expose the
other incidental details are changed but the fundamental
image first, then look at the display on the camera back
as those of Heart of Darkness. Both describe a physical
to see what they captured. Digital cameras make it easy
journey, reflecting the central character’s mental and
to proceed in that manner because if you’re not pleased
spiritual journey, down a river to confront the deranged
with the image you’ve captured, you can simply delete
Kurtz character, who represents the worst aspects of
it. You can’t do that with film, where the exposure is
civilisation. By giving Apocalypse Now a setting that
permanent and you have to move on to the next frame.
was contemporary at the time of its release, audiences
Digital photography certainly frees you up to do more
were able to experience and identify with its themes more
shooting, but it’s a double-edged sword because it also
easily than they would have if the film had been a literal
allows you to do a lot of really bad shooting.
adaptation of the novel.
story line and themes of Apocalypse Now are the same
*deranged 정상이 아닌
① think before they leap
① Francis Ford Coppola가 감독한 영화이다.
② shoot and then look
② J. Conrad의 Heart of Darkness를 각색했다.
③ find something special
③ 19세기말 Africa의 Congo를 배경으로 한다.
④ create ordinary images
④ Kurtz라는 인물을 찾아가는 여정을 그리고 있다.
⑤ lack proper expertise
⑤ 개봉 당시와 같은 시대로 배경을 설정하였다. E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
083
E 모든 변형문제
258 다음 (A)와 (B)에 들어갈 말로 바르게 짝지어진 것은?
260 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|24강 1|
|24강 3|
Compared to dreaming, when we are awakened, most
The notion that individual pieces of popular music may
of our thoughts and actions are deliberate and meaningful.
be distinguishable by their own identity or character is common across popular music genres. (A) , as
And, even the thoughts that enter our mind unconsciously
with ‘piece’, this notion is not necessarily established
is not the case with most of our dreams. This is not to be
by virtue of the composed element alone. Performance,
oblivious to the idea that sometimes our dreams represent
whether live or recorded, and technical production in the recording studio are major sites of the elements that enable
our deeper subconscious psyche. However, most dreams . Thus, in my opinion,
identity distinctions to be drawn between pieces. Indeed,
abstract arts, as compared to rhythmic arts or imitative
identity can sometimes be seen to reside in the activity of
arts, resemble the state of dreaming as compared to the
performance tout court, without particular concern for the end product. (B) , at the same time, it would be
state of being awake, and the greatest majority of abstract
wrong to ignore the powerful influence that the record, as
meaningful way despite the fact that many of them might
the end result of a combination of activities, exerts over the
be very pleasant to look at.
notion of identity. (A)
still have relevance to something that matters to us, which
arts lack any substance that could be expressed in a
*oblivious 의식하지 못하는 **psyche 마음 (상태), 정신
*tout court 간단히 말해, 더 말할 것도 없이
① do not even remotely relate to our lives
(B)
① For example
Yet
② But
Yet
③ For example
Similarly
④ But
That is
⑤ However
Similarly
② have value in itself in terms of pleasure ③ lack the elements of subconscious psyche ④ do matter for us in our everyday lives ⑤ have nothing to do with abstract arts
259 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
|24강 2|
In many ways, digital photography has turned the usual approach to photography on its head. It used to be that a photographer would look and then shoot, taking time to compose the image and look for important relationships within the scene before tripping the shutter, even if it was as rapid-fire as street photography. Today, most digital photographers shoot and then look. They expose the image first, then look at the display on the camera back to see what they captured. Digital cameras make it easy to proceed in that manner because if you’re not pleased with the image you’ve captured, you can simply delete it. You can’t do that with film, where the exposure is permanent and you have to move on to the next frame. Digital photography certainly frees you up to do more shooting, but it’s a double-edged sword because it also allows you to do a lot of really bad shooting. ① Want Good Image? Look Before You Shoot!
261 다음 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
|24강 4|
Apocalypse Now, a film produced and directed by Francis Ford Coppola, ① gained popularity, and with good reason. The film is the adaptation of J. Conrad’s novel Heart of Darkness, ② which is set in the African Congo at the end of the 19th century. Unlike the original novel, Apocalypse Now is set in Vietnam and Cambodia during the Vietnam War. The setting, time period, dialogue and other incidental details are changed but the fundamental story line and themes of Apocalypse Now are the same as ③ those of Heart of Darkness. Both describe a physical journey, ④ reflecting the central character’s mental and spiritual journey, down a river to confront the deranged Kurtz character, who represents the worst aspects of civilisation. By giving Apocalypse Now a setting that was contemporary at the time of its
② Think Different To Get Different Pictures!
release, audiences were able to experience and identify with its themes more easily than they would ⑤ do if the
③ Photography : Its Past, Present And Future
film had been a literal adaptation of the novel.
④ Shoot And Check : Today’s Photography
*deranged 정상이 아닌
⑤ What Is Important For Photographers?
084
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E 모든 변형문제
264 다음 주어진 글에 이어질 글의 순서로 적절한 것은?
25강
|25강 3|
262 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
|25강 1|
If music is vital to young children’s brain growth and development, is the force so powerful as to increase intelligence? This is the question surrounding the so-called “Mozart effect.” The media have given much attention to the notion of increasing intelligence by playing classical music such as the works of Mozart. Although lacking in supporting research, claims suggest that listening to Mozart for even a few minutes on a regular basis can increase intelligence and subsequent performance on tests of intelligence. The claim appears simplistic and too good to be true. In reality, music may simply serve as a tool for warming up or getting the
to trust in seeking information to guide their beliefs and behaviors. (A) In other cases, information obtained from adults is contradictory to that received from peers. Here, the individual must decide which source of information to trust. The literature on status attainment suggests that students generally accept advice from parents or teachers, implying that they believe adults have their best interests in mind. (B) However, occasions arise when students feel that the generation gap prevents adults from understanding a
brain ready to engage with and process information.
particular situation, leading them to have greater trust in
① Mozart : Real Genius!
peers. In this case, students’ trust is based on the belief
② Intelligence Of Mozart
that peers share their goals and can best help them attain
③ Increase Music Intelligence!
theirs.
④ Mozart Effect, Is It Real?
(C) In addition to several adult sources of information,
⑤ Play Mozart To Children!
263
Students in school are faced with the decision of whom
including parents, teachers, and other school personnel,
다음 (A)와 (B)에 들어갈 말로 바르게 짝지어진 것은? |25강 2|
Rather than spend time seeking out a guaranteed technique for promoting student creativity, teachers might better spend their time focusing their attention on how their everyday classroom policies, practices, and procedures support or hinder creative expression. (A) , creativity
they have a large body of schoolmates to rely on. In some cases, advice from adults and fellow students is congruent, making no choice necessary between the two sources of information. ① (A) – (C) – (B)
② (B) – (A) – (C)
④ (C) – (A) – (B)
⑤ (C) – (B) – (A)
*congruent 일치하는
③ (B) – (C) – (A)
researchers have argued that the best way to promote student creativity is for teachers to encourage and model the creative thinking and behaviors in the classroom. (B) , teachers might encourage and model the expression of original ideas by encouraging students to imagine various perspectives on a key historical event. And they might, at the same time, help students use their evaluative skills by ensuring that imagined perspectives offered by students have some basis in historical documents, records, and other appropriate source materials. (A)
(B)
① Indeed
For instance
② However
By contrast
③ Therefore
In other words
④ However
For instance
⑤ Indeed
By contrast E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
085
E 모든 변형문제
265 다음 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지
267 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
|25강 4|
않은 것은?
|25강 2|
Rather than spend time seeking out a guaranteed
Our world is changing at a rapid rate, and as concerned educators, we no longer can ① predict with
technique for promoting student creativity, teachers might
confidence the kind of social ecology that our students
everyday classroom policies, practices, and procedures
will encounter as mature individuals. Our only adaptive recourse, therefore, is to prepare pupils not to be ②
support or hinder creative expression. Indeed, creativity
rigidly cooperative, competitive, or individualistic, but to be adaptively ③ flexible — to recognize a broad range of
student creativity is for teachers to encourage and model
social situations and the kinds of behaviors appropriate
For instance, teachers might encourage and model the
to each. There are situations in which competition is an adaptive strategy; there are other situations in which ④
expression of original ideas by encouraging students to
cooperation is adaptive; and there are yet other situations
And, at the same time, help students use their evaluative
in which an individualistic approach is most successful.
skills by ensuring that imagined perspectives offered by
By including a variety of task and reward structures
students have some basis in historical documents, records,
within the classroom, teachers can prepare their
and other appropriate source materials.
students to recognize a fuller range of environmental contingencies and to be able to ⑤ sustain their behavior accordingly. *recourse 의지(하는 것) **contingency 우발적인 사태
better spend their time focusing their attention on how their
researchers have argued that the best way to promote the creative thinking and behaviors in the classroom.
imagine various perspectives on a key historical event.
① Be Creative Yourself To Encourage Creativity! ② Creative Mind Needs Creative Way Of Thinking! ③ Want To Be Creative? Imitate Creative People! ④ Classrooms : Best Place To Teach Creativity! ⑤ Who Is More Creative? Teachers Or Students?
266 다음 주어진 글에 이어질 글의 순서로 적절한 것은? |25강 1|
268 다음 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않은 것은?
|25강 3|
If music is vital to young children’s brain growth and
Students in school are faced with the decision of whom to ① trust in seeking information to guide their beliefs
development, is the force so powerful as to increase
and behaviors. In addition to several adult sources of
intelligence?
information, including parents, teachers, and other school
(A) Although lacking in supporting research, claims suggest that listening to Mozart for even a few minutes on a regular basis can increase intelligence and subsequent performance on tests of intelligence.
personnel, they have a large body of schoolmates to rely on. In some cases, advice from adults and fellow students is ② alternative , making no choice necessary between the two sources of information. In other cases, information obtained from adults is ③ contradictory to that received
(B) This is the question surrounding the so-called “Mozart
from peers. Here, the individual must decide which source
effect.” The media have given much attention to the notion of increasing intelligence by playing classical
of information to trust. The literature on status attainment suggests that students generally ④ accept advice from
music such as the works of Mozart.
parents or teachers, implying that they believe adults have
(C) The claim appears simplistic and too good to be true. In reality, music may simply serve as a tool for warming up or getting the brain ready to engage with and process information. ① (A) – (C) – (B)
② (B) – (A) – (C)
④ (C) – (A) – (B)
⑤ (C) – (B) – (A)
086
③ (B) – (C) – (A)
their best interests in mind. However, occasions arise when students feel that the generation gap prevents adults from understanding a particular situation, leading them to have greater trust in ⑤ peers. In this case, students’ trust is based on the belief that peers share their goals and can best help them attain theirs.
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*congruent 일치하는
E 모든 변형문제
269 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|25강 4|
Our world is changing at a rapid rate, and as concerned educators, we no longer can predict with confidence
26강
270 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|26강 1|
the kind of social ecology that our students will
Good writers leave room for their readers to think! If
encounter as mature individuals. Our only adaptive
a writer told you absolutely everything, reading might
recourse, therefore, is to prepare pupils not to be rigidly
become a little boring. When a writer leaves room for the
cooperative, competitive, or individualistic, but to be — to recognize a broad range of social
reader to think, the reader becomes more engaged and
situations and the kinds of behaviors appropriate to each.
try to figure something out, add their own maybes into
There are situations in which competition is an adaptive
the text, this is called inferring. Inferring is when readers
strategy; there are other situations in which cooperation
add their own ideas and thoughts into the text. As writers,
is adaptive; and there are yet other situations in which
we want to engage and invite our readers into our stories, and sometimes that means .
an individualistic approach is most successful. By including a variety of task and reward structures within the classroom, teachers can prepare their students to recognize a fuller range of environmental contingencies and to be able to adjust their behavior accordingly. *recourse 의지(하는 것) **contingency 우발적인 사태
interested. When readers add their thinking into a story,
① inferring readers’ responses ② not wanting to be interrupted ③ leading them to misbelief ④ making them write freely ⑤ not telling them everything
① successful anyway ② adaptively flexible ③ strikingly selfish ④ selectively careful ⑤ reasonably sensible
271 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
|26강 2|
Names are an important guide to the social significance of pets. Like pet food during the 1960s, pets themselves were frequently given dog-specific names such as Rex, Fido and Rover; or cat-specific names such as Kitty, Tibby or Sooty. However, in Australia, the UK and USA companion animals are now more likely to be given human names. In Britain, for example, the 1980s marked a turning point away from the use of ‘traditional canine’ names, especially Shep, Brandy, Whisky, Rex, Lassie and Rover. By 1995 the National Canine Defence League’s survey found that the ten most popular dog names were all human. Moreover, many of them, such as Ben, Lucy, Sam, Sophie and Charlie, were also currently among the most popular names given to babies. In 1996 the most common name given to a dog by Australians was Sam, whereas in the past Dog was the most common name. ① Naming, Reflection Of Trend In Culture ② Same Name For Babies And Pets ③ History Of Pet : Past And Present ④ Pet Naming : From Pets To Humans ⑤ Different Culture, Different Pet Names E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
087
E 모든 변형문제
272 다음 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않
273 다음을 아래와 같이 요약하고자 할 때, 빈칸 (A), (B)에
|26강 3|
은 것은?
들어갈 말로 바르게 짝지어진 것은?
|26강 4|
Single-person households and “empty nesters” have
Developmental limitations in expressive and receptive
different lifestyles and preferences than larger families. Singles, especially, spend ① heavily on foodservice,
language skills, limited vocabulary knowledge, and
both for convenience and for social occasions. The ② increasing domination of these smaller all-
young children’s difficulty in communicating effectively.
adult households and single-person households has
described in the literature is its communication power. In
implications for restaurant patronage patterns. For instance, the use of takeout has ③ grown among both
play, children are able to express their conscious thoughts
families with children and adult-only households (singles
alone. Children are naturally comfortable with expression
and couples). But these different types of households
through concrete play activities and materials. Use of
tend to be interested in different types of takeout, and
symbolic representation and expression through dolls and
for different reasons. While the family with kids may order a ④ self-pleasing, inexpensive meal such as a large
puppets provides emotional distance from emotionally
pizza or a bucket of chicken, the single adult might be
indirect expression in play the child can gain awareness
more likely to stop on the way home after work for a
of troublesome affects and memories and begin the
sophisticated green salad that’s “too much trouble” to make for just one person. Adults who live ⑤ alone or
process of healing.
with one other person are more likely to rely on takeout as a routine pattern of sourcing food, whether they are in an older age group or a younger one. *empty nester (자녀가 집을 떠난 뒤) 둘만 사는 부부 **patronage (식당 등에 대한 고객의) 애용
limitations in abstract thinking ability contribute to Perhaps the major therapeutic power of play that has been
and feelings better through play activities than by words
charged experiences, thoughts, and feelings. Through
For children having difficulty communicating can get help from (A) , through which they can express themselves comfortably while maintaining (B) from hurts. (A)
088
(B)
① play activities
protection
② play activities
distance
③ medical checkups
protection
④ psycho therapies
recovery
⑤ psycho therapies
distance
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E 모든 변형문제
274 글의 흐름으로 보아, 다음 (A), (B), (C)에 들어갈 말로 바 |26강 1|
르게 짝지어진 것은?
276 다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?
|26강 3|
Single-person households and “empty nesters” have
Good writers leave room for their readers to think! If
different lifestyles and preferences than larger families.
a writer told you absolutely everything, reading might
Singles, especially, spend heavily on foodservice, both
become a little (A) [boring / exciting]. When a writer
for convenience and for social occasions. The increasing
leaves room for the reader to think, the reader becomes
domination of these smaller all-adult households and
more engaged and interested. When readers add their
single-person households has implications for restaurant
thinking into a story, try to figure something out, add their
patronage patterns. For instance, the use of takeout has
own (B) [musts / maybes] into the text, this is called
grown among both families with children and adult-
inferring. Inferring is when readers add their own ideas
only households (singles and couples). But these
and thoughts into the text. As writers, we want to engage
different types of households tend to be interested in
and invite our readers into our stories, and sometimes that
different types of takeout, and for different reasons.
means not telling them (C) [everything / anything].
While the family with kids may order a crowd-pleasing,
(A)
(B)
(C)
① boring
maybes
everything
② boring
musts
everything
③ boring
maybes
anything
④ exciting
musts
anything
⑤ exciting
maybes
anything
inexpensive meal such as a large pizza or a bucket of chicken, the single adult might be more likely to stop on the way home after work for a sophisticated green salad that’s “too much trouble” to make for just one person. Adults who live alone or with one other person are more likely to rely on takeout as a routine pattern of sourcing food, whether they are in an older age group or a younger one.
*empty nester (자녀가 집을 떠난 뒤) 둘만 사는 부부 **patronage (식당 등에 대한 고객의) 애용
① why single-person households are increasing
275 글의 흐름으로 보아, 다음 주어진 문장이 들어갈 곳으 로 가장 적절한 것은?
|26강 2|
However, in Australia, the UK and USA companion animals are now more likely to be given human names.
② various factors affecting food consumption styles ③ different preferences among different households ④ reasons why single-person households increase ⑤ family compositions and food consumption styles
Names are an important guide to the social significance of pets. ( ① ) Like pet food during the 1960s, pets themselves were frequently given dog-specific names such as Rex, Fido and Rover; or cat-specific names such as Kitty, Tibby or Sooty. ( ② ) In Britain, for example, the 1980s marked a turning point away from the use of ‘traditional canine’ names, especially Shep, Brandy, Whisky, Rex, Lassie and Rover. ( ③ ) By 1995 the National Canine Defence League’s survey found that the ten most popular dog names were all human. ( ④ ) Moreover, many of them, such as Ben, Lucy, Sam, Sophie and Charlie, were also currently among the most popular names given to babies. ( ⑤ ) In 1996 the most common name given to a dog by Australians was Sam, whereas in the past Dog was the most common name.
E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
089
E 모든 변형문제
277 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|26강 4|
Developmental limitations in expressive and receptive language skills, limited vocabulary knowledge, and
27강
278 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|27강 1|
limitations in abstract thinking ability contribute to
Higher temperatures cause greater evaporation both
young children’s difficulty in communicating effectively.
from soils and from water bodies. Dry soils and heat-
Perhaps the major therapeutic power of play that has been described in the literature is . In
stressed vegetation contribute to a greater number and
play, children are able to express their conscious thoughts
from fires causes massive traffic pile-ups and has
and feelings better through play activities than by words
prompted highway closures. The increase in evaporation
alone. Children are naturally comfortable with expression
from water bodies adds water vapor to the atmosphere,
through concrete play activities and materials. Use of
which fuels storms. Superstorm Sandy and Typhoon
symbolic representation and expression through dolls and
Bopha were fueled by higher sea surface temperatures
puppets provides emotional distance from emotionally
and higher amounts of water vapor in the atmosphere.
charged experiences, thoughts, and feelings. Through indirect expression in play the child can gain awareness
Superstorm Sandy flooded the subway system of Manhattan in New York City in 2012.
of troublesome affects and memories and begin the
has resulted in a greater number of severe weather events
process of healing.a
and a significant increase in operating expenses for the
① its communication power
intensity of forest fires. The smoke and low visibility
transportation industry.
② a harmonious cooperation
① Massive traffic congestion
③ a constructive competition
② Dense population in large cities
④ its emotional independence
③ More frequent stormy weather
⑤ its hidden self-awareness
④ Adding heat to the climate system ⑤ Increasing cost of fossil energies
090
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*evaporation 증발
E 모든 변형문제
279 다음 (A)와 (B)에 들어갈 말로 바르게 짝지어진 것은?
280 다음 주어진 글에 이어질 글의 순서로 적절한 것은?
|27강 2|
|27강 3|
Networked computers present opportunities that did
One may desire to have immediate delivery as soon as the
not previously exist. They have, however, evolved out
order is ready, especially when a lightweight item is ordered.
of traditions that adolescents cannot fully appreciate without greater historical perspective. (A) , it
(A) Services can be applied to food order, books, and
helps to know a little about the history of the Internet, as provided by a resource like Hobbes’ Internet Timeline, or to have knowledge of a glossary of Internet terms, like
others. The FAA has started granting licenses for certain commercial applications. Debate is still on for safety and privacy. An online store is about to launch such services.
the handbook from the Internet Literacy Consultants.
(B) This is where a drone comes into play. The drone can
A brief introduction to the history and terminology
pick up the item being ordered and via GPS can travel
helps students see that although cyberspace offers new
toward the destination, send an alert to the customer,
possibilities, many of the activities they encounter there have historical antecedents. (B) , familiarity
descend, drop the item at the front door of the customer,
with the terminology is an integral part of literacy and is
(C) The store estimates 80% of its deliveries are light
critical to the kind of etiquette educators wish to inspire. Before students reach for the slang terms used to describe online activities, it is worthwhile to identify the formal terms that help define the language of this culture. *glossary (용어 등의) 목록 **antecedent 전례
(A)
(B)
and return to the base. enough (less than 5 pounds) for a drone to carry. Today, customers and hobbyists can order and operate drones under certain guidelines — for example, flying height is 400 feet.
*FAA 미 연방 항공국
① (A) – (C) – (B)
② (B) – (A) – (C)
④ (C) – (A) – (B)
⑤ (C) – (B) – (A)
③ (B) – (C) – (A)
① therefore
In addition
② that is
For example
③ however
In addition
가장 적절한 것은?
④ therefore
For example
For instance, what combination of information can help
⑤ however
By Contrast
281 글의 흐름으로 보아, 다음 주어진 문장이 들어갈 곳으로 |27강 4|
pinpoint key customer-retention factors? By their very nature, big data analysis projects involve large data sets. ( ① ) But that doesn’t mean that all of a company’s data sources, or all of the information within a relevant data source, will need to be analyzed. ( ② ) Organizations need to identify the strategic data that will lead to valuable analytical insights. ( ③ ) Or what data are required to uncover hidden patterns in stock market transactions? ( ④ ) Focusing on a project’s business goals in the planning stages can help an organization home in on the exact analytics that are required, after which it can — and should — look at the data needed to meet those business goals. ( ⑤ ) In some cases, this will indeed mean including everything. In other cases, though, it means using only a subset of the big data on hand.
*pinpoint 정확히 찾아내다[보여 주다] **analytics 분석된 정확한 정보
E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
091
E 모든 변형문제
284 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어갈 곳으로 가
27강
|27강 3|
장 적절한 것은?
282 다음 주어진 글에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것
An online store is about to launch such services.
|27강 1|
은?
Higher temperatures cause greater evaporation both
One may desire to have immediate delivery as soon as
from soils and from water bodies. Dry soils and heatstressed vegetation contribute to a greater number and
the order is ready, especially when a lightweight item is ordered. This is where a drone comes into play. ( ① )
intensity of forest fires.
The drone can pick up the item being ordered and via
(A) Adding heat to the climate system has resulted in a greater number of severe weather events and a significant increase in operating expenses for the transportation industry. (B) Superstorm Sandy and Typhoon Bopha were fueled by higher sea surface temperatures and higher amounts of water vapor in the atmosphere. Superstorm Sandy flooded the subway system of Manhattan in New York City in 2012.
GPS can travel toward the destination, send an alert to the customer, descend, drop the item at the front door of the customer, and return to the base. ( ② ) Services can be applied to food order, books, and others. ( ③ ) The FAA has started granting licenses for certain commercial applications. ( ④ ) Debate is still on for safety and privacy. ( ⑤ ) The store estimates 80% of its deliveries are light enough (less than 5 pounds) for a drone to carry. Today, customers and hobbyists can order and operate drones under certain guidelines — for example, flying
(C) The smoke and low visibility from fires causes massive traffic pile-ups and has prompted highway closures. The increase in evaporation from water bodies adds water
height is 400 feet.
285 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
vapor to the atmosphere, which fuels storms. ① (A) – (C) – (B)
② (B) – (A) – (C)
④ (C) – (A) – (B)
⑤ (C) – (B) – (A)
*FAA 미 연방 항공국
By their very nature, big data analysis projects
③ (B) – (C) – (A)
involve large data sets. But that doesn’t mean that all of a company’s data sources, or all of the information within a relevant data source, will need to be analyzed.
283 다음 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
|27강 2|
Networked computers present opportunities that did not previously exist. They have, however, evolved out of traditions that adolescents cannot fully ① appreciate without greater historical perspective. Thus, it helps to know a little about the history of the Internet, as ② provided by a resource like Hobbes’ Internet Timeline, or to have knowledge of a glossary of Internet terms, like the handbook from the Internet Literacy Consultants. A brief introduction to the history and terminology helps students see that although cyberspace offers new possibilities, many of the activities they encounter there ③ having historical antecedents. Also, familiarity with
Organizations need to identify the strategic data that will lead to valuable analytical insights. For instance, what combination of information can help pinpoint key customer-retention factors? Or what data are required to uncover hidden patterns in stock market transactions? Focusing on a project’s business goals in the planning stages can help an organization home in on the exact analytics that are required, after which it can — and should — look at the data needed to meet those business goals. In some cases, this will indeed mean including everything. In other cases, though, it means using only a subset of the big data on hand. *pinpoint 정확히 찾아내다[보여 주다] **analytics 분석된 정확한 정보
the terminology is an integral part of literacy and ④ is critical to the kind of etiquette educators wish to inspire. Before students reach for the slang terms used to ⑤
① Customer Satisfaction : Information
describe online activities, it is worthwhile to identify the
③ Big Data : Solution For Organizations
formal terms that help define the language of this culture.
④ What Is Big Data And What Is Good?
② Information : Main Source Of Success
⑤ What Is Important In Utilizing Big Data
092
|27강 4|
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E 모든 변형문제
288 다음을 아래와 같이 요약할 때, 빈칸 (A)와 (B)에 들어
28강
갈 말로 바르게 짝지어진 것은?
286 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|28강 1|
|28강 3|
The importance of an outcome can vary across people,
The Abilene paradox was suggested by Jerry Harvey
as well as across situations. Consistent with this idea
as a result of his experiences on a trip to Abilene. Sitting
are the results from a study that examined predictions in
together with his family on a very hot (104°F) Sunday
anticipation of a pending financial event. Students were
afternoon, Jerry’s father-in-law suggested that the family,
led to believe (falsely) that a billing error in the registrar’s
who were at that point quite relaxed, all travel to Abilene to
office meant that 25% of the student body would soon
have dinner. This would involve a round trip of over four
receive a bill in the mail for $78. When asked to estimate
hours in a car without air conditioning. The family set off
their chances of being one of the unlucky students who
across the desert in blasting temperatures, to eat a tasteless
would receive a bill, financially needy students, who had
meal, only to return home exhausted. What was significant
trouble making financial ends meet and for whom the bill
about the event was that nobody in the family wanted to
would create new hardships, estimated that their chances
go in the first place, even Jerry’s father-in-law. They had assumed that . Nobody had
were 42%. In contrast, non-needy students, for whom
raised doubts about the journey because they wanted to
their chances were 17%. Moreover, these effects were
keep the others happy. In fact, everyone had done exactly
replicated even after controlling for past experiences with
the opposite of what they really wanted to do.
billing errors with the university and for past experiences
the bill would have few consequences, estimated that
with receiving unexpected bills.
① the desert would not be that hot
*pending 곧 있을 **replicate 반복하다
② it would be exhausting to go there ③ each of the others wanted to go ④ the food would be delicious enough
While students who had trouble financially estimated the chance of financially (A) incident occurring
⑤ hot weather wouldn’t matter at all
287 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어갈 곳으로 가 장 적절한 것은?
|28강 2|
It can happen the other way around as well: if we become more mentally flexible, our physical flexibility can increase.
higher, students who were stable financially thought the incident would be (B) . (A)
(B)
① negative
unlikely
Your body is not a vehicle you inhabit; it is a creation
② negative
definite
of your nonphysical being and therefore reflects your personality characteristics. ( ① ) Facial wrinkles
③ negative
expected
④ positive
definite
⑤ positive
unlikely
(expression lines) may be an external manifestation of people’s automatic reactions — habitually doing the same things and repeatedly making the same choices. ( ② ) An inflexible body can be a physical representation of becoming set in one’s ways. ( ③ ) Many people become less mentally flexible as they get older, hence the stiffness and loss of physical flexibility experienced by so many older adults. ( ④ ) I’m living proof that this is possible. ( ⑤ ) When I was younger, I was quite rigid in my attitudes and physically inflexible as well. Not surprisingly, I disliked stretching exercises. Contrary to what is expected to occur as we age, my physical flexibility has increased considerably, and I now enjoy stretching exercises.
*manifestation 표시, 표현 E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
093
E 모든 변형문제
289 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|28강 4|
The emotional effects of what people do depend on
291 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|28강 2|
who these people are. In particular, we need to be in some
Your body is not a vehicle you inhabit; it is a creation of your nonphysical being and therefore .
kind of relationship with others before their lives impact
Facial wrinkles (expression lines) may be an external
our own. This relationship need not be one of friendship
manifestation of people’s automatic reactions —
or affiliation. In fact, people we scorn, envy, or resent
habitually doing the same things and repeatedly making
can make as much of a difference to our feelings as loved
the same choices. An inflexible body can be a physical
ones. Similarly, we can get excited or upset about what
representation of becoming set in one’s ways. Many
happens to both heroes and villains in action movies
people become less mentally flexible as they get older,
(though obviously in different ways). What seems to be
hence the stiffness and loss of physical flexibility
necessary is some level of involvement or association:
experienced by so many older adults. It can happen the
the fact that we share common or conflicting goals,
other way around as well: if we become more mentally
or that the other’s conduct can directly influence goal
flexible, our physical flexibility can increase. I’m living
attainment. We work together or against one another on
proof that this is possible. When I was younger, I was
various formal and informal projects. These connections between people are . *villain 악인, 악한
quite rigid in my attitudes and physically inflexible as well. Not surprisingly, I disliked stretching exercises. Contrary to what is expected to occur as we age, my
① connections between people and society
physical flexibility has increased considerably, and I now
② evidence of emotional bond with others
enjoy stretching exercises.
③ what we need to succeed in our society
*manifestation 표시, 표현
④ reasons why we choose our own ways
① makes your attitude more inflexible
⑤ what make us care about their conduct
② makes it important to exercise regularly ③ reflects your personality characteristics ④ has an effect on your daily choices
290 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어갈 곳으로 가 장 적절한 것은?
⑤ is an evidence of physical healthiness
|28강 1|
They had assumed that each of the others wanted to go. The Abilene paradox was suggested by Jerry Harvey as a result of his experiences on a trip to Abilene. ( ① ) Sitting together with his family on a very hot (104°F) Sunday afternoon, Jerry’s father-in-law suggested that the family, who were at that point quite relaxed, all travel to Abilene to have dinner. ( ② ) This would involve a round trip of over four hours in a car without air conditioning. ( ③ ) The family set off across the desert in blasting temperatures, to eat a tasteless meal, only to return home exhausted. ( ④ ) What was significant about the event was that nobody in the family wanted to go in the first place, even Jerry’s father-in-law. ( ⑤ ) Nobody had raised doubts about the journey because they wanted to keep the others happy. In fact, everyone had done exactly the opposite of what they really wanted to do.
094
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E 모든 변형문제
292 다음 주어진 글에 이어질 글의 순서로 적절한 것은?
29강
|28강 3|
The importance of an outcome can vary across people, as well as across situations. (A) In contrast, non-needy students, for whom the bill would have few consequences, estimated that their chances were 17%. Moreover, these effects were replicated even after controlling for past experiences with billing errors with the university and for past experiences with receiving unexpected bills.
294 다음 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않은 것은?
|29강 1|
Population growth may have had a negative effect on development in many countries, but the magnitude of this effect is ① difficult to assess. And in some cases, population growth probably has stimulated development. For instance, the fact that children consume goods and services and thus lower the ability of a nation to save ② ignores the fact that the children grow up and
(B) Consistent with this idea are the results from a study that
become productive adults. Furthermore, any diversion of
examined predictions in anticipation of a pending financial event. Students were led to believe (falsely) that a billing
investment from infrastructure to education and health care is not necessarily a ③ loss, as education and health
error in the registrar’s office meant that 25% of the student
care will build up the productivity of the labor force.
body would soon receive a bill in the mail for $78.
The harmful effect of population growth should be most
(C) When asked to estimate their chances of being one of the unlucky students who would receive a bill, financially needy students, who had trouble making financial ends meet and for whom the bill would create new hardships, estimated that their chances were 42%. *pending 곧 있을 **replicate 반복하다
① (A) – (C) – (B)
② (B) – (A) – (C)
④ (C) – (A) – (B)
⑤ (C) – (B) – (A)
pronounced in countries where usable land and water are relatively ④ abundant. Although generalizations about acceptable levels of population growth do not fit all circumstances, the World Bank has stated that population growth rates above 2 percent a year act as a ⑤ brake on economic development.
*diversion 전환, (자금의) 유용
③ (B) – (C) – (A)
293 다음 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않은 것은?
|28강 4|
The emotional effects of what people do depend on who these people are. In particular, we need to be in some kind of relationship with others before their lives ① impact our own. This relationship need not be one of friendship or affiliation. In fact, people we scorn, envy, or resent can make as much of a difference to our feelings as ② loved ones. Similarly, we can get excited or upset about what happens to both heroes and villains in action movies (though obviously in different ways). What seems to be necessary is some level of involvement or association: the fact that we ③ share common or conflicting goals, or that the other’s conduct can directly ④ influence goal attainment. We work together or against one another on various formal and informal projects. These connections between people are what make us ⑤ ignore about their conduct.
E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
095
E 모든 변형문제
295 다음 주어진 글에 이어질 글의 순서로 적절한 것은?
296 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
|29강 2|
|29강 3|
Occasionally, governments explicitly discriminate
An imaginary company called ComTech illustrates
against foreign companies in favour of domestic
the consequences of changing technology without
companies. For instance, in 2005 the government of
analyzing the constraints of culture and the interaction of
Argentina (successfully) stimulated consumers to boycott
subcultures.
Shell after the company had raised the oil price. In many
(A) She was given a tough target of converting the clerical staff to the new paperless system within one year. Training modules were created to teach employees how to use the new system effectively.
countries more subtle ‘buy national’ campaigns are still implemented in which consuming products from home companies is favoured over ‘foreign’ products. However, with the increasing foreign content of domestic products, and increasingly ambiguous ownership structures of
(B) ComTech decided to increase its competitiveness by
leading companies, the distinction between ‘foreign’
rapidly evolving to the paperless office with all major
and ‘domestic’ has become increasingly challenged. In
transactions to be done by the computer in the very near
addition, national and local host governments have good
future. To accomplish this change, they hired a talented
reasons to attract (or retain) large foreign multinational
manager of information technology (IT) who had a
enterprises. International companies affect the macro-
proven track record in implementing new systems.
economic policies of individual countries particularly
(C) But the IT manager was not aware that the company was, at the same time, launching intensive productivity efforts that signaled to the employees that they had to get their normal work done in addition to whatever training they could squeeze in. The subculture of production was not in line with the subculture of IT, which resulted in poor training.
*clerical 사무직의
① (A) – (C) – (B)
② (B) – (A) – (C)
④ (C) – (A) – (B)
⑤ (C) – (B) – (A)
③ (B) – (C) – (A)
through their (potentially) positive impact on trade and investment flows, competition, technology transfer and tax income. In consequence, governments prefer to use incentives rather than sanctions, and non-discrimination principles rather than discriminatory practices in their policies towards multinational enterprises. ① Discriminate Or Not : National vs. Foreign Companies ② Foreign Trade And Its Effect On National Economy ③ Should Protect Or Discriminate Foreign Oil Company? ④ Discrimination Against Foreigners : Why And How ⑤ Multinational Cooperations, Positive Or Negative?
096
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E 모든 변형문제
297 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어갈 곳으로 가 장 적절한 것은?
|29강 4|
(A)
(B)
① However
Furthermore
② For example
Furthermore
examples of what one should not do, while morality
③ However
On the contrary
emphasizes everyday misdeeds and what one should do.
