The Irish Volunteer - Volume 2 - Number 35

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EDITED BY ~OIN: MAql. NEILL. V o l. 2. ·No. 35

SATURDAY , AUGUST 7, 1915.

(New Series).

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The British Liberals and Ireland.

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A Chapter in Modern History.

'The pamphlet, "Ascendancy While You Wai t, " by one of England's criminals or enemies--to the chivalrous and virtuous mind of the Predominant P ar tner, whoever is believed to be an enemy is necessarily a criminal, for only wickedness incarnate could be the enemy of virtue incarnate, and thus it becomes a pious duty to attack, and if possible destroy, the character of those who are the enemies of so much holiness-the pamrihlet is a study of the mental life history of the British Oligarchy .

The British Oligarchy professes a high code of houo,.ur, and takes great care to let the world When tbe hyJ_Jocrisy of the know about it. thing is laid bare- for example, by George Bernard Sbaw-<-the British Oligarchy neither winces uor bl ushes, but goes its way unchanged.

It gives its Shaws and its Chesterton s what w~ call in Ulster "a .fool's I arJ on." They are its l icemeLl jesters . The ir duty and office is Like that of the charioteer in the old Irish stories, who stimulated his master the hero by taunting and reviling him. Superb virtue can afford to keep such amusing critics on its staff, and to pay them well. Does not virtue become superb in the very act of paying hard cash for the vilification it undergoes ?

The most wonderful thing ;i;buut tbc Briti sh Oligarchy's code of honour is iLs geograpbi c;1l · or tribal boundary. It does not extend tu aliens. The same is said tu be true of savage heathen tribes. - We read that the tribesmen hold themselves bound by no law of honour, hone ty, or any sort of morality towards any b ut those of their own tribe. That this is true of heathen savages I am not at all convinced.

There is a uni versa! law in the conscience of men, though the law may be obscured by enmities and prejudices; but so far as it resembles truth, it is a case of extremes meeting.

The British Oligarchy is. the creain and champion of civilisation, and I can undertake to fill a volume with incontestable proofs showing that its cod~ of honour is bounded by the tribe, and - ~hat, .beyond .t he tribal- bo?ndar~, · as the ImperiaJ eulogist has sung, " there ain't no. Ten Commandments"; that "Thou shalt not kill, " 11 Thou shalt not steal," "~hou shalt not bear

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false witness,'' " Thou shalt . not coYet," are wholly ·null anJ void.

Ireland · is outside of the tribal boundary.

The most honourable me mbers uf L11c British Oligarchy will do thiDgs in Ireland and .in what concerns Ireland that they would shrink with horror from doing within the ir bouncfa. What British Minister would emJ_Jloy thieves and pros titutes in England on special servi ce again st British political opponents ? We reIt was member the "Marconi Scandal. " thought even a scandal to bring it forward, to suggest that British Ministers and their friend s could stoop to make money out of Cabinet secrets used as Stock Exchange tips. We h:Lve seen how the larges.t part of the British Press counted confidently on horrify ing the British Publi e by harp.iRg on, Llafch..George's d .;.ioci-_ ations of mere ar.istoc rat ic rapacity. Throughout all Ireland, .U niuni st as well a: Nationahst, these delicate deg ree. of British virtue excite amusement and de rision, fo r all Ireland kno ws tha t Loth sides of the British Oligarchy, the ho rriJie a1td the horrifted, are ec1ual I y tJreparcd 'to further their politica l uujects in [rcland by packed juries, corrupt officiab, perjury , forge ry, bri bcry, intimidation , oppre:sion, violetice, sectarian fury , extermination', murder atlll blooLlshed on any scale . There a rc honest Engfohmen who will ad mit that such arts of government have been employed in Ireland on behalf of Engla.nd in the bad old ,past. Let the dead :bury the ir dead ! But what has to be made clear is tha t every one of these arts of government is st ill a living thing in Ireland, kcvt living by the living reprcse;1lativcs uf the guyernmeut uf Ireland by England.

Within the tribe, the code of honour is doubt-. less puwerful , well-nigh omnipotent. We behold a group of honourable men, men of gentle breeding, University men, men of high position and trust. Though they take different sides in British domestic politics, they honour one another, and each of them also receives from the others by reflection a share of the honour .which he sheds upon them. They permit themselves to reproach each other with reaction~ry ot revolutionary . tendencies, with rashness, with muddling, with improvidence_:_ but with disgraceful and dishonourable ·conduct never, ·or if ever, only in the last resort. Con· sider the long roll of British Ministers d uring the las t two hundred years, and recall, if you can, an instance of . one of them who, l.11 a dictionary of biographie.s, is plainly described as a d isho1)ourable man. Almost to a man they 0

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Price, O.ne Penny. ha,·e been faithful to the tr ibal code.

Ask honest Englishmen to belie\'C that such men, many of them, have behaved dishonourably and disgracefu lly in Irclawl a.ntl to wards lre L1nd , a nd yuu will ask in ,-a in. Thin gs 1rcnt 11·rong, no doubt, but- well, I reland is a strange coun try , and there must be some other explanation.

The present Minister " for " Ireland, the Chief Secretary, is an J1onourable man . Mr. Arthur Balfour, a funner Chief Secretary, is an honourable man. They ba,·e ruled Ireland under honourabl e Prime Min isters. The late Mr. 'vV. E. Forster, Chief Secretary "for " Ireland, was ·a n hui1ourab le man, and his chief, Mr. Gbdstouc, was a Ycry Bayard of honour, without fear and without reproach. . These honmu-~ ble mcp, w~en :!_he ir ~E.!1~re ~f ,action passes over the Iri sh Sea, become afflicted with a pitiable calamity "Notliiug o f them But doth suf(er a sea-change Into something rich ~rnd s tr~u1ge . " Nut rnany years a.go a gentleman uf high station was sent u1·cr here 'by the British Go1·ernment on a s1iecial miss ion of great importance to tlic Government. A fri end of iniue, who kuew this gentleman well and knew thaL bis 111issio11 had a part icular interest for me, assured me in convers~Ltion tbat he was a mos t honourable man and incapable of being used as a mere tool of pol icy. " Wait one moment, " I re1 lied, "and you will see what use is made of your honourable men when the ends of Ir ish Government are to be served. " I produced the evidence, which was incontestable.

My friend could only exclaim, "Well, is not that abominable !" lu a rece nt number of "America, " Mr. Cecil Chesterton shows from documents bow Gladstone tried to use Cardinal Newman as his tool · fo r a particular expedient in the governmen t of lrela~d . Mr. Chesterton's conclusion from the evidence is "that Gladstone stands, to use hi s , ' . I' .1 uwn energetic exJ_Jress1on , a utsgraceu man . » Mr. Chesterton may learn by degrees that Gladstone's disgrace was merely normal and typical, and that every English Minister who o-overns I reland · must be d isgracedwhether D . . the truth comes out or not- disgraced .either by what he does or by what he conceals. T here never was a m~ment in which British. Goveri1me~t in Ireland ~as ~ot d isgraceful.

Mr. W . E . Fors.te1: was ·a;1 :hunO:urnbl'e man, as honottrabic as Mr. - Bi rJ:cll. : Tb~ " J.ri ., Ji Volunteer " has arranged to publish in succes-·

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t~E: si1·c numbers the history of "something rich and strange" in the Irish administration of Mr. Forster, under the Premiership of M1'. Gladstone. The other day I happened to stand among a g~oup o f educated Irishmen a.nd Irishwomen loo_king out from the top of the castle tbat crowns Cuchulainn's fortress, near D undalk · The castle is now a museum,_ and the · keeper of the m1.1,~~urn was pointing·-.out to us the -places vi sibl e'"- arounJ the wide horizon . _\iurth-wcst1-\1 ard, he said, you can see the towe r of the Catholic Church of Crossmag.Jen. "Crossmagl en !n I said; "that is interesting.

The day before yesterday a friend told me from memory two quatrains written by a young man from Crossmaglen. I wrote them down, - and ha1·e them here." I read out the ve rses, and ga1·e the ir history in bri ef . One qu atrain was th is :.~--:

A s~:affold on the Crurnlin Road , Or prison cell for e1·er1Ju t perjure r, before my Godlnforme r- never ! ne ver !

