l~DITED - Vol. 2.
BY EO.I N MAC NEILL.
No. 111 . (New Series.)
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NOTES'
. SATU.RDAY ~;t: E;BRUARY 13, - 1915 • .
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to exist. Agai~. I say, let the Emperors :stick to their Imperialism or be democrats as they please, and let Volunteers stick to . Volunteering.
boot is on the other foot. Fitness to command in National affairs is ma.de dependent not on what you pay in, but on what is paid out to you. 'l'hat organiser should get a sufficient rise to make himself in..: fallible in matters of policy.
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'l'here is mucl; discussion in the newsWhile the pe9ple; according to the paid papers about the next gemlral election, , have just io do as they a.re organisers, * * * and the general impression appears .to be In _ancient freland, as the Book of bid in matters ·· of .national and nonthat a · general re-election will be pro- Rights describes it, ther13 were about as national poiicy, the . New · Imperialists po_sed, each party retaining, the same many small kingdoms -as ,there now are may be infallible, but they are not omniseats as at present. It is hard to .say how of parliamentary constituencies, and as potent. A week or two ago th~re wa.s that will work out with regaJ.·d to the many kings as there are members of Par- great . glorification over certain · duties meml'lers ·which Ireland s~nds, not to liament under the Union. Though these undertaken by the ''National Volunteers'' much purpose at tlie. present juncture, to local governors were called kings, pre- in Cork. ~o~ i.ve read in the "Daily Inthe .·Imperial Parliament . The question sided over public assemblies, administered dependent" that the .same Volunteers - is still undecided, whether in Ireland a justice, a,nd commamled, each one of have be-en informed that they will not be member can belong to the party to which them, his local. arm.y, we nowhere ·fin.d it permitted to: tak~ up military duty. And ,. he is elected and by .whose supporters he laid down that the people were bqund t,o it is only six months sill'Ce the declarntion is elected, unless he has been previously follow their king in every line of conduct that. th~ Volunteers would defend Ireland, selected fOl' · election by that party. · I£ or policy that he chose to adopt. On the and let the British Army be withdrawn, Home Rulecis safe;~ ,9f qourse- sueh. ques- · contrary "\Ve find- that the· people, when WOCS reCt.'1.Ved Wlth trem~ndo u S'acclamation i . tions really don't · matter. In an.y case, they desired, comP'elled their king to b'}" _the Lib ~rals in the Imperial Pa.r liathey do not concern ws as Volunteers, adopt .their policy in preference to his ment, and with cnes of triumph by the · and I only allude to them in order to re- own. At the instance of Brian B6rumha~; Unionists. peat, what was already said in this paper a young ma.n who held no elective posi- · * * * The discarded National Volunteers of before the recent King's County, election, tion, and was no , doubt described at the that Volunteers, as Volunteers, will keep time as a . crank, factionist, extremist, Cork are graciously informed that, if entirely clear of electioneering . , All we · mischief-maker, etc., the Dalcass.iaris they like it; they will be permitted ask is that those who are concerned with compelled their king; Brian's brother, to to undertake the duties of an unarmed parliamentary work should stick to that abandon a. policy of truckling to the.' Out- police forc e. In comparison with · thi.s work, leaving Volunteers · to stick to landets, and to take a stand worthy of -studied insult, Lord Mayo's -remarks might be ta.ken as complimentary. In a Volunteer work, ·and no interference m the Nation to which he belonged. country which, with much less occupaeither direction. . * * ·>:. \-Ve read of others of these . kings who tion for its police, is compelled to spend * * * Some developments of the Imperialist were deposed, and sometimes rendered in- twice as much money. on police as Scotmovement in Ireland are very interesting. eligible for re-election by the thoroughly land . s_p ends, and in a coJ.mtry iil which A paid organiser for a political party is effective method. of banishment. to a the police are arme d as a .military force, reported to ha:ve announced the other day, region from which there is no return . Volunteers are informed that they will he what no political leader has ever ventured Nowadays it seems' that kings are not big allowed to do police duty wit!10ut pay and to proglaim, that it ,is the duty of the enough for us . . It is not M.P .'s but ~ithout arms, Volunteers without arms people to follow their. political leaders in Emperors we are to h,ave in future. They - it would take Dean Swift to do justice whatever-line of policy the leaders choose will command our forces and everything to the joke, It shoula at last be plain to adopt.. The number of recent pro- else in the country 'with -the trifling ex- enough how much g<?od will an d good nouncements by paid organisers on high ception of the government of Outlanders faith there has been in cert ain palavers. poli.tical questions is remarkable. One that governs us. F'01;merly the M.P.'~ * * * Irish Volunteers, .especiqlly in Ulster, might think that the business of an or-, were supposed to be the chosen, represenganiser was to organise, and that the re- ta.t ives of tlie people. Now, according to will watch with interest the discussion ceipt of salary for that purpose did not the ;p aid orgapiser doctrine, the people that is g·oin g on about the relations beconfer apostolic powers of teaching an d have no choice . but to represent the t ween .... the _Government and the Ulster uttering new.definitions of political ortho- ~I.P.'_s. This must be 'vhat is called the Vol~mteer Force ., Mr. Swifte MacNeill doxy. Som~ months ago the "Freeman's New Er,a . - We were wondering what has put a question to the Government and J ourna.l" sneered at Colonel M~ore' s fit- ' exactly the' new feat"ure might be . It is has· got an answer very like the equivocal ness to look after the organisation 6£ evident that Imperialism and Irish public answer that an Irish domestic is said to Volunteers, on thE? ground that Colonel opinion are not just the same thing, other- ha:ve given to a ' caller who inquired if Moore, as alleg'ed, was not a s'L1bscriber to wise we should not have paid oFganisers the master was a.t home. The "Catholic the J; ish Parlfa:mentary fund. Now the telling public opinion that it has no right T:lmes," of I;iv~1'.pool, \Yhich appearn to 0
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THE IRISH VOLUNTEER ,
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agree with a1t the l ate~t· clwreloprnents of Mr. Redn10'ncl's and lv.lr. T . P . O'Connor'g; • ~ policy, is puzz]ed nbout this questi.o u : ·_• mo _ ~U-6.1R1m There is r eally no puzzle in the matte];' . : The leopard. does not change his spots . • 1r '061$ l e n-..1 l .&n 5U1\Ab e C<\t
Saturda.y February 13, 1915.
