Vaisala - Weather and air quality

Weather and air quality in optimizing traffic management Erik Sucksdorff Director Sales Roads, Europe

Vaisala @ Intertraffic 2022, Erik Sucksdorff

1

Weather and air quality in optimizing traffic management Vaisala – our legacy Climate change – adaptation, mitigation Solutions – sensors, systems, data Use cases – adaptation, mitigation Ecosystem – systems integration

2

19-Apr-22

Vaisala – our legacy Climate change – adaptation, mitigation

Vaisala Weather and Environment Markets segments

Meteorology

Aviation

Renewable Energy

Road and rail

2022-03-31

Smart cities

Ecosystem – systems integration

▪ Global Leader in Weather and Environmental Measurements ▪ Net Sales 437.9 M€ and 1 900+ employees.

13% of Net Sales in R&D. ▪ Full-stack offering from reliable sensors to scalable systems and powerful analytics.

Weather Instruments

Weather Systems

Radio Soundings

Weather Radars

Wind lidars

Digital solutions

Vaisala @ Intertraffic 2022, Erik Sucksdorff

Use cases – adaptation, mitigation

Maritime

Product areas

3

Solutions – sensors, systems, data

▪ Global reach annually to 150+ countries.

▪ Committed to SDGs and positive handprint.

Vaisala – our legacy Climate change – adaptation, mitigation Solutions – sensors, systems, data

A Changing World ▪ Pollution and Climate Change are now dominating the conversation ▪ We all want things to get better but they won’t on their own…

Global Warming is fundamentally changing the climate system • From 1850 to 2020, the average global temperature increased by 1.0°C. • In the last century, the global average sea level rose by 20 cm • Extreme winds, torrent precipitation…

Source: NASA, vital signs of the planet, The UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) - Fifth Assessment Report

Poor Air Quality leading to major health Issues • 9 out 10 people worldwide breath polluted air • An increase in airborne PM2.5 of 10 micrograms per cubic meter causes an average loss of life expectancy of 9–11 years Source: World Health Organization; Mikael Skou Andersen, Ecological Indicators, volume 79, (August 2017), published by Elsevier

4

2022-03-31

Vaisala @ Intertraffic 2022, Erik Sucksdorff

Use cases – adaptation, mitigation Ecosystem – systems integration

Taking Action

Adapt Learn to deal with the changing weather to minimise the impact that weather has on traffic

5

2022-03-31

Vaisala @ Intertraffic 2022, Erik Sucksdorff

Mitigate Reduce CO2 and pollutant emissions to minimize the impact traffic has on our living environment

Traffic Management and Weather Weather for Traffic Management

▪ Traffic Management applications where weather is a critical component ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ 6

19-Apr-22

Dynamic (variable) Messaging Signs Dynamic speed limits Adaptive signal control Ramp metering Travel time estimation Connected vehicle services Public transport usage and MaaS Connected vehicle services (In Vehicle)

Traffic Management A combination of measures to preserve traffic capacity and improve the security, safety and reliability of the overall transport system.

Involves ITS systems, services, projects and day-today operations that impact road network performance Source: PIARC, Charlie Wallace and Greg Speier, Traffic Management

Vaisala – our legacy Climate change – adaptation, mitigation Solutions – sensors, systems, data Use cases – adaptation, mitigation Ecosystem – systems integration

Hyper local road weather forecasts

High resolution radar and Nowcast

Boundary layer measurements

3D – wind observations

Street level Air Quality forecasts

Analytics

Mobile Road weather surface state and temperature

In-fill and Professional Grade

IoT road weather sensor

In-fill sensors

Air Quality

Multi-parameter weather

Environmental sensors

Reference Grade Present Weather Visibility

Air Temperature Humidity

Road surface state and temperature

Road Weather Stations 7

2022-03-31

Vaisala @ Intertraffic 2022, Erik Sucksdorff

Wind speed and direction

3D wind Lidar

Precipitation radar

Boundary layer

Atmospheric profiles

Road Weather Station Traffic Management Platform ▪ A road weather station is not a winter maintenance appliance. It support many critical traffic management applications ▪ Atmospherics – high winds, poor visibility ▪ Road state – slippery roads, aquaplaning ▪ Air quality – particles, NoX, O3, CO, CO2 ▪ Traffic – counting, speed, occupancy ▪ …

