The SPHINX | Winter 1970 | Volume 56 | Number 4 197005604 by Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity

DECEMBER 1970 Vol. 56, No. 4

>A[pha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc.

Brother Ralph H. Metcalfe

ALPHA PHI ALPHA FRATERNITY, INC. National Headquarters / 4432 Dr. Martin Luther King Drive / Chicago, Illinois

ALPHA PHI ALPHA FRATERNITY, INC. DIRECTORY FOR 1970-1971 Jewel

Henry

A. Callis

2306

E Street,

N.E.,

Washington,

D.C.

1821 Orleans Avenue, New Orleans, La. 4676 West Outer Drive, Detroit, Michigan 1407 University Avenue, Marshall, Texas 1456 E. Adelaide, St. Louis, Missouri 4728 Drexel Boulevard, Chicago, Illinois 4432 Martin Luther King, Jr. Drive, Chicago, Illinois

70116 48235 75670 63107 60615 60653

Officers General President — Ernest N. Morial General Treasurer — Leven C. Weiss Comptroller — Isidor J . LaMothe, Jr General Counsel — Morris M. Hatchett Editor, " T h e S p h i n x " — J . Herbert King Executive Secretary — Laurence T. Young

Vice Presidents Eastern — W. Decker Clarke Midwestern — James R. Williams Southern — Bennie J . Harris Southwestern — Oell Sutton Western — Thadeaus H. Hobbs

66 Dry Hill Road, Norwalk, Connecticut 978 Dover Avenue, Akron, Ohio 602 Mooremont Terrace, Chattanooga, Tennessee 6513 Shirley Drive, Little Rock, Arkansas 3909 South Norton Avenue, Los Angeles, California

06851 44320 37411 72203 90008

Assistant Vice Presidents Eastern — David A. Wright Midwestern — Eugene Shelton Southern — Larry L. Earvin Southwestern — Delbert O. DeWitty Western — Fritzic Allen

Contributing Editors Malvin R. Goode, Martin L. Harvey, Eddie L. Madison, Frank L. Stanley, Sr., L. H. Stanton, Charles Wesley, Randolph White, O. Wilson Winters, Laurence T. Young. Editorial Advisory Committee Malvin R. Goode, Marshall Harris, John H. Johnson, Moss H. Kendrix, Belford V. Lawson, Samuel A. Madden, J. E. Martin, Lionel H. Newsom, Gus T. Ridgel.

30 Bay State Road, Boston, Massachusetts 214 Wright Hall, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 9 Maude Street, Chattanooga, Tennessee 640 Elm Street, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Okla. 613 Johnson Drive. Richmond, California

02215 44240 37403 73069 94806

Committee Chairmen Committee on Standards & Extension — Wayne C

Chandler

2913 N.E. 18th Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73111 Committee on Housing & Building Foundation William M. Alexander, 4272 Washington Blvd., St. Louis, Missouri 63108 Historical Commission — Charles H. Wesley 1824 Taylor Street, N.W., Washington, D C 20018 Committee on Publications — Moses General Miles Florida A & M University, Tallahassee, Florida 32307 Committee on Awards & Achievement — Arnold W. Wright, Sr 311 Cold Harbor Drive, Frankfort, Kentucky 30601 Committee on Rules and Credentials — Andrew J . Lewis, II 2861 Engle Road, N W., Atlanta, Georgia 30318 Director-Education Foundation — Thomas D. Pawley, III 1014 Lafayette Street, Jefferson City, Missouri 65101

REGIONAL DIRECTORS Eastern Region

NATIONAL COLLEGE EDITOR MICHEL V. BROWN Texas Southern University The Sphinx is the official magazine of the Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc., 4432 Dr. Martin Luther King Dr., Chicago, III., with editorial offices at 4728 Drexel Blvd., Chicago, III. 60615. Published four times a year: February, May, October and December. Address all editorial mail to 4728 Drexel Blvd., Chicago, III. 60615. Change of Address: Send both addresses to Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, 4432 Dr. Martin Luther King Drive, Chicago, III. Manuscripts or art submitted to The Sphinx should be accompanied by addressed envelopes and return postage. Editor assumes no responsibility for return of unsolicited manuscripts or art. Opinions expressed in columns and articles do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc., and use of any person's name in fiction, semi-fiction articles or humorous features is to be regarded as a coincidence and not as the responsibility of The Sphinx. It is never done knowingly. Copyright 1970 by The Sphinx, Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc. Reproduction or use, without written permission, of the editorial or pictorial content in any manner is prohibited.

New Jersey — Bro. Leon Sweeny Maryland — Bro. Charles P. Howard, Jr Connecticut — Bro. Otha N. Brown, Jr New York — Bro. Clarence Jacobs Pennsylvania — Bro. Frank E. Devine Virginia — Bro. Talmage Tabb Massachusetts — Bro. James Howard Rhode Island — Bro. Ralph Allen

6 Norman Drive, Neptune, New Jersey 3206 North Hilton Street, Baltimore, Md. 208 Flax Hill Road, Norwalk, Conn. 111-63 178th Place, St Albans, N.Y: 6202 Washington, Philadelphia, Pa. 324 Greenbriar Ave Hampton Va. 105 Greenwood St. Boston, Mass. 179 Doyle Ave., Providence, R.I.

M i d w e s t e r n Region Northern Indiana — Bro. William J . Bolden 3157 West 19th Avenue Gary Indiana Northwest Ohio — Bro. Robert Stubbleford 1340 West Woodruff, To edo, Ohio Northeastern Ohio — Bro. Curtis Washington 889 Hartford, Akron, Ohio Central Ohio — Bro. Oliver Sumlin 2427 Hoover Avenue, Dayton, Ohio West Missouri-Kansas — Bro. Jimmie L. Buford 2645 Lorkridge Avenue, Kansas Cuty, Mo. Eastern Missouri — Bro. Clifton Bailey 3338A Aubert Avenue. St Louis 15 Mo. Northern Michigan — Bro. W. Wilberforce Plummer... .654 Wealthy Street, N. E „ Grand Rapids, Mich. West Michigan — Bro. William Boards, Jr 680 W. Van Buren Street Battle Creek, Mich. Southern Michigan — Bro. Robert J . Chillison, II 16155 Normandy, Detroit, Michigan Southwest Ohio — Bro. Holloway Sells 699 N. Crescent Avenue, Cincinnati, Ohio Iowa — Bro. Everett A. Mays 701 Hull Avenue, Des Moines Iowa 50316 Southern Illinois — Bro. Harold Thomas 1731 Gaty Avenue, East St. Louis Illinois Kentucky - Bro. Waverly B. Johnson 1306 Cecil Avenue Louisville, Kentucky Wisconsin — Bro. Hoyt Harper Wis : •• 5344 N. 64th, Mi waukee Central Missouri — Bro. Nathaniel R. Goldston, III Lincoln University, Jefferson C i y Mo. 65 01 West Virginia - Bro. J . A. Shelton Post Office Box, 314 Welch, West Va. Southern Indiana — Bro. Theodore Randall 3810 Rockwood Avenue, Indianapolis Indiana Nebraska — Bro. Thomas A. Phillips 3116 North 16th Street, Omaha, Nebraska 68110 Oklahoma — B r o . Vernon L. Foshee Louuislana • - Bor. Chas. H. Finley Arkansas — B r o . T. E. Patterson T e x a s - B r o . Reby Cary Texas Bro. Victor Smith Arkansas Bro. M. L. Fridia Arkansas Bro. George Howard At-Large — Bro. Paul Smith

Southwestern Region 725 Terrace Blvd., Muskogee, Oklahoma .601 E. Main Street Lafayette La. 70501 1624 W. 21st St., Little Rock, Arkansas 180 t „ „ B . u n » < ; h e . P r " R . W t ?, r , t h ' T e x a s 2 0 0 1 „ ^ n * ? a m . f ' , A . T , a r l ^ 0 ' „Te.Xa„S •• J 2 ° ° P u ^ - Little Rock, Ark. •••• - 6 0 Watson Blvd., Pine Bluff Ark. Ark. A and M College, Pine Bluff, Ark. Southern Region

The Sphinx has been published continuously since 1914. Organizing Editor: Bro. Raymond W. Cannon. Organizing General President: Bro. Henry Lake Dickason.

Alabama — Bro. Kirkwood Balton Florida — Bro Dr. Robert L. Smith Georgia — Bro. Dr. Henry M. Collier, Jr Alabama — Bro. John H. Montgomery Mississippi — Bro. Terrel J . Ranee North C a r o l i n a — Bro. J . E. Burke South Carolina — Bro. W J . Davis, Jr Tennessee — Bro. Charles H. Tarpley

408 Tenth Court West, Birmingham, Ala. 431 Rosemary Ave., West Palm Beach, Fla. 1827 Mills B: Lane Ave:, Savannah, Ga: P. O. Box 243, Daphne, Alabama P. O. Box 732, Brookhaven, Mississippi 920 Hadley Road, Raleigh, N. Carolina 4509 Williamsburg Drive, Columbia, S:C: 1429 South Parkway, Memphis, Tenn.

Second class postage paid at Chicago, III. Postmaster: Send form 3579 and all correspondence, 4728 Drexel Blvd., Chicago. Illinois 60615.

W e s t e r n Region Northwest District Director — Bro. Clifford E. Donley Southwest District Director — Bro. Floyd Plymouth Central District Director — Bro. Clifford W. Basfield Southern District Director — Bro. Clyde C. Osborne

347 29th, 1940 Leona St., 2245 E. 11th 5467 Bradna,

Seattle, Washington Las Vegas, Nevada St., Stockton, Calif. Los Angeles, Calif.

Official

Organ

ALPHA PHI ALPHA FRATERNITY, INC. Valume 56

THERE GOES AN ALPHA MAN

There goes a man of noble caste Whom hardship cannot break There goes a man in merit clad Whom duty won't forsake There goes a man in cultured verse Who holds a sportsman's creed There goes a man too vigilant To bow to lust or greed There goes a man whose life is spent in service not in scorn There goes a man whose majesty Shines like a May time

There goes a man who is a friend To love and duty truth There goes a man to help uplift The lives of wholesome youth There goes a man with and faith

December 1970

J. HERBERT KING

There goes a man of high impulse Of princely mien and grace There goes a man of humble faith A credit to his race There goes a man of conscience vast with will to reach his goal There goes a man of lordly rank Of heroes' stock and soulâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;

industry

Number 4

his

command. There goes the best man in and out For he is an Alpha Man.

Editor-in-Chief 4728 DREXEL BOULEVARD CHICAGO,

ILLINOIS

60615

CONTENTS The General President Speaks

Brother Morial Sworn In As Judge

Gamma Chi Lambda Chapter

The Poet's Corner

Martin Luther King Scholar

Regional Conventions

Brother Lionel Hampton

From The Olympic To Congress

President Of Virginia Union

Tar Heel Of The Week

The Dawson Story

Dawson's Civil Rights Legislation

Savannah State College and Ted Wright

Memphis Alphas

Michel V. Brown Appointed College Editor

Morial Elected General President

Midwestern Outstanding Chapter

Frat Fun With Winters

Minority Groups/Power Structure

Omega Chapter

This Issue . . . . DEDICATED TO THE MEMORY OF THE LATE BROTHER WILLIAM LEVI DAWSON AND HIS PROTEGE CONGRESSMAN ELECT RALPH H. METCALFE Symbols of soul, noblemen of Alpha, courageous pacers of human dignity and freedom for Blacks.

In HallowedHalls by Herwald M. Price

THE GENERAL

PRESIDENT

It does not happen often, nor does it happen to nearly enough American teachers, but the privilege was mine, the Summer of 1970!

SPEAKS . . . General President Ernest N. Morial

I, Herwald M. Price, spent a productive period at Freedoms Foundation, at Valley Forge, Pennsylvania, first, as a member of the June Seminar, conducted by Samford University, of Birmingham, Alabama, on Preservation of the Principles of Freedom; and again, as guest scholar of the Foundation. Dr. Lee Allen and his colleague, Professor George V. Irons set a scholarly tone, in company with Kenneth L. Pyne, Gerald T. West, and the staff of Freedoms Foundation. How I treasure and remember the presentation of Dr. Walter H. Judd, and the hospitality of Dr. and Mrs. W. C "Tom" Sawyer and Dr. Marguerite Hasebroock. The program of study consisted of exploration in depth, of the tenets of our Democratic System of Representative Government, and our Free Enterprise Economic System, their origin and how they developed, and where they are tending. With equal vigor we explored the threats to our system â&#x20AC;&#x201D; foreign and domestic! Participants were teachers, at every level, from First Grade through Junior College, representing seventeen states.

Just for you especially this Christmas message brings a lot of special wishes for a lot of happy things, The joy of friends around you to share your

the

New Year. I am confident that your program will reflect the thoroughness and diligence that all of us in Alphadom have come to expect of you. Thanks for your support. 2

The rise of alien systems and their implications for continued enjoyment of "Our Way" of life: Can you imagine the inspiration to be realized: (1) From the President â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Dr. Kenneth D. Wells' discussions;

Christmas Cheer, Leaving only happy memories to brighten

Hear, as I heard: The well-informed voices of learned men, recount the virtues and possibilities of our "Dynamic Society"; its strengths, prospects, weaknesses and correctives for our shortcomings.

(2) On the camp grounds, in the valley, in the shadow of the George Washington statue; (3) Witnessing the variety of greens, and the sparkle of fireflys at eventide; or, the military band concerts; (Continued on page 40)

Florida Atlantic University College

New Orleans, La.

of Education

BROTHER MORIAL SWORN I N AS JUDGE Brother Ernest N. Morial, General President of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity was sworn in as judge of Section A, Orleans Parish Juvenile Court, in an induction ceremony conducted by the New Orleans Bar Association in the Civil District Court Building. Criminal Court Judge Israel M. Augustine, Jr., administered the oath of office to Brother Morial, who was appointed to the Juvenile Court judicial post in July by Governor John J. McKeithen, upon the resignation of Judge James C. Gulotta, who left the Juvenile Court for a seat on the Louisiana Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals. Mayor Moon Landrieu presented Brother Morial's commission in the ceremony conducted before the judges of Juvenile Court sitting en banc, with Senior Juvenile Court Judge Leo B. Blessing presiding. Dr. Norman C. Francis, president of Xavier University, where Brother Morial received his undergraduate degree, presented the new Juvenile Court Judge to the court, describing him as possessing "a lifetime of preparation for the wisdom, and judicial temperament that this court must demand and expect." Outlining the history of Judge Morial, Dr. Francis said: "He sought to serve the ends of justice by defending those who could not defend themselves, at a time when such defense was most unpopular." The Xavier University president referred to the late 1950's and early 1960's when Judge Morial served as a cooperating attorney with both the NAACP Legal Defense and Education Fund and the local chapter of the NAACP. "He fought for equal rights by handling many suits which resulted in the elimination of segregation policies," Dr. Francis said. Judge Morial's wife, Sybil Haydel Morial, was the successful plaintiff in a suit challenging the Louisiana law which prohibited teachers from holding membership in organizations advocating integration in the classroom. Other legal action handled by Judge Morial brought about the end of racial discrimination policies at Delgado Trade School, New Orleans Municipal Auditorium and area colleges, including LSUNO, Southwestern and Southeastern.

Two Alphas have joined Florida Atlantic University's College of Education, it is announced this week by Dr. Kenneth R. Williams, president.

f"*.

tfK5T

am%

New to the department of curriculum and instruction is Brother Clifford Bridges, Jr. Brother Bridges is a native of West Palm Beach and is a graduate of Florida A & M. A physical education and health instructor, Brother Bridges was formerly resource specialist in physical education for the Pine Grove Elementary School in Delray Beach.

/ '

n1 . vJA

Brother Ernest N. Morial

The 41-year-oid judge was a member of the Louisiana House of Representatives at the time of his appointment to Juvenile Court, representing Wards One and Two. He was the only Negro to serve in the state legislature during this century and is the only Black Democrat ever elected to the Louisiana legislature. With the Juvenile Court he breaks another racial barrier, becoming the first Negro to serve as a judge in the court. A New Orleans native, Judge Morial received his early education in the city's public and parochial schools. Following his graduation from Xavier in 1951, he attended the Louisiana State University Law School, becoming the first Black LSU law graduate in 1954. Foilowing two years of service with the U.S. Army Intelligence Corps, serving as a liaison with the CIA, the new Juvenile Court judge returned to New Orleans and established a law practice in association with A. P. Tureaud, dean of Negro lawyers in Louisiana. The political career of Judge Morial started in 1959 when he ran for the Louisiana Democratic State Central Committee. Although, in a field of 27 candidates, he reached the second primary run-off, he was not elected to the committee. In 1965 he was named an Assistant U. S. Attorney for Louisiana, the first such Black appointment for the state. He was a delegate to the Democratic National Convention in 1968. Joining a field of seven candidates, in 1969, State Representative Morial sought

Newly appointed to the department of theatre and speech is Dr. Thurman W. Stanback, professor. Brother Stanback holds degrees from Virginia Union, Columbia and Cornell Universities. A native of Washington, D.C., he has taught at Bethune-Cookman College since 1953, and before that at Stoner College. Dr. Stanback has been selected Teacher of the Year in 1957, 1959 and in 1967. He is a member of the American Theatre Association, Speech Association of America and the National Association of Speech and Dramatic Arts.

election to the Council-at-Large post for the City of New Orleans, losing the contest by less than four percent of the total votes cast in the second primary. In the state legislature, Judge Morial was active in constitutional revision, reform in welfare laws, consumer credit protection and voter registration, advocating the lowering of the voting age to 18. Others participating in the inducting ceremony Monday included H. Martin Hunley, president New Orleans Bar Association; Freddie B. Warren, Jr., president, Louis A. Martinet, Legal Society; the Rev. A. L. Davis, Jr., president New Orleans Interdenominational Ministerial Alliance; Robert G. Polack, president, Louisiana State Bar Association; J. Philip Stein, vice president, Criminal Courts Bar Association; the Most Rev. Harold R. Perry, auxiliary bishop of New Orleans; A. P. Tureaud; and Marc and Jacques Morial, sons of Judge Morial.

m FRANCISCO General Convention CitÂť for 1974

Brother Flynn Appointed to Public Utilities Commission

GAMMA CHI LAMBDA CHAPTER ROSTER OF OFFICERS

FLYNN SWORN IN AT CEREMONY Amidst dignitaries of the city, friends and relatives, Brother H. Welton Flynn partner in a San Francisco accounting firm, was sworn in by Presiding Judge Carl H. Allen of Superior Court as a member of the city's Public Utilities Commission Tuesday morning in the office of Mayor Joseph L. Alioto.