④ That is
Furthermore
⑤ For example
On the contrary
In general, the law is concerned with the more extreme
Morality and the law do not always cover the same ground. ( ① ) In societies with some separation between the sacred and the secular, the law alone would be insufficient to maintain the cohesion of society: moral prescriptions are essential. ( ② ) Some actions that are generally considered as moral or immoral are outside the scope of the law. ( ③ ) For instance, it is regarded as morally right to give to charity, but (in the UK) there is no law that one should. ( ④ ) In this case, then, morality has regard for the common good, but the law at most encourages donations. ( ⑤ ) In normal circumstances and over trivial issues, taking more than one’s share is a moral but not a legal matter.
*secular 세속적인 **cohesion 화합
299 다음 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않은 것은?
298 다음 빈칸 (A)와 (B)에 들어갈 말로 바르게 짝지어진 것 은?
|29강 1|
Population growth may have had a negative effect
|29강 2|
An imaginary company called ComTech illustrates the consequences of ① changing technology without
on development in many countries, but the magnitude
analyzing the constraints of culture and the interaction of subcultures. ComTech decided to ② increase its
of this effect is difficult to assess. And in some cases,
competitiveness by rapidly evolving to the paperless
population growth probably has stimulated development. (A) , the fact that children consume goods and
office with all major transactions to be done by the
services and thus lower the ability of a nation to save
change, they hired a talented manager of information
ignores the fact that the children grow up and become productive adults. (B) , any diversion of
technology (IT) who had a proven track record in implementing new systems. She was given a ③ tough
investment from infrastructure to education and health
target of converting the clerical staff to the new paperless
care is not necessarily a loss, as education and health
system within one year. Training modules were created to
care will build up the productivity of the labor force.
teach employees how to use the new system effectively.
The harmful effect of population growth should be most pronounced in countries where usable land and water
But the IT manager was not aware that the company was, at the same time, launching ④ intensive productivity
are relatively scarce. Although generalizations about
efforts that signaled to the employees that they had to get
acceptable levels of population growth do not fit all
their normal work done in addition to whatever training
circumstances, the World Bank has stated that population growth rates above 2 percent a year act as a brake on
they could squeeze in. The subculture of production was not in line with the subculture of IT, which resulted in ⑤
economic development.
excellent training.
*diversion 전환, (자금의) 유용
E 모든 변형문제
computer in the very near future. To accomplish this
수능특강 영어 편
*clerical 사무직의
097
E 모든 변형문제
300 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어갈 곳으로 가 장 적절한 것은?
301 다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?
|29강 3|
|29강 4|
Morality and the law do not always cover the same
However, with the increasing foreign content of
ground. In societies with some separation between
domestic products, and increasingly ambiguous
the sacred and the secular, the law alone would be
ownership structures of leading companies, the
insufficient to maintain the cohesion of society: moral
distinction between ‘foreign’ and ‘domestic’ has become
prescriptions are essential. Some actions that are
increasingly challenged.
generally considered as moral or immoral are outside the scope of the law. In general, the law is concerned with the
Occasionally, governments explicitly discriminate
more extreme examples of what one should not do, while
against foreign companies in favour of domestic companies. ( ① ) For instance, in 2005 the government
morality emphasizes everyday misdeeds and what one
of Argentina (successfully) stimulated consumers to
to give to charity, but (in the UK) there is no law that
boycott Shell after the company had raised the oil price. ( ② ) In many countries more subtle ‘buy national’
one should. In this case, then, morality has regard for the
campaigns are still implemented in which consuming
In normal circumstances and over trivial issues, taking
products from home companies is favoured over ‘foreign’ products. ( ③ ) In addition, national and
more than one’s share is a moral but not a legal matter.
should do. For instance, it is regarded as morally right
common good, but the law at most encourages donations.
*secular 세속적인 **cohesion 화합
local host governments have good reasons to attract (or retain) large foreign multinational enterprises. ( ④ )
① importance of the law in modern society
International companies affect the macro-economic
③ difference between morality and the law
policies of individual countries particularly through their (potentially) positive impact on trade and investment flows, competition, technology transfer and tax income. ( ⑤ ) In consequence, governments prefer to use
② characteristics of immoral behaviors ④ importance of moral judgment in society ⑤ how we should deal with misbehavior
incentives rather than sanctions, and non-discrimination principles rather than discriminatory practices in their policies towards multinational enterprises.
098
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E 모든 변형문제
304 다음 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 적절한 것
30강
|30강 3|
은?
302 다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?
|30강 1|
Tooth decay is the most common disease of the teeth. When teeth are not brushed properly, a yellowish substance called plaque starts to coat their surface. Bacteria that live on plaque change the particles of sugar and starchy food on teeth into acids that destroy the layer of enamel that covers a tooth. Tooth enamel is the strongest substance in the body, but it cannot be replaced. So once it has worn away, the decay spreads to the dentine and tooth pulp
Ironically, inflammation is the life-saving component of your immune system that helps fight off bacteria, viruses, and other foreign invaders. (A) Study after study points to countless ways in which chronic inflammation does great harm to the body. It has a damaging effect on arteries, which can lead to heart attacks and strokes. It destroys nerve cells in the brains of Alzheimer’s patients. It depresses the immune system
layers under the enamel. These layers have nerves in them,
and helps promote the formation of cancerous cells.
which is why tooth decay causes toothache. Toothache is
(B) In essence, silent inflammation is the polar opposite of
painful, but it does warn people to go to a dentist. A dentist
wellness. It lays the groundwork for chronic disease.
can remove decayed parts of the tooth and fill the cavity
What’s more, it has become a widespread disease in
with a type of white cement to prevent further decay.
America — and threatens to destroy our health care
*dentine (치아의) 상아질 **starchy 탄수화물이 많은
(C) It also helps damaged tissue repair itself from injury.
① necessity of brushing teeth regularly
Without inflammation we would be in big trouble, with
② function of toothache and its effect
no way to repair the damage constantly being inflicted
③ importance of enamel in our teeth
on us. But inflammation also has a dark side if it isn’t
④ cause of tooth decay and its treatment
turned off.
⑤ ways to filling the cavity in our teeth
303 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
system as we know it.
|30강 2|
In professional nursing today, there is an increasing emphasis
*inflict (괴로움 등을) 가하다 **artery 동맥
① (A) – (C) – (B)
② (B) – (A) – (C)
④ (C) – (A) – (B)
⑤ (C) – (B) – (A)
③ (B) – (C) – (A)
on evidence-based practice. Almost all of the currently used nursing theories address this issue in some way. Simply stated, evidence-based practice is the practice of nursing in which interventions are based on data from research that demonstrates that they are appropriate and successful. It involves a systematic process of uncovering, evaluating, and using information from research as the basis for making decisions about and providing client care. Many nursing practices and interventions of the past were performed merely because they had always been done that way (accustomed practice) or because of deductions from pathophysiological information. Clients are now more sophisticated and knowledgeable about health-care issues and demand from their health-care providers.
*pathophysiological 병리생리학적인
① a kind service through true empathy ② a good treatment in their experience ③ an authority from their background ④ a higher level of knowledge and skill ⑤ a firm intervention for their health E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
099
E 모든 변형문제
305 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어갈 곳으로 가
307 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어갈 곳으로 가
|30강 4|
장 적절한 것은?
|30강 2|
장 적절한 것은?
Eventually sauerkraut came to the Americas.
It involves a systematic process of uncovering, evaluating, and using information from research as the
Besides bread, wine, and cheese, most of us know
basis for making decisions about and providing client care.
about sauerkraut, or fermented cabbage. Although its name comes from the German words sauer (meaning sour) and kraut (meaning vegetable), sauerkraut is surprisingly not of German origin. ( ① ) Legend tells us that more than 2,000 years ago, fermented cabbage was a main food for the workers constructing the Great Wall of China. ( ② ) One thousand years later, Genghis Khan brought sauerkraut to Eastern Europe during an invasion. ( ③ ) Many elite Europeans kept away from this sour, fermented cabbage dish, but the peasants loved it and kept making it. ( ④ ) Sailors took barrels and barrels of kraut on long sea voyages, because its high vitamin C levels saved them from scurvy. ( ⑤ ) It became a traditional part of American farm life, as settlers turned large crops of cabbage into sauerkraut, effectively
In professional nursing today, there is an increasing emphasis on evidence-based practice. ( ① ) Almost all of the currently used nursing theories address this issue in some way. ( ② ) Simply stated, evidence-based practice is the practice of nursing in which interventions are based on data from research that demonstrates that they are appropriate and successful. ( ③ ) Many nursing practices and interventions of the past were performed merely because they had always been done that way (accustomed practice) or because of deductions from pathophysiological information. ( ④ ) Clients are now more sophisticated and knowledgeable about health-care issues and demand a higher level of knowledge and skill from their health-care *pathophysiological 병리생리학적인 providers. ( ⑤ )
preserving the cabbage to feed their families all winter. *scurvy 괴혈병
308 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
|30강 3|
Ironically, inflammation is the life-saving component of your immune system that helps fight off bacteria, viruses, and other foreign invaders. It also helps damaged tissue
306 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어갈 곳으로 가 |30강 1|
장 적절한 것은?
So once it has worn away, the decay spreads to the dentine and tooth pulp layers under the enamel. Tooth decay is the most common disease of the teeth. When teeth are not brushed properly, a yellowish substance called plaque starts to coat their surface. ( ① ) Bacteria that live on plaque change the particles of sugar and starchy food on teeth into acids that destroy the layer of enamel that covers a tooth. ( ② ) Tooth enamel is the strongest substance in the body, but it cannot be replaced. ( ③ ) These layers have nerves in them, which is why tooth decay causes toothache. ( ④ ) Toothache is painful, but it does warn people to go to a dentist. ( ⑤ ) A dentist can remove decayed parts of the tooth and fill the cavity with a type of white cement to prevent further decay.
100
*dentine (치아의) 상아질 **starchy 탄수화물이 많은
repair itself from injury. Without inflammation we would be in big trouble, with no way to repair the damage constantly being inflicted on us. But inflammation also has a dark side if it isn’t turned off. Study after study points to countless ways in which chronic inflammation does great harm to the body. It has a damaging effect on arteries, which can lead to heart attacks and strokes. It destroys nerve cells in the brains of Alzheimer’s patients. It depresses the immune system and helps promote the formation of cancerous cells. In essence, silent inflammation is the polar opposite of wellness. It lays the groundwork for chronic disease. What’s more, it has become a widespread disease in America — and threatens to destroy our health care system as we know it. *inflict (괴로움 등을) 가하다 **artery 동맥
① Inflammation : Double-edged Sword ② Warning : Silent Inflammation Attacks! ③ Chronic Disease : Why And How To? ④ Angel In Immune System : Inflammation ⑤ What Is Important? Warning Or Preventing?
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ALL IN ONE
E 모든 변형문제
309 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 적절한 것은?
Test 1
|30강 4|
Besides bread, wine, and cheese, most of us know about sauerkraut, or fermented cabbage. (A) One thousand years later, Genghis Khan brought sauerkraut to Eastern Europe during an invasion. Many elite Europeans kept away from this sour, fermented cabbage dish, but the peasants loved it and kept making it. Sailors took barrels and barrels of kraut on long sea voyages, because its high vitamin C levels saved them from scurvy. (B) Although its name comes from the German words sauer (meaning sour) and kraut (meaning vegetable),
310 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하 |Test1 1|
지 않은 것은?
William Food Bank (WFB) appreciates and ① encourages food donations for the purpose of providing hunger relief in our community. Our policy is to accept, with gratitude, any food donation; however, we reserve the right to ② embrace any donation, which may be potentially harmful to the guests, volunteers, and staff of WFB. Although WFB holds a non-profit status, and is not bound by any Health Department standards, we have a ③ moral responsibility to the people we serve.
sauerkraut is surprisingly not of German origin. Legend
The working poor and homeless are considered to be a population at ④ higher risk for food-borne illnesses
tells us that more than 2,000 years ago, fermented
caused by the use of outdated or contaminated food. In
cabbage was a main food for the workers constructing
accordance with the mission statement of WFB, “…
the Great Wall of China.
to serve those in need in a spirit of dignity and love,”
(C) Eventually sauerkraut came to the Americas. It became a traditional part of American farm life, as settlers turned large crops of cabbage into sauerkraut, effectively preserving the cabbage to feed their families all winter. *scurvy 괴혈병
① (A) – (C) – (B)
② (B) – (A) – (C)
④ (C) – (A) – (B)
⑤ (C) – (B) – (A)
③ (B) – (C) – (A)
we ask that any food donation be made with serious ⑤ consideration for the health and nutritious well-being of the individuals we serve.
*relief 구호물자
311 다음 글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|Test1 2|
In organizations, there is no simple cause-and-effect relationship between introducing a management technique and getting an improved business result. This contrasts with other spheres of activity where simple causal relationships do seem to operate. Hit the nail with the hammer, and it goes into the wood. Show a dog food, and it salivates. This kind of simple cause-and-effect logic can be misleading if applied to the complex world of organizations, where it is difficult to trace single effects to single causes. Uncontrollable outside factors can sink a wonderfully designed team (a hurricane just swept the entire inventory out to sea) or rescue one whose design was so bad that failure seemed assured (the firm that was competing for the contract just went belly-up). In organizations, at the same time and interacting with each over an extended period of time. ① many decision makers are doing their own roles ② multiple causes are operating at the same time ③ various considerations should be made possible ④ many members are concentrating on their goals ⑤ different opinions of many people are expressed
E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
101
E 모든 변형문제
312 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
|Test1 3|
Repeated exposure makes us respond positively to strangers who just happen to look familiar to us. The
314 다음 중 글의 흐름과 관계 없는 문장은?
|Test1 5|
The general public generally views sport only as a physical activity. ① Those involved in competitive
friend Mary, or the cashier at our neighborhood grocery
sports, however, know that performance is also closely linked to mental and psychological capacities. ② To take
store is enough to make him or her seem familiar and
part in intensive training and competition, athletes need
thus less threatening. This occurs even when we are not
to have the ability to concentrate and persevere, to accept
consciously aware that we were exposed to a particular face. In a study that demonstrated this, subjects were
self-sacrifice and self-denial, to withstand suffering, and to abstain from specific activities and food. ③ In
asked to talk about some neutral topic with two people
modem sports, athletes can only succeed at the highest
who were confederates of the experimenter. Before the conversation, a photograph of one of the confederates
level if they combine the necessary physical and mental qualities. ④ Athletes’ performance tends to improve
was flashed on a screen so quickly that the subjects were
significantly after mental training. ⑤ Mental training
unaware of it. Despite their lack of awareness of this
needs to be done at every level of careers to succeed in
subliminal exposure, the subjects still responded more
this competitive economic environment. Experienced
favorably toward the familiar person than they did toward
trainers and educators have often seen naturally talented
the person whose photograph was not flashed.
young athletes fail in their performances due to a lack of
mere fact that a person looks like our uncle Harry, our old
mental abilities while less gifted youths succeed because
① Into The Sight, Into The Mind!
of their exceptional mental will and strength.
② Beauty Is Only Skin Deep! ③ Mere Exposure Can’t Make It! ④ Secret Of Subconsciousness ⑤ Beware of Familar Faces!
313 다음 글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|Test1 4|
Have you ever been in such a hurry to get somewhere that your memory of the journey is faint? The same can be true if you are searching for that specific someone to move your career forward or provide that perfect connection — you will miss some people that could have been very influential in your life. By all means set yourself a goal of contacting a whole group of people that fall into a specific category or job title if that is what you have decided will further your ambitions, but make sure you enjoy the journey too. You just don’t know . You may determine that the shop owner will be of no benefit to your aspirations of being a DJ on the radio, only to find that his sister is the star presenter on the local station. You can count the number of seeds in the apple, but not the number of apples in the seed. ① how you can help others to achieve their dream ② what to do to improve your personal relationships
315 다음 밑줄 친 부분 중 어법상 틀린 것은?
|Test1 6|
I was sitting in the porch of the house at the trading station of Vanovara at breakfast time and ① looking towards the north, when suddenly the sky was split in two. ② High above the forest the whole northern part of the sky appeared to be covered with fire. At that moment I felt a great heat as if my shirt ③ had caught fire. I wanted to pull off my shirt and throw it away, but at that moment there was a bang in the sky, and a mighty crash was heard. I was thrown on the ground some distance away from the porch and for a moment I lost consciousness. My wife ran out and carried me into the hut. The crash ④ followed by a noise like stones falling
③ how some people will influence your life over time
from the sky, or guns firing. The earth trembled, and when I ⑤ lay on the ground I covered my head because I
④ what result you can get from your own aspiration
was afraid that stones might hit it.
⑤ how many aspirations you can have in your life
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E 모든 변형문제
316 다음 글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|Test1 7|
Successful learning depends on numerous factors. certainly contributes, as does the learner’s attitude toward reading. Many people may
318 다음 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
|Test1 10|
Reaching 30 feet in height, the Autograph Tree, ① native throughout the Caribbean area, is a tough addition
share the same experience, read the same book, or hear
to the landscape. It is tolerant of drought, wind, and salt and will grow in ② almost any garden soil. It is a
the same lecture, but thinking and learning differ from
prime choice for the seaside water-saving beach garden
individual to individual because of what each person
and does well in large containers and roof gardens. Its common name comes from the fact ③ that numbers or
brings to the experience. Individuals relate to a common they already know — or don’t know. Converting to the
letters scratched on a leaf will turn white and persist. The inscribed leaves ④ have used as place cards at a dinner or
metric system, for example, will probably be difficult for
as a substitute for playing cards. The Autograph Tree is
learners who were taught measurements in inches, feet,
an excellent windbreak, screen, or wide-spreading shade
and miles. Similarly, understanding conflicts in another
tree. A green-and-white-leaved variegation is available.
nation can be difficult when learners do not know the
The seed grows readily under both dry and moist
climate, geography, and history of that nation. If learners cannot find relevance in a subject, they are likely to
conditions in soil, on stone walls, or in crotches of trees. It is considered ⑤ invasive in many areas.
ignore it. Thus, teachers must become aware of their
*variegation 얼루기(원래 같은 색이어야 하는 잎이나 줄기에
students’ previous knowledge of and experiences with a
부분적으로 다른 색이 섞여 있는 식물) **crotch 갈래
body of knowledge in different ways because of what
particular concept in content subjects. ① The teacher’s attitude to difficulty of learners ② The method knowledge is conveyed and obtained
319 다음 글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
③ The learner’s store of knowledge and experience
|Test1 14|
④ The norm of society about what is appropriate ⑤ The moral standard of each person’s perception
Uncertainty is a basic fact of life. Despite uncertainty, people must make predictions about the world. Will the car you are considering buying be reliable? Will you like the food you order? When you see an animal in the
317 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하 지 않은 것은?
|Test1 8|
When I do head to the store to buy new clothes, I try hard not to be sucked into buying the latest, ① expensive fashions. Instead I look for high-quality, versatile pieces that will still be in ② fashion next year and the year after. My eco-radar is always on, searching for clothing made from ③ earth-friendly fabrics like organic cotton or recycled wool. My conscience feels best when I buy from companies that follow ④ fair trade principles instead of those that utilize sweatshops to make their goods. If you’re like me, you can’t afford the ⑤ organic and fair trade versions every time, but know that each time you do choose to spend your clothing dollars on a sustainable
woods, what should you do? One source of information that is category membership. Although all Xpress Sportscars are not exactly the same, they are so similar that you can predict with some confidence that the new Sportscar you are considering will be reliable. Kansas City style barbecue ribs are not identical, but they taste more similar to one another than they do to roast chicken or tofu dishes. Knowing the category of an entity therefore serves to reduce the uncertainty associated with it, and the category reduces uncertainty to the degree that the category members are uniform with respect to the prediction you want to make. This category-based induction is one of the main ways that categories are useful to us in everyday life. ① causes prejudice
alternative, it makes a difference in the world. *versatile 다용도의 **sweatshop 노동력 착취 공장
② creates distortion
③ promotes harmony ④ reduces uncertainty ⑤ defines relationships
E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
103
E 모든 변형문제
320 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
|Test1 15|
321 다음 글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? |Test1 16|
TV can influence creative thought. This is a concern in the U.S. because children watch an average of 30
Wishful thinking . Recent research has
hours each week. Certain TV programs are designed
proven that people have an enormous ability to lie to
specifically for children and intended to be educational.
themselves and avoid seeing the truth. Duke University
But even these are probably bad influences. This
professor Dan Ariely describes a clever experiment. A
is because all TV shows require a passive viewer.
group of people are given an intelligence test, but half of
The children watching TV do not need to think for
them are “accidentally” shown a response sheet, allowing
themselves. TV shows can ask questions and pause,
them to look up correct answers before recording their
allowing a viewer to think, and this might be marginally
own. Needless to say, they score above the rest. Next,
effective, but TV programs tend to be fast-paced, free of
everybody is asked to predict their grades on the next
gaps, and supply detailed pictures, sound and everything
IQ test, in which there will be absolutely no cheat
an individual needs. There is no room for inference, for
sheets — and those who predict correctly will get paid.
problem solving, for originality. Programmers do not
Surprisingly, the half of the group that scored higher with
want gaps or opportunities for the viewers to think for
cheat sheets predicted higher results for the next test. The
themselves; they might turn the channel! In this light
cheaters wanted to believe they were very smart, even
all TV is very likely to stifle development because of
though their incorrect predictions of success would cost
the medium, not the content. You can have a good TV
them money.
show, but it is still TV and thus still leads to intellectual passivity.
① is stronger than dollars ② is powerful motivator
① Educational Efforts Of TV Programs
③ is proper in prediction
② Want To Be Creative? Turn The TV Off!
④ is not good for prediction
③ Creative Programs, Creative Viewers!
⑤ is effective than money
④ Imaginative World In The TV Show ⑤ Intellectual Passivity : Modern Trend
322 다음 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않은 것은?
|Test1 17|
Mountain gorillas are one of the most ① endangered of all nonhuman primate species. All of the approximately 700 mountain gorillas alive today are ② restricted to a heavily forested area in and around the Virunga mountains (the Virunga Volcanoes Conservation Area) shared by three countries: Uganda, Rwanda, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. This entire area is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. In addition, there is a ③ separate park in Uganda — the Bwindi Impenetrable Forest, that is also home to some of these gorillas. Tourism has been the only real hope of salvation for these magnificent animals, and for this reason, several gorilla groups have been accustomed to humans and are heavily ④ interrupted by park rangers. Nevertheless, poaching, civil war, and land clearing have continued to take a ⑤ toll on these small populations.
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*salvation 구조, 구제 **poaching 밀렵
E 모든 변형문제
323 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
|Test1 18|
325 다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?
|Test1 20|
The primary reason given by most regular exercisers
The roots of current insult laws can be traced to the
for continuing their fitness activities is that they help
fifth century B.C. Roman Law of the 12 Tablets, which
them feel better on a day-to-day basis. It could be argued
contained provisions concerning iniuria, generally
that the link between vigorous activity and mental health
translated as insult or injury. In its earliest use, iniuria
is just a function of genetic predispositions. However,
probably referred only to assaults or bodily harm;
there is evidence that regular exercise directly reduces the
however, a series of edicts expanded the concept of iniuria
risk of future psychological difficulties. In a study with
to include verbal attacks, insult, or outrage. Because
almost 2,000 adults, little or no recreational exercise was
the action for iniuria was designed to protect honor and
predictive of an increase in depressive symptoms eight
dignity, husbands could recover for insults to their wives
years later. Men who had many depressive symptoms
and fathers for insults to their children. As with modern
during the initial assessment usually remained feeling that
insult laws, iniuria was based on an individual’s feelings
way unless they began to regularly exercise. Sedentary
of insult and outrage, not on economic loss. Therefore
women who originally showed few symptoms also
the penalty was based on the position of the parties and
manifested increased signs of depression at the eight-year
the severity of the outrage rather than on any proof of
follow-up.
loss. Initially a type of civil action for damages, over time criminal remedies developed as well.
① Exercise : Recreational Or Functional?
*edict 칙령 **outrage 유린
② Want Sound Mind? Have Sound Body! ③ Depression : Prevention Over Treatment
① expansion of the range of iniuria in Roman Law
④ What Is The Cause Of Poor Health?
② how to make up for the verbal damages in Rome
⑤ Destructive Results Of Modern Life
③ history of economical penalties in Roman Law ④ distinction between verbal attack and bodily attack
324 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어갈 곳으로 가 장 적절한 것은?
⑤ beginning and characteristics of early insult laws
|Test1 19|
However, the concept of a rational action also incorporates the concept of a reason, and reasons need not be egocentric. The concept of a rational action can be seen to be quite complex: it is a hybrid concept. A rational action is one that is not irrational. ( ① ) Any action that is not irrational counts as rational; that is, any action that does not have (is not believed to have) harmful consequences for you or those for whom you care is rational. ( ② ) So rationality does involve, if only indirectly, the egocentric character of an irrational action. ( ③ ) The fact (belief) that anyone will benefit from your actions is a reason. ( ④ ) Reasons are not limited to facts (beliefs) about benefits to you or those for whom you care. ( ⑤ ) Thus an action that has (is believed to have) harmful consequences for you can be rational if (you believe) there are compensating benefits for others, even if you do not care about them.
E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
105
E 모든 변형문제
326 다음을 아래와 같이 요약할 때, 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 바
327 다음 글의 Durian에 대한 설명으로 적절하지 않은 것
|Test1 21|
르게 짝지어진 것은?
|Test1 22|
은?
The ancients made a distinction between knowledge
A fruit is the seed-bearing part of a plant, and is produced
and wisdom: unlike wisdom, knowledge was understood
to help in the dispersal of seeds. The pleasant flavor, color
to be something that can be taught. If you pay attention
and odor are meant to attract animals, which on eating the
to a lecture on physics, chemistry, or history, you will
flesh of the fruit, disperse or swallow the seeds which are
probably come away with knowledge — facts and
passed out in their excreta. In this respect the tropical fruit
information — you didn’t have before. Knowledge can
known as Durian is especially worth mentioning. Unlike
be given, taught. Although possessing knowledge is
other fruits, it emits a very strong smell recognizable to
important and an essential part of wisdom, it does not by
many animals, which travel from a great distance to eat the
itself ensure wisdom, whose elements are understanding,
fruit. The Durian smell comes mainly from its very thick
insight, good judgment, and the capacity to live and guide
and spinous outer coat, which is so firm that no animal
one’s conduct well. Many educated people, in fact, are
can easily break it. Only when the fruit ripens, does it drop
not good at making practical decisions, and they aren’t
from the normally tall Durian tree, and in the process it
noticeably better at living moral lives than other people
breaks open. This exposes the fleshy seeds, which are then
are. They have knowledge, but they lack wisdom. And it
picked up by various animals, and are dispersed across the
is with wisdom that moral philosophy is most concerned,
forest.
for philosophy, etymologically, is the love of wisdom (philo-, “love”; sophos, “wisdom” — from Greek). Moral philosophy, therefore, is the love and pursuit of wisdom in moral matters.
*excreta 배설물
① 많은 동물들이 인식할 수 있는 강한 냄새를 발산한다. ② 냄새가 맡은 동물들이 먹기 위해 먼 거리를 이동한다. ③ 주로 두껍고 매끄러운 외부 껍질에서 냄새가 난다. ④ 익었을 때 나무에서 떨어지면서 부서져 열린다. ⑤ 과육이 있는 씨를 먹은 동물들이 숲에 퍼뜨린다.
While the ancient thought knowledge as something that can be (A) , wisdom was thought of as something related to the ability to understand the world and make a good (B) . (A)
(B)
① transmitted
judgment
② transmitted
living
③ translated
impression
④ transformed
judgment
⑤ transformed
living
328 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절 하지 않은 것은?
|Test1 23|
Human social life originates with the evolution of parental care and the mother-infant bond. The behavior between mother and infant, and later between father and infant, is the foundation stone for adult bonding, friendliness, and love, all of which are at the heart of social organization. Unfortunately, all mammals, including humans, demonstrate ① ambivalence about other people. As powerfully wired as we are for social contact, so too are we wired for “xenophobia”: the fear of ② strangers. This fear begins during the second half of the first year of life, and although it is modifiable by culture, it is never totally ③ absent from human social relationships. This inherent conflict is probably what propelled our evolution into relatively ④ larger social groups; we needed social bonds, and yet we had to ⑤ minimize our fear-arousing contact with strangers. Thus, the perfect solution is a fixed, relatively small group of familiar people. Modern urban life, of course, poses serious problems in this regard.
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E 모든 변형문제
329 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것 |Test1 24/5|
은?
330 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 |Test1 1|
적절한 곳은?
Brain scientists are beginning to show that when the
However, we reserve the right to discard any donation,
mind quiets down and brain activity slows, we are able to
which may be potentially harmful to the guests,
connect the dots in new ways. When we are in a frenzy,
volunteers, and staff of WFB.
wildly searching for answers, we do more to handicap our minds than to actually solve the problem; we are
William Food Bank (WFB) appreciates and encourages
pushing our brains to the limits, failing to discover fresh
food donations for the purpose of providing hunger relief in our community. ( ① ) Our policy is to accept, with
insights. (A) Why it could not come to your mind when you needed it demonstrates a glitch in the brain’s search-and-rescue mission of immediately retrieving desired information that exists in your memory storage system. This simple example shows how you recall data when your mind is at rest. (B) But your mind was wildly searching for that person’s name, to no avail. Then somehow — out of the blue — when you were no longer trying, perhaps on your drive home from the encounter or when you were brushing your teeth, the person’s name came to you, clear as a bell. (C) Think back to when you could not remember the name of the person walking toward you; instantly you were embarrassed because you were well aware of all the facts about them, such as how you knew them, where they lived, and even their children’s names. ① (A) – (C) – (B)
② (B) – (A) – (C)
④ (C) – (A) – (B)
⑤ (C) – (B) – (A)
③ (B) – (C) – (A)
gratitude, any food donation. ( ② ) Although WFB holds a non-profit status, and is not bound by any Health Department standards, we have a moral responsibility to the people we serve. ( ③ ) The working poor and homeless are considered to be a population at higher risk for food-borne illnesses caused by the use of outdated or contaminated food. ( ④ ) In accordance with the mission statement of WFB, “… to serve those in need in a spirit of dignity and love,” we ask that any food donation be made with serious consideration for the health and nutritious well-being of the individuals we *relief 구호물자 serve. ( ⑤ )
331 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적 절한 곳은?
|Test1 2|
This kind of simple cause-and-effect logic can be misleading if applied to the complex world of organizations, where it is difficult to trace single effects to single causes. In organizations, there is no simple cause-and-effect relationship between introducing a management technique and getting an improved business result. ( ① ) This contrasts with other spheres of activity where simple causal relationships do seem to operate. ( ② ) Hit the nail with the hammer, and it goes into the wood. ( ③ ) Show a dog food, and it salivates. ( ④ ) Uncontrollable outside factors can sink a wonderfully designed team (a hurricane just swept the entire inventory out to sea) or rescue one whose design was so bad that failure seemed assured (the firm that was competing for the contract just went belly-up). ( ⑤ ) In organizations, multiple causes are operating at the same time and interacting with each over an extended period of time.
E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
*salivate 침을 흘리다 **belly-up 파산한
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E 모든 변형문제
332 다음 글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|Test1 3|
334 다음 글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|Test1 5|
Repeated exposure strangers
The general public generally views sport only as a
who just happen to look familiar to us. The mere fact
physical activity. Those involved in competitive sports,
that a person looks like our uncle Harry, our old friend Mary, or the cashier at our neighborhood grocery store
however, know that performance is also closely linked to . To take part in intensive training
is enough to make him or her seem familiar and thus
and competition, athletes need to have the ability to
less threatening. This occurs even when we are not
concentrate and persevere, to accept self-sacrifice and
consciously aware that we were exposed to a particular
self-denial, to withstand suffering, and to abstain from
face. In a study that demonstrated this, subjects were
specific activities and food. In modem sports, athletes
asked to talk about some neutral topic with two people
can only succeed at the highest level if they combine
who were confederates of the experimenter. Before the
the necessary physical and mental qualities. Athletes’
conversation, a photograph of one of the confederates
performance tends to improve significantly after mental
was flashed on a screen so quickly that the subjects were
training. Experienced trainers and educators have
unaware of it. Despite their lack of awareness of this
often seen naturally talented young athletes fail in their
subliminal exposure, the subjects still responded more
performances due to a lack of mental abilities while less
favorably toward the familiar person than they did toward
gifted youths succeed because of their exceptional mental
the person whose photograph was not flashed.
will and strength.
① causes suspicious responses to
① concentrated investment in facilities
② makes us respond positively to
② proper diet consisting of healthy foods
③ encourages us to investigate
③ ethical standard of their own society
④ makes us get accustomed to
④ appropriate training and education
⑤ gets us to think of family members
⑤ mental and psychological capacities
333 다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?
|Test1 4|
Have you ever been in such a hurry to get somewhere that your memory of the journey is faint? The same can be true if you are searching for that specific someone to move your career forward or provide that perfect connection — you will miss some people that could have been very influential in your life. By all means set yourself a goal of contacting a whole group of people that fall into a specific category or job title if that is what you have decided will further your ambitions, but make sure you enjoy the journey too. You just don’t know how some people will influence your life over time. You may determine that the shop owner will be of no benefit to your aspirations of being a DJ on the radio, only to find that his sister is the star presenter on the local station. You can count the number of seeds in the apple, but not the number of apples in the seed. ① necessity of categorizing your personal relationships ② essential factors in achieving valuable relationships ③ effect of human relationships on satisfying journey ④ importance of relationship on the road to your goal ⑤ how to effectively connect with people in your career
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E 모든 변형문제
335 다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?
|Test1 7|
Successful learning depends on numerous factors. The learner’s store of knowledge and experience certainly contributes, as does the learner’s attitude toward reading. Many people may share the same experience, read the
337 다음 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
|Test1 9|
My oldest nephew, who was a few years younger than I, ① was an English teacher who lived in a rural town an hour away from the city. He came to visit me and convinced me to let my son Danny ② live with him for
learning differ from individual to individual because of
the duration of his last year of high school. He taught in the high school near his home ③ where he would enroll
what each person brings to the experience. Individuals
him and promised me that he would take responsibility
relate to a common body of knowledge in different ways because of what they already know — or don’t
for Danny and help him get out of the city life of crime. Danny always ④ fascinated him. Though he didn’t have
know. Converting to the metric system, for example,
much in common with his younger cousins, he showed
will probably be difficult for learners who were taught measurements in inches, feet, and miles. Similarly,
up at my house frequently to take Danny out and spent a lot of time with him. He was a responsible man and ⑤
understanding conflicts in another nation can be difficult
was appeared capable of dealing well with young people.
when learners do not know the climate, geography, and
I believed he loved Danny and that he could help save
history of that nation. If learners cannot find relevance in
him.
same book, or hear the same lecture, but thinking and
a subject, they are likely to ignore it. Thus, teachers must become aware of their students’ previous knowledge of and experiences with a particular concept in content subjects. ① hidden causes of difference in learning capacities ② effect of knowledge and experience in learning ③ importance of appropriate teaching strategies ④ necessity of using universal measuring system ⑤ learning as a way of obtaining various experiences
338 밑줄 친 It(its)가 가리키는 대상이 나머지 넷과 다른 것 |Test1 10|
은?
