POLITECNICO DI MILANO School of Architecture Master of Science in Urban Planning and Policy Design Academic year 2019/2020 Urban Policies Design Studio Prof. Alessandro Balducci, Prof. Antonella Bruzzese STUDENTS Maria Camila Barrera Clark Lilley Lorenzo Caresana Amruta Mahakalkar Krishna Priya Poroori
TABLE OF CONTENTS I INTRODUCTION TO CORVETTO Location of neighborhood ...................................................................................................... 3 Location overview ................................................................................................................... 5 Demographics .......................................................................................................................... 7 Land use ................................................................................................................................... 9 Urbanscape and ruralscape .................................................................................................... 10 Public services & places of interest ...................................................................................... 13 Boundaries & perceived sectors ............................................................................................ 14
II ASSESSMENT OF CORVETTO Evolution of neighborhood ...................................................................................................... 17 Social housing .......................................................................................................................... 19 Built-morphology ..................................................................................................................... 20 Accessibility & connectivity .................................................................................................. 21 Natural environment ............................................................................................................... 23 Vacant spaces & opportunities ............................................................................................. 24 Projects underway ................................................................................................................... 25
III ACTORS, BENEFICIARIES & ANALYSIS Actors & stakeholders ............................................................................................................. 29 Unheard voices ........................................................................................................................ 33 Participatory planning ............................................................................................................ 35 Streetscape & community ...................................................................................................... 37 Localising survey results ........................................................................................................ 38 Analysis of voices heard ......................................................................................................... 40 S.W.O.T analysis ....................................................................................................................... 41
IV STRATEGIC ISSUES & CONCEPT A neighborhood of diversity ................................................................................................ 45 A neighborhood of diversity & divergences ....................................................................... 46 Identifing issues causing divergence ................................................................................ 47 Strategic issues ................................................................................................................... 48 Nexus .................................................................................................................................... 53 Converging divergences in corvetto .................................................................................. 54 Vision & goals ....................................................................................................................... 56
V STRATEGIES & ACTIONS Developing neighborhood strategies .................................................................................. 59 Strategies for converging divergences ............................................................................... 60 Voices of the community ..................................................................................................... 87 Converging divergences trails ............................................................................................... 90 Phasing of actions ................................................................................................................ 93
VI PROJECT FEASIBILITY Project feasibility ................................................................................................................. 97 Technical feasibility ............................................................................................................. 98 Economic feasibility ............................................................................................................ 99 Development costs ............................................................................................................. 100
VII ANNEXURE
1
INTRODUCTION TO CORVETTO
I Introduction to Corvetto
LOCATION OF NEIGHBORHOOD Located on the south-eastern periphery of Milan, the neighbourhood of Corvetto is about 5 km from the city centre. Milano was divided into minimum programming units called NIL’s (Nucleo di Indentità Locale) under the Territorial Government Plan (PGT). The PGT demarcates Corvetto as NIL No. 35. Corvetto is surrounded by the neighbourhoods of Ortomercato to the north, Scalo Romana to the west, Rogoredo and Triulzo Superiore to the east, and Parco Agricolo Sud, a vast agricultural zone to the south. The urbanized north of Corvetto shares a direct proximity and connection to the small town of Chiaravalle, 3 km to its south-east. Corvetto avails good connectivity to the rest of Milan and other peripheral towns on its east through the metro line M3, the A1 motorway Autostrada del Sole, a railway, a fairly diffused bus network, and newly developed preliminary bike infrastructure.
3
Corvetto has well-defined borders characterized by transportation linkages and natural elements. Its northern compact urban part is defined by two railway lines, Porta Romana in the north and Rogoredo in the east. The southern agricultural part is defined by Via S. Dionigi and the northern edge of Parco della Vettabbia. The regional highway - Autostrada del Sole physically and functionally splits the NIL into two halves of sub-neighbourhoods, predominantly constituting Quartiere Grigioni in the upper half and Quartiere Corvetto in the lower half. A vertical arterial street called Viale Omero, which evolves into Viale Lucania, runs south to north, connecting Corvetto to the eastern neighbourhoods of Calvairate and Citta Studi through Piazzale Gabriele Rosa, Piazzale Corvetto and Piazzale Bologna.
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LINATE AIRPORT
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Piazzale Gabriele Rosa - Centrale FS - 6.3 km Piazzale Gabriele Rosa - Linate Airport - 7.1 km Corvetto 35 NIL Area - 3.5 km.sq % Area of Milano - 2.00%
CHIARAVALLE ! PARCO AGRICOLO SUD
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LOCATION OVERVIEW
I Introduction to Corvetto
6
Piazza Angilberto II
Mercato Comunale Ferrara
Piazzale Luigi Emanuele Corvetto
Quartiere Mazzini
Edilizia Residenziale Pubblica, Via S. Dionigi
Quartiere Mazzini
Parco della Vettabbia
Via Carlo Boncompagni
Chiaravalle Abbey
DEMOGRAPHICS DEMOGRAPHICS DEMOGRAPHICS DEMOGRAPHICS
from about a decade untill 2017.
/ Population 23,4%
23,5%
Almost all trends observed are in line with the city itself, interePopulation sting is the slight dissonce about immigrants population. Corvetto is characterized by a high percentage of foreign origins 8,8% 7,9% Age groups A demographic allows us to understand inhabitants, which is also found alongreading the axis of Corso Lodi and how the trends of via Mincio, as evidence of the presence of rental accommodation ch area andpopulation, the rest of the territory. at affordable prices. The foreign fromMilan Corvetto toDatas are collected General trend from25.6%, about aversus decade untill 2017. Agegroups groups demographic reading allows usto tounderstand understand howthe thetrends trendsofof Age AAdemographic reading allows us Porto di Mare it represents about 20% in the Muni- how 10 - 19 40 - 64 0-9 20 -39 A demographic reading allows us to understand how the population trends analyzed are in line cipality contex. A demographic reading allows us to understand how the trends of Age groups Almost all trends observed are in line with the city itself, intereor different between Corvetto and the rest of Milan. Data is collected from about 2010 until charea areaand andthe therest restofofthe theMilan Milanterritory. territory.Datas Datasare arecollected collected General General trend trend thechpopulations are in line orimmigrants differs between our resear12.590 2017. 3.184 2842 8.716 sting is theanalyzed slight dissonce about population. from about a decade untill 2017. from about a decade untill 2017. ch area and the rest of the Milan territory. Datas are collected 23,4%
23,5%
Population //Population / Population Population Population
DEMOGRAPHICS DEMOGRAPHICS DEMOGRAPHICS DEMOGRAPHICS
8,8%
8,8%
7,9% 2011
8,2%
37,3%
2008
23,4%
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2017
2016
2005
2013
2012
0-9
2008
2005
2006
2007
8,8%
Milan Milan
2007 2007
2008 2008
Corvetto 36.220 inhabitants2,6% 2,6% Milan 36.220 inhabitants of of Milan Milan 2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
36.220 inhabitants 2,6% of Milan
Percentages on total populat
23,5%
25,6% 2016 2017 2015 2016 2017 2015
12.590
2015
2016
Mi
20 -39
NIL Corvetto inhabitants
Percenta Percentage
Percentages on to
19,08% 25,6% 25,6% + + 6565
- 64 4040 - 64
Age Gruo Age Gruop
19,08% 19,08% 40 - 64
8.716 8.716
2014
Milan
Corvetto 25,6% Corvetto Milan Milan
2017
2015
12.590 12.590
2016
+ 65
Age Gruops per y Corv NILNIL Corvet
8.770 8.770
2017
NIL Corvetto inh
12.590 8.770 2017 2015 2016 2016 2017 2015
8.716 2013 2014 2014 2013
23,5%
Corvetto Milan
23,5%
25,6%
NIL Corvetto
19,08%
Milan
36% 36%
8,2%
Sources: PGT MIlan 2030, Corvetto Chiaravalle - Conoscenza per il cambiamento veri Booklet. 23,4% 23,4%
2015
2016
2017
2005
2006
2007 23,4% 23,4%
2008
2010
2009
23,5% 23,5% 2011
2012
23,5% 23,5%
CorC
Mi
2017
2013 2014 2015 2016 Percentages on total population
Corvetto 25,6% 25,6% Milan
Corvetto NILNIL Corvetto 10 - 19
0-9
8,8% 8,8%
3.184
2004 2004
2005 2005
2006 2006
2007 2007
2008 2008
2010 2009 2010 2009
2011 2011
2012 2012
2013 2013
2014 2014
2015 2015
8,8% 8,8%
2842
20 -39
40 - 64
+ 65
Age Gruops per years
8.716
12.590
8.770
NIL Corvetto inhabitants
7,9% 7,9% 8,2% 8,2%
2017 2016 2017 2016
2005 2005
2006 2006
2007 2007
2008 2008
19,08 19,08% 25,6%
Milan Milan
19,08%
2010 2009 2010 2009
2011 2011
2017 2013 2014 2012 Percentages 2015 2016 2016 2017 2013 2012 2015 Percentages on total population on2014 total population
Sources: PGT MIlan 2030, Corvetto Chiaravalle - Conoscenza per il cambiamento veri Booklet. 2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2005 0 -09- 9 3.184 3.184
- 19 1010 - 19 2842 2842
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2020 -39-39
- 64 4040 - 64
+ + 6565
Age Gruops years Age Gruops perper years
8.716 8.716
12.590 12.590
8.770 8.770
Corvetto inhabitants NILNIL Corvetto inhabitants
2017
Age structure 7
NIL
Corvetto
8.770
2020 -39-39
Age Gruops per years
+ 65
37,3% 37,3%
7,9%
8,8%
2009
2013 2014 2014 2013 40 - 64
Immigrantspopulation population Immigrants Agegroups groups Immigrants population Age
Corvetto Corvetto
2008
Corvetto
8.716
2013
2012
23,5% 23,5%
19,08%
23,4%
Generaltrend trend General Unemployment Generalrate trend 2004
2012 2012
2014
2842 2011 2012 2012 2011
Milan
Milan
10 - 19 2842 2842
2011
NIL Corvetto
2,6% Milan 2,6% of of Milan 23,5% 23,5%
2017
23,5%
23,4%
36%
Immigrant population trend 2006 2006
36% 2016
23,4%
- 19 1010 - 19
3.184 2010 2009 2010 2009 23,4%
37,3%
23,4%
2013
2012
3.18437,3% 3.184
2010
2009
36.220 inhabitants 2,6% of Milan
2005 2005
2014 23,4%2015
Immigrants population
2007
2006
Corvetto Corvetto NIL Corvetto inhabitants 36% 36% Milan Milan
8,2%
2011
23,5%
37,3% 37,3%
8.770
8,2% 20 -39 8,2%
0 -09- 9
Corvetto
Milan
2010
2009
of Milan Age2,6% Gruops per years 23,5%
23,4% 23,4%
8,8%
2007
Corvetto
23,4% + 65
8,8% 8,8%
via Mincio, as evidence of the presence of rental accommodation PortodidiMare Mareititrepresents represents25.6%, 25.6%,versus versusabout about20% 20%ininthe theMuniMuniat Porto affordable prices. The foreign population, from Corvetto to cipalitycontex. contex. cipality Porto di Mare it represents General trend 25.6%, versus about 20% in the Municipality contex. -Age groups
Percentages on total population 36%
Milan
origins inhabitants, is also found the axisdissonce of Corso Lodi and via Mincio, as evidence Immigrantspopulation population General which trend sting theslight slight dissonce about immigrants population. sting isisalong the immigrants population. Immigrants Almost all trends observed areabout in withpopulation, the city itself, Corvetto of the presence of rental accommodation at affordable prices. Theline foreign from intereCorvetto characterized by highversus percentage foreign origins 8,8% Corvetto isis characterized by aahigh percentage ofofforeign 8,8% 7,9% Milan 7,9% Porto dislight Mare it represents 25.6%, about 20% in the origins Munisting is the dissonce population. Corvetto to Porto di Mare represents 25.6%, verses about about 20% inimmigrants the Municipality, among 2007 2008 2010 2011 2008 2009 2009 2010 2011 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2004 10 - 19 0-9 inhabitants, which is also found along the axis of Corso Lodi and 36.220 inhabitants 2,6% offound inhabitants, which is also the axis Corsoorigins Lodi and cipality contex. them almost 20% are of Philippine origin, more than 15% Egyptian andalong slightly less than 10% Corvetto is characterized by aMilanhigh percentage of of foreign 8,8% 7,9% viawas Mincio, evidence ofthe the presence ofrental rental accommodation via Mincio, asasevidence presence accommodation Peruvian. The unemploymentinhabitants, rate also which found comparatively higher (8.5%) than the city’s 3.184 2842 is also of found along theof axis of-Corso Lodi and average of 6.9% in 2017. Immigrantspopulation population Immigrants 2006
Milan
8,2%
Corvetto is characterized by a high percentage of foreign origins 8,8% 2007 2010 2008 2009 2004 2005 2006 Almost all trends observed are in line with the city itself, however there is a slight dissonance inhabitants, which is also found along the axis of Corso Lodi and from about a decade untill 2017. about the immigrant population. Corvetto is characterized byare aare high percentage of city foreign Almost trends observed linewith with the city itself,intereintereAlmost allalltrends observed ininline the itself, via Mincio, as evidence of the presence of rental accommodation Population general trend
2005
I Introduction NILtoCorvetto Corvetto
Sources:PGT PGTMIlan MIlan2030, 2030,Corvetto CorvettoChiaravalle Chiaravalle- Conoscenza - Conoscenzaper peril cambiamento il cambiamentoveri veriBooklet. Booklet. Sources: Sources: PGT MIlan 2030, Corvetto Chiaravalle - Conoscenza per il cambiamento veri Booklet.
APHICS PHICS
Families Families
2,6% of Milan 23,5%
23,4%
23,4%
23,5%
Land Use Land Use
NIL Corvetto
DEMOGRAPHICS Families OGRAPHICS DEMOGRAPHICS DEMOGRAPHICS
08
7,9% 2011
8,2%
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
pulation
/ Population Land Use Families
2017
Percentages on total population
Corvetto
10 - 19
0-9
40 - 64
20 -39
25,6% + 65
Land Use
not built
Age Gruops per years
Observing members per family in the Mazzini district, the data is in line with the greater Milan 19,08% A demographic reading allows uspopulation. to understand how the trends of area. A prevalence of 1 person per family is attested at 45.6% of the NIL Corvetto inhabitants 12.590 3.184 2842 8.770
8.716
2010
the populations analyzed are in line or differs between our researLooking at Corvetto’s land usech composition, has rest an almost equal distribution of residential area anditthe of the Milan territory. Datas are collected 2017 2013 2011 2012 2014 2015 2016 use and open public areas (agriculture, parks, forest and sports) with approximately 27.5% of from about a decade untill 2017.
Tissues
built 19,1% Household data
not built
37,3%
19,1% 22,9%
not builtmobility Tissues
23,4%
Almost all biggest trendsresource observed are districts in line with the city itself, interethan the 35.7% of the land, green is the of the organized around mobility Milan built not built sting is the slight dissonce about immigrants population. them. Porto di Mare is a great reserve of vegetation and this not considering all the Parco Sud Corvetto 23,4% and Vettabbia Park at the western border. is characterized by a high percentage of foreign origins Corvetto 8,8% 23,5% Milan built mobility green inhabitants, which is also found along the axis of Corso Lodi and 25,6% Percentages on total population the concentrations of the Finally, observing graduated population makes the consequences of Scalo Romana Mazzini NIL Corvetto per family via Mincio, as evidence of the presence of rental accommodationMembersgreen built transformations immediately perceptible Milan and planned in the19,08% area: if in the Mazzini district the agricultural at inaffordable ThePrada foreign population, graduate threshold is below 10%, the orbit of prices. Fondazione it stands above 40%.from Corvetto to Age Gruops per years 10% green Porto di Mare it represents 25.6%, versus about 20% in the Muniagricultural 45,6% 0 - 9 1 cipality contex. 2017 2010 2013 2009 2011 2012 Percentages 2014 2015 2006 NIL2007 2016 Corvetto 2008 inhabitants on total population agricultural Members per family 26,7% 3.184 2 Age Gruops per years 40 64 20 -39 + 65 Members per family Members per family Members per family NIL Corvetto inhabitants 12.590 8.770 8.716 Scalo Romana Mazzini 14,5% 3 45,6% 1
22,9%
37,3%NIL Corvetto 36%
23,4%
DEMOGRAPHICS
1 2 10% urces: PGT MIlan 2030, Corvetto Chiaravalle - Conoscenza per il cambiamento veri Booklet. NIL Corvetto Corvetto
2
Scalo Romana Milan Milan
25,6%
calo Romana 19,08%
Mazzini Scalo Romana
40%
Percentages on total population
10%
2017 per years Age Gruops on 2016
3
4+
10%
Milan
1 4+
40%
2
26,7%
14,5% Scalo Romana 14,5% 3 14,5% 13,1%
3 4+
40%
13,1%
4+
23,4%
23,5%
11,5% 35,7% 40%35,7%
35,7%
2 3
1,1%
1,1% 10 - 19
not built
4+
mobility
40 - 64
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
12.590
8.716
non edificato mobiltà
NIL Corvetto inh
8.770
mobiltà
So
not built verde verde
19,1%
mobility agricolo
22,9%
13,1%
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
% ofwith persons with a university % of persons a university gradegrade
% of persons with a university grade
% of persons with a university grade Members per family
25,6% 19,08%
11,5%
built
2007
Corvetto Milan
agricolo
35,7% 2013
agricultural
Literacy
Age Gruops per
non edificato % of persons with a university grade
14,5%
2006
35,7% 1,1%
agricolo
2005
Percentages on t
agricultural non edificato
1,1%
% of persons with a university grade 2011
11,5%
+ 65
green 2005
22,9%
14,5%
built
NI
M
26,7%
Land Use 13,1% green
20 -39
2842
45,6% agricultural19,1%
mobiltà Immigrants population edificato 45,6% 13,1% Tissues Landuse edificato edificato verde 26,7%
NIL Corvetto inhabitants
8
8,2%
Families
36.220 inhabitants 2,6% of Milan
13,1%
4+
40%
45,6% 26,7% Corvetto 45,6%
2 26,7%
3
40%
2004
o veri Booklet.
7,9% 11,5% 22,9%
36%
Members per family green Tissues 23,5%
19,1% 11,5% 1
8,8%
23,5%
General trend 1
mobility
TissuesAge groups
land cover each. Commercial and industrial use also contributes to 21% of the area. The Nil mmigrants presents apopulation good endowment of green areas, although unevenly dispersed. Representing more
05
Tissues
Milan
tion
09 n
I Introduction to Corvetto
Milan
8,8% 2009 8,8% 2010
2014
2015
2016
2017
1,1%
Sources: PGT MIlan 2030, Corvetto Chiaravalle - Conosc non e
mobil
Sources: PGTChiaravalle MIlan 2030, Corvetto Chiaravalle - Conoscenza il cambiament Sources: PGT MIlan 2030, Corvetto - Conoscenza per il cambiamento veriper Booklet. Sources: Corvetto Chiaravalle - Conoscenza per il cambiamento veri Booklet. 1 PGT MIlan 2030, 45,6%
edific
LAND USE
M
With respect to land uses, the urban part of Corvetto is predominantly residential, consisting of public housing or Edilizia Residenziale Pubblica (ERP), which caters to a range of income groups. It covers about 27.5% of land area. Blocks around major commercial centres such as Paizzale Ferrara and along Corso Lodi have a mixed use of residential with offices and commercial use. Commercial and industrial land uses together contribute around 21% of the area. The southern part of NIL is the major contributor of green and open spaces like parks, sports and agriculture, contributing a prominent share of 27.5%.
M M
M Dense Residential Fabric Residential Discontinuous Fabric Scattered Residential Fabric Commercial and Industrial Public and Private Services Parks and Gardens Forests Green Uncultivated Areas Agricultural Use Water Bodies Landfills, Construction Sites and Abandoned Lands Sports and Recreational Use Transportation
M
LANDUSE DISTRIBUTION
14.4%
18.9%
0.9% 0.7% 8.0% 17.3% 0.8% 5.2% 1.7%
7.5% 20.9%
9
0.5%
3.3%
Dense Residential Fabric Residential Discontinuous Fabric Scattered Residential Fabric Commercial and Industrial Public and Private Services Parks and Gardens Forests Green Uncultivated Areas Agricultural Use Water Bodies Landfills, Construction Sites and Abandoned Lands Sports and Recreational Use Transportation
N 0
0.1
0.35
0.7 Kilometers
I Introduction to Corvetto
URBANSCAPE AND RURALSCAPE The neighbourhood of Corvetto holds a unique coalescence of urban-rural composition. The urban upper half is typically a compact fabric of repetitive blocks of ERPs apart from the larger industrial blocks on the edges of Porto di Mare along Via Fabio Massimo and along the Rogoredo railway lines on the east edge. There are few open green public spaces, causing public activities to be limited to streets, major piazzas like Piazzale Gabriele Rosa and Piazzale Ferrara, and a few other multifunctional public spaces. This dense urban landscape in the north suddenly transforms, beginning at the bottom tip of the Quartiere Mazzini quadrilateral. This crucial point of divergence is so unremarkable that it is presently called Piazza Senzanome or No-name Piazza.
10
South of this point exists an extensive network of rural landscape consisting of: two large municipal parks named Parco della Vettabbia and Parco Gino Cassinis inside Porto di Mare; a web of underground streams, tiny surface water bodies, and the open Vettabbia Canal; a sewage treatment plant; a few community farms, and private farmlands. The rural ecosystem also holds a number of underused and abandoned cascine scattered across its span. The historic town of Chiaravalle inhabits the southern tip of the NIL. All these rural elements are located inside the regional Parco Agricolo Sud of Milan Metropolitan Area as proposed under its Piano Territoriale di Coordinamento Provinciale (PTPC).