President Thaddeus Brown 215 Argonaut Avenue San Francisco, California 94134 Vice President Thomas Smith 1282 Balboa Way Livermore, California 94550

The mayor's appointment of Brother Flynn is precedent-setting. He is the first Black named to the powerful five-member commission since it was established in 1932. Brother Flynn will complete the unexpired term of Wallace R. Lynn who was inducted last week as a member of the new Airports Commission.

Recording Secretary M. Howard Edwards 621 So. 49th Street Richmond, California 94804 Corresponding Secretary

"Brother Flynn, who has an admirable background in community affairs, also brings some detailed experience in utilities affairs into his new city service," Alioto stated.

James Harris 4411 Cutting Boulevard Richmond, California 94804 Treasurer H. Welton Flynn 76 Venus Street San Francisco, California

Brother H. Welton Flynn 94124

Associate Editor of the SPHINX Myron Johnson 1280 Ellis Street San Francisco, California 94115 Chaplain William Hunter 226 Ramsell Street San Francisco, California 94132 Historian Grandvel Jackson 257 Kensington Way San Francisco, California 94127 Director of Educational Activities Alonzo Fields 2373 E. 27th Street Oakland, California 94602 Dean of Pledges Carlton A. A. Dias 5017 Fray Avenue Richmond, California 94804 Sergeant-at-Arms Sylvestre Lee 1376 12th Avenue San Francisco, California 94122 4

ROSTER OF COMMITTEES STANDING Budget: H. Welton Flynn (Chairman) Grandvel Jackson W. C. Nixon, M.D. Auditing: M. Howard Edwards (Chairman) Howard Grant Howard Clay Membership and Reclamation: Carlton A. A. Dias (Chairman) Thomas Smith Lendwood Hanel SPECIAL Social: Myron Johnson (Chairman) Grandvel Jackson William Hunter Alonzo Fields Undergraduate Activities: Grandvel Jackson (Co-Chairman) Howard Clay (Co-Chairman) General Convention Arrangements: H. Welton Flynn (Co-Chairman) W. C. Nixon (Co-Chairman) Myron Johnson Grandvel Jackson Carlton A. A. Dias

"For the last two years, he has served as vice president of the highly successful San Francisco Municipal Railway Improvement Corp., the nonprofit organization created to finance the complete renewal of the municipal railway fleet." Brother Flynn is a member of the board of directors of Opportunity Through Ownership, an organization created by the city's seven major banks to assist minority businessmen The banksponsored group has made $1.5 million in loans available to minority businesses. The new commissioner and his wife, Juanita, have two sons, both students at St. Ignatius High School. Cedric, 16, a senior, is student-body vice president; Gerald, 15, is a sophomore. Their father is vice president of the St. Ignatius Fathers' Club. Brother Flynn is also a member of the San Francisco Committee on Crime, treasurer of the Archdiocesan Council of Catholic Men and member of the National Association of Public Accountants. Born in South Carolina, he obtained his bachelor's degree in commercial science at Golden Gate College. He served in the Army from 1942 to 1946 and was discharged as a master sergeant in administration.

Impression of Philly

POET'S CORNER A CALL TO CONSCIENCE After carrying your cross of bondage through four centuries of genocide by grinning, bearing,

HARD AND UNFAIR

& shuffling along Has not the time come to bear this load no longer but enter your promised land by blood or love to lay your burden down. When the Veil is Removed Behind every simple, smiling, happy go lucky, NEGRO is a proud and angry BLACK MAN. And he will not be bought off with stale promises and blood drenched dollars so that once more this land will have racial peace.

I, was not born a slave nor toiled in cotton fields america why am i not free? II They put us so far behind that now liberal whites with sand in their eyes call it a head start to where if you've got no where to go. IH When at last a corrupted congress cuts off welfare what then will poorblack folk do? The Daydream and Nightmare that was Integration Bittersweet memories today of yesterday's status quo what could have been then no chance of being today now that the purpose behind the vision is dead. The dream that was america inspires few songs of joy and the needed togetherness that could have been whithers under the light of black awareness and Purposed !

by Hodari Kinamo I've been here before As a child Looking ragged As the old buildings Exuding dust From their pores As blood From a wounded man But life Hangs on as a snail Clinging and slittering Along some aquarian glass Pushed only by The surge to survive The air Hangs heavy here Like my Father's hand Placed suddenly 1 On my shoulder And me guilty, Yet, denying All that he knows Is true Sweat beads Bubbles from my forehead And drips down From my armpits As I brace myself For the coming blow Black fist Looms a-raking blow And fire shoots Across my mind Quickly dissipating In the ash Of disappointment TV drama Portraying â&#x20AC;&#x201D; A war In the ghettos Black against Black And the man-waiting Patiently to squash The winner Hodari Kinamo Associate Editor to the Sphinx Beta Psi Lambda Los Angeles, California 5

Brother Donegan Appointed Law Prof.

Brother Bradford Elected

Ohio Mayor, Brother McGee

Martin Luther King Scholar at Eastern Illinois University

on NBC-TV New York

Brother Charles E. Donegan

Brother Charles E. Donegan, was recently appointed to the position of Assistant Professor of Law at the State University of New York at Buffalo School of Law. Brother Donegan was previously employed as an Assistant Counsel for the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund Inc.; Staff Counsel for Floyd B. McKissick Enterprises Inc. and engaged in the private practice of law in New York City. He has also held positions as Labor Economist, U.S. Department of Labor, Washington, D. C , 19621965; Internal Revenue Officer, Internal Revenue Service, Chicago, Illinois 1959 to 1962 and Elementary and High School Teacher, Chicago, Illinois, 1956 to 1959. Brother Donegan earned a Bachelor's degree in Business Administration from Roosevelt University, Chicago, Illinois in 1954; Master's degree in Social and Industrial Relations from Loyola University, Chicago, Illinois in 1959; Juris Doctor degree from Howard University School of Law in 1967 and a Master of Laws degree in Urban Law from Columbia University School of Law in June of 1970. He is a member of the New York and Washington, D. C. bars; Board of Organizers of the National Conference of Black Lawyers, Inc.; American Bar Association; Association of the Bar of the City of New York; Harlem Lawyers Association; Bronx County Bar Associa6

Brother James H. McGee Brother Curley C. Bradford

Brother Curley C. Bradford has been chosen by the Eastern Illinois University of The Association of University Professors as the recipient of it's first Martin Luther King Scholarship award. The award was presented to Brother Bradford at the June Commencement, and is to be presented annually to the junior or senior student, who has maintained a high scholastic average, and who most exemplifies the ideals of the late Dr. King. The award consists of an engraved plaque and a cash stipend. Brother Bradford, a native of Urbana Illinois, was initiated into Tau Chapter; is a charter member of Theta Nu Chapter, of which he has served as president; and is active in the Black Greek Council and the Afro-American Association. Currently Brother Bradford is working toward a Masters Degree in Health and Recreation at Eastern Illinois University and is Resident Director of the Campus Black Cultural Center.

tion, and New York City Chapter of the Howard University Alumni Association. He was born in Chicago, Illinois on April 10, 1933. His wife, the former Patty L. Harris of Chicago, Illinois is an elementary school teacher.

Brother James H. McGee, Mayor of Dayton, Ohio, appeared on "Positively Black," Saturday, November 28, at 5:00 P.M., on Channel 4, New York, N.Y. Brother McGee, a long-time Dayton attorney and civil rights' advocate, played an important part in bringing about peaceful integration to places of public accommodation in the city of Dayton during post World War II years. He has been actively involved in Ohio civil rights since that time and has volunteered many hours to that cause. An alumnus of Wilberforce University in Ohio, and The Ohio State University Law School, Brother McGee is a former President of The Dayton chapter, NAACP, and a former Dayton City Commissioner. He is a member of the Ohio Bar, as well as the American and National Bar Association. The recipient of five battle stars during World War II, Brother McGee is married to the former Elizabeth McCracken, of St. Paul-Minneapolis, Minnesota; they are the parents of two children, Annette and Frances. Brother McGee's photograph appeared on the cover of the October issue of THE SPHINX.

Executive Assistant to the

Beta Lambda Presents Junior College Scholarships

President, Kent State University

Brother Jefferson H. Ware

Dr. David A. Ambler, a member of Kent State's administrative staff since 1966, took over his new duties as acting vice president for student affairs this week. He moved into the position when Dr. Robert E. Matson left on September 15 to become president of a Maine College. Dr. Ambler came to Kent as assistant dean of men. He was named dean of men in November, 1966, associate dean of students in 1968 and assistant vice president for student affairs in 1969. A specialist in student personnel services, he received his baccalaureate, master's and doctoral degrees from Indiana University. Appointment of Dr. Ambler is one of five major administrative changes which have taken place since last spring. In August, vice president and provost Louis K. Harris announced his resignation to return to full-time teaching, effective October 1. A search for his successor is underway. In other actions: Dr. Jefferson H. Ware, a former administrative officer at Southern Illinois University, was named executive assistant to the president for committees and commissions â&#x20AC;&#x201D; a new position.

John F. Henson (left), vice principal of the Wyandotte high school, Kansas City, Kas., is shown presenting merit awards and scholarships to Bobby R. Matthews and Lawrence White Jr., on behalf of Beta Lambda chapter of the Alpha Phi Alpha fraternity, Matthews, son of Mrs. Adjwilla Matthews, 2130 N. 27th Street, Kansas City, Kas., is a 1970 graduate of Wyandotte high school and will enter the Kansas City, Kas., Junior college this fall. He plans to major in business education. Mr. White, the son of Mr. and Mrs. Lawrence White Sr., 3636 Topping, Kansas City, Mo., is a 1970 graduate of East school and will enter the Penn Valley Community college this fall. He will major in psychology. The Junior College scholarships are given by the Alphas to enable deserving black youths to pursue a higher education. The scholarships are given by the Alphas to enable deserving black youths to pursue a higher education. The scholarships will cover expenses and books for one year.

Zeta Lambda Celebrates Fifty Golden Years Nineteen hundred and seventy commemorates the fifieth anniversary of Newport News, Virginia's Zeta Lambda Chapter. Brothers paused at their newly obtained plateau not only to reflect upon past achievements, but rather to analyze and revamp the current program to successfully meet the challenge of the future. Originally established to accomodate and perpetuate the ideals of Alpha in the Tidewater Area. The Chapter has a most unique history. The Chapter members that met in the spring of 1920, represented approximately six different cities, since that time not only has Zeta Lambda enjoyed fifty continued years of existence, but has played a major role in the

founding of successful graduate chapters in the six sister cities. Celebration activities were begun recently with the Golden Anniversary Banquet at Langley Air Force Base in honor of Zeta Lambda's two surving charter members; Brother G.W.C. Brown, Sr. and Brother S. F. Coppage. Other planned activities include a Black and Gold Ball, achievement day program for graduating senior boys and full chapter participation in the upcoming Eastern Regional Convention to be held in Norfolk, Virginia. Congnizant of the vacuum Alpha has fulfilled during the recent half century, we at Zeta Lambda anxiously await the evaluation of future endeavors in the year 2070. 7

1971 REGIONAL CONFERENCES EASTERN REGION: W. Decker Clarke, Vice President David A. Wright, Assistant

PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA May 7, 8, 9, 1971

MIDWESTERN REGION James R. Williams, Vice President Eugene Shelton, Assistant

CHICAGO, ILLINOIS April 16, 17, 18, 1971

SOUTHERN REGION Bennie J. Harris Vice President Larry L. Earvin, Assistant

MOBILE, ALABAMA April 2, 3, 4, 1971

SOUTHWESTERN REGION Ozell Sutton, Vice President Delbert O. DeWitty, Assistant

LITTLE ROCK, ARKANSAS April 9, 10, 11, 1971

WESTERN REGION Thadeaus H. Hobbs, Vice President Fritzic Allen, Assistant

SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF. April 2, 3, 4, 1971

Elected to Congtess

Brother Charles Rangel To Occupy Seat in Congress Formerly Held by Brother Adam Clayton Powell.

Brother Brown Appointed to State Commission, Albany, New York Albany's First Negro Dentist to be appointed to the Temporary State Commission on the Capital City by Mayor Erastus Corning 2nd. Mayor Erastus Corning 2nd announced that a special ceremony was held in the Mayor's Conference Room on Thursday, April 30th, 1970, at 10:30 A.M. at which time he officially appointed Brother William F. Brown, a practicing Dentist in the City of Albany since 1932 (38 years ago) to the Temporary State Commission on the Capital City. Dr. Brown has practiced in the South End since June 15, 1934 and will observe his 36th year on June 15, 1970. From 1932-1934 he practiced on second Street in Arbor Hill. Widley known throughout the city he holds the distinction of being the first of his race to practice dentistry in Albany and he was also the first President of the Albany Branch of the N.A.A.C.P. More than 100 friends and associates was on hand to congratulate him and a luncheon was held in his honor at the DeWitt Clinton Hotel after the ceremony.

Mayor Erastus Corning 2nd is shown congratulating Dr. William F. Brown, as Mrs. William F. Brown gives her smiling approval.

Alpha Zeta Lambda Highlight of 1970

TOUGALOO COLLEGE GAMMA UPSILON -

Among the several activities of Zeta Beta Lambda Chapter of Sacramento, California during the year 1970, was the outstanding support accorded Dr. Wilson C. Riles in his campaign for election to the office of State Superintendent of Public Instruction. Under the leadership of our Past President, Dr. Kenneth Ponder, our chapter took the initial step to support Dr. Riles when he first announced his candidacy for the statewide office in Feb. of this year. When planning our Annual Brunch for 1 March 1970, we invited the newly announced candidate to be our guest speaker. His acceptance resulted in his appearance not only before over 500 civic minded people, but also provided an opportunity to present himself to the general public over one of the local television stations.

PICTURED LEFT TO RIGHT: Bro. Alfred McNair, Jr., Vice-Pres.; Miss Gwen Hurd, 1st alternative Miss Alpha Phi Alpha; Miss Diane Parker, Miss Alpha Phi Alpha; Miss Johnnie Jackson, Sphinx Sweetheart; and Bro. Tophas Anderson, President.

"The Brothers of Gamma Upsilon Chapter, Tougaloo College, held recently its annual Miss APA Coronation Ball. The climax of the night was the crowning of Miss Dianne Parker, Miss APA of the chapter, and Miss Gwenolyn Hurd, 1st alternate to Miss APA, by Bro. Henry Briggs, Chapter Adviser. Miss Parker and Miss Hurd were escorted by Bro. Tophas Anderson and Bro Alfred McNair, Jr. President and Vice President respectively. Currently brothers of the chapter are in the process of raising funds to pur-

chase an ambulance for the College. The goal for the project is half-way met and the deadline has been set for Dec. 12, 1970. This project is headed by Bro. Howard Glenn. Also a tutorial program is being held off-campus for Jr-Sr High School Students in the area of the chapter. We have found a serious need for such a project and the outcome has been quite successful. by Bro. Roy L. Irons Chapter Ed-to-Sphinx

As the Primary Campaign got under way, Zeta Beta Lambda became involved in voter registration activity with several Brothers serving as Deputy Registrars. In the meantime, Brother Dr. Carl Drake was called upon to serve as County Co-Chairman of the Riles Campaign Committee. He devoted his time, skills and energy primarily to the fundraising activity. Over in San Joaquin County, our faithful Brother, Clifford Basfield sparked enthusiasm among the voters of his home county. In addition to the physical and organizational support, this chapter made a significant financial donation â&#x20AC;&#x201D; both on an organizational and on an individual basis. It is indeed gratifying to the Brothers of Zeta Beta Lambda to have played a part in electing the first Black Man to a statewide in the state of California. Submitted by Bro. Augustin Fairfax at the request of Officers and Members of Zeta Beta Chapter 9

Brother J. C. Hunter Elected

Brother Lionel Hampton Assumes Professorship

to British Medical Society

at Dillard and Xavier Universities

Veteran jazzman, Brother Lionel Hampton, has become an adjunct professor of music at Dillard and Xavier Universities, both in New Orleans, the birthplace of jazz. Brother Hampton will be putting the spotlight on the distinctive culture contributions made by the black community in the creation of jazz. His courses are due to start the next school year.

Brother John C. Hunter J _____ -1 IIL'^B-"-J'k,' ' '** -S. J'.UUUWaBE"; Brother John C. Hunter, assistant director for Planning and Evaluation (Biological Sciences) in the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development has been elected an Affiliate Member of the Royal Society of Medicine in London, England. This organization, is a world-wide society for the cultivation and promotion of medicine and connected branches of science. i

Brother Lionel Hampton

A FESTIVE OCCASION

A native of the Nation's capital, Brother Hunter attended the Armstrong High School and received the B.S. degree in Zoology (cum laude) from Howard University in 1943. He subsequently completed a year's postgraduate work in Zoology and Education and was a graduate assistant in Zoology at Howard. Brother Hunter joined the Cancer Institute in 1949 as a medical biology technician in the Cytochemistry Section, Laboratory of Biochemistry. In 1951 he received the title of biologist in the same laboratory. In 1962 he was elevated to the rank of research biologist and three years later became a health scientist administrator (Biological Sciences) Extramural Programs when he joined the NICHD. He held this position for four years prior to being named assistant director for Planning and Evaluation. Brother Hunter is a member of the American Society for Cell Biology and the American Association for the Advancement of Science. 10

Pictured above are Brothers, their wives and friends, at the Annual Picnic of the Alpha Epsilon Lambda Chapter, at Utica Junior College, Utica, Mississippi.

