The SPHINX | Summer 1999 | Volume 84 | Number 2 199908402

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Summer 1999 Volume 84 • Number 2

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LIMlMli 1UL W O T t!L ALPHA PHI ALPHA CONTINUES ITS LEGACY OF LEADERSHIP IN HIGHER EDUCATION INTO THE NEXT MILLENNIUM V l ^ C *

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MAS CHOSEN THE PERFECT PEACE FOR A SUMMER CONVENTION AND VACATION.

T H E EIGHTH LARGEST CITY IN THF UNITED STATES,

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IS THE ENTERTAINMENT AND CULTURAL CENTER OF THE

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AND D A L L A S HAS EVEN MORE RESTAURANTS PER CAPITA THAN EVEN NEW YORK ClTY.

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ALPHA PHI ALPHA CONVENES FOR ITS 1999 GENERAL CONVENTION ALPHA PHI ALPHA FRATERNITY, INC. 93R,) ANNIVERSARY CONVENTION

^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ H ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ _ WYNDHAM ANATOLE HOTEL

— 8 3 R D GENERAL CONVENTION

29 AUGUST 2,

• 2201 STEMMONS FREEWAY • DALLAS, TEXAS 75207

REGISTRATION MATERIALS FOR THE CONVENTION L

AAA TRAVEL AGENCY

ISSUE ^ ^ ^

THE TRAVEL AGENT FOR THE ALPHA PHI ALPHA FRATERNITY, INC. CORPORATE HEADQUARTERS FOR TRAVEL ARRANGEMENTS CALL: (877) 291

8785 OR (877) 583 8785

Raymond W. Cannon Organizing Editor 1 leni-y Lake Dickason Organizing General President

TENTS SUMMER 1999 • VOLUME 84 • NUMBER 2

Official Organ of the Alpka Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc. Seaton J. Wnite^ III Editor-in-Chief Thomas D . Pawley, III Contributing Columnist Harry B . Dunhar Contributing Columnist Darryl R. M a t t k ews, or.

Consulting Editor Latifa Howard Editorial Assistant Brian A . Colella Design and Layout

Editorial Off ice: The SPHINX™ Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc. 2 3 1 3 St. Paul Street Baltimore, MD 21218-5234 Phone: (410) 554-0040 Fax: (410) 554-0054 Deadlines for editorial submissions are as follows: Spring Issue - December 1 Summer Issue - March 1 Fall Issue - June 1 Winter Issue - September 1 For advertisement display rates and other ad information contact: Editor of The SPHINX1" Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc. 2 3 1 3 St. Paul Street Baltimore, MD 21218-5234 Phone: (410) 554-0040 Fax: (410) 554-0054 Alpha Phi Alpha Web Page Address http://www.apal906.org

EDITOR'S LETTER READERS' LETTERS GENERAL PRESIDENT'S LETTER EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR'S LETTER CONTRIBUTORS 15 COVER STORY Impacting the Destiny of African-Americans

By Brother William B. DeLauder 19 EDUCATION FEATURE Fraternity Influence on African-American Academies

By Brother Joseph T. Durham 23 EDUCATION FEATURE Safeguarding HBCUs and Af rican-American Educational Gai ains

By Brother Charles Sydnor III 27 D I S T I N G U I S H E D COLLEGIANS 31 FEATURE STORY Brothers Honored with U . S . Postage Stamps

By Brother F. Romall Smalls 35 V I S I O N 2 0 0 0 The Alpha University: Facing the Challenges of the New Millennium

By Brother Phillip L. Jackson Alpha University: Ah gning Training and Development Practices with Business Needs and Strategies

By Brother Zollie Stevenson, Jr. Y2K: Ready, Set, G o . . .

By Brother Andre R. Wath ms Suggested Sites for MLK, Jr. National Memorial Under Review

By Brother Vic Carter World Policy Council to Present Second Report at Dallas Convention Historical Commission to Begin Work on Volume II History Brother Robert L. Harris, Jr. Named Fraternity Historian 49 85™ A N N I V E R S A R Y The Origins of The Sphinx™ Magazine From the Pens of the Former Editors Chronology 67 HISTORICAL M O M E N T The Foundation Publishers

By Brother Thomas D. Pawley, III

SPECIAL FEATURE Blacks in the Bible ana in Biblical Lands

By Brother Cain H o p e Felder ALPHA O N THE MOVE Brother Steve Bulloch Takes Helm or American Red Cross 77 ALPHA O N THE MOVE Brother Walter Bauldrick Selected to Stave Off Oil Industry Y2K Problems 79 FEATURE ARTICLES Brother Dennis Archer Elected Co-Chair or Democratic Party N A A C P Freedom F u n d Award Given to Brother Clifford Hardwick Brother Bernard Fielding's Portrait H u n g in Prohate Court New Jersey's Oldest Living Fraternity Brother

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Fraternity's First 50-Year Life Member Honored

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Brother Robert Cocroft Ranked Brigadier General M u M u Lambda Sets the Pace For Success

By Brothers Roderick W. Pugh,

IHi K N A M M I K 1 . . , , ; „ , . coNTiNuis-. S r h l l ' X

Jadonal E . Ford and Roy A . Jones, Jr. College Days, Goodwill and African-American Family Businesses

By Brother J o n a t h a n C. Augustine 87 BOOK REVIEWS Our Kind Of People

i^MP^HHWI

Reviewed By Brother Harry B. D u n b a r Beating the Odds Reviewed By Brother Ralph Reckley, Sr. 91

CHAPTER NEWS

101

OMEGA CHAPTER

107

CORPORATE DIRECTORY

109

CHAPTER DIRECTORY

ON THE COVERS: See Page 56

POSTAL I N F O R M A T I O N The SPHINX™ (USPS 510-440) is published quarterly for $30 a year by Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc.", 2313 St. Paul Street, Baltimore, MD 212185234 Periodical postage paid at Baltimore. MD and additional mailing offices. Postmaster: send address changes to The SPHINX™, 2313 St. Paul Street, Baltimore, MD 21218-5234.

The SPHINX™ is the official magazine of the Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity. Inc." Send all editorial mail and changes of address to Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc. ® The Fraternity assumes no responsibility for return of unsolicited manuscripts or art. Opinions expressed in columns and articles do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc."' Use of any person's name in fiction, semi-fiction, articles or humorous features is to be regarded as a coincidence and not as the responsibility of The SPHINX™, and is never done knowingly. Copyright 1999 Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Reproduction, or use without permission, of the editorial or pictorial content of the magazine in any manner is prohibited. The SPHINX™ has been published continuously since 1914. Organizing Editor: Brother Raymond W. Cannon.

Organizing General President: Brother Henry Lake Dickason.

JOHNSON

PUBLISHING

COMPANY,

INC

8 2 0 South Michigan Avenue • C h i c a g o , III inois 6 0 6 0 5 • (312) 3 2 2 - 9 2 2 0 JOHN H. J O H N S O N PUBLISHER, CHAIRMAN AND

CEO

Dear Brother White:

Please accept my heartfelt congratulations on this th monumental occasion of the 85 Anniversary of the SPHINX Magazine.

This is an exceptional milestone to be celebrated by all brothers of the Alpha Phi Alpha fraternity.

As a publisher I have always appreciated the pivotal role that The SPHINX has played in presenting its unique insight into those issues and persons that impact Alpha Phi Alpha and the entire African-American community.

Best wishes for 85 more years of success as you blaze new trails documenting our history now and in the new millennium.

''JO&ifah John H. Johnson Mr. Seaton J. White, III Editor -in-Chief The SPHINX 2313 Saint Paul Street Baltimore, Maryland 21218

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THE SPHINX™ SUMMER 1999

EDIT

EDITOR'S LETTER

THIS IS THE WORD THAT WE'VE BEEN WAITING FOR s a first year student at Wesley Theological Seminary in Washington, D.C., I vividly remember the excitement that Howard University School of Divinity Professor Cain Hope Felder created when he first came onto Wesley's campus to deliver the Convocation Address.

The semester was a little more than a month old and already some of the greatest orators and preachers of the day had come to Wesley to impart some knowledge to the developing theologians. It was clear at the start that the seminary experience was designed to expose students to some of the best research, scholarship and inspiration that existed concerning the Bible and theological thought.

Still, with all the other biblical authority available to the campus, Brother Reverend Dr. Felder's presence generated something extra. He had served as General Editor for Stony the Road We Trod, a collection of writings from some of the country's most outstanding modern-day African-American biblical scholars. The book was being used as a resource at Wesley and at seminaries around the country. The Professor of New Testament Languages and Literature also was preparing to release The Original African Heritage Study Bible: King James Version, 3rd printing, where he served as General Editor.

He was one of the preeminent authorities on Africans in the Bible and students and faculty at Wesley crowded into the school's chapel, using every inch of sitting and standing space available to them, to hear the message. His words were explosive, his research thorough, and his scholarship sound. He presented the solid facts about African biblical heritage that many had waited long to hear.

I reminded Brother Felder about his visit to Wesley and his convocation address when again I saw him a few years later—this time after he had delivered the Sunday morning sermon as guest preacher at a Baltimore church. I invited him to prepare an article for The Sphinx™ and to share his insight on Africans in the Bible. The time for that article has now come. A brief sampling of Brother Felder's research on the topic is presented in his Special Feature entitled "Blacks in the Bible and in Biblical Lands" that begins on page 69.

The living previous Editors-in-Chief of The Sphinx™ also have been invited to share their perspectives on the eras in which they served in this 85th Edition magazine. Brother C. Anderson Davis, George M. Daniels, J. Herbert King, Charles F. Robinson, III and J.J. Johnson, III each help construct the chapters of The Sphinx™ magazine's history in special columns from their unique perspective. Brother C. Anderson Davis, who was ill at the time of the magazine's publishing, has offered us one of his previous writings that captures the era of his editorship.

The first Editor of The Sphinx™, Brother Raymond W. Cannon, takes us back to the magazine's formation in a reprint of his column from the Golden Jubilee Edition magazine. Also, the 85th Anniversary Edition has attempted to capture the history of the African-American community's oldest fraternal magazine using some of the famous covers and photos that have appeared in the publication over the years.

A look at Alpha Phi Alpha's involvement in uplifting the educational levels of the African-American community—which has been a major focus of the Fraternity since its founding—also is presented in this second installment of our 85th Anniversary Series. Delaware State University President Brother Dr. William B. DeLauder leads our educational coverage in his feature that looks at the Fraternity's impact on higher education. His article begins on page 15.

Some of the brightest and most talented leaders on school campuses today take their turn being featured as Distinguished Collegians in the special edition. I hope you will find these and the other stories in the magazine both enjoyable reading and enlightening as we continue a tradition of publishing excellence that began in 1914 when the first Sphinx™ rolled off the presses.

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READERS' LETTERS

SUMMER 1999 VOLUME 84 • NUMBER 2

GENERAL O F F I C E R S Ad" n a n L. Wallace General President

Milton C. Davis Immediate Past General President Ronald L. A n d e r s o n Executive Director

George N . Reaves General Treasurer

Frank A. Jenkins III Comptroller

Harry E. Johnson, Sr. General Counsel

Al F. Rutherf ora Director-General Conventions

Kenneth Jordan Parliamentarian

FOUNDERS Henry A r t h u r Callis Charles Henry C h a p m a n Eugene Kinckle Jones George Biddle Kelley Nathaniel Allison Murray Robert Harold Ogle Vertner Woodson Tandy CORPORATE H E A D Q U A R T E R S Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc. 2 3 1 3 S t . Paul Street Baltimore, M D 2 1 2 1 8 - 5 2 3 4 P h o n e : (410) 5 5 4 - 0 0 4 0 Fax: (410) 5 5 4 - 0 0 5 4 To change a mailing address: Send both the new and old address to: Membership D e p a r t m e n t Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc. 2 3 1 3 S t . Paul Street Baltimore, M D 2 1 2 1 8 - 5 2 3 4 Alpha P h i Alpha Weh Page Add ress: http://www.apal906.org

Memory of Illustrious Brothers Evoked by The Sphinx™ Edition Congratulations on the (Spring 1999) issue of The Sphinx™. You've made great progress in updating our "official organ" not only in terms of its layout and graphics, but in the substantive messages carried through articles and research of Brothers throughout the nation.

I was particularly pleased that you paid homage to your illustrious predecessors as Editorin-Chief. As a high school student in Memphis, Tennessee (1947-1951), I was fortunate to work for Brother Lewis 0. Swingler as a copy boy and editorial assistant while he was Editor of the Memphis World and later the Tri-State Defender. In the 14-year span from 1936 to 1950, Brother Swingler served 11 vears as $tozx™Editor-In-Chief. When one day he found me going through his cache of old Sphinx™ magazines stored in the building's basement, he sat me down for the first of many talks about Alpha Phi Alpha's history and the accomplishments of its many Brothers. Suffice it to say, when I matriculated to Central State University, Wilberforce, Ohio', there was no question which way I was headed.

As luck for me would have it, Brother Dr. Charles H. Wesley was at that time, the President of Central State, and Brother Dr. Howard H. Long was Dean of the College. Both of these imminent scholars and historians as well as Brother Dr. Milton Wright at Wilberforce University served as informal mentors and advisors to me during my college years. In addition, Brother Wesley had recruited Brother Dr. William H. Barnes from Manassas, Virginia to come to CSU to serve as campus minister, counselor and sociology professor. I developed a close relationship with Brother Barnes who was my spiritual advisor at that time. Many years later, after I moved to northern Virginia, I learned that Dr. Barnes had had a long and distinguished career as an educator and administrator in northern Virginia before he came to Central State. I was fortunate to be reunited with Brother Barnes in 1975 when he, I and 18 other Brothers chartered Zeta Upsilon Lambda Chapter in Reston, Virginia.

It is the memory of such Brothers as Swingler, Wesley, Long, Barnes and Wright that was evoked by your latest edition. Keep up the good work.

Fraternally, Brother Roosevelt Jones Fairfax, Virginia

Jewel Eugene Kinckle Jones Would Be Pleased The (Spring 1999) volume of The Sphinx™ is indeed an excellent "African-American History Edition." It is a marvelous treasure for the Fraternity and the Brotherhood. All the essays were well done and continue with Alpha's tradition of excellence. No small wonder!

The essay "Jewel Eugene Kinckle Jones & the Development of Early African-American Social Work," that I submitted, more than exceeds my initial expectations. It was well edited and beautifully fonnatted. The photo of Brother Jones was most appropriate. Once again, I am proud to be a member of Alpha Phi Alpha and I believe that Brother Jewel Jones would be extremely pleased with our works.

I extend to you and the national office every accolade.

Fraternally, Brother Felix L. Armfield, Ph.D. Western Illinois University

THE SPHINX™ SUMMER 1999

READERS' LETTERS A Fitting Tribute to the Fraternity's Legacy I congratulate you on the publication of the African-American History Edition of The Sphinx™. This edition is a fitting tribute to the Fraternity's legacy of scholarship and service. The huge task of compiling all of this information is evident in the outstanding quality of the final product. Thank you for your editorial assistance in my article "Alpha Phi Alpha Turns on the Light for a New Generation or Social Scientists." I am indeed grateful for your efforts to make this idea a reality.

Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity can take great pride in the outstanding publications you continue to produce. I am honored to have worked with you in the preparation of this edition and look forward to future opportunities to collaborate. Best wishes for your continued success and productivity.

Fraternally yours, Brother Waldo E.Johnson, Jr., Ph.D. The University of Chicago The School of Social Service Administration

Our Society is Better Because of the Brotherhood The Spring 1999 edition of The Sphinx™ magazine is a superb and extraordinary piece of work which exemplifies the noble history and tradition of our great Fraternity. Suffice it to say, our society and people of color are better and our vision is clearer because of the tremendous achievement of our Brotherhood—past and present. This edition is without a doubt, class!

Fraternally, George L. Mims Xi Psi Lambda Chapter Life Member No. 5287 Heartiest Congratulations Heartiest Congratulations on the African-American History Edition of The Sphinx™. I think it is tremendous.

Fraternally, Brother Huel D. Perkins Baton Rouge, Louisiana The Sphinx at Giza— Its True Name was called Her-Em-Ahket I had an opportunity to read an article written in the Spring 1998 Edition of The Sphinx™ magazine. The article was under the Historical Moment section, regarding the history of The Sphinx at Giza.

I would like to shed some more Light on the dark areas of this matter. First, the Sphinx as it was stated was a nomenclature given by the Greeks which means "Strangler" based on the myth of Oedipus. The Arabs called it Abu-Hoi, which means "Father of Terrors." This was based on what the Greeks totally distorted, however, its true name is called Her-Em-Ahket, which means "Heru on the Horizon." This name is Kemetic (Egyptian) and has a greater significance. The Sphinx represents the battle between Heru the Son of Ausar (Osiris) and his uncle Set over the throne. Heru is the personification of good, knowledge and light and Set is the personification of evil, ignorance and darkness. Heru vanquishes Set and claims the throne and, as well, avenges the death of his father. Her-Em-Ahket is situated due East and West so that the Sun, rising in the East, shines in brilliant Light upon the face of Her-Em-Ahket. The head represents the divine state of man and the lion body represents man's beastly nature. With both joined, man continues to struggle for that divine state of existence over the beast by turning to the Light, which represents good, knowledge and truth. This same ideology you express within your Fraternity's Crest. This I hope has been of some interest to you.

Hotep (Peace), Ausar Neter

85'" ANNIVERSARY EDITION

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PRESIDENT'S LETTER

"THE SUBSTANCE OF THINGS HOPED FOR..."

"Now Faith is the substance

of things hoped for, the evidence

of things not seen."

(Hebrews 11:1)

The Faith of our Founders in their own abilities and their Faith in each other made Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc. a living reality. Their Faith said that the time was indeed right for an African-American Greek-letter organization. It was a Faith that insisted that simply because a thing had never been done before did not mean the thing was impossible to do. Theirs was a Faith that gave birth not only to an organization but also to a movement—a movement that was the progenitor of other groups.

Alpha Phi Alpha is gifted with a strong and unshakable Faith. Ours is a Faith borne out of a belief that we serve a higher purpose... a Faith which bespeaks our unique role in uplifting humanity.. .a Faith that understands the value of service before self, and that Alpha's greatest interest lies outside of itself.

For us challenges are viewed as opportunities. Challenges force us to grow and prevent complacency. Faith provides the fuel for perseverance.

A single blow does not fell the tree, nor is the race given to the swift. We convert ideas into reality. We see beyond sight and believe beyond knowing.

Mediocrity has no place in Alpha Phi Alpha. Alpha is never satisfied with good enough because good enough is never good enough. Alpha requires, indeed demands, excellence and quality. This is the Alpha Spirit.

"The chief significance of Alpha Phi Alpha lies in its purpose to stimulate, develop and cement an intelligent, trained leadership in the unending fight for freedom, equality and fraternity. Our task is endless. Our activity is limited only by our courage and our capacities."

Henry Arthur Callis The Ancient Egyptians had their Mystery System in which knowledge was imparted to the novitiates. The greatest asset that any organization possesses is its membership. As individuals our greatest asset is our reasoning mind. Our Founders understood the necessity of cultivating our minds.

Thus, scholastic achievement and preparation for the future are concepts held high by Alpha Phi Alpha. The Alpha University—a university without boundaries—is designed as a training and development facility. Established at the national and regional levels of the Fraternity, The Alpha University is the Fraternity's response to some of the challenges of the next century.

The truest manifestation of Faith is in its works. As I travel the length and breath of our beloved Fraternity, I continuously witness examples of Alpha Phi Alpha's vitality and the profound impact the organization has on our communities. The Brothers of Alpha Delta Chapter at the University of Southern California are clearly on an upward trek with their campus leadership, as are the members of Eta Tau Lambda Chapter in Akron, Onio with their expansive and ongoing housing projects. Mu Mu Lambda Chapter in the Chicago area has awarded more than $300,000 in scholarships in less than 20 years. Their youth program, wnich culminates with their annual Beautillion, is one of the most elegant presentations to be seen anywhere, which showcases the best of our young African-American males. The program rivals productions on the Broadway stage. It must be seen in person for one to fully appreciate its meaning. Omicron Lambda Chapter in Birmingham, Alabama annually presents their firstclass Founders Day Program, which highlights the chapter's community service commitment. Internationally, Theta Theta Lambda Chapter in Germany is admirably the standard bearer in the European Theater of operation with a full portfolio of Fraternity programs. The Virgin Islands have welcomed two newly chartered chapters into the House of Alpha. The aforementioned is a very small sampling of the tremendous work being done by many, many of our chapters.

The Fraternity's Historical Commission will soon begin the daunting task of compiling various aspects of our illustrious history as we make special preparations for Alpha Phi Alpha's centennial celebration. Also, the Alpha Phi Alpha World Policy Council soon will release its second report, looking at the issues of concern to the Fraternity, our community and the nation.

Alpha Phi Alpha is indeed vibrant and well positioned for the 21st century. Our Faith is revealed in our work and in our preparation for the future. This is the substance of things hoped for that is spoken about in Hebrews. Things not yet seen, we know, will one day be evidenced.

4&^.&J30^ ADRIAN L. WALLACE General President 85* ANNIVERSARY EDITION

ANDREW YOUNG

May 12,1999

Mr.

Seaton White III Editor in Chief Alpha Phi Alpha, Inc. Corporate Headquarters

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Dear Brothers and Friends, I bring you greetings from the Corporate Headquarters staff of our dear Fraternity!

The current issue of The Sphinx™ is very special. It represents the 85th Anniversary Edition of our excellent and beloved magazine. The Sphinx™ is the oldest magazine of all the African-American fraternal groups and is the nation's second-oldest AfricanAmerican magazine. Under a succession of outstanding editors, the content, quality and historic value of The Sphinx™ has continued to grow. Let us all take the opportunity to salute The Sphinx™ on its 85th anniversary.

The Summer 1999 edition of The Sphinx™ magazine focuses on the role of the Fraternity in helping to prepare Brothers for career success, leadership and service as we move to the 21st century and beyond. Alpha University, the Fraternity's training-design strategy for providing personal and professional development to our Brothers, is presented in two articles that focus on its conceptual/philosophical basis as well as course offerings, learning tracks and practical perspectives. Alpha University embodies the Fraternity's commitment to professional development of Brothers. Alpha University exemplifies a historic new phase as we continue to strive Onward and Upward Towards the Light!

Brother Vic Carter, Public Relations Chairman for the Martin Luther King, Jr. National Memorial Project, brings us up to date on the latest developments involving the project in his article in this Sphinx™ edition. More exciting developments in the MLK Project will be announced at the 1999 General Convention in Dallas.

On another front, I take this opportunity to thank Brothers all over Alphadom for their recent participation in WalkAmerica, the March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation's largest annual fundraiser. Brother Oatice Thomas, our National Team Captain for WalkAmerica, has reported that the number of telephone calls and e-mails regarding WalkAmerica during 1999 far exceeded the communication he received from Brothers in 1998. Though results will not be available for several months, I believe that our contributions to this worthy cause will increase beyond the record that we achieved in 1998. With the March of Dimes, we are Saving Babies Together.

The 93rd Anniversary Convention is just a few weeks away. Brothers in Dallas have put together an outstanding program of activities for Brothers, with a host of special activities that have been lined up for College Brothers. Ladies and youth will get to experience a variety of tourist attractions and amusements in the Dallas area. Project Alpha and Alpha University will be highlighted activities during the General Convention. A Voter Registration campaign will be launched in preparation for the 2000 national elections.

The 1999 General Convention in Dallas is the place to be. Please refer to the Alpha Spirit Newsletter mailed to you this Spring and the registration materials inside for details about the Convention.

See you in Dallas!

RONALD L. ANDERSON Executive Director

85'" ANNIVERSARY EDITION

CONTRIBUTORSi

RIBUTORS

85TH ANNIVERSARY SPHINX™ CONTRIBUTORS USE KNOWLEDGE TO UNLOCK ONCE-CLOSED DOORS idely respected as one of the most exceptional administrators today in higher education, Delaware State University President Brother William B. DeLauder, Ph.D., shares his exceptional insight on Historically Black Colleges and Universities in his Cover Story for The Sphinx™. Dr. DeLauder discusses the Fraternity's historic role in higher education and the unique role HBCUs hold in our community in the lead feature for our special look at higher education. Brother DeLauder is a graduate of Morgan State University and received his doctorate in physical chemistry from Wayne State University. He did post-doctoral research in physical biochemistry at the Centre de Biophysique Moleculaire du C.N.R.S., Orleans-LaSource, France.

During his distinguished career, Dr. DeLauder has served as Dean of the College of Arts and Sciences and professor of chemistry at North Carolina A&T State University, among other positions. Brother DeLauder was installed as Delaware State University's eighth president on July 1,1987.

Brother Dr. Joseph T. Durham, Ufl^il 1 I who brought us insight into the community W *, I service of 11th General President Simeon S. Booker in the last Sphinx™ issue, discusses the role of Fraternity members in Negro Academies for the 85th Anniversary magazine. Brother Durham, President Emeritus of the Community College of Baltimore, recently was named to the Fraternity's Historical Commission.

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University of Maryland Law School third-year student Brother Charles Sydnor III takes an historical look at the legal fight by Fraternity members to open closed educational doors. He also examines the current struggles faced by Historically Black Colleges and Universities and searches for answers for some of the problems in his article entitled "Safeguarding HBCUs and the African-American Community's Educational Gains in the 20th Century."

Brother Dr. Ralph Reckley, Sr. rounds out our higher education coverage with his look at University of Maryland Baltimore County President Brother Dr. Freeman Hrabowski's book, Beating the Odds: Raising Academically Successful African American Males. Brother Reckley is a professor of English, African-American, and Caribbean literature at Morgan State University and a founding member and first president of the Middle Atlantic Writers Association, Inc. A graduate of Morgan State University, he received his Master of Arts degree from Howard University and doctorate from Rutgers University. His articles on major African-American writers have appeared in CIA Writers Association Journal, Outreach, the Middle Atlantic Review, Maryland Historical Magazine, mABookbird. Brother Reckley is co-author of James Baldwin: In Memoriam (1992) and the author of 20th Century Black American Women in Print.

Our Special Feature looking at Blacks in the Bible was written by Brother Cain Hope Felder, Ph.D., Professor of New Testament Language & Literature and Editor of The Journal of Religious Thought at the Howard University School of Divinity in Washington, D.C. Brother Felder has been on Howard University's faculty since 1981, having come to Washington from Princeton Theological Seminary where he taught as a member of the Department of Biblical Studies. He is an ordained elder in the Methodist Church, and pastored Grace United Methodist Church in New York City. Brother Felder received his Ph.D. in Biblical Languages and Literature from Columbia University in New York; Dip. Theology from Oxford University in England; Master of Divinity and Master of Philosophy from Union Theological Seminary in New York City; and Bachelor of Arts in Philosophy and Classics from Howard University.

Brother F. Romall Smalls looks at the seven members of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity who have been honored with U.S. Postage Stamps in his informative feature for the anniversary magazine.

An independent Journalist and Media Consultant, Brother Smalls won the New York Association of Black Journalists' 1st Place Award for Outstanding Excellence in Feature News Writing in 1998. He was nominated for the Livingston Award for Outstanding Journalists, Local Reporting in 1997 and 1998. Brother Smalls received his Bachelor of Arts in Communication Arts/Broadcast Journalism from Hofstra University in Hempstead, New York.

THE SPHINX™ SUMMER 1999

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March of Dimes

d

Saving babieL W A L K A M E R I C A

together.

The March of Dimes extends its thanks to the

Alpha P h i Alpha Fraternity, Incorporated, one of our newest national teams.

Together with 20,000 corporate teams nationwide, the Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity Inc. is a leader in the March of Dimes successful fi^ht to save babies.

Special Thanks To Our National

K

sponsors ClGNA HealthCare

Florida Orange Growers

Questions or concerns about preparing for pre-pregnancy, pregnancy or birth defects?

Contact the March of Dimes Resource Center, toll-free 888-MODIMES, or visit our web site at www.modimes.org.

COVER ST

y^~X

COVER STORY

ALPHA PHI ALPHA CONTINUES ITS

LEGACY OF LEADERSHIP IN HIGHER EDUCATION INTO THE NEXT MILLENNIUM

By Brother William B. DeLauder

Photo reprint from the February 1947 Sphinx™. Shown in this historic photo are six college and university presidents, each an Alpha Brother who served as a delegate at the Fraternity's 1946 General Convention in Columbus, Ohio. Pictured (left to right) are: Brothers H. Councill Trenholm, president of Alabama State Teachers College; Robert P. Daniel, president of Shaw University; Charles H. Wesley, president of Wilberforce University; William H. Gray, Jr., president of Florida A&M College, Karl Downs, president of Samuel Huston College; and Henry Lake Dickason, president of Bluefield State Teachers College.

hrough the years, Alpha Phi Alpha members have been leaders within society in general and in the African-American community in particular. The Fraternity's members have impacted and excelled in all aspects of life and virtually in all professional careers. One area in which Brothers have especially dominated is in the leadership of Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs). Alpha Phi Alpha has produced and continues to produce many of the leaders in higher education.

Education plays a key role in the quality of life for AfricanAmericans and Alpha Phi Alpha—since its founding in 1906—has produced men who have been leaders and at the forefront of the struggle for equality by African-Americans and people of color around the world. Alpha Phi Alpha Brothers have stood tall in their individual careers and lives and have at the same time contributed, each in his own way, to making the United States a better place for all. The role that Alpha Phi Alpha men have and continue to play in the country's HBCUs makes a compelling case for an organization that has remained true to its purpose.

T

85lb ANNIVERSARY EDITION

Members of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity such as Drs. Calvin Burnett of Coppin State College, Julius Chambers of North Carolina Central, Thomas W. Cole, Jr. of Clark-Atlanta, Norman Francis of Xavier, Edward Fort at North Carolina A&T, Ernest Hollaway of Langston, Freeman Hrabowski of the University of Maryland at Baltimore County, Frederick Humphries of Florida A&M, Thomas F. Law of St. Paul's, Julius F. Nimmons of the University of the District of Columbia, Benjamin Payton of Tuskegee, Earl Richardson of Morgan State and Albert Smith of Florida Memorial are current leaders of HBCUs across our nation. This list is not exhaustive, as there are many other Alpha Brothers who hold positions of leadership at HBCUs. The point is this is not happenstance but rather a testament to the importance Alpha Phi Alpha gives to scholarship and education.

It also is a testament to the type of men attracted to this great Fraternity. It is a testament to the fact that Alpha Brothers have risen to positions of leadership and consequently have impacted the destiny of African-Americans.

COVER STORY It also is significant that many of the Fraternity's General Presidents were presidents of an HBCU. This list includes Brothers Charles H. Wesley of Wilberforce University, Lionel H. Newsom of Central State University, T Winston Cole, Sr. of Wiley College, Walter Washington of Alcorn State University and Henry Ponder of Fisk University. It is not coincidental that many HBCU presidents have been General Presidents of Alpha Phi Alpha. HBCU presidents and chancellors traditionally have been leaders within their respective communities and throughout the nation. Unequivocally, they have provided and continue to provide visionary and uncompromising leadership in the important task of educating generations of past and future leaders. They have achieved this unequaled service to humanity under great stress and against many opposing tides. These Alpha Brothers have demonstrated their awareness of the value of HBCUs to the African-American community.

Despite the growing debates of the relevance and need for HBCUs as the 21st century approaches, the record is clear that if the role of HBCUs in educating people of color and in educating people from families with minimal resources is reduced, there will be a concomitant reduction in the progress of African-Americans in our nation. For example, African-Americans continue to trail whites in the proportion of individuals 25 and older who have completed a minimum of four years of college. In 1996, it was 13.6 percent compared to 24.3 percent for whites.1 This gap persists despite the continued productivity of HBCUs and increased numbers of AfricanAmericans attending traditionally white campuses.

To overcome this disparity, all institutions will need to increase their productivity. The loss of any HBCU will widen the enrollment gap because HBCUs are major producers of African-American college graduates. This is evidenced by the fact that 106 HBCUs (there are more than 2,100 four-year degree granting institutions in the United States) awarded 28.1 percent of all bachelor degrees, 15.1 percent of all master degrees and 17.4 percent of all first-professional degrees earned by African-Americans in 1995.2 In 1996-97, HBCUs continued to be the top producers of African-Americans with bachelor degrees in several important disciplines. In the biological, or life sciences, the top producer was an HBCU. Additionally, HBCUs comprised 26 of the top 28 producers.

In the physical sciences, HBCUs had the top twelve, 14 of the top 15, and 24 of the top 27 producers. One HBCU, Xavier University (LA), awarded twice as many degrees in the physical sciences as the combined efforts of the top four traditionally white universities. In engineering, the top producer, North Carolina A&T, awarded nearly twice as many bachelor degrees in engineering as the top traditionally white university. HBCUs had the top three of five producers.

In engineering-related technologies, HBCUs had the top two and 13 of the top 15 producers. In business management and administrative services, HBCUs had nine of the top 12 and 14 of the top 20 producers. In education, HBCUs had eight of the top nine and 16 of the top 20 producers.3 The performance of HBCUs is equally impressive in certain dis-

ciplines in graduate education. In 1996-97, the top four producers of African-Americans who earned a first professional degree in a health profession and related sciences were HBCUs. In that same period, the top two and four of the top seven producers of African-Americans with a law degree were HBCUs. In 1995-96, the top two and three of the top five producers of African-Americans with medical degrees were HBCUs.4 In view of these compelling statistics, one must face the inevitable question, "what would happen to opportunities for African-Americans in some of the most lucrative and critical areas if we were to lose the productivity of HBCUs?" There is much evidence that speaks to the quality of the work done by HBCUs. One needs only to look at the record to recognize that many of the past and present leaders of this nation have been and continue to be graduates of HBCUs. To be sure, there is a growing body of evidence to support this claim. For example, a recent study by the Educational Testing Service (ETS) of Princeton, New Jersey, documents that HBCUs do a better job than traditionally white institutions in encouraging and directing African-Americans into graduate and professional studies, especially in the areas of engineering and the natural sciences. The study further suggests that graduates of HBCUs tend to be more persistent and more successful in completing graduate study than African-American graduates of traditionally white institutions.

It is significant that enrollment at HBCUs hasrisenby 26 percent since 1976. This is clear evidence of the confidence many AfricanAmericans place in HBCUs. These institutions serve the nation in three important ways. They provide human resource development, preservation of African-American culture and traditions and service to meet the needs of the communities they seek to serve.

It is necessary to make two important points about HBCUs. First, they are not a monolith. There is as much diversity among HBCUs as exists among traditionally white institutions. There are HBCUs with highly selective admission standards and those with open admissions criteria. There are public and private institutions, secular and nonsecular, single sex and co-ed. There are some HBCUs with large enrollments, others with smaller student populations. They are linked, however, by their commitment to access, high quality, low or modest cost, and the success of their students. Second, HBCUs are, on the average, as diverse with respect to race and ethnicity, as are traditionally white institutions. In 1996, 13-3 percent of students at HBCUs were white and 18.7 percent were non-black. The faculties of HBCUs, on the average, are much more diverse than the faculties of traditionally white institutions.5 Certainly much progress has been made by African-Americans since the founding of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity. Many AfricanAmericans are prospering, but it is well known that many others are unable to enjoy the fruits that a developed and rich nation like ours offers. In most cases, education is the key to enjoying a more prosperous life.

A study by the Commission on the National Investment in THE SPHINXâ&#x201E;˘ SUMMER 1999

COVER STORY Higher Education reported that the single-most important factor in determining level of income was level of education. The report found that the salaries of men with a college education have kept pace with inflation over the past 20 years. On the other hand, men with some college education have seen a decline in real income of 14 percent. Men with only a high school diploma have lost 18 percent in real income over the past 20 years.

And finally, men who were high school dropouts have experienced a drop in real income of 25 percent.6 The study predicts that this trend will continue and that by 2015, male workers with only a high school diploma and male workers without a high school diploma will lose about 38 percent and 52 percent, respectively, of what comparable male workers earned in 1976. It is clear that the economy of the United States places a high value on a college-educated workforce.

Increasingly, higher education is essential for persons who desire to reach their full potential. As the 21st century nears, the gap between the haves and the have nots will continue to widen unless corresponding efforts are made to widen the doors of opportunity for all citizens. If this gap persists, it will place all gains in jeopardy and ultimately will affect not just African-Americans but all Americans' ability to live a life of high quality with freedom, justice and safety.

The college participation rate of African-Americans must be greatly increased or the black/white gap in salary and quality of life will widen.

Two issues in particular must be addressed.

The first issue is the need to improve K-12 education for all children. College access and success are dependent on high quality K-12 education.

Citizens and members of various communities must play a role in ensuring that K-12 education continues to improve for "all children." The second is the need to provide more financial assistance for college students. Lack of finances is a major determinant in the low persistence rates of many African-American students. The first factor affects admission to a college and the second affects access and persistence in college.