The otbei is quite distinct in theme :In all this world I\·e one true love , She's dressed in emerald green; My life , my love, my liberty, I pledge to R osaleen .

The 1ni ter _of these verses was a young _\ ational teache r, :Mi chael Watte rs~ of CrossmagJen. The first quatrain was written in his Majes ty'· pri son, Crumlin Road, Belfa st; the second, I think, in his Maj esty's p rison of Mountjoy, Dublin. For the benefit of any fore.ign er who may read these words I may explain that Dark Rosa lee n is J am es Clarebce .~fonga11". · . 1·ers ion of Roi s in Dubh, "the · dark little ·Rose,"' which .is· a poe t's name for Ireland.

Micb~1cl Walle r ·, unde r ·twenty ) Cars of age , wa~ ar ra igned Gy the Go1·crnmenl of Glaclston and Forster fo r con piracy to murder laudlon.l s and ov 1throw the Queen's Go1·e rnment. Eleven ·mc11 from the Cross maglen district were arraig ne d with him. All twcl ve were entirely i1rnuccnt. The evidence against them, as will ap p~a r, wa a mass of p erj ur ies and forger ies , paid for by the Government. The character of the evidence was well known to those who conducted the case for the Government.

The

iRISH VOLlJNIEEFL

Saturday, August 7th, 19l5.

brought to bear upon him. The second qua train _on the way to becoming a soldier. Indeed it is h is answer. The n Michael Watters was was the sole mil·i tar y at tainment of the Boers , m urdered in prison, so tha t he might never re- a nd we know \vhat use they made of it. Those veal these infamies . And yet afte r his death of us who are not shots can easily make ourselves so with a certain amount of trouble and Goel enable d him to reveal the m. ·' .'Surely ," said a lady to me that clay "on a t small expense . We can b uy an a ir-rifle for thousand rounds of Cuchulainn's fortress; "sure ly you will make fifteen shillin g ' ~nd these things kn own :". "' Y cs," I said, " the y a mmunition fo r sixpence ; we can ask a well shall be r~1 ade kno wn ;:.:with the helv of Goel, inform ed fri end to shqw us where is the forcand J. hove to liYe t sec~ monumerrt lu Mi chael si"ht and where the Lmcksight, a nd t o te ll us Watte rs in Crossrn agl er)'. with his 1-c.r;Ses in- their respective use ; we can retire to a secl udc d spot and set up a bottle to sho:::it at ; and the re scribed on it. " The history of the Crossmaglen Conspiracy we a re . By the time we bal"e expended 500 will he published no w in full fo r the fir t time , rounds we ought to be able to hit the bottle writte·n by one who knew the men, who kno ws every time at 50 yards . We ought then to be the fa cts, and is intimate- with e1·ery item of the able to declare war on those destructi ve Huns verjurie ' forge ries, sub ornrnent ' bri beri es, the spa rrows, and thi s will practise us in the intimidations, corru pt ion s o f government a nd a rt o f not being kiJ·Jed ; not that thi s type of of justice tha t rn_ad e u p the case for the Crown . Hun is likel y to de fend itse lf when a ttacke d , Thi s history will Ge .continue d from week to but because the be tter we hide ourselves Lhe week in the columns of the " Irish Volunteer. " more of them can we kill. The man who can The Government had a special reason fo r bit a sparro w three times o ut of fi ve a t thirt y selecting Cross magle n as the . scene of its con- yard s is beg in ning to be ·ome use to hi s countr y, P erh aps our aspiring sold ier is more :·piracy . • The Protes tant fa rmers in that di stri ct were becoming L and L eaguers.

The ambitio us or more wealthy than I h a ve ye t " continuity " of the government of Ireland- it hinted . Perhaps he -is p repare d to pay a couple was the Viceroy .o f that tim e, Lord Cowver, of pounds for a minia ture rifle , a nd ten who lai 1 do wn the maxim tha t "the g Yernme nt shillings a thousand for car t1idges . If so, all o f Ireland is a continuity ··--thi s continuity, the better. H e will smell powder earl y, a ml since Castl ereagh's time, has depended on I am sure he will want to go on smelling it. "hal k::::i ing P rotesta nt agai ns t Ca tholic a nd When an obliging fr iend , or a penny booklet Catholic against P ro tes tan t .'. The hi story will on musketry, ba s given him a fair ide a of the show how, whil e Gla dstone was trying to use workin gs of his infe rn al m ~chin e he can start the · P ope a nd Ca rdin a l Newman against practi s ing on ta rget cards (whi ch are cheap) a t 2 5 yards .

When he can score 50 per cent. he Ca~holics, his subordinates were ap pealing to the most extreme Protest<rnt fee lings to keep i beg in n in g to be a usefu l me mber of society;. . Ireland clividecl. . when he ca n score 75 he is a sho t. H e can now make an assa ul t on the trenches of those Hun s ' lhe rabbi ts . When he can sta lk one of these · ~v a ~ Lo pu t a bull e l iJJ hint a l 30 yards h e rn <1y take it from me th at he is o ri the rv ad Lu

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Modem warfal-e con ists for tbc rnost part in f eeding that voracio us mons ter, the Big Gun. Men are his food, and he will swallow a Com-

case was so rotten that these officials were fo rced, by the necessities of Briti sh Gove rnmcnl in J rclaml ,. to seek to be tter it bv1 bribini::: ~

pan_ · of them with ease ;. a nd leave ver y little of a Batta lion b ehind. The modern soldier goin g uut to di e for his country l>ecomes a grain in a bundle of cannon fodder. Many of us will p erhaps think that our country asks too much of us in r~quiring us to sink ·our individu ality to such an extent in making the great sacr.ifice .

We would like to hai·e a fight- a genuine fi ght - before we die , and as modern warfare J c1a J nce o f· t J1a t we appears to gt· ve us 1.1tte

aDd jnti111idating some of the accused to do

hesitate to become soldie rs .

aLld itional per jury. The hand d God, in a But a ci l'ilian is out of p lace to-da y IYbcn wonderful· way , re vealed the abominable • the bulk of the ma le p ::-pci lati on o f Europe is secrets of their plot. "More o f the old ' bad o ut in a rms . Under t x; ~ ti11 g conditions who .p ast! " your honest Englishman may say. Not knows wha t will happen w the unarmed and so long I a. t, however . Whe n Michael Wat.ters untraine d? Who knows when his life and the lay in ~elfast Gaol, I was a student in St. lives of all who depe nd on him may not require Ma lachy".s Coll ege, separated from the gaol by ~he defence of hi s strong right arm and the a high wall. .Not even so far past as that. . we apon in it? There will soon ·b e no room ·.S ome of those who took a prominent part in for civilians. Let him who would survive be the ghastly plot are still alil·e and are still en- a soldier. gag ed .iii tlte go vernment of Ireland .

Now; a man can t ra in himself to be a soldie r The cha racter of the young teacher, Michael without necessarily b ecoming a grain of cannon Watters, · needs no testimony beyond.. his own fodder.

Let us consider the principal simp'le lines, almost miraculously p.reserve <;I. characteristics of a· soldier, and think how we Michael Watters was tortured .by the British can acquire them .

Government to make him become a perjured First, there is the ability to kill without being informer, · and -withstood the _t~ rture . That is killed.

Some of us, . being sportsmen, are lhe subject of his first quatrain . The n the al ready gifted tha t way. vVe are well abl e allurements of an attractiYe youn g woma11 ·we re to track and shoot ga me . Thi s is a great lep

becomin g a good ci tizen.

One 1Yor d o f wa rnin g. lf yo u wa11L lo fw d o ut whether your rifle is loaded it is Ge tter no l to look do wn the ba rrel while yo ur toe is res ting on the trigger.

T he first ste]_) towarJs becoming a soldie r is now accomp lished .

The rifleman's second necessity is a sound body, a body tha t is capable o f standing the maximum of fati gue with the minimum of rest. For, if he is eye r Lo stand up against cannon fodder, he must be able to go twice as fast and twice as fa r with half as much sleep . T o begin with, he should curtail hi s tobacco expenditure , if he has not already done so to pay for his rifle, a nd be ·hould smoke a pi]_)e in preference to cigare ttes . H e ca n the n easily train him self for ma re-bing by walking distances he wo ul d othe rwi se travel by carriage , tram, or train.