The Ralph Metcalfe Story â&#x20AC;&#x201D;

FROM OLYMPIC TO CONGRESS runner for Black champions who are presently making records in the world. Brother Metcalfe set new records in his work with the USO As a member of the NCCS-USO national staff, his role was unique and effective. In World War II, Metcalfe entered as a Private and rose to 1st Lieutenant. He received the Legion of Merit Award. He was in charge of all troops, Black and white, in Camp Plauche, Louisiana. Brother Metcalfe returned to Chicago. He has experienced, observed and been involved in poverty, hardship and lack of opportunity. In his travels, he has been made aware of the need for champions to move out of the field and into the streets. Refusing job opportunities that would take him from the Black community, he joined the staff of Chicago Commission on Human Relations. Brother Ralph H. Metcalfe

Born into a humble family in Atlanta, Georgia, the Metcalfes came to Chicago when Ralph was seven years old. The father worked at the stock yard, the mother took in sewing because three children had to be fed. 35th and Calumet was the area The ghetto. Ralph, today, lives but a few blocks away. Children raised in slum areas are unusually aware of the rights of people, if only because they have been denied so many themselves. At an early period, this street-taught awareness became a part of Brother Metcalfe's personality. When Olympic fame and college degrees were attached to this knowledge, Metcalfe the leader developed. But, from Douglas School playground (33rd & Calumet) to athletic fields all over the world, Brother Metcalfe has played an unusual role; he was often considered as a father image to his fellow athletes . . . this was due to his serious attitude. Serious about people. Brother Ralph Metcalfe was the first outstanding Black track man to invade the South and share with Black students his training and experience. As coach at Xavier University in New Orleans, he developed dozens of outstanding athletes. His efforts in the south have been a fore-

As Director of the Civil Rights Division of Chicago's first Commission on Human Relations, Brother Metcalfe immediately moved into the sensitive areas of a vicious anti-Black city, and began to open new areas for our people. Appointed in 1949 as the first Black member of the Illinois Athletic Commission, popularly known as the Boxing Commission, Brother Metcalfe immediately began his campaign to upgrade Black people. Bill Doty had been allowed to referee at Black events, only Eddie Plicque to announce at Black events, Frank Young to act as time keeper at Black events, and Dr. Diggs to act as attending physician at Black events. In a very short period, Doty was refereeing in the Chicago Stadium, Plicque was announcing at the Stadium and Marigold Gardens on national television, Frank Young timekeeping for major money bouts, and Dr Diggs examining athletes all over the state. Bill Lloyd, local sports figure, was also in this group. This included many national championship bouts. Recognizing the deep need of young people to be involved, Brother Metcalfe created the Ralph Metcalfe Youth Organization in which more than 5,000 young men and women participated. While much of the emphasis was on body conditioning, civic and community instruction was involved.

Brother Ralph H. Metcalfe OCTOBER 1937

Celebrated Olympic star, who made a remarkable record as Athletic Director at Xavier University, New Orleans, La. His track team won recognition that past spring at Marquette University, Metcalfe's alma mater, in the high jump event. Before Head Start, Brother Metcalfe inaugurated an after-school studies program for remedial reading that set the pattern. This was proof that an aware and alter leader can develop programs before the red tape of government begins to loosen. As the first member of the South Side Boys' Club to become a member of its Board, he indicates the need for individual participation as fund raisers and advisers, as well as beneficiaries. In 1968 his militant defense of the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party for admission to the National Democratic Convention displays the power of an aware Black Delegate. Membership of the sensitive Riot Study Committee (known as the Austin Committee). Findings of this Committee and the aftermath of the riots in April, 1968, following the Dr. Martin Luther King assassination, have become an historic document in the annals of Chicago's history. The dramatic role that Brother Metcalfe played, together with Edwin "Bill" Berry, in bringing the Chicago Coalition back to the bargaining table has not been publicized Yet all who are involved (both labor and management and most (Continued on page 28) 11

Revitalization of

Alpha Phi Alpha by Hodari Kinamo Under the leadership of Brother Leon Hawkins, President of Beta Psi Lambda Chapter, Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity throughout all of Los Angeles County, has instituted a long-range program of revitalization. The revitalization program is a tri-chapter endeavor supported by Alpha Delta, Beta Psi Lambda, and the newest chapter in the Los Angeles area, Iota Zeta Lambda. On October 24, 1970, the organizing body for the tri-endeavor, headed by Brother Jesse Sterling, hosted an all day symposium at the Holiday Inn. Thirtysix Brothers participated in the open discussion by offering their ideas on how Alpha can be strengthened within its own ranks, while at the same time can become a steering force in the community. As a result of the Workshop, positive steps have been taken to bridge the gap of communication; strengthen community involvement; alleviate the pressing housing problem; fully implement the Alpha Out-Reach program; and reclaim as many of our Brothers as can be found in the Los Angeles area. High Points of the Day-Long Discussion Brother Samuel W. Davis of Beta Psi Lambda suggested that all three Chapters lend their efforts to the completion of what was once a Beta Psi Lambda Handbook, but in the future to become a Tri-Chapter effort. The Handbook will list the names, addresses, and phone numbers of all known Alphas in Los Angeles County. It will also contain the programs, meeting places and dates of meetings, of each of the Chapters. Brother Nick Manning of Iota Zeta Lambda put forth the suggestion that a Tri-Chapter liason Committee be organized. Their purpose would be to coordinate and parallel Chapter Programs throughout the area, and to exchange information relevant to each of the three Chapters. This suggestion met the overwhelming approval of the Symposium. The Tri-Chapter Liason Committee was appointed during the meeting of the Symposium. The meeting of the Committee will take place November 3, 1970. Housing as a topic was not overlooked. 12

THETA NU CHAPTER EASTERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY: Theta Nu, the 1969 undergraduate chapter of the year in the Midwestern Region .continues it program of academic achievement and community service. The brothers pictured are: Row 1, Robert Jackson, Shrome Polk, Willie White, Steve Roberts, Cary Hunter. Row 2 Clarence Mays, James LaBon, James Brooks, Ralph Pannell, Victor Wicks, Thomas Wilson, Curley Bradford, Row 3, Frank Bradford, Tyrone Collins, Julius Baldridge, Charles Scott, William Wooten, Marvin Shade, Steven Bollhorst, Thomas Lodge, John Seward. Not pictured: C. J. Whaley.

Iota Zeta Lambda named their representatives to the already existing Housing Foundation. It was resolved that through the combined efforts of all Chapters the problem of housing would move "out of the talking stage." The most far reaching ideas came from the Discussion of community in-

volvement. Brother Al Dixon, of Iota Zeta Lambda, proposed that a political action committee be formed in order that it might involve itself in a longrange political program affecting the community as a whole. (Continued on page 13)

ALPHAS WIN BIG... ... IN CHICAGO

Brothers Archibald Carey and Kenneth Wilson, both won judgeships in Chicago, flank the other winner, Brother Ralph Metcalfe.

Revitalization of Alpha Phi Alphas (Continued from page 12) Brother Clifford Webb, Beta Psi Lambda, suggested a free consulting clinic. Each Brother would offer his professional skills and background to those members of the community seeking information, guidance, or tutoring. The topic Community Involvement flowed into the Alpha Outreach program. Alpha Outreach was originally intended to be a separate topic. It was discovered that many of the Brothers were not fully acquainted with the program. Brother Jesse Sterling, a member of the National Education Committee, explained to the gathering the intents and purposes of the program. Each Chapter not already involved in a program, agreed to originate one suited to the Chapter's resources. Reclamation was discussed by Brother George Allen, Beta Psi Lambda, who heads this Committee. He pointed out that the Committee's goals were to re-

claim 100 Brothers by the Easter Week of 1971. He discussed the activities of the Committee, and informed those gathered of a gigantic "beer bust" planned for the first of the year. The event is to be prefaced by advertisements through-out the Country, beseeching all Alphas to come out and join in fellowship. The Brothers of Alpha Delta, Beta Psi Lambda, and Iota Zeta Lambda, are working diligently towards a successful Founder's Day Banquet which is two-fold in nature as follows: To reclaim as many Brothers as possible; and to generate even greater enthusiasm and cooperation between Alpha men throughout Los Angeles County as a means of benefitting Alpha Phi Alpha everywhere. Yours in the Brotherhood, Hodari Kinamo Associate Editor to the Sphinx Beta Psi Lambda Chapter Los Angeles, California

Dr. James Elected President of Virginia Union Brother Allix B. James, who began an unbroken association with Virginia Union University as a student 28 years ago, was elected president of the university by the board of trustees last Saturday. Brother James had been serving as acting president since the death January 17 of the sixth president of the predominantly black university, Brother Thomas H. Henderson. Brother James was elected vice president of the university in 1960, the same day that Brother Henderson was chosen president. The board of trustees coupled its promotional vote of confidence in Brother James with a sizable challenge for the new leader of the university which shares the financial pinch of most private institutions. The board authorized a committee of trustees to work with the school's administration to develp recommendations for the board on strategy to raise and allocate $15 million for capital outlay and program needs. "I'M HOPING to continue to make Virginia Union the kind of institution that will be real live influence in today's world," Brother James said. In an interview shortly after his election, the new president conceded that VU faced financial problems, but added that the school "has always been one of the outstanding predominantly black institutions in the country." "We face keen competition from white institutions raiding our faculty and recruiting black students. It means that Virginia Union has to become more competitive so these trends will not rob us of the place that we should hold in the world," he said The $15-million fund program, "if successful, would provide sufficient funds for our critical needs, such as increased faculty salaries, development of a creative program to meet the challenge of today's youth as they prepare to serve in the decade of the 1970s and to improve and increase the physical facilities to go along with the imaginative program that we plan to project," Brother James said. THE UNIVERSITY is operating on a deficit budget for the current fiscal year. The deficit resulted when the school had to dip into operating funds to pay bills for part of the $7-million capital 14

Brother Pawley Cited

Brother Thomas D. Pawley

Brother Allix B. James

outlay program which provided four major campus buildings. A combination of defaults on gifts pledged for the university's $1.5 million fund-raising drive in 1964-67 for the capital outlay program and increases in costs due to inflation caused the deficit of $400,000 to $500,000 for the current operating budget, he said. In another action yesterday the board of trustees adopted the largest operating budget in the history of the university. Brother James said it was in excess of $3 million. He said that the budget for the coming year, which he prepared, also projected a small deficit, but that it was prepared conservatively and he hopes "that it will be a balanced budget by the end of the year." Brother James, who was elected chairman of the City planning commission last year, received his bachelor's degree in 1944 and his bachelor of divinity degree in 1946 from Virginia Union He was awarded his master's of theology in 1949 and his doctorate in theology in 1967 from Union Theological Seminary here. He joined the Virginia Union faculty in 1947 as an instructor in Bible. In 1950 he was named director of student personnel services and a year later was chosen the first dean of students. He held that position until he was named dean of the school of theology in 1957,

Three Lincoln University professors, including Brother Thomas D. Pawley, (Ph.D.) have been chosen to appear in the 1970 edition of Outstanding Educators of America. Brother Thomas D. Pawley was selected from nominations made earlier this year. The Outstanding Educators of America is an annual program designed to recognize and honor those men and women who have distinguished themselves by exceptional service, achievements and leadership in education. Guidelines for selection of the outstanding educators included their talents in the classroom, contributions to research, administrative abilities and any civic and professional recognition previously received. a position he continued to hold after he was elected vice president in 1960. HIS 28-YEAR association with the school as student, teacher and now president has been interrupted for graduate study and frequent study trips abroad for various Baptist organizations. He is a past president of the Richmond Ministers Association. Currently, he holds a wide variety of religious, professional and civic positions and memberships, including president of the Council on Theological Education of the American Baptist Convention. He is married to the former Sue B. Nickens, also a graduate of Virginia Union and director of guidance at Graves Junior High School. They have two children, Alvan, a student at Union's school of theology, and Portia, a 10thgrader at John Marshall High School.

Gamma Chi Lambda

Elected President of

Brother Thomas E. Smith Lectures on

California Engineers

"Mechanisms/ Enzymes" at Eastern Universities By Brother Myron Johnson If the nature of a man's work can rub off on him, then Dr. Thomas E. Smith is living proof of it. As an enzymologist, he is primarily interested in the "mechanisms by which proteins of living organisms aid in effecting chemical reactions at body temperatures." The two key words in the study of the enzyme might be 'efficient' and 'active,' both of which aptly describe the amazing little protein catalyst which has fascinated bio-chemists in the labor for many an hour. These adjectives are just as suitable when applied to the man behind the microscope, Dr. Smith. For Brother Smith is that rare combination of dedicated scientist and humanist. Beyond his full-time duties as an enzymologist at Lawrence Radiation Lab in Liverpool, California, Dr. Smith has budgeted his time and energy so he could participate in a summer research program at LRL and to lecture on college campuses in the South. Though both programs differ in their scope and sponsorship, they are united in their goal: to expose minority students studying science, or to expose already trained science faculty teaching in schools with predominantly high proportions of student bodies to the latest developments and equipment in their fields. On a long-term basis, then, these directions should lead toward stepped-up minority training and hiring practices. "Which was quite obviously a byproduct of the summer research and study program at LRL," comments Dr. Smith. That program, sponsored by the Atomic Energy Commission, was stamped "highly successful." Of the fourteen participants, all but one were Ph.D's; three were women, eleven were black, three white." The impressive roster of the institute members had but one drawback. Each came from a small school, hampered by antiquated equipment. "We were able to provide them with modern equipment, to broaden their exposure to developments in the biochemical field in general. They enthusiastically responded to the stimulating atmosphere."

Brother Howard P. Grant

Brother Thomas E. Smith

As an example, Dr. Smith cites the case of an institute member who intends to apply for a private or federal grant on his home grounds, on the basis of the two months of research conducted at the Lawrence Radiation Lab. Equally important to Dr. Smith was the contribution the participating members made, in turn, to the LRL. "The three months of lectures and actual work in the labs offered us, the senior scientists, an opportunity to learn from these people who'd been teaching for a number of years. They helped the lab concretely. Each was engaged in significant research; each was arriving at some important answers." That willingness to share knowledge and experience with his peers is carried over into Dr. Smith's work with college students. In November, he was a guest lecturer in the Black Executive Exchange Week Program at the campuses of Xavier University in New Orleans, La. and Southern University in Baton Rouge, La. At the two schools, he talked about his favorite topic, the activity and mechanisms of the enzyme in the human body. The purpose of the lectures is to present the student body with some "on-the-job business know-how." Dr. Smith definitely qualifies as a recognized professional in the field of bio-chemistry.

Brother Howard P. Grant of Gamma Chi Lambda Chapter in San Francisco, California was recently elected president of the Golden Gate Chapter of the California Society of Professional Engineers. This is the first time in the history of the Golden Gate Chapter that a black man has been elected to this position. Being first, however, is nothing new for Brother Grant. He was the first black to graduate from the University of California in the field of civil engineering. He was the first black to join the San Francisco Chapters of the American Society of Civil Engineers and the California Society of Professional Engineers. Brother Grant has held the office of treasurer for three years and vice president for two years in the Golden Gate Chapter. Among other interests, the Chapter is now involved in "On the Job Training" for the underprivileged in the field of drafting and pre-engineering. A native of South Carolina, Dr. Smith is a doctoral graduate of George Washington University in Washington, D.C. He has been associated with the Lawrence Radiation Lab in California since 1965. Never one to be idle, he has authored or co-authored several papers and articles in his field of study. Right now, he's fast at work compiling a proposed graduate student program which LRL hopes "will become a reality in the near future." 15

North Carolina Alpha

Chosen...

THE TAR HEEL OF THE WEEK "Why I'm Involved: Bitter Personal Experience" Dr. Andrew A. Best of Greenville remembers a bitter experience during a snowstorm in December, 1953, in the northeastern part of the state. He was in the Army and looking for a place to begin a private medical practice when he was discharged. Near Kinston he came upon an overturned state patrol car. The officer was seriousy hurt, suffering from a fractured hip and about to smother. Best treated the patrolman, fashioned a stetcher to remove him from the wreckage and waited until an ambulance arrived. Muddy from working around the wreck, he drove into a service station down the road and asked if he could use the men's room. "Got no bathroom for niggers," was the reply. 7 Just Walked Out' "My first thought," said Best, "was to let him know that I got those hands dirty saving a white man's life, but 1 didn't. 1 just walked out and drove away." Later, Best received a letter from the state patrol commander, thanking him for his act of mercy. Said Best: "I guess that was one of the real reasons why I got involved in civil rights â&#x20AC;&#x201D; a bitter personal experience . . . Human rights should be over property rights." Best, who speaks in a determined but friendly manner and has a warm smile, says that "extremists on both sides have done harm. It's time for those calm of mind to sit down and take a look and do things because they're right. We need to get people in places of responsibility to defend what is right, not what is popular." "Education is becoming the battleground," says Best. "Busing is not new. It was all right when blacks were being bused past white schools But the picture has changed." He questions whether private schools, regardless of their purposes, can ever compete in education. There might be fewer problems within the schools at all levels, Best says, if "parents, both black and white, tried to teach their children the story of love. Too many kids now have chips on their shoulders, directly because of their parents' thinking. 16

Brother Andrew Best

"I have great faith in our youth. If we have determination to get the job done, then we can. I think the worst is over although there will be some setbacks." A Lenoir County native, Best grew up on a farm, one of four boys in a family of 11 children. Thinking back on those farm days, he says, "Pulling fodder was the hardest work I ever did. It was hot and rough." His interest in medicine and motivation was due to an old family doctor, Dr. Joseph Harrison of Kinston, who practiced for 53 years. "He was a dyedin-the-wool promoter of education," Best recalls. "I have seen him give kids a dime for bread and beans many times." 'It's Not Been Easy' "When people start talking about poverty, they can't tell me a thing," Best continued. "At A&T College I worked and I didn't have enough to pay my way. The first two years I didn't even spend one penny for a piece of candy. It's not been easy." After World War II military duty (he saw combat in Italy and was awarded the Purple Heart and Bronze Star), Best resumed his education and received his M. D. degree at Meharry Medical College in Nashville, Tenn. His decision to set up practice in Greenville was prompted by a desire "to get away from boyhood friends who might expect free medical service" and the urging of a friend, Nelson Hopkins.

"Nelson was very interested in getting a doctor in Greenville â&#x20AC;&#x201D; and I was very wrong in thinking I could escape from those who wanted free medical treatment," Best said with a grin. Inter-Racial Council Best has long been interested in improving relations between the races. He was a charter member of the Pitt InterRacial Council, formed in 1961, and was appointed to the State Good Neighbor Council in 1964 by then Gov. Terry Sanford Best was reappointed to the state group by Gov. Bob Scott and is chairman of a 26-county eastern-northeastern region. Currently, Best is promoting the observance of Nov. 2 through 8 as Human Relations Week. Area programs will be climaxed with a meeting at 3:30 p.m. Sunday, Nov. 8, in Wright Auditorium at East Carolina U. at which Brooks Hays, state chairman of the Good Neighbor Council, will be the main speaker. But Best's interest in race relations goes beyond serving on committees. In 1957, for example, Best developed a program of health education in Pitt County high schools aimed at illegitimacy, juvenile delinquency and general maladjustment. Best taught many of the classes himself until the work load became too great. The program reached thousands of young people, many of whom have gone on to college and become professional people in their own right. Later, Best founded and was the first president of the North Carolina Joint Council on Health and Citizenship, a state project modeled on the successful Pitt school venture. Recalling the early days of his school program, Best said, "Some laughed at us for including material about the dangers of drugs and alcohol. Now they see it is just as important as teaching about sex education, VD and mental health." As many as 400 students at a time took part in the voluntary night classes, held once a week for 14 weeks. At one time, Best was somewhere in the county giving a lecture every night and still keeping up with his practice. (Continued on page 26)

For Whom the Bell

Tolled...