The demise in affirmative action at traditionally white institutions is a major factor in limiting access to higher education. Its affect can be minimized, however, if HBCUs accept the responsibility to do more in educating people of color.

HBCUs have an invaluable role to play in ensuring that African-Americans will always have opportunities for access and success in higher education. The men of Alpha Phi Alpha will continue to play significant roles in providing the leadership for many of our HBCUs. It is our legacy.

REFERENCES 'D.J. Wilds and R. Wilson, Minorities in Higher Education 1997-98, Sixteenth Annual Status Report, American Council on Higher Education, Washington, D.C., 1998.

2 Ibid.

3 "Top 100 Degree Producers," Black Issues in Higher Education, Vol. 15, No. 10, July 9,1998.

4 "The Top 100: Graduate and Professional Schools," Black Issues in Higher Education, Vol. 15, No. 11, July 23,1998.

5 National Association for Equal Opportunity Research Institute, Annual Fall Enrollment Surveys, 1986-1996.

6 "Breaking the Social Contract: The Fiscal Crisis in Higher Education," Report of the Commission on National Investment in Higher Education, Council for Aid to Education, 1997.

EXECUTIVE SECRETARIES AND DIRECTORS S.S. Booker General Secretary, 1909-1911

G e o r g e P. H e n t o n General Secretary, 1916-1918

Bennie D. Brown General Secretary, 1948-1952

Charles H . Garvin General Secretary, 1911-1912

S.S. Booker General Secretary, 1918-1919

J o s e p h R. F u g e t General Secretary 1912-1913

N u m a P.G. A d a m s General Secretary 19191920

James E. Huger General Secretary 1952-1958

H e n r y L. D i c k a s o n General Secretary, 1913-1914

N o r m a n L. M c G h e e General Secretary, 1920-1926

R o s c o W. R o s s General Secretary, 1914-1915

Joseph H . B . Evans General Secretary, 1926-1946

Howard H. Long General Secretary, 19151916

B u r t A. Mayherry General Secretary, 1946-1948

85'" ANNIVERSARY EDITION

Sidney A. Jones Acting General Secretary 1958 L a u r e n c e T. Y o u n g Executive Secretary 1958-1974 William H . Walker Executive Secretary 1974-1977

James B . Blanton III Executive Director 1977-1994 D a r r y l R. M a t t h ews, Br. Executive Director 1994-1996 Ralph E. Johnson

Interim Executive Director 1996-1997 Heb r e w L. D i x o n , I I I Executive Director 1997-1998 R o n a l d L. A n d e r s o n Executive Director 1998-

Little Brother Robert enjoys beating his Big Brother, Duane, at the video arcade. Duane is a graduate student at North Carolina AST University.

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EDUCATION FEATURE

ALPHAMEN AND AFRICAN-AMERICAN ACADEMIES

By Brother Joseph T. Durham

fraternity lore maintains that the college presidency r at Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) is dominated by members of Alpha Phi Alpha.

More than 20 percent of the presidencies at the 106 HBCUs are held by members of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity.1 In these positions of leadership, Alpha Brothers have had a tremendous influence on AfricanAmerican higher education.

Members of Alpha Phi Alpha also have held positions in another sector of education, namely, African-American academiesâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;a group of private schools which operated in the South.

This article will discuss three Alpha Brothers who served as chief executive officers of three different African-American academiesâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;Brother Dr. Frank A DeCosta who headed Avery Institute of Charleston, South Carolina; Brother Dr. Harold N. Stinson who headed Boggs Academy of Keysville, Georgia; and Brother Henry Louis Marshall who headed Coulter Memorial Academy of Cheraw, South Carolina.

African-American Academies in Education African American academies operating in the South after the Civil War are not well known as they should be. When one thinks about private schools in this country, the names of Phillips Exeter, Hotchkiss, Andover, and Groton came immediately to mind. With their ivy-covered buildings, the old school ties, and venerable schoolmasters, these institutions were (and in some cases, still are) the preserve of the rich and famous to which the captains of industry and the wealthy sent their scions. The alumni of these schools have become economic, social, and political leaders of the larger society.

On the other hand, there was another group of academies. They were America's "other private schools." These were black academies, which existed in the South shortly after the Civil War until well into the 20th century. These schools existed partly because public school facilities in the South for blacks were either non-existent or were

Fi

85'" ANNIVERSARY EDITION

grossly inferior. Parents who aspired to prepare their children for college enrolled them in private black academies.

Some of these schools were started and supported by religious denominations. Some were privately supported. Still others, in addition to providing grade school education or education in the common branches, also provided training for black teachers. Many of the graduates of these academies also became outstanding leaders in their respective fields and communities.

Among the foremost black academies were Mather Academy, Coulter Memorial Academy, and Avery Institute in South Carolina; Fessenden Academy in Florida, Laurinburg Institute in North Carolina, Fredericksburg Normal and Industrial Academy in Virginia and Boggs Academy of Georgia.

It has been reported that in their heyday, there were 216 private high schools in the South in 1916.2 The United States Office of Education in 1916, reported the existence of 160 schools in the South that were under Presbyterian control.3 (See the list of other African American academies.)

As previously mentioned, church groups were major founders of African-American academies. The Baptists, the Presbyterians, the Methodists as well as Quakers and Catholics lent their support to these schools. In addition, the American Missionary Association (AMA), associated with the Congregational Church, established a large number of schools.

Brother Dr. Frank A. DeCosta and Avery Institute Avery Institute in Charleston, South Carolina was founded by the American Missionary Association in 1865. Avery was an outstanding private academy and catered to the aristocratic AfricanAmerican families of Charleston. Because so many children of the black elite were educated at Avery, the school was frequently condemned for perpetuating caste and color prejudice. Nevertheless, the school did achieve prominence for the teachers it trained and for the self-help ideology and social uplift philosophy it inculcated in its graduates. The school was for many years Charleston's only institution that prepared aspiring blacks for college. Avery also played an important part in the development of a black professional class in Charleston.

Because of the social strivings of Charleston's black elite, Avery Institute and the American Missionary Association were often at log-

EDUCATION FEATURE gerheads, especially over matters of curriculum. The black elite families believed firmly in the value of a classical education. The AMA officials favored making industrial training prominent in the school. No matter how strongly the AMA pushed for industrial education, loyal Averyrites clamored for college preparatory subjects. Edmund Drago, who has written a fine histoBrother Dr. Harold X. Stinson Boggp Academy ry of Avery, says: Avery perhaps came to embody principles later associated with W.E.B. DuBois's belief that the struggle for racial equality would be waged most effectively by a "Talented Tenth," a college-trained, politically-active, and socially responsible black vanguard. Through its graduates the school exerted a profound impact on black education in the low country.4 In the midst of the tension between the advocates of the classical curriculum and those who favored industrial education, Frank A. DeCosta was appointed in 1936 to the principalship of the school.

He was the first Averyrite to be so appointed. DeCosta, a member of one of Charleston's most distinguished families, was graduated from Avery in 1927 as valedictorian of his class. He went on to Lincoln University and was graduated from there as the valedictorian of the 1931 class.

After DeCosta graduated from Lincoln, he returned to Avery to teach mathematics. He took a leave two years later and went to pursue graduate studies at Atlanta University and later at the University of Pennsylvania.

DeCosta's tenure occurred at a time when the tension between the AMA and the Avery Alumni Association was quite strong. Brother DeCosta, though very much in tune with the AMA philosophy, also believed that education should develop the whole child and that provisions should be made for community development as well. For one thing, the AMA wanted to turn Avery over to the city of Charleston, and DeCosta did not favor this move. Neither did he believe that the sole goal of education for blacks should be industrial education. However, DeCosta did establish a student cooperative store and tried to implement a progressive educational philosophy, patterned after John Dewey. When it appeared that the rift between the AMA and Avery was irreparable, DeCosta opted to return to the University of Pennsylvania to complete the requirements for the Ph.D. He left the principalship in 1941 and returned to graduate school. After earning the doctorate, DeCosta served at Talledega College in Alabama and later became the dean of the graduate school at Morgan State College in Baltimore, Maryland.

Brother Dr. Harold N. Stinson and Boggs Academy Boggs Academy, a Presbyterian school located near Keysville, Georgia, was founded in 1906 by the Rev. John Lawrence Phelps.

The school was later named Boggs Academy in honor of Mrs. Virginia P. Boggs, the corresponding secretary of the Board of Missions for Freedmen of the Presbyterian Church, who helped to secure contributions for the purchase of land and buildings for the school.

Burke County, in which Boggs is located in the early 1900s, was described as an area in which superstition and ignorance had gripped the minds of the people. Nevertheless, the Rev. Phelps became interested in establishing a rural boarding school for black children. The formative years of the school were not easy because of opposition by other religious denominations and even the blacks themselves. A Baptist deacon donated the first two acres of land and the institution began to take shape. Mrs. Boggs, in her capacity as a Presbyterian Church official, persuaded the Board of Missions to provide funds and the first buildings were erected. In time, the Academy's main site consisted of 18 acres of land and nine buildings.

The early progress of Boggs Academy emphasized elementary education, since this was the greatest need at the time of its founding. In 1912, the school graduated the first high school class and in 1942, it received full accreditation from the Southern Association of Colleges and Secondary Schools.5 Bro. Dr. Harold Stinson became the principal of Boggs Academy in 1943.

Stinson, a graduate of Johnson C. Smith University, spent 25 years as a teacher and administrator at Boggs. Under his leadership, the Southern Association accreditation was achieved, making Boggs the only four-year school in the area to achieve this rating. In 1949, the Southern Association awarded Boggs an "A" rating and the following year, the twelfth grade was added.

During the Stinson years, Boggs' activities in the community broadened. Boggs was one of six schools chosen by the State of Georgia to train agricultural teachers. New buildings were added, and renovations and expansion of existing ones were completed. An alumni association was organized and Boggs continued to provide Christian leadership for church and community groups through its campus church, Sunday school, and Westminster Fellowship. New faculty were added and student enrollment increased. Boggs was approved by the Division of Immigration and Naturalization Service for the admission of foreign students.

THE SPHINXâ&#x201E;˘ SUMMER 1999

EDUCATION FEATURE The Stinson years were extremely productive. Stinson resigned in 1967 to become president of Stillman College in Tuscaloosa, Alabama. When he left, enrollment stood at 170 students. The majority of students were boarding students of whom 62 percent were Georgians. Substantial numbers (65 percent) of the graduates of Boggs entered college following graduation. The athletic and choral organizations were outstanding.

Brother Henry Louis Marshall and Coulter Academy, Cheraw, SC Coulter Academy, another Presbyterian school in Cheraw, South Carolina, was founded in 1908 by the Rev. George Waldo Long. It was named in honor of Mrs. Caroline E. Coulter of Hanover, Indiana, the secretary of the Woman's Department of the Board of National Missions for Freedmen. After her death in 1909, the school was designated Coulter Memorial Academy.

At one time, Coulter was the only high school for blacks in Chesterfield County. Many of Cheraw's teachers completed their high school and normal school training at Coulter. Coulter has been described as one of the "crowns" in the Presbyterian system of schools.6 Brother Henry Louis Marshall was appointed chief executive (principal-superintendent) of Coulter in 1944. A native of Cheraw,

he was a graduate of Coulter and received the A.B. from Johnson C. Smith University and the M.A. from Columbia University. He did further graduate study at the University of Pennsylvania, Atlanta University and Tuskegee Institute.

Brother Marshall began his teaching career at Coulter in 1929 as an instructor in English and biology. During his administration, the academy experienced facility improvement and increases in course offerings and faculty and staff. As the community outreach of the academy broadened, an extension program was established and a veterans program in carpentry and masonry was added.

Marshall was the first and only non-clergy head of Coulter. He was, however, active as an elder in the George Waldo Long Memorial Presbyterian Church and was Clerk of Session, Sunday School superintendent and Moderator of Presbytery. He was member of the Masons and Shriners and the NAACP. He was a patron of the arts and an avid reader. He enjoyed music and was a writer. He contributed weekly observations about local community life to the Cheraw Chronicle. He wrote plays and poems. One of his plays, The Stem of Jesse, was presented by students at Coulter, and some of his poems were published in The Sphinxâ&#x201E;˘.

Two examples of his poetry:7

LEAVES FOR MY GRANDMOTHER It's been one year ago This lonely grave was made Arrayed in autumn leaves Beneath the live oak shade.

The leaves now move at will And turn too golden in the sun As in the yesterday When her life was yet unrun.

(An experiment in free verse)

Brown leaves rustling in the grass, Englessly rustling'russet and fragile; Soft zephyrs rhythmically swishing the branches of the rustic oaks; Waving the myriad-clustered leaves on the grass; Golden leaves dancing in the grassEnglessly dancingAutumnal druids prophesing The coming of winter.

Henry Louis Marshall was the last principal of Coulter Memorial Academy. The school was closed in 1949, and he became an administrator in a public school, the Long High School. Ultimately, he became dean of men at his Alma Mater, Johnson C. Smith University. Brother Marshall passed into Omega Chapter in June 1988.

85'" ANNIVERSARY EDITION

EDUCATION FEATURE CONCLUSION The academies discussed in this article have ceased to exist. Boggs Academy, by arrangement with the Presbyterian Church USA, has become Boggs Rural Life Center. Avery Institute is now the Avery Research Institute of the College of Charleston, and Coulter Memorial Academy has two buildings (a former academic hall and Brother Marshall's home) still standing. There is also a highway marker, erected through the efforts of the Coulter Alumni, which notes the existence of the school in Cheraw.

These schools, along with other African-American academies, are an important reminder of where the education of blacks has been.

Frequently underfunded by their denominations, they still survived often by the sheer dogged determination of the local pastor who started the school and by the noble efforts of the Alpha men who served as principal. These schools, especially the boarding schools, sought to take students from a barren home environment and instilled the virtues of industry, sobriety, self-control and godliness in their charges. The alumni produced are a testimony to the excellence these schools fostered. The boarding schools offered a select environment that could be replicated today. Many of today's youth, encapsulated in the pathology of the urban ghetto, could be rescued if they were placed in a different milieu. The boarding schools of yesteryear provided, around the clock, an atmosphere, which fostered excellence and responsibility. Modern educators might well consider the duplication of the wholesome atmosphere that was fostered by the academies of another era.

The Alpha men who headed the African-American academies were truly "servants of all." In each case, the school with which a DeCosta, a Stinson, or a Marshall was associated profited from their leadership and each Brother went on to provide further leadership in an institution of higher education.

A PARTIAL LIST O F B L A C K A C A D E M I E S SCHOOL

FOUNDING DATE

LOCATION

NAMED AFTER

AFFILIATION

1865 1906 1881 1905

Charleston, S.C. Keysville, GA Cheraw, S.C. Fredericksburg, VA

Rev. C. Avery Mrs. V. Boggs Caroline Coulter Location

AMA* Presbyterian Presbyterian Baptist

1903/4 1868/9 1881 1866 1872

Laurinburg, N.C. Winnsboro, S.C. Trenton, S.C. Chester, S.C. Greenwood, S.C.

Location Rev. O.W. Richardson Rev. Alexander Bettis -

Independent Presbyterian Baptist Presbyterian

AMA

1896

Rock Hill, S.C.

Bishop Isom C. Clinton

AMEZ

1887

Camden, S.C.

Rev. James Mather

Methodist Episcopal

1904

Daytona Beach, FL.

Location

Independent

Avery Institute Boggs Academy Coulter Memorial Academy Fredericksburg Normal and Industrial Institute Laurinburg Institute Fairfield Institute Bettis Academy Brainerd Institute Brewer Normal, Industrial and Agricultural Institute Clinton Normal and Industrial Institute Mather Academy (Merged with Boylan-Haven of Jacksonville, FL. 1959) Daytona Literary and Industrial School â&#x20AC;˘The

AMA (American Missionary Association) established over 150 schools in the South.

Records of some schools are at the Amistad Research Center, New Orleans, Louisiana.

1

Based on the author's informal survey.

James Anderson, The Education of Blacks in the South, 1860-1935 (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1988) 197.

3 United States Office of Education, Negro Education Bulletin 1916, nos. 38-39 (Washington: Government Printing Office) 22-26.

4 Edmund Drago,^ History of Avery Normal Institute From 1865 to 1954 (Charleston: Avery Research Institute) 5. s Boggs Academy, An Invitation to Live and Learn, 43.

6 Harvey G. Neufeldt and Leo McGee, Education of the African American Adult (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press) 18.

7 TheAtlantan (Organ, Atlantic Synod, United Presbyterian Church, USA) 4.

THE SPHINXâ&#x201E;˘ SUMMER 1999 2

EDUCATION FEATURE

HBCUs AND THE AFRICANSAFEGUARDING AMERICAN COMMUNITY'S EDUCATIONAL GAINS IN THE 20TH CENTURY

By Brother Charles Sydnor III ell documented in Alpha Phi Alpha's history is the Fraternity's persistent fight to open the doors of publicly supported colleges and universities to African-Americans.

Concerning these efforts, the History of Alpha Phi Alpha states, "In all of these educational struggles, Alpha men throughout the country were vitally interested. Moreover, they were concerned with this, not only in a moral way, but also with the social implications back of all the forces operating to affect [AfricanAmerican] life."1 In addition to the Fraternity's efforts to open educational doors at majority white institutions, Alpha Phi Alpha's history also details the organization's role in helping to safeguard and better education for African-Americans at Historically Black Colleges and Universities [HBCUs].

Today, Alpha Phi Alpha's members must be equally concerned about educational opportunities for African-Americans and about shifts in the nation's policy that slowly and incrementally reduce the opportunities for higher education for members of the race.

Over the past two decades, the nation's court systems and elected officials at all levels of government have moved to erode many of the earlier gains made by Alpha Phi Alpha and other civil rights advocates.

The erosion of gains made by African-Americans is not something new to U.S. history. There have been prior periods when the social progress made by African-Americans experienced similar deterioration.

David Gerber, an assistant professor of history at SUNY, wrote in 1974, "The late 19th and 20th century was a time of increasing racial tension. Promises of congressional Reconstruction were repeatedly broken or ignored, and the black American was sinking deeper and deeper into second-class citizenship. With the growing influence of social Darwinism on racialist thought, racial attitudes hardened throughout society; at least intellectual legitimacy seemed to have been found for the long-felt desire for the subordination of blacks."2 Today in academia, rather than Darwin, we are confronted by the racist findings of modern-day researchers such as Charles Murray, Robert Gordon and Dinesh D'Souza who argue for the intellectual inferiority of African-Americans and other non-whites.

W

85* ANNIVERSARY EDITION

Reprinted from the October 1947 Sphinxâ&#x201E;˘. Brothers Raymond W. Cannon (left) and Belford V. Lawson stand before the U.S. Supreme Court.

Brother Cannon, Past General President, former Editor of The Sphinxâ&#x201E;˘ and the Fraternity'sfirstDirector of Education, hadjust been admitted to practice before the U.S. Supreme Court when this picture was taken. General President Belford V Lawson presented Brother Cannon to the Bar. The two lawyers demonstrate the Fraternity's courageousfightfor civil rights during the period.

EDUCATION FEATURE Although integral to their discussion of African-Americans, the above mentioned researchers tend to ignore the effects of slavery on the race and the sharecropping system which succeeded in keeping blacks out of schools and on plantations. Survivors of the sharecropping system continue living today, cheated of educational opportunities that many others take for granted.

The long history of disparity in educational opportunities for African-Americans and whites really hit home for me at my college graduation in 1996 when the commencement speaker, former President George Bush, stated that we graduates were sitting in a place where our grandparents previously sat.

His words brought for me a stark reality. I realized he was not talking to me. My grandfather did not have the opportunity Mr. Bush spoke about. Instead, my grandfather worked as a sharecropper and did not continue in school past the 5th grade. He eventually left Halifax County, Virginia and moved to Maryland.

According to Gerber, "Gains that blacks had made in the 25 years since the end of the Civil War.. .were now increasingly questioned and compromised."5 My grandfather's experience was rooted in the hardening of the color line after major civil rights gains during Reconstruction.

During this short era of enlightenment, numbers of AfricanAmericans took advantage of the chance to attend predominantly white universities. My personal curiosity about the history of the schools I attended led me to the following stories.

Prior to his deanship at Howard University, African-American student Kelly Miller in the 1880s attended Johns Hopkins University graduate school. However, he was unable to graduate because of financial difficulties. As administrations changed and civil rights advocates at Hopkins retired, policies at the school also changed.

Hopkins closed its doors to African-American students and did not reopen them until the 1940s.

A similar situation occurred at the University of Maryland School of Law where I now attend. African-American students also were enrolled at the institution in the 1880s. In one case, two of the students, Charles Johnson and Harry Cummings, graduated in 1889. The year after they graduated, two other African-Americans, John Dozier and William Hawkins, enrolled. "But the University of Maryland regents—amid protest from students and the death of [civil rights proponent George] Brown [a non-teaching faculty member and former mayor of Baltimore]—decided that it was not in the interest of the school to continue to enroll blacks," then law student Quincey Johnson wrote. The regents and Dean John Prentiss Poe bowed to social pressures, just as some policy makers today are doing, and closed the school's doors to African-Americans. It would take nearly half a century before the law school's doors opened again to members of the race. Students Dozier and Hawkins were expelled prior to graduating.4 It was not until 1935 that Brothers Thurgood Marshall and Charles Houston regained access to the school for AfricanAmericans by working as counsel for the NMCP and suing the

University. When the school was sued, "The University answered through the attorney general of the state and said it had excluded [Donald] Murray because he was a Negro."5 In the fall, Murray claimed his due admission to the University.Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) have been a cornerstone for African-American social advancement.

Not only have the schools educated and graduated a significant number of the African-American population, they also have aided in the creation of an African-American middle class.

According to one study, some HBCUs have been systematically closed in the name of eliminating discrimination.6 Still others have enrolled a majority white student population, such as West Virginia State, with 84 percent white students; Lincoln University in Missouri, with 68 percent; Shelton State Community College in Alabama, with 68 percent; and Bluefield State College in West Virginia, with 93 percent white students. The enrollment of large numbers of white students at the HBCUs is said to be the result of demography. Because the HBCUs are 1892 land grant institutions, they continue to receive federal funding.7 Since Bluefield was integrated in 1954, its African-American population has waned significantly. Dormitories there were closed during the Vietnam War following passage of a state referendum and they were not reopened, erasing opportunities for students outside the area to attend and making Bluefield a commuter school.

West Virginia's African-American population is about 3 percent and without dormitories, the school will not attract AfricanAmerican students from out-of-state.8 Closing the dorms has been an effective way of limiting African-American student enrollment.

The he school's current president, Robert Moore, is reportedly attempting to reverse the referendum in hopes of building a dormitory to attract minority students. Meanwhile, this incremental change has altered the complexion of the school.

Today, we are battling in California with Proposition 209, which drastically decreases the overall enrollment of AfricanAmerican and Hispanic students in California universities through the admissions process.9 There are at least eleven other states that have sponsored similar "civil rights" bills aimed at ending affirmative action programs.10 Just recently California Republican Congressman Frank Riggs attempted to get passed an amendment to deny federal funds to public colleges and universities that rely on affirmative action in their admissions."

The courts also have had a hand in these drastic, and incremental, policy changes. Involvement of the court system in the dismantling of educational opportunities for African-Americans can be traced back to the Presidential candidacy of Ronald Reagan.

Reagan ran on an anti-affirmative action platform, dedicating himself to reshaping the courts. His appointments to the U.S. Supreme Court have been primary foes of affirmative action. He elevated William Rehnquist to Chief Justice in 1986 and appointed Sandra Day O'Conner in 1981 and Antonin Scalia in 1986.12 George Bush followed suit. He appointed Anthony Kennedy and

THE SPHINX™ SUMMER 1999

EDUCATION FEATURE Clarence Thomas to the Supreme Court. The Court that has been assembled by Reagan and Bush has significantly weakened affirmative action laws designed to give educational opportunities to African-Americans. As Stanford law professor Kathleen M. Sullivan stated, "What we are seeing now is the culmination of efforts began in the early 1980s."13 Moving along similar paths, lower Federal Appellate Courts seem to be following suit. The 4th Circuit Court of Appeals struck down race-based financial aid in Podberesky v. Kirwan in 1994, drastically altering some recruitment tools used to attract AfricanAmerican students to the University of Maryland system.

Those who still see the needs that affirmative action laws fulfill in this country should not wait until legislation like Proposition 209 is enacted. Instead, we must be proactive in preventing similar leg-

islation to take a foothold. We must be intelligent in the way we cast our votes. We must write letters to our state universities in support of their affirmative action programs.

Since its founding, Alpha Phi Alpha has been a champion for the educational rights of African-Americans. The Fraternity's members cannot now allow the country to continue along this tide of unconscionable attacks on programs that are designed to aid the African-American community.

Since one's success largely depends upon one's education, accessibility to schools of higher learning is key to our socio-economic well being. When that access dissipates, so will the AfricanAmerican middle class. Therefore, it is our duty to know and actively involve ourselves in whatever political undertakings we must which concern the future of our education.

REFERENCES 1

Charles H. Wesley, The History ofAlpha Phi Alpha: A Development in College Life, 16th Edition, p. 218 (1996).

David Gerber, "Lynching and Law and Order: Original and Passage of the Ohio Anti-Lynching Law of 1896," Ohio History, 83:1, p. 33-50,34 (Winterl974). !

Ibid.

I Quincey Johnson, "With Color Flying," Maryland in Baltimore, p. 22-23 (Fall 1990).

5 Charles Houston, "Cracking Closed University Doors, The Crisis, p. 364 (December 1935).

6 See United States v. Fordice, 505 U.S. 717,1992.

7 Lottie Joiner, "Historically Broke Colleges and Universities," Emerge, p. 50 (September 1998).

8 Ibid.

9 At Berkeley, admissions offers to African-American and Hispanic students for this fall's freshman class have fallen to more than half of the previous offers, for the lowest totals for each group in at least 15 years. "Of the 8,000 students who were offered admission, 191 were black, down from 562 last year. A total of 434 Hispanic students were offered admission, down from 1,045 last year," writes Rene Sanchez, "Black, Hispanic Admissions Plunge at Two California Campuses," Washington Post (April 1,1998).

10 Trevor Coleman, "Affirmative Action Wars," Emerge, p. 36 (March 1998).

II Fifty-five Republicans voted along with almost the entire Democratic caucus to defeat the amendment. Juliet Elperin, "Watts Walks a Tight Rope on Affirmative Action," Washington Post (May 12,1998).

12 Joan Biskupic, "On Race, A Court Transformed," Washington Post (December 5,1997).

13 Ibid.

2

Brother Charles Sydnor III is a third-year student at the University of Maryland School of Law. Brother Sydnor was initiated into the Fraternity at Delta Lambda Chapter in Baltimore, Maryland.

85* ANNIVERSARY EDITION

On (Behalf of

Mpha%appa Mpha Sorority, Incorporated 25th Supreme (Bastfeus Norma SoComon White and the (Board of (Directors Congratulate

fAtpha (PhiAlpha fraternity, Incorporated on the 85 th ^Anniversary (Edition of the

Sphin^ Here's to continued success of your magazine as you (Blaze New Trails of Quality Coverage and Outstanding Service to the African American Community.

W 25th Supreme ttasikus Norma SoComon "White

DISTINGUISHED COLLEGIANS

n 1954, at Alpha Phi Alpha's 40th General Convention in Miami, Florida, College Brothers were given full representation on the organization's Executive Council. The Fraternity Constitution was changed at the Convention to create the office of Assistant Vice President.

Some of the most noted members of the organization have since been elected as Regional Assistant Vice President. The current AVPs were photographed following the January 1999 Board Meeting in Orlando, Florida. Pictured (left to right) are: Brothers Jermaine Burrell, Southern Region; Daniel Craddock, Western Region; Marc Titus, Eastern Region; Juan Harris, Midwestern Region; and N. Ashe Mahlaba, Southwestern Region. Brothers Craddock and Harris are featured in this edition of The Sphinxâ&#x201E;˘ as 1998-99 Distinguished Collegians. The feature begins on the next page.

i

85lh ANNIVERSARY EDITION

DISTINGUISHED COLLEGIANS

Ansel J. Augustine Rho Epsilon Chapter, Loyola University of New Orleans, LA Sociology major; 3-6 GPA; president and vice president, African-American Scholars for Youth; 1999 Loyola University Homecoming King; member, Student Government Association Electoral Committee; Student Orientation Assistant; intern, WQUE, Q93 FM-Radio; volunteer Junior Achievement Teacher; member Black Student Union; board member, Martin Luther King, Jr. Week for Peace; member, Genesis Gospel Choir; advisor, Loyola University Board of Trustees; volunteer, Feed the Homeless; volunteer, Youth Mentor Program; president, treasurer and re-chartering member, Rho Epsilon Chapter.

Yancey Trevor Beauford Xi Phi Chapter, Winthrop University, Rock Hill, SC History/Secondary Education major; president, Student Government Association; cochair, College of Education Dean's Student Advisory Council; Southern Regional Assistant Vice President, 1999-2000; South Carolina Assistant District Director; 1998 Alpha Phi Alpha Summer Leadership Academy Graduate; Director of Educational Activities, Xi Phi Chapter, 1997-98; vice president, Xi Phi Chapter, 1997-99; Xi Phi Chapter Brother of the Year, 1997-98; mentor, Independence Elementary School; coordinator, Alpha Cuts; Saturday Morning Kids Club.

Johnny Ray Bernard, Jr. Eta Phi Chapter, University of Tennessee-Chattanooga Biology/Chemistry major; 3-80 GPA; Student Government Association Senator; Eta Phi Chapter president, 1997-99; Brother of the Year, 1998-1999; Brother With Highest GPA for Tennessee, 1998-99; Minority Affairs Scholar of the Year; resident assistant, Beta Beta Beta Biological Society Award; Blue Key Honor Society; National Minority Leadership Award; ScholarIn-Residence Award.

Miles Cary, Jr. Alpha Zeta, West Virginia State College, Institute, WV Criminal Justice/Political Science major; 3-44 GPA; president, Freshman Class; president, Sophomore Class; ROTC Academic Scholarship; member, Persian Rifles; member, NAACP; vice president, Alpha Zeta Chapter; member, First Church of Christ Science; member, Student Government Association Executive Council; member, All College Council; member, Legislative Advisory Committee; member, Budget Advisory Committee.

THE SPHINXâ&#x201E;˘ SUMMER 1999

DISTINGUISHED COLLEGIANS Daniel Craddock Gamma Xi Chapter, University of California-Los Angeles Biochemistry major; Western Regional Assistant Vice President, 199899; president, Gamma Xi Chapter; past Assistant Director California Area 2; president, Alumni Scholars Club (Ralph Bunch); co-president and director, UCLA Brother Foundation; member, Board of Directors for Black Pre-Health; Steven House Scholarship Recipient; Ralph Bunch Scholarship Recipient.

Rasheed J. Daniel Nu Iota Chapter, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ Communications major; Mr. Black Rowan University 1998; president, Rowan University National Pan-Hellenic Council; Focus Peer Leader for African-American and Latino Freshman students; Resident Assistant; ranked as the nation's No. 2 College Disc Jockey in 1998 by the National Association of College Broadcasters.

Jeremy Harden Zeta Tau Chapter, Texas A&M University-Commerce Psychology major; Chancellor, Student Advisory Board; vice president, Student Government Association; vice president, NAACP; member, University Programming Council; member, A&M Systems.

Juan Ariangos Harris Sigma Phi Chapter, Indiana University/Purdue UniversityIndianapolis Social Work/Business major; Midwestern Assistant Vice President, 1997-98, 1998-99; associate dean, Alpha University; college representative, ABF, Inc.; vice president, Black Student Union; student representative for University Search Committee for the Assistant Dean African-American Student Affairs; student representative, University Academic Affairs and Curriculum Sub Committee; volunteer, AmeriCorps National Service Program; former president, Rho Gamma Chapter, Northern Kentucky University; former Assistant District Director of Kentucky; recipient, Sigma Phi Chapter Jewel Henry Arthur Callis Award.

Stanley W. Jones, II Zeta Epsilon Chapter, Barber-Scotia College, Concord, NC Political Science major; Dean's List; Honors List; member, Charles E. Just Pre-Law Society; choir, Barber-Scotia College; member, PreAlumni Association; member, NAACP; member, National Forensics League; student assistant, Pharaoh's Council; Presbyterian Scholarship; Dean's List.

8TANNIVERSARYEDITION

DISTINGUISHED COLLEGIANS Jason Scott Jurkowski Mu Pi Chapter, Charleston Southern University, Charleston, SC Physical Education major; 338 GPA; former president, Mu Pi Chapter; vice president, Mu Pi Chapter; Charleston Southern University Scholarship Award; Dean's List; Charleston Southern University Men's Soccer Team; Big South Presidential Honor Roll; resident assistant; representative, Captain's Club-Men's Soccer; member, Campus Activities Board; Volunteer Youth Soccer Coach; Charleston Southern University Service Organization of the Year Award.

Siafa V. Lewis Nu Iota, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ Rowan University Homecoming King; Focus Peer Leader for African-American and Latino Freshman students; Resident Assistant; member, T.E.M. Programming Board; graduate, John Casablanca's modeling school.

Anthony Roberts Beta Xi Chapter, LeMoyne-Owen College, Memphis, TN Business Administration major; 3-1 GPA; past president, International Student Organization; LeMoyne-Owen Athlete of the Year; Beta Xi Brother of the Year; Brother of the Year for the District of Tennessee; assistant coordinator, Southern Regional Leadership Conference 1996-1998; Mr. Junior 1997-98; Rookie of the Year of the NYSP Staff; Outstanding Senior.

Omar W. Ruffin Beta Delta, South Carolina State UniversityOrangeburg, SC Criminal Justice major; 3-012 GPA; president, SCSU National Pan-Hellenic Council; president, Student Union Board; historian, Beta Delta Chapter; treasurer, Criminal Justice Club; Student Orientation Leader; member, National Association for Black Criminal Justice Professionals; class representative, Political Science Association; Dean's List; Top Fifty Freshmen Award; Presidential Scholar; recipient, Silver and Bronze Medallion; ROTC Top 10 Percent Award, S-H-M Oratorical Winner; ROTC Outstanding Leadership Award; Student Union Board chairpersonof the-year; Beta Delta Advisor's Award; member, Beta Delta Scholar's Bowl Team.

Martin Luther White Theta Nu Chapter, University of South Carolina-Columbia Biological Sciences major; mentor, South Carolina Alliance for Minority Participation; co-chairperson, Student Government Association Finance Committee; Dean's List; Intern, South Carolina Cancer Center; Minority Excellence Award; Membership Intake Coordinator; co-chairperson, Community Service Theta Nu Chapter.

THE SPHINXâ&#x201E;˘ SUMMER 1999

s

FEATURE STORY

CONTRIBUTIONS OF AFRICAN-AMERICANS CELEBRATED WITH U.S. POSTAL STAMPS HONORING ALPHA BROTHERS

By Brother F. Romall Smalls Honoring and paying proper tribute to the men and women who standout as giants in the halls of history is a task of the highest order. Various forms of homage have been given to those who have made an indelible impression on the fabric of this nation. Some have been commemorated with grand monuments or official national holidays. Others have been Frederick Douglass memorialized, having their Stamp Issued 1967 names etched in stone atop buildings or their life stories chronicled in motion picture. Counted among "the giants" of our time is an impressive syndicate of "Sons of Alpha" who have been honored and recognized in nearly all of the ways mentioned above.

One of the more elusive and unique forms of national recognition that some American luminaries, including distinguished Alpha Brothers Martin Luther King, Jr. and Edward Kennedy "Duke" Ellington, have received is the creation of a commemorative United States Postal stamp. The average person generally purchases a book of stamps from their local Post Office, hesitantly licks the back of them and nonchalantly places them on various envelopes and billsâ&#x20AC;&#x201D; all the while never fully realizing the historical significance of these small pieces of paper called "stamps".

First issued in England in 1840, the prepaid postage stamp has since become one of the most important paper artifacts used and produced around the world. The United States Postal Service, which traces its founding back to the 1700s, is the largest postal system in the world and has over 775,000 employees who deliver some 198 billion pieces of mail every year.

As one may imagine, the selection processes of determining what goes on the front of the thousands of U.S. postal stamps is no small or simple feat, particularly when it comes to commemorative stamps. In fact the stamp, and its ubiquitous power and universal recognition, has long been a prized and coveted commodity that is collected and reviewed in numerous books, international maga-

zines and trade shows world wide. These little square sections of paper have managed to be the world's most common (and relatively inexpensive) connective means to communication.

The Commemorative U.S. postal stamp is issued specifically to honor an outstanding event or person. In one of the older books about stamp collecting [which is formally called philately (fi-lat-'ly), a Greek term meaning "love of that which is tax free"] and titled, "Stamps: An Outline of Philately," by Kent B. Stiles (Harper & Brothers Publishers, New York and London, 1929) it is stated that commemorative stamps are important because they were created to record "history, the progress of civilization, and today's happenings."

