ANATOMY OF THE AMC VERSION 1.0
GOOD ARCHITECTURE is circular is using new energy must adapt to the people A NEW ARCHITECT reinvent the future now anticipate as an engineer is innovative The Anatomy of the AMC is based on a selection of drawings, photographs and current insights, a storytelling about the strength of the building, the potential for innovation and the position as a designer. How does this relate to the identity of the building?
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INTRO The AMC in Amsterdam is the largest academic hospital in the Netherlands and comprises of about half a million square meters of floor space. The design dates back to the end of the seventies and is from the Dutch architects of Mourik and Duintjer. In addition to buildings, covered streets and squares, the complex also includes the medical faculty of the University of Amsterdam. The facades of the 40-year-old AMC are due for renovation. A lot of preliminary research has been done in recent years. AMC is faced with a historical choice about what to do. The renovation project, with all its possibilities and dilemmas, is a unique opportunity to explore different possible solutions. Another factor that plays a role here is that the AMC is and remains in full use during the renovation. How to deal with a lifetime of thirty years, for example? How to deal with circularity and how do energy requirements, indoor climate and faรงade renewal influence each other? What are the lines of thought now that political thinking about energy and material use has been put on the agenda? Which variants are possible and how is this in balance with the sizeable investments aimed at achieving energy neutrality? Which requirements are fixed in 2050? What can we anticipate? At the same time, AMC also has an architectural value and will become a monument. How do you deal with that? Students, lecturers and researchers from BK TU Delft have been asked by AMC to develop design ideas and visions. These ideas and visions can be a unique and inspiring breeding ground for feeding the agenda of innovation.
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An inventory of topics: โข Good architectural analysis of what is valuable; โข Organize and visualize design visions of different solution directions; โข Develop a vision on how to integrate new energy and material diversity; โข Make visible new architectural insights and use; โข A symposium and exhibition will be organized in the autumn of 2018. The innovation issue is broad, it is not only about giving a design solution but it brings together many aspects such as: the history of the building, the place in the city, hospital architecture, the life cycle of buildings, management for planning, investing and organizing, flexibility in use, and so on. It is a challenging and topical subject that demands creativity, inventiveness and visionary thinking from a broad spectrum of generalists and specialists. BK TU Delft works together on the vision with AMC, AMS, the municipality of Amsterdam and Atelier Rijksbouwmeester. Within BK TU Delft it is a collaboration between the departments AE + T and MBE. Programs will be offered by Bucky Lab, Delft seminars on building technology, aE studio / intecture and the Building Technology track. The architectural engineering chair coordinates the various program components. More information? Send an email to Barbara Vliet-Van der Haas (B.T.vanVliet-vanderHaas@tudelft.nl)
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CONTENTS I. AMC STOCK
11
35
MONOLITH
FACADE
15
39
CONSTRUCTION AND
FRAGMENT
STRUCTURE
II. FLOWS FLOW
19
47
FUNCTIONALITY
COMPONENT
25
51
FLEXIBILITY
ACCENT
31
55
PUBLIC
CONTEXT
60
66
ENERGY
MATERIAL
62
68
GREEN
INFRASTRUCTURE
64 WATER
MAKE
III. HEALING ENVIRONMENT
74
84
AMC - REDUCTION
SUMMERSUIT OR
CITY
WINTERCOAT
76
86
AMC - PRODUCTION
GREEN CITY
CITY 78
88
AMC - CIRCULAR CITY
PLUG-IN CITY
80
90
AMC - FLEXIBEL CITY
ICON AT CITY EDGE
82 AMC - CAMPUS
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I
AMC
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1 MONOLITH A system of buildings and parts, according to a set up unit, which together form a whole. The total distinguishes itself in size, scale and material and is reflected in the environment.
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PICTURE AFTER DELIVERY IN 1980รข€™S
1:5000
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2 CONSTRUCTION AND STRUCTURE In the silhouette, a high-rise and a low-rise structure each with its own characteristics and characteristics. These are woven together in a system that is made up of a uniform concrete supporting structure.
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Collegezaal 2
Collegezaal 3
Collegezaal 1
Collegezaal 4
Collegezaal 5
Maarten Jansz Koster Zaal
Johan Fonteyn Zaal
Sebastiaan Egbertsz Zaal
CONCRETE CASCO
FLOORPLAN - 1:750
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3 FUNCTIONALITY The building has three main users with their own requirements and wishes: A safe, clean and efficient work environment for doctors and nurses, recovery area for the patient and a working environment for education and research in the university.
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K
RESEARCH & EDUCATION
G
BED TOWER
COMBINATION OF FUNCTIONS
C
HOSPITAL
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1:500 SEPT. 2018
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Vlekkenplan Ruimtesoort 15-02-2018
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Vlekkenplan Ruimtesoort 27-07-2017
A | LEVEL 0
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C0-406-3 C0-324
J0-222
H0-122
D0-411 D0-411-1
C0-329
C0-413-2
H0-123
H0-124 H0-124-1
H0-207 D0-156
C0-328
C0-320
C0-319
C0-411
C0-402
H0-144
J0-227-4 H0-239
D0-154
D0-410 D0-410-1 C0-317
C0-316
J0-220-1
H0-100
D0-229
C0-330
C0-315
H0-134