The third i1ecessity is discip line, i. e., the habit of obey ing orde rs prom p tly and cheerfu ll y. Any man caq attain this· by" carryin g o n hi s o wn work, wha te1·er it may be, in thi s spirit. A soldier often has to obey unq uestioning] y what appear to be unreasonable orde rs.

Fina lly, the ele ments of d rill are necessary for the rifleman in order tha t the uther three attainments may be p rop erly used. If he cannot join any coq)s of Volunteers he can at least watch them, or a ny of the other a rmies that ocq1py Ireland, a t d rill.

Then, when his marching o rders co me , ·he will ,b e rea<ly to fall in , and he will have a satisf actory answer to

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THE iRISH VOLUNTEER.

Saturday, i\ ugus t 7th , 1915 .

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gi1·e on thn t fut ure clay wben he is askL:d th e we see (lll .the rer rnitin g po;;te rs : . " l/:1 t!1 ,·r, 1d 1:1l .! id ;1:u d1> 1rll\' :1 I rc l: 11i d fu;, c; hl r1 t1{' ~i i on

for Freedom

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IO' Donovan Rossa's Last Days I "Conciliation'' Rumour Denie d

Interview with Mrs. O'Donovan Rossa.

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A Lesson in Close Fightingl from Hooge .

The fo ll ow in g de ta iled desc riptio n of the met hod fol l01r ed i11 p ushing :t small local ·att:i ck: :tt H onge some weeks ago sho uld p rm·e Yery u ~c f u l fo r the gui da nce of the Iri sh Yoluntee rs.

O n the occasio n .in riuesti on the a ttack , as is us ua l no w in th e Fl a nders a rea, fo llowe d o n the explos ion of a mine unde r a sect·io n of the Ge rm an trenches .

W hen t called on l\[rs . o ·Donovan R ossa >it her hotel the other day

I was speciall y

anx ious to f111d out if there was a ny tru th in the Engl ish " Da il y T eleg ra p h ' ~" ~tate m en t that 1.Zossa became reconciled to E ng land in hi ' last hour, ;i ncl hoped that Ireland woul d ass i,·t in crushin g " tbe common enemy of civili sat ion ." I the refore in trod uced the ma tter into the corn· rsation as soon as po ·sible . Mrs .

O'D c novan R ossa indignantl y denied tha t he r husba nd had ever waYered in hi s op inions .

S he h ad been ma rried to him for fift y ye ars, she said , a nd d urin g all th at t ime he ha d consisten t! y ma inta ined tq a t ab solu te separa-

" The assaultin g pa rt y was qui ckly fo llo wed hy the bombers, who immccl iate ly se t about x tend in g our ga in. T he cra ter was soon p ut in to a sta te of defence, \\·ith suitab le bre:1 stwo rks, a nd the bombe rs split up into three parties, a nd started workin g do wn three di.fferent Germ a n t renches, driving the e nemy before them. " Bomb ing is h azardous work. Every trench is p rotected a t frequent interrnl s by traYer es, a nd behin d these, of course, the ene my endearnure d to seek shelter. Accomp anied by a comrade wi th fi xed b ayone t , the bomber

1)ossible to e ffect a urprise and throw him into ·confu sion. TE th::i t is done he beronies nt once .: 111 c:1sy pr\:'y . lL d Ol'S 11 t sig n i_lly 1·e ry much whe the r yo u a re attacking o r de fendi ng- in e ither case the enemy ma y be ~1pon' yo u from

::my d irecti on with practically no warning what-_ .e\·er. The thi ngs that bri ng you sah·ation a re r1uickness o f tho ught and action : ability to ·b ring your p iece to be a r on _the .instant, superj or :Skill in ha nd-to-hand comba t, &c. Abm·e and :beyond all it is in this kind of work that t horough scou ting. and protection of the ·ne ighbourhood tel ls most. The .best informed f or ce wil.l ge t s u ckle~ chances of attack that may gi1·.e it the e1ec i s i o1~-~tl-.i; 1 a ddition is far the; Rt".£,; like ly to :b e :Surpri. eel.

·THANKS! It ·is imposs ible to thank i.ndiv-idually all those who have sent- me messages of

cornforr ~

and congratul at ion. acknowledgment

And .I hope tha t thiswill suffice until I a m

liberated.

A.

NEWMJIN.

tion from E ngla nd was Irela nd's only hope ,

AN CUMANN COSANTA~ .

a nd tha t th is co uld be obtained only by fi ghting . Mo reover, she added , R ossa spent the

THE THIRD

last t wo years of his life in a semi-comatose

Volunteer Training Camp

co nd itio n, a nd was incapable of forming a n w im p ression d urin g tha t time . H e could ha rd! y be made to understand that the I rish Volunteers had been formed, an d only d imly realised that

\\.Ill HE HE LD IN

a E uropean war was raging . The news th a t the H ome Ru! B ill was on the Statute Bciok me rely el ici ted the exclamation " Hu mph!" .Durin g his last days R ossa became, if poss ibl e, more p ure ly Iri sh t:han before . Hi s wife ·a nd da ugh ters a ddressing him in Engli sh coul d ge t no ao wer ; but if an yone spoke to h im in Iri sh bi s face would li ght up, a nd be would keep up the conve rsation in that lang uage till ihe was exhausted .

"O nce," said Mrs . O'D onovan Rossa, " a youn g student ca me to visit him a nd tried to talk to him , but R ossa took no i1o ti ce of him.

The youn g m a n was o n the po int o f go ing a way in great d isappointment when I sugges ted be should try to Sf)e ak to him in Irish.

R ossa at once appea red to wake up, and they t:1lked together in Irish for h a lf an hour. " She wen t on to te ll me th a t dmi ng bis las t years R ossa was possessed of a ceaseless longi nrrb to return to Ire la nd . "Take me home-,'' was hi s con tinua l moan. They then took him a way from hosp ita l to hi s ho use . But he still c:on t inu~d to im p lore them to take him "home ."

T hen they knew th at it was Irel a nd h e meant, b ut it would have been im pass ible fo r .him to

NORTH CORK and LIMERICK

Starting 21st Aug. Men will assemble at Lime rick Junction.

111

at once to

I.V. HEADQUARTERS, 2 Dawson Street, DUBLIN.

a lva nces down the trench dropp ing a bomb into e ve ry dug-out he passes on the cha nce that a· Ge rman i tra ve rse .

hiding with in , till he reaches a H ere a ha lt is made , and then th

bombe r gently lobs one of his mi ss iles over the top of the tra\·erse. Immediately the bomb has exploded, the ma n with the bayone t acha nces ro und th e traverse , and c.le a ls with a ny e nemy be may frnd there. By this method CO(l . ide rable p rog ress is made, an d such an advance is very hard to check as long as the supply of bombs

t raxe l such a d ista nce . " Wh a t did R osa think of H orne Rul e ?" I

is kept up ."

The lesson conveyed by incidents of this kind

asked .

"He always said tha t England w uld never rr i1·e Irel a nd H orne Rul e, but , suppos ing th a.t

is th at conside rab le adva ntages ca n by el'en Ye ry sma ll bod ies of men if are bra1·e and dete rmined and keep about them. The cautio us adrnnce na rrow sp ace of a tren h is exactly

~y

some chance she did , Ireland sho uld only

take it as a step to complete separa tio n. 'But,' he said , ' E ng land ~vi ll never g i1·e it, o r if she rr ives it she'll ;1rnke it useless . I h a1·e a lwa ys b

p re ache d this to the people, bu t they wouldn't

i is ten to me .' " Thu s 0-Dnnm·a n Rnss:t died as he h ad lived .

E. O'D u n v.

be gained they only their 1Yits along the sim il ar to

that o f men creepin g in sin gle fil e a long a hedge ready for a desperate encounte r at e\·e ry ang le a nd gap .

In such cases everythin g depends on getting

you r blow i 1t first. EYen if th~ ene my is in g reate r force th;in )'O urs lf it may be CJUite

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Write for particulars to the Secretary, I. V. Head. quarters, 2 Dawson Street, Dubli9.

Do~'t

(Gal ty i\l oun tain s),

All applications should be sent

Insures Irish Volunteers against Victlmlsatlon by their Employers. . . . .

Buy a Watch by the Case!