Although commemorative stamps have given laudable attention to a select few individuals and events, many African-American historians point out the fact that people of color as a whole have often been ignored and poorly represented throughout U.S. Postal stamp history. Since the first U.S. commemorative stamp, which honored the reported discovery of America by Christopher Columbus in 1492, was issued in 1893 there have been nearly 2,400 stamps created in recognition of various major events and personalities. Of this total, only 76 have been designed to specifically capture the images and contributions of African-Americans.

One of the first U.S. Postal stamps created in recognition of â&#x20AC;˘/EBEXuBois the African-American presence in this country was issued on October 20, 1940. This 3-cent stamp featured an etching of the noted sculpture of Abraham Lincoln freeing a crouched male slave. The stamp commemorated the 75th anniversary of the passage of the 13th Amendment of the U.S. Constitution, which abolished slavery. In 1978, the U.S. Post W.E.B. DuBois Office introduced its "Black Stamp Issued 1992 Heritage" stamp series, which has since honored some 22 AfricanAmericans and events related to African-American history and culture. The most recent in this series was issued during this year's

Black History Month and features the contemplative visage of Malcolm X (El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz).

There are seven members of Alpha Phi Alpha who have had their faces placed on U.S. Postal stamps over the years. They include Brothers Martin Luther King, Jr., Whitney Moore Young, Jr., W.E.B. DuBois, Jesse Owens, Edward Kennedy "Duke" Ellington, Hubert H. Humphrey and Frederick Douglass. The first Alpha Brother to Stamp issue! 1986 be bestowed with this honor, which some equate to being featured on American currency, was Frederick Douglass. His 25-cent stamp was issued on February 14, 1967 as part of the U.S. Postal's "Prominent Americans Issue (1965-78)."

Frederick Douglass, a former slave, was one of "America's dominate black abolitionists and agitators during the 19th century," states the Postal Service's "Celebrate African-American History With Stamps" brochure. And his posthumous 1921 induction into the Fraternity has for many years created controversy within the rank and file of the Brotherhood. During the Fraternity's 14th Annual Convention in Baltimore, Maryland, a historic pilgrimage was made to the home of the late "father of the civil rights movement" where he was inducted as an exalted honorary member into Omega Chapter, "the chapter for deceased Alpha Brothers."

According to the Fraternity's history book, The History of Alpha Phi Alpha: A Development in College Life, by Charles H. Wesley (Foundation Publishers, Baltimore, Maryland 1996), "There has been some criticism of this action of 'robbing the grave for Fraternity membership'." A second full-color Frederick Douglass stamp was issued on June 29,1990 and was a part of the U.S. Postal Service's "Black Heritage Series."

On January 13, 1979, the U.S. Postal Service paid tribute to Brother Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., "The most powerful and popular leader of the AfricanAmerican protest movement of the 1950s and 1960s," with a fullcolor rectangle 15-cent commemorative stamp that was the second issue in the "Black Heritage Series." Harriet Tubman Hubert H. Humphrey was the first. Brother Whitney M. Stamp Issued 1986 Young, Jr.'s distinguished "Black Heritage Series" portrait graced the front of a 15-cent U.S. Commemorative Postal Stamp, which was issued on January 30, 1981. According to the "Celebrate African American History with Stamps" booklet, Brother Young was memorialized because he,

"served as executive director of the National Urban League for 10 years," and he was awarded the Medal of Freedom, the country's highest civilian honor in 1969This year marks the 100th anniversary of the birth of legendary, big band leader and composer Brother Edward Kennedy "Duke" Ellington. Numerous concerts, television specials and academic conferences have been held this year in tribute to Brother Duke Ellington, one of the most venerated entertainers in the world. One of the highest honors the band leader has received to date was a 22-cent "Black Heritage Series" stamp. This somber-colored issue captures the sophisticated essence of the jazz legend. The commemorative stamp was introduced on April 29,1986.

In 1940, Alpha Phi Alpha removed the word "Negro" from its Constitution, which allowed the admission of worthy men of all races, a sentiment that was rarely emulated in America during this period. And one of Alpha Phi Alpha's most noted white members who has been lauded with a commemorative stamp is, the Honorable Hubert H. Humphrey, the 38th Vice President of the United States. He was honored with a "Great Americans (1986-93)" stamp, which was issued in 1986.

Martin Luther King, Jr. He was made an Honorary Member Stamp Issued 1979 of Alpha on August 8,1965 during the Fraternity's 59th Anniversary Convention in Chicago, Illinois where he addressed the body and was awarded the President's Award.

"General President (Lionel) Newsom awarded to Vice President Humphrey an Honorary Life Membership in the Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity with a certificate, a medal passcard and a copy of the History of Alpha Phi Alpha. Brother L. Howard Bennett.. .pinned the Alpha pin on him," states Charles H. Wesley in the Fraternity's history book. Humphrey was a Minnesota Democrat who gained national attention as a staunch advocate for the passage of federal civil and human rights laws, and was a featured guest and speaker during various conventions in the past. Olympic track and field gold medallist, Brother James Cleveland "Jesse" Owens was commemorated with a 25-cent U.S. Postal Service's "Olympians" stamp, which was released on July 16, 1990. This stamp captures the moment just before the start of one of his historic runs during the 1936 Olympic Games in Berlin, Germany.

It should be noted that the task of getting commemorative U.S. Postal stamps issued in honor of African-American men and women has proven to be an arduous but important effort taken up by private citizens and various organizations.

In 1997, the National Committee for the 100th Anniversary Birthday of Paul Robeson led a gallant but unsuccessful effort to THE SPHINXâ&#x201E;˘ SUMMED 1999

FEATURE STORY get a commemorative stamp issued in April 1998 to recognize the anniversary of the birth of this distinguished "Son of Alpha." During the Fraternity's, 91st Anniversary Convention in Washington, D.C. in 1997, Brother Steven J. Allen of Zeta Iota Lambda Chapter in Trenton, New Jersey, addressed the Brotherhood during the Fraternal Luncheon and appealed to the Fraternity to aid in the Paul Robeson commemorative stamp effort.

"I wanted everyone in the room to get involved and go out to their local communities and push to get petitions signed," said Brother Allen who is also a graduate of Rutgers University as was Brother Robeson. Through this effort, along with the work of other members of the National Committee for the 100th Anniversary Birthday of Paul Robeson, over 90,000 signatures in support of the commemorative stamp idea were collected and sent to the Citizen's Stamp Advisory Committee in Washington, D.C. This twelve-member committee is responsible for recommending names of note-worthy Americans to the U.S. Post Master General, who makes the final selection on annual issues of U.S. Commemorative Post Stamps. According to U.S. Postal officials, the Citizen's Stamp Advisory Committee receives 40,000 stamp suggestions and designs in

Jesse Owens Stamp Issued 1998

an average year.

Brother Allen said he believes that getting a Paul Robeson Centennial Stamp issue would, "Unveil the secrets of one of the greatest Americans, not just Afro-Americans. He was before Martin Luther King, Jr. and Malcolm X. He fought for the rights of all people all over the world, particularly Afro-Americans." Brother Allen stated that Brother Robeson was a multi-talented world figure who won acclaim as a gifted stage actor, powerful orator and as an impassioned human rights activist.

Brother Robeson was initiated into the Fraternity in 1920 at Nu Chapter, Lincoln University, Pennsylvania, and went on to graduate from Columbia University Law School in New York City. Blacklisted and labeled a "Communist Party sympathizer" in the late 1940s, the legacy of Brother Paul Robeson seemed permanently tarnished up until recently. Brother Allen recalled that Brother Robeson's image and namesake was all but expunged from all Rutgers Whitney Moore Young. Jr. Stamp Issued 1981 University archives until around the late 1970s, after his death in 1976. He also believes that Brother Robeson's strong political views may still be a "controversial issue" for some and may have affected the decision to not have him on a U.S. postal stamp.

"It is very political," said Brother Allen, who is Area Director of the Fraternity's Northern New Jersey Chapters, about the bureaucratic process of obtaining a commemorative stamp. "There are a number of Alphas that have stamps, and I think it's great. It is worth the fight to make sure that great Alphas get the recognition they deserve," Brother Allen said. He also stated that the struggle for a commemorative stamp in recognition of Paul Robeson is continuing. "People are not going to ask how long it took to get a stamp, they will just know there is a stamp."

Brother F. Romall Smalls is an Independent Journalist/Media Consultant based in Mount Vernon, New York.

He was initiated at Eta Zeta Lambda Chapter in April 1997.

Some of the U.S. Postal requirements for a Commemorative Stamp: • The candidate must be deceased • Must be a U.S. citizen or be an American-related subject • Must be events or persons of historical significance • Must have wide appeal • Stamps are not issued in commemoration of fraternal organizations, political groups or parties, or corporations • Stamps are not issued in honor of sectarian groups/organizations, religious institutions or persons Alpha Men with more than one U.S. Commemorative Stamp: • Frederick Douglass, Prominent American Issue (1967) and Black Heritage Series (1995) • W.E.B. DuBois, Black Heritage Series (1992) and Celebrate the Century 1900s (1998) • Brother Dr. King has been commemorated on several foreign countries' stamp issues over the years.

85'" ANNIVERSARY EDITION

(Ddta Sigma Theta Sorority, Inc. A 9{ationat Service Sorority Marcia L. Judge, "Esq. 9{ationaC (President The (AjationaC Executive (Board and tfk 190,000 (DeCta Members Congratulate

ftbpha <Pfu Mpfta fraUrnity on the

85th foniversary of the, S&rfESQC ^Magazint

VST Rationalheadquarters:

1707 'Hew 'Hampshire Ave. 9$W, Washington, (202)986-2400

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(D.C. 20009

202) 986-26153

THE SPHINXâ&#x201E;˘ SUMMER 1999

V I S I O N 2<

VISION 2000

SUGGESTED SITES FOR MLK, JR. NATIONAL MEMORIAL UNDER REVIEW

BY WASHINGTON, D.C. COMMISSIONS

By Brother Vic Carter Who would think that the process of erecting a national memorial in Washington, D.C. could be filled with so many fantastic moments and yet be spiked by bumps in the road that cause delays?

Such are the ups and downs of building a memorial.

Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity's project to build a memorial in the nation's capital honoring Brother Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. will not be immune from these trials.

At the Fraternity's Regional Conventions this Spring, Dr. Ed Jackson, chairman of the Design Committee for the MLK, Jr. Memorial, explained in detail the concept of the project and the process the Fraternity must follow to bring the concept to fruition. While Brother Jackson flew across the country, from city to city making presentations on the project, the wheels in Washington were turning— and not always in our direction.

The National Capital Planning Commission and the Commission on Fine Arts have differing opinions. The discontent is over the sites called Constitution Gardens and the Tidal Basin . The Memorial's Design Team finds the Tidal Basin a preferred site because of the unlimited design possibilities and the view of the pond at the Lincoln Memorial. The Constitution Gardens location offers established trees and a serene setting on the mall.

As a result of the differences among the commissions, the project team was asked to review the sites again and to re-appear at hearings in a few months.

Project Team Leader, Brother John Carter said, This delay gives us pause to review these sites and possibly consider others. It also allows us to continue with our fundraising efforts and our plans for the international design competition. We have received favorable media coverage of this effort and this is the first real delay that we have experienced.

In the days to come, there will be much more to report on the project. Each region will be highlighted at the 93rd Anniversary Convention this summer in Dallas. On July 30, we look forward to seeing the Brotherhood at a luncheon where we will update the project, hear from the General President and recognize some of the top contributors to the project—individually, by Chapter and

by Region.

This project is moving forward. Brothers are contributing their time and their money. We want you on board!

The Man, the Movement, the Message — it is more than just a slogan. It is the essence of the Brother we shall honor Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Brother Vic Carter, an anchor with the ABC Network Television affiliate in Baltimore,is Public Relations Chairman with the Washington, D.C. Martin Luther King, Jr. National Memorial Project.

85,h ANNIVERSARY EDITION

VISION 2000

ION 2000

THE ALPHA UNIVERSITY: FACING THE CHALLENGES OF THE NEW MILLENNIUM

By Brother Phillip L Jackson

c

ontinuous learning has become one of the VJtfew remaining bases for competitive advantages in many of today's successful organizations. But how do organizations harness this learning and ensure they deploy the right resources to focus on critically important business challenges of the new millennium and beyond?

Alpha Phi Alpha has by The Alpha University is General President Adrian Lresponded Wallace's response to the Fraternity challenges launching the Alpha faced in the next century.

University concept to address the educational and training needs of the Fraternity's membership.

The Alpha University is a centralized, in-house education and training facility established at the national and regional levels of the Fraternity to address the shortened shelf life of knowledge and to align training and development with the business needs of the short-term and long-term strategies of the organization.

The Alpha University will be governed by a Chief Learning Officer, Brother Phillip L. Jackson; an Associate Chief Learning Officer, Brother Dr. Zollie Stevenson, Jr. and seven Dean and seven Associate Deans for the 7 Colleges of the University.

Currently, plans are being finalized for the kickoff of the Alpha University at the 93rd Anniversary Convention this summer in Dallas, Texas. The role and work of the governing body will be as follows:

•

• • •

Linking Learning to Overall Fraternal Strategies: the most important goal of the Alpha University governing body is to understand the key issues faced by the Fraternity and to link education/training to these issues and appropriate strategies and goals to respond to them.

Identify Future Learning Needs Establish a Leaning Philosophy Direct and Approve the Budget

Curriculum. The Alpha University curriculum is focused on the three "C"s—Communication, Collaboration and Creativity. The basic goal of a corporate university is to design training and education that is aligned to the skill sets required for success within an organization. In a recent report of the Corporate University Xchange, it was stated that "12 percent of corporate universities surveyed said identifying and developing curriculum to prepare for change and adaptation is the single top issue facing all corporate universities today." As organizations face rapidly changing technologies, higher customer expectations, and tough competition, the corporate environment is becoming increasingly dynamic and interdependent.

Leadership Development. As more and more organizations turn to team-based approaches to managing work, training focuses on making these teams attainable, powerful, and more relevant to Brother Zollie Stevenson, Jr. (left) will serve as Associa business goals. The Chief Learning Officer for The Alpha University. traditional process THE SPHINX™ SUMMER 1999

VISION 2000 Igg?

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The Alpha University will address the educational and training needs of Fraternity Members.

for developing leadership skills in a state of flux. Management training is being replaced by "leadership development." In this new paradigm, leaders must envision a future state and communicate this vision to their team members. They must also celebrate their team's accomplishment in achieving their goals. Effective leadership is first and foremost thinking through the organization's mission, defining it, and establishing a common vocabulary for all members of the organization to embrace.

The Four "P"s. Finally, the last phase of the Alpha University rollout and the most important is the focus on the four "P"s of marketing—product, positioning, packaging and promotion—to sell the university concept. The first step in using the four "P"s is to understand our customer and their need for the product. During the past year, we have interviewed and gathered information on the overall needs of the Brotherhood. Brothers have told us quite candidly that if the university concept is to be successful for Alpha Phi Alpha it must center around the following: Brotherhood, Leadership, Personal and Professional Development, Chapter and Officer Development, National Programs and Business Technology.

Positioning is to clarify the benefits you will offer your customers. In the case of the Alpha University seek, to "stimulate the mind, body and spirit of each Brother through purposeful, personal and professional development training initiatives which are embedded in our fraternal culture." Communicating this positioning is the next step of the process. This involves enlisting the support of key internal senior leaders (General President, Executive Director, Vice Presidents, Assistant Vice Presidents and other key leaders in the organization) who become "ambassadors" and communicate this positioning throughout the organization.

Packaging involves developing a "branded" image for the university concept. Attention is paid to developing a consistent branded look for all the products and services related to the corporate university. It is crucial for Alpha University to create one image that tells the story visually and to use this image "consistently" on all materials— (Left to right): General President Wallace. Brother Dr. MylesMunroe, Sr. and Brother Phillip L Jackson are photographedfollowing a Training and catalogs, workbooks, curriculum guides, pens and certificates.

Development Seminar presented by Brother Munroe. Brother Jackson will Lastly, Promotion,

Promotion,

Promotion

— the ongoing serve as The Alpha University's Chief Learning Officer.

communication to raise awareness of the university and the contributions that it has had on the membership and community.

The Alpha University has "endless possibilities" of success and growth for Alpha Phi Alpha as we move, "onward and upward towards the light" of the 21st century. I "encourage" and "challenge" each and every Brother of Alpha Phi Alpha to get excited about this great learning and training opportunity!

Brother Phillip L. Jackson is Chairman of the Fraternity's Training and Development

85lb ANNIVERSARY EDITION

Committee.

VISION 2000

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PHA UNPTERSITY: ALIGNING TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT PRACTICES WITH BUSINESS NEEDS AND STRATEGIES

By Brother Zollie Stevenson, Jr.

ince the early days of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, there has been an emphasis on Brothers helping Brothers to achieve their professional aspirations and personal goals. Brothers have mustered financial support for each other, served as mentors, and advised others on action steps that could lead to the fulfillment of goals. Much of the support has been provided informally through individual Brothers.

The General Organization began to formally focus on developing the Brotherhood as early as 1910 with speeches during General Conventions that raised issues and provided strategies to address the challenges posed by racism, poverty, and poor education.

The method and the form of Brotherhood development provided by the Fraternity was sporadic and did not focus as much on specific skills as it did on specific issues. Oratory, the development of oratorical skills, is an example of a skill that was promoted during the early years of the Fraternity, and with good reason. The best orators were recognized during the early years of the 20th century as the community leaders and could sound the alarm in our communities as we struggled to achieve our social, economic, and personal goals.

Training and development have come a long way since the beginning of the 20th century. Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity has provided training to our Brothers on a wide range of topics varying from the ritual, National Programs, intake, risk management, and voter registration/citizenship rights issues. What has been lacking from our efforts to train and develop Fraternity Brothers have been the tools and strategies that enable personal and professional development to be consistently organized and implemented with quality. Alpha University strives to prepare us for career success and

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Alpha Phi Alpha Education Foundation, Inc. Chairman Brother Dr. James Ward (center), is pictured with Alpha University's Chief Learning Officers Brothers Dr. Zollie Stevenson, Jr. (left) and Philip L. Jackson, Jr.

to enhance our roles as leaders and servants by structuring our training courses/workshops, developing curriculum and implementation tools, and training trainers to implement the courses and workshops. Consistency in the content of courses and the quality of training are key to the success of Alpha University.

The Connection Between Alpha University and The Alpha Phi Alpha Education Foundation, Inc. The Alpha Phi Alpha Education Foundation, Inc. is the non-profit, charitable arm of the Fraternity. The Foundation has primarily focused on awarding scholarships to undergraduate and graduate Brothers pursuing higher education. The Fraternity's Board of Directors approved the merger of Alpha University, the National Programs, and scholastic excellence activities under the Education Foundation at their August 1998 meeting in Nassau, Bahamas.

Thus the honors and scholarship functions that were previously the primary responsibilities of the Education Foundation have expanded to include oversight of the personal and professional development initiative of the Fraternity; Alpha University; the three National Programsâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;Go-to-High School, Go-to-College, Project Alpha and A Voteless People is a Hopeless People; the Belford V. Lawson Oratorical Contest; the Collegiate Scholars Bowl; and Leadership Development Institutes.

The Chairman of the Education Foundation has oversight of THE SPHINXâ&#x201E;˘ SUMMER 1999

VISION 2000 all planning, development and implementation functions of the Education Foundation. Specific responsibility for planning and development for the components that now fall under the Education Foundation reside with the specific chairmen who report their activities to the Chairman of the Education Foundation and the Foundation Board of Directors.

Origins of Alpha University Scholastic achievement and preparation for the future have always been concepts held high by Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc. Much of our external emphasis has focused on aiding members of the communities in which we live in their quests to achieve their academic and professional goals. Training of the membership has been sporadic focusing on the implementation of new initiatives, risk management, and a variety of personal/ professional development workshops.

In November 1997, under the leadership of 30th General President Adrian L. Wallace, the Fraternity's Training and Development Committee developed a personal and professional development design structured to help Alpha Phi Alpha Brothers refine our own skills and abilities as we move into the 21st century and beyond. Brother Phillip L. Jackson, Jr., National Chairman of Training and Development and Brother Robert E. Bedford, National Co-Chairman, convened a retreat of 20 Brothers at Indiana University/Purdue University at Indianapolis to initiate a planning process that resulted in the design of Alpha University.

What Is Alpha University?

Alpha University is a centralized in-house training and education facility established at the national and regional levels of the Fraternity to address the rapid changes in knowledge and to align the Fraternity's training and development practices with business needs and strategies.

Vision Statement of Alpha University The vision for Alpha University is embodied in two of our Fraternal Objectives: To stimulate the ambition of its members; and To prepare them for the greatest usefulness in the cause of humanity, freedom, and dignity of the individual. Alpha University exists to stimulate the mind, body and spirit of each Fraternity Brother through purposeful, personal and professional development, which is embedded in our fraternal culture. Our Brothers, the Fraternity's most valued resource, will have the knowledge and skills necessary to continuously bring a higher level of value to our internal customers, our shareholders and the communities in which we serve. To that end, Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc. will create an environment where learning is supported, promoted and rewarded at the individual, chapter/group, and organizational levels. Further, all Brothers, from members of the Board of Directors to Chapter Brothers, will embrace their collective role as learners and teachers, players and coaches.

Si'4 ANNIVERSARY EDITION

We will be successful in accomplishing the personal and professional development vision of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc. when we: • Engage in accelerated, timely, meaningful, applicable and measurable development that is aligned to support performance expectations and Fraternal business goals as well as long-term organizational objectives and strategies.

• Create, capture and move knowledge rapidly and easily so that the Brothers who need it can access and use it quickly.

• Have established a Brother-centered, learning organization where an environment of continual learning is fostered and where Brothers are free and encouraged to innovate and explore new ideas.

• Have created an environment where Brothers take a proactive, accountable role in their development to excel at the fraternal, personal and professional level, which brings value to Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc. Alpha University Course Offerings/Registration The Alpha University concept will allow equal access to a wider array of learning programs and interventions. Alpha University courses will be offered at General and Regional Conventions, and if sufficient registration for a course or courses exist—at District Conferences, Area and Chapter meetings. Although there will be prerequisite courses or workshops associated with some Alpha University offerings, Brothers will have access to a comprehensive set of course offerings delivered in a number of different ways.

Learning program schedules and course descriptions will be accessible through printed and on-line course catalogs. The Office of Educational Activities at the Corporate Headquarters will manage the pre-registration process for Alpha University courses. Preregistration is recommended for all courses offered by Alpha University to ensure that sufficient training materials are available and that the instructional environment is conducive to learning.

Course outlines, curriculum guides, implementation guides and other materials will be accessible to the Brotherhood by electronic media as early as the 1999-2000 Fraternal Year for some course offerings. The first set of materials to be available by electronic media will be the curriculum and implementation guides for Go-to-High School, Go-to-College and A Voteless People is a Hopeless People.

Key Roles The operational leadership of Alpha University is comprised of three levels: the Chief Learning Officers, the Deans and the Trainers.

The Chief Learning Officer (CL0), Brother Phillip L. Jackson, Jr., is Alpha University's senior learning officer. As the functional expert for the organization, the CL0 shapes the learning vision and communicates it to the entire Brotherhood. This "systemsthinker," senior executive is accountable for making certain that the Alpha University remains aligned in vision, mission and out-

VISION 2000 put to the Fraternity's mission, core values and guiding principles. The CLO makes certain that the learning organization is fully integrated with the various regional and district training efforts, translating organizational-level business goals into learning priorities. Brother ZoUie Stevenson, Jr., Associate Chief Learning Officer, is responsible for administrative aspects of Alpha University and assists the CLO. Seven Deans act as Alpha University's "quality managers." They are primarily accountable for ensuring that the various learning deliverables are of the highest quality and are delivered on time and as close to the customers as possible. Selecting and developing the schools training staff, selecting and managing key vendor relationships and continuously benchmarking their area against "best practices" are only a few of the Dean's responsibilities. Associate Deans, most of whom will be College Brothers, assist the Deans.

Trainers are critical to the success of the Alpha University. They are primarily accountable for designing and developing training modules and materials and will serve as the primary presenters and facilitators for each school. Brothers with skill in training and the desire/ability to become trainers will be recruited to teach Alpha University courses. External experts also will serve as instructors for some courses and workshops.

Chief Learning Officers Chief Learning Officer Associate Chief Learning Officer

Brother Phillip L.Jackson, Jr. Brother Zollie Stevenson, Jr.

College of Brotherhood Dean Associate Dean

Brother Ryle A. Bell College Brother

College of Leadership Dean Associate Dean

- Brother Percy Pollard - College Brother

College of Personal and Professional Development Dean Associate Dean

- Brother Robert Bedford - College Brother

College of Chapter & Officer Development Dean Associate Dean

- Brother Bruce Crawford - College Brother

College of National Programs and Special Projects Dean Associate Dean

- Brother Ronald Peters - Brother Richard Smith, Jr.

College of Business and Technology Dean Associate Dean

Brother Andre Watkins Brother Mark Tillman

College of Effective Implementation Dean Associate Dean

- Brother Norman Towels - College Brother

THE SPHINXâ&#x201E;˘ SUMMER 1999

VISION 2000 Colleges/Course Offerings Alpha University is organized under seven colleges, each headed by a Dean assisted by an Associate Dean. The seven colleges are the College of Brotherhood, College of Leadership, College of Personal and Professional Development, College of Chapter & Officer Development, College of National Programs and Special Projects, College of Business and Technology, and College of Effective Implementation.

The courses that will be offered under each college are identified below. Additional courses will be added to the list of course offerings as needed.

COLLEGE OF BROTHERHOOD • The Meaning of the Ritual • "Am I My Brother's Keeper?"

• Developing Effective Fraternal Relationships • Managing Conflicts Among Brothers • "Manly Deeds, Scholarship and Love for All Mankind" • The Meaning of Brotherhood

COLLEGE OF LEADERSHIP Leadership Versus Management Effective Communication Skills Vision Leadership Skills for the New Millennium The Meaning of Teamwork in the Millennium Effective Interpersonal Skills Empowering Chapter Members, Goal Setting

COLLEGE OF PERSONAL A N D PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT Resume Writing Interviewing Skills The Alpha Advisor My Team Player Style Professional Image Effective Presentation Skills How to "Network" for the Year 2000 and Beyond Personal Finances How to Prepare a Chapter Budget Successful Succession Planning

COLLEGE OF CHAPTER A N D OFFICER DEVELOPMENT Risk Management Training Officer Development: President, Vice President, Secretary, Treasurer, Historian, Chaplain, Director of Educational Activities, & Associate Editor to the Sphinx The Membership Coordinator

COLLEGE OF NATIONAL PROGRAMS A N D SPECIAL PROJECTS Go-to-High School, Go-to-College Project Alpha A Voteless People is a Hopeless People Leadership Training Institutes Rites of Passage Mentoring The Alpha Leadership Academy for College Chapter Leaders

COLLEGE OF BUSINESS A N D TECHNOLOGY

COLLEGE OF EFFECTIVE IMPLEMENTATION Alpha Collegiate Scholars Awards and Achievements Budget and Finance Ritual and Ceremonies Strategic Linkage and Planning Measurement and Evaluation Trainer Development Marketing and Communications Membership Intake

85lb ANNIVERSARY EDITION

Establishing a Chapter E-Mail Address How to Design a Chapter Web Page

VISION 2000 Risk Management Learning Tracks Alpha University exists to build the capacity of Brothers at all levels of the Fraternity to achieve and perform at higher levels of ability. To assist with the process of building capacity, Learning Tracks have been identified with a set of courses that Brothers should pursue as they become acclimated to the Fraternity and as they pursue various leadership roles within the organization. Five Learning Tracks have been developed: New Initiates, Reclaimed Brothers, Chapter Level Officers, Field Staff, and National Officers. Additional Learning Tracks may be added as needed.

Learning Track for N e w Initiates The Meaning of the Ritual "Am I My Brother's Keeper?"

Fundamentals of Alpha Leadership The Power of Teamwork Risk Management Overview of Chapter Officers and Their Roles National Programs and Projects Overview Membership Intake Process

Learning Track for Reclaimed Brothers The Meaning of the Ritual Managing Conflicts Among Brothers Risk Management Overview of Chapter Officers and their Roles Overview of National Programs and Projects The Meaning of Reclamation

Learning Track for Chapter Level Officers "Am I My Brother's Keeper?"

Fundamentals of Leadership Vision The Power of Teamwork My Team Player Style Overview of Chapter Officers and their Roles How to Prepare a Chapter Budget Successful Succession Planning Effective Chapter Marketing Public Relations Overview of National Programs and Projects The Awards and Achievement Process The Membership Intake Process Risk Management

Learning Track for Field Staff The Meaning of the Ritual "Am I My Brother's Keeper?"

The Role of Servant Leader The Role of the District Director The Role of the Area Director Overview of Chapter Officers and their Roles Overview of National Programs and Projects Overview of Awards and Achievements Risk Management Membership Intake Process

Learning Tracks for National Officers The Meaning of the Ritual Leadership versus Management Vision The Role of Board Members Succession Planning The National Programs and Projects Managing Change: Implementation Skills Organizational Development (National, Regional and District) Planning Successful Conventions and Conferences The Accounting and Budgeting Process for Leaders The Role of Servant Leader If you are interested in serving as a course developer or trainer for Alpha University, please provide a resume and contact information to the Office of Educational Activities at the Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc. Corporate Headquarters: Fax: (410) 554-0054 or E-mail: ZStevenson@aol.com. An Alpha University brochure is also available through the Corporate Headquarters.

Brother Zollie Stevenson, Jr., Ph.D., is National Director of Educational Activities for the Fraternity.

THE SPHINXâ&#x201E;˘ SUMMER 1999

VISION 2

VISION 2000

y2k Ready, Set, Go

MIS Committee Ensures Corporate Headquarters Readiness ror Inrormation Age

By Brother Andre Watkins s more and more companies increase their efforts to address Year 2000 problems and issues, many recognize this as an opportunity to replace their outdated legacy systems, underpowered desktop workstations, and insufficient networking infrastructure. In short, many companies are now cleaning their proverbial "information system house" in preparation for the new millennium. Such an effort is currently under way at the Corporate Headquarters of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc. To be sure, the lifecycle of technology in the area of information processing is advancing at an ever-increasing pace. This pace has proven difficult for even the most technically savvy to keep.

Imagine sitting across the table from an industry marketing representative and deciphering the following recommendation: "You need to implement a 100 Base-T fast ethernet network with a fiberoptic backbone, develop a function hierarchy document for your business functions, and create an E/R diagram for your data requirements in preparation for any enhancements to your information system". As a result, most companies are making a mad rush to align themselves with a technical partner capable of navigating them through these most difficult times. At Alpha Phi Alpha, the Management Information Systems Committee is relied upon to provide prompt problem resolution and professional consultation on a broad range of information management related issues.

A

The Corporate Headquarters Upon initial review of information management practices at the Corporate Headquarters, the work processes and consulting services being performed there clearly revolved around integrating various systems and business functions, including: membership management and intake, convention management, accounting, training, human resources, and product distribution. Missing from this dynamic, however, was the inherent synergy derived from having these disparate systems and functions performing in direct concert with one another without the requirement for manual intervention. Consequently, productivity and organizational flexibility have been unduly challenged. While examples are too numerous to mention here, the emerging need for an integrated enterprise management information system was clearly apparent.

Today, that need has become a reality! Having recently deployed a state-of-the-industry management information system, Alpha Phi Alpha has cleared a major hurdle in the marathon toward the year 2000. Operating from a shared repository of data, it is now possi85th ANNIVERSARY EDITION

ble to seamlessly transition complex data between different business functions, and combine data and operations from different functions. The immediate benefits of these extended capabilities are numerous, including: better efficiency, increased data integrity, and customer service improvements.

The Corporate Leadership As a geographically dispersed organization, it is understandable that the management and direction of Alpha Phi Alpha can be quite challenging. Frequently, our organizational leadership is required to virtually trot the country in fulfillment of their respective responsibilities of leadership. As part of our overall plan to "utilize technology wherever appropriate and applicable to facilitate the business of Alpha", the MIS Committee recommended installation of a state-of-the-industry remote access system. The goal of any remote access system is to bridge the gap between geographically dispersed business units. For our purposes, the model is quite a bit more ambitious. Not surprisingly, it is this tier (General President, Executive Director, General Officers, and Regional Vice Presidents) that will ultimately benefit the most from this recently completed major infrastructure improvement.

Ultimately, we envision the organizational leadership having a level of access that renders one's geographical location irrelevant.

Through the utilization of dial-up telephone lines and the Internet, Alpha Phi Alpha leadership will soon be able to connect directly to internal Corporate Headquarters systems in a real-time mode. This development will provide the necessary up-to-theminute reporting information critically important to those in the field who need it most.

Of course, immediate access to corporate information is really only half the battle, though...

Somehow, our leadership needs to extend their reach and presence to remote areas even when travel is not possible. For the overwhelming majority of us, however, our time commitments to Alpha Phi Alpha must invariably compete with the many other endeavors and pursuits of life. The Virtual Private Network (VPN) concept currently under review by the MIS Committee is aimed directly at easing, if not alleviating, such logistical barriers.

Through the utilization of the VPN, services such as audio/video conferencing, broadcasting and simulcasting will be accessible directly from a computer desktop. Imagine participating in a conference in Atlanta, Georgia, a meeting in Houston, Texas, and presenting a report at a Board of Directors meeting in Chicago,

VISION 2000 Illinois all on the same day and from the comfort of your home office in Los Angeles, California. You have no doubt seen the Microsoft commercials that ask, "Where do you want to go today?"... ultimately, our VPN will allow us to go wherever we want and allow us to decide what to do and how to do it when we get there.

The Brotherhood Let's take the VPN concept a little further. As a membership organization, our business must revolve around service to the Brothers. It is a well-documented fact that Alpha Phi Alpha members have, and always will, demand the highest quality service in whatever patronage we seek.

Our long-range plan for the VPN is to extend the reach of the Corporate Headquarters and organizational leadership down to the individual Brother. By implementing online business services, such as: • • • • • •

Online completion and submission of administrative forms Electronic payment of Grand Tax and Chapter Tax Electronic purchase of items from the Alpha Shop Online registration for conventions and conferences E-mail access to the corporate, regional, and district officers Online access to The Sphinx™ magazine archives

we effectively create a "virtual Corporate Headquarters" thereby extending the operating hours of the Corporate Headquarters to 24 hours a day and seven days a week. Again, all from the comfort of your home or office computer.

To be sure, this paradigm shift is a significant undertaking. It is a difficult, but necessary, process we must endure to strategically prepare ourselves for excellence in the information age. As Alpha Phi Alpha navigates the path toward year 2000 readiness it will be necessary for all of us, each Brother, to wrap our arms and hands around this process and help move it forward. In order to remain viable in the information age, we must always strive to maintain a position at or near the state-of-the-industry. A quick glance at the current mode of operation in corporate America will confirm that we are on the right track.

General President Adrian L. Wallace Establishes First MIS Committee As yet another step in the Vision 2000 plan for Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc., General President Wallace convened the first ever Management Information Systems committee. The mission is simple... "to prepare Alpha Phi Alpha for the ever-increasing challenges of the Information Age".

The formation of this committee has accelerated the operational capacity of the Corporate Headquarters. Like all good things, however, increased capacity comes with a price. The tremendous pressure, for example, to transition to a new information-processing paradigm while maintaining productivity has been met with substantial growing pains.

What will surely remain as a constant, however, is a pro-active approach in the application of emerging technologies in current and future business practices.

Interesting times indeed!

COMMITTEE REPRESENTATION FROM EVERY REGION Comprised of one member from each of the five regions, the MIS committee brings a broad range of skills, abilities, and perspectives to the technological challenges facing Alpha Phi Alpha.

• Eugene Aiken (Eastern) is a Manager of Information Systems for Montefiore Medical Center in New York, NY. • Eddie Henderson (Southern) is President of Rock Systems Solutions in Atlanta, GA. • Ronald Thomas (Southwestern) is the Manager of Technical Services for Infotech Solutions in Houston, TX. • Mark Tillman (Midwestern) is a Systems Engineer with Electronic Data Systems in Troy, MI. • Carl Moore (Western) is a systems consultant with Packard-Bell Corporation in Los Angeles, CA. Brother Andre Watkins is a Senior Systems Analyst with Global Paperless Solutions, Inc., an Information Technology consultancy in Alexandria, Virginia. He can be reached via e-mail at HYPERLINK mail to: awatkins@gopaperless.com

THE SPHINX™ SUMMER 1999

VISION 2

VISION 2000

WORLD POLICY COUNCIL PREPARES SECOND REPORT; WILL PRESENT AT GENERAL CONVENTION IN DALLAS ith three distinguished new membere in 1998-99, the Alpha Phi Alpha World Policy Council has been devoting its time during the year to consideration of three (3) major issues of interest to the Fraternity and society in general.

