Great Days Outdoors - December 2023 by TrendSouth Media

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YEAR LIMITED WARRANTY

5 YEAR LIMITED WARRANTY applies to qualifying purchases of Suzuki outboard motors sold and delivered to the retail purchaser, for pleasure (non-commercial) use only, from April 1, 2021 through March 31, 2022. See Suzuki Limited Warranty for additional details. Suzuki, the “S” logo, and Suzuki model and product names are Suzuki Trademarks or ®. Don’t drink and drive. Always wear a USCG-approved life jacket and read your owner’s manual. © 2021 Suzuki Marine USA, LLC. All rights reserved.

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HUNTING & FISHING IN ALABAMA & THE FLORIDA PANHANDLE

CONTENTS

Wild Oyster Mushroom Foraging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 by Becca Mahoney Crappie Jigs Demystified: The Expert’s Guide. . . . . 12 by Nick Williams Deer Rut Hunting Explained. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 by David Strickland Winter Bass Fishing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 by John E. Phillips Fly Fishing Gifts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 by Nick Williams Box Blades For Tractors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 by Joe Baya New Mexico Mule Deer Hunts – A Traveler’s Guide. . . . . 30 by Nick Williams Pond Weed Killer Options for Your Water. . . . . . . . . 34 by Joe Baya Calling In A Deer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 by Nick Williams Mud Motor Kit Building Guide. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 by Nick Williams Layering for Cold Weather. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 by Nick Williams Improving Turkey Habitat on Leased Land. . . . . . . . 50 by Joe Baya Crappie Fishing Florida . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 by Nick Williams All About the Winchester 400 Legend Rifles . . . . . . 54 by Josh Honeycutt Current Land Loan Interest Rates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 by Joe Baya

In Every Issue

4 December 2023 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // 877.314.1237

Best Bets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 by The Editors Camphouse Kitchen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 by Hank Shaw Gifts for Deer Hunters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 by Nick Williams From the Commissioner. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 by Chris Blakenship From the Director . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 by Charles Sykes Alabama & Northwest Florida Fishing Forecast. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 by Tanner Deas Paddle Fishing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 by Ed Mashburn Pier & Shore. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 by David Thornton Regional Freshwater. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 by Ed Mashburn Prime Feeding Times, Moon, Sun, and Tide Charts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 Pensacola Motorsports Trophy Room. . . . . . . . . . . . 80 Great Days Kids Corner. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 Fishing Tips. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 by Drew Morgan A Great Day Outdoors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 by Jim Mize

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Located within an hour of Mobile and I-65 Abundance of game, including trophy whitetail bucks, fallow deer, turkey, dove, quail, ducks, and other small game Over 15 food plots, including a 12± acre agricultural field 13 fiberglass shooting houses, wood-constructed shooting houses, and ladder stands Mature natural hardwood and pine, along with valuable longleaf pine plantations Two scenic 12-acre fishing lakes 2.5-acre duck pond has been host to wood ducks, teal, and other species Lodge boasts 20,000± square ft under roof and 14,000± square ft of living space Sparkling pool

FL Panhandle Listings

Alabama Listings COUNTY

ACRES

Autauga Autauga Autauga Autauga Autauga Baldwin Baldwin Baldwin Baldwin Baldwin Barbour Barbour Barbour Barbour Barbour Bibb Bibb Bibb Bibb Bibb Blount Blount Blount Blount Blount Bullock Butler Butler

373 80 48 44 30 4615 1995 648 518 518 647 351 243 160 118 425 411 367 142 87.55 547 306 241 80 20.52 105.5 372 107

Calhoun Calhoun Chambers Cherokee Cherokee Cherokee Chilton Chilton Chilton Chilton Chilton Choctaw Choctaw Clarke Clarke Clarke Clarke Clarke Clay Cleburne Colbert Conecuh Conecuh Conecuh Crenshaw Crenshaw Cullman Dale

32 1.4 5 18 14.12 3.09 122 58.27 51 25 12 1358 1077 2840 620 66.42 50.27 19 240 14.6 0.28 355 114 3 276.5 7 117 110

COUNTY

ACRES

Dale Dallas Dallas Dallas Dallas Dallas Elmore Escambia Escambia Fayette Fayette Fayette Fayette Fayette Franklin Greene Greene Greene Greene Hale Hale Hale Hale Hale Henry Henry Henry Henry

40 933 740 430 395 193 210 290 113 495 138 135 88 51 68 270 177 120 1.5 258 197 186 80 53 315 57 40 34

Henry Houston Houston Houston Houston Houston Jefferson Jefferson Jefferson Jefferson Jefferson Lamar Lamar Lamar Lamar Lamar Lauderdale Lauderdale Lauderdale Lauderdale Lauderdale Lawrence Lawrence Lawrence Lawrence Lawrence Lee Lee

12 312 261 74 54 30 928 180 160 128 126 530 370 350 295 236 107 56 51 48.7 25 81 78 78 27 18 305 130

COUNTY

ACRES

Lee Limestone Limestone Limestone Limestone Lowndes Lowndes Lowndes Macon Macon Macon Macon Macon Madison Madison Marengo Marengo Marengo Marengo Marengo Marion Marion Marion Marion Marion Marshall Mobile Mobile

94.51 162 55 7.25 6.83 1075 120 75 598 483 35 27.42 16.06 55 11.31 1224 58 16 10 5 173 163 160 120 117.52 198 770 375

Mobile Mobile Mobile Monroe Monroe Monroe Monroe Montgomery Montgomery Montgomery Montgomery Montgomery Perry Perry Perry Perry Perry Pickens Pickens Pickens Pickens Pickens Pike Pike Randolph Randolph Randolph Russell

340 262.83 201 316 181 76 62 640 250 200 34 21 485 330 310 200 134 217 217 180 113 77 159 33 161 36 1.87 29

COUNTY

ACRES

Saint Clair Saint Clair Saint Clair Shelby Shelby Shelby Shelby Shelby Sumter Sumter Sumter Sumter Sumter Talladega Talladega Talladega Tallapoosa Tuscaloosa Tuscaloosa Tuscaloosa Tuscaloosa Tuscaloosa Walker Walker Walker Walker Walker Washington

31 20 19 898 79 64 55 33.52 3768 1040 145 140 1 565 147 26 204.79 543 470 303 190 130 713 373 288 120 115 1225

Washington Washington Washington Washington Wilcox Winston Winston Winston

564 368 214 192 10 69 12 2.3

COUNTY

Escambia Escambia Santa Rosa Santa Rosa Santa Rosa

ACRES 168 44 64 20 11

Along with hundreds of others across the entire United States

877.314.1237 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // December 2023 5

BEST BETS

BEST BETS FOR DECEMBER These are our top targets for hunters and anglers this month! BY GREAT DAYS OUTDOORS EDITORS

DECEMBER RUTS

Alabama has a weird rut, partly due to diverse genetics but also because our temperate climate and lack of harsh winters makes synchronous breeding less vital to survival. This can be frustrating at times, but it also means you can hunt the rut throughout our entire gun season if you’re willing to drive a few hours. In December, several historically well-producing WMAs will experience the rut according to ADCNR’s rut map. Oakmulgee, Fox Creek, Cahaba River, Swan Creek, and Little River WMA should all give good action to hunters willing to travel. If you can swing a 3 day weekend trip and you feel like checking out new ground, remember to pack light and plan on scouting more than you hunt. I’d rather spend 2 days scouting and 1 day hunting a new place than 3 days sitting somewhere on a hunch.

VOLUME 27 ISSUE 12 DECEMBER 2023

PUBLISHED BY: Great Days Outdoors Media, L.L.C. PUBLISHER/EDITOR-IN-CHIEF: Joe Baya EXECUTIVE EDITOR Butch Thierry MANAGING EDITOR: Nick Williams GENERAL MANAGER: Samatha Hester

SALTWATER RIVER FISHING

CREATIVE DIRECTOR: Wendy Johannesmann

December is the perfect time to target inshore species on our coastal rivers, if you know where to look. The key, especially after one of our frequent winter rains, is to locate deeper pockets and channels where denser salt water accumulates. Bottom bump a Berkley Powerbait jig on a ¼-⅜ oz head along these features to entice speckled trout and the occasional redfish. Any color will work, as long as it’s some version of chartreuse or root beer. Remember, it’s always colder on the water than what the weatherman will tell you, so be sure to dress warmly and bring a wind-breaking layer.

DIRECTOR OF DIGITAL MARKETING Jarod Bosarge

Great Days Outdoors (USPS 17228; ISSN 1556-0147) is published monthly at P.O. Box 1253 Santa Rosa Beach, FL 32459 Subscription rate is $30 for one-year, $54 for two-years, and $72 for three-years. Periodicals Postage Paid at Mobile, Ala. and additional mailing offices. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to Great Days Outdoors Media, LLC PO Box 460248 Escondido, CA 92046 SUBSCRIBERS: All subscriptions begin the first issue for the month following receipt of payment, if payment is received by the 15th. Great Days Outdoors assumes no responsibility for delivery after magazines are mailed. All delivery complaints should be addressed to your local postmaster.

CHANGE YOUR IMPELLER

For most freshwater anglers, December is a slow month. Many would rather spend a cold morning with a hot beverage and fireside holiday company instead of facing a cold, wet ride on the lake, me included! This downtime gives you an opportunity to perform annual maintenance before spring picks back up. Perhaps the most important component to maintain is your impeller. This simple-looking piece of rubber can shut your weekend down in a heartbeat if it malfunctions. Most shops recommend replacing it at least every other year, but I advocate for annual replacement. It’s a simple job to do yourself if you’re handy, and if you take it to a shop right now when they’re not busy it’s a quick turnaround for a pro. While you’re at it, change the engine oil, spark plugs, and foot oil. And don’t try to reuse the old gaskets; get new ones. 6 December 2023 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // 877.314.1237

CONTACT US: EDITORIAL | JoeBaya@greatdaysoutdoors.com ADVERTISING | SamHester@greatdaysoutdoors.com SUBSCRIPTIONS | greatdaysoutdoors@pcspublink.com Great Days Outdoors Media LLC PO Box 460248 Escondido, CA 92046 877. 314. 1237 info@greatdaysoutdoors.com www.greatdaysoutdoors.com All rights reserved. Reproduction of contents is strictly prohibited without permission from Great Days Outdoors Media, LLC.

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TROUT STOCKING

877.314.1237 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // December 2023 7

Wild Oyster Mushroom Foraging BY BECCA MAHONEY

8 December 2023 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // 877.314.1237

LIFESTYLE INTRODUCTION TO OYSTER MUSHROOM FORAGING Of all the wild edible fungi we have available to us here in Alabama, those from the Pleurotus ostreatus group are among the easiest to identify, harvest and prepare. You’ll find them growing year round on deciduous trees. In the warm months you’ll be hard pressed to get them before the bugs do. They are a favorite of gnats, various beetles and their larvae. In the cooler months they are delightfully free of most critters. WHAT ARE OYSTER MUSHROOMS? Oyster mushrooms are fan or kidney shaped mushrooms that often grow in clusters, stacked upon one another much like upside down shallow bowls. They are saprophytes; meaning they feed off of decaying wood. Surprisingly they are also carnivorous. They’ve developed a toxin that paralyzes nematodes. The nematodes can then be digested and absorbed by the hyphae. IDENTIFYING OYSTER MUSHROOMS: You’ll find them in clusters (occasionally singular) on dead or dying wood. The cap of this mushroom ranges in color from nearly white to brownish. Each cap will have its own stem. It’s usually offset but can become more centralized if it’s growing in a horizontal position. The gills are very deep, ranging in color from soft white to grayish. They are strongly decurrent, meaning they run down the stem. The flesh is nearly white, rather thin and soft. There is no ring or sack of tissue at the base of the stem. The odor is usually described as mildly fishy; as in fresh fish flesh, not canned tuna fishy. The spore print ranges from very light violet to white. COMMON OYSTER MUSHROOM LOOK-ALIKES There are no toxic look-alikes for oyster mushrooms. This is a list of mushrooms that are sometimes mistaken for Pleurotus ostreatus. Pluteus cervinus, the deer shield mushroom and sometimes Pluteus petasatus are sometimes confused with oyster mushrooms because of similar colors, odor and the fact that they grow on decaying wood. I’m not sure how that long stemmed mushroom looks like an oyster, but it has been confused by some. They fruit at the same time as oysters too. They have a central stipe or stem that holds the brownish caps well above the wood they are fruiting from. They have white gills that age to a dusty pink. P. petasatus maintains its whitish gill colors. These are edible but be aware of another Pluteus; americanus. It looks like the other deer shield mushroom except this fairly rare one will stain blue, especially at the base. It contains psilocybin, a hallucinogen. Not what you want to feed the kids for dinner. The next look-alikes are Hohenbuehelia and Crepidotus. There are several species in this genera that can be confused with “baby oysters”. They both grow on dead wood almost year round here in Alabama. They are generally much smaller and more fragile than oyster mushrooms. They have no stalk or if they do it’s very short. They both have gills that run down to where they connect to wood. Crepidotus will have brown spores and Hohenbuehelia will make a white spore print. If you pull either from the wood you’ll notice they are quite thin. Hohenbuehelia petaloides looks very much like oyster mushrooms. The biggest difference will be that they grow in mulch or other thick woody debris on the ground. The small fruit bodies turn in upon themselves much like flower petals. They can have a short stipe and the shallow gills run down it like the lamellae of oyster mushrooms. I have eaten these and didn’t find them too bad, but not something I’d hunt up to eat again. Panellus stipticus, the bitter oyster, is another saprophytic fungus that has been confused for baby oysters. They grow on dead wood, usually deciduous trees. They grow in overlapping clusters like P. ostreatus. The textured caps range in color from yellowish cream to orange/brown. The cream to tan colored gills is rather crowded and short. It has a stubby stipe that’s usually offset. One cool note about Panellus stipticus is that it has been known to

be luminescent. Both the mycelium and the fruit bodies can glow in the dark. You can look up Matthew Schink on YouTube or Facebook to learn more. Sarcomyxa seotina aka the late oyster’s cap can be a bit darker than Pleurotus ostreatus and can be a bit sticky when it’s young or dampened. The gills are rather crowded and short and typically white tan. It has a short pseudostipe that can become longer while it’s being pushed through its growing medium to reach better airflow. They are considered edible but can be bitter. Phyllotopsis nidulans, sometimes called the mock oyster or the stinking orange oyster, is another saprobic mushroom that grows on almost any dead wood. With its overlapping caps and sometimes fused clusters I supposed one could mistake them for oysters. Closer inspection will reveal an orange cap with fuzzy fibrils on it. Sometimes the fibers or hairs are very visible, but time and weather may cause the caps to lose some of that. Pulling off a cap will reveal short, crowded orangish colored gills with little to no stipe. Instead of a stem there’s more like a little connection point where it attaches to the limb it’s growing on. OYSTER MUSHROOM FORAGING TECHNIQUES: (WHEN AND WHERE TO FIND THEM) You’re going to find oyster mushrooms year round on dead or dying trees and logs. I have seen them on live trees growing through a crack in the bark, but not very often. You can also find them on dead limbs still attached to the tree, usually too high up for this short forager to get to. They grow year round in our temperate climate so if you find some in the warmer months that are filled with bugs you can come back in cooler weather to the same tree or log and find them again. How often they fruit or flush will depend on the rain and how much food is in the wood they are on. If I find some that have decayed, I’ll give that log a good kick, or tap it good with an old stick, anything to kinda jar the mycelium a bit, and then come back in a few days. If we happen to get some rain, I’ll check a little earlier. There’s no real way to predict when it will flush again so I try to check it as often as every 3 days. That log or tree may produce mushrooms for a few months or a few years. If the weather has been dry, take a walk in some riparian areas. Go to the lowlands and check near creeks, ponds and swampy areas. Keep in mind that some of these places are low enough to get fairly polluted from runoff. ESSENTIAL FORAGING TOOLS FOR OYSTER MUSHROOMS Honestly all you need to harvest oyster mushrooms are your fingers, if there’s a lot of them you might have to improvise your shirt for a tote. But mushrooms are typically damp and can be a bit sticky. Just pulling them from the tree means you’ll get bark, sawdust and other debris stuck to them. Cleaning all that stuff off after you get home can be tedious and sometimes impossible. So having a knife, a small brush and something to carry them in is very useful. Any knife will do, a soft, 1 or 2 inch paintbrush will help remove debris without tearing up your yummy harvest. Cleaning your mushroom as soon as you harvest it is the easiest way to go. I keep one with a string through the handle so I can tie it to my basket or bag. Paper bags are best for carrying the mushrooms. You may need the large grocery bags or the smaller lunch bags, according to how many you find. I keep some in the car, truck and my backpack all the time. Plastic traps moisture and causes the fragile flesh to break down faster. Unless you have just a few minutes from harvest to fridge I would never recommend plastic bags. Make sure your mushrooms are fresh. Any evidence of slick sliminess, an off odor or drooping wide spaced gills indicates them to be past prime. Many so-called ill effects from eating wild mushrooms are caused by eating spoiled or undercooked fungi. You wouldn’t feed your family off colored droopy veggies or slimy meat; use the same common sense with mushrooms. When in doubt, throw it out.

877.314.1237 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // December 2023 9

Wild Oyster Mushroom Foraging

Once you get your harvest home. Finish up any cleaning that needs to be done. Do not wet them if you can avoid it. Oyster mushrooms act like a sponge. If you’re not cooking them immediately, store them loosely in a paper bag with the end folded or a cardboard box with a wet paper towel on top. They should keep for a few days this way. EATING OYSTER MUSHROOMS Okay! If you made it this far without getting too bored you probably really want to know how to cook them and what they taste like. The first thing you need to know is that with only a couple of exceptions; Mushrooms Should Never Be Consumed Raw. I know everyone has eaten the little button mushrooms from the market raw. Those have been hybridized to be easier for humans to digest. Their parents, Agaricus bisporus grow on our lawns today. I don’t recommend eating them raw. Not only should you cook your mushrooms but cook them well. Cooking helps break down the chitins which cover the cell walls of fungi. Chitins aid in making them strong enough to push through bark, rocks or other debris in order to fruit. That water insoluble component makes it harder for us to digest them. The second thing you need to know is that you should cook and eat a small (2 tablespoons) of any mushroom you forage for the first time. Wait 24 hours, if you are ok, proceed to cook your meal. This is just to make sure you’re not one of those individuals that’s sensitive to that particular fungi. Some people can eat Desarmillaria caespitosa (ringless honey mushrooms) with no problem while others encounter tummy upset. The same goes for Laetiporus species. I personally know of one person who suffers gastric issues when consuming oyster mushrooms. Not deathly ill, he just doesn’t feel well after eating them. Also, over-consumption of anything can cause tummy issues. Oyster mushrooms are very mild tasting in my opinion. Tastes much like a button mushroom but milder. They’re quite meaty. Delightful in stir fry, excellent for homemade cream of mushroom soup, gravy or chicken fried. They also make a pretty darned good jerky if you find yourself with too many

ALABAMA BISON HUNT HARVEST YOUR OWN MEAT

to eat at once. The first time I harvested any, I simply sautéed them in a little olive oil and seasoned with salt and pepper. I wanted to see what they really tasted like. I’m including my recipe for Faux Oysters Rockefeller because I know I’m not infringing on anyone’s copyright. And it’s pretty good if I have to say so myself.

Faux Oysters Rockefeller Prep time: 20 minutes, Cook time: 20 minutes. Total time: 40 minutes. Yield: Serves 2-4 as a side dish, 6 as an appetizer. Ingredients: • 3 Tbls butter, divided • 1 cup unseasoned breadcrumbs • 1 cup grated parmesan cheese • 3 cloves minced garlic • 3 cups spinach leaves, roughly torn or chopped • ½ cup fresh parsley leaves • Salt as needed • ½ lb fresh oyster mushrooms, cleaned and cut into bite sized pieces Instructions: 1. Preheat the oven to 400 degrees F. Once the oven is heated, place mushrooms on a lightly oiled cookie sheet and pop in the oven while you prepare the other ingredients. (check those mushrooms after 10 minutes, take them out if you’re not quite ready for them) Separate the butter into 3 equal parts. Melt one tablespoon of the butter and gently mix it with the breadcrumbs and parmesan cheese. Set that mixture aside. In an ovenproof skillet (8-10 inches) heat another tablespoon of butter with the garlic over medium heat. After the butter melts, cook garlic for about 1 minute, and then add spinach with a sprinkle of salt. Stir until the spinach is wilted then stir in the parsley and remove the mixture to a platter to wait its turn. Turn the heat off under the skillet and add the last tablespoon of butter, melting it to coat the skillet. 2. Remove mushrooms from the oven. Using a slotted spoon add the mushrooms in an even layer into the buttered skillet. 3. Spoon the spinach mixture on top of the mushrooms and sprinkle the breadcrumb mixture over the entire dish. Bake at 400 degrees for 10-15 minutes or until the breadcrumbs have browned. Serve warm as a side dish or over bread as crostini. Oyster mushrooms are great for beginners, since there’s no toxic lookalikes. They’re very versatile as far as ways to serve them. They’re generally plentiful which makes them a good all around mushroom. If you want to learn more about Oyster Mushrooms or any of the other wild mushrooms here in Alabama, look us up on Facebook - Alabama Mushroom Society or on our web page @alabamamushroomsociety.org

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ALABAMA HUNT 10 December 2023 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // 877.314.1237

Recommended Reading: *Edible Wild Foraging and Identification, presented by the Alabama Mushroom Society; written by Anthoni Goodman PhD https://www.amazon.com/Edible-Wild-Mushroom-Foraging-Identification/ dp/B0BSDV6G53 * Appalachian Mushrooms, a field guide; by Walt E. Sturgeon https://www.amazon.com/Appalachian-Mushrooms-Field-Walter-Sturgeon/dp/0821423258 * 100 Edible Mushrooms by Michael Kuo https://www.amazon.com/100-Edible-Mushrooms-Michael-Kuo/ dp/0472031260

877.314.1237 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // December 2023 11

Crappie Jigs Demystified The Expert’s Guide

BY NICK WILLIAMS

12 December 2023 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // 877.314.1237

FISHING INTRODUCTION TO CRAPPIE JIGS Catching crappie can be quite a challenge. These oftentimes finicky freshwater fish have left many anglers searching for the perfect bait and technique to catch them. One tool that stands out in crappie fishing is the crappie jig. In this article, we’ll explore the world of crappie fishing, looking at the different kinds of jigs, the best ways to use them, and the secrets that experienced anglers have learned over the years. Whether you’re just starting out or you’re a seasoned pro, this guide will help you become a crappie jig expert. The first thing to know is that a “crappie jig” consists of both a body and a jighead. You need both components to make a fishable lure, and you can mix and match the two components to create an incredible variety of baits. CRAPPIE JIG BODY Crappie jig bodies are small, soft, and flexible baits, often made from materials like rubber, plastic, or silicone. They come in many shapes, sizes, and colors so that anglers can choose the ones that look most like crappie’s favorite prey. These jig bodies are like the “dress” of the fishing lure. They’re designed to look and move like the small fish that crappie like to eat. Some of them even smell or taste like real prey to attract crappie! The coolest thing about these jig bodies is that they are soft and can move easily in the water. This makes them look more like real fish to crappie. They also come in many colors, so you can pick the one that matches the color of the fish in the area. These bodies are not very big and are very lightweight, just like the small fish crappie usually eat. Many of them also have a soft tail that wiggles in the water, making them even more interesting to crappie. CRAPPIE JIG HEAD When you use a crappie jig, you put the jig body on a special hook called a jighead, which is like the “head” of the lure. The jig head is heavy, which helps you cast it into the water. It also helps the jig to quickly sink down to the depth of crappie. Then, when you move the jig in the water, the jighead makes the jig body move in a way that looks like a real fish swimming. This is how you trick crappie into biting it. Jig heads come in a variety of weights, colors, sizes, and hook shapes. TYPES OF CRAPPIE JIG BODIES There are as many crappie jig bodies on the market as there are flavors of ice cream. Some are arguably better than others, and some are inarguably much more popular than the rest. Let’s look at a few of the most commonly available types. Shad Imitation Jigs Shad or minnow imitation jigs are, you guessed it, small plastic jigs poured to imitate the profile of small baitfish. Any bait shop worth its salt will have at least a few packs of these on the wall. Popular brands include Bobby Garland, Mr. Crappie, Strike King, and Berkeley. You can get these jigs in a truly incredible variety of colors, and they often incorporate glitter or glow-inthe-dark dyes to enhance their visibility. Tube Jigs Tube jigs are more suggestive than imitative. IE, they don’t try to exactly replicate a particular crappie forage as they just generally look wiggly and bite-sized. Tube jigs are hollow, soft plastic or rubber tubes with multiple dangling appendages at the end. If you’re having trouble imagining such a thing, picture a small, rubber squid. Tube jigs, like shad or minnow imitations, come in a dazzling array of colors. Their hollow bodies can also be used to hold a small amount of gel crappie scent. Hair Jigs Instead of being made of melted plastic or rubber poured into a mold, hair

jigs are made of either hair or feathers. What’s cool about these jigs is that the soft tail moves just like real prey underwater, imitating small fish or insects that crappie like to eat with just the slightest twitch of a rod tip. Like shad imitation and tube jigs, they come in a variety of sizes and colors to allow anglers to match local forage or create crazy, strike-enticing patterns. Hand Tied Crappie Jigs Hand tying your own crappie jigs can be a fun and money-saving way to create personalized lures for crappie fishing. To get started, you’ll need some essential materials and tools like jig heads, hooks, thread, body materials (like feathers or synthetic fibers), a tying vice, scissors, a bobbin, beads (if desired), and cement or glue. Hand tying your own jigs gives you the ability to experiment with different materials, colors, and styles to match what works best in your fishing area. Over time, you can refine your technique and even keep notes on which jig patterns are most effective for catching crappie in your favorite spots. It might take some practice, and it’s not for everyone, but it’s a rewarding hobby for many crappie anglers. TYPES OF CRAPPIE JIG HEADS We mentioned at the start of this article that a crappie jig consists of both the body and the jig head. While the body of the lure often gets more attention since it’s responsible for attracting a strike, the jig head is what gets that bait down into the strike zone and hooks the fish. Let’s take a second and look at the different types of crappie jig heads you can pair with your jig bodies. Crappie jig heads are a critical component of crappie fishing rigs, as they determine the weight, balance, and action of the lure. There are several types of crappie jig heads designed for various fishing conditions and techniques. Here’s an overview of some common types: Round Jig Heads: These are the most basic and widely used jig heads. They have a round shape with a weighted ball at the front and a hook extending from the back. Round jig heads are versatile and work well for casting, vertical jigging, and trolling. They come in various weights to accommodate different depths and water currents. Minnow Jig Heads: Minnow jig heads are designed to mimic the appearance of a minnow or small baitfish. They often have a longer profile with a streamlined shape, making them suitable for slow trolling or casting in open water. Tube Jig Heads: Tube jig heads are specifically designed for use with tube jigs, which have a soft, tubular body. These heads have a unique shape that fits inside the tube and securely holds the bait. Tube jig heads are great for finesse presentations and casting near structure. Dart Jig Heads: Dart jig heads feature a slender, streamlined body with a tapered design. This shape allows for precise casting and controlled swimming action. They are effective for fishing in clear water and when targeting suspended crappie. Sickle Hook Jig Heads: Sickle hook jig heads have a distinctive curved hook that enhances hook-setting ability and reduces the chances of fish escaping. These hooks are designed to maximize your catch rate. Underspin Jig Heads: Underspin heads are generally minnow jig heads with a small, spinning spoon attached the the underside. They add vibration and flash to a jig and can help to draw more strikes in dinghy water. CHOOSING THE BEST CRAPPIE JIG FOR YOU Choosing the right combination of crappie jig body and jig head is crucial for successful fishing, and it largely depends on the specific conditions you 877.314.1237 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // December 2023 13

Crappie Jigs Demystified: The Expert’s Guide

encounter on the water. Water Clarity: If you’re fishing in clear water where you can see underwater easily, opt for more subtle and natural-looking colors. Think about what baitfish and insects crappie are likely to eat in that environment. Colors like silver, white, or pearl tend to work well here. On the other hand, if you’re fishing in murky or stained water with low visibility, you’ll want to use brighter and more visible colors. Chartreuse, yellow, and fluorescent shades can grab the attention of crappie. Depth: Consider the water depth you’re fishing in. In shallow water, especially during the spring spawn, it’s a good idea to use lighter jig heads and smaller jig bodies. Crappie in shallow areas can be more cautious, so finesse is key. In contrast, when fishing in deeper water, you’ll need heavier jig heads to get your lure down to the crappie’s depth. Using larger jig bodies can also help your bait stand out in the darker depths. Current: If you’re fishing in a location with strong currents, such as a river or a spot with a significant water flow, using heavier jig heads is essential. Heavier jig heads allow you to maintain control over your bait’s position and prevent it from being swept away. Additionally, you may want to select jig bodies that create more vibration and movement to attract crappie in fast-moving water. Season and Temperature: The time of year and water temperature can greatly influence crappie behavior. During cooler months like spring and fall, crappie may be less active. In this case, it’s a good idea to choose smaller jig bodies with slower, more subtle movements. Lighter jig heads can help you achieve this finesse presentation. However, in summer and early fall, when water temperatures rise and crappie become more active, you can experiment with a range of sizes and colors to see what triggers their aggression. 14 December 2023 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // 877.314.1237

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Crappie Jigs Demystified: The Expert’s Guide

Baitfish Size and Color: Observe the local baitfish in the area you’re fishing. Pay attention to their size and color, as crappie often prefer to feed on baitfish that closely match what’s naturally available. Try to match your jig body and head to the baitfish in your particular fishing spot. Structure and Cover: If you’re fishing near underwater structures like brush piles or fallen trees, using weedless jig heads can be a smart move. Weedless heads help reduce the chances of your lure getting stuck, allowing you to fish more effectively. Pair these weedless heads with jig bodies that resemble the local prey to increase your chances of success. Experiment and Record: Lastly, remember that fishing conditions can change from day to day and from one fishing spot to another. Don’t be afraid to experiment with different jig head weights, styles, and colors until you find what works best. Keeping a fishing journal can be extremely helpful. Note down which combinations and techniques yield the best results in specific locations and conditions. Over time, your observations and records will help you fine-tune your choices and become a more successful crappie angler. FINAL THOUGHTS ON CRAPPIE JIGS Understanding crappie jigs and jig heads is a big part of becoming a successful crappie fisherman. In this article, we’ve covered various types of crappie jigs, their unique features, and how to select the best jig body and head combo for different fishing situations. With this knowledge, you’re better prepared to adjust to changing conditions, improve your success, and relish the excitement of catching these prized fish. So, whether you’re an experienced angler or just starting out, go out there with confidence, try new combinations, and enjoy the thrill of tossing out the perfect crappie jig. Good luck and happy fishing!