By all means let the case be as go od as yo.:i ·can afford: But remember that a good case does not necessarily mean a good watch. Be sure you are beying an_accurate 1i1nekeeper. -An excellent watch is 011r £3 3s. Silver Keyless Lever, whose average variation is less th an a minute a month: ·

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Irish Kilts, Tara Brooches, Sporrans, Balmoral ·Caps, and all classes of ·· Equipment at

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Tailors' Workroom-

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Equipment Factory-

38 Stafford Street.

Head Office and Warehouse-

8 Mary Street, DUBLIN.

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rHE IRISH VOLUNTEER. -

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Any make of Typewriter Repaired.

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39 MARY STREET. 46 HARRIMGTOl'I ST

All literary -communications for the " Irish VC1lunteer" should be addressed in future to VOLUNTEER HEADQUARTERS, 2 Dawson Street, DUBLIN.

-All rommunications re Advertisements to be ad-.:J ressed to the

IRISH PRESS BUREAU, .

3o Lower Abbey Street, DUBLIN. SUBSCRIPTION.-Tke fr isk Volunteer will be posted free to any address for one year at a cost of 6/6 ; fo r half a year, 3/3; for the quarter, 1/8.

Cheques and Postals should be crossed and made payable to the Manager, I rish Vo/uniter.

The Irish Volunteer SATURDAY, AUGUST 7th, 1915

· Prosecution of ·Irish Volunteer Organisers.

~ pnson is suspected of acting, or o"f having acted, or of being abo ut to act in a manner p rejudicial to the public safety or the defenceof the realm , and it appears to the competent ll <ff:1 1 or military authority th:i.t it is desirable l h;1 l such person should be prohibited from rcsirling in or cnlering ;iny loc:i lily , the competent na1·:-il or military authority may by order prohibit him from res iding in or entering any area or areas which may be specified in the order, and upon the making of such an order the person to whom the order relates shall, if be res ide. in any specified area, leave the· area. within such time as may be specified by the · orrler, and shall not subsequently reside in or enler any area specified in the orrler, and if he ·_ does so he shall be guilty of an offence aga inst these Regulations.

- Major Ivan H. Price, intelligence officer, Irish command, gave evidence to the e ffect that · the prosecution had been brought un der the notice of Major-General Friend .

Mr. Moorhea:cl asked if the terms of th Defence of the · Realm Regu lations had been complied with.

Mr. Hanna objected to the question on the ground that ' the regulations imposed ui)on General Friend the obl ig;ition of exercising hi s j ud gment upon the question. Whether he h:irl e·xerc.ised lhat judgment or not coul d not he proved by anot he r gentleman. It mu st be proved in a regular way.

The Resident Magistrate- It would be better to have General Frierid here.

Mr. Hanna- I expect the Jaw of ev idence to lie rega rded in th is case as in eYery olher. The liberty of the subject is as important as the convenience of General Friend. · Witness produced the expulsion order against the prisoner, ~vhich was _signed by General Friend.

Mr. Moorhead said he would prove the servi ce of the orde r ui)on the prisoner, and that Pim had not complied with it.

Cross-examined by Mr. H ann a, witness dec lined to sta te who had set General Friend in motion.

Mr. H anna- vVho was. it brought Lhe narn s of Pim and two others before Majm-Gencral Friend ?

Witness- I decline to give any information as to what gu ided Major-G eneral Friend in making the order.

I

In the Belfast Custody Court, Jul y 29th, before Mr. J ohn Gray, R .M., the prosecu tions by the Crown unde r the Defence of the Realm Act of cer tain members of the Irish Volunteers came on for hearing. The cour t was crowded .

H erbert W . Pim, -@therwi e "A. Newman," was fi rst p ut forward. The cha rges against him were of ha\-:ng· fail ed to comply with an order dated ·10th July, made by Major-General L.. B. Friend, , C.B., Commancle ~-in_-Chi e f of the Forces in °Irelancl , un der the Defence of the R e,tlm (Conso lid ation) Reg ula tions, 19·14, di recting him to leave Ireland before 10 p.m. on the qth ult., a nd he was also charged with haYing made statement _l ikely to cause disa.ffection to his Majesty and to p rejudice recruiting at Belfast on the I 6th u.lt.

Mr. Moorhead, in stating the case for the Crowo, said the prosecution was brought under the 14th section of the b efence of the Rea lm Regulations (Consolidated), for fa iling to comply with the terms of a notice sen-ed upon him at the instance of a competent military authority for Ireland requiring him to leaYe the a rea stater\ in the notice, name] y Ireland, and •not to returo to Ireland unless upon the written pe rmi ssion from himself o r some other rompetent military or naval authority. The r 4th section of. the Regul a tions read :-"Where

COUNSEL AND PRIVILEGES UNDER THE ACT.

Mr. H anna, addressing the Re ·ident Magistrate, submitted that .that was not a Sta r Chamber in whi ch a military officer could refuse to ,answe r a reasonable question whi ch might affect the mag istrate's judgment in determin in g the case. \Vi tness- I object to answer the question on the ground that it would be prejudicial to the safety of the realm.

Continuing , witness said be was act in g on War Office instructions issued in rega rd' to all those cases . H e h;1d not got ;iny instructio ns ad !toe in that case .

Mr. Hann a- Diel you bring the case before Major-General Friend ?

Witness-No. Then it was not the intel_ligcnce officer of the army in Ireland who brought it before him?I am pot going to answer any 11uest ions of that kind .

Saturday, August 7th, 1915. :Mr. H anna- But you have answered it .

I want to make it clear that it wa s not the active mind of the intelli gence officer of the .a rmy in Ireland that brought it before MajorGeneral Friend.

To witness- Did you make any irn·cst igations?

Vi' itness--Certa in l y.

Did you make those im-estigations_ through the ordinary channels--the police ?- I am not going to an wer that.

Did you receive any report in writing in reference to this ?- I am not going to ans,ver tbat.

Later there was an outburst of a ppbuse from a number.of people sea ted in the public gallery :111cl standing in the passages, and the Magi strate pe remptorily or lered the court · to be cleared.

- Res uming hi s cro. -examination, Mr. H anna sa,id>-----I take it -your attitude is that you will . give no information, even though it may ass ist the prisoner, if in your opinion it prejudi ces the safety of the realm?

Witness-My attitude is th is: General Friend has marle the. order . I a.111 not e ntitled .to g ive any reason for the order. ' Constable J ames 'Lea "Y said the prisoner wa.s one of the speakers ·at a ri uhlic meeting held :-it: Clonard Street on the night of the 16th ult.

Pim stated that he would-not comply with the notice that had been served upon him, and tha t he had receiv.ecl messages of sympathy from all pa rts of the country .

Head-Con table Baird, recalled, gave ev ider~ce to the effect th;it the notice served on the accused exp ired at io p .m. · on Satm'day , the Ijth . ult.

On .. the following cfa y witne:s arrested the prisoner, .

Mr. Hanna- You are the most experienced detecti1·e in this city. Did you ever hear ·of a notice bei ng sen·ed on· any man orderi ng his expatri ation from his ow n country for a minor offence?

Witness-I never did.

Mr. Hanna- Or nobody else. :M r. Hann;i ," adrl ressi.ng Lhe Court, said he \l°Oti ld like to Cm[1 h:1 sis th;it susp icion w:1,; some thing more than a ting upon mere rumour, a nd the reason he asked Major Price what he considered to be relernnt questions in the interest of the liberty and freedom of the subject was to show that the military authorities were act in g, not on well-grounded facts such a.s reasonable men would take as a basis of suspicion, but on rumour et going by political opponents. H e had bee n endeavouring to find out what Mr. Pim had done prior to. the 12th J uly that might ji.1stify the suspicion that his conduct· was ·likely to p rejucl ice the safety of the realm, but there was absolutely nothing to just ify the suspic ion. If he (Mr. H anna) was not entitled to investigate the grounds of the suspicions on which the order was made, if he was not entitled to ask what he had clone, what was the use of him appearing there at all. · Why did not the military authorities courtrnartial the accused ? Instead of that, howe;-er , they came there to that court with a pretence of fa irness and sa id fo-.· reasons of State they would not disclose whi1t was in their minds.

Where, asked counsel, w;is Lhe eYidence of prejurlice to the realm? Major-General Friend had made an order--

• Saturday, August 7th, 1915.