As reported by Council Chairman Brother Ambassador Horace G. Dawson, Jr. at the Educational and Economic Development Forum in Nassau last summer, the group is concentrating on (1) the U.S. relationship with the United Nations, with emphasis on U.S. dues obligations; (2) the governance crisis in Nigeria; and (3) the continuing problem of race in the U.S.

W

Selected as Council Chairman by Alpha Phi Alpha World Policy< Council members discussed concerns of the Fraternity and African-American comm Brother Adrian L Wallace Brother ^ w i t l } le8^lators during a meeting on Capitol Hill. Pictured here (left toright)are: Congressman Lee Hamilton (D) of Indiana. Brother Dr. HuelD. Perkins and Brother Dr. HoraceG. Dawson, Jr.

Dawson replaced Brother Senator Edward W. Brooke, who resigned to devote himself to his memoirs and was named Chairman Emeritus.

Brother Brooke was not only the first chairman but also the individual who originated the idea of such a body within Alpha Phi Alpha.

The Council was established in 1996 under the leadership of 29th General President Milton C. Davis, who acted on a recommendation from the previous year by Brother Brooke that such a group be organized by the Fraternity to "consider and reflect upon important issues of the day and to advise the Fraternity, the community and nation, regarding them."

Brother Brooke was named chairman of the seven-member Council, which consisted of, in addition to the distinguished chairman, the following group of notable Alpha Brothers: Ambassador Horace G. Dawson, Jr., Dr. (later Bishop) Cornelius Henderson, president of Gammon Theological Seminary; Attorney Clinton C. Jones, III, majority counsel, Committee on Banking and Financial Services, U.S. House of Representatives; Dr. Huel D. Perkins, executive assistant to the Chancellor, Louisiana State University; Dr. Henry Ponder, president and chief executive officer, National Association for Equal Opportunity in Higher Education (NAFEO); and Chuck Stone, Walter Spearman Professor of Journalism, Univeristy of North Carolina. Brother George H. 85'" ANNIVERSARY EDITION

Mitchell, Jr. of the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, Tufts University, was named Rapporteur.

Issued in 1996, the body's first report attracted widespread attention in government, education, and intellectual circles for its weighty reflections on six major issues—Nigeria, the AfricanAmerican family, Liberia, African-Americans and the environment, Bosnia, and housing. It received extensive attention in the press, was widely cited and became a discussion guide for Alpha Phi Alpha chapters throughout the U.S. and abroad.

This year's report, according to Brother Dawson, will be issued in connection with the General Convention in Dallas. "We are giving very serious thought to the three issues before us—the UN, Nigeria, and race—and hope to have ideas that will be of interest to decision-makers as well as to Brothers in Alpha."

Toward that end, he continued, "we have been holding regular discussions and have received the advice of experts on the issues under consideration."

Brother President Wallace named three new members to the World Policy Council, replacing, in addition to Brother Brooke, Brothers Henderson and Jones. Succeeding them were: Brother The Right Reverend Vinton R. Anderson.

Brother Anderson has been a bishop in the A.M.E. Church for nearly 30 years, having been elected in 1972. His ministry began in

VISION 2000 1952, following graduation with honors from Wilberforce University and Payne Theological Seminary. He also holds a master's degree in philosophy from the Kansas University and has studied at Yale University Divinity School. Bishop Anderson has been awarded several honorary doctorate degrees. He retired earlier this year as president of the World Council of Churches, the first AfricanAmerican to have held this position. Bishop Anderson presides over the Second Episcopal District of the A.M.E. Church, covering Washington, D.C., Maryland, Virginia and North Carolina.

Brother Dr. Bobby W. Austin.

Brother Austin is the President and CEO of the Village Foundation and formerly Program Director of the Kellogg National Fellowship Program at W.K. Kellogg Foundation. He has taught sociology at Georgetown University and was a Partner with Austin Ford Associates. He was at one time a consultant on American culture for the Honorable Joseph Duffey, then Chairman of the National Endowment for the Humanities. Brother Austin founded the Urban League Review and has served as a college administrator, editor, and policy consultant in education and humanities. He received degrees from Western Kentucky University (BA), Fisk University (MA), and McMaster Univeristy in Canada (Ph.D.). He also earned a diploma in 1986 from the Graduate School of Education, Harvard University.

Brother the Honorable Charles Rangel.

Brother Rangel is a member of the U.S. House of Representatives, where he is serving his fifteenth term as Representative for the 15th Congressional District of New York City, comprising the East and Central Harlem, the Upper West Side, and Washington Heights/Inwood. Congressman Rangel is the Ranking Member of the Committee on Ways and Means, Deputy Democratic Whip, and Dean of the New York State Congressional Delegation. He is a member of the Trade Subcommittee of the Committee on Ways and Means, with jurisdiction over all international trade agreements; the joint Committee on Taxation of the 105th Congress; and of the President's Export Council, among other bodies. Brother Rangel is the principal author of the five billion dollar Federal Empowerment Zone demonstration project to revitalize urban neighborhoods throughout America; he also is the author of the Low Income Housing Tax Credit, which is responsible for financing 90 percent of the affordable housing built in the U.S. in the last ten years. He formerly was Chairman of the Select Committee on Narcotics Abuse and Control, and was a founding Member of the Congressional Black Caucus. Brother Rangel is a graduate of New York University and St. John's University School of Law. He was awarded the Purple Heart and the Bronze Star in connection with his service in the U.S. Army in Korea, 1948-52.

Mr. Clathan McClain Ross is Rapporteur for the World Policy Council. A retired diplomat, he is on the staff of the Howard University Office of Development.

GENERAL P R E S I D E N T S MA. Morrison'

Daniel D. Fowler'

A. Maceo Smith"

James R. Williams

fir-st Genera! President, 1<J08 1909

Ninth General President, 1919-1920

Seventeenth General President, 1951-1954

Twenty-fifth General President, 1977-1980

Roscoe C. Giles*

Lucius L. McGee*

Frank L. Stanley, Jr.'

Second General President, 1909-1911

Tenth Genera! President, 1920-1921

Frederick H.Miller'

S.S.Booker'

MylesA.Paige'

Third General President, 1911-1912

Eleventh General President, 19211923

Nineteenth Genera! President, 1957-1960

Eighteenth General President, 1955-1957

Ozell Sutton Twenty-sixth General President, 19811984

Charles C.Teamer.Sr. Twenty-seventh General President, 1985-1988

Charles H. Garvin'

Raymond W. Cannon'

William H.Hale*

Henry Ponder

Fourth General President, 1912-1914

Twelfth General President, 1924-1928

Twentieth General President, 1960-1962

Twenty-eighth General President, 1989-1992

Henry L. Dickason'

B.Andrew Rose*

T.Winston Cole,Sr.

Milton C. Davis

Fifth General President, 1914-1915

Thirteenth General President, 1928-1931

Twenty-first General President, 1963-1964

Twenty-ninth General President, 1993-1996

HenryA.Callis'

Charles H.Wesley'

Lionel H. Newsom*

Adrian L.Wallace

Sixth General President, 1915-1916

Fourteenth General President, 19311940

Twenty-second General President, 1965-1968

Thirtieth General President, 1997-

Howard H. Long'

Rayford W Logan'

Ernest N. Morial'

Seventh General President, 1916-1917

Fifteenth General President, 1941-1945

Twenty-third General President. 1969-1972

William A. Pollard"

BelfordV.Lawson.Jr.'

Walter Washington

Eighth General President, 1918 1919

Sixteenth General President, 1946-1951

Twenty-fourth General President, 1973-1976

'Omega Chapter

THE SPHINXâ&#x201E;˘ SUMMER 1999

V I S I O N 2i'

VISION 2000

HISTORICAL COMMISSION TO BEGIN WORK ON VOLUME II OF FRATERNITY HISTORY

The General President, Executive Director and members of the Historical Commission paused for an official photograph during a recent meeting at the Fraternity s Corporate Headquarters in Baltimore. Pictured (seated, left to right) are: Executive Director Ronald L. Anderson, former Fraternity Historian Thomas D. Pawky, III, General President Adrian L Wallace, Publications Committee Chairman Harry B. Dunbar; (standing, left to right) are Brothers M. Rodney Robinson, Clint C. Wilson, II. Joseph T Durham, Julius E. Thompson and Director of Communications Seaton White. Brother Robert L. Harris, Jr. who is not pictured was named National Historian.

he newly named members of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity's Historical Commission have set as their first duty to close out Volume I of the organization's historyâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;Charles H. Wesley's The History of Alpha Phi Alphaâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;before beginning work on Volume II of the record. The Commission laid the plans for documenting Alpha Phi Alpha's history during a recent meeting at the Fraternity's Corporate Headquarters in Baltimore. In addition to closing out Volume I and beginning work on Volume II of the history, the Commission will look at other historical writings about the Fraternity that may be considered for publication.

General President Adrian L. Wallace, who named eight members to the Commission following an international search for Fraternity7 historians and scholars, gave the members a charge at their opening meeting to help maintain, document and preserve the significant events of the Fraternity.

"You are called to the enormous and humbling task of documenting the rich heritage of our illustrious Fraternity," Brother Wallace charged.

"However, your work involves more than merely the compilation of cold facts and events.

"You are entrusted with breathing life into the persons, events and circumstances that are part of the evolution of Alpha Phi Alpha. Your canvas is the backdrop of shifting social, political and economic climates in which Alpha Phi Alpha navigated."

The members named to the Historical Commission are Brothers Thomas D. Pawley, III, Ph.D., former Fraternity National Historian and Professor Emeritus of Speech and Theater of Lincoln University in Missouri; Julius E. Thompson, Ph.D., Director of the Black Studies Program and Associate Professor of History at the University of Missouri in Columbia; Clint C. Wilson, II, Ed.D., Professor of Journalism at Howard University; Robert L. Harris, Jr., Ph.D., Associate Professor of African Studies at Cornell University; Joseph T Durham, Ed.D, President Emeritus of Baltimore City Community College; Harry B. Dunbar, Ph.D., Professor Emeritus of Humanities at New York City Technical College of the City University of New York; M. Rodney Robinson, Senior Director, SNAP.com; and Seaton White, Fraternity Director of Communications. Brother Robert L Harris, Jr. was named the Fraternity's National Historian.

T

85'b ANNIVERSARY EDITION

VISION 2000

ION 2000 CORNELL UNIVERSITY PROFESSOR NAMED FRATERNITY HISTORIAN

Brother Robert L. Harris. Jr.

Brother Robert L. Harris, Jr., Ph.D., Special Assistant to the Provost at Cornell University in Ithaca, New York and Assistant Professor of African-American History at the University's Africana Studies and Research Center, has been named as the Fraternity's National Historian by General President Adrian L. Wallace.

Brother Harris, who formerly served as Director of the Africana Studies and Research Center, also will serve as chair of the Historical Commission. His first assignment will be to close out Volume I of The History ofAlpha Phi Alpha and then to begin work on Volume II of the History.

In addition to his work at Cornell, Brother Harris has served as Assistant Professor of American History at the University of Illinois/Urbana; Instructor of Social Science at Miles College in Birmingham, Alabama and as a 6th grade teacher at St. Rita Elementary School in Chicago.

He received his Bachelor of Arts degree from Roosevelt University in 1966 and his Master of Arts degree from Roosevelt in 1968.

He received his Ph.D. from Northwestern University in 1974.

Brother Harris' postdoctoral awards include the Rockefeller Foundation Humanities Fellow at the State University of New York/Buffalo; Visiting Associate at Smithsonian Institution; W.E.B. DuBois Institute Fellow at Harvard University; Ford Foundation Postdoctoral Fellowship for Minorities; Rockefeller Foundation Research Fellowship for Minority-Group Scholars; and the National Endowment for the Humanities Fellowship.

He is author of Teaching African-American History, 2nd Edition, published in 1992 and has contributed numerous chapters for books and articles. Some of his recent contributions include writing, "Segregation and Scholarship: The American Council of Learned Societies Committee on Negro Studies, 1941-50" in African American Sociology; introductory essays and serving as Advisory Editor for African American History in the Press, 1851-1899; preparing the Introduction ImAn American Dilemma: The Negro Problem and Modern Democracy; and "Racial Equality and the United Nations Charter" mNew Directions in Civil Rights Studies.

Some of his published articles include "The Rise of the Black Middle Class" in The World & I magazine; "Dilemmas in Teaching African American History" in Perspectives: The American Historical Association Newsletter; "Dalla Storia Alia Politica: I Compiti e Gli Obiettivi di Una Storiografia Sugli AfroAmericani" in Prometeo; and "Historians/Historiography" in Encyclopedia of AfricanAmerican Culture and History.

Brother Harris also has written a number of dictionary entries, book reviews, manuscript reviews and has served as invited lecturer at numerous institutions around the country. His lengthy list of professional activities includes serving as president of The Association for the Study of Afro-American Life and History and as General Editor of Twaynes African American History Series.

Brother Harris was initiated into the Fraternity on April 25, 1963 through Theta Chapter in Chicago. He served as president of Theta Chapter in 1964 and as Midwestern Assistant Vice President in 1964-65. He is a former member of Xi Lambda Chapter in Chicago and is a founder of Omicron Beta Lambda Chapter in Champaign, Illinois.

He lives in Ithaca, New York with his wife, Anita, who is a member of the Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Inc. and is employed as a human resources consultant at Cornell University. They have three daughters, two are graduates of Cornell University and have careers as an attorney and engineer. A third daughter graduated this Spring from Harvard University.

THE SPHINXâ&#x201E;˘ SUMMER 1999

THE ORIGINS OF THE SPHINX™ MAGAZINE This special 85th Anniversary section chronicles the history of The Sphinx™ using the words of some of those who have served as Editor of the magazine. Brother Raymond W. Cannon, the first Sphinx™ Editor, takes us back to the origins of the magazine in his article written for the magazine's Golden Jubilee Edition in 1964. The article has been reprinted for the current issue. The five living former Editors of The Sphinx™ each supply a perspective of the publication from the period of their editorship. [Brother C. Anderson Davis, who has gone through a brief illness, requested that we reprint one of his Editor's articles.]

For 85 years, the African-American community has looked to The Sphinx™ for its profound insight on issues of the day. The first edition of the magazine was printed in March 1914—two years after the decision to publish the journal had been made. General Vice President Raymond W. Cannon edited the first magazine that was published by the Fraternity's Printing Committee, which was chaired by Brother J.C. McKelvie. The masthead declared that the journal would be published eight times per year [monthly from October to May], however, practical considerations had already forced a delay in the debut issue and a quarterly plan was adopted as more feasible.

Plans for the expansion and improvement of The Sphinx™ were envisioned from the start. In the magazine's first editorial, Brother Cannon wrote: "Brothers, this is but a modest little sheet, but remember it is but a beginning. Help us."

With that entreaty, the first Fraternity journal was launched.

THE SPHINX™ (Reprinted from the June 1 9 6 4 Sphinx™, Volume L, No. 2)

EDITOR'S NOTE: No better description of the circumstances and events surrounding the founding of The Sphinx™ magazine in 1914 has been told than the words offered by Brother Raymond W. Cannon, the magazine sfirst Editorin-Chief in his article written for the publication's Golden jubilee Edition in 1964. The article that first appeared in The Sphinx™ 35 years ago has been reprinted in its entirety for this 85th Anniversary Edition. Brother Cannon, an outstanding Minneapolis Attorney, after serving as Sphinx™ Editor', later served as General President ofAlpha Phi Alpha, from 1924-27, and held various other offices and positions of leadership in the Fraternity.

By B r o t h e r R a y m o n d W. C a n n o n Editor, 1 9 1 4 have endeavored to find old papers and documents to refresh my memory on this subject, but find I shall have to rely upon memory almost entirely.

The Sixth General Convention met in December 1913, at the seat of Beta Chapter, at Howard University in Washington, D.C. In those days, housing the delegates was a stupendous task for the entertaining chapter. First class hotels and public accommodations then were not available to us, and for the most part delegates were placed in private homes at varying distances from the business sessions, and very inconvenient since our transportation was largely by streetcar. Our business sessions were held in one of the lecture rooms of the University. The Fraternity had grown to 15 chapters, all undergraduate, except Alpha Lambda in Louisville, Kentucky.

The General President, Brother Charles H. Garvin, proposed that the Fraternity establish a Journal and outlined to the Committee his ideas. He gave the Committee a copy of The Hampton Student to serve as a model. The chairman of this Committee was Brother Julius C. McKelvie, a medical student at Howard University. The Committee reported favorably and the Convention voted to establish The Sphinx™ to be published quarterly and distributed to the membership.

The purpose of the Fraternity journal was manifold. President Garvin explained that it was intended to keep each chapter informed of what every other chapter was doing, to report on the progress of each chapter, and to have the chapters present and discuss their problems. It was felt that a free exchange of information among the Chapters would be beneficial to them and the membership as a whole. It also was intended to show outstanding achievements of individual members in order to stimulate the

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ambitions of others throughout the organization. It was thought at that time that The Sphinx™ would served to bind the chapters closer together and hold them in the interim between the General Conventions. In our early years, there was much concern on our part as to the survival and expansion of the Fraternity. The chapters were widely scattered over a wide area and were few in number, therefore, it was necessary that some such instrument be created and made to function as immediately as possible.

There was only one General Vice President and he was the chairman of the Committee on Delinquent and Unrepresented Chapters. It meant a lot of long hours and hard work. We had no typewriters, no office expenses, and we had to write our own letters in longhand. Brother Henry Lake Dickason was our General Secretary and members were eager to have him to write their shingles because of his excellent and beautiful penmanship. The measure providing for the establishment of our journal specified that the General Vice President should be its Editor-in-Chief, a rather large title for so small a publication. Each chapter was to elect an Associate Editor. The Editor-in-Chief received, compiled and arranged the material, "edited it," drafted the "dummy" and sent it all in to be printed. The/chairman of the Printing Committee turned it over to a printing firm in Washington, D.C, headed by a Mr. James Brown, who I was informed later was a brother of our illustrious Brothers Sydney P. and Oscar C. Brown of Chicago.

The Sphinx™ was manned to be a quarterly publication, butt only three issues were printed the first year. However, The Sphinx™ "Caught on;" the membership was enthusiastic; and even in those days of its inception, now and then, a member would complain about not having received his copy—just as they do today. One fact is certain, The Sphinx™ did a magnificent job of stimulating THE SPHINX™ SUMMER 1999

S5TH AKMVl-.RSAl^ interest among the entire membership. It endeavored to keep the Brothers informed, both on our fraternal affairs as well as on matters in general which were thought appropriate and having some bearing on our work. We pioneered, feeling our way as we went along; and over the years, through trial and error, eventually we developed an organ which could speak to America and the world, not only about Alpha Phi Alpha, but could and did interpret our men of college grade in their aims, ambitions and ideals. Other fraternities, even the sororities, composed principally of members of our race took due note of The Sphinx™ and each established an excellent journal. I recall that later when I became General President one of the fraternities contacted me for information to aid it in respect to its official publication.

The Sphinx™ took up the fight as soon as the Go-to-High School, Go-to-College campaign

S V* Jf\

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was inaugurated. It played its

part very well, furnishing information, encouragement and inspiration to the chapters and the membership throughout the nation. In those days, all the general officers worked as one big team, and the Fraternity got things done and accomplished results.

The Sphinx™ carried the guidelines and the instructions, early in the year, and the chapters thus were helped immeasurably.

Some of our able Brothers answered scurrilous attacks upon the Fraternity, some times upon our race, through the columns of The Sphinx™. Just now, I recall an incident when we met in Chicago at the Seventh General Convention. We were informed that a representative from a great [African-American] daily wanted to sit in our Convention and "cover it." He was informed that this could not be done. A few days later a scathing indictment of Alpha Phi Alpha appeared in this paper, and because an application for a chapter had been received from one of the Southern states and was disapproved because of standards, this paper proceeded to condemn our Fraternity in bold type, suggesting even that we were a "blue vein" society and that we should remain out of Chicago forever. It was then that Brother Henry Lake Dickason who had become General President rose to the occasion, as he usually did and used The Sphinx™ to make a most eloquent reply.

V

85'" ANNIVERSARYEDITION

What has The Sphinx™ done, you ask? It has done many things for the Fraternity and our race. It has beckoned to halting youths standing on the threshold of life and given to them direction and guidance; it has created and maintained a very profound respect for our great Fraternity; the so-called "leaders of the race" were compelled to read it in order to know and understand the [African-American] college man and get the interpretation of his aims, purposes and thought on the vital matters in which we are so deeply interested. The Sphinx™ has praised and commended us in our strength and has given us Brotherly constructive criticism in our weakness. For the most part its editors have been frank and courageous men and they have printed what they believed to be good for the Fraternity and good to be read by all of its membership. Some were journalists or students in journalism; some were lawyers, business men, ministers, professional editors and newspaper men, pharmacists, etc., but they were dedicated Brothers and that spells out the reasons that they were able to do such a good job at all times.

In the later years, Brothers have not discussed Fraternity problems as they should. Some years ago, one of the Brothers attempted to do so, and the then General Secretary, because the Brother had "stepped on his toes," took it upon himself to maneuver around and have the Brother suspended, alleging he was discussing things secret. Nevertheless, courageous Brothers still exist and they are re-kindling the urge to "report."

Since the inexorable laws of Nature have caused so many of those who labored in the forefront during the formative years of Alpha to leave us and pass into the great beyond, it is well for some of us who remain and can do so to reduce to writing the important events of yesteryear—such as we do not find in our history volumes for the benefit of our younger members. Now that I am retired, I hope to make some contribution in this respect.

S5TLT ANNiVHRRARY ALPHA—ENDLESS PROCESSION OF SPLENDOR EDITOR'S NOTE: Brother C. Anderson Davis was recovering at his home in Houston, Texas following a brief illness at the time this 85th Anniversary Edition Sphinx™ was published and was not able to prepare an article for the magazine. He graciously asked if his column that appeared in the Golden Jubilee Edition Sphinx™ could be reprinted in place of a new submission. Brother Davis was Editorin-Chief when the magazine celebrating the 50th Anniversary of The Sphinx™ was published in May-June 1964. Following is his Editor's Column written for the celebrated edition.

By B r o t h e r C . A n d e r s o n Davis Editor, 1962-65 len England was in the darkest hours of her ' destiny—discouraged, almost ready to surrender to the forces of evil and darkness—a leader stepped forth and motivated inspiration and hope that brought an almost dead nation to life again. Sir Winston Churchill proclaimed, in this dark hour: "We shall not flag. We shall go on to the end...We shall fight with growing confidence.. .Whatever the cost may be.. .We shall never surrender."

This is the situation in which the [AfricanAmerican] found himself at the turn of the 20th century. He was despised; he knew not where to turn. The militant, sincere [African-American] leader was called a fool and the [African-American] scholar was considered a joke. He was rarely respected or heeded.

The [African-American] student was in a "bad way" with a constant struggle and barriers of every kind always before him. On the large Northern college campuses where a few [African-American] students had gathered, seeking knowledge and opportunity, they were there and not there. They were students, but not "first class" students. They were discriminated against and relegated to a sort of compromising status. £ Thanks to our Creatot ihere^as a group of students on the campus of Cornell yBroefSir ^hj> $ss not afraid to tackle the problems confronting-tllem. They saw the light of day, even in the midst of blackened night.

What shall we do to gain respect and first class status? How shall we cope with thejjpflij>fcr|h]fims facing us? How can we help our race gain first-class citizenship? These were some of the questions for which they soOghl answers that they might surmount the hellish problems, wnmwere gnawing at the very roots of their existence.

V1 ^fo\ % They might haw gi\ ei i up, as rainy before them had done, but the echoes from afar seemed to stir them to battle: a quitter never wins and a winner never quits, These students could not fail for they were made of that intangible stuff that never ceases to move forward—splendor had found birth in their hearts.

In the midst of trouble, discouragement and suppressed ambi-

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tions, there came forth out of the collective personality of Cornell University a small group of students who dared face the future and to do something about the problems at hand. They said to the world: "We shall not flag or fail. We shall go on to the end.. .we shall fight with growing confidence.. .whatever the cost may be.. .we shall never surrender."

Behold the likeness and spirit of Charles H. Chapman, Henry A. Callis, Robert H. Ogle, James H. Morton, C.C. Poindexter, G.R. Thompkins, E. Kinckle Jones, Lemuel Graves, Gordon Jones, Vertner W Tandy, George B. Kelley, Nathaniel A. Murray and the great host of others who have joined the Alpha— Endless Procession of Splendor and march daily toward the "Promised Land."

These men were greatly in service to all mankind, they loved their neighbors. They saw the obtainment of excellence as a way of life that leads to equality, respect and goals for which we reach. Problems were not barriers by which one could be stopped but challenges to move and aspire. Many students who could not have the physical things desired and needed and at the same time pursue an education, chose the former. With these men it was not EITHER, OR, it was BOTH-AND. THEY WERE CALLED UPON TO BE GREAT. These founders of a great American movement were pioneers.

They might have given up and been lost to posterity; they might have taken an easier way and done nothing, but they were restless men—men of character—men who felt that they must do something for future generations in response to human destiny—AND THEY DID. There is an interesting story found in the Old Testament Book of Genesis. It tells how Abraham, the man proclaimed as Father Abraham by the Hebrew people, was told by Yehwah to get out of the land of Ur of the Chaldees and go into the land of Canaan. "Get thee out to thy country, and from thy kindred, and from thy father's house, unto a land that I will show thee." Abraham might have stayed under the roof and cloak of his father's house, he might have been satisfied with the little world of Ur of the Chaldees, but he obeyed God, he obeyed destiny, he obeyed his calling and moved THE SPHINX™ SUMMER 1999

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S5T1T A1\MYBRSAK\ from the realm of safety and contentment unto a wider horizon of exploration.

He was the first pioneer of the Bible, and our founders, sons of Cornell, were the first pioneers of Greek-letter Fraternalism among [African-Americans]. They moved out, they sought new frontiers and they conquered.

Life is like a relay race. One takes a flag and runs a distance and passes it on to another, then another, on and on the go until the finishing line is crossed. The first runner may not be there but that does not mean that he did not have a part in the victory for he helped to speed the one who reached the final lap. All who participated were integral parts of the victory.

The founders of Alpha Phi Alpha could hardly envision the splendor of this movement in those early days. Thousands of Brothers have sacrificed that her torch be not dimmed and the glory might burst forth far beyond the vision of that small group at Cornell in 1905 looking down the telescope of time.

Only one is physically on the scene, but the others lock hands with us and share the splendor, for they helped to speed us on. Life like an endless procession moves on, and even those who have passed into Omega are a part of this great, successful procession of splendor that reaches back beyond 1905 to 1964 and shall I go on and on infinitely.

The establishment of Alpha was of the spirit, these \ founders had an inner urge that bade them move forward. The glory of human history is in its pioneers.

Webster defines a pioneer as "one who goes before, as into the wilderness, preparing the way for others to follow." The pioneer may be moved by one or many urges: inner restlessness, ambition, and a thirst for the new and undiscovered. Whatever it is that sends him forward, he is often a creative force in the destiny of mankind. Think of Columbus sailing toward land which he knew not of, or Booker T, Washington traveling to a school not yet established. They had the stuff that tries men's souls—so did our founders. They were pioneers; they belong to the company of the daring.

Always, the pioneer will have discouragements. The way of any man or men who go out ahead is not easy. These early founders must have had wistful moments as they struggled in those early days. But they were seeking the "Promised Land" and dared not turn back. "He who puts his hand to the plow and turns back is not fit for the kingdom."

Our founders had taken a great step in 1905 and 1906. First the Social Study Club and finally Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity. Then in 89 ANNIVERSARY EDITION

1914 came a great BOLD NEW ADVENTURE—THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE SPHINX™. A new group of pioneers came forth: Charles H. Garvin, Henry Lake Dickason, Raymond W Cannon, Julius C. McKelvie and others. These men saw the need for a media of communication, a binding force, an organ through which Brothers could express their views, a vessel to carry forth the mandates and promotion of the organization and a voice to announce the activities and findings.

The first issue of The Sphinx™, completed in February 1914, was a very meager one—a brochure with 1 a few pages and a dirth 1 of journalistic material. f But mind you, it was an effort filled with ambi: tion and fraternal spirit f that 50 years later bursts - forth into full bloom to demand the respect and 1 attention of Brothers and the national community.

WHAT SHALL WE SAY OF THE SPHINX™? IT HAS F BEEN THE VOICE SOUNDING THE CALL TO ALPHA'S THOUSANDS—MARCH FORig»«* WARD—WITH THE ENDLESS PROCESSION OF SPLENDOR, WHICH IS OURS TODAY AND FOREVER MORE, and never a backward look nor step.

Alpha has participated and cooperated with every outstanding, progressive movement for good, staged on the American scene and her sons have been in the forefront of every outstanding civic, political, religious and social endeavor.. .Alpha Brothers have a great heritage to be proud of, but more, an opportunity and a responsibility to the cause for all mankind.

Alpha is called upon today to render a vital service to [AfricanAmericans], the nation and the world. An organization of college men can ill-afford to be just a social organization, seeking "a good time" or selfish gain. WE MUST BE ABOUT THE BUSINESS AT HAND. Our Fraternity has come a long way and its official magazine, The Sphinx™, has come along with it. WHERE SHALL WE GO FROM HERE? Justice William 0. Douglas [while riding a taxicab] passed the Archives building in Washington, D.G. and asked the driver if he had noticed the inscription on the front of the building. "Yes," was the reply. The driver was then asked if he knew the meaning of the phrase, which is the preface, or introduction, to the inscription: "THE PAST IS PROLOGUE." "Yes," the driver hastily replied, "Thev mean, You AIN'T SEEN NOTHING YET." The Sphinx™ shall keep abreast with the progress of our time, playing its role in the national and international endeavors while kindling the torch that brightens the path for the enormous ALPHA—ENDLESS PROCESSION OF SPLENDOR.

S5TH ANNIVERSARY EDITORS NOTE: Brother George M. Daniels served as Editor-in-Chief of The Sphinx™ during one of the most tumultuous periods in the country's history—the late 1960s. Brother Daniels guided the Fraternity's coverage of the mourning and riots that followed the assassination of Brother Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. He also was tasked with giving a journalistic response to the assassination of Sen. Robert F Kennedy. Today Brother Daniels continues to lead an active life in New York City where he resided while serving as Sphinx™ Editor.

By Brother George M. Daniels Editor, 1 9 6 6 - 1 9 6 8 The Splrinx™ has been caught up in an interminable wheel of change ever since its beginning 85 years ago as the official publication of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc. It is currently the second oldest magazine in the African-American community, predated only by The Crisis, which was founded four years earlier by the NAACP. In its earliest days, The Sphinx™ was never perceived as one-day becoming a flashy, advertisement-filled magazine comparable to those published by companies with large staffs and monumental budgets. It has, however, grown to be a lively, well-edited and attractively designed quarterly that is jam-packed with meaty information and undoubtedly serves its constituency quite well.

The current magazine is the result of the gradual growth and years of struggle and change. There were times when editors were changed frequently—sometimes annually. Through the years, The Sphinx™ has had 21 editors, most of them being elected at General Conventions. A few were appointed. However they were chosen, most were highly successful practitioners in medicine, education, law, business, government, journalism and other notable endeavors.

They were Brothers who somehow found time during their busy schedules and family responsibilities to edit The Sphinx™.

The frequent shuffling of editors made it impossible for the Fraternity to establish an efficient publishing operation. Wherever the editor lived is where The Sphinx™ was edited, where printers were chosen and subscriptions were processed.

The Sphinx™ miraculously survived this chaotic existence until 1975 when the Fraternity, at its General Convention in Miami, Florida, voted to lodge The Sphinx™ in its Corporate Headquarters, located on Chicago's Southside. By doing this, and by hiring an editor as part of its corporate staff, the Fraternity improved the efficiency of its overall operation and simultaneously resolved the contentious issue of how editors were to be chosen—a debate that had lasted nearly 60 years.

This single administrative change contributed significantly to the development of The Sphinx™ into the type of journal its founders envisioned originally. Few Brothers know this vision better than Brother Raymond W. Cannon, the first Editor-in-Chief of The Sphinx™.

It was approximately two years before publication of the inaugural issue of The Sphinx™ that Alpha Phi Alpha's leadership,

which included Brother Cannon who was Vice President, imagined The Sphinx™ as "a publication that would bind Fraternity members closer into a more compact and cohesive body of members and generate a togetherness in aims, ideals, spirit and purpose."

The Sphinx™1, Brother Cannon says, "was envisioned as being the cement that would strengthen the bonds and hold the interest of the chapters and members in the interim between the General Conventions.

When the first issue of The Sphinx™ made its appearance in March 1914, it was no more than a crude six-page, two-column newsletter, including a two-page insert. The Sphinx™ today is an attractive four-color quarterly magazine that averages between 52 and 80 pages of news and feature articles and photographs that highlight graduate and undergraduate activities. It promotes Fraternity-wide programs and, in its columns and editorials, states in unequivocal language the Fraternity's stance on political and social issues that cause its members deep discomfort.

From its small and inspired beginning, The Sphinx™ has become a virtual supermarket of information and ideas that help to keep Alphamen and their families broadly informed about their Fraternity and the programs and issues that concern them—just as the Fraternity's early leaders had hoped.

General President Lionel Newsom (far right) visits with Editor-in-Chief George Daniels (far left) and other Alpha Phi Alpha Brothers at Alpha Gamma Lambda Chapter's house in New York City where The Sphinx™ office was locatedfor a brief period. Brother Mai Goods is pictured, secondfrom left.

THE SPHINX™ SUMMER 1999

85X11 ANMVRRSAl^ THE SERIOUS AND FUN SIDE OF JEWEL VERTNER WOODSON TANDY EDITOR'S NOTE: Brother J. Herbert King had the distinction of serving twice as Editor-in-Chief of The Sphinx™, holding the position from 1969-1972 and again from 1973-1974. As Sphinx™ Editor, he was entrusted with the writings ofsome of the Fraternity's most distinguished members—among them was Brother Roscoe C. Giles who servedfrom 1909-1911 as the Fraternity's Second General President.

Brother Giles later served as president of the Cook County Plyysicians Association and the National Medical Association. Here Brother King relates one of the stories Brother Giles wrote for The Sphinx™, looking back at the early days of the Fraternity's members at Cornell University.

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By Brother J. Herbert King Editor, 1969-72,1973-74

The Fraternity's Second General President Roscoe C. Giles—who was initiated through Alpha Chapter at Cornell University in 1907—enjoyed writing articles for The Sphinx™ during my tenure as Editor-in-Chief.

Having been initiated into Alpha Phi Alpha only one year after the organization was founded, Brother Giles was well acquainted with the Fraternity's Jewels and loved telling stories about their college and postgraduate days. Here is part of one of Brother Giles' stories that appeared in the May-June 1974 Sphinx™ (Volume 60, Number 2).

In the article, Brother Giles describes many of the attributes of Jewel Tandy; i.e. the Jewel Founder was a champion in the fight for the admission of African-American women to Sage College. He continues the discussion of Jewel Tandy by relating the following tale: Brother Jewel Vertner W. Tandy was from Kentucky. He was an excellent student and a very promising architect. St. Philips Protestant Episcopal Church in New York City stands as a testament. s$ to his architectural genius. Later, he became a vestryman of St. Philips under the late Brother Father Shelton Hale Bishop ^-' Brother Tandy also was a fighter for the principles for which believed, Brother Giles continues in the article. . ,gm The Dean of the College of Architecture at Cornell was to the Dean of Women at Sage College. The Dean of Women was from Virginia and adamant about refusing to accept AfricanAmerican women into Sage College. Brother Tandy led the fight against this pernicious practice. His efforts culminated in the admission of African-American women to the school.

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Brother Giles, who spoke with high affection for the Jewels, also lets us know that Brother Jewel Tandy was not a paragon of virtue I suppose his genius gave him license, Brother Giles states in 85lh ANNIVERSARY EDITION

the article. He would at times be an ardent devotee at the Shrine of Becchus and Aphrodite.

During one of his excursions, Tandy disappeared from the house for a week, Brother Giles continued. Fearing something serious had happened to him, we held a council of strategy, deciding if Tandy did not show up by noon Saturday it would be necessary to report his absence to the provost.

When we came home Saturday, we went to Tandy's room where we found him in a deep sleep. Attempts to interrogate him were futile. We were never able to get a word of explanation out of him about the absence.

Two weeks later, a man in clerical garb came to the home inquiring for the Reverend Vertner W. Tandy, Brother Giles writes. We told him there was no minister living at our house. The gentleman was insistent that Reverend Tandy did, in fact, live at 214 Hozen Street. Reverent Tandy, he said, weighed about 230 pounds, was clean-shaven, of light-brown complexion and wore nose glasses.