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Fried Crappie with Black-eyed Peas Prep: 20 mins • Cook: 20 mins • Total: 40 mins Ingredients

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• 4 to 6 skinless crappie fillets • 1 cup milk • 1 cup fine cornmeal, a/k/a “fish fry” • 1 tablespoon Cajun seasoning • 2 teaspoons ground black pepper • Peanut oil for frying SALAD • 1 cup black-eyed peas • 2 cups chicken broth • 2 cups water • 1/4 pound bacon • 1 chopped onion • 3 chopped garlic cloves • 1 or 2 roasted red peppers, canned or freshly roasted, chopped • 3 cups chopped turnip or mustard greens • Salt, black pepper and cider vinegar to taste

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Start by cooking the black-eyed peas. Bring the water and chicken broth to a boil and add the peas. Lower the heat to a very gentle simmer and cook until they are tender, but not falling apart. While this is happening, cook the bacon in a large saute pan. When the bacon is crispy, remove it and chop. Set it aside for now. Saute the onion in the bacon fat over medium-high heat until the edges brown. Add the garlic and the greens and toss to coat in the bacon fat. Cook until the greens wilt. Turn off the heat, add back the bacon, then mix in the red peppers. Cover the pan and set aside for now. Pour the milk into a shallow bowl. Mix all the breading ingredients. Pour enough peanut oil into a frying pan to come up about 1/4 to 1/2 inch. Heat the oil to 325°F to 350°F. If you don’t have a thermometer, the oil will be ready when a bit of the breading sizzles instantly when flicked into it. When the oil is hot, dredge the fish in the milk, then coat with the breading. Fry until golden brown, about 3 to 5 minutes per side. Drain on paper towels. To finish, warm the black-eyed pea salad and put some on everyone’s plate and top with the fried fish. Serve with beer or an uncomplicated white wine. 877.314.1237 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // December 2023 15

Deer Rut Hunting Explained BY DAVID STRICKLAND

Mike with a public land Pope and Young buck taken with bow while it chased a doe. (Courtesy of MIke Perry) 16 December 2023 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // 877.314.1237

HUNTING INTRODUCTION TO HUNTING THE RUT The heat generated by Alabama’s hot August sun begins to fade as September nears, and cooler nights trigger conversations about doves, green fields, and deer stands. Early bow and muzzleloader season talk often focuses on acorns, mosquitos, and cottonmouths, and the rut only begins to dominate chat sessions when the gun season opens in November. The odd thing about Alabama is that it’s a somewhat elongated state. The counties near the Gulf experience milder winter temps than those upstate, and their warmer seasonal weather might contribute to their buck rutting activity peaking in February. However, a genetic component could also be at work.

WHEN WILL THE BUCKS BEGIN COURTING IN YOUR PART OF THE STATE? If you’re new to hunting deer and want to lockdown your best chances of seeing a mature whitetail buck, I suggest talking to as many local white-haired hunters as you can find in your area. Alabama’s DCNR has produced a map that divides our state into hunting zones that reflect the approximate dates of the peak of breeding activity in each section. Within each of these defined areas, there can be some slight variation as to when the rut peaks, but the dates combined with some careful scouting will help you decide when you should spend most of your hunting time in your stand.

Alabama’s current wild deer population is the result of restocking efforts by the state, private citizens, and organizations due to the near depletion of Alabama’s deer herd in the 1900s. These efforts began in the 1930s and continued during the 50s and 60s. Though most restocking efforts were assumed to be from O. v. virginianus, whitetails from several other states, including Arkansas, Georgia, Michigan, North Carolina, Ohio, Texas, and Wisconsin, were also introduced. Up to six different subspecies of whitetails, including O. v. borealis, O. v. macrourus, O. v. osceola, O. v. seminolus, O. v. texanus, are thought to have been stocked within our borders, resulting in deer with a combination of ancestries that are hard to categorize.

WHAT DOES DEER RUTTING BEHAVIOR LOOK LIKE? In September, smaller trees begin to be rubbed by all ages of bucks. This activity is a precursor to more significant trees having their bark peeled and bushes and limbs twisted and even uprooted. Pines, cedar, and hardwood saplings are the preferred rubbing species. However, even a fence post is not immune to being polished by a buck’s antlers.

So, when discussions begin about when will the local deer start chasing does, the best answer is, “It depends on what part of the state you hunt.”

Shortly after they begin rubbing trees, they will paw out small circular areas known as scrapes that expose fresh pawed dirt that usually contain a clear hoof print. These scrapes often have a small limb or twig directly above that has been chewed and twisted. It’s coated with the saliva and scent from the glands near its eyes and forehead as it moves its head across the branch while holding it in its mouth. These early scrapes often appear as smaller, half-hearted attempts compared to those made as the rut intensifies. They help establish the pecking order for local bachelor groups.

UNDERSTANDING DEER RUTTING SEASON For hunters in the Southeast U.S., the rutting season is a highly anticipated and exciting time of the year to be in the woods. Bucks become preoccupied with finding and courting receptive does, making them more active and often traveling greater distances during daylight hours. An increasing number of fresh rubs and scrapes alert hunters that the rut is not far off. The Northern part of our state sees rutting activity as early as November 10, while it can extend into February in the southern counties. You’ll read and hear many opinions about this disparity in the timing of the rut throughout Alabama. However, our state game biologist insists that the genetic variations inherent within the multiple deer subspecies are primarily to blame. In the area I’ve hunted for nearly six decades, you can mark your calendars for the week before Christmas to see a sudden increase in buck activity, and bucks in other parts of the state also consistently begin chasing does close to the exact dates every year. That’s not to say unusually warm or cold temperatures may also influence daytime activity. Still, under normal conditions, the rut begins and ends within a narrow time frame within most areas of the state. WHEN IS RUTTING SEASON FOR DEER? When the distance between sunrise and sunset shortens, whitetails take note. The changing weather and decreased light accompanying these shorter days trigger instincts, and the brains of both sexes begin to secrete extra hormones. These hormones prepare bucks for their role and bring about the estrous cycle in the females. Research has documented conception dates in Alabama around Thanksgiving, mid-December, and January, with some breeding occurring in February and into March.

Missing bark from young saplings at the edge of a field or along an established deer trail are usually the first telltales signs that the local buck population is redirecting their attention from themselves to their female counterparts.

Several bucks can work a sizable scrape at once, and the amount of urine is often evident to a hunter’s nose. An increase in these types of scrapes and rubbing activity on more significant trees is a sure sign the rut is in full swing, and bucks are often seen with their nose to the ground, moving at a steady pace as they trail a doe in heat. HOW LONG DOES THE RUT LAST? Most biologists agree that a healthy mature doe can have an estrous cycle lasting up to 28 days. Mature does may be ready to breed earlier than others in the local herd. However, they may enter estrous several times before successful mating occurs. All female deer won’t be ready for breeding at once, so there will be a gradual increase in activity that peaks at a certain point, and this is when the majority of breeding occurs each season. PREPARING FOR HUNTING THE RUT Knowing where the majority of your does feed and bed is an excellent start to your rut-hunting strategy. Learning the prevalent winds on your land and setting up stands downwind of thickets and travel corridors will increase your odds of success. SCOUTING FOR DEER BEFORE THE RUT Serious trophy hunters scout for next year’s trophy the day after their current season ends. Their reasoning comes from understanding the reaction of mature whitetails to human scent detected in their living room, den, and bedroom. Mature bucks are either lucky or smart. They depend on their nose to alert them to the scent carried by the wind and deposited with every footstep, along with the human odor deposited at 877.314.1237 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // December 2023 17

Deer Rut Hunting Explained

A careful study of this DCNR map may help you plan the timing of your next hunt as you chase those elusive Alabama whitetails.

the base of trees, bushes, and limbs. The best way to ensure a good buck goes nocturnal is to roam around your stand site and do some intense scouting a few days before your hunt. Placing your stands, performing any maintenance, and clearing shooting lanes well ahead of the season increases your chances of taking a mature buck. NECESSARY GEAR FOR THE DEER RUT A good backpack large enough to hold an entire day’s worth of snacks, drinks, binoculars, rangefinders, skinning knife/gloves, sharpener, grunt call, phone charger, and cleaning wipes is a fundamental piece of equipment. If the wind is right, and your stand is comfortable, you must be prepared to spend an entire day monitoring the woods for that elusive wall hanger. Having your calls or rattling horns handy during the rut can be the difference between a buck holding still for a shot or jogging by. MENTAL AND PHYSICAL PREPARATION Everyone has checklists, and they help remind us of short-term and long-term activities we hope to accomplish. If one of our goals is to tag a trophy buck, we need to be lucky or put in a lot of physical and mental preparation. Our style of hunting and where and how often we hunt will dictate the degree of physical coordination and strength we need to survive the additional stress of deer season. If you launch a canoe in remote streams and paddle, then hike to your stand, you will naturally need to be in better shape than those who park their ATV within a short walk of their cozy, heated shooting house.

18 December 2023 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // 877.314.1237

The mental side of our preparations will reflect the degree of stress we place on ourselves by checking off those things that must occur to allow us flexibility for our time spent outdoors. Pinning down the dates that the rut peaks on your property, scheduling time off work, and maintaining good relationships in your extended absences can sometimes require bribery. Marrying a gal who likes to hunt won’t hurt either. DEER RUT HUNTING STRATEGIES A conversation with Michael Perry confirmed what I’ve always suspected: consistently taking good bucks off public land is hard work. Perry grew up in northwest Alabama and began hunting before age 10. Trapping with his dad taught him how to read the forest floor and notice things many folks might miss, and those early years also helped him unravel some of the mystery surrounding mature Alabama bucks. Perry begins scouting for his next good buck at the close of the previous season. He places cameras in likely locations and analyzes the signs left in the leafless forest he plans to hunt. To consistently hunt during the peak of the rut, Perry Begins his bow hunts on public lands in the Northern part of the state around November 13, then slowly ventures southward, chasing the rut, as Alabama whitetail’s mating season moves south. Perry credits several decades of notes in his journals with helping him consistently hunt where he knows bucks are actively chasing does. He’s learned to stack the odds in his favor by timing his hunts along known travel corridors at the peak of the rut on each public parcel he hunts. It must work because of his family’s consistent success. He’s harvested 38 public land bucks eight points or better, with his best trophy scoring 196 3/8”, and his brother Matthew isn’t far behind with his 180 1/8”

Deer Rut Hunting Explained

public land trophy. Perry identified five specific times during the season when bucks are most active in daylight. He attributes the timing of this increased activity to the contrasting estrous cycles of does in different parts of our state. It’s during these periods he spends most of his time on stand and downwind of travel corridors. To duplicate his success, you must make a serious commitment and do lots of scouting. To increase your odds, walk every inch of your hunting property before the season begins to learn the areas where the does bed. Choose your stand locations and avoid hunting these until the peak of the rut on your property. FINAL THOUGHTS ON DEER RUT HUNTING Being in the woods during the peak of the rut is a great way to increase your odds of seeing a mature whitetail buck. Their unpredictability means they might chase a doe past your stand from any direction at any time of the day. However, positioning yourself near known doe bedding areas could increase your odds. A sudden increase in the number of fresh rubs and scrapes in your area should be noted and marked on your calendar. If you keep a journal of sightings and deer activity, add the date when you notice the first fresh scrape and note when rubbing and scraping activity cease. Somewhere in the middle of those two dates is when the peak of rutting activity occurs and the best time to plan your vacation next year in search of a trophy and a good story to share during the holidays. You might also tip the odds in your favor by picking up a copy of Michael Perry’s new book, “Deer Hunting-Secrets to Taking Mature Bucks-On Public Land.”

Mike’s wife Kathy, with a nice public land buck of her own.

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Winter Bass Fishing BY JOHN E. PHILLIPS

Paul Elias says that his most-reliable way to catch winter bass is fishing a 1/2- to 5/8-ounce spoon at the depth where he spots the bass on his electronics. 20 December 2023 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // 877.314.1237

FISHING Wintertime bass may be fickle. However, wintertime bassing can be an adventure and offer some of the best fishing of the year. The angler must know three-important ingredients – where the bass should be, how to locate those bass with their electronics, and what lures are required to catch them. When the water’s cold, few bass in a lake are aggressive. A bass’s body metabolism slows-down, since bass are cold blooded. Bass don’t travel as much as they do at other times. Baitfish generally will school and hold on particular types of bottom structure or in certain depths of water. Although you’ll rarely see a bass chasing schools of baitfish in the winter, bass will be holding in or near where those schools are concentrated. TYPES OF LAKES In the winter months, bass and baitfish generally will be holding in or near the thermocline (a transition layer of water between the cool water on the surface and the warmer water below) and/or close to some type of deep-water structure in: * highland lakes. This structure may be a ledge, a drop-off or an outcropping of rocks located close to or on the thermocline; * lowland lakes. Most often some type of bottom break like an old creek channel, a rocky point drop-off or the junction of a river and/or a creek channel will concentrate bass; * midland lakes. If the lake has standing timber in deep water, you may find bass suspended in the tops of sunken timber – perhaps 20 to 40 feet down. “Great Days Outdoors” has talked with avid bassers to learn the tactics and baits they use to catch winter bass. DENNY BRAUER – ELECTRONICS’ FANATIC Bassers know the most-effective way to identify any underwater structure and open-water schools of bait fish is with their electronics. Most agree that when fishing for wintertime bass, having more than one depth finder mounted on your boat gives you an advantage. As Denny Brauer of Del Rio, Texas, the winner of almost every bass-fishing title, explains, “If you’re not bouncing the bait off the bass’s nose, the likelihood of catching a bass is greatly reduced. Many times during the winter, a bass may not move more than 1 to 1-1/2 feet to take a bait. Therefore if you’re fishing 3-4 feet away from the bass you’ve pinpointed, you may not even get a strike.” Forward-facing sonar has solved this problem today because the angler can see the distance and the height his lure is above the bass, and whether or not the bass is interested in the lure by the way the fish reacts when it spots the bait. “By fishing a big spoon and having the sensitivity on my depth finder turnedup high enough to see that spoon as it falls, I can fish directly over my trolling motor and right through the cone of my depth finder,” Brauer says. “Then, I constantly can stay in touch with where the bass are, where my spoon is, and at what depth I need to be fishing to be successful.” BRANDON PALANIUK – THE DROP SHOT RIG, THE JERKBAIT AND A BLADE BAIT WITH ELECTRONICS Brandon Palaniuk of Hayden, Idaho, the Bassmaster 2022 Angler of the Year, likes these lures and tactics for wintertime bassing. *The Drop Shot Rig – “I’ll use a drop shot rig on my rod - a No. 1 VMC drop shot hook and a nose-hooked finesse bait like the 2-3/4 inch X Zone Hot Shot Minnow in a shad pattern, depending on what the bass are feeding. I like to use small baits when the weather’s cold because they’re easier for the bass to catch and eat. “The bass often will group into big schools in cold weather, so you’ll discover lots of dead water that don’t hold any bass. When you do pinpoint the bass, often a number of bass there will be competing for the bait. The drop-shot rig enables me to put a bait right above the water depth where the bass are holding.” *The Jerkbait – “Jerkbaits, which mimic dying bait fish, can be deadly, and my favorite is a Rapala Shad Rap. I often find suspended wintertime bass on steep, underwater breaks - looking up to feed on the baitfish above them.

I decide how long I’ll let the bait sit still – possibly even 20-30 seconds depending on what I see in real time on my forward-facing electronics - the Humminbird MEGA Live Imaging - about how the bass are reacting to my jerkbait.” *The Blade Bait – “I catch numbers of bass in the winter months on blade baits, like the silver-style blade bait. This lure looks like a piece of sheet metal with lead molded to its bottom and treble hooks on its front and back. I add a snap swivel to the eye of the bait on the blade’s top. I make short, little hops off the bottom with this lure that vibrates as I jerk it up and let it wobble side-to-side while falling. I believe I’m getting a reaction strike rather than a feeding bite when using this lure.” KEVIN VANDAM – THE RED-EYED SHAD LIPLESS CRANKBAIT AND A SPINNER BAIT Kevin VanDam of Kalamazoo, Michigan, who has won every bass-fishing accolade known, says, “In many sections of the country, December is considered one of the best months to be fishing. The bass will be moving to the backs of the creeks, following shad. I’ll fish Strike King’s Red Eyed Shad, one of the best cold-water bass baits ever made, until the lakes ice-up. Bass just have to eat the flat-sided Red Eyed Shad. “The Red Eyed Shad also helps you find bass. One of the most-effective ways to get a bite on the Red Eyed Shad is to kill it and let it fall. This lure, the only lipless crankbait with this action, will swim nose down, wiggling to the bottom. When I kill the bait, I don’t fish it on a slack line. I want to feel the bait as it falls and feel the strike. “The spinner bait gives me the ability to fish all water depths without having to change lures. You’ll cast the spinner bait out, and it’ll sink to the bottom quickly. The spinner bait helps me determine if the bass are holding on the outside edges of the underwater grass, close to the surface, somewhere in-between or right on the bottom. It’s a great lure to fish in grass lakes at this time of year because it has the ability to let you know exactly where in the water column the bass are concentrating. “My favorite tactic is to slow-roll the spinner bait on the outside edges of grass flats, close to the main river. I cover a lot of water with my spinner bait. My favorite wintertime colors include blue shad, white shad and chartreuseand-white shad, depending on the water’s clarity. The clearer the water, the more natural the color I’ll choose. If the water has some color, I’ll usually fish with a chartreuse-and-white spinner bait.” PAUL ELIAS - JIGGING SPOON Paul Elias of Laurel, Mississippi, a bass angler for 42+ years and the winner of a Bassmaster Classic, suggests fishing on the deep drops on long points to locate wintertime bass. He reports that, “These deep drops will occur where a point meets a creek or a river channel. I’ll also look for a deep slough adjacent to a deep flat. If I can find a 20-foot-deep flat that drops off to 35 feet, I’ll search for bass along the bottom break. “I’ll look for bass too along the main river channel. During the cold, the bass will be in the deep water that provides a more-comfortable temperature along the vertical drop. Dramatic changes in the weather will cause bass to rise or fall in the water along that vertical drop to maintain a comfortable body temperature. Bass also may be found along these bottom breaks in heavy cover, such as standing trees along the river or creek channel breaks. “My most-reliable way to catch winter bass on these breaks is to jig a 1/2- to 5/8-ounce spoon at the depth where I see the bass on my depth finder. The heavier the spoon, the deeper and quicker it will fall to where the wintertime bass are.” THE FLUTTER SPOON A spoon that’s particularly effective in the wintertime in highland lakes with clear water and little or no structure is a flutter-type spoon that you cast-out or drop-down on a slack line and then allow to flutter to the bottom. Ninety-nine percent of the time, the bass will hit the flutter spoon on the fall, when the line’s slack. A fisherman must set the hook quickly, or he may miss the bass. Or, if the bait’s on the bottom, rip the lure up, and expect a strike when the bait falls back. This old tactic still is reliable for catching suspended bass. 877.314.1237 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // December 2023 21

Winter Bass Fishing

According to Denny Brauer, “Often Michael‘s state duringmuzzleloader the winter, a bass may not record move,shown more than buck here,1- to 1-1/2 feet to take a bait, but sonar scored just over forward-facing 195 solves that problem by pinpointing where the bass are.”

PLASTIC WORMS Often when you pinpoint bass concentrated in deep treetops and timber in the winter, you can drop a Texas-rigged 4-6 inch plastic worm on their tops to get the bass’s attention. Some deep, clear-lake anglers use a tactic called shaking. As the worms fall from limb to limb, they’ll shake their rod tips to give the worms a more lifelike action, using their trolling motors to move through the school of bass.

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More new tactics for catching winter bass are being learned each year. However, many of the old bassing strategies still work. Important Information *Denny Brauer https://www.bassfishinghof.com/inductee/denny-brauer https://www.facebook.com/dennybrauerangler/ *Paul Elias https://www.bassfishinghof.com/inductee/paul-elias *Humminbird https://humminbird.johnsonoutdoors.com/ *Brandon Palaniuk https://bmpfishing.com/ *Rapala https://www.rapala.com/ *Strike King https://www.strikeking.com/ *Kevin VanDam https://kevinvandam.com/ *VMC Hooks https://www.rapala.com/us_en/vmc/hooks

22 December 2023 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // 877.314.1237

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Winter Bass Fishing

Michael‘s state The secret to catching wintertime record bass ismuzzleloader to locate the fish first and buck here, then,shown use some of these avid anglers’ scored just over 195 techniques.

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877.314.1237 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // December 2023 23

BY NICK WILLIAMS

gifts Orvis Sling Pack

This pack is a great alternative to the traditional vest, with room for all of your tackle plus a bottle of water and a lunch. Tailor made for fly anglers, this pack features well-thought-out features such as an integrated tippet bar, nipper pocket, fly drying patch, and forceps slot.

Fly Fishing for Redeye Bass: An Adventure Across Southern Waters

Trout are a long way away from many deep-south fly anglers. Luckily, there is a little known group of black bass that thrive in the scenic “trout waters” throughout the southeast. If you’re ready for topwater blowups on scenic mountain streams, pick up a copy of this book. Written by Auburn geneticist and Native Fish Coalition Vice Chair Matthew Lewis, This book is the ultimate guide to redeye bass fishing.

Tenkara USA Rhodo

I’ve owned a lot of fishing rods, but it’s quite possible that the Rhodo is my favorite. Its collapsible design means that you can take it anywhere, even into remote backcountry. It’s a blast to catch sunfish and redeye bass on, but it’s got enough backbone to handle the occasional largemouth or spot as well. It’s an awesome truck or spare rod, as well as a great tool to teach younger anglers the art of fly fishing.

Loon Outdoors Core Fly Tying Kit

Catching a fish on a fly you tied yourself is extremely rewarding, but getting started tying can be intimidating and expensive. Luckily, Loon Outdoors has assembled a kit that includes some well made essentials marketed at an affordable price. This is the perfect gift to give new tiers, or experienced ones who are looking to upgrade their toolkit.

Calico Fly Fishing Coosa Rod

A 9’, 5wt rod is a classic “do-all” fly rod. This fast-taper, high-modulus graphite rod with double-locking reel seat and half wells grip doesn’t just catch fish…it also benefits conservation efforts. 10% of profits from the Coosa 5wt and 6wt sales go directly to Coosa Riverkeeper, helping to keep one of Alabama’s most beautiful and biodiverse rivers clean for future generations.

24 December 2023 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // 877.314.1237

NEW & COOL GEAR FOR OUTDOORSMEN

Daiwa One-Touch Landing Net

Landing nets are awesome when you’re using them, but a hassle when you aren’t. This folding option by Daiwa is there when you need it, and out of the way when you aren’t. Simply pull it out of its pouch to use it, and fold it back up with a twist when you’re done.

DeLorme Atlas and Gazetteer

“Blue-lining,” or fishing small, unnamed creeks and streams, is a great way to find unpressured, scenic fly fishing waters. While there are many good scouting and mapping apps available on your smartphone, there’s no substitute for a good-quality map when you’re exploring back roads. DeLorme maps are the standard, and combine good detail and accuracy with helpful additional information such as boat ramp and park locations.

Loon Outdoors Line Up Fly Cleaning Kit

Keeping your fly line clean will improve its performance and longevity. This kit from Loon Outdoors makes it simple to keep your fly lines in tip-top working condition.

Dr. Slick Scissor Clamps

This tool combines two essential accessories: hemostats and line nippers, into one. The scissors work awesome for snipping tippet, and the hemostats are strong but small enough to easily fit into fishs’ mouths to retrieve deep-hooked flies. As a bonus, you also get a hook eye cleaner and a flathead screwdriver. If only they incorporated a bottle opener as well…

Korkers Dark Horse Wading Boots

Felt soles are awesome once you’re in a rocky river, but treacherous on the bank. Korkers solves this problem with their clever footwear that allows you to swap outsoles on-the-fly. Wear rubber on the trail, and felt or studded soles once you’re wading. Their Dark Horse model combines this feature with BOA laces, allowing you to quickly and easily snug-up your boots or take them off with the press of a button.

Guided Fishing Trip

A guide can do more than just put you on fish for a day. They can also teach you a lot about local river conditions and characteristics, let you try new gear, and teach you casting and fishing techniques. In Alabama, East Alabama Fly Fishing, Fly Fishing Alabama, Riverside Fly Shop, and Calico Fly Fishing are just a few services that can provide you with an awesome day of fishing and camaraderie on some of the most beautiful and biodiverse waterways in the country.

877.314.1237 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // December 2023 25

The dual sided design of a box blade allows you to operate in forward or reverse with this extremely versatile.

Box Blades For Tractors

BY JOE BAYA

26 December 2023 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // 877.314.1237

LIFESTYLE When it comes to tractor implements, a box blade is one of the most versatile and essential tools any tractor owner can have in their arsenal. This comprehensive guide delves into the ins and outs of a box blade for tractors, shedding light on their utility, how they compare with other tractor attachments, and offering insights on the best choices for specific tractor sizes. Box blades tend to last a really long time when used properly, so it will pay off big time to know what to look for in various construction and design and also how to, and how not to use your box blade. Let’s have a look at what you need to know. WHAT IS A BOX BLADE USED FOR? A tractor box blade is arguably the first implement you should consider for purchase. Besides functioning as a compact counterbalance for working with your front-end loader, a box blade makes an excellent tool for grading roads, establishing firebreaks, and spreading aggregates like gravel or limestone on a driveway. While the versatility of the box blade is part of its value, there are alternative implements that do a better job of certain tasks. LAND PLANE VS BOX BLADE The land plane and the box blade have distinct designs and serve slightly different primary purposes. A land plane is a dual-bladed tool, and it typically has two long blades positioned in the middle and set at a slight angle. It might also include scarifiers in some designs, but they don’t have a boxy design. The land plane excels at finishing jobs. If you’ve got a rough or undulating surface, the land plane helps to smooth and level it. It’s particularly useful after primary grading or after heavy rains that may have eroded surfaces. Land planes are great for maintaining gravel driveways. They help spread the gravel evenly and fill in potholes. The land plane’s strengths lie in fine-leveling tasks because it doesn’t accumulate material between the blades, which ensures even leveling. It is also simple to use for those new to tractor implements. A box blade, as the name suggests, looks like a box and usually has front and rear scraping blades. In addition, it has scarifiers (or rippers) which can be adjusted to dig into the soil to a desired depth. It is more aggressive and is best used for grading tasks, cutting through hard surfaces, or leveling out larger inconsistencies in the terrain. If you need to spread material like soil, gravel, or sand evenly, the box blade is your go-to. It can carry material in its “box” and spread it out as it moves. It can also clear vegetation down to the soil, creating effective firebreaks. A box blade for tractors finds its strengths in versatility due to its scarifiers and dual blades. It can dig, grade, and spread material and is effective for both light and heavy-duty tasks. While there is some overlap in functionality, the choice between a land plane and a box blade often comes down to the specific task at hand. If the primary need is fine-leveling and smoothing, especially for driveways, a land plane is more suitable. On the other hand, for more aggressive tasks like grading, digging, and material spreading, a box blade is the better choice. Understanding the nuances of each tool, you may find that you need both, but if I could only choose one, it would be the box blade unless the only thing I was doing was maintaining an existing driveway. BOX BLADE VS GRADER BLADE While they might appear to serve similar functions, there are distinct differences in design and application of the box blade and the grader blade (also known as a back blade). A grader blade, often referred to simply as a “blade,” is a single long blade that can be adjusted to various angles relative to the direction of the tractor’s movement. Some models offer the capability of tilting the blade, allowing for more intricate grading maneuvers. The grader blade is superb for tasks like maintaining roads or driveways, smoothing out surfaces after tilling, or redistributing material along a slope. In many settings, grader blades are used to clear snow

from roads and driveways. By setting the blade at an angle, you can create shallow ditches or water runoffs. If you’re working on tasks that require moving, spreading, and leveling substantial amounts of material, or breaking up compacted soil, a box blade is your best choice. However, if you’re maintaining roads, driveways, or looking for precision grading and shaping of landscapes, a grader blade will serve you better. CHOOSING A BOX BLADE SIZE FOR YOUR TRACTOR I wanted to know more about how to size a box blade as well as what to look for in their construction, and who better to give me those answers than the experts who answer those questions every day? Homestead Implements designs and manufactures box blades, land planes, and back blades along with other 3-point implements and front-end loader attachments right here in the USA. I recently spoke to Homestead’s Travis Hoyt to learn more about sizing a box blade and what to look for in their construction. Homestead Implements designs 4ft box blades as well 5ft, 6ft, and 7ft models. With many different sizes available, is bigger better? Here’s what Travis had to say, “So the biggest thing for choosing a size would be making sure that it fits outside of the width of your tractor. Because if you’re not covering your tracks, you’re not using it to the fullest potential. You want to make sure that you can cover your tracks to use it, but you also don’t want to go too large where when you start to fill up the box with material you start to bog down and stall and you can’t actually pull the material you’re working with.” ANALYZING A BOX BLADE FOR SALE When inspecting a box blade for sale, there are several areas to inspect in both design and construction. “So there’s a few things that you really want to look for. The first thing that most people don’t really look at is the material. Is it a hardened carbon steel? “Also things like gussets are super helpful because they strengthen your box blade in critical areas with your box typically you’ll see triangular gussets in the corners to add extra strength. So when you’re pulling heavier material, it keeps the rigidity of the strength of the box. You also can have them in places like behind the ripper shank. So if you’re using it and you catch a root, the ripper shank isn’t going to pull through the box blade. It’s actually going to stop it and allow it to actually shear the way it’s supposed to protect your tractor.” BOX BLADE RIPPERS AND CUTTING EDGES Another consideration is the scarifiers or rippers. “With ripper shanks a lot of times you may not think you need them but a lot of times you may need them down the road. With a higher-end box blade, they come with the ripper shanks for you to use at that point. Another thing you want to think about is the cutting blades. Make sure you have the type of cutting blades that are high carbon heat treated, reversible, and replaceable” This will allow you to work in both forward and reverse and allow you to replace blades as they wear over time. BOX BLADE EXTRAS Box blades are notoriously heavy, and for some reason whenever I get out the heavy equipment and start doing the sweaty work around my place, my help tends to disappear. For that reason, you may eventually want to upgrade your tractor to many of the quick hitch systems that allow you to quickly change implements without any help. Make sure your implement is quick hitch compatible, even if you don’t currently have a quick hitch. Given enough time behind the wheel, it’s likely you’ll want to upgrade. HOW TO USE A BOX BLADE A box blade is a versatile implement, but knowing how to use it correctly is crucial for achieving optimal results and ensuring safety. Let’s explore these aspects in detail:

877.314.1237 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // December 2023 27

Box Blades For Tractors

Box blades are perfect for more aggressive tasks like grading, digging, and material spreading.