.1' I· CYCLIST TRAINING I . _
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fo the leading article which the
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"Catholic Times " devotes to this subject, by a curiously natural association of ideas, the future of H ome Rul e is al~o discussed . The Editor fo ils to note the r6r 1r re<1tt1' uo t <11tni5 L1om 10n.& rLu<115 e<1'0 vu.st amount of silence which is expended r e<\11 lu1mni5. 'Cur m411t Le41t n<\ 1101btte, on tlrnt subj ect in Ireland . He consol'es .o.su11 uo11inne<\mdt1 i::ur m e.it 41n 01uce rm . himself with the hope that tlle British 111 ~ 1 o n5_n <1U l10m, 'O.& l'.>1115- rm, <\ CLor n .&1\ Democracy will stand by Home Rule. l£ t>.o.m r o r n.& rc..1011 <1'0 uo L<\ocf\<11'0 lu1m n1s th e British Democracy means the :British 6 ro m 1 Le1t. '{;.(\ flt' m.61te in.a 5Ce<\n nur, Liberal P arty, it is well to recognise.-the flit n c.c t'>ru 1L " r .&ttu5<1'0 1. n~1 ttmn <11\ facts . The Imperial aristocr acy and 'O l Lre<\ct: n:a .61' C41Lmc.ci:: n .& dl' ri::tM tm . plutocracy of Britain, the joint exploite1·s nu4111' r511lol'.>f411' rt:<\11' n41 f ernne .c.5ur of Ireland and of what ever other country n u<\ttt .&1111meocd11 .c. n5niom.c.11td, beiu ttu u they can manage to exploit, divide t hem- e1 51n Le 11c.1t111r 411' 5c.rtt41t'O lu1mnis. selves into t wo sections. One section * * * ni f 41 5C41t 411 t' .c.til.&m .dt:.& n411165L.&1!) beo : takes charge of the· Liberal P arty. As: now called Unionist, which i('l an euphem- 1r be.0.5 .&ti:: r" 5coni::41e n41c l'.>rU1L .c. t'> e.c.5 ism for anti-Irish. The other section n6 .c. ril61' 'Oiol'.> . ' S o tn:i tt . 'Oo 5411'.>.o.r <111 t akes charge of the Liberay party. As i::re~ci::m .c.m ro 6m' C<\tt.c.1'0, 6 tiHce.&L for how there is any r eal willingness in 0 f osLuu.o., 1 n '011om CoLL-Co1lte. the British Democracy_ to abandon the * * " Ce n.& ru1L1m i 'O c om Lionri1.61' 1r b.c.'O ti'l.c.1t oldest tradition of British Imperialism, the tradition of hostility to Irish nation al Linn, t:.&1mi'O 5 0 Lu .o.1mne~6 .o.1b1u. , b <11L1srights, liberties, and prosperity, the Irish 1mi u 1 'Ot:e.c.nnt:41 .c. 6e1Le ti.& u41111 r.c. people may well act on the celebrated i::re41ci::m.c.m. blmi 'O ""5 cLe.c.ct:41'0 5Le.c.c.o.1'0counsel, "wait and see ." But whether e.c.ci:;41 1 .c.5 c.c.1te.c.m .c.r .c.n m1on-sunn41 5<1c there is willingness, unwillingness, or in- C e41'0.0.om. b.imi'O .c.mU15 re'n 'Ot:U411t 5<1C differ ence, one thing is certain. The 'Ooriln416 1 n.c. 5unn.c.i .c.5.c.mn, ·.c.5 c411te.aril British Democrac:9' will do. what it has .o.5ur .65 'O e4n.dril t:.o.1t1se .611 !)le.dC.d1'0e41Ct; never don e before if, in regard to the I rish rc.c.1p15te. 'C.& bU41C.61Ll 65 41nnro , '0.61\.db question, it ads in any other way than as · .c.rnm C.c.t.at 'Oe 1)41tt .o. tu5 t:11e1mre r.c. it will ·be di-rected by the Imperialist 6.o.mp c. 1' 5C.C.ttfl.d15 m Co n411LL 415ur i::.& re aristoplutocratic Old Man of the Sea that ' s .&11 "Oi:e.o.5"1r5 . 1r m.c.1t cu15e e 54n 41on sits o'n the British Democra cy's patient :a56.. m m1r"Oe .c. 11.&u. n.&'" 5u11 tostu1m r e .c. l.&n . 'Cu541nn r e .c. C41l'.>.611' .c.5ur .c._6on5n41m should ers .
* True to hernel£, I reland will r egard tJiese complication s with indiffer ence . In adopting th e Volunteer policy, Ireland declared to the world tha,t she was no longer a dependency, no longer the patient victim of exploitation . In si)ite of all unforeseen developments, the Volunt eer policy is no w the Na tional policy, and no man diues to pfo pose the abandonment of it. 1'o arm, tra in, and organise the men of Ireland for the defence of Ireland,in wh atever way that work may .be impeded, shirked, or opposed,- -it r emains and will remain the aim of the Irish Nation, the t est of-Ir1sli patrtotism, until the last menace oJ force' against our National rights and liberties has disappeared .
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Objection to the imposition of martial law on civiliaus '\Yas aga in raised last week in tb e Imperial P arlia19-ent by Eng~ lishmen . In Ireland " the - grim wolf 1~·ith privy paw daily devours apace, and nothing said ." But then Ireland is the one bright spot, and those who are victimise d are the free gifts of a free people. Eorn MAc NEI LL.
'Ot' f1nn 541n 'OioL411'0e.c.ci:: 411' b1t :so ronnril.61' .o.sur 50 "Oice41LL41c.
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" Cum c11lo c 'Oo cu11 te1r r6 cc.1tre41'0 i:;41541111i:: 'Oo'n r415<11't: Le1!;e.6nnt:d, <\n 'Ooc.: 'C u111 'C. 'Oe t>.c.tl. ' Se · .c.11 'Ot:<\c.c. .o.5ur <11' 5co1m111ce 41nnro e . t:.& ru11m611 n.<1 n'O.c.01 n e· ti115tt.&'041C .c.nnro ' n .&11 5coinml'.> .c.5ur m<\1141 mbe<\'O e n' te.o.'Or.c.1mlr co1me41'0 Le ce1Le. b i onn re 'n<1J1 me<1r5 5"1C i::11.o.t .c. l'.>i ml'O Le t e1le .d5Uf ni 'Ol Otil.d01n 41 l'.>ionn re. b ionn r e ' s .&11 mb11ori::u!)41'() .o.5ur ' s.&11 5c6m;\11lu5<1'0 415ur ' 5.&11 ri::1 u ttu5.c.'O cum .&11 L e .6r~ .65ur cum Le.o.r.c. n.c. 11-~1tte<\nn . 'O.&. mbe.c.'O le.6t-ce41'0 'O.& f.6S<1f .c.5c.1nn .a11 ru .o.m 1141 i::i11e b ' e " 1' mbu<11c e.
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1r m..&1t .c.n r5e'1L e r1 n o m1ce.&L. 1r brnn t10m .c. 6lor 5 0 t'> pu 1L ce.c.ttu n<\ f e1 rin e 'O.& mu11ie&u rnr n41 r501Le.c.nn<11t'> 4115e.
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CYCL IS'rS I N DEF ENCE . • The utility of° cyclist trQ_ops on the defensive may easily prove very great'. They ma.y· in general operate m any of three wa ys :1. Destruction of stores, 'railways, bridges, telegraph lines; seizure of water, gas and electric light supply ; removal of t elegraph or telephone instruments. In general any form of raids on coj:rimunications. 2. Delaying action . I n this case the object is to gain as much t ime as possible, by forcing the enemy to deploy constantly and then breaking off the action and retreating . For this purpose the enemy should be vigorously att a_cked, and every effort should be made to use surprise . It will generally be found advisable to attack the enemy' s flanks, because they ar,e usually more vulnerable than his front and because he will- often be forced to deviate to a flank to meet a flank attack, thus delaying him more than if he had to meet a frontal attack, when deviation is seldom necessary. 3. W hen actually holding a posit ion the tactics of cyclists are much the same as those of infantry . 'l'he main difference willbe in the employment of t he reserve. There will be .numerous ways in which this can be employed; so -that it . can be more numerous than with infa ntry . It may be used to re~nforce or p,rolong the line, to outflank, to counter attack. I n this last it should be remembered that the value of enfilade or converging fire is just as great as ·in atta{)k . A small party, well posted on a flank, opening · fire at the right moment may have very great results . CYCLI STS IN R ECONNAISSANCE.
It is true that, since the movements of cyclists are restricted to the r oads, t hey cannot perform scouting duties except in a well-roaded country, and are liable. to surprise. Still their ability to move _rapidly and silently is so remarkable that in a country so well supplied with roads as I i·elaud they can be employed for longdistance r econnoitring with great effect . Thus the patrols can ride forward for a considerable distance when their force is separated by two days ' march or more from the enemy ; and when it becomes dangerous to proceed mounted any further t hey can act as ordinary infantry . I n this way the entire distance between the main body and the point of dismounting- say 30 miles at a low estimate- is gained by using cyclists . ,; Everything that is not Irish must be Foreign." Irish Goods Only Irish Volunteer Tailors and Drapers,
& Co.,
11 UPPER O' CONNELL STREET, DUBLIN ,
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THE IRiSH VdlUNTEER.
'Saturday, February 13, 1915.