336 다음 중 글의 흐름과 관계 없는 문장은?
|Test1 8|
When I do head to the store to buy new clothes, I try
Reaching 30 feet in height, the Autograph Tree, native
hard not to be sucked into buying the latest, cheapest fashions. ① Instead I look for high-quality, versatile
throughout the Caribbean area, is a tough addition to the landscape. ① It is tolerant of drought, wind, and salt and will grow in almost any garden soil. ② It is a
pieces that will still be in fashion next year and the year after. ② It is wise to pay attention to the trend in the
prime choice for the seaside water-saving beach garden and does well in large containers and roof gardens. ③
fashion industry and to buy some good items that can make you look attractive. ③ My eco-radar is always on,
Its common name comes from the fact that numbers or
searching for clothing made from earth-friendly fabrics like organic cotton or recycled wool. ④ My conscience
inscribed leaves have been used as place cards at a dinner or as a substitute for playing cards. ④ It is an excellent
feels best when I buy from companies that follow fair
windbreak, screen, or wide-spreading shade tree. A
trade principles instead of those that utilize sweatshops to make their goods. ⑤ If you’re like me, you can’t afford
green-and-white-leaved variegation is available. The seed
letters scratched on a leaf will turn white and persist. The
the organic and fair trade versions every time, but know
grows readily under both dry and moist conditions in soil, on stone walls, or in crotches of trees. ⑤ It is considered
that each time you do choose to spend your clothing
invasive in many areas.
dollars on a sustainable alternative, it makes a difference
*variegation 얼루기(원래 같은 색이어야 하는 잎이나 줄기에
in the world.
부분적으로 다른 색이 섞여 있는 식물) **crotch 갈래
E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
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E 모든 변형문제
339 다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?
|Test1 14|
340 다음 글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? |Test1 15|
Uncertainty is a basic fact of life. Despite uncertainty, people must make predictions about the world. Will the
TV . This is a concern in the U.S.
car you are considering buying be reliable? Will you
because children watch an average of 30 hours each
like the food you order? When you see an animal in the
week. Certain TV programs are designed specifically for
woods, what should you do? One source of information
children and intended to be educational. But even these
that reduces uncertainty is category membership.
are probably bad influences. This is because all TV shows
Although all Xpress Sportscars are not exactly the
require a passive viewer. The children watching TV
same, they are so similar that you can predict with some
do not need to think for themselves. TV shows can ask
confidence that the new Sportscar you are considering
questions and pause, allowing a viewer to think, and this
will be reliable. Kansas City style barbecue ribs are not
might be marginally effective, but TV programs tend to
identical, but they taste more similar to one another
be fast-paced, free of gaps, and supply detailed pictures,
than they do to roast chicken or tofu dishes. Knowing
sound and everything an individual needs. There is no
the category of an entity therefore serves to reduce the
room for inference, for problem solving, for originality.
uncertainty associated with it, and the category reduces
Programmers do not want gaps or opportunities for
uncertainty to the degree that the category members are
the viewers to think for themselves; they might turn
uniform with respect to the prediction you want to make.
the channel! In this light all TV is very likely to stifle
This category-based induction is one of the main ways
development because of the medium, not the content.
that categories are useful to us in everyday life.
You can have a good TV show, but it is still TV and thus
① ways to accurately predict through categorization
still leads to intellectual passivity.
② similarities between prediction and categorization
① can educate children properly
③ how to increase accuracy of classifying things
② can make people intelligent
④ similarities and differences in category members
③ can solve problems for people
⑤ danger of prediction through biased classification
④ can influence creative thought ⑤ can be the source of information
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E 모든 변형문제
341 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 적절한 것은?
343 다음 글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|Test1 16|
|Test1 18|
Wishful thinking is stronger than dollars. Recent
The primary reason given by most regular exercisers
research has proven that people have an enormous ability
for continuing their fitness activities is that they help
to lie to themselves and avoid seeing the truth.
them feel better on a day-to-day basis. It could be argued
(A) Surprisingly, the half of the group that scored higher with cheat sheets predicted higher results for the next test. The cheaters wanted to believe they were very smart, even though their incorrect predictions of success would cost them money.
that the link between vigorous activity and mental health is just a function of genetic predispositions. However, there is evidence that regular exercise directly . In a study with almost 2,000 adults, little or no recreational exercise was predictive of an increase in depressive symptoms eight years later. Men
(B) Duke University professor Dan Ariely describes a clever
who had many depressive symptoms during the initial
experiment. A group of people are given an intelligence
assessment usually remained feeling that way unless
test, but half of them are “accidentally” shown a
they began to regularly exercise. Sedentary women
response sheet, allowing them to look up correct
who originally showed few symptoms also manifested
answers before recording their own.
increased signs of depression at the eight-year follow-up. *predisposition 성향 **sedentary 주로 앉아서 지내는
(C) Needless to say, they score above the rest. Next, everybody is asked to predict their grades on the next IQ test, in which there will be absolutely no cheat sheets — and those who predict correctly will get paid. ① (A) – (C) – (B)
② (B) – (A) – (C)
④ (C) – (A) – (B)
⑤ (C) – (B) – (A)
② reduces the risk of future psychological difficulties ③ prevents exercise that is exclusively recreational
③ (B) – (C) – (A)
342 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
① increases the probability of depressive symptoms
④ makes possible an accurate and quick assessment ⑤ enables people to lead an appropriate life style
|Test1 17|
Mountain gorillas are one of the most endangered of all nonhuman primate species. All of the approximately 700 mountain gorillas alive today are restricted to a heavily forested area in and around the Virunga mountains (the Virunga Volcanoes Conservation Area) shared by three countries: Uganda, Rwanda, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. This entire area is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. In addition, there is a separate park in Uganda — the Bwindi Impenetrable Forest, that is also home to some of these gorillas. Tourism has been the only real hope of salvation for these magnificent animals, and for this reason, several gorilla groups have been accustomed to humans and are heavily protected by park rangers. Nevertheless, poaching, civil war, and land clearing have continued to take a toll on these small populations. ① Side Effect Of Gorilla Protection ② War Against Magnificent Creatures ③ Mountain Gorillas On The Line! ④ Eco-Tourism vs. Prevention Effort ⑤ Wonders Of Mountain Gorillas E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
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E 모든 변형문제
344 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
|Test1 19|
346 다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?
|Test1 21|
The concept of a rational action can be seen to be quite
The ancients made a distinction between knowledge
complex: it is a hybrid concept. A rational action is one
and wisdom: unlike wisdom, knowledge was understood
that is not irrational. Any action that is not irrational
to be something that can be taught. If you pay attention
counts as rational; that is, any action that does not have
to a lecture on physics, chemistry, or history, you will
(is not believed to have) harmful consequences for you
probably come away with knowledge — facts and
or those for whom you care is rational. So rationality
information — you didn’t have before. Knowledge can
does involve, if only indirectly, the egocentric character
be given, taught. Although possessing knowledge is
of an irrational action. However, the concept of a
important and an essential part of wisdom, it does not by
rational action also incorporates the concept of a reason,
itself ensure wisdom, whose elements are understanding,
and reasons need not be egocentric. The fact (belief)
insight, good judgment, and the capacity to live and guide
that anyone will benefit from your actions is a reason.
one’s conduct well. Many educated people, in fact, are
Reasons are not limited to facts (beliefs) about benefits to
not good at making practical decisions, and they aren’t
you or those for whom you care. Thus an action that has (is
noticeably better at living moral lives than other people
believed to have) harmful consequences for you can be
are. They have knowledge, but they lack wisdom. And it
rational if (you believe) there are compensating benefits
is with wisdom that moral philosophy is most concerned,
for others, even if you do not care about them.
for philosophy, etymologically, is the love of wisdom
*egocentric 자기중심적인, 이기적인
(philo-, “love”; sophos, “wisdom” — from Greek). Moral philosophy, therefore, is the love and pursuit of wisdom
① Reason : Motivating People To Be Rational
in moral matters.
② Definition Of Egocentric Human Relations
*etymologically 어원적으로
① relations between philosophy and wisdom
③ Rationality? In Terms Of Harm And Benefit
② ancient understanding of moral philosophy
④ What Is Difference? Rationality vs. Reason
③ difference between knowledge and wisdom
⑤ Various Opinions About Rational Actions
④ various elements of knowledge and wisdom ⑤ importance of knowledge over wisdom
345 다음 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
|Test1 20|
The roots of current insult laws can be traced to the fifth century B.C. Roman Law of the 12 Tablets, which ① containing provisions concerning iniuria, generally ② translated as insult or injury. In its earliest use, iniuria probably referred only to assaults or bodily harm; however, a series of edicts expanded the concept of iniuria ③ to include verbal attacks, insult, or outrage. Because the action for iniuria was designed ④ to protect honor and dignity, husbands could recover for insults to their wives and fathers for insults to their children. As with modern insult laws, iniuria was based on an individual’s feelings of insult and outrage, not on economic loss. Therefore the penalty was based on the position of the parties and the severity of the outrage rather than on any proof of loss. Initially a type of civil action for damages, over time criminal remedies ⑤ developed as well.
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E 모든 변형문제
347 글의 흐름으로 보아 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적 절한 곳은?
|Test1 22|
Unlike other fruits, it emits a very strong smell recognizable to many animals, which travel from a great distance to eat the fruit.
① a family consisting of parents and children ② a culture that made a stable society possible ③ a system that can protect them from strangers ④ a fixed, relatively small group of familiar people ⑤ a group of people who can be threat to others
A fruit is the seed-bearing part of a plant, and is produced to help in the dispersal of seeds. ( ① ) The pleasant flavor, color and odor are meant to attract animals, which on eating the flesh of the fruit, disperse or swallow the seeds which are passed out in their excreta. ( ② ) In this respect the tropical fruit known as Durian is especially worth mentioning. ( ③ ) The Durian smell comes mainly from its very thick and spinous outer coat, which is so firm that no animal can easily break it. ( ④ ) Only when the fruit ripens, does it drop from the normally tall Durian tree, and in the process it breaks open. ( ⑤ ) This exposes the fleshy seeds, which are then picked up by various animals, and are dispersed across the forest.
349 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
|Test1 24/5|
Brain scientists are beginning to show that when the mind quiets down and brain activity slows, we are able to connect the dots in new ways. When we are in a frenzy, wildly searching for answers, we do more to handicap our minds than to actually solve the problem; we are
348 다음 글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? |Test1 23|
Human social life originates with the evolution of parental care and the mother-infant bond. The behavior between mother and infant, and later between father and infant, is the foundation stone for adult bonding, friendliness, and love, all of which are at the heart of social organization. Unfortunately, all mammals, including humans, demonstrate ambivalence about other people. As powerfully wired as we are for social contact, so too are we wired for “xenophobia”: the fear of strangers. This fear begins during the second half of the first year of life, and although it is modifiable by culture, it is never totally absent from human social relationships. This inherent conflict is probably what propelled our evolution into relatively small social groups; we needed
pushing our brains to the limits, failing to discover fresh insights. Think back to when you could not remember the name of the person walking toward you; instantly you were embarrassed because you were well aware of all the facts about them, such as how you knew them, where they lived, and even their children’s names. But your mind was wildly searching for that person’s name, to no avail. Then somehow — out of the blue — when you were no longer trying, perhaps on your drive home from the encounter or when you were brushing your teeth, the person’s name came to you, clear as a bell. Why it could not come to your mind when you needed it demonstrates a glitch in the brain’s search-and-rescue mission of immediately retrieving desired information that exists in your memory storage system. This simple example shows how you recall data when your mind is at rest.
social bonds, and yet we had to minimize our fear-
① One man’s meat can be another man’s poison.
arousing contact with strangers. Thus, the perfect solution is . Modern urban life,
② All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.
of course, poses serious problems in this regard.
④ Do to others as you would be done by.
③ Heaven helps those who help themselves. ⑤ It is no use crying over spilt milk.
E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
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E 모든 변형문제
351 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어갈 가장 적절한
Test 2
곳은?
350 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
|Test2 1|
As many of you know, many street lights were not
|Test2 2|
Certainly, some have risked their very lives by asking unsettling questions or by holding unconventional views.
replaced after Hurricane Charley in our neighborhood. Neighborhood watch group members are coming around
Like shamans or witch doctors, philosophers and
with street maps indicating where we believe street light
scientists have often lived at the edge of society,
addition is needed in our neighborhood. Keeping our
dedicating their lives to expanding the boundaries of
streets well lit is a major deterrent to crime. We have a
knowledge and the ways in which we see, imagine, and investigate the world. ( ① ) True philosophy is
very dark area along Cousley in front of the Town Hall Tower which must be addressed. We also have some other streets that could benefit from some additional light. We will be putting stakes in the ground where we feel these lights may be located. Please let us know if you are opposed to the addition of more street lights in the
characterized by visionary courage and a willingness to look at the world in new and unfamiliar ways. ( ② ) In this way, the greatest philosophers and scientists have assumed a heroic risk. ( ③ ) Like a shaman’s journey to
marked locations. Call your neighborhood watch group
the otherworld, the heroic quest is often lonely and filled with danger. ( ④ ) But if successful, the true hero is able
member, or Denise Richard at 940.135.5599 to express
to attain a new level of insight or way of being, which
your opinion. The lights will be installed at no expense to
upon return to society, he or she can share with everyone who is capable of receiving it. ( ⑤ ) In this way, through
homeowners in this neighborhood.
*deterrent 억제책
the work and sacrifice of creative individuals, our
① Additional Installation of Street Lights
world view is constantly being expanded, rewoven, and
② Preparations for Hurricanes
enriched.
③ Street Light on The Map
*witch doctor 주술사
④ A Deterrent to Crime ⑤ Recruitment of Local Crime Prevention Officers
352 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절 하지 않는 것은?
|Test2 3|
Sometimes we may wonder why things happen the way they do. The answers are ① within us, but it takes time to be in touch with our inner selves when we are so caught up in the ② outside world. If we just spend a little more time looking back at our upbringing, we can understand that our present and our future are greatly a reflection of our past. As human beings, it is very ③ natural for us to try and eliminate or block out past memories that we view as “bad.” Why do we even use the word “bad,” when bad is in itself the ④ opposite of “good?” I believe, if we start using those past experiences as the lesson plan we were given to shape our future, then what we do in the present will be ⑤ worser than what we did in the past. Remember: our “present” was once our “future.” *upbringing (어릴 적의) 양육, 교육
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E 모든 변형문제
353 다음 글의 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것
354 다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈칸
|Test2 4|
|Test2 5|
은?
(A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
If you asked me to diagram a sentence, I’d be hard
Cotton growing and manufacturing evolved
pressed to do it. I have always struggled with this
independently in three regions of the world, South Asia,
exercise, and really never grasped the idea of a “dangling participle.” (A) , I like to think that I write pretty
Central America, and East Africa. From these regions,
well. The rules of grammar certainly help, yet we needn’t
and migration routes — from Mesoamerica to the north,
let rules get in the way of flow and creativity. Music
for example, and from East Africa to the west. Central to
instruction in schools sometimes includes too much
these movements of the cotton industry was India. From
focus on grammar and little room for creativity. If we
there, cotton growing and manufacturing skills moved
want children to read better, we should have them write
west, east, and south, placing Asia at the center of the
stories; if we want children to become poets, we should ask them to write poetry. (B) , if we want our
global cotton industry, where it would remain until well
students to be fulfilled and creative musicians, then they
twentieth century. India’s location, and skill with cotton,
must be given many chances to compose — without the
was most consequential to the plant’s prominent role in
rules of “grammar” hindering their way. We simply need
our world, since a group of Europeans, clothed no doubt
to let them compose and improvise. Creative activities
in fur, wool, and linen, was most impressed when they
will open the door to a much deeper understanding of all
stumbled more than two thousand years ago upon these
of the concepts, the “rules” that should be taught in music
amazing new fabrics arriving from a mythical “East.”
however, knowledge spread rapidly along existing trade
into the nineteenth century, and return again in the late
education.
*stumble upon ~을 우연히 발견하다
*dangling participle 현수분사 **improvise 즉흥 연주하다
(A)
India played a major (A) and technological role in the (B) of cotton worldwide.
(B)
① Still
Conversely
② Still
Therefore
③ Still
Similarly
④ However
Similarly
⑤ However
Conversely
(A)
E 모든 변형문제
(B)
① geographical
cultivation
② geographical
spread
③ temporal
cultivation
④ temporal
spread
⑤ temporal
export
수능특강 영어 편
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E 모든 변형문제
355 밑줄 친 부분이 가리키는 대상이 나머지 넷과 다른 것
357 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절
|Test2 6|
은?
One morning, before getting into the shower to get ready for work, I mentioned to Jim Sr. that I had a shoe that needed to be repaired and asked if he knew where I could take ① it. My father-in-law asked to see it, so I
|Test2 8|
하지 않는 것은?
In the midst of the civil war in the Roman Empire, one emperor, Vespasian, ① assumed power. His hold on power was ② insecure, and he had to think quickly
gave it to him, and then I began getting ready for work.
about how to gain acceptance from the people and bring about ③ instability to his rule. In this, he came
I am not one to spend a long time in the shower. I am
to understand that he could mesmerize the masses by
out and ready to leave the house in about thirty minutes. When I walked to the door to leave, I noticed ② it in a
providing them with sports spectaculars as a means
bag on the counter. Apparently, while I was busy getting ready, Jim Sr. got into his truck and took ③ it to the cobbler, waited while it was repaired, and brought ④ it
of great entertainment. If he could supply them with such ④ enthusiastic events, they would perceive it as a great achievement on his part. As part of this effort, Vespasian, along with his son, Titus, ordered a ⑤ huge
back home. I was amazed! I hadn’t even asked him to do ⑤ it. I only asked for the name of a place I could take
sports arena to be built. At the time, it was called the
it, but he kindly got my shoe repaired. It really made my
Colosseum.
day.
Flavian Amphitheater, but it would later be known as the *mesmerize 최면을 걸 듯 마음을 사로잡다
*cobbler 구두[신발] 수선공
356 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 곳은?
358 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것
|Test2 7|
Even beyond the classroom, we all have a certain capacity to attend to stimulation around us.
|Test2 9|
은?
Libby’s mother had her daughters securely tucked under her wing. But what about Libby, who wanted to venture out from under that wing? She could have rebelled, caused trouble, and gone her own way.
Students often have to divide their attention because they are expected to (or want to) engage in a variety of tasks and activities. ( ① ) Students report that they
(A) Both of these reasons may have stopped Libby from continuing to separate slowly or from rebelling and abruptly creating distance between herself and her
even do homework under these conditions, trying to complete school projects as they check email, hold phone conversations, watch television, and so forth. ( ② )
mother; she got hurt deeply inside instead. (B) In addition, her mother’s protective, ever-present aid may have contributed to Libby’s uncertainty as to
Essentially, they are trying to do two or more tasks at one time, with each task requiring some amount of attentional
whether or not she actually could handle situations on
resources, and this pretty much defines the concept of divided attention. ( ③ ) If the tasks in which we are
her own; she had not had much experience at attempting to do this.
engaged are simple enough or highly overlearned, we can
(C) Libby was sociable and probably could have found
complete more than one task because a behavior that we
friends to help her distance herself from her mother.
have learned so well that it is automatic does not always place high demands on our attentional capacity. ( ④ )
However, she really liked her mother and felt disloyal
If, however, the tasks are complex or new, it is virtually
her.
impossible to devote appropriate levels of attention to all of them at the same time. ( ⑤ )
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leaving her; her mother had always done so much for *tuck (안전한 곳 등에) 챙겨 넣다 **rebel 반항하다
① (A) – (C) – (B)
② (B) – (A) – (C)
④ (C) – (A) – (B)
⑤ (C) – (B) – (A)
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③ (B) – (C) – (A)
E 모든 변형문제
359 다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계 없는 문장은?
|Test2 10|
361 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
|Test2 15|
Fennel, a member of the carrot family, was cultivated
When you are successful and the new habit feels
in Europe throughout ancient times and the Middle Ages. ① The fennel whose stalk and seed were eaten by the
normal, it is time to create an anchor. The anchor is
Greeks and Romans was the original wild form native
loose your new habit. I once created the habit of seeing
to southern Europe, and is known as “bitter fennel.” Its
beauty in every human being. So when I felt the habit
seeds were used in seasoning mixtures and its stalks in stews and pickles. ② As early as the ninth century
was mine, I bought myself a geode, a stone that can be
A.D. a distinction was made between bitter and sweet
but if you break them in two, inside there is a beautiful
fennel, with the latter being the one especially favored in medieval cookery. ③ The stalk was frequently added
cave filled with shining crystals. So I put the geode on
to vegetable and meat dishes, and the seed dried, sugar-
person and I was really angry. I came into my office and
coated, and eaten as a breath freshener at the end of a meal. ④ All barren food cultual is essentially reflecting
threw my bag on the ground. “What a bastard!” I said out
the meaning of fennel which has the same meaning as ideal. ⑤ Physicians classified fennel as dry and warm,
to the geode and I realised that here I had a person with a
and described it as good for the eyes, for the movement
something beautiful.
valuable for those situations in which you threaten to
found around volcanoes. Geodes are rough on the outside
my desk and after a year or so I had had a dispute with a
loud, and immediately my eye was drawn like a magnet very rough outside, but somewhere inside there must be
of the bladder and bowels, and for the flow of milk. It was recommended for colds and digestive problems.
*bladder 방광
*geode 정동(속이 빈 암석 속에 결정질이 자라나 있는 돌)
① The Definition About real Beauty ② The Reason of Falling Into a Bad Habit ③ The Solution When Coming into Serious Conflict ④ The Necessity of Anchoring New Habit ⑤ The Situation To Lose New Habit
360 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
|Test2 14|
In a time when toys were few and far between, they
362 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 가장 적절한 것은?
|Test2 16|
With respect to philosophy, regardless of our
gave flight to a child’s imagination. A personal example may help ① make the point. When we went to visit my
particular personal living conditions, we all share
wife’s niece over the holidays, we didn’t expect a two-
in some knowledge that is common to us all. This
year-old cousin to be there. We had no present for her. My wife found a bar of lavender soap ② that we were
knowledge includes the basic principles of reasoning.
going to use. She wrapped it and tied it with a pretty bow.
reasoning processes. Because the basic principles are so
When StellaBlue opened the package, her eyes widened, ③ shouting in delight. Her own bar of soap! She clung to
fundamental, they are self-evident, they do not depend
it with great happiness and I could tell that for her, it was a bar of gold, a secret treasure, a perfumed soap ④ fitting
they cannot be demonstrated. Demanding that everything
for a princess like her. For StellaBlue, the bar of soap was
They are so basic that they are presupposed by all of our
upon any more fundamental principles of reasoning, and we accept as true be demonstrated by means of some reasoning process would be . It would
special and precious because it was so different, and so ⑤ much more personal, than the other gifts she usually
mean that reasoning could never get started in the first
got at the holidays. Children are robbed of that wonderful
do so successfully, at least on some occasions.
joy and flights of fancy when toys are no longer special .
*lavender (방향제로 말린) 라벤더꽃
E 모든 변형문제
place. However, it’s a fact that we do reason, and that we ① ideal
② ridiculous
④ negative
⑤ reasonable
수능특강 영어 편
③ practical
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E 모든 변형문제
363 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 곳은?
365 다음 글의 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것
|Test2 17|
|Test2 19|
은?
However, the debate inspired preservationists to
Past behavior is the strongest predictor of current
campaign for national park protection, which led to the
self-efficacy judgments. So by observing themselves
creation of the National Park Service.
executing successful moves, learners pay greater attention to and are provided with the information on how to best
The modern environmental movement developed in
perform skills to continue progressing. Although limited
the late 19th century. Early environmental organizations
in number, the sport studies that have examined the effect
were concerned mainly with nature conservation, wildlife
of self-modeling on psychosocial variables such as self-
protection, and limiting the pollution that arose from industrial development. ( ① ) The movement included
efficacy and performance have yielded encouraging results. (A) , Halliwell found improvements
diverse schools of thought. For example, during the
in performance and confidence of professional hockey
early 1900s, debates raged among conservationists over
players coming back from injury or after experiencing
building a dam on Yosemite National Park’s Tuolumne River to provide San Francisco with water. ( ② )
slumps when he developed music videos showing only the successful highlights of their games. (B) ,
Preservationist members of the conservation movement,
Singleton and Feltz examined the effect of self-modeling
advocating the preservation of nature for its own sake, opposed the dam on principle. ( ③ ) Utilitarian
on college hockey players’ performance and found
members of the movement, advocating the wise use of natural resources, supported the project. ( ④ ) The
greater shooting accuracy and self-efficacy for shooting
preservationists lost; the dam was completed in 1923. *utilitarian 공리주의의, 실리적인 ( ⑤ )
*self-efficacy 자기 효능(감)(스스로 상황을 극복하고 과제를
that the players exposed to self-modeling experienced performance compared with controls. 성공적으로 수행할 수 있다는 신념이나 기대)
(A) ① However
In addition
② However
Likewise
③ For example
In addition
다음 밑줄 친 부분 중 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않
④ For example
Similarly
|Test2 18|
⑤ For example
Likewise
364
은 것은?
A symbol is often an abstract representation of an object. A designer can use various degrees of abstraction to take the symbol further away from a ① realistic representation of the actual object, yet make it more representative at the same time. The ability to visually abstract enables a designer to focus on and convey a ② concise message that successfully creates associations to the product. Thus, a designer can focus on the value that a product will have for consumers rather than on its ③ physical characteristics, which may not be easy to transmit. The more abstract the image, however, the more ④ light the link becomes until it reaches the point when it is lost altogether. There is a balance between creating something interesting yet ⑤ complicated enough to be understood.
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(B)
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E 모든 변형문제
366 다음 밑줄 친 부분 중 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 |Test2 20|
않은 것은?
(A)
(B)
① On the contrary
In addition
The law of demand states that people demand less of
② On the contrary
Likewise
a good as it becomes more expensive. This theory was
③ On the contrary
Then
validated in Santa Barbara, California, when, during the drought of 1987 — 91, the city ① dropped water prices
④ Similarly
Then
⑤ Similarly
In addition
to help reduce consumption. Before the drought hit, Santa Barbara water was priced at a ② flat rate, meaning that the cost did not change when people used more water. In 1990, after three years of extremely ③ low rainfall, prices shifted to a block rate: as water supplies dried up, prices were raised in price “blocks,” and consumption dropped by 50 percent. After the drought ended, water use ④ rose, but only to 62 percent of pre-drought levels. “These prices ⑤ permanently changed people’s habits and attitudes,” UC Berkeley economist David Zetland wrote of Santa Barbara. “People change their behavior when the price of water increases.”
*validate 입증하다
368 비만측정에 관한 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것 은?
367 다음 글의 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것 은?
|Test2 21|
Some prominent journalists say that archaeologists should work with treasure hunters because treasure hunters have accumulated valuable historical artifacts that can reveal much about the past. But archaeologists are not asked to cooperate with tomb robbers, who also have valuable historical artifacts. The quest for profit and the search for knowledge cannot coexist in archaeology because of the time factor. Rather incredibly, an archaeologist employed by a treasure hunting firm said that as long as archaeologists are given six months to study shipwrecked artifacts before they are sold, no historical knowledge is lost! (A) , archaeologists from the INA (Institute of Nautical Archaeology) needed more than a decade of year-round conservation before they could even catalog all the finds from an eleventh-century AD wreck they had excavated. (B) , to interpret those finds, they had to learn Russian, Bulgarian, and Romanian, without which they would never have learned the true
|Test2 22|
In an effort to bring the population up to date with measurements of fatness, the public were reminded that weight on its own is not a sufficient indicator of fatness. Calculations of fatness in the form of Body Mass Index (BMI), which took into account both weight and height, were commonly featured in public discussions. And the resulting quantification of fatness as overweight (BMI over 25), obese (BMI over 30), or very obese (BMI over 40) effectively and efficiently divided populations into categories of fatness. The consequences of these calculative rationalities are interesting. In Australia, for example, the majority of men (67 per cent) are categorised as ‘too fat’. Thus the notion of population normality — usually understood as the condition to which to aspire — is thrown into question. The obesity ‘epidemic’ alerts us to the fact that it is now normal to be abnormal — even diseased.
*aspire 동경하다
① 체중은 비만의 충분한 지표이다. ② 비만을 수량화한 것이 사람들을 비만의 여러 범주들로 효과적으로 분류했다.
nature of the site. Could a commercial archaeologist have
③ 호주의 대부분 남성(67%)는 지나치게 비만으로 분류되었다.
waited more than a decade or so before selling the finds?
④ 일반적으로 동경하는 조건으로 이해되는 모집단의 정규분포라는
*INA 해양고고학 연구소 **excavate 발굴하다
개념은 의문시된다.
⑤ 비만‘유행병’은 비정상적인 것이 이제는 정상적이라는 것이다. E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
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E 모든 변형문제
369 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 가장 적절한 것은?
|Test2 23|
Whereas addressing conflicts openly, directly and freely in an individualistic culture is the norm, in a collective culture, conflict can be a terrifying experience for those involved. Individuals in a collective culture view conflict as . Since they are part
① The Promotion of Cognitive Development ② The Physical Development on Intelligence ③ The Parental Involvement In Education ④ The Motor capabilities and Social Skills ⑤ The Academic Outcomes
of the group, this makes it a threat to their own harmony and, worse still, if they are the cause of the conflict, they feel responsible for one of the most negative outcomes in a collective working culture. As a result, collective cultures are, by nature, conflict avoidant. Although this has its advantages in protecting group harmony, it has its disadvantages in making it difficult, particularly for an outsider, to know if they have group consensus or not. Most members of highly collective cultures would rather agree to something they do not believe in than risk creating a conflict. ① negative outcomes ② a threat to the group harmony ③ maintainment of group harmony ④ something to avoid ⑤ expressing their disagreement
371 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?
370 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
As many of you know, many street lights were not
|Test2 24/5|
The actions kids could perform at five months included “tummy time,” when infants could lift their head and shoulders for several seconds at a time; when they could sit by themselves; and how often they attempted to reach out and grab the objects around them. The researchers were able to show that the link from action to thought was explained not by the parents’ intelligence or education level but by the infants’ physical capabilities. When kids can sit up by themselves, their hands are free to reach out and grab objects, which allows them to learn things about the world that they wouldn’t otherwise. Infants learned that their actions could change their environment, which helped shape their understanding of others’ actions and intentions. Even the language adults used around moving infants tended to be more complex, something known to enhance infant
|Test2 1|
replaced after Hurricane Charley in our neighborhood. Neighborhood watch group members are coming around with street maps indicating where we believe street light addition is needed in our neighborhood. Keeping our streets well lit is a major deterrent to crime. We have a very dark area along Cousley in front of the Town Hall Tower which must be addressed. We also have some other streets that could benefit from some additional light. We will be putting stakes in the ground where we feel these lights may be located. Please let us know if you are opposed to the addition of more street lights in the marked locations. Call your neighborhood watch group member, or Denise Richard at 940.135.5599 to express your opinion. The lights will be installed at no expense to homeowners in this neighborhood.
*deterrent 억제책
cognitive development. In short, action and intelligence
① 지역에 가로등 추가가 필요한 곳을 도로 지도에 표시했다.
are inseparable. The end result, Bornstein says, is that
② 거리를 밝히는 것은 범죄에 대한 중요한 억제책이다.
“motor-exploratory competence in infancy is a catalyst for
③ 가로등이 위치할 곳에 말뚝으로 표시할 것이다.
adolescent academic achievement.”
④ 표시된 위치에 가로등을 추가하는 것을 반대해서는 안 된다.
*catalyst 촉매(제)
⑤ 주택 소유주에게는 어떤 비용도 부과되지 않는다.
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E 모든 변형문제
372 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하
374 밑줄 친 부분이 의미하는 바가 나머지 넷과 다른 것은?
|Test2 2|
지 않는 것은?
Like shamans or witch doctors, philosophers and
|Test2 4|
If you asked me to diagram a sentence, I’d be hard pressed to do ① it. I have always struggled with ② this
scientists have often lived at the edge of society, dedicating their lives to ① expanding the boundaries of
exercise, and really never grasped the idea of a “dangling
knowledge and the ways in which we see, imagine, and
participle.” Yet I like to think that I write pretty well.
investigate the world. True philosophy is characterized by
The rules of grammar certainly help, yet we needn’t
visionary courage and a willingness to look at the world in new and ② unfamiliar ways. In this way, the greatest
let rules get in the way of flow and creativity. Music
philosophers and scientists have assumed a heroic risk.
instruction in schools sometimes includes too much focus on ③ grammar and little room for creativity. If we want
Certainly, some have risked their very lives by asking ③ steady questions or by holding unconventional
children to read better, we should have them write stories;
views. Like a shaman’s journey to the otherworld, the
them to write poetry. Similarly, if we want our students
heroic quest is often lonely and filled with danger. But
to be fulfilled and creative musicians, then they must be
if successful, the true hero is able to attain a new level
given many chances to compose — without the rules of “grammar” hindering ④ their way. We simply need
of insight or way of being, which upon return to society, he or she can ④ share with everyone who is capable of
if we want children to become poets, we should ask
to let them compose and improvise. Creative activities
receiving it. In this way, through the work and sacrifice of creative individuals, our world view is ⑤ constantly
will open the door to a much deeper understanding of all
being expanded, rewoven, and enriched.
music education.
of the concepts, the “⑤ rules” that should be taught in
*witch doctor 주술사
373 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
*dangling participle 현수분사 **improvise 즉흥 연주하다
|Test2 3|
Sometimes we may wonder why things happen the way they do. The answers are within us, but it takes time to be in touch with our inner selves when we are so caught up in the outside world. If we just spend a little more time looking back at our upbringing, we can understand that our present and our future are greatly a of our past. As human beings, it is very natural for us to try and eliminate or block out past memories that we view as “bad.” Why do we even use the word “bad,” when bad is in itself the opposite of “good?” I believe, if we start using those past experiences as the lesson plan we were given to shape our future, then what we do in the present will be better than what we did in the past. Remember: our “present” was once our “future.” *upbringing (어릴 적의) 양육, 교육
① resume
② mirror
④ objection
⑤ standard
③ plan
E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
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E 모든 변형문제
375 다음 글의 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것
376 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
|Test2 5|
은?
Cotton growing and manufacturing evolved independently in three regions of the world, South Asia, Central America, and East Africa. (A) , from
|Test2 6|
One morning, before getting into the shower to get ready for work, I mentioned to Jim Sr. that I had a shoe that needed ① repairing and asked if he knew where I
these regions knowledge spread rapidly along existing
could take it. My father-in-law asked to see the shoe, so I gave it to him, and then I began ② getting ready for
trade and migration routes — from Mesoamerica to the
work. I am not one to spend a long time in the shower.
north, for example, and from East Africa to the west. Central to these movements of the cotton industry was
I am out and ready to leave the house in about thirty minutes. When ③ walking to the door to leave, I noticed
India. From there, cotton growing and manufacturing
my shoe in a bag on the counter. Apparently, while I was
skills moved west, east, and south, placing Asia at the
busy getting ready, Jim Sr. got into his truck and took my shoe to the cobbler, ④ waiting while it was repaired, and
center of the global cotton industry, where it would remain until well into the nineteenth century, and return again in the late twentieth century. (B) India’s
brought it back home. I was amazed! I hadn’t even asked
location, and skill with cotton, was most consequential
him to do it. I only asked for the name of a place I could take it, but he kindly got my shoe ⑤ repaired. It really
to the plant’s prominent role in our world, since a group
made my day.
*cobbler 구두[신발] 수선공
of Europeans, clothed no doubt in fur, wool, and linen, was most impressed when they stumbled more than two thousand years ago upon these amazing new fabrics arriving from a mythical “East.” *stumble upon ~을 우연히 발견하다
(A)
377 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
Students often have to divide their attention because
(B)
① However
Likewise
② However
Conversely
③ However
Similarly
④ In addition
Similarly
⑤ In addition
Likewise
|Test2 7|
they are expected to (or want to) engage in a variety of tasks and activities. Students report that they even do homework under these conditions, trying to complete school projects as they check email, hold phone conversations, watch television, and so forth. Essentially, they are trying to do two or more tasks at one time, with each task requiring some amount of attentional resources, and this pretty much defines the concept of divided attention. Even beyond the classroom, we all have a certain capacity to attend to stimulation around us. If the tasks in which we are engaged are simple enough or highly overlearned, we can complete more than one task because a behavior that we have learned so well that it is automatic does not always place high demands on our attentional capacity. If, however, the tasks are complex or new, it is virtually impossible to devote appropriate levels of attention to all of them at the same time. ① The Benefits of Multitasking ② The Importance of Expert Training ③ Distributed Attention ④ Automated systems ⑤ High Demands on Our Attentional Capacity
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378 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 |Test2 8|
적절한 곳은?