The urban north currently has a complex yet restrained interaction with the rural south. While a number of community projects such as OpenAgri and regeneration plans are undergoing, survey results reveal that these projects cater less to the local community of Corvetto and more to the wide citizenry of Milano and adjacent towns. Chiaravalle is accessible from Corvetto through Via S. Dionigi and a parallel dirt path along Vettabbia Channel, but accessibility to other parks and parts of Porto di Mare is still challenging and unsafe. The superficially limited and entangled urban-rural interaction of Corvetto holds a great potential for enhancement.
I Introduction to Corvetto
URBANSCAPE
11
I Introduction to Corvetto
RURALSCAPE
12
PUBLIC SERVICES & PLACES OF INTEREST 1
4%
Corvetto is well connected to the city center, so it has access to most of its services. The squares and churches have an important presence in the neighbourhood and define the quadrilateral particularities. They are the main spots for a series of services to develop around them such as schools and medical centers.The main streets define the meeting places for the inhabitants. Mercato Comunale is one of the main spots with commercial and social services of Corvetto. The existing areas that don’t provide services to the community are being considered as opportunities, since their future is uncertain, but full of potential.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
Piazzale Gabriele Rosa Piazzale Ferraira Church - Parish of St. Michele Arcangelo and St. Rita Social Cooperative Society - LA STRADA Residence for elderly - RSA Virgiliio Ferrari Health Care Residence Health Care - CPS Barabino, Primary School - Fabio Filzi Pre School - Scuola Materna Osimo Public Health Department - AST School - Istituto Comprensivo Marcello Candia Primary School - Renzo Pezzani Church - Parrocchia Madonna della Medaglia Miracolosa Piazzale Bologna Piazza Geremia Bonomelli Milanosport - Piscina Mincio Library - Biblioteca Oglio Elementary School School - Scuola Media Lombardini Church - Parrocchia Ognissanti ITSOS Albe Steiner
2
DISTRIBUTION OF SERVICES
4
6 7
6%
8
6%
9 10
4%
11
25%
8%
12 13
4%
14 15
2%
16
18%
17 18
20% 3%
19 20 21
Library - Biblioteca Oglio Elementary School School - Scuola Media Lombardini Church - Parrocchia Ognissanti ITSOS Albe Steiner
PUBLIC SERVICES AND PLACES OF INTEREST Existing Services PUBLIC SERVICES AND PLACES OF INTEREST Administrative facilities Existing Services Educational Institutions
ORTOMERCATO
MECANTE
14
12 13
M
ROGOREDO
Corvetto
11
1
M
10
3 4
Porto Di Mare
Casottel 8 9
7
Rogoredo M
Parco Cassinis
21
Centri Sportivi
Cascina Corte San Giacomo Cascina Nosedo
RIPAMONTI
Cascina Vaiano Valle Scuderia Cascina Grande
Administrative facilities
Sporting facilities Educational Institutions
Cascina
Depuratore di Nosedo
facilities HealthSporting services Health services Religious attractions
Abandoned Railway
Religious attractions
Social services
Social services Cascina San Bernardo
Technological andandEnvironmental Technological Environmental Infrastructure Infrastructure Cultural attractions Cultural attractions
PARCO DELLA ABBAZIE
Commercial services Commercial services and Street markets Public Green Spaces and Street markets
Abbazia di Chiaravalle Cascina
PublicPastures Green Spaces
Casina Gerola
Agriculture land Pastures
CHIARAVALLE
Cascinas
Agriculture land
Administrative boundaries
Cascinas Administrative boundaries
13
3
5
4%
Porta M Romana Piazzale Gabriele Rosa 2 Piazzale Ferraira 3 Church - Parish of St. Michele Arcangelo and St. Rita UMBRIA- MOLISE 4 Social Cooperative Society - LA STRADA Lodi 5 Residence for elderly - RSA Virgiliio Ferrari M 6 Health Care Residence Porta Romana 7 Health Care - CPS Barabino, 8 Primary School - Fabio Filzi 9 Pre School - Scuola Materna Osimo Tijuana Cafè Piazzale Gabriele Rosa 10 Foundazione Public Health Department - AST Piazzale Ferraira PRADA Brenta 11 School - Istituto Comprensivo Marcello Candia Church - Parish of St. Michele Arcangelo and St. Rita Martial arts M 12 Primary school Social Cooperative Society - LA STRADA School - Renzo Pezzani Residence for-elderly - RSA Virgiliio Ferraridella Medaglia Miracolosa 13 Church Parrocchia Madonna Health Care Residence 15 14 Piazzale Bologna 17 16 Health Care - CPS Barabino, 18 15 Piazza Geremia Bonomelli Primary School - Fabio Filzi 19 SCALA ROMANA 16 Milanosport Pre School - Scuola-Materna PiscinaOsimo Mincio Public Health Department - AST 20 17 Library - Biblioteca Oglio 2 School - Istituto Comprensivo Marcello Candia 18 Elementary School Primary School - Renzo Pezzani 19 School - Scuola Mediadella Lombardini Church - Parrocchia Madonna Medaglia Miracolosa Piazzale Bologna 20 Church - Parrocchia Ognissanti 6 Piazza Geremia Bonomelli 21 ITSOS Albe Steiner 5 Milanosport - Piscina Mincio 1
QUINTOSOLE
0
0.25
0.5
1 Kilometers
N
BOUNDARIES & PERCEIVED SECTORS
M
Porta Romana
ORTOMERCATO UMBRIA- MOLISE M
Lodi
MECANTE
Porta Romana
Brenta QUARTIERE CORVETTO
QUARTIERE GRIGIONI
M
QUARTIERE GRIGIONI
ROGOREDO
M Corvetto
SCALA ROMANA M
QUARTIERE CORVETTO
Porto Di Mare
Rogoredo M
PORTO DI MARE RIPAMONTI
PORTO DI MARE
PARCO DELLA VETTABBIA
Sub neighborhoods within Corevetto can be identified not just by their physical attributes and defined boundaries, but also by some boundaries perceived by the community. Corvetto and its surroundings can be understood in 5 sectors namely, Quartiere Corvetto, Quartiere Grigioni, Porto Di Mare, Parco Della Vettabbia and Chiaravalle.
Boundaries and perceived sectors
PARCO DELLA VETTABBIA
CHIARAVALLE
Quartiere Corvetto
PARCO DELLA ABBAZIE
Quartiere Griogioni
BORGO DI CHIARAVALLE
Parco Della Vettabbia Porto Di Mare Borgo di Chiaravalle Pastures Agriculture land Parco Agricolo Sud Milano boundary Administrative boundaries
14
Metro line Tram line
QUINTOSOLE
0
0.25
0.5
1 Kilometers
N
2
ASSESSMENT OF CORVETTO
II Assessment of Corvetto
EVOLUTION OF NEIGHBORHOOD
Corvetto was formerly known as Gamboloita and has a built history preceding the 12th century. The area was characterized by prosperous farm land with an extensive irrigation network. The Milan-Pavia-Genoa railway ushered in the industrial revolution in 1789 and the Beruto Plan of the early 20th century imagined the current Porte di Mare area as a port connected to the sea. The World Wars and divestment in canal transportation ended this ambition, and so began Corvetto’s contemporary urban development.
17
Corvetto housing history starts with the Facist led development of Mazzini Popular housing in the late 1920’s. Later popular and middle-income housing units were built through the mid-20th century. Corvetto’s contentious overpass was built in 1960 and the M3 subway line completed in 1991. Since then, Corvetto has slowly grown in Milan’s focus, being the host of the EU formulated OpenAgri and in near proximity to the Rem Koolhaas designed Fondazione di Prada. With future nearby developments like the Symbiosis Business District and the Olympic Village, as well as Milan’s newfound appreciation of natural and agricultural value following the 2015 Expo, more pressure than ever is placed on Corvetto’s transformation into a contemporary and vibrant neighborhood.
CORVETTO CONTEMPORARY HISTORY
13
M
Disinterest in Milanese canal system leads to last commercial use of Milanese waterways. Parco Gino Cassinis is created in location of planned Porte Di Mare
1 6
5
M 2
Olympic Village planned for Milano Porto Romano
“OpenAgri” begins at the site of Cascina Nosedo
7
2
2 Symbiosis Business District begins with the Fastweb Building
M 9
11 10
Territorial Government Plan (PGT) identifies the area of the Corvetto as a “Nucleo d'Identità Locale (NIL)"
M
8
13 Architectural projects for Fondazione di Prada complete
14
District selected in the "Contract of District II" to 6 increase housing quality, services, and interaction. 55% of works defined Construction of M3 completed to date. subway line. Tramway line below the overpass is abandoned.
Milan-Pavia-Genoa railway line built
12 7
Area is called Gamboloita, prosperous Casinas flourish with expansive network of irrigation networks
12
Construction of the overpass for Autostrada del Sole
18
Excavation work for the port begins, Corvetto becomes an area appreciated by fishermen and bathers
Beruto Plan (PRG) proposes creation of a new port to connect Milan to the Sea. Present day Parco Vettabbia selected as ideal location for “Porte Di Mare”
4
5
The South Agricultural Park is established
WW1 and WW2 dispructs plans and diverts uses of port area
14
3
Made in Corvetto “Piazze Aperte” Launched opened in Piazza Ferrara in Piazza Angilberto II
4
M
The Chiaravalle Milanese Abbey founded
1950 -1955 8
1951 - 1952 9
1949- 1952 10
1925 - 1929 11
Southern area of the neighborhood constructed with IACP funding
INA and the Municipality built the houses in Piazzale Gabrio Rosa and Via Barzoni
Houses built between Via Barabino and Via Ravenna, financed by the Italian State
Mazzini Housing built by Istituto delle Case Popolari under facist regime
II Assessment of Corvetto Selected housing for Contratto di Quartiere II
M
San Siro M
MoliseCalvairate 4
Ponte Lambro
6 M
Mazzini M
7
2
Gratosoglio
M
5 1 3
M
Before 1935 1646 1956 1965 1975
19
0.5
6
1 Kilometers
7 Via Riva di Trento
5 Protest against eviction
4 Marazzini Luigi
3 Towers at Via S. Dionigi
2 Quartiere Mazzini
Rural Built at Via Fabio
1
0.25
Quartiere Grigioni
0
After 1990
N
SOCIAL HOUSING A significant portion of developed land in Corvetto is of residential use. Primarily consisting of apartment buildings or group housing, over half of the housing stock in Corvetto is public housing or Edilizia Residenziale Pubblica (ERP) constructed prior to the 1960s. The popular and often infamous Quartiere Mazzini is an affordable housing project designed in the 1920s-30s by the architect Broglio and today is owned and managed by Azienda Lombarda Edilizia Residenziale Milano (ALER) and the Milanese Metropolitane (MM). Quartiere Mazzini is known as one of the most problematic areas of the neighbourhood. Its deteriorating condition and illegal encroachment in abandoned dwelling units has sparked controversy several times in the community. This also led to conflict between police and encroachers during their eviction. The residents of Mazzini were dissatisfied with the lack of attention towards their quality of housing, at the fault of ALER and MM for not investing enough.
In recent years, a regeneration policy for social housing, Contratti di Quartiere or Neighbourhood Contract was proposed in two phases since 1997. Quartiere Mazzini received funding from Contratto di Quartiere II from 2005. Under this policy, Mazzini received financing for physical as well as social regeneration. The policy aimed at renovation of old deteriorated buildings, maintenance and upgrading of public spaces and services. Additionally, Contratto di Quartiere II introduced social interventions through Laboratorio di Quartiere for improving employment, enhancing security and stimulating the economy. So far, the progress for physical regeneration is slow and unsatisfactory due to ALER’s financial difficulties, but the Laboratorio di Quartiere has shown better results in comparison to other social housings projects under Contratto di Quartiere II. In the early 1990s, new social housing towers were constructed along Via S. Dionigi to accommodate the city’s rising housing demand.
MORPHOLOGY MORPHOLOGY
Corvetto is characterized as having a wide variety of morphological Urban Form, often in a juxtaposing composition that can create disorienting urban fabric and lack of harmony. A representative selection of urban Morphologies in this area include II Assessment of Corvetto Corvetto is characterized as having a wide variety of morphological Urban Form, often in a Mixed Use North of Via Polesine juxtaposing composition that can create disorienting urban fabric and lack of harmony. A Street Layout: Radial and Loose Grid Block Type: Urban Block and Compact Urban representative selection of urban Morphologies in this area include
20
Block Mixed Use North Via Polesine Lot Pattern: CityofBlocks, Ribbons, InterconStreet nectedLayout: Ribbons,Radial Openand andLoose ClosedGrid Courtyards, Block Type: Urban Block and Commercial Compact Urban Building Type: Residential, and Block Public Service, Multi Family, Low and Mid Rise Lot Pattern: City Blocks, Ribbons, InterconDevelopment East ofand LodiClosed Courtyards, nected Ribbons, Open Street Layout: Radial and Grid Building Type: Residential,Loose Commercial and Block Type: Urban Block Public Service, Multi Family, Low and Mid Rise Lot Pattern: City Blocks, Ribbons, InterconDevelopment East of Lodi nected Ribbons, Open and Closed Courtyards Street Layout: Radial and Loose Grid Building Type: Residential and Commercial, Block Type: Urban Block Multi Family, Residential Towers Lot Pattern: City Blocks, Ribbons, Interconnected Ribbons, Open and Closed Courtyards Public Housing 1 - Mazziniand Commercial, Building Type: Residential Street Layout: Radial Multi Family, ResidentialGrid Towers Block Type: Compact Urban Block Lot Pattern: City Blocks, Closed Courtyards, Public Housing 1 - Mazzini Open Courtyards Street Layout: Radial Grid Multi Family, 4 Building Type: Residential, Block Compact Urban Block and 5 Type: stories Lot Pattern: City Blocks, Closed Courtyards, Open Courtyards Public Housing 2 Building Type: Residential, Multi Family, 4 Street Layout: Radial Grid and 5 stories Block Type: Urban Block Lot Pattern: City Bocks, Ribbons, Coupled Public Housing 2 Ribbons Street Layout: Radial Grid Multi Family, 4 Building Type: Residential, Block Urban Block and 5 Type: Stories Lot Pattern: City Bocks, Ribbons, Coupled Ribbons Industrial Area Building Type: Residential, Multi Family, 4 Street Layout: Organic Loose Grid, Loose and 5 Stories Grid Block Type: Peri-Urban Block Industrial Area Lot Pattern: Irregular Street Layout: Organic Loose Grid, Loose Building Type: Industrial, Slabs, Sheds, Grid Warehouses Block Type: Peri-Urban Block Lot Pattern: Irregular Building Type: Industrial, Slabs, Sheds, Warehouses
BUILT-MORPHOLOGY
ACCESSIBILITY & CONNECTIVITY
M
M
Corvetto is connected through the Yellow Metro line - M3, and the railway S-lines in the periphery. The central point is Piazzale Corvetto where the Metro station arrives. Corso Lodi is the main street, while the main congestion is across the Autostrada del Sole, viale Lucciana and Corso Lodi, where the incoming traffic from the periphery to Milan gets combined with the local traffic.
M
Although Corvetto is in Milan’s periphery, the neighbourhood is easily accessible through multiple modes of public transportation like buses, metro, and partially tram. Additionally, Corvetto has adequate road infrastructure and a main spine of bike tracks with a Public Bike Sharing (PBS) system. Bike and road infrastructure both have room for improvement.
M
With the help of service area mapping, the neighbourhood was found to be mostly accessible by a 5 min walk from the main metro stations, in relation to the time spent to reach the important identified nodes of Corvetto. However, infrastructure also creates physical barriers, like the Overpass or the disruption of the existing pedestrian infrastructure. Improving accessibility and connectivity for people is an important element in Milan’s planning as demonstrated by the general plans (PUMS & PGT), which identified areas where pedestrian and cycling infrastructure could be improved and have proposed further new infrastructure and policies to meet them.
M
TRAFFIC ANALYSIS NILs Existing Zone 30 Proposed Zone 30 Proposed Overpass
21
Congestion Level No Congestion Low Congestion High Congestion Very High Congestion
0
0.25
0.5
Bus Stops Tram Stations M Metro Stations
Railway Stations
1 Kilometers
N
II Assessment of Corvetto
PEDESTRIAN NETWORK
BIKE NETWORK
M
M
M
M
M
M
M M
M
0
NILs Major Circulation Network Pedestrian Priority Area Public Space Projects Rail Tracks
22
Pedestrian Accesibility Low >10 min Medium 5 min High <5 min Pedestrian Crossing
0.25
0.5
Bus Stops Tram Stations M Metro Stations
Railway Stations
1 Kilometers
M
N 0
NILs
Proposed Bike Tracks
Major Circulation Network
PUMS Priority Bike Area
Rail Tracks Existing Bike Tracks
Mi Bici Stations Bike Shops
0.25
0.5
Bus Stops Tram Stations M Metro Stations
Railway Stations
1 Kilometers
N
M
Porta Romana
NATURAL ENVIRONMENT
II Assessment ORTOMERCATOof Corvetto UMBRIA- MOLISE M
Lodi
MECANTE
Porta Romana
The urban ecosystem of Corvetto is composed of public and private urban green areas. In the rural part, there is extensive agricultural use and numerous natural spaces along the water courses, functioning as hotspots of biodiversity. Parco Agricolo Sud, a regional park, is structured with regulations for conservation and enhancement of agriculture practices. Moreover, there are newly proposed projects that plan to establish a green belt by regenerating abandoned railway infrastructure in Porta Romana and Rogoredo. These can further be connected with existing periNILs urban parks like Parco Gino Cassinis and Parco della Vettabbia. Private Green Spaces
Green Spaces Corvetto contains several naturalPublic spaces with proposed priority area projects meant to provide Municipale ecosystem services and revival Parco of the natural character. An extensive network of blue-green Sporting infrastructure has profound influence on facilities the quality of the rural and natural environment. Porte di Mare has historical significance forGreen Milan, butProvision currently contains several problematic locations with Public degradation and neglect. As per the vegetation mapping of urban trees, Corvetto, especially the dense urban north, has areas in need of afforestation to create more pleasant and environmentally Forest sound public spaces.