'

Tlfr. Moorhead- That is concl usi,·e.

1\ilr. H anna said if that was conclu sive- a11d he would accept the words for the purposes o:f his argument- was not the Defe1~ce of the R ealm Act a traYesty of justice ? What was the meaning of it? If Major-General Friend .said " So-and -so," was the magi strate to say "Cuckoo ?" Was that law; was that justice ?

Mr. Gray said the order made against the accused had been disobeyed, and he would direct Pim to be imprisoned for three calendar months. l\fr_.;'Moof'h~;cl said he di d not propose to give anyevicfence in regard to the second charge, and he would conseque ntly wi thdraw it.

The accused was then rernoYed in custocl y, his sympathisers cheering as the prisoner was being conveyed across the courtyard from the Custody Court to the cell s in tbe Central Police Office.

CASE AGAINST D . M'CULLOUGH .

Subsequently Denis M'Cullough, who carries on a piano and organ business at 8 Howard Street, Belfast, and who is also a member of the Iri sh VQlunteer organisation, was cha rged with having fa iled to obey a sim il ar mil itary orde r, requ iri ng him to leave rre land.

Mr. J. R . Moorhead prosecuted , and Mr. Charles Power (instructed by Mr. Jamcs O'Connor, Dublin) appeared for the accused.

District-Inspector Dunlop gave evidence as to having arrested the accused at 9-20 p.m. 011 the 2Ist ult. This was twenty minutes after I he extension of time that had been. granted conditional! y.

Major Pri ce said the ques tion of the prosecution was brought under the notice of General Friend, who ordered that the accused _~vas to be proceeded against by summary jurisdiction .

Mr. Power said in view of his Worship's dec ision in the case against Mr. Pim there was . really little left for him to do except to protest on behalf of his client against the methods now being employed to govern the countr y. They were faced with a new state of affairs .in [re land . If Mr. M'Cullough had clone anything against the Defence of the Realm Act why wasn't he prosecuted in the ordinary way. They were liv in g absol utely under a regime of martial law . It was always one part y that was being harried by the Dublin Castle. authorities.

He did not know whether the Castle authorities were behind that prosecution or not, but he had a very good idea. The men whose leaders we re be in g sent to gaol would ca rry on the movement, for martyrdom of that kind only strengthened it. All through the country there were armed foll owers of these men, and he asked the Government if they were going on harrying this one political pa rty whose followers were armed . If the Government were prepared to drench the country in blood then on the ir own heads be it.

FOUR MONTHS ' IMPRISONMENT.

Mr . Gray sa id tbat case differed from the previous one, because the accused was granted an extens ion of the time limit upon certain The - onclit ions wh ich he failed to keep. sentence was four months' impri sonme nt .

As he was being escorted from the clock M'Cullough shook h:rnds with several friends in court.

THE IRISH VOLUNTEER.

r

NOTES.

s

I

The war .in Ireland is progressing. Four Irish Volunteer leade rs h:ive been made prisoners of war by the Coalition, after an unsuccessful effort to make them leave Irel and .

For some {mexpl a ined reason, there · ha·s not been a single word of jubilation in the Coalitio n press over this ach ievement.

*

*

*

The Irish war policy of the Coalition, like the Coalition itself, is a bit mixed . H aving first arraigned H erbert Pim- in clocking him of the meaningless Engl.ish "mister," I follow the example of the Coalition Under Secretary for War-for refusing to 'b e banished, the Coalition mended its hand, and decided to prosecute him for the speech in which he announced his refusal at a publ ic meeting in Belfast. Then the Coalition discovered that its cue in Parliament was to deny the fact that the Irish campaign had a political aspect, and it once more mended its hand and withdrew the charge based on H erbert Pim's speech. Also, for some unexplained reason, the Coalition came to d islike the notion of taking pri soners, and appealed to it·s prisoner to accept i1anish111ent. The prisoner reject<>cl the appeal and affirmed his own decision.

*

*

*

Denis M'Cullough has the honour of receiving a sentence~of a month's longe r imprisonment than his fellow-prisoners. As the same charge was made against him and them, and the same offence and no other proved against all , it is to be presumed that the aggravation lay in the fact that Denis M'Cullough, having been preside nt of the Belfast Irish Volunteer Committee si nce its form ation, continued in that office after Mr. B.irrell bad pronounced his decision that the Iri sh Voluntee rs did not come up to his standard of" loyalty. "

*

*

The Coalition, naturall); enough, began its banishment campaign with three Ul stermen.

This Friendly act was d ul y interpreted by the poor exube rant fellows who declared war on the Christian Brothers at Ballycastle . I don't agree at a 11 with the "journalists who throw the chief blame on the local offenders. ·The attack on the Christian Brothers wa s a natural and intended consequence of the British Government of Ireland, and those who vent the ir indignation on the tools and let the Burglar go scot free a re fools that pl <iy the Burglar's game .

*

·X·

*

Leaving my house the other day , I found. myself" un rler the obserrntion of three of Mr. Birrell's employes stat ioned at different posts.

One of them was able to signal to the other two that I had boarded the D alkey tramrnr at Ballsbridge. The discovery and report of this event wa s not a bad ·day's work for three well · feel able-bod ied men. Further on, I bought an

1782

13/6

evenin g paper and react in it that _a n -old man :.t.iid hi s Wife hiifl UCC' l1 . ba ttc rctl · [Q death. i Ii [Jic next county and their savings stolen. . This is not to be wondered at while Mt."- Birrell is compelled to keep his forces at'fi.111 s'tre~igth · \vatching and re po~f i.ng the mo,1e111ents of dangerou s criminals lik~ me. .

*

*

*

*

*

*

Commentin'g on the letter ·· in which Mr. Redmond announced that it would be "bad faith on . our part" to demand 'Home Rule in September and adopted the sanctin1oni~us Asquith-Crewe · fOrmula that- "the ·coercion of Ulster is unthinkable," the Uberal Imperialist " Westminster Gazette/ ' shows an intelligent app reciation of the situation by testifying that Mr. Redmond ha~ "relinquished a victory."

Those traitorous Welsh miners did not relinquish a victory. Like the four Irishmen, they disobeyed the Government's war orders, and the whole 290,0 00 will no doubt be sent" to pri~on.

Why would it be " bad faith on our part " to demand H ome Rule in September ? What agreement have "we" made that would be broken by the demand? These are very plain questions . ·X-

Sitting bes ide Cnrclinal Logue at the Oireachtas, I could not help wondering wbethcr , in the still protracted process of the searching of souls, the coercion of Armagh was thinkable.

*

*

*

*

*

Our Ch ri stinn forefathers looked upon " the perpetuation of hatred" as a characteristic mark of paganism. The very words of the Pope are fou nd in the Book of Armagh, where the writer tells how King Laoghaire refused to · abandon his pagan principles: "[Patrick] journeyed once more to the city of Tara, to Laogbaire son of Niall. But Laoghaire could not accept Christianity, ' saying : ' For my fat her N iall did not allow me to become a Christian, but [ordained] that I . should be buried, [after my death], on the heights of Tara, as men stand face to face in battle, I the son of N iall, and Dunl aing's son [the King of Leinster] in Mullaghmast in the plain of Liffey, for the perpetuation of hatred (pro duritate odii).' " B ut Ireland is now a Chri stian

The Volunteer · Boots.

To Measure.

*

The Pope has add ressed a letter to the heads of the belligerent states. The Pope adj ures th~ Empires to "put away the mutual des.ire fo~ destruction and reflect that i1at106s. do not If humiliated and oppressed, they die . prepare to retaliate by transmitting from generation to. generation hatred and the desire for revenge." Those whose patt it is to keep the Pope informed regarding this nation will be able to make clear to His H oli.fless that we Irish, though humiliated and oppressed, do not wi sh to perpetuate hatred b ut to be rid of the systematic perpetuation of hatred, and that we do not desire revenge but only the recovery of our national ri ghts and liberties .

1914

Specially designed for marching, and manufactured in my own factory by Irish Trade Union Labour.

Post . Orders promptly attended to.

JOHN MALONE, NORTH KING STREET, DUBLIN.'

•

THE IRISH VOLUNTEER.