NOVEMBER 9, 1970

BROTHER WILLIAM L DAWSON of THE UNITED STATES CONGRESS OMEGA CHAPTER Brother William L. Dawson, at 84 the oldest member of Congress, died in Veterans' Research Hospital. Because of illness, he had declined to run for renomination in 1970 to the House of Representatives, where he had represented the First District of Illinois since 1942. His place was taken by Alderman Ralph H. Metcalfe, like Dawson, a Democrat and member of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity. He had been chairman of the House Committee on Government Operations, the first black to hold the chairmanship. In that role he exercised restraint over the virtually unlimited investigating powers of the committee. He was chairman for most of the last 20 years. Brother Dawson once declined a chance to become the first black member of the cabinet; he turned down a proposal by President Kennedy to become postmaster general. Brother Dawson rose from boyhood in the backwoods of Albany, Georgia, to become one of the country's most influential politicians. A native of Albany, Georgia, he served as a lieutenant in the 65th infantry in World War I. He was a graduate of Fisk University, where he was a star athlete and Magna Cum Laude graduate. He later graduated from Kent School of Law and Northwestern University Law School. In the early days of his service in the House of Representatives, he was the only Black in Congress. According to his record, he frequently raised his voice in behalf of the millions of Black in America. He was a pioneer in Civil Rights; it was no particular movement at that time, thus he paved the way for the present day Civil Rights movement. Indication of his role in reference to Civil Rights is attached to his memorial. Brother Dawson was elected Vice President of Theta Chapter of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity on January 8, 1921. He served as an officer of the chapter until April 24, 1928, when he, along with six brothers of Theta Chapter established and received a chapter authorization and charter for Xi Lambda chapter, a graduate chapter in Chicago. After entering the political arena, he said: "I have little time to attend fraternity meetings, but I will devote my time to serving my people." Thus, he remained a member, tutor and counselor for Alpha men who sought his counsel and guidance. A total of more than fifty years of service to Alpha Phi Alpha and his brothers. Surviving are his wife, the former Nellie Brown of Washington, their son, William L., Jr. and a daughter, Mrs. Barbara Morgan. The son was with his father when he died in his sleep early Monday, November 9, 1970. Reverend Fred Wall, officiated. Mr. Wall was a former secretary of the congressman.

Brother

William Levi Dawson

Brother Metcalfe and his wife shared the sorrow with the family.

Brother Ralph H. Metcalfe, Congressman-elect (D.â&#x20AC;&#x201D;111.) "His passing is a great loss. He was great friend to me . . . America has lost a great and fearless leader. Brother Dawson was a pioneer in the quest for black peoples' freedom. It was a tragic loss of a great American, a fearless leader who worked to get people together. His monument was the way he conducted himself in an unselfish manner and the deeds he performed for the benefit of those he served. I am proud to be one of his protegees." 17

DAWSON OPENED DOOR BUCK POLITICIANS by Brother Louis Martin (Chicago Daily Defender)

U f W VA ^A^^^^k

The passing of the Georgia-born Congressman William Levi Dawson this week in Chicago marks the close of one of the most important and exciting chapters in the history of black men in America. The picture of him that sticks most significantly in my memory was the one I saw in the autumn of 1944 on the fifth floor of the swank Biltmore Hotel in New York City. It was in the campaign headquarters of the Democratic National Committee. From behind a huge, glass-topped desk in one of the big offices of the committee, Bill Dawson was discussing strategy for mobilizing the black vote across the nation for the last race, the fourth termfi of President Franklin Delano Roosevelt. At his right hand was Christine Davis, his trusted secretary who shared most of his political secrets and had become in her own right an authority on the black vote. The Illinois Congressman was the new vice chairman of the Democratic National Committee, the first black to hold that post, and was credited with pushing through the 1944 Democratic Convention a plank in the party platform which said: "We believe that racial and religious minorities have the right to live, develop and vote equally with all citizens and share the rights that are guaranteed by our Constitution. Congress shall exert its full constitutional power to protect these rights." It is difficult to describe for young blacks today the significance of that scene in the Hotel Biltmore. Dawson was making his debut as the first professional black politician who was considered important and powerful enough to influence the fortunes of a major political party in the United States. He was an elected black official and every sense a political professional. Dawson's power base was not limited to Chicago. Nevertheless, it was the Chicago Democratic organization, structured from the precinct on up, that gave him clout and power. To the hard-nosed professionals, a politician was measured by the number of votes he could count on. In the business of vote mobilization, Dawson had demonstrated his skill and won the respect of the pros. The tragedy of that period was that most blacks in the South were still disenfranchised and only a few nationally known black leaders in the North were sold on the political process as an instrument of power and progress. Dawson was a pioneer in political education, forever trying to involve promising blacks in politics and selling the masses on the importance of the political process. Possessed of oratorical skills, Dawson was in demand as a public speaker and in most of his speeches the import18

ance of the ballot was the central theme. He used to say 'the time has come for Negroes to stop getting mad and start getting smart." Also credited to him was the frequently quoted analogy that the difference between a huge pile of bricks in a brickyard and a great cathedral could be summed up in one word. That word was ORGANIZATION. In short, he argued eternally that blacks must register and vote and organize themselves in such a manner that would make their political power a force which those who control the nation must recognize and respect. He was working on black power in the political mainstream long before some of the young black power advocates of today were born. It was no accident that Congressman Dawson became the first black chairman of a powerful Congressional committee, the House Committee on Government Operations, and the strong right hand of the Democratic leadership in Congress and in the White House. His word was his bond, as the politicians, say, and he was convinced that team effort, rather than individual grand-standing, was the key to real political power. Whatever verdict history may render upon his labors as a politician, Congressman Dawson will always remain for me essentially an educator. He had a message a generation ago that blacks today are just beginning to take seriously. It is said that the dollar bill and the vote are two true instruments of power in our society. He took the view that blacks may not have many dollars but "we have a lot of warm bodies" who have the right to vote. It was people power. He insisted that we make the most of it.

Others Had Something to

Say...

Judge Edith Sampson "He had long range vision. His power to organize people and his knowledge that part of something was better than all of nothing. He opened doors for black women that were heretofore closed." Mr. John A. Sengstacke, Publisher of the Daily Defender and head of Sengstacke Newspapers "William L. Dawson was a true and great friend; he had a great soul. His life and work won him a place in American history which will stand for all time. I recall my struggle to gain control of the Chicago Daily Defender; Dawson personally spent an entire night to protect the building during my absence. He had loving faith, charity, and deep religious convictions." Rev. Corneal A. Davis, an Illinois State Representative "No one needed to speak for William L. Dawson, for he was eminently able to speak for himself," said the Rev. Mr. Davis, who drew a parallel between Congressman Dawson's life and the life of the Old Testament prophet Moses. Declaring that Congressman Dawson was "divinely inspired," the Rev. Mr. Davis labeled his friend "the black Moses of 25 million black people, who went down with the rod in his hand, crying, 'Let my people go'! "Congressman Dawson led the nation in voter registration, with the rod in his hand, and set the pace for our time."

Congressman Charles C. Diggs Eulogy to Brother William L. Dawson In his remarks on November 12, 1970, when he spoke at the funeral for Brother William L. Dawson, Mr. Diggs briefly covered the dead black political leader's career and his own describing the history of the times of the noted political leader. "Sixteen years ago, this tower of political strength and experience known as Bill Dawson came to Detroit at a critical point in the campaign of a young state senator who aspired to become the first black Congressman from Michigan; and from a district that was 65 percent shite. He renewed our confidence and quickened our steps on the road to victory. "As I stand her today, 16 yars and 12 black Congressmen later, I am reminded of the countless ways in which he has contributed to my own personal growth and enlightenment. "He has infused my blood with his quiet strength, his vision, his pragmatism and above all, his genuine devotion to improving life for the neglected. "The era covered by his singular service has witnessed some of the most significant developments in th ehistory of our people and Bill Dawson has been constructively identified with many of its highlights but not always with due credit. "The rise of black political consciousness in the north— the pioneering of black voter education in the south — the recognition of the political rights of women — the importance of forging alliances with other groups for the common good — the decolonization of our nation's capital — the desegregation of our armed forces — the acceptance of black political talent in appointive positions at all levels — the development of black independence financial responsibility in the political process. "These facts should be a source of pride and consolation to his grieving family and friends. "Only a tiny handful of men have influenced the implacable forces of our time. To this small circle of the truly great, Bill Dawson belongs. Consulted by presidents, and the respected confidant of other high-ranking officials villified by demagogues. "Resistant to discouragement and disillusionment, he demonstrates to our younger rebels that age and f;a,bpuamt stu;e are mpt mescessarily relevant in measuring the quality of leadership, that patience with persistence, discipline with determination, temperance with toughness, and humility with honor also can be useful revolutionary tools. "For these reasons and volumes more ,we pay homage to him today. Finally, however, this occasion serves more than the purpose of according "our chairman" the memorial tribute he has earned he has already 'been to the mountaintop.! "It serves a further purpose — to bequeath me his legacy as the new vice-chairman for minorities of the Democratic National Committee, to bequeath to his distinguished successor Ralph Metcalfe his legacy of service to the 1st Congressional District of Illinois and to bequeath to us all his fathomless capacity for integrity, dedication and faith in a system of government which, despite its acknowledged imperfections, still remains the standard of the world."

Brother Brother

Martin Luther Dawson.

King

discusses

his

problems

with

. . . Still Others Said Something Mayor Richard J. Daley, Chicago, Illinois "One of the most cogent and powerful of lawmakers." "It was his quiet persuasion, his strength of character and the unquestioning loyalty of his following, which was nation-wide, that made him a much-beloved and commanding figure." "Rep. Dawson was 'a great man' who had fought long and hard for black peoples everywhere." "We need his faith today." . . ."He had a faith in people and in the future that was unshakable. We have lost a great and valiant soldier, and I have lost a personal friend." Mayor Daley called Brother Dawson "A great positive leader for his people; a man of great faith and great strength." The mayor closed his remarks looking down at the congressman's closed bronze coffin and said "Bill, you were a great guy." Brother Sidney A. Jones, Judge of Circuit Court "A man who placed love over politics." "If he was for you, he'd do anything for you. And if he was against you, you'd know that, too. There won't be another like him in a long time." Rep. Chet Holificld, (D.—Calif.) "Congressman Dawson was the confidant and friend of presidents of the U.S.; he walked with kings, but never lost the common touch.' "Congressman Dawson was the first black man to chair a Congressional committee in over 100 years. He passed every test with high honors and earned his colleagues' respect and friendship. He was never heard to raise his voice in anger. He never spoke an unkind or vicious word about anyone else; nor did I ever hear anyone speak unkindly about him." 19

Congressional TRecord United States of America

P R O C E E D I N G S A N D D E B A T E S O F T H E OC>

CONGRESS, SECOND

SESSION

The Civil Rights Bill of 1958 REMARKS OF HON. WILLIAM L. DAWSON OF ILLINOIS In the House of Representatives Wednesday, July 16, 1958 Mr. DAWSON of Illinois. Mr. Speaker, our country is facing a mounting crisis of civil disorder and disregard of law that stems from the desperate efforts now being made to resist and evade the Supreme Court's antisegregation mandate. We cannot afford to sit still and let these hostile fulminations against the constitutional rights of American citizens explode into additional Little Rocks. The Government has an obligation to take affirmative action not only to assure that people can enjoy their constitutional rights, but also to help reduce the misunderstandings and tensions that underlie the efforts to deny them their rights. Responsible leadership at this time can help to prevent future disturbances and disorders. We cannot afford to continue just drifting along. It is for those reasons that I introduced H. R. 10928, 85th Congress, to provide the necessary legislation to deal with the momentous challenge now facing our Nation. I detailed my views on this bill, and other civil rights bills, in my recent testimony before the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives. Because of the importance of this vital Problem and in the hope that more and more people will gain a greater understanding of the issues, I request permission to extend my remarks by inserting at this point in the Record the transcript of my testimony on these bills before the House Judiciary Committee. Testimony by Congressman William L. Dawson of Illinois on June 27, 1958, Before the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives on H. R. 10928, 85th Congress, and Other CivilRights Bills. Mr. Chairman and members of the Committee on the Judiciary, I wish to thank you for your kind and courteous invitation asking that I present to you my views on the various civil-rights bills introduced in the House of Representatives and now pending before your committee. I have worked for many years to protect the civil rights of all persons in our Nation. I am convinced that the greatest single difference between democracy and totalitarianism is the way each system treats the individual. In these times of competition between liberty and dictatorship, there are few problems more vital than that of insuring equal justice under law to all per-

sons as individual human beings, without regard to their skin color or their religion or their ancestry or their language or their place of birth. This principle of equal justice under law is embedded in the constitutional fabric of our national tradition, It was solemnly expressed in the promise of the 14th amendment or the Constitution that every person is entitled to equal protection of the laws. The principle of equal justice is also expressed in our constitutional heritage of due process and our Bill of Rights. The first President of our country, George Washington, recognized it as our pervading ideal when he eloquently described our Government as one which "gives to bigotry no sanction, to persecution no assistance." Yet, it is only in recent years that the Federal courts have given real meaning to that promise of equal protection, and equal justice for all, under equal laws. All of us are proud that during the past 4 years the Federal courts have swept away the false doctrine of legalized segregation which supported so many cruel and indecent discriminations against millions of Americans. Mr. Justice Harlan's famous plea that "our Constitution is color blind" has become the law of the land, and it should now be clear that governmental power may no longer be legally used to compel or cause racial segregation. We can take even greater pride that this progress is being supported by the majority of Americans, speaking both as individuals and through their organizations, including the churches of all faiths, the professions, business, labor, veterans, indeed, by all who understand the noble heritage of equal justice that constitutes the American ideal. However, in many areas, there are groups, some small and fanatical, others large, well financed and well organized, that refuse to comply with the requirements of the Constitution and the law of the land. They strive to reverse the rulings of the courts by obstructive tactics, by economic coercion, by physical violence, by terror, by harassments, and by as wide a variety of devices as their ingenuity can conceive. The recent revelation of the terrorism and fear which local police use in Dawson, Ga., to oppress the colored residents, of that community has been shocking and sickening. Such official tyranny is reminiscent of the police brutality fostered by the Hitler and Stalin regimes, and the current Russian terror behind the Iron Curtain. It shames America in the eyes of the world.

But Dawson, Ga., is not the only place in our country where brutal disregard of human rights has occurred. Milford, Del., Belzoni, Miss., Birmingham, Ala., Little Rock, Ark., and many other places have witnessed a mounting crisis of widespread resistance to law and order. Law-abiding citizens are being denied their right to vote, they are bombed, they are excluded from public schools to which they are entitled to go, they are oppressed in their livelihood, they are subjected to indignities and indecencies â&#x20AC;&#x201D; in short, they are being denied the liberty, the pursuit of happiness, and the basic rights which the Constitution has guaranteed to them. This crisis which America faces has been fomented by persons who fail to understand the heritage of America. They seek to preserve an outmodel system of caste and second-class citizenship. They strive to repeal court rulings by intimidation, violences, and coercion. The recent order by Judge Lemley forbidding integration in the public schools of Little Rock for the 2-1/2 years remaining in Governor Faubus' term is a direct outgrowth of that intimidation and coercion. It will surely encourage the mobs to use organized violence to subvert the supreme law of the land. I am confident that in the long run they will fail in their objectives. But in the meantime they are creating tensions, disturbances, and hates which injure America, both internally, and before the whole, watching world. Those who want to preserve segregation at any cost are destroying the basic rights of all Americans, white as well as colored, they are destroying the exercise of free speech, free assembly, and free thought in a large part of our country, and in their madness they would pull down the whole edifice of public education which is the key to the future. White and colored children alike, and our whole country, will be the losers. It is the duty of Government to deal with this problem, and to do so now. It is the duty of Congress to provide the leadership. We cannot afford to let the mobs and the hoodlums set our moral tone; nor can we sit idly by until they force us to resort to frantic improvisations after they have created dangerous civic disorder, violence, and riot, We cannot leave to the young child the burden of facing the mob; nor should the Government leave the Constitution to be carried on the shoulders of poor and harassed individuals who seek only that which the Constitution guarantees are becoming so great in some areas that only the Federal Government can protect their constitutional rights. (Continued on page 33)

CIVIL RIGHTS LEGISLATION SPONSORED BY BROTHER WILLIAM LEVI DAWSON Tk. C o > el W i l l i e . f n k e e t - A r T . l „ D,o»crecr lee »

H. R. 1250

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HON.»iaiAMLI>*WSON ftbruarr

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES JAKCAIV

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referred

Commerce

f !

RESOLUTION 1

Providing relief against ccrtnin forms of discrimination in interstnle transportation. lie it enacted by the Senate and Havse of Representa-

2 lives of the United States of America in Conaress assembled,

H. R. 228

submitted t h e f o l l o w i n g resolution; which T H referred t o tha Committee o n R u i n

S 3

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2 (be House of Representatives, to be appointed by th« ) Speaker of the House, be authorized and directed to make 4

full and complete study mid investigation of race relation* in the Tutted States

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Hesolccd, That o special committee of seven Memberi of

CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE FEBRUARY 22,1950

IN THE HOUSE OF REP 'SSENTATIVES

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H. R. 230

80™ CONGRESS IHT S E U I O M

A BILL

• • . Da you believe in the CotmilullonT Do you tot-Hew | n whit U within the four corner* or thm document? Then, what Rite* any clnwrt tlie r.Bht to deny to any oilier i-iiUcn (he ba-lc rlshis that wrtry M k l I* funrnritred therein: the rttht to ii'e. the riRhf to exercise ihi ,'Lerty to c o to i r e p o t - • i d have xomclhirtf to xay about those who make the lawt; these who Interpret Ihe law» and those who - . v u t e the laws? This b the question today, uenitemen. whether or not you will tell 16.000.000 that ' Y o u are n o t first-rate clll-en- ot Ihls rountry, the Constitution nntwllhstundine.". .