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28 December 2023 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // 877.314.1237

Box Blades For Tractors

• • •

•

Attachment: Begin by securely attaching the box to your tractor, ensuring that all pins are in place and the implement is level. Adjust the Scarifiers: Depending on the depth you want to dig or grade, set the scarifiers. For breaking up hard soil, set them to dig deeper, but for light grading, you might not need them at all. Set the Blade Angle: For general grading, keep the blade level to the ground. For more specific tasks, like crowning a road, you will want to angle it using the tilt adjustment on your 3-point hitch. For more aggressive tasks, like busting through sod, you will want to adjust your top link shorter so that your teeth will dig in more. Start Slow: Especially if you’re new to using this type of implement, start at a slower tractor speed until you get the feel of the implement.

HOW TO USE A BOX BLADE ON A GRAVEL DRIVEWAY • Check the Driveway: Identify potholes, uneven areas, and sections where the gravel has been pushed to the side. • Set the Scarifiers: If you need to break up compacted areas, adjust the scarifiers to a shallow depth. • Begin Grading: Move slowly down the driveway, allowing the box blade to pull gravel from the high spots and deposit it in the low spots. • Cross Grading: To ensure an even surface, make multiple passes in different directions, if necessary. • Smooth the Surface: Finish by making a pass without the scarifiers, allowing the rear blade to smooth out the surface. HOW TO USE A BOX BLADE TO LEVEL GROUND • Inspect the Area: Identify high spots, depressions, or debris in the area. • Deep Leveling: If the ground is uneven, use the scarifiers to break it up and move soil from elevated areas to fill in depressions. • Shallow Leveling: Once the major inconsistencies are addressed,

•

make additional passes without the scarifiers, using only the blades to fine-tune and smooth the surface. Compact the Soil: After leveling, you might want to use a roller or other compaction tool to ensure the ground is stable.

HOW NOT TO USE A BOX BLADE • Avoid High Speeds: Moving too quickly can result in uneven grading and might damage the implement or the tractor. • Don’t Force It: If it isn’t cutting or leveling as expected, avoid forcing it deeper by adding weight or pushing it down. Instead, adjust the scarifiers or blade angle. • Steer Clear of Obstacles: Underground obstacles like rocks or tree roots can damage the scarifiers or blades. Be sure to clear the area as much as possible beforehand. • Not for Trenching: They are not designed for digging deep trenches. For such tasks, use specialized implements. • Regular Maintenance: Not maintaining the box blade, like ensuring its blades are sharp and all parts are in good condition, can lead to inefficient operation and potential damage. BOX BLADE FINAL SAY A box blade, when used with knowledge and precision, can be one of the most indispensable tools in a land manager’s arsenal. Its use in a variety of applications, from driveway maintenance to land leveling to firebreaks, exemplifies its versatility. However, like all tools, its efficacy lies in the hands of its operator. By understanding the nuances of its operation, recognizing its strengths, and being aware of common missteps, one can truly harness the full potential of this implement. As with all machinery, regular maintenance and safety precautions are paramount. With proper attention paid to construction and design, an operator can choose a box blade that can serve its purpose effectively, ensuring many years of hard use.

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877.314.1237 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // December 2023 29

Make sure to get your New Mexico deer license to go along with your mule deer tag.

30 December 2023 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // 877.314.1237

HUNTING

New Mexico Mule Deer Hunts A Traveler’s Guide BY NICK WILLIAMS

New Mexico mule deer hunting can be a rewarding and challenging experience. The state is nationally recognized for its healthy population and its diverse habitats. In New Mexico, hunters can pursue trophy mule deer across the mountains, prairies, deserts, and forests. These environments are beautiful and exhilarating backdrops for the pursuit of game. In a way it’s the perfect introduction to western hunting for hunters who grew up hunting whitetails east of the Mississippi River. A mule deer is still a deer, after all, so there’s a certain sense of familiarity. Hunters used to scouting ahead of time and then posting up somewhere to ambush a buck as it goes about its daily routine can be successful using those tactics. But chasing them across the mountains and canyons also gives eastern hunters the chance to hone spot-and-stalk techniques that will be key to success as they continue to hunt western game animals. This guide will provide you with all the information you need to plan and execute a successful mule deer hunting trip in New Mexico. From seasons and draw dates, to outfitters and must-have gear, we will cover all the essential aspects of mule deer hunting in this beautiful southwestern state. MULE DEER IN NEW MEXICO FACTS Mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) are a species of deer native throughout western America, including New Mexico. They are medium-sized deer with large ears resembling those of a mule, giving them their name. Bucks typically weigh between 150 to 300 pounds, while does are somewhat smaller. Mule deer have a brownish-gray coat with a white patch on their rump, which is referred to as a “flag.” Mule deer in New Mexico inhabit a wide range of habitats, including forests, mountains, deserts, and shrublands. They are herbivores and primarily feed on vegetation such as grasses, shrubs, leaves, twigs, and forbs. Mule deer are known for their keen senses, particularly their exceptional hearing and vision. They are often cautious and alert, making them challenging to approach. New Mexico State Record Mule Deer The largest mulie taken from New Mexico that is formally recognized by the Boone & Crockett organization was

877.314.1237 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // December 2023 31

New Mexico Mule Deer Hunts – A Traveler’s Guide

New Mexico provides ample opportunities for mulie hunting on public lands. a 213 4/8” behemoth taken from Rio Aribba County. This incredible animal is the 9th largest mule deer ever recorded by the organization. New Mexico Mule Deer Hunts It is important to note that hunting regulations can change from season to season so it is important to refer to the State’s Wildlife Division to keep up to date with all current regulations. In New Mexico, you can find that information here. Public Land Mule Deer Hunts New Mexico provides ample opportunities for mulie hunting on public lands. State-owned properties, such as national forests, wildlife management areas, and BLM lands, offer access to diverse habitats and ample hunting opportunities. Hunters can apply for specific hunting units and seasons through the state’s draw system. Private Land Mule Deer Hunts In addition to public land hunts, New Mexico offers limited private land hunting opportunities for mule deer. Private land hunts often require landowner permission, and hunters can either secure access on their own or through reputable outfitters. New Mexico Trophy Mule Deer Hunts New Mexico is well-known for its trophy mule deer hunting opportunities, with many hunters seeking to harvest a buck with exceptional size and quality. Some areas in New Mexico have a reputation for producing exceptional trophy mule deer. A guide or outfitter with experience in trophy antelope hunting can help you identify potential harvests and 32 December 2023 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // 877.314.1237

navigate the terrain. They may also have access to private land with high trophy potential. If you’re looking to narrow in on a particular part of the state known for producing quality bucks consistently, we’d advise investigating Rio Arriba county. Out of the top 10 mule deer recognized by Boone & Crockett, 9 came from this county. MULE DEER SEASON IN NEW MEXICO The mule deer hunting season in New Mexico typically runs from the first of September to the end of January, with specific dates varying by hunting unit and hunting method. It is important to carefully review the hunting regulations and season dates for the specific hunting zone and method you plan to use before your trip. Keep in mind that hunting season dates and regulations may be subject to change from year to year, so always check the most current information provided by the New Mexico Department of Game and Fish. Draw Odds The odds of getting drawn for a mule deer hunt in New Mexico can vary significantly depending on several factors, including the specific hunt unit, season, weapon type, and the number of applicants for that particular hunt. It’s also important to note that the draw odds are subject to change from year to year based on the number of available tags and the number of applicants. The draw odds for mule deer hunts in New Mexico can range from highly competitive to relatively more accessible, depending on various factors. New Mexico also offers over-the-counter (OTC) tags for some zones.

New Mexico Mule Deer Hunts – A Traveler’s Guide

To get accurate and up-to-date draw odds for specific mule deer hunts in New Mexico, it’s recommended to consult the official website of the New Mexico Department of Game and Fish or contact their customer service directly. They can provide the most current information regarding draw odds, tag availability, and any recent changes to the draw system or regulations. License Cost At the time of writing, an out-of-state New Mexico deer license, which covers mule deer, costs between $283-$386, depending on the specific license. This does not include additional expenses that may be incurred if a hunter desires to apply for a tag in a particular area. Be advised that regulations change from year to year, and that it is always strongly recommended to refer directly to state game agencies when deciding which licenses and tags you need for your particular hunt. NEW MEXICO MULE DEER OUTFITTERS New Mexico offers a variety of outfitters that specialize in mule deer hunting. Mallard Bay is a great resource for finding outfitters to consider when planning your New Mexico mule deer hunting trip. MULE DEER HUNTING GEAR When hunting mulie in New Mexico, it’s important to have the right gear to ensure a successful and enjoyable experience. Here’s a list of essential gear you may need: Hunting Rifle or Bow: Choose a reliable and accurate rifle or bow suited to your shooting ability and personal preference. Ensure you practice with your chosen weapon and become proficient before your hunt. Ammunition or Arrows: Carry an appropriate amount of ammunition or arrows for your rifle or bow. It’s advisable to bring extra rounds or arrows in case of unexpected circumstances.

ensure your safety while navigating the wilderness. Food and Water: Carry ample food and water to sustain yourself during the hunt, particularly if planning for long days in the field. Survival Gear: Pack essential survival gear, including fire-starting tools, emergency shelter, a signaling device, and a multi-tool. License and Tags: Ensure you have the appropriate hunting license and mule deer tags required for New Mexico Keep these documents easily accessible. Personal Items: Bring personal items such as sunscreen, insect repellent, a map or GPS device, a camera, binocular harness, and any medication or personal necessities. Best Caliber For Species The nice thing about hunting mulies is that if you already hunt whitetail deer, you have a gun that is capable of harvesting them. Popular calibers for general deer hunting include .270 Winchester, .308 Winchester, 7mm Remington Magnum, and .30-06 Springfield. If you have several deer guns, bring whichever one is set up for making longer distance shots, since mule deer frequently inhabit more open areas than their eastern cousin. FINAL THOUGHTS New Mexico is one of the top states for mule deer hunting in North America. As with most types of Western hunting, there are a lot of details to consider. From obtaining the necessary licenses and permits to scouting locations and selecting the right gear and outfitters, this guide has covered all the essential aspects of mule deer hunting in New Mexico. If you’re heading out after big ole “mulies” this season, remember to get your body in good condition well before your hunt and spend a lot of time at the range! If you put in the effort, you will be rewarded!

Optics: Invest in quality binoculars and/or a spotting scope to aid in glassing and identifying mule deer at a distance. Look for optics with good magnification and clarity. Range Finder: A range finder helps you accurately determine the distance to your target, which is crucial for making ethical shots, particularly with a bow. Clothing: Dress in layers to accommodate varying weather conditions. Consider lightweight and breathable baselayer tops and bottoms, insulating mid-layers, and a waterproof and windproof outer layer. Don’t forget to wear appropriate camouflage patterns that blend with the local terrain, which can vary depending on what part of New Mexico you go to.

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Hunting Boots: Choose durable and comfortable boots suitable for rugged terrain. Look for boots with good ankle support, waterproofing, and insulation if hunting in colder conditions. Backpack: Carry a backpack large enough to hold essential gear and supplies. Look for one with organizational compartments, a hydration system, and comfortable shoulder and waist straps. A good frame back with an expanding storage compartment to accommodate game quarters is recommended.

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Game Bags: Carry lightweight and breathable game bags for field dressing and packing out your deer. These bags help protect the meat from dirt and insects while allowing airflow. Field Dressing Kit: Pack a field dressing kit, including a sharp knife or knives, bone saw, gutting gloves, and other necessary tools for field dressing and processing the animal.

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Personal Safety Equipment: Consider carrying a reliable headlamp or flashlight, a whistle, a compass or GPS device, and a first aid kit to

visit us at www.pureflats.com 877.314.1237 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // December 2023 33

Pond Weed Killer Options for Your Water BY JOE BAYA

34 December 2023 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // 877.314.1237

FISHING Navigating through the myriad of options available in the market for pond weed killers can be a daunting task for pond owners looking to maintain a healthy and aesthetically pleasing aquatic environment. The plethora of products, each boasting unique features, and specifications, make the choice anything but straightforward. Whether you are grappling with stubborn submerged weeds, striving to control emergent vegetation, or looking for an eco-friendly solution, this guide sheds light on the various types of pond weed killers and pond weed control measures you can use, their application, effectiveness, and environmental impact. By delving into the critical aspects to consider and addressing common queries, we aim to streamline your pond weed control process and help you reclaim the balance of your pond. WHAT CAUSES EXCESSIVE POND WEEDS? Excessive pond weeds can be a source of major concern, and their proliferation can be attributed to several factors. Understanding these factors is crucial to implementing effective control measures. Agricultural and residential runoff rich in nutrients, particularly phosphorus and nitrogen, can lead to eutrophication, which fuels the growth of pond weeds and algae. Shallow ponds or areas within ponds that receive more sunlight can facilitate the photosynthesis and growth of aquatic plants, including weeds. Stagnant or slowly moving water can promote the accumulation of nutrients and foster the rapid growth of weeds. The accumulation of organic sediment at the bottom of the pond can create a fertile ground for weed seeds to germinate and grow. The introduction of non-native or invasive plant species can outcompete native plants, leading to uncontrolled growth and dominance. Warm, sunny, and calm weather conditions are favorable for weed growth, especially when coupled with ample nutrient availability. Neglecting regular pond maintenance, such as periodic removal of weeds and managing nutrient levels, can result in overgrowth. Addressing these causes through preventative and control measures such as proper nutrient management, maintaining optimal water depth and circulation, biological control, and regular maintenance, can help in managing excessive pond weed growth effectively. POND WEED CONTROL WITHOUT AQUATIC HERBICIDE Controlling pond weeds without the use of aquatic herbicides is a holistic approach, focusing on methods that aim to maintain a balanced ecosystem. If you’re in the southeast, a great resource for pond weed control is Southeastern Pond Management. They offer a 100% control guarantee which means that they will eliminate all existing vegetation, regardless of the number of applications required. They provide a cost quote, and that is all you pay, whether it takes 2 applications or 10! They offer pond weed control with and without the use of herbicides which depend on your pond’s unique situation. Here are several strategies that can be used for managing pond weeds without relying on chemical solutions:

and lakes, many states restrict the sale and use of diploid fish. To avoid the potential for escaped fish to enter large river systems and possibly reproduce, many states require the use of sterile triploid (3 sets of chromosomes) grass carp. ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL OF POND WEEDS There are many ways that you can manage the environment of your pond to prevent and control aquatic weeds. Managing nutrient input by controlling runoff and using buffer strips can reduce weed growth. Planting trees or adding structures that block sunlight can inhibit the growth of sunlight-dependent weeds. Adjusting water levels seasonally can disrupt the life cycle of aquatic weeds. Pond design and maintenance can also play into weed control. Designing ponds with steep banks and adequate depth can deter weed establishment. Encouraging the growth of native aquatic plants that compete with weeds for nutrients can help maintain balance. Diffused aeration systems can increase oxygen levels and improve water circulation, creating an environment less conducive to weed growth. Periodic removal of accumulated organic sediments reduces the nutrient-rich substrate in which weeds grow. Controlling pond weeds without chemicals involves a combination of mechanical, biological, environmental, and preventive strategies. While these methods can be labor-intensive and may require ongoing effort, they contribute to the overall health and balance of the aquatic ecosystem. Regular monitoring and timely intervention are crucial to ensuring the success of these non-chemical control measures. AQUATIC HERBICIDE OPTIONS The presence of unwarranted vegetation can upset the ecological balance of a pond, necessitating informed intervention. In this section, we delve into a spectrum of aquatic herbicides, each characterized by distinct properties, modes of action, and suitability for different types of weeds and pond environments. From contact to systemic herbicides, selective to non-selective, we dissect the myriad options, aiding you in discerning the most apt solution tailored to your pond’s specific needs and ensuring the preservation of its delicate ecosystem. DIQUAT AQUATIC HERBICIDE Diquat is a well-known, fast-acting contact herbicide used in the management of a variety of aquatic weeds. It’s highly effective for controlling submerged, floating, and emergent weeds in ponds, lakes, and other water bodies. Diquat acts by interfering with the process of photosynthesis within the plant cells. It quickly penetrates the plant tissues, disrupting the energy production of the plant, leading to the generation of highly reactive compounds which damage the plant cell membranes. This rapid mode of action leads to the visible wilting, yellowing, and eventual death of the treated plants within days.

POND WEED REMOVAL THROUGH MECHANICAL AND BIOLOGICAL CONTROL Suitable for small ponds or light infestations, physically removing the weeds through hand pulling can be effective, especially when done consistently. Specialized aquatic rakes can help gather and remove floating and submerged weeds. Underwater weed cutters can be used for denser infestations, followed by the removal of the cut vegetation. Last are benthic barriers, these are lake-bottom barriers that inhibit weed growth by blocking sunlight.

Proper dosage is essential, and it usually depends on the type and density of the weeds being treated. Early application, when weeds are actively growing, yields better results. Diquat is typically applied through spraying. The herbicide needs to make contact with the foliage of the plant, ensuring better absorption. Sometimes, Diquat is used in combination with other herbicides to enhance the spectrum of control and manage a broader range of weed species. Diquat is effective against a variety of aquatic weeds, including duckweed, pondweed, hydrilla, coontail, and milfoil, making it a versatile choice for many pond owners.

TRIPLOID GRASS CARP FOR PONDS Stocking the pond with grass carp, a herbivorous fish species can help control certain aquatic weeds as they feed on them. Grass carp can offer a long-term method of vegetation control at a relatively low cost; particularly if the problem weed is one of the fish’s preferred plants. Grass carp should be stocked at a rate of 25 to 30 per vegetated acre and when they are about 8 to 12 inches in length to avoid predation by bass. They typically grow quickly and achieve very large sizes, often exceeding 50 pounds. They feed most efficiently when they are young and therefore should be restocked every few years. Grass carp will not reproduce in a pond environment. Even though grass carp do not reproduce in ponds

Diquat is quickly deactivated upon contact with soil and sediment, reducing its risk to the environment. While Diquat is relatively safe, it’s important to follow labeled guidelines to minimize impact on fish and other aquatic organisms. There may be restrictions on the use of treated water for irrigation, drinking, and recreational activities, so it is important to refer to the product label for guidance. Users must follow safety precautions outlined on the label, including wearing protective clothing and avoiding drift to non-target areas, to ensure the safe handling and application of Diquat. Diquat Aquatic Herbicide offers a reliable solution for controlling a multitude of aquatic weeds. Its fast-acting nature, versatility, and relatively low environmental impact make it a popular choice among pond 877.314.1237 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // December 2023 35

Pond Weed Killer Options for Your Water

managers. However, appropriate application, adherence to guidelines, and consideration of environmental and safety factors are essential for optimizing its efficacy and minimizing risks. AQUATIC HERBICIDES SAFE FOR FISH Maintaining a balanced aquatic environment while controlling invasive weeds is crucial for the wellbeing of the fish population in a pond or lake. Fortunately, several aquatic herbicides are deemed safe for fish when used according to label instructions. Here is an overview of some of the herbicides that are generally considered safe for fish:

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1. Fluridone • Brand Names: Sonar, Avast! • Target Weeds: Effective against a broad spectrum of submerged weeds like hydrilla, duckweed, and Eurasian watermilfoil. • Usage: It’s a systemic herbicide that needs to be applied early in the growing season, with treatment levels maintained for several weeks. • Fish Safety: Considered safe for fish when used according to label guidelines. 2. 2,4-D • Brand Names: Navigate, Weedar 64 • Target Weeds: Primarily used against emergent and floating-leaf weeds such as water lilies and Eurasian watermilfoil. • Usage: Applied as granules or liquid, it acts systemically to kill the entire plant. • Fish Safety: Generally safe for fish at recommended application rates. 3. Glyphosate • Brand Names: Rodeo, Aquaneat • Target Weeds: Effective against emergent vegetation like cattails and reed grass. • Usage: Glyphosate is a non-selective, systemic herbicide applied to the foliage of the plants. • Fish Safety: When used as directed, it poses minimal risk to fish.

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4. Triclopyr • Brand Names: Renovate, Navitrol • Target Weeds: Used for controlling woody plants and broadleaf weeds such as water lilies and Eurasian watermilfoil. • Usage: Triclopyr is a systemic herbicide and is typically applied as a liquid spray. • Fish Safety: Considered to be low-risk for fish when applied according to label instructions.

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5. Cutrine-Plus • Active Ingredient: Copper Ethanolamine Complex • Target Weeds: Effective against algae, chara, and other filamentous species. • Usage: Available in granular and liquid forms and acts as a contact algaecide and herbicide. • Fish Safety: Safe for fish at labeled rates, but application rates should be adjusted in waters with high alkalinity.

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While several aquatic herbicides are considered safe for fish, it is imperative to use them judiciously, adhere to label recommendations, and monitor aquatic health. POND WEED KILLER CONCLUSIONS As you can see, there are many options for managing pond weeds. Some require a complex understanding of aquatic vegetation and the various herbicide chemistries that will effectively control them, others require rolling up your pant legs and sweating. No matter which route you decide to go, adopting a holistic approach and seeking professional advice can further ensure the well-being of the fish population and the overall aquatic ecosystem and create a pond environment that will not only be healthy but aesthetically pleasing as well.

36 December 2023 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // 877.314.1237

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Rut timing guides deer calling strategies, emphasizing the importance of aligning your approach with the specific rut phase to maximize your hunting success. 38 December 2023 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // 877.314.1237

HUNTING

Calling In A Deer In All Rut Phases BY NICK WILLIAMS

For generations, the pursuit of deer has been both a time-honored tradition and a thrilling challenge for hunters. The heart-pounding moments of silence in the woods, the rustle of leaves underfoot, and the anticipation of a prized buck emerging into view create a unique and memorable experience. Yet, as any seasoned hunter will attest, successfully calling in a deer requires more than just luck—it demands knowledge, skill, and the understanding of deer behavior. In this article, we will delve into the art of calling deer, exploring the various calls and techniques that can help you become a more effective and ethical hunter this season. Whether you’re a novice eager to learn the basics or a seasoned hunter looking to refine your skills, our guide will equip you with the expertise needed to “talk the talk” in the deer woods. KNOWING WHEN TO CALL AT A DEER Knowing when to call at a deer is a crucial skill for any hunter, as it can greatly increase your chances of a successful hunt. Effective deer calling involves mimicking the sounds that deer make to communicate with each other, such as grunts, bleats, and rattling antlers. However, it’s equally important to understand when and why to use these calls to attract or lure in deer. Here are some key factors to consider when deciding when to call at a deer: RESEARCHING LOCAL DEER BEHAVIOR AND RUT TIMINGS Rut timing is a critical factor that greatly influences the effectiveness of calling strategies in deer hunting. The rut, or mating season, is a pivotal period when bucks undergo significant behavioral changes in their pursuit of does (female deer). Understanding how rut timing impacts calling tactics is essential for hunters looking to enhance their success.

calling tactics. In essence, rut timing guides deer calling strategies, emphasizing the importance of aligning your approach with the specific rut phase to maximize your hunting success. SELECTING APPROPRIATE HUNTING LOCATIONS Selecting the right hunting location when attempting to call deer is a pivotal aspect of a successful hunt. Your choice of hunting spots can significantly influence the effectiveness of your deer-calling strategy. To make the most of your hunting experience, start by scouting the area before your trip. Look for signs of deer activity, like tracks, droppings, rubs, and scrapes, which can offer insights into their habits and preferred travel routes. Focus on areas with fresh deer sign, such as recent tracks or active scrapes, as these indicate that deer are actively using the area. A call can draw deer in for a closer look, but it’s useless if used in an area that doesn’t hold deer. Always consider wind direction, positioning yourself downwind of where you expect deer to approach to avoid alerting them with your scent. It’s also vital to choose locations with cover and concealment. A deer that investigates a call only to see, hear, or smell a hunter will not be likely to fall for your ruse. TYPES OF DEER CALLS AND HOW TO USE THEM Deer calls mimic a wide variety of sounds that deer make to communicate with each other, such as grunts, bleats, and rattling antlers. Understanding the various types of deer calls and how to use them effectively is crucial for a successful hunt.

During the pre-rut phase, which typically occurs in early fall, bucks are still in bachelor groups and not actively chasing does. Consequently, deer are less responsive to rut-related calls like grunts and rattling, but soft social grunts can be useful for location purposes. The peak rut phase, taking place in late fall in most areas, but the early winter in a lot of the Deep South, is the most productive time for deer calling. Bucks are actively seeking does in estrus, making them highly responsive to various calls, including estrous doe bleats, aggressive buck grunts, and rattling antlers. This is when calling can be most effective. As the rut transitions into the post-rut phase, bucks may be less aggressive due to fatigue. Adjusting your calling strategy to include tending grunts and doe bleats, along with considering food sources, can be more successful during this period. Additionally, some regions experience a second rut during late winter to early spring, where some does come back into estrus. While similar to the peak rut, it’s generally less intense and requires adaptability in your

GRUNT CALLS Grunt calls find their prime utility during the rut, which is the deer mating season when bucks actively seek does for mating. Grunt calls come in various forms, such as handheld calls, mouth calls, and electronic calls, each offering slightly different user experienc877.314.1237 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // December 2023 39

Calling In A Deer

es to cater to hunters’ preferences and hunting conditions. The primary purpose of grunt calls is to communicate with deer, mimicking the sounds that bucks naturally produce. These calls serve multiple roles, including expressing interest in a doe, maintaining contact with a doe, or asserting dominance over other bucks. For hunters, the key application of grunt calls is to attract bucks. During the rut, when bucks are actively searching for does in estrus, the sound of a grunt can stir a buck’s curiosity or trigger a competitive response, drawing them closer to the source of the call. When using grunt calls, timing is crucial. They are most effective during the rut, which occurs in the fall, although the exact timing varies by geographic location. To effectively mimic buck behavior, hunters should start with soft, subtle grunts and then gradually increase the volume and frequency of the calls. Inserting short pauses between grunts can enhance the realism of the calling sequence. Observation is critical as well; if a nearby buck appears interested in the calls, it may approach cautiously, so hunters need to exercise patience and avoid overcalling, which can spook deer. SNORT WHEEZE CALLS Snort-wheeze calls are designed to mimic a specific and distinctive vocalization produced by dominant bucks during confrontations. The goal is to create a sound that closely resembles the aggression and authority conveyed by a buck’s snort-wheeze. These calls serve two primary purposes: provoking an aggressive response and attracting dominant bucks. Bucks employ snort-wheezes to challenge rival bucks, asserting their dominance and warning them away from receptive does. By simulating this sound, hunters aim to garner the attention of dominant bucks in the area, prompting them to investigate and potentially confront the source of the perceived challenge. It’s important to use snort-wheeze calls strategically, especially due to their confrontational nature, as some bucks may be deterred or become wary if they sense a potential challenge.