As part of this effort, Vespasian, along with his son, Titus, ordered a huge sports arena to be built.
380 다음 밑줄 친 부분 중 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 |Test2 10|
않은 것은?
Fennel, a member of the carrot family, was cultivated in Europe throughout ancient times and the Middle Ages.
In the midst of the civil war in the Roman Empire, one emperor, Vespasian, assumed power. ( ① ) His hold on power was not secure, and he had to think quickly about how to gain acceptance from the people and bring about stability to his rule. ( ② ) In this, he came to understand that he could mesmerize the masses by providing them with sports spectaculars as a means of great entertainment. ( ③ ) If he could supply them with
The fennel whose stalk and seed were eaten by the Greeks and Romans was the original ① improved form native to southern Europe, and is known as “bitter fennel.” Its seeds were used in ② seasoning mixtures and its stalks in stews and pickles. As early as the ninth century A.D. a distinction was made between bitter and sweet fennel, with the latter being the one especially favored in ③ medieval cookery. The stalk was frequently added to vegetable and meat dishes, and the seed dried, sugar-coated, and eaten as a breath freshener at the ④ end of a meal. Physicians
such enthusiastic events, they would perceive it as a great achievement on his part. ( ④ ) At the time, it was called
classified fennel as dry and warm, and described it as good
the Flavian Amphitheater, but it would later be known as the Colosseum. ( ⑤ )
for the eyes, for the movement of the bladder and bowels, and for the ⑤ flow of milk. It was recommended for colds
*mesmerize 최면을 걸 듯 마음을 사로잡다
379 다음 글의 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것
and digestive problems.
*bladder 방광
381 다음 글에 드러난 필자의 심경 변화로 적절한 것은? |Test2 14|
|Test2 9|
은?
Libby’s mother had her daughters securely tucked under her wing. But what about Libby, who wanted to venture out from under that wing? She could have rebelled, caused trouble, and gone her own way. Libby was sociable and probably could have found friends to help her distance herself from her mother. (A) , she really liked her mother and felt disloyal leaving her; her mother had always done so much for her. (B) , her mother’s protective, ever-present aid may have contributed to Libby’s uncertainty as to whether or not she actually could handle situations on her own; she had not had much experience at attempting to do this. Both of these reasons may have stopped Libby from continuing to separate slowly or from rebelling and abruptly creating distance between herself and her mother; she got hurt deeply inside instead. *tuck (안전한 곳 등에) 챙겨 넣다 **rebel 반항하다
(A)
In a time when toys were few and far between, they gave flight to a child’s imagination. A personal example may help make the point. When we went to visit my wife’s niece over the holidays, we didn’t expect a twoyear-old cousin to be there. We had no present for her. My wife found a bar of lavender soap that we were going to use. She wrapped it and tied it with a pretty bow. When StellaBlue opened the package, her eyes widened and she shouted in delight. Her own bar of soap! She clung to it with great happiness and I could tell that for her, it was a bar of gold, a secret treasure, a perfumed soap fit for a princess like her. For StellaBlue, the bar of soap was special and precious because it was so different, and so much more personal, than the other gifts she usually got at the holidays. Children are robbed of that wonderful joy and flights of fancy when toys are no longer special . *lavender (방향제로 말린) 라벤더꽃
(B)
① However
In addition
①
indifferent
→
nervous
② However
Conversely
②
anxious
→
joyful
③ Similarly
In addition
③ disappointed
→
satisfied
④ Similarly
Conversely
④
→
released
⑤ Similarly
Likewise
⑤ embarrassed E 모든 변형문제
delightful
수능특강 영어 편
→ delightful
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E 모든 변형문제
382 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장
384 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것
|Test2 15|
적절한 곳은?
I once created the habit of seeing beauty in every human being.
|Test2 17|
은?
The modern environmental movement developed in the late 19th century. Early environmental organizations were concerned mainly with nature conservation, wildlife
When you are successful and the new habit feels normal, it is time to create an anchor. ( ① ) The anchor
protection, and limiting the pollution that arose from industrial development.
is valuable for those situations in which you threaten to loose your new habit. ( ② ) So when I felt the habit was
(A) Preservationist members of the conservation movement,
mine, I bought myself a geode, a stone that can be found around volcanoes. ( ③ ) Geodes are rough on the outside
opposed the dam on principle. Utilitarian members
advocating the preservation of nature for its own sake, of the movement, advocating the wise use of natural
but if you break them in two, inside there is a beautiful cave filled with shining crystals. So I put the geode on my desk and after a year or so I had had a dispute with a person and I was really angry. ( ④ ) I came into
resources, supported the project. (B) The movement included diverse schools of thought. For example, during the early 1900s, debates raged among conservationists over building a dam on Yosemite
my office and threw my bag on the ground. “What a bastard!” ( ⑤ ) I said out loud, and immediately my
National Park’s Tuolumne River to provide San Francisco with water.
eye was drawn like a magnet to the geode and I realised that here I had a person with a very rough outside, but
(C) The preservationists lost; the dam was completed in
somewhere inside there must be something beautiful.
1923. However, the debate inspired preservationists to
*geode 정동(속이 빈 암석 속에 결정질이 자라나 있는 돌)
campaign for national park protection, which led to the creation of the National Park Service.
383
*utilitarian 공리주의의, 실리적인 |Test2 16|
다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은?
With respect to philosophy, regardless of our particular personal living conditions, we all share
① (A) – (C) – (B)
② (B) – (A) – (C)
④ (C) – (A) – (B)
⑤ (C) – (B) – (A)
in some knowledge that is common to us all. This knowledge includes the basic principles of reasoning. They are so basic that they are presupposed by all of our reasoning processes. Because the basic principles are so fundamental, they are self-evident, they do not depend upon any more fundamental principles of reasoning, and they cannot be demonstrated. Demanding that everything we accept as true be demonstrated by means of some reasoning process would be unreasonable. It would mean that reasoning could never get started in the first place. However, it’s a fact that we do reason, and that we do so successfully, at least on some occasions. ① 기본 추론 원리는 증명할 수도 없고 증명이 될 수도 없다. ② 기본 추론 원리는 모든 추론 과정의 전제가 되는 것은 아니다. ③ 기본 추론 원리를 증명하는데 사용하는 것은 과정 자체를 가능하 게 만들려는 것이다.
④ 추론 과정은 구체적 사실에 근거를 두어야 한다. ⑤ 기본 추론 원리는 실용주의 철학의 근간이 된다.
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③ (B) – (C) – (A)
E 모든 변형문제
385 다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 가장 적절한 것은?
|Test2 18|
A symbol is often an abstract representation of an object. A designer can use various degrees of abstraction to take
386 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
|Test2 19|
Past behavior is the strongest predictor of current self-efficacy judgments. So by observing themselves ① executing successful moves, learners pay greater
the same time. The ability to visually abstract enables a
attention to and are provided with the information on ② how to best perform skills to continue progressing. Although ③ limited in number, the sport studies that have
designer to focus on and convey a succinct message that
examined the effect of self-modeling on psychosocial
successfully creates associations to the product. Thus, a
variables such as self-efficacy and performance have
designer can focus on the value that a product will have
yielded encouraging results. For example, Halliwell
for consumers rather than on its physical characteristics, which may not be easy to transmit. The more abstract
found improvements in performance and confidence of professional hockey players ④ came back from injury
the image, however, the more tenuous the link becomes
or after experiencing slumps when he developed music
until it reaches the point when it is lost altogether. There
videos showing only the successful highlights of their
is a balance between creating something interesting yet
games. Likewise, Singleton and Feltz examined the effect
simple enough to be understood.
of self-modeling on college hockey players’ performance and found that the players exposed to self-modeling ⑤
the symbol further away from a realistic representation of the actual object, yet make it more representative at
*succinct 간결한 **tenuous 미약한
experienced greater shooting accuracy and self-efficacy The designer’s abstract representation of a product is (A) from the realistic expression of the product,
for shooting performance compared with controls. *self-efficacy 자기 효능(감)(스스로 상황을 극복하고 과제를 성공적으로 수행할 수 있다는 신념이나 기대)
but it is not completely (B) related to the product. (A)
387 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은? (B)
① around
anything
② near
anything
③ near
nothing
④ far
nothing
⑤ far
anything
|Test2 20|
The law of demand states that people demand less of a good as it becomes more expensive. This theory was validated in Santa Barbara, California, when, during the drought of 1987 — 91, the city raised water prices to help reduce consumption. Before the drought hit, Santa Barbara water was priced at a flat rate, meaning that the cost did not change when people used more water. In 1990, after three years of extremely low rainfall, prices shifted to a block rate: as water supplies dried up, prices were raised in price “blocks,” and consumption dropped by 50 percent. After the drought ended, water use rose, but only to 62 percent of pre-drought levels. “These prices permanently changed people’s habits and attitudes,” UC Berkeley economist David Zetland wrote of Santa Barbara. “People change their behavior when the price of water increases.”
*validate 입증하다
① The Limitation of Water Use ② A Flat Rate System ③ Price Changes Due To Supply ④ Change in Behavior due to Price Chances ⑤ Price Changes Based On Demand E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
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E 모든 변형문제
388 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 가장 적절한 것은?
|Test2 21|
Some prominent journalists say that archaeologists
389 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
|Test2 22|
should work with treasure hunters because treasure
In an effort to bring the population up to date with measurements of fatness, the public ① were reminded
hunters have accumulated valuable historical artifacts
that weight on its own is not a sufficient indicator of
that can reveal much about the past. But archaeologists
fatness. Calculations of fatness in the form of Body Mass
are not asked to cooperate with tomb robbers, who
Index (BMI), which took into account both weight and height, ② was commonly featured in public discussions.
also have valuable historical artifacts. The quest for profit and the search for knowledge cannot coexist in archaeology because of . Rather incredibly, an archaeologist employed by a
And the resulting quantification of fatness as overweight (BMI over 25), obese (BMI over 30), or very obese (BMI over 40) effectively and efficiently ③ divided
are given six months to study shipwrecked artifacts
populations into categories of fatness. The consequences of these calculative rationalities are ④ interesting. In
before they are sold, no historical knowledge is lost! On
Australia, for example, the majority of men (67 per cent)
the contrary, archaeologists from the INA (Institute of Nautical Archaeology) needed more than a decade of
are categorised as ‘too fat’. Thus the notion of population normality — usually understood as the condition ⑤ to
year-round conservation before they could even catalog
which to aspire — is thrown into question. The obesity
all the finds from an eleventh-century AD wreck they
‘epidemic’ alerts us to the fact that it is now normal to be
had excavated. Then, to interpret those finds, they had to
abnormal — even diseased.
treasure hunting firm said that as long as archaeologists
*aspire 동경하다
learn Russian, Bulgarian, and Romanian, without which they would never have learned the true nature of the site. Could a commercial archaeologist have waited more than a decade or so before selling the finds? *INA 해양고고학 연구소 **excavate 발굴하다
① the time factor ② archaeologist’s pride
390 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 곳은?
③ value of historical artifacts ④ the demand for benefits ⑤ degree of historical knowledge
|Test2 23|
As a result, collective cultures are, by nature, conflict avoidant. Whereas addressing conflicts openly, directly and freely in an individualistic culture is the norm, in a collective culture, conflict can be a terrifying experience for those involved. ( ① ) Individuals in a collective culture view conflict as a threat to the group harmony. ( ② ) Since they are part of the group, this makes it a threat to their own harmony and, worse still, if they are the cause of the conflict, they feel responsible for one of the most negative outcomes in a collective working culture. ( ③ ) Although this has its advantages in protecting group harmony, it has its disadvantages in making it difficult, particularly for an outsider, to know if they have group consensus or not. ( ④ ) Most members of highly collective cultures would rather agree to something they do not believe in than risk creating a conflict. ( ⑤ )
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391 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 가장 적절한 것은?
|Test2 24/5|
An interesting study was conducted by researchers at the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development in Washington, D.C. The team, led by
Test 3
392 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절 하지 않는 것은??
|Test3 1|
five months of age through adolescence, periodically
Williams Synthetic Turf Field in Community Park will be getting a ① makeover throughout the month of
assessing their intelligence and achievement. The
February. It’s hard to believe, but the field is nearing 10
researchers’ findings were striking. The actions kids could perform at five months predicted not only their
years of age! The town’s Parks, Recreation and Open Space Department will be working with a ② contractor
IQ at four and ten years of age but their academic
to remove the existing synthetic turf and rubber base and
achievement (reading comprehension and math problem-
replace them with all new materials. A portion of the
solving) at age fourteen. These actions included “tummy time,” when infants could lift their head and shoulders
parking lot, concrete paths and all of the turf field will be closed to the public during ③ construction. This project
for several seconds at a time; when they could sit by
should take no more than three weeks, but may ④ expand
themselves; and how often they attempted to reach out
longer depending on weather conditions. During this
and grab the objects around them. The researchers were
project, staff will not be accepting reservations for the
able to show that the link from action to thought was explained not by the parents’ intelligence or education
field. If you are associated with a sports group wanting to use the field, please plan for an ⑤ alternative location.
level but by the infants’ physical capabilities. When kids
Thank you for your patience as we complete this project.
can sit up by themselves, their hands are free to reach
*synthetic turf 인조 잔디
psychologist Marc Bornstein, followed 374 infants from
out and grab objects, which allows them to learn things about the world that they wouldn’t otherwise. Infants learned that their actions could change their environment,
393 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어갈 가장 적절 |Test3 2|
which helped shape their understanding of others’ actions
한 곳은?
and intentions. Even the language adults used around
Still, street crime would decline if interaction among
moving infants tended to be more complex, something
the residents of a community were more frequent, and if
known to enhance infant cognitive development. In short, action and intelligence are . The end result,
social bonds were stronger.
Bornstein says, is that “motor-exploratory competence in infancy is a catalyst for adolescent academic
A tightly knit community can minimize the problem of street crime. ( ① ) However, informal social control
achievement.”
*catalyst 촉매(제)
also poses a threat to the diversity of behavior that exists
③ irrelative
in a pluralistic society, even though it may curb violent crime. ( ② ) A sense of responsibility for other citizens
① interactive
② respective
④ different
⑤ inseparable
and for the community as a whole would increase individuals’ willingness to report crime to the police and the likelihood of their intervention in a crime in progress. ( ③ ) Greater willingness of community residents to report crime to the police might also prevent the need for civilian police patrols. ( ④ ) More interaction in public places and human traffic on the sidewalks would increase surveillance of the places where people now fear to go. ( ⑤ ) More intense social ties would reinforce surveillance with a willingness to take action against offenders.
E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
*curb 억제하다 **surveillance 감시
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E 모든 변형문제
394 다음 글의 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것
(A) It becomes a pathological condition only when the sense of inadequacy overwhelms the individual and, far from
|Test3 3|
은?
stimulating him to useful activity, makes him depressed
In studying behaviour one tries to keep the animal in
and incapable of development.’ Don’t let yourself be
as natural conditions as possible. The trouble is that in
awed by others. Everyone else may be better than you at
its normal environment the animal may be inaccessible and its behaviour obscured. (A) , if it is brought into the laboratory its normal behaviour patterns may be hopelessly interfered with by captivity or by subjecting
something, but everyone else is also worse than you at something. (B) The end result is to acquire an inferiority complex. In small doses this can be healthy. In the words of Alfred
it to artificial experimental situations. This problem is immediately multiplied if the animal is operated on in
Adler: ‘it is rather a stimulant to healthy, normal striving
any way, such as having recording electrodes stuck into its brain. (B) , an animal behaviour scientist must
(C) Even if you are competing with your peers, comparing
compromise between the inconvenience of studying the
yourself with them does not help. They are different
animal in its natural surroundings and the artificiality of
and will have different strengths. There will always be
subjecting it to the unnatural conditions of the laboratory.
someone else who is better than you at something.
and development.
Frequently both approaches are used, first the one and then the other.
*obscure 알기 어렵게 하다 **electrode 전극
(A)
(B)
① In the contrary
Also
② In the contrary
Therefore
③ On the other hand
Similarly
④ On the other hand
Also
⑤ On the other hand
Therefore
*inferiority complex 열등감 **pathological 병적인
① (A) – (C) – (B)
② (B) – (A) – (C)
④ (C) – (A) – (B)
⑤ (C) – (B) – (A)
③ (B) – (C) – (A)
396 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어갈 가장 적절 한 곳은?
|Test3 5|
So consumers rely on the knowledge of a health care provider to determine what services are needed, even though that provider stands to make more money by ordering more services. Medicine became big business with the expansion of new, higher-cost treatments and the increased numbers of physicians and hospitals in the United States. ( ① ) As more health care providers entered the market, competition increased among them, which, interestingly, increased the amount of services provided. ( ② ) This
395 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것 |Test3 4|
은?
How we see others helps to frame how we see
reflects a unique feature in the health care industry — provider-induced demand. ( ③ ) The average consumer of health care does not know how to diagnose his or her
ourselves. For many managers, the real competition is
medical condition and does not have a license to order services or prescribe medications. ( ④ ) As competition
not in the marketplace. The real competition is the person
increased, providers could maintain their incomes by
sitting at a hot desk near you competing for a limited pot
recommending more services to the persons they served. ( ⑤ )
of promotions, budget and management time.
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397 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
|Test3 6|
When Yasmin arrived at the conference site, she noisily greeted the first group ① that she encountered. Everyone loves Yasmin’s infectious enthusiasm and her obvious love of people. People were calling her over from all parts of the lobby, and consequently she ended up quite near the front of the line, ② heading into the main hall,
399 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것 |Test3 8|
은?
Fear is directly linked with desire. The stronger we desire something, the more intensely we fear losing it. (A) Each of these provides us with a different sort of pleasure and satisfaction, and life becomes richer and
for the start of the conference. She sat right in the middle
highly desirable, and the thought of losing these objects
of Row 3 and put her bag down to reserve a seat for her good friend Richard, who ③ would be arriving a bit later.
(B) Depending on which we cherish the most, we fear losing
She was still talking and greeting people as the hosts took
that the most intensely. Death, in particular, puts an end
the stage, and her excitement was fairly bubbling over,
to these attachments and their related joys, and thus,
with a smile from ear to ear. The only things brighter than her smile ④ were her clothes which helped her stand
people normally fear death the most.
out from the very large crowd that had assembled for the conference. A little while later, Richard arrived. They ⑤ didn’t see each other for more than 36 hours, so they were long overdue for a big hug. ‘Isn’t life great,’ she thought!
*overdue 오랫동안 기다려온
398 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
strikes fear in our hearts.
(C) Urged by various instincts, we strongly want, desire, and need both material and immaterial things. These range from life itself and the presence of loved ones to wanting fame, fortune, power, prestige, love, arts, sports, and so on.
*prestige 명망
① (A) – (C) – (B)
② (B) – (A) – (C)
④ (C) – (A) – (B)
⑤ (C) – (B) – (A)
③ (B) – (C) – (A)
|Test3 7|
Good writers are not passive; they don’t simply record immediate responses. They look closely, ask questions, analyze, make connections, and think. Learning to see with a writer’s eye benefits not just those who write for a living but all professionals. In any career you choose, success depends on A skilled physician detects minor symptoms in a physical or follows up on a patient’s complaint to ask questions that lead to a diagnosis others might miss. A successful stockbroker observes overlooked trends and conducts research to detect new investment opportunities. A passerby might assume a busy store must be successful, but a retail analyst would observe what merchandise people are purchasing and how they are paying for it. If all the shoppers are buying discount items and paying with credit cards, the store could be losing money on the sales.
400 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 곳은?
|Test3 9|
But the great lawyer didn’t say anything. There was a great lawyer in India. He was known to be one of the topmost men in his profession. So clients blindly trusted his ability. ( ① ) However, he was very absent-minded sometimes. Once he was fighting a case in the Privy Council. Two Indian States were fighting. ( ② ) When he reached the Privy Council with his assistant, he forgot for which side he was fighting. So he started arguing for the opposite party. ( ③ ) He was a great lawyer so he argued well. His assistant became very upset and anxious — what should he do? He pulled the lawyer’s coat many times, but he wouldn’t listen; he was so absorbed in the debate. When there was a break for tea, the assistant said, “You have destroyed the case. You are arguing against yourself.” ( ④ ) When the court
① positive attitude and immediate responses ② more efforts and patience
reopened, he said, “Up to now, I was giving you the arguments for the opposite party. ( ⑤ ) Now I will give
③ considerate thought and relative reaction ④ much experience and new investment chances
you the arguments for my party.” And he won the case.
⑤ sharp observation and minute analysis E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
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E 모든 변형문제
401 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하
403 다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계 없는 문장은?
|Test3 10|
지 않는 것은?
|Test3 15|
Curiously, we seem to be born to worry — perhaps an
Born in Haynesville, Louisiana, Geoffrey Beene
artifact of ancient memories carried over from ancestral
studied medicine at Tulane University before dropping out to ① escape a career in fashion. He started his career as an ② apprentice at Molyneux in Europe before
times when there were countless threats to our survival. ① However, most of the worries we have today are
moving to New York in 1951. In 1963, he opened his
not about really serious threats. We can learn how to
own company and received a Coty Award in 1964.
retrain our brain by interrupting these negative thoughts and fears. ② By redirecting our awareness to setting
Beene would go on to receive eight Coty Awards and,
positive goals and building a strong, optimistic sense of
in 1976, was the first American designer to show his
accomplishment, we strengthen the areas in our frontal
collection in Milan. Known for his ability to break from ③ tradition in regard to fabric end-use, his collections
lobe that suppress our tendency to react to imaginary fears. ③ Fearful Words partially shut down the logic and
played on the innovative use of fabrics together with his ④ exceptional ability to understand the human form. In
reasoning centers located in the frontal lobes. ④ Not
2001, Beene decided to remove his signature collection from department stores, thus ⑤ limiting it to a made-toorder business he conducted from his 57th Street offices. *Coty Award 전미패션비평가상 **signature collection 한정판 상품
only do we build neural circuits relating to happiness, contentment, and life satisfaction, we also strengthen specific circuits that enhance our social awareness and our ability to empathize with others. ⑤ This is the ideal state in which effective communication can prosper. *frontal lobe 전두엽 **empathize 공감하다
402 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|Test3 14|
The presentation of televised sports involves a highly production. Because of the complexity involved with producing a sports event, it is important to control as many variables as possible. The production staff generally includes a hierarchical division of labor, typically between the producer, the director, commentators, camera operatives, vision and sound mixers, and technicians. Each individual has clearly defined responsibilities, which they are expected to fulfill despite any deficiencies in equipment. Each is employed in a particular role according to skills and previous experience, although flexibility is also a desired quality. The pressures involved are not just of time but also of uncertainty, in that producers have to react to unpredictable occurrences both within the event and external to it. Thus, the game itself may be unscripted, but the production of the sporting event is as organized as possible. *commentator 실황 방송 아나운서 **deficiency 결함, 결점
① hierarchical and structured ② creative and sensitive ③ profitable and flexible ④ economic and positive ⑤ Divided and controled
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404 (A), (B), (C)의 각 괄호 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로 가 |Test3 16|
장 적절한 것은?
405 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
|Test3 17|
When you are successful and the new habit feels
In 2010, Tal Eyal of Ben-Gurion University in Israel
normal, it is time to create an anchor. The anchor is
and Nicholas Epley of the University of Chicago
valuable for those situations in which you threaten to
published the results of a series of experiments aimed
loose your new habit. I once created the habit of seeing
at improving our person and mind perception skills.
beauty in every human being. So when I felt the habit
Many of our errors, the researchers found, (A) [stem/
was mine, I bought myself a geode, a stone that can be
stemmed] from a basic mismatch between how we
found around volcanoes. Geodes are rough on the outside
analyze ourselves and how we analyze others. When it
but if you break them in two, inside there is a beautiful
comes to ourselves, we employ a fine-grained, highly
cave filled with shining crystals. So I put the geode on
contextualized level of detail. When we think about
my desk and after a year or so I had had a dispute with a
others, however, we operate at a much higher, more
person and I was really angry. I came into my office and
generalized and abstract level. For instance, when
threw my bag on the ground. “What a bastard!” I said out
(B) [answered/answering] the same question about
loud, and immediately my eye was drawn like a magnet
ourselves or others — how attractive are you? — we use
to the geode and I realised that here I had a person with a
very different cues. For our own appearance, we think
very rough outside, but somewhere inside there must be
about how our hair is looking that morning, whether
something beautiful.
we got enough sleep, how well that shirt matches our complexion. For that of others, we form a surface judgment based on overall gist. So, there are two mismatches: we aren’t quite sure how others are seeing us, and we are (C) [incorrect/incorrectly] judging how they see themselves. (A)
*complexion 얼굴빛
(B)
(C)
① stem
answered
incorrectly
② stem
answering
incorrect
③ stem
answering
incorrectly
④ stemmed
answered
incorrect
⑤ stemmed
answering
incorrectly
*geode 정동(속이 빈 암석 속에 결정질이 자라나 있는 돌)
① Difference of Analog and Digital media ② Management : Digital media can help ③ New Media and Cultural Heritage ④ Historical reconstruction is an inexact practice ⑤ The relative low cost of Digital media
406 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
|Test3 18|
We believe things that fit quickly and easily ① with which we already know. This is not surprising since coherence is precisely ② how we learn and expand our understanding of the world. What is surprising is the ferocity with which we both welcome beliefs that fit and reject beliefs that do not. It is not just that we test possible interpretations for the degree ③ to which they cohere with existing knowledge; it is also ④ that we unthinkingly and uncritically accept ideas that cohere. As we rush toward certainty, the first explanation that coheres with our web of previously ⑤ accepted beliefs invokes the feeling of knowing, generating cognitive confidence.
E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
*ferocity 격렬함, 사나움 **invoke 불러일으키다
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E 모든 변형문제
407 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장
409 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
|Test3 19|
적절한 곳은?
I remember one morning walking out of a restaurant
|Test3 21|
Functionalism approaches socialization from the perspective of the group rather than the individual. From
and wondering why I was whistling to myself.
it, we gain the image of people adapting to the attitudes of others, conforming to role expectations, and ①
Much occurs on a bodily level that we rarely think about. ( ① ) We listen to someone telling a sad story,
internalizing the norms and values of their community.
and unconsciously we drop our shoulders, tilt our head
patterns of a given society or group so that new members can function ② effectively within it. This incorporation
sideways like the other, copy his or her frown, and so on. ( ② ) These bodily changes in turn create the same
The object of socialization is to pass on the cultural
of values and roles occurs through emotionally
dejected state in us as we perceive in the other. Rather
significant reactions that are shaped by the social group.
than our head getting into the other’s head, it’s our
The functionalist perspective assumes that small children are relatively ③ unformed. Through socialization, they
body that maps the other’s. The same applies to happier emotions. ( ③ ) How did I get into such a good mood? The answer: I had been sitting near two men, obviously
develop a social self that reflects the society ④ to live. According to this, people are passive beings who are programmed in the ways of their society, ⑤ leading to the
old friends, who hadn’t seen each other in a long time. ( ④ ) They had been slapping each other’s backs,
criticism that functionalism presents an “over-socialized
laughing, relating amusing stories. ( ⑤ ) This must have
conception of man.”
*unformed 충분히 발달되지 않은
lifted my spirit even though I didn’t know these men and hadn’t been privy to their conversation. *privy 공유하는 것이 허용된 **dejected 낙담한
410 다음 글의 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것 408 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
Today, more than 150 years after the light bulb was invented, an average modern incandescent bulb lasts 750 hours. So why is there an incandescent light bulb in Livermore, California, that has been burning nonstop for 110 years? It’s because in 1924 in Geneva, all the light bulb manufacturers got together and created a cartel, at the time called Phoebus, to cut the life of a light bulb. By making the filaments less stable than they needed to be, light bulbs would burn out quicker, and the cartel could sell more. It was so serious that manufacturers were fined if their light bulbs lasted more than 1,500 hours. Before 1924 the average bulb lasted about 2,500 hours. Within a decade it was at 1,500 hours and has since declined to today’s 750.
*filament (전구 안에 든) 필라멘트
|Test3 22|
은?
|Test3 20|
It is important to remember that body image does not necessarily have anything to do with the actual appearance or abilities of your body. For many people, body image does not conform to their bodies’ physical realities. This is especially true for people who have negative body images. (A) , many people see themselves as overweight, when in reality they are not. Some people with strong, athletic bodies truly believe they are weak and incapable. (B) , some people see themselves as healthy and slim when their bodies are actually unhealthy and overweight. Distorted body images like these can be a sign of other emotional or psychological issues in a person’s life and can have a significant impact on physical and mental health.
**(incandescent) light bulb 백열전구
(A)
(B)
① Planned Breakability
① Likewise
On the other hand
② The Example of Aging Naturally
② Likewise
In conclusion
③ A cartel Called Phoebus
③ For example
On the other hand
④ The Origin of The Light Bulb
④ For example
In conclusion
⑤ Designing a Product with an Unlimited Useful Life
⑤ For example
However
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E 모든 변형문제
411 다음 밑줄 친 부분 중 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않은 |Test3 23|
것은?
413 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?
|Test3 1|
Williams Synthetic Turf Field in Community Park will
We normally use examples that are readily available
be getting a makeover throughout the month of February.
in our memories to assess the likelihood and/or potential
It’s hard to believe, but the field is nearing 10 years of
causes of an uncertain event. However, our memories tend to retain evocative examples more ① readily than
age! The town’s Parks, Recreation and Open Space
bland examples, and to make those evocative examples
the existing synthetic turf and rubber base and replace
available when we are making decisions, regardless of
them with all new materials. A portion of the parking
how frequently they occur and/or their direct applicability to the ② uncertain event about which the decision is
lot, concrete paths and all of the turf field will be closed
being made. In today’s information-overload society, this tendency can be useful and can often help us reach ③
take no more than three weeks, but may extend longer
valid decisions. However, it often leads to overestimating
staff will not be accepting reservations for the field. If
the likelihood of a high-profile risk, such as a plane crash,
you are associated with a sports group wanting to use the
and underestimating the likelihood of a less dramatic
field, please plan for an alternative location. Thank you
risk, such as a car crash. We tend to bias our thinking toward information that is more ④ hard recalled and/or
for your patience as we complete this project.
retrieved. We also tend to overestimate the probability of multiple events occurring ⑤ simultaneously if we can identify with examples of such coincidences. *evocative 기억[생각]을 불러일으키는 **bland 특징 없는, 단조로운
412 다음 글의 상황에 나타난 I의 심경으로 가장 적절한 것
Department will be working with a contractor to remove
to the public during construction. This project should depending on weather conditions. During this project,
*synthetic turf 인조 잔디
① Williams 인조 잔디구장은 10년이 넘었다. ② 인조잔디와 고무를 제거하고 새로운 재료로 대체할 것이다. ③ 공사기간에 주변 일부분을 폐쇄할 것이다. ④ 기상조건에 따라 연장될 수 있지만 예상 소요기간은 3주일이다. ⑤ 구장 사용을 원하는 단체는 대체 가능한 장소를 알아봐야한다.
|Test3 24/5|
은?
When I get near an ancient tree, I crane my neck to look up into its high branches. Resting my forehead on the trunk of the tree, I can smell the dusty bark and the sweet sap. Touching the bark, it is almost possible to sense the energy flow beneath my hands. And it is amazing to think that I am in the presence of something that has been alive, in this very spot, for hundreds of years before I was born. One thing I really like about standing under an ancient tree is how small it makes me feel. When I stand under a big tree, however, I am reminded that we are all just small pieces of a bigger puzzle. This gives me comfort, and hope. Comfort because I am reminded of the strength and resiliency of the natural world. And the trees give me hope because they have the power to remind us of our place in the natural world.
*sap 수액(樹液) **resiliency 회복력, 탄성
① boring and lonely ② sad and depressed ③ lively and proud ④ mysterious and romantic ⑤ peaceful and modest E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
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E 모든 변형문제
414 다음 글의 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것
415 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어갈 가장 적절한
|Test3 2|
은?
|Test3 3|
곳은?
A tightly knit community can minimize the problem
This problem is immediately multiplied if the animal
of street crime. However, informal social control also
is operated on in any way, such as having recording
poses a threat to the diversity of behavior that exists in
electrodes stuck into its brain.
a pluralistic society, even though it may curb violent crime. (A) , street crime would decline if interaction among the residents of a community were more frequent, and if social bonds were stronger. A sense
In studying behaviour one tries to keep the animal in as natural conditions as possible. ( ① ) The trouble is that
of responsibility for other citizens and for the community
in its normal environment the animal may be inaccessible and its behaviour obscured. ( ② ) On the other hand,
as a whole would increase individuals’ willingness to
if it is brought into the laboratory its normal behaviour
report crime to the police and the likelihood of their intervention in a crime in progress. (B) , Greater
patterns may be hopelessly interfered with by captivity
willingness of community residents to report crime to the
or by subjecting it to artificial experimental situations. ( ③ ) An animal behaviour scientist must therefore
police might prevent the need for civilian police patrols.
compromise between the inconvenience of studying the
More interaction in public places and human traffic on
animal in its natural surroundings and the artificiality of
the sidewalks would increase surveillance of the places where people now fear to go. More intense social ties
subjecting it to the unnatural conditions of the laboratory. ( ④ ) Frequently both approaches are used, first the one
would reinforce surveillance with a willingness to take
and then the other. ( ⑤ )
action against offenders. *curb 억제하다 **surveillance 감시 (A)
(B)
① Still
Also
② Still
Therefore
③ Still
Similarly
④ However
Similarly
⑤ However
Also
134
*obscure 알기 어렵게 하다 **electrode 전극
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E 모든 변형문제
416 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|Test3 4|
418 Yasmin에 관한 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은? |Test3 6|
How we see others helps to frame how we see ourselves. For many managers, the real competition is
When Yasmin arrived at the conference site, she noisily
not in the marketplace. The real competition is the person
greeted the first group she encountered. Everyone loves
sitting at a hot desk near you competing for a limited pot
Yasmin’s infectious enthusiasm and her obvious love of
of promotions, budget and management time. Even if
people. People were calling her over from all parts of the
you are competing with your peers, comparing yourself
lobby, and consequently she ended up quite near the front
with them does not help. They are different and will have
of the line, heading into the main hall, for the start of
different strengths. There will always be someone else
the conference. She sat right in the middle of Row 3 and
who is better than you at something. The end result is . In small doses this
put her bag down to reserve a seat for her good friend
can be healthy. In the words of Alfred Adler: ‘it is rather
talking and greeting people as the hosts took the stage,
a stimulant to healthy, normal striving and development.
and her excitement was fairly bubbling over, with a smile
It becomes a pathological condition only when the sense
from ear to ear. The only things brighter than her smile
of inadequacy overwhelms the individual and, far from
were her clothes which helped her stand out from the
stimulating him to useful activity, makes him depressed
very large crowd that had assembled for the conference.
and incapable of development.’ Don’t let yourself be
A little while later, Richard arrived. They hadn’t seen
awed by others. Everyone else may be better than you at
each other for more than 36 hours, so they were long
something, but everyone else is also worse than you at
overdue for a big hug. ‘Isn’t life great,’ she thought!
Richard, who would be arriving a bit later. She was still
something. *inferiority complex 열등감 **pathological 병적인
*overdue 오랫동안 기다려온
① to essentially compete
① 모든 사람은 Yasmin의 열정과 사람들에 대한 애정을 사랑한다.