D0-223 C0-332
C0-409-1
C0-410
C0-401
D0-228
C0-416
C0-407-2 C0-409
H0-133 H0-100-1
H0-269-1 H0-269-2
H0-258
D0-140
D0-146-1
J0-229 J0-227-3
H0-140
H0-213
D0-225-4
C0-309-2 C0-309-4
C0-407 C0-406-1
H0-268-1 H0-268-2 H0-268-3
D0-225
D0-225-2
H0-119
H0-132
H0-134-1
H0-212
D0-222
D0-137
C0-408
H0-125
H0-103
H0-105 H0-211
D0-153
D0-415 D0-146
C0-407-1
C0-403
D0-225-1
D0-242
C0-414
J0-126
H0-131-1
H0-268
D0-225-3
D0-157
C0-335
C0-310
J0-128
J0-227-1
D0-206-1
D0-143 D0-142
C0-333 C0-308
H0-138
H0-104
D0-152
C0-414-2 C0-414-3 C0-414-4 C0-414-1 C0-125-1 C0-125-2
J0-125-1
H0-118-1 H0-118
H0-130
H0-106
D0-151
D0-144-2
C0-125 C0-122
J0-125
H0-129
H0-281
H0-269
D0-145
H0-128
H0-280 D0-136
D0-143-1 D0-142-1 D0-140-1 D0-144
H0-127
H0-298
D0-144-1
C0-334
J0-122-5
H0-285 D0-241
D0-199
C0-307
J0-122-4
๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏
๏ ๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏
H0-102
D0-218
C0-417 C0-406
H0-101
H0-137
D0-150
D0-139
๏๏๏ ๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏
J0-127
D0-130
D0-132
C0-219
C0-218
J0-105
J0-125-2
H0-282
D0-133
C0-223
C0-124
C0-123
D0-131
D0-134
J0-113
J0-114
H0-139-1
H0-126
C0-202-1
J0-122-1
๏๏๏๏๏ ๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏
H0-141
H0-139
C0-126 C0-220
๏๏ ๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏
H0-108
H0-130-1 C0-131
J0-114-1 J0-115-2 J0-116
๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏
๏๏๏๏๏ ๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏
D0-219 D0-220
C0-215
J0-122-3
D0-119-1
C0-215-1
C0-221-1 C0-221-3 C0-222-1 C0-222-3 C0-221 C0-222 C0-221-2 C0-222-2 C0-222-4 C0-221-4
C0-117-1
D0-211
D0-127
D0-124
C0-197 C0-202-2
D0-126
D0-199-1
J0-123
J0-115-3
๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏
H0-283
๏๏๏ ๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏
D0-220-1
D0-119
๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏
C0-202
C0-132
C0-109 C0-117-8
D0-103
C0-204
C0-216
D0-125
J0-115
J0-122
H0-112-3
H0-116
๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏ D0-220-2
๏๏๏๏๏๏๏ ๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏
C0-205-1
C0-117 C0-117-7
D0-111
H0-112-4
H0-113-1
๏๏๏๏๏๏ ๏๏๏ ๏๏๏๏๏๏
๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏
C0-204-1 C0-225-1 C0-234
H0-111-3 H0-112-1
H0-110-3
๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏
D0-206
C0-228
C0-117-6 C0-117-3
D0-102
J0-111
J0-117 J0-122-2
๏๏๏ ๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏
H0-112-2 H0-111-4
H0-111-1
H0-115
D0-221 C0-117-5 C0-117-4C0-116
H0-111-2 H0-110-4
H0-110-1 H0-109
D0-217
J0-101 J0-112
๏๏๏๏๏๏๏ ๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏
H0-141-1 H0-110-2
D0-221-1
D0-117-2
J0-115-1
J0-108-2 H0-142
๏๏๏ ๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏
D0-209
D0-117-1 D0-117
D0-116
D0-110
๏๏๏ ๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏
C0-136
D0-208
D0-115
๏๏๏๏๏ ๏๏๏๏๏๏ ๏
J0-108-1 J0-110
๏๏๏๏๏ ๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏ H0-284
๏๏๏๏๏๏๏ ๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏
D0-215-1
D0-215
D0-212 D0-201
๏๏๏ ๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏
C0-233
C0-102
D0-108
D0-101
C0-205 C0-107 C0-115
H0-198
๏๏๏๏๏ ๏๏๏๏๏๏ ๏
J0-104
J0-103 J0-104-1 J0-104-2
J0-102-2 J0-119-1J0-102-1
J0-118-2
๏๏๏๏๏ ๏๏๏๏๏๏ ๏
J0-102
J0-119 J0-119-2
D0-434
D0-313
H0-227
H0-228
H0-226
H0-225
J0-213 J0-214
D0-312 H0-230
D0-304-1
H0-223
H0-229
J0-212
J0-211
J0-210
J0-208
J0-209
J0-207
J0-206 J0-205
D0-438
D0-440-1 D0-440-2
D0-304 D0-404 D0-439-2 D0-439-1
Bouwdeel C Verdieping 0
Vlekkenplan Ruimtesoort 15-02-2018
C | LEVEL 0
H0-299 D0-303
D0-302
Bouwdeel D Verdieping 0
J0-248
D0-301
Vlekkenplan Ruimtesoort 15-02-2018
D | LEVEL 0
H | LEVEL 0
Bouwdeel H Verdieping 0
J | LEVEL 0
Vlekkenplan Ruimtesoort 15-02-2018
Bouwdeel J Verdieping 0
Vlekkenplan Ruimtesoort 15-02-2018
๏๏๏๏๏ ๏๏๏๏๏๏ ๏ ๏๏๏๏๏ ๏๏๏๏๏๏ ๏
๏๏๏๏๏ ๏๏๏๏๏๏ ๏
E0-111-1 E0-107 E0-101
E0-109-1 E0-109-3
E0-111
E0-109
E0-108
E0-113 E0-112-1 E0-112-2 E0-112-3
F0-500
F0-106
F0-109
F0-114
F0-501-2
๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏ ๏๏๏ ๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏
E0-104-1
E0-105-1 E0-105
F0-503
F0-504
F0-507
F0-107
F0-513
E0-116-2
F0-136
F0-108
F0-110
F0-111
F0-112
F0-113
K0-108
K0-109
K0-110
K0-111
K0-112
K0-114
K0-113
F0-506
K0-115
K0-116
K0-117
K0-103-1 K0-102
K0-118
K0-119
K0-120
K0-121
K0-122
๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏
K0-123K0-123-1
F0-132-1
F0-514
F0-116
F0-131 F0-126
F0-115-1
F0-124 F0-123 F0-130
F0-128
F0-125
K0-103-2
K0-165
K0-163
F0-101
E0-116
E0-116-3
M0-105
M0-106
M0-107
M0-109 M0-108
K0-135 K0-139
K0-131
K0-129
K0-137 K0-133
K0-168
K0-169
K0-170
K0-167
K0-127
K0-173
M0-198
K0-162
M0-131
M0-110
๏๏๏๏๏๏๏ ๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏
K0-159
๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏
๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏
K0-125
K0-126
๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏
๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏
๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏ K0-176
๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏ ๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏
M0-104 M0-101
๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏
๏ ๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏
M0-122
K0-161
M0-112
M0-115
M0-116
๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏
M0-117
M0-111
๏ก๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏ K0-158
K0-156
K0-154
K0-152
K0-150
K0-148
K0-146
K0-144
K0-142
K0-140
K0-138
K0-136
K0-134
K0-132
K0-130
M0-123 M0-130
F0-132
M0-132
F0-135
E0-199
F0-117 F0-103
M0-101-1
๏๏๏ ๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏
F0-121
F0-102
F0-104
M0-106-1
M0-102 M0-103
F0-520 F0-105-1
M0-100
M0-102-1 M0-106-2
๏ ๏๏๏๏ ๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏
F0-122
F0-133
๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏
M0-105-1
๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏
K0-103
๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏ ๏๏๏๏๏๏
๏๏๏ ๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏
F0-134
F0-502-3
K0-102-2
๏๏๏ ๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏
๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏
F0-502-1 F0-502-2 F0-502
๏๏๏๏๏ ๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏
E0-122
K0-107
๏๏ ๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏
F0-105
F0-505
F0-502-4
E0-126
K0-106
๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏
F0-508
๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏
E0-116-1 E0-103
F0-132-2
F0-511
F0-512
E0-115
K0-105
๏๏๏๏๏๏๏ ๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏
F0-510 F0-501 F0-501-1 F0-509
๏๏๏ ๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏
K0-104 K0-102-1
E0-112-6
E0-104
E0-100
E0-102
E0-114
E0-110 E0-109-13 E0-109-14
K0-104-1
๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏
๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏
K0-101
๏๏๏๏๏๏ ๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏
๏๏๏๏๏๏๏ ๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏
E0-112
E0-109-7 E0-109-5
๏๏๏๏๏ ๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏
๏๏๏๏๏๏ ๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏
E0-112-8 E0-112-10
E0-111-2
๏๏๏๏๏ ๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏
๏๏๏๏๏๏๏ ๏๏๏๏๏ ๏๏๏๏๏๏
๏๏๏๏๏ ๏๏๏๏๏๏ ๏
๏๏๏๏๏ ๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏๏
F0-119
M0-134
F0-115 K0-166
F0-120
M0-124 F0-115-2
E0-106 F0-219
F0-220
F0-221
F0-222
F0-223
F0-224
F0-118
F0-137
K0-192
K0-191
K0-190
M0-118
E0-116-5
E0-120-1
F0-290
F0-252
E0-123
E0-117
M0-119
M0-120
M0-121
M0-199
F0-100
E0-127
E0-121
M0-125
F0-100-1
F0-100-2
M0-135
E0-118 F0-216
F0-228
F0-227
F0-226
F0-200
F0-225
F0-201
M0-126
K0-298
F0-263
E0-120
K0-214
K0-207
F0-217
E0-258
K0-206-2
K0-220
F0-202
K0-214-1
K0-215
F0-215
M0-136-2 F0-204
E0-119-1 F0-230
F0-259
F0-203
M0-136-3
M0-136-1
M0-127
F0-237 F0-238 F0-239 K0-217
E0-259 E0-119-2
F0-249 F0-242 F0-243
F0-240
E0-119 E0-208
E0-256
F0-231
E0-209
F0-244
F0-260
F0-245
F0-243-2 F0-243-1 F0-246-1
F0-214
E0-257
K0-206-1
K0-208-1
F0-246
M0-128 K0-219
F0-235 F0-233
E0-254
F0-247
F0-256
F0-257
F0-254
E0-210
E0-119-3
F0-256-1 F0-241
F0-232
E0-209-1
F0-234
K0-218
F0-264
F0-248
K0-206
M0-129
F0-253
F0-236
F0-213
F0-280
F0-255
F0-261
K0-208
M0-299
F0-251
F0-250
K0-202
K0-203
M0-220
M0-221
M0-222
M0-223
M0-224
K0-204
M0-229
E0-255 E0-260
E0-227 E0-270
E0-220
K0-203-2 K0-202-1 K0-202-2 K0-203-1
E0-202 K0-220-1
F0-265
E0-252
F0-262
E0-227-2 E0-299
E0-261
E0-251
F0-212
E0-228-1
E0-271
F0-211
F0-210
F0-209
F0-208
F0-207
F0-206
K0-209
K0-210
K0-211
K0-212
K0-213
K0-205
K0-216
M0-224-1 M0-223-1
K0-218-1
K0-213-1
M0-228
K0-201
F0-205
M0-220-1
F0-250-1
E0-221
E0-261-1
M0-232
E0-263
E0-248 E0-222
E0-250
K0-299
E0-229
M0-215
F0-299
E0-247 E0-265
M0-227
M0-233
E0-228
E0-272 E0-264
E0-222-1
M0-217
M0-212 M0-213
E0-273
M0-218
M0-219
E0-224-1 E0-299-1 E0-250-2
E0-230 E0-250-1
Bouwdeel F Verdieping 0
E0-228-2
E0-266 E0-274
M0-214
Vlekkenplan Ruimtesoort 15-02-2018
E0-224
M0-211
Bouwdeel K Verdieping 0
Vlekkenplan Ruimtesoort 15-02-2018
e
e
M0-226
M0-216
M0-230
M0-231
E0-206 E0-205
M0-225
kl
E0-204 M0-202
E0-234-1 E0-234-3 E0-242
E0-234
M0-230-2
M0-205
M0-206
M0-207
M0-208
M0-209
E0-234-2 M0-202-1
E0-241 E0-236
E0-243
M0-203 M0-204 M0-201
E0-235
E0-233
E0-232
E0-231
E0-238-1
E0-238
M0-201-1
M0-210
M0-200
E0-240 E0-238-2
E | LEVEL 0 ANATOMY OF THE AMC | 22
F | LEVEL 0
K` | LEVEL 0 ANATOMY OF THE AMC | 23
M | LEVEL 0 SEPT. 2018
4 FLEXIBILITY The concrete skeleton offers enormous flexibility through the alternation of building layers with a technical layer in the entire low-rise structure. The high-rise has the technical layer on top. Because the public layer is located on level 1, the ground level acts as a โbasementโ below the building. ANATOMY OF THE AMC | 24
ANATOMY OF THE AMC | 25
SEPT. 2018
ANATOMY OF THE AMC | 26
ANATOMY OF THE AMC | 27
SEPT. 2018
K BG
BG
MV
MV
MV
G
BG
BG
BG
MV
MV
TECHNICAL LEVEL
C
BG
BG
MV
ANATOMY OF THE AMC | 28
ANATOMY OF THE AMC | 29
SEPT. 2018
5 PUBLIC Between all parts of the monolith an intermediate layer connects the reception, circulation and collective space. This in-between space continues to transform into a covered shopping street, with commerce and catering, embedded in the functionality of the hospital.
ANATOMY OF THE AMC | 30
ANATOMY OF THE AMC | 31
SEPT. 2018
Collegezaal 2
Collegezaal 3
Collegezaal 1
Collegezaal 4
Collegezaal 5
Maarten Jansz Koster Zaal
Johan Fonteyn Zaal
Sebastiaan Egbertsz Zaal
COLLECTIVE SPACE
FLOORPLAN LEVEL 0 - 1:750
ANATOMY OF THE AMC | 32
ANATOMY OF THE AMC | 33
SEPT. 2018
6 FACADE Both low-rise and high-rise buildings have a horizontal articulation in the facade, which can mainly be read from the concrete elements. In low-rise buildings, continuous concrete balconies occur on user layers, whereas concrete bands characterise the technical layers. The high-rise building consists of a concrete faเธฃเธade cladding that alternates with strips of glass. ANATOMY OF THE AMC | 34
ANATOMY OF THE AMC | 35
SEPT. 2018
ANATOMY OF THE AMC | 36
ANATOMY OF THE AMC | 37
SEPT. 2018
7 FRAGMENT 3 fragments show faเธฃเธade view and cross-section at the location of 3 different functions: at the hospital (c), at the location of the bed tower (g), and at the site of the laboratories (k).
ANATOMY OF THE AMC | 38
ANATOMY OF THE AMC | 39
SEPT. 2018
C ANATOMY OF THE AMC | 40
C 1:50
ANATOMY OF THE AMC | 41
1:50
SEPT. 2018
G ANATOMY OF THE AMC | 42
G 1:50
ANATOMY OF THE AMC | 43
1:50
SEPT. 2018
K ANATOMY OF THE AMC | 44
K 1:50
ANATOMY OF THE AMC | 45
1:50
SEPT. 2018
8 COMPONENT The composition of the components determines the technical capacity and manifests the appearance of the whole.
