Chapter 9: System Design & Infrastructure Assessment

Detailed Project Report for Municipal Solid Waste Management Collection & Transportation for Nagar Palika Parishad Maharajganj

Chapter 9: System Design and Infrastructure Assessment

The objective of any MSW treatment initiative should be to minimize the waste quantity delivered to the processing plant and landfill. Reduce, reuse, recycle and recover concept shall be adopted to reduce the waste generation. The paper, plastics, glass and metals etc. can be reused and recycled. This will enable us to save the valuable resources, while saving energy for equivalent quantity of resources can be extracted from organic portion of waste and used, whereas the inert can be delivered to landfill.

The report has brought out the key issues of proper technology selection for MSW for identifying and assessing several treatment technological options available for particular waste composition of the NPP area. The evaluation with the commercial viability and technical feasibility of different alternatives and recommendation of the best suitable option(s) for treatment will increase the efficiency of solid waste disposal system.

The focus of the report is to evaluate the present situation of MSW disposal in BNPP area, based on site visits, available data after discussions and information provided by NPP official. An approach to design a sustainable MSW collection and transportation system to meet the future challenges is presented. Various criteria are covered, such as the appropriateness of different collection and transportation options for MSW of NPP, modularity, upgradeability, suitability, regulatory acceptability, reliability and the environmental effects of technology, includingcost involved.Fordesigningtheprimary & secondarycollection and transportation of MSW at Maharajganj, the following has been considered.

• NPP comprises of 25 municipal wards covering an area of 27.83 km2 , has population of about 1.1 lakhs in 2021 and generates about 26.67 tons of municipal solid waste per day. Current treatment practice involves direct dumping of waste.

• The qualitative and quantitative assessment for solid waste is carried out at all the major sources of generation. The study was conducted by Consultant, Maharajganj during field visit in July 2021. Quantum of waste generation varies between 239 gm/capita/day. Characterization studies indicate that MSW contains large organic fraction (31.6– 58.9%), metal content (0.28 – 1.02%) and average inert 17.0%, average moisture content is 41.83%, calorific value of refuse ranges between 862.4 – 1090.7 kcal/kg and C/N ratio is between 9:1 to 31:1.

• Population growth of about 17.86 % per year has been estimated till 2041 for Maharajganj NNP. The solid waste generation in NPP Mrj will also increase in similar way. The estimate shows that population by 2038 would be 6.23 lakhs.

PROPOSED WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

The options analysis has resulted in the identification of a recommended system, the highlights of which are as follows:

Primary Waste Collection

• Door-to-door collection service supplemented with community bin services for residential areas;

Detailed Project Report for Municipal Solid Waste Management Collection & Transportation for Nagar Palika Parishad Maharajganj

ptimise vehicle usage by scheduliom different sources.

Secondary Waste Collection

• Compactor with Hydraulic Lift for stationary bins from residential areas; and

• Dumper Placer with Dumper Placer bins for markets and commercial area

• Collection of street sweeping waste Auto tipper.

The schematic diagram and route map of the proposed scheme for collection and transportation to Processing

Plant:

Figure 9-1: Proposed Scheme for Collection and Transportation

Detailed Project Report for Municipal Solid Waste Management Collection & Transportation for Nagar Palika Parishad Maharajganj

BASIC DESIGN – WASTE COLLECTION &TRANSPORTATION

Primary Collection The function of primary waste collection is to collect waste from households and market/commercial areas in a manner that is operationally efficient, convenient for residents and minimizes nuisance and public health risks through effective waste containment and reduced waste handling. Provision of primary collection services is necessary to ensure that waste is not disposed of on the streets, in drains or in the water bodies.

The basic design concept developed for primary collection includes the following elements:

• Door to door collection will be performed each morning for residential areas which are accessible through door-to-door collection, as well as hotels and restaurants generators.

• Two separate household bins will have to be provided for Segregated (wet and dry) waste collection.

• Inaccessible areas specially slum areas, vegetable/ fruit markets and other commercial generators will deposit the waste in the community bins or secondary collection points.

• Residents are alerted to the primary collector’s presence by whistle, and bring their waste to the collector on the street. Distances that residents travel to reach the collector may varybased on the road access in a particular area.

• Primary Collectors deposit waste received from households in plastic bins contained on a tricycle rickshaw, handcart and battery-operated tricycles. Each tricycle will be equipped with a set of six containers of 150 litre capacity each and handcart will be equipped with a set of six containers of 120 litre capacity each.

• Auto tipper will be used for collection of waste from primarily hotels/restaurants and market areas.

• Primary Collectors deposit collected waste in designated containers at secondary collection points.

• A ratio of two workers per tricycle/handcart and two workers per auto battery-operated tricycles and two workers for auto tipper has been assumed. It is noted that this assumption does not provide for typical staffing related shortfalls, such as absenteeism, illness and vacationtime.

• Average life for handcart, tricycles, battery operated tricycle has been considered 5 years and auto tipper has been considered as 10 years.

Secondary Collection and Transportation

The function of the secondary collection system is to consolidate and store the waste collected by the primary collection system prior to transport to treatment and disposal site. Additionally, the secondary collection points provide collection capacity for municipal wastes generated that are not captured by the primary collection system.

Detailed Project Report for Municipal Solid Waste Management Collection & Transportation for Nagar Palika Parishad Maharajganj

The basic components of the secondary collection system design are as follows:

• Primary collectors bring the waste collected from households to secondary collection points distributed strategically throughout the NPP area. Inaccessible area specially slum households will deposit waste at community bins/ secondary collection points located within accessible distance from the slum areas.

• Each secondary collection point in residential areas will have one covered 1100 litre capacity bins with lifting facilities for emptying into the refuse compactor

• Refuse compactor of 8 m3 capacity is recommended for collection waste from the 1100 litre bins daily. Each refuse compactor will make 3 trips per day.

• For each secondary collection point in market and commercial areas will have one covered dumper placer container of 2500 litre capacity. Waste collected from hotels/restaurants using auto tipper will also deposit the waste in these dumper placer container

• Dumper placer containers are removed daily for transfer to treatment and disposalsite.

• Empty containers are returned to the secondary collection point on another collectiontrip.

• Street sweeping waste will be collected using tractor trailer/ tipper trucks

• Average life for bins is considered as 5 years; average life for auto tipper and vehicles has been considered as 10 years.

• For manpower planning, one driver and one helper per vehicle is assumed. Helper should help the waste collection from the secondary collection points. Supervisory staff has been assumed as one for each ward.

• Sweeping of the roads in the Nagar Palika shall be carried out both by manual as well as mechanical sweeping.

The estimated primary and secondary collection equipment’s and vehicles required for Maharajganj is summarized in Table 9-1.

Table 9-1: Total Vehicles or Equipment’s Requirement for Primary & Secondary Collection and Transportation

Sl. No. Item 2021 2026 2031 2036 2041

1 12 L HH Bins 49,755 71,484 93,214 1,37,699 1,82,184

2 Hand cart with bins 14 18 29 45 84

3 Tricycle with bins 12 15 24 36 50

4 Community Bin with capacity 4 6 8 12 16 2.5 cum

Detailed Project Report for Municipal Solid Waste Management Collection & Transportation for Nagar Palika Parishad Maharajganj

5 Community Bin with capacity 15 18 30 44 62 1.1 cum

6 Battery Operated Tricycles 10 15 20 31 39

7 Auto Tipper 2 5 10

8 Dumper Placer 1 5 7

9

10 Refuse Compactor Mechanical street Sweeper 5 12 13

1 1 2

Note: Year wise vehicles and equipment’s calculation based on the above mentioned basic design