② to have to compare with others
② 로비 여기저기서 오라는 부름에 결국 줄 앞 쪽에서 멀어졌다.
③ to overcome oneself
③ 친구Richard의 자리에 가방을 내려놓았다.
④ to acquire an inferiority complex
④ Yasmin는 흥분되어 입이 귀에 걸릴 정도였다.
⑤ to have always to make efforts
⑤ 회의를 위해 모인 사람들 중에 Yasmin을 돋보이게 하는 것은 그
417 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하 지 않는 것은?
녀의 옷이었다.
|Test3 5|
Medicine became big business with the expansion of new, higher-cost treatments and the ① increased numbers of physicians and hospitals in the United States. As more health care providers entered the market, competition increased among them, which, interestingly, increased the amount of services provided. This reflects a ② various feature in the health care industry — provider-induced demand. The average consumer of health care does not know how to ③ diagnose his or her medical condition and does not have a license to order services or prescribe medications. So consumers rely on the knowledge of a health care provider to ④ determine what services are needed, even though that provider stands to make more money by ordering more services. As competition increased, providers could maintain their incomes by ⑤ recommending more services to the persons they served.
E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
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E 모든 변형문제
419 다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계 없는 문장은?
|Test3 7|
421 변호사에 관한 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은? |Test3 9|
Good writers are not passive; they don’t simply record immediate responses. ① They look closely, ask questions,
There was a great lawyer in India. He was known to
analyze, make connections, and think. Learning to see
be one of the topmost men in his profession. So clients
with a writer’s eye benefits not just those who write for a living but all professionals. ② Writing is thought to
blindly trusted his ability. However, he was very absent-
be difficult for most people, but it is not.In any career
Privy Council. Two Indian States were fighting. When
you choose, success depends on keen observation and in-depth analysis. ③ A skilled physician detects minor
he reached the Privy Council with his assistant, he forgot
symptoms in a physical or follows up on a patient’s
the opposite party. He was a great lawyer so he argued
complaint to ask questions that lead to a diagnosis others might miss. ④ A successful stockbroker observes
well. His assistant became very upset and anxious —
overlooked trends and conducts research to detect new investment opportunities. ⑤ A passerby might assume a
times, but he wouldn’t listen; he was so absorbed in the
busy store must be successful, but a retail analyst would
“You have destroyed the case. You are arguing against
observe what merchandise people are purchasing and
yourself.” But the great lawyer didn’t say anything. When
how they are paying for it. If all the shoppers are buying
the court reopened, he said, “Up to now, I was giving you
discount items and paying with credit cards, the store
the arguments for the opposite party. Now I will give you
could be losing money on the sales.
the arguments for my party.” And he won the case.
minded sometimes. Once he was fighting a case in the
for which side he was fighting. So he started arguing for
what should he do? He pulled the lawyer’s coat many debate. When there was a break for tea, the assistant said,
① 가끔 건망증이 심한 변호사를 의뢰인들은 맹목적으로 신뢰했다. ② 두 개의 주가 소송을 벌이고 있을 때, 상대방 측을 위한 변론을 했다. ③ 상대방 측을 위한 훌륭한 변론을 들으며 그이 조수는 당혹스러웠다. ④ 휴정 시, 그의 조수는 변호사에게 상황을 설명했지만 변호사는 들 으려고 하지 않았다
⑤ 범정이 속개되고 나서 변호사는 자신의 측을 변론을 전개하며 승 소했다.
420 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절 하지 않는 것은?
|Test3 8|
Fear is ① indirectly linked with desire. The stronger we desire something, the more intensely we fear losing it. Urged by ② various instincts, we strongly want, desire, and need both material and immaterial things. These range from life itself and the presence of loved ones to wanting fame, fortune, power, prestige, love, arts, sports, and so on. Each of these provides us with a ③ different sort of pleasure and satisfaction, and life becomes richer and highly ④ desirable, and the thought of losing these objects strikes fear in our hearts. Depending on which we cherish the most, we fear losing that the most ⑤ intensely. Death, in particular, puts an end to these attachments and their related joys, and thus, people normally fear death the most.
136
*prestige 명망
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E 모든 변형문제
422 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
|Test3 10|
424 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
|Test3 15|
Born in Haynesville, Louisiana, Geoffrey Beene studied medicine at Tulane University before ① dropping
an artifact of ancient memories carried over from
out to pursue a career in fashion. He started his career as
ancestral times when there were countless threats to our
an apprentice at Molyneux in Europe before moving to
survival. However, most of the worries we have today
New York in 1951. In 1963, he opened his own company
are not about really serious threats. We can learn how to
and received a Coty Award in 1964. Beene would go on ② receiving eight Coty Awards and, in 1976, was the first
retrain our brain by interrupting these negative thoughts
American designer to show his collection in Milan. ③
positive goals and building a strong, optimistic sense of
Known for his ability to break from tradition in regard to fabric end-use, his collections ④ played on the innovative
accomplishment, we strengthen the areas in our frontal
use of fabrics together with his exceptional ability to
fears. Not only do we build neural circuits relating to
understand the human form. In 2001, Beene decided to
happiness, contentment, and life satisfaction, we also
remove his signature collection from department stores. Thus he ⑤ limited it to a made-to-order business he
strengthen specific circuits that enhance our social
conducted from his 57th Street offices.
is the ideal state in which effective communication can
*Coty Award 전미패션비평가상 **signature collection 한정판 상품
Curiously, we seem to be born to worry — perhaps
and fears. By redirecting our awareness to setting
lobe that suppress our tendency to react to imaginary
awareness and our ability to empathize with others. This prosper.
*frontal lobe 전두엽 **empathize 공감하다
① Human Anxious Tendency Can Change. ② Countless Serious Threats to Human’s Survival ③ Negative Thought and Feeling ④ Growing Positivity ⑤ Words Shape The Reality We Perceive
423 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절 하지 않는 것은?
|Test3 14|
The presentation of televised sports involves a highly structured and controlled production. Because of the complexity involved with producing a sports event, it is important to control as many ① variables as possible. The production staff generally includes a hierarchical division of labor, ② typically between the producer, the director, commentators, camera operatives, vision and sound mixers, and technicians. Each individual has clearly defined responsibilities, which they are expected to fulfill despite any deficiencies in equipment. Each is employed in a particular role according to skills and previous experience, although flexibility is also a ③ desired quality. The pressures involved are not just of time but also of uncertainty, in that producers have to react to ④ predictable occurrences both within the event and external to it. Thus, the game itself may be unscripted, but the production of the sporting event is as ⑤ organized as possible. *commentator 실황 방송 아나운서 **deficiency 결함, 결점
E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
137
E 모든 변형문제
425 다음 글의 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것
426 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것
|Test3 16|
은?
|Test3 17|
은?
In 2010, Tal Eyal of Ben-Gurion University in Israel
Digital media’s discrete (rather than analog) nature
and Nicholas Epley of the University of Chicago
lends it the ability to deal with chunks of data, which
published the results of a series of experiments aimed
can be stored separately but linked to one another in
at improving our person and mind perception skills.
meaningful ways.
Many of our errors, the researchers found, stem from a basic mismatch between how we analyze ourselves and
(A) This ability is known as data management — the process for which computer technology has practically
how we analyze others. When it comes to ourselves, we
been invented. But the relative ease of making such
employ a fine-grained, highly contextualized level of detail. When we think about others, however, we operate
connections can lead to less thorough examination when
at a much higher, more generalized and abstract level. (A) , when answering the same question about
(B) For example, when physical books are shelved in a
ourselves or others — how attractive are you? — we use
library, much thought must go into determining their
very different cues. For our own appearance, we think
logical proximities. But when the books are virtual and the
about how our hair is looking that morning, whether
“shelving” is digital, a search engine will easily retrieve
we got enough sleep, how well that shirt matches our
correlated materials, as well as nonsensical associations.
complexion. For that of others, we form a surface judgment based on overall gist. (B) , there are
(C) It is possible, therefore, to connect a text to a specific
two mismatches: we aren’t quite sure how others are
painting. It is possible to connect existing buildings to
making them.
building, and a found texture to one appearing in a
seeing us, and we are incorrectly judging how they see themselves. (A)
(B)
① Likewise
So
② Likewise
In conclusion
③ For example
Likewise
④ For example
In conclusion
⑤ For example
So
138
similar remains elsewhere and fill in missing details.
*complexion 얼굴빛
*found texture 주변 사물의 질감 **proximity 근접성, 가까움
① (A) – (C) – (B)
② (B) – (A) – (C)
④ (C) – (A) – (B)
⑤ (C) – (B) – (A)
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E 모든 변형문제
427 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
|Test3 18|
We believe things that fit quickly and easily with what
429 백열 전구에 관한 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것 |Test3 20|
은?
we already know. This is not surprising since coherence
Perhaps the most famous case of planned breakability
is precisely how we learn and expand our understanding
— designing a product with an artificially limited
of the world. What is surprising is the ferocity with which
useful life — is that of the light bulb. Today, more than
we both welcome beliefs that fit and reject beliefs that do
150 years after the light bulb was invented, an average
not. It is not just that we test possible interpretations for
modern incandescent bulb lasts 750 hours. So why is
the degree to which they cohere with existing knowledge;
there an incandescent light bulb in Livermore, California,
it is also that we unthinkingly and uncritically accept
that has been burning nonstop for 110 years? It’s because
ideas that cohere. As we rush toward certainty, the first
in 1924 in Geneva, all the light bulb manufacturers got
explanation that coheres with our web of previously
together and created a cartel, at the time called Phoebus,
accepted beliefs invokes the feeling of knowing, .
to cut the life of a light bulb. By making the filaments
*ferocity 격렬함, 사나움 **invoke 불러일으키다
burn out quicker, and the cartel could sell more. It was so
less stable than they needed to be, light bulbs would serious that manufacturers were fined if their light bulbs
① processing curious inquiry
lasted more than 1,500 hours. Before 1924 the average
② staying coherence of what we know
bulb lasted about 2,500 hours. Within a decade it was at
③ rushing toward creative thing
1,500 hours and has since declined to today’s 750.
④ expressing open and flexible thoughts
*filament (전구 안에 든) 필라멘트
⑤ creating cognitive confidence
**(incandescent) light bulb 백열전구
① 현대의 일반적인 전구는 750시간 지속한다. ② 캘리포니아 리버모어 전구는 110년 동안 켜져 있다. ③ 백열전구가 빠르게 소진되는 것은 필라멘트를 덜 안정적으로 만들 었기 때문이다.
428
④ Phoebus는 1500시간 넘게 지속하는 백열전구를 만들었다. 다음 밑줄 친 부분 중 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지
않은 것은?
⑤ 1924년 전 백열전구는 2500시간 지속했다.
|Test3 19|
Much occurs on a bodily level that we ① usually think about. We listen to someone telling a sad story, and ② unconsciously we drop our shoulders, tilt our head sideways like the other, copy his or her frown, and so on. These bodily changes in turn create the same dejected state in us as we perceive in the other. Rather than our head getting into the other’s head, it’s our body that maps the other’s. The same applies to ③ happier emotions. I remember one morning walking out of a restaurant and wondering why I was ④ whistling to myself. How did I get into such a good mood? The answer: I had been sitting near two men, obviously old friends, who hadn’t seen each other in a long time. They had been slapping each other’s backs, laughing, ⑤ relating amusing stories. This must have lifted my spirit even though I didn’t know these men and hadn’t been privy to their conversation.
E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
139
E 모든 변형문제
430 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장
432 다음 글의 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것
|Test3 21|
적절한 곳은?
|Test3 23|
은?
This incorporation of values and roles occurs through
We normally use examples that are readily available
emotionally significant reactions that are shaped by the
in our memories to assess the likelihood and/or potential causes of an uncertain event. (A) , our memories
social group.
tend to retain evocative examples more readily than Functionalism approaches socialization from the perspective of the group rather than the individual. ( ① )
bland examples, and to make those evocative examples
From it, we gain the image of people adapting to the
how frequently they occur and/or their direct applicability
attitudes of others, conforming to role expectations, and
to the uncertain event about which the decision is being
internalizing the norms and values of their community. ( ② ) The object of socialization is to pass on the
made. In today’s information-overload society, this
cultural patterns of a given society or group so that new members can function effectively within it. ( ③ ) The
decisions. However, it often leads to overestimating the
functionalist perspective assumes that small children are relatively unformed. ( ④ ) Through socialization, they
and underestimating the likelihood of a less dramatic risk,
develop a social self that reflects the society in which they live. ( ⑤ ) According to this, people are passive
information that is more easily recalled and/or retrieved. (B) , We tend to overestimate the probability
beings who are programmed in the ways of their society,
of multiple events coinciding if we can identify with
leading to the criticism that functionalism presents an
examples of such coincidences.
available when we are making decisions, regardless of
tendency can be useful and can often help us reach valid likelihood of a high-profile risk, such as a plane crash, such as a car crash. We tend to bias our thinking toward
*evocative 기억[생각]을 불러일으키는 **bland 특징 없는, 단조로운
“over-socialized conception of man.” *unformed 충분히 발달되지 않은
431 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
|Test3 22|
It is important to remember that body image does not necessarily have anything to do with the actual appearance or abilities of your body. For many people, body image does not conform to their bodies’ physical
(A) ① However
Therefore
② However
In conclusion
③ However
In addition
④ For example
In conclusion
⑤ For example
In addition
realities. This is especially true for people who have negative body images. For example, many people see themselves as overweight, when in reality they are not. Some people with strong, athletic bodies truly believe they are weak and incapable. On the other hand, some people see themselves as healthy and slim when their bodies are actually unhealthy and overweight. Distorted body images like these can be a sign of other emotional or psychological issues in a person’s life and can have a significant impact on physical and mental health. ① Wanting To The a Beautiful Body ② Feeling Confident About One’s Physical Body ③ The Quest For The Perfect Body Or Look ④ Changing Your Looks Will Change You Life ⑤ Building a Positive Body Imagine Is a Never-ending Process
140
(B)
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E 모든 변형문제
433 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것 |Test3 24/5|
은?
When I get near an ancient tree, I crane my neck to look up into its high branches. But more than anything else, I feel an urge to get close to it and, if possible, climb onto it, even just onto an exposed root. (A) And it is amazing to think that I am in the presence of something that has been alive, in this very spot, for hundreds of years before I was born. One thing I really like about standing under an ancient tree is how small it makes me feel. (B) Resting my forehead on the trunk of the tree, I can smell the dusty bark and the sweet sap. The most alive part of a tree is just under the bark, where it transports water and sugars and minerals up and down between the roots and the branches. Touching the bark, it is almost possible to sense the energy flow beneath my hands. (C) When I stand under a big tree, however, I am reminded that we are all just small pieces of a bigger puzzle. This gives me comfort, and hope. Comfort because I am reminded of the strength and resiliency of the natural world. And the trees give me hope because they have the power to remind us of our place in the natural world. *sap 수액(樹液) **resiliency 회복력, 탄성
① (A) – (C) – (B)
② (B) – (A) – (C)
④ (C) – (A) – (B)
⑤ (C) – (B) – (A)
③ (B) – (C) – (A)
E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
141
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E 모든 2 0 1 8 학 년 도
수 능
및
내 신
대 비
필 독 서
변형문제 정답 및 해설
E 모든 변형문제 정답
01강
1 ②
2 ③
3 ⑤
6 ⑤
7 ③
8 ④
09강
4 ④
5 ③
105 ④
106 ②
107 ①
110 ③
111 ④
112 ④
02강
108 ③
109 ⑤
11강
9 ⑤
10 ③
11 ①
12 ②
13 ④
113 ⑤
114 ④
115 ③
116 ⑤
117 ②
14 ④
15 ④
16 ①
17 ③
18 ②
118 ④
119 ③
120 ⑤
121 ⑤
122 ⑤
19 ①
20 ④
21 ②
22 ③
23 ⑤
123 ②
124 ③
125 ①
126 ③
127 ②
128 ③
129 ④
130 ④
131 ③
132 ④
133 ③
134 ④
135 ③
136 ②
24 ④ 03강
12강
25 ①
26 ④
27 ④
28 ②
29 ④
30 ②
31 ③
32 ②
33 ③
34 ⑤
137 ④
138 ④
139 ②
35 ④
36 ②
37 ①
38 ③
39 ⑤
142 ④
143 ③
144 ③
140 ②
141 ②
40 ② 13강 04강
145 ③
146 ⑤
147 ⑤
148 ④
149 ④
41 ③
42 ③
43 ⑤
44 ①
45 ⑤
150 ④
151 ④
152 ②
153 ④
154 ④
46 ③
47 ⑤
48 ①
49 ④
50 ②
155 ④
156 ④
157 ⑤
158 ⑤
159 ②
51 ④
52 ⑤
53 ④
54 ⑤
55 ②
160 ④
56 ④ 14강 05강
57 ⑤
58 ④
59 ③
62 ⑤
63 ⑤
64 ④
60 ②
61 ②
161 ⑤
162 ④
163 ③
164 ②
165 ③
166 ④
167 ③
168 ⑤
169 ④
170 ③
171 ②
172 ①
173 ③
174 ③
175 ④
176 ② 06강 15강
65 ②
66 ③
67 ③
68 ②
69 ④
70 ②
71 ⑤
72 ④
73 ②
74 ⑤
177 ②
178 ⑤
179 ②
180 ⑤
181 ③
75 ②
76 ④
77 ①
78 ③
79 ④
182 ②
183 ②
184 ③
185 ④
186 ③
187 ①
188 ①
189 ②
190 ⑤
191 ②
196 ④
197 ①
80 ①
192 ⑤ 07강 16강
81 ①
82 ④
83 ③
84 ①
85 ②
86 ④
87 ④
88 ③
89 ③
90 ④
193 ③
194 ③
195 ②
91 ③
92 ④
93 ③
94 ③
95 ④
198 ③
199 ④
200 ④
96 ⑤ 17강 08강
97 ④
98 ②
99 ③
102 ⑤
103 ④
104 ④
144
100 ④
101 ⑤
201 ②
202 ②
203 ⑤
204 ③
205 ④
206 ②
207 ①
208 ④
209 ④
210 ②
211 ②
212 ②
213 ⑤
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19강
214 ⑤
215 ③
216 ①
219 ④
220 ④
221 ①
29강
217 ④
218 ④
294 ④
295 ②
296 ①
299 ⑤
300 ③
301 ③
20강
222 ⑤
223 ②
224 ③
227 ②
228 ④
229 ④
231 ③
232 ②
235 ⑤
236 ②
237 ④
225 ④
226 ②
302 ④
303 ④
304 ④
239 ⑤
240 ②
243 ①
244 ②
245 ④
233 ③
234 ③
241 ①
242 ④
23강
246 ④
247 ④
248 ③
251 ③
252 ⑤
253 ③
249 ③
255 ②
256 ③
259 ④
260 ①
261 ⑤
307 ②
308 ①
309 ②
263 ①
264 ④
267 ①
268 ②
269 ②
310 ②
311 ②
312 ①
313 ③
314 ⑤
315 ④
316 ③
317 ①
318 ④
319 ④
320 ②
321 ①
322 ④
323 ②
324 ③
325 ⑤
326 ①
327 ③
328 ④
329 ⑤
330 ②
331 ④
332 ②
333 ④
334 ⑤
335 ②
336 ②
337 ⑤
338 ⑤
339 ①
340 ④
341 ③
342 ③
343 ②
344 ③
345 ①
346 ③
347 ③
348 ④
349 ②
Test 2
257 ③
258 ②
25강
262 ④
306 ③
250 ⑤
24강
254 ④
305 ⑤
Test 1
22강
238 ⑤
298 ②
30강
21강
230 ③
297 ③
265 ⑤
266 ②
350 ①
351 ③
352 ⑤
353 ③
354 ②
355 ⑤
356 ③
357 ③
358 ⑤
359 ④
360 ④
361 ④
362 ②
363 ⑤
364 ⑤
365 ⑤
366 ①
367 ③
368 ①
369 ②
370 ②
371 ④
372 ③
373 ②
374 ④
375 ①
376 ⑤
377 ③
378 ④
379 ①
380 ①
381 ⑤
382 ②
383 ①
384 ②
385 ①
386 ④
387 ④
388 ②
389 ②
390 ③
391 ⑤
26강
270 ⑤
271 ④
272 ④
273 ②
274 ①
275 ②
276 ⑤
277 ①
278 ④
279 ③
280 ②
281 ③ 27강
282 ⑤
283 ③
284 ⑤
285 ⑤
28강
286 ③
287 ④
288 ①
291 ③
292 ③
293 ⑤
289 ⑤
290 ⑤
E 모든 변형문제
Test 3
392 ④
393 ②
394 ⑤
395 ⑤
396 ④
397 ⑤
398 ⑤
399 ④
400 ④
401 ①
402 ⑤
403 ③
404 ③
405 ②
406 ①
407 ③
408 ①
409 ④
410 ③
411 ④
412 ⑤
413 ①
414 ③
415 ②
416 ④
417 ②
418 ②
419 ②
420 ①
421 ④
422 ②
423 ④
424 ①
425 ①
426 ④
427 ⑤
428 ①
429 ④
430 ③
431 ⑤
432 ③
433 ②
수능특강 영어 편
145
E 모든 변형문제 정답 및 해설
10 ③
01강
문장의 본동사는 expect로 is mixed는 문장에서 동사가 될 수 없다. 따 라서 분사구문의 수동형인 mixed로 바꿔야한다.
1 ② 학교의 산불 대응 계획을 학교 전체가 잘 알고 있는 것에 대한 중요성을 언급하고 학교에서 실시한 산불 대응 훈련의 내용과 성과를 나타내는 글 로써 빈칸에는 산불에 직면할 경우라는 의미가 들어가야 한다.
11 ① 이 글은 경쟁의 폐해에 대한 글이다. 따라서 경쟁은 망친다가 정답이고, ⑤의 양날의 검은 좋은 점과 나쁜 점이 함께 공존한다는 의미이므로 적절 치 않다.
2 ③ 앞에 문장에 however 부분에서 승진을 보류하기로 결정하고 뒷 문장에 내년에 승진 요청을 재고하겠다고 했다. 그리고 더 많은 연구 과제를 보기 를 원한다는 것으로 보아. (다음에) 부교수 지위를 부여한다는 granting 으로 바꿔야한다. withdraw : 철회하다
3 ⑤ 앞의 문장에서 be contacted를 대신하는 be 동사 are로 바꿔야한다.
4 ④
12 ② 독자 감소 경향과 광고 수입의 감소에 따른 신문 기자의 직업 전망에 부정 적 영향과 소규모 신문사의 기회 증가와 지역 신문들의 발간의 긍정적인 둘 다 혼합된(mixed) 내용이다.
13 ④ 선행사 Items를 that이 받으면 목적격 관계대명사가 되어야하는데 뒤에 문장은 완전한 문장으로 구성되어있다. 품목의 색이 이상적인 상태에서 벗 어난다는 의미이므로 that대신에 소유격 whose를 사용하는 게 적절하다.
쓰레기편지의 양이 증가했다는 부분에 맞춰 (C)에서 팝업과 쓰레기편지의 내용들이 불쾌하다고 이야기하고 같은 컴퓨터를 사용하는 가족의 구성원 들에게 불편하다는 말이 들어가고 (A) 부분은 시정해 줄 것을 요구하는 이 야기가 나오고 (B)에서 다시 한 번 이야기하며 받아드려지지 않을 때에는 경쟁사로 이동하겠다는 말로 이어진다. 따라서 (C) ⇒ (A) ⇒ (B)가 적절 하다.
14 ④ 상호작용 식 읽기와 쓰기 방식에 관한 글이다. ③의 하이퍼링크를 통해 식 견과 참고한 행을 상호 참조하고 그 결과로 ⑤에서 지문들의 어떻게 연관 되는지 알 수 있다고 언급하고 있다. ④는 파일에 대한 하이퍼링크를 작성 한 뒤 선택한 객체와 연관시킨다는 내용으로 흐름상 맞지 않다.
5 ③
15 ④
기상 상태는 올해 초에 매우 온화했지만, 화재의 위험성이 여전히 심각하 여 무엇(대피 훈련하는 것)을 해야 하는지 아는 것은 정말 중요했다. 화재 위험성이 낮은 것이 아니라 여전히 심각했다고 하고 있다.
사회과학 연구의 어려움에 관한 글이다. 인과관계를 정립하는 것은 인간 의 예측불가의 행동과 실험대상자의 자유의지 그리고 상황에 따라서 틀려 지기 때문에 말은 쉽지만 실제 행하기는 어렵다는 글이다.
6 ⑤
16 ①
종신 재직권 심의위원회의 부교수 승진 검토의 탈락을 통보하기 위해서 쓴 글이다. 따라서 ⑤의 승진 심사의 탈락이 적절하다.
광고주가 판매 제품의 성격(characteristics)에 따라 각기 달라지는 (differently) 광고 대상자를 겨냥하여 광고 매체를 달리 사용한다는 내용 이다.
7 ③ Metro Bank와 연관 있는 회사라면 신뢰 할 수 없는 부분이기에 의 존적인이 아닌 독자적인 이라는 의미로 쓰여야한다. dependent 는 independent로 고쳐야 한다.
8 ④ 이 쓰레기 편지와 팝업의 문제가 즉시 해결 된 다면이 아니라 해결되지 않 으면, 저는 심각하게 바꿀 것을 고려한다는 의미가 문맥상 적절하다. 따라 서 Unless로 바꿔야한다.
17 ③ (A) 앞의 문장은 또래집단의 평등한 구조에 대한 진술이 되어있고, 빈칸 뒤에는 가족과 다른 또래집단에 대해서 추가적으로 진술하고 있다. 그래 서 (A)는 also가 적절하고 (B) 앞부분은 부모와 형제에 대한 언급이고 뒤 부분에서 친구들이 감정을 상하게 하거나 성가시게 하면 헤어질 수 있는 가능성이 있다는 이야기가 반대로 진술된다. 따라서 (B)는 역접의 But이 적절하다.
18 ② 현대문학의 특징은 세계화로 인한 창작 환경의 공유를 통해서 과거의 문 학과 차별화를 이루고 있다는 글이다. 따라서 ②의 더욱 많은 공유된 참고 자료가 적절하다.
02강
9 ⑤ But 앞에 부분은 떨쳐버리지 못하는 부모와 형제에 대한 언급이고 제시 문은 친구들이 감정을 상하게 하거나 성가시게 하면 헤어질 수 있는 가능 성이 있다는 이야기가 나오고 ⑤뒤에는 그래서 노력을 더 기울일 필요가 있다는 언급이 나온다.
146
19 ① 경쟁은 질 수 도 있다는 걱정을 유발하거나 주의 집중을 당면한 과제가 아 니라 남을 이기려는 노력에 기울이기 때문에 제대로 된 일의 성취를 방해 하게 된다는 내용으로 빈칸에 beating his classmates가 적절하다.
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E 모든 변형문제 정답 및 해설
20 ④
색해야한다는 글이므로 ⑤번 인간과 야생동물이 공존하는 방법 모색의 필
교외의 인구가 계속 늘어날 것으로 예측된다는 뒤에 연결되는 문장은 대
요성이 알맞다.
도시의 일자리 경쟁은 치열하지만 소규모의 신문사들이 당양한 공동체를 더욱 잘 반영해서 글 쓸 수 있는 기회는 늘어난다(increase)가 적절하다.
30 ②
선호되는 색도 달라진다는 점을 식품, 자동차, 의복으로 설명하고 있다. 따라서 ②에 특정한 상황이 적절하다.
Changes in the atmosphere have never occurred as rapid as they do now.에서 as 원급 as의 원급이 형용사 혹은 부사인지는 as ~ as이하를 문장에서 제거하고 문장구성을 봐야한다. 따라서 Changes in the atmosphere have never occurred as rapid as they do now. 에서 빠르게 결코 일어나지 않는다는 의미에 rapidly가 어법상 절절하다.
22 ③
31 ③
21 ② 각각의 색은 상황에 따라 서로 다른 의미를 가지기 때문에 상황이 바뀌면
멀리 떨어져서도 함께 읽을 수 있고 쓸 수 있다고 했으므로 전체의 문장들 간의 경계는 희미해진다는 의미의 blurred가 들어가야 적절하다.
23 ⑤ 앞의 문장에서 모델들은 다양한 상황에 들어맞지 않을 수 있다고 언급하 고 있다. 이 문장은 여러 사회의 가족 관계와 구성에서 미국식 모델은 보 편적인 모델보다 덜 정확하다는 내용이 나와야한다. 따라서 more를 less 로 바꿔야한다.
24 ④ 광고 대상자에 목적과 광고대상자의 관심 끌기가 뒤에 (C) 대규모 획일적 광고대상자에게 텔레비전 방송이 효과적이다가 나오고 (B)에 그러한 매체 는 앞에 Mass media를 지칭한다. (A)는 소규모 특정적 광고대상자들에 대하여 언급하였다. 따라서 (C) - (B) - (A)가 적절하다.
제시문의 this way는 단단해지는 방식을 나타내며 to be the tough one을 지칭한다. 그리고 ③뒤에 이어서 강인한 오크나무처럼 행동할 필 요가 없다는 의미가 이어지므로 흐름상 ③이 적절하다.
32 ② 남에게 관심을 기울여서 경청하도록 부모가 외동아이를 가르치지 않으면, 외동아들은 자신의 말만 중요하다고 생각하는 사람으로 성장할 수 있다는 내용이므로 ②에 ‘남에게 관심을 기울이도록 외동아이를 가르쳐야한다’가 요지로 가장 적절하다.
33 ③ 첫 문장에서 동물이 정말로 현재 법으로 보호받는가에 대한 질문에 동물 은 사람들이 소유물로 인식하여 실제로 법적인 보호를 받는 것이 힘들다 고 언급하고 있다. 따라서 동물에 대한 현재의 법의 한계가 적합하다.
34 ⑤ 03강
특정 분야에서의 비범한 지능이나 재능은 일반적으로 그 특정 분야에 국 한된다는 내용으로 빈칸에는 특정 분야에 국한되었다는 의미가 적합하다.
25 ① 현재의 법이 동물을 인간의 소유물로 규정하고 있어 동물이 유의미한 법 적인 보호를 받지 못한다는 글로 유인원을 소유하는 예를 통해서 법의 허 점을 이용한다는 의미의 ① 번이 적절하다.
26 ④ 제시된 문장은 한 분야에서 특별한 재능이나 지능은 특정 분야에 국한된 다는 예시를 Mozart와 Albert Einstein으로 예시를 들고 결과를 나타내 는 부분인 ④에 들어가는 것이 문맥에 맞다.
27 ④ Coaches ( who fail to provide reinforcement when it is warranted) assuming (assume) that athletes know their work is noticed and appreciated. Coaches를 주어로 받는 정동사인 assume을 써야한다.
28 ② 자신에 대한 이해에 바탕을 둔 인간관계를 맺어야 한다는 게 글의 요지이 다. 따라서 ② 자기 자신과의 관계이다가 적절하다.
29 ④ 글의 요지가 인간과 야생 동물이 조화를 이루며 공존할 수 있는 방법을 모
E 모든 변형문제
35 ④ 제시문은 필요할 때 강화 반응을 제공하지 않는 코치들은 선수들이 알 고 있다 가정(assume)한다고 나와 있기 때문에 ④의 내용에 실제로(In reality)는 선수들에게 부정적으로 메시지를 전달한다는 내용이 흐름상 이어져서 와야 한다.
36 ② 자아 인식과 한 인간으로서 자신이 누구인지에 대한 올바른 인식을 갖는 것이 인간관계의 어려움을 다루는 시작점이라는 것이 글의 요지이므로 ② 가 주제로 적합하다.
37 ① 인간의 자원 활용 활용과 같은 사회적 요구에 의해 경계선이 모호해졌고, 야생 동물의 대다수가 인간 거주지역이나 근처에 서식한다는 흐름으로 보 아 (A)는 In fact가 적절하고 그래서 (B)뒤에는 인간과 야생동물이 조화를 이룰 방법의 모색이 필요하다는 의미에 결과를 나타내는 Clearly가 적절 하다.
38 ③ 빠르게 진행되고 있는 기후 변화에 대비하기 위해서는 기후를 우리에게 유리한 방향으로 변화시키는 방법을 배우거나, 새로운 환경에서도 생존할 수 있는 기술을 개발하는 등 과학과 기술의 발전을 최우선시해야 한다는
수능특강 영어 편
147
E 모든 변형문제 정답 및 해설
내용의 글이므로 ③의 기후변화에 대처할 과학 기술 발전의 필요성이 가
47 ⑤
장 적절하다.
제시문은 춤을 추면서 황홀상태의 성격을 가진 의식은 그들의 삶에 중요
39 ⑤
했다는 의미로 But이 앞에 부정적인 부분들 나와야하기 때문에 앞에 고 난을 알고 있고 자주 식량부족, 질병, 야생 동물에 의해 위협을 받았다는
So through thick and thin ~ 이하의 글에서 남자아이들이 강한 척할 필요가 없고 두려움과 취약점을 자연스럽게 표현할 수 있도록 용기를 주 라는 내용으로 부모가 아이에게 용기를 주면 남자아이들은 더 진정으로 자신의 취약점을 자유롭게 표현(be free to express his vulnerability) 한다는 의미에 ⑤이 적절하다.
말이 뒤에 위치하는 것이 적절하다.
48 ① 제시문과 (A)에서는 단순한 것들만 생산할 수 있던 초기 우주의 환경을 설 명하고 (C)에서 단순한 구성요소에서 복잡한 사물을 만드는 것이 나타났
40 ②
다. (B)부분에서 even more complex를 통해서 더 복잡한 것이 만들어 졌다는 것을 알 수 있다.
제시문에서 their beneficence는 ②앞에 their example을 나타내며 불행하게도 그 결과 an attention getter가 된다고 이야기를 하고 있고
49 ④
그 예로써 한 엄마의 이야기가 나오고 있다. 따라서 글의 흐름상 ②에 들 어가는 것이 적절하다.
04강
글의 전체 내용은 자율주행 차량이 가져올 도시 생활의 편리한 변화에 대 해 기술하고 있다. ④번은 자율주행 택시에 혜택을 받지 못하는 시골에 대 한 이야기이므로 흐름에 적절하지 못하다.
50 ②
41 ③
능동태의 문장 Ⓢ made this advance possible을 수동태로 바뀐 문장 으로 목적보어자리에 형용사로 쓰인 possible로 바꿔야한다.
일단 그것이 여러분을 목적지로 데려다주고 나면, 그것은 다음 손님을 위 해 떠난다(drives off for its next customer) 가 옳다.
51 ④
42 ③ 개인 정보 수집과 분석의 수월성에 관한 글이다. 컴퓨터 가격하락 때문에 데이터 포착과 저항할 수 있는 능력향상으로 개인의 취약성과 개인 정보 가치의 증가(increase)가 초래되었다가 흐름에 적절하다.
장난감과 아이의 창의성을 이야기한 글로 케냐의 시골에서 직접 제조한 장난감들은 바퀴와 차축이 있는 차를 만드는 창의력(inventive)가 있다가 적절하고 마지막 문장에서 공장에서 만들어진 장난감을 가지고 있는 미국 아이들은 덜 창의적이라고 나온 것을 통해 빈칸을 유추할 수 있다.
52 ⑤
43 ⑤ 제시문에 미국사회와 전통사회의 다른 부분을 이야기하고 미국의 창의적 놀이를 위한 교육용 장난감을 언급하는 (C)부분이 들어가야 하며, 케냐의 스스로 만든 장난감을 (B)에서 In contrast로 대조하며 언급하고 있다. (A)에서는 (B)에 있던 An American friend를 he가 받고 있다.