The FBI could not have given a better description of our distinguished Jewel, Brother Giles writes.

Finally, the minister let us in on a secret—although he did not know all the facts of the secret himself.

Brother Tandy, it developed, had ,one to the minister's town, ended up in riotous living and had become orokeJNot having funds to return to Ithaca, lit' had gone to the pastor and preached a sermon for him.

The minister had lifted a collecJmt-ioptie benefit of his itinerant assistantvwhich enabled Tandy to accomplish his objective, the story continued. Tandy, out of gratitude, told the minister that if he ever came to Ithaca to look him up.

85TH RNNIV€fiSRfiV

ON THE COVER: Sphinx™

COV€R

magazine covers dating back to the first issue in March 1914 are featured on the front cover of this 85th Anniversary Edition. Historic photos featured in some of the magazines also are presented. Descriptions of the featured images are listed below.

St. Philip's Episcopal Church in New York City, which was designed by Jewel Brother Vertner Woodson landy, who was the state of [Jew York's first registered African-American architect.

The first meeting place of the Social Study Club. Mr. Edward Newton's residence at 421 North Albany Street in Ithaca, New York.

Cover of the first edition of Ihe Sphinx ™ that was published in March 1914.

Cover of the April 1917 Sphinx ™ magazine.

From the cover of the February 1943 Sphinx ™ , Brothers serving in the military during World War II were in Eondon, England when they came upon this statue of Abraham Lincoln.

Campus of Cornell University, 1905.

The cover of the October 1955 Sphinx ™ featured the Fraternity's headquarters at 4432 South Parkway in Chicago, IL

8. Rho Eambda Chapter's team, the first Alpha Basketball learn to be formed in Buffalo, is featured in the February 1948 Sphinx 9. From the February 1947 Sphinx ™ , six Brothers who served as college and university presidents come together for the General Convention in Columbus, Ohio. All six of the college and univer sity presidents served as delegates to the conclave.

10. Brother Raymond W. Cannon (left) had just been admitted to practice before the United States Supreme Court when this photo that appeared in the October 1947 Sphinx ™ was taken. Brother Cannon was presented to the court by Brother Belford V. Lawson (right).

11. Ihe former Fraternity Headquarters building, located at 4432 Dr. Martin Euther King, Jr. Drive in Chicago.

12. Cover of the Golden Jubilee Birth Month Edition Sphinx ™ that was published in February 1964.

THE SPHINX™ SUMMER 1999

13. Brother Raymond aym W. Cannon was featured on the cover of the Spring 1984 Sphinx ™ that cele brated the 70th Anniversary of the magazine.

14. From the February 1947 Sphinx ™ , Brother Henry Arthur Callis (front row, fourth from right) is pictured with delegates to the Southern Regional Conference in Memphis, fennesse.

15. From the Spring-Summer 1948 Sphinx ' M 6th General President Belford V. Eawson climaxed the Annual Education and Citizenship Week activities in Atlanta by presenting the address for the morning worship service. He is pictured with Alpha Rho Chapter and Alpha Phi Chapter Brothers on the steps of the Administration Building.

16. Brother Bennie D. Brown, General Secretary, officially opens the door of Alpha Phi Alpha's new headquarters at 3456 South State Street in Chicago in this photo from the Spring-Summer 1948 Sphinx™.

85'" ANNIVERSARY EDITION

17. Ihe cover of the Winter 1983 Sphinx ™ magazine celebrated the new Martin Euther King, Jr. Holiday with a photo of Brother King from the 1963 March on Washington.

18. Brother Charles H. Wesley, 14th General President and Historian-Emeritus, was featured on the cover of the Fall 1987 magazine following his entry into Omega Chapter.

19. Ihe cover of the October 1922 edition of The Sphinx ™ . Brother Carl. J. Murphy served as Editorin-Chief for the magazine before later becoming publisher of the Afro-American newspapers.

28. Ihe cover of the Winter 1995 Sphinx ™ , featuring the Providence-St. Mel School in Chicago.

21. The current Alpha Phi Alpha Corporate Headquarters building, located at 2313 St. Paul Street 22. Ihe cover of the Spring 1997 Sphinx ™ , featuring General President Adrian L. Wallace.

23. Ihe cover of the Spring 1999 African-American History Edition Sphinx ™ .

ALPHA M l ALPHA FRATERNITY. INC. 93RD ANNIVERSARY CONVENTION 83RD GENERAL CONVENTION July 29 - August 2, 1999 Wyndham Anatole Hotel • 2201 S l e m m o n s Freeway • Dallas Texas75207Tel:(214)7481200 • Fax:(214)7617520

• • COHVEHTIOH ACTIVITIES RHD HIGHLIGHTS •

•

CONVENTION SCHEDULE 9:30 AM

1:00 PM 4:00 PM

6:00 PM

SATURDAY, JULY 31

THURSDAY, JULY 29 Board of Directors' Meeting (B) Education Foundation Meeting (B) Building Foundation Meeting (B) World Policy Council Meeting (B) Registration (B, L, Y) Alpha University Committee Meeting Awards Committee Meeting (B) Elections Committee Meeting (B) Historical Commission Meeting (B) MLK, Jr. Memorial Committee Meeting (B) Publications Committee Meeting (B) Strategic Planning Committee Meeting (B) Welcome Reception (B, L)

7:00 AM 7:30 AM 9:00 12:00 2:30 6:00 7:00

AM NN AM PM PM

7:00 9:00 10:00 3:00 5:30 6:30

AM Aerobics (B, L) AM Registration (B, L, Y) AM Ecumenical Worship Service (P) PM Public Program (P) PM Board Buses to Texas Barbecue (P) PM Texas Barbecue (P, @) (Hosted by Local Chapters)

SUNDAY, AUGUST 1

FRIDAY, JULY 30 7:00 AM 7:30 AM 8:00 AM 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 12:00 NN 2:00 PM

Aerobics (B, L) Registration (B, L, Y) Leadership Breakfast hosted by Disney World LEGISLATIVE SESSION I (B) College Brothers Luncheon (B) LEGISLATIVE SESSION II (B) Collegiate Scholars Bowl Finals (P) Oratorical Contest (P)

Aerobics (B, L) Registration (B, L, Y) Golf Tournament (P, @) Tennis Tournament (P, @) OPENING SESSION/FIRST BUSINESS SESSION (B) Martin Luther King, Jr. Fraternal Luncheon (B) Committee Meetings (B) Board of Directors' Orientation (B) 2:30 PM Workshops/Seminars (B) 3:30 PM College Brothers Commission (B) 5:00 PM Regional Caucuses (B) 7:00 PM Miss Black & Gold Pageant (P, @) 10:00 PM Step Contest/After Midnight Dance (P, @)*

MONDAY, AUGUST 2 7:00 AM Aerobics (B, L) 7:30 AM Life Membership Breakfast (B) 9:00 AM Project Alpha Community Service Program (B) Alpha University & Workshops/Seminars (B) 12:30 PM Economic Development Luncheon (P) 2:30 PM FINAL BUSINESS SESSION 6:30 PM Black & Gold Reception (P) 7:30 PM Black & Gold Formal Awards Banquet (P, @) 10:00 PM Black & Gold Entertainment (P, @) TUESDAY, AUGUST 3 8:00 AM

LEGEND:

B = Brothers

L = Ladies

Board of Directors' Meeting (B)

P = Public

@ = Fee Event

Tickets available at Step Contest.

Note: Schedule listings are tentative and subject to revision.

Those desiring group seating at the Formal Banquet or Fashion Show Luncheon should send their registrations andfees in together, indicating on the forms that they would like group seating.

All requests for refunds must be made in writing. A $25 administrative fee will be applied to all refunds. Also, 50 percent of the registration fee will be returned to those whose written requests are received afterJune 30, 1999- No requests for refunds will be honored after August 15, 1999-

LADIES ACTIVITIES 1:00 PM 3:00 PM 6:00 PM 7:00 AM 7:30 AM 9:00 AM 7:00 PM 7:00 AM 7:30 AM 11:00 AM 12:00 NN 3:00 PM 7:00 AM 9:00 AM 10:00 AM 3:00 PM 5:30 PM 6:30 PM

7:00 AM 7:30 AM 9:00 AM 12:00 PM 2:00 PM 6:30 PM 7:30 PM 10:00 PM

THURSDAY, JULY 29 Registration (L) Hostess Reception (Meet Your Hostess) Welcome Reception (P)

Y O I T H ACTIVITIES 3:00 PM 6:30 PM

THURSDAY, JULY 2 9 Hospitality Suite Opens Pool Party

FRIDAY, JULY 3 0 Aerobics (B, L) Registration (L) Hospitality Suite Opens Shopping Tours with Lunch (Grapevine Mills/Galleria) Miss Black & Gold Pageant (P,@)

9:00 AM 11:00 AM 2:30 PM 5:30 PM 6:30 PM 10:00 PM

FRIDAY, JULY 3 0 Hospitality Suite Opens Studios Tours at Los Colinas w/Lunch Malibu Speed Zone Buses Depart Malibu Speed Zone Pizza Party Hospitality Suite Closes

SATURDAY, JULY 31 Aerobics (B, L) Registration (L) Hospitality Suite Opens Fashion Show Reception Luncheon and Fashion Show (L, P, @) Seminar

9:00 AM 10:00 AM 1:30 PM 7:00 PM 10:30 PM 11:00 PM

SATURDAY, JULY 31 Hospitality Suite Opens Motivational Speaker Science Place &1MAX Mesquite Rodeo Buses Depart Mesquite Rodeo Buses Arrive Anatole

SUNDAY, AUGUST 1 Aerobics (B, I) Registration (L) Ecumenical Worship Service (P) Public Program (P) Board Buses to Texas Barbecue Texas Barbecue (P, @) (Hosted by Local Chapter)

9:00 AM 1:00 PM 10:30 PM 12:00 AM

SUNDAY, AUGUST 1 Hospitality Suite Opens Six Flags Over Texas Theme Park Buses Depart Six Flags Hospitality Suite Closes

9:00 AM 10:30 AM 11:30 AM 12:45 AM 2:00 PM 4:30 PM 7:00 PM 12:00 AM

MONDAY, AUGUST 2 Hospitality Suite Opens Museum of Natural History Tour African American Museum Tour West End - Lunch On Your Own 6th Floor Museum Tour Buses Depart for Anatole Farewell Banquet and Party Hospitality Suite Closes

MONDAY, AUGUST 2 Aerobics (B, L) Hospitality Suite Opens Dallas City Tour Buses Return from City Tour Card Party and Games Black & Gold Reception Black & Gold Formal Awards Banquet (P, ( Black & Gold Entertainment (p, @)

*Day Care is available for children 6 years and under at nominal costs.

• • CONVENTION REGISTRATION MRDE EftSY! •

•

PRE-REGISTRATION information is attached to this Alpha Phi Alpha 93rd Anniversary Convention Registration Form. Each Fraternity Brother should use his own individual form to register. Ladies are permitted to register on the same form with a Brother. The completed forms, along with all fees, should be forwarded to: Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc.; P.O. Box 630792; Baltimore, MD 21263-0792.

PRE-REGISTRATION RATES are offered to those who register between January 1 and June 30,1999. Those registering after June 30,1999 will be required to pay the full Convention ON-SITE REGISTRATION amount. Pre-registrants are assigned priority seating at the Formal Banquet and Ladies' Fashion Show Luncheon. Convention kits, activity tickets and Convention information will be prepared in advance for pre-registrants. You are encouraged to register early. Onsite fees will be substantially higher. (Mailed, faxed and e-mailed registrations must be received at the Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity Headquarters by July 23,1999 in order to be processed. Brothers who are unable to send their registration forms to the Fraternity Headquarters by that date should bring them to the Convention and register on-site.)

COLLEGE BROTHERS' REGISTRATIONS: The College Brothers' Registration Plan provides admittance to all scheduled luncheons (except the Economic Development Luncheon) and all College Brother-oriented weekend events, including The Miss Black and Gold Pageant, Fraternity Step Contest, Collegiate Scholarship Bowl and dances.

College Brothers who pre-register before June 30,1999 may purchase a Formal Banquet ticket at the Pre-registration price of $60. Banquet tickets are not included in the price of college registration.

PRE-ASSIGNED SEATING: Seating priority for the Formal Banquet and Ladies Fashion Show Luncheon is based on the order in which registration forms are received. Requests for group seating should be made and paid for at the time of registration.

HOTEL RESERVATIONS: Room reservations at reduced Convention rates can only be obtained by registering through the Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity Corporate Headquarters. The Headquarters will only guarantee those reservations made with a credit card. Tnose requesting a room and not using a credit card must forward one night's deposit directly to the Convention Hotel (Wyndham Anatole Hotel; 2201 Stemmons Freeway; Dallas, Texas 75207) in order to guarantee their rooms. The deposit should be forwarded only after a room confirmation is received from the hotel. All requests for Convention rooms must first be mailed to the Corporate Headquarters where they will be processed. The hotel is not authorized to release reduced-rate rooms reserved for the Convention to anyone without the permission of the Fraternity. Permission is granted only after the Alpha Phi Alpha Convention Registration Forms have been processed through the Corporate Headquarters. Forms should be mailed to: Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc.; P.O. Box 630792; Baltimore, MD 21263-0792.

ALPHA PHI ALPHA FRATERNITY, INC.

93RD

AHHIVERSRRY COHVEHTIOH RECISTRRTIOH FORM

(1) Please type or print information. (2) Each Brother should use his own separate form to register; ladies and youth should register on this page below under the section entitled Badge Information. (3) You must have a valid 1998 or 1999 Passcard or Life Membership Plate to register.

Name_

_Year of Initiation Middle Initial

Address.

Phone/Day_

.City, State, Zip, _Phone/Eve_

. E-Mail Address

Chapter

Acct#

Chapter K e y * .

FOR OFFICE USE ONLY: Chapter # BADGE INFORMATION: Please print information as it appears on badge Registered Ladies

Registered Youth

Name.

Name_

Age.

Name.

Name.

Age.

Name

Name.

Age.

Registration & Activity Fees REGISTRATION CATEGORY:

*Alumni Brothers +College Brothers *Ladies Youth "Banquet Ticket Included

On-Site (Jan. 1 to June 30,1999)

(Begins July 1,1999)

• • • •

• • • •

$275 $150 $185 $150

Qty.

Amt.

$375 $175 $250 $175

+ Banquet Ticket Not Included

AcnvrrY TICKETS

Pre-Reg.

On-Site

Golf Tournament Tennis Tournament Economic Development Luncheon Miss Black & Gold Pageant Step Contest/After Party "Life Membership Breakfast Extra Banquet Ticket Texas Barbecue

• $75 a $30

• $85 • $40

a $30 n$20 • $20 • $20 • $60 • $35

• • • • • •

Payment Qty,

Amt

$40 $25 $25 $30 $70 $35

• • • • •

Certified Check or Money Order Visa MasterCard American Express Discover

Card* Expiration Date Signature.

TOTAL ENCLOSED •All ticket events are open to the public except the Life Membership Breakfast.

Forms should be mailed or faxed to: Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc., P.O. Box 630792, Baltimore, MD 21263-0792 Fax: (410)554-0054 All requests for refunds must be made in writing.A $25 administrative fee will be applied to all refunds.

Also, 50 percent of the registration fee will be returned to those whose written requests are received after June 30, 1999. No requests for refunds will be honored after August 15, 1999.

HOTEL RESERVRTIOH FORM Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc. 93rd Anniversary Convention • July 29-August 2,1999 WyndhamAnatole Hotel • 2201 Stemmons Freeway • Dallas,Texas 75207 Phone: (214) 748-1200 • Fax: (214) 761-7520 WYNDHAMANATOLE HOTEL RATES: Desired Accommodations - Indicate Number

_ • Double, _ DQuad, • One Bedroom Tower Suite, • One Bedroom Executive Suite, • Single, $110 • Triple, $110

$110 $110 $240 $280

Person Making Reservation; Payment

Name Address City, State, Zip_ Phone

Fax

_ am/pm Hour.

Arrival Date am/pm Departure Date_ Hour Note:"Check-In"Time is 3:00 PM/"Check-Out"Time is 12:00 Noon

• Certified Check or Money Order • Visa • MasterCard • American Express • Discover Card # Expiration Date Signature

Names and Addresses of Other Occupants of Room: Please send in only one reservation form per room.

Name

Address

Name

Address

—

Forms should be mailed or faxed to: Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc., P.O. Box 630792, Baltimore, MD 21263-0792 Fax:(410)554-0054 Occupation: Please select one 38. D Merchandising/Sales/Marketing

1. • Accounting

20

• Education -Teaching

2. • Advertising/Public Relations

21

• Energy Resources (Oil, etc.)

39. • Nursing

3. • Agriculture/Ranching

22

• Engineering

40. • Pharmacology

4. •Architecture/Urban Planning

41. • Physical Sciences/Math

5. • Arts - Performing/Creative

23 • Estate Planning/Trusts/Taxation 24. D Finance/Venture Capital

6. D Banking

25. • Foreign Service

43. • Publishing/Writing/Journalism

7. • Brokerage/Securities/Investments

26.

8. D Business - Administration/Mgmt.

27, • Govt. - Elective

9. • Business - Entrepreneur/Owner

28

D Foundations • Govt. - Non-Elective

42. • Physician 44. • Radio/TV/Film 45. • Real Estate 46. D Research/Development

10. • Civil Service

29. • Hotel/Restaurant/Catering

47. D Skilled Artisan/Technician

11. • Clergy

30. • Insurance

48. • Social Sciences

12

31. • Judiciary

49. • Sports/Recreation

13. • Construction/Contracting

32. • Labor/Human Resources

50. • Support Staff/Secy./Clerk

14. • Constructing

33.

51. • Transportation/Travel

15. • Cosmetology

34. • Library/Museum

52. • Utilities

16. • Counseling

35. • Manufacturing

53. • Volunteer

17. • Dentistry

36. • Medicine/Health (other than

54. • Other

• Computing/Information Systems

18. • Economics 19. D Education-Administration

OLaw

Dentistry/Phys./Nursing/Pharm.)

37. • Military

S5TH ANNIVHRSAI^ SERVING AS EDITOR AFTER THE 16-YEAR SERVICE OF BROTHER MICHAEL PRICE EDITOR'S NOTE: Brother Charles F. Robinson, III in his special editor's column for this 85th Anniversary Sphinx™ takes us back to the days soon after the death of Sphinx™ Editor Michael J. Price. Following Brother Price's passing, Executive DirectorJames B. Blanton, III announced a search for a Brother to serve as Editor-in-Chief The search was announced in early 1991 and the position was filled that October. Brother Robinson's recollection of applyingfor the job and then following up with inquiries to Brother Blanton makes me recall my own experience during the search. I was working as a newspaper and later a television journalist in Michigan when the search for the Sphinx™ Editor was announced. I remember meeting with Brothers Blanton and Darryl Matthews at the Midwestern Regional Convention in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and again at the 1991 General Convention in Baltimore to inquire about the position. After months of inquiring but no word, I accepted an opportunity to enter a Master's degree program in Washington, D.C. One month after I started school in August 1991, I received a call from Brother Blanton about the position.

Unfortunately, I had to inform him that I had already enrolled in school. Brother Blanton's dilemma had been solved. Brother Robinson was selected to serve as Sphinx™ Editor, a position he held from 1991 to 1993- He is currently a National Correspondent for Black Entertainment Television, based in Washington, D.C.

By Brother Charles F. Robinson, III ei months of inquiring about the Editor's position, I received A ^fter a phone call from Brother James "Tiny" Blanton. He wanted to l Y k n . ow if I was still interested in the job and could he meet with

me the following day. After a conversation about what he wanted, I was brought on board the Corporate Headquarters staff in October 1991. My initial duties were to put out several small publications. Brother Blanton also stressed that it was important that a Sphinx™ magazine be published within three months.

When I walked into the John H. Johnson Publication Office—yes, that's what the Communications Office at the Fraternity's Headquarters is called—there was little to be found. In fact, Brother Darryl Matthews, then Director of Membership, told me all materials related to The Sphinx™ were still in boxes in the basement of the Corporate Headquarters. (The Fraternity's National Office had just relocated to Baltimore from Chicago).

I spent the next week sorting through the materials and reading back issues of The Sphinx™. As I read, I recognized that each Editor brought his own style and philosophy to the publication.

Coming from a news background, primarily in radio and television, I had my own ideas. By the time I got to the last issue—which featured my predecessor, the late Brother Michael Price—I had had an education not only in Alphadom, but also in the world. Some of you may not know this but The Sphinx™ is not only about fraternal issues, the magazine covers issues of the day and brings depth to complex and controversial matters.

Brother Blanton had assured me that there was enough material in-house to create a Sphinx™. He even boasted that he took what Brother Price had already compiled and put out the issue featuring the former Editor. What Brother Blanton did not tell me is that the Fraternity was always trying to keep down overhead. The Board of Directors had allowed Brother Price to go to an outside contractor who had graphics, computers and a press to put together the publication. This posed a problem because everything we needed to put together the publication was still in Chicago. Brother Blanton and I had to go to the printer and retrieve these items.

This would be the first time that The Sphinx™ would be created in-house using computers. Some of you may be laughing at this point, but the desktop publishing industry is not where it is today. For example the first Sphinx™ was put together using Word 3.0 and Ventura 2.0. There was a learning curve and we got better as time went on.

THE SPHINX™ SUMMER 1999

S5TH ANNIVERSARY The Editor also wears many hats. I became the writer, editor, art director, design director, layout artist, and "copy boy." The Sphinx™ is a staff of one with Brothers volunteering expertise, time and knowledge. I was very fortunate that every Brother I asked gave of his time without compensation, just the fraternal thanks he receives when a Brother leans on the shield.

Brother Blanton reminded me that the first issue needed to make a "big splash." After months of thought, I came up with the idea to put a poster of the new Corporate Headquarters in the publication. Not just an eight-and-one-half by eleven inch, but a poster worth framing. It would be a pullout—a first for The Sphinx™. I asked the Fraternity's chief photographer, Brother Berve Power, about the pictures he took during the dedication ceremonies. To my surprise there was not one of just the building.

My frustration grew. So I sent word out to local chapters of what I was looking for to include in The Sphinx™. To my surprise Brother Julius Conway of Kappa Phi Lambda, my own chapter, took the photograph we ended up using.

By the time we had what I thought was a final document, it had to make the fraternal rounds before going to the printer. There was the l late Brother Gus wro wR * tt^5w| m Whitherspoon, Brother Dr. * ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ William Nelson, Brother Matthews, and Brother Blanton who perused it for final editing. My excitement was bursting at the seams when I asked General President Henry Ponder if we could go to press.

Brother Ponder asked if I had gone through all the proper channels, I assured him I had. He suggested we wait several weeks. I felt crushed at the time because I knew how important The Sphinx™ is to the Brotherhood. A week later Brother Ponder said he was satisfied.

The return of The Sphinx™ was met with all the excitement I had expected. After a nearly two year absence the publication was back.

Don't Rest on Your Laurels "So what do you do for an encore?" Brother Matthew's asked several months after the first publication was in the hands of the Brotherhood. It didn't take long for the answer. Soon after the completion of the first issue, we learned that Brother Raymond W. Cannon, the first Editor of The Sphinx™, had passed into Omega Chapter. Brother Cannon and I had never spoken formally. I'll always remember his eloquent speech at the memorial for the late Brother Charles H. Wesley.

85lh ANNIVERSARY EDITION

The Brother who had made We Sphinx™ what it is today was gone. I was determined now more than ever to make the publication something you put along side your Ebony, Black Enterprise or Emerge magazines.

W^ I'll never forget April 29,1992.1 had just come home from the office when I heard there was a verdict in the Rodney King case. I think most people had assumed that three white Los Angeles Police officers would be found guilty. When the news came across that they were found ^ > » innocent of the charges, I was incensed. That was also the same reaction of people in Los Angeles. They took to the streets burning and looting—it was incredible. The National Guard was called out and a curfew was imposed on Los Angeles.

When I returned to work the next day, I couldn't get that image out of my mind. I wanted to do something. I wanted the Fraternity to do something. Near the end of the day, I called Brother Ponder to express a feeling that I think was on the minds of many Brothers in the wake of the uprising. As he always did, he listened intently. Then in that Southern accent, he said, "Brother Robinson, I think you're right. Why don't you put something in writing and let me take a look at it." I was off and running. By 5 p.m. EST, the Fraternity had a press release expressing our frustration at the verdict in the King case and cautioning the actions taken by those on the streets.

One of the first people I called and faxed a copy of the press release to was Brother G Bernard Brown, Vice President of the Western Region. He shared my frustration and concern. I told him that I wanted to put something about the King case in The Sphinx™. Out of the blue, he said, "You know we have a Brother working in the LA. Prosecutor's Office."

I waited several days before contacting Brother Michael Carter.

He was somewhat reluctant at firsf^ut agreed to do an article. His insight and being at the scene of this event gave Tlie Sphinx™ the edge I was looking for in the publication. I can say now that it was one of the crowning achievements of my tenure as the editor.

A Looking Back ^ It's been six years since I toiled on these pages. I'm reminded of the first time a former Editor stopped in on me at the Corporate Headquarters. Brother Herb King, who is definitely old school, walked into my office one day unannounced and sat in the chair.

He looked me up and down and asked, "Do vou know what you're doing?" Proudly, I proclaimed of course I do.'" Little did I know the question was much deeper than the obvious. What he was trying to say was, "You stand on the shoulders of great men who put their souls on the line everyday. Tell (heir stories and those of Alpha so that the world will be a better place than it is today."

S5TH AKTNWERSARY THE SPHINX™ DURING THE RENAISSANCE... 1993-1996 EDITORS NOTE: A former newspaper editor and seasonedjournalist, Brother J.J. Johnson, III served as Editor-in-Chief of The Sphinx™ during the administration of 29th General President Milton C. Davis. Brother Johnson is credited with upgrading and significantly enhancing The Sphinx™ during the Alpha Renaissance. Brother Johnson currently serves as Director of Public Relations for Tuskegee University in Tuskegee, Alabama.

By Brother J o h n J. J o h n s o n , III Editor, 1993-96

"We can take pride in, and gain inspiration from, the role Alpha has played in changing the course of this nation. But Brothers, the past should only serve us today as a preface and prologue to the present and the future. Our time and energies are not well spent looking backwards and reminiscing bygone days, people, and events. Although we must honor and profit from our history, ourfocus must befixed on looking and movingforward. " o reasoned Brother Milton C. Davis on the occasion of his inauguration as the 29th General President of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc.—January 23,1993. Brother Davis was launching the "Alpha Renaissance: Rekindling the Spirit of Leadership and Community Service." The Renaissance Brother Davis had in mind called for "a rebirth of our spirit of leadership and community service." It would not be business as usual.

S

"We believe in doing what we do well. Our standard is the world's standard; that is the benchmark of excellence."

Although it was among the nation's oldest continuously published African-American magazines, The Sphinx™ was not exempt from the rebirth of spirit | and high standard of excellence that Brother Davis called for. I accepted the call, along with a committee of three other Brothers to give The Sphinx™ a new look, to heighten its standard of excellence. The Sphinx™ was not, however, our sole target. We were a

TH««HAlSSM»«SPhV^ COHHMU1*•»

w

Publications Committee—J.J. Johnson, Clint Wilson, Anthony Stewart and James Ward—charged with providing advice on the improvement of Fraternity publications.

The Sphinx™ did need immediate and special attention. We had not been receiving regular issues. That had to change quickly. With the help of far too many telephone calls and fax messages between Maryland and Alabama, we managed a first issue of The Sphinx™ from Baltimore. It would be far more efficient, General President Davis agreed, to publish the journal in Alabama. We made the transition to Tuskegee and Montgomery, Alabama.

I envisioned a magazine primarily for the Brothers of Alpha, but also a journal that would be of interest to others. We wanted to enlighten, to inspire, to entertain, to provoke thought. We wanted to bring The Sphinx™ up to Alpha expectations. We could not achieve the level of publications we desired in the two terms of the Renaissance but our contribution would be to start the trend upwards. A Renaissance can appropriately extend over long periods of time.

We would continue the practice of publishing selected articles submitted to The Sphinx"™, but we also would be aggressive in inviting articles on selected subjects. It was our goal to present informed perspectives on timely topics. Brother Lawrence Gary gave us some professional insights on "African-American Males and Success." Contrary to what we had been led to believe, Brother Gary told us that African-American males were not an endangered species. With the help of Brother Clint Wilson, we sought out Brother Wallace L. Walker to tackle the subject of "Affirmative THE SPHINX™ SUMMER 1999

SSIIH FH ANMVBRSARY' Action." Brother Wilson also led us to Brother Dr. Clive 0.

Callender who provided an illuminating review of issues related to "End-Stage Renal Disease..." and organ donations and transplantations.

What better way to celebrate the AfricanAmerican family—to celebrate anything really— than with prayer? God is good, and God is good all the time. But Brother Father Jim Goode admonished us to place a special emphasis on the family on the first Sunday in February with a "National Day of Prayer."

The Renaissance is proud, and especially so, that The Sphinx™ published "Rosewood...A Tragic Episode in Florida's Past," authored by Brother Larry E. Rivers, before this historical development became the subject of a television documentary.

All Alphas are on the move. Being on the move is a prerequisite to being an Alpha. But some Brothers admittedly move faster and further than others. We sought them out. Brother Winston Scott was presented as an Alpha on the Move before he made his inaugural flight as an astronaut. Note the spirited philosophy of a 1995 Alpha on the Move, Brother David F. Oliver: "Whenever you can be an example of black manhood, that is community service. . .Nothing is going to conquer me. I am always learning and always growing. You take your talents and pass them on to others."

It was an achievement in itself that Brother Norman B. Rice was the first African-American mayor of Seattle, Washington. We were further impressed that he won the first election with a comfortable 57 percent of the vote, and the margin of victory increased to an impressive 67 percent the second time he won.

Alphas on the Move should have already been somewhere and have somewhere else to go. Thus, it was easy for us to chronicle the achievements of Brother Al Rutherford all the way to the White House, coordinating visits for the President of the United States, the Vice President of the United States, and the First Lady. Was the Brother moving? You bet he was.

Alpha Phi Alpha was looking for Brother Andrew J. Zawascki and Brother Zawascki was looking for Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity.

We were a perfect match. A Rhodes Scholar and a Phi Beta Kappa who said, "Whatever time we can devote outside the classroom, we devote it to community service. It's been great. There are no disadvantages."

Every Brother ought to experience at least one National Convention. If possible, two or three. Nothing is more inspiring 85th ANNIVERSARYEDITION

than to witness the Brothers in charge—of themselves, the hotel, the meetings, everything. Despite the complexities of a National Convention, this now biennial activity can be characterized in two simple words—fun and business.

My editorial goal was to report the Convention—its fun and its business. We wanted the Brotherhood to feel the "Rekindling the Spirit of Leadership and Community Service." If you couldn't be present, we wanted to take you there.

We offered complete Convention coverage. We took a special interest in publishing the full texts of speeches. If you could not be there to hear it, we wanted you to have an opportunity to read it.

We gave thought to publishing the full text of more speeches, and, in hindsight, we wished we had.

Sometimes, you simply cannot do justice to a speech with the very best e Alph news story. That's why the New York Times is the journalistic giant it is.

You can count on speeches. The World Policy Council, proposed by Brother Edward W Brooke in 1993, j was a major initiative. Its purpose was to search out "long term solutions to the complex, national and international problems J we face now and in the 21st century." We thought you should have the benefit of Brother Brooke's reasoning. We published his speech. This was such a momentous development in the history of our Fraternity. We also decided that the World Policy Council deserved a cover story.

Quotations bring stories alive. Quotations help establish a relationship between the reader and the speaker. Most of our Convention coverage—and many feature stories—was the result of extensive interviews. And where interviews were not necessary, we always had the advantage of a filled notebook.

There was "power," compelling power, in the Public Program address by Brother^Dr. John HopeJ;ranklin; Brother Dr. James A. Forbes was electrifying aljqosyftjniidating^in his Ecumenical Address. We wanted you to feel the power of Brother Franklin's address and we wanted you to be moved by the electricity of Brother Forbes' message. 1 Talent abounds in the ranks of Alpha. We read a good number of resumes of the College Brothers of the Year and the Alumni Brothers of the Year. But we madeTaconscmis journalistic decision, one we thought to be in keeping with the announced "Renaissance," not to simply present these Brothers to you. Rather, we wanted you to meet them. So we had a conversation with the Brothers of the Year and we shared our conversation with you. We

85111 AJSINIVBRSARi wanted you to share the thinking of the Brothers. We wanted you to know "where the Brothers were coming from," an indication of where they were going.

There is no shortage of historians amongst us. But it was our pleasure to win agreement from Brother Thomas D. Pawley III to author the column, "Historical Movement." We always found his historical reviews both refreshing and instructive. His footnotes and notations challenged us to follow up on his interpretations.

During an administration that was focusing on a "Renaissance," it was certainly appropriate that we rethink the "The Role of the Fraternity in the 21st Century." We were 84 years old. These were different | times from the days at Cornell.

' Im*

ntJUuitfl ^ur 1

searc

h f°r an autnor lead

us to Brother Samuel F. Yette, a noted book author, columnist, and a product of Newsweek and Ebony magazines. not recall how I came to know him, but it was a pleasure to make acquaintance with Brother James T Jackson who helped increase our cultural awareness.

Although he was teaching special education at Southern Illinois (Edwardsville), his rich background in fine arts was striking through the eloquence of his play reviews. Music was Brother George E. Allen's forte, and we invited him to share his knowledge with us. In addition to Brother Edward's brilliant reviews and the musical interpretations provided by Brother Allen, Brother Ronald Powell took us on a tour of some African-American historical sites, and "The Trans-Atlantic Experience" by Brother Stephen Marc, we found to be an awesome and priceless photographic documentary.

Chapters are the lifeblood of our Fraternity. We are Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity as an organization. Our strength is in our community. I am a product of Brother Armistead Pride, Lincoln University. Graphics were not popular between 1956-60. Brother Dr. Pride put appropriate emphasis on history, completeness, timeliness, correctness. Make it interesting and readable. We did not ignore graphics, but neither did we highlight graphics, at least not that I can remember.

The Chapter News section of The Sphinx™ needed attention.

We did not want the Chapter News to be simply the "back of the magazine." I tried to devote some special attention to this section of the magazine, sometimes extending the color to those pages. I was always inspired by reading, and re-reading as I often did, this record of "Manly Deeds." We made a stab, even if a feeble one, at

organizing the Chapter News section.

We also tried to bring a little structure-—to present a little balance—to the Omega Chapter section. I didn't know what to do, really. Still don't. Everyone's life is different and nothing is achieved by trying to make them sound the same. We did conclude that editing would help, so we rewrote all submissions to the Omega Chapter. We tried to balance the section by using similar categories for each deceased Brother—chapter of initiation, Fraternity contributions, church and organization affiliations, and educational background, although not necessarily in that order.

Far more thought went into development of The Sphinx™ during the Renaissance, but we hope you gleaned from this summary the high expectations we had for the journal. Some of our dreams were realized, others not. We are more pleased, however, with the dreams fulfilled than we are disappointed with the dreams we had to defer.

It may digress a bit from the assignment I was given, but the temptation is too great to ignore. A pictorial calendar was added to the Fraternity publications package, one of them with a photograph of every Brother attending the Convention luncheon at which the picture was taken. Credit General President Davis with the calendar and panoramic photograph initiative.

Finally, there is no need to despair if for some reason you are inspired to re-read back issues of The Sphinx™ published during the Renaissance and cannot find them.

The programmatic aspects of the Renaissance are aptly covered in a single bound volume, The Quadrennial Report: January 1993December 1996, complete with a photograph of the 29th General President and Mrs. Davis and the President of the United States and Mrs. Clinton.

We are eternally grateful to have had the constant support and encouragement of General President Davis every step of the way in publishing The Sphinx™ during the Renaissance. His active involvement was invaluable.

THE SPHINX™ SUMMER 1999

S5TH AKTOWRSARl' THE EDITORS-IN-CHIEF OF THE SPHINX

TM

EDITOR'S NOTE: Twenty-one Alpha Phi Alpha Brothers have been entrusted with editorship of The Sphinx™ magazine—some of them serving more than once—since the publication was founded in 1914. The position of Editor-in-Chief at the beginning was assigned to the General Vice President of the organization. It was quickly realized that the position of Editor should be something separate from the General Vice President's duties and made an office of its own. The Editor's position for many years was an elected position, while also it has long been argued that the position should be appointed. The position was removed from elective status in the mid-1970s where it has since remained. The magazine over the years has had offices in and outside of the Fraternity Headquarters. Thefollowing chronology and profile of the Editors-in-Chief of The Sphinx™ helps us to understand more about the 85-year history of the magazine.