6 na tion , and the pei·petuation of hatred is the special business o f E111pirc anrl il s aclherq1ts in Irefond . ' ·lf

-X·

*

According to · the same Liberal Imperialist organ !hat praises Mr. Redmond for relin(]uishi ng victory, the Pope's statement tha t the lesirc of the Empires for destruction is mutual "must he d isallowe d." The "Pall Mall Gaze tte" says : " Unfortunate] y it does not seem to be recognised at the Vatican that we of the Quadruple Alliance do not admit that we share in the responsibility and guilt of the war. " Eorn

MAc NEILL.

Satur<lay, August 7th , 1915.

m·e r ftft y minutes to p:iss the c0rne r o f D nme A firing party tk n fi red a vo lle y, the" La st SI 1-c«I i 11 10 Ce0rgf''s SL red . ; nrl I here wn s no Posl ,. 1i-as sounderl, a nil wrca 1·hs 1Yc rc !:1irl 0 11 dd:1.y in rn:1rslialli11g :wy o f the rn11Li11gn1Ls. llic grave .

A conservative es tim ate of those who actually It is es limate d that at least fi.\·e thousa nd . took part in the procession gives the numbers rifles were carrie d in the process ion. as exceeding ten thousand, and there must have bee n a t least ten times this number lining the . streets.

The fun eral came into College Green a bout 3 o'clock, headed by a body of Vo luntee rs, with .......................................................~~ 3=xra=="""'"""""""" the St. J ames' Band. T o .cJescri be its pass in g CASE OF MR. MELLOWS . this historic point is to descri be the eY n te nour A sentence of 3 mon ths· impri sornDent wa s, of its way to Gla snev in Cemetery . Tbere was on Friday la st, im posed by Mr. Swifte, in the no rise or fall of grief in the process io n. The Southe rn Poli ce Court, 011 Wm. Mellows , 2 I slow music of the band s sounded fortb. Tbe Mount Shannon Road, Kilrna.1nham, Dublin Voluntee rs, with arms re1·ersecl , paced slowly (a n o rganiser of the Iri sh Volunteers) on a to its strai ns, company afte r company . A pa rt charge of havin g, on the 22nd in st ., res ided in from Lhe great number of Volunteers, the proIreland contrary to an order made on the roth cess ion was re ma rk ably long, tnking a n.ho ur to

by Ma jor-General F rie nd, the co~11pe te nt pass a ny point. mili ta ry authority, under the D efence of the AT GLASNEVIN. Realm Regulations, prohibiting defend ant fro m I t was nearing 6 o'clock when the hearse res iding in, or entering, Ireland, and reqi.1ir-irig passed through the main gates of G!asnevin him to leave the o untry by the 11th ult.

Ceme tery . The avenue leading to the mortuary A copy of the military orde r was served on chapel was lined by detachments of Volunteers. the defendant in Athenry, on the I I th , but The prayers in the ch9pel were said by the the period ment ioned in the o rder ha1·i ng R e v. D. Byrne, Chap lain.

Seve;·a] priests expired, and defe ndant be ing still in the then accompanied the coffin to the grave, whi ch l'Ou11try, be wa. arres ted at Courtown Harbmir , is situ ate just beyond, the ea.stem fringe of the Co. ·w exford. Evidence was given by Majnr O'Connell ci'rck, close to the graves of two Price, who said that Major-General Frienrl , 0 11 other promine nt Fen ians, Jo bn O'Leary and the facts having been submitted to him in .

J a mes Stephens . The Bu rial Service wa s writing, rlecide d the ca e should be trie d sumrec ited in Irish by the Rev . Father O'Flanagan, marily, but the witness declined to produce the Sligo. written statement on t·he ground that it would Mr. P. H. Pe arse de livered a panegy ric on p rejudice the defe nce of the realm. Neither O' D onovan Rossa . H e said that he spoke on would h~ say by whom oral facts were sul behalf of a new gener_ati<?1.1, tha,t had bee~ remitted, nor give any rea on as to why the order baptised in the F enian faith, and had accep ted was issued . The facts, Mr. Swifte remarked, the responsibility of ca rrying out the F e nian might he of a highly conftdential cha ra cte r. programme. I-~e proposed that by the grave of No REASONS GIVEN. tha t l)nrepentant F enian they should renew \i\Titness adm ittecl, in cross-exami nation, that their baptismal vows. Deliberate] y they avowed he heard Mr. Birrell's statement q uoted in themselves , as O'Dono1·an avowed himself in Belfast the prev ious da y to the e ffect that those tbe clock, Irishmen of one allegiance on I y. who had come undier the lash of the military The Irish Volunteers and others associated with authorities had been o rde red to lea1·e Ire land them in the day's ta sk and duty, were bound for wh at the y had done and no t for what they togethe r hen eforth in brotherly union for the said . Whe n he was asked, however, if the achievement of the freedom of Ireland. They p resent de fendant ha-cl been banished from kn ew only one definition of freedom; it was Ireland for what he th ad clo ne or sa id, he the definition of Tone, Mitchel, and Rossa. In replied, "Bette r ask the General that. I can't a close r spi ritual comm union with Ro. sa, and give you any reasons." "Something like what with those . who suffered with him in Engli. h is pop ul a rly co11 sidered Pruss.ian methods ?"prisons, a nd with their own comrades of .the "I don't kn·o w; we ha.Ye to defend the realm present _day who were now suffe rin g in English a nywa y." pri ons, the y around Rossa's grave p ledged to Ireland the ir ·love and to English rule in Ire land the ir hate . Their foes were strong, Disposition of a Small wise, and wary, but still they could not undo Force on the Defensive. the miracles of Goel,_ who ripened in the hearts of young me n the seeds sown by the yo ung men In the p resent a rti cle it is proposed to of a fo!m er generation . The seeds sown by suggest .a' few general rul es for the gu idance of the young men of '65 a nd '67 were coming to their miraculous ripening to-cl ay. Rule rs and a small force of Volunteers- say a strong comdefende rs of realms had need to be wary if pany or a \\'eak batta lion. This would be the they ~vould guard against such processes. The n0rmal stn;ngth of a Volunteer force on act i1·e defe nders of thi S. realm had worked well in service ; and we w i 11 assume that the sty le of secret and in the open . . They though t that they country in wh ich the force is acting is normal had pacified. Ireland , and purchased half of Irish country. If any of the suggestions put them and intimidated the other half . They forth are opposed to tbe text-books , the reason thought that the y had foreseen everyth ing, but i~. that they are based on the more re ent the fools bad left to tbem the ir Fenian dead, e)!;perience of the present Europea n wa r. and wh il e Ireland held those graYes Trela nd Tl~se lessons can be added to by ca refu 11 y sturl;· iq.g the, mo re rle ta ilecl ~.ccounts o f t·h unfree w011 l 1 neve r be at peace ,

I

Banishment Order.

I

IO'Donovan Rossa's Funeral I The p tiblic fun eral of J eremi a h O'Donornn Rossa took p lace on Sunday afternoon .ffom the City Hall, Dublin , to Glasne1·in Cemetery.

During the three days when the y Jay in the Ye tibule of the City Hall the remains, which were encased in a coffin with a p late glass lid, exposing th feat ures to Yiew, ". re visited by thousands o f citize ns. The publ ic fune ral ye. terday, as a _pageant , wa s remarkably we ll o rganised, and was carried tbr ugh without a hitch .

This duty de volved on the office rs of the Ir ish Volunteers.

Thomas MacD onagh acted as Commandant-General; Mr. Daly wa in charge of the military bodies, which included the Irish Volunteers, the -National Vo lunteers, and the Dublin "Citizen Army. " Thi was the first occas ion in which these three bod ies have united in · one public procession . The '.\Tationalist socie ties of Dublin , which we re we ll repreented, were in charge of O'Rahilly, and Mr. Joseph Plunkett was 111 charge of the del egations.

THE STREET PROCESSION.