제시문은 의견이 감정에의 호소에 강인한 영향을 받는 다는 것에 당혹함 을 이야기하고 있다. 뒤에 이어질 내용은 제시문을 뒷받침할 수 있는 (C) 가 와야하며 (B)에서 문화적 편견은 앞에 (C)의 내용을 언급한다. 마지막 으로 (A)에서 이성적인 결정에 감정적 요소가 있으며, 감정에 자극받은 결 정도 이성적인이라고 결론내리는 흐름이 적절하다.
44 ①
53 ④
중요한 결정에 있어 어느 일방으로 결정하는 경우는 없다고 마지막 에 언급하고 있다. 따라서 이성적인 결정에 감정적 요소가 있으며 감 정에 자극받은 결정도 이성적이다. (A)번에는 stimulated가 (B)에는 resonable(합리적인)이 들어가야 적절하다.
축음기의 출현으로 일어난 변화에 대한 글로 교회음악이나 선원의 노래를 특정한 곳이 아닌 집에서 옷을 입으면서 들을 수 있다는 말을 보면 사유화 (privatized)와 탈맥락화(decontextualized)가 적절하다.
54 ⑤
45 ⑤ Gramophone의 창간호에서 음악의 사유화에 대한 의미로 면도하면서 녹음된 음악을 주장한 것이지 Claude Debussy가 면도하면서 음악을 들 으면 즐거움을 느낄 수 있다는 의미는 문맥의 흐름에 적절하지 않다.
55 ②
46 ③ (A)의 주어는 many of the accounts이기에 are가 적절하고 (B)는 흥미 를 강하게 돋우는 감정동사가 narratives를 수식하므로 compelling의 능동을 쓰는 것이 적절하다. (C)는 뒤에 완전한 문장이 왔기 때문에 전치 사+which로 쓰는 것이 적절하고 where로 바꿔 쓸 수 있다.
148
인간은 이야기의 존재이기에 삶의 많은 영역이 이야기와 관련되어 있다는 주제와 그것을 뒷받침하는 예시로 구성된 글이다. 따라서 ⑤ 인간은 일상 에서 이야기를 만들어 낸다가 적절하다.
(A)앞의 부분은 선사시대인의 춤 의식에 대한 높은 선호를 언급하고 뒤에 는 춤을 바라보는 인류학자의 관점이 선사시대의 경우에는 특히 정당하지 않다는 결론을 이야기하므로 therefore가 적절하고 (B)앞의 선사시대 사 람들은 고난을 알고 있었지만 춤이 그들의 삶에 중요했다는 언급을 통해 서 역접을 나타내는 however가 적절하다.
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ALL IN ONE
E 모든 변형문제 정답 및 해설
56 ④
66 ③
제시문에서 그것들은 징후였다는 부분에 they가 지칭하는 것은 앞에 있 는 the first stars and galaxies를 나타낸다.
웃음은 일반적으로 부정적인 감정과 관련된 에너지 방출로부터 나오지만 특정상황에서 안도의 웃음으로 표현한다고 나와 있다. 그래서 힘들고 스 트레스를 주는 생활환경을 더 잘 다룰 수 있게 해주는 방어기제를 나타낸 다는 ③ 이 적절하다.
05강
67 ③ 57 ⑤ ‘끊임없이 펑펑 내리는 눈송이들을 바라보며’의 의미가 되어야 하므로 slowly는 fast로 고쳐야 한다.
전체적인 주제는 필기도구의 변화한 과정을 이야기하는데 점토에 쓰는 부 분에 대해서 나왔지만 내구성을 강화 시키기 위해 불에 굽는다는 내용은 글의 흐름에 적절하지 않다.
68 ②
58 ④ 앞의 부분에 To on side의 상황을 묘사하고 Another는 다른 쪽을 묘사 하는 부분으로 ④에 들어가는 것이 적절하다.
취약 계층 여성에 대한 경제적 지원에 관한 글로 마지막에 financial
③은 Dick을 지칭하며 나머지는 Mike를 지칭한다.
dependence means a young woman is always at risk of experiencing poverty~와 Young women need an adequate income of their own from work or the social security system. 에서 나타난 것처럼 여성들의 경제적 의존성에 대한 위험성을 나타낸 others for financial support가 적절하다.
60 ②
69 ④
제시문에서 경쟁적인 세계시장에서 보통인 인력으로 안 된다고 고용주들 을 확신시킨다는 내용이 나오고 그래서 재능을 갖춘 사람들을 찾는 고용 주가 나오는 (B)가 처음에 나오며 그 다음에 기술 진보는 구직을 비인간 화시켰다는 부적정인 내용이 전개가 되는 (A)가 적절하고 (C)에 On top of all that으로 보아 앞에 부적적인 내용에 첨가가 되는 것을 알수 있으 므로 (B)-(A)-(C)가 흐름상 적절하다.
가격과 질 이상의 것에 가지는 소비자가 생산 시 생산과정에 있는 글을 통 해 소비자가 개인의 의식적인 구매를 위해서 생산과정에서의 노동자의 권 리 및 노동규정 준수를 확인한다는 절차상의 선호도를 언급하고 있다. 그 러므로 ④에 상품 생산 과정에 대한 소비자의 관심이 적절하다.
61 ②
글의 초반에는 의술의 기본 원리는 자연이 안정의 상태를 유지하는 것이 라고 언급하며, 신체의 부분들 사이에 균형을 유지하면서 건강을 유지한 다고 했다. 따라서 의사의 역할은 자연이 평형 상태를 회복하도록 돕는다 는 ②이 적절하다.
59 ③
날씨에 따라 변화하는 일상의 즐거움에 대하여 쓴 글이다.
62 ⑤
70 ②
공중에 매달려 있는 앞에 being이 생략된 분사구문으로 수동형태의 suspended가 적절하다. ④은 Near~ 부사구가 문장에 앞에 나와서 도 치가 되었다. 따라서 a buffet이 주어로 쓰였다.
71 ⑤
63 ⑤
72 ④
⑤번 This made Mike feel happy에서 This가 지시하는 부분은 그들 (Nelson 형제)이 대회의 심사 위원이 될 것이라는 부분을 지칭한다. 따라 서 ⑤에 들어가는 것이 적절하다.
64 ④ 오늘날의 고용과 취업 세태에 대한 문제점을 지적하고 있는 글이다. 따라 서 ④에 오늘날 직업시장에 문제점이 적절하다.
06강
제시문에 Such collaborations는 정부, NGOs, 그리고 공동체의 노력 의 지속적인 연구와 분석에 의한 것이라 언급한 ⑤에 들어가야 적절하다.
늙은 개에게 새로운 기술을 가르칠 수 없다는 모든 면에서 모든 사람에게 적용되지 않는다고 이야기하고 있다. 이렇게 제한된 정보, 불충분한 자료, 대표성의 결여된 사례를 가지고 근거로 삼는 것을 성급한 일반화의 오류 라고 한다.
73 ② 작동 기억속의 정보를 유지하는 방법에 대한 글로 기억속의 유지를 위해 서는 집중을 방해하는 요소를 무시하면서 관련정보에 주의를 집중하는 것 이 적절하다.
74 ⑤
65 ② 관련 없는 생각이 갑자기 떠오르면 이와 똑같은 일이 발생한다는 부분에 서 the same이 지시하는 부분은 ②의 안내사항을 잊게 만든다는 이야기 이므로 ②이 적절하다.
E 모든 변형문제
제시문은 유머로부터 나오는 웃음은 보통 자신이 좋지 않은 상황에서 나 온다고 하고 (C)에 this 뒤에 부정적인 상황에서 나오지만 특정상황에서 는 웃음으로 바뀐다고 나온다. (B) this perspective는 앞에 (C)에 마지 막에 언급한 안도의 웃음을 방어기제로 나타내고 있다. (A)에 this selfdefense mechanism은 앞에 (B)에 a defense mechanism을 받는다.
수능특강 영어 편
149
E 모든 변형문제 정답 및 해설
75 ②
로 보아, 빈칸에는 ‘집단이 틀림없이 옳다’라는 내용이 적절하다.
빈칸 뒤에 종이를 사용하면 정보를 기록하고 옮기는데 비용이 훨씬 적게 든다는 것으로 보아 경제적인(economic)이 적절하다.
85 ② 음악교사 즉석 양성 프로그램의 문제점을 언급한 주어진 글 다음에
76 ④ 전체적인 요지는 취약계층 여성에 대한 경제적 지원이 필요하다는 내용이 다. ④번의 전후의 글은 지원이 끊기면 다시 빈곤해질 위험성이 많다고 언 급하는데, ④에서는 여성의 직장과 사회보장제도를 긍정적인 의미로 기술 했으므로 흐름상 적절하지 않다.
77 ① 상품 생산 과정에 대한 소비자의 관심을 나타내는 글로 소비자가 선호하 는 생산과정으로 물건이 만들어지는지에 따라서 물건을 구매한다는 내용 으로 보아 절차상의 선호도에 따른 구매가 적절하다.
78 ③ what은 뒤에 문장이 불완전 할 때 사용한다. 이 문장에서 주어, 목적어가 다 있는 완전한 문장으로 쓰였다. which로 바꿔야하고 이때 which는 의 문 형용사로 substance를 수식한다.
79 ④ 뒤에 이어지는 문장에서 정부와 비정부 기구 그리고 공동체의 노력이 지속적 으로 연구와 분석을 하고 지속가능한 관광을 달성하기 위해서 공동 작업이 필수적이라는 점으로 미루어 ④의 성공과 실패의 경험의 공유가 적절하다.
80 ① 속담의 일반화의 오류에 대해서 이야기를 하고 있고 그 예시로 늙은 개에 게 새로운 기술을 가르칠 수 없다가 나왔으므로 (A)는 For example이 적절하고, (B)앞의 부분에는 예시의 속담이 모든 나이든 사람에게 적용되 는 것은 아니다라고 언급하고 뒤에 이것이 성급한 일반화이며 틀리다고 이야기하고 있으므로 역접의 연결어 However가 적절하다.
(B)가 이어진다. their expertise의 their은 주어진 글에서 those performers를 지칭하고, 전문지식과 학생들과의 상호작용이 부족함을 언급하는 내용이 적절하다. (A)에서 마찬가지로, 즉석 양성프로그램을 통 해 배출된 음악교사들이 학교의 본질과 구조에 대한 이해역시 부족하다는 내용이 적절하다. (A) 후반부에 언급된 관리자의 능력부족이 부연 설명하 는 (C)가 이어져야 적절하다.
86 ④ 복잡한 체계를 개선하는 유일한 방법은 다양한 실패를 통해서 한계를 극 복하는 것이라는 본문 내용으로 보아, 성공의 가장 본질적인 방법은 “부정 적 결과를 받아들이는(실패를 수용하는)” 습관이 적절하다.
87 ④ 학생들이 다양한 상황에 적절하게 대처하는 상상력의 유연성은 수많은 상 황들의 ‘원인’이 아니라 ‘결과’를 내다보면서 습득되는 것이기에 cause를 consequence로 바꾸어야 적절하다.
88 ③ 주어진 문장의 it은 두뇌(the brain)을 지칭하고, 두뇌는 굴절효과를 고 려하지 않고 이미지를 형성하기 때문에 굴절현상이 생긴다는 내용이므로, 굴절 현상의 예시가 언급된 문장 앞인 ③에 들어가는 것이 가장 적절하다
89 ③ 선택지 3번 뒤에서 증발을 통해 물순환과, 공기 냉각, 강우를 돕는 “기온과 기후변화의 예”가 등장하므로, 주어진 문장은 3번에 들어가야 적절하다.
90 ④ 변호사들은 자신의 약점을 먼저 언급하여, 배심원들로부터 정직하다는 인상을 받는 것이 전략이므로, 약점을 ‘가리다(cover up)’를 ‘드러내다 (bring up)’으로 바꾸어야 적절하다
07강
81 ①
91 ③
나무가 많은 생물, 곤충, 기온, 기후, 물 순환 등 생태계에 영향을 준다는 본 문 내용을 보아 ‘생태계에 대한 나무의 공헌’이 제목으로 가장 적절하다.
과학기술이 발전하면서 식품의 보관과 이용기간이 길어지게 된 본문 내용 으로 보아, 3번 ‘식품 보존 기술의 발전’이 가장 적절하다
82 ④
92 ④
정직하다는 인식을 주기 위해 동일한 방법을 사용하는 변호사들이 ‘소송 에서 약점을 언급하다’는 내용으로 보아, 빈칸에는 ‘제품의 사소한 단점을 언급 한다’가 적절하다
83 ③ 통조림 가공방법은 가열 살균 처리된 식품이 상하지 않고 오래 저장할 수 있도록 해주었다는 문맥적 내용으로 보아, forbade를 allowed로 바꾸어 야 적절하다.
84 ① 사람들은 답이 명확하지 않은 상황에서 집단의 의견에 동조한다는 내용으
150
사람들이 모호한 상황에서 자신의 판단을 (A)의심할 때, 그들은 아마 집단 의 평균을 (B)따를 것이다
93 ③ 음악교사를 속성으로 양성하는 프로그램의 문제점을 지적하는 본문 내용 으로 보아 3번이 적절하다.
94 ③ 소프트웨어의 품질검사는 고장 내는 방법을 체계적으로 찾아내는 것과 마 찬가지로, 복잡한 장비를 수리하는 방법은 고장난 부분을 찾기 위해서 “일 부러” 부정적 결과(고장)을 유발시키는 것이 적절하므로 accidently는 deliberately로 고쳐야 한다.
www.alot.co.kr (무료 자료 / 책 구입)
ALL IN ONE
E 모든 변형문제 정답 및 해설
95 ④
09강
빈칸 뒤 문장에, 다양한 상황에 유연하게 대처하고, 타인과의 공감에 상상 력을 사용한다는 내용으로 보아, 상황에 적절하게 반응하기 위해서 필요 한 최소한의 요구사항은 ‘상상력의 유연성’이 적절하다.
105 ④
96 ⑤ 빨대의 물속에서 있는 부분에서 나오는 광선은 실제보다 (물)표면에 더
inhabit은 “~에 살다, 거주하다”는 의미의 타동사이고, 문맥적 의미가 다리는 ‘거주되어왔다’라는 수동관계이므로 현재완료수동태(has been inhabited)가 적절하다.
가까이에서 나오는 것처럼 보이는 것은 결국 ‘구부러져’보이는 것이므로, straight를 bent로 바꾸어야 적절하다.
106 ② Ailey는 Horton이 사망했을 때, 예술 감독의 역할을 떠맡게 되었다(He joined the Horton Dance Company in 1953, and he assumed the role of artistic director when Horton died that year.)고 했으 므로, ②가 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는다.
08강
97 ④ 어려서 아버지가 돌아가셨고, 의지하던 어머니마저 잃게 된 상황이므로
Quinta의 심경으로 가장 적절한 것은 ‘슬프고 좌절한’ 이다
98 ② 고객이 화가 나서 집어던진 서류를 침착하게 접수대 올려놓는 John은 통제된 행동은 서류가 그들 둘 다에게 “중요하다”는 의미가 적절하므로, insignificant를 important로 바꾸어야 한다.
99 ③ Running Cloud의 머리띠에 꽂혀 있는 깃털은 Running Cloud가 예전 에 Jim-Bob에게 주었던 것과 비슷했다는 본문 내용이고, Jim Bob에게 받았다는 내용은 언급되어 있지 않다.
100 ④ Alexander는 자신이 아버지보다 더 훌륭한 사람이라는 것을 입증해야 하므로, Alexander의 심경으로 가장 적절한 것은 ‘압박감과 부담감을 느 끼는’이다.
101 ⑤ ①, ②, ③, ④는 모두 Quinta를 가리키지만, ⑤는 그의 어머니를 가리킨다.
102 ⑤ 화난 의뢰인이 무례하게 행동하고 있지만, 의뢰인의 입장을 이해하고 상 황에 맞게 적절한 대처를 하는 것으로 보아 John의 성격은 ‘침착하고 사 리분별력이 있는’이 적절하다.
103 ④ Running Cloud는 어둠을 샅샅이 살펴보고, 그리고 어둠에 대한 두려움 을 거의 보이지 않았다는 문맥적 의미로 밑줄 친 부분은 combed와 병렬 관계이다. 따라서, showing을 showed로 바꾸어야 적절하다.
107 ① prior to는 전치사이므로 목적어의 형태를 동명사(establishing)로 바꾸 어야 한다.
108 ③ 주어진 문장에서 Lavinia가 여성이기 때문에 영향력의 한계를 알게 되었 다는 내용이므로, 여성의 동등한 권리를 열렬히 주장하는 사람으로 경력 의 대부분을 보냈다는 문장 앞인 ③에 들어가는 것이 적절하다.
109 ⑤ 기념물을 점유하고 있는 상인들이 불평 없이 재산세를 낸다(traders
who occupy the monument pay their property taxes without complaining.)라고 했으므로, ⑤는 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는다.
110 ③ 유럽 순회공연이 가장 성공적이었고, 입장권에 대한 수요에 부응하기 위해서 런던공연을 6주 연장했다가 문맥상 적절하므로, ③의 reject를 accommodate로 바꾸어야 한다.
111 ④ 1924년에 전시회가 개막된 후에, Williams는 그의 공적이 인정되어 기 사작위를 받았다(~after the exhibition opened in 1924, Williams was knighted in recognition of his achievements.)고 했으므로 ④ 가 글의 내용과 일치한다.
112 ④ 콤마 앞부분까지 완전한 문장이고, 콤마 뒤에는 분사구문의 형태가 적 절하다. 주절 주어( she )가 ‘믿다’라는 능동관계이므로 believed 를 believing로 바꾸어야 한다.
11강
104 ④ 아버지 Philip의 대단한 활약상은 ‘전쟁터에서 견줄 데 없는(비할 바 없 는) 연속된 승리’라는 문맥적 의미가 적절하므로, paralleled(나란한, 평 행한)을 unparalleled로 바꾸어야한다.
E 모든 변형문제
113 ⑤ 연구 결과가 충분히 검증되지 않고 뉴스매체를 통해 보도되는 원인과 결 과에 대해 언급되어 있으므로, 글의 요지는 ⑤가 적절하다.
수능특강 영어 편
151
E 모든 변형문제 정답 및 해설
114 ④
123 ②
혁신가 혼자서는 충분하지 않고 팀으로 일할 때 다양한 관점과 새로운 생 각이 허용된다는 내용이므로 빈칸에는 ④가 적절하다.
주어진 문장에서 this는 ‘경기가 개인에게 갖는 중요성’을 가리키고, 이것 은 반드시 경기의 중요도에 달려있는 것은 아니라는 내용이다. 주어진 문 장 뒤에는 경기중요도에 영향을 주는 다른 요소들이 이어져야 하므로, 들
115 ③
어갈 위치는 ②가 적절하다.
16세기 이전에는 인간이 아닌 다른 영장류에 대한 일반적 용어가 ‘ape’ 이었고, 용어 구별이 명확하지 않은 만큼이나 인간과 유인원의 차이점 도 명확하지 않았다고 언급되어 있으므로, 누군가 당신을 ‘유인원’이라 고 부르면 그것은 ‘사실’(인간을 인간이라고 부르는)일수도 있다. 따라서 metaphor를 fact로 바꾸어야 적절하다.
124 ③ 실험실에서의 연구와 현장연구의 차이를 설명하는 글이다. 현장연구는 실 험실처럼 연구자가 관찰환경을 제어하는 개념이 없다고 했으므로, 빈칸에 는 ③번이 가장 적절하다.
116 ⑤
125 ①
변경지대의 개척자 정신은 독립적이고 자신의 소유를 주장하는 것이고, 변경지대에서 공식적인 정부와 법집행의 부재는 ‘독립심과 자립심’에 기
새로운 연구 결과를 갈망하는 뉴스매체와 자신의 연구 결과에 흥분한 과 학자들에 의해서 “새로운 연구결과가 충분히 검증되기” 이전에 대중에게
여했다가 적절하다.
발표된다는 내용으로 보아 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 ①번이 적절하다.
117 ②
126 ③
주어진 글은 다양성을 추구하는 것에 관심이 있는 인간의 성향에 대한 언 급이다. (B)에서 다양성의 추구가 발생하기 쉬운 상황을 설명하고 있으므 로 주어진 글 뒤에 (B)가 이어진다. (A)에서 this는 (B)의 ‘감각 특정적 포 만’을 가리키므로 (A)가 (B)뒤에 이어진다. (C)에서 익숙한 것을 즐기면서 도 다양성을 추구하는 인간의 아이러니한 모습으로 이어지는 것이 흐름이 자연스럽다.
많은 아이디어를 갖고 있으나 끝까지 발전시키지 못하는 사람들은 협력자 가 필요하다고 언급하고 있다. (B)의 They는 주어진 글의 artists를 가리 키고, 협력자가 필요한 발명가, 기업가, 작곡가를 언급하는 (B)가 주어진 글 뒤에 이어져야 한다. (B)뒤에는 함께 일하는 것이 다양한 관점과 아이 디어를 촉발한다는 협력자의 필요성을 덧붙이는 (C)가 이어진다. 마지막 으로, 벤처투자가는 아이디어보다 팀을 찾는다는 (A)가 이어지는 것이 흐 름상 가장 적절하다.
118 ④ 부정적인 목표의 표현은 원하지 않는 이미지를 강화하고 부정적 결과를 가져오는 내용이므로, 빈칸에는 ④가 가장 적절하다.
119 ③ 수학의 언어를 알지 못하면, 수학의 개념을 이해하지 못하고 그 개념을 활 용할 수 없다는 내용의 예시에 해당하는 문장이다. 도형에 대해 배울 때, 4각형이나 3각형이라는 단어가 어떤 학생에게는 어려울 수 있다가 문맥 상 적절하므로, easy를 difficult로 바꾸어야 한다.
120 ⑤ 장미는 변화의 과정 속에 있는 것처럼 보이지만, 매 단계별로 더할 나위 없이 충분하다는 내용으로 보아 요지는 ⑤번이 가장 적절하다.
121 ⑤ 주어진 글은 공평무사함과 부모의 의무가 공존이 가능할까라는 의문을 언 급하고 있다. (C)에서 어렵지 않다는 답이 제시되고, 공평무사함에 대한 제한의 필요성에 대한 내용이므로, (C)가 주어진 글 뒤에 이어져야 한다. (B)에서 부모자식의 경우를 제외하고 차별대우가 정당한 예시의 내용이므 로, (B)가 (C)뒤에 이어져야 한다. (A)의 this qualification은 (B)의 언급 된 내용이고, 부모 자식 간에 제한을 적용하는 (A)의 내용이 (B)뒤에 와야 흐름이 자연스럽다.
122 ⑤ 동일한 경기를 본 학생들이 각자 자신이 속한 학교의 팀에게 더 유리한 쪽 으로 생각하는 예시를 통해서, 자기 위주의 편향이 개인으로서의 평가뿐 만 아니라 그들이 속한 그룹의 평가에도 영향을 준다는 내용이므로, 빈칸 에는 ⑤가 적절하다.
152
127 ② 주어진 문장의 then은 16세기를 가리키고, ‘유인원’이 인간 외에 영장류 에 대한 유일한 내용이 언급되어 있으므로, 원숭이라는 단어가 등장하기 이전 ‘인간’과 ‘유인원’의 차이가 명확하지 않았다는 내용 앞인 ②에 들어 가야 적절하다.
128 ③ 미국의 변경지대에서 개척자 정신이 개인주의와 민주주의 발달에 영향을 주었다는 내용이므로 주제는 ③번이 가장 적절하다.
129 ④ 익숙한 것을 즐기면서도 새로운 것을 추구하려는 것이 인간의 본성이라는 요지의 글이므로 빈칸에는 ‘덜 선호하는 품목(새로운 것)으로 바뀐다’는 ④ 번이 가장 적절하다.
130 ④ 실수가 출루라는 부정적 목표의 실현이 실제로 일어날 가능성이 높아진다 는 언급으로 보아, 부정적인 목표 표현은 “바람직하지 않은(undesirable)” 이미지를 강조한다가 문맥상 적절하다.
131 ③ 주어진 글은 아이들이 수학에서 새로운 개념을 접할 때 3가지 영역이 순 차적이라는 내용이다. (B) This는 주어진 글의 내용을 가리키고, 아이가 수학의 언어를 이해하지 못하면 수학 개념을 이해하기 어렵다는 내용이므 로 주어진 글 뒤에 이어진다. (C)는 예시를 통해, 용어를 이해하려면 이미 알고 있는 말과 연관시키는 시간을 갖는것의 필요하다는 내용이므로, (B) 뒤에 이어져야 한다. (A)는 (C)에서 언급한 연관시키는 시간을 갖게 되었
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ALL IN ONE
E 모든 변형문제 정답 및 해설
을 때 학습이 이뤄지는 결과의 내용이므로 (C)뒤에 이어지는 것이 자연스
진 문장의 과정질문을 지칭하고, (B)에서 과정질문이 요구하는 세부사항
러운 흐름이다.
을 언급하므로 (B)가 주어진 문장 뒤에 이어지는 것이 적절하다. 과정 질 문의 사례들을 언급하고 있으므로 (A)가 (B)뒤에 이어지고, (C)의 these
132 ④
questions는 (A)의 과정질문의 사례를 가리키므로 (C)가 (A)뒤에 이어지 는 것이 자연스러운 흐름이다.
장미는 계속 변화하는 과정에 있는 것처럼 보이지만, 매 순간 더할 나위 없이 있는 그대로 충분하다는 내용으로 보아, 빈칸에는 잠재력이 들어가 야 적절하다.
141 ② 주어진 글은 지질학자들이 연구대상들을 오랜 시간의 관점으로 생각한다
133 ③ 범죄자와 그렇지 않은 사람, 자신의 자녀와 남의 자녀처럼 유미의미한 차 이가 존재할 때 차별대우가 정당화 될수 있다는 것이 글의 요지이므로 ③ 번이 적절하다.
는 연구특징을 언급하고 있다. (B)에서 지질활동의 시간의 척도가 지질학 자들에게 중요하다는 내용이므로, Nevertheless로 주어진 글과의 대조 관계로 이어져야 한다. (A)에서 지질학자들이 농업이 토양에 미친 영향을 밝히려고 토양생성 속도를 알고 싶어 한다는 내용은 (B)의 예시에 해당한 다. (C)의 천문학과 관련해 수 백 만년 동안의 기후변화에 대한 이해는 현 재의 온난화추세를 가늠하는데 중요하다는 내용은 (A)와 Likewise로 자
134 ④ (A)앞에는 자기 위주 편향에 대한 내용이고, (A)뒤에는 축구경기 중 반 칙횟수에 대해서 각 팀이 자신에게 유리하게 인식하는 내용이므로 For
example이 적절하다. (B)앞에는 Princeton팀이 반칙횟수를 자신에게 유리하도록 인식하는 내 용이, (B)뒤에는 상대팀인 Dartmouth팀이 동일한 상황을 자신에게 유리 한 인식하는 대조적 내용이므로 On the other hand가 적절하다.
연스러운 흐름이다.
142 ④ 주어진 문장은 대다수의 사람들이 1인당 소득을 나타내는 수치보다 상당 히 적은 소득을 갖게 된다는 내용인데, so가 쓰였으므로 원인의 내용을 담은 문장 다음인 ④에 들어가는 것이 가장 적절하다.
143 ③
135 ③ 운동선수는 경기 자체의 중요성보다, 자신이 중요하게 느끼는 경기에서 더 긴장한다는 내용이므로 요지는 ③이 적절하다.
136 ② them → which 콤마 앞부분까지 완전한 문장이고, 뒤에는 동사 can be가 나오는 구조이 다. 따라서 접속사의 역할과 주어의 역할을 하는 관계대명사로 바꾸어야 적절하다.
care → do not care 대부분의 사람들에게 기념품을 사는 것은 지역 토산품이라고 인식되는 물 건에 대한 취득행위인데, 그러나 연구에서는 관광객들이 실제로는 기념품 의 전통적인인지 억지로 꾸민 것인지에 대해서 ‘상관하지 않는다’가 문맥 적으로 적절하다.
144 ③ 과거 사실에 대한 가정법의 시제는 과거완료로 써야 한다. if절이 가정법 과거완료이므로, 주절도 가정법 과거완료인 have happened로 바꾸어야 한다.
12강 13강
137 ④ 지질학과 천문학은 오랜 시간의 관점으로 대상을 연구한다는 글의 요지이 므로, 표토의 성분에 대해서 언급하고 있는 ④는 글의 전체 흐름과 관계가 없다.
138 ④ 개발도상국에서는 소득이 불공정하게 분배되기 때문에 1인당 대다수의 사람들이 1인당 평균 소득보다 더 적은 소득을 갖게 된다는 내용 뒤에 이 어지므로, ④의 adequate를 inadequate로 바꾸어야 적절하다.
139 ② 관광객들은 목적지 특유의 물품이 아닌 것들이 지역문화의 공예전통의 일 부가 아니라 관광객들만을 위한 상품이라는 것을 알고 있지만, 그럼에도 자신들이 방문한 나라에 대한 이미지를 틀림없이 반영한다 생각해서 기념 품을 집으로 가져간다는 내용으로 보아, 빈칸에는 ②가 가장 적절하다.
145 ③ (A) 난파선은 나라의 영해에 속한다는 문맥적 의미가 적절하므로, 소유격 관계대명사 whose가 적절하다. (B) 공식 허가서를 받기 위해서 라는 문 맥적 의미로, 부정사의 부사적 쓰임이므로 to obtain이 적절하다. (C) 뒤 에 문장이 이어지고 있으므로 접속사 although가 적절하다.
146 ⑤ (A)앞에는 정치 논쟁에서 상대방은 여러분을 이해하지 못할 거라 생각하 는 내용이고, (A)뒤에는 여러분은 상대방을 이해한다고 생각하는 내용의 대조관계이므로 In contrast가 적절하다. (B)앞에는 상대는 자신을 이해하지 못하지만, 자신은 상대를 잘 이해한다 고 정치 논쟁의 참여자들이 생각한다는 원인의 내용이고, (B)뒤에는 논쟁 의 양측이 자신이 상대방을 잘 안다고 생각하는 결과에 해당하는 내용이 므로 Therefore가 적절하다.
140 ② 주어진 글은 과정질문의 기본적 성격에 대한 설명이다. (B)의 this는 주어
E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
153
E 모든 변형문제 정답 및 해설
147 ⑤
돈을 버는 차이를 예로 들고 있으므로 For instance가 적절하다.
제품이나 서비스에 대한 정보가 소비자들에게 퍼부어지는 상황에서, 소비 자들은 구매과정을 단순화하려고 마음속에 상품과 서비스의 위치를 정한 다는 내용이므로 요지는 ⑤가 적절하다.
엄격함이 다양하다는 내용으로 보아 첨가관계의 In addition이 적절하다.
157 ⑤
148 ④ 주어진 문장은 성을 구별하는 특징들이 문화마다 똑같지는 않다는 내용이 므로, 모든 문화에서 동일하게 등장하는 남녀 간의 차이에 대한 사례들은 언급한 문장 다음인 ④가 들어가기에 가장 적절하다.
149 ④ (A)앞에는 무의식적인 체계는 과정보다는 직감적인 반응과 신속한 느낌에 의해 이끌리므로 직관적이라는 내용이고, (A)뒤에는 누군가의 조언의 내 용을 통해 (A)의 예시이므로 For example이 적절하다. (B)앞에는 무의 식적인 체계, 즉 직관을 따르는 것이 좋은 조언이라는 내용이고, (B)뒤에 는 문화의 최고 업적과 진보는 의식적 체계의 영역이라는 역접관계이므로
But이 적절하다.
주어진 글은 심리학자 Deniel Kahneman가 무의식적인 체계와 의식적 인 체계라는 인간 정신의 두 가지 체계의 사고방식을 기술하는 방식에 대 한 내용이다. (C)는 무의식적인 체계가 직관적이라는 내용에 대한 설명이 므로 주어진 글 뒤에 이어져야 한다. (B)에서 어떤 결정에 직면했을 때, 누 군가의 조언내용이 무의식적인 체계(직관)을 따르라는 것은 (C)의 예시에 해당하므로 (B)가 (C)뒤에 이어져야 한다. (A)의 that은 (B)의 조언내용이 므로, (A)가 마지막에 오는 것이 흐름상 적절하다.
158 ⑤ 농업의 발전으로 생긴 부정적 측면중의 하나는 인구의 증가이고, 인구의 집중화가 질병전달의 온상지가 되어 전염병으로 인한 많은 사망자를 유발 시킨다는 내용이므로 주제는 ⑤가 적절하다.
150 ④ 오늘날 우리는 인구가 증가하고 빠르게 진화하는 병원균이 사람들 사이에 퍼짐으로써 촉발된 신종 전염병이 놀라울 정도로 늘어나는 것을 보고 있 다가 문맥상 적절하므로, reduction을 increase로 바꾸어야 한다.
151 ④ 회사나 조직에서 중요한 일들을 인정하고 기념하는 것은 직원들을 예우하 고, 자부심과 정체성을 높인다는 내용이므로 ④가 적절하다.
152 ② 친사회적 본보기는 도움을 주는 사례를 우연히 보기까지 도움에 대해서 생각하지 않았을 성인들에게 그러한 규범을 인식하게 한다는 내용이므로 ②가 가장 적절하다.
153 ④ 주어진 글은 고대의 난파선이 영해의 국가에 귀속된다는 내용이다. (C)의 it은 주어진 문장의 난파선을 가리키고, 건드리기 위해 공식적인 허락이 필요하다는 난파선 관리방법에 관한 내용이므로, (C)가 주어진 글 뒤에 이 어진다. (A)의 this approach는 (C)문장의 난파선 관리방법을 가리키므 로 (A)가 (C)뒤에 이어진다. (B) 관리방법의 결과를 설명하는 내용이므로 (A)뒤에 이어져야 흐름이 적절하다.
154 ④ 앞문장의 know의 반복을 피해 사용된 대동사이므로, are를 do로 바꾸어 야 한다.
155 ④ 소비자들이 구매과정을 단순화하기 위해서, 제품이나 서비스 그리고 체계 화한 것의 위치를 마음속에 정한다는 내용이므로, ④번이 빈칸에 가장 적 절하다.
156 ④ (A)앞에는 남성과 여성의 차이와 체계가 가족, 법, 종교 같은 제도의 일부 가 되어있다는 내용이고, (A)뒤에는 남성이 여성보다 공식적인 정치력과
154
(B)앞에는 성을 구분하는 특징들이 문화마다 다르거나, 한 사회 내에서도 확고하지 않다는 내용이고, (B)뒤에는 여러 사회에서 차별의 정도와 시행의
159 ② (A)회사나 조직의 중요한 일을 인정하는 것은 직원들을 ‘예우’하는 방법이 므로 honor가 적절하다. (B) 직원들을 예우하는 것은 직원들이 자신이 고 용되어 있는 곳에 관해 갖는 ‘정체성’을 증대시키므로 identity가 적절하 다. (C) 회사나 조직의 중요한 일을 기념하는 것은 직원들에게 자부심을 ‘표현’하는 기회이므로 express가 적절하다.
160 ④ 주어진 글은 사회적으로 책임 있는 행동을 보는 것이 다른 사람에게 도움 을 주도록 자극이 된다는 내용이다. (C)는 아이들이 적절한 행동을 배우게 된다는 주어진 글의 예시이고, First가 있으므로 주어진 글 뒤에 이어져야 한다. (A)의 this teaching function은 (C)의 내용을 가리키고, 친사회적 본보기가 어른들에게 영향을 준다는 첨가관계이므로 (A)가 (C)뒤에 이어진 다. (B)의 고전적 연구내용은 친사회적 행동을 보고 어른들이 따라한다는 내용이므로 (A)의 사례에 해당하므로 (B)가 마지막에 이어지는 것이 흐름 상 적절하다.
14강
161 ⑤ 전치사 like의 목적어에 대명사 that이 와야 주어인 things 뒤에 동사 happen이 올 수 있다.
