Butterfly Gardening

Plant Lists for the of Douglas County, Kansas Not from Douglas County? Generate a list for your location at www.butterfliesandmoths.org

SINCE

1998

www.vinlandvalleynursery.com

785.594.2966

The Butterflies & Moths of North America (BAMONA) database includes verified sighting records for 178 species in Douglas County, KS as of January 1, 2016 hummingbird clearwing

yellow sulphur

sachem marine blue

Skippers HESPERIIDAE Silver-spotted Skipper Hoary Edge Skipper Northern Cloudywing Southern Cloudywing Confused Cloudywing Hayhurst’s Scallopwing Sleepy Duskywing Juvenal’s Duskywing Horace’s Duskywing Mottled Duskywing Wild Indigo Duskywing Columbine Duskywing Common Checkered-Skipper Common Sootywing Swarthy Skipper Least Skipper Fiery Skipper Ottoe Skipper Leonard’s Skipper Sachem Peck’s Skipper Tawny-edged Skipper Polites origenes Crossline Skipper Northern Broken-Dash Southern Broken-Dash Little Glassywing Arogos Skipper Delaware Skipper Byssus Skipper Hobomok Skipper Zabulon Skipper Dion Skipper Dun Skipper Nysa Roadside-Skipper Common Roadside-Skipper Eufala Skipper Brazilian Skipper

harnessed moth

Erebid Moths EREBIDAE Nais Tiger Moth Harnessed Moth Yellow-collared Scape Moth Yellow-headed Lichen Moth Ctenucha venosa Virginia Ctenucha Oregon Cycnia Delicate Cycnia or Dogbane Tiger Moth Salt Marsh or Acrea Moth Milkweed Tussock or Milkweed Tiger Moth Arge Tiger Moth

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Gossamer-wing Butterflies LYCAENIDAE

Whites & Sulphurs

Harvester American Copper Gray Copper Bronze Copper Juniper Hairstreak Henry’s Elfin Oak Hairstreak Coral Hairstreak Acadian Hairstreak Hickory Hairstreak Edwards’ Hairstreak Banded Hairstreak Striped Hairstreak Gray Hairstreak White-M Hairstreak Cassius Blue Marine Blue Eastern Tailed-Blue Spring Azure Summer Azure Reakirt’s Blue

Falcate Orangetip Olympia Marble Florida White Cabbage White Checkered White Clouded Sulphur Orange Sulphur Southern Dogface Cloudless Sulphur Large Orange Sulphur Lyside Sulphur Mexican Yellow Tailed Orange Little Yellow Sleepy Orange Dainty Sulphur

Brush-footed Butterflies NYMPHALIDAE

American Snout Monarch Queen Variegated Fritillary Great Spangled Fritillary Regal Fritillary Red-spotted Purple or White Admiral Red-spotted Purple Viceroy Hackberry Emperor Tawny Emperor Common Mestra Silvery Checkerspot Gorgone Checkerspot Phaon Crescent Pearl Crescent Texan Crescent Baltimore Checkerspot Common Buckeye Question Mark Eastern Comma Gray Comma Mourning Cloak Red Admiral Painted Lady American Lady Goatweed Leafwing Northern Pearly-eye Gemmed Satyr Little Wood-Satyr Common Wood-Nymph

Predesigned butterfly gardens pages 10—11

PIERIDAE

Sphinx Moths & Hawkmoths SPHINGIDAE Pink-spotted Hawkmoth Walnut Sphinx Catalpa Sphinx Hagen’s Sphinx Five-spotted Hawkmoth Carolina Sphinx Modest Sphinx Blinded Sphinx Twin-spotted Sphinx Virginia creeper Sphinx Lettered Sphinx Pandorus Sphinx Snowberry Clearwing Hummingbird Clearwing White-lined Sphinx Tersa Sphinx

Owlet Moths, Miller Moths NOCTUIDAE

luna moth

Wild Silk Moths SATURNIIDAE Luna moth Polyphemus moth Royal Walnut Moth Rosy maple moth Imperial moth Bicolored honey locust moth

Parnassians & Swallowtails PAPILIONIDAE Pipevine Swallowtail Zebra Swallowtail Black Swallowtail Tiger Swallowtail Spicebush Swallowtail Giant Swallowtail

common gluphisia

Prominents NOTODONTIDAE Common Gluphisia Small Heterocampa White-dotted Prominent Double-toothed Prominent