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

^/h"™"GS'l>'>»S' F o r l l l c 1)e,'<-'r assurance t.f the protection of persons within the nrnris d 7 ">«W SS £ . ' several States from mob violence and lynching, and for other • » roeer?,,' purposes. cath

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Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rcpresenta£"«<•• th«' b i ^ ~ S ^ W n t o i i

tXTEHSION O f REMARKS

*M »r'""wXieSc", "w'^^l^you u yo,^

2 r«W 0/ the United States of A meriva in Congress assembled,

HON. WILLIAM L DAWSON

A BILL

Against Segregated Hospitals for Veterans HON. WILLIAM L DAWSON

Mr. DAWSON. Mr. c h e l r m u i . I r e e r e t t b e t we h e r e t o telle the floor e t t h l e

ehould bulla h o p t t e l c lor Hellene. lor Jepenew, or en» other eeetiori ol lie

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w Tiff n o c a e O F ncpitraciiTA-nvi Tutiday. March 4. Ml

Making unlawful the requirement for the payment as a prerequisite to voting in a primary or othet ..ational officer!. 76m CONGRESS 2D Sctu.ox

H. R. 4004

-Race Is Not a -Limitation SPEECH

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A BILL

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To prohibi, discrimination ;„ c , 1 1 1 ) % 1 „ 0 , l f

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color, national origin, or ancestry.

A BILL To fissure to »U persons within the District of Columbil full and equal privileges of places of public accommodation, resort, entertainment, and amusement, and for other purposes. 1

Be it enacted l y Ihe Senate and House of Rejmaento-

2 tivei of the United States of America in Congress assembled,

°' " emC,ed h" °" * « * •<*- »«-. o, ReprwMa.

2 * « . o, the U„Ued States of AmerKa

,„ Congress

Fair Employment Practice Committee Speeches of

Hon. William L. Dawson of Illinois

assem^,

A BILL To enforce the constitutional right to vote, to upon the district courts of the United injunctive relief against discrimination modations, to authorize the Attorney G.

Congressional "Record ^America" Vol. 109

PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE 8 8

CONGRESS, FIRST SESSION

W A S H I N G T O N , T U E S D A Y , OCTOBER 2 9 , 1963

No.

173

House of Representatives MR. DAWSON PRESENTING PETITIONS TO CONGRESS IN SUPPORT OF CIVIL RIGHTS BILL MR. DAWSON. Mr. Speaker, article of the Bill of Rights which is set forth in the first amendment to the U.S. Constitution, guarantees to the people, in positive words, the right to petition the Government for a redress of grievances. A vast multitude of the people in the First Congressional District of Illinois, which I represent here in Congress, have grievances. They have gathered themselves and joined to present to the Congress, as the legislative organ of our National Government, a petition for the redress of their grievances. It is my proud and solemn duty and privilege to tender to you their petition to the Congress and to the Federal Government. There is a crisis in America that is now a national danger. Unless something is done about it, and it must bs done soon, this crisis will become a national calamity. The Declaration of Independence and the Constitution of the United States established that our national goal is equal justice under law for all persons. More than 100 years have elapsed since the Emancipation Proclamation opened the way for America to fulfill that promise. Until 1964, that promise was frustrated by the false doctrine of legal racial discrimination, effectuated through the techniques of segregation, degradation, and violence. Millions of Americans were subjected to cruel and indecent treatment and deprivation solely because of their ancestry and color. The Supreme Court's decisions from 1954 onward have destroyed the basis for that cruel and unworthy doctrine. It is now clear beyond peradventure of doubt that no government may legally use its powers to compel, assist, or sanction any racial discrimination, whether effectuated by segregation or otherwise. Under these court decisions, there has best much progress in the past 9 years toward giving increased meaning to the

blessings of liberty and constitutional rights to many Americans. This progress is supported by the majority of Americans of all classes, creeds, and parts of our country including the churches, professions, business, labor, veterans, and the rank-and-file people of America. However, there are still too many areas and groups that continue to demean and to discriminate against Negroes and other minorities. There is not, and there cannot be, any justification for such continued discrimination. As a Negro and as the Congressman of the First Congressional District of Illinois which I have represented since 1942, I have repeatedly stated and asserted that the Negro people are proud to be American citizens and American Negroes. We have never been satisfied with second-class treatment for ourselves or for any American citizen. We have borne these cruel and unjust burdens for 100 years since the Emancipation Proclamation. Time has run out. These burdens can no longer be borne. Our patience is gone. We demand and insist upon the full and equal protection of the law as guaranteed to us and to every American by the 14th amendment to the Constitution. The Civil Rights Acts of 1957 and 1960 were good steps in the proper direction but they are far too small and inadequate to deal with the crisis of equal justice that now confronts our Nation. It is for these reasons that thousands upon thousands upon thousands of the citizens of the First Congressional District of Illinois now present to the Congress through you, Mr. Speaker, their petitions for redress of grievances. They petition the Congress as follows: We, the undersigned, support the passage of H.R. 7453, a bill: 1. To enforce the constitutional right to vote; 2. To confer jurisdiction upon the district courts of the United States; 3. To provide injunctive relief against discrimination in public accommodation;

4. To authorize the Attorney General to institute suits to protect constitutional rights in education; 5. To establish a Community Relations Service; 6. To extend for 4 years the Commission on Civil Rights; 7. To prevent discrimination in federally assisted programs; 8. To establish a Commission on Equal Employment Opportunity; and 9. For other purposes. This bill was introduced in the House of Representatives on July 9, 1963, by Congressman WILLIAM L. DAWSON and was referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. This bill supports President Kennedy's civil rights legislation. Mr. Speaker, as the author of H.R. 7453, the civil rights bill now pending before the House, I join in this petition of my constituents. I join in their demand for prompt enactment of the Civil Rights Act of 1963. This needed legislation is also supported by many of my colleagues who have introduced similar bills. The legislative branch of the government must put its full moral and legal weight in support of the command and promise of the 14th amendment to guarantee equal protection of the law. Sixteen years ago, President Truman emphasized in his profound speech before the Lincoln Monument on June 29, 1947, that Civil rights today means not only protection of the people against the Government, but protection of the people by the Government. That is indeed the true measure of fulfillment of our national destiny and tradition. The prompt enactment of a strong civil rights law is essential to deal with the mounting crisis of violence, disregard of constitutional rights, and internal dissension which is weakening our national strength and unity. Mr. Speaker, I now present to you this large bundle of petitions signed by thousands upon thousands of the citizens whom I represent.

Brother Theodore A. Wright

Retired...

S A V A N N A H STATE COLLEGE Formerly Georgia State

College...

Theodore A. Wright, initiated in 1926, an Alpha man for more than 40 years â&#x20AC;&#x201D; a molder of men for almost the same number of years, cleaned his cleats, and hung up his uniform. Kansas City, New Orleans, Tallahassee, and Savannah knew the uncanny skill of Ted Wright in molding the lives of wholesome youth, developing their character through athletics. Brother Charles Gant, a Chicago High School coach and Brother Eugene Saffold, an executive of Anheuser-Busch and Prince of New York are prime examples of the products of Ted Wright.

Brother

A two-some sharing the applause of those who loved them.

Savannah, Georgia, from New Orleans. Coach Wright was known as the magic man of basket ball. Ric Roberts smiles when he speaks of the All-Americans of Xavier University where Ted first presented a Chicago Five, a group of high school athletes who entered college, and it's a legend that they not only defeated college teams, but humiliated the famous Globe Trotters. Brother Wright's arms reached again to Chicago when he persuaded Ed Connors and a group of Chicago high school lads to enroll at Georgia State College. Thus, Coach Ted Wright again blazed a trail of glory and retired this year. Former players and colleagues treked to the campus to honor this great man of sports; others sent telegrams of congratulations. During Brother Wright's regime, basketball reached heights at Savannah State College that may not ever be reached again. The most talked-about

Wright Says

Farewell

team that he produced was the Chicago Five! Even today, people compare medern Savannah State College teams with the precisioned-playing Chicago Five! Coach Wright and his players did like the old Yankee baseball teams; they prepared in the beginning for the tournaments after the regular season. Savannah State College was always represented in Kansas in the National Athletic Intercollegiate Association playoffs and they won games. Coach Wright's achievement will go down in history as an unbelievable feat. Coach Wright was the Adolf Rupp of "Black" basketball. No one has bothered to count all of his victories or do a special story on him, but his record speaks for him, as it always will. Coach Wright saw the challenge, met the blockades, and overcame the barriers. He was a winner!

Many friends, former students and faculty shared fond memory of association with Coach Wright.

MEMPHIS ALPHA LIGHTS STILL SHINES by Bro. Willie E. Lindsey Alpha Delta Lambda Chapter, Memphis, Tennessee, is proud to report a very successful year of fraternalism, and we are looking forward to even a greater year in Alphadom. The past year's projects and activities were climaxed with our "Annual Spring Formal" in the beautiful Skyway atop the Sharaton Peabody Hotel, topped with a family picnic at the Barbee Farm. Brother Atty. George Brown, Jr., a very able leader is our new president. Under this leadership Alpha Delta Lambda can't move any other way but forward! Other officers elected for the year are as follows: Bro. Thomas Perkins, Vice Pres., Bro. George Clark, Secretary; Bro. Eldridge Williams, Corresponding Secretary; Bro. Edison Morrison, Treasurer; Bro William Hawkins, Sergeant-at-Arms; Bro. James Swearengen, Parliamentarian, Bro. Willie Lindsey, Editor-to-Sphinx and Brothers Harper Brewer and Kenneth Cole, Co-Chairmen for Social Activities. The brothers of Alpha Delta Lambda have gone on record as pledgeing to support the many civic, educational, charitable and sociable projects and activities of the fraternity as well as the city of Memphis. We are especially pleased to let it be known to Alphadom everywhere the outstanding achievements made by brothers of our chapter in recent promotions and appointments in their various fields of endeavor, along with many elective victories from state wide elections. Brother Harold Ford and Ira Murphy were recently elected State Representatives from the State of Tennessee. Bro. Murphy serving his second term. Bro. J. O. Patterson, Jr., was elected a Statet Senator for the second time, and also serves as a city Councilman. Bro. George H. Brown, Director of legal aids for the poor, and an advisor along with Bro. Hollis Price, for the Memphis Board of Education, a first for blacks in this city. Bro. Joseph Westbrook, Area Director of Memphis City Schools, who will be an Area Superintendent next year, another first for Blacks in this city, along with Bro. George Clark, who was appointed Director of Elementary Education for the Memphis City Schools. Bro. George Robinson, Coordinator, Department of Plant Management, Memphis City Schools, another first for Blacks, Bro. Charles Patterson, Director of rector, Career Opportunities program, Memphis City Schools, another first for Blacks, Bro Charles Patterson, Director of Human Relations, Memphis City Schools, another first for Blacks in this city. Brother A. A. Latting, appointed to the Board of Directors of the Memphis and Shelby County Bar Association, making a first for men of color in this city. Bro. James Swearengen, appointed to the staff of Memphis State University Law School. Bro Overtis Wilson, Director of Guidance and Counseling, Memphis Area Vocational School, Bro. Joe Young, Director of Guidance and Counseling at the Memphis Technical Institute, both being a first for men of color in this city. Bros. Johnny Watson and Leon Davis, the only black male supervisors in the Memphis City School system. Bro. Kenneth Cole, Coordinator of Teacher's Corp for LeMoyne-Owen and Memphis State University, and Bro. Clarence Christian, Acting Dean of Students, LeMoyne-Owen College and Bro. Johnny Williams on the Staff of LeMoyne-Owen College. Bro. Harold Winfry, Personnel Assistant, Memphis Board of Education. 24

Memphis Alpha Men Entertain Brother Whitney M. Young, Jr.

Officers and members of Alpha Delta Lambda Chapter of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc. entertained our esteem Alpha brother, Whitney M. Young, executive Director of the National Urban League, along with the local Urban League staff with a "Smoker" in the Tennessee Room at the Chisca Plaza Hotel, immediately after he delivered a stirring address for a banquet where three of Memphis most outstanding civic leaders were honored for their many contributions to this city and the Memphis Urban League, among them being another great Alpha man, our own Brother Hollis F. Price, retired President of LeMoyne-Owen College. Memphis Alphas took particular pride in the very well delivered address of Brother Young, which centered around the many goals of this city that the white community failed to concur. The affair was very well attended by members of Alpha Delta Lambda Chapter and their wives or sweethearts, some being: Atty. George Brown, newly elected president, Earnest Young, outgoing president of our chapter, Raymond Melton, Leon Freemon, John Strong, W. T. McDaniel, W. O. Clark, Aubrey Turner, Thomas Perkins, Fredric E. Letcher, Eddie Irons, Walter Evans, Willie E. Lindsey, Dr. William O. Speight, Clarence Christian, Clyde Venson, William Robertson, Walter Martin, Atty. James Swearengen, Dr. Robert Howse, Eldridge Mitchell, Harold Winfrey, Harper Brewer, Robert Woodard, William Cross, George Clark, Charles Patterson, Wallace Wilburn, Jr., Thomas Doggett, Edison Morrison, George Robinson, Aaron Powell, George Watkins, Charles Sueing, William Chapman, Dr. Edward Reed, William Hawkins, Frank Gray, Carl Johnson, Edward Knoght, Dorsey Hopson, Dr. Arthur Home, Atty. A . A. Latting, Sr. Harold Shaw, William Mardis, Atty. H. T. Lockard, Roscoe Overton, Dr. T. W. Northcross, Overis Wilson, Marshall Horton, Dr. Leland Atkins, Joe Young, Dr. Fred Rivers, Melvin Tuggle, Dr. Joseph Westbrook, Jethro Alexander, Thomas Watkins, Dr. C. J. Bates, Atty. Will Clark, R. S. Lewis, Jr., Kenneth Cole, Atty. J. O. Patterson, Jr., Johnny Williams, Eldridge Williams, Carl Johnson, Percy Washington and Dr. W. W. Gibson. (Continued on page 25)

SERVANTS OF ALL . . . HONORED

Brother Hollis F. Price Retires by Bro. Willie E. Lindsey Brother Hollis F. Price, President of LeMoyne-Owen College, Memphis, Tenn., retired after serving as president for this great institution for about twenty-seven years. Before being appointed president, Bro. Price served as Dean of LeMoyne College from 1941 to 1943. Bro. Dr. Price was honored with a Retiring Recognition Dinner, sponsored by the LeMoyne-Owen Alumni Association, on Saturday, May 30th, in the Holiday Inn-Rivermont's Holiday Hall. With a year's leave of absence in 1954, to serve as director of fund-raising for the National United Negro College Fund, LeMoyne was under the leadership of another good brother in the person of Bro. Dr., Walter W. Gibson. Bro Price has served in many high leadership capacities, such as president of the Congregational Christian College Council in the United Church of Christ (Congregational). In 1957, he directed the Rapid Social Change Study for the World Council of Churches and the Phelps Stokes Fund. He is one of two black advisors named to the Memphis City Board of Education, the other one being Bro. George Brown, Jr., President of Alpha Delta Lambda Chapter. He is on the Board of Management of the Abe Scharff Branch Y.M.C.A., The Board of the local Urban League, which honored him with a testimonial dinner, with Bro. Whitney Young, Jr., as the speaker. He is also on the Memphis Community Relations Committee and the Advisory Council of Memphis Family Service among many others. Bro. Price was honored in 1968, as "Educator of the Year," by Greater Memphis State, Inc. Since his retirement Bro. Price looks forward to devoting much more time to his responsibilities as an advisor to the Memphis Board of Education. He was, succeeded as President of LeMoyne-Owen College by Judge Charles Odell Horton, formerly a criminal court Judge in Memphis.

Brother L. H. Stanton, who for more than twenty-five years has been the bulwork of the Declamation Program of Alpha Phi Alpha fraternity on both the local and national level was honored by his Brothers in Alpha Gamma Lambda Chapter. Brother Stanton was presented with the fraternity's 'Man of the Year' award at the chapter's annual Black and Gold Formal dance, held in the spacious ballroom of the ParkSheraton Hotel. More than seven hundred guests applouded the presentation, which was a complete surprise. The award was presented by Brother William Decker Clarke, Eastern vice president of the fraternity and a group o fAlpha men including Congressman-Elect Charles Range, Brothers Theodore Charity, president of the local chapter, Melvin Bolden, Alvin Wilkes, Dick Campbell, Marshall Williams, Ernest Williams, G. W. C. Davis, Edward Hightower, Virgil Smith, Connie Miller and Dr. George Banks.

MEMPHIS ALPHAS (Continued from page 24) The following brothers were appointed Principals or Asst. Principals in the Memphis City School system: Bro. Willie Johnson, Principal White Station Elem.; Bro. Harold Osborne, Principal, Evans Elem.; Bro. Cleophus Hudson, Principal, Carnes Elem.; Bro. George Cox, Principal, Riverview Jr. Hi.; Bro. James Smith, Asst. Prin. Melrose High School, Bro. Logan Mitchell, Asst. Prin., Southside High School; and Bro. Fred Brown, appointed an administrative Intern, Memphis City Schools, along with Bro. Arthur Bowles. Brother William Robertson, Coordinator of Guidance and Counseling, Porter Jr. Hi. Four brothers of Alpha Delta Lambda Chapter had the honor and privilege of attending the National Convention in Philadelphia, Pa. They were Brothers Wallace Wilburn, Jr. and Willie E. Lindsey, who were chapter delegates and Brothers Edison Morrison and James Swearengen went as visitors. Our congratulations to Brother John Ford, who was crowned King of the Memphis Cotton Makers' Jubilee, during the 1970, Cotton Carnival. 25

Policemen Fired Unjustifiably A t Jackson State — Panel Says WASHINGTON. Oct. 1 — The President's Commission on Campus Unrest reported that Mississippi law enforcement authorities unjustifiably fired their weapons during a disorder at Jackson State College last May 14. Two students were killed and 12 youths were injured in the incident. The nine-member panel said in a special report the police gunfire was "an unreasonable overreaction." The commission was unable to determine whether or not there was gunfire from Alexander Hall on the college campus where the deaths occurred prior to the 28-second fusillade by law enforcement officers.