▪ Greater efficiency with shared investments between winter maintenance and traffic management

Real-time environmental situational awareness Reference sites strategically placed and maintained Professional Infill sites (fixed and mobile) filling the gaps

Observations sites placed within climatic or demographic domains dependent on use case 9

2022-03-31

Vaisala @ Intertraffic 2022, Erik Sucksdorff

Focus on two Hyper-local analytic layers ▪ Hyper-local Road Weather

▪ Hyper-local Air Quality

▪ Fixed roadside weather observations

▪ AQ measurements

▪ Mobile sensors, IoT and computer vision

▪ Weather observations and forecasts

▪ Topographic details

▪ Boundary/Mixing layer measurements

▪ Sky view

▪ Topographic and land use data

▪ High Resolution Numerical Weather Modelling

▪ Traffic movement ▪ Known pollution sources

10

2022-03-31

Vaisala @ Intertraffic 2022, Erik Sucksdorff

Vaisala – our legacy

Road Weather Adaptation use case – Winter Maintenance

Climate change – adaptation, mitigation Solutions – sensors, systems, data Use cases – adaptation, mitigation Ecosystem – systems integration

▪ Combining observation and forecasts to make a dynamic assessment of the condition of the road surface in terms of weather is a vital input to winter maintenance and extreme weather operations.

▪ By pre-treating road surfaces with anti-icing chemical, significantly less chemical is required to keep roads ice free than if applied after the snow or ice as formed.

▪ This has an economic benefit in keeping business going through severe weather, better use of operational resources and also of course reduces the environmental impact by optimising chemical usage

11

2022-03-31

Vaisala @ Intertraffic 2022, Erik Sucksdorff

Road Weather Adaptation use case – Micro-mobility ▪ Micro-mobility services such as bicycles or scooters are becoming increasingly popular in smart cities all over the world ▪ However, some concerns are raised regards the safety of these services, particularly in wet and icy conditions ▪ By using street by street views of road surface weather scooter operators can dynamically limit the speed and acceleration characteristics to reduce the risk of accident.

▪ This will have the effect of making this green form of travel more appealing to the citizen and city authorities

12

2022-03-31

Vaisala @ Intertraffic 2022, Erik Sucksdorff

Weather Adaptation use case – MaaS and Public Transport ▪ Modal choice is becoming more relevant as multimodal travel operations start up in the city introduced by Mobility-as-a-Service operators ▪ Understanding how peoples choices change due to the weather conditions will become increasingly vital to ensure that demand management delivers a high level of service and offers suitable modes of travel for the conditions ▪ By knowing when people are likely to change from sustainable modes to more personal polluting travel options, nudging interventions can make this reaction more limited particularly by promoting the use of Public Transport

13

2022-03-31

Vaisala @ Intertraffic 2022, Erik Sucksdorff

Road Weather Adaptation use case – Connected and Automated Vehicles

▪ Hyper local weather can be used for infotainment purposes to inform the driver of upcoming weather on their travels ▪ Weather data allows providers to choose the best route to travel and deliver more accurate time of arrival ▪ Severe weather alerts warn the driver of dangerous conditions approaching to reduce accident risk ▪ Automated driving and driver assistance are informed by conditions to help them operate at maximum potential despite the conditions ▪ Weather data can be fed into the vehicle systems to optimise autonomous driving systems

14

2022-03-31

Vaisala @ Intertraffic 2022, Erik Sucksdorff

AQ Mitigation use case – Dynamic traffic control Primary model input observations measuring both AQ and atmospheric conditions

Verification points to test model accuracy

Interpolated roadside air pollution from model

Potential intervention point

15

2022-03-31

Vaisala @ Intertraffic 2022, Erik Sucksdorff

▪ A dense network of sensing devices feed into the air quality model to give street by street estimations of actual pollution levels ▪ Traffic lights are optimised to allow traffic to flow more freely where pollution hotspots occur ▪ This will be a dynamic operation as pollution may occur in different locations under changing weather conditions.