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cation by sea would be still uninterrupted. siclerable rapidity, considering the terIn short, the Russian aim in this district rain: mid naturally the route to Is~ail{a is hardly military at all, alHl can have 'vill be that for the railway as it is quite safe from au:y enterp.r ises from the sea. no e:f!ect of any consequence . };'ollo>viug on the eontinuous heavy Much more important are the opera'1'he latest German official statement fighting of the pi·evious week, the opera- tions still going forwa-nl. :iu Poland _and places the number of prisoners -i~ the tions in :U'rance dming the past week were Galicia. In t-he Bolimo:ff region the Ger: hands of the Germans at 800,000. 'l'his not so considerable . 'l'here were artillery mn,ns have been pressing a vigorous o:ffen- is a source of wastage from which the duels along the whole front, but no in- sive for some days past, upon the whole Germans and their Allies do not s1~:ffer to fontry engagements of any great size: with a. certain measure of success. By anything like the same extent. Probably The 'veather, ho,vever, has been gradually . way of a countermove the Russians have the Austro -Genuans have. a quarter of a improving iiri.d it is probable that one side sent a force across the B;ura river near million the best of it in this respect, an<l or the other will make· a serious o:ffe11sive its confluence :w ith . the Vistula . 'l'his this takes no a<;count of the considerable effort fairly soon. The German opera- would be serious if the Russians could number of Ang1o-Belg-ian troops interned tions in the Argonne region aJ:e probably assign a powerful force to operate against ·in Holland. preliminary to this, and their forward the German left in this district. But it , \"-\Tith reference to the losses from the move at Soissons places them favourably is hardly possible for even the Russians, hardships of winter campaigning the to prevent the withdrawal of Frerich re- despite their great superiority of num- Austro-Gennans probably suffer les·s here inforcements from the centre of the line. hers, to be in the greater force every- also. 'l'he normal winter in Germany, The Germa.n objective will probably he where, a.nd just now they are making so Austria, and Hungary is quite severethe isolation of Verdun and bursting a many detac.h ments that some of them much worse· than th.at in Engla-n d or the gap in the French line _at that section . must be pretty weak . greater part of :France. It is only natural, At all events the Ger.ma.us here are well pn the extreme r1ght of the Austro- therefore, to assume that the English and placed for a forward move, being· three- German line the Russians are also on the French troops will lose· more from this fourths of the way around the fortress. defensive. The :fighting con~inues on the than their opponents. The Indian and On the other hand the Allies are poorly northern side of the Carpathians, and African troops will fare worst, and appaplaced for an offensive campaign. . They apparently the Russian attack on the 1 rently most of · the former have actually can neither turn a flank nor break the Dukla Pass has not met with the success been withdrawn. On the other hand, the front . They have failed in attempts to anticipated . At all ev:ents beyond the Russia.us will probably su:f!er leastturn or force back the German right even other passes east of tha.t the Allied Em- hence the old saying that the Czar's best assisted by the British Fleet, and the pires have ga.ined ground. The snow in commanders were General January and Metz-Strassburg :flank is practically im- , the mountains still hampers military General February. pregnable. But any attempt to break the operations, and this naturally is to the In killed and wounded there is no · Ger.man front is hardly likely to succeed advantage of the defenders- in this in- reason to suppose that either side has lost either. In the first place the Germans stance., the Russians, for the tim~ being. more than the other, so that upon the are on "interio:r 1-ill'es " - a self-evident ' .In the -~arly ;_orning of February 3rd whole the advantage with respect to advantage for the defender, who has the .first serious fighting on the Egyptian wastage would seem to lie with the central clearly a much shorter dista.nce to traverse border took place . The Turkish advanced Empires. The German estimate of in mov-ing reinforcements from point to guard made an attack in force over a capacity for reinforcement places the point. And this advantag\.l is greatly in- front of some 25 miles, three points being French figure at one million new men. and creased for the Germans by the fact that assailed. The northernmost point was El the English at the same: these, they the triangle Ostend-Ham-Thionville occu- Kantara., where the Turkish force was think, insufficient to compass their defeat pied by them is :a most complete network calculated at 1,200 men, and there two in the West. The Russians are unlikely 0£ rail~ays, roads, and canals-perhaps attacks were made, both unsuccessfully. to do more than. maintain their present the most complete in all Europe . This Some fifteen miles further south, at strength, which has already proved indistrict is also exceptionally rich in coal Isma.ilia, the Turks achieved a partial sufficient to overthrow the Austro-Gera and iron, enabling the conditions to be success, 2,000 men succeeding in en- mans, developed still further in_ favour of the trenching a position only 709 yards from ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Germans . On the other hand Picardy or the English works. The main attack was that Allied territory facing the Ostend- made in the neighbourhood of Tussun Ham front is very poorly supplied in com: and Serapeum, and was pressed with great parison, with communications. 'rhere resolution, but no estimate of the 'rutkish are only the two lines, St. Omer-St. Pol- force at this point is to hand. 'l'he Turks A.miens-Clermont -Paris, and that by the were finally repulsed with considerable coast, Dunkirk - Calais - Boulogne-Abbe- losses. The French warships "Reguin" ville - Beauvais - :Paris. 'l'he important and "Dentrecasteaux," and the Indian junction of Arras is-though not occu- transport "Hardinge" rendered conpied--completely llorninated by the Ger- siderable assistance to the defending mans. F,inally the German positions are force. A general attack by the entire · now faJ: too strong to crumble before any Tmkish Army is now likely to be made in the near futme. It may not improbably sudden attack. In the -:mastem theatre the Russians are take the form of siege approaches to the evidently trying to influence the prestige various suitable points of passage, and Tailors' Workrooms and Leather Goods Factory at of the Germans by attempting enterprises the employment of a great number of that seem iniport.ap.t frorri the civilian's heavy guns. 'rhe 'l'mks are setting about STAFFORD ST. WORKS. point of vie"-. 'rhus the latest reports the business in a. very thorough 1rny, an<l describe them as threatening Memel- at extensive preparations in the way of col.Buckle Works at the tip of the fore-sig·ht in the pistol lecting railway material are in progress. 53 MARY STReET. which is /Gel:·many-and this may or may As the Turks are appaJ.·ently tlSing two not be true. But even if Memel were en- distinct lines of advance they will be able Head Office at tirely isolated on the land side, communi- to develop their full s~rength with con- 8 , MARY . STREET, DUBLIN.
THIE. WAR
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EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURER
FALLON
The only maker in Ireland of. general equipment for Volunteers. .
THI; IRISH VOLU·N1'EER, · RAZORS, .sc·1sso11:s, .POC .K ET KNIVES, and RAZOR STROf'S from
1/- to 5/6 each.
WILLIAM R.LJSSELL & SONS Hairdressers, 55 SOUTH Kll'IG STREET, DUBLIN.
WILLIA](! FANAGAN UNDERTAKER AND
Q A R R I A G l~
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P R 0 P R I E T 0 R,
54 AUNGIEFI STREET, DUBLIN. 1'.,l~pb.on-No.
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PRINTIJll-JG.
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N 0 TICE. All literary com1inunications for the " Irish Volunteer!' should be addressed In future to VOLUNT EE .R HEADQUARTERS, 41 ' Kildare Str,eet, DUBLIN. All communicatio1ns ·re ·Advertisements to be addressed to the . IRI SH PRESS BUREAU, 30 Lower Abbey Stree~. DUBLIN.