The Tar Heel of the W e e k Continued from page 16) It was during these classes that Best feels he really got to know young people. He has helped many of them get scholarships (about $140,000 worth from 1963 to 1968) and has often pulled money out of his own pocket to tide them over so they don't have to drop out of school. Woodworking A Hobby A bachelor, Best enjoys working with tools in what spare time he has. He made most of the cabinets and installed the paneling in his office. He also likes to hunt and enjoys watching sports, both from the sidelines or from an easy chair in front of a TV set. Mostly, though, Best's energies are devoted to his medical practice and his civic work—Greenville Housing Authority, board of trustees of Jericho AME Zion Church, president of Zeta Eta Lambda chapter of Alpha Phi Alpha fraternity, trustee of A&T State University, 32nd Degree Mason and Shriner, N. C Task Force on Comprehensive Health Planning, United Fund, director of the Greenville Boys Club, member of the board of Planters Bank & Trust Co. in Greenville. In 1961, the Old North State Medical Society named him "Doctor of the Year" and last July he received the state 4-H alumnus award, the first black to be so honored. 26

Evidence Supports Finding ' T h e most favorable reading of the evidence tending to support a finding that there was such gunfire indicates that at most two shots were fired from one window," the report said. "One of the most tragic aspects of the Jackson State College deaths, however, is that despite the existence of racial antagonisms — the confrontation itself could have been avoided." The commission found that race hostility on the part of white police officers — "an attitude the blacks are not fully human" -— was a "substantial contribuing factor" in the campus deaths and injuries. Aggravating this situation, the report said, was the all-white makeup of the Jackson Police Department and the State Highway Patrol. The commission concluded that the Jackson city police and Mississippi highway patrol lacked adequate plans, communications, training and discipline when they entered the Jackson State campus. Another major commission finding blamed the deaths and injuries on the "confidence of white officers that if they fire weapons during a black campus disturbance they will face neither stern departmental discipline nor criminal prosecution or conviction." Tests Prove Fiming In analyzing a state highway patrol investigation justifying the shootings, the

COLLEGE

report noted 'there was no transcript made of the interviews (of the officers), no written statements taken and no written report." The report also found "a pattern of deceit" in the statements of some Jackson city police officers who claimed repeatedly to their own superiors, the Federal Bureau of Investigation and the major biracial committee that they had not fired their weapons at Jackson State. FBI laboratory tests later proved that the weapons had been fired, the report noted. The report contained a plea by the commission for Americans to reject the belief that individuals who engage in civil disorders must expect to be injured or killed when police are needed to restore order. TeUs Duty of Officials "It is the duty of public officials to protect human life and to safeguard peaceful, orderly and lawful protest," the report said. "When disorderly protest exists, it is their duty to deal with it firmly, justly and with minimum force necessary; lethal force should be used only to protect the lives of officers or citizens and only when the danger to innocent persons is not increased by the use of such force." The commission also reminded students and their leaders that they have a duty "to condemn absolutely and unequivocably the use of force and violence."

BROTHERS

Special to Brothers Moving from Present Address After May 1, 1971 Send to: EDITOR OF SPHINX 4728 Drexel Boulevard, Chicago, Illinois 60615 Name

Chapter

Present Address

City and State

__ Zone

Permanent Address City and State

Zone

Send my "MAY" issue of the Sphinx to: My present address My permanent address (Check One)

Brother Michael V . Brown Appointed National College Editor of the Sphinx

Michel V. Brown, a student at Texas Southern University, has been appointed National College Editor of The Sphinx. In accepting this position, Brother Brown stated, "I have a lot to offer the position, including a love for our fraternity, a desire to see more journalistic expressiveness on the part of college brothers, a desire to see the gap between college and graduate brothers closed, and my personal journalistic experience." Brother Brown's journalistic experience includes one year with his high school newspaper; one year with the campus newspaper at Northern Illinois University; and one semester with the campus newspaper at Texas Southern University. He has also written two short stories which are presently being reviewed for possible publishing by ESSENCE Magazine. He was tutored in terms of writing by Phyllis Garland of EBONY Magazine's New York Office, John Killens ( a black author), and Fred Beauford ( a black novelist and graduate student at New York University).

Brother Mike Brown

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

ALPHA WORKSHOP Laurence T. Young, General Secretary

December 15, 1970 TO:

THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc.

CHRISTMAS GREETINGS: In every heart throughout the world There is one thought — one prayer May all men live as brothers And peace reign everywhere THE ELECTION The Chairman of the Committee on Election — Brother Jerry L. Martin expresses pleasure at the response of the electorate with respect to the ballots mailed and returned for the election of a General President of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc. for the term January 1, 1971 through December 31, 1972. The brothers throughout the Country have seen fit to return to office as General President, Brother Ernest N. Morial, — the official report follows: SCHEDULE I NUMBER OF BALLOTS MAILED 10-15-70 Over print (additional) TO BE ACCOUNTED FOR

8,102 1.60 8,162

ERNEST N. MORIAL GUS T. RIDGEL Ballots voided Ballots received (12-14-70) TOTAL BALLOTS RETURNED AND VOTED

1,890 1,361

Returned by Post office (undeliverable) Ballots not used (over print) BALLOTS NOT RETURNED RECONCILED COUNT

(Continued from page 11) 3,251 31 8 3,290 332 160 4,480 8,262

8,262

Jerry L. Martin, Chairman Lionel H. Newsom Clifton E. Bailey R. Allan Durrant Curtis L. Washinton Harold O. Nelson LAURENCE T. YOUNG Executive Secretary — Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc. 28

Cleveland Bellow 1332 90th Avenue, Oakland, Calif. 94603 (1973) Ivan L. Cotman P.O. Box 802 Detroit, Michigan 48221 (1973) Morris Hatched, Counsel 1456 East Adelaide, St. Louis, Missouri 63107 Montague Oliver 1111 East 19th Avenue, Gary Indiana (1971) Thomas D. Pauley III, Chairman 1014 Lafayette Street, Jefferson City, Missouri 65101 Jesse C. Richards, Jr. 1859 Pleasure Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70122 (1971) William Ross 5437 Westminister, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (1972) Jesse H. Sterling, Assistant Secretary 3501 Knollcrest, Los Angeles, California 90043 (1972) Laurence T. Young, Secretary 4432 Martin Luther King Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60653 Levin C. Weiss, Treasurer 4676 West Outer Drive — Detroit, Michigan 48235

Metcalfe Story

SCHEDULE II For For

Alpha Phi Alpha Education Foundation, Incorporated

importantly, the Blacks who developed the issue) give credit and praise to Metcalfe's work, words and worth in this effort. As the first Black President Pro-Tem of the City Council, Brother Metcalfe's unusual administrative ability has shown itself clearly in the chairing of this interesting but difficult body. The then Vice President of the United States, Brother Hubert H. Humphrey, selected Brother Metcalfe to settle the bitter dispute between the NCAA and the AAU. Since these disputes involved thousands of Black athletes, it was significant that his arbitration benefited all. THEN THIS IS THE RALPH METCALFE STORY. Not promises—but production, not pledges, but action. Brother Metcalfe was elected Congressman from the First Congressional District of Illinois.

Brother Prince A. Jackson, Jr. Elected to Board of Education in Savannah, Georgia

Brother Prince A. Jackson

Brother Prince A. Jackson, Jr. (Ph.D.), on November 3, 1970, was elected to serve a six-year term on the Chatham County-Savannah Board of Education. He received almost seventy percent of the votes cast in a predominantly white district, even though his opponent was white. Brother Jackson slated, "I ran primarily because I have become very concerned about what has been happening to black teachers and princpials during this crucial period of transition from a dual school system to a unitary school system. 1 do not believe that it is necessary to try to convince you why concerned black representation on policy making boards will give our educators the protection they need." Brother Jackson studied at Savannah State College (received B.S. degree with first honors in 1949), New York University (M.S., 1950), University of Kansas (Summers of 1961 and 1962), Harvard University (National Science Foundation Fellowship 1962-63), and Boston College (Ph.D. 1966 and Teaching Fellow 1964-66). Presently, Brother Jackson is Chairman of the Division of Natural Sciences, Professor of Mathematics and Physics, and Director of Institutional Self-Study at Savannah State College. Brother Jackson is the author of Several research articles and SCIENCE IN THE SCHOOLS, a monograph which is used by Catholic School teachers,

Theta Delta Lambda Brother Retires from Army Brother, Sp7, Willard Edwards retired from the United States Army on 31 August 1970, after completing more than twenty years of active military service. He is a native Virginian, having been born at Virginia Beach. His civilian education include a Bachelors Degree from Hampton Institution, Hampton, Virginia. It was at Hampton that he crossed the Burning Sands. Bro. Edwards military education include schools in the following; Personnel Management and Administration; Nike Universal Launcher Electronic Material Maintenance; Chemical, Biological and Radiological Warfare Defense; IB M1401 Programming, IBM MAP Programming, IBM COBOL Programming; IBM FORTRAN II and FORTRAN IV Programming, UN1VAC FORTRAN V Programming; and Radiological Defense monitoring. Among other things, he served as a Senior Programming Assistant, and a Physicial Science Assistant at the White Sands Missile Range in New Mexico. Also, he served as a Physical Science Assistant at Ford Monmouth, New Jersey. During his military career, he has served in assignments in the United States and the Far East as Personnel and Intelligence Sergeant and for twenty eight months was administrative NonCommission Officer at the Recruiting Main Station at Baltimore, Maryland. Bro. Edwards resides with his wife Lucy at 5209 Juliandra Drive, El Paso, Texas. She is a graduate of the Howard Univesrity Law School, Washington, D. C , and is currently practicing law in El Paso, Texas. In picture, Bro., Edwards is receiving an award for his outstanding efforts as a scientific programmer. In this job, he had the responsibility for developing, modifying, and evaluating scientific programs for large scale computers. principals, and Superintendents in the Archdiocese of Boston, Mass., and the Diocese of Portland, Maine; Providence, Rhode Island; Manchester, New Hampshire; Fall River, Mass., and Worcester, Mass. Brother Jackson is listed in PERSANALITIES OF THE SOUTH (1967),

Book Dedicated To An Alpha

Brother Cirilo A. McSween

Brother Cirilo A. McSween, the first Black agent for the New York Life Insurance Company was honored, perhaps immortalized, in the dedication of a text for business students. Brother McSween, a "million-dollar-a-ayear" insurance agent since beginning his career in 1956, was lauded by his mentor and former professor at the University of Illinois, Robert I. Mehr, in a dedication to Mehr's new book, LIFE INSURANCE THEORY AND PRACTICE. Mehr, author of four books, wrote of Brother McSween: "Of all my eminently successful students, I have the greatest admiration for Cirilo A. McSween, not nly fr his success as a professional life insurance man . . . but more importantly, for his dedication to making a better life for his race through his total commitment to Operation Breadbasket and devotion to the duties of his office of treasurer of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference." AMERICAN MEN OF SCIENCE (1968), OUTSTANDING EDUCATORS OF AMERICA (1970), and selected to appear in the twelfth Edition of WHO'S WHO IN THE SOUTH AND SOUTHWEST. Brother Jackson is President of the Beta Phi Lambda Chapter in Savannah. 29

MIDWESTERN OUTSTANDING CHAPTER Miami University

BETA PI CHAPTER Lane College — Jackson, Tennessee Bro. Victor Davis, Editor to the Sphinx Brother Elisha Cole, president of the chapter for the year '70 and '71, and Brother Eugene Murphy, chaplain, toured AFRICA (the dark continent) for (2-1/2) two and one-half months this summer. They were representing the college (Lane) in the Operation Crossroads Africa, Inc. project, that of which Bro. James H. Robinson is director and founder. The purpose of the rtip was that of Building Bridges of Friendship with the North Americans and the Africans. The trip brought the brothers of Beta Pi in direct contact with the brothers and sisters there, enabling them to converse about issues existing, their complexities, and what course to pursue in eliminating them.

Brother Kenneth Byrd proudly points at the inscription on the plaque. Dr. Joseph Cantrell, Advisor seems pleased with the results.

Oxford, Ohio — The Miami University chapter of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity has been named the "Outstanding College Chapter of 1970 for the Midwest Region of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity." The announcement was made at the Midwest Regional Meeting of the Fraternity where the honor was won in competition with forty other college chapters from eight midwestern states: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Michigan, Missouri, Ohio and Wisconsin. The "Outstanding Chapter" award is the highest recognition an undergraduate chapter can gain at a regional meeting and is based upon scholarship, service, improvement, program activities and community involvement. Judging this year considered the 1969-70 academic year. In the area of community service during the last school year, the Miami chapter of Alpha Phi Alpha, with a membership of nine, held a Halloween party for Oxford children ages 4 to 10; assisted in the construction of a playground for the young children of the village; made presentations on black history to school and church groups in the community, were involved in the tutorial program with every member tutoring at Kramer Elementary School, and all members served as a Big Brother in the Big Brother-Big Sister program. The local chapter rose from last to fifth place in the scholastic ranking of Miami's 23 fraternities during the last school year, winning the award for the "most improved chapter" in the area of scholarship. Members of Alpha Phi Alpha at Miami held membership in a variety of honor societies and campus professional organizations, including Omicron Delta Kappa men's leadership honor society; Kappa Phi Kappa national professional fraternity for men in education; Delta Sigma Pi professional fraternity in commerce and business administration; the National Education Association; the Ohio Music Educator's Association and the American Choral Director's Association. Members were included on the university's Deans' List, were recipients of several departmental awards, with one young man being selected as Miami's Outstanding Junior Man, another serving as a member of the Homecoming Royal Court. (Continued on page 32) 30

The brothers have reported that the trip was challenging, yet rewarding and enhching; and that the people of Africa are about one of the friendliest people in the world. Bro. Cole, a member of the following organizations . . . Senior Class of '70 and '71 — Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc. — President Student Christian Association — Committee Chrmn. NAACP Usher Guild Biology Club — past V. President and B. Mgr. Freshman Counselor Gospel Choir Self 1 Study for Lane College Who's Who in Americans Colleges and Universities P. B. Peague Lodge #358 had this to say about Africa to a listening audience in a chapel program. "My experiences in Africa impressed upon me how terribly isolated we are in America. We know so little about Africa beyond the stereotypes of Tarzan and a few others and yet we fail to get involved . . . All of these experiences are now an indelible part of me, and boastfully, I am a better person for it." (Continued on page 32)

OPEN LETTER TO THE ACADEMIC COMMUNITY... SOMEBODY'S BLACK COLLEGE Dr. John Smith, Dean Somebody's Black College Anywhere South, U.S.A. Dear Dean: On my last day at SBC, I went by the accounting office to see why a dollar had been deducted from my last paycheck. I was told that this had been done under your orders. I do not want that dollar back, but I wish to express my opposition toward the principle of the act. Believe it or not, over one-half of my check annually goes toward the support of other people. And I do not merely mean my relatives. I give also to other persons whom I FEEL DESERVE MY GIVING. I feel that this is enough! If I had desired ever to give to the college chest fund, I would have given. But the desire never struck me. And please do not feel that I am the only person who took a negative attitude toward this deduction, nor am I writing this letter merely because I am no longer a part of the faculty of SBC. As I stated before, this communique is written on the basis of principle. I hope what I am saying do not offend you to the point where you overlook the truth therein, especially for what I am about to say. Dean, my experiences at SBC and the experiences of my comrades at other SBCees have caused us to think twice before working again at a predominantly black institution. Last summer, a young black professor, at one of the Ivy League bastions of scholarship, said to a large racially mixed group that he would never work at a black institution! I became very hostile and verbally attacked him. Why? Because he was saying what I felt but could never admit because of an inner desire to serve "my people." I later understood him. He told me that he said that because he can not help his people to break the chains of "cultural slavery" because they, especially black administrators, refuse to accept his help. Instead he goes to the white institution, train white students and correct their thinking, and they will save our people because black administrators will accept them and what they have to say. This, in part is true. The black establishment will accept them to the point where they begin to rock the boat! I realize that you are an American. And seemingly in America, change comes about only when a crisis is reached. And even after the crisis stage is at hand, you refuse to turn to the people who can most cope with and understand the problem. Instead you turn to some old fogy who is not even a part of this world. If not this, you go running to the man. Why do you do this? You don't have to do this anymore! Dean, I never intended to harm SBC! All I ever wanted and tried to do was my job, but as I saw it need to have been done and not necessarily the way I was ordered to do it. I never had any designs of damaging the reputation of SBC when I worked with students in the afternoons, evenings and weekends. Furthermore, these were never closed sessions and if the administration had wanted to know what I was saying, you or any other administrator would have been wel-

come to come join us. Some people, especially establishment faculty members, seem to have taken a negative attitude toward my sessions because snacks and SOFT DRINKS were served. Sir, I believe that the process of learning does not need to take place in a prison-like environment. Yes, it is true, I took my classes out on the grass. It is true that we met in the lobby of the building where I resided. But our meetings occurred not on your time, but my time. And if these were crimes, I plead guilty. And while making a plea of guilt, I might as well plead guilty to one more offense. I feel that I was most indicted for how I did what I did, but there was also some indictment for why I did what I did. However, I feel that you and your core of administrators overlook the fact of why others would indict me. First may I say, I was indicted because I cast a shadow on my colleagues by doing what I did because they either did not see a need to do it or just had no desires of paying the price of doing it. And then that brings it all down to why I did it. I did what I did simply because I saw a need, and I tried to fulfill that need. I was trying to get my students involved in the "game of catch-up." This was what "Operation Awareness" was all about . . . no more or no less. My relationship with students, my grades and my rapport in general were all geared toward the same ends . . . education . . . thinking . . . character building . . . put pride back into my people and at the same time getting them to accept responsibility. Now I realize I failed. Is it necessary for me and my kind to become extremists before you will listen? I don't want to win acceptance of my ideas on the basis of fear. I want acceptance from respect! And another thing Dean, money is not everything. I feel it is about time that black administrators had better realize that the few pennies you are paying do not and should not buy a man's soul. God knows I want to serve my people, but my people seemingly do not want me and are trying to tell me to get the h . . . away from the black school and head straight for the white institution. Please accept these words as words from someone who cares and not from someone who is out to destroy. I pray that what happened to many black principals of segregated public schools will not happen to black college administrators. When the black community schools were segregated, de jure, and needed the black principals, they were doing all of their "bucking" for the man's school board. Then when "de-segregation" came and they were demoted to assistant principals or traffic patrol officers, they turned to the black community, but the black community turned away and said too late. Keep "bucking" for the man! Finally, may I say loyalty is good, but it is not the final measure of life. Honor, truth and pride are just as important. Yours truly, Professor I. M. Movingon P.S. Most recently I had to defend black institutions of the lower South when they were attacked as being and shall always be mere extensions of the plantation system. Please help me to make my defense a reality. 31

EPSILON OMICRON LAMBDA Honors Outstanding High School Seniors

BETA PI (Continued from page 30) Bro. Murphy, a member of the following organizations . . . Junior Class of '70 and '71 Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc. — Chaplain Pre-Alumni Club NAACP Student Christian Association Biology Club Lane College Marching Band Lane College Concert Band Usher Guild Freshman Counselor had this to say to a listening audience in a chapel program. "I am sure my lecture has added to your intellectual knowledge of Africa. The wearing of your naturals and your overall natural look tells me that you are very proud of your black heritage. Black is beautiful and it is so beautiful to be Black."