162 ④ 사람들이 가능한 한 사고하는 것을 피하고자 한다는 취지의 글이며 부연 에서 사고의 필요성을 줄이기 위한 쉬운 방법을 택한다고 하고 있으므로 생각을 아낀다는 말이 들어가야 한다.
163 ③ 일주일 후에 과학자들이 무슨 일이 발생한 것인지를 알았다고 이야기하고 있으므로 앞에는 실패에 대한 일반적 진술이, 뒤에는 사건 발생 원인에 대 한 언급이 나오는 것이 자연스럽다.
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ALL IN ONE
E 모든 변형문제 정답 및 해설
164 ②
175 ④
일이 올바르게 수행되면 검사가 필요 없으며, 검사 자체가 낭비라는 취지
숙영지로부터 멀리 떨어진 지역에 비를 부르는 의식과 관련된 더미를 쌓
로 기술하고 있다.
는다고 설명하고 있다.
165 ③
176 ②
19세기 환경이 수동적이거나 무해하지 않았다고 말한 후 자연환경은 오 히려 공격적이었다고 언급하고 있으므로 (A)에는 역접대조가 적절하고, 검증되지 않은 환경이 위협적이었다고 이야기하고 있으므로 (B)에는 순접 의 인과가 적합하다.
개체만으로는 부족하고 공통점을 알아야 한다는 내용의 부연과 예시가 연 달아 나오고 있으므로 과학에서 필요한 보편성에 대한 이야기를 하고 있 음을 알 수 있다.
166 ④
15강
뒷 문장의 부연 내용에서 호의를 돌려준다(return the favor)라고 말하 고 있는 것으로 보아 호혜의 원칙으로서 받은 도움을 돌려주는 것에 대해 이야기하고 있음을 알 수 있다.
167 ③
177 ② 뒤 문장에서 평화와 뉴스가 연관성을 갖는다고 하고 있고, 앞 문장에서 평 화기자라는 개념이 모순된다고 이야기하고 있으므로 부정적 연관성을 의
두 개의 기우와 관련된 더미에 대해 언급하고 있으므로 앞에는 기우 의식
미함을 알 수 있으므로 평화가 뿌리 내릴 때 뉴스의 가치가 없음을 추론할 수 있다.
에 대한 일반적 내용이, 뒤에는 두 개의 더미에 대한 부연설명이 오는 것 이 적합하다.
178 ⑤
168 ⑤
조직의 성공을 위해서는 원활한 정보의 소통이 필요하고 이는 관리자를 통해서 확립될 수 있다고 말하고 있다.
특정 환자에 대한 지식만 가지고 있는 경우를 가정하고 있으므로 다른 환 자에 대해서는 무기력(helpless)할 수밖에 없다.
179 ②
169 ④ 크리스마스 선물로 아내가 남편을 위한 선물을 산다는 이야기이므로 뒤에 이번에는 남편이 아내에게 줄 선물을 산다는 이야기가 오는 것이 자연스 럽다.
주어진 문장에서 현재의 매스컴 기술에 대해 언급한 후 과거의 가동 활자 와 인쇄기와 Gutenberg에 대한 언급이 오고, 다음으로 중국에서 처음 발 명되었다는 것과는 별개로 실질적 보급을 시작한 것이 Gutenberg이었음 을 언급한 후, 마지막으로 인쇄술이 가져온 결과를 말하는 것이 적절하다.
180 ⑤
170 ③ 인지적 구두쇠라는 말을 통해 인지노력을 아끼고자 한다고 말하고 있으므 로 필요 이상의 생각을 하는 것을 꺼려한다는 내용이 나오는 것이 알맞으 므로 reluctance가 적절하다.
171 ② 단순한 척도를 통일하지 못해서 실패한 탐사프로젝트에 관하여 이야기하 고 있다.
설문조사의 결점에 대해서 이야기하는 글로 설문조사에서 부정직함이나 기억의 왜곡 등이 발생할 수 있다고 이야기하고 있다.
181 ③ 앞 문장에서 그들이 채택할 모델을 자유롭게 선택하지 않는다고 하고 있 으며, 그 앞 문장에서 특정한 모델이 만연해 있을수록 더 많은 영향을 미 친다고 말하고 있다.
182 ②
172 ① 검사는 작업공정 중의 실수에 대한 두려움 때문에 존재하는데 실수가 발 생한 이후에야 결함을 발견할 수 있다고 말하고 있으며, 뒤의 부연에서 또 다른 형태의 낭비라고 이야기하고 있는 것으로 보다 결함이 낭비를 발견 한다는 말이 오는 것이 적합하다.
173 ③ 자연환경 또는 검증되지 않은 환경이 신체에 위협적이라는 취지의 글로서 질병의 원인이 환경에 있을 수 있다는 내용을 설명하고 있다.
전반부에 눈에 보이는 모든 것이 사실은 아니라고 언급하여 관찰의 한계 를 언급한 후, 관찰이 특정한 이론을 통대로 한다는 점을 이야기하고 있 다.
183 ② (B)에서 예시로 실험을 먼저 언급하고, 실험 군에 해당하는 내용을 설명한 뒤 (A)에서 대조군에 대한 내용을 이야기하고 나서, (C)에서 실험의 결과 를 설명하는 것이 적절하다.
184 ③
174 ③ 호혜의 원칙에 대해 설명하면서 사회적 교환이 공정한 경우를 가정하고 있으므로 사회구조가 확고하다는 의미의 solid가 오는 것이 자연스럽다.
E 모든 변형문제
글을 쓸 때, 누가 읽게 될 것인지를 분석하여 글의 방향을 조절해야할 필 요성에 대해 설명하고 있다.
수능특강 영어 편
155
E 모든 변형문제 정답 및 해설
185 ④
속성에 대한 부연설명이 나오는 것이 적합하다.
대조의 연결어가 있으므로, 평화 기자의 표현 앞에는 종군 기자의 개념이 오고 뒤에는 부연으로서 평화정착에 대한 내용이 와야 적절하다.
196 ④ 영양결핍으로부터 벗어난 사례를 소개한 후 (C)에서 해당가정의 차이점에
186 ③ 매니저가 모든 의사소통 채널의 교차점 역할을 수행한다고 하고 있으므 로, 조직 내부의 효과적 정보시스템이 필요하다는 것을 알 수 있다.
대해 초점을 맞추어 이야기하고, (A)에서 연구자들이 발견한 새우와 논게 에 대한 설명을 한 후 (B)에서 통상적으로 부적절하여 다른 가정은 식단 에 포함하지 않았음을 설명하는 것이 적절하다.
187 ①
197 ①
가동 활자와 인쇄기술이 책의 보급에 미친 영향을 이야기하고 있다.
면허가 통제와 교육의 역할을 수행한다는 점을 설명하고 있다.
188 ①
198 ③
설문조사의 결함에 대한 구체적 진술이 나오고 있는 (A)는 예시가, 설문
“이것”이 땅의 정치적 시스템이 반영된 결과라고 이야기하고 있으므로, 앞부분에는 이것에 해당하는 미국과 유럽의 식습관형성 차이를 언급하고,
조사의 결함에 대한 예시의 열거가 이어지고 있는 (B)는 추가의 연결어가 적합하다.
정치 시스템에 대한 부연이 뒤에 오는 것이 적절하다.
189 ②
199 ④
미디어가 사람들이 모방하고자 하는 행동의 모델역할을 한다고 이야기하 고 있다. 사람들이 스스로 모방하고자 하는 것이고 설득이나 위협이 아니 라고 하고 있으므로 ⑤는 답이 될 수 없다.
특정 물질의 속성은 원자가 아닌 원자의 합의 속성이라고 이야기하고 있 으므로 전체는 부분의 합보다 크다는 속담이 요지로 적절하다.
190 ⑤
문장 구조상 동사가 들어가야 하는 자리이며, and 뒤의 added와 병렬을 이루므로 collected가 와야 적합하다.
주어진 문단에서 사실의 한계에 대해 언급한 후 (C)에서 공에 대한 예시와 마술의 예시를 들고, (B)에서 마술예시에 대한 부연이 온 후, 관찰이 이론에 기초하고 있다는 점을 주장하고 (A)에서 부연을 들어주는 것이 적절하다.
191 ② 유도질문과 같은 새로운 정보가 기존의 정보를 대체하여 기억을 왜곡시킬 수 있다고 이야기하고 있다.
192 ⑤ 편지를 쓰는 도중 부사장에게 메일이 포워딩될 수 있다는 것에 대한 인지 를 이야기하는 (C)가 먼저 오고, (B)에서 부사장이 읽게 될 수 있다는 것 을 알게 되었을 때, 개인적 내용을 줄인다는 것을 언급한 후, (A)에서 대신 격식을 차린 메일을 쓴다는 점을 이야기하는 것이 적절하다.
200 ④
17강
201 ② (A)에서 골프클럽이 빨리 공을 때릴수록 공이 더 멀리 간다는 일반적 진술 을 한 후, (C)에서 프로와 아마추어의 차이가 생겨난다고 이야기 하고, 아 마추어는 공을 멀리 보내려고만 하다 보니 통제를 잃는다는 언급을 하는 것이 적당하며, 이후 (B)에서 프로의 경우에는 과정을 정확히 하려고 한 다는 차이 때문에 오히려 공을 멀리 잘 통제해서 보낸다는 서술이 나오고 (D)에서 왜 모든 골퍼들이 이렇게 하지 못하는지에 대한 이유를 설명하는 것이 적당하다.
202 ② (b)만 프로 골퍼들을 지칭하고 있다.
16강
193 ③
203 ⑤
능력의 시험에 덧붙여서라는 말이 있으므로, 앞부분에 능력을 시험하여 면허를 부여한다는 내용이 나와야 하고, 규칙들을 제공한다는 이야기가 나와 있으므로, 뒤에 규율에 대한 부연이 오는 것이 적절하다.
아마추어의 방식은 최대한 가깝거나 최대한 유리한 곳에 공이 위치하지 않게 되더라도 어떻든 결과를 얻기에 그 결과에 만족한다고 말하고 있다.
194 ③ 서로 다른 소유와 정치시스템이 음식의 준비와 식습관에 영향을 미쳤다는 점을 이야기하고 있는 글이다.
시련을 통해 내린 깊은 뿌리가 폭풍우를 견딜 수 있게 해준다는 내용의 글 이므로 avoid는 부적절하고 날씨를 견딘다는 의미의 weather가 적절하 다.
195 ②
205 ④
물질의 속성은 원자의 속성이라기보다는 원자집합의 속성이라고 이야기 하고 있으므로, 앞에서는 속성에 대한 차이를 언급하고 뒤에서는 집합의
156
204 ③
(A)에서 과학의 본질에 관한 교사들에 믿음을 알고자 Brickhouse 교수 가 세 명의 과학교사와 인터뷰를 한다 는 내용이 나오며, (D) 에서 첫 번
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E 모든 변형문제 정답 및 해설
째 교수와의 인터뷰가 나오고 (B) 첫 번째 교사의 과학적 과정을 귀납적
이 그 전에 나와야 한다.
으로 여긴다는 내용이 나온 후, (C)에서 두 번째와 세 번째 교사와의 인터 뷰의 내용이 나온다.
216 ① 싸인을 해주려 했으나 여러 가지 상황 때문에 못하다가 오랜 시간이 지나
206 ②
마침내 해주게 되었다는 내용의 이야기이다.
첫 번째 교사는 과학적 과정을 귀납적으로 여겼으며, 따라서 실험실 수업 은 옳은 답을 얻기 위한 정확한 절차를 포함했다 이기에 ②은 옳지않다.
217 ④
207 ①
소설이 사실적이기를 원했기 때문에 주인공이 겪은 모든 것을 실제로 경 험해 보았다는 의미가 되어야 하므로 (A)에는 인과의 연결어가 나와야 하
신뢰가 일종의 내기이므로 약간의 위험을 안고 있음에도 불구하고 다른 사람을 신뢰해야 한다는 내용이다.
며, (B)에서 역접이 나와 주어야 경험하고자 하는 것의 실패를 뒤에서 언 급할 수 있다.
208 ④
218 ④
문장 구조상 동사가 들어가야 하는 자리이며, and 뒤의 added와 병렬을 이루므로 collected가 와야 적합하다.
소년의 정직함이 보상을 가져다주었음을 알 수 있다.
219 ④
209 ④
해설생략
(A)에서 Oak Heaven에서 발생한 폭풍우와 그 폭풍우를 견딘 고목에 관 한 글이 나온 후, (D)는 그 고목과 같은 자연과 자신을 비교한 글이 나오 고, 이로 인해 (B)에서 우리 삶에 대한 언급을 한 다음, (C)에서 고목과 같 이 생존만을 위한 삶이 아닌 균형 잡힌 삶을 살자는 결론을 이끄는 글이 나와야 한다.
210 ② (b)만 고목을 나타내고 있으며, 나머지는 폭풍우와 폭풍우 같은 사건이나 시련 등을 나타내고 있다.
220 ④ 3년 후에 병사가 싸인을 받으러 간 상황을 이야기하고 있으므로 앞에는 3 년 전의 베트남에서의 상황이, 뒤에는 귀국 이후의 상황이 나오는 것이 적 절하다.
221 ① 소설이 사실적이기를 원해서 주인공이 경험하는 것을 직접 경험해보고자 했던 작가의 노력에 대해 이야기하고 있다.
211 ② (A)에서 신뢰의 위험을 무릅쓰는 이유에 대해 질문을 던지고 (C)에서 답으 로서 신뢰의 잠재적 이득이 더 크다는 점을 말하고, (B)에서 NASA의 예 를 (D)에서 예시에 대한 부연설명을 하는 것이 적절하다.
212 ② 신뢰의 위험을 무릅쓰는 것에 잠재적 이득이 있다는 점을 이야기하고 있 으므로, 잠재적 손실보다 더 크다는 의미의 outweigh가 나오는 것이 적 합하다.
213 ⑤ 공동의 모험의 성공을 위해서 각자가 자신의 일을 잘하리라고 신뢰해야 한다는 내용이 나와야 적합하다.
20강
222 ⑤ 우주가 무엇으로 구성되었는가에 대한 고대의 질문과 그에 대한 초창기 이해에 대하여 설명하고 있다.
223 ② 역접 이후 위에 언급된 이들 모두 불완전함을 가지고 있다고 이야기하고 있으므로, 앞에는 인물의 언급이 나와야 하며, 부연으로 Present them 에서 가리키는 them이 그 불완전성을 이야기함으로 알 수 있다.
224 ③ 뒤 문장이 완전하므로 (A)에는 in which가, 접속사가 없으므로 (B)에는 each가, 접속사가 없어서 동사자리가 될 수 없으므로 (C)에는 growing 이 와야 한다.
19강
214 ⑤ (C)에서 구걸 상황에서 은화를 준 상황을 이야기 한 후 (B)에서 소년이 남 자를 찾을 수 없었음을 말한 후에 (A)에서 나중에 잔돈을 거슬러준 사건을 말하는 것이 적합하다.
225 ④ 윤리적 성찰을 통해 지킬 수 없는 약속을 하지 않고자 하는 학생의 예를 들고 있다. 따라서 allow는 avoid로 고쳐야 한다.
226 ②
215 ③ ③ 다음에서 그 작품을 언급하고 있으므로, 지칭대상인 작품에 대한 설명
E 모든 변형문제
주어진 문장에 만물이 무엇으로 구성되는가에 관한 질문이 언급되었으 므로 (B)에서 이 질문을 하면서 인류가 우주를 성찰의 대상으로 삼았다
수능특강 영어 편
157
E 모든 변형문제 정답 및 해설
는 얘기가 나온 후에 (A)에서 Thales의 답에 대한 설명이 나오고 (C)에서 Thales의 설명이 일리가 있다는 부연이 나오는 것이 적절하다.
병렬로 연결된 동사 자리이다.
227 ②
22강
역사 속의 인물들이 영웅적인 부분과 평범한 부분을 양면적으로 갖고 있으 며, 두 가지 모두를 제시하고 받아들여야할 필요성에 대해 설명하고 있다.
238 ⑤ picking과 병렬로 연결된 말로서 throwing의 형태가 오는 것이 적절하다.
228 ④ 구 멜라네시아와 신 멜라네시아 문화를 대조하며, 생계형 작물을 키우는
239 ⑤
구 문화에 대해 설명하고 있으므로, 필요로 하는 것이 한정되어 있다는 의 미의 limited를 쓰는 것이 적절하다.
물질의 화학적 속성을 알기 위해 화학반응을 일으켜서 관찰하는 방법에
229 ④
240 ②
일반적 진술 이후에 (C)에서 학생의 예시가 나오고 (A)에서 부연설명을 한 뒤, (B)에서 과거의 윤리적 결정을 성찰해 본다는 일반적 진술로 마무리를 하는 것이 적절하다.
대해 설명하고 있는 글이다.
분비샘의 기능 중 중요한 것에 대한 언급 이후 (B)에서 미네랄에 대한 언 급을 한 후, 미네랄이 부족할 때 소화액이 이용가능한 양을 언급 받는다고 한 후 (A)에서 신경과 조직 등에 미네랄이 부족해질 수 있음을 설명하고 (C)에서 미네랄 부족으로 신체 기능의 이상이 생길 수 있다고 이야기해야 한다.
21강
241 ①
230 ③ 한정된 영역에서의 화재와 폭발위험성에 대한 언급이 나온 (B)가 먼저 오 고, (C)에서 그 지역의 폐쇄의 필요성을 언급한 후, 위험이 사라지기 전까 지의 작업 제한에 대해 말한 후에, (A)에서 작업제한이 미치는 추가적 영 향으로서의 비용문제를 설명하는 것이 적절하다.
231 ③
과학을 보편적 진리라고 이해할 때 과학이해에 있어서 혼동이 올 수 있다 고 이야기하고 있다.
242 ④ 긴 풀 너머로 살핀다는 이야기가 나와 있으므로 뒷다리로 일어서는 것을 의미하기에 sit은 stand로 고쳐야 한다.
대기오염에 대처할 수 있는 방법을 열거하고 있다.
243 ①
232 ②
화학특성을 살펴보기 위해 화학반응을 실험해보았을 때 결과로서 다른 물 질이 만들어진다고 설명하고 있다.
이웃의 소음이 국지적 환경문제라고 얘기하였으므로 앞부분에 국지적 환 경문제에 대한 일반적 진술 또는 다른 예시가, 뒤 부분에는 국지적 환경문 제로서의 소음에 대한 부연이 오는 것이 적절하다.
244 ②
233 ③ 주어진 문장 뒤에서 특정한 노출의 위험성에 대해 언급하고 있으므로 노 출이 질병에 미치는 영향을 가리킴을 알 수 있고, 뒤에 이어지는 설명에서 도 생태계의 건강이 인간의 건강에 반영된다고 설명하고 있다.
234 ③
분비샘에 미네랄이 부족할 때 전반적인 체내 미네랄 부족이 생겨나 신체 기능의 이상으로 인한 질병이 나타날 수 있다고 설명하고 있다.
245 ④ (C)에서 역접 이후 과학이 보편적 진리를 전제로 출발하지 않으며 진리에 대한 생각이 상대적이라고 이야기 한 후 (A)에서 과학을 진리탐구라고 생 각할 때 실수가 생긴다는 부연이 오고 예시로서 의문문이 (B)로 이어지는 것이 적절하다.
석유 유출의 위험성과 영향에 대해 설명하고 있는 글이다.
235 ⑤
23강
있는 그대로의 의미이므로 it is의 주어+be동사의 형태를 써야 한다.
246 ④
236 ② 국지적 환경문제의 한 가지로서의 소음공해가 가지는 부정적 영향에 대해 열거하고 있는 글이다.
압박의 예로서 팀에서 기대에 부응하고자 하는 것에 대해 이야기하고 있 으므로 (A)에는 for example이, 다양한 원천들이 실은 스스로 부여하는 압박이 더 크다고 이야기하고 있으므로 (B)에는 however가 오는 것이 적절하다.
237 ④ An ecosystem-based health perspective를 주어로 하여 takes와
158
www.alot.co.kr (무료 자료 / 책 구입)
ALL IN ONE
E 모든 변형문제 정답 및 해설
247 ④
259 ④
나이 대에 따른 관광지 선택의 차이에 대해서 설명하고 있다.
과거의 사진과는 다르게 오늘날의 디지털 사진기술은 찍고 나서 확인할 수 있다는 점을 설명하고 있다.
248 ③ 쇼핑에 시간적 제약을 두거나 너무 많은 시간을 할애하는 것이 미치는 영
260 ①
향에 대해 기술하고 있다.
꿈에 비유할 수 있는 추상예술에 의미 있는 실체가 없다고 부연하고 있으 므로 꿈도 우리의 삶과 관련한 의미 있는 실체가 없다는 표현이 오는 것이
249 ③
적절하다.
스포츠 경기의 룰을 바꾸었을 때 얻을 수 있는 즐거움에 대해 기술하고 있 다.
261 ⑤
250 ⑤
가정법 과거완료의 주절으로, would have been able to experience and identify의 형태를 줄였으므로 do가 아닌 have가 와야 한다.
스포츠에서 스트레스가 생겨나는 다양한 원인들에 대해서 열거하고 있다.
25강
251 ③ 나이든 여행객들의 가처분소득에 대한 이야기 이후 젊은 여행객들에 대한 설명 이전에 시간에 대한 언급과 함께 대안의 여행방식의 선택에 대한 부 연이 오는 것이 적절하다.
262 ④ 모차르트 효과가 실재하는지에 대해 고찰하고 있는 글이다.
252 ⑤
263 ①
쇼핑에 사용되는 시간을 제한할 것인지 충분한 시간을 할애할 것인지가 쇼핑경험에 긍정 또는 부정의 영향을 미친다고 설명하고 있는 글이다.
(A)는 앞과 뒤에 직접 창의적 접근을 취한다는 취지가 나와 있으므로 Indeed가, 예시가 이어지는 (B)는 For instance가 나오는 것이 적절하 다.
253 ③ 뒤에 나온 have more readily satisfied가 동사이므로 동사가 아닌 과 거분사 played가 와야 한다.
24강
254 ④ 음악의 고유성에 영향을 미치는 다수의 요소들에 대해서 언급하고 있으므 로 ignore가 오는 것이 적절하다.
255 ② 오늘날의 사진작가들은 디지털카메라로 인해 찍은 다음에 확인을 한다는 내용이 부연으로 오고 있다.
256 ③ 이따금씩 꿈이 우리의 깊은 잠재의식을 나타내지 않는 다는 것은 아니지 만, 우리의 삶과 직접적인 관계가 없다고 이야기해야 문맥상 흐름이 자연 스럽기 때문에 subconscious가 오는 것이 적절하다.
257 ③ Congo 를 배경으로 한 것은 원작인 Heart of Darkness 이며, Apocalypse Now는 Vietnam과 Cambodia를 배경으로 하고 있다.
258 ② 작곡 요소에 의해서만 확립되는 것은 아니라고 이야기하고 있으므로 (A) 에 역접이, 고유성이 연주에 들어가 있지만 여러 활동들의 조합이라고 이 야기하고 있으므로 (B)에도 역접이 들어가야 한다.
E 모든 변형문제
264 ④ 아이들이 신뢰할 수 있는 어른 외에도 또래 친구들이 있다는 취지의 (C)가 먼저 오고, 어른의 조언과 또래의 조언이 같은 경우를 언급한 후, (A)에서 다른 경우에는 조언이 서로 다른 경우가 있다는 내용이 나오고 나서, 이 경우 어른의 의견을 더욱 신뢰한다고 설명하고 (B)에서 역접이후 세대차 이로 인해 또래에 대한 신뢰가 더 큰 경우를 언급하는 것이 적절하다.
265 ⑤ 빠르게 변화하는 사회 속에서 유연성의 필요에 대해 언급하고 있는 글이 므로, 행동을 상황에 따라 유지하는 것이 아니라 adjust하는 것이 필요하 다.
266 ② 주어진 질문에 대한 부연이 나오는 (B)가 가장 먼저 오고 Mozart Effect 에 대한 주장을 설명하고 있는 (A)가 온 후에, 그 주장에 대한 평가가 나오 는 (C)가 오는 것이 적절하다.
267 ① 교사 스스로가 창의적인 접근방식을 취하는 것이 학생들의 창의적으로 만 드는 데 효과적이라고 주장하고 있다.
268 ② 일부 경우에는 어른과 학교 친구의 조언이 일치하여 선택이 필요하지 않 다는 의미이므로 alternative가 아니라 congruent이어야 한다.
269 ② 경쟁이 적응을 나타내는 경우도 있고 협동이 적응을 나타내는 경우도 있다
수능특강 영어 편
159
E 모든 변형문제 정답 및 해설
고 이야기하고 있으므로 유연함일 필요하다는 취지가 오는 것이 적절하다.
280 ② 드론에 대한 언급이 처음 이루어지는 (B)가 제일 먼저 나오고 (A)에서 드 론 서비스에 대한 부연이 나온 후 (A)에서 언급한 온라인 상점에 대한 부 연이 언급되는 (C)가 오는 것이 적절하다.
26강
270 ⑤
281 ③
독자가 직접 생각할 여지를 남겨둠으로써 추론하도록 하게 만드는 방법에
일반적 진술에 대한 예시가 나오고 뒤에 예시에 대한 부연 또는 예시를 열
대해 설명하고 있다.
거하는 문장이 나와야함을 감안할 때 ③의 자리가 적절하다.
271 ④ 27강
과거와는 달리 현재는 반려동물들에게 사람의 이름을 붙여준다는 내용의 글이다.
282 ⑤
272 ④ 많은 가족들이 모여 먹을 수 있는 음식에 대해 이야기하고 있으므로
crowd-pleasing이 적절하다.
산불에 대한 부연인 (C)가 가장 먼저 온 후, 해수면 온도상승이 폭풍을 부 추긴다고 말한 후에 (B)에서 폭풍에 대한 부연과 함께 교통에 미치는 영 향을 설명하고 (A)에서 결론으로 더 높은 기온이 심각한 기후상황과 교통 비용증가를 일으킨다고 설명하는 것이 자연스럽다.
273 ② 의사소통에 어려움을 겪는 아이들이 놀이 활동을 통해 치유의 기회를 얻 을 수 있으며, 놀이 활동을 통한 간접적 표현을 통해 감정적 문제로부터 거리를 두며 편안히 치유의 기회를 얻을 수 있다고 설명하고 있다.
283 ③ many를 주어로 하는 동사 자리이므로 have를 써야 한다.
284 ⑤
274 ①
온라인 상점에 대한 부연 앞에 나오는 ⑤가 적절한 위치이다.
독자에게 모든 것을 말해 주면 지루해할 것이므로 (A)에는 boring이 독자 에게 추론할 수 있는 여지를 주는 것이므로 (B)에는 maybes가, 부분 부 정으로서 모든 것을 말해주지 않는다고 말하는 것이 적절하므로 (C)에는 everything이 들어가는 것이 알맞다.
285 ⑤ 빅데이터 활용에 있어서의 고려해야할 사항들에 대해 열거하고 있다.
275 ②
28강
반려동물의 이름에 사람의 이름이 부여되기 시작했다는 언급 이후로 변화 에 대한 예시가 나오는 것이 적절하다.
276 ⑤ 가족구성의 방식에 따라 서로 다른 음식물 소비의 방식에 대해 설명하고 있다.
286 ③ 앞에서 누구도 가고 싶지 않았다고 이야기하고 있고, 뒤에서 다른 사람들 을 행복하게 해주고 싶었다는 부연이 나온 것으로 보아, 상대방이 가고 싶 다고 추정했다는 취지의 글이 오는 것이 적절하다.
287 ④
277 ① 놀이 활동을 통해 생각과 느낌을 보다 더 잘 표현할 수 있고 간접적 표현 을 통해 감정과 기억에 대한 자각과 치유가 가능하다고 부연하고 있다.
반대로도 발생할 수 있다고 말하면서 유연해질 수 있다고 하는 것으로 보 아 앞에는 유연하지 못한 몸과 마음에 대한 설명이, 뒤에는 유연해지는 것 에 대한 예시가 오는 것이 적절하다.
278 ④
288 ①
더 높은 기온으로 인한 피해를 열거하고 있다.
재정적 어려움을 겪는 학생들은 재정적으로 힘든 상황이 발생할 가능성을 높게 평가한 반면, 그렇지 않은 학생들은 낮게 평가했다는 실험결과에 대 한 설명이다.
279 ③ 네트워크화된 컴퓨터가 이전에 존재하지 않았던 기회를 제공해준다고 한 후, 역사적 관점 없이는 완전히 이해할 수 없다는 이야기가 나오고 있으므 로 (A)에는 역접의 연결어가 오는 것이 적절하며, 역사와 용어에 대한 간 단한 소개가 도움이 된다는 말 이후에 용어에 대한 친숙함이 필수적이라 고 이야기하고 있으므로 (B)에는 순접 추가 형태의 연결어가 오는 것이 적절하다.
160
289 ⑤ 첫 문장에서 사람들이 하는 일에 대한 감정적 반응이라고 이야기하고 있 으며, 이후로도 타인의 삶이 우리의 삶에 영향을 미친다고 이야기하고 있 는 것으로 보아 타인의 행동에 우리가 관심을 가진다는 내용을 추론할 수 있다.
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E 모든 변형문제 정답 및 해설
290 ⑤ 누구도 원치 않았던 일이지만 서로가 원한다고 생각을 했다는 취지의 글 이 나와야 자연스러우므로 ⑤가 적절하다.
언급으로 IT관리자가 인식하지 못한 부분에 대해 이야기하고 있으므로 훈 련의 결과가 나쁠 것임을 추론할 수 있다.
300 ③
291 ③ 반복과 선택이 외적으로 표현되는 것이 몸이며 정신적으로 유연하지 못함 이 신체적으로도 유연하지 못함을 만들어낼 수 있다는 부연이 오고 있다.
292 ③ 실험에 대한 예시가 시작되는 (B)가 제일 앞에 오고, 결과 중에 재정적 어 려움을 겪는 학생들에 대한 이야기인 (C)가 다음에 온 후, 이에 대한 대조 로서 재정적 어려움을 겪고 있지 않은 학생들에 대한 이야기인 (A)가 마지
주어진 문장 앞에서 국내기업에 대한 정부의 지원노력을 이야기한 후 주 어진 문장에서 역접 이후 지배구조상 외국기업과 국내기업이 어렵다는 점 을 언급하고, 주어진 문장 뒤에서 다국적 기업 유치의 필요성에 대해 설명 하는 것이 적절하다.
301 ③ 도덕과 법의 특성과 그 차이에 대해서 설명하고 있는 글이다.
막에 와야 한다.
30강
293 ⑤ 상호 관련성이 우리의 삶에 영향을 미친다고 하고 있으므로, 사람들과의 관계는 우리의 삶에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 그들의 행위에 관심을 두게 한다 고 말하는 것이 적절하므로 care가 오는 것이 적절하다.
302 ④ 충치가 어떻게 생기는지와 충치를 치료하는 법에 대해 설명하고 있는 글 이다.
303 ④ 29강
294 ④ 인구성장의 부정적 효과는 평가하기 어렵다는 취지의 글로 부정적 효과가 가장 분명히 드러난다고 하고 있으므로 이용 가능한 땅과 물이 풍부한 국 가 대신에 희소(scarce)한 국가임을 알 수 있다.
295 ② 회사의 결정과 IT 매니저의 고용에 대해 언급된 (B)가 제일 앞에 오고, IT 매니저의 업무에 대해 설명하고 있는 (A)가 다음으로 온 후, (C)에서 인식 부족으로 인한 결과를 다루는 것이 적절하다.
296 ① 지배구조의 모호함으로 인해 국내와 외국기업의 구분이 어려워지고 외국 기업이 거시 경제적으로 긍정적인 영향을 줄 수도 있기에 장려해야할 필 요성이 생겼다고 설명하고 있다.
297 ③ 주어진 문장은 법은 하지 말아야할 것에 관심을 가지며 도덕은 해야 할 행 위를 강조한다고 하고 있으므로, 기부는 도덕적으로 옳은 해야 할 일이지 만 기부해야한다고 규정하는 법이 없다는 예시가 뒤에 이어지는 것이 자 연스럽다.
298 ② 인구성장이 발전을 촉진시킬 수 있다는 일반적 진술 뒤에 아이들이 성장 해서 생산성이 증대될 수 있다는 내용이 나와 있으므로 (A)에는 예시가, 기간구조에서 교육과 의료로의 투자전환이 노동력의 생산성을 증가시킬 수 있다는 내용의 (B)에는 순접의 추가가 적절하다.
오늘날 환자들이 건강문제에 대한 지식을 많이 갖추고 있다고 이야기하고 있으며, 전반부에서 증거와 자료에 기반한 간호업무에 대해서 이야기하고 있으므로 의료서비스 제공자로에게 더 높은 지식과 기술을 요구한다는 것 을 추론할 수 있다.
304 ④ (C)에서 먼저 염증의 좋은 점에 대해 언급한 후, 마지막에 염증에 단점도 있음을 이야기하고 나서, (A)에서 만성염증이 신체에 가하는 위해를 설명 하고 (B)에서 통증이 없는 염증에 대한 부연과 만성질병 및 의료체계 전 반에 대해서 갖는 위험성에 대해 언급하는 것이 흐름상 적절하다.
305 ⑤ 마침내 미국으로 전파되었다고 하였으므로 뒤에 미국에 대한 부연 내용이 와야 한다.
306 ③ 주어진 문장의 앞에서 에나멜층이 대체될 수 없다고 말한 후에, 따라서 에 나멜 층이 닳아 없어지면 충치가 상아질과 펄프층으로 퍼진다고 이야기하 는 것이 적절하고, 이후 펄프층에는 신경이 분포되어 있다고 설명하는 것 이 흐름에 알맞다.
307 ② 주어진 문장의 it 은 증거에 기반을 둔 업무는 중재가 적절하고 성공적이 라는 것을 증명하는 연구에서 나온 자료를 토대로 중재가 이루어지는 간 호 업무를 말하고 있기 때문에 주어진 문장이 들어갈 곳은 ②이다.
308 ① 염증의 장단점에 대한 설명으로 양날의 검이라고 표현하는 것이 적절하다.
299 ⑤
309 ②
생산의 하위문화와 정보기술의 하위문화가 서로 맞지 않는 경우에 대한
이름의 유래에 대한 설명인 (B)가 제일 먼저 오고, 역사적 순서에 따라
E 모든 변형문제
수능특강 영어 편
161
E 모든 변형문제 정답 및 해설
(A)와 (C)로 이어지는 것이 적절하다.
실험의 결과 예측에 대해 현금보상이 달려 있음에도 높은 결과에 대한 기 대를 한다고 이야기하고 있다.
322 ④
Test 1
고릴라의 보호에 대한 글로서 국립공원 관광산업을 통해 공원경비대원들 로부터 보호를 받는다는 표현이 나와야 적절하다.
310 ② 단체가 돕는 사람들의 건강을 신경쓰기 위해서는 잠재적으로 해로운 기부 된 음식물을 버릴 수 있는 권리를 가져야 하므로 discard가 적절하다.
323 ② 운동이 정신건강에 도움이 된다는 취지의 글이다.
311 ② 단순한 인과관계로 설명할 수 없는 다양한 요소들이 연계된다는 내용을 이야기하고 있다.
324 ③ 주어진 문장에서 역접이후 합리성은 이성성을 포함할 수 있고 자기중심적 일 필요가 없다고 이야기하고 있으므로 앞부분에는 자기중심적 정의가 뒤 에는 이성성에 대한 부연이 오는 것이 적절하다.
312 ① 노출을 통해 익숙해진 얼굴에 대해 선호도가 증가하는 것에 대해 이야기 하고 있다.
325 ⑤ 로마법의 모욕죄의 시작과 초기 모욕법의 형태에 대해서 설명하고 있다.