▪ The operation can also be done direct from sensor to light sequencing locally at the start and then scale later to full city monitoring and intervention protocols

AQ Mitigation use case – Hybrid geo-fencing ▪ AQ monitoring and short term forecasting can highlight stretches of road where pollution is being created most.

▪ At these times messages can be sent to Hybrid cars in key areas to ensure where practical they run on electric only.

▪ This is a key mitigation action to reduce overall emissions when conditions are critical ▪ This example shows how the A111 running into Berlin Tegel has a large number of high emission locations for particulates ▪ Note similar can be achieved by re-directing certain types of high polluting vehicles, which can then be enforced through number plate recognition 16

2022-03-31

Vaisala @ Intertraffic 2022, Erik Sucksdorff

AQ Mitigation Use case – Targeted emission control ▪ Known polluters are added as sources to the model.

▪ Under particular conditions these can severely affect nearby population centres as in this example of petrochemical plants to the north of the centre of Nanjing – China ▪ On these days, emissions can be curtailed for the period where the pollution is likely to affect most people, whilst on other days operations can continue as normal ▪ This allows targeted interventions only when absolutely necessary and when they will have their highest impact on the citizens health.

17

2022-03-31

Vaisala @ Intertraffic 2022, Erik Sucksdorff

AQ Mitigation use case – Verifying intervention impact

▪ Setting up an Air Quality network can allow a baseline to be recorded for use in testing how effective interventions actually are in practice ▪ By carefully releasing new innovations to the city, each initiative can be judged as to how well the claims of the vendors are realised against recorded improvements to the baseline ▪ This allows investment to be targeted where it has the most effect.

18

2022-03-31

Vaisala @ Intertraffic 2022, Erik Sucksdorff

Vaisala – our legacy Climate change – adaptation, mitigation Solutions – sensors, systems, data Use cases – adaptation, mitigation

Ecosystem approach for traffic management Traffic Management

Decision support systems 3rd party hardware systems

Analytics & Forecasts

Weather & Environment

Reliable sensors

Weather & Environment

2021-09-06

Autonomous driving

Smart City Systems and Digital Platforms

Data collection Security cameras

19

Ecosystem – systems integration

Vaisala @ Hypermotion 2021, Erik Sucksdorff

Street lights

Road signs

Systems integration options Cloud-to-cloud integration With traffic management systems and intelligent infrastructure

Vaisala data logger Integration of local subsystems with traffic management systems

Vaisala sensors Direct integration of sensors with traffic management systems

20

2022-03-31

Vaisala @ Intertraffic 2022, Erik Sucksdorff

3rd party traffic management systems MaaS Journey time Speed limits Signaling TM servers Controls VMS signs

In Summary

▪ To adapt traffic to climate change and support new forms of mobility we need more and more weather data ▪ National road weather station networks are not only for winter maintenance – they are also for traffic management

Air Quality

▪ In-fill stations fill gaps on the road weather station network – especially for cities and municipalities

▪ Environmental traffic management requires a joint approach from many ecosysyem players ▪ You can integrate weather and environmental data from single sensors, weather stations or road weather models Multi-parameter weather

21

2022-03-31

Vaisala @ Intertraffic 2022, Erik Sucksdorff

Visit us at stand 05.122

Jens Dickau

22

2022-03-31

Petteri Leppänen

Vaisala @ Intertraffic 2022, Erik Sucksdorff

Elina Heed

Paavo Tuovinen

Mike Wall