Brenta
QUARTIERE GRIGIONI
M
M Corvetto
SCALA ROMANA M
QUARTIERE CORVETTO
Porto Di Mare
Rogoredo M
Parco Agricolo Sud
1
Water Bodies
Some established projects involving the natural or cultivated spaces exist. These proposals can be Agricultural Priority network. Areas strengthened as part of developing an ecological By focusing on arrangements of priority Areas Destinated for Agricultureof the urban and rural can be improved areas and specific fragile spots, the existing relationships through persistent interventions. Orti Urbano Spots
ROGOREDO
RIPAMONTI
PORTO DI 1 MARE
2
4
Casinas
NILs
Cascinas
23
Cascina Corte San Giacomo
2
Cascina Nosedo
Parco Municipale
3
Scuderia Cascina Grande
Sporting facilities
4
Cascina Vaiano Valle
5
Cascina Vaiano Valle
6
Cascina San Bernardo
Parco Agricolo Sud
7
Cascina Gerola
Water Bodies
8
Cascina La Grangia
1
Parco Gino Cassinis
2
Parco della Vettabbia
PARCO3DELLA VETTABBIA
Private Green Spaces
1
Public Green Spaces
5
2
Green Public Provision
PARCO DELLA ABBAZIE
Degraded Areas
6
Forest
Agricultural Priority Areas
BORGO DI CHIARAVALLE 8
7
Areas Destinated for Agriculture Orti Urbano Spots Casinas
Cascinas
1
Cascina Corte San Giacomo
QUINTOSOLE
0
0.25
0.5
1 Kilometers
N
VACANT SPACES & OPPORTUNITIES
PROPOSED AND ON-GOING PROJECTS
1
ALERâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Vacant Building - proposed for PoliMI Residence - no proposal for ground floor yet
2
Mercato Comunale Ferrara - some vacant commercial units
3
Teatro della XIV - - owned by the Comune di Milano - underused since 2003
4
(CAM) Polo Ferrara - contains a
The neighbourhood contains several vacant land parcels, abandoned built structures, closed bar both public and private, and underused spaces. A few commercial blocks owned by 5 Vacant commerical units on ground ALER are vacant or underused in degraded condition. floorAn incomplete project by ALER proposed as PoliMI residents has its ground floor unused at the prominent location of 6 Abandoned and dilapidated house Piazzale Ferrara. Several informal structures and abandoned warehouses can be seen Abandoned dilapidated 7 in vacant and abandoned along Via Fabio Massimo Porto diand Mare. Cascine, although structure many in the process of actively being converted for adaptive reuse for rural and San Nazzaro - underused 8 Cascina community activities are still underused or sometimes abandoned. recently proposed for refunction 9
Cascina Nosedo - underused recently proposed for refunction
10
Former Disco Karma - owned by the Comune di Milano - presently vacant
11
Cascina San Bernardo - underused owned by the Comune di Milan recently proposed for refunction
PROPOSED AND ON-GOING PROJECTS
1
ALERâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Vacant Building - proposed for PoliMI Residence - no proposal for ground floor yet
2
Mercato Comunale Ferrara - some vacant commercial units
12
Cascina Grangia at Chiaravalle abandoned private property
3
Teatro della XIV - - owned by the Comune di Milano - underused since 2003
13
4
(CAM) Polo Ferrara - contains a closed bar
Porto di Mare - structures along the edges of via Fabio Massimo and via San Dionigi - owned by the Comune di Milano, mostly vacant or illegally occupied
5
Vacant commerical units on ground floor
14
Degraded landscape at Porto di Mare
6
Abandoned and dilapidated house
15
Abandoned rural structures along Via Vaiano Valle
7
Abandoned and dilapidated structure
16
Abandoned warehouse
17
Abandoned warehouse
8
Cascina San Nazzaro - underused recently proposed for refunction
18
Abandoned warehouse
19
Abandoned building
20
Abandoned dilapidated building
21
Abandoned building
9
Cascina Nosedo - underused recently proposed for refunction
10
Former Disco Karma - owned by the Comune di Milano - presently vacant
11
Cascina San Bernardo - underused owned by the Comune di Milan recently proposed for refunction
24 12
Cascina Grangia at Chiaravalle -
M
M
M
3 18
4
7
1
16
2 19 20
17
M
M
5
6
21
13 10
8 15
M
9 14
11
12
0
0.25
0.5
1 Kilometers
N
PROJECTS UNDERWAY IMPLEMENTATIONS AND REGULATIONS UNDER PGT Art. 15.6 External Historical Centers Areas subject to regeneration Regulations relating to urban planning equalization and transfer of building rights, with certain exemptions on ground floor Art. 15. 2 Areas of Urban Renewal Regulations relating to urban planning equalization and the transfer of building rights Art. 16.8 Grandi Funzioni Urbane (GFU) Regulations as per protections of Parco Agricolo Sud Milano under Territorial Coordination Plans (PTC) Maximum Territorial Building Index equal to 0.15 m2/m2 IMPLEMENTATIONS AND REGULATIONS PGT Art. 52. Areas under adoptedUNDER Measures For abandoned and decommissioned railway yards Art. 15.6Urban External Historical Centers Rubattino Redevelopment Program Areas subject to regeneration Regulations relating toAreas urban planning equalization Art. 15. 6. Pedestrian and transfer of building rights, For streets in Regeneration Areaswith and certain External exemptions on ground floor Historical Centers Art.15. 15.5.2Interchange Areas of Urban Renewal Art. Nodes Regulations to urbantoplanning equalization Objectives to relating give continuity urban relationships andoptimizing the transfer of building rights safety and and street connections, permeability. Medium and Large Structures for suitable Art. 16.8 Grandi Funzioni Urbane (GFU) use Regulations as per protections of Parco Agricolo Sud Milano Territorial Coordination Plans (PTC) Art. 15. under 4. Squares Maximum to Territorial Building to Index equal to 0.15 m2/m2 Objectives give continuity urban relationships and optimizing street connections, safety and Art. 52. Areas under adopted Measures permeability For abandoned and decommissioned railway yards Rubattino Urban Redevelopment Program Art. 15.3 Environmental Regeneration Consideration of "climate impact reduction" index and Art. 15. 6. Pedestrian permeable green surface Areas For streets in Regeneration Areas and External Historical Centers Art. 24. Areas intended for Agriculture Regulations as per the framework of Territorial Plan of Art. 15. 5. Interchange Nodes Provincial Coordination (PTCP) Objectives to give continuity to urban relationships and optimizing streetunder connections, Proposed Bike Paths PUMS safety and permeability. Medium and Large Structures for suitable use
PROPOSED AND ON-GOING PROJECTS
1
PoliMi Residence Reconstruction of incomplete ALER property as Residence for PoliMi students with 250 capacity at Piazzale Ferrara
2
Contratto di Quartiere II Redevelopment and renewal of public housing
3
Redevelopment as Olympic Village 2026 Regeneration of abandoned railyard of Porta Romana
3 4
Redevelopment as Olympic Village â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;26
Rotaie Verdi
M
5
Reinventing Cities
8
M
Rotaie Verdi initiative promoted byWWF Italia with the support of Fondazione Cariplo to create a linear park PROPOSED AND between SanON-GOING CristoforoPROJECTS and that of Porta Romana
1
international call for proposal to develope Residence PoliMi students 250 capacity scenarios forfor zero-emission realwith estate. at Piazzale Ferrara of Porto di Mare 6 Regeneration Contratto di Quartiere II under Piano Quartieri of the Municipality 2 Approved Redevelopment and renewal of public housing of Milan in 2018, to rebuilt environmental and community interest Redevelopment as Olympic Village 2026 3 Regeneration abandoned structures railyard of Porta of formalofabandoned 7 Reuse Romanaof informal structures along via Fabio Removal Massimo and via San Dionigi and improving the Rotaie Verdi 4 landscape. Also-proposes securing the former initiative Italia on with landfill and promoted building a byWWF biogas plant it. the support of Fondazione Cariplo to create a linear park between San Cristoforo and that of Porta of Rogoredo railway yardsRomana 8 Redevelopment
Redevelopment of Rogoredo Railyards
PoliMi Residence
2
PoliMi Residence Cities5 1 Reinventing Reconstruction of incomplete ALER property as
M
PoliMi Residence
7
Reuse of formal abandoned structures
M OpenAgri at Cascina Nosedo
10
6
Regeneration of Porto di Mare
Reinventing of Citiesthe cycle path connecting 9 5 Construction international call for proposal to develope Rogoredo Redevelopment to Chiaravalle village scenarios for zero-emission real estate.
at Cascina Nosedo 11 OpenAgri Regenerationof ofaPorto diCascina Mare - Nosedo for part of 6 Requalification
Approved under Piano the and Municipality community farming and Quartieri agri-food of chain of Milan in 2018, to rebuilt environmental hosting training spaces, public services andand communityforinterest aboratories research.
Reuse of formal abandoned structures Cascina San Bernardo 127 Refunction Removal offorests informal structures along via Community and farming training forFabio
13 8
Art. 15.3 Environmental Regeneration Consideration of "climate impact reduction" index and permeable green surface
9 14 11
Proposed Bike Paths under PUMS
12
25
M
4
Art. 15. 4. Squares Objectives to give continuity to urban relationships and optimizing street connections, safety and permeability
Art. 24. Areas intended for Agriculture Regulations as per the framework of Territorial Plan of Provincial Coordination (PTCP)
M
11
OpenAgri
9
Bike Paths
12
Massimo and via San Dionigi and improving the children and young people landscape. Also proposes securing the former landfill and building Terzo Paesaggio - a biogas plant on it. Reuse ormer gymnasium at Chiaravalle for Redevelopment of Rogoredo railway promoting community development andyards artistic projects Construction of the cycle path connecting Rogoredo Redevelopment to Chiaravalle village Sharing Cities Redevelopment to build a smart neighborhood OpenAgri Cascina Nosedo with almostat zero emissions Requalification of a part of Cascina Nosedo for community farming and agri-food chain and Scuola dei Quartieri under PON Metro hosting training spaces, public services and (2014-2020)aboratories for research. A program for suburban neighbourhoods to help create projects and services, conceived and Refunction by Cascina San - quality of implemented citizens toBernardo improve the Community forests and farming training for life the of neighborhood. children and young people
13 Terzo Paesaggio -
Reuse ormer gymnasium at Chiaravalle for
Refunction Cascina San Bernardo
Terzo Paesaggio
13
Sharing Cities
0
0.25
0.5
1 Kilometers
14
N
II Assessment of Corvetto
Under Piano di Governo del Territorio (PGT), Quartiere Mazzini and part of Brenta are identified as External Historical Centres with special development regulations to preserve their character. The entire northern part of Corvetto falls under the proposal of Urban Renewal. Parts of Porto di Mare are marked for Grandi Funzioni Urbane and environmental regeneration. A number of projects of varying scale and scope are under proposal or already on-going. Some of the major projects influencing Corvetto and its people might be the proposed Polimi Residence in ALER building, the redevelopment of railway yards, EU managed projects of Reinventing Cities, Sharing Cities and OpenAgri.
26
Sharing Cities - European project funded under Smart Cities Lighthouse
Reinventing cities promoted by C40
OpenAgri project, a UIA - Urban Innovative Actions under EU
Rail yard redevelopment projects of Porta Romana
3
ACTORS, BENEFICIARIES & ANALYSIS
III Actors, Beneficiaries & Analaysis
ACTORS & STAKEHOLDERS The Actors analysis was conducted to investigate the influence that different organizations or groups have at different levels in Corvetto, having in mind the possibility of creating the occasion and place for them to interact. Nil 35 has a strong presence of local activism. Citizen organizations are the hubs for representations of different perspectives of the neighborhood. Dwellers of Corvetto, San Luigi and Corso Lodi are often organized in representative groups collaborating with each other in networks. Spontaneous groups are not rare in this context, and activist groups can be seen in many instances, such as fighting degradation, cultural engagement and landscape preservation. Traditional local organizations include Comitato di quartiere San Dionigi/Corvetto/San Luigi, Il quartiere è casa nostra Group or In.Co.Mincio, act in the direction of fighting the degrade and creating community sense, and are flanked by groups active on social networks like Corso Lodi and Corvetto/Bonomelli Social streets. Facebook seems to be the place for virtual association of the middle aged community, while the younger population is more organized on Instagram.
29
Groups of bikers and runners that in addition to sharing the athletic passion are also working as informal sentinel of the physical status of the urban fabric and their most frequented routes. In reaction to the security problems in the municipal parks like Gino Cassinis and Vettabbia, the answer is athletes exercising in a coordinated group. An interesting example of a cultural actor is the Arabian Library Cultural Center. It represents the rooting of Egyptian and other Arabic communities to the area. The immigrant community is very diverse in Corvetto,and self organization and expression of a shared voice is difficult. Places like this library are so important to be replicated. An organized community is far more effective in expressing their right to the city. The christian activism in another strong influence on daily life. Corvettoâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Italian population represents the elder component of the community, in contrast with the recent past when young Italian families, mainly form the South, were finding housing in the Mazzini district. The Parrocchias and local priests are strong resources for daily issues of the elderly population and other fragile parts of society.
Local entrepreneurship must be taken in account. Interesting is the experience of Gobbato Bakery. A traditional activity mixing a bakery, a cafe and a pastry shop has been restyled and today is a place with high social density. Public housing, both Municipal and Aler owned, has an important presenceand footprint in Corvetto. An important part of the physical degradation of the urbanscape is due to the bad status of public constructed complexes. Aler and MM are both very important actors in this environment where entire sub-neighbourhoods are composed of social housing. In contrast to the stagnation of this part of Corvetto, important actors are boosting the regeneration of a large part of the neighborhood. Reviewing the urban habitat we can observe the action of institutions like the Municipality, Politecnico di Milano, or Cariplo Foundation, that are moving part of their services or projects to the heart of Corvetto. The Municipality has plans to move some government offices to a new location in Via Sile. The new development will be a catalyst for the regeneration of nearby streets.
III Actors, Beneficiaries & Analaysis
ACTORS MAPOF LOCATION
Sismondi and San Luigi social street
ACTORS
In this document we have taken in considertion 25 actors, chosen according to their importance in the social, economical and political habitat of our area of analysis. They are In this document we have taken in consideration 25 actors, chosen according mapped and divided on the basis toand their activity at the to their importance in the social, economical political habitat of our area neighborhood level (14), or at the leveltoand above (11). of analysis. They are mapped and divided on city the basis their activity at the neighbourhood level (14), or at the city level and above (11). The second classification is about their legal profile of profit or no profit organizations.
ACTORS MAP
The second classification is about their legal profile of profit or nonprofit organizations. This categorization helps analyze the different densities of actors in the territory. The investigation wastaken conducted outside the limits of nil 35, In this document we have in considertion 25 actors, considering that many external actors have started development processes chosen Corvetto. according to theirthe importance in analysis, the social, that influence Widening scope of the we econoconsidered and political habitat of our areaanofimportant analysis. They arethat actors mical involved with the agricultural landscape, resource Rail Tracks is not considered as such by the community. Weactivity considered mapped and divided onurban the basis to their theaction Builtupat the of those actors as the main drivers of urban economic and social innovation. neighborhood level (14), or at the city level and above (11). This action of mapping permits also to better comprehend the effective Super Local - non profit The second classification is disposition about their profile of concentration of local actors and their in legal the sub-neighbourhoods Local non profit that areprofit composing Corvetto. or no profit organizations.
Parrocchia Medaglia Miracolosa Scali Ferroviari Fs Bicycle Station Corso Lodi social street Sismondi and San Luigi social street
Prada Fundation Covivio-Symbiosis
In.Co.Mincio
Scali Ferroviari Fs
Casa Accoglienza Enzo Jannacci Parrocchia Medaglia Miracolosa Il quartiere è casa nostra Group
PoliMi student housing PuntoComFsCariplo F. Scali Ferroviari
Milano Ristorazione
Mercato Comunale
Covivio-Symbiosis
Gobbato Bakery
Open-AgriIn.Co.Mincio Casa Accoglienza Enzo Jannacci
Super Local - profit The aim was also to identify actors who can collaborate in networks. Cascinett
Local - profit
Corvetto social street
Bicycle Station Parrocchia S. Rita Corso Lodi social street
Italian/Egiptian Cultural Center Prada Fundation Arabian Library
Scali Ferroviari Fs Comitato di quartiere San Dionigi/Corvetto
PuntoCom Cariplo F.
Milano Ristorazione
Il quartiere è casa nostra Group
PoliMi student housing
Rail Tracks Builtup
Corvetto social street Italian/Egiptian Cultural Center Arabian Library
Ass.Parrocchia Cascine Milanesi S. Rita
Super Local - non profit
Comitato di quartiere San Dionigi/Corvetto
Super Local - profit
30
Gobbato Bakery
Open-Agri
Local - non profit
Local - profit
Italia Nostra
Mercato Comunale
Cascinett
Terzo PaesaggioItalia Association Nostra
Ass. Cascine Milanesi
0
0.25
0.5
1 Kilometers
N
III Actors, Beneficiaries & Analaysis
ACTORS & STAKEHOLDERS Cariplo Foundation has recently opened new activity in the Municipal Market. The first Community Point of the LaCittàintorno project, called Made in Corvetto, is occupying one of the free spots of Piazza Ferrara Market. Is an important intervention in the direction to fight the degrading phase of the Market and the piazza itself. Zooming out, if we look also at the borders of Nil 35, and observe relevant regeneration processes that interest not only urban areas. The international real estate company Covivio is developing the new smart district, called Symbiosis Business District. The company, has bought a total of 125,000 square metres starting from Prada Foundation and going down in direction of the Milano Ristorazione building. The first high tech building was completed in 2018 and host the Fastweb Italy headquarter. Between the complex and the Foundation a nice public square was constructed with Covivio private investment.
31
The next building under construction will be the ICS International School. Before 2029 the whole project will be completed, creating the new smart working district of Milan. Prada Foundation was inaugurated on 2015, and the effects on the neighborhood are already observable. Two railyards of FS are proposed sites of urban regeneration too, with the Scalo of Porta Romana that will be the hosting part of the 2026 Olympic village. Later the complexes will host student housing. The Scali Project in the vision of the company and the Municipality will have an important role in housing crisis of Milan and long term sustainability. Other actors have their activities also in agricultural fields next to the city border. They are trying to develop new opportunities using one of the main resources of the city, rediscovered after the 2015 Expo. The agri-food thematic has an important weight where Milan meets the countryside.
Open-Agri an EU funded project, is a good example. It is one of the Urban Innovative Action’s pilot projects. The programme is funding many risky and super innovative projects around the EU, that wouldn’t be founded by traditional credit channels. The strong connection with the agricultural world is represented by the presence of associations for the protection and development of this resource, examples being Cascinett and Terzo Paesaggio. To further investigate the patterns of networks among actors and their density in this peripheral territory, we mapped their locations and connections according to their different levels and legal profiles.
City or supra level
Prada Fundation Municipality of Milan
Politecnico of Milan
Italia Nostra
Covivio-Symbiosis
Scali Ferroviari Fs
Cariplo Fundation
Aler-Milano
Halfwayhouse Enzo Jannacci CasciNet
Open-Agri
Ass. Cascine Milanesi
Corvetto Scalo Romana Chiaravalle
Bicycle Station
Neighborhoods Punta La Luna Library In.co.Mincio
Neighborhood level
Comitato di quartiere San Dionigi/Corvetto
Corso Lodi social street
Il quartiere è casa nostra Group
Parrocchia S. Rita
Italian/Egiptian Cultural Center Arabian Library
Sismondi and San Luigi social street Gobbato Bakery Corvetto social street
Mercato Comunale
Parrocchia Medaglia Miracolosa
Institutional / no profit
Private / profit
Understanding the Neighborhood III IActors, Beneficiaries & Analaysis
UNHEARD VOICE OF VOICES COMMUNITY CULTURE CULTURE
COMMUNITY COMMUNITY
ENVIRONMENT ENVIROMENT
The inauguration day of Lacittaintorno, the walls were covered with insults to Sala, the mayor of Milan, and Fondazione Cariplo... It was clearly the expression of the fear, from some of the inhabitants, that with projects like this Corvetto would become just another gentrified neighborhood. - Young Urbanist working for Cariplo Foundation Corvetto has a strong identity and history of the neighborhood that cannot and must not be erased or replaced. Young Urbanist working for Cariplo Foundation
I thought it was something from the past, that was an “agitated zone”, but around where I live, there are constructing a lot of new buildings, so things are kind of “calming down -Nicolàs, International Student Resident
3314
In a framework of participation, you need group representatives. Marginalized communities do not have formal representation needed in order to participate - Professor Cognetti De Martiis
Nicolàs, International Student in the Politecnico di Milano. He has lived in the area for 7 months.
The park gives a perception of abandonment, the vegetation is not adequate, it doesn’t seem they take care of it. -Nicolàs, International Student Resident
The Parco Gino Cassinis is absolutely not accessible for the public neither for the police. Comitato di Quartiere Corvetto (Quartiere Corvetto Commissioner)
III Actors, Beneficiaries & Analaysis
VOICES OF THE COMMUNITY Understanding internal neighborhood perspectives using several avenues:
â&#x20AC;&#x153;Planning is too important to be left to Plannersâ&#x20AC;? - Giancarlo De Carlo
Public Surveys
How to get Participation during COVID-19: 1. Explain why community involvment is important 2. Social Media Outreach: a. Instagram #Corvetto b. Facebook SocialStreets Groups 3. Ask Nice and Make it Easy
Existing Planning Documentation and Interviews with Professionals
34
III Actors, Beneficiaries & Analaysis
PARTICIPATORY PLANNING
REACHING OUTplanning TO COMMUNITY IN THE TIME OF Participatory in the time of COVID 19COVID-19 Participatory Planning is essential in planning a contemporary and diverse neighborhood. We performed three online surveys to understand Corvettos dwellers. Survey 1 had the most participants, while Survey 3 had the most nationalities and age range.
24 QUESTIONS 97 PARTICIPANTS
4 QUESTIONS 35 PARTICIPANTS
Age Groups 44% 30% 16% 6% 4%
41-65 31-40 21-30 65+ 20 or less
Nationality 95% 5%
35
20 QUESTIONS 83 PARTICIPANTS
Age Groups 50% 37% 11% 2% 0%
41-65 31-40 21-30 65+ 20 or less
Nationality ITALIAN OTHER
100% ITALIAN
Age Groups 49% 37% 11% 2% 0%
41-65 31-40 21-30 65+ 20 or less
Nationality 3% ASIAN 5% SOUTH AMERICAN 2% EU NON-ITALIAN 89% ITALIAN 1% CENTRAL AMERICAN
III Actors, Beneficiaries & Analaysis
PARTICIPATORY PLANNING CORVETTO PLANNING PARTICIPATION MULTI-PHASE PUBLIC SURVERYS SURVEY 1 :
Steer strategic issues based on participant emphasis FORMULATION OF QUESTIONS Open-Ended when possible to promote unrestricted responses Please provide your e-mail to be involved in the Corvetto planning proccess. Your opinon ENTER EMAIL matters!
# of Mentions
Favorite things about Corvetto - 76 Answers Services Convenience Mobilty & Location Less Pollution & Green Areas Liveliness, the People
“Corvetto is a mobility pin!” “Some sharing options (bikes, scooters etc) are out of the area here. Is absurd”
55% interested in Urban Agriculture
WHAT AREA DO YOU CONSIDER CORVETTO?
65 ideas to change Corvetto “More green spaces, more beauty. It is truly sad and gray” “Normalize public housing situation, making them worthy accommodation”
33% never go to Parco Vettabia
TOP COMMUNITY VISIONS
Dislike about Corvetto - 78 Answers Crime & Insecurity 20x Commercial& Leisure Scarcity 16x 26x Physical Degradation 5x Green Scarcity 12x Public Space Scarcity
# of Mentions
More vivid understanding of locality viewpoint
SURVEY 3: 36
Resident Definiton and Visions For Corvetto
45 Comments on Mobilty
AFFIRM or REFUTE preliminary SWOT analysis
19x 6x 24x 8x 19x
SURVEY 2:
SAFTEY WELL-CONNECTED IMPROVED PUBLIC HOUSING MAINTENANCE MORE TREES MULTI-CULTURAL DYNAMIC MANY PUBLIC SPACES BIKE AND PEDESTRIAN FRIENDLY Present design intervention and policy proposals for feedback
III Actors, Beneficiaries & Analaysis
STREETSCAPE & COMMUNITY The large size of nil 35 made it difficult to define what should be considered the Corvetto neighbourhood. Therefore, it was essential to ask the residents directly what their perception of the size of the Corvetto was. Following this direct indication from our statistical sample, we mapped the spatial information obtained in the survey. Some questions were intended to obtain localized information, but interestingly, in less spatially direct questions, recurring themes could also be identified. For example, the results on the perception of safety was informative, as we asked the inhabitants if there were places or areas where they had a feeling of insecurity. We did not specify if safety related to physical situations linked to roadways and pedestrian crossings, or perceptions of personal safety. From the answers we found that most of the reports are concentrated on perception of safety, primarily in the area of the Mazzini district. The data results were exploited to create a heatmap to identify the spaces with higher levels of insecurity sense. The same polarization occurs with regard to reports of physical deterioration of buildings and common or public spaces. Open questions regarding what dwellers would like to preserve from Corvetto’s past revealed information about the most important landmarks in the mental maps of residents.