Corn Earworm Moth Arcigera Flower Moth Bina Flower Moth Schinia chrysella Schinia cumatilis Clouded Crimson Schinia hulstia Schinia jaguarina Lynx Flower Moth Schinia mortua Goldenrod Flower Moth Ragweed Flower Moth Bleeding Flower Moth Brown Flower Moth Schinia snowi Schinia tertia Thoreau’s Flower Moth Three-lined Flower Moth Schinia ultima Schinia volupia

Isabella tiger moth

Tiger Moth PARTHENICE Banded Tussock Moth or Pale Tiger Moth Leconte’s Haploa Great Leopard Moth Fall Webworm Moth Black-and-yellow Lichen Moth Isabella Tiger Moth or Banded Woolybear Virginian Tiger or Yellow Woolybear Moth Orange Holomelina Forage Looper Moth Grass Miner Moths Pale Gray Bird-dropping Moth

ANNUALS

caterpillar adult

bougainvillea

canna

Brazillian skipper

cabbage

checkered white salt marsh moth

canteloupe

corn

black swallowtail

giant swallowtail large orange sulphur

potato

Nysa roadside skipper

Isabella tiger moth (banded woolybear) salt marsh moth

cosmos

datura

pink-spotted hawkmoth

fuchsia

white-lined sphinx

petunia

painted lady

lantana Brazillian skipper

giant swallowtail

large orange sulphur monarch

pipevine swallowtail

snowberry clearwing

spicebush swallowtail

white M hairstreak

marigold Hayhurst’s scallopwing

Nysa raodside skipper sachem

Ocola skipper

purslane

five-spotted hawkmoth Pandorus sphinx pink-spotted hawkmoth pipevine swallowtail white-lined sphinx

five-spotted hawkmoth salt marsh moth

variegated fritillary white-lined sphinx

snapdragon

common buckeye

sweet potato

pink-spotted hawkmoth

tomato

five-spotted hawkmoth white-lined sphinx

torch tithonia swallowtails

cabbage white

orange sulphur

gray hairstreak monarch sachem

fiery skipper

zinnia swallowtails

cabbage white

sleepy orange

variegated fritillary

pearl crescent

American painted lady

silver-spotted skipper

sachem

Zabulon skipper silver-spotted

Ocola skipper skipper

pentas black swallowtail

giant swallowtail

zebra swallowtail monarch skippers sulphurs

white-lined sphinx

fuchsia

cosmos

zinnia

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PERENNIALS HERBS

swarthy skipper

caterpillar adult

dill

black swallowtail

fennel

black swallowtail

lavendar cotton

parsley

black swallowtail

common buckeye gray hairstreak Horace’s duskywing little glassywing swarthy skipper variegated fritillary

spearmint

Reakirt’s blue

pineapple sage black swallowtail

giant swallowtail

zebra swallowtail sulphur

mountain mint (PYCNANTHEMUM)

sorrel

regal fritillary

giant swallowtail

bronze copper gray copper

regal fritilary

rue pineapple sage

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caterpillar adult

yarrow (ACHILLEA)

leadplant (AMORPHA)

silver-spotted skipper

columbine (AQUILEGIA)

columbine duskywing

American copper banded hairstreak gorgone checkerspot

hawkmoth

peppermint

rue

fennel

butterfly weed American copper (ASCLEPIAS TUBEROSA) monarch black swallowtail

queen coral hairstreak

milkweed tussock moth Edward’s hairstreak

gray copper

gray hairstreak

great spangled fritillary

juniper hairstreak

little glassywing

northern cloudywing

orange sulphur

painted lady queen monarch

regal fritillary sachem

silver-spotted skipper

spicebush swallowtail

variegated fritillary

common milkweed milkweed tussock moth hickory hairstreak (ASCLEPIAS SYRIACUS) queen hoary edge skipper

monarch hobomok skipper

juniper hairstreak monarch

northern cloudywing

orange sulphur butterfly

Ottoe skipper weed

painted lady

Peck’s skipper queen

regal fritillary sachem

spicebush swallowtail

white M hairstreak

Zabulon skipper

zebra swallowtail monarch chrysalis

caterpillar adult

aster Isabella tiger mouth American snout (ASTER) (banded woolybear) checkered white

common buckeye

eastern-tailed blue

fiery skipper

Leonard’s skipper

little yellow sulphur

painted lady

pearl crescent

question mark sachem

sleepy orange viceroy Leonard’s

black swallowtail skipper

giant swallowtail

zebra swallowtail false indigo (BAPTISIA)

hoary edge skipper wild indigo duskywing

butterfly bush black swallowtail (BUDDLEIA) giant swallowtail

zebra swallowtail monarch comma

blue mist spirea Nysa raodside skipper (CARYOPTERIS)

senna (CASSIA)

tailed orange

plumbago (CERASTIGMA)

marine blue

fiery skipper

spurge (EUPHORBIA)

goatweed leafwing

meadowsweet (FILIPENDULA)