Remembering a passage in our beloved hymn, "manly deeds, scholarship, and love for all mankind — are the aims of our dear fraternity . . .," the Epsilon Omicron Lambda Chapter of Lawrenceville, Virginia held an Award's Banquet for 12 outstanding area high school seniors. This event was held at the luxurious Holiday Inn of Emporia, Virginia with Brother W. A. Short, Chairman of the Alpha Outreach Committee hosting this gala occasion. After a delicious full course dinner, the program consisted of remarks by the Chapter President, M. G. Walker and high school seniors. The seniors expressed their gratitude for being honored and felt that this occasion inspired them towards future academic attainment. A certificate of academic achievement was presented to each senior. The event was closed with the Alpha Hymn.

MIAMI UNIVERSITY

(Continued from page 30)

Most of the members are active with the Black Student Action Association, some serving as officers of the organization, while others participate as members of the staff and as editor of the "Black Opinion" newspaper. Additional campus activities of individual members include the Undergraduate Alumni Association, as members and executive board members; The A Cappella Singers, one member serving as president of this mixed chorus; the Miami Chest, as a board member of the student fund raising organization; membership on Student Senate; as president of the Freshman Karate Team, and several members who played on Miami varisity athletic teams. Others activities include participation on the Council on Student Affairs, the University Marching Band, the University Center Program Board and the Inter-Varsity Christian Fellowship. The 1969-70 Alpha Phi Alpha president was Anthony Lockhart from Cleveland, a June 1970 graduate, with the 1970-71 president being Kenneth Byrd, Xenia senior. Dr. Joseph S. Cantrell, associate professor of chemistry, currently serves as adviser, with Dr. Henry Montgomery, retired classics department chairman, formerly serving in this capacity. 32

Bro. Robert Smith, a brother here at Beta Pi, has represented the College for (2) two consecutive years at the BioMedical Science Program at Meharry Medical School of Medicine in Nashville, Tennessee. Bro. Smith will enter medical school upon completion of a B. S. degree requirements in 1972. Fourteen (14) Neophytes have recently been added to the superbed Beta Pi Chapter of the Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc. Out of (17) seventeen seniors making Who's Who in American Colleges and Universities, six brothers and one Sphinxman were selected to appear in this the 1970 and '71 edition. They are: Bro.Dan Boykins — History major Bro. Charles Burton — Biology major Bro. Elisha Cole — Biology major Bro. Victor Davis — English major Bro. Fred Smith — Mathematics major Bro. James Wray — Mathematics major Little Bro. Michael Dandridge — Mathematics major The brothers here are proud of these outstanding brothers and are eager to share our joy with you in the SPHINX.

CIVIL RIGHTS BILL OF 1958

FratFun.. with winters DR. O. WILSON WINTERS, Editor

(Continued from page 20) The bills now before you, including H. R. 10928, which I have introduced, cover a variety of subjects relating to the protection of the civil rights of our fellow Americans. Some of these bills provide civil remedies. Others would strengthen the criminal laws for the purpose of providing penal sanctions to protect civil rights. Several of these bills are similar to bills which I have introduced in previous Congresses. All of them would constitute appropriate legislation to help protect the guaranties of equal protection of the laws and the due process of law to which all Americans are entitled. They would encourage and give heart to the many people, in the South as well as the North, who deplore the present drift to chaos. The South is not monolithic, and many of its white people are opposed to the new tide of racism and totalitarianism. If and when any or all of these bills come to the floor of the House, I shall support them with all my strength. I know that many of you will do so, too. I have introduced H. R. 10928 for the purpose of dealing with the mounting crisis of widespread resistance to law and order that is growing in many areas. My bill is intended to prescribe additional practical means for protecting the existing rights of all persons to receive the equal protection of the laws. It would provide legislative direction to the executive branch of Government to furnish technical assistance and to make financial grants to local communities, as well as establish specific administrative procedures, for moving ahead in complying with the decisions of the Supreme Court of the United States. Under Title I of my bill, the Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare would utilize educational means to help communities prevent or eliminate denials of constitutional rights, not only in the public schools, but in other activities as well. H. R. 10928 would authorize appropriations of up to $3 million each year for gathering and publishing information concerning the problem, assisting in calling conferences on the subject, and providing trained specialists to aid the States and localities in eliminating governmentally imposed segregation in public education. These things should have been done years ago. Title II would authorize appropriations of up to $50 million each year to assist States and localities in meeting the costs necessary to comply with the Supreme Court's decision against compulsory segregation in the public schools, including costs of additional teachers, inservice training for teachers, providing group relations specialists, replacement of State funds withdrawn from local districts which are eliminating segregation, and construction of additional facilities where necessary. Detailed provisions are present in my bill to insure that the grants are made in the most economical and effective manner possible.

(with applolgies to Rudyard Kipling) Afool there was and he said a prayer Even as you and I To a rag, a bone and a hank of hair We call her the woman who didn't care But the fool — he called her his lady fair Even as you and I »

•

A fool there was and he gave a gift Even as you and I To a girl his friends thought rather swift He bought it with taste and care and thrift But when she saw it, the lady sniffed Even as you and I

* *

A fool there was and he bought a book Even as you and I He was looking ahead for a long time look The public had made it a book stand thrill For the name of the book was Fanny Hill. Even as you and I.

* *

A fool there was and he thought a thought Even as you and I That black was beautiful, in fact His every room he daubed jet black No more could he see his wife, kids or cat Even as you and I *

* »

A fool there was and she bought some pills Even as you and I She used them with rhythm and clinical skill She is not convinced of their value yet For she just bought a cute little bassinet Even as you, not I

* *

A fool there was and he sought a name Even as you and I He found out not all of us think the same Some "Negro," some "colored" "Afro American" black But he preferred to be just called "black." Even as you and I. By Dr. O. Wilson Winters, Fun Editor Emeritus

Minority Groups and Politics of the Power Structure By Brother Otha N. Brown, Jr. State Rep. Otha N. Brown, Jr., has been notified by the Institute of Public Service at the University of Connecticut that it will publish the paper, "Minority Groups and the Politics of the Power Structure" which he prepared and delivered before a seminar of the institute last April. The paper will be published in Connecticut Government, a publication of the institute which is published four times a year and is distributed on a complimentary basis to a mailing list of about 3,000 state and local officials. The mailing also includes state legislators and out-of state university government research bureaus. In addition, the institute makes reprints of articles in its publication available for general distribution and for class work. The publication normally published only articles dealing with the mechanics of local and state government. However, the institute felt that Rep. Brown's paper would provide a special interest to its readers in government. The editor of Connecticut Government, Miss Rosaline Levenson, who is also assistant extension professor of the institute noted in Rep. Brown's bibliography that he received his M.A. at the University of Connecticut in 1956 with concentration in history and political science. He has served as a legislator on both the state and local level and is the only Democrat in the legislature from Norwalk. As one of the four Black legislators in the House, Rep. Brown is the only one in the history of the state to serve as chairman of a House standing committee. He is chairman of the Human Rights and Opportunities Committee and is a ranking member of the Education and Public Personnel Committees. The destiny of Black people is inextricably woven in the country's political structure. This is, of course, true for all people in America to a degree. However, Black people have had a unique place in America from the start â&#x20AC;&#x201D; unique in the manner of how they came to these shores; unique and unprecedented in the slavery system experience; and unique in freedom as a second class system of citizenship. The most profound uniqueness is the reason that Black people are unique in the first place, and that is the color of their skin. My views with respect to Black people and other racial minorities in the politics of the power structure are based on some assumptions and some of my personal experiences as a legislator on a local and state level. I recognize the limitations of both but pose them as points of departure. As an elected state official from a city with a relatively small minority of Blacks, these views have aspects of questionable application to many situations unlike my own. Assumptions My initial assumption is that the majority of Blacks are still committed to integration as a goal, a lot of rhetoric, oratory, slogans, and expressions of dissatisfaction, notwithstanding. It is unlikely, from all available evidence, that not more than 10% of minorities favor separation, and many of these are not 34

in agreement as to the type and degree of separation. While the Black revolution is valid as a cultural means of proclaiming racial consciousness and dignity which should be respected and recognized, its political effectiveness is highly questionable. Politically, the "name of the game" is not seizure of power by revolution but equal participation and enjoyment of the democratic political process. The second assumption is that a 10% of the population cannot by themselves change significantly the political, economic, or social structure of the country. There must be an effective coalition with other minorities, groups, and movements based on an enlightened self-interest. The final assumption is that there is a place for Blacks and other minorities in the country's political structure if a programmatic approach is adopted and results in a high degree of sophistication in the art of politics. Where We are There have been some major breakthroughs in the last decade which saw a significant number of Blacks elected to office. In many instances, they have been elected in areas where Blacks are a distinct minority in population and votes. Through a coalition of Blacks, whites, and others who deemed it in their best interest to support Black candi-

Broiher Otha N. Brown, Jr.

dates, major victories have been achieved. At the end of last month the New York Times reported from the Metropolitan Applied Research Center that more than 1500 Negroes now hold publice office. This included one Senator and nine members of the House in Congress; 48 mayors; 114 judges and magistrates; 168 state legislators and 362 on local school boards. Only Gerald Lamb of Connecticut was listed as an official who was elected state-wide.1 Since there are more than a half-million elected officials throughout the country, Blacks only comprise three-tenths of 1% of elected officials. This is a small ratio but quite phenomenal when comparing it with the preceding decade and after the Civil War, specifically at the turn of the 20th. Century. It must be pointed out that there is not total agreement on this point. One Black State Senator recently stated: "We must say frankly that black people have no role in contemporary politics. They are out-siders, the disinherited, the discriminated, the forgotten in the American political system."2 Of those Blacks who have been elected to office, he relates that they simply occupy marginal positions in the system, and those who represent them occupy a similar position. (Continued on page 35)

MINORITY GROUPS (Continued from page 34) The Black Politician, July 1969 p. 22. which have not been fully evaluated. The Civil Rights Acts of 1964, 1965, and 1968, reapportionment brought about by the One man-one vote rule, and coalition of Blacks and whites have been dominant factors in the growing number of Black elected and appointed officials. It is also clear both in the North and South that campaigning on a separatist platform is a sure shot to defeat for a candidate and his suuporters. If numbers are to be one of the guages of progress and greater political involvement, this can only come about within rather than outside the political structure. Politics: The Art of the Possible? It is my view that politics is the art of the possible; the art of getting things done. There are some who view politics in the negative. Perhaps, the following description as related by a politician in a recent work of fiction is appropriate: "Politics â&#x20AC;&#x201D; why, that's not necessarily a dirty word. It implies bargaining, giving and taking, it means tuning in on the times, doing things people want even when you're not sure it's best for them. More often than not, politics produces good results. And usually, when we play politics, we guess right, and what happens is right not only for us here but for most of the people out there." 3 For Black people and other minorities, politics must mean an effective solvent of poverty, segregation, bad housing and poor schools. If what is done does not truly present a positive prognosis to the solving of such ills, it becomes at best an emotional activity to improve the ego and ambitions of the practicioner who may have the appearance of a moderate in a Brooks Brothers suit or a militant in a dashiki or an Afro. Housing: The Key Issue To The extent that a political structure, party, or candidate can convince

1 New York Times p. 1 March 31, 1970 2 Dymally, Mervyn, The Black Man's Role in American Politics"

Black people of their determination to provide more and decent housing will such entities or persons receive mass Biack support and participation. If there is a single issue, especially in the North, housing is it. Housing is looked upon by racial minorities as the single answer to their economic and social problems. Based on their experiences, most Blacks feel that a Black candidate cannot and whites wfll not provide such housing. Therefore, they have very little faith in the political structure of the country. They either ignore it entirely and not participate, or they will give minimum support whenever the spirit hits them. The key issue of candidates vieing for Black support must be housing. While housing alone does not guarantee full employment, equal education, and a better social life, it has become a symbol, a tangible issue around which to rally. The Black politician must be aware and sensitive to this and base his campaign around this issue. Not only will he attract Black but whites who are liberal or lean in that direction. The Black Politician Former President Johnson once gave some advice to potential candidates to the effect that their first order of business is to get elected, and the second order of business is to get re-elected. Before this can be done in most cases, a candidate must get his party's nomination to run. This is especially true of Black candidates who expect to be successful. A Black candidate in a majority white area who seeks the nomination must strongly convince fellow Blacks that he can produce and to whites that he has Black support. It has been my experience that Blacks running with a party label or endorsement have done about as well as others on the same ticket. "The value of partisanship, then lies not simply in the strength of the machine but more in the traditional party allegiances of the voter, in the greater ease of straightticket voting, and by the presence of well-known state and national figures at the top of the ticket." 4 The author goes on to suggest that the party strucure's role in facilitating Black or minority entry into politics may be due to nothing much more than bestowing on the

candidate the party label and its blessings. Contrary to the belief by many, the majority of Black folk do not use "soul" as the primary guage for giving political support. They tend to accept the best and ignore the rest. To the extent that Blacks use their voting power for their self-interest and with a racial consciousness will the political structure give recognition and a positive response to their aspirations and demands. It then becomes simply a case of both sides playing ball, not on moral or social grounds, but for specific self interest of Blacks getting better housing and the machine to stay in office and maintain power. Black candidates must, again, be very much aware of this dynamic, or they will be just another disillusioned alsoran. He must also recognize that Blacks do not support or vote for a fellow Black because the white incumbent is inadequate, but because they feel that their Black brother is more than adequate. A Black candidate who yields to a few militants who demand a rejection of the political structure and to allow them to take over his campaign will find out that he loses vital white support. And the Blacks who may get caught up in the frenzy of emotional rhetoric are often found later to be good orators but non-voters because they just never made the effort to get registered. One prime example of this, I am told, is the last mayoralty election in New Haven. Some militant Blacks and ultra liberal whites took over the responsibility of getting a Black candidate elected for Mayor. They did very well, but also lost handily. There are substantial reasons to believe that one of the main reasons for the loss was that they never really tapped the determining resource, Blacks who campaigned but couldn't vote since they never registered, and the many whites who had little or no interest in the whole affair. Counting noses is a prime requisite for political victory. It is also interesting to take a brief look at another situation in another part of the country. In Los Angeles 4 Wilson, James Q , Negro Politics; Free Pressâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;1960 p. 43 (Continued on page 36) 35

MINORITY GROUPS (Continued from page 35) where Blacks have only 18% of the vote, a Black candidate, Tom Bradley won about 47% of the vote. There is no doubt that the candidate and his followers did a splendid job. Although they were not successful, a lot is being learned about what could have been done to insure victory and what must be done in the future. It seems clear that Los Angeles and New Haven shared some mutual experiences. The most obvious was that there were a lot of loud and optimisitc supporters. They believed their own press releases of victory in addition to the mass media and polls around the country. The failure to deal effectively, if at all, with the uncommitted and that part of the opposition who were either unconcerned or could have been persuaded with the proper attention and attempts toward their involvement. The differences in the two situations are also obvious. The candidates were different. Bradley had unquestioned credentials and appeal. He had won a primary victory and party endorsement. Perhaps, more could have been done to dispel the fear of the organization that the liberals were bent on taking over and going it alone and reaping the benefits. There was an obvious threat to the political structure's self interest in the maintenance of control and power. The style of the campaign was also interesting, if not unorthodox. Mayor Yorty, the incumbent and the challenger, a Black man were in reverse roles. The former used the strategy of going on the attack by arousing hatred through racial fear, while the latter had to play a defensive role and take it. Perhaps, this could not be helped, but it is clear to me that it was a decisive determinant of victory. It is hoped that the social researchers will gives close attention to this new phenomena of politics and offer some guidance and analysis for future consideration . . , It has been suggested that the Black politician must perceive himself as a peer to whites. If this is true, one might have expected Bradley to have gone on the offensive against Yorty. But with what results? It is most difficult to summarize the role of the Black elected officeholder except to indicate that he must truly be everything to everybody with all the 36

skill, wilson, and clairvoyance of a superman if he is to keep faith with his constituency, and most of all, himself. At the risk of over simplification, allow me to list four main areas of responsibility for Black officials as I see it: 1. Articulate the needs and aspirations of Black people and other racial and cultural minorities. With the loss of such charasmatic leaders as Dr. King, Malcom X, and John F. Kennedy, the Black politician virtually becomes the only "voice of results' in the struggle. 2. He must seek ways and means to meet the needs of all his constituents. While much of his efforts is racially determined, he must not fall in the trap or racial exclusiveness, especially if his election is dependent on whites' support. He must be able to respond to all demands whether practical, emotional, or just for dialogue. We must get thoroughly in the fight against pollution of our water and air: we must be champions for better health and educational opportunities for all. 3. He must gain and assert leadership, not by self appointment but through action and results. 4. He must continue to study and learn to become skillfull in the art of politics in order to meet the many and varying demands of the electorate. As Dr. Kenneth Clark states: "The Negro political official must be prepared for the realities and the problems of a politics of integration. Within this inescapable context of bi-racialism, the Negro must compete on single standards to gain and retain political, power as the most potent instrument whereby the promises of racial justice can be made real"5. Approaches and style of Minority Politics Two distinct approaches appear most prevalent in trying to assess the style of minority politics: The Emotional or "Soul" Approach and the Political Programmatics Approach. Before going into detail concerning these approaches, it must be understood that the structure of Negro politics is reflective of the city as a whole and is shaped and created by the political structure of the city. It must also be viewed in the context of America's pathology with respect to race and skin color. The soul approach would be most closely identified with the campaign for "Black Power," a political movement

which appeals to minorities as a means of racial identity. We have touched on this subject earlier in this paper. It bears repeating that this strategy has much merit to the extent of drawing attention to the movement or its leaders, but it has not distinguished itself by winning elections. Charles Evers, Mayor of Fayette, Mississippi suggested that Black candidates should talk about the issues and the problems of Negroes but not become racists. He issues a slogan which has caught fire with many successful Black politicians, "Don't vote for a Black man or a white man â&#x20AC;&#x201D; just a good man." The "Soul" approach is being used by Blacks with some white allies who see themselves as getting together and attacking the existing institutions and persons with power. This approach received racism as the problem of the country in dealing with poverty and race relations. What has followed has often been a nightmare to some and something beautiful to others. Yet the same existing institutions and persons of power with whom they failed to effectively deal, remain. Unfortunately, the call for MBlack Power" has been an affirmation or a response of being powerless. It is an emotional appeal which is neither politically valid or even practical. It has provided greater race consciousness and excitement but has produced no change in poverty, bad housing, segregated schools, and no additional representation within the councils of power which can change the laws of the country. On the contrary, it has often created fear and a backlash to the point of being reactionary by much of the white community and the power structure. Simply to identify and confront whites with the fact they are prejudiced and racist may get them to think and feel guilty but may do little to improve the social, economic, and educational conditions incident to poverty. I believe that representation and voting power on boards, commissions, and legislative bodies may achieve more than all the frenzy of emotions and soul. The political programmatic approach is based on the thrust that housing and economic programs must go hand in hand with political strategy. 5 Kenneth B. Clark, The Black Man in American Politics," MAR, p. 17. (Continued on page 37)