Raymond W. Cannon 1914 Brother Cannon, as General Vice President of the Fraternity, was designated as the first Editor-in-Chief of The Sphinx™ at the magazine's founding. Brother J.V. McKelvie, who was Chairman of the Printing Committee also served in the magazine's founding year as the first and only Business Manager of The Sphinx'™. At

Lucius L. McGee 1915 Brother McGee was the first "exclusive" Editor of The Sphinx™. He was elected to the position at the 1914 Convention. The Sphinx™ adopted a larger format—increasing to 12 pages per issue and moving to a 7" by 11" size—under Brother McGee's editorship. Brother McGee was elected Vice President in 1919 and General President in 1920. He was an initiate of Gamma Chapter at Virginia Union University.

V.D. Johnston 1917 Brother Johnston was one of the initiates who reactivated Gamma Chapter in 1913. He was elected Editor-in-Chief of The Sphinx™ at the 1916 General Convention held in Richmond. During Brother Johnston's editorship, the publication grew from 16 to 20 pages. His tenure as Editor ended when he was inducted into military during World War I. In April 1917, Brother Johnston published the first "public" issue of The Sphinx™.

85lb AWMRSARY EDITION

the Seventh Annual Convention in December 1914, Brother Cannon recommended that the offices of Vice President and Editor be separated. His recommendation was adopted. Brother Cannon was initiated on April 12,1912 when he became a Charter member of Mu Chapter at the University of Minneapolis.

William A. Pollard 1916 Brother William A. Pollard, initiated at Beta Chapter, Howard University, was elected Editor-in-Chief at the 1915 General Convention and served in the position in 1916. He was the last of The Sphinx™ Editors to be elected to General President of the Fraternity, an office he held in 1917 and 1918.

V.E. Daniel, 1917 (Interim) Brother Daniel, initiated at Gamma Chapter, Virginia Union University, was appointed to complete the remainder of Brother Johnston's term as Editor-in-Chief by former Sphinx™ editor and then General President William A. Pollard. In his report to the December 1917 General Convention, Brother Daniel recommended that "matters of a secret nature" be omitted from The Sphinx™ and that a permanent office for the publication be established. Subsequently, the magazine became public and Washington, DC. was chosen as the site for the first office of The Sphinx™.

S5TH ANNIVERSARY Carl J. Murphy 1918-22 Brother Murphy, initiated at Beta Chapter, Howard University, was the first Editor to serve for more than one year. He was responsible for setting up the Washington, D.C. office of The Sphinx™ and developed the new "public" magazine into a first-class journal that addressed issues of concern to members of Alpha Phi Alpha and the African-American community. After serving as Sphinx™ Editor, Brother Murphy went on to head the Afro-American newspaper chain.

being named Editor-Emeritus.

P. Bernard Young 1930-33 An initiate of Kappa Chapter, Brother Young was a graduate of The Ohio State School of Journalism and heir to a family tradition of editorship at The Norfolk Journal and Guide. Printing of The Sphinx™ was moved to Norfolk, Virginia during Brother Young's tenure. The Editor greatly advanced the magazine's copy, headlining and

Oscar C. Brown 1923-29 An initiate of Beta Chapter at Howard University, Brother Brown was a delegate from Iota Lambda Chapter when elected Editor-inChief at the 1922 Convention.

Building on the professionalism of Brother Murphy, Brother Brown fired the flames of fraternalism via the pages of The Sphinx™. His tenure included the introduction of the poem "The House of Alpha," written by his biological brother, Brother Sydney P. Brown. Brother Brown was honored for his stellar service by

graphic layout.

Arnett G. Lindsay 1934-35 Brother Lindsay, Epsilon Lambda Chapter, was elected as Editor-in-Chief at the 1933 General Convention in St. Louis, Missouri. One of the outstanding issues during his editorship was the publication of a special edition dealing with the New Deal and [AfricanAmericans]. The issue was inspired by 15th General

President Rayford W. Logan.

Lewis O. Swingler 1936-43 A journalism graduate from the University of Nebraska, Brother Swingler served as Editor of the Tri-State Defender in Memphis, Tennessee. During his tenure as Editor-in-Chief of The Sphinx™, he published special issues dealing with World War II and prepared Fraternity exhibits for the Texas Centennial in 1936 and the World Fair in Chicago in 1940. Brother Swinger resigned as Sphinx™ Editor upon entering the military in 1943.

1946-50 Following his tour of duty in World War II, Brother Swingler, at the 1945 General Convention in Chicago, was again elected Editor-in-Chief of The Sphinx™. He served in the capacity until his election as Southern Regional Vice President in 1950.

Meredith G. Ferguson 1943-44 (Interim) Brother Ferguson, a banker from Nashville, Tennessee became the second Interim Editor in the Fraternity's history following Brother Swingler's induction into the military. Brother Ferguson served as Interim Editor until December 1944 when he was elected General Treasurer at the General

THE SPHINX™ SUMMER 1999

85111 ANMVHRSARY Reid E. Jackson 1945 Brother Jackson was a member of the staff at Southern University in Baton Rouge, Louisiana when he served as Sphinx™ Editor. He had served on the editorial staff during Brother Swingler's first term. Brother Jackson was elected Editor at the 1944 General Convention and held the office for one year, until Brother Swingler returned from military service.

W. Barton Beatty 1951-61 Brother Beatty (Delta Beta Lambda Chapter, Hampton, Virginia) was elected Editor-in-Chief at the 36th General Convention in Kansas City, Missouri in 1950. He made a study of journals and magazines, particularly fraternity publications, before publishing his first issue. Brother Beatty continued in office until December 1961.

C. Anderson Davis 1962-65 Brother Davis, who served as Mid-Western Vice President from 1956-58 and as Chairman of the committee to raise funds for the establishment of a national headquarters, was elected Sphinx™ Editor in December 1961. Brother Davis prepared the historic editions that commemorated the magazine's 50th Anniversary in 1964. He resides in Houston, Texas.

George M. Daniels 1966-68 A constitutional change by the 1965 General Convention made the office of Editor-in-Chief of The Sphinx™ an appointed position.

General President Lionel Newsom placed Brother Daniels in the position. The new editor brought professional journalists on board as paid staff and gave widespread coverage to the burning issues of the 1960s. Brother Daniels continues to live in New York City.

J. Herbert King 1969-72 The 1967 General Convention restored the Editor-in-Chief position to elective status. Brother King was elected to Editor at the 1968 General Convention in Detroit, Michigan. He was elected to four successive terms until he was finally unable to be re-elected because of a constitutional limit on tenure in the office. His editions during the period greatly increased coverage of chapter activities.

1973-74 Brother King, at the 1973 General Convention, again was elected Editor-in-Chief. The debate, however, continued about the proper status of the position. The General Convention also placed the editorship in the Fraternity Headquarters, effective in 1974, with one of the Assistant Executive Secretaries to serve as Editor-in-Chief. Brother King continues to reside in Chicago.

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S5TH ANMVHRSMY Laurence T. Young, Sr. 1973 (Interim) With no election being held in 1972, Executive Secretary Young became responsible for publishing two editions of The Sphinx™ in 1973- The task of performing the Executive Secretary's duties and publishing the magazine, proved overwhelming and caused General President Walter Washington to assign former Editor-in-Chief J. Herbert King to publish the remaining two issues in 1973- Brother Washington also scheduled an election for Editor-in-Chief at the 1973 General Convention.

Michael J. Price 1974-1990 Brother Price served one year as Editor under the Corporate Headquarters structure, beginning after the 1974 General Convention.

The debate about The Sphinx™ editorship continued, however, and that Convention voted to return the office to elective status. Brother Price subsequently was elected Editor-in-Chief at the 1975 General Convention in Miami, Florida. The Miami Convention again mandated that the editorship be placed in the Fraternity Headquarters.

Charles F. Robinson, III 1991-1993 Brother Robinson, a radio and television journalist, was appointed to serve as Sphinx™ Editor after the Fraternity moved its Corporate Headquarters from Chicago to Baltimore. The Baltimore headquarters was computerized and Brother Robinson became the first Editor to produce the magazine using office computer technology. Brother Robinson had the sad duty of publishing The Sphinx™ issue that featured the passing of the magazine's first Editor, Brother Raymond W Cannon. Brother Robinson resides and works in Baltimore and Washington, D.C.

John J. Johnson, III 1993-1996 Brother Johnson, a former newspaper editor, was appointed Editor in 1993 by General President Milton C. Davis. The editorship during Brother Johnson's tenure was conducted in Tuskegee, Alabama. The magazine was graphically enhanced under Brother Johnson's tenure and the number of pages in the publication was increased to average 56 pages. During the period, the publication tracked the events of the Davis Administration, increased chapter news coverage, focused on art and literary events and invited writers to discuss various issues of importance to the African-American community. Brother Johnson continues to live and work in Tuskegee.

SeatonJ. White, III 1997Brother White, a newspaper and television journalist, served on the editorial staff of The Sphinx™ as a feature writer and as Fraternity Director of Communications before the editorship was returned to the Corporate Headquarters in 1997 and he was named Editor-in-Chief. With no official Fraternity Historian serving in the capacity, The Sphinx™ under Brother White's tenure has served to document the Fraternity's recent history—recording the activities of the administration of General President Adrian L. Wallace, the Martin Luther King, Jr. National Memorial Project, the World Policy Council, General Conventions, National Forums and other events. The magazine under Brother White has sought to invite intellectual discussion of current issues while also highlighting the activities of Brothers and chapters. The publication's pages have increased significantly, graphic design has been enhanced and magazine advertisement has increased during the period.

THE SPHINX™ SUMMER 1999

HISTORICAL M T HE FOUNDATION PUBLISHERS, A SUBSIDIARY OF

HISTORICAL MOMENT

ALPHA PHI ALPHA FRATERNITY, INC.1

By Brother Thomas D. Pawky, 111

ach edition and printing of The History oi Alpha Phi Alpha: A Development in College Life since 1935 has borne the imprimatur of the Foundation Publishers. In fact, it was the need to publish the 1935 edition History which lead to creation of the Foundation Publishers. In 1929, the first edition of the History had been published by the Howard University Press which with the Associate Publishers of the Association for the Study of Negro Life and History were probably the two most important agencies for publishing works of African-American scholars. By 1935, the Howard University Press was no longer in operation2. Fortunately, the Fraternity had purchased the type of the earlier edition so that it was the property of Alpha Phi Alpha when the next edition was ready for publication, thus greatly reducing its cost.

Although the 1935 publication bore the imprint of the Foundation Publishers, it did not become a legal entity until 1936, following its authorization at the 1935 General Convention in Nashville, Tennessee. "[It] was planned as the agency through which the Fraternity might sponsor the publication of books and monographs," states Dr. Wesley, {History, p. 220). While the demise of the Howard University Press was the immediate motivation, another factor which led to the establishment of our publishing subsidiary was an action taken earlier at the Cleveland General Convention. The Brothers decided that "net proceeds from the sale of histories [of Alpha Phi Alpha] should be used to establish an Alpha Phi Alpha Literary Fund for the purpose of publishing books

by Brothers,"{History, p. 220). It seems clear that the encouragement of scholarly activity within the Fraternity was a major reason for the establishment of the agency.

On March 16, 1936, a certificate of incorporation for the Foundation Publishers of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc. with

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offices at Howard University was filed in the District of Columbia by eight Brothers, four of whom were faculty members at Howard. These eight men-educators, scholars and long-time leaders of the Fraternity became its first directors or trustees. Six of them also were members of the Education Foundation to which the Publishers were closely linked. [The writer suspects this may have been the source of the name.] It was, according to Dr. Wesley, designed to be the means through which the Educational Foundation "might advance the cause of scholarship (sic) and letters by publication of works which possess permanent value and interest,"{History, p. 227).

In furtherance of this aim, over the years at least three additional books have been published, viz. (1) The Attitude of the Southern Press toward Negro Suffrage by Rayford W Logan, 1942 (2) The Convention Address of the General President, 1933-1940 by Charles H. Wesley, 1942 (3) Henry Arthur Callis: Life and Legacy by Charles H. Wesley, 1977,1997.

It was this latter publication which the writer believes first used the term "The Foundation Publishers, a subsidiary of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc." The list of eight incorporators who also were the first directors and trustees of the publishing corporation comprises a who's who of scholars, educators and leaders of the Fraternity in 1936. They were in the order listed: • Rayford W Logan, Professor of History at Atlanta and Howard universities, Director of Educational Activities and later General President.

• Howard Long, former General President, Associate Superintendent of the Public Schools of the District of Columbia, later Dean of Wilberforce University and Central State College (Ohio).

• W.F. Jerrick, Life Member #2, Physician, Charter Member of Nu

HISTORICAL MOMENT Chapter and President of Rho Chapter.

Sydney Brown, Attorney, Author of "The House of Alpha."

• Dwight O.W. Holmes, Dean of the Graduate School of Howard University, later President of Morgan State College.

• H. Council Trenholm, President of Alabama State College, later Director of Educational Activities.

• Charles H. Wesley, General President, Head of the Department of History, Howard University and later President of Wilberforce University and Central State College (Ohio).

• Charles H. Thompson, Professor of Education, Howard University, Editor, The journal of Negro Education.

Among the seven articles of incorporation, the third delineated the corporation's purpose as ("the mutual improvement and promotion of the collection, preservation, publication, dissemination and diffusion from civilization of the creative and artistic heritage of the human race.

More particularly the object for which it is organized is to perform and promote all and every transaction incident to the mutual prosperity and welfare there of')(History, p. 540). This is a very broad goal echoing the lessons of the ritual and suggesting that the trustees intended to do more than publish the scholarly works of the Fraternity members, although in point of fact it has been primarily associated with the publications of our legendary historian.3 For the most part the General Offices of the Fraternity [now Corporate Headquarters] have been the offices of the Foundation Publishers viz. Washington, D.C., Chicago, Illinois, and Baltimore, Maryland.4 Thus the offices were in the District of Columbia from 1942 to 1959 when they moved to Chicago and remained there until 1991 when the offices were moved to Baltimore. Although the subsidiary continues to be the agency through which the Fraternity publishes our history and at least one other work, it no longer operates through a separate board of trustees or maintains close ties with our Education Foundation.

REFERENCE All references to History are from The History of Alpha Phi Alpha: A Development in College Life by Charles H. Wesley, The Foundation Publishers.

FOOTNOTES The term subsidiary is used on the cover of Henry Arthur Callis: Life and Legacy, 1997.

2

The Howard University Press was been reestablished in 1972 and is actively engaged in the publication of scholarly and creative works.

'An interesting sidelight of the establishment of the publishing subsidiary is that the certificate was filed in the office and over the signature of William J. Thompkins, a Kansas City, Missouri physician and prominent political figure who was the Recorder of Deeds for the District of Columbia. It is the writer's recollection that this office had been "reserved" for African-American politicians since Reconstruction. The Thompkins Center at Lincoln University (MO) is named for him.

The writer has found no record of publishing activity during the tenure of Brother Burt Mayberry of Kansas City, Missouri and Brother James Huger of Daytona Beach, Florida, as General Secretary.

Brother Thomas D. Pawley, III, Ph.D., is former National Historian for the Fraternity. Brother Pawley, a retired Lincoln University (MO) professor, recently received one of five 1999 Missouri Arts Awards presented by the Missouri Arts Council. A pioneer in Black Theater, Brother Pawley created one of the first summer theater programs for African-Americans in 1952.

He also wrote a dozen original plays and has had his poetry published in several magazines.

THE SPHINX™ SUMMER 1999

PECIAL

SPECIAL FEATURE

BLACKS IN THE BIBLE AND IN BIBLICAL LANDS

By Brother Cain Hope Felder

"Then God said, 'Let there be light;' and there was light.

And God saw that the light was good and God separated the lightfrom the darkness." Genesis 1:3-4 his is a most exciting and intriguing time for Scripture study, especially by persons of immediate African descent. We, the people of the darker hue, are again at the turning point of a new millennium when God's ancient Word shows itself to be truly a universal, inclusive, and multi-cultural message of salvation for the human race.

Irrefutable evidence, ancient and modern, again and again confirms as fact that the human race began in the continent that is now known as "Africa" (a name derived from the Latin: "Africanus"â&#x20AC;&#x201D;itself post-biblical). In the sweep of what has come to be called Western Civilization, Africa has often been dubbed "the Dark Continent" as if nothing good has ever or will ever come out of this great landmass. The words of the ancient Psalmist resonate still in our ears: "Princes shall come out of Egypt; Ethiopia shall soon stretch her hand to God!" (Psalm 68:31).

The view of Africa, which has evolved in recent centuries, has little or no historical integrity; rather it tells us much about the ways that Europeans have re-interpreted the Bible along lines that mainly affirmed their own cultural identity and racial aggrandizement particularly since the beginning of the seventeenth century at the onset of the Renaissance. Modern history has witnessed the painful consequences for blacks in Africa and the African "Diaspora" (the "scattering'Vdispersal from Africa through the slave trade or voluntary migrations). Sadly, the black descendants of the continent have been too often stereotyped and even demonized. Nevertheless, thanks be to God, new light is beginning to shine on the biblical antiquity. Today, we are pealing away systematical layers of unfavorable biases that suggest that black history consists only of the sad chapter of modem slavery. The latter-day negative overlays are disappearing; and in their place, one encounters a more congenial basis for inclusiveness and reconciliation.

People of immediate African descent can see themselves once again in the Bible as an occasion for celebration, renewed spiritual motivation and empowerment. Light is once more shining out of darkness that can illumine the whole human race, if studied and taught with the right spirit, the spirit of love for all humanity.

The African Methodist Episcopal Church has certainly one of the more distinguished records for not only defending the dignity of black people, but for celebrating the existence of blacks in biblical antiquity. Over the years, the denomination has taken strong

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stances on the protection of the rights of persons of African descent as human beings. This is well-known.

What is perhaps less familiar are the extraordinary ways in which leaders within this Protestant denomination have studied and systematically examined the Bible as a sacred record in which Africans have played a major role.

Writing in 1895, for example, Daniel P. Seaton, D.D., M.D., prominent leader in the A.M.E. Church, disJesus The Messiah played considerable knowl(Photo depiction from the Original edge about ancient blacks African Heritage Edition King James within the Bible as well as Version Holy Bible) the locations of biblical lands and religious sites. Seaton made several field trips to Palestine at his own expense and documented his findings in a mammoth study published by the A.M.E. Church Publishing House containing 443 pages of text, maps, illustrations and notes.

In a remarkably careful manner, he provided extensive descriptions of tombs, villages, and artifacts that suggested strong influences of African heritage.

Everywhere Dr. Seaton visited in Palestine at the close of the 19th century, he encountered signs of "Hamites" or Hamitic influence. He wrote: "Because these Hamites were an important people, attempts have been made to rob them of their proper place in the catalogue of the races. The Bible tells us plainly that the Phoenicians were descendants of Canaan, the son of Ham, and anyone who will take the time to read the Bible account of their lineage must concede the fact." (p. 377) It is indeed noteworthy that Seaton was profoundly aware of scholarly racial bias on the part of the so-called bona fide Bible scholars (i.e., products of the European academy and its American offshoots) of his day. Nevertheless, as much as we may applaud Dr. Seaton's constructive intent, clearly he could have benefited from

SPECIAL FEATURE the historical critical methods of biblical study and a more substantial understanding of the evolution of race topologies, pseudo-scientific theories, and ideologies of racial supremacy in modern Western Civilization.

Today, in the United States of America, other parts of the global African Diaspora, and increasingly even on the continent of Africa herself, there is developing a proliferation of critical studies on the black presence in the Bible togethMoses the Law Giver er with Afro-sensitive ver(Photo depiction from the Original African sions of the Bible with Heritage Edition King James Version Holy Bible) maps of the Holy Land in relation to the African land mass. These resources are often accompanied by study guides, illustrations, and supplemental essays designed to underscore the importance of African connections with the ancient biblical record. Even so, caution must be urged for anyone who might tend to construe the sons of Noah (Gen. 9:18-29), Ham, Shem andjapheth as somehow representing three different "races." Any conclusion of this type is highly flawed and moves in the opposite direction of the "Curse of Canaan" narrative. The intent of the story is really to provide the ancient Hebrews with a kind of theological justification for taking over the land of the Canaanites. The "Curse of Canaan" passage after all speaks of three brothers from the same family.

The Bible emerges out of the ancient world that knew nothing of racial types like Caucasoids, Mongoloids or Africaoids. These arbitrary and pseudo-scientific categories are actually quite modern. They constitute little more than fraudulent mythologies created to further the social construct of racism and the dubious notion of Aryan supremacy and so-called Africaoids inferiority.

African-American and other scholars from Ashley Montague (Man's Most Dangerous Myth) to Martin Bernal (Black Athena: The Afro-Asiatic Origin of Western Civilization) have demonstrated that white racism is essentially a by-product of Europe after 1492. With the Renaissance (16th and 17th centuries) and the socalled European Enlightenment that followed (A.D. 1700-1899), we begin to see a carefully orchestrated pattern of European racially biased "scholarship," claiming to have an objective, empirical basis, but in fact having nothing of the sort. Still there emerged a Western "scholarly" consensus from Francois Bernier (1685),

Carolus Linnaeus (1735) to the German social anthropologist Johann Friedrich Blumenbach (1775-1795). The new consensus was that North Africa was to be seen as Caucasoid or non-black; this was clearly a subtle political decision. In this way, the European academy literally de-Africanized the entire Nile Valley Civilization! This woeful development still dominates the way in which American and European universities regard the people of North Africa. Despite even the color of these people (in variably shades of brown to black), the Western official race category for them is "honorary" Caucasians.

Revelations of this kind lend a certain urgency to recovering the ancient African Heritage in Scripture. African-Americans are fundamentally people of the Book even as they have adapted remnants of their traditional African Religions with Hebraic/Jewish, Christian, or Islamic thought and practice. More African-American pastors today need to realize that Islam or the Muslim religion begins formally with Muhammad of Arabia 600 years after Jesus of Nazareth, and that he too had great respect for the Book on which his own Qur'an depended to some extent. That "Book" was the Holy Bible; and it is crucial for each generation of spiritual leaders to people of immediate African descent to celebrate the fact that they by no means are an after-thought in the plan of God. On the contrary, the Bible constantly reminds us that not only did God bring light out of darkness, but that God also has made it clear that "out of Africa (Egypt), I have called my child." This applies not just to the quotation in Hosea 11:1 and Matthew 2:15, but also to the Garden of Eden which begins with the Nile River (Gen. 2:9-14) and extends through the Exodus Saga. Indeed it continues with notices from both the Old Testament prophetic literature and the Psalms that African people hasten to extend their hand to God (Psalm 68:31) or that they will bring offerings from "beyond the rivers of Ethiopia" (Zephaniah 3:10). Here, doubtless, is a reference to the Blue and White Nile Rivers, which together make up the longest river in the world.

With the foregoing observations as general background, let us establish a basis for two propositions that will guide a six-fold survey of discrete segments of the Bible. The first proposition is that much of the material in the Old Testament or Hebrew Bible arises against the backdrop of ancient pre-historic Africa primarily and Mesopotamia or Fertile Crescent secondarily. This claim opposes that championed by the European academy which has so rigorously sought to de-Africanize not only Egypt but also Ethiopia.

Consider, however, the simple preponderance of references in the Old Testament to Egypt, Ethiopia, Put, Punt, Libya and other lands known to be associated with the African continent, including Sheba and Havilah. There are well over 1,500 such references in the Old Testament. This is far more than mentioning of lands in Mesopotamia. Then too, whenever there was famine within or the threat of military invasion to ancient Palestine/Israel, invariably the patriarch, including Abraham, would flee or otherwise seek relief in Africa窶馬ot Mesopotamia.

THE SPHINX邃｢ SUMMER 1999

SPECIAL FEATURE Of course, there were interactions between peoples of Africa and Mesopotamia in the biblical world and these were of a commercial, military, and cultural nature yielding similarities in language, folklore, and religious customs. It is for precisely this reason that we emphasize a second guiding proposition for our survey, namely that the best refer to the people of the Old Testament as being of Afro-Asiatic stock. Hebrew as well as Ethiopic are technically Afro-Asiatic languages. Thus, it should not be surprising that behind many of the Old Testament ways of life are architectural and cultural influences that originate in Africa, from the idea of an Arc/sacred boat to the "holy of holies" within the Temple. If the Hebrews spent as much as 400 years in Egyptian bondage, one would only naturally conclude that, despite a relatively brief interlude in the wilderness of Sinai, they would retain an enormous amount of cultural and social mores from the hundreds of years in Africa once they entered the Promised Land.

Once we understand the centrality of the ancient African ethos to the development of the Old Testament, the biblical world truly emerges as a world not only before any "color prejudice," but also as a world that had no notion of "race" based on the physical make-up of a person. The biblical world certainly practiced gender, class, tribe, and even religious bias, but not racial discrimination in any way comparable to that found in Western societies within the past few centuries after the rise of modern European imperial powers. As a consequence, persons of African descent have the opportunity to rediscover and recover today consistent and rather favorable mentioning of their forebears within the pages of the Bible, despite the fact that others have intentionally tried to obscure this important fact.

The African Heritage In The Old Testament The Old Testament or Hebrew Bible may be divided into three parts. It is customary to divide the traditional Old Testament narratives into groupings known as the Law, the Prophets, and the Hagiographa (including the Psalms and the Wisdom Literature).

Normally, the Law refers to the "Five Books of Moses" or the Pentateuch, although Moses did not literally write these books any more than did King David compose all of the Psalms. The Law, when seen as Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy, is merely a traditional way to recognize the opening Books of the Bible as having the giving of the Mosaic Law as a central feature. Moreover, these books provide the literary and quasihistorical context for the giving of the Law on Mt. Sinai (some say on Mt. Horeb). After all, the Law epitomizes ancient Hebraic and later Jewish faith. The two other segments of the Old Testament are the Prophetic Literature (including the Major and Minor Prophets) and the Hagiographa ("holy writings"). In each of these three parts of the Old Testament one encounters numerous favorable references to the lands and people of what later came to be called "Africa" by the Romans. Since the term Africa is not found in the Bible, one will need to become familiar with the biblical names of those areas within Africa, but too often construed to be 85'b ANNIVERSARY EDITION

somewhere other than in that continent to which we today routinely refer to as Africa.

The presence of blacks in the Old Testament/Hebrew Bible is rather substantial; fortunately, ours is an age that increasingly allows such an important fact to be acknowledged more widely than perhaps ever before. Since this specific topic has long been studied by my colleague, Dr. Gene Rice, Professor of Old Testament, I have asked him to supply a representative listing of key Old Testament passages that mention, indeed often celebrate, the black biblical presence. He has graciously offered the following: Nimrod (Gen. 10:8-12).

Hagar (Gen. 16; 21:8-21; cf. 17:18).

Joseph's wife, Asenath, daughter of Potiphera, priest of On (Heliopolis) and mother of Ephraim and Manasseh (Gen. 41:45, 51-52; 46:20).

Jacob adopts Ephraim and Manasseh (Gen. 48:38).

Joseph saw Ephraim's children to the third generation (Gen. 50:23).

Zipporah, Moses' wife (Exod. 2:21-22; cf. Num. 12:1; Gen. 10:7; Hab. 3:7; Egyptian execration texts from ca. 2,000 B.G).

Jethro, the priest of Midian and Moses' father-in-law (Exod. chpt. 2 and 18; Num. 10:29-32).

Phinehas, grandson of Aaron and a high priest (Exod. 6:25, etc.). The name is Egyptian and means literally, "The Nubian."

The "mixed multitude" that accompanied the Israelites when they left Egypt (Exod. 12:38).

Length of time Israel was in Egypt: 430 years (Exod. 12:40).

Jonathan, the grandson of Moses and priest to the tribe of Dan (Judg. 18:3).

David's Cushite runner (2 Sam. 18:21,31-32).

Solomon's Egypt wife, an Egyptian princess (1 Kgs. 3:1; 11:1).

Queen of Sheba (1 Kgs. 10:1-13; cf. Ps. 72:10; Isa. 43:3; 45:14).

Zera, the Ethiopian, who fought against King Asa of Judah (913-873) and who commanded an army of one million men and 300 chariots (2 Chr. 14:9-15; 16:8; cf. 1 Chr. 4:29-31).

Cush, a Benjaminite (heading to Ps. 7; identified as Saul in the Talmud).

Unnamed Ethiopian ambassadors in Jerusalem (Isa. 18:1-2).

Shabako (716-701), ally of Judah from 705-701.

Tirhaqah (Isa. 37:9; 2 Kgs. 19:9), led an army in support of Judah in her revolt against Assyria (cf. Isa. 18; 20; 29:15; 30:1-5; 30:6-7; 30:15-17; 31:1-3).

SPECIAL FEATURE The African H e r i t a g e in the N e w T e s t a m e n t As with the Hebrew Bible, the New Testament may be divided into three parts, namely the Gospels (including the Acts of the Apostle as Luke's second volume), the Epistles, and unique apocalyptic book, the Revelation, that closes the New Testament canon.

Romans and Greeks are certainly part of the New Testament, which frequently mentions them by name, military rank, or political title. Yet, Africans and persons of African decent are fully represented as well. For years, persons of African descent have taken heart upon reading the celebrated passage in Psalm 68:31â&#x20AC;&#x201D;"Let princes come out of Egypt and let Ethiopia hasten to stretch forth her hand to God!" But today there is a much greater basis upon which blacks may celebrate and otherwise take seriously their rich ancient heritage with sacred Scripture, showing that long ago their outstretched hand was fully accepted by God, despite what has happened to them in the intervening centuries. The substantial African presence in Scripture is by no means limited to an isolated verse here and there.

Regardless of the evidence that indicates a manifest black presence in the Bible, Eurocentric church officials and translators have tended to overlook or minimized the fact that black people are significantly part of the Old Testament. We too easily and uncritically consider today's European Jews and American Jews as typical of the Jews during the ancient biblical period, without factoring in over two thousand years of assimilation and ethnic blending on the part of such Diaspora Jews who moved north and settled among the Caucasians. The standard misconception about the color or racial type of the modern Jew in relation to their ancient forebears has popularized the tendency to align Western scholarship with a bias against acknowledging a major black presence in the Old Testament and this has had grave consequences on the image of blacks as somehow cursed or persons with a heritage limited to being "hewers of wood and drawers of water." As astonishing as it is, most prestigious academies and universities of the world today have in a most sophisticated manner conspired to ridicule the idea that black people have any substantive history of which the Bible speaks.

In America, it is ironic that such distortion has been vigorously championed in the so-called "Bible Belt" where obviously the "belt" of biblical interpretation has been much too tight for years. While such ultra-conservative regions champion biblical inerrancy, they have subscribed too often to gross errors in their racialist reading of Scripture. In gradual steps since the fourth century A.D., Europe and then North America began recasting the entire Bible into a religio-historical saga of so many Europeantype people. Such recasting of ancient ethnographic realities took on the unquestioned status as certain fact presented by persons who claimed to be well educated in Western civilization. Worse yet, others throughout the world followed their academic lead and in like manner stereotyped and demonized black people. The process of interpreting the Bible in terms distinctly favorable to whites and

Asians has had another effect. Blacks themselves have tended to accept a view of the biblical world as an ancient setting of people who had no racial resemblance to them. The African heritage had been expunged from the biblical record and black self-esteem plummeted. Even today, far too many still think that it is a terrible thing to demonstrate the black presence in sacred Scripture.

The African presence in the Bible is by no means limited to the Old Testament. Indeed, many Jews of the first century lived in regions where Africans intermingled freely with other racial and ethnic types. We too easily forget today that miscegenation or interracial marriage was an explicit part of Alexander the Great's policy; he wanted all subjects to have Greek blood flowing through their veins! Of course, there was no notion of the modern idea of "race" during that time, but suffice it to say that the ancients had no problem with black people nor did the Greeks and Romans consider them to be inferior. (On the contrary, persons like Aristotle thought that the northern barbarians were of inferior intelligence!) If the truth be insisted upon, the family stock of Jesus himself was none other than Afroasiatic. His parents probably resembled the typical darker Palestinian, Egyptian or Yemenite of today; many African-Americans would have similar features.

Consider a few inescapable factors that challenge the traditional Western perception of the Madonna and Child. In the Gospel of Matthew, we find the quotation from Hosea 11:1 which reads "Out of Egypt, I have called my son." The passage is part of the notorious "Flight into Egypt" which describes the way in which Mary and Joseph fled to Egypt to hide the One that King Herod feared would displace him. Assuming that we can lend some historical credence to this report, it is difficult imagining, if the holy family were indeed persons who looked like typical "Europeans," that they could effectively "hide" in Africa. One must remember and take most seriously the fact that Egypt has always been and remains part of Africa. Her indigenous people are noticeably different from the European types, notwithstanding the Hellenistic cultural incursions, beginning in earnest just over 300 B.C.E. In fact, it has only been in recent centuries that the Egyptians and other North Africans have been officially racially classified as somehow "Caucasians" (similar to the manner in which Western Civilization has come to regard all of the indigenous Africans north of the Sahara). Nevertheless, for thousands of years, Africans have migrated out of biblical Ethiopia and Egypt and have by land passed through Palestine en route to the Fertile Crescent or Mesopotamia. Thus the term Afro-Asiatic emerged and it is a fitting description of persons from Abraham to Jesus and his disciples.

Beyond this, we must also consider the hundreds of Shrines of the Black Madonna have existed in many parts of North Africa, Europe, Meso-America and Russia. These are not some weatherbeaten misrepresentations of an original white Madonna. Rather, as recent studies of the oldest such Madonnas in Italy have shown, they are uncanny reminders of the diverse ethnography of those who inhabited Palestine at the time of Jesus of Nazareth and earTHE SPHINXâ&#x201E;˘ SUMMER 1999

SPECIAL FEATURE lier. Today, in Western Civilization, many avoid the term Afro-Asiatic, due to negative modern attitudes that have been associated with Africa over the pass three or four hundred years. Yet, it may not be going too far to suggest that the "Sweet Lil' Jesus Boy" of the Negro Spiritual is probably most accurately described as an Afro-Asiatic or "a person of color." While the Negro spiritual intones: "We didn't know who you was," it paradoxically reminds many modern Christians that what Jesus actually looked like may come as a surprise.

As long as one keeps in mind that, for the most part by modern standards of race, the Jews of the first century are to be classified as AfroAsiaticsâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;this is to say that Jesus, his family, his disciples and doubtless most of the fellow Jews that he encountered in his public ministry were persons of color. They would certainly not be Europeans. We stress this point only because it has become virtually axiomatic for people to think that somehow the ancient characters of the New Testament were virtually all Europeans. Doubtless this results from the modern preponderance of European Jews in Western culture, without much reflection or critical analysis, people tend to project these modern Jews back into antiquity as if two thousand years of assimilation on their part never occurred. Having established this important interpretive principle, we can identify a few New Testament passages where there is an explicit African presence: Matthew 1:1-14

The Genealogy of Jesus in which four Afroasiatic women are included, viz. Rahab. Tamar, Ruth and Bathsheba.

Matthew 2:13-18

Out of Egypt (Africa) I have called my son (see: Hosea 11:1).

Matthew 12:42

The Queen of the South, meaning "the Queen of Sheba" (parallel reference in Luke 11:31; compare 1 Kings 101-10 and 2 Chronicle 9:1-9)-

Matthew 27:32

Simon of Cyrene compelled to carry the cross (parallel accounts in Mark 15:21 and Luke 23:26).

Mark 1:3

Note the mentioning of "the wilderness" or desert as a reminder of the geographical context for the gospel and most of the biblical narratives.

Mark 5:1-20

The Gerasene Demoniac who is nameless, homeless, and mentally unstable serves as a modern metaphor for too many African- Americans and persons of African descent around the world.

Luke 13:29

Luke instructs us through his more inclusive editing of the Jesus sayings found in Matthew 8:11. Here, Luke adds "North and South" thereby underscoring the Luke universalism of both gospel and the plan of salvation.

Luke 19:41-44

Jesus weeps over the city and initiates change.

Acts 2:9-10

The Jewish pilgrims gathered at Pentecost included persons of African descent, notably the Elamites of Mesopotamia and those from Egypt, Libya and Cyrene.

Acts 8:26-40

The Ethiopian Finance Minister on a mission for the Queen of the Ethiopians, the Kandake or Candace; he is baptized as perhaps the first non-Jew (an early tradition that rivaled the baptism of Cornelius).

Acts 13:1

Two of the four "prophets and teachers at Antioch (where persons of the Way were first called Christiansâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;11:26) were Africans, namely, Lucius of Cyrene and Symeon who was called Niger, a Latinism for "the black man."

Acts 18:24-25

Apollos, the Jew of Alexandria in North Africa, becomes converted (see; 1 Corinthians 3).

John 4:7-39

The Samaritan as ancient outcast and here metaphor for victims of racial, ethnic and gender bias today.

John 8:32

"You shall know the truth and the truth shall set you free."