Edward’s hairstreak

dianthus (DIANTHUS)

snowberry clearwing

teasel (DIPSACUS)

Leonard’s skipper pipevine swallowtail

coneflower great spangled fritillary (ECHINACEA) monarch

Ottoe skipper

tawny-edged skipper

American copper

Joe-pye weed great spangled fritillary (EUPATORIUM) little glassywing

painted lady viceroy

Zabulon skipper

spring azure

orange hawkweed (HEIRACIUM)

sunflower gorgone checkerspot (HELIANTHUS) Isabella tiger moth

(banded wollybear)

snowberry clearwing

Ottoe skipper wild indigo duskywing

sneezeweed (HELIOPSIS)

fiery skipper gorgone checkerspot Horace’s duskywing

dame’s rocket (HESPERIS)

giant swallowtail pipevine swallowtail

blazing star Leonard’s skipper (LIATRIS)

monarch Ottoe skipper painted lady siler-spotted skipper

Turk’s cap lily (LILIUM SUPERBUM)

large orange sulphur

loosestrife (LYSIMACHIA)

tickseed common buckeye (COREOPSIS) monarch

southern dogface

variegated fritillary

caterpillar adult

gorgone checkerspot

mallow gray hairstreak (Malva sylvestris) painted lady bee balm (MONARDA)

great spangled fritillary pipevine swallowtail

prickly pear cactus (OPTUNIA HUMIFUSA)

Ottoe skipper

Phlox (PHLOX)

five-spotted hawkmoth Olympia marble pipevine swallowtail rudbeckia

yarrow

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caterpillar adult

mayapple variegated fritillary (PODOPHYLUM)

Virginia knotweed (POLYGONATUM VIRINIANA)

hardy petunia (RUELLIA)

monarch swallowtails

Texan crescent

bouncing bet (SAPONARIA)

Sedum (SEDUM)

Hayhurst’s scallopwing

black-eyed Susan (RUDBECKIA)

five-spotted hawkmoth giant swallowtail Pandorus sphinx white-lined sphinx

grape (VITEX)

hops (HUMULUS)

Ottoe skipper

goldenrod American snout (SOLIDAGO) Edward’s hairstreak

giant swallowtail mayapple

gorgone checkerspot

gray hairstreak

Horace’s duskywing

little yellow sulphur monarch

orange sulphur viceroy

white M hairstreak

Verbena (VERBENA CANADENSIS)

great spangled fritillary pipevine swallowtail southern dogface zebra swallowtail

vervain (VERBENA HASTATA)

Peck’s skipper

ironweed fiery skipper (VERNONIA) great spangled fritillary monarch

painted lady

Peck’s skipper

6

great spangled fritillary regal fritillary variegated fritillary violet

Pandorus sphinx Virginia creeper sphinx white-lined sphinx eastern comma red admiral

honeysuckle (LONICERA)

hoary edge

skipper

five-spotted hawkmoth giant swallowtail hoary edge skipper northern cloudywing spicebush swallowtail white-lined sphinx Zabulon skipper

Wisteria

Juvenal’s duskywing

moonvine (CONVOLVULUS)

pink-spotted hawkmoth white-lined sphinx

morning glory (CONVOLVULUS)

pink-spotted hawkmoth

passion vine (PASSIFLORA)

falcate orangetip

variegated fritillary morning glory

GRASSES bluegrass

hobomok skipper Peck’s skipper tawny-edged skipper Zabulon skipper

blue grama grass Leonard’s skipper bottlebrush

violet (VIOLA)

caterpillar adult

Virginia creeper Pandorus sphinx (PARTHENOCISSUS Virginia creeper sphinx QUINQUEFOLIA)

variegated fritillary

compassplant (SILPHIUM)