The lrlslh Volunteer. ' SATURDAY,· FEBRUARY 13, 1915,
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HEADQUARTERS BULLETIN
The Central Executive of the Irish Volunteers met at Headquarters on Wednesday evening, 3rd i~st., Mr. Eamonn Ceannt in the chair. The usua.l reports on Organisa.tion, Training, Arms, and F'inance were submitted and the necessary Orders made. Headquarters, 41 Kildare St., Dublin, 3rd ]'eb ., 1915. IMPORTANT NOTICE TO DUBLIN BA'rTALIONS. The Central Executive requests a full muster of all Companies of the Dublin Battalions at the Antient Concert Rooms, Great Brunswick Street, on Friday evening, 12th Feb ., at· 8.30 p .m. The Companies and Battalions will assemble at the place and time fi-xed by their officers, under the authority of the County Board, and will reach the Antient Concert Rooms not later than 8 . 25 p.m. The assembled Volunteers will IJ,e a·dd.ressed on important matters connected with Organisation and Training. "
(a) The clothes worn:on the person, including puttees and soft broad-brimmed felt hat of a. green-drab colour; if uniform not worn clothes to approximate to greendrab in colour; nothing white or shiny to be visible. (b) Arms and equipment as follows: 1 Service Rifle, with sling and cleaning outfit. 100 rounds of umm1;nition for same . 1 Bandolier, 1 Ammunition Pouch . 1 Bayone't and Scabbard. 1 Belt and Bayonet F rog. 1 'strong Knife. (fo1~ cutting hedges, etc.). l Haversack for Rations. 1 Water Bottle. l Mess-Tin for cooking, ea.ting, etc .; containing knife, , fork, spoon, tin cup. · l Knapsack, containing: spare shirt, spare pair of socks, towel, piece of soap, clothes-brush, comb, tooth-brush; First Aid packet incluQ.ing Bandages, Lint, Antiseptic Gauze, Sticking-plaster, etc.; Housewife, containing scissors, needle, thread, sa.fetyprns. Each Volunteer wiil also carry in his pocket : a. good clasp-knife, notebook,and pencil, box of matches, spare boot-laces. 2. In addition to the foregoing, each Company or . Half-Company ComJ;XJ.ander will carry: ·• 1 Pistol or Revol,;er. 100 Rounds of Ammunition.for same. 1 Whistle on cord. 1 Good Loose-leaf Note-Book. 1 -Foun.ta.in Pen or Copying Pencil. 1 Watch. · 1 Pair Field-Glasses . 1 Map of District. 1 Pocket Compass . 1 Range, _Finder. 3. Section Commanders and Scouts will, if possible, be provided with the articles specified for Company Officers. 4. Company Commanders will make suita-ble arrangements for sleeping, . and if necessary will require each man ,to carry blanket, sleeping-bag, or- part of shelter tent. P.H. PEARSE, Director of Organisation. 1
Headquarters, 41 Kildare St., Dublin, 3rd Feb., 1915.
NOTES FROM HEADQUARTERS. FIELD KIT FOR IRISH THE DUBLIN RALLY . . VOLUNTEERS. The Executive is very anxious that The following has been adopted by the Headquarters Staff as the list of arti'cles there should be an absolutely full muster constituting the Field Kit necessary for 'of Dublin Volunteers at the Alitient Coneach Irish Volunteer. Company Com- cert Rooms on Friday ev~ming at 8.30. manders will be i;esponsible for seeing The meeting will be a purely business that each man is provided with the neces- one. Its object l.s to bring the views of sary .articles. . the H<;iadquarters Staff and of the Executive -on certain important matters conF1ELD ~IT. · l. 'l'lrn Field Kit of each Irish Volun~ cerning Organisation and Training :is 'f ully as possible · before every individual teer will consist of :
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·Saturday· Februai-y 13; 1915. Volunte'ei in Dublin. Similar gatherings will be, promoted .'in other centres ·as opportunities offer. RECRUITING.
The subject of · Re.c ruiting will, of course, be touched upon. Several Dublin Companies have already substantially, increased th'e ir membership. Others m:e still at a standstill. The officers and men of these must really get up and do something. Some of them are too· fond of the military exercise known as marking time. Nothing so tires .a soldier as an undue spell of marking time. He is always relieved when he rears "]'orward !" THE FIELD KIT.
'l'he list of articles constituting the Field Kit for Irish Volunteers which. is published this week ·i~ designed to comprise everything that the individual Volunteer will need· to curry with liim on active service, and nothing that is superfluous .: It is not intended that the kits · should be served out by the Company ~uthorities: Each individual Volunteer should make it his business to gather around him the articles specified, and Company Commanders should see that the meri are busying themselves . Apart from thEY arms and ammunition, which the Company authorities will look after, the men will find no difficulty in equiping themselves at u·ifling expense . It will be noted that a broad-brimmed hat is considered more suitable for active service than the regulation cu.p : it affords a better protection against rain and sun and is in every way more serviceable. TRAINING.
The Training Scheme should be. put in operation at once. There is no need to wait until · spring or summer. . Fineweather Volunteers are not/Volunteers at all . Rain or fair, hall or no hall, our Volunteers can- and must- train .. Nor is there need to wait until an expert .instructor turns up. Forma.l foot-drill apart (and this is the least impoxt~nt part of o·u r training), the local officers, if they a.re the right men, :will be found just as capable of conducting Volunteer training as the average drill sergeant; in many instances niore capable. The aim of our training is not that we may look pretty on parade, but that we may learn to move fast , to keep ourselves hidden, to know the shortcuts, to G.oJlect and bring buck infonnution, to shoot. Tu 'a wo:l-d, Vohmteer training is much more a matter of applied commonsense than of expert knowledge . The cardinal mistake we made dming om first year \nis to rely too much on the ex-soldier. When most of the ex-soldiers had left us, we found that we had to begin all over ·again: that we had, under their tutelage, been working towards a wrong ideal in training- the ideal of the British barrack-square. We ha Ye uow definitely set up our o.-wn ideal, and \Ve are quite capable of reaching it.
Saturday, FeQrU.ary 13, 1915.
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I:RISH BATTLES .
VIII.-THE BA'I'TLE OF BALBYNAHINCH. The Battle of Ballynahinch on the 12th and 13th of June, 1798, was the decisive battle of the Insurrection in the North of Ireland. Tl;i:si Antrim Insurgents had been defeated~a 1~eek earlier, · but a vie, ' tory by the l)~wn men might very easily have brought-them into the field agaip.. In any event' Dp,vn was the more important of the two co unties, both in· resources and numbers, ·and especially by reason of its situation i~ the direct line between Belfast and Dublin. In the event of an English defeat there were no considerable forces at hand to rnpair the disaster, and
probably the entire province of Ulster would then· have risen. Mu.n ro, who c.o mmanded the Irish army at Ballynuhinch, had been elected to the chief command upon the arr est of the original leaders some weeks befol'e. His army-ma.inly recruited from N oTth Down, was assembled in the neighbourhood of Saintfield, Ballyuahi;rnh, after various detachm nts hasl been successful in prelimilia'i~y ~actions at -Bangor, Ne"·: townards, and Saintfiel<l, at whicb last place the English had met with a very severe- beating indeed. '11he Irish commander had established a system of requisitio·us for provisions, 1vhich was carried out in a very orderly manner, and his force-mimber:ing-at least 5,000-was well supplied and well in hand. The great majority of the Irish were armed with pikes, but thern 11:as a good. number of fo·c~arms also. , Mumo had also some half-dozen sinalf ship guns mounted
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TH E IRISH VO LUNT EEI\.