Galatians 5:1

"For freedom, Christ has set you free; stand fast in that freedom and do not submit again to any yoke of slavery."

1 Corinthians 3:11

Apollos, the African Preacher (he was from Alexandria on the Nile Delta).

1 Corinthians 7:21c

Further evidence of Paul's dislike of slavery: "If you are able to gain your freedom, avail yourself of the opportunity" (see: 2 Corinthians 11:20 and the Epistle to Philemon).

James 2:1-8

Outward appearances can lead to fraudulent judgements about people. Although James principally has in mind class distinctions; the principle supports wider application).

1 Peter 2:4-10

Those who do the will of God through humble service and self-sacrifice are the only "Chosen People" and the true "royal priesthood! No racial or ethnic basis for divine election!

Revelation 1:14

The Apocalyptic Christ is here said to have "hair of fine wool, evidently drawing upon the Old Testament reference to the Ancient of Days described in Daniel 7:9- This has been made significant by the apparent willful way that translators have attempted to stress the color white and not the actual wool like texture of the hair.

Revelation 21:14,22 Sobering conclusion: New Creation.. .no Temple, no Church!

85lb ANNIVERSARY EDITION

SPECIAL FEATURE BIBLIOGRAPHY

Bernal, Martin, Black Athena: The Afroasiatic Roots of Classical Civilization, Vol. I, London: Free Association Books, 1987.

Birnbaum, Lucia Chivola, Black Madonnas: Feminism, Religion & Politics in Italy, Boston: Northeastern University Press, 1991.

DeCoy, Robert H., The Blue Book Manual of Nigritian History: American Descendants of African Origin, New York: Nigritian, Inc., Publishers, 1969.

Featherman, A., Social History of the Races of Mankind: First Division; Nigritians, London: Trubner & Co., 1985.

Felder, Cain Hope, editor, Stony the Road We Trod. African-American Biblical Interpretation, Minneapolis, Minn.: Fortress Press, 1991.

Felder, Cain Hope, editor, Troubling Biblical Waters, Maryknoll, New York: Orbis Books, 1989.

Harris, Joseph E., Pillars in Ethiopian History: The William Leo Hansberry African History Notebook, Vol. I, Washington, DC: Howard University Press, 1974.

Hughley, Ella J., The Truth about Black Biblical Hebrew-Israel, Springfield Gardens, New York: Hughley Publications, 1982.

James, George G.M., The Stolen Legacy: Greek Philosophy is Stolen Egyptian Philosophy, New York: The African Publication Society, 1980.

Leslau, Wolf, Falash Anthology: The Black Jews of Ethiopia. New York: Schocken Books, 1951.

Martin, Clarice J., "A Chamberlain's Journey and the Challenge of Interpretation for Liberation," Semeia, Vol. 47, p. 105-135,1989McKissic, William Dwight, Sr. Beyond Roots: In Search of Blacks in the Bible, Wenonah, N.J.: Renaissance Productions, 1990.

Montagu, Ashley M.F., Most Dangerous Myth: The Fallacy of Race, New York: Harper & Brothers Publishers, 1952.

Mosley, William, What Color was Jesus'! Chicago: African-American Images, 1987.

Nantambu, Kwame. Egypt & Afrocentric Geopolitics: Essays on European Supremacy, Kent, OH: Imhotep Publishing Company, 1996.

Onyewuenyi, Innocent C, The African Origin of Greek Philosophy: An Exercise in Afrocentrism. Nsukka, Nigeria: University of Nigeria Press, 1993Seaton, Daniel P., African People of Bible Lands, Nashville: The A.M.E. Church Publishing House, 1895.

Snowden, Frank M., Jr., Blacks in Antiquity: Ethiopians in the Greco-Roman Experience, Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1970.

Snowden, Frank M. Jr., Before Color Prejudice: The Ancient View of Blacks. Cambridge: Harvard University, 1983.

Ullendorff, Edward, Ethiopia and the Bible: The Schweich Lectures, 1967. London: Oxford University Press, 1968.

Brother the Rev. Cain Hope Felder, Ph.D., is Professor of New Testament Language & Literature and Editor of TheJournal ofReligiou Thought at Howard University School of Divinity in Washington, D.C. Brother Felder was initiated into the Fraternity through Beta Chapter at Howard University. Seepage 14for more about Brother Felder.

THE SPHINXâ&#x201E;˘ SUMMER 1999

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T ALPHA ON THE MOVE

THE MOVE

AL PHA PHI ALPHA BROTHER AT TOP OF AMERICAN RED CROSS LOOKS TO DPTERSIFY ORGANIZATION AND GET MORE YOUTH INVOVLED rust days into his new position as acting president of the American Red Cross, Brother Steve D. I Bullock found himself out of his national headquarters office in downtown Washington and I overseas in Central America to survey the hurricane damage done in Honduras. He was in the ountry to offer the agency's assistant to Hurricane Mitch's victims.

Another international trip was planned to take him to Macedonia to assist victims of the region's war-torn countries. It is hoped that those and other visits by the acting president will assure people around the world of the American Red Cross' continued assistance to those in need.

Brother Bullock, who was selected in January to act as head of the American Red Cross after the organization's former president Elizabeth Dole left to pursue political ambitions, has several other goals for the American Red Cross.

One of his major initiatives is to reach out to a more diverse community, getting more minorities and people from diverse cultures involved in the organization. He also plans to get more youth and more chapters involved and to improve the agency's technology.

Brother Bullock was Chief Executive Officer of the American Red Cross' Greater Cleveland Chapter, where he served since January 1982, before being named by the agency's Board of Governors to serve as acting president. As acting head, Brother Bullock is in charge of the organiBrother Steve D. Bullock zation's $2.2 billion annual budget and oversees the agency's 30,700 employees and 1.3 million volunteer staff.

Before being named CEO of the Greater Cleveland Chapter, Brother Bullock was Executive Director of the Red Cross' St. Paul Chapter and Manager of the Minnesota-Wisconsin Division.

Brother Bullock has been with the American Red Cross since 1962. He began his career serving at military installations in the United States, Europe, Southeast Asia, and in the Eastern Field Office in Alexandria, Virginia. He also has directed special Red Cross international projects, including program consultation in Africa, and was a member of the Red Cross team which traveled to Southeast Asia in 1968 on behalf of American prisoners of war.

In 1968, he was named chairman of the President's Advisory Committee, a group of senior Red Cross field executives, which counsels top national Red Cross management on issues facing the organization. In 1995, he was appointed by Elizabeth Dole to head the 1996 National American Red Cross campaign, and in 1997 was awarded the President's Award for Employee Excellence in management for the American Red Cross.

Brother Bullock earned his Bachelor of Arts degree in history and sociology at Virginia Union University and a Master's degree in business administration at the College of St. Thomas in St. Paul, Minnesota. He also has done graduate work in urban administration at Georgia State University, attended the American Red Cross Executive Development Institute at Northwestern University, and is a graduate of Leadership Cleveland.

J

THE SPHINXâ&#x201E;˘ SUMMER 1999

ALPHA ON TI A,PHA BROTHER SELECTED

ALPHA ON THE MOVE

TO STAVE OFF Y2K PROBLEMS IN THE OIL INDUSTRY ecognizing the serious potential of Year 2000 problems, Brother Walter R. Bauldrick, ' Sr. has been selected by Universal Oil Products (UOP) as Business Leader for the corporation's Y2K efforts to assure that the company can manufacture and deliver products on January 1, 2000 and thereafter.

Brother Bauldrick held the position of General Manager of Administration with UOP before recently being selected to head the company's Y2K efforts. He has worked more than 30 years with UOP, a leading international manufacturer and licensor of process technology, catalysis, absorbents, process plants and technical services to the petroleum refining, Brother Walter R. Bauldrick, Sr. petrochemical and gas processing industries. Brother Bauldrick was instrumental in UPO's donation of one of its facilities in Baltimore to the Fraternity.

A native of Winston Salem, North Carolina, Brother Bauldrick received his undergraduate degree in civil engineering from South Carolina State University in 1968. Upon graduation he joined UOP as a design engineer.

In 1980, Brother Reverend Bauldrick graduated from McCormick Theological Seminary in Chicago, Illinois with a Master of Divinity degree. In the same year, he was ordained an Itinerant Elder in the African Methodist Episcopal Church in the 100th session of the Chicago Annual Conference. He has served as assistant minister at Coppin Memorial A.M.E. Church and was assigned to the pastorate of Bethel A.M.E. Church in Robbins, Illinois in September 1982 until his appointment as pastor of Bethel A.M.E. Church in Evanston, Illinois in October 1986.

Brother Bauldrick has been involved in several religious and civic organizations. He is a member of the Chicago Alliance of A.M.E. Ministers, the A.M.E. Board of Examiners of the Chicago Conference, The Evanston Ministerial Alliance, the Evanston Ecumenical Action Council, and the DuPage County and the Evanston Branch NAACP. He also is involved in several professional organizations. In 1984, Brother Bauldrick was elected as a member of Who's Who in America and as a member of Black Achievers in Industry by the Harlem, New York Branch of the YMCA. He is a member of the Industrial Research Institute and a member of the Advisory Board of the College of Engineering at the University of Illinois at Chicago.

Brother Bauldrick is married to Patricia White Bauldrick, a principal in the Chicago Public Schools and a member of the Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, Inc. They are the parents of two sons and a daughter. One of their sons is a member of Alpha Phi Alpha and their daughter is a member of Alpha Kappa Alpha.

Brother Bauldrick was initiated into the Fraternity through Mu Mu Lambda Chapter in Glen Ellyn, Illinois. He is a life member of Alpha Phi Alpha and past president of Mu Mu Lambda Chapter.

One look at Brother Bauldrick's professional, church, civic and fraternal accomplishments and you can easily understand why he is an ALPHA ON THE MOVE.

R;

85th ANNIVERSARY EDITION

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SPHINX MAGAZINE'S Eighty-Fifth Anniversary ••• As W E SALUTE THE ALPHA'S UPON SUCH A MILESTONE ACHIEVEMENT, IT IS OUR HOPE THAT THIS CELEBRATION WILL PROVE T O B E A MOST REWARDING AND MEMORABLE OCCASION.

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FEATURE ARTICLES

BROTHER DENNIS ARCHER ELECTED NATIONAL CO-CHAIR OF DEMOCRATIC PARTY Detroit Mayor Brother Dennis W. Archer was recently elected General Co-Chair of the Democratic Party's National Committee, joining a slate of officers that will lead the Party into the year 2000.

In March, Brother Archer was elected as the Party's General Co-Chair, along with Rep. Loretta Sanchez of California, at the Democratic National Committee's meeting in Washington, D.C. In January, President Bill Clinton named Brother Archer and Rep. Sanchez to fill the newly-formed General Co-Chair positions in his proposed slate of Democratic National Committee officers. Roy Romer, former Governor of Colorado, will continue to serve as General Chair of the Democratic National Committee.

Brother Archer's election to the high-level Party position is his latest achievement in a political career full of successes. Born in Detroit, he moved at age five to the rural town of Cassopolis, Michigan where he was reared. Brother Archer graduated from Western Michigan University and after graduating, he taught children with learning disabilities in the Detroit Public Schools for five years. While teaching, he earned a law degree by attending evening classes at the Detroit College of Law. He began practicing law in 1970.

In 1985, after 15 years as a trial lawyer, Brother Archer was appointed to the Michigan Supreme Court

by Governor James J. Blanchard. The following year, he was elected to an eight-year term by the people of Michigan.

Brother Dennis Archer

At the time of his appointment, Brother Archer who was a partner in the law firm of Charfoos, Christensen and Archer, was one of the nation's most respected attorneys because of his very successful trial work and his presidencies of the National Bar Association, the State Bar of Michigan and the Wolverine Bar Association.

In his final year on the bench, Justice Dennis Archer was named the most respected judge in the State of Michigan by Michigan Lawyers Weekly. Brother Archer has been named one of the 100 Most Influential African-Americans by Ebony magazine and one of the 100 Most Powerful Attorneys in the United States by the National Law Journal.

Resigning from the Michigan Supreme Court in late 1990, Brother Archer joined the law firm of Dickinson, Wright, Moon, Van Dusen & Freeman, as a partner and began to work with hundreds of Detroit citizens and dozens of community organizations to search for solutions to the problems facing Detroit. After announcing his candidacy for Mayor of Detroit in November 1992, he was elected to a four-year term in 1993. He was re-elected in November 1997 with a majority of more than 83 percent of the vote.

NAACP FREEDOM FUND AWARD GrVEN TO BROTHER CLIFFORD HARDWICK Brother Dr. Clifford E. Hardwick, III recently received the NAACP's Freedom Fund Award, which was presented to him during the Savannah Branch NAACP's 18th Annual Dinner. Brother Hardwick is a founder of Delta Eta Chapter at Savannah State University and currently serves as chaplain at Beta Phi Lambda Chapter in Savannah. He also is a former president and was 1962 Man of the Year for the Chapter.

Brother Hardwick's involvement with the NAACP began in the early 1940s when he was a member and later served as president of the organization's Youth Council. Through his work, many doors that were previously closed to minorities were opened. Brother Hardwick's efforts even caused him to lose a job at one point because of backlash during the early years of the civil rights struggle in the Savannah area. He remains an active member of the Board of Directors of the Savannah Branch Chapter NAACP. His efforts led him to be appointed Supervisor of Secondary Education for the Savannah/Chatham County Board of Education, the first African-American in the post. He was the first African-American to chair Brother Clifford Hardwick a major Red Cross Chapter in the U.S. and the first African-American elected to serve as foreman of a grand jury in Savannah/Chatham County.

Brother Hardwick also served two terms on the Savannah City Council as Alderman from the 5th District. Before his retirement, he served as Assistant to the Dean of the Coastal Georgia Continuing Education Center. Brother Hardwick was ordained as an Itinerant Elder in the A.M.E. Church. He serves as Associate Minister of St. Phillip A.M.E. Church in Savannah and is an eloquent and well sought-after speaker.

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NEW JERSEY'S OLDEST LIVING FRATERNITY BROTHER HELPED FOUND THE STATE'S OLDEST ALUMNI CHAPTER t age 102, Brother Dr. Arthur Thornhill is the oldest living member of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity in the state of New Jersey. A founder of Alpha Alpha Lambda Chapter of Greater Newark and Essex County—the oldest active alumni chapter in New Jersey—Brother Thornhill has never stopped giving back to the community and the Fraternity.

He was born in Barbados on June 12, 1896. In the days before school integration, he was one of two African-American students in his graduating class at Montclair High School in Montclair, New Jersey. He recalled walking to school together with the other African-American student and separate from the white students in the class.

Brother Thornhill went on to attend the historically AfricanAmerican Howard University in Washington, D.C. where he was initiated into Alpha Phi Alpha.

He later graduated from Howard University Medical School, interning at the University's all-black Freedman's Hospital and in 1923, he returned to Montclair to start his own general practice in his home.

Shortly after World War II, Brother Thornhill became one of the first-two African-Americans admitted to Mountainside Hospital in Brother Arthur Thornhill at age 102 Montclair. He was meticulous and diligent. Sometimes he would be at the hospital before sunrise and not leave until after sunset, but he always made time for house calls, which endeared him to his patients.

In addition to being a busy physician, Brother Thornhill was active in pushing for civil rights. During World War II, he chaired the Franklin Delano Roosevelt Association and journeyed with others to meet with President Roosevelt to discuss getting factories to hire more African-Americans.

Brother Thornhill also was a member of the Montclair NAACP, Essex County Welfare Board and the African-American YMCA. He ran unsuccessfully for state Assembly in the 1940s. He also ran unsuccessfully for what was the Montclair Township Commission in 1948. Years later, Brother Thornhill helped out with the campaign of Matthew Carter, Montclair's first African-American town commissioner and mayor.

As an active professional, Brother Thornhill never lost touch with the common working class and poor. Even though he was active and had a thriving practice, he found time for his Fraternity.

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THE SPHINX™ SUMMER 1999

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FIRST 50-YEAR LIFE MEMBER SALUTED* rother John C. Rawls, the first Alpha Phi Alpha member to become a 50Year Life Member of the Fraternity, recently was honored for the accomplishment by Nu Eta Lambda Chapter. Brother Rawls, who is Life Member No. 21, was recognized in a 50-Year Anniversary Observance.

In providing distinguished leadership to the Fraternity, Brother Rawls has served as Chairman of the National Life Membership Committee and Florida District Director. During his tenure as District Director he initiated the incorporation of the Florida Federation of Alpha Chapters, Inc. Brother Rawls has been affiliated with six chapters: Beta Epsilon at North Carolina A&T State University; Alpha Theta at the University of Iowa; Alpha Eta Lambda in Houston, Texas; Epsilon Tau Lambda in Prairie View, Texas; Epsilon Pi Lambda in Ocala, Florida; and Nu Eta Lambda in Gainesville, Florida.

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Brothers John C. Rawls (left) and Florida District Director Gary W.Johnson at Brother Rawls'Life Membership Golden Anniversary Celebration.

FIRST 75 LIFE MEMBERS** 1. O. Wilson Winters 2. Walter F. Jerrick 3. Meredith G. Ferguson 4. Charles H. Wesley 5. Rayford W. Logan 6. Isaiah L. Moore 7. Leroy P. Morris 8. Frederick E. Murray 9. Grantham I. Simpson 0. Robert P. Daniel 1. Walter G. Daniel 12. C. Morris Cain 3. John C. Harlan 4. S.S. Booker 5. Burt A. Mayberry 16. Lionel H. Newsom â&#x20AC;˘7. Edward L. James 8. Sidney A. Jones, Jr. 19. Shepard E. Wright

20.

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22 23.

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Calvin L. McKissack John C. Rawls Harold D. Taylor Robert W.Butler Lewis Lloyd Burrell Jesse S. Chandler Wesley Hicks Roger E. Randall Aaron L.Allen St. Elmo Brady, Sr. Frank A. Dee J. Garrick Hardy St. Elmo Brady, Jr. Frank L. Stanley, Sr. Homer L. Chavis Lamar G. Harrison Billy A. Jones Andrew J. Lewis II James H. McGee

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Henry G. Parks, Jr. William N. Thomas Frank R.Veney Lloyd H.Williams, Jr. Lewis L.Wayne James C. Hairston Grover D. Lange S. Calvin Johnson Leo A. Lucas Milton S.J. Wright Charles L. Shepherd John D. Buckner Glenn V. Sampson Wayne C. Chandler J.B. Walker James V. Gibbs William H. Young Joseph L. Brewer H.P. Saundle

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William B. Rumford James A. Wright James Green Herald Price A.M. Townsend Henry J. Richardson, Jr. Booker T Holmes Charles E. Christopher Frank G.Hayne M.H. Kendrix Frank M.Reid William A. Jackson William M. Alexander Herbert Henderson James E. Huger Allan R. Durant Charles H.Clarke, Jr. Martin L. Harvey

* In the early years, Brothers were assigned different Life Membership numbers each year ** Source: Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc. 1981 Souvenir Journal, Diamond Jubilee Convention, Dallas, Texas

85'" ANNIVERSARY EDITION

FEATURE ARTICLES

E ARTICLES

MU MU LAMBDA SETS THE PACE FOR SUCCESS WITH ITS EDUCATIONAL AND MENTORING PROGRAMS

By Brothers Roderick W. Pugh, JadonalE. Ford* and Roy A. Jones, Jr. •u Mu Lambda Chapter's Spring 1999 Beautillion is being remembered as the best ever by chapter members. The event was dedicated in special tribute to Brother Jadonal Earl Ford, coordinator of *the chapter's Beautillion programs, who recently entered Omega Chapter.

This year's Beautillion was attended by nearly 1,600 Brothers and guests and raised nearly $160,000—the second time the event has exceeded $155,000 in charity monies. The handsome Beau Ideals and beautiful 1999 Court made the evening complete. The choreography of Ms. Maria Lanier and production talents of Brother Kevin Tindell kept the audience in awe all evening.

Brother Steve Baskerville, the Weather and Feature News Anchor at Chicago's CBS Network Television affiliate (WBBM), served as master of ceremonies for the fifth consecutive year. The fifth and newest academic scholarship, a $2,000 award, was named in memory of the late Brother Jadonal Earl Ford.

General President Adrian L. Wallace also took part in the program, helping General Chairperson Brother Roy A. Jones, Jr. present the Beautillion Scholarships.

Seventeen Beaus participated in this year's event. Mr. Aaron Stevens was crowned Mr. Beautillion 1999, receiving the crown from Mr. David A Hawkins, now a freshman at Howard University. Mr. Jason Johnson was named First Runner-up. Mr. Russell Brown was named Second Runner-up and Mr. Richard Gardner, Jr. was named Third Runner-up. The Ray Silkman Orchestra provided music for the evening.

Next year's event has been planned for May 6,2000 at the Rosemont Convention Center.

Mu Mu Lambda Chapter is proving to be a pacesetter as Alpha Phi Alpha moves toward the year 2000.

The phenomenal success of its educational and mentoring programs has been recognized by the national media (Jet, Aug. 18,1997).

Mr. Aaron Stevens was crowned Mr. Beautillion 1999 Mu Mu Lambda was founded in 1976, seventy years after the Fraternity's historical birth at Cornell University. The original purpose of the chapter was to accommodate the needs of 21 Alumni Brothers residing in the western suburbs of Chicago.

A significant number of its current 69 members (including 39 Life Members) still reside in the area; however, its ranks now represent all sectors of the Chicago metropolitan community. Chapter activities encompass and exceed the traditional social and networking functions of most Alumni chapters. Mu Mu Lambda's appeal is its agenda for the enhancement of the present and future lives of high school AfricanAmerican males and their families.

Inspired by the Fraternity's traditional Go-to-High School, Go-toCollege agenda and Project Alpha, the Chapter in 1983 inaugurated two educational and mentoring initiatives, the Alpha Lite Program and the Beautillion. The programs are administered by the Chapter's Educational Foundation, separately incorporated in 1987. High school males and their parents are recruited through school counselors, church, community, and personal contacts with an eye for ensuring cross-sectional economic representation. As the reputation of these programs has grown, many parents and students on their Seventeen Beau Ideals participated in this year's Beautillion. own initiative eagerly seek participation.

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THE SPHINX™ SUMMER 199

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The Alpha Lite Program is designed to provide guidance, instruction, and enhanced motivation for higher education during the high school years. The format is a seminar/workshop on a Saturday of each month of the school year facilitated by professionals, either Fraternity Brothers or others. The mentoring philosophy emphasizes meaningful interactions between students and a wide variety of accomplished African-American male professionals. In separate workshops, students and parents focus on the topic of the day with pointers added for parents on effective communication with their offspring about the topic. Subjects cover African-American history; ethics and morality; career selection in the context of evolving vocational opportunities; college selection and the pros and cons of majority white schools versus the historically African-American colleges and universities; study habits towards excelling rather than merely surviving; sources of financial assistance; managing the The Beau Ideals and Bells awed the audience all evening.

personal interview for either college entrance or employment; and

leadership and public speaking.

The largest of the Alpha Lite workshops covers "Human Sexuality," in keeping with the Fraternity's national program, Project Alpha. It includes sexual anatomy and physiology, sexually transmitted diseases, teen pregnancy prevention, dating and mate selection. It is coeducational and cosponsored with Lambda Alpha Omega Chapter of Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, which recruits the young women and their parents.

The dozen or more participating facilitators are male and female physicians, social workers, clinical psychologists, educators, and ministers.

The Beautillion is an annual African-American "rite of passage" and self-esteem reinforcing a gala event in late spring that celebrates the accomplishments of the graduating and college-bound Beau ^ H H • • • • • Ideals. The honorary hosts of the evening are high school juniors who look forward to being Beau Ideals the following year. Most participants are products of the Alpha Lite Program. Preparations amount to a nine-month tour de force emphasizing values, goalsetting, African-American culture, personal presentation, grooming, decorum, and acceptable dating practices. Beyond the choreography, the truly magic moments of the Beautillion banquet and ceremonies are: fathers place the mantle of AfricanAmerican manhood on the shoulders of their sons; Alpha Brothers in African or formal attire encircle the "new men" and anoint them with the Alpha Hymn; Mr. Beautillion is crowned by the previous Mr. Beautillion who has returned to address the audience after completing his first year of college; and finally, the scholarships and Naval Academy appointments are announced.

The Beautillion is the Chapter's premiere annual fund-rais- Congressman Brother Danny Davis of Illinois (left), General President Adrian L. ing effort, as attested to by the evening's attendance and the con- Wallace (center) andMu Mu Lambda Chapter President Ken Watkim were among the nearly 1,600 Brothers and guests. gratulatory ads/messages contained in the program booklet. The proceeds support all of the Chapter's youth programs. Beautillion XVI, in 1998, grossed over $148,000. Aggregate receipts for all 16 Beautillions exceed $1,000,000. Special recognition goes to Mr. Beautillion 1998, David Alexander Hawkins, son of an Alpha Phi Alpha Brother, who raised more than $35,000, the largest sum ever by a single Beau. For the third consecutive year Beautillion attendance has exceeded 1,500. As of 1998, a total 200 young men, their Belles, and their parents (or parent surrogates) have participated. A total of $262,000 has been awarded in scholarships. Finally, over the 16 years of the Beautillion, 22 four-year appointments to the U.S. Naval Academy have been awarded—each totaling $250,000 in value. Ninety-nine percent of Beau Ideals have gone on to college, and 35 percent of those have continued to graduate or professional school. Former Beau Ideals, after becoming Alpha Phi Alpha members, have now helped to sponsor the Beautillion. *BrotherJadonalE. 85'bANNIVERSARYEDITION

Ford recently entered Omega Chapter

FEATURE ARTICLES

EART

BROTHER ROBERT COCROFT RANKED BRIGADIER GENERAL rother Robert A. Cocroft, Assistant Division Commander-Operations 98th Division-New York, was pinned by Major General Vance Coleman to the rank of Brigadier General before more than 250 supporters, friends and family. The ceremony was held at the Milwaukee County War Memorial in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.

Brother Cocroft was born on November 16, 1946 in Conway, Mississippi and was raised in Milwaukee. In 1967, he was commissioned in the U.S. Army through the Officers Candidate School in Fort Benning, Georgia. With more than 32 years of commissioned service, Brigadier General Brother Cocroft has completed numerous leadership and strategic management courses, including Infantry Officers Advance Course, Command and General Staff College and the prestigious Army War College.

Brother Cocroft also holds a Bachelor of Science degree in Agriculture Business Management and a Master of Public Policy and Administration degree, both from the University of Wisconsin-Madison.

While on active duty, Brother Cocroft served in The Republic of Korea in addition to various command and staff positions at the Company, Battalion and Brigade levels. He also has served as an Assistant Division Commander-Support. During his distinguished career, Brigadier General Brother Cocroft has earned numerous awards and decorations, including the Meritorious Service Medal with two Oak Leaf Clusters, Army Commendations, Medal, Army Achievement Medal, Good Conduct Medal, Army Reserve Components Achievement Medals, National Defense Service Medal with one Bronze Service Star, Armed Forces Expeditionary Medal, Armed Forces Reserve Medal with Silver Hourglass, Army Service Ribbon and Parachutist Badge. His civilian occupation is the Deputy Secretary for the Wisconsin Department of Veterans Affairs.

Brother Cocroft was initiated into Mu Eta Lambda Chapter (Madison, Wisconsin) in 1988 where he served two terms as chapter president and as chapter treasurer.

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Brigadier General Brother Robert A. Cocroft

BROTHER BERNARD FIELDING'S PORTRAIT HUNG IN PROBATE COURT portrait of retired Probate Judge Brother Bernard R. Fielding was unveiled recently at the annual meeting of the Charleston County Bar Association in South Carolina and hung in the courtroom of the Charleston County Probate Court. Charles DeAntonio is the artist of the painting.

Brother Fielding, a member of Beta Kappa Lambda Chapter, served as the Associate Probate Judge for 15 years and as the elected Judge of Probate for three years.

In 1949, he graduated from Avery Institute, an American Missionary Association sponsored college preparatory high school, before attending Hampton Institute (now Hampton University) where he graduated cum laude in 1953 with a B.S. degree in Business Administration.

Brother Fielding later served two years in the United States Army, leaving with the rank of 1st Lieutenant in June 1955. He was admitted to practice before the South Carolina State Bar, the District Court of the United States of America, United States Court of Appeals, the United States Supreme Court, and the South Carolina State Board of Funeral Service.

Brother Fielding currently serves as President and Chief Executive Officer of Fielding Home for Funerals, the largest African-American owned and operated funeral home in the state of South Carolina.

The business was founded in 1912 by his father, Julius PL. Fielding.

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Portrait of Brother Bernard R. Fielding

THE SPHINXâ&#x201E;˘ SUMMER 19

REAR

FEATURE ARTICLES

GOODWILL IS THE MONARCH OF THIS HOUSE

By Brother Jonathan C. Augustine

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clearly remember my first "official" interest in Alpha. As I sat in Andrew Rankin Memorial Chapel, at Howard University, Brother Alonza Robertson was one of the speakers at the annual Beta Chapter Pre-Smoker. He recited the words of Brother Sydney P. Brown's epic poem The House ofAlpha in a way that mesmerized all in attendance...Brothers and interested guests alike.

"Men unacquainted, enter, shake hands, exchange greetings, and depart friends. Cordiality exist among all those who abide within," said Brother Robertson. Alonza effectively conveyed an important point that shall remain with me forever: first and foremost, Alpha Phi Alpha is Brotherhood and Brothers always embrace each other with love. Years and Years have past since I initially learned the worlds of The House of Alpha. However, just recently, I felt what those words really mean.

During the Memorial Day weekend this year, Brother Vance A. Vaucresson, of the New Orleans Sigma Lambda Chapter and proprietor of the famous Vaucresson Sausage Company, served as a food vendor during the first annual American Music Festival at the John F. Kennedy Performing Arts Center, in Washington, DC. Brother Vaucresson is to be commended not only The Vaucresson Sausage Company particpated with a Booth at the 1st Annual American Music Festival. Pictured (left tofor his participation in the inaugural event but for his success as a fourth generation family right) are: Mr. Alvin Wiliby, Brothers Jonathan Augustine,business leader.

Vance Vaucresson. Andrew Harris, Mr. Sidney Robinson and A business graduate of Morehouse College in Atlanta, GA, Bro. Vaucresson has defied the Mr. Antoine Newman. odds of success and proves that African-American family businesses do work and do last. In a recent edition of Inc. magazine, an article highlighted the disappointing fact that only 40 percent of black family businesses last two generations.

Even more disappointing was that only 28 percent last three generations. "Those who abide within" are proud to support and encourage Brother Vaucresson as he accepts the torch of leadership in the fourth generation of quality Creole sausage manufacturing.

Vance embraces the fraternity's aims: "Manly Deeds, Scholarship, and Love for all Mankind." Moreover, his actions are a testimony of The House of Alpha. During his trip to and stay in Washington, the "Goodwill of the House" manifest in a way he had never experienced. In chatting with my former chapter Brother, Paul Woodruff, I mentioned that I would be in Washington over the Memorial Day weekend and I also told him that Brothers Vaucresson and Andrew Harris, also from Sigma Lambda, would precede my arrival by two days. Having recently purchased a beautiful three-story DC home, Brother Woodruff insisted that rather than pay hotel cost, Brothers Vaucresson and Harris lodge with him, even though he had never met either of them. Quite naturally, recognizing the opportunity to reduce his operating expenses, Brother Vaucresson accepted the offer.

During his trip to DC, Brother Vaucresson wore his Alpha cap as he normally does in New Orleans. The difference was that in New Orleans, everyone knows that Vance is an Alpha; in route to DC, everyone wanted to meet the Alpha named Vance. While attempting to dine in Richmond, VA, Vance and company waited in an extremely long line at a local restaurant. Suddenly, the party was summoned from the back of the line and seated in a reserved section. As they wondered to what they owed their good fortune, the waiter greeted the dining party, identified himself as a Brother from Virginia Union's Gamma Chapter, and wished the gentleman well in their travels.

During the festival, Vance stopped at a local chain store to buy a host of items for his employees-items that he desperately needed for the festival. As he gave the cashier his check from a Louisiana bank, the cashier politely said, "I'm sorry, we don't accept out of town checks." At the same time, the store manager coincidentally walked by and asked if there was any problem. After becoming apprised of the situation, the manager smiled at Vance and said, "Don't worry, your check is good here. I see that you bank at the same place Henry Callis and six other Brothers of mine do."

We applaud Brother Vaucresson's efforts to sustain a household name that is synonymous with quality Creole food products, in the state of Louisiana. Moreover, we applaud the "Goodwill that serves as an instructor in the College of Friendship, the University of Brotherly Love and the School for the better making of men."

Goodwill is still the monarch of this house. It's heartwarming to know that the residents still proudly keep the light on for all to see.

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The author is the Associate Editor of The Sphinxâ&#x201E;˘ in New Orleans' Sigma Lambda Chapter.

85lh ANNIVERSARY EDITION

The Urban Scholarship Program can make the difference.

The m e n of urban America are often .1 d a d end tor those who want an education. And to make matters worse, too few scholarships reach out to help them That's why Anheuser-Busch in partnership with organizations such as 100 Black Men ot America Inc., certain Urban League Affiliates and selectedNAACPchapters created the new Budweiser Jammin' tor Education Urban Scholarship Program to benefit students in local communiI he money raised here, Kays here

C 1999 Anneuser-Buscti Companies, mc

BOOK REVI O UR KIND OF PEOPLE:

BOOK REVIEW

INSIDE AMERICAS BLACK UPPER CLASS

By Lawrence Otis G r a n a m (HarperCollins PuUiskers) I S B N 0 - 0 6 - 0 1 8 3 5 2 - 7 Reviewed By Brother Harry B. Dunbar

his book is an anecdotal study of upper class AfricanAmericans in several U.S. cities where cohort groups of such people have existed since the 19th century. Its author is himself a member of the black upper class. He has thus been able to penetrate this group through his considerable contacts, including relatives and others, across the country. The more than six years that he gave to writing the book, and the more than 300 persons that he interviewed and or consulted, lend credibility to his work.

Moreover, it seems to this reviewer that the old maxim that says that you know a person by knowing who his or her friends are is applicable in this context.

The black upper class is a self-defined group. This is one of the things that distinguishes Graham's technique from that used by the late E. Franklin Frazier in his 1957 book Black Bourgeoisie. Frazier who quite obviously did not see himself as a member of the class of people he was studying, adapted sociological techniques to the study of people that were alien to his own spirit. Graham, on the other hand, has taken a group to which he has an affinity and let its members define themselves. The result is not just a good read, but a fascinating one.

Several criteria, in varying degrees, seem to figure in determining who is, and is not, in the black upper class. Wealth, type of home, education, skin color, lineage, intelligence, social skills, presentability of spouse and offspring, self confidence, and profession are among them. Additionally, membership in certain social and fraternal organizations and church denominations are de rigueur in being selected for membership in the black upper class.

Some of these organizations were founded in the early 1900s.

(Graham dates the founding of Sigma Pi Phi at 1906. Dr. Hobart Jarrett's history of the organization sets the year at 1904.)

Length of time for which a prospect's forbears have been in the upper middle class is also a consideration. The evidence suggests, however, that there is flexibility exercised in the application of each of these criteria around the country. Moreover, it seems clear that only those who are said to be members by the local arbiters of the subject are indeed members.

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85,b ANNIVERSARY EDITION

The names that surface in this book constitute a virtual registry of the black upper class from its inception to current times.

Speaking of names, Graham mentions a 'Hewart' Guinier, which we believe intends to connote the late Ewart Guinier. (Guinier was a member of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity.)

Finally, it is quite obvious that one does not seek admission to the black upper class, one is included, or one is not. As membership in social and fraternal organizations is one of the criteria which is emphasized in Our Kind of People, readers of The Sphinx™ will be particularly interested in the role which Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc. enjoys in the election of prospects into this aristocracy of race and culture.

First, we are told that the membership of this Fraternity, founded at Cornell in 1906, is "a veritable who's who in black America..." Moreover, many among those who Graham characterizes as the old-guard black elite "...would argue that only three of the fraternities—the Alphas, the Kappas, and the Omegas—actually fit the "socieofile." His own father-in-law who was initiated into Alpha Phi Alpha in 1947 told him that an Alpha man is"... the nice guy that everyone wants his sister to date."

Graham, in a poignant passage regrets that his Princeton experience precluded his becoming a member of a fraternity, African-American or otherwise. He tells us that "I have long felt alien to—and envious of—the experience that my friends received at other colleges." What he felt that he missed was the experience of being inducted as a college student into an AfricanAmerican, Greek-letter organization. It is clear that he would have been interested in admission to Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, which he characterizes as the best of them all.

Juxtaposing Graham's situation here with that of Cornel West, his Harvard faculty colleague, makes for an interesting comparison. West attended Harvard, taking his BA in 1973. However, he did not avail himself of the opportunity to join Sigma Chapter of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity while he was a Harvard student, as many have done since 1915. West became a member of the Fraternity after teaching at Princeton.