37
Piazzale Bonomelli Piazzale Bonomelli
glio laioO OVgi Via Via M
io
Via
Via
n esi oinl lePs PVoia
la aro nig Pa
Via
la ro iga
Via
o en ntec cequ uCein q inei i Cd deVia
Via Bo
Bo nc om pa om gn pa i gn i
nc
Ca va lca va via lca ra via rac ccord co rdo o Au to Au tos stra da tra de da lS de ol lS ole e
Ca
E AL LZEZ ZPAIA RARA Via Mompiani Z PIAZZALE PIA RFAERRA Via Mompiani PIAZZALE GABRIELE ROSA R FE GABRIELE ROSA n Pa
na
en
av a
Streets in need of intervention
i
Via
PIAZZA ANGILBERTO II PIAZZA ANGILBERTO II
na
i
e
io
R nn i Via ave onig R i i Via S. D onig i Via S. D Via
Piazzas in need of intervention
Mi nc
he
na
PIAZZALE PIAZZALE CORVETTO CORVETTO
ne sario
e rion essa Via B
Are there particular roads or areas that need the help of urban planning? And provide any other information about Corvetto that could be useful to a city planner?
Via inc
ng
he
to
Via F Viaabio Fa Ma bio ss Maimo ss im o
Ortles Viale es rtl Viale O
Lo
ng
C Co orso rso Lo Lo di di
es Via B
Reports legend
Via Lo
Viale Lucania Viale Lucania
Via
Via P omp osa Via P omp osa
SURVEY LOCALIZING ANALYSIS SURVEY RESULTS MAP
Fast mobility and car-centric streets Gino Cassinis Park Gino Cassinis Park Porto di Mare Porto di Mare
What would you like to save in Corvetto? And What are your favorite things about living in Corvetto ? Community Landmarks
Concentration of reports of sense of insecurity Vettabbia Park Vettabbia Park
Mazzini / highest concentration of reports about the degraded status of buildings and common areas
Local parks and public gardens
The Cavalcavia
Buildings
Municipal parks
0
33 38
0
250 250
500 500 Metres Metres
N
N
III Actors, Beneficiaries & Analaysis
LOCALIZING SURVEY RESULTS
“I like hanging
out with my
friends at local bar at via Oglio. The street remains so active at night...” Student residing in Corvetto
“North of Corvetto is residential with public spaces for kids,
schools and administrative offices with a middle class population” Professor Cognetti De Martiis
That area is really deteriorated ... you can find waste from construction materials everywhere and there is insecurity
on streets. - Student residing in Corvetto
“Via Omera is an important street but just as corridor for cars. The new tree line is good, but I
would’t prefer to go on a walk there. “ - Sarah Piotto, Resident at
MIG Housing
39
III Actors, Beneficiaries & Analaysis
ANALYSIS OF VOICES HEARD The preliminary SWOT analysis created by researching existing planning documentation was checked against public feedback in Survey 1 and 2.
STRENGTH - GOOD CONNECTIVTY ✔ “Corvetto is a mobility pin!”
STRENGTH - Well Distributed Public Services ✔ “Yes absolutely, it's the lucky part of the neighborhood”
✔ “Efficient and well connected to go anywhere” ✖
“Some sharing options (motorbikes, scooters etc) are out of the area here. Is absurd”
STRENGTH - Strong Community Organizations are really important, creating community sense and working for the ✔ “They neighborhood”
✔ “Italia Nostra is really important for the recovery of green spaces between
✔ “There is a little bit of everything except ... restaurants, bars, nice cafes, clothes shops”
WEAKNESS - Need for better public realm ✔ “There are not enough public places that allow a widespread sociality” ✔ “From an aesthetic point of view it is ugly ugly ugly” ✔ “I don't feel safe due to the lack of cycle paths.” WEAKNESS - Poor Maintained Public Housing
Vettabbia Park and Rogoredo”
✔ “Facebook social street groups works really well” OPPORTUNITY
THREAT -Increasing anti-Immigrant populism - Global checks by the police and more attention in fighting both urban and ✔ “More social degradation.” ✔ “I dont like that it is now a Multi-ethnic area”
What do you think of the Prada Foundation and the new Symbiosis District?
number of Italian shops in numerous areas, the bad attendance of ✔ “Low some bars, the poor cleaning of numerous ethnic shops” ✖ “I like the spirit of people, enhancing multiculturalism”
86% 6% 3.3% 4,7% 40
✔
“I would like the popular district (Mazzini) to be more controlled, and not to be left at the mercy of squatters and illegal groups. If houses were assigned regularly this would not happen. This happens because the houses remain empty for years”
Favorable ✔ No effect on corvetto I don’t know Not favorable
Based on the above analysis, we adjusted our SWOT to ensure what we identified aligned with the viewpoint of Corvetto’s Residents.
S.W.O.T ANALYSIS
M
SWOT
M 2
STRENGTHS 1 2 3
4 5
2
Good connectivity Milan through Public Transit Internal streets Soft mobility to the rural south
M
4 5
1
1
M
2
Well distributed Public Services New Polimi Residence expected to bring younger crowd and student culture in Corvetto Strong institutional role of local church Active and co-operative community and local actors interested in improving the quality of life Diverse urban landscape
2
2
3
M
WEAKNESSES 1 2 3
41
Poorly maintained Public Housing - Quartiere Mazzini Illegal Occupation in Quartiere Mazzini and structures along Via Fabio Massimo Isolated new residential towers along Via S. Dionigi Low land-use diversity of Quartiere Mazzini Polarization of residents on the basis of demography, ethnicity and socio-economic status Segregated housing based on income Intergenerational/cultural frictions Existing Crime and Criminal Perception Vacant and abandoned private and public properties - now a weakness but a potential opportunity Car-centric public realm Low quality public open spaces and existing fragmented open spaces Unsafe for bikes and peds on car-centric streets Lack of Commercial and Sporting areas Lack of a strong representation from marginalized groups Untapped skills of immigrants Distrust of improvement initiatives by marginalized community
3 3
0
0.25
0.5
1
N Kilometers
Through SWOT analysis, Corvettoâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s internal weaknesses and strengths were mapped at neighbourhood scale whereas external threats and opportunities were identified spanning the regional context. The internal physical and socio-cultural realities of the neighbourhood and its community are amenable factors that could be influenced and shaped through design, planning and policy intervention at neighbourhood level. The extrinsic factors like funding sources, large infrastructure and bureaucratic systems, that are beyond the scope of neighbourhood actions can only be acknowledged and kept in mind while formulating the neighbourhood plan and its policy framework
M
M M
M M
M
M
M M
SWOT
M
OPPORTUNITIES Water bodies in need of regeneration and integration with city scale network - Project Naviglio and ReLambro
M
k
k
Rural Gateway - Corvetto connecting Milanâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s urban to rural Proximity to Rural Landscape Presence of underused rural heritage - Cascinas and Farmlands
k k
New surrounding developments like PRADA and Symbiosis City to catalyse interest in area
M
k
Interest and value acknowledgement of the area by Municipality on PGT and from Local, Regional, International Actors : Cariplo Foundation Milano Tree Initiative OpenAgri Italia Nostra Terzo Paesaggio Scali Regeneration Parco Vettabia Org
THREATS
k
k
k
k
Heavy through traffic along Corso Lodi and Autostrada del Sole without bikes and peds infrastructure Lack of institutional support and funding from ALER and MM to ensure maintenance of Public Housings Risk of displacement due to gentrification of surrounding areas Increasing anti-Immigrant populism - Global Interests of neighborhood may be different than municipality
0
0.25
1.5
3
N Kilometers
4
STRATEGIC ISSUES & CONCEPT
A NEIGHBORHOOD OF DIVERSITY
DIVERSE LANDSCAPES
Corvetto is a neighborhood of rich landscapes, plural demography and socio-cultural diversity.
TO CITY CENTRE
DIVERSE BUILT FABRIC
DIVERSE DEMOGRAPHICS
AFFORDABLE HOUSING
URBAN-RURAL PROXIMITY RURAL HERITAGE
MULTI-ETHNIC
RICH
WELL CONNECTED
ACCESS TO SERVICES
CULTURAL HUB
It is a peculiar peripheral settlement with proximity to both the city centre and the ruralscape. It constitutes a diverse physical and natural environment with a distinct urban-rural dichotomy. Its residents and local groups come from a variety of social, economic, ethnic and cultural backgrounds. Demographically, Corvetto is one of the most plural neighbourhoods of the city, consisting of a good share of immigrant communities. These groups can be seen sharing common public spaces together with italian locals, whereas sometimes they choose to interact in closed groups for the reasons of trust, common language and culture, economic background and so on. All these diverse groups have ultimately impacted the physical and built environment of the neighbourhood as well. This can be clearly observed by the functionality of spaces and character of different parts of this neighbourhood, dividing it into further sub-units such as Quartiere Mazzini occupied by lower income households, Quartiere Grigioni by middle income households and many blocks of private apartments catering to immigrant tenants
NATURAL RESOURCES
A NEIGHBORHOOD OF DIVERSITY & DIVERGENCES The diverse elements of Corvetto are increasingly moving apart. The urban and rural parts remain disconnected and lacking interaction. The conflict within the community persists and is on the rise. Different socio-ethnic groups are found to be losing connection with each other. The new immigrant population is relatively younger, contrasting with the older Italian residents, further fueling inter-generational disagreements. The socio-economic differences have also segregated the neighborhood spatially. The economically weaker sections tend to reside in degraded popular housing units, whereas more affluent groups have separated themselves into better enclaves. This has also created patches and perceptions of unsafe areas within Corvetto where the vulnerable communities suffer the most with crimes and risks. Streets near Quartiere Mazzini and edges of farmlands are considered unsafe and avoided.
DIVERGING LANDSCAPES
DIVERGING BUILT FABRIC
SOCIAL HOUSING MANAGEMENT INCREASED CRIME RATE
ECONOMIC INEQUALITY
These emerging differences and frictions between both physical and social entities misinterpret the diversity of Corvetto. Instead of finding value in the diverse characteristic, diversity is considered a limitation for the development of this neighbourhood.
INTER-ETHNIC FRICTION
DIVERGING DEMOGRAPHICS
DEGRADING BUILDINGS
UNSAFE STREETS INACCESSIBLE RURALSCAPE
UNHEARD VOICES
IV Strategic issues & Concept
IDENTIFING ISSUES CAUSING DIVERGENCE To understand the issues of the neighbourhood, an in-depth review of existing planning resources was analysed as well as the SWOT analysis. Additionally, the sequence of public surveys provided community perspective, which was incorporated into the identified issues. Survey responses provided a good overview of what residents saw as problems in the neighbourhood. The surveys also revealed certain populations did not participate (immigrants, youth, economically disadvantaged), revealing possible exclusions or barriers to participation. Many divergent opinions were expressed, which helped frame Corvetto as an area with diverging viewpoints. As a result of the formal research and the interpretation of the public surveys, a process of narrowing and organizing information began according to different expertise and points-of-view, the relevance of identified issues was discussed. Moving from defined issues to their solutions was an important process to continually analyse whether actions would potentially solve the issues. This iterative action was repeated to verify and narrow the issues identified, and to understand the core ones.
M
M M
M
M
N 0
0.25
0.5
1
N
0
0.25
1.5
Kilometers
SCALES: NEIGHBORHOOD & REGIONAL
From understanding and organizing the raw data, a synthesized list of issues was defined in which the attention of the projects will be focused, according to what is perceived in Corvetto. The product was divided into strategic categories so issues could be defined and analytically managed. Most of the issues identified overlap and have a local and regional influence in the territory. This interlinkage among issues can be represented as a dynamic context. From this it can be identified that solutions for the issues have to be addressed simultaneously.
CATEGORIES: INFRASTRUCTURAL, SOCIO-POLITICAL, ENVIRONMENTAL 47
3
Kilometers
IV Strategic issues & Concept
3 STRATEGIC ISSUES
8
P hy s ic Urbaal degradation of n Built F abric
9
4 5
6
nd e & ly Pe s t de ree st ts rian
7
r on ag a l em en t
Ab
se n ri c en t Ur ce of ar-C C y l Actban Blomixed use o f Predominantic Realm ive F cks an ronta d Pu b l ges
ING DEGRAD
ISSUES AT NEIGHBORHOOD SCALE
48
R
ISSUES AT CITY SCALE
La
U
af fS e o i ck fr
PE
La
s
10
2
i ut tit t fo n ins or a ak pp g m We suusin o al H
9. Prevalence of inter-ethnic and inter-generational frictions 10. Under-representation of marginalized communities 11. Lack of opportunities for economic upliftment of marginalized communities
1
11
i Soc
III UNHEARD VOICES OF THE COMMUNITY
UNT AP PE D
lity of Bl Low qnuda AgricultuureGreen L al a rel ack o Infrastructure Urbaationsf well n & hip -de Ru be fin ral tw sc e ap
CA
4. Physical degradation of urban built fabric 5. Lack of safe and pedestrian friendly streets 6. Predominantly car-centric public realm 7. Absence of mixed use of urban blocks and active frontages 8. Weak institutional support for social housing management
ITY N U
APE SC AL UR
II DEGRADING URBANSCAPE
r s fo itieent ofties n u i ort ftm un pp upli comm o of ic ed ck onom aliz n c e argi m
and lity qua ssiblepaces Lownaccereen S i cG li ub ed en s P e
1. Low quality of blue-green and agricultural infrastructure 2. Lack of a well-defined relationship between Urban and Ruralscapes 3. Low quality and inaccessible public green spaces
r-ethnic and e of inte alencnter-generational v e r i P and frictions
I UNTAPPED RURALSCAPE
UNHEARD VOIC ES O Und marginer repre F TH alize sen d co tat E C mm i o n un of OM itie M
STRATEGIC ISSUES
A RB
NS
STRATEGIC ISSUES
INFRASTRUCTURAL
INFRASTRUCTURAL
UNTAPPED RURALSCAPE
SOCIO-POLITICAL
SOCIO-POLITICAL
DEGRADING URBANSCAPE
ENVIRONMENTAL
ENVIRONMENTAL
UNHEARD VOICES OF THE COMMUNITY
IV Strategic issues & Concept
SURVEY RESULTS
Are there enough trees and green spaces in Corvetto? Yes No Would you be interested in urban agriculture?
“The neighborhood is at the same time outside and inside the city. Is near Chiaravalle but also near the center and Navigli. You can move on foot and by bike to those places.” “The crossing points for the Vettabbia park are really dangerous and they are not visible for the vehicules. There are no proper sidewalks or pedestrian crossings in the via F. Massimo and the access to Porto di Mare is dangerous for pedestrians.”
UNTAPPED RURALSCAPE Identified connections at a regional scale are interrupted. The network between the rural and urban scape exists, but the composition lacks harmonization at a regional scale, and the mobility from central Milan does not adequately connect to the natural or cultivated areas of the south. Moving to the local scale of Corvetto, low quality green-blue spaces are identified, like the Vettabbia channel. Unsafe access points to places like Parco della Vettabbia and Porto di Mare and inaccessible agricultural areas limit the urban north’s interaction with this southern resource. Also, agricultural resources and rural heritage infrastructure is abandoned or underused, particularly some existing cascine.
49
On the other hand, the areas projected as green public provision support the linkage from the urban to the natural or cultivated spaces, but the relationship is not well defined. Although, there is a merging point where the elements converge, exhibiting the potential for them to meet, this place can be pointed as the core of the network. This peri-urban context creates an opportunity not only for the natural or cultivated spaces, but also to the surrounding infrastructure and the socio-economic context of the neighbourhood
IV Strategic issues & Concept
REGIONAL SCALE ISSUES
1 NILs Water Bodies & Chanels Green Public Provision Cascinas
2
Green Spaces Public Green Spaces Municipal Parks Parco Gino Cassinis Parco della Vettabbia Borgo di Chiaravalle
1 2 3
3
Parco Agricolo Sud Agricultural Priority Areas Areas Destinated for Agriculture Development Orti Urbano Gardens Linkange Merge Area
50
0
0.25
1.5
3
N Kilometers
IV Strategic issues & Concept
DEGRADING URBANSCAPE Analyzing issues at the neighborhood level, it emerged that the problems in Corvetto are tangible and connected with the infrastructural and physical dimension but are also immaterial strongly influenced by the socio-political dimension. In a dense comparative activity, preliminary thoughts were tested against the direct information from the survey and on all other relevant sources to which we had access. By classifying these strategic issues, a clear photograph of the degrading urban scenario was produced. Among the relevant issues, with a great specific weight, are physical degradation and the lack of social mixing in a relevant part of Corvetto. If most of the reports of degrade are regarding the Mazzini sub-neighbourhood, and in part, the Porto di Mare area; the lack of social mixing exists in a greater and dispersed area. Furthermore, the management of urban scape and streetscape has an important weight in the complexity of the Corvetto problems, in particular in the areas where social housing predominates over private property.
51
Many piazzas and streets, even strategic for the liveability of the habitat, are designed only as residual spaces. A regeneration plan should rethink these common spaces. The most challenged streets and piazzas, considering their safety and pedestrian friendly equipment, are pointed out in the survey. Urban vacancies are also highlighted because of their important negative influence on the perception of many spaces. These underused or completely empty buildings awaiting new functions and intended uses are an opportunity to intervene, addressing the problems connected with both the infrastructural and socio-political dimension. Lastly, the overpass, a modernist infrastructure intervention, is now seeing a decrease in importance as a main artery. The overpass is already closed at night and its future is uncertain. The overpass is both a landmark for Corvetto and one of its main issues. The demolition will be onerous and Corvettos peripherality makes it difficult to see this infrastructure as a resource of public space.
Co Cors rso o Lo Lod di i
Degrading urbanscape
2
2
PIAZZALE PIAZZALE CORVETTO CORVETTO
e ne i sin ole Poles P Via Via
Physical degradation of urban built fabric 4
4 5 ALE 5 E Z 3 PIA3Z AIARZAZAL A 6FERRP 6 RRAR
Absence of mixed use of urban blocks and active frontages PIAZZA ANGILBERTO II PIAZZA ANGILBERTO II
1
1
ce
Via
va lca Ra via r cc ac ord co o A rdo uto Au str tos ad tra a d da el de So l S le o
i de
C
ue inq
i de Via
nt
o
q Cin
c ue
to en
le
7
7 o sim
io
Ma s
Ma s io
Fa b
Fa b Via
na
en
av
Lack of a well-defined relationship between Urban and Ruralscapes
Via
R i a Via venn onig Di i Ra S. nig Via Via . Dio S Via
Predominantly car-centric Public realm
sim
o
and piazzas
Ca
PIAZZALE GABRIELE ROSA PIAZZALE GABRIELE ROSA
FE
Lack of Safe and Pedestrian friendly streets
Viale Lucania
Viale Lucania
STRATEGIC NEIGHBORHOOD ISSUESISSUES SCALE
8
8
Urban vacancy Municipal Parks Buildings
Urban vacancy Vacant commercial 1 ground floors
Polimi student residence 5 vacant groundfloor
Vacant Theatre 2
Ferrara Market free spots 6
Vacant Aler commercial 3 ground floors
Vacant Aler commercial 7 ground floors
Polo Ferrara Bar 4
33 52
Former Disco Karma
8
0
0
250 250
N 500 500 MetresMetres
N
IV Strategic issues & Concept
NEXUS
Urbanscape
OF DIVERGENCE Landuse Weak institutional support for social housing management
Absence of mixed use and active frontages
DIVERGING BUILT FABRIC
DILAPIDATED BUILT FABRIC
Public Realm Predominantly car-centric public realm
Lack of safe and pedestrian friendly streets
UNSAFE PUBLIC REALM
DEGRADING URBANSCAPE
Strategic Areas Urban Rural Community
Type of Voids Tangible Voids Intangible Voids Divergences
53
Lack of relationship between Urban and Ruralscapes Urban-Rural Disconnect Weak Governance Piazzas & Flyover
Underused Cascine
VOIDS Poor and fragmentated soft mobility
Degraded & Abandoned Structures
Low quality of blue-green and agricultural infrastructure
Low quality and inaccessible public green spaces
Exclusion
UNHEARD VOICES OF COMMUNITY
UNTAPPED RURALSCAPE
Prevalence of inter-ethnic and inter-generational friction
Type of Strategic Issues Infrastructural Socio-political Environmental
Ruralscape
Under-representation of marginalized communities
Community
DIVERGING DEMOGRAPHICS
Lack of opportunities for economic upliftment of marginalized communities
DIVERGING LANDSCAPES
IV Strategic issues & Concept
CONVERGING DIVERGENCES IN CORVETTO Strategies to mitigate multifaceted diversity conflicts in Corvetto
The strategic issues of degrading urban landscapes, untapped ruralscape and unheard voices of the community as identified previously are all interconnected through several physical and nonphysical linkages. Each category of these issues is either individually infrastructural or sociopolitical or environmental in nature or a combination of these. On analysis they were found to have cause and effect relationships that can even be cyclic with a feedback loop. These issues converge and concentrate at certain critical points that can be classified as voids. These voids can be seen as the hotspots of such issues wherein if the possible actions of intervention are targeted, can yield better results, more effectively. The voids are tangible elements such as underused and unused buildings and infrastructure. They are fragmented and degraded built forms that have led to compromised safety and security of the residents and reduced their quality of life. These voids are also intangible elements, such as poor governance and bureaucratic bottlenecks that are hindering project implementation, financial flows and overall management of the settlement.
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The exclusion of marginalized communities and rising differences in the residing social and ethnic groups are also ingrained voids that demand attention and intervention. Thus, as previously discussed, at present Corvettoâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s diversity is undergoing rapid transformations. The differences between the physical and social elements are conflicting, and widening as a result. Therefore, a plan to bring these diversities on a single platform and aim for an integrated form of development while retaining and enhancing the characteristic identities of the elements is crucial. This idea can be conceptualized as an attempt to converge the diverging landscapes, demographics and built fabric by using the voids as critical points of transformation. These voids would be the instruments to resist the diverging and conflicting forces, and function as activation points, community improvement locations, environmentally rich spaces and bridges to technical and bureaucratic gaps.