ANATOMY OF THE AMC | 46
ANATOMY OF THE AMC | 47
SEPT. 2018
FAร‡ADE FRAGMENT K
2.3m
balustrade 3.3m steel plate 2.3m
balcony with railing
3.3m
joist balcony
ANATOMY OF THE AMC | 48
ANATOMY OF THE AMC | 49
SEPT. 2018
9 ACCENT The concrete building blocks of columns, beams, plates and cams, together with the presence of technology, tubes and colour, makes the machine of the AMC architectural manifest.
ANATOMY OF THE AMC | 50
ANATOMY OF THE AMC | 51
SEPT. 2018
BASE DETAIL
CHARACTERISTICS
ANATOMY OF THE AMC | 52
ANATOMY OF THE AMC | 53
SEPT. 2018
10 CONTEXT - ZUIDOOST AIR
T S
RE
N
TU
E
ECO
I
UC
R
TR
T
AS
OD
U
ANATOMY OF THE AMC | 54
FR
FO
N
IN
RGY
RE SO UR CE S
ENE
WATER
LOG
Y
B I O D I V E R S I T Y
Improving the energy performance of the AMC is not an isolated task, but is about vision and making choices. Technical goals are determined, not only out of urgency, but out of potential. How do they relate to spatial and functional aspects? Can these goals reinforce each other? And what material and design choices are included?
ANATOMY OF THE AMC | 55
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CURRENT STIUATION
AMSTERDAM ZUIDOOST
ANATOMY OF THE AMC | 56
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II
FLOWS
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energy opportunities for reduction, production & green energy No โgreen energyโ production..
Diesel 20.559 kg
Backup elerticity 52 MWh
Heating 47223 MWh
Transmission
Heat 56176 MWh Tap water 3500 MWh
From fossil fuels: 40262 tonnes Ventilation 20988 MWh
Gas 204278 m3
Lighting 17490 MWh
Electricity 112353 MWh Applainces 38102 MWh
Electricity: 6802
Cooling 15741 MWh Moisturizing 5247 MWh
Cold: 1237 tonnes
Lost 18725 MWh
Medical and research equipment 48754 MWh
The face of the built environment is changing radically: newly built houses have to be energy neutral from 2020 on (In Brussels โnearly zero energyโ is a commonly used term, but to acclaim this one has to aim for complete energy neutrality). The existing built environment will follow this aim on a longer term. This major development will have consequences for the buildingโs appearance. In the least preferable case it implies that we will get an equal building with a thicker facade and solar panels; in a more preferable case it will lead to new forms of architecture, which is a welcome development for the current building practice. It took some time, but by now most architects understand that the energy challenge in the building practise is intertwined with the architectural design itself rather than only the engineering deliverd by the building services consultant. The energy perfomance code had become so strict that engineers conclude adding more technological solutions is not sufficient (and moreover it will not be accepted). The energy challenge is a challenge for integral design1. Limitations of the future: โข Waste incineration cannot function as a sustainable source in the long term. โข Deep geothermal energy can only partially replace heat from waste incineration. โข There is too little biogas to replace natural gas. โข Therefore: Be smart with high temperature (HT) heat. โข Do not use them for new buildings! โข Amsterdam cannot generate sufficient sustainable electricity within its on its boundaries. โข The energy demand must be reduced. โข Do not let new buildings be a problem
for the future. โข Make new buildings at least energyneutral.
โThe application of extra insulation leads to a lower heat demand in the winter, but can also lead to a higher cooling demand in the summer.โ
Hierarchy of ambitions: โข 1. CO2-neutral (climate-neutral) โข 2. Energy-neutral โข 3. Fossil-free โข 4. Circular (all raw materials) Energy strategies Amsterdam โข 1. Radical renovation โข 2. HT / MT (medium temperature) heat network โข 3. Green gas Amsterdamโs future building goals2 โข Large-scale, far-reaching renovation โข LT heat systems with solar collector, WP system or ATES and mini-grids โข Source WP system: 1. soil, 2. surface water, 3. (external) air โข PV panel maximisation, aesthetically and historically integrated โข Heat networks โข Discontinue use of gas energy, move towards all-electric โข From HT (90oC), MT (65oC) return to MT (65oC), LT (low temperature) (40oC) back โข Cascading HT zones to MT zones to LT zones โข Energy source: from fossil and waste to geothermal energy, bio-heat and solar heat โข Green gas โข Biogas from fermentation processes (waste water, pruning waste, organic waste ...) โข Hydrogen, from surplus renewable energy (sun, wind, water power) โข Synthetic methane, from power-to-gas of surplus renewable electricity โข Large-scale sustainable electricity
Energy for the AMC central/independent system: two power plants
Source - RuMoer #57 Energy, p.10-17. Dobbelsteen, A. van den, Jansen, S.
Net Electricity 12981 MWh Lost Sustainable cold 15741 MWh
Dobbelsteen, A. van den (2008), โTowards closed cycles โ new strategy steps inspired by the Cradle to Cradle approachโ, In: Proceedings of the 25th passive and low energy architecture international conference, UC Dublin, 22-24 October, Dublin.
Passive principles: cooling
PV 0 kW Biomass 0 kW
cooled with water from Ouderkerkerplas
P2 presentation Martijn Dalinghaus (graduate student aE)
Dobbelsteen, A. van den (2014), โIntroduction RuMoer #57 Energy โ,p. 10-11.
1
Energy consumption of AMC
Average energy consumption of a hospital
Total energy required for lighting, heating and cooling the AMC
Dobbelsteen, A. van den (2014), โRoadmap Amsterdam, Energietransitieroutekaart naar Parijsโ, Presentation 15 March 2018 2
Average total energy needed for lighting, heating and cooling a hospital
heating heating
25%
lighting - 50%
40%
heating - 25%
heating - 40%
fans - 12%
ventilation - 14%
cooling - 8%
cooling
humidification - 3%
humidification
hot tap water - 2% summer comfort - 1%
50%
lighting
25%
HEAT NETWORK OF AMSTERDAM
lighting - 25%
hot tap water - 20% others
lighting Proportion of total primary energy consumption of average hospital (%)
Proportion of total primary energy consumption of AMC (%) source | DGMR BOUW - 2016.1065.00R005v001 Management rapport Laagbouw
ANATOMY OF THE AMC | 60
source | Caddet - Energy Efficiency in Hospitals
source | 180315 - Routekaart Amsterdam v1.8_2pp / Andy van den Dobbelsteen2
ANATOMY OF THE AMC | 61
SEPT. 2018
dak als luifel
green
8.