DOE BLEAT CALLS Doe bleat calls are designed to replicate the vocalizations of female deer, particularly does and fawns. These calls aim to mimic the high-pitched, whining sounds that female deer produce in various situations. Doe bleat calls are crafted with precision to closely resemble the tonal quality and pitch of real doe vocalizations. The primary purpose of using a doe bleat call is to attract bucks, especially during the rut, the deer mating season. Bucks are highly motivated to locate receptive does, and the sound of a doe bleat can signal the presence of a potential mate. Additionally, these calls can serve the purpose of reassurance, particularly when mimicking the sounds of does or fawns in distress. By replicating the vocalizations of a doe, these calls can have a calming and comforting effect on other deer in the vicinity.

RATTLING ANTLERS Rattling antlers are primarily used to replicate the sound of two bucks engaged in combat by clashing their antlers together. This technique, known as rattling, is employed to attract the interest of curious or competitive bucks, making it an essential part of a hunter’s strategy. The sound created by rattling antlers can range from subtle clicks to loud clashes, depending on the force and intensity applied.

They are most effective during the rut when bucks are actively seeking does in estrus, but they can be used throughout the hunting season. Starting with soft, subtle bleats and gradually increasing the volume and frequency is a common strategy. Paired with estrous doe scents, these doe estrous calls can be extremely effective.

By mimicking the sounds of bucks in conflict, hunters aim to provoke a competitive response or curiosity from nearby bucks, enticing them to investigate the source of the noise. Combining rattling with doe estrous scent and an estrous can call can enhance its appeal, creating a convincing scenario of competing bucks vying for a receptive doe.

40 December 2023 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // 877.314.1237

Calling In A Deer

CALLING IN A DEER: ADVANCED TECHNIQUES AND TIPS Advanced deer-calling techniques can significantly elevate the hunting game for experienced hunters. These techniques demand a deeper understanding of deer behavior and more advanced calling skills. First, consider sequence calling, where you combine various calls in a specific order to create a more convincing scenario, such as soft doe bleats followed by buck grunts and rattling to simulate a receptive doe with competing bucks. Another advanced technique is calling while still-hunting, which involves moving quietly through the woods and intermittently using deer calls. It’s especially effective for locating actively moving bucks during the rut. Creating mock scrapes and licking branches, using grunt snort-wheeze combos, adjusting call intensity to match the situation, and incorporating challenge calling can all be effective strategies. Additionally, scent trails and decoy use can enhance your calling setup. However, it’s essential to stay patient and adaptable, as advanced calling often requires more time and practice to master. FINAL THOUGHTS ON DEER CALLING When using deer calls, remember to start subtly and gradually increase the intensity and frequency of your calls. It’s essential to pay attention to your surroundings and the behavior of nearby deer to gauge their response. Also, practice patience and be prepared for periods of silence, as deer may not always respond immediately. Adapt your calling strategy based on the specific rut phase, weather conditions, and your observations of deer behavior in your hunting location. Mastery of these different types of deer calls and their proper use can greatly enhance your chances of a successful deer hunting experience.

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Recipe by Hank Shaw, Photo by Holly A. Heyser • https://honest-food.net

Slow Cooked Deer Shoulder

Prep: 20 mins • Cook: 5 hours • Total: 5 hrs 20 mins

Ingredients FOR THE POT • 1 large onion, sliced thinly root to tip • 1 head garlic, cloves peeled but whole • 2 teaspoons dried thyme • 1 1/2 cups broth or stock, any kind FOR THE DEER SHOULDER • 1 deer shoulder • 4 cloves garlic, cut into little batons • 3 tablespoons melted palm oil or peanut oil • Salt • 3 tablespoons Dijon mustard • 3 tablespoons ground cumin • 2 tablespoons freshly ground black pepper, or selim pepper TAMARIND KANI SAUCE • 1 tablespoon peanut oil • 1 small onion, chopped • 2 cloves garlic, chopped • 6 plum or paste tomatoes, chopped • 1 or 2 habanero or Scotch bonnet peppers, chopped • 1 bay leaf, crumbled • 3 tablespoons tamarind paste, seeds removed • 1 tablespoon sugar (optional) • 2 to 3 tablespoons Vietnamese or Thai fish sauce • Salt and black pepper to taste Instructions PREPPING THE ROASTING PAN 1. Line a roasting pan with lots of foil, overlapping so it’s reasonably watertight. You will need to completely wrap the deer shoulder, so have enough foil to do that. 2. Scatter the sliced onion and garlic cloves in the pan, then sprinkle with the thyme. Pour in the stock. PREPPING THE POT ROAST 1. Using a thin knife, stab the venison in various places and shove the batons of garlic inside. Coat the whole deer shoulder with the oil. Salt it well. Mix the mustard, cumin and black pepper together and smear this all over the deer shoulder, getting it into every crevice. 2. Seal up the shoulder and set in a 200F oven. Roast until tender, which should take at least 3 hours, and as many as 10. With normal deer, start checking after about 5 hours. You want the meat to lift off the bone easily. TAMARIND KANI SAUCE 1. If you’re making the sauce, do this while the venison cooks. Heat the peanut oil in a large pan over medium-high heat. Cook the chopped onion until translucent, but not browned, about 5 to 8 minutes, stirring often. Add the garlic and chopped habanero chiles and cook another minute. 2. Add the remaining sauce ingredients, mix well and simmer for about 15 minutes. Turn off the heat and puree in a blender. The sauce should be thick like ketchup. TO SERVE 1. To serve, give everyone some deer shoulder with some of the juices from the pot, stewed onions and garlic, and serve with the tamarind kani sauce on the side. Crusty bread, rice or sweet potato-plantain fritters are a good accompaniment. 877.314.1237 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // December 2023 41

MUD MOTOR KITS A Long Term Review BY NICK WILLIAMS

42 December 2023 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // 877.314.1237

HUNTING Several years ago, I got tired of tinkering with old Johnson and Evinrude 2-strokes. The ones that I could afford always had something that needed doing. The carb float would stick. The jets would clog. The water impeller would come apart. The points and condensers would need replacing. Every year, I’d spend a few weekends turning bolts or waiting on (increasingly hard to find) parts to come in instead of hunting and fishing. I’d often observe angrily to nobody in particular that if I wanted to fish, obviously the boat motor couldn’t be bothered to start. But the lawn mower? Turns over on the first pull, of course! Then I had an epiphany. Why not power my boat with a lawn mower engine? Or at least an air cooled, modern four stroke? They were inexpensive, parts were readily available and cheap, and everything that needed maintenance was easily accessible. I was familiar with the big, name brand mud motors like Go-Devil, Mud Buddy, and Beaver Tail, but those were overkill for both my little 14 footer and my wallet. I turned to the internet looking for build-it-yourself ideas, and found out that several manufacturers existed who offered kits that included the transom mount, shaft, handle, prop, and throttle controls. All you needed was some basic mechanical knowledge, a wrench, and a motor, and you were off to the races with a brand new boat motor for right at a grand. I killed probably a couple of hundred hours researching long tail mud motor kits, purchased one, built it, and used it for three seasons hunting and fishing Mobile Bay and the Mobile-Tensaw Delta. By the time I parted ways with mine, I had logged over 500 hours on it per the tachometer I installed. In this article, I’m going to tell you what I’d recommend looking for if you’re looking for an affordable and practical way to power your boat. FACTORS TO CONSIDER WHEN BUYING A LONG TAIL MUD MOTOR KIT Before you commit to buying a mud motor kit, you should know what these kits are not. They’re not fast. You’ll read about tweaking the shaft length and the importance of trimming your cargo weight and selecting a narrow hull. These things make very minor differences in top-end speed. At the end of the day, you’ll never touch the speed an similarly-sized outboard will give you. My 420cc (13hp) mud motor on a 1436 hull would give me about 20mph with just me and a light load in it. A 212cc (9.9hp) Mercury gives me the same speed with less weight and much less noise. These kits are also not for big boats. The biggest kit you’ll find is for a 670cc (22hp) v-twin motor. In my experience, and in talking with other users at the ramp, a 1648 hull is about as big of a boat as you can push without feeling a little underwhelmed. So if you’re looking to haul multiple hunters and lots of gear in a big, nice boat with a built-in blind, a cooler full of drinks, and a hunting dog, you’re barking up the wrong tree. Finally, long tail mud motors are not “nice” to use. They will vibrate your hand until it goes numb if you drive them for too long. They’re so loud that you really should wear ear protection (https://greatdaysoutdoors. com/shooting-ear-protection/) while operating them. They lack reverse and neutral gears (or any gears, for that matter). They’re a pain to turn in tight water, and a pain to trailer. You also have to find a way to strap that long tail down inside your boat when you’re going down the road, which will one day be more irritating than you think it will be. Where these motors shine is on the transoms of small, cheap, jon boats that are getting used hard by people who are on a budget and know that they are rough on gear. Me and my boat fit that criteria. If you do too, you’ll probably be happy with your purchase. BUILD QUALITY Once you’ve decided that you want to build a long tail kit, the first thing to look for is build quality. The nicest kit I’m aware of, by far, is the Backwater line of SWOMP kits. I have had the chance to examine several Backwater kits up close at the ramp after duck hunting, and their build quality is impeccable. They’re US-made, use better metal, have better 877.314.1237 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // December 2023 43

Mud Motor Kit Building Guide

welds, and are just really well designed. They have much less “shake, rattle, and roll” than some of the cheaper overseas kits, but despite feeling much stouter they’re much lighter and more “refined” feeling. If you’ve got the budget, I’d strongly recommend Backwater. Another nice, US-made option for hunters powering smaller boats is the PPF Wood Duck Kit. They only make it to fit a 212cc motor, so it’s not for everybody, but if you’re looking for a super lightweight kit that you can take on and off a canoe or small jon boat, you won’t find a better alternative. While I have a lot of admiration for these kits, I didn’t spring for one. I went with a Swamprunner kit, which I regard along with Beaver Dam as a middleof-the-road option. These kits are made in Thailand, and are appreciably cheaper than American kits. Mine was perfectly functional, but had a very “third world” feel. Parts were cast instead of milled, the hardware was soft, and there were little downgrades for the sake of cutting cost such as wooden bushings that the shaft rode on. Cutting-edge metallurgy the frame wasn’t, but there was enough of whatever pot metal they used that it never broke. It was heavy though, and there was a noticeable flex in the handle. My biggest concern, although it never happened, was that the weight of the 8ft shaft would crack the cast crankcase side cover it was bolted to. If you shop around, you’ll notice that most American designs do brace this connection somehow. At the lowest end of the build quality spectrum, in my opinion, are the kits made by Mud Skipper. While they share the general design of most other Thai kits, the parts are thinner almost across the board. At the time that I purchased mine, there seemed to generally be more unfavorable user reviews of these floating around compared to the other import kits. But, to be fair, it looks like they’ve made some recent changes to their design, such as adding bracing to the shaft/crankcase joint. I would say that generally, build quality becomes more important the bigger your power source and hull. A 670cc motor pushing a large 16ft welded boat through mud puts a lot more stress on a frame than a little 212cc scooting a 12ft riveted boat across a beaver pond or down a shallow creek. ENGINE POWER AND SIZE The second consideration is engine size. Long tails are very heavy compared to outboard engines. They’re also much more torquey, and can put “weird” stress on a transom due to extreme vibration and the leverage the long handle and even longer shaft provide. All of this means that the horsepower rating your boat came with isn’t necessarily accurate. My boat, for example, was rated for a 25hp outboard. I put a 13hp long tail kit on it, and would not have wanted to go much higher. In general, roughly half of what your transom is rated for should give you good freeboard and maximum chance that you don’t develop a crack after a few hundred hours. CHOOSING THE BEST MUD MOTOR ENGINE Ultimately, the kit is only half of your mud motor. The engine is an equally important component. The kits themselves are relatively simple, problem-free hardware if treated right. But the engine…it can give you some problems. The “premium” engine choice for a kit would be either a Honda or a Briggs and Stratton Vanguard. The Vanguard 16 and 18hp engines in particular are popular since they’re American-made V-twins that have an excellent weightto-power ratio. If you’re getting a larger-sized kit, a v-twin gives you more horsepower and less vibration due to the two cylinders balancing each other out as opposed to a single-banger creating a “shakeweight” effect. You’ll also see Honda engines listed as “upgrades” on a lot of mud motor websites. But by far the most popular engines for mud motor kits are the Harbour Freight exclusive Predator engines. I powered my kit with one, and I have to say that I was really shocked at how well the motor ran at its price point. I put over 500 hours on it, and sold it to a local kid who I occasionally run into out on the river. It never gave me any problems, and if it’s given him any he hasn’t mentioned it. I bought a completely assembled spare carburetor for the engine for about $20 just in case it gave me issues, planning to simply replace it instead of rebuilding it, but I never needed it. I installed a cheap tachometer, changed the oil every 50 hours or so, and that was the extent of engine maintenance for 3 years. When I sold the motor it still had the original 44 December 2023 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // 877.314.1237

spark plug and air filter, and both were clean and in good shape. On my 1436, I had the 420cc, 13hp Predator. I would say that for a smaller boat, the 212cc would be a good fit. On a 1648, the largest I’d personally use a kit on, a 670cc would be appropriate. They didn’t have it when I purchased mine, but Harbor Freight also currently offers a 459cc, 16hp engine that has the same physical weight as my old 420cc. If I was going to do it all over again, I’d bump up to that engine to get a little better top-end speed with a hunting buddy and a full load in the boat. MY PERSONAL EXPERIENCE WITH A LONG TAIL MUD MOTOR With the basic information out of the way, I’ll give my personal review of the kit that I had. First, I’ll start with what I liked. I was happiest with my motor during teal season. During teal season I hunt a lot of places that are relatively close to the launch but very shallow and sandy. Getting out to my spot in the dark and having such a short distance to run, the slow top-end speed wasn’t a handicap. Even the guys in bigger, more expensive rigs ran pretty slow in the morning fog! I also enjoyed an advantage over those guys since my lighter boat drafted less water, and my motor would push my boat across the sand bars as long as I could keep most of the prop in the water. On sand, horsepower only does so much. It’s very, very hard to muscle your way through sand. Bigger motors could run easier than I could in true mud, but I watched several hunters get left aground on sandbars where I still had just enough water to slide out. The motor was also an excellent log hopper. With the prop eight feet behind the stern, I could apply power and adjust the angle I applied it at even when high-centered. I never once stuck it on a log, and I got pretty confident with it. As long as the nose of the boat would clear the top of the log, I could ease over it. This meant that I could get past jams that stopped a lot of other hunters and fishers and explore undisturbed parts of the creek. I was “satisfied enough” with the motor when using it to get to and from my deer stand. I liked being able to get up in remote creeks, but if I had to run more than 2 or 3 miles up river the slow pace was noticeable. The engine was also loud enough that I would kill it a couple of hundred yards away and troll into my spot, which took even more time. It wasn’t terrible, but I definitely found myself missing an outboard. But for the money, it was much faster than paddling or trying to use a trolling motor to power a canoe like some of my other budget-restrained buddies. I was least happy when using my motor to fish with my wife. Mainly because my wife did not find the roar and vibration to be very relaxing, and I could tell that it was diminishing the experience of being out on the water for her. I ended up mostly just using the trolling motor when we fished. I also never got over the hassle of not having reverse and neutral. A 14ft boat can turn around in some pretty narrow creeks, but a long tail turns that 14ft boat into a 24ft boat. That’s definitely something to consider if you run a lot of creeks or use a busy ramp. Ultimately, would I buy one again? If I hunted and fished a lot of shallow but open water, absolutely. But I eventually realized that most of my running was in 3ft of water or more, and that I spent more time in twisted creeks than open bays. Most importantly, I wanted my wife to enjoy the boat more. An outboard and a push pole ended up making more sense for me, but I haven’t ruled out one day owning another one. I really miss my old one every spring when I’m changing out the water pump and foot oil on the ole Merc’. FINAL THOUGHTS ON LONG TAIL MUD MOTOR KITS Overall, long tail mud motor kits are an affordable and very utilitarian way to power a hunting and fishing boat. If you’re looking for a cheap way to get out on the water to chase ducks or fish the flats, they will definitely do that thing. They won’t set any speed records, but they’ll run shallow and even the mechanically-inept can keep them running. Paired with a small aluminum jon boat, they make an awesome first boat for somebody who has grown tired of paddling to their duck hole or fishing from the bank. I made a lot of good memories in mine, and if you decide to get one I”m sure you will too!

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877.314.1237 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // December 2023 45

46 December 2023 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // 877.314.1237

HUNTING

Layering for Cold Weather BY NICK WILLIAMS Some of my most vivid childhood memories are of deer hunting with my dad when I was a kid. If I’m quiet, I can hear the shuffling of feet on dirty shag carpet in the bottom of a shooting house, and the crinkle of snack cake wrappers emerging from coat pockets. If I really focus, I can smell the mix of coffee poured from an old Aladdin-Stanley thermos and the smell of Copenhagen Long Cut Wintergreen. But, if I focus too hard, I also start to freeze my damn butt off! Preparing for cold weather back then basically consisted of wearing multiple, cotton, Mickey Mouse Sweatshirts and as many pairs of socks as I could wear and still fit into my rubber boots. As a result, I was usually damp and clammy at the beginning of a hunt, and almost unbearably cold by the end of it. Enough time has passed that I can laugh about it now, but it was no laughing matter at the time. After each frosty morning, I would make a mental note to wear more clothes next time. Surely, one more cotton sweatshirt and one more pair of cotton socks would have to help, right? It wasn’t until college that I started working in an outdoors store and got introduced to technical cold weather gear and the concept of layering. Fast forward to now, and I can honestly say that it’s been several years since I’ve been cold enough to be uncomfortable in the woods or on the water. And I hunt temps that my dad would never have taken me out in as a kid. THE BASICS OF LAYERING The secret to staying warm when the mercury starts to hide in the bottom of the thermometer is good layering. Basically, you want a base layer in contact with your skin to wick away any perspiration; a mid layer with high-loft insulation to create a pocket of “dead air” between your soft, warm body and the rest of the cold, unfeeling world; and a wind and rain-blocking shell to make sure that pocket stays cozy. If you combine these things intelligently, it’s shocking how warm you can stay with relatively little gear. The gear may seem expensive up front, but good gear lasts, and it will do more than almost anything else to keep you in the woods and on the water longer during peak hunting conditions. In this article, we’ll go over each component of a good layering system in detail. We’ll also devote an entire section to good footwear, since in my experience cold feet are one of the biggest

problems hunters face. Base Layers A comfortable day out in cold weather starts with a good base layer. Especially if you’re hunting or hiking, you will break a sweat. If you’re wearing cotton blend long johns, that material will lose the little bit of insulation ability it has and keep the moisture trapped against you. The result? Cold, clammy chills once you stop moving that nothing short of a hot meal and shower will cure. Synthetic long johns are also subpar. They’re a step up from cotton in that they don’t trap moisture, but they feel like garbage on your skin. The more you sweat, the more you feel like you’re wearing a plastic grocery bag. It’s a tough pill to swallow, but if you’re serious about staying warm there’s no substitute for wool undergarments. If you’ve never worn good merino or alpaca wool, it will shock you how much drier and warmer you stay. Wool traps a surprising amount of air thanks to its hollow fibers, even when wet. And good wool, in my experience, is one of the most pleasant fibers to have close to your skin. After I started acquiring a few pieces, I found myself wearing them year-round, because even in the hot and humid summer the breathability and comfort of wool makes it a fantastic material for outdoor use. Mid-Layer Insulation The purpose of the mid-layer is to build a buffer of dead air around your skin. For this, you want loft, or what my wife calls, “poofiness.” Nothing is quite as poofy as down. Waterfowl are small, fragile animals with high metabolisms that frequently inhabit some of the planet’s wettest and coldest environments, and as a result they possess nature’s finest insulation. When it comes down to warmth-to-weight ratio, nothing beats it, so obviously that’s what you want for your mid-layer right? Well, maybe. Pluck the down off of a duck, and it loses some of its magic. You see, down loses almost all of its insulating abilities if you get it wet. In addition to tiny, fluffy down feathers, ducks also come with built-in waterproofing oil glands that they use to cover their water-resistant outer feathers. If you’ve ever shot a duck and im877.314.1237 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // December 2023 47

Layering for Cold Weather

mediately gone to pluck it in the field, you may have noticed that it was bone dry underneath the outer feathers, despite having splashed down into the water. Over time, down also tends to compact itself, losing even more insulating ability. Ducks are experts in the care and maintenance of down. If you’ve ever watched a flock of ducks, you may have noticed that they are constantly preening themselves. They touch up their outer feathers with oil, rearrange and “fluff” their existing down, and (most impressively) effortlessly make new down to replace the stuff that gets dirty or broken down. All of this is second nature to a duck, but downright impossible for a human. “So what?” you ask. Well, get down wet or dirty, as you tend to do when playing outside, and it devolves from a super-material to a sack of wet, dead bird parts. Down doesn’t play nearly as well with water as wool does, and wool doesn’t have nearly as much r-value (a measure of insulative ability) as down does. If only there was a way to duplicate the best of both fibers… It took some great minds and the financial resources of the most powerful human organization the world has ever seen (the US Military) but we eventually got really, really close to that ideal. Created in the 1980s in order to replicate down’s warmth and packability and retain those features in wet environment’s, Primaloft is arguably one of the greatest innovations in the history of garment technology. It’s warm and light like down, but cheaper, easier to maintain, and (most importantly) performs much better when wet. The first Primaloft garment I ever owned was a Browning puffy (poofy) jacket. Coming from a world of fleece and cotton insulation, it seemed like straight-up witchcraft. I could fit the whole

thing inside a cargo pocket, but it was warmer than jackets weighing substantially more. I haven’t bought anything but Primaloft Gold and Primaloft Silver (Primalofts higher-end, more expensive insulation) garments since for insulating layers. It’s that good. Outer Layer Every outdoorsman is familiar with what meteorologists call “real-feel.” Wind and rain can make a cold morning feel even colder than it really is. A 30 degree morning can be pleasant. A 30 degree morning with a 10mph wind and a light drizzle can be absolutely unbearable. To combat wind and rain, you need a non-porous outer layer over your insulation. Gore-Tex is the industry standard, and most high-end outdoor clothing companies use some variation of their membrane for their outer-layers. Gore-Tex is a good product, but in this outdoorsman’s opinion, they fudge the truth a little by claiming to be waterproof, impervious to wind, and breathable. Such an animal just doesn’t exist. If it blocks moisture from getting in, it also blocks it from getting out, no matter what the marketing blurb on the tag says. Every Gore-Tex product I have ever owned has resulted in me getting wet in a hard rain. Years ago I learned about Rivers West garments from legendary Michigan whitetail hunter John Eberhart. Rivers West garments do not breathe, but when it’s howling wind and pouring rain, that’s not what matters. What matters is that you keep that nastiness off of you. If you choose your base and mid layer right, they’ll handle mitigating the damage trapped moisture produced by your body causes. COLD WEATHER ACCESSORIES In addition to good base, mid, and outer layers, a good cold-weather system consists of a few more pieces of equipment. The most important are something to cover your head, neck, and hands. Your brain eats up a disproportionate amount of your body’s energy requirements, and to get those resources up there you have a lot of blood vessels that run close to the surface with little in the way of body fat to protect them. The result? You lose a lot of heat through your neck and noggin. To combat this, I always pack a wool knit hat and merino wool neck gaiter when the temperatures drop. These items don’t weigh much or take up a lot of space, and they are easy to take off and shove in a pocket if I’m moving and need to shed garments.

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While the best way to keep your hands warm is to keep them in your pockets, that’s not always possible. For most outdoor purposes, I like a good pair of fingerless, wool gloves. These provide warmth even if they get damp, and don’t compromise my dexterity. COLD WEATHER FOOTWEAR Cold feet have probably ended more cold weather hunts than anything else. Your feet naturally have some circulation difficulties, and many hunters, particularly older or plumper ones, suffer circulation problems in their feet. This means they’re not pumping a lot of warm blood. Feet also have a relatively large amount of sweat glands, and it’s difficult to keep them dry on the walk in. The solution? First and foremost, good, wool socks. Remember, anytime moisture management is the goal, wool is the solution. Another tip I’ve learned is to wear light socks on the walk in if I’m

Layering for Cold Weather

doing a lot of walking, and change into heavier, drier socks once I’ve stopped moving. Some hunters prefer an insulated overboot that they pack in and deploy once they’re on stand. On another note, hands and feet often get noticeably cold first because your body has a built in survival instinct. If your core temperature drops even slightly, the vessels in your extremities start to constrict, reducing the amount of warm blood flowing out to them and returning chilled. In the grand scheme of things, it’s better to lose fingers and toes to frostbite than for your vital organs to stop functioning. With that in mind, if you keep your core temperature up (via good layering) you’ll be doing a lot to keep your toes warm as well. But the best tip I’ve learned over the years for keeping my feet warm is applying antiperspirant to them the night before and morning of a hunt. I learned this trick from a guy who worked in a walk-in freezer, and it really does wonders for cold feet, particularly if you have to wear rubber boots that trap perspiration. If I know the morning will be particularly cold, I’ll apply a scent free antiperspirant to my feet before I go to bed that night and put on a pair of cotton socks to sleep in. The next morning, I’ll change into light wool socks after reapplying it. Once I’m on stand, I’ll change into fresh socks that are a bit heavier. It’s a bit of work, but I’ve hunted down into the teens with uninsulated rubber boots using this trick, and have enjoyed warm, dry feet the entire time. MORE TIPS FOR COLD WEATHER LAYERING So far, we’ve mostly talked about gear, but gear is only half of the equation. Knowing when to add and subtract layers is equally as important if not more important than what materials you wear.

Staying warm starts at the house and in the truck. Whatever you do, do not put your insulating layers on at camp and wear them inside or in your heated truck. Wear your base layer, and keep other garments packed away in your backpack. Sure, you may get a little chilly hooking up trailers, packing gear, pumping gas, or opening gates. Deal with it. It’s only for a few moments, and the discomfort is nothing compared to several hours marinating in your own sweat later on. If you have a hike into your hunting spot, stay in your base layers. Even in temps as low as the teens, I’ll hike into an area in the dark in nothing but my base layers and maybe a fleece pullover. The first 5-10 minutes aren’t much fun, but after that you warm up and will stay warm until you’re in the blind or on stand. Once you start to notice the chill again, then you can put your insulation on. As far as your outer shell, if it’s not windy or raining, leave it off. Its job is to block wind and rain, and not to keep you warm. If neither of those conditions apply, all it’s doing is trapping moisture expelled by your skin as you sit there, eventually leaving you clammy. FINAL THOUGHTS ON LAYERING FOR COLD WEATHER Whether you’re getting ready for an all day whitetail rut sit, a wintertime backcountry backpacking trip, or a morning in the duck blind, understanding how to correctly layer for cold weather can be the difference between suffering through vs enjoying a frosty morning. A wise man once told me, “Son, there’s no such thing as bad weather. Just bad clothing.” If you haven’t made the investment in good, cold weather clothing, you’ll be amazed at how much more enjoyable they make outdoor activities.