IV Strategic issues & Concept
CONVERGING DIVERGENCES IN CORVETTO Strategies to mitigate multifaceted diversity conflicts in Corvetto
Diverging Demographics
Vertical Divergence Divergences between layers 55
Intangible
Horizontal Divergence Divergences within layers
VOIDS
Diverging Built Fabric
Tangible
Diverging Landscapes
Using voids in Corvetto as points of convergence by transforming them into vibrant, interactive and productive spaces of the community and Milan
IV Strategic issues & Concept
VISION & GOALS After analyzing the physical, social and political conditions of the area and communicating with the community of Corvetto through surveys to identify their demands and aspirations, a framework was developed comprising design and policy solutions and recommendations to address the key challenges faced by Corvetto. This visionary framework attempts to set a blueprint for an integrated collaborative form of planning and management of the neighbourhood, driven by the aspired network of actors and stakeholders.
The framework consists of one mission; three overarching goals, each geared towards a different domain of the study area yet highly interlinked to one another; five strategies; and several specific actions for each strategy. Some actions are light, cheap and quick interventions that could be easily implemented within a yearâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s time frame, whereas others require introduction of new physical and policy structures, and improvements of existing ones that could take several years to complete. All actions may not be equally effective, and some will have a greater impact than others. However, it is the combination of several actions that will work to regenerate Corvetto, as not one single intervention will serve as a silver-bullet solution.
GOALS
The aim is to requalify Corvetto into a robust neighborhood with regional identity, sustained by its diverse landscapes and communities.
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Qualify Corvetto into Milanâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s gateway to ruralscape
Stimulate a vibrant and sustainable urbanscape
Uplift marginalised communities and unheard voices
5
STRATEGIES & ACTIONS
V Strategies & Actions
DEVELOPING NEIGHBORHOOD STRATEGIES ital Cap l a ci So
Urban Voi ds
Art & Culture Corvetto is a neighbourhood with powerful cultural and artistic character. There are existing activities and cultural events that promote community interaction.
Social Capital
ucture astr Infr
Art an d Cu ltu re
ing ist Ex
ge erita H ilt Bu
Financ ial S u pp or t
& ge led ow Kn
mation Infor
Lan d s ca pe
Corvetto has immense opportunities and resources for developing an effective strategy. The actions included in the Neighbourhood Plan of Corvetto are proposed as solutions targeting the identified issues. These actions use the opportunities and resources to qualify Corvetto as a robust neighbourhood with regional identity, sustained by its diverse landscapes and communities. Many of the identified issues need a complex approach, because they are not easily solved by single actions directly.
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RESOURCES AND OPPORTUNITIES IN CORVETTO
Corvetto is a neighbourhood with rich demographic and cultural diversity. The residents are interethnic and intergenerational. Creativity and strength exists in this community, and more opportunities will help them flourish.
Urban Voids The voids are tangible elements such as underused, unused, fragmented or degraded built land parcels. But also, there are intangible elements, such as poor governance and bureaucratic bottlenecks, or the exclusion of marginalized communities and rising differences in the residing social and ethnic groups.
Existing Infrastructure There are existing spaces and infrastructure that can be enhanced to reduce social fictions and divergences. Retrofitting and transforming physical spaces and infrastructure, and reimagining them as places of social convergence is essential.
Financial Support There is an opportunity to use commercial spaces for entrepreneurship Additionally, there is an opportunity to spark the interest of different actors to invest in Corvetto.
Knowledge+Information The existing social capital in Corvetto has practical and technical knowledge. Association have executed programs and activities with the community and have developed extensive research about the conditions of the neighborhood.
Landscape The landscape of Corvetto is composed of dense urban elements, extensive agricultural land, and numerous natural spaces. An extensive network of blue-green infrastructure has profound influence on the quality of the rural and natural environment which defines the peri-urban character of Corvetto.
Built Heritage The rural ecosystem holds a number of underused and abandoned cascine scattered across its span. The abbey of Chiaravalle, in the small town formed in the middle ages, maintains the historical character of the area
V Strategies & Actions
STRATEGIES FOR CONVERGING DIVERGENCES STRATEGIES FOR CONVERGING DIVERGENCES The shaping of strategies is executed as an iterative process, moving from existing issues to finding possible solutions using the available resources. It is important to continually analyse evidence to best understand whether the actions would effectively solve the identified issues.
1
Create a Sustainable, Pandemic Equipped Public Realm
A sustainable and human-focused public realm is a neighborhood requirement. More pedestrian and bike friendly spaces are necessary for a human focused public realm. Additionally, considering a post-COVID context, streets and piazzas must allow and promote social distancing. The whole city of Milan must decrease automobile usage to improve sustainability. The strategy proposes urban upliftment, which allows citizens to adopt more social integration behaviours with the help of more appealing and accessible public and natural areas. These areas will benefit the neighborhood and the rest of Milan.
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2
Promote Rural and Agricultural activities
The city of Milan is turning more to their rural resources. Due to Corvettos location, an opportunity exists to involve the community in improving the urban-rural relationship. This strategy aims to requalify Corvetto’s spaces with community participation, and to rediscover the neighborhood's rural dimension, by promoting rural and agricultural activities.
3
Use Art and Culture as Tools for Self Organisation
Creative and artistics actions can transform our knowledge and understanding of the world. Corvetto is a neighbourhood with a powerful cultural and artistic background. Programs centered around the creation of local art and culture economy will stimulate participation and the construction of a vibrant urban scape. Art has the ability to change the way we all look at things.
4
Use technology as a Tool for Communication, Coordination & Activation
Technology plays a critical role in contemporary daily life. At its best, technology unites people and places, educates, inspires and provides a platform for anyone, no matter their resources, to have a voice. For the Corvetto Neighborhood Plan, technology is harnessed in the form of an interactive website, managed by the community, with aims of uniting actors, increasing community participation, and providing information that will result in a more converged and empowered Corvetto.
5
Support Social Housing Regeneration through Partnerships
In Corvetto, the Mazzini district is the most prominent and popular part of Corvetto’s Public Housing developments, and it constitutes a portion with a strong identity. Retrofitting and transforming degraded public housing, promoting mixed uses, and involving the residents in training and participation programs will all support Corvetto’s regeneration. Creating Public-Private partnerships can increase the flow of revenue for regeneration purposes.
V Strategies & Actions
1. SUSTAINABLE PANDEMIC EQUIPPED PUBLIC REALM Create a pandemic equipped sustainable Public Realm
PRIORITIZE PEOPLE OVER CARS
ACTIVATED PUBLIC SPHERE
ACTION-ORIENTED ITERATIVE PLANNING
The experiences from the pandemic of COVID-19 crisis has provided insights on the significance of public spaces in public health and overall quality of life. It also re-emphasized the dire need to shift the car-centric public sphere to more people-centric. Keeping in mind the future norms for COVID-like situations, need of sustainable solutions and constraints of resources in general, the following actions are proposed. Since a great public realm is a dynamic one, the action-oriented methodology of Measure-Rest-Refine the actions have been proposed in the form of pilots. This will allow active iteration and steer short term actions (pilots) into long-term projects with time.
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ACTIONS 1
A continuous bike and pedestrian network Creating a seamless network of bike infratrcuture as per the proposals under PUMS and Post-COVID Mobility Guidelines and adopting the recommended design and typologies as per site context
2
Redesigning Major Piazzali Improvement of intersection geometry for better bike and pedestrian circulation, and traffic speed calming. Installation of amenities, furniture and landscaping.
3
Activate Frontages Streets with mixed used on ground floors can be further activated and made safer by introducing new activities in vacant and underused ground floors, building parklets and improving of storefronts
4
Improve Edge Quality Streets with mono-use, residential use or compound walls with no scope for ground floor activity can be improved and made safer by reducing the opacity of compound walls, increasing street visibility and ensuring street lighting
5
Measure-Rest-Refine (Pilots) Piazze Aperte - as proposed Parklets - with seating, artwork, landscaping, shade, lighting and space for small programmes Play Streets - temporary barricading part of streets, removing parking and introduce play opportunities and tools for children and adults
6
Street amenities and furniture - improve existing and add new ones to improve the quality and usability of open public spaces
7
Parking Management Readjust parking orientation on select streets to make space for bike lanes Demarcate and strictly allocate yellow boxes for residents Smart technology in parking management Convert Corvetto into a Parking Benefit District Demand based dynamic parking charges through Parking meters for non-residents Invest parking revenues for redevelopment of same streets - test with pilot streets
8
Establishment of a local Traffic Management Committee under the proposed Corvetto Community Association responsible for planning, operation and management of mobility and transportation in the neighbourhood.
V Strategies & Actions
M M
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A continuous bike and pedestrian network Existing bike lanes Proposed bike lanes under PUMS Proposed bike lanes as per COVID Mobility Guidelines (Typology - sign only) Proposed bike lanes as per COVID Mobility Guidelines (Typology - constructed) New bike parkings near school replacing vehicular parking cen Vin Via
M M
Viale L ucania
PUBLIC REALM - ACTIONS
Pilot - Parking Benefit Streets
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Improve existing and add new street amenities and furniture Parking Management
v Ra na
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Establishment of a local Traffic Management Committee
Piazza Senzanome
M M
igi
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.D
S Via
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V Strategies & Actions
ACTION - PARKING MANAGEMENT PARKING IN CORVETTO At present, parking in Corvetto and many other parts of Milan has invaded a major portion of public spaces and is highly mismanaged. While recent housing developments have their own off-street parking, a large proportion of residential premises constructed in the last century do not have parking facilities inside them and are now dependent on-street parking around their residential streets. Although Comune di Milano provides demarcated yellow boxes for residential marking reserved for the residents with a pass, plenty of cars were found haphazardly parked during surveys. Moreover, non-residential streets in Corvetto do not have blue parking boxes (paid parking spots) or parking meters indicating that parking is not charged on the streets of Corvetto. Plenty of vehicles were also found parked on unmarked streets or even on sidewalks hindering pedestrian and bike movements. With respect to revenues from parking, the only source is the parking pass paid by domiciled persons and is a nominal amount of € 250 per year. The resident can issue a pass free of cost and park on their spot for unlimited time. Although parking is getting charged in some parts of the city, it remains almost free for most of the neighbourhoods. Land is extremely valuable and often an unaffordable commodity in Milan, and the highly subsidized cost of parking for car owning residents should be scrutinized.
CASE FOR PAID PARKING
“Cars stand immobile 95% of the time... this is the most valuable land on earth. Land is expensive for housing and free for parking. And you wonder why do we have a problem?” - Donald Shoup
Opportunity Cost of a Curb Space in Corvetto Capital and operating cost of 1 ECS in a parking lot in Milan
Alternative curb space should earn
1400€ per year
(amortization - 30 yrs, interest rate - 5.5%)
Rent of 1 curb space
20,000€
112€ per month or 4€ per day
Cost per year
1400€
Land value of 1 curb space (at 5.5% interest rate)
25,500€ 2000€ / m2
Charging for curb parking can be related to the ideas of the 19th-century reformer Henry George, who argued that land rent is the most appropriate source of government revenue. We rarely consider curb parking spaces to be ‘rented,’ but they are, albeit on a small scale and for a short duration. A parking space is the smallest parcel of land that is commonly rented, but because so much urban land is devoted to curb parking, charging the market price for it can yield substantial revenue. As explained in the estimation, a curb space used for parking holds an opportunity cost of € 20,000 or € 1400 per year and this cost is completely untapped in Corvetto. If it is decided to extract revenue from at least non-residential parking based on the market rates, a curb space only charges €4 per day to earn the rent equivalent to its opportunity cost.
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VS
V Strategies & Actions
ACTION - PARKING MANAGEMENT PARKING STRATEGY AND ACTIONS
Residential Parking Mixed Parking (Residential, Employees, Staff, Customers) Institutional Parking (Staff, Employees, Visitors) Proposed Bike Network
1 Establishment of Corvetto as a Parking Benefit District 2 Demarcate yellow parking boxes for residential parking 3 Charge non-residential parking: Impose demand based dynamic parking using Smart Parking Management System keeping 15% spaces constantly free App support to locate vacant parking to reduce Cruising Congestion 4 Use of parking revenue to develop and maintain streets in Corvetto only Assist businesses to adopt parking reforms: Residents trading parking spots with business employee during office time Straggered working hours Parking cash-out option for employees Carpooling 5 Formation of a local Parking Management Sub-Committe under the Traffic management committee of the proposed Corvetto Community Association. , Parking Management Sub-Committe, although not established under any statute can act as a precedent for sector based neighbourhood management. The committee would have a board of representatives from different actor groups who have a stake in transportation in Corvetto. These could include representatives of residents (owners and tenants), local businesses and offices, people with disabilities, schools, and other voluntary groups and advocates of soft mobility in Corvetto. The committee can also invite representatives from government at the municipality or zonal level. It would be answerable to the community of Corvetto and shall be responsible for following tasks: Development and management of Parking Mobile Application
Are you in favour of parking charges for everyone and use the revenue to improve the streets of Corvetto?
Are you in favour of parking charges only for non-residents and use the revenue to improve the streets of Corvetto?
Do you own a car?
Yes
64
Maybe
No
Collect revenue from paid parking and violations in the Parking Benefit District, and use a portion for operation and maintenance of parking equipment Allocation of remaining revenue from parking for the redevelopment and maintenance of streets and adjacent public spaces Ensure coordination between residents and staff of local businesses in case of trading of parking spots during working hours
V Strategies & Actions
ACTION - PARKING MANAGEMENT CAPITALIZING CURB SPACES - PILOT Scuola Galdus
to
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Residential Parking Mixed Parking Institutional Parking Bike Network
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Vi n en
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Pilot - Parking Benefit District on select commercial or non-residential streets Residential yellow boxes and demonstartion of investment on pilot streets Steer public opinion Expansion of Parking Benefit District across Corvetto
65
a
PHASING
Scuola Primaria Fabio Filzi
The idea to charge for parking and use the revenue for street redevelopment attracted lots of scepticism and even resistance from the residents in the Phase 3 survey. Under such situations of scepticism from actors, pilot projects are helpful in steering public opinion and also revise them from feedback to ultimately improve and expand the larger proposal. One such pilot project is implementation of Parking Benefit District Framework on the select streets of Corvetto. These streets are non-residential and have public and semi-public landuse abbuting them. Project Description: Curb length available for parallel parking - 820 m Approximate number of parking spaces - 135 ECS
Dynamic Parking charges adjusted to recover €116/ ECS/ month or €15,660/ month - Over €13,000 /month revenue generation at 85% occupancy rate considering 21 average working days per month
V Strategies & Actions
PROJECT - PIAZALLE CORVETTO
Pizzale Corvetto is one of the few major intersections of the neighbourhood. Named after the neighbourhood itself, this piazzale can be characterized as a critical node which typically helps the movement of the local and regional traffic through its four main arms namely Viale Lucania, Corso Lodi, Viale Enrico Martini and Via Carlo Marochetti, and its two minor arms namely Via Polesine and Via Francesco Martinengo; all linking Porta Romana, Rogoredo, Mercato Ferrara and Calvairate. It is also a crucial public space for the community with its large pedestrian area around the prominent landmarks of Istituto Di Sc.Element e Media and UPIM. Another peculier element is the overpass, Raccordo Autostrada del Sole constructed in the 1960s. Today, its future is a highly contentious topic for both the city and Corvetto. Over the period of last century, Pizzale Corvetto has undergone tremendous transformation from an expansive junction to a project of car-centric Modern infrastructure, and is now slowly embracing the principles of contemporary public space with its compact carriageway and the new single line of a bike track. This piazzale still holds a great potential to be a much exciting urban space for people and not just a traffic node.
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About Piazzale Corvetto
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Arrogance of Space Mapping Pizzale Corvetto in 1964
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V Strategies & Actions
Existing
BEFORE Viale Lucania
AFTER
Co r
so
Lo d
lS de da stra uto oA ord Racc
Via
Fra nc es co M
ar
tin en go
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Vehicular Movement Bike Movement
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Scope for Improvement
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Pedestrian Space Road Space Overpass Green Space Trees Car Parking Bike Parking Bus Stops Metro Stations Piazza Aperta
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Viale Enrico Martini
Bike Lane
et
ti
Presently, Pizzale Corvetto prioritizes cars and their parking way more over movement of people and bikes. This can be observed in the above scheme that only a single dedicated lane is provided for bikes and navigating the piazza for pedestrians and bikers is challenging as well as cumbersome. This movement of flow can be improved to a great extent by introducing new bike lanes and establishing new links that would prioritize efficient and fast navigation of people and bikes over cars. All the major streets also contain on-street parking catering to the demand from local businesses and residents. This parking cannot be removed as there is no alternate space for off-street parking. But these parking lanes could be used as a separator between bike lanes and moving vehicular traffic. Additionally the traffic island beneath the overpass is a vast space with degraded quality of ground surface and is highly underused.
V Strategies & Actions
Proposed Viale Lucania
Overpass remains open for traffic only during daytime Pilot â&#x20AC;&#x153;Overpass Take Overâ&#x20AC;? during weekends Space beneath remains for charged parking (installation of parking meters)
Co r
so
Lo d
Demolition No changes
What future do you want for the overpass?
Used on weekends for special public events Permanently transformed into suspended multi-purpose public space
i
tin en go
Curb Extension
Fra nc es co M
ar
New Traffic Signal
Via
Landscaping using local flora Vertical greening of Overpass Pillars Street Furniture
Approved by 90% of survey sample
Pedestrian Path Proposed Bike Lane
Proposed Marked Bike Lane ine
s
le Po Via
New Traffic Signal Via
Ca rl
oM
Intact Parking aro
ch
et
ti
Viale Enrico Martini
Piazza Aperta
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Parking with Permeable Pavement
Piazzale Corvetto Redesign Based on the traffic flow analysis, assessment of road geometry, and feedback from residents through surveys, new design interventions are proposed on Pizzale Corvetto. The project includes actions based on the strategy of achieving a sustainable public realm. A new network of bike lanes keeping the proposals from PUMS and post-COVID Mobility Manual in consideration has been drawn to ensure a seamless flow for bikers. Tactical redesign of pedestrian area as per the guidelines of Piazze Aperte is also proposed to promote more public activities at the intersection. New landscape design with a dedicated space for only soft modes of movement is introduced on the island beneath the Overpass. Regarding the future use of the Overpass, the responses from the survey were mixed but inclined towards transforming it from a mode of regional traffic corridor to a public space for local community. The estimated cost to demolish it was also comparatively high. Therefore, a middle ground decision to use the Overpass as flexible public space, and barricade vehicles on weekends and holidays has been adopted. It must be observed that if the traffic flow remains undisturbed even when the Overpass is shut, it could be eventually made permanently converted into a corridor of natural elements and public activities.
V Strategies & Actions
2. PROMOTE RURAL & AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITES Rural and agriculture activities have become one vital function of the city. There are projects in the city that support peri-urban agriculture, strengthening policies to protect the land and to make new functional areas available for providing services for citizens. There is a great opportunity to make the open spaces more attractive, by creating, cycling and walking paths and improving the access to these areas. To enhance the peri-urban dimension, it is necessary to restore and protect the existing natural or cultivated areas near Corvetto. It is also important not to forget the potential of the agricultural structure and activities, so functions like local consumption and involvement of the community in shared neighbourhood rural -urban activities should be integrated. Likewise, the knowledge of inhabitants can be exchanged creating opportunities for social convergence, widespread training, and multiplication of neighbourhood skills.
Actors The actions are developed parallel for each of the stages; and are aiming to link existing spaces in Corvetto, through their functions, with the community and actors, for promoting the rural and agricultural activities.
Funtions
69
Spaces
MAIN ACTIONS
1
Improve the quality of existing rural open spaces
2
Adaptive reuse of unused and underused cascine for employment and production and establish them in the rural network
3
Improve accessibility and connectivity to strategic rural locations
4
Support agricultural research and environmental waste management inclusive programs and promote new joint programs
V Strategies & Actions
TAPPING RURAL - ACTIONS
M M M M
Improve the quality of existing rural open spaces: Enhance vegetation in central area of Porto di Mare M M
Community farming at Agricultural Priority Areas Educational farms - Community farming at Agricultural Priority Areas in Proto di Mare
Open Agri
Integration of Parco Gino Cassinis with adjacent new projects M M
Adaptive reuse of unused and underused cascine for employment and production and establish them in the rural network Reuse of abandoned Karma Disco and surrounding area for nature-based art and culture Project Piazzale Nosedo
a Vi
Collaboration of new activities in Cascina San Nazzaro and Casottello with those in Cascina Nosedo
S.
Transform Piazza Senzanome as a node connecting rural with urban
igi
on
Di
Porto di Mare
tt Ve
Improve accessibilty and connections to startegic rural locations
bia ab
Improve the main access to Vettabbia waterfront and Porto di Mare with soft mobility Improve rural navigation and connections Strengthening the network of rural actors and programmes Support agricultural research and skill development inclusive programs (Open agri) and promote new programs Chiaravalle
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Support environmental and waste management inclusive programs and promote new programs
V Strategies & Actions
PIAZZALE NOSEDO The project involves developing and re-designing of Piazzale Nodeso (previously called Senza Nome) and its surrounding areas. The idea is to develop this junction as the melting points of activities between the Urban and Rural sectors of Corvetto thus transforming it into a gateway to Rural. Design elements include Green houses promoting research, Community farms, art installations, landscaping elements and several other as identified below.