+ paviljoen met warme ontvangst
+
What if every aspect of the hospital were to elicit perfectly calibrated and expected + and mostly pleasant experiences and feelings landschap als in all its users? If it were transformed into a verbindend element building that knows all our needs, takes care + of us, monitors everything we do and predicts what we will need next, making us feel as comfortable as possible? If this happens, evidence-based design will surely have made contribution to it, for one may plausibly argue = that it is on the way to offering scientifically valid architectural solutions that accommodate ontvangstpaviljoen AMC all our needs. Evidence-based design is a relatively recent phenomenon. In 1984, Roger Ulrich published an article that sparked its rise to prominence, and by now very few hospitals are being designed that do not pay at least lip service to it. Ulrich convincingly demonstrated
dek als begeleiding van voetgangersstromen
adaptive climate strategy as an opportunity for โhealing environmentโ HEALING ENVIRONMENT
De lichte, vrije vormgeving van het entreepaviljoen contrasteert sterk met de monoliet. Dit contrast beoogt enerzijds van de belangrijkste publieksentree een bijzonder en duidelijk herkenbaar moment te maken in het geheel van orthogonale lijnen en vlakken. Anderzijds menen wij dat gebogen lijnen en lichte materialen een minder intimiderende indruk maken op bezoekers dan de ruwe stenen buitenkant van de monoliet.
Positionering paviljoen Het paviljoen is zo gepositioneerd dat het zich bevindt op het kruispunt van alle routes op niveau 00 en niveau 01. Het paviljoen is helder van opzet, waardoor bezoekers zich eenvoudig en snel kunnen oriรซnteren. Tussen het paviljoen en het AMC bevinden zich twee loopbruggen die bezoekers door een geklimatiseerde binnenruimte naar de hoofdentrees van het AMC brengen. Deze loopbruggen bevinden zich ter hoogte van de boomtoppen en bieden mooi uitzicht op en in het groen.
P2 presentation Jeroen Beerens (graduate student aE)
Verbinding health park en AMC Het entreepaviljoen en het park zijn met elkaar verbonden door een brede, groene helling. Zo wordt het park ook op laag 00 een vanzelfsprekende kwaliteit voor bezoekers en patiรซnten. De groene treden bieden verblijfsruimten met uitzicht op het park en de activiteiten erin. Minder validen bereiken het park vanuit niveau 01 per roltrap of per lift. Voetgangers Op niveau 00 lopen voetgangers vanuit het trein- metro en busstation via een loopdek tussen de boomtoppen door naar de hoofdentree. Aan weerszijden van een ruimbemeten looproute bevinden zich zitjes en uitkijkpunten.
P2 presentation Jeroen Beerens (graduate student aE)
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
voetgangersdek naar het station entree ontvangstpaviljoen brede groene helling AMC Health Park verblijfsplekken steiger brug naar Meibergdreef informatiebalie
โthe length of stay after surgery was reduced with almost 10% when patients had a view on treesโ Source |plankaart RS Ulrich (1984), laag View entreegebied 00 through a window may influence recovery from surgery. Science, 224: 420-421
how the views from a patientโs room window affected health outcomes3. Patients who were able to look at green, natural scenery used less pain medication, could leave hospital sooner and were much more positive about the time they spent there than patients who had nothing but a brick wall to stare at. To a large extent, the views from patientsโ rooms are determined by decisions made during the design phase of the building. By implication, design influenced health, it did so a way De jaargetijdenand kenmerken zich door hun in verschillen. Weertypen, buitentemperaturen, de verschijningsvormen en that expanded the bloeiwijzen well-established van vegetatie veranderen repertory van seizoen tot seizoen. Bij het bepalen van het pallet aan vegetatie voor het AMC of architectural andHealth urban effects onmaken hygienic Park is ingezet op het expliciet van de
veranderlijkheid van de natuur gedurende het jaar. Zo worden patiรซnten en bezoekers bewust gemaakt van de cycli in de natuur โ en van het leven zelf. Het kleurenpallet in het park
conditions. Evidence-based design illustrates the now generally accepted fact that 2.patientsโ personal experiences and emotions have 1. a direct influence on their healing process, further heightening our awareness of the close link between mind (feelings, experiences, 3. perceptions) and body (medical outcomes 5. 4. that can be clearly identified and measured). The enthusiastic attention accorded to this link has even been described as โsomething like a religious revivalโ.4 In 1999, Roger Ulrich formulated the โsupportive garden theoryโ , describing four main ways of reducing patient stress. These consist in granting them a sense of control and a measure of privacy, social support, physical movement and exercise and access to nature and positive distractions. All these considerations seem to have been taken 6. into account by the Helse-Midt Norge the Norwegian healthcare authority - and the planners of the St. Olavโs hospital. The alternation of trees, plants and bushes, 7. typical of the natural surroundings of the ciy of Trondheim, for instance, contributes to making the transition between zones gentler, sometimes almost imperceptible. From one side of the hospital, it is possible to enjoy the beauty of the nature preserve, where it is common to see people fishing for salmon and trout in the clear waters of the Nidelven River surrounded by spoiled nature. From the other side, one has a view toward the historic city center and its old wooden houses.
GREEN VS. HYGIENE
0
5
10
25
Source - A Design Manual Hospital (2018) Cor Wagenaar, Noor Mens, Guru Manja, Colette Niemeijer, Tom Guthknecht, pp. 3762 Roger Ulrich, โViews through a window may influence recovery from surgeryโ in Science, vol. 224, 1984, pp. 420-421
3
verandert van frisgroen in de lente tot donkergroen in de zomer, van roodbruin in de herfst tot ijzig grijs in de winter. Het ervaren van deze veranderlijkheid helpt patiรซnten te accepteren wat hen is overkomen en geeft hen kracht zich in te zetten voor hun revalidatie en herstel. De vegetatie verschilt bovendien in de verschillende delen van het park. Nabij de hoofdentree, waar het groen dichtbij de bezoekers groeit en details van het groen goed zichtbaar zijn,
is de beplanting bloemrijk en soms zelfs eetbaar. Wat verder weg is het groen ruiger en landschappelijker. 4 Bij het vormgeven van de verblijfsplekken in het park is ingezet op een rijk pallet aan gebruiksmogelijkheden. Zo wordt het mogelijk om de buitenactiviteiten te koppelen aan de seizoenen: van genieten in de lentezon tot het opzoeken van beschutting in de zomer, van slenteren door herfstbladeren tot ijspret in de winter. Zo wordt het park een plek om telkens naar terug te keren.
Sunand Prasad, Changing Hospital Architecture, London: RIBA Publishing, 2008, p.5.