The coffin was co nveyed fro m the City Hall to the foui·-horse bier in waiting a t 2-25 I .m. , and fifteen minutes later the cortege tarted, headed by a guard of honour of the Iri sh Volunteers with rifles, a mounted guard ·being suppl ied by the same body. The coffi n was th ickly covered w.ith wreaths, and an open carri age behind was also fill ed with floral tokens, wh i.lst many of the continge nts carr ied wreaths to ·be placed on the graYe. Imme diate ly fo ll owing the bier were a number of old fri e nds of t·he deceased , includin a some from Ameri ca, Li 1·erpool , Cork, and representatirns of the Urban Council of his native town of Skibber en . Following were carri ages containing the widow and dat1ghte r, some clergymen, and rep resentatives of various public· bodi es . Imme d iately follow ing these came Irish Vol unteers with arms reversed; the National Volunteers, who were allotted a po ·ition about the middle of the ·p rocession , did not carry any a rms. Contingents of Volunteers, as well as the representatives of the several t ra le societies and bran s:he~ of the G.A.A., I.'.\T .F ., etc. , were hc:irlerl by the ir own bands, 1Yho played the "Deacl i\fai·ch " when the signal for starting w:i s g i1·en, hut suhser1uently rnal"C'hing a irs were pLlyerl through the stree ts . The p rocession, 1w 1.rching four rleep at a s]ow pare , took a little

I

I

Saturday, August 7th, 19 i 5.

I"t15hLing whi ch appear in the papers from time Lo time .

"The first requirement of a defensiYe jJOsiti on should be concealment, and not a field of fin'! at long distances. Sacrifice the field of fire; as long as you get cover from view. . . .

Trenches are very effective if you get a field of fire of about zoo yards. " Such are the words

of Capt. Levey in a very instructi1·e little book , cnt itleJ "Five In structional Lectures to Rcgirncntal Officers on the ·western Campaign," which can be recommended to Vol unteer Officers. In another passage Capt. Le vey says : "At the beginning of this campaign, from a tactical l~oint of view, we always advocated a field of fire being the first consideration for a fire trench . A field of fire is longer tlte first consideration. is more important."

110

Concealment

This is of particplar interest in Ireland, whe re it would never have been possible to o!Jtain the extended field of fire laid down in form er text-books. It is also of interest for the further reason that it does away with the need for great range in the fire-arms of the in fantry engaged. There is no fire-arm that will not kill a man 100 yards away , if only he is hit.

T he· upshot of the whole matter is .t hat a force of men with fire-arms well ltidde~ behind a f euce, wit It a le·uel field .of ordinary size in fro11!, is formidably posted . In Ireland Lhese co~1 ditions co_uld be rep._ro~uce? ti1:1es without number.

Jn the matter of concealmen t hedges are of the very hi ghest value . Tr oops lying close n11der !tcdges are invisible to any scoutingc1·cn well-handled aeroplanes. All th at is needed to prepare a hedge is to thin out the gro wth between the stumps of Lhe bushes, aud ;1 lso such branches as p revent the men workin g i11 !use unde r the hedge. The bank ·on which hedges usually stanJ can be strcng Lbencd, ]f necessary, by cutting down to a required thicknc s, by building up with extra earth, or l>y backing with stones . The greatest care should ;1lw;lys b taken to inake no changes in the q,p . pcarance of tlte ltedge on tlte en emy's side.

We will suppose, then, that the fi.r.i11g line of the Vol unteer force is posted some what as de" scribed . All that remains for it to do is to open a sudden and well-directed fire when the . attacking enemy comes into sight. It will fre· quentl.y be possible to overwhelm him in this way ivithout further trouble . The one essential fac tor is that the men keep their .guns flat and take steady aim : if they do this, every shot hould tell, and. the assault must fa il.

7 evidently, are the men Lo fo rm the supports .

They are posted within easy rush ing distancesay 50 yards or less : they are fresh, and h a.ve the advantage of surprise in their attacK. i u such a case their action should be instantly and speedily effecti\·e. Al I that is needed is proper fores ight in deciding on the direction of the attack. i t should always be deLivered ag ainst a fta nli if possible .

This will often be decided by the fol lowing circumstance. F requeut ly in a combat of this nature the assai lant \rill expose a flank: 1n fact, for every separate field lte advances across lte exposes two flanks-a nd he is powerless to avoid this . H edges and ~ences running parallel to the direction of the advance · and perpendicular to the I ine of the defender's position inevitably split up his front into fragments . Consequently it will often ·be possible to select the point of counter-attack well ahead and take suitable meas ures for the disposal of the supports according] y.

It will form a very instructise exerc i.se fo r lhc com manders of Vol unteer corps lo ca rry out a defence on lines like those in dicated- the Half the attacking force being imaginary. corps with rifles form the firing-line, and the other -half with pikes the supports . The point is that if proper use is 'made of the enclosed nat ure of the country a force half armed with pikes can be considered as fully armed . At all events, that is th~ experience of the French <U1d German armies.

JOHN DALY'S BAKERIES,

26 William . Street AND

Sarsfield Street, LIMERICK. All Classes of FEEDING STUFFS Stocked.

BARGAINS. Leat her Ammu niti on Pouches, second·h and, 9d.

Web Rifle Slings, 1/-.

Green Bugle Co rds, l/\J. ·2:.l Sho rt Rifle Ammunition, 11/- per 1,000. ·22 Long Rifle Ammun ition, 14/-: per i;ooo.

Anny Water-Bottles - good , 1/6; very good, 2/-; ex tra, 2/6.

Sailors' Canvas Legg ings, 1/6, post paid.

Savage 20 Shot, ·22 Re peating Rifle , 30/-.

Stevens' ·22 15 Shot Repeater, 37/6.

Repairs lo any make of Gun, Rifle, or l\e vulvc r.

PROMPT ATTENTION .

LOWEST CHARGES·.

l\idiug Breeches, Khaki Se rge, 6/6. Bedford Cord, 4/lj ..

Military Sicle·drum, second·hand, 2"2/6. .Full -sile Bugle, 2 1/-. ·22 l Iamiltpn Rifles, 10/-; Stevens' ·22 Marksman, 20/We 1horoughly recomm end Stevens' ·22 Favou ri te RiAe at 25/- <i.nd 30/- as a very good T arget lWle, up tu at least 100 yards.

DEAL WITH AN IRISH FIRM,

JOHN LAWLER. & SON, 2 Fownes' Street, Dame Street,

DUBLIN. Irish Volunteers should support

MR. D. MCCULLOUCH begs to intimate to bis friends and customers that bminess is -proceed ing as us ual , that all orders for .

PIANOS, Pl PES,

Ulster's Leading Nationalist Bookseller and Newsagent,

Castle Street and Chapel Lane, BELFAST.

... . .

Everyone should read " The J ail Journal, " " New lreland," " Speeches from the Dock," 1/- each; by post, l/~.

MUSIC and TUNINGS

shall have the sam e careful antl prompt attention• as forme rly.

D. M°CULLOUQH 8

JAMES LENNON

All National Publications S tocked. l'rayer Books and Objects of Devotion at lowest · prices.

VISITORS TO BELFAST SHOULD INSPECT OUR STOCK,

HOWARD STREET,

BELFAST.

Groups! Groups ! Groups!

Telephone 3831.

KEOGH BROS., Ltd.,

I

C0Lc.1r ce t>r1 s ue, Ome1t _ (Fc. r c1lir t c. eom m c.c 11 e1 LL).

I

.Lower Dorset Street, Dublin.

Phone 2902.

Miss E. MacHugh,

SECOND SESSION :

"63 " Talbot Street, DUBLIN. PIKEMEN FOR THE COUNTER-ATTACK.

Th re remains to be considered the question of support. . It may happen that the fire of the firing-l ine is not by itself sufficient to .repel the attack, and that a coun ter-attack may prove necessary. For this, the de·pendence must be upon the supports , who should be held in a distinct body. Exper ience in Flanders has proYed that the best method of action by the supports is as follows : - They are posted as near the firing-line as circumstances allow, and when aqvancing do not fire at all, but rely on tlte bayonet.

'

This again is a point of spec!a! interest to the Volunteers. From the nature of the case it has bee n fo und adv isable to.arm a certain proport ion of Lhe men with pikes; and these,

Monday, 2nd August.

Saturday, 11th September.

Lucania.

Pierce. Swift.

Rudge. B.S.A. New Bicycles.

Cash.

Easy Payments.

R epairs. Accessories. Second-hand Bicycles from 15/-. Prams. and Gramophones Repaired.

Come to the· Oireachtas County and the College for the L~inster Gaels.

LUCANIA GYOLES ARE MlDE IN IRELAND.

Write for the ill ustrated prospectus to

pec.·oc.r 6 'Outroc., O meath, Newry.