Via Omero
Urban park at entry to ITSOS
Via Ravenna Via San Dionigi
ITSOS Alber Steiner
Via Fabio Massimo
Adaptive re-use of Cascina as Heritage Museum
Decontamination + Community Farms
E2
Zero distance markets
Re-naturalisation zone
Development of cycle track along Vettabia Art installations zone Outdoor cafe
De-contamination + Landscaping along Vettabia
Agricultural land
E1
Landscaping + Art installations at Piazza Convergence
Agriculture research/workshops zone
E3 Community Farms
Community space + Open air display
Adaptive re-use of Cascina Nosedo for cultural + Skill development programs
Agricultural land
E4
Open air displays along cycle track
Via San Dionigi
Cycle track leading to Chiaravalle
Agricultural land
Via San Dionigi
Porta Di Mare
Cycle track leading to Chiaravalle E
Entry points to site Bike and pedestrian path
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NETWORK OF URBAN-RURAL ACTORS Food Policy Strategies
Start-up Companies
• Ensure healthy food and water for all citizens • Promote the sustainability of the FUTURE FOOD food system INSTITUTE Trust (FFI) • Promote food education • Fighting against food waste • Support scientific research in agrifood sectors
Camera di Commercio, Industria, Agricoltura e Artigianato
Istituto Formazione Operatori Aziendali
• Local cultural activities • Farming activities • Community Networking • Landmark system understanding • New territorial narratives • Encourage the development of skills and competences
Cascinet Sunugali Senegal
Mare culturale urbano Mercato Comunale Gobbato Bakery
Halfwayhouse Enzo Jannacci
Arabian Library
Avanzi - Think Thank
Fondazione Parco Tecnologico Padano La Strada
Peri-urban Activities
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Italian/Egiptian Cultural Center
Cineca Research
Casa per la pace
• Experimentation innovative practices • Agriculture as the new frontier of urban innovation • Territorial resignification process • The peri-urban agriculture relationship • The upgrading site of Cascine • Landscape reconstruction processes
Associazione Cascine Milanesi
Il quartiere è casa nostra Group
Terzo Paesaggio
Environmental Actions
ImpattoZero AbbracciaMi
Social Street
Nocetum Piano Terra Comitato di quartiere
Website Promotion Existing connections Proposed connections
Umanitaria
In.co.Mincio
Italia Nostra
• Waste removal and hazardous waste relocation • New trees plantation and unstable trees removal • Initiatives to actively involve citizens in the life of the park and its transformation • Knowledge of the area on fauna and botanical resources.
V Strategies & Actions
3. USE ART AND CULTURE AS TOOLS FOR SELF ORGANISATION ACTIONS Corvetto posseses abundant opportunities and resources that can be taken advantage of for the strengthening of its Socio-economic core. The idea is to create a system of self organisation by making use of these resources for partial self sustenance of the neighborhood.
1
Strengthen “Chain of Art and Culture Economy”
1’
Utilize technology for neighborhood communication, coordination and Activation
2
Curate “Converging Divergences” Art and Culture Festival
3
Realise Pilot projects in “Urban Voids”
BOTTOM UP APPROACH FOR STRENGTHENING OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC CORE In the absence of institutional support, a bottom up approach can be adopted in Corvetto by creating a collaboration between its Human resource, culture, built heritage, Urban gaps/ voids, rich landscape, local actors and a variety of existing programs. Human resource + Culture
+
Built heritage + Urban voids + Landscape
+
Local actors + Technical support + Existing programs
The strategy built to achieve the above stated strengthening of the Socio Econic core includes four main actions to be executed in a phased manner. Corevetto’s existing potential to develop into an “Art and Culture district of Milan” is taken advantage of and a “Chain of Art and Culture Economy” is curated for the strengthening of its core. Creation and introduction of such a system is expected to increase the exposure of the community of Corvetto to the world of work of prominant artists and illustrators. A link is created between the community and the culture of street art.The system gives the local community a central role in the process of redevelopment of the neighborhood. They are also given the opportunity to fully enter the world of Art, develop their skills and thus their economic status. Taking advantage of the strong network of actors created, the project accomodates and empowers a segment of the population who are otherwise excluded from these forms of urban engagements.
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V Strategies & Actions
1. STRENGTHEN CHAIN OF ART AND CULTURE ECONOMY
CHAIN OF ACTORS+STAKEHOLDERS
The idea is to create a network of collaborations between human resource of Corvetto and various identified actors/stakeholders who can help realise the strategy of creating an “Art and Culture Economy”. A proposed Community Hub acts as an organiser and coordinator of programs at the local level and helps ease frictions between the human resource and high level actors.
SUB-LOCAL Residents of Corvetto
+
SUB-LOCAL Community Hub
+
- Human resource ITSOS Albe Steiner - Coordinators of activities, actors & community - Organisers of skill development programs for community
The actors involved include ITSOS Albe Steiner (local level) who can help in technical skill development of the residents. While Polimi provides the required technical expertise in planning, Cariplo Foundation can help in negotiating with the institutional actors for approvals of projects. PRADA can organise for funds as part of their CSR agenda, provide industrial outreach by employing trained members of the community and also act as an ambassador of the program.
LOCAL Politecnico di Milano - Research and Planning assistant - Innovation assistant - Resource of volunteers
+
REGIONAL Cariplo Foundation (+ other potential actors)
+
- Coordinator between institutional actors and community hub - Human resource management
INTERNATIONAL PRADA Foundation - Fund organiser - Resource of artists and international collaborations - Employer of human resource
2. CURATE “CONVERGING DIVERGENCES” ART AND CULTURE FESTIVAL Once a strong network is established between the actors as stated above, an Art Festival can be curated (once a year) for extrapolating its positive impacts. An important action in the case of Corvetto is to change its image on the regional scale. The same can be done by promoting Corvetto as the “Art and Culture District of Milan”. A festival curated by PRADA can take place in various venues spread accross Corvetto in abandoned Cascine, urban voids, and spaces of special interest resulting in an “Art and Culture Trail”. Artists and creators from all over the world can be invited to create installations and paintings in parts of urbanscape and ruralscape. A festival of this scale attracts tourists from all the world and can result in a number of positive impacts on the neighborhood. Not only can the image of Corvetto change, several festival related jobs will be created that the locals can take complete advantage of. Further, skill development programs can be conducted for locals ensuring they assist the artists. Such programs meet both short and long term goals.
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INFRASTRUCTURAL GOALS - Adaptive re-use of Urban voids and cascinas - Promote Built Heritage - Improve Aesthetics of the neighborhood
SOCIO - CULTURAL GOALS Enhance exposure at city level Re-brand Corvetto as the Art and Culture district of Milan Enhance community engagement -
ECONOMIC GOALS - Skill development programs for marginalized community - Create jobs for marginalized community - Increase Tourism revenue
V Strategies & Actions
ART & CULTURE - ACTIONS k k
Strenghten a chain of collaboration amongst actors k
Curate an â&#x20AC;&#x153;Converging Divergencesâ&#x20AC;? Art and Culture Festival consisting following pilots projects: Retrofitting building facades using sustainable techniques and informative art Incorporate art and cultural activities in the adaptive re-use of vacant built structures and underused casine Overpass Take Over k
Creating Parklets Development of sports facilities Art installations at Piazza Nosedo, new Nosedo Park and Educational farms in Porto di Mare Nature-based waterfront art along Vettabbia Channel
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V Strategies & Actions
Adaptive re-use of Polimi residence for community engagement programs
Retrofitting building facades through sustainable techniques + informative art
Conv erg Diver ing gence s Promoting art installations and community gatherings at Piazzale Ferrara
Landscaping and plantation around Municipal Market
A
Improving street landscaping
E
D A I V
A G I AN P I
L RO
Retrofitting building facades through sustainable techniques + informative art Improving street lighting
Improving street amenities and creating Parklets
Placing trash barrels Improving seating furniture
The Project involves re-development of Piazzale Ferrara, its surroundings and Via Dei Panigarola. Street amenities like Parklets and street furniture like benches, trash barrels, information display boards and light poles can improve the quality of Streetscape. Art installations and informative art can be used as tools to improve quality of Urbanscape. Developing greenery around the Municipal market and adaptive re-use of abandoned polimini residence can better serve the community.
PIAZZALE FERRARA 76
Public announcements + Survey/Polling hubs Street Bollards Parklet Porous grass pavers
V Strategies & Actions
PROJECTS PART OF ART AND CULTURE TRAIL PORTO DI MARE
Project includes reclaiming and developing contaminated parts of Porta di Mare as part of PORTA DIaction MARE the redevelopment of Piazzale Nosedo. Design elements include art installations and open air art displays. Natural vegetation can be used to define outdoor space.
VIA FABIO MASSIMO
VIA FABIO MASSIMO
Via Fabio Massimo is one of the main spines connecting to Piazza Nosedo and therefore the Rural sector of Corvetto. It is also one of the streets that is in urgent need of interventions as understood from the community surveys. Project includes re-designing of urban block edges and improved street lighting for a sense of security.
Open-air art displays Green houses to support Agricultural research/workshops Community farming
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Community gathering space
Widening of pedestrian path Renaturalisation of contaminated areas in Porta di Mare
Improving street lighting Placing trash barrels
Porous building edges for better visual connectivity
V Strategies & Actions INSTIGATED/ MANAGED OFFICIALLY
3. REALISE PILOT PROJECTS IN URBAN VOIDS Some of the actions that are part of the Art and Culture festival are executed as pilot projects inorder understand the community’s response to them. The community is inolved in constructing or curating these activities thus promoting participative planning. Pilot projects are to be developed in the below stated methodology.
Project aligns with official initiatives and can adapt to feedbacks
SHORT TERM/ TEMPORARY
X
X
X
4. Development of sports facilities 5. Adaptive re-use of Polimi residence building for community engagement programs & Community Hub at Via Ossimo 6. Art installations at Piazza Nosedo, Porta di Mare and Piazza Ferrara
7. Adaptive re-use of Karma Disco and Cascinas for skill development programs
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INSTIGATED/ MANAGED BY USERS
X
2. Creating Parklets
3. Retrofitting building facades using sustainable techniques + informative art
Project has ownership amongst the users and may not align with official initiaves
FRIENDS OF FLYOVER, LIVERPOOL, UK “A highway with a pedestrian and cycle friendly promenade in the sky managed to get successful crowdfunds campaign for a feasibility study and over 200k social media interactions!”
X
YOURBAN’S FIRST MURAL, VIA DEL PORTO FLUVIALE, ROME First Mural by YOURBAN, a non profit organisation, created in the urban setup using sustainable techniques and air purifying paint
CASE STUDIES
1. Overpass reclamation program
LONG TERM/ PERMANENT
SCOPE Project has ownership amongst the users and can adapt to feedbacks
X X
X
SCOPE
ACTIONS
ACTION ORIENTED PLANNING 1. DETERMINE SCOPE AND MANAGEMENT OF ACTIONS 2. MEASURE - REFINE - TEST - Continuous user-informed evolution of programs 3. MEASURE OF SUCCESS - Measuring success of intervention through site documentation and use of technology 4. SCALE UP THE ACTION - Scaling up of actions to multiple sites based on success
Project aligns with official initiatives and has sufficient impacts
THE NIKE X PIGALLE BASKET BALL COURT, BEIJING
KOCHI-MUZIRIS BIENNALE , INDIA
“Sandwiched between two apartment buildings in paris and inhabiting a former parking lot, the pigalle duperré basketball court has become a landmark for its ever-evolving creative interventions.”
Curated art festival that takes places in a range of venues centered around Fort in heritage properties that have been preserved, repurposed, and developed for the exhibition.
* Model based on “Planning by Doing” by Gehl Studio, San Franscisco (Elaborated by authors)
Ferrara Ferrara Ferrara Piazzale Ferrara Piazzale Corvetto Corvetto
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We explored the urban area of our territory looking for locations with less friction regarding ourarea interventions. The logic of afor pilot Wehave have explored the urban territory looking We explored the urban area of of ourour territory looking for project helps test the feasibility and performance of the various locations with less friction regarding our interventions. The locations actions. with less friction regarding our interventions. The logicofofthe thepilot pilotproject project helps test feasibility logic helps to to test thethe feasibility andand performance of the various actions. Depending onofthe success or failure of these attempts, resource performance the various actions. waste is avoided, and the actions community finds most Depending on the success or failure of these attempts, Depending on the success or failure ofthe these attempts, thethe successful will be identified and replicated on the neighbourhood wasteofofresources resources avoided, those actions waste willwill bebe avoided, andand those actions thatthat scale the community finds most successful will be idientified the community finds most successful will be idientified andand replicatedononthe the neighbourhood scale. replicated neighbourhood scale.
Viale L ucania Viale L ucania
Identifing locations (Urban voids)
Localizingthe thespots spotswilh wilhwith with less Localizing less to “TEST” proposed actions frictiontototest testactions, actions,then then friction
Piazzale Piazzale Corvetto PiazzaleCorvetto
Viale Om
PilotPROJECTS Projects PILOT Pilot Projects
V Strategies & Actions
o
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Piazza Piazza Senzanome Senzanome Skills development programs Skills development programs
V Strategies & Actions
LOCALIZING STRATEGIES
M M 5
4
3
M M 2
PUBLIC REALM
k
A continuous bike and pedestrian network
1
k 7
New bike parkings near school replacing parking
M M
k
Redesign and reconstruct Piazzale Corvetto Create activate frontages
8
6
Redesign street edges Pilot - Piazze Aperte
9
k
12
10
Pilot - Create parklets (public dehors) Pilot - Play Streets Pilot - Parking Benefit Streets
11
M M
TAPPING RURAL Enhance vegetation in central area of Porto di Mare Community farming at Agricultural Priority Areas Integration of Parco Gino Cassinis with adjacent new projects
13
Adaptive reuse and collaboration of unused and underused cascine for employment and production and establish them in the rural network
14
Improve the main access to Vettabbia waterfront and Porto di Mare with soft mobility Improve rural navigation and connections Support agricultural research and skill development inclusive programs (Open agri) and promote new programs
ART AND CULTURE Curate an “Converging Divergences” Art and Culture Festival consisting following pilots projects: Retrofitting building facades using sustainable techniques and informative art Incorporate art and cultural elements and activities in the adaptive re-use of vacant built structures, underused casine and in public green spaces
15
Overpass Take Over Development of sports facilities
Voids
16
80
1
Activate Mercato Ferrara
7
Community use of new PoliMi Residence’s ground floor
Activities at dilapidated structure
13 Activities at Scuderia
2
8
Activities at Cascina Casottello
14 Activities at Cascina Carpana
3
Reuse Bar at Polo Ferrara
9
Activities at Cascina San Nazzaro
15 Activities at Cascina San
4
Activities at Teatro della XIV
10 Activities at Cascina Corte San
5
Regeneration of dilapidated structure
11 Activities at Cascina Nosedo
6
Activities at dilapidated structure
Giacomo
12 Regenration of Karma Disco
Cascina Grande
Bernardo
16 Activities at Cascina Grangia
V Strategies & Actions
4. USE TECHNOLOGY AS A TOOL FOR COMMUNICATION, COORDINATION & ACTIVATION Technology plays a critical role in contemporary daily life. At its best, technology unites people and places, educates, inspires and provides a platform for anyone, no matter their resources, to have a voice. For the Corvetto Neighborhood Plan, technology is harnessed in the form of an interactive website, managed by the community, with aims of uniting actors, increasing community participation, and providing information that will result in a more converged and empowered Corvetto
WEBSITE KEY FEATURES - COORDINATION OF LOCAL ACTORS - INFORMATION FOR RESIDENTS, STAKEHOLDERS, AND MILANO - PLATFORM FOR RESIDENT PARTICIPATION AND VOICES
While not fully manifested, https://clarkplilley.wixsite.com/convergingcorvetto was created to demonstrate the low barrier of entry to creating online content. Survey Results from the first 2 Surveys is posted here so participants of the 3rd survey could receive feedback from their previous participation
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CORVETTO COMMUNITY HUB - Technology
The Corvetto Community Hub will be centrally located in the Via Augusto Osimo Vacant Space and/or in a section of the ground floor of the new Politecnico Student Residences. This is where the website will be managed and allow website access to residents who do not use computers. Organized by a community volunteer and funded by a small fundraiser or a donation from the nearby Symbiosis Business District, the Corvetto Community Hub could offer a Website and Coding training internships to local students. This will provide education to students as well as keep the website updated and active. Websites are very affordable and easy to operate, and can have a big impact in unifying and improving the neighborhood.
M M
PROPOSED LOCATIONS OF CORVETTO COMMUNITY HUBS M M
M M
V Strategies & Actions
CORVETTO COMMUNITY WEBSITE COORDINATION OF LOCAL ACTORS The location, surroundings, built form and community of Corvetto draws a multitude of actors as macro as the EU to as micro as the @runnersofcorvetto instagram account. To address the lack of integration and transparency, and improve the symbiosis and participation, the Website’s Actors Forum brings all the actors together and provides a resource for residents to see what is happening in their neighborhood.
ACTORS FORUM
Survey 2 asks participants if they were familiar with local actors. The results show there is a low level of awareness:
12% know OPENAGRI 26% know Italia Nostra 10% know
CORVETTO ADMIN
MUNICIPALITY OF MILAN
Centro Culturale Italiano / Egiziano e Biblioteca Araba
34% know Foundazione Cariplo Comments on Local Actors in Survey 2 reveals thier value, and a need for more promotion and community involvement: “They create communities and improve the quality of neighborhood life” “There are many, but I don't know them well” “I hope they act for the good of the neighborhood”
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Foundazione CARIPLO
OPENAGRI
V Strategies & Actions
CORVETTO COMMUNITY WEBSITE INFORMATION & PLATFORM FOR VOICES The Website could increase participation by having forums to report a crime, nominate a hero, or participate in a planning discussion. Resources for marginalized communities would encourage their participation.
The Corvetto Community Website will be a great information and resource platform for residents and stakeholders. Information will work in both directions. Organizations can promote events and activities on the website for citizens to sign up for. On the other hand, the municipality and other actors can request participation using the website.
94% of Survey 3 Participants would use a website that combines all the projects in the area and online activities regarding the Corvetto district.
What services would you like to have on a Corvetto website? 81 responses Resources for the elderly, young people and immigrants A forum to participate in planning activities in the neighborhood Public forum on Milan City Council projects such as Safe Roads Stories of neighborhood heroes Information on events crowdfunding campaigns 0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
% Approval Survey 3 revealed that participation and information about events were the top features desired in a community website
83
80
V Strategies & Actions
PILOT: DIGITAL AWARENESS CAMPAIGN “FACES OF CORVETTO” An aging Italian demographic coupled with immigrants making up over 25% of the current Corvetto Population has led to multi-ethnic and multi-generational conflicts. According to a Council of Europe Policy document about Immigrant social cohesion policies, “Profiling migrant role models, giving migrants a voice, and putting a human face on migration” as well as, “Conveying migrant stories and positive images, including through online platforms” are ways to improve cohesion in a neighborhood. Additionally, a concern revealed in Survey 2 was the losing of Italian heritage in Corvetto due to the new population moving in.
Fictional Example: Local Bakery Owner brings Unity and Sweets to Corvetto since 1978!
To address this, the Corvetto Neighborhood Plan will unroll a Pilot called, “Faces of Corvetto” to showcase outstanding citizens within the neighborhood in an attempt to bring acceptance and unity to the very socially diverse Corvetto.
Using the website, participants are encouraged to nominate a Hero to be featured as a “Face of Corvetto”. Local for both submission and selected winners. Once Hero’s are identified by Members of the Corvetto Community Hub, the information can be used a number of ways. The Hero can be interviewed, photographed, their business put on promotion, ect. Actors in Strategy 3 can make murals and other art pieces showcasing these heroes. Putting a spotlight on outstanding citizens is an easy way to promote community and integration.
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Bravo, Bakery Owner, 23 people nominated you as a Corvetto Hero on ConvergingCorvetto.com See the Interview HERE A Gobbato pastry inspired Mural will be painted by local Student Artists on the store facade and Commune di Milano will host a social distance block party on Via Ravenna to celebrate! Information is on the Website!
II Analysis and Identification of Strategic issues V Strategies & Actions
5. SUPPORT SOCIAL HOUSING REGENERATION 5. SUPPORT SOCIAL HOUSING REGENERATION
STATUS OF CONTRATTO DI QUARTIEREâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S INTERVENTIONS Completed interventions
Ongoing interventions
Incomplete interventions
CURRENT CONDITION OF BUILDINGS IN MAZZINI Buildings in good condition
Buildings in normal condition
Buildings in bad condition
Buildings in a seriously compromised condition
CONTRATTO DI QUARTIERE IN MAZZINI
THE FINANCIAL CRUNCH
The neighborhood of Mazzini with its social housing is in a serious state of degradation. Above maps show the status of Contratto Di Quartiereâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s interventions and an approximate current condition of buildings within Mazzini. Degradation of built fabric can be unquestionably called the root cause of several identified problems within Corvetto. Sudden lack of funds from Aler led to the suspension of a number of re-development projects proposed by Contratto di Quartiere, both on the social and physical side. In the last ten years, various factors contributed to the interruption of the program. Hence many projects have been suspended, many changed, and several restoration projects failed to take off while several faced hurdles immediately on starting.
While some reasons behind the non-accomplishment of Contratto Di Quartiere are related to problems with management, mechanism of construction and conflicts with the neighborhood community, a large part of it can be attributed to the non availability of funds. Although it was an unexpected crisis, realization of projects becomes difficult if they were to be affected every time by such a crisis. It is high time that the focus is shifted from a top down approach (where the realization of neighborhood projects are dependent entirely on institutional funds), to a bottom up approach (where the resident community is empowered to self-support their own redevelopment projects). Although such an approach might not be able to completely resolve the wide spread financial crisis, it can surely generate considerable revenue that can prove to be a large contributor.