AMC HEALTH PARK From an introverted medical machine to a stimulating and hospitable meeting place http://samueliinstituteblog.org/creating-optimal-healing-environment-pays-cape-coral-hospital/index.html
INFECTION RISK - HYGIENE.. source | https://www.amstelglorie.nl/01122014/ansichtkaarten-spaar-ze-allemaal/
Healing environment - To a large extent, the views from patientsโ rooms are determined by decisions made during the design phase of the building. By implication, design influenced Temp.the architecture health, and it did so in a way that expanded studio Nuy van Noort studio BLAD well-established repertory of architectural and advies: Bremen Bouwadvies, adviesbureau Feijen, Pieters Bouwtechniek Amsterdam, urban effects on hygienic conditions. P2 presentation Jeroen Beerens (graduate student aE)
source | A Design Manual Hospitals Evidence based design for healing environments, pag. 37
source | AMC-HEALTH-PARK_panelen-A4
INTROVERT / CLINICAL MEDICAL MACHINE ANATOMY OF THE AMC | 62
ANATOMY OF THE AMC | 63
SEPT. 2018
water
Water is one of the four important resources needed for life and for human activities. To deal with the worldwide rising demand for potable water and to resist the effects of climate change, a paradigm shift in our way of thinking is imperative. Our water supply must be brought in line with circular principles. Among others four large system theories have discussed circularity in relation to water: Cradleto-Cradleยฎ, Regenerative Design, Biomimicry and Blue Economy. These theories have three important principles when it comes to water5. These principles, which are all founded on the idea of creating positive footprints, are:
examples of integrated water management in spatial design
1. TO COLLECT Helofytenfilter -is a natural purification system also called reed sand filter. This is a plant filter which purifies wastewater to a quality that is harmless to the environment.
1. (innovative) reduction measures; 2. (innovative) discharge measures; 3. improvement of water quality.
2. TO PROCESS
https://www.rainproof.nl/toolbox/maatregelen/helofytenfilter
SEDUM ROOF
SPOUT
http://www.scala-architecten.nl/project/studentenwonngen-hanzeland
3. TO INTEGRATE
Covent garden, Brussels - contains a
โImprovement of water qualityโ in this context for instance means that companies that use water for their (production) processes must ensure that the water that leaves their premises is cleaner than the water that went into their premises. An example of an urban area in Amsterdam with a lot of attention for water quality is the office area โDe Ceuvelโ6. Important aspects concerning โinnovative discharge measuresโ, are green urban solutions like parks, public and private gardens and wadies. This greenery minimises peak loads on the sewer system during heavy rain fall, ensures water infiltration into the soil and improves the environment in the city. One way of including water related aspects into the design of buildings is the use of the so-called New Stepped Strategy: 1. reduce the demand; 2. reuse waste flows; 3. use sustainable sources for the remaining demand7. Demand reduction foremost aims at reducing the need for potable water. Potable water should only be used for those purposes for which this water quality is really needed, like food preparation or water consumption by people and animals. A sustainable source of water for instance is rain water. After filtering, rain water is very suitable for diverse uses like flushing toilets, washing cars, watering gardens and maybe washing clothes. Because there is a time difference between the supply of rain water and the demand for water, storage is RuMoer #62
Sustainability
needed. However, particularly step 2, reuse of waste flows, strongly links to circularity. We can distinguish reuse of water of the same quality, cascading and upcycling. An example of reuse of water of the same quality is a waterbased cooling system in which the water after cooling down is reused within the same system. This in fact is a closed water circuit and therefore by definition circular. Cascading means reuse of water in (an)other function(s) for which water of lower quality can be used. An example is the use of shower water for flushing the toilet, if necessary after filtering with a membrane filter as was done in the urban area Vauban in Freiburg8. Upcycling is the reuse of water after first having improved
โWe can distinguish reuse of water of the same quality, cascading and upcyclingโ its quality. Such quality improvement typically takes place in a municipal water treatment plant or in infiltration zones in the dunes but can also take place inside neighbourhoods or even inside buildings (e.g. helophytes, lagoons, algae purification). Particularly water treatment areas in neighbourhoods can be interesting because these may increase the quality of the environment in the city by adding vegetation and water and may create temporary water buffers in case of highintensityrain fall. A good example of a building in which waste water is being reused is the office building Covent Garden in Brussels36. This building contains a cascading water flow in its atrium with various plants which act as the last step in a biological water treatment system for its own waste water. The water that is purified in this water flow up till grey water quality is reused within the building. By separating different qualities of water and by treating waste water inhouse, this building is largely self-sufficient when it comes to water. Furthermore, the atrium with all its greenery is a pleasant space for people to reside in. This building nicely shows how water treatment can become part of the architecture of the building and at the same time minimises the need for fresh water from the utilities.
Source - RuMoer #62 Sustainability, p.26-45. P.G. Luscuere, R.J. Geldermans, M.J. Tenpierik, S.C. Jansen Dijk, S. van, Tenpierik, M. and Dobbelsteen, A. van den (2014), โContinuing the buildingโs cycles: A literature review and analysis of current systems theories in comparison with the theory of Cradle to Cradleโ, Resources Conservation and Recycling 82: 21-34.
5
cascading water flow in its atrium with various plants which act as the last step in a biological water treatment system for its own waste water.
Metabolic (2015), Metabolic โ De Ceuvel, retrieved from the internet on 29 August 2018, <http://www.metabolic.nl/projects/ de-ceuvel/>.
6
Dobbelsteen, A. van den (2008), โTowards closed cycles โ new strategy steps inspired by the Cradle to Cradle approachโ, In: Proceedings of the 25th passive and low energy architecture international conference, UC Dublin, 22-24 October, Dublin.
7
https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/health/hospitals-that-seek-to-heal-with-nature
Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore - A waterfall in the central garden courtyard of Khoo Teck Puat Hopital. Khoo Teck Puat Hospital is premised on the idea that designing an environment which connects people to nature can enhance their health and well-being. With biophilic design, the hospitals enable direct contact with nature, have materials and colours representative of nature, as well as special features characteristic of the natural environment.
Making water treatment part of the architecture of the building and at the same time minimises the need for fresh water from utitilies
http://www.artbuild.eu/projects/environment/covent-garden9
ANATOMY OF THE AMC | 64
Hasselaar, B.L.H., Graaf, P.A. de, Luising, A.A.E. en Timmeren, A. van (2006), Integratie van decentrale sanitatie in de gebouwde omgeving, TU Delft, Delft.
8
Circularity in theinbiological water Figure 12: Circularity the biologicaland and technological technological water cycles.cycles.
Art & Build Architect (2007), Covent Garden Brussels 2007, brochure, retrieved from the internet on 29 August 2018, <http://www. artbuild.eu/projects/environment/coventgarden>.
9
necessary after filtering with a membrane filter as was done in the urban area Vauban in Freiburg35. Upcycling is the reuse of water after first having improved its quality. Such quality improvement typically takes place in a municipal water treatment
temporary water buffers in case of high-intensity rain fall. A good example of a building in which waste water ANATOMY OF THE AMC | 65 is being reused is the office building Covent Garden in Brussels36. This building contains a cascading
SEPT. 2018
material
Flexibility capacity vs. renewability capacity If circular and flexible building concepts (Circ-Flex) can provide benefits for the user, then what are the criteria to assess and monitor the benefits? Those criteria will have a relation with the flexibility capacity on the one hand and the renewability capacity on the other, completed by a strong emphasis on the mental and behavioural response that precedes or follows user activities [Kardes et al. 2011]. Flexibility can be assessed โ and measured โ by the extent to which the partition wall, or a part of it, can easily be disassembled, reassembled, repurposed or disposed of. Renewability, on the other hand, is specifically linked to the extent to which walls and wall elements can easily and purely follow highgrade reuse cycles10.
options for material performance circularity
Building as โmaterial bankโ For many products it was not yet possible, or desirable, to return materials to a supplier after use. Material passports (Circularity Passports) were drawn up for this purpose. Circularity Passports document all information regarding the circular use of products and systems. For example, what is the nature and scope of the materials used? Do they meet health requirements? How is the product used on or in the building? How is it maintained?