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on cars, which w~re fairly well handled, but there was not much ammunition. POSITION OF T HE IRISH AND ACTION
OF 12TH. Munro, in anticipation of an English attack from Belfast and Lisbum, had his line· drawn so as to face in a gene}'al north-west. direction. This 'comrimnded the road towards Saint:fi.e ld-which he secured by . a force on , Creevy-and covered the southern part ·of the county . On June 11th an advanced dej:achment under 'I.'ownsend occupied the town of Ballynahinch, driving out the few English troops there without serious resistance . Munro then formally established
bis line, posting 1IcCance with the main body of his musketeers on Windmill Hill and the pikemen on Ednavady overlooking the town on the left. About two in the afternoon of the 12th the English from Belfast-about 1,500 strong, under Gern~ral Nugent-appeared, and were joined by a considerable detachment from Downpatrick, whie;h marched wide round the Irish flank , avoiding the force at Creevy. McCance on WirHlmill Hill was called upon to bear the brunt of the. English attack . His men, well posted behind tho hedges, siuprised the English at short range :rnd drove them off. 'rhe English reinforced this section of their line heavily and came on again. The :fighting was very fierce, and McCance's skirmishers, using every scrap of cover and ' retiring from hedge to hedge, helcI the enemy in check for about an hom. McGance asked for 1:ei~forcements and
was quite confident of being able to hold the position, but Munro did not agree with this. view and .ordered him to. fall back to the southward. At the same time the English-now able to bring up their artillery-drove Townsend out of Ballynahinch. 'I.'his 9losed the first day's :fighting. During the night two English outposts were attacked and severely 'handled by small parties of Munro's men . .A.JJ. inhabitant of the town, coming into the Irish lines, st;:i.ted_that the English troops in the town were in grea.t disorder and that a sudden n ight attack would find them utterly 1.lllprepared. Most of the Irish officel's were in favour of making the attempt, but Munro himself opposed the design and no such attempt .was made. THE BATTLE .
Early on the moming of the 13th-,a bout 3. a .m. probably-the general engagement began. 'l'he artillery on both sides opened, but the heavy English guns were by far the more !:):ffective. Nugent sent a detachment under Col. _ Stewart against .the Irish left, consisti.n g of the Argyle Fencibles, a force of the 22nd L ig·ht Dragoons, and som~ Yeomanry, and another- Monaghan Militia, Yeoman Infantry, and another body of cavalryunder Col. Leslie-against the· front. This last body was fiercely attacked and, driven back into the town. Stewart' s command was also heavily attacked by Munro in person, but u 6-pr . and a howitzer of the English commander 's inflicted very heavy loss and the Irish were checked. What actually happened subsequently it is almost impossible to put together from the conflicting and contemporary accounts. It is certain that after marked initial success the Irish fell into confusion and were eventually routed with considerable loss. Munro rallied a rearguard on Ednavady and checked the pursuit for a time, finally seeking r efuge on Slieve Croob mountain . COMMENTS .
Munro has often been blamed for not attacking on the night of the 12th, but the danger of night at.tacks should be home in mind. His troops were raw and he had no time ·to make any adequate preparations. 'l 'he ease with which mw soldiers are thrown into confusion ,was manifested in the fi.ghtiug of the 13th, where they were successful to begin with . It is possible that Munro was more at fa ult in not reinfo1:cing McCance on Windmill Hill the day before . In any case that officer's handling of his detachment is a model for such operations: i:t ·was a perfect combination of daring and prudence, and his use of the ground w._as admirable. The cutting off of the o,utposts at night were such minor enterprises as would naturally contribute largely to strengthening the morale of
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THE
iRISH VOlUNTEEA.
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Saturday :Febr.uary 13, 1915.
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the raw Irish levies. Nugent's· conduct in seeking a battle witl1 uumericallv superior fo1.-ces ,,·as- Lol<l. Ris ~it uatio~ in Belfast ,...-as by 110 mem1s s~1fe and a victory wa t.he l> est way out. As By A. NmvMAN, A.uthor of "'l'lie thiug-s appeared to him it was qu.e stiouPessimist," etc. able whethe1· tl1e risk "~a s justified . His Uniouist profess to be afraid of sub • action is an instance of t he t rnt h that ·iu jec~iou to Mr. Redmond. They explain war the boldest course is often the most · then fear· by telling you " "·onderful prudent. stories about "Nationalist c1mn.ino· o· " But, iu. passiug, it ma.y be worth point-· ing out for the twentieth time that cm1ning is a characteristic of downtrodden BELFAST VOLUNTEER S. _'l'he rel_llxation from the ordinary people and animals. For instance, a fat routine of military work, in the shape of pug dog, protected from all disturbance, the Concert and Ceilidh organised by the and overfed if anything, has no cunning Belfast Committee on the 29th ult., ,vas whatever. But the ·s tray dog, . who is greatly appreciated by the Volunteers of chased and harried, and whose meals are the Northern capital and .their friends. few and far between, develops cunnino· 0 Great interest was taken in the visit of , rapidly. Eoin Mac Neill, the first since the incepUnionists who have liv~d as a superior tion of the movement. The dimensi~ns race with the help of England, would be of -the crowd and the enthusiastic recep- no match for Mr. Redmond and his tion accorded the various speakers doubt- fr.iends on equal terms. less " gave furiously to think " to those They would be like -so many spoiled few who "came to scoff " and learnt to pug dogs· placed on equal terms with so many roving and. hungry dogs; and they apprecia.te. ' But the Volunteers in Belfast do not know it. I need hardly say that the allow even such pleasant distractions to ~malogy is not intended to be dis1;espectdivert their attention from the more ful either to ~fr. Redmond. or the people serious work in hand. The ~ew scheme whom he woces so gracefully, and who of drill has been enthusiastically adopted, refuse his profered caresses so bluntly. and the recent set-back has served only But Mr. Redmond is a. pe1'Sistent lover, to ma.ke the men even more attentive to and nothing seems to discom~age him . . their military work . The special parade If I were asked to write the biography for fielcf work on the 24th ult. was most of Mr. Redmond-an honour which I ·do encouraging in its results. The scouting nof expect will _be thrust upon me-I ability displayed, and the aptitude which should not cla.im for my hero a great i~ the men showed for taking cover were tellect. I should rather study the man's productive of h:igh praise from the officers weakness, which, curiously e-nough, has in charge. proved to be his strength in the political The next parade for the same purpose game· I should dwell , upon the weather-cock has been fixed for Sunday next, 14th inst. Time ·of meeting and starting point performance which he exhibited to an as usual. Halfcday's rations to be astonished Ireland when the elections carried, and skeleton equipment. All began to go against Parnell, a few weeks men are ordered to attend punctually; before that giant's death. I should show further details will be announced at the how the timidity in Mr. Redmond's various parades dming the week. nature led him to avoid the kicks of fate and eventually to emerge after the split as the chairman of a united party, simply IF YOU WANT TO SHOOT STRAIGHT come to because he makes an excellent chairman. THE FOX & C:O. SHOOTINC RANCE-., I should quote, for the benefit of an ad74 THOMAS STREET. miring pulJlic, the wo1;ds of a man bearManaged by all-round Sportsman. , ing a. name which is one of the five great Avail of our Competitions and l\fon~y P;·izes . political names of the last century . 'l'his Open 1• p.m. to 10.30 p.m. in telligeut Englislmiau once said : " Mr. Sundays from 11 a.m. to 10.30 p.m. Redmond is a chanuiug man, a pleasaut COlllJ.JcL lliou; Lut for . my pmpose he is DO YOU FEEIL WE..AK, Depressed or run down? CAHIL11'S AROMATIC QUININE AND useless . You see, all the Government IRON ?-'ONIC will tone you up, steady yo'ur have to do is to invite Mr. Redmond to a nerves, improve your appetite, enrich your blood For summer lassitude, for Neuralgia, try ~ little chat in the Prime Minister's room, bottle, ls. and 2s.; postage . 4d:· Made only by and he succumbs." , ARTHUR ,J. CAHILL, The National Chemist 82A Lower Dorset; Street, Dnhl:in. ' I shou~cl give much to kuow lww many times }fr. Redmond was invited to "little VOLUNTEFRS! diats in the Pri1ne Miuister's room" dmSEND YOUR COLLARS, SHIRTS, etc., to ing the final strnggle for Home Rule. TtlE NATIONAL LALJNOR\' But. from 'vhat. has occurred it .is quite possible . to realise that the visits bore 60 SOUTH WllLIAM STREET, DUBLIN. their a ·c.ustomed ' fr11it, and Mr. Redmond UNIFORMS CLlDANED :A.ND PRESSED IN succumbed each occasio1!l.. TWO DA1'."S.