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II Analysis and Identification of Strategic issues V Strategies & Actions
COMBINE SOCIAL HOUSING WITH TOURISM FOR REGENERATION The proposed strategies (1, 2, 3 and 4) for neighborhood development are expected to put Corvetto on the regional and eventually on the world tourism map. The development of 2026 Olympics venue in nearby site of San Donato increases Corvetto’s potential of experiencing increased footfall of tourists and therefore more revenue. In addition to promoting Corvetto as the “Art and Culture district of Milan” and curating “Converging Divergences” art festival, revenue can also be generated through hospitality services. The revenue thus generated can act as a steady source of income for the residents and help in their self financing of social housing regeneration projects. Cultural development
The idea is to promote regeneration by providing subsidised loans to residents for the same purpose. On completion, the residents can be allowed accomodate tourists. Inorder to avoid gentrification and misuse of priviledge, the residents of social housing could be allowed to rent rooms, while residing in the property, in the ratio of 1:3 (Rental:Occupancy). The revenue thus generated can be used to repay loans while retaining about 10% for personal expenses. Skill development programs are to be provided for the residents inorder to equip them for providing tourism related services. The diagram below shows the cause and effect of such a program in relation to the strategies proposed. International events like 2021 Olympics and other Expos
Institutional development
+ Subsidised loans for social housing redevelopment
Increased footfall of tourists
Healthy housing conditions
Allow residents to rent rooms to tourists in their own houses in 1:3 ratio
Development of Rural + Art and Culture activities (Converging Divergences Festival)
Repayment of obtained loans for housing redevelopement
Steady flow of revenue for residents
Use technology as a tool
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Development of Public Realm
Development of other tourism allied services and entrepreneurship
Skill development programs for social housing residents
Infrastructural development
Generates increased employment opportunities
Socio-Economic development
Part of revenue (about 10%) used as personal income until loan repayment
CASE STUDY: CUBAN HOUSING CRISIS, HAVANA VIEJA The government of Cuba has allowed its people to rent out rooms in their own homes since 1997, commonly known in Cuba as "casas particulares," responding to the touristic demand without having to build large hotels alien to the Havana landscape. This concept combined with desperate need for housing in the country, collapsing buildings and possible local economic gain from tourism inspired Borkowicz to develop another proposal to combine social housing with tourism in Havana Vieja. The idea is to merge the two by renovating existing, partially collapsed buildings around Havana Vieja, and adding vertical extensions to fulfil Borkowicz’s plan to build with an average of 4 floors. Borkowicz proposes that residents could repay loans obtained for construction over an estimated 10 year period, while still keeping around 10% of the revenue for personal use.
V Strategies & Actions
VOICES OF THE COMMUNITY SURVEY PHASE 3 - PRESENT PLANNING PROPOSALS FOR PUBLIC REVIEW Survey 3 was created to gather feedback on the proposals and strategies formulated throughout the planning process. The extensive research performed prior to creating these proposals and strategies led to an overall approval of what was proposed. The Survey contained 20 Questions and received answers from 83 Participants. Similar means were used to find participants as the previous surveys, including Instagram Direct Messaging, Facebook Social Streets, and asking contacts in Corvetto to share the survey. Some findings are presented here. What future do you want for the overpass? 51% Transformed Permenently to a suspended park 11% Other 13% No changes 25% Demolish
93% of participants think Piazzale Corvetto should be made more bike and pedestrian friendly
How much are you willing to pay to park your car if that money is used to improve and maintain the same street you park on?
Parklets are human spaces in places where cars parked. What would you like to find in these small public areas returned to all citizens? Free libraries
16 - 19%
Plants and decoration greenery
43 - 52%
Public lounges
26 - 52%
Other I don't like this idea
87
42% Not willing at all 28% Pretty willing 7% Very Willing 5% No car but I don't support 18% No car but I do support
“Preserve free parking for residents!”
34 - 41% 10 - 12 %
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
“You rely heavily on public green! Thanks”
“Do not eliminate the parking lots, nor pay them, because it is difficult to find a place in the neighborhood and the people who live there would not tolerate it!”
V Strategies & Actions
VOICES OF THE COMMUNITY There are some unoccupied and degraded spaces in the neighborhood. If you had to think about which uses would benefit Corvetto the most, which of these activities would you prefer? Spaces for large companies Small local businesses Spaces for small offices Learning spaces Social services Demolition for new spaces Training centers for immigrants Greens
10 - 12%
82% of participants agree with Strategy 2 actions for South Corvetto
31 -37 % 13 - 16 % 29 - 35 % 27 - 33% 21 - 25% 23 - 28% 46 - 55%
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Support for our initiatives were high! (except parking) 70% support the vision statement 94% approve Vettabbia Canal Improvements 90% are in favor of public art as a main component in the transformation process of Corvetto 90% Support Facade Murals 89% Support the Art walk Itinerary
“Excellent project, thanks for trying to improve Corvetto”
“Corvetto is a multi-ethnic neighborhood where each street is like a different country with different cultures and sometimes even different rules. This is why it is important to understand who lives in every corner before doing even the smallest job. ”
94% Support a website that combines online activities 85% would vote on planning decisions on the website
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“I hope this initiative can be done because so I can finally see improved Corvetto.”
Tangible
V Strategies & Actions
le
VOIDS
CORVETTO REIMAGINED Using voids in Corvetto as points
V Strategies & Actions
CONVERGING DIVERGENCES TRAILS CONNECTING PAST and FUTURE CORVETTO . Two trails designed for the neighbourhood of the future, that speak also of the present and past of this territory
In a future scenario in which the policies proposed in this neighborhood plan are implemented, the funds necessary for the interventions were found and the actions completed, we have imagined to connect the new developments with Corvetto's past. Vertical Divergence Divergences between layers
Following the logic that accompanied our analysis and strategies, the itineraries have two scales. The first itinerary considers the human dimension of walking as a fundamental
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Using voids in Corvetto as points of convergence by transforming them into vibrant, interactive and productive spaces of the community and Milan
Tangible
VOIDS
Horizontal Divergence Divergences within layers
Diverging Demographics
means of discovering the neighborhood, its key places, historical landmarks, and the new aggregation points and cultural attractions linked to the strategy of art as a catalyst for change. The trial is about four kilometres and is designed to guide the exploration of the compact Corvetto. Vertical Divergence Divergences between layers
The second moves from the most vital places surrounding Corvetto, starting from the Prada Foundation to the Abbey of
Intangible
Diverging Built Fabric
VOIDS
Diverging Demographics
Intangible
Diverging Built Fabric Horizontal Divergence Divergences within layers
Diverging Landscapes
Tangible
Diverging Landscapes
Using voids in Corvetto as points of convergence by transforming them into vibrant, interactive and productive spaces of the community and Milan
Chiaravalle. The best way to get to the countryside will be by bicycle. Following in the footsteps of other famous routes such as the one curated by the valley of the monks (Valle dei Monaci), the proposed itinerary winds through farmhouses, old and new parks. Border areas such as the Nosedo area and Porto di Mare are transformed from problematic territories to places full of new functions.
V Strategies & Actions
1
Piazzale Ferrara
11
Art Facades
Piazzale Gabrio Rosa o
ent
Community Hub
Santa Rita Church
10
M Aut
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Meraviglie Garden
7
Piazza Nosedo
Piazza Nosedo
New Nosedo Park
6
PORTO DI MARE
ia Canal Vettabb
Diverging Landscapes
Cascina Nosedo OpenAgri Diverging Built Fabric Horizontal Divergence Divergences within layers
Diverging Demographics
Tangible
3
VOIDS
â&#x20AC;&#x153;El Cristunâ&#x20AC;?
Fabio Massimo for 10 minuts and enter in Porto di Mare, where visitors can find open air art installations periodically changing. On the new designed via Fabio Massimo is located a restored Cascina Casottel home for the Neighbourhood International Centre and the Garden of Meraviglie (8). Coming back inside the neighborhood is easy to find the regenerated Community Hub (9), a place for shopping, hanging out a partecipate to cultural events. Trespassing Viale Omero another stop of the itinerary is Via Cinquecento, that has became an open air musem, with Art on the walls of Mazzini (10) social housing complexes, narrating the history of the neighborhood. Heading back to M3, stop by new Piazzale Gabrio Rosa (11).
Intangible
2
M
e olesin Via P
Municipal Market
S.
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Upim Piazzale Corvetto
Via
Arriving in Corvetto with M3 you will find the starting point of the itinerary, The Upim in Piazzale Corvetto (1), an Historic Community landmark. Symbol of the old neighborhood, but in a new designed piazza. At 4 minuts walking, taking Via Polesine there is the New Piazzale Ferrara with the Municipal Market (2). If you continue the street for 400, taking the left going down Via S. Dionigi is possible to see another historic community landmark: El Cristun (3) (The Christ concrete statue). The Olympics games have bring new high level public sports facilities (4), are only 5 minuts walking. A Culinary stop is the Gobbato Bakery (5). The last interventions have donated also The last interventions have donated also a new piazza to the neighborhood: Piazza Nosedo, from here is possible to start the agri-releted itinerary and enter to New Nosedo Park (6). After a stop in the newest piazza of Corvetto is possible to continue throw Via
Viale L ucania
CONVERGING DIVERGENCES TRAIL (3.8km)
Using voids in Corvetto as points of convergence by transforming them into vibrant, interactive and productive spaces of the community and Milan
V Strategies & Actions
CONVERGING DIVERGENCES TRAIL (9km) Prada Foundation, hosts Fondazione Prada permanent and temporary contemporary art collections. Building restored by Rem Koolhas.
13
Heading back to the city centre Corso Lodi is the main axis for slow mobility
Corso Lodi
1
Exploring the mazzini sub-neighbourhood, many facades (12) are been painted by artist with CO2 absorbing technology Art Facades paint.
12 8 2
Noceto Park
3
7 Cascina Nosedo
10
11
s in is
The ex discoteque Karma (10) is today an hub for cultural and artistic events. Outside the structure there is an open air spot for art installations and in the same area the Adventure Park.
Re-naturalized thematic park
6
Porto di Mare new devlopment. A number of revitalized spaces give new life to the area.
Via S. Dio
Vettabbia Canal new waterfront
i
Cascina Casottel (8) is the hub if the international centre of the neighbourhood, at itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s meraviglie garden hosts art installations and community farming.
4
Vettabbia Lake
Ve tta bb ia
pa rk Diverging Landscapes
Chiaravalle Abbey
5
Cascina
Horizontal Divergence Divergences within layers
Diverging Built Fabric Grangia
Diverging Demographics
92 33
Tangible
The Chiaravalle Abbey, that gives the name to the borgo, was founded on 22 January 1135, it is one of the first examples of Gothic architecture in Italy, although maintaining some late Romanesque influences. It is a site of national relevance and is well accessible even with bikes.
The natural area next to Cascina Nosedo, headquarter of Open-agri, will be part of a re-naturalization project that will donate spaces to the community, where will for educational farming experiences (6) and open air displays (7), to spend a different time in the nature.
VOIDS
Inside of the Vettabbia Park try to stop by the Little lake and the green laws near it, a natural oasis just outside Milan traffic.
Check if your bike need a pit stop, inside the Fucine Vulcano (9) a cycle repair shop and his active cycling community are waiting.
Cascina Scuderia Grande
nig
The Vettabbia Canal was used even by Romans for transport goods, it will be enhanced by a new walkable and bikeable waterfront, with equipped points for rest.
9
Porto di Mare Gi pa n o C rk as
Intangible
Inside the restored New Noceto Park (2) zero distance markets are organized to buy 2 locally produced food, next to art installations (3).
Using voids in Corvetto as points of convergence by transforming them into vibrant, interactive and productive spaces of the community and Milan
V Strategies & Actions
PHASING OF ACTIONS
TAPPING RURAL
PUBLIC REALM
ACTIONS
93
Continuous bike and pedestrian network Redesigning Major Piazzali Piazzale Corvetto Piazzale Ferrara Piazzale Nosedo Activate Frontages Build Parklets Improve Edge Quality Piazze Aperte Street amenities and furniture Demarcate yellow parking boxes for residential parking Pilot - Parking Benefit Streets Demand based dynamic pricing for all non-residential parking Use of parking revenue to develop streets in Corvetto Formation of a Local Parking Management Committe Establishment of Corvetto as a Parking Benefit District Enhance vegetation in central area of Porto di Mare Community farming at Agricultural Priority Areas Educational farms - Community farming in Proto di Mare Integration of Parco Gino Cassinis with adjacent new projects Adaptive reuse of unused and underused cascine Reuse of abandoned Karma Disco Project Piazzale Nosedo Collaboration of new activities in Cascine Transform Piazza Senzanome Improve the main access to Vettabbia waterfront and Porto di Mare Improve rural navigation and connections Support agricultural research and skill development Support environmental and waste management inclusive programs
WITHIN 1 YEAR
1-3 YEARS
3-5 YEARS
OVER 5 YEARS
V Strategies & Actions
PHASING OF ACTIONS
TECHNOLOGY AS A TOOL
Strenghten a chain of collaboration amongst actors Curate an “Converging Divergences” Art and Culture Festival Retrofitting building facades Incorporate art and cultural activities in casine Overpass Take Over Development of sports facilities Art installations at Piazza Nosedo Nature-based waterfront art along Vettabbia Channel Development of Corvetto Community Website Pilot for digital awareness campaign Establishment of Community Hubs Establishment of Corvetto Community Association and Sub-Committees
HOUSING REGENERATION
ART & CULTURE
ACTIONS
Hospitality services by residents of Social Housing Use of revenue for housing redevelopment and maintenance
Actions with beginning and end Actions continue over time Recurring actions
94
WITHIN 1 YEAR
1-3 YEARS
3-5 YEARS
OVER 5 YEARS
6
PROJECT FEASIBILITY
VI Project feasibility
PROJECT FEASIBILITY The feasibility of the proposals was done to test the strategies and actions that the neighbourhood Plan sought to implement. The practicability of the proposal within the context of Corvetto was evaluated. Analysis was conducted on the different stages the proposals pass through, before being successful, and whether they reach the expected results.
Technical Feasibility
Additionally, through this process, knowledge on the trends get consolidated because the feasibility exercise looks at the current state of the neighbourhood. The process verifies the necessary resources, technical and financial, and whether or not the community in Corvetto will support the subsequent actions and projects. Another essential purpose of this evaluation is to focus the projects and narrow down the possibilities to the most realistic proposal.
STRATEGIC AREAS
Public Realm
Tapping Rural
Art & Culture
Technology as a Tool
Economic Feasibility
Political Feasibility
Housing Regeneration 97
VI Project feasibility Propose a concrete intended action
TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY
NO
YES NO
Technical feasibility of the strategies was done by evaluating the practicality of the specific actions and the efficiency of them to produce the expected outputs. Firstly, the details of the required supplies were evaluated, including labour, logistics and technology.
NO
Does it fits the Design Criteria?
YES
Then, the necessary elements or options for the design criteria are evaluated. A review was made to define whether the street design fits in the available dimensions, for parking the corresponding services can be used, for the Cascine if it possible to redesign the spaces or use it for different purposes, and so on for the different actions.
Can there be possible barriers or risk to develop it?
Also, possible future barriers or risks that could hinder some projects were identified. Since these aspects are temporal or have uncertainty factors, the proposal develops the concept of a constant changing situation where experimentation is possible. The implementation of certain actions with a temporal character and pilot perspective, generates the possibility of improvement and optimization with time.
The technical feasibility process provides more certainty on whether the actions and strategies are to be practicable when incorporating them into the neighbourhood. In this process, tracking the progress of actions gives a glimpse of the real execution, and how the technical components will unfold.
Is there spaces available and adequate for its development?
YES
A second step was revising the current situation, in relation to the type of infrastructure and spaces available for their execution.
The last review is meant to check whether the action or project solves the identified issues.
Is it viable to get the supplies needed?
Propose action as an Adaptable or Temporal Pilot Projects
NO NO
Does it helps solving existing issues in Corvette
YES Apply the Intended Action or Project
98
YES
YES
Has the pilot achieved the expected results?
NO
VI Project feasibility
ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY
Benefit
Cost
The economic feasibility approach was to interpret whether the strategies, actions, and policies will have the desired economic benefit for Corvetto as well as be economically feasible. Due to the complexity of this task, the analysis was divided into two main parts.
99
First, a subjective analysis of existing cases valorized that the actions are effective in generating the expected outcomes. It was essential to reduce general assumptions and focus on specific expected results. Local employment, upgrading of local skills, support for entrepreneurship, increasing the tourism economy and increasing revenue for local investors, were the expected conditions that will produce sustainable economic growth for Corvetto. Likewise, for the associations and investors supporting local interest projects, opening a new market offers profits and social approval.
Local employment
On the other hand, to evaluate the investment required for the actions and projects, a financial analysis was done. The investment resources needed for the action to be constructed in the neighbourhood was estimated. This assessment includes the initial investment and a general idea of the financing capital that will come from investors. For the pilot projects an additional margin of the price is given, since these projects are meant to have a high level of flexibility and new actions can arise during the process of their execution. Finally recognizing the necessity for maintenance of these investments, potential actions like the parking charge are evaluated with the aim of a continuous strategy.
Upgrade of local skills
Public Realm Infrastructure Upliftment
Entrepreneurship
Landscaping
Increase in tourism economy
Retrofit of degraded infrastructure
Increased in revenue for local investors
Art Facades Projects
Open a new markets Social approval
Pilot Projects Overpass Demolition
VI Project feasibility
DEVELOPMENT COSTS Materials Cost
TOTAL COST (With Salaries)
INCLUDING UNEXPECTED COST
118,594.32 €
169,998.56 €
195,498.34 €
The demolition of the Overpass is a cost that can be substituted with the implementation of activities that can also be financed with the money from local private investor mainly.
OVERPASS DEMOLITION DEVELOPMENT COSTS
The income calculated for the parking charge can cover the cost of investment in the main infrastructure that the neighbourhood need to improve the sustainable public realm. Projects such as the one proposed in Piazzale Corvetto are easily be implemented with the amount received by the parking strategy in a year.
PIAZZALE CORVETTO DEVELOPMENT COSTS SIDEWALKS NEW BIKELINES WITH ECOLOGICAL CONGLOMERATE TEMPORAL DEMARCATED BIKELINES URBAN LANDSCAPING PIAZZA APERTA (TACTICAL PAINTMENT) GREEN PARKING SENALIZATION
4,277.04 € 66,729.12 € 10,879.68 € 16,321.86 € 6,165.00 € 24,545.60 € 75.32 €
TOTAL GENERAL COST
128,993.62 €
46,037.67 € 81,155.31 € 13,342.62 € 22,178.54 € 9,171.05 € 27,783.16 € 124.64 € 199,793.00 €
The art facades can found its founding on private investor of some first projects can be founded by local associations or using the parking income.
229,761.95 €
Parking Implementation
Art Facades
Parking System Implementation Nos. Parking Charge per day Parking Charge per month Parking Charge per year Parking meter equipement Parking meter base & Instalation Parking meter replacement Parking zone delimitation Parking Senalization Total cost TOTAL Totaloperating operating expense (11%) Income per year
713 713 713 30 30 2 3568 3568
EURO unit unit unit unit unit unit m² m²
4 4 4 600 35 600 2.5 8
TOTAL COST
-18,000.00 € -1,050.00 € -1,200.00 € -8,920.00 € -28,544.00 € -90,351.36 € -148,065.36 €
2,852.00 € 68,448.00 € 821,376.00 €
892,676.00 € 744,610.64 €
100
Art Facades Implementation
TOTAL INCOME
Nos.
Organization of the call Expenditure mechanical arm rental Safety Elements Token artist Spending Building site Expense Organization & logistics Other expenses Materials TOTAL COST PER PROJECT
1 10 1 1 1 1 1 700
unit per day unit unit unit unit unit m²
EURO
TOTAL COST
1000 160 24 1000 1300 500 438.24 6.85
1,000.00 € 1,600.00 € 24.00 € 1,000.00 € 1,300.00 € 500.00 € 438.24 € 4,795.00 € 10,657.24 €
ACTORS FOR STRATEGIES
POLITICAL
Promote rural and agricultural activities
Support social housing regeneration
GENERAL INTEREST
Utilize technology for neighborhood communication, coordination and activation
Italia Nostra
2
3
4
5
MUNICIPALITY OF MILAN
1
2
3
4
5
SCUOLA DEI QUARTIERI
2
3
5
2
4
MERCATO COMUNALE
2
3
4
2
THE NAVIGLI PROJECT
2
3
4
1
4
LOCAL MANAGEMENT PARKING COMMITTEE (PROPOSED)
1
2
3
4
5
COMITATO DI QUARTIERE
1
2
3
4
5
CARIPLO FOUNDATION, C.I.Q., LA CITTA’ INTORNO
1
2
3
4
NOSEDO, CASCINET & ASS. CASCINE MILANESI
2
3
4
5
LA STRADA, CASA PER LA PACE, SUNUGALI
2
3
4
3
Use Art and Culture as pivots to curate a model of Self Organization
EXPERTS
1 2 3 4 5
Create a Sustainable Public Realm Pandemic equipped
BUREAUCRATS
The Political feasibility examines the actors and their interactions through the policy‐making process. This analysis provides insights, as well as identifies the criteria that must be met for the proposed strategies to be successful. Policymaking is a dynamic process. It is focused on improving the existing public policy or generating genuine actions to satisfy existing policies, always aiming for a social change. The first approach was identifying the actors involved in each of the proposed strategies.