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877.314.1237 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // December 2023 49

IMPROVING TURKEY HABITAT ON LEASED LAND What NOT to do BY JOE BAYA

50 December 2023 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // 877.314.1237

HUNTING As turkey season rolls around each year, do you find yourself hunting these birds on leased land? I know I do, and I’ve never felt like there was much that I could do to help turkeys thrive on my lease. Prescribed fire isn’t an option (or doesn’t seem to be, more on that later) and the timber management is out of my hands. I’ve always felt like “it just is what it is” but just recently I sat down with two of the foremost experts on Wild Turkey science, Dr. Will Gulsby of Auburn University and Dr. Michael Chamberlain of the University of Georgia, and learned some practices that you can start using immediately to help create new and improve existing turkey habitat on your lease. WHEN IMPROVING TURKEY HABITAT - LESS CAN BE MORE When it comes to land management, I’m always energized to get to work and start making a difference. But that industrious mentality can sometimes lead to negative effects for Wild Turkeys. “Bush hogging in May and June is a no-no,” said Dr. Chamberlain. “And the reason is in this part of the world, peak nest initiation [which would be when laying starts], is around the first week of April. It extends into the second week of April. So that pushes your hatch dates to the middle of May. So you’ve got one-week-old poults that are on the ground, and they’re using these early successional areas that are grassy. Think about a deer plot you planted in wheat, oats, Clover, or something like that back in the fall. It rolls around to May and the clover is green underneath but the wheat and oats are brown and senescent. It looks like hell, but that is the prime brood habitat. We see broods using that in every project. We have GPS-marked hens that will take those poults to those plots without fail.” And this isn’t just a hypothesis, this is backed up by research. “There’s a study that’s ongoing right now, up in Tennessee, with Dr. Craig Harper, and some others and they recently reported that during the past few years, they’ve lost about 12% of their nests due to mowing, “ Dr. Gulsby added. “If you think about it, an increase of 12% would be significant with the low nest success rates that we’re seeing.” So, save yourself some time and money later this Spring and stay off the brush hog. SHOULD I FEED WILD TURKEYS? When I’m on leased property, I typically see feeding occurring in some form or another under the goal of “benefiting wildlife”. It’s a noble goal, but is it misguided? Let’s hear what the research says. “So am I doing something positive by feeding in the spring and summer? Or am I doing something negative?” Chamberlain posed the question. “I usually start the answer to that question by just reminding people that turkeys are not adapted, nor should they be eating carbohydrates in the spring and summer. Their diet is strictly limited to plant material and insects. And the reason they’re doing that is because if you’re a poult, you’re trying to grow big fast, and you have to have protein to do that. You’re also molting your feathers constantly, you’re getting bigger and you’re growing new feathers, and you have to have protein to do that. And if you’re an adult, you’re also molting, you’re replacing every feather on your body during the summer and carbohydrates don’t support that, proteins do. So you’re, basically putting this food source on the landscape that is attractive to turkeys, and they’re going to come and eat it. And if you think about it from an energetic standpoint, they can go to a spot and gain energy quickly, and then they can move on to somewhere else. But the energy they’re gaining is not the way that their ecology works. What we see with broods is that they go to areas that are prey-rich, with lots of insects, and lots of succulent green vegetation, and they spend a lot of time there, and they revisit it. They may leave a spot today and come back three days later and use it for a day and then come back three days later and use it a day. And what they’re doing is taking bugs out of the environment and then they’re leaving, not exploiting all the resources in the environment. So turkeys do

this in general, they revisit places. So a feeder is not that behavior, think about it, you put a feeder out there and it spins corn on the ground twice a day, they’re not revisiting three days down the road, or five days down the road, they’re revisiting every day. And from a predator standpoint, you’re basically putting a bird in a situation where they’re predictable. And although there’s a lot we don’t understand about how that feeding could influence predation rates. My general response to people is, well, the bottom line is they’re not supposed to behave like that anyway, in the summer. So you’re putting a bird in the situation where they’re eating prey that they’re really not supposed to be eating, and they’re behaving in a way that they’re not really supposed to be behaving.” FEED FOR WILD TURKEYS - A PROBLEM IN MANY WAYS Along with the problems mentioned by Dr. Chamberlain with regards to feeding, another issue with feeding wild turkeys is Aflatoxin. Dr. Gulsby had this to add, “Some of the other concerns that I have about feeding is aflatoxin, which I think a lot of people have probably heard about. Corn, in particular, is a really good host for the fungus and it produces a toxin. There’s a really good Mississippi State study that came out a few years ago, where they use different sources of corn and they put it out in different types of feeders during different times of the year. Essentially what they found is during the summertime after four days, almost all of that corn was producing aflatoxin at the levels that are toxic to turkeys. After eight days, the numbers were just off the charts as far as the toxin concentration in that corn. It seems to be worse when the corn is placed on the ground. During the summertime, you’re gonna get aflatoxin growing on corn, regardless of what you try to do to mitigate that. If that aflatoxin doesn’t directly kill the hen, it could compromise her immune system. We know that that can happen with other species, but unfortunately, we really don’t have data so far to determine how much of that corn they’re actually consuming, and whether that’s enough to make them sick, or eventually result in mortality. One thing to point out, there was some research back 20 years ago showing that aflatoxins are particularly problematic for poults. The adults are a little more resistant, but it causes liver failure in poults.” The aflatoxin is not the only problem with attempting to feed turkeys, it’s what else you’re feeding. “There are two other things that I’d like folks to think about related to feeding during the summer when it comes to turkeys.” Dr. Gulsby pointed out. “One of those is we don’t have direct evidence related to Turkeys yet but there have been a couple of simulated quail illness studies that show lower nest success rates associated with those simulated quail nests when they’re in close proximity to a feeder. And to be more specific you’re seeing about half the rate of nest success with those simulated quail nests in fed versus unfed areas. The other thing that I like folks to think about is that there has been a good bit of research that has shown that the vast majority of corn that we feed isn’t being eaten by those target animals, primarily turkeys, and deer. In fact, we see this pretty consistent number across a lot of studies that show about 75 to 80% of the corn that’s being put out, is being consumed by nest predator species. Raccoons are oftentimes one of the top species that are responsible for that.” SO WHAT CAN WE DO TO CREATE THE BEST TURKEY HABITAT? As we’ve learned, a big part of turkey habitat management on leased land is to do nothing! That being said, there is still plenty you can do even on leased land. In next month’s issue of Great Days Outdoors, we’re going to learn what Dr. Chamberlain and Dr. Gulsby recommend that you do if you want to create the best turkey habitat on your lease. 877.314.1237 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // December 2023 51

Crappie Fishing Florida

5 Top Destinations BY NICK WILLIAMS

52 December 2023 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // 877.314.1237

FISHING Florida is not just about beaches and theme parks; it’s also a haven for freshwater fishing, especially when it comes to crappie. Known for their delicious taste and the fun challenge they offer, crappie have lured anglers to Florida’s lakes for years. In this article, we’re diving into the top 5 destinations in Florida where you can reel in a limit of slabs. Since Florida is also a popular family vacation destination, we’ve also included a few can’t-miss attractions near each lake so that you can keep any non-fishing friends and family entertained while you’re working a jig.

skills. Given these conditions, it’s not surprising that the lake is considered one of the best spots for crappie fishing in the state.

LAKE OKEECHOBEE Lake Okeechobee is one of the most famous lakes in the United States. It’s huge, covering about 730 square miles, which makes it the largest freshwater lake in Florida and the seventh largest in the U.S. The name “Okeechobee” actually comes from the Seminole Indian words “Oki” (water) and “Chubi” (big), so its name literally means “Big Water,” and it sure lives up to that!

RODMAN RESERVOIR Rodman Reservoir, also known as Rodman Dam or Lake Oklawaha, is located in North Central Florida near the town of Palatka. The reservoir was created in the late 1960s when the Ocklawaha River was dammed. It spans about 9,500 acres and has a reputation for being one of the best fishing spots in all of Florida, especially for crappie fishing.

The lake is located in southern Florida and is a critical part of the Florida Everglades system. Because of its large size, Lake Okeechobee has different areas that offer various types of fishing, not just crappie. But for crappie enthusiasts, the shallower areas around the edges of the lake are usually the best spots. These areas often have underwater vegetation, which makes them great hiding spots for crappie. Once you’re done fishing for the day, anglers can learn more about the history of the Seminole at the nearby Ah-Tah-Thi-Ki Museum, or stretch their legs on the Lake Okeechobee Scenic Trail. LAKE KISSIMMEE Lake Kissimmee is a beautiful spot located in Central Florida. It’s the third-largest lake in the state, covering an area of about 35,000 acres. This lake is part of the Kissimmee Chain of Lakes, which is a series of lakes connected by the Kissimmee River. The lake is about 40 miles south of Orlando, so it’s easily accessible for a day trip if you’re in that area. What makes Lake Kissimmee special for crappie fishing are its diverse habitats. You’ll find everything from submerged structures to plenty of underwater vegetation, which are ideal conditions for crappie to thrive. These little hideaways are where crappie like to hang out, making them easier for anglers to locate. Lake Kissimmee is also surrounded by a range of other attractions that make it an excellent destination for more than just fishing. One of the highlights is the Lake Kissimmee State Park, which features hiking trails, bird-watching opportunities, and even a cow camp where you can learn about Florida’s cowboy history. You might also enjoy a trip to Bok Tower Gardens, located in Lake Wales, not too far from Lake Kissimmee. This historic garden features a beautiful singing tower with carillon bells, tranquil gardens, and a stunning mansion called Pinewood Estate. It’s a peaceful place for those looking to escape the hustle and bustle. LAKE TALQUIN Lake Talquin is a man-made reservoir located just west of Florida’s capital city, Tallahassee. It was created in 1927 when the Jackson Bluff Dam was built on the Ochlockonee River. The lake spans approximately 8,800 acres and has a lot to offer in terms of fishing and outdoor activities. One of its standout features is its depth; unlike many Florida lakes that are quite shallow, Lake Talquin has deep channels, some reaching depths of up to 40 feet. These deep channels, along with the submerged timber, stumps, and vegetation, make Lake Talquin a prime location for crappie fishing. Crappie in this lake are often found around underwater structures, making it an exciting challenge for anglers who are looking to test their

The capital city of Florida, Tallahassee, is not too far away and offers a wealth of attractions. The city is rich in history and culture, and you can visit places like the Florida State Capitol, the Museum of Florida History, and the Tallahassee Museum, which blends natural history with live animal exhibits. For science enthusiasts, the Challenger Learning Center features a Space Mission Simulator and an IMAX theater.

Besides crappie, Rodman Reservoir is also known for its bass fishing. So if you’re interested in catching more than just crappie, this is a fantastic place to visit. And even if fishing isn’t your only passion, the reservoir offers other recreational activities, such as boating and bird-watching, as it’s surrounded by beautiful natural scenery. If you’re interested in history and culture, you might want to visit the nearby town of Palatka. It has a rich history and features attractions like the Bronson-Mulholland House, a beautiful antebellum mansion that’s now a museum. Palatka is also known for its vibrant murals and art scenes. The town hosts the Florida Azalea Festival every spring, which attracts many visitors. ORANGE LAKE Orange Lake is located in North Central Florida, close to the city of Gainesville. Covering around 12,550 acres, it’s a sizable body of water that offers a lot of room for fishing and other water activities. The lake is particularly known for its lush aquatic vegetation, which includes plants like hydrilla and lily pads. This underwater greenery makes it a fantastic habitat for crappie, as they love to hang out near vegetation to seek food and protection. Aside from crappie, Orange Lake is also home to a variety of other fish species, including largemouth bass and bluegill, making it a popular destination for anglers seeking different types of fishing experiences. The lake is also great for boating and has several access points for launching boats, canoes, or kayaks. Additionally, bird-watchers will find the lake’s surroundings rich in wildlife, making it a good spot for nature observation. For those interested in history, the Micanopy Historical Society Museum in the nearby town of Micanopy offers a look into the area’s past. Micanopy itself is a charming little town with antique shops and cafes, making it a great place for a leisurely day trip. Nature lovers might also enjoy Paynes Prairie Preserve State Park, which is not too far from Orange Lake. This park offers a unique opportunity to see wild horses and bison while hiking or bird-watching. The park has several trails and a visitor center that provides informative exhibits about this natural wonder. FINAL THOUGHTS From the expansive waters of Lake Okeechobee to the submerged structures in Lake Kissimmee, from the deep channels of Lake Talquin to the diverse habitats of Rodman Reservoir and Orange Lake, each location brings its own unique set of challenges and rewards. Whether you’re a seasoned angler looking for your next big catch or a beginner wanting to reel in your first crappie, these top 5 destinations promise not just abundant fish but also lifelong memories. So why wait? Pack your fishing gear, grab a buddy, and head to one of these amazing spots for an unforgettable crappie fishing adventure. 877.314.1237 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // December 2023 53

All About the Winchester 400 Legend Rifles A detailed look inside the latest 40-caliber deer cartridge. BY JOSH HONEYCUTT

The new Winchester 400 Legend is new to the deer hunting landscape. It was tested in 2022 and goes mainstream in 2023. It’s the ideal cartridge for those who like the idea of a 450 Bushmaster but despise its recoil. Here’s everything you need to know about the incredible 400 Legend. INTRODUCTION TO WINCHESTER 400 LEGEND RIFLES The New Winchester 400 was first tested on wild game in November of 2022. Immediately, it shined. Since then, it’s continued to deliver incredible results. This rifle-cartridge combo is a real gamer, and it’s deer-woodsready. These are mean straight-wall machines. “The interesting thing about working for Winchester is there is always a project that has significance to the history of the brand,” said Winchester Director of Marketing Jason Gilbertson. “The .350 Legend is pretty special in a lot of ways.” “Initially, we started it as a straight-wall project,” said Winchester Marketing Manager Nathan Robinson. “It was something for states like Ohio and Michigan where they have regulations. It soon became something a lot bigger.” Still, despite the success of the 350 Legend, they knew they could take it a step further. WINCHESTER 400 LEGEND CARTRIDGE DEVELOPMENT As with any new caliber, it only matters if it solves a problem. And the Winchester 400 Legend does that. “It’s been four years since we introduced the .350 Legend,” said Winchester Senior Product Manager Ben Frank. “It’s been a tremendous success. If you’re looking for something in-between the .350 Legend and .450 Bushmaster, it’s for those folks who are looking for a little more energy than what you might get with the .350 Legend. It’s a bigger bullet, heavier bullet, and more penetration. That’s where the .400 Legend comes in.” WINCHESTER 400 LEGEND CARTRIDGE SPECIFICATIONS The all-new Winchester 400 Legend features a 215-grain Power Point 54 December 2023 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // 877.314.1237

HUNTING

bullet. It offers great accuracy, improved penetration, and incredible knockdown power. This caliber produces high velocity yet low recoil. This new round outpaces competing calibers in key categories, too. Its energy equivalent is the 450 Bushmaster but has 20% less recoil. It sports 20% more energy than a .30-30 Win. It offers 25% more energy than the .350 Legend, and better penetration as well. Incredibly, it even has 100% more energy than a 12-gauge slug at 100 yards, yet 55% less recoil. WINCHESTER 400 LEGEND BALLISTICS AND PERFORMANCE Winchester’s Power Point in 400 Legend has a 0.4005-inch diameter, and 1.650-inch shell case length. Regarding velocity, it’s 2,250 fps at the muzzle, 2,056 fps at 50 yards, 1,872 fps at 100 yards, 1,700 fps at 150 yards, 1,540 fps at 200 yards, and 1,270 fps at 300 yards. As for energy (in ft.-lbs.), it’s 2,416 at the muzzle, 2,018 at 50 yards, 1,673 at 100 yards, 1,379 at 150 yards, 1,132 at 200 yards, and 770 at 300 yards. So, how much does this bullet drop? What’s trajectory look like? And what’s the best way to line this gun up? “If it’s zeroed around 150 yards, it’s about an inch or two high at 100 yards, and it’s about 5 inches low at 200 yards,” said Robinson. At that rate, it’s about 26.5 inches low at 300 yards, but most hunters won’t take that shot. COMMON WINCHESTER 400 LEGEND AMMO Winchester 400 Legend is still relatively new, and thus, ammo production is still ramping up. Even so, Winchester created it, and the 215-grain 400 Legend is a beast. Get it in their Winchester Power Point offering. It comes in packages of 20 (box) or 200 (case). WINCHESTER 400 LEGEND APPLICATIONS The Winchester 400 Legend caliber and cartridge are great for deer, hogs, and bear. Of course, there are other applications that work, too. But these three are ideal American pursuits that pair well with this caliber. Other game animals might, too, especially certain oddball and exotic big game species in Africa, Canada, Texas, etc. POPULAR WINCHESTER 400 LEGEND RIFLES As with any new caliber launch, rifle companies can be slow to catch up. That said, there are already at least about a dozen models available, perhaps more. Others are currently in production.

Winchester in 400 Legend: Owned separately from Winchester Ammunition, Winchester Repeating Arms maintains close business ties with the ammo brand. We should expect 400 Legend offerings soon. Savage in 400 Legend: Upon launching, several rifle models were produced to accommodate this new round. Currently, Savage calibers 400 Legend in its 110 Apex Hunter XP , 110 Apex Storm XP , 110 Hog Hunter , 110 Trail Hunter, Axis , Axis XP , Axis XP Stainless , Axis II , Axis II XP , Axis II XP Compact , Axis II XP Stainless , and even some of the above’s left-handed models. Ruger in 400 Legend: Once news of the new caliber broke, Ruger slated several of their offerings in this caliber, too. That said, a current search of their website doesn’t show availability yet. FAQS ABOUT WINCHESTER 400 LEGEND RIFLES Obviously, there are always some questions surrounding calibers, new and old. Below are some common Q&As with the new Winchester 400 Legend. Q: What is the difference between 400 Legend vs 360 Buckhammer? A: The 400 Legend has a 2,250 fps muzzle velocity, while the 360 Buckhammer offers a 2,399 fps muzzle velocity. The 400 Legend has 1,132 ft-lbs. of energy at 200 yards, while the 360 Buckhammer produces 958 ft. lbs. at the same distance. Q: What is the difference between 400 Legend vs 450 Bushmaster? A: The 400 Legend was built to provide an alternative to the 450 Bushmaster. It offers an energy equivalent to the 450 Bushmaster yet produces far less recoil. Q: What is the difference between 400 Legend vs 350 Legend? A: The 350 Legend is great in its own right, but the 400 Legend significantly outperforms on the terminal end. The 400 Legend offers better downrange energy, while the 350 Legend produces less recoil. FINAL THOUGHTS ON THE WINCHESTER 400 LEGEND Overall, the Winchester 400 Legend is an excellent new cartridge offering. It produces a 40-caliber bullet with a flatter trajectory and less recoil than similar calibers. If you’re wanting a big-headed straight-wall bullet this season, this is certainly one to consider. 877.314.1237 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // December 2023 55

Current Land Loan Interest Rates BY JOE BAYA

Purchasing a tract of land, no matter the size, is a major commitment. As a steward of your property, you are making this investment to live out your dream, whether that’s a large acreage homesite, a piece of ground for your business operation, or a piece of recreational land that you can leave to your family someday. Understanding how to finance this purchase is key to making your dream a reality. Land loans are not as common as residential mortgages, but in reality, they are no harder to obtain if you know where to look. Today we’re going to look at the current land loan interest rates and how these rates affect your cost of borrowing. We will also share some options to consider and share some of the information you will need when securing a land loan. CURRENT LAND LOAN RATES Alabama Ag Credit (AAC) provides financing for farm, timber and forestry operations, rural real estate, agribusiness, equipment, livestock, recreational and hunting land. They are headquartered in Montgomery and have nine offices across the state. I recently caught up with them on the Huntin’ Land Podcast and they offered up a recent update on land financing rates for Alabama. As of the time of this writing, AAC has terms up to 30 years with rates between 7.5% to 9% depending on the fixed rate period. Alabama Ag Credit is affiliated with the over 100-year-old nationwide Farm Credit System and is a stockholder-owned cooperative. That means that when someone obtains a loan with Alabama Ag Credit they become a stockholder of the association and a portion of those earnings are returned to them through a patronage program, as determined by their board of directors. THE PATRONAGE PROGRAM’S EFFECT ON LAND LOAN INTEREST What does all of this mean? At closing you make a one-time stock purchase 56 December 2023 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // 877.314.1237

and that stock ownership entitles you to share in the co-op profits, lowering your loan’s total interest cost. When your loan is paid off, the cost of the stock is refunded to you. In other words, when you borrow from Alabama Ag Credit, you become a stockholder and part owner in the cooperative, entitling you to a portion of the earnings (patronage) when the association does well financially. The more you borrow, the bigger your share of earnings. Alabama Ag Credit doesn’t sell its loans on the secondary market like a lot of other financial institutions. When you have a 20-year loan with Alabama Ag Credit, that loan stays with them for 20 years. TYPES OF LOANS FOR LAND As part of the farm credit system, one of AAC’s missions is to service rural Alabama and provide financing for people who want to buy acreage for a myriad of reasons. While it specializes in financing rural and farmland they can finance a residence as long as it is outside of city limits and meets other Farm Credit System requirements. One of Alabama Ag Credits’ popular financial products is their 20-year fixed-rate loan with a 15% down payment. For rural homesites, the standard is a 15-year loan with 15% down. HOW DO LAND LOANS WORK? How land loans work depends heavily on the institution from which you are borrowing. Some lenders feel that land loans are riskier than residential, and they set up rates and terms accordingly. At AAC, the terms of a land and rural residential loan, such as interest rate and down payment, depend on the applicant’s unique underwriting factors and a number of components, including credit, financials, loan-to-value, the type of property, the length of term, the market conditions and other factors. One of the things that differentiates Alabama Ag Credit is that they have a complete suite of services which makes life easier for the customer and ensures a shorter buying and

LIFESTYLE closing process. For example, one of those benefits that AAC offers is that it has its own appraisal department, which results in a shorter turn-around time for the whole transaction and is also economical. HOW TO GET A LAND LOAN You may have been told that getting a land loan is more complicated than residential-type mortgages, but having seen what both types of borrowers have to go through to obtain them, I can tell you that when you work with a Farm Credit bank such as Alabama Ag Credit, the process is no more complicated, and in some ways even less. If you have the following information, you’ll be well on your way: • • • •

Up to Date Financial Statement Balance Sheets for Entities where you are a major shareholder Income verification like paystubs and recent Complete tax returns Liquid Asset Account balances

LAND LOAN INTEREST RATE FAQS Land loan borrowers have a lot of questions about the process and I’ve heard many questions over the years that reflect misguided assumptions. Let’s have a look at some of the most common questions I see as they relate to land loan interest rates. What is a good interest rate for a land loan? Your interest rate will fall within a range of rates like those given above depending on your individual creditworthiness. “Good” is subjective, but if you find your dream property, and you can afford it at today’s rates, then those rates are good! If you still feel like you shouldn’t buy because of interest rates, let’s take a look at possible scenarios, and the good news, they are all in your favor. The first is that you are going to own and enjoy your dream property. Regardless of your interest rate, you are going to be happy you made the purchase if you were patient and found the perfect piece. Second, if rates go up, you are going to be happy you locked in at today’s rates. Talk to

folks who bought properties in the 70’s and 80’s and ask them how they feel about today’s land loan interest rates. Third, if rates go down, you don’t even have to have your loan refinanced. You can ask for a rate adjustment and banks like Alabama Ag Credit will work with you to adjust to the new rate without the need for additional closing costs. Are interest rates higher on land loans? In my experience, interest rates are a little higher on land loans. That being said, the key thing to ask is if your lending institution offers a patronage program. As mentioned previously, the patronage program lowers your cost of borrowing, typically to the tune of around 1%. When you consider this, land loan interest rates are fairly close to other types of loans on the market. Is interest on a land loan tax deductible? Tax law changes, and what was true a year ago may not be true now. That being said, in certain instances, interest on land loans can be tax deductible, such as when you are building a home on land, even during the construction period. Another instance that interest on land loans may be tax deductible is when purchasing farmland. As you might expect, for your specific instance, you may or may not be able to deduct your interest. Always consult with a tax professional to determine this. LAND LOAN PRE-APPROVAL IS PARAMOUNT In my experience as a real estate agent who specializes in land, it is all too common for buyers to make offers before they have their financing approved. While this step in the process can be taken care of after the contract is signed, it really should be taken care of before you even start looking. I’ve seen plenty of instances where properties that are highly sought after receive multiple offers from qualified buyers. In instances where the purchase price is fairly close, landowners will almost always choose the offer that has fewer (or none at all) contingencies. You want to make sure that you don’t miss an opportunity because of a process you could have completed in less than a day. So if you’re in the market to buy land, reach out to a land loan professional and get a land loan pre-approval, This will ensure you aren’t sitting in 2nd place when you find your perfect piece of land.

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BY HANK SHAW Photo by Hank Shaw

Gamey Meat: Here’s the Deal

Anyone who has ever served wild game to someone unfamiliar with it has probably heard them say something like, “This is… gamey.” So-called gamey meat is the bane of a hunter’s existence, but putting your finger on what is and is not gamey is no easy task. There are two sources for gaminess in meat: Unfamiliar flavors, and meat that is tainted or otherwise “off.” I’ll go into both here. First and foremost, gamey meat is, well, game. Hunted meat. Mostly. Several farmed animals, notably lamb (mutton), older goats and guinea hens can also be perceived as gamey. That said, over the decades, I have heard pretty much everything called gamey, even rabbit and quail, which I think are the mildest of all meats. I once heard a contestant on the TV show “Top Chef” extoll the flavor of farmed quail because of how gamey it is. Uh… dude. Farmed quail is so flavorless and mild, it’s the closest thing to Soylent Green I’ve had other than maybe tilapia. At its core, gamey meat means meat that tastes differently from standard, store-bought, farmed meats. It is neither good nor bad, although I’ll get to cases where is it most definitely bad. But what causes gaminess? Several reasons, starting with the nice ones. Diet This is the primary reason. Supermarket meats are fed almost entirely on corn. And corn lends a specific flavor to meats, one we now regard as standard. It is a bland, approachable flavor. Fat from corn-fed animals is firmer and more saturated than those eating most other things, notably nuts or grass. You can see this clearly in pork. Corn finished pork fat is strikingly harder and milder than fat from hogs finished on nuts. For the most part, wild animals eat things other than corn. And yes, I know there are lots of wild animals that do eat corn, notably whitetail deer, ducks, geese, pheasants and hogs. But even these animals don’t subsist entirely on corn, which is why a pheasant doesn’t taste like a chicken, even though they are cousins. Gamey meat is almost entirely a function of the flavors in skin and fat. Most of the stronger aromas we perceive in meat are fat soluble and reside in that fat. A prime example is in waterfowl. A scoter eats mostly clams, and its fat is pretty nasty (to most people). But if you skin this bird, its meat is not terribly different from that of a similarly skinned mallard. Ditto for spoonies, the northern shoveler. Most striking, at least to me, are ptarmigan and spruce grouse. These birds’ diet of berries, forbs, lichen and conifer needles makes them the most pungent and powerful of all game birds. You either like them or not, but gamey they are most definitely. For big game, I’ve noticed that the diet of a Coues deer, a little subspecies of whitetail that lives in the Desert Southwest, alters its fat enough to where it does not coat your mouth the way fat from a grain-fed whitetail in, say, Illinois would. I’ve had very sagey mule deer, and mild ones. It’s the fat. And if you manage to remove all the fat from a slab of mutton, it will be much more mild than one with its fat cap. Interestingly, one main reason

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CAMPHOUSE KITCHEN lamb is thought of as gamey is because of all our domesticated meats, lamb is the one most often raised entirely on grass. Only Colorado lamb is commonly finished on grain. Older Athletes A second, important reason for so-called gamey meat is the fact that wild animals are older and are far more athletic than their domesticated counterparts. Typically, hunters bring home deer that are several years old, and elk, bear and moose can push 10 years old or more. Most birds killed by hunters are young of the year, but waterfowl can live beyond 30 years old, and fiveyear-old turkeys are not impossible. And even young-of-the-year birds are typically older than their domestic cousins. A fryer chicken can be as little as five weeks old. No quail, pheasant, partridge or duck is that young. In fact, the youngest wild animal we commonly hunt is a dove. In some rare cases, month-old doves can be shot in warm places, where their parents raise up to six broods a year. Furthermore, even young-of-the-year game animals work for a living. Their tendons are stronger, their meat is denser, and they are normally far leaner than their couch potato relatives in the barnyard. All of this has an effect on flavor. Now consider an old Canada goose, which can be up to 30 years old. Its flavor will be radically different from a five-month old domestic goose, and even the youngest wild goose will be six months old. In all these contexts, “gamey meat” equals meat with character, with depth, and with flavor wholly of itself. Aged Meat is Gamey Now we should talk about aged meat. Simply put, aged meat is gamey. To most, in a good way. To the uninitiated, it can be an overwhelming experience. Let’s start with aged beef, because that’s what most of us have experience with… except I am betting that you haven’t, because true, real aged beef is at least three weeks old, and you don’t really get into the kaleidoscopic world of aged beef flavors until you cross a month. Really well-aged beef shares a lot, flavorwise, with blue cheese. It’s stinky in an oddly attractive way, and ultra tender. No teeth needed. All of this can apply to wild game, too. You can certainly dry age venison for a month, and it will start to take on some of those richer, more savory, almost cheesy tones. Venison won’t get as cheesy as beef because it lacks internal fat, but it will change, profoundly, if properly aged. Birds are famous for this. A well-aged pheasant is a wondrous thing. A fresh pheasant is a boring chicken. n fact, the process of hanging, aging game birds is called faisandage in French, after their word for pheasant, which is faisan. In English it’s called mortification. This combination of bacterial and enzymatic action on meat intensifies flavor and aroma and umami.

Allow me to use the much maligned pronghorn as an example. Historically, pronghorn are hunted in early fall by multiple hunters. This is a generalization, but I’ve seen it many, many times. Let’s say there are five of us. Most of us shoot our speed goat early in the morning, but Poor Guy Five can’t seem to buy a break. He misses one, maybe two, and doesn’t connect on his until, say, 3 o’clock in the afternoon. Only now do we all start gutting and skinning our animals. Poor Guy Five’s pronghorn will be nice, but everyone else’s will be ruined. Even if we’d all gutted our antelope as we’d shot them, it’d still be a mess because the skin on a pronghorn holds heat better than that of a deer, and you are often hunting in 75°F weather. Similarly, waterfowl are often so fat they retain enough heat that if you don’t chill them down, if you are hunting in warm weather they can go off in the course of an afternoon. And with large animals, like moose, if you don’t cool them down ASAP, there’s a condition called bone sour that can ruin the whole animal. But imagine if this was your hunt of a lifetime? You’re going to take that meat anyway. But you better believe it will be some seriously gamey meat. Bad bacteria really enjoy temperatures over 60°F, and with red meat, anything much over 40°F for any length of time means trouble. There is another big source of bad gaminess in meat: Hormones. This is almost exclusively with mammals. Anyone who has shot a big ole’ boar hog, or a huge, rutty buck, knows what I am talking about. The testosterone in these animals stinks, and taints the meat. Now don’t get me wrong, it’s still edible, but there is a noticeable flavor and aroma to a testosterone-soaked animal. Holly says she knows when I am cooking a male pig, and her guess is almost never wrong. Hormones in rutting bucks and bulls affect flavor, too. In addition, a rutting animal will lose weight and fat, and will be fighting constantly, stressing muscles and increasing the potential for old wounds in the meat, caused by sparring. Finally, how you kill the animal matters. A stressed animal’s meat will never be as good as one that was not stressed. This too is because of hormones. The meat industry goes to great lengths to design its killing facilities in such a way as to not stress the animals — not so much for humane slaughter as for meat quality. So the next time you “shot a little far back,” and wondered why your meat was gamey, that could be why. Needless to say shooting a fleeing animals falls into this, too. Taming Gamey Meats I’ll be honest: There’s not a lot to do about truly gnarly, gamey meat. I mean, I once make about 50 pounds of Mexican chorizo from a boar, but it still had a twang of ‘nads on a hot day. That said, you can remove the gamey taste of game in several ways. First is to brine it in a solution of 1/4 cup kosher salt to 1 quart water overnight; that’s the ratio, since you will often need more than a quart.