GAME rm NAY BE FLAYED.
on
We- know that he succumbed to the "little cha.t" abot~t exclusion. In fact, I recollect an incident which points to the date of this particular exhibition of weakness. Mr. Devlin visited Belfast and brought with him our amiable friend Mr. Douovau. After " Joe " had talked to the Executive about Ireland's unalter~ able determination, the force~ arrayed against the Nationalist party, and that beautiful thing, the great soul of English democracy, Mr. Donovan rose as thcnwh 0 by a. sudden impulse. 1 must say he played his part like a man and delivered his carefully prepared impromptu excellently. His business that evening wa.s - to a.ppear impulsive, and let the Executive- feel that he had just dropped in as it were and had been carried awa.y by "_Joe's " eloquence . · At any rate he deceived me for about · four minutes. He appealed to · the ;Execu, tive to admire "Joe's statemanship." There was a ma.n , if you please, whom a nation mig·ht entrust with the shaping of its destiny! There was a man before them who should be trusted without the necessity of his having to make any further appeal to the Executive for confirmation of his policy. L~t th~m trust Joe to do the best he could in the present desperate struggle. Let them trust him to make the best possible terms with the enemy, yea., even unto. the uttermost farthing- the ex9lusion of the four counties! And amid cries of "No" and howls of anger Mr . Donovan sat clown gracefully, having played the part of the · scapegoat, and revealed by a.n obvious; method that far awa.y in Westminster Mr. Redmond had succumbed to a "little chat in the Prime Minister's room !'' About a month later a chastened and contrite Executive accepted the principle oCa divided Ireland. Now Lam convinced that the "little chats" were very frequent after exclusion was forced upon Mr . Redmond; and I am con.v inced that Mr. Redmond realised that Home Rule was lost pretty early in the struggle. He made no attempt to meet the unconstitutional opposition of "Ulster"; and he awakened suddenly to the -fact tlint tlie rise of the Irish Volunteers mig)1t i11ean a victory of a sort for hish N<1t!o1 1nlity, to which he himself could uot lay claim. Before his eyes, I believe, 'ms Home Rule defeated by the uneonstitutionalism o·f :"'UlsteT" and t.he obvious union of English statesmen. I credit Mr. Redmond with appreciating to the full the fact that Ireland has invariably been betrayed by English statesmen, that it is not in the breed, and is contrary to the nature of the .animal :to keep faith .with a "subject race." And perplexed by the Volunteer movementan instinct~ve uprising of a nation which feels itself in danger of betrayal- and knowing that his paltry claim for Home Rule disappeared after a "little chat .... -- ''" '
,·
Mr. Redmond looked about him for some refuge from the in.evitable anger of his followers. ,~nd there his cunning saved him . He looked at the Volunteers for the first "t ime with loving eyes . He saw in the Volunteers a great possibility. He saw in them a buffer which he could place between the party and the people when the people realised that thirty years of constitutional ag;itation had borne only · dead sea fruit! In ..his . agi_le mind Mr. Redmond planned a ga.me which' we shall at some fti ture <late see him play. "I shall split the Volunteers," he said to himself"; and on the faction which the split -creates, I shall lay the blame of the loss of Home. Rule, and I shall then play the part of a betrayed leader. And they shall write of me in the chronicles of the party :-" Now in those days came forth a leader ·of the people, John, the son of Redmond. And he reigned thirty and.five years in Westminster, and he did that which was good in the sight of the party. Now it came to pass that certain bold and lawless men arose, and did evil in the sight of the pa.rty, so that the people lost their liberty . Among' thesewere Eoin the son of Neill, Roger the son of Case.ment, a. sojourner in strange lands, and others with them, upon whom the people fell and in their wrath utterly destroyed them. JBut John the son of Redmond lived to a good - old age and slept with his fatheirs ,.aild Joseph the son of Devlin reigned in His· stead.',. . Forewarned is fo:rea.rmed ! Let us wafoh Mr. Redmond when he comes forth in his wrath, a beaten leader, beaten by a fa r away "little chat in the Prime Minister's room," to lay the blame of Ireh11d's betrayal upon the men who, fearless of- consequences, strove to ar:m and prepare the Irish Nation to. defend and maintain its liberty. But as Volunteers let us go forward and perfect oursel ve.s for the struggle which the defence of our liberty will demand. "The tragedy of the situation is," as Mr. Griffith said to me the other day, "that Redmond had a chance which no Irish leader ever had, and he missed it. H ad Parnell oeen in his place when War was declared he would have got the repeal of the Union in~two minutes, for the asking." Oh : · fo1: -another P arnell! well, we have something in his place ; we have a u.n ited, and armed body of men under brilliant and ' determined leaders, and through their fidelity Ireland may yet be saved. ,
65t,&15 n,o.. lH~11le,o..nn
DON'T FORGET
No. 2.
THE SPARK Sunda.y, :February
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Is Mick McOuaid Really Dead? THE " Ll TT LE" PAPER.
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-7
THE IRISH VOLUNTEER.
Saturday, February 13, 1915.
Motto was-Never let the grass ,grow under your feet, keep moving.
VOLUNTEERS'
THE IRISH VOLUNTEER.
8
Saturday F ebruary 13, HH5.
FLASHLIGHT Phot~~:raphs
' Taken of Dances anywhere in Trelau1l. S-ecretaries shonld book dates uow. ·
Keogh Brothers 75 Lr. Dorset St., Dublin. Successful groups guaranteed .
As I write these notes the first sheets of "Fianna" are being pi·inted o:ff. I give the paper a hearty welcome, for never was a paper launched with more daring or with less capital. . All honour to Patsy O'Connor and• Percy Reynolds for their indomitable spirit and enterprise. They share between them the entire work of editing and managing the paper; no easy task for two beys to perform in their spare time., Good luck to the pioneers.
imported from EngJand. Tlrnre is no use preaching against · them, for preadiing against them only acts as an incen~ive to a ·wider reading of ·these papers. 'l'hat has been the case.\vith-me, anyway.
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The-re was a ver"j great improvement in t-h~ attendance at the lectures _for Fianna Cadets during the past:. fortnight. The first of a series of lectures- from extern instructors · was delivered last Friday . The numerous questions put to the lect urer at the end showed the k een interest and intelligent understanding of the subject by the Cadets. - Not a few of the officers who could profit much from these le'Ctures still fail to put in an appearance .
I do not know what the contents of the paper will -b e like. I have, however, been shown the_first-instalment of " The Wandering Ha.wk," which will appear in the first number. It promises to be a really first-rate story of school-life. In the * .. I paid a visit to ]'ianna Headquarters chapter I have read we are introduced to the personnel of the school, from young on Saturday last and had a look over the Clery, the favourite, _ to "Old Snu:ffy,'' Jnspection Book of the Dublin Bat'.talion . the distinguish ed President _of St. Fin- I was rather surprised to find that the tan ' s College . The first chapter does not -left-half of Company "]3,'' Inchicore, has thrill, but, llke the first week at school, practically g.one out of busin.ess-. Capt. it introduces you to aJl the fellows and Colbert, Commander of Company "B,'' is masters, and you begin to know and like also Captain of the local Company of Irish Volunteers. That's all. them like an old hand.
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It -is an extraordinary thing that until the Christian Brothers took the initiative and published "Our Boys" a few months ago we have had no boys' paper for the boys of Irefand. '.l'he want has been keenly felt- for a very long time, and even the existence of two monthlies does not mitigate the want,to a very considerable extent. What we need riiost is a good live weeld y . Nearly every boy from twelve to sixteen years of age reads a.t least one boys' paper every week, and until them is one published in Ireland, they ,~n continue fo subscribe to those
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'!'hanks to its earnest and thorough President, the W aterford Sluagh of the Fianna has weathered the stonn that has wrecked more t han . one of our country slUaighte during the . past six months. Not being satisfied with their e:fforts to disrupt the adult volunteer organisation, n~any of the party politicians wh~ polute the public life of our country showed un-_ u~ual zeal in attributing Sinn Fein tendencies to the Fianna. ' A self-governing boys' organ,isation is inconceivable to the mentality of the machine politician.
w ILLIE
NELSON.
iE SURE
that you get the right Fianna Uniform, .{ you 1must -deal· with the OFFICIA_L · OUTFITTERS, ~
,l ••~~~~~ t~g~:".E H~~' 9,~~!n~?g,ua~,:.. '"'· D R,I N'K KBRNAN'S w•o
••
._
1782
13/6
'"rhe T0
Measure
· . Dry Ginger Ale Boots. V' olunt~er
1914
Spechlly designed for marching, and manufactured in my own factory by Irish 1-rade Union Labour. Post Orders promptly attended to.'