313 ③ 뒤의 예시에서 어떤 사람이 자신의 인생에 영향을 미칠지 알지 못한다는 것을 언급하고 있다.
314 ⑤
326 ① 지식은 교육될 수 있다고 이야기하고 있으므로 전달된다는 의미의 transmitted가, 지혜는 세상을 이해하고 좋은 결정을 내리는 능력이라고 이야기하고 있으므로 판단의 의미의 judgment가 들어가야 한다.
스포츠에 있어서 정신력의 중요성을 강조하는 글이나 ⑤는 경쟁적 경제 환경 내에서 직업의 모든 단계에서의 정신력 훈련의 필요성을 이야기하고 있다.
327 ③
315 ④
328 ④
동사 자리이고 타동사이나 목적어가 없으므로 수동태의 was followed가 와야 한다.
인간의 본성 속에 사회적 접촉의 필요와 동시에 낯선 이에 대한 두려움이 병존한다고 설명하고 있으므로, 상대적으로 소규모의 그룹을 형성했다는 설명이 와야 한다.
316 ③ 뒤의 부연 문장에서 학습자가 각자 경험으로 가져오는 것 때문에 차이가 생겨난다고 말하고 있다.
겉껍질이 두껍고 가시가 있다고 설명하고 있다.
329 ⑤
317 ①
(C)에서 사람의 이름에 대한 예시를 먼저 언급하고, (B)에서 예시를 이어 서 애쓰지 않을 때 생각이 난다는 내용을 말한 후에 (A)에서 일반적 진술 로 마무리하는 것이 적절하다.
지속가능성을 저해하는 fast fashion에 대한 언급이므로 cheapest가 적 절하다.
330 ②
318 ④
William 푸드 뱅크에 대한 전반적인 내용을 다룬 글 첫 문장에서 WFB 의 취지와 함께 기부 시 유의사항을 알려주고 있기에 역접을 나타내는 however가 들어간 문장은 ②이어야 한다.
타동사 use의 목적어가 없으므로 have been used의 수동태 형태로 써 야 한다.
319 ④ 범주에 속해 있다는 것으로 그 일원의 속성을 예측할 수 있다는 글이므로 예측을 통해 불확실성을 줄인다는 취지의 표현이 와야 한다.
320 ② TV가 창의력에 부정적 영향을 미친다는 취지의 글이다.
321 ①
331 ④ 이와 같은 단순한 인과라고 이야기하고 있으므로 앞부분에 단순한 인과관 계가 언급되어야 하고, 조직에서는 오도될 수 있다고 이야기하고 있으므 로, 뒤에는 부연으로 인과관계로 통제되지 않는 상황에 대한 부연이 나와 야 한다.
332 ② 뒤에서 친숙함을 느끼고 덜 위협적으로 인식하게 만든다는 점과 후반부에 보다 더 호의적으로 반응한다는 내용을 통해 유추할 수 있다.
실험내용상 부정한 방식으로 높은 지능검사 결과를 받은 사람들이 다음번
162
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E 모든 변형문제 정답 및 해설
333 ④
346 ③
과정으로서의 인간관계의 중요성을 강조하고 있는 글로서 목표로 이르는
지식과 지혜의 차이점에 대해 설명하고 있는 글이다.
길에 있어서 관계의 중요성이 주제로서 적당하다.
347 ③
334 ⑤ 뒤의 열거와 이어지는 부연에서 정신적 의지와 정신력의 필요성을 강조하 고 있다.
Durian에 대한 언급의 가치를 먼저 설명한 후 주어진 문장에서 강한 냄 새에 대한 언급이 나와야 뒷 문장에서 냄새에 대한 부연설명이 이어질 수 있다.
335 ②
348 ④
학습에 있어 인지의 차이가 학습자의 이전 지식의 축적과 경험의 차이에
앞 문장에서 사회적 유대는 필요하지만 낯선 이와의 접촉을 최소화해야
기인한다고 설명하고 있다.
할 필요성에 대해서 언급하고 있으므로, 소규모의 친숙한 사람들로 이루 어진 집단이 필요함을 추론할 수 있으며, 그 앞 문장에서도 소규모 사회집
336 ②
단으로의 진화를 언급하고 있다.
환경을 고려하는 소비에 대해 언급하는 글로 패션트렌드를 참고하여 구매 하는 것이 현명하다는 취지의 ②가 흐름에 알맞지 않다.
349 ②
337 ⑤
적절히 휴식을 할 때 새로운 통찰력을 가지게 될 수 있다고 이야기하고 있 으므로, 휴식의 중요성을 강조하고 있음을 알 수 있다.
appear는 자동사로 수동태를 쓸 수 없다.
Test 2
338 ⑤ ①-④는 Autograph tree이고 ⑤는 앞 문장에서 언급한 Autograph tree의 seed이다.
350 ①
339 ①
이글의 내용은 가로등을 추가로 설치할 필요가 있다고 생각되는 곳에 말 뚝을 박을 예정이라는 것을 주민에게 알리고 추가설치에 대한 주민의 의 견을 들으려는 것이다.
유사한 대상의 범주화가 예측의 불확실성을 줄여줄 수 있다고 말하고 있다.
351 ③
340 ④ 뒤에 이어지는 내용이 수동적 시청자를 필요로 하며 시청자들이 스스로 생각할 기회를 원치 않는다고 하고 있으므로 창의성에 부정적인 영향을 미친다는 것을 알 수 있다.
세계관의 진보에 있어 철학자와 과학자가 하는 역할에 대한 글이며, 앞글 에서 위험을 떠맡는다는 철학자들과 과학자들의 내용에 자신들의 목숨을 걸어왔다는 ③의 내용이 나와야 한다.
341 ③
352 ⑤
실험내용에 대한 설명에 해당하는 (B)가 먼저 나오고, 피실험자의 성적결 과에 대한 내용에 대한 (C)가 나온 후에, 실험의 결과에 대한 언급이 있는 (A)가 와야 한다.
우리가 우리의 현재와 미래가 과거에 대한 반영이라는 것을 이해할 수 있 다는 내용으로 미루어 과거는 더 나은 현재와 미래를 만들 수 있다는 의미 가 되어야 하므로 ⑤worser → better로 고쳐야 한다.
342 ③
353 ③
마운틴고릴라가 처한 멸종위기에 대해 설명하고 있다.
현수분사라는 개념을 정말 절대로 이해하지 못했지만 내가 상당히 글을 잘 쓴다고 생각하기를 좋아한다는 문장에서 이때 연결사는 역접의 관계가 아니라 양보의 의미를 지닌 Still미며, 학교 음악교육에 대한 내용과 유사 한 문법의 규칙의 이야기를 이를 부분에는 유사성을 나타내는 Similarly 가 들어가야 한다.
343 ② 부연문장에서 운동을 하지 않은 경우 우울증이 증가했다고 이야기하고 있 으므로 운동이 정신건강에 도움이 된다는 것을 알 수 있다.
354 ②
344 ③ 합리성은 자기중심적으로 나와 나의 주변인에게 해롭지 않은 것을 의미하 며 동시에 이성적 판단으로 볼 때 나에게 해롭더라도 타인에게 혜택을 가 져다주는 것을 포함한다고 설명한다.
면화가 세계적으로 확산되는 데 있어서 인도가 지리적, 기술적으로 큰 역 할을 했다는 내용 play a (형용사) role (in) ~ ~하는데 역할을 하다.
355 ⑤
345 ① 주격관계대명사 which 뒤의 동사 자리이므로 과거 동사 contained를 써야 한다.
E 모든 변형문제
①~④는 my shoe를 가리키는 것이지만 ⑤는 Taking shoes back after my shoe is repaired 했다는 내용을 받는 대명사이다.
수능특강 영어 편
163
E 모든 변형문제 정답 및 해설
356 ③
365 ⑤
분산된 주의력이라는 개념을 명백히 보여준다는 내용이 나온 문장 바로
(A)에는 자기 모델링의 효과에 관해 고무적인 결과를 낸 운동연구가 있다
다음에 교실의 상황을 예시로 든 문장이 들어가야 하므로 ③이 정답이다.
는 애용 다음 그 연구 의 한 예로 Hailwell의 연구 결과를 설명한은 과정 이 나오므로 예시For example가 들어가며, (B)에는 이와 비슷한 결과를
357 ③
얻은 Singleton과 Feltz의 연구를 설명하는 내용인 나오므로 앞뒤문장을 이어주는 연결사는 Likewise가 들어가야 한다.
Vespasian은 권력 장악력이 확고하지 않아 통치에 안정을 가져오는 방 법으로 오락의 수단인 스포츠 초대작인 콜로세움을 건설하도록 명령 했다는 내용의 글로 안정성이라는 말이 나와야 하기에 ③instability를 stability로 고쳐야 한다.
수요의 법칙으로 제품의 가격이 인상될수록 수여가 줄어든다는 내용이 므로 1987에서 1991년 사이 가무동안에 물 소비를 줄이는데 도움이 되 도록 가격을 내린다가 아니라 올린다가 되어야하기에 정답은 ①이며,
358 ⑤ Libby의 어머니에 대한 내용을 주어진 문장에서 언급하면서 반항적인 Libby의 입장에서는 어땠을지를 물었기 때문에 (C)의 Libby에 관한 글이 나와야 하며 어머니를 떠난 것이 불성실한 일이라 믿은 다음에 (B)의 어 머니 존재를 확인과 확신하지 못하는 Libby에 관한 글 다음에 (A) 이러한 이유로 반항도 거리두기도 못하면서 상처 받는 Libby가 와야 글의 흐름 이 어색하지 않다.
359 ④ 식재료로 사용되어진 fennel의 유래와 맛 그리고 쓰임을 서술하는 내용 의 글로 fennel이 갖는 의미를 나타내는 글인 ④는 글의 흐름에 무관하 다.
360 ④ perfumed soap를 수식하는 구조이므로 주격관계대명사 + be동사가 생략된 형태로써 fit와 soap의 관계는 수동이므로 fitting 은 fit으로 고쳐 야 한다.
361 ④ 사람에게서 아름다움을 보는 습관을 만든 화자가 정동을 사서 책상 위에 두었고, 이루 다른 이와 다투고 나서 그 정동을 보며 그 사림이 겉으로는 거칠지만 그 내면에는 아름다운 어떤 것이 틀림없이 있으리라 는 것을 깨 달았다는 내용으로 새로운 습관이 자리 잡게 해주는 것의 필요성이 글의 제목이다.
362 ② 우리가 진실로 받아들이는 모든 것이 어떤 추론 과정에 의해 증명되어야 한다고 요구하는 것은 불합리할 것이라고 해석되어지는 문장의 빈 칸에 unreasonable이 들어가야 하며 선택지 중 가장 가까운 답은 ②이다.
363 ⑤ 환경 운동이 다양한 신조를 포함했다는 내용에 대한 사례가나오고 환경보 존주의자들이 논쟁에서 패해 결국 댐이 건설되었다는 내용 다음에 그 논 쟁으로 환경운동이 더욱 발전하게 되었다는 내용이 역접관계로 나와야 함 으로 ⑤이 정답이다.
364 ⑤ 그 이미지가 더 추상적일수록 그 관련성은 더욱더 미약(=tenuous)해져 결국에는 관련성이 상실되는 시점에 이른다. 흥미롭지만 이해하기에 충분 히 쉬운(=simple)것은 만들어 내는 것 사이에 균형이 있다. 라는 내용이 전개되어야 함으로 ⑤의 complicated는 simple로 고쳐야 한다.
164
366 ①
dropped는 raised로 고쳐야 한다.
367 ③ 상업적인 고고학자의 견지에서 본 비교적 짧은 연구 기간이 소개되었고 상반되게(On the contrary) 공공 기관 소속 고고학자의 비교적 긴 연구 기간이 소개되었으며 이어(Then) 언어를 배워야 실체를 알 수 있다는 글 이다.
368 ① 비만 측정에 관하여 사람들에게 최신 정보를 제공하기 위한 노력으로 체 중하나만으로 비만의 충분한 지표가 아니라는 사실을 대중에게 다시 한 번 일깨워 주었다는 첫 문장에서 ①이 내용과 일치하지 않는다.
369 ② 집단적인 문화와 개인적인 문화에서 갈등을 보는 차이를 서술한 글 속에 서 집단적인 문화에서 갈등은 연루된 사람들에게 두려운 경험이 될 수 있 고, 집단적인 문화의 개인들은 갈등을 집단 화합의 위협으로 본다는 점에 서 정답은 ②이다.
370 ② 유아기 때의 행동으로 어린 시절의 지능 지수뿐만 아니라 청소년기 때의 학업 성취도를 예측할 수 있으며, 유아의 운동-탐색 능력이 청소년기의 학업 성취에 촉매와 같은 역할을 한다는 것을 밝혔다는 내용으로 지능에 있어 신체발달이 글의 제목이다.
371 ④ 가로등 추가 설치에 대한 주민들의 의견을 묻는 글이며, 지역방법대원이 나 Denise Richard에게 전화해달라는 글. 찬성이나 반대의견을 알려달 라는 내용이다.
372 ③ 철학자와 과학자처럼 예지력 있는 사람들의 노역과 희생을 통해 우리의 세계관이 진보해왔다는 내용으로 이들 중 몇몇은 동요시키는 질문으로 언 습에 얽매이지 않는 견해를 취했다는 내용이 나와야 하므로 ③steady → unsettling으로 바꾸어야 한다.
373 ② 나쁜 일로 여기는 과거의 기억을 없애거나 떨쳐버리려고 하는 것은 당연 하다는 내용이 우리가 우리의 현재와 미래가 과거에 대한 반영이라는 것 을 이해할 수 있다는 내용 다음에 나와야 하며, 이때 반영이라는 의미를 지닌 어휘는 reflection이며 이는 mirror로 바꾸어 쓸 수 있다.
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ALL IN ONE
E 모든 변형문제 정답 및 해설
374 ④
관을 자리 잡게 하려는 내용의 글이다. 따라서 정동을 사기전인 문장인 ②
문법규칙은 분명 도움이 되지만 그래도 우리는 규칙이 흐름과 창의성을
에 주어진 문장이 들어가야 한다.
가로 막도록 할 필요는 없다는 문장에서 대부분 규칙과 문법, 학교 교육에 해당하지만 their ways는 흐름과 창의성을 지닌 작곡과 즉흥 연주를 해
383 ①
줘야 한다는 내용이기에 의미하는 바가 다른 것은 ④번이다.
모든 추론과정의 전제가 되는 기본 추론 원리는 증명할 필요도 없고 증명 될 수도 없다. 그럼에도 불구하고 , 그 기본 추론 원리를 증명하려 하는 시
375 ①
도는 추론 과정 자체를 불가능하게 만들 것이라는 내용의 글로 요지는 ① 이다.
(A)는 앞 문장에서 면화재배와 면직물 제조는 남아시아, 중미와 동아프리 카라는 세계의 세 지역에서 독립적으로 서서히 발전했다라고 한 다음, 다 음 문장에서 이러한 지역에서 지식이 기존의 교역로와 이주로를 따라 퍼 져 나갔다고 했기에 역접의 However가 들어가야 하며, (B)에는 이와 같
384 ② 환경 운동이 다양한 신조를 포함했다는 내용의 주어진 문장 다음에 이에
은(=like this) 의미를 지닌 Likewise가 들어가야 한다.
대한 사례(B)가 나오고 환경보존주의자들이 논쟁에서 패해 결국 댐이 건 설되었다는 내용(A) 다음에 그 논쟁으로 환경운동이 더욱 발전하게 되었
376 ⑤
다는 내용(C)가 나와야 한다.
① needed repairing (= to be repaired) ② began getting ready for work.
385 ①
③ When walking to the door to leave = When I walked ~ ④ ~ and took my shoe to the cobbler, waiting while it was repaired, and brought it back home. 는 병렬 구조이기에 waiting →waited로 ⑤he kindly got my shoe repaired. 5형식문장 get + 목 +P.P
377 ③ 본질적으로 각 과업이 어느 정도의 주의력을 필요로 하는데, 멀티 테스킹 을 하려고 하는 것이고, 이는 분산된 주의력이라는 개념을 명백히 보여준 다는 내용과 예시로 이루어진 문장의 내용이다.
378 ④ 콜로세움이 건설되어진 이유를 간략하게 정리한 글로, Vespasian이 자 신을 업적을 기리고자 아들 Titus과 함께 콜로세움을 건설하라 명령했다 는 내용이 나와야 하므로 주어진 문장이 들어갈 곳은 ④이다.
379 ① (A)에는 어머니와 거리를 두기 위해 친구를 찾고 있다는 문장 뒤에 어머 니를 정말 좋아했다는 문장이 나오므로 역접의 관계인 However가 들어 가야 되며, (B)에는 어머니는 Libby를 위해 많은 것을 해주신다는 글 다 음에 어머니의 보호적이고, 항상 존재하는 도움이 자신이 확신하게 하 지 못한 원이이라 생각한 글이 나오므로 첨가의 의미를 지닌 Also나 In addition이 나와야 한다.
당근과의 하나인 회향은 고대와 중세에 걸쳐 유럽에서 재배되어진 남유럽 이 원산지인 야생품종이므로 ①improved를 wild로 고쳐야 한다.
386 ④ Halliwell found improvements in performance and confidence of professional hockey player ④came back from injury or after experiencing slumps~. 이 문장의 동사 found가 있으므로 동사 came은 coming으로 고쳐야 한다.
387 ④ 수요의 범칙으로 가격이 인상될수록 수요가 줄어든다는 이론이 Santa Barbara에서 입증되어다는 것을 가뭄 전 후 가격변화에 따른 행동이 변 화한다는 내용으로 이루어져 있다.
388 ② 뒤이은 문장들이 연구기간에 관한 글(짧은 기간과 긴 기간)이 나오는 것으 로 볼 때, 이 문장들 앞에 기간에 대한 글이 나와야 했기에 빈 칸을 담고 있는 문장에는 이윤추구와 지식탐구는 시간적이라는 이유로 고고학에서 공존할 수 없다라는 내용이어야 하기에 time factor가 빈 칸에 들어가야 한다.
389 ②
당근과의 하나인 회향은 고대와 중세에 걸쳐 유럽에서 재배되어진 남유럽 이 원산지인 야생품종이므로 ①improved를 wild로 고쳐야 한다.
Calculations of fatness in the form of Body Mass Index (BMI), which took into account both weight and height, was commonly featured in public discussions. 문장에서 Which가 이 끄는 절은 삽입의 형태로 문장의 주어는 Calculations of fatness이기 에 was는 were로 고쳐야 한다.
381 ⑤
390 ③
명절을 맞아 아내의 조카딸을 반문하러 갔을 때, 두 살짜리 사촌이 있을지 몰랐으나(embarrassed), 아내의 기지로 예쁜 포장지에 비누를 포장하 여 선물했을 때, 좋아하는 StellaBlue를 보고 기뻐하는 필자와 아내의 모 습(delightful)을 글에서 엿볼 수 있다.
집단적 문화는 갈등 회피적이며 집단화합 수호의 장점이 있는 반면 의견일 치 여부 확인 곤란하다는 내용이기에 주어진 문장이 들어갈 곳은 ③이다.
380 ①
382 ② 사람에게서 아름다움을 보는 습관을 만든 화자가 정동을 사서 자신의 습
E 모든 변형문제
391 ⑤ 연구팀이 유아기 때의 행동으로 어린 시절의 지는 지수뿐만 아니라 청 소년기 때의 학업 성취들을 예측 할 수 있으며, 유어의 운동-탐색 능력 이 청소년기의 학업 성취에 촉매와 같은 역할을 한다는 내용으로 행동과
수능특강 영어 편
165
E 모든 변형문제 정답 및 해설
지능이 분리될 수 없다는 문장이므로 빈칸에 들어갈 말은 나눌 수 없는 (inseparable)이다.
399 ④ 주어진 문장에서 두려움과 욕망에 대한 관계를 나타내고 있으므로 다음에 이어질 문장은 두려움과 욕망이 담긴 본능에 대한 (C)가 나와야 하며 그 다음에는 다양한 본능에 의해 충동을 받아 우리는 유형의 것과 무형의 것
Test 3
에 대한 내용이 나오는데 이를 받을 수 있는 지시사가 있는 (A)가 이어져 야 하며, 두려움 중에 가장 두려워하는 것이 죽음이라는 문장(B)가 나와야
392 ④
한다.
This project should take no more than three weeks, but may ④expand longer depending on weather conditions. 이 프로젝트 는 3주밖에 걸리지 않겠지만 기상조건에 따라 더 길게 팽창되다가 아니라 연장되다의 의미이므로 expand→extend로 고쳐야 한다.
400 ④ 상대방 측을 변호할 때 염려한 그의 조수가 변호사의 외투를 수 차례 잡아 당겼으나 변호사는 아무 말도 하지 않았고 휴정 후에 아무 말 없던 변호사 는 상대방 측 변호를 인정하며 전개한 후의 자신의 측 변호하여 승소했다 는 내용이므로 ④가 정답이다.
393 ② 유대가 다원적 사회에 존재하는 행동의 다양성에는 위험이 되기도 한다라 는 글 뒤에 사회적 유대가 강하다면 노상 범죄는 감소할 것이라는 내용이 나오며, still이 여기서는 그럼에도 불구하고 의 의미를 지니기에 이 문장
401 ①
이 나와야 한다.
루지애나 주 Haynesville에서 태어난 Geoffrey Beene은 패션분야에서 직업을 벗어나기가 아니라 추구하기 위해 중퇴하기 전에 Tulane 대학에 서 의학을 공부했다라는 문장이 나와야 하므로 escape은 pursue로 고
394 ⑤
쳐야 한다.
(A)에는 일상적인 환경에서 동물은 접근하기 불가능한 한편, 실험실에 옮겨지면 의 형태로 이어지기에 meanwhile의 의미인 연결사 on the other hand가 들어가야 하고, (B)에는 실험실에서의 동물 행동연구에도 문제점이 있으므로 자연환경과 실험실 두가지 방법으로 절충해야 한다라 는 결론을 이끌어 내는 연결사 Therefore가 들어가야 한다.
395 ⑤ 주어진 문장이 자신과 타인의 관계를 보면 경쟁자는 자신의 바로 옆에 있 다는 내용이며 다음 내용은 동료와의 경쟁이 나오는 (C)가 나와야 하고 타 인 자신과 다르다는 것에 대한 결과는 (B)에 있는 열등감을 얻는 것인데 적으면 이가 유익할 수 있다는 글과 함께 뒤 문장인(A)의 주어 It은 전 문 장에서 나왔던 열등감을 가리키며 Alfred의 말을 이어받는다.
396 ④ 의료서비스에 대한 수요에 대한 글로 의료 공급이 시장에 많아짐에 따라 서비스의 양도 증가되었고, 이는 공급자 우발 수요가 생기게 하여 소비자 자신이 수요를 결정할 수 없어 공급자에게 의지한다는 내용이 이어져야 하므로 정답은 ④이다.
397 ⑤ 전체적으로 Yasmin의 즐겁고 행복한 시간을 갖는다는 내용이 과거시제 로 표현 도이ㅓ고 그녀가 Richard를 36시간 전에 보았다는 내용이므로 시제가 한 시제 앞선 과거완료(대과거)시제가 되어야 한다. 따라서 didn’ t see → hadn’t seen으로 바꾸어야 한다.
398 ⑤ 훌륭한 작가들이 수동적이지 않고 즉각적인 반응을 기록하지는 않고, 예 리한 작가의 눈으로 보는 것을 글쓰기를 업으로 하는 사람이 아니라 모든 전문직에서도 필요하다하는 글의 전반적인 내용에서 볼 때, 빈 칸에 들어 갈 말은 예리한 관찰과 면밀한(심층적인) 분석이라는 말이 나와야 하기에 답은 ⑤이다.
402 ⑤ 텔레비젼으로 보여 주는 스포츠 행사는 제작진이 각자의 역할을 다해야 하며 그 행사 자체는 대본 없이 이루어지므로 계획되지 않은 일이 발생할 수 있다는 내용과 이를 통제하기 위해 행사의 제작은 최대한 조직적이어 야 한다는 글이며, 빈칸이 있는 첫 문장에서 스포츠 연출에는 고도로 조 직되고 통제된 재작이 수반된다는 일반적인 사실이 나와야 하므로 정답은 ⑤이다.
403 ③ ③두려운 단어는 부분적으로 전두엽에 위치한 논리와 추론 영역을 차단한 다라는 내용은 글의 흐름과 무관하며, 글의 내용에서 유추할 수 있는 내용 도 아니다.
404 ③ (A) the researchers found는 삽입된 형태로써 주어는 Many of our errors이기에 동사는 복수 동사가 나와야 하고 전체적인 글의 시제는 현재시제이기에 stem (B) 의미상의 주어인 We가 답변하는 동작의 행위자이므로능동형의 분사 answering이 와야 한다. (시간과 조건 양보의 접속사는 분사구문으 로 전환 시 접속사를 생략하지 않는 경우가 많아지고 있다) (C) be동사와 현재분사 사이에 부사가 나와야 하므로 incorrectly가 들 어가야 한다.
405 ② 아날로그가 아닌 디지털 매체에 대한 특징을 서술한 글이며, 아날로그 방 식인 책들과 전자책의 사례를 들어 디지털 매체의 경우우 저장, 연결, 그 리고 검토의 용이성을 설명하고 있는 글이므로 글의 제목은 다른 선택지 보다 ②Management : Digital media can help가 가장 적절하다.
406 ① We believe things that fit quickly and easily with which we already know. 문장에서 선행사(=명사_가 앞 문장(that아래)에 없기에
166
www.alot.co.kr (무료 자료 / 책 구입)
ALL IN ONE
E 모든 변형문제 정답 및 해설
선행사를 포함한 관계 대명사인 what이 와야 하기에 which를 what으 로 고쳐야한다.
416 ④ 자신과 타인과의 비교 영향으로 무장에서 여러분보다 무언가를 더 잘하는
407 ③
사람은 항상 있고 그에 따른 결과는 열등감을 얻는 것이다라는 내용이어 야 하므로 정답은 ④이다.
다른 사람의 감정에 직접적이 영향을 받는 신체는 우리가 생각하지 못하 는 단계에서 일어나다는 글의 내용에서 주어진 문장은 행복한 감정의 일
417 ②
례를 들어주는 문장이기에 ③에 들어가야 한다.
의료 시장이 공급의 증가로 인해 커지며, 그들 사이의 경쟁이 증가하면서
408 ①
서비스의 증가는 의료산업의 다양한 특징이 아닌 고유한 특징이어야 하므 로 정답은 ②번이다. (various → unique)
인공적으로 제한된 유효 수명을 가진 제품을 고안하는 것의 유명한 사례 인 백열전구의 계획적 노후화에 관한 글이므로 글의 제목은 계획된 노후
418 ②
화가 가장 적절하다.
409 ④ Through socialization, they develop a social self that reflects the society to live는 수식을 받는 the society와 관계가 불완전하여 in which they live의 의미를 지니기에 to live in이 되어야 한다.
People were calling her over from all parts of the lobby, and consequently she ended up quite near the front of the line, heading into the main hall, for the start of the conference. 밑 줄 친 부분처럼 멀어져 있는 게 아니라 회의실에 들어가는 줄 앞쪽에서 상 당히 가까운 곳에 있게 되었으므로 일치하지 않는 것은 ②이다.
419 ②
410 ③ (A)에는 앞에서 부정적인 신체상을 가진 사람들이 해당된다라고 나오며 바로 뒤에 사례들을 열거했기에 예시를 나타내는 연결사 for example 이나 for instance가 나와야 하며, (B)에는 부정적인 신체상을 가진 사람 들에 대한 언급이 나온 뒤에 문장을 전환하는 연결사 While이나 on the other hand가 나와야 뒤에 자신이 건강하지 않아도 건강하다고 생각하 는 사람들이 있다라는 문장이 나올 수 있다.
411 ④ hard → readily(=easily) 글의 흐름상 우리는 더 어렵게(X 쉽게O) 기억 하는 그리고/또는 되찾을 수 있는 정보 쪽으로 우리의 생각을 기울어지게 하는 경향이 있다.
412 ⑤ 아주 오랜 된 커다란 나무에서 자연의 내음의 맡으며 자신이 작아지는 기 분이 들며 겸손해졌다라는 내용이다.
작가를 눈처럼 예리한 관찰과 면밀한 분석의 중요성에 대한 글과 글 내용 에 대한 사례를 3가지 들면서 전개되는 내용에서 글쓰기에 대한 내용은 글의 흐름에 어색하다기에 답은 ②이다.
420 ① 두려움은 욕망과 간접적으로 연결되어 있다라는 문장 다음에 이를 다시 언급해 주는 문장이 ‘우리는 어떤 것을 더 강하게 바랄수록(욕망), 우리는 그것을 잃는 것은 더 심하게 두려워한다.(두려움)’라고 해석되어지는 것으 로 보아 욕망과 두려움은 직접적으로 연결되어 있다라고 해야 하기에 ① indirectly를 directly로 고쳐야 한다.
421 ④ 상대방 측의 변론을 할 때 조수의 염려는 들으려고 하지 않았지만 차를 마 시기 위해 휴정했을 때, 상황을 깨닫고 상대방 측 변호를 했다는 것을 이 용해 자신의 측을 변호하여 승소했다는 내용이므로 답은 ④이다.
422 ②
413 ① It’s hard to believe, but the field is nearing 10 years of age. 믿 기 어렵겠지만 그 구장은 10년이 다되어가고 있다이기에 10년은 넘지 않 았다.
414 ③ (A)에는 유대가 다원적 사회에 존재하는 행동의 다양성에는 위험이 되기 도 한다라는 글 뒤에 그럼에도 불구하고 사회적 유대가 강하다면 노상 범 죄는 감소할 것이라는 내용이기에 양보의 부사접속어구가 나와야 하므로 Still이 들어가야 하며, (B)에는 다른 시민들과 공동체에 대한 책임감은 신 고의 마음을 더 들게 하고 게다가 민간 순찰대의 필요성을 방지할 수 있다 는 내용이므로 첨가의 의미인 Also가 들어가야 한다.
415 ② 주어진 문장에서 이 문제라고 칭한 부분은 바로 연구원들이 동물을 가능 한 한 자연 상태에서 두려고 노력하는데 여기에 문제가 접근이 불가능하 다는 문장이 나와야 하므로 정답은 ②번이다.
E 모든 변형문제
① 전치사 before 뒤에 동명사 dropping ② go on toR 이어서 (다음에)~하다라는 의미이고 go on(=keep) ~ing는 ~을 계속하다라는 의미이므로 receiving은 to receive로 고 쳐야 한다. ③ 주절의 주어가 his collections이므로 분사 knowing이 아닌 known 이어야 한다. ④ his collections played on the innovative use of fabrics
together with his exceptional ability to understand the human form.은 인체의 형태를 이해하는 그의 탁월한 능력과 더불어 직물의 혁신적인 사용을 이용했다 이므로 played는 맞음 ⑤ 백화점에서 자신이 만든 물품을 한정했다라고 해석되어지므로 맞음
423 ④ 스포츠 행사 자체는 대본 없이 이루어지므로 계획되지 않은 일이 발생할 수 있다는 내용이므로 predictable은 unpredictable로 고쳐야 한다.
수능특강 영어 편
167
E 모든 변형문제 정답 및 해설
424 ①
체중이라 여기고 운동을 잘하는 신체를 가진 사람은 자신이 약하고 무능
인간의 걱정하는 성향은 생존에 위협이 되었던 것들이 많았던 과거에서부
하다고 믿으며 계속해서 좋은 것을 추구하려는 경향이 있다는 글로써 정 답은 ⑤이다.
터 전해져 내려오는 기억들의 결과물이고, 이러한 부정적사고와 두려움을 떨쳐버리고 의식을 바꿀 수 있게 교육 받을 수 있으며, 의식의 전환으로써 사회적 의식과 타인과 공감도 강화되며 이것이 효과적인 의사소통을 번성 시키는 이상적인 상태라 했기에 인간의 성향은 변화할 수 있다가 글의 제
432 ③ 확실한 사건에 대해 기억 속에 있는 사례를 사용하기도 하지만 기억을
목이다.
불러일으키는 사례에도 의존한다는 의미이므로 (A)에는 역접의 의미인 however가 들어가며, 우리는 더 쉽게 기억하고 되찾을 수 있는 정보 쪽
425 ①
으로 생각을 기울어지게 하는 경향이 있고 게다가 발생하는 특정한 위험 이나 동시에 일어나는 다수의 사건의 가능성을 부풀게 한다에서 Also와
(A)는 다른 사람들에 관해서 생각할 때, 우리는 훨씬 높고, 일반적이며 추 상적인 수준에서 행동한다라는 의미를 좀 더 구체적으로 표현한 글이 나
같은 첨가의 의미가 들어가야 한다.
오므로 예시를 나타내는 연결사(for example)가 들어가야 하며, (B)에는 우리 자신의 외모에 대해 다른 사람들이 전반적인 요점을 근거로 피상적
433 ②
인 판단을 한다라는 글 다음에 그래서 두 가지 부조화라는 말이 나와야 함 으로 앞 문장을 받는 연결사(So)rk 들어가야 한다.
아주 오래되고 커다란 나무 아래에서 사색하는 내용의 글이며, 나무에 대 한 필자의 느낌이 있는 주어진 문장에 나무의 오래된 수명과 그 장소에 자
426 ④
신이 있다는 내용이 나오는 (B)다음에 나무를 보며 자신이 느끼는 점을 서술한 (A)다음에 느끼는 점이 자연에게서 우리의 위치를 확인한다는 내
아주 세밀하고 상황 설명적인 수준의 세부사항을 사용하여 자신을 분석한
용(C)이 나와야 한다.
것과는 달리, 다른 사람들에 대한 분석은 훨씬 더 높고 추상적인 수준에서 이루어진다. 이러한 분석이 외모를 판단하는데 적용된 경우, 우리는 다른 사람들이 자기 자신에 대한 부정확한 판단을 하게 된다라는 글의 내용에 서 실험결과에 대한 발표내용과 (B)우리가 다른 사람을 판단할 때와 그들 이 우리를 판단할 때(C)에 대한 평가가 부정확하다(A)의 순서로 글이 이루 어 져야 한다.
427 ⑤ 새로운 지식을 받아들이거나 거부하는 방식에 대한 글로, 확실함에 가 질 때, 인지적 확신을 만들어내면서, 우리의 이전에 수용된 신념의 망과 첫 번째 설명은 알고 있다는 느낌을 불러일으킨다는 글이 맺음이 되어야 하기에 빈칸에 들어가야 할 말은 creating (=generating) cognitive confidence.
428 ① 슬픈 이야기를 들을 때 어깨를 떨구고, 상대방처럼 모리를 옆으로 기울이 고, 그 사람을 따라서 얼굴을 찡그리는 신체변화는 우리가 생각한 대로 일 어난 것이 아니기에 usually는 seldom이나 rarely로 고쳐야 한다.
429 ④ 1924년 제네바에서 모인 백열전구 제조업체는 Phoeous라는 카르텔을 만들고 지속시간이 1500시간이 넘는 백열전구를 만드는 제조업체에게 벌 금을 부과하였다는 내용이 본문에 있기에 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것 은 ④이다.
430 ③ 주어진 문장에서 이 가치관은 기능주의적 관점으로 본 사회화에 대한 글 에서 규범과 가치관을 논하고 사회화의 목적은 새로운 구성원이 어떤 특 정한 사회나 집단에서 효과적으로 기능할 수 있도록 그 사회나 집단의 문 화적 양식을 전수 하는 것이다라는 규범에 대한 글 다음에 가치관이 나와 야 하므로 주어진 문장이 들어가야 할 곳은 ③이다.
431 ⑤ 비뚤어진 신체상(像)에 관한 글로 사실은 그렇지 않은 사람들이 자신을 과
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