Done well, it is the pinnacle of wild game flavor. And it is most definitely gamey meat. In a good way. Bad Gamey

A second method is to soak meat in milk in the fridge overnight. I will often do this to kidneys and livers of big game animals, which can be off-puttingly smelly without this treatment.

OK, now we need to talk about gamey meat in a bad way. Because it’s real.

A red wine soak is a good call, too — if you are planning to cook your meat in a stew or somesuch. One important tip: Boil the wine first, then cool. If you don’t do this, you will get a weird, metallic flavor that I believe comes from the alcohol, which is burned off by the boil. You can soak gamey meat in pre-boiled red wine for several days in the fridge.

Most of us have had wild game that is, well… off. Twangy. Sour. Smelly. Not sexy-musky — rotten, pungent, attack-the-nostrils stinky. I’ve most often encountered this with big game, usually some sort of cervid like a deer or elk, and, very commonly, pronghorn. This sort of gamey meat is, usually, all about poor hygiene and meat handling. This is the hallmark of a mistake, or, more likely, several mistakes.

Finally, practicing good meat care is an obvious one, as is being careful to not cut things like tarsal glands in deer or the scent gland in a javelina. Also, ice is your friend. Cold meat equals good meat. 877.314.1237 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // December 2023 59

gifts BY NICK WILLIAMS

Upgraded Outerwear

A premium insulated hunting jacket is a great gift for deer hunters. This top-tier piece of gear combines warmth, comfort, and stealthy design to ensure they stay focused and comfortable during those chilly days in the woods. Give the gift of superior hunting performance and keep them warm all season long. Shop at Amazon: Sitka Insulated Fanatic Jacket

Aftershokz Bone Conduction Headphones

Aftershokz bone conduction headphones make an excellent gift for a deer hunter because they prioritize safety and situational awareness. Unlike traditional headphones that cover the ears, bone conduction technology transmits sound through the cheekbones, leaving the hunter’s ears free to pick up important environmental cues like approaching game or rustling leaves. This ensures they remain fully aware of their surroundings while still enjoying music or staying connected with their hunting party via communication devices. Shop at Amazon: AfterShokz Air Bone Conduction Wireless Bluetooth Headphones

Millennium 360 Lock On

The Millennium 360 Lock-On Treestand makes an excellent gift for a deer hunter due to its unwavering reliability and comfort-enhancing features. Its sturdy construction and secure locking mechanism provide hunters with peace of mind, ensuring safety while perched high in the tree. The comfortable seat and spacious platform make long hours of waiting for the perfect shot more bearable. Moreover, its stealthy design and ease of setup make it an invaluable addition to any hunting arsenal, promising more successful and comfortable hunting experiences for the lucky recipient. Shop at Amazon: Millennium M360 Revolution

Cougar Claw Climbing Treestand

A Cougar Claw climbing treestand is an excellent gift for a deer hunter because it offers them a distinct advantage in the field. With its portability, ease of use, and versatility, it allows hunters to gain the crucial high ground, providing a better vantage point and reducing the chances of being detected by their prey. Its comfortable design and stability ensure hunters can remain perched for extended periods, increasing their chances of a successful hunt. Shop at Cougar Claw: Climbing Treestands

Barn Owl Cellular Trail Camera

A Barn Owl cellular trail cameraa are exceptional gifts for a deer hunter for several reasons. Firstly, it allows hunters to remotely monitor their hunting grounds, providing real-time insights into deer activity patterns and potential trophy bucks. Additionally, these cameras are equipped with advanced technology that captures high-quality images and videos, enhancing the overall hunting experience. With the convenience of cellular connectivity, hunters can receive immediate alerts and updates, ensuring they are always in the right place at the right time. Shop at Barn Owl: RangeCam 4G 60 December 2023 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // 877.314.1237

NEW & COOL GEAR FOR OUTDOORSMEN

FieldTorq

The FieldTorq Super Tool makes an exceptional gift for deer hunters due to its versatile and practical design. This innovative tool combines essential functions like gutting, skinning, and field dressing into a single, compact package, significantly simplifying the post-harvest process. Its durability and efficiency not only save time in the field but also ensure that the job is done cleanly and effectively. Shop at Amazon: FieldTorq Super Tool Shop at FiledTorq: Super Tool

Waldrop Pacseat

The Waldrop Pacseat makes an excellent gift for deer hunters because of its remarkable combination of comfort and convenience. This portable seat offers the perfect solution for long hours of waiting and observation in the field. Its lightweight and compact design ensure easy transport, while the cushioned seat provides a comfortable perch. Deer hunters will appreciate the added comfort during their outdoor adventures, making it an ideal gift that enhances their overall hunting experience. Shop: The Waldrop Pacseat

Buddy Heater

A portable propane heater makes an excellent gift for deer hunters because it provides essential comfort during long hours spent in the cold, often frigid, outdoor conditions. Deer hunting often involves waiting patiently in blinds or tree stands, where temperatures can plummet. A portable propane heater ensures hunters stay warm and focused, increasing their endurance and overall hunting experience. Shop at Amazon: Mr. Heater Little Buddy Propane Heater

Yoder Chaps With Lite Boots

Yoder chaps with lite boots are an excellent gift for deer hunters because they combine functionality and comfort. These chaps provide protection from thorny underbrush, harsh weather, and potential hazards in the field, ensuring the hunter’s safety and comfort. The addition of lite boots means they can move quietly and comfortably, which is crucial when stalking or waiting for deer. Shop at Conkey’s Outdoors: Lite Boots with Yoder Chaps

Hunting Book

A hunting book makes an ideal Christmas gift for a deer hunter because it provides valuable insights, techniques, and inspiration that can enhance their skills and passion for the sport. It’s not just a gift but a source of knowledge and enjoyment during the off-season, offering them the opportunity to learn from experienced hunters, discover new strategies, and stay connected to their passion even when they can’t be in the field. Plus, a well-chosen hunting book can ignite their excitement for the upcoming season. For other hunting book ideas, take a look at our list of 36 hunting books for all ages and pursuits. Shop at Amazon: Whitetails: A Researched Based Hunting Model 877.314.1237 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // December 2023 61

ADCNR Has Numerous Options for Christmas Trips, Gifts

The Wonderland Under the Warrior attraction at Rickwood State Park is part of the ADCNR’s holiday celebration. ADCNR photo

BY CHRIS BLANKENSHIP Commissioner of the Alabama Department of Conservation & Natural Resources

It’s hard to believe it’s that time of year when we are making plans for Christmas and buying gifts for those we cherish.

other partners like local communities to fund the majority of their operations. Learn more at www.alapark.com.

If you’re having a hard time finding a gift for those who enjoy Alabama’s great outdoors, the Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources (ADCNR) offers several options for Christmas gifts.

In 2022, voters in Alabama overwhelmingly approved an amendment that provided $80 million in funding for improvements to Alabama State Parks. Work to make our parks first class is ongoing at numerous parks, including a campground renovation at Oak Mountain State Park, the state’s largest park.

When it comes to an outdoors experience, look no further than Alabama State Parks’ beautiful and diverse properties. Alabama State Parks is a division of ADCNR and maintains 21 State Parks encompassing more than 50,000 acres of land and water in Alabama. The parks range from Gulf Coast beaches to the Appalachian Mountains and provide opportunities and facilities from basic day-use activities to resort convention lodging, restaurants and golfing areas. Our State Parks System relies on visitor fees and the support of

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One way to take advantage of our great parks is a Christmas gift of an Alabama State Parks gift card, which can now be purchased online at www.alapark. com/activities/gift-cards. The cards are available for any amount from $10 to $1,000 and can be used at State Parks campgrounds, for cabins and lodge rooms (excluding those at Gulf State Park), at gift shops, and to rent boats, canoes and kayaks at Alabama State Parks.

FROM THE COMMISSIONER Several parks will offer Christmas festivities, so keep an eye out at www.alapark.com for upcoming events. One holiday celebration already scheduled begins in November with Wonderland Under Warrior at Rickwood Caverns State Park near Warrior, just north of Birmingham. Park staff will transform the cave into an underground winter wonderland. Santa will greet visitors in the cave, which will be decorated in Christmas lights. Wonderland Under Warrior will be open on most days through January 1, 2024, but will be closed Thanksgiving Day, Christmas Eve and Christmas Day. Go to www.alapark.com/parks/rickwoodcaverns-state-park/wonderland-under-warrior for the calendar and Santa’s hours. Admission is $12 for ages 5 and up. The limestone cave is estimated to be about 260 million years old. Even if it’s cold outside, a great feature of the cave is its temperature is around 62 degrees all year long. If you ate too much during Thanksgiving or at a Christmas party, you can work off those calories with a trip through the cave, a great way to get some exercise. The cave is about a mile long with a path of 4,962 feet that descends 175 feet underground. It takes about 45 minutes to an hour to take the tour of the caverns. Alabama State Parks continuously strives to offer visitors different opportunities and facilities. Wind Creek State Park became the first of our state parks to offer glamping, a form of camping featuring more luxurious facilities than those associated with traditional camping. Glamping has since been added and is now available at Lake Guntersville State Park, Chewacla State Park in Auburn, Monte Sano State Park in Huntsville and Cheaha State Park. To make reservations for glamping at Alabama State Parks, visit the Timberline Glamping website, www.timberlineglamping.com. Information on glamping at each of the five state parks where it’s available can be found online at www.alapark.com. Visitors can choose among the deluxe glamping tent that accommodates six or the double and standard glamping tents that accommodate four each. As I said before, our goal is to make every guest have a memorable stay at an Alabama State Park, and the new glamping sites definitely deliver a memorable experience. We’ve been careful and thoughtful about the best parks to offer glamping, and it’s exciting to see this new amenity expand from one to five parks in such a short time. This has been a fantastic addition to our state parks. Meanwhile, Alabama State Parks offers more than 450 miles of trails for even more recreational opportunities to enjoy the natural beauty of Alabama during the cool of December. Our great parks have hiking, biking, and equestrian trails that provide every skill level with opportunities to see the diverse geology and plant and animal communities throughout the state. Hiking and biking enthusiasts in the family will appreciate the Dirt Pass offered by Alabama State Parks. The Dirt Pass Trail Crew membership is a commitment to the improvement and expansion of the many hiking and biking trails in our State Parks. The $35 annual donation for the Dirt Pass membership is made online at www.alapark.com/trails/dirt-pass-trail-crew-program. Alabama Governor Kay Ivey is a huge supporter of Alabama’s trail system, inside and outside Alabama State Parks. In fact, Governor

Ivey announced this fall that nearly $2 million in grants will become available to build, restore and improve trails at several locations throughout Alabama. The funds are provided through the Federal Highway Administration’s Recreational Trails Program. Seven locations will benefit from the funding, including Camden, Jackson, Montgomery, Piedmont, River Falls, Troy and Shelby County. Near Camden, $184,368 will be used to construct a 5,600-footlong walking trail with water fountains and rest areas at Bridgeport Landing Park on the eastern shore of the Dannelly Reservoir (Miller’s Ferry on the Alabama River). This will enhance the facility’s 2020 upgrades that include expanded boat ramps and other improvements to accommodate the numerous fishing tournaments held on the impoundment. This is adjacent to Roland Cooper State Park. In Jackson near the Tombigbee River, $350,000 will be used to build a 1,000-foot-long, 8-foot-wide multi-use boardwalk at Kimball Lake. The boardwalk is part of the plan to connect Kimball Lake RV Park with Parker Lake RV Park. In downtown Montgomery, $350,000 will be used to extend the Riverfront Greenway multi-use trail from Riverfront Park to near Shady Street along the Alabama River. Inside the Piedmont city limits, $350,000 will be available to repave a portion of the Chief Ladiga Trail, a 33-mile project that converted old railroad lines into trails that link the cities of Weaver, Anniston, Jacksonville and Piedmont. At River Falls, $90,857 will be used to construct a multi-use trail at the River Falls Pavilion and property adjoining the River Falls Cemetery. At Troy, a 1,320-foot-long walking and biking trail and other amenities will be constructed at Hubert Maddox Washington Park. On Double Oak Mountain in Shelby County, a $350,000 grant will be used to construct approximately 12 miles of trails to connect trails at Double Oak Park. Back to Christmas shopping, ADCNR offers those friends and family who love to hunt and fish a gift that literally lasts a lifetime. Despite the initial costs, lifetime licenses for hunting and fishing are really a bargain for young people in the family. And once you’ve purchased a lifetime license for that family member, it is not affected by the price of licenses in the future. It also remains valid if the family member moves out of state. Visit www. outdooralabama.com/legacy for the guidelines for purchasing lifetime licenses. Another way to exercise away those pounds gained during the holidays is to join in on a 1st Day Hike on January 1 at one of our beautiful Alabama State Parks or many other outdoor sites around the state. Alabama has so much to offer during the Christmas season, whether hunting, fishing or just enjoying the holiday celebrations at our great state parks. Don’t hesitate to join in this holiday season.

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Retention……. the forgotten R in R3

WHAT IS BEING DONE TO RETAIN CURRENT ALABAMA HUNTERS? I’ve said numerous times in multiple articles over the past decade that the Wildlife and Freshwater Fisheries (WFF) budget is largely funded by hunting and fishing license dollars. Those dollars combine with the federal excise dollars from the Pittman/ Robertson Act and the Dingell/Johnson Act to keep our division operational.

BY CHARLES “CHUCK” SYKES Director of the Alabama Division of Wildlife and Freshwater Fisheries (WFF)

Without hunters and anglers purchasing licenses and the associated hunting gear and fishing tackle, we wouldn’t have the funds to protect the natural resources of our state. Due to the decades-long decline in hunters, trappers, and anglers, WFF has placed a huge emphasis on growing consumptive outdoor participation. Approximately four years ago, WFF created a staff position with the sole purpose of maintaining or growing the numbers of hunters, anglers, and trappers. Justin Grider, formerly a regional hunter

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education staff member, was promoted to Statewide R3 Coordinator. I wanted to give him an opportunity to express his thoughts on the R3 efforts of our division. R3: You’ve likely heard it, read it, or you recall it from some of the Director’s previous articles. WFF would like everyone to remember this term and know that it’s important for everyone who cares about conservation. R3 is an acronym for Recruitment, Retention, and Reactivation, a national initiative to protect the future of conservation and ensure wildlife, wild places, and natural resources exist for future generations. In past articles, Director Sykes has mentioned our division’s recruitment efforts by highlighting Adult Mentored Hunting, Go Fish Alabama!, Firearms 101, and Trapping 101 classes. These are important for providing opportunities for people to learn about hunting, fishing, target shooting, and trapping.

Managing Wild Turkeys Through Teamwork

Traditionally, most people who enjoy these activities learned those skills from a close friend or family member when they were growing up. While that likely resonates with most of you reading this article, there is a multitude of people around the state that didn’t have that opportunity to learn as they grew up. They now find themselves eager to learn more about these outdoor activities and develop associated skills. In a state with a population of more than 5 million people, only 2.8% of those purchase hunting licenses and 4.5% purchase fishing licenses. Since funding made available by license sales is an integral part of a state game and fish agency’s ability to practice active conservation, the recruitment and reactivation programs mentioned above will continue to be priorities and an important part of our R3 efforts. Equally important, if not more important, is the retention of existing users. Retention is the act of keeping hunters, anglers, target shooters, and trappers engaged and active. As active participants, you are the lifeblood of the conservation funding model. You are already buying licenses and, as you do, Alabama’s natural resources benefit from the funds this makes available for conservation projects, research, and land acquisition. We know we can’t satisfy everyone’s desires for specific regulations while also managing resources appropriately for the common good. But you should know that the WFF staff spends a tremendous amount of time and resources ensuring that our existing users have quality access and minimal barriers to their continued participation in hunting, fishing, shooting, and trapping. We really do want to keep our user groups happy, and, despite the online chatter that may try to persuade you otherwise, we strive daily to make things better and easier you. In the past five years, WFF has purchased or negotiated sportsmen’s access to 23,298 acres, actively maintained infrastructure and managed

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FROM THE DIRECTOR quality habitat on 793,017 acrosspermits, 46 Wildlife Management Areas and the money spentacres on turkey which is part of the licensSpecial Opportunity Areas, simplified regulations to provide access ing requirement to hunt turkeys in Florida, goeseasier into that fund. to those public places, built/updated/renovated/purchased 23 shooting ranges and“Many archery ranges, andNWTF renovated and/orare updated public fishing hunters and members heavily6 involved in lakes. raising funds for the wild turkey and its habitat by participating

in NWTF hunting heritage banquets, whereby a portion of

We have expanded deer season in some zones, added opportunities to those funds raised goes into the cost-share program,” Nicholhunt predators and feral hogs at night, added active military and veteran son said. “Hunters’ purchases hunting consultations equipment also waterfowl hunting dates, and provided freeofbiological andhelps law support wildlife conservation through the Wildlife Sport enforcement services to countless resident landowners, even and though many Fish Restoration Program, which bringsthey federal grant funding of them choose not to purchase a license because are not required to to state wildlife management agencies such as the FWC.” do so. This is all made possible by the people arethe purchasing licenses Through this combined effortwho from NWTF, FWC, FFS and and the matching funds from the excises taxes on hunting and Florida turkey hunters, the wild turkey population isfishing healthy equipmentand made available in due to those license purchases. long asthen flourishing Florida. And, if you’re a turkeyAshunter, people continue to buy licenses and make a concerted effort to you must be getting excited because spring turkey bring season newcomers into the fold, we will continue prioritizing access by partnering and the youth turkey hunt weekends are just around the with, purchasing, and managing places to hunt, fish, target shoot, and trap. corner. The more people there are involved with those activities, the more places and opportunities our agency can provide. Thank you for your role in our R3 efforts. Contact Information R3 isn’t just the of the state agency. Everyone can take part Wildresponsibility Turkey Cost-Share Program in the recruitment, and reactivation of hunters, anglers, trappers, Floridaretention, State Chapter of the National Wild Turkey Federation and target shooters. (NWTF) As Justin mentioned, most of us who read Great Days Outdoors grew up hunting andWildlife fishing.Conservation We were taught by a family member. Florida Fish and Commission (FWC) Florida Forest Service (FFS) Green Swamp Wildlifeadults Management Area (WMA) like you to There are thousands of interested relying on someone GulftoCoastal Plain Ecosystem Partnership introduce them wonderful outdoor pursuits we all love. Please take the Wildlife and Sport Fish Restoration Program time to mentor someone this season. I assure you you’ll get as much out of the experience as they will.

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AL & NW Florida Fishing Forecast

The end of the year is upon us, cold weather is settling in and Santa Claus is due for a visit. Passing fronts lead to harsher conditions, winter time winds keep fish on the move. Staying on the water and weathering the winter climate is the best way to stay on the fish. December can be a tough month for fishing due to the changing weather but here along the Gulf Coast there’s no limit to areas that you can access to be protected from the winds and find fish too. We have many local tributaries from rivers and bayous, to creek mouths and marsh areas, there’s always somewhere to hide when the urge to catch a fish strikes on a foul weather day. BY TANNER DEAS Photos by Tanner Deas

INSHORE: Entering into winter ushers in the prime time for Sheepshead. Sheepshead are commonly referred to as “Convicts” due to their black and white striped appearance as well as their expert ability in stealing anglers’ bait with their human-

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like chompers. Another nickname for these fish is “Bay Snapper” , a name locals commonly use for Sheepshead to describe its delicious, flaky, white meat that is very similar to a Red Snapper but more easily accessed as these Convicts are caught in the bay and inshore waters. Sheep are usually found on heavy structures like rock jetties, docks, reefs and the inshore/ nearshore gas rigs. Baits of choice are fiddler crabs, mud crabs, hermit crabs, barnacles, oysters, and smaller sized live shrimp. The shape of a Sheepshead’s mouth as well as their teeth are what give them the ability to steal the bait so well. A sharp thin-wire hook like the Gamakatsu Octopus Hook (1/0, 2/0) or Owner Mosquito Hook (2/0) can be best for penetrating their rows of teeth and are strong enough to withstand their hard digs downward as they fight to find structure once hooked.

FISHING FORECAST Mangrove Snapper can push out to deeper searching for warmer water temperatures to frequent. These fish can be found on nearshore reefs within 10-12 miles as well as on nearshore gas rigs in deeper water. Heavier set ups will be required to land these fish as they have an uncanny ability to find structure and break the angler off. Plenty of chum and small live baits or shrimp will be perfect to get them fired up and ready to bite! OFFSHORE: Pelagic species seem to move in closer during the colder months as warmer currents bring mid 70 water temperatures in range. Blackfin tuna and Sailfish can be caught from the beach by kayakers and pier rats while Yellowfin tuna, Wahoo, and Marlin can be found on the offshore gas/oil rigs as well as on the FAD’s. This time of year the tuna bite can be “red hot” around the gas and oil platforms and knowing when to go is key, Hilton’s Realtime Navigator can help you pick the right spots as water temperatures and current patterns play a big part in being dialed in on these fish.

There are multiple different types of rigging that can be successfully used when Sheepshead fishing. A 20-30# leader material with a hook and split shot works well, also the Carolina rig, knocker rig and drop shot style rig have high hook up ratios. Each set up will vary in weight based on depth and current when fishing, you can go as light as 1/16oz. as heavy as 2-3oz. dependent on conditions. Commonly used inshore set ups will get the job done and light tackle makes for a fun fight but heavier set ups can be required when fishing heavy structure while targeting Sheepshead. Speckled Trout begin to stack up in river bends, creek bends and creek mouths, hanging out in deep holes trying to stay warm. These fish can also be found “sunning” on grass flats and over sand or oyster bottom on a clear, sunny winter time day. When targeting these winter time speckled fangs, Redfish and Flounder are possible by-catch and the elusive Striped Bass is known to make an appearance this time of year as well. Some lures of choice when targeting these winter time trout are the Slick Lure, Mirrolure MR18, Zoom Fluke, Yo-Zuri 3DB, Berkley Stick Shad, and Mirrolure Lil John. When fishing soft plastics a ⅛-⅜ oz. jig head like the Eye Strike Fishing “Trout Eye” should get the job done. Artificial lures seem to be best at keeping the angler mobile when searching for the fish and dialing in what they want but once the fish have been found live bait may have its time to shine. Forage species like croaker, menhaden and live shrimp should get slurped up and may increase the size and quality of the fish hitting the deck. Redfish, Pompano and Whiting can be found on the beach this time of year. Fishbites Fish’n Strips (Coquina Clam, Sand Flea, Shrimp) paired with fresh dead shrimp, sand fleas or ghost shrimp reliably get the job done from shore. On the boat, live shrimp, menhaden and finger mullet are good live bait presentations while lures that mimic these same forage species as well as pompano jigs should be effective.

When going offshore to target tuna it’s important to be prepared. There’s so many methods that can be used and the fish change what they’re interested in day by day, moment by moment. Being prepared for chunking, live bait chumming, live baiting, kite fishing, popping, trolling etc. is a necessity so as to cater to the feeding mood that the fish may be in. If the Tuna aren’t cooperating Swordfish and Wahoo remain to be good options throughout this month as well. Wahoo can be found around the platforms in depths of 350-700ft along the shelf and can be caught several different ways however high speed trolling (Yo-Zuri Bonita) and live baiting seem to be the most reliable. Bottom species make their way closer to shore this time of year as well. Vermillion Snapper, Almaco Jacks, Mangrove Snapper, Gag Grouper and even Scamp Grouper can be found in depths of 80-150ft. Dead squid, freshly frozen menhaden and live bait options like small hard tails, finger mullet or pinfish work well in this depth and even slow pitch jigging can produce fish in these scenarios. Although bottom species do come in a bit closer this time of year, the better quality fish seem to come of depths better than 150ft. Grouper and Tilefish species can be found from 150-750 ft or even deeper. Bent butt rods and electric reel set ups (Daiwa Tanacom 1200) can be rigged up with 3-5 hook deep drop rigs with glowing lights, tubes and a heavy 3-5# weight to help it hold bottom. Dead or live baits work well in this scenario with anything from fresh, whole squid and menhaden to live sardines, “crack sized” hard tails and cigar minnows producing delectable eats like Golden Tilefish, Scamp and Snowy Grouper from the bottom. Slow pitch jigging (Johnnyjigs.com) can also be just as productive in bringing up these bottom species and at times it seems they want the fluttery, dying bait action of a jig more than a live or dead bait.

NEARSHORE: Nearshore waters continue to be dominated by Redfish through the month of December. Surface fish will continue to be a thing but focusing on the sonar and side scan to locate subsurface schools of bait fish and target species could lead to more fish. Big swimbaits (Z-Man Fishing Products SwimmerZ 6”) and curly tail grubs (Fishbites Fight Club Lures 6” Grub) paired with a 1-2 oz. Eye Strike Fishing DieZel Eye jig head or a large bucktail is perfect for working on those fish below the surface. Spanish and King Mackerel can be had still as well. Trolling spoons or shallow diving baits can be efficient as well as bump trolling live baits around gas rigs and large schools of bait. Wire leader material may be required in order to combat their razorlike teeth so make sure to be prepared when targeting any of these speedy, toothy critters. 877.314.1237 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // December 2023 67

Gifts for a Kayak Angler

For those kayak anglers who have been nice and not naughty- well, there may be a few of us that waysome gift suggestions for holiday giving might be in order. There are many things most kayak anglers could use, but these suggestions which follow are all items which through the years have made themselves necessary parts of many kayak anglers’ fishing lives.

BY ED MASHBURN Photos by Ed Mashburn

wear enough warm clothing. Being cold on the water is miserable. So here are some suggestions for gifts for kayak anglers which will make those cold, windy fishing days a lot more pleasant.

So, for those shopping for a kayak angler, or for a kayak angler shopping for her/himself, here’s some gifts to think about.

Wool socks One of the best gifts any cool weather kayaker can receive is a pair- or several pairs- of wool socks. It’s hard to keep kayak angler feet dry, and feet get cold when wet. Wool provides insulation and warmth even when wet, so wool socks are best for those cooler weather trips in a kayak.

CLOTHING One of the first things kayak anglers who fish in cool weather will discover is that they probably didn’t

A very good thing about giving wool socks is that they can be obtained at most big box stores- just look for “Wool Blend” or “wool weave” on the table.

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PADDLE FISHING And these socks are quite affordable. Most will run about $10 for a pair. These are great gifts for kids to give to Dad- inexpensive and very welcome.

addition to any kayak angler’s gear. In cool weather, there’s nothing like a hot cup of coffee to keep a kayak angler in the game and after fish.

Light weight chest waders The best way to keep warm in a kayak is to stay dry. A pair of lightweight, low-cost chest waders can keep a kayaker dry from the chest down, and this can keep cold winter winds and spray off the angler. There’s no need to look for expensive, heavy waders. Very lightweight and inexpensive waders will work just fine.

A Thermos Stainless Steel 16 Oz. hot/cold bottle costs only $21, and will provide years of good service to keep the inside a kayak angler warm in cold weather.

Frogg Togg Sierran Breathable Stocking Foot waders are affordable at $137, and like all Frogg Togg gear, they are sturdy and lightweight. High-top foot gearA pair of high top waterproof boots will enable a cool weather kayaker to launch and land a kayak in shallow water without having to suffer the shock of feet in cold water. Good high-top boots also provide support- especially important for kayakers using pedal drive kayaks. Kokatak Nomad Paddle Boots provide Foot to knew dry protection, solid boot for support, covered lacing system for good fit and snag elimination, and are Water proof. At $135, they are not cheap, but they are a very good product.` GEAR Sunglasses No matter the season, good polarized sunglasses make a big difference to what an angler sees and what an angler catches. Sunglasses also have the added benefit of protecting an angler’s eyes from cold wind and colder spray. Sunglasses don’t provide total wind and wet protection, but they are far better than no protection at all. The Bajio line of sunglasses is top-notch, and although cheaper glasses can be found, there are not many glasses better than Bajio. The Ozello model offers a wide range of lense colors, prescription lenses can be ordered, and the lenses can be either glass or polycarbonate. Pocket knife A simple pocket knife with a sharp blade and a few added tools- mini-scissors, a screwdriver, and so on can make a big difference in times of repair or gear removal in any season, and even more in cool weather. The Rapala Fisherman’s Multi-Tool Knife has a very sharp blade, and also includes line scissors- very helpful for cutting braid line, a lure eye cleaning punch, and line threader, and a bottle opener. At $24.99, this is a very affordable and capable tool for kayak anglers.