JOHN MALONE, NORTH KINO STREET, DUBLIN.
6 e1te' -' se.o.~ m.o.1 j11"0 n.o. "O.o.01ne," ,(\ J:;_.o.eue.o.t.o.:We appeal to you as a Gael only for a trial order. We are certain to give' you satisfaction.
",(\r sc.&-C
6.
LADIES; AND CENTS' TAILOR. ;p.&un.0.15 o ·boute1·n , 2 LOWER ORMOND QUAY.
B·OMBARDMENT OF
FOREIGN-MANUFACTURED -GOODS AT
LOUGHLIN-'S HEADQUARTERS' IRISH SHIRTS, HOSIERY, CLOVES, NECKWEAR, UMBRELLAS, HAND· Kl;:RCHIEFS, HATS, CAPS, BRACES, IRISH CLOVES FOR LADIES' PRESENTS A SPECIALITY.
T. J . Loughlin, Irish Outfitting Headquarters .
PARLIAMEN.T STREET,_ DUBLIN.
TARGET RIFLES FOR VOLUNTE.ERS. B.S.A. Rifles, No. 2 Model, 22 cal. SOs. War Office Miniature Rifles, 22 cal. 45s. B.S.A. Air· Rifles, shoots accurately up to 25 yards .. . .. . ... ... .. . 45s. Militia Air Rifles, shoots accurately up to 25 yards ... ... ... ... .. . S2s. 12s. 6d_. Goth, 20th Century Rifles, 22 cal. 22 Rim Fire Cartridges (various brands) . Greener Spotshot Target Rifle, Aperture sights, ·22 cal. ... ... ... ... 40s . B.S.A. No. 12 model Target Rifle, 22 cal., with aperture sights, the best Miniature Target Rifle on the market, £4 3s. 6d-.
L~
KEEGAN,
Gun and Rifl., :\laker &. Kr'nm unition Merchant,
3 INN'S QUAY, Dl,JBLIN.
H. Holohan & Co., Impo rters and Exporters of Malacca; Basket, Toy and Pulp - Cane. and White -Sticks and Osiers .
Buff
Manufacturers of Art Wii:ke_r Furniture, Travelling, Laundry and Factory Hampers. Wicker Trucks and ijandcarts, etc.
16
USHERS' QUAY, DUBLIN.
G.P.O. CONTRACTORS. < '.felephone ' 2921 ... Founded 1895. Printed for the ·Proprieton by P. MJ.HON, s, Ya.rnb.all St., Dublin., and J:lUblished at the Volunteer Headqu/lrterli, 41 Kildare St., Dublin. -
SUPPLEMENT TO THE IRISH YOLUNTffR. 'IMARCHING Of THE VOLUNTEERS I
IBOGS 1s MILITARY osmctEs I
way as to make the most of _their mobility as units. The ideal to set before the company is 25 miles a da~- with_ the possi~ bilitv of beino· pushed to 30 m case of nece~sity. 'rl~ere is no reason why this Auv consideration of military operaI. should not be quite possible. tions ·in Ireland will inevitably inciu,de an 'fhe one charaeteristic of the Irish To begin at the bottom-litera-Uy as estimate of the influence upon such operaVolunteers th.at stands out beyond every- well as figuratively-the men ' s feet must tions of the Irish bogs. Over 2} millions thing .else is their wonderful en~urance be in o·ood condition and properly of acres, or nearly -0ne--seventll of the as manJiers . 'l'his lws struck' every · equipped~ B~fore starting on a march a'rea of the country, are covered by bogs trained instructor who has been connect~d the company commander should satisfy of one kind or anothei< Some of these with them and the case is the same rn himself that his men have all washed are situate on mountains, but the greater every part_ of the country. Curiously . their feet, . have clean socks, and are portion are the ordinary flat bogs in the 0 h tlie Volunteers themselves do not enouo·. solidly shod. 'l'he men themselves should plains, and it is these that' have played seem to fully realise the be taught that this is necessary paiit the chief .part in the Irish wars. offered b;y this power · of marching, so it of their military educat10n . Each man In general a bog resembles all other is woi·th· while to explain what it really should learn to attend to any soreness .of military ' obstacles-such as a.· river, a means. his feet after the march, by bathing them, mountain chain, a string of lakes-in that Suppo.s~ there is an. army capable of putting vaseline on the sore part~, and an ai·my posted behind it can only be avcontinued \narching at the rate of 20 miles airino· his socks-changing them if pos- proadied by very few routes. 'l'he n:iads a day-fo{: five cir six days, at all events- sibie~ This refei~s. to long marches-the across a large tract of bog are not plentiand suppose it to be opposed by an army weeklv marches oil Sundays. Once a ful and are usually at a ,fair distance from capable of marching only 15 miles a day: week is not very often to turn out for a each other. Of course small parties of clearly the ·former has a great advantage long march, but a man who has d~ne ~5 men can make their way across the actual of the latte-r . If the two forces a;:e miles for three successive Sunaays will bog itself provided they know the ground, ·marching to meet each oth~r the fo~s~ is not ·break down easily on active servic~. but no large formed body can do so. much better placed with a view. to seizrng Sunday marches should start not la~r Moreo.ver, it must pe borne in mind that a strong· line or position lying between than noon1: the men will then be back rn a boo· offers no cover to an advancing the.m :.. in. m~rches to a flank of any de- ample time to be well rested before be- force~ it is a dead _level without trees, scription the advantages are much in- -o·innino· work on Monday morning· -ocks b~ildino·s, or any other shelter. 1 h b b d' ' . b very- rarely, a .very hard c~~as~d-the fa.st~)r army can mare So much for endurance . The ru iments Sometimes, but' i·ound the other. . of' march discipline-all that is necessary frost will make passa'ble a~tract .t hat could This much is e.vidently true in ·a general in small units-can be taught in frequent not otherwise be pass~cf over. way, but much more is possible in the marches of a few miles on summer evenWith reference to 'the ro·ads over bogs case of the Volunteers. First of all, 20 ings. Even one hour spent like this in a there are two. points to notice. ~he road miles is not an overpowering march for ~'eek .will be advantageous. The 'follow- has to be .b uilt up artificially for its entire any of the companies even in their raw ing points should be observed :leno·th and consequently is made as state . Very little practice would enable l. March in step. . str:ight as possible to· save labour : again, them to do 25 miles a day for some days 2 . March in well-dressed and well- it is unfenced because there is nothing on and be fresh enough to fight at the end closed fours. either side to be fenced in. ~<\.. bog road, · of it; They a.re but little hampered by 3 . Obey the officer's orders with then, is a straight- causeway at a fail' equipment aud would have v_ery much less promptness. · heio·ht over the level of the surrounding dead weight · than the ordmary regular · At the same time the company officers, cou~try . It is consequently especially soldier. Secondly, the Volunteers are or- by practising punctual starting, definite liable to be swept by fire, and any force ganised in small units,'. and, otJter ~hings planning of route, and general smarten- advancing alon'g it may be stopped by a being equal, the smaller the umt the ing up of the men, can contribute very few picked riflemen well posted at one d o·reater its mobility. In addition a chance much to their· unit's efficiency. b ld @. breakdown of any kind ' such as wou •!