I'

Best Terms (Cash Only ) .from

Dotim.o.tt u.o.

I m u15

IRISH VOLUNTEERS. TREASON !

F Company.

IV. Battalion.

Draw 'for Suit Length Postponed till August 9th, 1915.

T! olil ers of Blocks and Cash please rctnrn same as soon · as possible._

LOUGBLIN'S

bu.o.c.o.u~,

11u c."6~"0.

I t is treason for Irislm1"c' to buy the F oreign ~Article and neglect I rish Industries. ·

nnse

OUTFITTING

is better than the Foreign Shirts, Hosiery, Gloves, Braces, Hats, Caps, Boots, etc., etc.

ALL I RISH. FAIR PRICES.

IRISH OUT FITTING HEADQUARTERS..

19 Parliament Street, DUBLIN. ·

I

THE iRISH VOLUNTEEA.

FO~GET

DON'T

I

-.

L'.A:R. KlN'S ._

GAELS- 'Nhete to get .your News, Stationery,tOigarettes, General · · · Fancy Goods, • et~.; ,etc. - · -

o-Faola-in;

"· ' LITTL~ - SHOP

~

l±

IR~SH COOD~ A SPEC~~llTY.

XFOR.D .STR.EET, •' 1

~-

.

•

.

•

~

:~

"-

•

·

..

l

1._ M'QUILLAN ' t.

- .. . . . .

35/36 CAPEL ST., .

DUBLIN.

If you want' DRY FEET and PERFECT FIT -

TRY -

LAHEEN,

8ootmaker,

115 Emmet .Road, Inchicore, 22 Stoneybatter and 23 Bishop Street.

REPAIRS Neatly Executed at MODERATE CHARGES .

J

J. WALSH, T.C., (oF CoRK), Vol~nteer

begs to intimate to his numerous

friends that he has opened a magmficent Tobacco, Chocolate, Sweets, and News Emporium in Dublin at the corner of Blessington and Berkeley Streets. Irish .goods a · speciality . · · · Cot.6.1rc e

e. ui tomr<.\1-0e, C"-'1'1'..115 .on

Col'.J.otc.015, 1915.

(Eu gene O'Curry College, Carrigaholt).

Second Session- Aug. 2nd to Aug. 28tb.

COU KS E,S-(a) Temporary Ce rtificate-(b) Full Ccrti · licate-(c) Special Advanced Course in Literatu re, Composition and Collection of Gaelic Traditional matter. llon. Sec.-Maire Bean ui Dh onnobhai n, 2 Querin Villas, Baile na Coradh, Luirnneach .

KING

S. C. ROAD, DUBLIN.

ST~EET, · CO~K.

1915.

" Everything that is not Irish must be Foreign."

GLEESON & CO:,

IRIS~N~~.oos

Irish Volunteer Tailors and Drapers, 11 UPPER O'CONNELL STREET, DUBLIN

Hopkins &· Hopkins'

pJ.vn-0.15 o c,o.'Ou. RlNO, DUNGARVAN, CO. WATERFORD.

VOLUNTEERS ! Send your COLLARS, SHIRTS, etc. , to THE NATIONAL · LAUNDRY,

CATALOGUES and QUOTATI ONS FREE.

and PRESSED

ct,u .J.r .Sinnre.&r.

'00

IRISH VOLUNTEERS 21 HENRY STREET. No Forei gn Foodstuffs.

TARG~:T

RIFLES

Ete.

I

Opposite O'CONNELL MONUMENT, DUBLIN. Telegrams: "' Meyther, Dublin."

Telephone: 3569.

CITY CLUB CIGARETTES.

10 for 3d.

TRY THEM.

P. CONWAY BL CO., TOBACCONISTS,

31 Exchequer Street and lOa Aungier Street

55/ ·G reener Martini Rifles .. .

22 cal.

27 / 6 St'even 's Favourite Rifl es 20 / Marksman Rifl es 16/ 6 Crackshot Rifles 13/ 6 ,, Little Scout Rifl es 20 / \Vinchester Single Shot Rifl es 27 / 6 Heavy Model 50 / Repeater Rifl1.,s 60 / · ,, Heavy Model 10/6 Hamilton Boys' Rifles 37/ 6 Britannia Air Rifl es 3/ Adaptors for 303 Rifl es ...

Targets, 22 ca l. Cart ridges , C lea ning Rous, and All Sundries.

REPAIRS A SPECIALITY.

Catalogues Free.

L. KEEGAN, Guo & Rifle Maker aad Ammunition Merchitnt 3 INN'S QUAY, DUBLIN. Telephone 2574l.

Irish Made Shirts, Caps, Poplin Ties, Collars, Hosiery, &c.

THE BEST VALUE FOR CASH IN LIMERICK.

Camping Equipment for Volunteers.

Volunteer Tents, 35/· each ..

Waterproof Ground Sheets for these, 12/6 each.

SUPP L IED O NLY TO VOLUNTE ERS.

· Ord era cannot be filled unless placed before the end of July .

.........,__..,

UNIFORMS CLEANED IN Two DAYS.

lean.om 5 0 -otut

ORIGINAL DESIGNS.

60 South William Street, DUBLIN. SUITS and

Specialities-Irish National Costumes and Irish Volunteer Uniforms.

We are prepared to ·Ca;ry out the suggestion of transforming dyed civilian suits into uniforms. Dye your su.it; and we'll do the rest at lowest cost.

IRISH FARM PRODUCE CAFE,

VERY SPEC!AL o.ttention is gi ven to conversation .

Beginners have a special t utor always with them.

PlWSPECTUS ON Al'PLICAT!ON TO

Irish Tweed and Serge Suits.

Support your own.

RING IS YOUR PLACE.

Second Session • Aug, 2nd to 23rd.

MERCHANT TAILORS, 5 ROSEMARY ST.~ BELFAST (First Floor)

BADGES FOR VOLUNTEER UNIFORMS, Etc. MEDALS FOR RIFLE SHOOTING in Gold and Silver.

Ring Irish College.

SPLENDID ACCOMMODATION.

Daniel M'Devitt & Co.,

Manufacturers of

If you want to learn Irishlf you want to get a thorough grip of the Language in the shortest pos~ible timelf you want a happy, healthy holiday

'.rEACHERS. Rliii; is the lJest place for '.reauhocs. Its teaching tucthods are renowned.

1

Monuments, Headstones, etc.

Established 1894.

1ot-Scot 1M. mum.6.n 1 Rrnn .6 5CtMn.6.c

TWINEM BROS.·,

Sculptort ·

.

I ~ can "'ive hcst value in lre::land in Razors. Try my Specia}"' 2/6 Razor.

Money refunde d if not satisfied.

O ld Razors Ground and Ser , 4·d .

Manufactured by

J.OHN A. O'.CONNELL,

~o~s!l~o~g!:~.~;t:~~~t

I\

VOLUNTEER-· :.S.AUCE.

.f eiephone. 222.

DUBLIN. .

'

Ask for

35 LOWER. DORSET STREET.

· Por· -8Jg , Value In Cbandlery, · : Tobaccos, cigarettes.. ~c.

Saturday, A ug ust 7th, 1915·

HEADQUARTERS, 2 DAWSON ST., DUBLIN.

_ _:__USE

pJ.vn,0.15

o

11-,o.ttmtm.,S,m,

Draper,

10 WILLIAM STREET, LIMERICK.

LAUGH AS 'USUAL. AND REAlJ

WAR HUMOUR and Other Atrocities, · ·-. :By W.ill E. Wagtail, Brian na Banban and Myles Malone.

'76 Pages of Genui.ne Racy Irish Humour-;--all with a -War :Flavour-Stones, Jokes, Skits, Songs, rncludmg-

"Green Cross Night Lights~" MADE IN IRELAND.

DRlNK Dry .6in~er Ale. KERNAN'S .

-

-

"Eight Millions of Englishmen," "When the Pigs begin to Fly," .

"A Naii in the Kaiser's Coffin," etc.

Post Free for 6d.

Whelan & -Son 17 UPPER ORMOND QUAY, DUBLIN. !printed for the P roprietors at the Northgate Printing vVorks, Belfast, and ptA>Hshed at the Volun tee~ Heauquarters, 2 Dawson Street, Dublin.