ACCESSORIES Kayak storage racks A very welcome gift for any angler who is limited on storage space and who must keep the kayak outdoors is a set of above ground foldable storage racks. These little supports are inexpensive and work very well to keep the boat up off the ground. And a additional benefit of an elevated support system for an outdoor-stored kayak- a kayak left on the ground is prime real estate for a colony of vicious stinging fire ants. These terrible bugs love anything solid- like a kayak- left on the ground, and they will make a colony in a kayak in a short time. And discovering that a kayak is not just a ride for the angler but also a home for some angry fire ants is a very shocking discovery for the angler. Trust me on this- it’s not a good thing. Get that kayak up off the ground and ant free! Kayak anchor system And for the most expensive gift for a kayak angler, a powered anchoring system can make life a lot easier for kayak anglers who need to hold boat position in wind or current. These little lightweight electric anchors are marvelous tools for kayak anglers. The Power-Pole Micro anchor system applies easily to most kayaks and offers Compact design, Silent operation, Adjustable mounting, and 2-button key fob remote operation. At $599, this is not a cheap gift, but any kayak angler will be most pleased to receive and use this present.

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877.314.1237 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // December 2023 69

Pier & Shore Fishing Outlook

Anglers from all over enjoy catching sheepshead from the gulf beach piers.

Many sheepshead are caught each winter by patient anglers using small live shrimp or fiddler crabs.

BY DAVID THORNTON Photos by David Thornton

A distinct winter chill often greets shorebound anglers this month, though milder fall like weather is still possible at least through early December. The effects of a strong El Nino may make this winter even milder but wetter than average. Usually the gulf water temperature falls from the upper to middle 60s through December. Meanwhile inshore and shallow water temps are subject to the severity of each cold front that passes through. Still, pier and shore anglers have a myriad of species to focus their attention on as long as they are dressed to properly deal with the ever changing conditions. Choosing which days and times to fish is based on the evolutionary weather pattern affecting which direction the wind blows from, how hard, and for how long. Whatever effect wind speed, wave heights, and water clarity may have on what is or is not biting, NEAP tide periods around the 6th and 20th of December may

70 December 2023 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // 877.314.1237

influence fish feeding too.

Waves whipped up by each successive storm system change the sandbar configuration all along the Emerald Coast. Savvy anglers learn to take time, as the Gulf calms, to scout out how their favorite sandbars or fishing venues fared after each storm. This cycle often destroys existing “holes” while creating new ones. Alabama beach anglers along the eastern Baldwin County coast will be challenged even more by the dredging project underway there. Millions of cubic yards of new beach material will be placed on beaches this winter from west of Little Lagoon Pass to the Alabama/Florida state line. In the past such projects have disrupted beach fishing with short and long term effects. Typically beach access is denied

FISHING OUTLOOK to the public around the active construction areas which will relocate from west to east over a period of months through the winter. The most mobile species found in the benthic surf zone (like “sandfleas” and crabs) should recolonize in a matter of months, especially through the spring and summer warm up. Meanwhile less mobile ghost shrimp, clams, and other invertebrates will take much longer. Sometimes removing the food sources from fish species like whiting and pompano will just make them hungrier. But sometimes they relocate to other regions. We will just have to see what transpires. Another “wait and see” issue for Alabama shorebound anglers will be the long awaited repair of the popular Gulf State Park Pier, partially destroyed by Hurricane “Sally” in September of 2020. Unfortunately the pier will be closed indefinitely while construction is taking place as the parking lot is transformed into a staging and construction area. Tentative plans are to reopen the fully renovated pier sometime in the summer of 2024. At least anglers there should be able to utilize more of the seawall at Alabama Point in Perdido Pass this month. Once again, the City of Orange Beach will spearhead repairing the parking lot and boardwalk, while adding new lighting and railing north of the bridge. This is a very popular venue to fish for sheepshead, redfish, bluefish, and even flounder during the winter months. Other gulf beach piers, along the Florida Panhandle can expect to see catches ranging from “bonita” (Little tunny) and possibly even a stray king mackerel or blackfin tuna early in December, to “whiting” (Gulf kingfish) along with pompano later in the month. Sheepshead is another species that may be actively targeted while the water is cooler. They abandon the rivers and back bays to rendezvous near hard structures, like piers, docks, and jetties in the lower estuaries, Intercoastal Waterway, and even into the Gulf proper where the water is relatively warmer and food more available. Their diet varies from algae growing on these structures to small invertebrates (including barnacles) that cling to piling and rocks or burrow into the bottom nearby. Many sheepshead are caught each winter by patient anglers using small live shrimp or fiddler crabs. Even ghost shrimp perform well for sheepshead when they are staging or feeding near the bottom. Their loose schools provide a measure of competition between individual fish which seems to spur their desire to feed. Other baits that may work are mussels, oysters, and hermit crabs (removed from their shell). Many of these baits also tempt redfish and black drum, as well as whiting and pompano. Though dead or even frozen shrimp may work at times for some species, apparently the scent of fresher bait is more to the liking of winter time fish as the waters cool through December. Bluefish is another species that remains in the area and feeds actively at times this month. They chase whatever baitfish may be available in the surfzone, though they do show a tendency to orient around piers and jetties along the gulf beaches during the winter. Averaging one to three pounds, these bluefish respond well to one to two ounce silver spoons and small diving plugs (such as # 8 or #10 Rapala X-Raps), along with soft plastic lures (like Zoom’s Fluke) pinned to a ¼ to 1/2 ounce leadhead jig. Though they quickly destroy the Fluke bodies, those are fairly cheap, costing a little less than live shrimp. Most anglers prefer to save their live shrimp to tempt sheepshead, redfish and flounder around the jetties by free lining them on light tackle with just a splitshot or two whenever the current is not running to swiftly. Bycatch with this method includes bluefish (of course), but may also mean a bonus flounder or two, pompano, or even speckled trout.

The majority of surf fishers will be focusing their primary attention on pompano this month as “bull” redfish are less numerous along the beaches. Some large black drum are still available inshore, though many now patrol the surf zone looking for any scraps to feed on. It is not unusual for beach or pier anglers targeting whiting or pompano with pieces of shrimp to hook black drum occasionally. Some folks might wonder why a drum weighing 15 to 30+ pounds would be interested in such a tiny morsel. To which I have heard grizzled anglers respond, “Well, you eat peanuts don’t you?” Truth is fish, even large ones are cold-blooded and respond to the temperature of their environment. As water temperatures cool, the metabolism of fish slows down and they simply do not eat as much or as often. Slow down, and scale down your presentations to get more bites from these lethargic fish. Fishing the surf becomes much more of a waiting game in December as pompano and other gamefish make their way slowly, or rather meticulously through the surf zone. Their inclination is to follow whatever water depth or feature they are most comfortable around as shelter from waves, currents or predators (like sharks, dolphins, or loons) while in search of what little food they need. These fish feel safer in numbers too, and getting one bite often signals a school is nearby. So, once you start getting bites, adjust your spread, terminal tackle, and baits to maximize your catch while they are within range. Then try to move with the school to locate them when the fish move. You will have plenty of time this month to observe the conditions, contemplate what should work, and adjust to get you into some fish as you enjoy these great days outdoors.

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877.314.1237 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // December 2023 71

REGIONAL FRESHWATER Fishing Outlook BY ED MASHBURN Photos by Ed Mashburn

It may take some time to them, but December crappie can be found in large schools. 72 December 2023 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // 877.314.1237

FISHING OUTLOOK The weather is cooler now, and the fish will in most cases be found in tighter school for anglers to find and catch. And while anglers in many parts of the country will be dealing with snow, cold winds, and rough water conditions, for us here in the Gulf South, December can be a vdey pleasant time to be on the water. Let’s see what some of the best anglers in our area have to say about December fishing.

FLORIDA WATERS

LAKE TALQUIN “The primary target of most anglers on Talquin in December will be speckled perch. Most Decembers the perch fishing will have picked up, and anglers can find big slab speckled perch in the mouths of creeks and on humps in the main body of the lake,” said long-time resident and angler Jeff DuBree of Whippoorwill Lodge. Trolling jigs is a very reliable and productive method of catching the Talquin slabs in winter situations. Bass anglers will need to check the recent weather when planning a December trip to Talquin. If the weather has been cold, then most bass will be found on deep ledges where they will take Carolina rigged finesse lures. If the weather has been generally warm, then the bass will still be shallow. DuBree reminds us that as December moves on toward the end of the month, some very big bass will be caught in eight to twelve feet of water on Texas rig worms and Rat-L-Traps as the big old bass feed up for the spring spawn. LAKE JACKSON Rob Baker, kayak fishing guide and veteran Forgotten Coast angler, gave us some good advice for fishing Lake Jackson, but this advice applies to all of the other lakes in the Tallahassee area. He said that anglers will want to slow their presentations down quite a bit if the weather turns chilly. The vegetation in the lake will be thinning out in December, but what’s left is where anglers will want to spend their time working. Both old lily pads and shoreline cover will be good places to find bass. Large paddletails and buzz frogs worked over cover will be good. Any topwater offering that is weedless and can be buzzed over the vegetation will be good. The same lure with weight added and then dropped to deeper water ledges can pay off, too. Early morning and late afternoons will still be the best time to hit Lake Jackson, and cloudy days are always the best.

ALABAMA WATERS

MOBILE DELTA “In December, most fishermen work the creeks. When strong wind and low water conditions are present, small creeks offer good protection and lots of fish,” says veteran guide and tournament angler Captain Wayne Miller. Miller told us that around the Causeway and lower parts of the Delta, by the end of December the bulk of the bass have moved into the creeks adjacent to the big bays and main rivers, and they will stay in the creeks until warm weather comes in the spring.

Anglers can find numbers of bass in the creeks especially after strong tides from cold fronts push much of the water out of the Delta and into Mobile Bay. The low water conditions concentrate the bass in the deeper creeks. Captain Wayne advises anglers in December to look for deeper water with some sort of wood cover for the bas to hold close to. Crankbaits, spinnerbaits and soft plastics will work well on December Delta bass. Shad colors such as chrome with blue back, chrome with black back and crawfish patterns will all work well now. Delta bass feed on crawfish year-round, and December is no exception. LAKE GUNTERSVILLE Long time Lake Guntersville guide Captain Jake Davis said, “In most Decembers, we start to make the winter transition. Bass will bite on Rat’L Traps, jigs, and jerk baits. Look in three to seven feet of water along old grass lines, creek channels, and the bass can be stacked up on bends in creeks. Look for any kind of pinch point where the water drops in depth and some current might be present.” In general, for bass anglers on Guntersville, if you find the shad, you’ll find the bass. Davis advised us that this time of year, it’s not a break of day bite for largemouth bass. He advises anglers to sleep in, start the trip about 8:00, and fish into the afternoon. Crappie anglers will have good results working around bridges with minnows and small jigs, and the crappie will be following schools of smaller shad around the shadow lines of the bridges. White bass and stripers will be in open water, and they can be located by looking for schools of shad on electronic gear and dropping jigs, silver spoons, and other deep running lures to them. SIPSEY FORK Randy Jackson of Riverside Fly Shop tells us that December on Sipsey Fork will see some good trout for anglers who go about the fishing in the right way. There will be periodic hatches of midges and blue wing olive mayflies, and anglers will have to adjust their fishing to suit the weather and water conditions. Midges will tend to hatch all up and down the river, but the blue wing olives will be found hatching off in specific locations, and anglers will have to find these spots. Flies in smaller sizes, usually size 18, will work best. Anglers who prefer spinning gear will have good results using a light bubble float rig with the same flies that fly rod anglers use tied on a very light leader below the weighted bubble float. This allows long casts to reach trout feeding some distance away from the angler. Trout Magnet trout jigs in various colors will also work well for the spinning gear folks. Riverside Fly Shop will continue to offer float trips and guided wade trips for anglers who want to experience the only cold-water fishery in Alabama. Trout will be stocked each month, and the fish in December will be very active .

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Regional Freshwater Fishing Outlook

WEISS LAKE Veteran guide and Weiss Lake resident Captain Lee Pitts told us to try fishing deep lake ledges using bottom bouncing rigs with a sinker on the end of the line and a hook with minnow a couple of feet above the sinker. Crappie chasers will have move and look to find spots where the best concentrations of crappie will be holding. A good thing about this time of year, when the crappie are found, there will be a lot of them. Anglers can fill a live well with big, fat crappie when they are located. In fact, some really big crappie that have been feeding heavily on shad are caught in December on Weiss. Bass anglers on Weiss should look around river channels and deeper holes on the channels. Bass can still be found in shallow water if the shad are in shallow water. Pitts says, “Spinnerbaits are good for shallow water bass now. Try spinners with gold blades in winter here.” Bass anglers can look for humps and rises out in the main parts of the lake. In the low water winter draw-down conditions, these spots are easier to find than when the lake is at full pool in summer. Lots of spots will be holding on these rises and humps, and crank baits will work well, especially when there’s a current in the lake from dam releases of water. Striper and white bass will be schooled up in open water chasing shad, and silver spoons will work well on the stripers and whites. LAKE EUFAULA If the weather turns cold, anglers on big old Lake Eufaula can find good bass by working ledges and humps out in the main lake body. Work jigs and soft plastics over the humps. On the deeper ledges of the main lake, crappie will be schooling up looking for shad. Anglers catch a lot of crappie on Eufaula using multi-rod spider rigs. Try jigs tipped with minnows and slow troll likely spots. Captain Sam Williams tells anglers coming to Eufaula for the good winter bass fishing to look for any remaining cover left over from summer and fall. Blowdown trees in the water are good places to find winter bass, and the flats that hold left-over lily pad stems can be quite good. The stems won’t look like much, but they will hold good numbers of crawfish, and the bass will be up in the shallower water looking for the mudbugs. When the weather is too cool for shallow water bites, anglers can try fishing the rip-rap on bridges and causeways for bass. Concentrate on the sunny side of the structure where the water will usually be just a little bit warmer than the shady side. Williams tells us the early morning topwater bite can still be good on warmer days- try working frogs and other soft plastics over the lily pad stems. On the deeper ledges of the main lake, crappie will be schooling up looking for shad. Anglers catch a lot of crappie on Eufaula using multi-rod spider rigs. Try jigs tipped with minnows and slow troll likely spots. MILLER’S FERRY 74 December 2023 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // 877.314.1237

In December on Miller’s Ferry the cooler weather has dropped water temperatures enough that the fish have moved off shallow water spots of fall and gone into their winter areas. Joe Dunn advised visiting anglers to look for ledges that fall into deeper water out in the main body of the lake. Water 18 feet or so right on the edge of the break is a good place to find concentrations of crappie. Try bottom bouncing minnows or 1/8 oz. jigs right on the break. If the weather turns really chilly, the crappie may move off even farther and hold in 25 feet of water. If Miller’s Ferry should have high, muddy water from heavy upstream rains, the crappie will look for quiet holding water behind points and other structures that will break the stronger currents that move through the lake. When this happens, anglers can have some fast action as the crappie will be in really big schools. Dunn says that from mid to late October and through December, the crappie will be on the deeper breaks where they’ll be chasing shad. When the lake is pulling water and there’s a current, the crappie will be closer to cover, and they will be very aggressive and strike harder. In December, Miller’s Ferry largemouth will be pre-spawn staging in ten to twelve feet of water just waiting for temperatures to warm enough to actually into spawning mode. At this time, they’ll move into shallow water if it is warm enough to suit them. If the weather in December stays cool, the bass will be deeper. Bass anglers should look in the bigger, deeper sloughs, and look for shad. If shad are there, the bass will be there, too. Chatterbaits, and crank baits that run to six to eight feet of water will work well over ledges in the sloughs. WILSON LAKE/PICKWICK LAKE “It’s big catfish time. The big cats will move off into the deep ledges of the river channel in Wilson Lake. They’ll start to school in December, and that means an anglers can get into multiple really big cats now,” Captain Brian Barton told us.” Cut skipjack herring, cut shad, live bream or shad are all good baits for the big old catfish. Anglers should look from Shoal Creek downstream to the dam for big cats. This is prime trophy cat water in December. Jackson Island is also a good spot to find the biggest cats. For eating size cats, anglers should fish the bottom of straight wall bluffs. Points and ledges are good holding areas for the eating size cats. Now, for some really hot fishing that will make anglers sweat even in cool weather, it’s hard to beat the big smallmouth bass and striped bass fishing below the dams, especially Wheeler Dam tailrace. Barton says, “Both smallmouth bass and stripers will be staging in the tailrace gorging on yearling shad. Anglers who drift current seams and outside edges of the current with live shad if you can get them will have some fast action.”

Regional Freshwater Fishing Outlook

December is typically a good month for trophy catfish on Wilson Lake. Best bet for big fish is large chunks of cut skipjack tossed over standing timber in 55-80 feet of water. Either make long casts with no weight or fish straight down over the tops of trees with a Carolina rig with 2-3 ounce sinker. Be patient, often cold water cats will take 30 to 45 minutes to bite. Smaller catfish can be caught with the same methods, just downsize the hook and bait. Crappie is a top pick for December on Wilson and Pickwick Lakes. Look for blowdowns for standing timber in 25 to 40 feet of water. Wood cover along creek ledges and main lake shorelines are best. Cast 1/8 or 1/16 ounce jigs and grubs in black, chartreuse, or pink for best results. For live bait anglers like myself, drop live minnows right over the tops of trees. Use a light wire Tru-turn hook so you can bend it out easily when you become snagged in the wood cover. Pickwick Lake smallmouth bass and crappie are top picks. For bass, search rock piles, dikes, and channel ledges with rock cover. The area from Riverfront Park in Sheffield to Natchez Trace Parkway will be a top spot. Buck Island and Pride Landing areas will likely produce most trophy fish this month. Small plastics, hair jigs, grubs, and live shad minnows will be the best option. Bear Creek, Indian Creek, and Yellow Creek will be the best crappie locations. Depending on weather conditions and water temperatures, fish will locate from 10 to 30 feet of water. Use electronics to find schools of fish then target them by casting or trolling lures through the area. Crappie will usually appear as an “upside down Christmas tree” on your electronics.

Important Contact Information Captain Brian Barton 256-412-0969 Brianbartonoutdoors@aol.com Captain Jake Davis Mid-South Bass Guide Service 615-613-2382 www.midsouthbassguide.com Joe Dunn Dunn’s Sports 334-636-0850 33356 Hwy. 43, Thomasville, AL Captain Lee Pitts 256-390-4145 www.pittsoutdoors.com Captain Sam Williams Hawks Fishing Guide Service 334-355-5057 www.hawksfishingguideservice.com

Captain Wayne Miller Mobile-Tensaw Delta Guide Service 251-455-7404 Millewa12000@yqhoo.com Randy Jackson Riverside Fly Shop 16027 Hwy 69N Jasper, Al 256-287-9582 riversideflyshop.com Jeff DuBree Whippoorwill Lodge 850-875-2605 Fishtalquin@gmail.com Rob Baker Wilderness Way 850-877-7200 3152 Shadeville Road Crawfordville, FLA

Show Your Support for Alabama’s Coastal Fishing & Marine Resources. All proceeds from your TAX DEDUCTIBLE purchase are used for marine conservation in Coastal Alabama.

For more info on the events or CCA Alabama www.ccaalabama.org 251-478-3474 877.314.1237 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // December 2023 75

MOON & FEED TIMES

Mobile / Tensaw Delta

PRIME FEEDING TIMES

This chart is specifically designed for fishing times in the Mobile/Tensaw Delta & other tidally influenced waters of South Alabama. Date Day

December 2023

1 Fri 2 Sat 3 Sun 4 Mon 5 Tue 6 Wed 7 Thu 8 Fri 9 Sat 10 Sun 11 Mon 12 Tue 13 Wed 14 Thu 15 Fri 16 Sat 17 Sun 18 Mon 19 Tue 20 Wed 21 Thu 22 Fri 23 Sat 24 Sun 25 Mon 26 Tue 27 Wed 28 Thu 29 Fri 30 Sat 31 Sun

76 December 2023 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // 877.314.1237

★★ ★★ ★ ★ ★★ ★★ ★★★ ★★★ ★★ ★★ ★★★ ★★★★ ★★★★ ★★★★ ★★★★ ★★★ ★★ ★ ★ ★★ ★★ ★ ★ ★★ ★★ ★ ★★ ★★★ ★★★ ★★ ★★

MOON TIMES

This chart is specifically designed for game movement for the state of Alabama & fish feeding times in non-tidal waters in the state. Inclement weather or rapidly changing temperatures can adversely affect feeding times. Moon Over & Under is the best feeding times for game animals & fish in non-tidal waters

December 2023

K L Shaded areas represent best days during the month. PHASEL Date Date Rise Over PHASE Rise Over Set Set 3:04 AM 10:26 AM a F 1 8:34 PM 3:54 AM 11:04 AM b Sa 2 9:33 PM c S 3 10:30 PM 4:39 AM 11:36 AM d M 4 11:26 PM 5:22 AM 12:04 PM --:-6:03 AM 12:29 PM e T 5 W 6 12:21 AM 6:42 AM 12:54 PM e 7:22 AM 1:19 PM g Th 7 1:16 AM 8:03 AM 1:45 PM j F 8 2:11 AM 8:46 AM 2:13 PM k Sa 9 3:10 AM 9:34 AM 2:47 PM l S 10 4:12 AM m M 11 5:18 AM 10:26 AM 3:28 PM n T 12 6:25 AM 11:23 AM 4:17 PM A W 13 7:32 AM 12:25 PM 5:16 PM 1:27 PM 6:22 PM B Th 14 8:33 AM 2:29 PM 7:34 PM C F 15 9:27 AM D Sa 16 10:12 AM 3:27 PM 8:46 PM E S 17 10:50 AM 4:20 PM 9:56 PM F M 18 11:24 AM 5:10 PM 11:03 PM --:-G T 19 11:54 AM 5:53 PM H W 20 12:23 PM 6:45 PM 12:09 AM I Th 21 12:53 PM 7:32 PM 1:14 AM 8:21 PM 2:18 AM J F 22 1:25 PM 9:13 PM 3:25 AM K Sa 23 2:01 PM L S 24 2:42 PM 10:07 PM 4:31 AM L M 25 3:29 PM 11:03 PM 5:36 AM --:-6:37 AM a T 26 4:22 PM --:-7:33 AM b W 27 5:21 PM c Th 28 6:21 PM 12:54 AM 8:20 AM 1:45 AM 9:00 AM d F 29 7:21 PM 2:33 AM 9:35 AM e Sa 30 8:19 PM S 31 9:16 PM 3:17 AM 10:04 AM e g h i j k l m n n o p q r s t u v w x y z ;

Under

3:29 PM 4:17 PM 5:01 PM 5:43 PM 6:22 PM 7:02 PM 7:42 PM 8:24 PM 9:09 PM 9:59 PM 10:54 PM 11:54 PM --:-12:56 AM 1:58 AM 2:58 AM 3:54 AM 4:46 AM 5:34 AM 6:21 AM 7:08 AM 7:56 AM 8:47 AM 9:40 AM 10:35 AM 11:31 AM 12:27 PM 1:20 PM 2:09 PM 2:55 PM 3:38 PM

30 Days 12.8 31 Days 12.4

ALABAMA TIDE CHARTS

Fowl River F 1 12:24 AM / 1.72 12:37 PM / -0.47 S 2 01:05 AM / 1.59 01:09 PM / -0.40 Su 3 01:42 AM / 1.41 01:28 PM / -0.29 M 4 02:10 AM / 1.20 01:35 PM / -0.13 T 5 01:58 AM / 0.94 01:27 PM / 0.05 10:22 PM / 0.81

W 6 09:11 PM / 0.86 01:02 PM / 0.23 Th 7 08:24 PM / 0.99 07:25 AM / 0.33 F 8 08:07 PM / 1.18 06:00 AM / 0.07 S 9 08:17 PM / 1.36 06:28 AM / -0.15 Su 10 08:43 PM / 1.52 07:10 AM / -0.34 M 11 09:22 PM / 1.66 08:01 AM / -0.49 T 12 10:08 PM / 1.76 08:57 AM / -0.61 W 13 10:57 PM / 1.83 09:56 AM / -0.71 Th 14 11:47 PM / 1.85 10:53 AM / -0.79 F 15

11:45 AM / -0.81

S 16 12:35 AM / 1.77 12:28 PM / -0.74 Su 17 01:19 AM / 1.59 01:01 PM / -0.57 M 18 01:57 AM / 1.31 01:14 PM / -0.31 T 19 02:14 AM / 0.94 12:56 PM / -0.01 09:16 PM / 0.70

W 20 08:10 PM / 0.84 12:01 PM / 0.21 Th 21 07:33 PM / 1.07 05:57 AM / 0.09 F 22 07:30 PM / 1.30 06:17 AM / -0.26 S 23 07:54 PM / 1.47 07:00 AM / -0.52 Su 24 08:31 PM / 1.56 07:48 AM / -0.69 M 25 09:15 PM / 1.58 08:38 AM / -0.79 T 26 10:03 PM / 1.56 09:26 AM / -0.83 W 27 10:49 PM / 1.52 10:11 AM / -0.85 Th 28 11:33 PM / 1.44 10:50 AM / -0.83 F 29

11:20 AM / -0.79

S 30 12:11 AM / 1.33 11:41 AM / -0.70 Su 31 12:45 AM / 1.17 11:51 AM / -0.56

Fort Morgan F 1

11:39 AM / -0.37

S 2 12:10 AM / 1.26 12:11 PM / -0.30 Su 3 12:51 AM / 1.13 12:29 PM / -0.20 M 4 01:22 AM / 0.96 12:32 PM / -0.06 T 5 01:24 AM / 0.76 12:15 PM / 0.08 09:11 PM / 0.67

W 6 07:47 PM / 0.71 11:25 AM / 0.20 Th 7 07:03 PM / 0.84 07:46 AM / 0.20 F 8 06:59 PM / 1.00 06:08 AM / 0.02 S 9 07:17 PM / 1.14 06:09 AM / -0.17 Su 10 07:46 PM / 1.26 06:36 AM / -0.34 M 11 08:25 PM / 1.36 07:17 AM / -0.48 T 12 09:09 PM / 1.43 08:07 AM / -0.59 W 13 09:58 PM / 1.47 09:05 AM / -0.68 Th 14 10:48 PM / 1.46 10:05 AM / -0.73 F 15 11:39 PM / 1.39 10:58 AM / -0.74 S 16

11:41 AM / -0.67

Su 17 12:29 AM / 1.25 12:12 PM / -0.51 M 18 01:13 AM / 1.02 12:19 PM / -0.27 T 19 01:43 AM / 0.73 11:46 AM / -0.03 08:12 PM / 0.51

Perdido Pass

Mobile River F 1 01:10 AM / 1.71 01:11 PM / -0.47 S 2 01:56 AM / 1.58 01:43 PM / -0.38 Su 3 02:37 AM / 1.41 02:01 PM / -0.24 M 4 03:08 AM / 1.20 02:04 PM / -0.08 T 5 03:10 AM / 0.95 01:47 PM / 0.10 10:57 PM / 0.83

W 6 09:33 PM / 0.89 12:57 PM / 0.25 Th 7 08:49 PM / 1.05 09:18 AM / 0.25 F 8 08:45 PM / 1.25 07:40 AM / 0.03 S 9 09:03 PM / 1.43 07:41 AM / -0.22 Su 10 09:32 PM / 1.58 08:08 AM / -0.43 M 11 10:11 PM / 1.69 08:49 AM / -0.60 T 12 10:55 PM / 1.78 09:39 AM / -0.74 W 13 11:44 PM / 1.83 10:37 AM / -0.85 Th 14

11:37 AM / -0.92

F 15 12:34 AM / 1.82 12:30 PM / -0.92 S 16 01:25 AM / 1.74 01:13 PM / -0.83 Su 17 02:15 AM / 1.56 01:44 PM / -0.63 M 18 02:59 AM / 1.27 01:51 PM / -0.34 T 19 03:29 AM / 0.91 01:18 PM / -0.03

09:58 PM / 0.64

1 10:50 PM / 1.04 11:19 AM / -0.17

S 2 11:29 PM / 0.94 12:06 PM / -0.10 Su 3

12:42 PM / -0.01

M 4 12:04 AM / 0.82 12:41 PM / 0.11 T

5 12:12 AM / 0.69 12:35 PM / 0.23

W 6 12:01 AM / 0.56 10:13 AM / 0.29 06:49 PM / 0.53

Th 7 07:05 AM / 0.36 04:54 AM / 0.30 07:07 PM / 0.66 09:34 AM / 0.32 F

8 07:27 PM / 0.78 05:10 AM / 0.15

S 9 07:37 PM / 0.91 05:17 AM / 0.01 Su 10 07:11 PM / 1.04 05:18 AM / -0.12 M 11 07:36 PM / 1.17 05:40 AM / -0.23 T 12 08:11 PM / 1.26 06:14 AM / -0.29 W 13 08:51 PM / 1.30 07:01 AM / -0.32 Th 14 09:36 PM / 1.29 08:23 AM / -0.32 F 15 10:24 PM / 1.22 09:39 AM / -0.30 S 16 11:11 PM / 1.09 10:24 AM / -0.23 Su 17 11:51 PM / 0.91 10:55 AM / -0.12 M 18