• In short, a much inferior force i~- safe delay a division need not worry a comLIVERPOOL IRISH VOLUNTE-ERS. behind a bog as far as a frontal attack is The Liverpool Volunteers are holding a concerned if the commander has taken pany. Finally, when the ·unit is sn:iall its full fire power can be developed mstan- Ceilidh Mhor in their headquarters, 78 his measures with. ordinary care . Only a taneously: in such a case the comi1:1and- Duke · Street, on Tuesday, 9th March; turning movement offers. the prospect of ino· officer has a better chance of estimat- further partic~1 lars of which will be ·an-. success, and the defender should be_ able how he -stands with reference. to a nounced in due course. Irishmen in to meet this if his force is considerable or and so of using it where Liverpool who wish to serve their country to withdrati' in go9d time when the E)nemy most profit be derived £mm it. should come to 78 Duke Street and be is definit(:lly to his flanking al·e such· a: ve1·y !:!Teat number of l'Oa_ds lll h I .'· h v 1 t D1·i'll ~ enrolled in t e ns o un eers · . move. parallel rqads :qa.n be and shooting practice every Tuesday and In the case of a hostile army marching .for marching the colums and a ..Friday nights at 8 p.m. L earn to shoot- parallel to a long expanse of bog leaving broad· front can be thus secured and rein- it will be usefol one of these days. "Do the latter on its flank , it would seem that made available within reach it now." •!• the marching force is cover.eel by the tract of 'e.Very point. . 2nd.. BATTALION ARRANCEM,E.NTS. of waste land. But as a matter of fact a · · E~11"d.· ently it is advisaqlE) to. aP,q.pt such · · t f th' 1 · l · ually 'not con ' All Office;s Section Coinman'd ~rs, ·etc·., lon°· trac o is nnc is us the ' ·· t . d "t . tt cl · but it split np by slices of good a ' system of training1 as will make £ th of above Battalion are reques e o a en b·1·t most of. the natura mo i i y o e lecture at Volunteer Headquarters, 41 Kil- land, where there will . be .. roads. Volunteers. 'rhis will comprise the har- cl St t 0 . Monday 16th inst at Evidently such country as this is very denin o' of the men in each com pan,y r ~-n to are ree ' ~ .< ' • • . t bl ·£ . . ·cl· no- enterprises by small .: . e'fficle~t.. a'nd enduring , marchei;s;,: and the ' 8 o'clock 'sharp,' When rnstruction ill some , SUl a e 01 mi. i .. o . . ' . ..J].nits ' iri: . such a .p hase of Volunteer work . will be g·i ven. bodies of cyclists agamst the enemy s handling of the several
p9ssibiliti~s
~
0
in~l'~i'nfo1:cemeut
m~y Ii~el~~d .t_hat ·several u~ed fo1~ce:llrents
The~·e
commit~e,d
tin~ous
0
·
·
g~od
I·
SUPPLEMENT TO THE IRISH VOLUNTEER.
11.
Saturday, February 13, 1915.
,
flank. Cyclists are just the kind of force £or the "hit ·and get away " tactics required on such raids. Cyclists can cove1' the distance rapidly £or a sudden -{lttack, and can retire rapidly and safely where it would be impossible £or infantry to .do so. 'l'he dang·er of fighting in £rout of a bog is naturally very great. There are numerous instances in t he Irish wars of froops being driven into bogs and then helplessly slaughtered. .On the other hand a bog offers a means of escape to a smaJl force with good knowledge of_the distriet withdrawing ip.to it at night. In one respect bogs give a kind. of concealment as they are but a poor background £or a target. The D?-oisture over them also ca.uses error in the line of sight . For these re~sons it will often be best to hold fire if the enemy advances over the mo01:ish surface itself, and then overwhelm him at close range. Artillery is comparatively ineffective in such ground.
I
ROLl. CALL.
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'l'ralee maintins a very live corps . Its fine drill-hall (onee a skating rink) is an important asset.
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:L'he four Companies in Cork City are busy 1 ...ider peculiar difficulties. Cork ~s always sa ved by its minorities In Galway City there is u hard fight, but the men are determined and courageous. A.nd t hey know that the Gaedhealtacht round about is with them.
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Belfa,,t rallied splendidly to hear Eoin Mac Neili last.week. Let no man think that even there the Nation i.3 not remembered ..
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Naas has stU:-rted what looks like a pro: mising Company. In several Kildare towns the moment is npe for a similar move.
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New centres in Fingall will shortly join rn. The old cenfrps• are ·active. Commandant MacDouagh keeps the 2nd Dublin Batt . . busy " Field . work and special training for officers are the kPy -~ notes of his system'.,;
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(.0.l' ledniit.:\rnc.)
I
The Limerick JRegiment has struck a recent visitor from Headquarterg as perhaps the most efficient in Ireland. In some respects it leads Dublin.
•
LeAl'.>Af' 'Of'1lte ti6st.&6A1t'.> t1A lH~1f10At111:
Cl1.<1t--'n.6.c le 'Ourne.
'Oume.
be1ttCedf' dn 5unnd Cf'edrnd dn cle1t'.> d:SUr ted5tdl' df' d tdOt'.> dtf ~f''Od1s1udn n5u<1ld1nn cle e 1 5unn.<1i .<1 '06 'OCtteo 50 mbe1'0 dn m.<15.<11rin 10mp<11ste dmdc dl' tdot'.> n.<1 l--'Hhe cle. be1l'cedtt :Sf'P1m c1oc61:se. ..dl' t'.><11r dn sunnd 1 'OCf'eO 50 mbe1'0 5tte1m .<15 '0--' dlC 'Oe -:SdC me1f' dl' t.dot'.> · UdCC.dft.dC nd b.<11re - d:sur dn 6tt'065 cu_61f'1m 6t'l.<11S or c10nn ttinn n<1 b4'1fe 1 .<1 t'.>pu1l 6n u1llmn rudr 'Oen t --'1ril cle :so 'Otut te1r dn 5cl1.<1t--'n .<15ur dn cu1'9 e1le '01 rince - dmdc 'Oitte.<\c .<15ur r& t'.>.<11re dn sunn.<1 df' .don line le l--'tt n.d ce.dt-
A. very iuteresting operation was carried . out in South Co . Dublin on Sunday week last. Picked men from various Companies of the 1st Batt., under Capt. Daly, assisted by Capts. Beasley, Dolan, Acting-Capts. McCormack and A.llwright, I1ieuts. O'Sullivan Fahy, Whelan, Shouldice, L ynch, O'Callaghan, etc~ , etc., advanced to the attack of the village of 'Rockbrook, which was successfully defe:' ded by the local (R athfarnham) Company under Capt. Pearse and Lieuts . Boland and Clarke..
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The operation showed that, in the absence of artillery,_a small defending force which knows the ground and is well served by its scouts, is practically invincible in a well-chosen position. ~
Cl1.<1t--'n.<1c le 'OUlne. Sctobtdl' .dn L--'ril 'Oe~r cum dn C.d01t'.> 'Oe1r.
ni m6l' peUC.<11nC CU1:Se :SO mbe1'0 .dn Um cle rince :sunn.di .<1 ctti.
.<1m.<1C 'Oit'e.dc 6n u1ttmn,
.<15ur r--'L t'.>.<11re dn sunnd .<11' .don line Le L--'1' n.<1 . cedtl'.dril.dn.
mun.<1 n'9eunC.<1f' dn '0.<11'.d
ni 'Oiot'.> r.dn l'.dS.<11'0 beul .dn sunn.<1 Le t--'n.<111; .dm.dc 611 :scottP n6, nedCC.dl' .dc.d, 11~1;.<11'0 re c1rilce.<1ll dn mumiL. r1.df'.
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Commandant Cean.nt is responsible for a new and valuabl e :d eparture in the 4th. Batt. Ten men of: each Company bivov-· ackQd in Kimmage the week-end be£orelast. Special drill, a "Ceilidhe, and church THE FOLEY TYPEWRITER TRADING (!O., parade were features .' Reis Chambers, Dublin. :t; Telepho!le 117Y.
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