These passports contain all information regarding the circular use of products and systems Source - Book Circularity, Op weg naar 2050?, P.G. Luscuere
www.erasmusmctuin.nl
ROOF AND ITโS USE Tijdelijke Rechtbank Amsterdam
Municipal office of Venlo
The Tijdeljike Rechtbank (Temporary Court) in Amsterdam is an example of circular design and construction. In the circular building, maximum efforts have been made to find ways to reduce, reuse and recycle materials. The building will be used at the site for five years, after which it will be disassembled and given a new destination. Efforts have been made to prevent waste. Therefore, an important selection criterion was the prevention of waste and the maximization of the residual value of the building.
The municipal office of Venlo was designed and built according to the Cradle-to-Cradle (C2C) principle. Waste does not exist. All products are a breeding ground for something new. Products are designed in such a way that after use the raw materials can be used again. Cradle-to-Cradle is about adding value. A product is designed in a way that it benefits people, the environment and the economy.
โBring materials in a biological or technological cycle so that they can be reused indefinitelyโ
Space Factor โspaceโ is obviously essential. Generating energy from renewables ussually requires space: for solar panels, for wind, for biomass. The use of space is directly related to the available top soil on our earth, biodiversity and ecosystems, all being the natural capital of our planet which enables life on it. If the aim is to design buildings with positive footprint, the factor โspaceโ for energy systems needs to be considered. More simply stated: if you need your entire roof for energy production, there is no place for a green roof to increaee biodiversity or grow vegetables11. The Peopleโs Pavilion Dutch studios Bureau SLA and Overtreders W plan to use only responsible materials to build a temporary pavilion for this yearโs Dutch Design Week, including colourful shingles made of waste plastic, and components that will be returned after use. Called The Peopleโs Pavilion, the temporary
structure was built in Ketelhuisplein at the Dutch Design Week in October 2017. Measuring 250 square metres, the pavilion includes a cross-shaped auditorium that can host 200 people seated, or 600 people standing. It will be used for a range of activities, including plays, music concerts and workshops. As the structure will only be in use for a short time, and disassembled afterwards, architects Bureau SLA and design agency Overtreders W โ who are both based in Amsterdam โ wanted to build the pavilion with recycled materials, so that they would definitely be used again. โWe thought it would be silly to build it from brand new materials that would be wasted afterwards,โ Overtreders W co-founder Hester van Dijk told Dezeen. โThatโs how we came up with the idea of borrowing everything we need.โ
โIs the roof best to use for energy production or for water storage?โ
โIf you need your entire roof for energy production, there is no place for a green roof to increase biodiversity or grow vegetablesโ
Source - Book Circularity, Op weg naar 2050?, P. G. Luscuere
The colourful plastic shingles that will cover the top of the building will be made from the waste of local residents. Usually, the recycling of plastic combines a range of different colours and results in a grey hue. But the team sorted the waste into coloured groups beforehand so that โevery shingle will have a different colourโ. The team collaborated with plastic recycler Govaplast to create the cladding, which they call Pretty Plastic Shingle. They are aiming to put it into production next year, offering an aesthetically pleasing alternative use for plastic waste12.
There is a shift in the market from owning a product to the use of a product.
Source - RuMoer #62 Sustainability, p.26-45. P.G.Luscuere, R.J. Geldermans, M.J. Tenpierik, S.C. Jansen Luscuere, P.G., Geldermans, R.J. (2018), Circulariteit, Op weg naar 2050?, TU Delft.
10
RuMoer #62 Sustainability, p.26-45. P.G.Luscuere, R.J. Geldermans, M.J. Tenpierik, S.C. Jansen 11
Gibson, E. (2017) retrieved from the internet on 28 August 2018, <https://www. dezeen.com/2017/09/28/dutch-designweek-ddw-peoples-pavilion-bureau-slaovertreders-w/>
12
source | https://www.cepezed.nl/projects/170-tijdelijke-rechtbank-amsterdam
ANATOMY OF THE AMC | 66
source | https://c2cvenlo.nl/stadskantoor-venlo/
https://www.dezeen.com/2017/09/28/dutch-design-week-ddw-peoples-pavilion-bureau-sla-overtreders-w/
ANATOMY OF THE AMC | 67
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infrastructure
Bicycle storage Covered bicycle shelters
system, parts and object
Accessibility AMC
source | Welstandsvisie AMC 2016, pag. 29 Bullewijkerpolder, picture from 1971
โHow can the existing infrastructure and urban development system be strengthened with A1 insights about energy requirements, water & greenโ
Legenda AMC terrein
source | Welstandsvisie AMC 2016
Hoge dreven Lage dreven
TRANSPORT SYSTEM The motorways around the AMC site are part of the so-called โtransport systemโ. The roadways A10 are an essential part of the urban design concept that formed the basis for Amsterdam Zuidoost. Based on the views of functionalist urbanism, the plan assumed a strict separation of functions and traffic types. In the Bijlmermeer - the area that was the first to be developed - these principles have been implemented furthest. Many of the roadways are the exclusive domain of the car. The infrastructure system has a strong structuring effect both spatially and functionally. This divides the district into sub-areas and much of the district is only accessible by car.
Parkeergarage (W) AAArchitecten
A2
Parkeergarage (W) AAArchitecten
In 2006 werden de bestaande parkeervoorzieningen het parkeerdek aan de monoliet en de parkeerterreinen aan de zuidwestzijde van het AMC - uitgebreid met een nieuwe 3-laagse parkeergarage voor circa 900 autoโs. Middels een loopbrug zijn de nieuwe parkeergarage en de begane grond (laag 0) van het AMC-complex met elkaar verbonden. Hierdoor is aan deze zijde van de A9 monoliet een nieuwe ingang gecreรซrd. In de toekomst is een opbouw op de parkeergarage, in het verlengde van het faculteitsgebouw mogelijk.