VINES

morthern pearly eye

little bluestem

Leonard’s skipper Ottoe skipper swarthy skipper

sandlove grass

Zabulon skipper

switchgrass

hobomok skipper northern broken dash tawny-edged skipper

Peck’s skipper

SHRUBS

caterpillar adult

American holly

Henry’s elfin

Azalea

gray comma

lilac

pipevine swallowtail althea (rose of Sharon)

blueberry

Henry’s elfin Juvenal’s duskywing

buttonbush hoary edge skipper

Horace’s duskywing

painted lady sachem

silver-spotted skipper

Zabulon skipper

New Jersey tea summer azure

spring azure

chokecherry

coral hairstreak

gooseberry

gray comma

banded hairstreak coral hairstreak Edward’s hairstreak hickory hairstreak hoary edge skipper mottled duskywing northern broken dash Peck’s skipper spring azure swarthy skipper

sleepy duskywing

large orange sulphur

lilac eastern tiger swallowtail

Juvenal’s duskywing monarch

pipevine swallowtail

snowberry clearwing

white-lined sphinx

zebra swallowtail

spicebush (LINDERA)

spicebush swallowtail

staghorn sumac luna moth

royal walnut moth

snowberry

snowberry clearwing

snowberry clearwing

blackberry

bronze copper hobonok skipper sleepy duskywing spring azure wild indigo duskywing Zabulon skipper zebra swallowtail

privet

red-spotted purple white admiral spring azure

Virginia sweetwpire (ITEA)

countless butterfly and moth species!

gooseberry

Register a Monarch Watch Waystation To make up the loss of milkweeds and nectar sources needed by monarch butterflies, Monarch Watch registers Monarch Waystations. These habitats include home gardens, schools, businesses, parks, zoos, nature centers, roadsides, rooftops, and unused plots of land in public and private right of ways to create, conserve, and protect milkweed/ monarch environments. You can help monarchs by creating a habitat at your home, school, or even patio or balcony. This international effort has already done much to bring back the monarch population from the brink, and will continue to help assure the preservation of the species and the continuation of the spectacular monarch migration phenomenon.

Join the effort. Visit www.monarchwatch.org for more about registering your site and to peruse the register of waystations. Vinland Valley Nursery has been registered since 2007, and we offer seven species/selections of Asclepias for your monarch gardening pleasure!

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TREES

pawpaw (ASIMINA)

ash (FRAXINUS)

caterpillar adult zebra swallowtail

eastern tiger swallowtail hickory hairstreak twin-spotted sphinx

birch Isabella tiger moth (banded woolybear) (BETULA) luna moth

mourning cloak

red-spotted purple

white admiral

twin-spotted sphinx

chestnut (CASTANEA)

hickory hairstreak

cottonwood eastern tiger swallowtail (POPULUS) modest sphinx

mourning cloak

red-spotted purple

white admiral viceroy

elm eastern comma (ULMUS) mourning cloak

Isabella tiger moth (banded woolybear)

question mark

tawny emporer

twin-spotted sphinx

white-lined sphinx

hackberry (CELTIS)

American snout hackberry emporer mourning cloak question mark

hickory (CARYA)

hickory hairstreak luna moth royal walnut moth walnut sphinx banded hairstreak

honeylocust (GLEDITSIA)

juniper (JUNIPERUS)

locust (ROBINIA)

8

silver-spotted skipper

juniper hairstreak

silver-spotted skipper sassafras & spicebush swallowtails

maple Isabella tiger moth (banded woolybear) (ACER) rosy maple moth

mimosa (ASIMINA)

persimmon (DIOSPYROS)

Reakirt’s blue

spicebush swallowtail

luna moth royal walnut moth

plum, cherry coral hairstreak eastern tiger swallowtail (PRUNUS) eastern tiger swallowtail Henry’s elfin

red-spotted purple Juvenal’s duskywing

white admiral white M hairstreak

twin-spotted sphinx

redbud Henry’s elfin (CERCIS)

sassafras

spicebush swallowtail

serviceberry red-spotted purple (AMELANCHIER) white admiral

sweetbay magnolia

sweet gum (NYSSA)

Henry’s elfin Juvenal’s duskywing

eastern tiger swallowtail spicebush swallowtail

luna moth royal walnut moth

tulip tree eastern tiger swallowtail (LIRIODENDRON) spicebush swallowtail

oak (QUERCUS)

banded hairstreak hickory hairstreak Horace’s duskywing Juvenal’s duskywing red-spotted purple white admiral rosy maple moth southern hairstreak white M hairstreak

walnut (JUGLANS)

banded hairstreak luna moth royal walnut moth walnut sphinx

willow eastern tiger swallowtail (SALIX) mourning cloak

twin-spotted sphinx viceroy

redbud

OTHER GOOD EATS

WEEDS

caterpillar adult

chicory

least skipper tawny-edged skipper

clover eastern tailed blue edward’s hairstreak

gray hairstreak gray copper

Isabella tiger moth gray hairstreak

northern cloudywing great spangled fritillary

orange sulphur Hayhurst’s scallopwing

Reakirt’s blue hickory hairstreak

salt marsh moth juniper hairstreak

southern dogface least skipper monarch

northern broken dash

white-lined sphinx

wild indigo duskywing

Zabulon skipper

Bermuda grass fiery skipper

gemmed satyr sachem

crab grass fiery skipper

Nysa roadside skipper sachem dandelion

Juvenal’s duskywing orange sulphur sleepy duskywing

lambsquarters Hayhurst’s scallopwing

mallow

nettle

plantain

adult rotting fruit

tree sap

eastern comma hackberry emporer mourning cloak question mark red admiral red-spotted purple white admiral tawny emporer