SPECIAL INTEREST
POLITICAL FEASIBILITY
1
5
9
2
3
4
1
2
3
1
OPEN-AGRI
ITALIA NOSTRA
PARROCCHIA S. RITA
PRADA FOUNDATION
3
1
ALER MILANO
10
SOCIAL STREETS & IL QUARTIERE E CASA NOSTRA
IN.CO.MINCIO, MARE CULTURALE URBANO 4
5
CORVETTO COMMUNICATION HUB (PROPOSED)
SYMBIOSIS 2
3
4
POLITECNICO MILANO
POLITICAL FEASIBILITY Since the support of civil society is essential, to understand the problems and determine possible solutions, social understanding of strategies is a key element. Even though there is an existing diversity in Corvetto, the vision, goals and strategies get to align. The sequence of Public Surveys gave evidence of the actions effectiveness solving the identified issues and shaping the future of Corvetto. Giving the possibility for “unheard voices” to participate, moves the neighbourhood towards dialogue and empowers citizens in a collaborative governance culture. Finally, to verify the process, the last survey was executed to incorporate the perspective of inhabitants of Corvetto in the specific projects proposed and to identify potential opposers. Because there are strong groups of associations in Corvetto, policy actions are defined by their dominant presence. Due to the technical and practical knowledge of these associations, they can influence social acceptance, and be in a position to promote initiatives in the neighbourhood. Still they need to work on the support of the more marginal interest groups within society. It is necessary to empower some of these groups to acquire political influence, so they can pressure the outcome of certain projects. Convergent visions should use the learned experiences to build trust and create a more inclusive approach. A formal review of the existing plans and projects established that the proposed actions fit the demands of Corvetto and the framework of the Municipality of Milan, at the city and local (Municipio 4) level. The identified constraints of Corvetto’s neighbourhood plan are due to the administrative associations such as ALER, which have a limited budget and are not very interested in including participation in their efforts to fix the housing problems. The actions executed by them so far have mitigated, but not solved the issues of the social housing projects. A crucial element is to consider the opportunities of making partnerships to face the challenges in a coordinated way. To implement policies the vision must be in favour of the interests of citizens and fit the Milano 2030 agenda and the 2020 Strategic adjustment for the Covid situation. In this sense, Corvetto’s Neighborhood plan meets regulatory perspectives, and tries to consider the interests of the “unheard voices” of the community, guaranteeing that the proposals are able to reach the agenda in the context of the city of Milan.
Social Understanding Community
Assosiations
Local Investors
Government Agenda
Piano di Governo del Territorio Contratti di Quartiere Piano di Quartiere Milano Covid Strategic Adjustment
102
7
ANNEXURE
1
CASE STUDIES
VII Annexure
TOR SAPIENZA, ROME Tor Sapienza is a “Peripheral Ghetto” near Rome with an unbalanced ratio of Immigrants and natives with Urban poverty, poor housing and lack of services. Morandi Housing Complex is a central settlement with 1600 inhabitants. Re-Block – Reviving High Rise Blocks for cohesive and Green Neighborhoods was a project developed for its regeneration.
LOCATION
It was financed by URBACT and started at the end of 2012. The goal was to break the isolation of Morandi Housing. Re-Block consisted of URBACT Urban Support Group + - Technicians Local Action Plan - Co ordinated by University Tor Vergata - 23 associations and among them many NGOs The process involved 2 steps. First Step was to create an elaborative Survey and next was to promote participative process. The project failed due to lack of Administrative support.
MORANDI HOUSING COMPLEX
107
Re-Block
VII Annexure
TOR SAPIENZA, ROME
“The Great Bet”
- “The Great Bet” was a requalification experiment of the neighborhood that started from the press sector. - Requalification was based on a self organization approach using already existing resources. - The idea was to contribute positively to regeneration of the neighborhood without passing through public sphere.
- The experiment started on identification of the fact that Socio – Economic problems lie in the core of degradation of neighborhood.
- A network was setup based on the local school of Tor Sapienza and it was called “The chain of knowledge economy” in Tor Sapienza. - It was a network of interested actors that could contribute in and gain from the network (based on Formation – Work – Entrepreneurship model). - An important aspect was the use of technology (Mobile app) for participative planning.
- The idea was to initiate a Bottom-Up approach with participatory planning and involving local actors.
108
VII Annexure
KOCHI BIENNALE, INDIA Kochi Biennale Foundation is a non-profit charitable trust engaged in promoting art & culture and educational activities in India; primary amongst them the hosting of the Kochi-Muziris Biennale, an art exhibition and festival. It takes place in a range of venues centered around Fort in heritage properties that have been preserved, repurposed, and developed for the exhibition. Has great virtual presence.
BIENNALE TRAIL
EVOLUTION OF BIENNALE
IMPACT ASSESSMENT 109
VII Annexure
ROME, ITALY YOURBAN2030 HUNTING POLLUTION The project:
EUROPEâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S LARGEST GREEN MURAL
Inaugurated on 26 October 2018, this mural is made using a special eco-paint that can actually break-down atmospheric pollutants. This is possible thanks to a particular chemical process in the paint where pollutants are essentially captured and removed from the air, and purifying in a natural way. Developed by YOURBAN2030, a nonprofit organization, the mural is created by international artists Iena Cruz this project forms part of an already renowned and impressive portfolio of brilliant street art. Lenaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s artwork places strong emphasis on environmentalism. This project at Ostiense marks the start of greater public awareness about environmentalism within an urban setting. It is a truly impactful solution. Consider this quick example: a surface space of 100m2 (one hundred meter squared) painted with Airlite (air cleaner natural paint) has the same positive impact in terms of air quality than 100m2 of forest.
PARTNERSHIPS
110
VII Annexure
FRIENDS OF THE FLYOVER, LIVERPOOL, UK “OUR VISION Back at the end of 2013, 3 friends proposed the idea that the Churchill Way Flyover (2 elevated roads in Liverpool City Centre) could be transformed into a unique urban park and venue. This was in response to city proposals that these structures and the walkways beneath them would face future demolition. We felt that for less than the estimated £3-4million costs of demolition the city could have something amazing in return that added a unique public space for the city, its residents and visitors.”
111
“A highway gifted to the people, with a pedestrian and cycle friendly promenade in the sky, went viral with a successful crowdfunding campaign for a feasibility study and over 200k social media interactions!”
VII Annexure
TURIN, ITALY CO-CITY by UIA The project involves the following aspects; - addressing social exclusion and urban poverty, through public-private-community partnerships and innovative procurement. - regeneration of abandoned or underused spaces in different areas of the city. - create new jobs in the social economy sector through the creation of new enterprises The definition and the implementation of several pacts of collaboration is expected to improve the participation of residents in different parts of the city
TIMELINE March 2017: Launch event, opening of Local contact points in different neighborhoods, launch of the city call for the participation and engagement of citizens, launch of the georeferenced online platform for the project (https://cocity.firstlife.org) December 2017: identification of the abandoned or underused spaces to be focused by the collaborative regeneration process December 2018: Starting of the investment for the regeneration of the areas identified by the project February 2019: Signature and starting of pacts of collaboration - Falklab and Corso Taranto 160 – the intercultural center. February 2020: Conclusion of investments and project closure event
PARTNERSHIPS • Comune di Torino – City of Turin. • Università degli Studi di Torino - University • Fondazione Cascina Roccafranca – NGO • ANCI - Associazione Nazionale Comuni Italiani - National Association of Italian Cities
112
II Analysis and Identification of Strategic issues VII Annexure
OLD PASADENA OLD PASADENA’S RENAISSANCE THROUGH PAID PARKING Pasadena’s downtown declined between 1930 and 1980, but it has since been revived as “Old Pasadena,” one of Southern California’s most popular shopping and entertainment destinations. Dedicating parking meter revenue to finance public improvements in the area has played a major part in this revival. Pasadena devised a creative parking policy that has contributed greatly to Old Pasadena’s revival: it uses Old Pasadena’s parking meter revenue ($1.2 million in 2001) to finance additional public spending in the area. Old Pasadena had no parking meters until 1993, and curb parking was restricted only by a two-hour time limit. Customers had difficulty finding places to park because employees took up the most convenient curb spaces, and moved their cars every two hours to avoid citations. The city’s staff proposed installing meters to regulate curb parking, but the merchants and property owners opposed the idea. Only the blocks with parking meters receive the added services financed by the meter revenue. The city worked with Old Pasadena’s Business Improvement District (BID) to establish the boundaries of the Old Pasadena Parking Meter Zone (PMZ). As the area attracted more pedestrian traffic, the sidewalks needed more maintenance. This would have posed a problem when Old Pasadena relied on the city for cleaning and maintenance, but now the BID has meter money to pay for the added services. The BID has arranged for daily sweeping of the streets and sidewalks, trash collection, removal of decals from street fixtures, and steam cleaning of Colorado Boulevard’s sidewalks twice a month. Dedicating the parking meter revenue to Old Pasadena has thus created a “virtuous cycle” of continuing improvements. The meter revenue pays for public improvements, the public improvements attract more visitors who pay for curb parking, and more meter revenue is then available to pay for more public improvements.
11333
II Analysis and Identification of Strategic issues VII Annexure
PROTECTED INTERSECTION The protected intersection design with corner safety islands emerged in the Netherlands and other northern European countries as an approach to define traffic movements at the intersection of two separated bike lanes. Protected intersections use a variety of design elements to create safe, comfortable conditions for bicyclists. Some of the common elements in a protected intersection are: Corner Safety Island Forward Stop Bar Approach Taper Yield for Pedestrians Pedestrian Safety Island Setback Bicycle Crossing Bicycle Signal Optimization
Source -ttps://altaplanning.com/wp-content/uploads/Evolution-of-the-Protected-Intersection_ALTA-2015.pdf
33 114
VII Annexure
115
2
SURVEYS
VII Annexure
VOICES OF THE COMMUNITY
116
VII Annexure
VOICES OF THE COMMUNITY
117
VII Annexure
VOICES OF THE COMMUNITY
118
VII Annexure
VOICES OF THE COMMUNITY
119
VII Annexure
VOICES OF THE COMMUNITY
120
VII Annexure
VOICES OF THE COMMUNITY
121
VII Annexure
VOICES OF THE COMMUNITY
122
3
COSTING
OVER-PASS DEMOLITION ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY
1U.04 1U.04.010 1U.04.010.0010
ROAD WORKS
Milling
1U.04.010.0020
Breakdown of road superstructure in bituminous conglomerate, by mechanical means, including handling, loading and transport of rubble to landfills and / or Asphalt concrete storage. Demoli�on of roadbed, with mechanical means, including handling, loading and transporta�on of rubble a landfill and / or storage.
1U.04.010.0030.a
-on vehicular roads
1U.04.030 1U.04.030.0010
Road Barriers Removal
1U.04.040.0040
Unit
EURO
5610
m2
2.5
33.2
46.8
14,025.00 €
18,681.30 €
1683
m³
11.55
50.04
30.04
19,438.65 €
29,165.75 €
2805
m³
12.76
36.83
43.26
35,791.80 €
48,973.92 €
780
m
16.42
77.89
2.19
12,807.60 €
22,783.44 €
8
each
14.99
53.3
9.67
119.92 €
183.84 €
1100
m
18.12
57.89
8
19,932.00 €
31,470.63 €
Road Surface Demoli�ons
-on vehicular roads
1U.04.040 1U.04.040.0030
TOTAL COST
Scarifica�on for demoli�on of conglomerate road surfaces bituminous with cold milling, including machine cleaning sweeper, handling, loading and transpor�ng of waste
1U.04.010.0010.a
1U.04.010.0030
OVERPASS DEMOLITION DEVELOPMENT COSTS Employee Materials Cost Salaries % MO O. €
Granular Base
Removal of elas�c barrier of any class, including dismantling, demoli�on of bases, restora�on of seats, load handling and transport of rubble to landfill and Barriers / or a storage; protec�on and signage works. During normal hours
Furniture Removal Removal of inverted U metal arches of any size and rela�ve bases. Including loading, transporta�on, deposit of reusable artefacts, restora�on of the paving, Senalization loading and transport handling landfill and / or storage rubble; protec�ve works e signs. During normal hours Removal of barriers in iron sec�ons and their bases, both straight and curved, of any type and size. including the loading and transport of reusable products to the municipal warehouse, restora�on of the pavement, load handling and Guardrail transport of rubble to landfills and / or storage; works of protec�on and signage. During normal hours
Excava�ons, Demoli�ons, Expurgues
Demoli�on of cement mix of any type, carried out with mechanical means, including transport within the construc�on site up to a maximum distance of 5000 m Demoli�on of cement mix
Pilars
306
m³
7.24
0.02
4,051.44 €
4,344.76 €
Access Base
13.24
Demoli�on of cement mix
544
m³
7.24
0.02
7,202.56 €
7,724.03 €
Demoli�on of cement mix
Access Base
13.24
74.8
m³
13.24
7.24
0.02
990.35 €
1,062.05 €
6050
m²
0.7
32.44
4,235.00 €
5,608.83 €
118,594.32 €
169,998.56 €
Street cleaning Street cleaning
Total Cost Including Unexpected cost (15%)
Afected Area
195,498.34 €
PROJECT - PIAZZALE CORVETTO
ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY
1U.04
Unit
EURO
213
m²
10.23
37.73
33.33
2,178.99 €
213
m²
0.8
16.25
63.75
170.40 €
198.09 €
213
m²
9.05
23.65%
51.93
1,927.65 €
1,932.21 €
10 x 25
85.2
m
16.65
30.45
49.13
1,418.58 €
1,850.54 €
12 x 12
1704
m
17.39
31.8
48.3
29,632.56 €
39,055.71 €
4,277.04 €
46,037.67 €
17,922.20 €
ROAD WORKS SIDEWALKS Sidewalk subfloor made with natural mix of sand and gravel stabilized, including spreading and rolling. Subfloor screed for sidewalks made with concrete, dosage of 150 kg of cement, thickness up to 12 cm with ready-mixed concrete Asphalt mantle for pavements on concrete substrate, compliant with UNI EN 13108-6: 2016 Supply and laying creasing made with vibrocompressed concrete curbs with smooth surface. Supply and installa�on of porphyry ribs, sec�on 10x12 / 12x12 cm, including unloading and handling within the construc�on site; excava�on, founda�on and concrete abutment and adapta�ons
PIAZZALE CORVETTO DEVELOPMENT COSTS Employee Materials Cost TOTAL COST Salaries % MO O. €
Total Cost NEW BIKELINES WITH ECOLOGICAL CONGLOMERATE Sidewalk subfloor made with natural mix of sand and gravel stabilized, including spreading and rolling. Basement screed for sidewalks made with concrete, dosage of 150 kg of cement, thickness up to 12 cm with ready-mixed concrete Asphalt mantle for pavements on concrete substrate, compliant with UNI EN 13108-6: 2016 Supply and installa�on of cer�fied ecological conglomerate for the construc�on of sustainable, inorganic and environmentally friendly, free of hazard, risk and totally free of plas�c materials in any form to protect of the eco environmental system. Horizontal signage, carried out with road marking paint provided by the company, of the premixed, refrac�ve, non-slip type, in the colors foreseen by the Regula�ons implemen�ng the Code of the Road.
3,001.12 €
1272
m²
10.23
37.73
33.33
13,012.56 €
1272
m²
0.8
16.25
63.75
1,017.60 €
1,182.96 €
1272
m²
9.05
23.65%
51.93
11,511.60 €
11,538.82 €
1272
m²
26.26
16.07
56.74
33,402.72 €
38,770.54 €
1272
m²
6.12
50.82
23.53
7,784.64 €
11,740.79 €
66,729.12 €
81,155.31 €
Total Cost TEMPORAL DEMARCATED BIKELINES Asphalt mantle for pavements on concrete substrate, compliant with UNI EN 13108-6: 2016 Horizontal signage, carried out with road marking paint provided by the company, of the premixed, refrac�ve, non-slip type, in the colors foreseen by the Regula�ons implemen�ng the Code of the Road.
336
m²
26.26
16.07
56.74
8,823.36 €
10,241.27 €
336
m²
6.12
50.82
23.53
2,056.32 €
3,101.34 €
10,879.68 €
13,342.62 €
13,403.25 €
17,484.54 €
Total Cost URBAN LANDSCAPING Supply and laying creasing made with vibrocompressed concrete curbs. Including excava�on, founda�on and concrete abutment, adapta�ons, installa�on according to drawing and cleaning.
Forma�on of turf and flowery lawn, including the prepara�on of the soil.
10 x 25
805
m
16.65
16.1
100 m²
181.28
30.45
60.83
49.13
14.22
Total Cost
2,918.61 €
4,694.00 €
16,321.86 €
22,178.54 €
6,165.00 €
9,171.05 €
6,165.00 €
9,171.05 €
24,545.60 €
27,783.16 €
24,545.60 €
27,783.16 €
75.32 €
124.64 €
PIAZZA APERTA (TACTICAL PAINTMENT) Pain�ng in two stages. Including work surfaces and masonry assistance. (paint: based on siloxanes, �tanium dioxide, ultrafine aggregates and addi�ves (Eco-ac�ve photocataly�c paint) produced with Proac�ve Photocataly�c System technology, pursuant to Ministerial Decree of 01.04.2004 for external surfaces already prepared and insulated.
900
m²
6.85
48.76
31.39
Total Cost GREEN PARKING Floor with modular cells with square cells, thickness 3.75 cm, including the sand substrate laid and rolled according to the prescribed levels.
1160
m²
21.16
13.19
66.45
Total Cost SENALIZATION Installa�on of support on traffic light arm, of any shape and type. Total Cost
125
2
unit
37.66
65.48
14.63
75.32 €
124.64 €
TOTAL GENERAL COST
199,793.00 €
Including Unexpected cost (15%)
229,761.95 €
BIBLIOGRAPHY • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
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European guide for Developing and implementing a Sustainable urban mobility planh https://ec.europa.eu/transport/themes/clean-transport-urban-transport/urban-mobility/urban-mobility-actions/ sustainable-urban_en. Milan geoportal. Base Cartography. https://geoportale.comune.milano.it/sit/open-data/ Territorial Plan of Provincial Coordination (Mappe webgis del PTCP vigente) http://cittametropolitana.mi.it/pianificazione_territoriale/piano_territoriale/Mappe_PTCP_vigente.html Corvetto Chiaravalle, Conoscenza per il cambiamento. Progetto “La città intorno”. https://lacittaintorno.fondazionecariplo.it Riqualificazione di Piazzale Ferrara. https://www.gamberorosso.it/notizie/made-in-corvetto-e-la-cucina-di-quartiere-a-milano-il-mercato-come-punto-di-incontro-della-periferia/ Residenza universitaria del Politecnico di Milano. https://ricerca.repubblica.it/repubblica/archivio/repubblica/2018/02/21/facciate-color-crema-al-corvetto-tra-i-palazzi-sgangherati-di-alerMilano06.html Massimo Tadi, Carlo Andrea Biraghi, Mohammad Zadeh. Urban transition, a new Pilot Eco-district in Porto di Mare area (Milan) via IMM methodology. Corvetto, Porto di Mare, Rogoredo: cosa significa il Piano periferie per la “Porta Sud” di Milano. http://thesubmarine.it/2017/06/10/corvetto-revisited/ Carlo De Vito Chairman FS Sistemi Urbani. Redevelopment of the seven “railway areas” in downtown Milan, 2017. http://netlipse.eu/media/90219/8-carlo-de-vito-redevelopment-of-railway-areas-in-milan.pdf Andrew Stokols. 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Cognetti Francesca, Attrattività, accessibilità e temporaneità dell’abitare post-metropolitano milanese, in: Balducci Alessandro, Fedeli Valeria, Curci Francesco (a cura di), Metabolismo e Regionalizzazione dell’urbano. Esplorazioni nella regione urbana milanese, Guerini e Associati, Milano, 2017. I diversi volti del quartiere Corvetto. https://gianlucabresciablog.wordpress.com/2017/02/01/i-diversi-volti-del-quartiere-corvetto/ Il PORTO di Mare a Milano: la storia e il progetto di rilancio https://www.milanocittastato.it/featured/perche-a-milano-ce-un-porto-di-mare-la-storia-e-il-progetto-di-rilancio/ https://thesubmarine.it/2017/06/10/corvetto-revisited/ Bürklin, T., Peterek, M. (2008), Urban Building Blocks, Basel: Birkhäuse Comune di Milano (2020) Strategia di adattamento. Adaptation Strategies for Covid Phase 2. https://www.comune.milano.it/documents/20126/95930101/Milano+2020.++Strategia+di+adattamento.pdf European Commission. Guide to Cost-Benefit Analysis of Investment Projects. Economic appraisal tool for Cohesion Policy 2014-2020. https://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/sources/docgener/studies/pdf/cba_guide.pdf OPENAGRI (2018)- Urban Innovation Actions. Periurban agriculture, Milano. Fondazione Cariplo. Riaprire i Navigli a Milano. Progetto Territoriale, Milano. Comune di Milano (2020) Prezzario Regionale delle Opere Pubbliche, Milano. Comune di Milano (2019) Il Piano Quartieri - https://www.comune.milano.it/aree-tematiche/quartieri/piano-quartieri GUIDELINE 3: Empower migrants to help themselves, their families, and communities during and in the aftermath of crises - https://micicinitiative.iom.int/guidelines/guideline-3-empower-migrants-help-themselvestheir-families-and-communities-during-and Building Migrants’ Belonging through Positive Interactions - A guide for policy-makers and practitioners - https://www.coe.int/t/democracy/migration/Source/migration/EnglishMigrantBelongingWeb.pdf Scuola dei Quartiere (2020). Fondo Sociale Europeo, nell’ambito del Programma Operativo Città Metropolitane. https://www.lascuoladeiquartieri.it/2020/05/20/quartieri-in-diretta-lezione-aperta-1/ Evolution of the Protected Intersection- https://altaplanning.com/wp-content/uploads/Evolution-of-the-Protected-Intersection_ALTA-2015.pdf The High Cost of Free Parking - Shoup, Donald. (1997). The High Cost of Free Parking. Journal of Planning Education and Research. 17. 3-20. Piazza Aperte - https://www.comune.milano.it/aree-tematiche/quartieri/piano-quartieri/piazze-aperte Strade Aperte - https://www.comune.milano.it/documents/20126/992518/Strade+Aperte_IT_200430_rev.pdf/a100d04c-6b55-ae74-e0f8-b52563e07822?t=1589460655416 r
126
VII Annexure
Horizontal Divergence Divergences within layers
VOIDS
Diverging Built Fabric
Tangible
Diverging Landscapes
e
127
Using voids in Corvetto as points