11:14 AM / 0.04

T 19 12:07 AM / 0.69 09:40 AM / 0.20 08:07 PM / 0.51

W 20 06:53 PM / 0.63 10:48 AM / 0.14

W 20 08:39 PM / 0.79 12:20 PM / 0.18

Th 21 06:00 PM / 0.85 06:01 AM / 0.03

Th 21 07:46 PM / 1.06 07:33 AM / 0.04

F 22 06:08 PM / 1.06 05:55 AM / -0.24

F 22 07:54 PM / 1.33 07:27 AM / -0.30

S 23 06:40 PM / 1.21 06:23 AM / -0.45

S 23 08:26 PM / 1.52 07:55 AM / -0.56

Su 24 07:23 PM / 1.29 07:00 AM / -0.58

S 23 07:33 PM / 1.11 05:13 AM / -0.23

Su 24 09:09 PM / 1.62 08:32 AM / -0.73

M 25 08:10 PM / 1.32 07:43 AM / -0.65

Su 24 08:03 PM / 1.18 05:42 AM / -0.32

M 25 09:56 PM / 1.65 09:15 AM / -0.81

T 26 08:59 PM / 1.30 08:28 AM / -0.68

M 25 08:26 PM / 1.20 06:11 AM / -0.35

T 26 10:45 PM / 1.63 10:00 AM / -0.84

W 27 09:46 PM / 1.26 09:12 AM / -0.67

T 26 08:31 PM / 1.19 06:47 AM / -0.33

W 27 11:32 PM / 1.58 10:44 AM / -0.84

W 27 08:49 PM / 1.17 07:56 AM / -0.28

Th 28 10:30 PM / 1.20 09:53 AM / -0.64

Th 28

Th 28 09:19 PM / 1.12 09:15 AM / -0.23

F 29 11:11 PM / 1.10 10:25 AM / -0.59

F 29 12:16 AM / 1.50 11:57 AM / -0.73

F 29 09:54 PM / 1.06 10:07 AM / -0.17

S 30 11:48 PM / 0.97 10:45 AM / -0.50

S 30 12:57 AM / 1.38 12:17 PM / -0.63

S 30 10:29 PM / 0.97 10:53 AM / -0.09

Su 31

Su 31 01:34 AM / 1.22 12:24 PM / -0.48

Su 31 11:03 PM / 0.83

10:52 AM / -0.38

11:25 AM / -0.80

W 20 05:52 PM / 0.67 09:11 AM / 0.27 Th 21 06:27 PM / 0.85 04:14 AM / 0.14 F 22 07:01 PM / 1.00 04:43 AM / -0.07

11:32 AM / 0.01

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FLORIDA TIDE CHARTS

Pensacola Bay Destin East Pass Navarre Beach F 1 12:04 AM / 1.61 12:00 PM / -0.46 S 2 12:45 AM / 1.51 12:33 PM / -0.40 Su 3 01:18 AM / 1.37 12:52 PM / -0.30

F 1 -11:26 AM / -0.15 S 2 12:12 AM / 0.74 11:59 AM / -0.13

M 4 01:37 AM / 1.17 12:57 PM / -0.16

Su 3 12:45 AM / 0.67 12:18 PM / -0.10 M 4 01:04 AM / 0.57 12:23 PM / -0.05

T 5 01:19 AM / 0.94 12:47 PM / 0.02 10:16 PM / 0.77 --

T 5 12:46 AM / 0.46 12:13 PM / 0.01 09:43 PM / 0.38 --

W 6 08:31 PM / 0.80 12:13 PM / 0.18 Th 7 07:46 PM / 0.94 10:19 AM / 0.28

W 6 07:58 PM / 0.39 11:39 AM / 0.06 Th 7 07:13 PM / 0.46 09:45 AM / 0.09

F 8 07:33 PM / 1.11 05:15 AM / 0.04

F 8 07:00 PM / 0.55 04:41 AM / 0.01 S 9 07:08 PM / 0.63 04:57 AM / -0.06

S 9 07:41 PM / 1.28 05:31 AM / -0.20 Su 10 08:07 PM / 1.43 06:06 AM / -0.39 M 11 08:47 PM / 1.55 06:55 AM / -0.54 T 12 09:36 PM / 1.65 07:57 AM / -0.65 W 13 10:30 PM / 1.73 09:06 AM / -0.76 Th 14 11:25 PM / 1.75 F 15 -S 16 12:17 AM / 1.70 Su 17 01:06 AM / 1.54 M 18 01:51 AM / 1.25

10:12 AM / -0.85 11:08 AM / -0.89 11:54 AM / -0.84 12:27 PM / -0.67 12:46 PM / -0.40

T 19 02:35 AM / 0.87 12:40 PM / -0.08 09:15 PM / 0.51 -W 20 07:10 PM / 0.68 11:35 AM / 0.20 Th 21 06:42 PM / 0.96 F 22 06:52 PM / 1.22 S 23 07:22 PM / 1.39 Su 24 08:04 PM / 1.48 M 25 08:53 PM / 1.50

04:04 AM / 0.01 04:48 AM / -0.34 05:36 AM / -0.59 06:29 AM / -0.73 07:26 AM / -0.79

T 26 09:44 PM / 1.49 08:26 AM / -0.80 W 27 10:33 PM / 1.46 09:24 AM / -0.79 Th 28 11:15 PM / 1.40 10:11 AM / -0.77 F 29 11:50 PM / 1.30 10:45 AM / -0.72 S 30 -11:06 AM / -0.64 Su 31 12:16 AM / 1.15 11:16 AM / -0.52

Su 10 07:34 PM / 0.70 05:32 AM / -0.13 M 11 08:14 PM / 0.76 06:21 AM / -0.18 T 12 09:03 PM / 0.81 07:23 AM / -0.22 W 13 09:57 PM / 0.85 08:32 AM / -0.25 Th 14 10:52 PM / 0.86 09:38 AM / -0.28 F 15 11:44 PM / 0.83 S 16 -Su 17 12:33 AM / 0.75 M 18 01:18 AM / 0.61

10:34 AM / -0.29 11:20 AM / -0.28 11:53 AM / -0.22 12:12 PM / -0.13

T 19 02:02 AM / 0.42 08:42 PM / 0.25 W 20 06:37 PM / 0.33 Th 21 06:09 PM / 0.47 F 22 06:19 PM / 0.60 S 23 06:49 PM / 0.68 Su 24 07:31 PM / 0.72 M 25 08:20 PM / 0.74 T 26 09:11 PM / 0.73 W 27 10:00 PM / 0.71 Th 28 10:42 PM / 0.69 F 29 11:17 PM / 0.64 S 30 11:43 PM / 0.56 Su 31 11:53 PM / 0.44

12:06 PM / -0.03 -11:01 AM / 0.07 03:30 AM / 0.00 04:14 AM / -0.11 05:02 AM / -0.19 05:55 AM / -0.24 06:52 AM / -0.26 07:52 AM / -0.26 08:50 AM / -0.26 09:37 AM / -0.25 10:11 AM / -0.24 10:32 AM / -0.21 10:42 AM / -0.17

78 December 2023 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // 877.314.1237

F 1 10:21 PM / 1.54 09:44 AM / -0.28 S 2 11:06 PM / 1.43 10:18 AM / -0.15 Su M T W

3 11:48 PM / 1.28 4 -5 12:26 AM / 1.11 6 12:50 AM / 0.91

10:38 AM / 0.01 10:43 AM / 0.19 10:38 AM / 0.36 10:23 AM / 0.51

06:40 PM / 0.91 -Th 7 05:38 PM / 1.06 09:28 AM / 0.60 F 8 05:25 PM / 1.23 03:06 AM / 0.41 S 9 05:35 PM / 1.39 03:24 AM / 0.16 Su 10 05:57 PM / 1.52 03:58 AM / -0.08 M 11 06:29 PM / 1.64 04:40 AM / -0.28 T 12 07:07 PM / 1.73 05:31 AM / -0.45 W 13 07:52 PM / 1.79 Th 14 08:39 PM / 1.80 F 15 09:27 PM / 1.75 S 16 10:12 PM / 1.62 Su 17 10:52 PM / 1.40 M 18 11:19 PM / 1.10 T 19 06:04 PM / 0.75 11:08 PM / 0.76 W 20 05:25 PM / 0.93 Th 21 05:11 PM / 1.15 F 22 04:58 PM / 1.35 S 23 05:15 PM / 1.49 Su 24 05:49 PM / 1.56 M 25 06:31 PM / 1.55 T 26 07:16 PM / 1.50 W 27 08:01 PM / 1.44 Th 28 08:45 PM / 1.36 F 29 09:27 PM / 1.27 S 30 10:05 PM / 1.16

06:30 AM / -0.56 07:33 AM / -0.61 08:33 AM / -0.59 09:26 AM / -0.47 10:08 AM / -0.28 10:16 AM / -0.01 09:15 AM / 0.25 08:16 PM / 0.72 08:50 AM / 0.41 03:23 AM / 0.30 03:45 AM / -0.05 04:20 AM / -0.34 05:01 AM / -0.56 05:45 AM / -0.69 06:30 AM / -0.74 07:15 AM / -0.74 07:58 AM / -0.69 08:35 AM / -0.59 09:00 AM / -0.45

Su 31 10:41 PM / 0.99 09:04 AM / -0.28

Panama City F 1 11:25 PM / 1.48 10:27 AM / -0.36 S 2

10:55 AM / -0.27

Su 3 12:03 AM / 1.34 11:09 AM / -0.14 M 4 12:37 AM / 1.16 T 5 01:05 AM / 0.94 09:22 PM / 0.70 W 6 06:55 PM / 0.77 Th 7 06:40 PM / 0.92 F 8 06:30 PM / 1.09 S 9 06:34 PM / 1.26 Su 10 06:59 PM / 1.42 M 11 07:36 PM / 1.54 T 12 08:20 PM / 1.63 W 13 09:11 PM / 1.68 Th 14 10:05 PM / 1.68 F 15 10:58 PM / 1.61 S 16 11:46 PM / 1.46 Su 17 -M 18 12:28 AM / 1.21 T 19 12:59 AM / 0.88 07:45 PM / 0.51 W 20 12:55 AM / 0.51 06:10 PM / 0.69 Th 21 06:09 PM / 0.92 F 22 06:18 PM / 1.15 S 23 06:37 PM / 1.31 Su 24 07:08 PM / 1.42 M 25 07:46 PM / 1.45 T 26 08:30 PM / 1.43 W 27 09:15 PM / 1.39 Th 28 09:58 PM / 1.31 F 29 10:37 PM / 1.22 S 30 11:10 PM / 1.09 Su 31 11:38 PM / 0.87

11:15 AM / -0.01 11:16 AM / 0.14 -10:59 AM / 0.27 09:33 AM / 0.33 04:43 AM / 0.13 04:54 AM / -0.10 05:27 AM / -0.31 06:13 AM / -0.48 07:05 AM / -0.63 07:58 AM / -0.74 08:49 AM / -0.80 09:36 AM / -0.81 10:17 AM / -0.73 10:50 AM / -0.56 11:07 AM / -0.31 11:00 AM / -0.04 10:51 PM / 0.49 10:11 AM / 0.17 -04:01 AM / 0.09 04:25 AM / -0.25 05:04 AM / -0.51 05:49 AM / -0.68 06:36 AM / -0.77 07:24 AM / -0.79 08:09 AM / -0.78 08:48 AM / -0.73 09:18 AM / -0.66 09:35 AM / -0.55 09:39 AM / -0.43

Pascagoula S

Pascagoula

Biloxi Bay F

10:53 AM / -0.32

S 2 12:25 AM / 2.06 11:39 AM / -0.20 Su 3 01:02 AM / 1.85 12:17 PM / -0.04 M 4 01:34 AM / 1.60 12:44 PM / 0.14 T 5 01:49 AM / 1.32 12:50 PM / 0.36 W 6 12:14 AM / 1.03 12:11 PM / 0.56 09:00 PM / 0.98

Th 7 07:49 PM / 1.15 05:49 AM / 0.60 F

8 07:35 PM / 1.39 04:58 AM / 0.28

S 9 07:48 PM / 1.64 05:19 AM / -0.04 Su 10 08:14 PM / 1.86 05:52 AM / -0.33 M 11 08:50 PM / 2.04 06:32 AM / -0.57 T 12 09:31 PM / 2.18 07:17 AM / -0.76 W 13 10:17 PM / 2.25 08:07 AM / -0.89 Th 14 11:05 PM / 2.25 09:01 AM / -0.96 F 15 11:54 PM / 2.15 09:57 AM / -0.95 S 16

10:52 AM / -0.84

Su 17 12:43 AM / 1.92 11:41 AM / -0.62 M 18 01:28 AM / 1.57 12:19 PM / -0.31 T 19 02:00 AM / 1.12 12:28 PM / 0.08 10:41 PM / 0.69

W 20 07:31 PM / 0.80 10:58 AM / 0.41 Th 21 06:48 PM / 1.14 04:14 AM / 0.08

S 2

11:37 AM / 0.10

M 4 01:24 AM / 1.45

11:26 AM / 0.26

5 01:56 AM / 1.22

11:28 AM / 0.42

W 6 02:15 AM / 0.96

11:39 AM / 0.58

07:50 PM / 0.90

Th 7 09:22 AM / 0.73 05:55 AM / 0.66 05:44 PM / 1.07

11:26 AM / 0.73

11:03 PM / 1.15

06:37 AM / 0.43

09:37 AM / 0.68

05:50 AM / 0.60

04:52 PM / 0.48

12:48 AM / 1.04

05:43 AM / 0.75

09:54 AM / 0.91

05:53 PM / 0.31

02:31 AM / 0.99

05:49 AM / 0.90

10:19 AM / 1.14

06:53 PM / 0.13

10:45 AM / 1.37 07:55 PM / -0.03

11:17 AM / 1.56 08:58 PM / -0.15

Su 9

12:01 PM / 1.72 10:13 PM / -0.24

T 11 01:57 PM / 1.90

Share Whighlights 12 02:49 PM / from 1.89 01:05 AM / -0.32 Th 13 03:44 PM / 1.78 02:31 AM / -0.29 your great days outdoors with us! F 14 05:01 PM / 1.60 03:55 AM / -0.21

04:21 AM / 0.11

Su 10 07:18 PM / 1.74 04:53 AM / -0.13 M 11 05:35 AM / -0.32 08:00 PM / 1.91 T 12 08:45 PM / 2.03 06:26 AM / -0.45

info@GreatDaysOutdoors.com S 15 06:37 PM / 1.38 04:48 AM / -0.06

W 13 09:30 PM / 2.10 07:22 AM / -0.52 Th 14 10:17 PM / 2.10 08:21 AM / -0.54

Su 16 09:54 PM / 1.16

F 15 11:10 PM / 2.01 09:24 AM / -0.49

05:23 AM / 0.18

M 17 11:31 AM / 0.75

05:39 AM / 0.48

10:22 AM / -0.36

11:38 PM / 0.99

04:06 PM / 0.60

Su 17 12:07 AM / 1.83 11:01 AM / -0.16

T 18 10:33 AM / 0.92

04:44 AM / 0.76

W 19 09:28 AM / 1.23

06:41 PM / 0.10

S 16

M 18 12:55 AM / 1.55

T 19 01:28 AM / 1.19 10:53 AM / 0.41 08:11 PM / 0.92

W 20 06:50 PM / 1.08 10:41 AM / 0.64 Th 21 05:13 PM / 1.35 04:55 AM / 0.35 F 22 05:41 PM / 1.62 04:36 AM / 0.03

Su 24 08:09 PM / 1.88 06:08 AM / -0.96

Su 24 07:03 PM / 1.94 05:36 AM / -0.37

M 25 08:52 PM / 1.93 06:51 AM / -1.06

M 25 07:49 PM / 2.00 06:18 AM / -0.43

T 26 09:34 PM / 1.90 07:34 AM / -1.08

T 26 08:35 PM / 2.00 07:02 AM / -0.42

W 27 10:17 PM / 1.82 08:17 AM / -1.03

W 27 09:19 PM / 1.96 07:46 AM / -0.36

Th 28 10:57 PM / 1.70 08:58 AM / -0.94

Th 28 10:02 PM / 1.90 08:32 AM / -0.28

F 29 11:34 PM / 1.55 09:38 AM / -0.83

F 29 10:47 PM / 1.79 09:19 AM / -0.18

S 30

S 30 11:35 PM / 1.66 10:00 AM / -0.06 Su 31

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December 2023 Sunrise / Sunset -05:32 PM / 0.33

11:10 AM / 0.12

S 23 06:19 PM / 1.82 05:00 AM / -0.22

Su 31 12:08 AM / 1.36 10:41 AM / -0.52

06:27 AM / 0.27

M 10 12:59 PM / 1.84 11:48 PM / -0.30

8 06:07 PM / 1.31 03:55 AM / 0.38

S 9 06:40 PM / 1.54

F 22 06:59 PM / 1.48 04:44 AM / -0.38

10:13 AM / -0.69

09:27 PM / 1.25

Th 6

S 23 07:30 PM / 1.73 05:25 AM / -0.73

06:14 AM / 0.15

Su 2

W 5

11:12 AM / -0.04

Su 3 12:43 AM / 1.62

07:39 PM / 1.34

11:52 PM / 1.76 10:31 AM / -0.16 --

MISSISSIPPI TIDE CHARTS

10:22 AM / 0.09

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

6:28 AM Th 20 6:29 AM F 21 6:30 AM 6:30 AM S 22 6:31 AM Su 23 6:32 AM M 24 6:33 AM T 25 6:34 AM 6:34 AM W 26 6:35 AM Th 27 6:36 AM F 28 6:36 AM S 6:37 AM 29 6:38 AM Su 30 6:39 AM

4:39 PM 16 6:39 AM 4:41 PM 17 6:40 AM 4:42 PM 4:39 PM 10:27 PM / AM -0.15 4:42 PM 4:39 AM PM / 1.67 1808:38 6:40 4:42 PM 4:39 AM PM / 1.77 1909:35 6:41 11:03 PM / AM -0.17 20 6:41 AM 4:43 PM 4:39 PM 11:45 AM / 1.80 -21 6:42 AM 4:43 PM 4:39 PM 12:39 PM / 1.77 2210:54 6:43 PM / AM -0.14 4:44 PM 4:39 PM 2312:016:43 AM 4:44 PM 01:36 PM / 1.72 AM / -0.09 4:39 PM 24 6:43 AM 4:45 PM 4:39 PM PM / 1.64 2512:576:44 02:27 AM / -0.02 AM 4:46 PM 4:40 PM PM / 1.53 2602:026:44 03:14 AM /AM 0.07 4:46 PM 4:40 PM 4:47 PM 04:06 PM / 1.39 2703:486:45 AM /AM 0.15 4:40 PM 28 6:45 AM 4:47 PM 05:28 AM / 0.26 4:40 PM PM / 1.22 2904:306:45 AM 4:48 PM Airport Bo 4:41 PM PM / 1.05 3004:486:46 07:05 AM /AM 0.40 3766 4:49 PM 4:41 PM geico.com/mobile-al | 31 6:46 AM 4:50 PM 09:55 AM / 1.49 07:44 PM / -0.06

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877.314.1237 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // December 2023 79

Pensacola Motorsports

TROPHY

ROOM

Jeff Green with a beautiful Whitetail taken with his bow and arrow.

JJ Whitaker With a hammer of an American Red Snapper

You didn’t see it coming. Neither did the fish.

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Hayden Lane grinning with a handful of Whitetail antler

Drew Wilson loading up the freezer with his bow

THE DEEPEST BONDS S T A RWT AAKTE TUH PE W S UI LR D FACE THE DEEPEST BONDS S T A RWT AAKTE TUH PE W S UI LR D FACE JETBLASTER ® | YAMAHAWAVERUNNERS.COM FSH FSHSERIES SERIES||YAMAHABOATS.COM YAMAHABOATS.COM JETBLASTER ® | YAMAHAWAVERUNNERS.COM FSH FSHSERIES SERIES||YAMAHABOATS.COM YAMAHABOATS.COM

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618 N New Warrington Rd. • Pensacola, FL 32506 (850) 456-6655 www.pensacolamotorsports.com This document contains many of Yamaha’s valuable trademarks. It may also contain trademarks belonging to other Any trademarks. references to contain other companies products are This document containscompanies. many of Yamaha’s valuable It may also trademarks belonging toor othertheir companies. Any references to for

other companies or their products are for identification purposes only, and are not intended to be an endorsement. Follow instructional materials This document contains many of Yamaha’s valuable trademarks. It mayonly, also contain trademarks belonging other Any references identification purposes and are not intended totobe ancompanies. endorsement. Followtoinstructional and obey all laws. Ride responsibly, wearing protective apparel and USCG-approved personal flotation device. Always ride within your capabilities, other companies or their products are formaterials identification purposes only, and are notand intended to be anwearing endorsement. Follow materials allowing time and distance maneuvering, respect others around you. Never drink and ride. instructional and obey allforlaws. Ride responsibly, protective apparel and USCG-approved WaveRunner® is a Yamaha brand personal watercraft and not a generic term. and obey all laws. Ride responsibly, wearing protective apparel and USCG-approved personal flotation device. Always ride within your capabilities, personal flotation device. Always ride within your capabilities, allowing time and distance for allowing time and distance for maneuvering, and respect others around you. Never drink and ride. maneuvering, anda respect others around you. Never drink and ride. WaveRunner® is a Yamaha brand personal watercraft and not generic term.

Kristen Adair a fter doing battle with a nice red snapper!

WaveRunner® is a Yamaha brand personal watercraft and not a generic term.

877.314.1237 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // December 2023 81

how

KID'S CORNER

TROPHY ROOM

Hank Dawson cheesing with his red snapper, he is thinking about tacos?

Brayden Willis earned these feathers in the snow!

Raelynn Bosarge with a giant speckled trout!

Raylan Ammon-Sipe, 7, excited about his catch

Robert Dunn, 13, and Daniel Paul Robertson, 13, of Semmes, AL. First time frog gigging. Pascagoula, MS.

Coleman Dyess fooled this big bucket mouth

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Advertiser Index A-Team Fishing Adventures . . . . . . . . 3 ADCNR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Admiral Shellfish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 Alabama AG Credit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Buck’s Island Marine . . . . . . . . . . 19, 29 Camper City . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 CCA Alabama . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 Clutch Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Coast Safe & Lock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 Cold Blooded Fishing . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Deep South Crane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Dixie Building Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Fiber Plastics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Fishbites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 Geico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 Greater Gadsden . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 Hilton’s Offshore Charts . . . . . . . . . . 41 Hydraulic Crane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 Killer Dock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Midway Lumber . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 Mossy Oak . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 National Land Realty . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Paradise Marine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Pensacola Motor Sports . . . . . . . . 80-81 Pure Fishing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Pure Flats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Ricciardone Dentistry . . . . . . . . . . . 69 Southern Seed & Feed . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Southeastern Pond Management . . . . 7 Test Calibration Co. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 Texas Hunter Products . . . . . . . . . . . 28 War Eagle Boats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

December Fishing Tip BY DREW MORGAN

As somebody who has been fishing since he could toddle, I went into my first day of fly fishing full of confidence. “Surely,” I told myself, “it can’t be any harder than using a baitcaster.” Famous last words. Either fly casting is harder than using a baitcaster, or I’d forgotten how much frustration a baitcaster caused me on my first trip. Both sound so simple. “Just thumb the spool to slow the lure down,” bass fishermen say. “Remember, you’re casting the line, not the fly,” fly anglers advise. Easy to say, but rather hard to do until you’ve experimented with all of the ways to muck it up. “It’s a feel thing, you’ll pick it up” experienced fishermen will smile, but if you don’t have that “feel,” yet, it’s easy to feel a certain way about the effortless casts they make while you flail away. After a few less-than-relaxing outings where my line kept piling in front of my feet instead of shooting forward, I caught up with Drew Morgan at East Alabama Fly Fishing to see what sage words he had for novices like myself. “The first thing most people fail to realize is that what happens on your back cast is just as or

more important than what happens on your forward cast,” Drew said. “And unfortunately, most of us don’t have eyes in the back of our heads, so we forget all about the back cast. But your back cast is what loads the rod and sets you up for the forward cast.” Drew continues, “If you do it right, you’re actually doing very little work yourself. The rod loading does most of the work. So I try to get people to focus on loading the rod on both the back and the forward cast. A lot of people are what I like to call, “waving the flag.” Their arms are moving, and their rods aren’t. And that’s going to wear you out and negatively impact your casting. Instead of waving a flag, I try to get people to “flick the paintbrush.” If you’ve ever painted a wall, then you know what I’m talking about. But with a fly rod, you make that flicking motion both ways. You flick the line back, and you flick it forward. And you move your arm much less than you do when you’re casting a regular rod. It may look like a lot of work, but the rod is actually doing most of the heavy lifting if you’re doing it right.” DREW MORGAN East Alabama Fly Fishing eastalabamaflyfishing.com

877.314.1237 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // December 2023 85

A GREAT DAY OUTDOORS

How to Hunt Macho intestinal fortitude. Likewise, there are foods to avoid. Among these are Girl Scout cookies, especially the little mint ones, Perrier, hot tea, and breath mints.

BY JIM MIZE Duck-hunting success is an elusive animal, one that will tease and taunt you, and when you think you’ve grasped it by the jugular, it laughs and slips away. So you spend weeks, months, and years studying the duck’s habits, its feeding patterns, and the shape of its droppings. All of this is good dinnerparty conversation material, especially the part about the droppings, but it probably won’t ensure hunting success. If you study the duck hunters you admire, for instance the ones who are continually successful, you will note a thread of commonality. Vile, scraggly, and unkempt, they have learned to dress for success. But this is just an outward sign of their innermost thoughts. These men have learned how to hunt macho. To understand macho, you need to go to its origin. Macho came from the Spanish word machismo, which is used to describe an individual with a strong sense of masculine pride. For example, in Spain, men show their machismo by fighting the bull, or as Hemingway did, by running in front of the bull. Here, men are more likely to show their machismo by shooting the bull. Although shooting the bull is not a form of hunting, the two often go hand in hand. Unfortunately, the more a hunter shoots the bull, the less likely he is to shoot anything else. That’s because he has not learned how to hunt macho. Ducks, wily and knowing, respect machismo like no other game animal. And to hunt macho, you must learn to dress, act, and think hard and cold. But it works. To help you along, the following guidelines outline the fundamental elements of machismo. If you follow these to the letter, you are guaranteed to become a successful duck hunter. Clothes: You can do no better than to dress in the refuse from an Army-Navy store. Olive drab draws machismo from having been designed for fighting men. Additional machismo is gained by having been worn by fighting men. The ultimate in machismo comes from having been left unwashed by fighting men. If olive drab is unavailable, the next best is camouflage. Anything can be purchased in camouflage including coats, hats, underwear, wallets, handkerchiefs, ear plugs, garter belts, toilet tissue, and probably soon, Q-tip swabs.

Transportation: Again, think hard and cold. The utmost macho vehicle is an old Willys with no heater, the passenger window missing, and bald tires. If it comes with a spare, be sure it’s flat or discard it. Also, the rear fender on the driver’s side should have tobacco juice stains on it. If you don’t dip or chew, ask a friend to spit on your Jeep. Furthermore, never park within two miles of your hunting site, even if it’s within a stone’s throw of an interstate. Duck meat ages best while being dragged, carried, and otherwise bounced inside an oversized sack of decoys. About two miles will eliminate the need for meat tenderizers even if you shot a coot. Lodging: Staying in a motel is confessing to wimphood. Real men camp. Furthermore, macho men leave their tents at home, especially in rainy or frigid weather, and spend the night on the ground, curled in an itchy wool blanket. Camping gear should be lashed onto a board and carried on your back, and any pack under sixty pounds should be weighted with rocks. Other Grooming: Your hair should be kept very short or very long. Make it clear that the last three people to wisecrack about your hair were able to take advantage of the group rate at Monty’s Mortuary. Bathing is a weekly option, but deodorant an absolute no-no. If you must wear something, try buck lure. The Finer Points: These are the pointers that ensure the higher degree of machismo. First, think of all the tough men you remember: Hulk Hogan, Rocky, John “The Duke” Wayne, Dirty Harry, and Rambo. They all have tough nicknames. You too will need a nickname. Among some of the better ones are Buck, Gus, Spike, Killer, and Tank. On the other hand, some names should be avoided, such as Pinky, Thumper, Bambi, Bozo, and Shorty. You might be wondering how all this machismo gear and philosophy will guarantee duck-hunting success. Considering the level of involvement required, that’s a fair question. It works like this. This winter when you go duck hunting, if you drive into the swamp in an old Willys, step into the pre-dawn chill wearing only unwashed army-surplus clothes, lash on a weighted pack, and walk to your blind with nothing more than a cold can of beans, a beat-up gun, and a macho attitude, the first mallard to see you will die laughing. Wood ducks will drop from the smell when they flare down-wind. Cold and hard don’t come easy. But then, success never does.

Facial Hair: The scraggly appearance of a beard or mustache greatly adds to your machismo. This is also true for men. Food: To become truly macho, you must eat to become hard and cold. Remember, you are what you eat. Macho foods include wild game jerky such as coyote, buffalo, armadillo, and moose jerky. Bannock, beans eaten cold from the can, raw eggs, and black coffee will test your mind, will, and 86 December 2023 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // 877.314.1237

JIM MIZE buys most of his clothes at the Army-Navy store. You can purchase Jim’s new book, The Jon Boat Years, at https://uscpress.com/The-Jon-Boat-Years or buy autographed copies at www.acreektricklesthroughit.com.

Celebrate the Holidays in Gadsden!

Enjoy the festive season with all your favorites: Christmas at The Falls, Downtown Open House, Boat and Street Parades, Christmas Tree Lighting & Mistletoe Market. New this year, don't miss the Christmas on the Coosa Skating Rink!

For all the details visit GreaterGadsden.com 877.314.1237 // GreatDaysOutdoors.com // December 2023 87

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