eastern comma goatweed leafwing gray comma hackberry emporer harvester (alder, ash, hawthorn, beech) little wood satyr ourning cloak (primarily oak) northern pearly eye (willow, poplar, birch) question mark red admiral white admiral tawny emporer harvester (witchhazel)

dung goatweed leafwing

hackberry emporer

northern pearly eye

question mark

red-spotted purple

white admiral

tawny emporer viceroy

red admiral (bird droppings)

fungi northern pearly eye viceroy

gray hairstreak painted lady

carrion hackberry emporer

northern pearly eye

question mark

red-spotted purple

white admiral

tawny emporer viceroy

red admiraml

common buckeye

aphid honeydew harvester

little wood satyr viceroy

woolly aphids, scale, treehoppers

harvester caterpillers

dandelion

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20.

15.

17.

18.

10

16.

21.

22.

23.

22.

21.

12.

13.

1 .

11.

common milkweed & monarch caterpiller

Top ten guidelines for butterfly gardening: 1) Watch butterflies in nearby areas to see which flowers they prefer.

2) Grow plants recommended for a variety of species.

3) Position plants in a sunny place, sheltered from wind.

Butterflies are choosy insects. Any gardener can have aphids, but Red Admirals, Painted Ladies, and Tiger Swallowtails insist that certain conditions be met.

Ample sunshine is the foremost consideration.

5) Try to maintain diversity in height, color and blooming periods.

Butterflies avoid shady areas. Ideally, your garden should have a southern exposure.

Butterflies use early morning for basking on sun-warmed rocks, bricks or gravel paths. As morning temperatures rise, they begin visiting their favorite nectar flowers, but always in sunlit areas of the garden.

6) Don’t use pesticides, and restrict your use of biological conrols that affect caterpillars to surgically strike trouble spots. Products like BT that are safe and effective against bagworms, for example, will also kill butterfly caterpillars.

Butterflies prefer gardens that are sheltered from prevailing winds. If yours is not, consider planting a windscreen of butterfly bush or viburnum - both shrubs which are rich in nectar. As an added bonus, many nectar plants also attract hummingbirds!

4) Grow large clumps of the most favored species.

Accept a certain amount of imperfection in your plants.

Holes in foliage indicate that insects are enjoying a healthy meal, converting the sun’s energy stored in the plants to a form useful to other members of the food web, namely those who eat the insects themselves! If an imbalance threatens the survival of a plant, research who is causing the damage and what safe method can be used to bring the situation back into balance. Eradication need not be the goal. Start with identification, then do your homework!

The basics

7) Provide a mud puddle in a sunny spot.

Mud puddles

8) Grow larval plants for butterflies that appear in your garden. Learn to recognize weeds that grow in your garden and in wild scrubby areas so you can leave them for the butterflies.

Create a shallow puddle to attract swallowtails, blues, sulfurs and other butterflies that enjoy drinking at mud puddles in order to obtain needed salts in their diet. A sprinkling of table salt and the addition of some manure will increase the puddle’s appeal. Since salt harms plants, however, use a saucer or locate the puddle outside your flower border.

9) Leave some undisturbed corners for weedy larval and nectar plants.

10) Expand your garden’s focus to include other insects, amphibians, songbirds and mammals to create a habitat for all creatures!

Garden for wildlife!

Although you might not think of common wild animals like opossums, cottontails, bluejays and robins as threatened, these animals are finding life increasingly more difficult as the areas they’ve called home make way for suburban neighborhoods and urban development. Even though these common species are not in immediate danger of becoming extinct, individuals are coming into conflict with humans with much higher frequency. Less visible but just as important are the insects, who are misunderstood, underappreciated and also in danger from habitat loss and pesticide use. Gardens that are designed sustainably with an eye toward creating balanced ecosystems are the wave of the future.

Outdated landscapes consisting of a few sharply shaved shrubs surrounded by flat green lawn are soon to be relegated to the history books as a dark ages period in landscape design.

New millenium gardens are visually dynamic and teaming with species diversity. Today’s gardener is more than just a petunia planter. Today’s gardener is a habitat manager, student of nature and conservationist!