In 2006 werden de bestaande parkeervoorzieningen het parkeerdek aan de monoliet en de parkeerterreinen aan de zuidwestzijde van het AMC - uitgebreid met een nieuwe 3-laagse parkeergarage voor circa 900 autoโs. Middels een loopbrug zijn de nieuwe parkeergarage en de begane grond (laag 0) van Academisch het AMC-complex metCentrum (P) Psychiatrisch Van Goor Huijten Achitecten elkaar verbonden. Hierdoor isGreiner aan deze zijde van de monoliet een nieuwe ingang gecreรซrd. In 2007 is het Psychiatrisch Subcentrum vervangen door bron | welstandsvisie 20161024 pag. 26 Drevensysteem Amsterdam Zuidoost deop nieuwbouw van het nieuwe Academisch PsychiaIn de toekomst is een opbouw de parkeergarage, in ANATOMY OF THE AMC | 68 trisch Centrum, ten noordwesten van het AMC-complex. het verlengde van het faculteitsgebouw mogelijk.
website AMC + welstand
Free charging points - The AMC has provided free charging stations for electric transport, which is provided by the municipality of Amsterdam. The city wants to create incentive for use of website AMC + welstand electric transport in the city, encouraging Drevensysteem citizens that it is cleaner, quieter and more economical. De autowegen rond het AMC-terrein maken deel uit van het zogenaamde drevensysteem. De dreven zijn een essentieel onderdeel van het stedenbouwkundig concept dat ten grondslag lag aan Amsterdam Zuidoost. Gebaseerd op de opvattingen van de functionalistische stedenbouw ging het plan uit van een strikte scheiding van functies en van verkeerssoorten. In de Bijlmermeer - het gebied dat als eerste in ontwikkeling werd genomen โ zijn deze principes het verst doorgevoerd. Een groot deel van de dreven w zijn hier uitgevoerd als hoge of halfhoge weg, als exclusief domein van de auto. Het stelsel van dreven werkt zowel ruimtelijk als functioneel sterk structurerend. Het verdeelt het stadsdeel in deelgebieden en alleen via de dreven kan je je met de auto door het stadsdeel verplaatsen. Na de realisatie van de Bijlmermeer bleken de functionalistische idealen te hoog gegrepen. Met als gevolg dat in de daaropvolgende gerealiseerde stadsdeel Gaasperdam het drevensysteem minder consistent werd doorgevoerd. In de Bullewijk / Amstel III, waar het AMC zich bevindt, zijn de dreven allemaal op maaiveldniveau. Wel sluiten de Meibergdreef en Tafelbergweg aan op het hoge dreven systeem van de Bijlmermeer.
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Public transport 1. Metro: Station Holendrecht 2. Train: Station Holendrecht 3. Bus
Parking garage (W) AAArchitects
In 2006, the existing parking facilities the parking deck on the monolith and the parking lots on the south-west side of the AMC - were expanded with a new 3-level parking garage for approximately 900 cars. The new parking garage and the ground floor (layer 0) of the AMC complex are connected by means of a walkway. As a result, a new entrance has been created on this side of the monolith. In the future, an extension of the parking garage, in line with the faculty building, is possible.
website AMC + welstand
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III
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case studies: hospitals of 21th century
? healing environment
The new Erasmus MC - In the heart of Rotterdam, the largest university medical centre in the Netherlands has been constructed: the Erasmus MC. On the site of the existing hospital, a new complex has been realised, where healthcare, research and education all come together. The new building allows the Erasmus MC to transform itself from a collection of detached buildings connected by pedestrian bridges, into a compact, efficient and integrated whole.
2.500 KILOMETER CABLE A wisdom among hospital engineers: building a hospital is building installations. Outside the sight of visitors, the tubes, cables and shafts have cost one third of the budget for the new Erasmus MC
New identities for AMC based on climate / technical / circular goals
www.egm.nl
University College London Hospitals - Efficient ventilation and air distribution was a key requirement of the design
A Design Manual Hospitals / Cor Wagenaar / pag. 10
New North Zealand Hospital, Hillerฤยธd A serpentine band of two stories surrounds a large central garden on top of two layers. The roof on which the central garden sits is pierced by numerous lightwells that provide the outpatient department and the hot floor with ample daylight
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https://www.waterloo.co.uk/projects/university-college-london-hospitals/
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AMC - REDUCTIE STAD
AMC - REDUCTION CITY
3. KANSEN
POTENTIES VOOR โโPASSIVE DESIGNโโ INGREPEN
POTENTIALS FOR โPASSIVE DESIGNโ INTERVENTIONS
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AMC - PRODUCTION CITY
BY NATURE AND EXTENT THE POTENTIAL ENGINE IN THE CITY?
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AMC - CIRCULAR CITY
NO WASTE BUT FOOD, CLOSED CIRCUITS water, energy, food
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AMC - FLEXIBEL CITY
SPACE FOR THE FUTURE, ADAPTABILITY
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AMC - CAMPUS
Campus AMC โ combination โsolid, fluid, gasโ AMC - CAMPUS A = traditional - exclusive & territorial -
B = network - interactive & shared -
C = virtual - place independent & individual -
Which % combination (1) do you have and (2) do you want to have?
DE GEBRUIKER CENTRAAL THE USER CENTRAL
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SWIMSUIT OR WINTERCOAT?
AS A STRATEGY FOR BUILDING SERVICES
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AMC - GREEN CITY
BETTER RECOVERY AND WORK ENVIRONMENT BY CONNECTION WITH GREEN AND NATURE
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AMC - PLUG-IN CITY
FLEXIBILITY AND ADAPTABLE COMPONENTS FOR EXISTING BUILDINGS
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AMC - ICON AT THE CITY EDGE
MONUMENT?
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references Dijk, S. van, Tenpierik, M. and Dobbelsteen, A. van den (2014), โContinuing the buildingโs cycles: A literature review and analysis of current systems theories in comparison with the theory of Cradle to Cradleโ, Resources Conservation and Recycling 82: 21-34. Dobbelsteen, A. van den (2008), โTowards closed cycles โ new strategy steps inspired by the Cradle to Cradle approachโ, In: Proceedings of the 25th passive and low energy architecture international conference, UC Dublin, 22-24 October, Dublin. Dobbelsteen, A. van den (2014), โIntroduction RuMoer #57 Energyโ, p. 10-11., https://issuu.com/rumoer/docs/ rumoer_57_energy Dobbelsteen, A. van den (2018), โRoadmap Amsterdam, Energietransitieroutekaart naar Parijsโ, Presentation 15 March 2018 Ligthart, S., Wolf, C. de (2016) โGevel varianten studie DGMRโ, DGMR. Luscuere, P.G., Geldermans, R.J., Tenpierik, M.J., Jansen, S.C., (2016), โRuMoer #62 Sustainabilityโ, p.26-45., https:// issuu.com/rumoer/docs/rumoer_62-sustainability Luscuere, P.G. (2018), โCircularity, op weg naar 2050?โ, TU Delft. Mens, N., Valk, O. (2016) โWelstandsvisie AMCโ. Ulrich, R., โViews through a window may influence recovery from surgeryโ in Science, vol. 224, 1984, pp. 420-421 Wagenaar, C., Mens, N., Manja, G., Niemeijer, C., Guthknecht, T. (2018), โA Design Manual Hospitalโ, p.37-62.
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colofon Document in process This Anatomy of the AMC 1.0 has been compiled for TU Delftโs โDelft Seminars on Building Technologyโ as a source of inspiration for Masterโs students. The Faculty of Architecture and the Built Environment at TU Delft is working on ideas towards a vision for the Amsterdam UMC to renew the AMC in Amsterdam Zuid Oost. As far as possible we have listed the sources on the relevant pages. Document composition: Thijs Asselbergs Annebregje Snijders Olly Veugelers September 2018
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