MINORITY GROUPS (Continued from page 36) Power is also an important objective of this approach. It is a special brand of power which is socio-political in nature. It is a power with no color and but is attainable by anyone who exerts the energy, leadership, and commitment required. "Power, in the social sense," one sociologist explains, "is the ability to act and to act effectively. It is the ability to control and influence people and events. Power is the ability to produce anticipated and desired results."6 Black power may be distinctive by its revolutionary rhetoric, racial chauvanissn, and emotional stimulation, while this programmatic approach to power seeks such power through careful planning and strategy. Since government is or should be in a continuous planning process to meet the varying needs of people, social change or reform can be effectuated through community action within the existing governmental structure and social order. Hierarchy of Power Whoever is trying to get a share of power must get to know the personalities and organizations which hod the power. C. Wright Mills, in his book, Power Elite, indicates that the upper, middle, and lower are the categories of power held by people and groups. He noted that some men are ordinary and have limited power, but of other men, he states that there are "some men by their decisions mightily affect the everyday worlds of ordinary men and women. For they are in command of the major hierarchies and organizations. They occupy the strategic command posts of the social structure."7 We recognize such men and groups of national wealth and prestige who occupy the upper echelon of power. But, perhaps, even more important, on a functional level are those in the middlelevel of power which include; politicians on a professional level, heads of national pressure groups, and those in the higher social classes within regions, state, and local communities. On the bottom rung of this ladder of power is the secondary leadership in the local community. This is where you will find the Black community for the most part although a few are involved on the middle level.

Organizing for Power It has been often said that Black people are "unorganized.' Nothing could be further from the truth. The black comunity is deluged with organizations. What they might mean is that the black community is not organized as a community. There are many organizations and associations but few of them have purposes of protest and improvement for the benefit of the masses or the total community fo Blacks. Most of their money, energy, and time go for the improvement of the organization and its membership. There have been many attempts at co-ordination of the groups for collective action but such attempts have generally met with failure. The other myth is the assertion that there is no Negro leadersehip. Again, this is not true. There are many individuals who have distinguished themselves are being honored almost every week. But like organizations, there are almost no effective leaders who are selfishly devoted to causes to benefit Blacks as a whole. This is not to be over critical, because many of these individuals have made valuable contributions to the total community. The better leaders in the Black community have found themselves virtually trapped in the ghetto like the masses and if they do not succumb to the lure of the suburbs, many develop into good and effective leaders. The Black community must organize itself into groups which will take positive action to effectuate change rather than to stay on the defensive. They must act rather than just react, and they must get themselves in a position to approve and support rather than veto. Characteristically, such "action" groups groups in the Black community are reactors, who, if active at all, are generally fighting everything from urban renewal to discriminatory practices with the use of boycotts and demonstrations. These techniques may be necessary as stop-gap actions, but they must be recognized for what they really are. They must not be mistaken as getting power. Even violence, in most cases, were not programmed to acquire power but to express frustration and respair. In general, organizations must become geared to acquiring those things which are sources of power such as land, primarily in investment properties: capital through sophisticated investment on a

programmed and long range basis, and finally to become a part of the decision making process dealing with social welfare and urban renewal which directly affects their lives. Community organizations must be structured in the way it seeks to act. In other words, function must come first and then the organization takes its form. "An effective civic organization in the Negro community should be like an effective organization anywhere: It should be levelheaded and hard-nosed, and should neither be starry-eyed, pious, naive, or polemical. It should be stacked and calculated to reach objectives, to carry out a well conceived program and to organize the social, political and economic resources available to improve the community and the lot of those living in it. Tangible and visible results as well as qualitative ones, must be the test of its effectiveness."8 This description is an excellent blueprint for good political organization. The object of political organizations is to win elections. Former President Johnson stated that candidates must remember that their first order of business is to get elected and their second order of business is to be re-elected. Money and votes are the things that count in politics so that fund raising, voter registration, and getting out the vote must be paramount by those who want an equal share of the political pie. For Blacks, this means the mobilization of resources within the Black Community and then coalescing with the majority group on the basis of racial self-interest, consciousness, and equality. To do different is to become just another vehicle for the man downtown. Julian Bond, state legislator of Georgia stated in a recent speech: "Initiative for black political education and organization must come from within the black community and must be sustained on a day-to-day basis." 6 Jenkins, Thomas H. "A Positive Agenda For Social Power," The Harvard Journal Of Negro Affairs, Vol 2 # 1 1968 p. 16. 7 C. Wright Mills, The Power Elite, NY Oxford Press 1956 pp.3-4. 8 Thomas Jenkins, Op Cit. p. 26.

MINORITY GROUPS (Continued from page 37) . . . This is a big time operation and calls for proper organization. It must not and cannot rely on grass roots type of operation. It must use but not depend on voluntary labor and participation. It must have a budget not less than is necessary to maintain office space and at least one full-time staff member. Grass roots or spontaneous groups often form to protest or express displeasure over conditions but are either shortlived or become established with little semblance of spontaniety or grass roots quality. This is not to say than an effective organization must not have popular and grass roots support. This is very necessary but it must also be remembered that, "People in the mass do not produce positive, systematic programs. They are constitutionally incapableâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;in the mass â&#x20AC;&#x201D;of making complex decisions . . . In concrete terms this means that the local organization must depend on a hard core of leadership to make positive decisions and to construct positive programs. But the hard core depends upon popular sanctions to implement the programs."9 On a practical basis a good organization must rely on a "hard core" of members who make up the officers and executive board. The general membership should be given the opportunity to work on committees and voting on broad issues. Finally the group must evaluate itself continuously and periodically in terms of its validity, or to what extent it is effective in affecting change and getting a share of the political power by continually getting its qualified members elected and re-elected. Let me say a final word about the power of the press and other mass media. To the extent that the mass media remains a neutral instrument of power it can be very helpful. However the mass medial is constantly being the object of control by those who wish to control society. To get publicity to Black people is extremely important and must be utilized fully. Bayard Rustin in several of his essays has contended that the greatest hope for Blacks to get power is through labor and the ballot box. Specifically, he maintains that it is through the Democratic 38

Party and the Labor movement "which offer the greatest leverage to the Black struggle.'10 He contends that the Democratic Party is essential because it is the sole massbased political organization in the country that has the potential to become a majority movement for progressive social reform." Rustin states further that "the trade union movement is essential to the black struggle because it is the only institution in society capable of organizing the working poor, so many of whom are Negroes"11 There is no doubt that both of these institutions have engaged in legislative and other reforms in the fields of employment, education, and health which can be very helpful to the poor, both black and white. There is much hope for a coalition not only of labor and the Democratic Party, but of greater importance, a coalition of low and moderate income Blacks and whites, not out of love and affection but of self interest. Such a coalition of the ballot box and labor holds great promise for the masses. If such a coalition could be so effective in defeating the Supreme Court nomination of Haynesworth and Carswell, it can be more effective than a host of programs of Black Capitalism which can cause a class war and hostility that will tear our society into pieces. I conclude with the reiteration that most Blacks and other minority groups are plagued with the lack of power, the lack of real progress, and a great sense of hopelessness and uncertainty. Among the Black middle class, a sense of militancy is becoming quite evident, and they are developing a new and vital interest in politics. While there are differences and divisions in the Black community, politics and the political structure may offer the best and only real opportunity for the Black middle class and the masses to work together for some common and identifiable goals. The middle class may be preoccupied with open occupancy in housing while the mass of Blacks may not share this enthusiasm. They may not be prepared to take advantage of, or find any real gratification of such housing as a symbol of opportunity. Although many may desire better housing, they may be reluctant to leave for the suburbs as the rising middle class of Blacks.

There is hope that on the issue of housing may come a coaliion of all segments of the Black population and of the whites who, too, are in favor of good housing suburban or urban. After all, a real "open society" means that Blacks as well as whites may make choices about where they want to live, and not at the expense of forfeiting equal opportunity for good housing, employment, and critical city services for which they are taxed. A final word about those of us who are elected and who are Black. Kenneth Clark, said it well in a recent speech: "At this demanding, put-or-shut-up stage of the civil rights struggle the Negro political official will be required to prepare himself to bear the additional burdens of helping America to save itself from its past racial and urban mistakes and helping to develop new and higher standards of political morality and performance. The challange may be difficult, but it is unavoidable." 12 It may well be that racial minorities in our country may be the salvation of politics and the power structure, and even more, America itself. 9 Ibid., p. 27. 10 Rustin Bayard, The Failure of Black Separatism; Reprint â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Harpers Magazine. January 1969 by A Philip Randalph ???????? 11 Rustin Bayard, " The Failure of Black Separatism; 1970 12 Kenneth B. Clark, op. cit, P. 17.

Beta Theta Lambda

Brother Bradley Named to President's Council

Chapter

on Physical Fitness and Sports

The following officers were elected for the 1970-1971 year: President — Brother J. M. Schooler. Vice President —- Brother Roamless Hudson, Jr. Secretary — Brother David L. Coppedge. Assistant Sec'y — Brother C. B. Nixon. Treasurer — Brother A. P. Dumas Chaplain — Brother E. T. Browne. Editor to the Sphinx — Brother Ross E. Townes. Brothers Coppedge and Hudson will be studying at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill this year. Brother Coppedge will be entering the Medical School, and Brother Hudson will be working toward the doctorate in Chemistry. Reverend Brother Philip R. Cousins, minister at Saint Joseph's AME Church, is a member of the Durham Human Relations Commission. Brother A. J. H. Clements, III, while not a member, is a very local and challenging visitor to the meetings of the Commission. Brother James C. Black has changed positions from Barber Scotia College to Saint Augustine's College in Raleigh where he will serve as Director of Freshmen Studies. Beta Theta Lambda looks forward to his active participation this year. Brother Reverend E. T. Browne, minister at Mount Vernon Baptist Church, attended the World Baptist Alliance in Tokyo, Japan July 12-30. It is hoped that he will share this experience with the membership in the near future. Brother J. M. Schooler has retired from the Durham Public School System after serving more than thirty years as a teacher and administrator. The local papers spoke very highly of this distinguished educator, and the chapter joins public expression WELL DONE Brother Schooler. Brother Ross E. Townes North Carolina Central University Durham, North Carolina 27707

Brother William B. Bradley Western Illinois University Professor, (second from right) has been named to President Richard Nixon's 75 Man Council on Physical Fitness and Sports. He is shown here, from left .with WIU President John T. Bernhard; C. Carson Conrad, Executive Director of the Council; and Dr. Ann Lamb, Acting Dean of the WIU College of Health, Physical Education and Recreation. They met on the WIU campus to discuss Dr. Bradley's involvement on the Council which met November 9 in Washington, D.C.

Alpha Phi Alpha Education Foundation Appointments Regional Education Directors Eastern: WiUiam Ross 5437 Westminister, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Southern: William Smith P.O. Box 818, Tuskegee Institute Tuskegee, Alabama Midwestern: Montague Oliver 1111 East 19th Avenue, Gary, Indiana Southwestern: Thomas E. Patterson 6200 Shirley Avenue Little Rock, Arkansas Western: Jesse Sterling 3501 Knollcrest, Los Angeles, California 90043

COMMITTEES FOR 1970-71 Budget and Finance: Weiss*, and Young, Bellow Constitution Richards,* Hatchett, and Young Foundation Programs: Ross,* Richards, and Cotman Fraternity Programs: Sterling,* Ross, Oliver Scholarship: Oliver,* Sterling, Bellow, Cotman * Chairman of Committee The Chairman of the Board of Directors is ex-officio member of all committees. 39

IN HALLOWED HALLS (Continued from page 2) (4) The opportunity for contemplation and reflection, amid the comfort of Hamilton Hall (where tributes are everywhere in evidence to the memory of patriots Past and .present) provided by Fellow-Americans who care about our heritage of Freedom;

OMEGA CHAPTER Funeral services were held at the Beecher Memorial United Church of Christ for Dr. George Bracy Talbert, prominent dental surgeon and civic leader. Brother Talbert died unexpectedly at his home. He was 73. A graduate of Dillard University and the Meharry Medical College School of Dentistry in Nashville, Tenn., Dr. Talbert had been cited for his contributions to the scholarship funds of the two schools. Brother Talbert was a 32nd degree Prince Hall Mason and belonged to the Mt. Olive Lodge No. 21, a member of Eureka Consistory No. 7, Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite of Freemasonry, and Platte Temple No. 15, Ancient Egyptian Order Nobles Mystic Shrine. He was active in several professional organizations and was also a member of the city Urban League, the NAACP, and the Dryades Street Y. Officiating at the service was the Rev. C. Bruce Goudeaux.

/PL

(5) The joy of study at leisure in four libraries: The Sears-concerning our Economic System; the Carver about Black Americans' Contributions to our Society; the Hoover-regarding Communism, as the major threat to our system and what that threat entails; the Spirit of '76-Feinstoneon the United States Constitution, the Declaration of Independence and momentos of freedom. Tour the Foundation with me: (1) The spacious lobby and lounge, where gracious, knowledgable guides greet you, welcome you and invite you to see the facilities, especially the flags of all the States; (2) See the award-winning display, exhibits, the awards, the audio-visual records (preserved for immediate viewing and listening, or for posterity) of events, and episodes of fellow-Americans, of all ages, regarding what makes ours the vibrant, memorable society of free men and women that it is;

OMEGA CHAPTER

NOTICE

Name of deceased Brother^ Chapter

Date of Death_

Address City and State Name of Sendee

Zone. Address

Enclose Glossy Photograph of the Deceased. Mail to: Editor of Sphinx, 4728 Drexel Blvd., Chicago, Illinois 60615

(3) Talk to the individuals around the Foundation and catch the contagious enthusiasm of their love of country, and the willingness to share their knowledge with interested persons; (4) Converse with fellow-teachers who are Students now, and sense the similarity of hopes and anxieties besetting the future citizens and leaders â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Our students; (5) Pause in the Chapel, sense in this Citadel that the strength of our system is a reliance upon Divine inspiration; A. See Independence Garden: Explore the grounds of the Foundation. B. See the Credo â&#x20AC;&#x201D; remember this is hallowed ground, where men went from privation and pain to establish the Nation that we know. C. See Patriots' Path. D. See the Congressional Medal of Honor Grove, where each State's Honored Heroes are being memoralized. Visit the Henry Knox Archives Building, and learn of these honored men! The full potential of this great land of ours is still being realized. The pattern of our mutual dreams of individual freedom, under a Government of Law, is still being woven. The Writer herewith acknowledges his appreciation for the courtesies, opportunities, privileges and satisfactions to the many people responsible for a productive, rewarding, and enjoyable summer. He dares to say thank you, on behalf of the one hundred and fifty fellow teachers, to the individuals and foundations who made possible this deeper appreciation of the Heritage of Freedom! These are the thoughts we reflect upon in these hallowed halls! This is Freedoms Foundation, at Valley Forge, Pennsylvania!

WE HAVE

uplifl'n SOLUTIONS TO EVERYDA Y PROBLEMS. In this instance, we've just removed a traffic-snarling casualty from a crowded expressway. Now, we'll concede that this might be considered a relatively modest contribution towards improving the human environment. B u t . . . this same Sikorsky® helicopter could have been effecting a rescue mission off a wallowing tanker in a North Sea gale. It could have been airlifting food and supplies to starving villagers in flood-ravaged Tunisia . . . or transporting equipment for on-the-spot control of off-shore oil pollution. Obviously, what we're pointing out is the impressive record and adaptability of our helicopters in solving important human problems. There's much more to come in our world of exciting, advanced VTOL aircraft systems'. For example, Heavy-Lift Skycranes® and Tilt-Rotor Transports. And just around the corner are our High-Speed Commercial Transports—designed to ease short-haul mass-transportation headaches. Does this kind of engineering attitude stir your sense of responsibility and imagination? Then you should talk careers with us. There's ample opportunity for innovation in: aerodynamics • human factors engineering • automatic controls • structures engineering • weight prediction • systems analysis • operations research • reliability/ maintainability engineering • autonavigation systems • computer technology . . . and more. And your career advancement can be accelerated through our corporation-financed Graduate Study Programs—available at many outstanding schools within our area. Consult your College Placement Office for campus interview dates—or—write to Mr. Leo J. Shalvoy, Professional and Technical Employment.

Sikorsky Aircraft u DIVISION OF UNITED AIRCRAFT CORPORATION

STRATFORD, CONNECTICUT 06602 An Equal Opportunity Employer

The Sphinx 4432 Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Drive Chicago, Illinois 60653

Second Class Postage Paid Chicago, Illinois

Return Requested

"THE OLD WARRIOR" Brother William Levi Dawson OMEGA CHAPTER November 9,1970