BOOK REVIEW Men of Alpha Phi Alpha are prominent among those whom Graham cites, quotes, interviews, and otherwise features in this book. We are left with the clear impression that men of Alpha are, in their own right, "our kind of people."

Consequently, it was very easy for this reviewer to insinuate himself vicariously into the company of the personalities that Graham profiles here.

Two men who Graham consulted are members of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, but not identified as such. In the first instance, he talks of his conversations with Robert W. Jones, whose great-grandparents were among the first AfricanAmericans to become full-time residents of Oak Bluffs on the island of Martha's Vineyard in Massachusetts. Jones is, as Graham points out, a New York City real estate developer and consultant. What Graham does not mention is that Jones, a member of Alpha Phi Alpha since 1956, was a founding member in 1962 (with this reviewer) of Eta Chi Lambda Chapter of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity in suburban Rockland County, New York.

In the second instance, Graham talks of his interviews with Thomas B. Shropshire, the retired Senior Vice President of Miller Beer, who resides in Los Angeles. Here again, Graham does not mention Shropshire's Alpha Phi Alpha connection. It is through the Alpha Phi Alpha 'bond of the Black and the Gold' that I insinuate myself again into the company of "our kind of people." I met Tom Shropshire through his late brother Jackie with whom I was a member of Pi Lambda Chapter of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity in Little Rock, Arkansas in the early 1950s.

Jackie was, I believe, the second African-American to graduate from the University of Arkansas School of Law. He later went to Gary, Indiana, as an attorney, and later became a judge there. In any case, my own introduction to Robert W Jones and to Thomas B. Shropshire was through my association with Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity. I had no idea when I met them that they were "our kind of people" in the sense understood by upper class black America.

All of which brings me to a concluding perspective on Our Kind of People: Inside America's Black Upper Class.

J. Raymond Jones, the 1940s political operative in Harlem, was once told what an opposing black, a Harvard-educated politician had said about him, to which Jones replied that Harvard had

ruined more blacks than bad whiskey. J. Raymond Jones would think that the notion of an upper class black is the conception of a ruined mind. Additionally, some of those who are of Graham's cohort group see the situation differently than he.

One of Graham's fellow students at Princeton, herself the daughter of a Howard University dental school graduate, is an exemplar. Like Graham, the graduate of a predominantly white high school in suburban New York State, she navigated the Princeton academic sea, graduating with honors in Far Eastern Affairs. She has no regrets at not having an AfricanAmerican sorority experience at Princeton.

Her cousin's experience as a student in a predominantly-white high school in another section of suburban New York State, followed by a Wellesley College experience, brings her to an equivalent posture.

She has no regrets at having attended Wellesley College in lieu of Fisk, which never responded to her application for admission. At Wellesley College five or six years before the period that Graham visited, she cannot imagine African-American Wellesley women screening AfricanAmerican men for skin color for admission to a party during her era. She says unequivocably that at the time she was there this would not have happened.

Each reader will bring his or her own experience to the reading of Our Kind of People: Inside America's Black Upper Class.

Those of us who have been ruined by the bad whiskey of an African-American fraternity/sorority experience will come down in one place. Those who have not suffered the debilitating drafts of elitism will come down in another. No matter which group the reader belongs to, he or she will find this book insightful.

Brother Harry B. Dunbar is Chairman of the Publications Committee and a member of the Fraternity's Historical Commission. He is Professor Emeritus of Humanities at New York City Technical College of the City University of New York and author of the Internet CompuServe column Dunbar on Black Books, located on the Internet at HYPERLINK httpJ/www. bokoutnow. com/blackbooks/about.

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THE SPHINXâ&#x201E;˘ SUMMER 19

BOOK REVI B EATING THE ODDS

BOOK REVIEW

By Brother Freeman A. Hrabowski, III, Kenneth I. Maton and Goeffrey L. Grief (Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-10219-3

Reviewed By Brother Ralph Reckley, Sr.

^-Wiere are books that are to be read, and there are books that are to be J . read and pondered. Beating The Odds is a book that must be read and pondered, for it is the type of study that demands not only the attention of the reader but also the attention of the entire nation, because its concerns are nothing less than the education of and the preservation of the young, AfricanAmerican male who is considered to be an endangered species.

Beating The Odds is centered in the study of 60 African-American males who have been participants in the Meynerhoff Scholarship Program.

Inaugurated at the University of Maryland Baltimore County (UMBC), where Brother Hrabowski is the president, the program is funded, for the most part by philanthropists Robert and Jane Meynerhoff of Baltimore, Maryland. Begun in 1989, the program's original purpose was to encourage and support talented African-American males who demonstrated an interest in mathematics and science because of the disproportionately low numbers of African-American males in college and the national shortage of African-American males earning Ph.D.s in science and engineering since 1990, however, the program has been expanded to include females. Now it has an enrollment of over 200 students from across the nation.

Brother Hrabowski and his colleagues wanted to understand the relationship between parenting and academic achievement among African-American males. In order to effectuate this concept, they make a longitudinal study, looking at the students, the parents, and the parents' parents. What the researchers discovered is interesting in terms of family values and education. The researchers discovered that almost all the parents grew up in a

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two-parent household, where fathers were usually the providers while mothers maintained the household; however, there were situations where, because of racism and prejudice, it was difficult for fathers to find gainful employment.

Parental roles, therefore, were reversed.

Mothers became the chief providers, and THE fathers maintained the household. The fathers' role, however, did not erode their self-esteem or their authority in the home.

Both fathers and mothers indicated that their parents taught them that hard work, a sound education, faith in God, ItaUiBfl and a positive attitude, despite adversities, would help them to become successful. A few of their parents acquired a college education; some completed high school, and some did not. The research demonstrated, however, that all of the r parents' parents instilled in their children the concept of hard work and the need for a sound education.

In rearing their own children, the parents passed on the positive concepts they learned from their parents. Additionally, second generation parents became advocates for their sons, seeing that they were properly tested so that they would not be placed in classes for slow learners, conferring with teachers so that their sons would get the proper attention, moving their sons to other schools that would enhance the sons success, continually talking to their sons about their progress, and making the sons responsible for their actions. In a few instances sons strayed, but parents gently but firmly pulled them back on track.

The study demonstrated that whether or not parents were college educated, whether the sons lived in a two-parent or a oneparent household, whether there was an extended family environment or a nuclear family, all of the sons were made to understand

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Academically Successful African American (Hale*

freeman fLHraboiMki III, Kenneth 1. ton & Geoffrey L G

85th ANNIVERSARY EDITION

BOOK REVIEW

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that the family members supported their efforts. While fathers were always supportive in helping their sons to contend with the community and with the educational system, this is true of most fathers whether they lived with the family or not, it was the mothers who were the nurturing parents. The researchers insist that these sons are the center of their [the mothers] lives. The mothers have sacrificed time, money, and energy to ensure the sons well-being" However, these mothers were not shrews set on controlling their sons or emasculating their spouses.

They sacrificed so that their sons might become successful, but when fathers felt that situations were better handled by themselves or by their sons, the mothers acquiesced.

Brother Hrabowski and his colleagues, in observing three generations of males, suggest that the African-American males, no matter his educational background or his income level, is subject to have his life manipulated, by the mainstream, because of prejudice and racism.

Their views are supported by scholars and critics such as Haki Madhuti, Jawanza Kunjufu, Nafim Akbar and Earl Ofari Hutchinson who all maintain that the African-American male is an endangered species.

Brother Hrabowski and his colleagues maintain that the African-American male is under attack. However, they demonstrate that the attack is not just from the mainstream. Yes, parents indicated that they feared their sons might be attacked by police because they are AfricanAmerican males. Yes, they understood that their sons would be discriminated against in the workplace; yes, their sons might be conceived by their teachers to be dangerous because of the boys "seasoning" in an urban environment. But the researchers demonstrated that there is also intra-racial conflict and black on black crime. A son might be brutalized and/or killed by a mainstream policeman, but he might also be randomly killed by another black in his community. And if the African-American male indicates that he is intellectually inclined, he might be ostracized by his how peers for trying to imitate white folk.

The text, which is thoroughly documented, indicates that while parents and the black church support African-American males for their achievement, the educational system from kindergarten through graduate school needs to become more involved with African-American male students to enhance their success. The researchers suggest that the national community needs to become involved in the educational process of African-American males.

In his poem "America," Claude McKay indicates that America is intellectually, spiritually, and perhaps literally killing its AfricanAmerican youth. And McKay warns that unless it stops this destruction, its own greatness, its might and granite wonders will disappear because in destroying African-American youth, the country is destroying its own greatness. Brother Hrabowski and his colleagues make the same statement through sound research and documentation. Perhaps this time America will listen.

"BUILDING THE WORLD" TURNER CONSTRICTION COMPANY 1301 E. 9TH STREET, SUITE 1400 â&#x20AC;˘ CLEVELAND, OHIO 44114 (216)522-1180 Hilton O. Smith, Corporate Vice President

THE SPHINXâ&#x201E;˘ SUMMER 1999

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CHAPTER Iâ&#x201E;˘

CHAPTER NEWS

EASTERN GAMMA IOTA Hampton University Hampton, VA

ALPHA ALPHA LAMBDA Montclair, NJ Alpha Alpha Lambda Brothers are serving the community through various programs. The Chapter was recognized at the state and national levels of the Fraternity for their outstanding financial contribution to the American Red Cross. Alpha Alpha Lambda was the highest contributor of all chapters in New Jersey. The Chapter scored a second success with their scholarship dinner/dance on December 4, 1998. The theme for the affair was "An Evening of Elegance." Proceeds from the event have allowed the Chapter to continue awarding annual scholarships of more than $2,500.

PI UPSILON LAMBDA Largo, MD Gamma Iota Class of 1956 Brothers pictured (left to right) are: William G Sykes of Columbus, Ohio; William R. Bennett of Orange Village, Ohio; Governor of the Virgin Pi Upsilon Lambda, as part of the chapter's Voteless People Is A Islands Charles Tumbull; Bernard Fielding of Charleston, South Carolina; Elmo Hopeless People initiative, held a program on Citizenship for the Roebuck of St. Thomas; and jerry Allen ofLafolla, California.

Gamma Iota Chapter Brothers from the Class of 1956 cruised the southern Caribbean Islands with a stop in St. Thomas, Virgin Islands where the group was hosted for lunch and a tour of the islands by class member Chief Judge Vernon Hodge. Several other Gamma Iota Chapter Brothers who now reside in the Virgin Islands attended the luncheon, including recently elected Governor of the Virgin Islands Brother Charles Tumbull and Brother Elmo Roebuck.

ETA ZETA LAMBDA Westchester County, NY In April, the Brothers of Eta Zeta Lambda Chapter hosted their annual scholarship dinner/dance at The Carib Nightclub in New Rochelle, New York. The Carib is a popular African-American owned establishment that has been the site of some of the New York metropolitan area's most successful events, and HZL's Scholarship Dinner/Dance was no exception. Proceeds from the fundraiser went towards the Chapter's scholarship fund. In the spirit of the Fraternity's oldest national program, Go-to-High School, Go-toCollege, HZL members helped to organize and participated in the Westchester-Rockland Pan-Hellenic Council's 6th Annual College Fair which was held in March on the campus of Purchase College of the State University of New York. The Pan-Hellenic College Fair attracted more than 100 academic institutions and over 300 college-bound students.

85lh ANNIVERSARY EDITION

students of the Largo High School Oasis Program in February.

Brothers Richard Mathis, Alex Bailey, William Asmond and Thomas Ervin discussed the struggles African-Americans endured in their fight to be recognized as citizens, tracing historical steps from the Dred Scott Decision through the Voting Rights Act. The Brothers emphasized the transition from slavery, to three-fifths a person, to emancipation, to due process, to the right to vote. Also, Pi Upsilon Lambda has traditionally held an annual Financial Aid Workshop for students and parents at Largo High.

Last year, Maryland Democratic Congressman Albert Wynn asked that PUL join forces with him in presenting the 4th Annual Financial Workshop and College Fair at Largo High.

Brother Keith Wilson and Chapter President Jeff PUL Brothers conducted an education Johnson coordinated PUL's workshop on how to apply for federal and state financial aid. efforts in the joint 4th annual event. Brother Wilson, an Education Specialist at the U.S. Department of Education, conducted a well-attended workshop on how to apply for federal and state financial aid.

CHAPTER NEWS BETA SIGMA LAMBDA Hartford, CT

THETA IOTA LAMBDA Springfield, MA

Beta Sigma Lambda Brothers began their Founders' Day observance with a Friday Happy Hour at their Fraternity House. The Happy Hour was a huge success, drawing College and Alumni Brothers from across Connecticut. The next day the Chapter held their Alpha Phi Alpha Holiday Fling with music provided by Brother Dee Jay Dennis C. Mink. Guests danced to old and new rhythm & blues tunes. Saturday's success was followed by a Founders' Day Brunch and Program on Sunday, which was a private service with the Alpha wives, sweethearts and significant others. Beta Sigma Lambda Chapter President Andrew L. Strother gave the Fraternal Address. Brother Strother urged Brothers to give more of themselves to the Fraternity.

Theta Iota Lambda Chapter held their annual Thanksgiving Day Basket Donation last fall. Brothers delivered about 30 Thanksgiving baskets to needy families in the area. The Thanksgiving Day baskets were filled with all the necessary ingredients to prepare a wonderful Thanksgiving dinner. The Chapter celebrated Founders' Day on December 4, 1998, utilizing the theme "Reclaiming Alphas for the New Millennium." Six Brothers returned to the Chapter as a result of their Founders' Day program and reclamation outreach. Founders' Day also was celebrated with dinner and Christmas gifts given to approximately 35 children.

EPSDLON O M I C R O N LAMBDA Lawrenceville, VA

RHO Philadelphia, PA

Epsilon Omicron Lambda Brothers hold Valentine's Day celebration.

Eastern Vice Presidential candidates were photographed with Rbo Chapters presidents. Pictured (left to right) are: Immediate Past Rbo President James Slaughter, Brothers Philip Jackson, Leo Ross, Albert Lucas and current Rbo President Kevin Lamb.

Rho Chapter hosted a history-making Eastern Regional Vice Presidential Candidates Forum and Debate in February. The event was held in the auditorium of the William H. Shoemaker Middle School. The Vice Presidential candidates at the event were Brothers Leo Ross of Virginia, Philip Jackson of New Jersey and Albert Lucas of Connecticut. The candidates fielded questions from the Brotherhood for nearly three hours. Brother Jeffrey C. Hill, former District V (PA) Director served as debate moderator. Rho Chapter is the Fraternity's only Alumni Chapter that does not use the Lambda designation. Founded at Temple University on November 3,1914, the Chapter will celebrate their 85th Anniversary this year.

Epsilon Omicron Lambda Brothers hosted their wives and guests at a Black & Gold Appreciation Dinner on Valentine's Day. The wives of Brothers who have joined the Omega Chapter were the guests of honor.

IOTA ALPHA LAMBDA Aberdeen, MD Iota Alpha Lambda Brothers conducted a number of civic activities during the past year, including their Scholarship Banquet and Black & Gold Ball. Each event was highly successful and raised money for the Chapter's Donald J. Walden Scholarship Fund. The Chapter participates regularly in the State of Maryland Department of Transportation's "Adopt-a-Highway" program where the Chapter has a designated segment of public highway that they clean as assistance to the state in their maintenance of the highway. Iota Alpha Lambda Brothers also participated in a Pan-Hellenic Council event that provided food to some of the less fortunate in Edgewood, Maryland. The Chapter participated in the event along with local chapters of Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, Inc., Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Inc., Omega Psi Phi Fraternity, Inc., and Kappa Alpha Psi Fraternity, Inc. Iota Alpha Lambda Chapter Brothers also are active with the local Habitat For Humanity program where they assist in the construction of homes in Aberdeen.

THE SPHINXâ&#x201E;˘ SUMMER 199

CHAPTER NEWS VACAPAF MEETS AT VSU

VACAPAF members return to Virginia State University for leadership training. President Leo H. Ross (center-left) and First Vice President Otto Williams (center-right) headed the meeting.

The Virginia Association of Chapters of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc. held its fourth leadership and training conference at Virginia State University where VACAPAF was founded in 1943. Workshops on "Parliamentary Procedures" and "Election of Officers" were presented.

ALPHA GAMMA LAMBDA New York, NY Alpha Gamma Lambda Brothers gathered to celebrate the Chapter's 72nd Anniversary in December. The event was held at the Henry House Catering Hall in Brooklyn. A reception and repast was provided. Alpha Gamma Lambda Scholarship and Service Fund President Brother Gary Sutnick delivered an inspiring keynote address for the occasion. Brother "Doc" Jones and the Jazz Practitioners provided entertainment for the event.

MIDWESTERN DELTA UPSILON Miami University Oxford, OH Delta Upsilon Brothers recently held their 44th Annual Black & Gold Extravaganza. The ball was the culminating event of their Founders' Week celebration. The week included events such as a free wing night for the community as well as the Brothers sitting out for the homeless. The Brothers raised $250 from the event. Money raised was donated to the Oxford Welfare Advisory. The Black & Gold Extravaganza is a philanthropic event which is the school's only black tie affair targeted at the minority community. More than 200 Miami University faculty, staff, students, family members and Brothers and guests from the surrounding Cincinnati and Dayton areas were in attendance. Guests were treated to a night of elegance that included dinner, a keynote speaker and dancing. Delta Upsilon Brothers presented three awards during the Extravaganzaâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;the Educator of the Year Award, Most Outstanding Male of the Year Award, and Outstanding Female of the Year Award.

85* ANNIVERSARY EDITION

Delta Upsilon Brothers are pictured at their 44th Annual Black & Gold Extravaganza.

CHAPTER NEWS

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DELTA ALPHA LAMBDA Cleveland, OH

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Delta Alpha Lambda Chapter recently held its Founders' Day/Holiday Social activity at the Case Western Reserve University Squireville Farm Manor House in Hunting Valley, Ohio. The Founders' Day program highlighted the 54 Brothers in Delta Alpha Lambda Chapter that have 50 or _ more years in the Fraternity. Brother ^ J a A a Fdwin I Williams was rpropnizpd as ^ ^ ^tnbda's 50-year plus Brothers were photographedatthe Chapter's Founders'Day andHoliday Social Actimty. the senior-most member with 67 years in the Fraternity. Thirty-four of the 50-year plus members present received a glass plaque inscribed with their name and designation as a 50-year member. In addition, each of the 50-year Brothers will have his picture displayed in the Alpha Phi Alpha Housing Estates as a permanent tribute. Delta Alpha Lambda provided 204 food baskets to Greater Cleveland needy families during the Christmas holiday. The highlight of the food basket distribution was a special presentation of food to a grandmother who is caring for 12 of her grandchildren.

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SOUTHERN PI ALPHA Clemson University Clemson, SC

Pi Alpha Brothers conduct MLK, Jr. Commemorative March.

Each year the Brothers of Pi Alpha Chapter hold a commemorative service in honor of Brother Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. The service involves a commemorative march and program. This year's 15th annual march marked the beginning of Pi Alpha's Founders' Week.

Participation in the march this year exceeded all previous years. Pi Alpha Brothers added a tour of historic sites to this year's march. The Brothers and other Clemson students who participated visited the National Civil Rights Museum and several other local sites in Memphis, Tennessee.

ZETA MU Georgia State University Atlanta, GA Recently reactivated, Zeta Mu with its ten members is making 1999 one of the best years in the Chapter's history. Zeta Mu Brothers recently participated in the WATL 36 and Hands on Atlanta Phone-A-Thon. Callers made pledges to participate in community outreach programs in and around the Atlanta area. Zeta Mu Chapter also celebrated the anniversary of Brother Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.'s birth through community service. The Brothers joined forces with Operation Peace in an effort to revitalize Bedford-Pines Park, located in downtown Atlanta. Zeta Mu Brothers also participated in a march and rally sponsored by the Martin Luther King, Jr. Center for Non-Violent Social Change. The Chapter has regained their chapter suite on the campus of Georgia State University. The suite will give Brothers and other students a place to study and fellowship.

THE SPHINX™ SUMMER 1999

CHAPTER NEWS NU MU LAMBDA / MU ALPHA Decatur, GA/Emory University

Commission's calendar of activities. With the generosity of the corporate and local community, the Foundation has been responsible for the financial assistance of the African-American high school students as they attend colleges and universities of their choice.

OMICRON LAMBDA Birmingham, AL

(From left to right): Nu Mu Lambda's Gregory Bailey, Egleston Children's Hospital Director of Special Giving Juliet Marks, Mu Alpha President Chris Lee andNu Mu Lambda's L. SaidSewell, III.

Nu Mu Lambda and Mu Alpha Chapters recently initiated their "100 Hugs From Alpha" program. The 100 Hugs From Alpha project is a new annual community participatory program to give love and hope to children fighting diseases and other health challenges. The program's titleâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;developed by Brothers from both chapters who wanted to do something for children in the hospital at Christmastimeâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;emphasizes the essential spirit of the project.

The primary goal of the program is to supply 100 Teddy Bears to children between ages 3 and 12. The recipients of the project will be children in Egleston Children Hospital at Emory University.

Omicron Lambda Chapter's Education Foundation presented its 18th Annual Scholarship Ball in December. The black-tie event was held at the Birmingham-Jefferson Convention Center's Grand Ballroom. Entertainment for the gala was provided by national recording artist Michael Ward of New Orleans, Louisiana. The annual event has provided more than $50,000 in scholarships for deserving college students since its inception. Omicron Lambda Chapter also recognized chapter Brother Richard Arlington, Mayor of Birmingham, during a gala event that attracted Fraternity leaders from around the country, including General President Adrian L. Wallace and Immediate Past General President Milton C. Davis.

Brother Arlington was recognized for his service to the community and Fraternity.

ETA PHI University of Tennessee Chattanooga, TN

DELTA XI LAMBDA Orlando, El

Brothers EdJones (far left) and James Goodman, Jr. (far right) present Robert Bailey with a $1,000 Scholastic Achievement Award.

Delta Xi Lambda began the New Year with its 13th Annual Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Commemorative Luncheon. The Luncheon, which benefits the Chapter's Dr. I.S. Hankins/F.A. Johnson Educational Foundation is the kickoff event for the Mayor of Orlando MLK Holiday 85,b ANNIVERSARY EDITION

Neophyte Brothers of Eta Phi Chapter

Eta Phi Brothers celebrated "Alpha Week" as their first activity of the year. Programs and exhibits were presented with emphasis on Chapter involvement and achievement during the week. The Brother and Chapter with the Highest Grade Point Average Awards were presented to the Chapter at their annual state convention in Nashville. Other activities the Chapter conducted during the year, included Voter Registration, Kindergarten Mentoring, and a Founders' Day Banquet, which was held jointly with Psi Lambda Chapter. A scholarship was presented to a local high school senior at their annual scholarship dinner.

CHAPTER NEWS ETA LAMBDA Atlanta, GA The theme for the 92nd Anniversary Founders' Day Celebration & Reception hosted by Eta Lambda Chapter was "A Gathering of Alpha Men: Renewing the Spirit of Our Founders." The highlight of the observance came when 29th General President Milton C. Davis delivered the Founders' Day Address. With thoughtful eloquence, Brother Davis wove a tapestry that related the history of Atlanta and the members of Eta Lambda Chapter. He described Atlanta as "a Mecca for all the great things that happen in Alpha." In the address—where Brother Davis stated that it is okay for Alpha men to be elite because we are an elite organization, and we are not mediocre—he called Brothers to "rekindle the spirit of Brotherhood that was shared by the Jewels." More than 200 College and Alumni Brothers attended the Founders' Day celebration held at the Atlanta Life Insurance Company. The original Atlanta Insurance Company site served as the initial meeting place for Eta Lambda Chapter.

Authors in the Chapter were recognized during a book-signing reception that preceded the program. Brother Andrew Young, one of the authors who was recognized, donated the proceeds from the sale of his book to the Chapter's Scholarship Foundation. Twenty-sixth General President Ozell Sutton served as master of ceremonies for the event. A portrait of Eta Lambda members was presented to Mr. Charles Cornelius, president and CEO of Atlanta Life Insurance Company. Eta Lambda's Founders' Day activities concluded with a worship service the following Sunday morning at the Warren United Methodist Church where Brother Richard Winn is the pastor.

MU ALPHA Emory University Atlanta, GA

XI ZETA LAMBDA Moss Point, MS Xi Zeta Lambda Brothers enjoyed an active Christmas holiday season that began with Brother Felix Lawson serving as Santa for the Jackson County Head Start Center, Youth Court and St. Peters Elementary School. The Chapter supplied fruit and candies for Santa's sack. The holiday cheer continued with Brother Melton Harris coordinating the annual "Bell Ring" with the Salvation Army. Chapter Brothers manned the Salvation Army Post at the Wal-Mart Shopping Center December 14 - 18. Xi Zeta Lambda Brothers also hosted a dinner for its 1998 Charles H. Johnson Memorial Scholarship winners. Miss Detra Kerr, a pre-med major at Tuskegee University, Alabama and Miss Shawana Leggett, a prelaw major at the University of Southern Mississippi in Hattiesburg were the guests of honor. The Chapter also recognized the Alpha Wives for their support over the past years.

Mu Alpha Brothers have taken an active role in community service projects such as Habitat for Humanity, Hands on Atlanta, AIDS Walk Atlanta and many campaigns to feed the homeless. The Mu Alpha Brothers also have planned and sponsored a wide variety of programs that included their Founders' Day Reclamation Program, the Historical Civil Rights Exhibit/Symposium and an Alcoholism Awareness Seminar that targeted all Emory students.

Other programs such as Project Alpha and Go-to-High School, Goto-College received tremendous response from Atlanta's high school students. The programs included mentoring young children and giving campus tours for high school students interested in college. The Chapter's 13th Annual Step for Sickle Cell step show involved an exhibition step from the Mu Alpha Brothers and five other competing step teams. Mu Alpha won the Chapter of the Year Award during this year's District competition in Albany, Georgia.

PSI LAMBDA Chattanooga, TN Psi Lambda Chapter's major activities during the past year included their Founder's Day Banquet and Ceremony, held at First Baptist Church where Brother Rev. Ronald Johnson delivered the message.

The Chapter's voter registration drive helped elect Brother Walter Williams as a city judge. Other chapter activities included mentoring with the Head Start and Upward Bounds programs, the hosting Harlem Nights Gala, Scholarship Awards Dinner, and Annual Black & Gold Formal Ball. The Chapter's Brother of the Year Award was presented to Brother Dr. A.J. Garth, past president and Director of Intake.

THE SPHINX™ SUMMER 1999

CHAPTER NEWS

GAMMA SIGMA LAMBDA Fort Valley, GA Gamma Sigma Lambda Brothers recently conducted a Project Alpha workshop at the Sewell Circle Park Teen Center in Warner Robins, Georgia.

Brothers served as facilitators and pointed out the social, moral, psychological and legal implications of drug abuse, gang violence and teen pregnancy. Also, the participants were encouraged to clarify their values, set goals and make decisions that are consistent with their goals. Additionally, the young males were urged to learn facts, understand responsibility and share information with peers, family members and their communities.

Gamma Sigma Lambda Brothers conduct Project Alpha Workshop.

BETA XI LeMoyne-Owen College Memphis, TN

MU EPSILON LAMBDA Conway/Myrtle Beach, SC Mu Epsilon Lambda Chapter recently held its first Beautillion with the local chapter of Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, Inc. and presented five young ladies and six young men to society in a joint Cotillion/Beautillion. The Brothers and Sisters hosted several workshops and activities prior to the event, which focused on teen issues.

Mu Epsilon Lambda Brothers awarded several hundred dollars in scholarship from the event's proceeds. In January, the Chapter hosted its 2nd Annual Martin Luther King, Jr. Prayer Breakfast.

Beta Xi Chapter recently adopted a new theme: "We Are On A Mission." Beta Xi went to the Tennessee District Convention in Nashville determined to bring back to LeMoyne-Owen many of the awards being offered. The Chapter won the Oratorical Contest, the College Brother of the Year Award, the Step Show Competition, and the Scholars Bowl.

BETA OMICRON LAMBDA Mobile, Alabama Mobile, Alabama's Mardi Gras celebration dates back to 1704, nearly 13 years before the New Orleans carnival was established.

Brother Cedric McMiller (King Elexis I), a native of Columbia, Mississippi, served as this year's King of the Mobile Area Mardi Gras Association. Brother McMiller was initiated into the Fraternity at the University of Southern Mississippi. While at the University, he was selected to receive the Alpha Man of the Year Award, the Jones and Johnson Service Award, Fraternity Brother of the Year and the Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Service Award. Brother Dr. James R. Gavin, III, served as Grand Marshall of the Association. Brother Marshall is a life member of the Fraternity and serves as the senior scientific officer for the Howard Hughes Medical Institute in Chevy Chase, Maryland. Also, Brother Gavin was recently featured in the March 1999 edition of Ebony magazine as the chairperson of the African-American Program for the American Diabetes Association.

85'" ANNIVERSARY EDITION

Reigning over the Mobile Mardi Gras are Her Most Gracious Majesty Queen Hunteria Nelson, a member of the Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, and His Royal Highness, King Elexis I, Brother Cedric McMiller.

CHAPTER NEWS

SOUTHWESTERN ZETA GAMMA LAMBDA Langston, OK

inal justice from Southwest Texas State University in San Marcos in 1987. He received his Master of Science in criminal justice in 1993 from the same institution.

EPSILON PHI LAMBDA Port Arthur, TX Epsilon Phi Lambda Brothers celebrated the Fraternity's 92nd Anniversary Founders' Day in December at St. Paul A.M.E. Church in Ocala. The Founders' Day message was delivered by Brother Gary W. Johnson, District Director of Florida. Minister Daniel Banks rendered a selection during the program and Brother Rueben L. Williams stated the occasion.

Brothers attending commencement ceremonies includedffrom left to right) Leo Young, Ralph Grayson, Dr. Clarence Hedge, Dr. LegandBurge, Edward Daniel, Cortland Warren, Dr. Ernest L. Holloway Leonard Gaines, Jr.

Two members of Zeta Gamma Lambda Chapter recently received doctoral degrees at Oklahoma State University. Brother Legand Burge, III received his doctorate in computer science and Brother Clarence Hedge received a doctorate in education. Brother Burge, 26, is the first African-American to receive a Ph.D. in computer science from the school's Stillwater, Oklahoma campus. His father, Colonel Legand Burge, Jr. also was an academic pioneer, being only the second African-American to receive a doctorate in engineering from OSU. He received his degree in the 1970s. Brother Hedge has been employed at Langston University since 1976 and is currently serving as chairperson of the Department of Technology.

Also, Brother Hedge currently serves as Homecoming Chairperson at Langston University and has been the recipient of various awards, including the Outstanding Educator of the Year.

GAMMA ETA LAMBDA Austin, TX Gamma Eta Lambda Chapter member Anthony L. Diggs recently was honored by the Council on Licensure, Enforcement and Regulation, an international association for professional and occupational regulators. The association named Brother Diggs as Investigator of the Year. It was the first time the award had been given. Brother Diggs is the Director of Investigations for the Board of Nurse Examiner's for the state of Texas. He currently supervises a 14-member staff and oversees all aspects of the investigation from the initial complaint review to the final disposition of the case. Brother Diggs graduated with a Bachelor of Science in crim-

THETA DELTA LAMBDA El Pasco, TX

El Paso's Theta Delta Lambda Chapter members display their awards received at the 35th Texas Council ofAlpha Chapters Convention in Houston. Pictured (left to right) are: Brothers Charles Burton, Freddie White, Welbom Williams, James Ball, William Doctor and Chester Jordan.

Theta Delta Lambda Chapter was named Alumni Chapter of the Year for the second consecutive year by the Texas Council of Alpha Chapters at the recent 35th Annual Convention in Houston. Also, the Chapter won first place in the Scrapbook Competition for the second year in a row. The scrapbook chronicled the Chapter's activities in community service and implementation of the Fraternity's national programs for the past year. Theta Delta Lambda also recently recognized several Brothers for their outstanding work and achievements on behalf of the Fraternity.

THE SPHINXâ&#x201E;˘ SUMMER 1999

CHAPTER NEWS DELTA UPSILON LAMBDA Shreveport, LA

DELTA SIGMA Grambling State University Grambling, LA Delta Sigma won Chapter of the Year honors at the 36th Louisiana District Conference this past January in Monroe, Louisiana. The Chapter received the award because of its community service projects and national programs. The overall grade point average of Delta Sigma's members is the highest of all Alpha Phi Alpha Chapters in the state of Louisiana. Also, Delta Sigma Chapter Vice President MacArthur Baker won first place in the Belford V. Lawson Oratorical Contest and Chapter Chaplain, Jerald Bowman, was elected Assistant District Director, the highest position a College Brother can hold in the district. Delta Sigma Brothers held its A Voteless People Is A Hopeless People voter registration campaign during freshman orientation. The campaign resulted in 500 freshman registered to vote. The Brothers also conducted the Go-to-High School, Go-to-College program. The Chapter spoke to junior Alpha Kappa Alpha members on the importance of post-secondary education and introduced them to promising professions. The Chapter also donated turkeys and perishable food items to needy families for the Thanksgiving holidays and participated in the American Heart Walk, which is affiliated with the American Heart Association. Also, Delta Sigma's step team won $3,800 after participating in step competitions in 1998. The step team won first prize at the Skee-Phi Week Greek Show at Southern Arkansas University in Magnolia, Arkansas.

They also won first prize in the Bayou Classic Greek Show.

Brother Chris Gabriel (left) presents the Chapter's Man of the Year plaque to Brother Roy Burrell.

Delta Upsilon Lambda Chapter awarded its annual Alpha Man of the Year Award to Brother Roy Allen Burrell. The award was presented at the Bethlehem Missionary Baptist Church. Brother Burrell's many civic and community contributions include: serving on the Shreveport City Council as District G Representative; having served as Ambassador of Economics for former Louisiana Governor Edwin Edwards. In early 1998, Brother Burrell was the Universal Human Relations Award Recipient. He also serves as a Board Member of the Northwest Louisiana Chapter for the National Sickle Cell Anemia Foundation. He currently works as the Executive Director of the Inner City Entrepreneur Institute. In addition, Brother Burrell has served as president and vice president of Delta Upsilon Chapter.

WESTERN KAPPA ALPHA LAMBDA Seaside, CA The California Bay Area Chapters celebrated Founders' Day in December with an event hosted by Kappa Alpha Lambda Chapter of Monterey. The historic event was held at Hermann Hall at the Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey. More than 80 Brothers and their guests from throughout the Bay Area attended the celebration. Three Western Regional Vice Presidential candidates spoke about their campaigns. Western Regional Assistant Vice President Daniel Craddock brought greetings from the Board of Directors and Western Region Executive Director Kenneth Wynn spoke on behalf of the Regional staff. Brother Joe C. Thomas of San Francisco delivered the keynote address. Several Brothers were honored for their commitment to the community and Fraternity, including Brother Alex Richmond of San Jose who received his 50-year service certificate.

85'" ANNIVERSARY EDITION

CHAPTER NEWS ALPHA DELTA University of Southern California Los Angeles, CA Alpha Delta Chapter recently held its 2nd Annual Miss Black & Gold Scholarship Pageant. The event was held at the Wilshire Grand Hotel, formerly the Omni Hotel in downtown Los Angeles.

This year's pageant attracted several Fraternity leaders, including General President Adrian L. Wallace, Western Region Vice President Kenneth Venable and Western Region Vice Presidential Candidates Gregory French and Kermit Boston. Several of the Chapter's corporate sponsors also attended, including IBM, Robinson's May, Arrowhead Mountain Spring Water, Hollywood Park Casino, Anthony Willoughby & Associates, University of Southern California's Office of Student Affairs, Chevron, and Texaco. The event's keynote speaker was Muhammad Nassardeen, President of Recycling Black Dollars. One of the event's many highlights was a special recognition award presented to Brother Nolan Payton. Brother Payton is a founding member of Beta Psi Lambda, the oldest Alumni Chapter in the Western Region. Brother Payton also received a Letter of Proclamation from General President Wallace for 6l years of service to Alpha Phi Alpha. The winner of this year's Miss Black & Gold Scholarship Pageant was Miss Adrienne White. Miss Ashley Davis was first runner up and Miss Latreace Benson was second runner up. The scholarship pageant accented a great year for Alpha Delta Chapter that was named the Southern California District's 1999 Chapter of the Year.

Other notable events held by the Chapter during the year, included the Second Annual Honoring of African-American Women of USC; the Alpha Love Drive (Clothing and Food Drive); Topic Discussions, co-sponsored with Iota Beta Chapter of Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, Inc.; Monday Night Study Hall, co-sponsored with Theta Epsilon Chapter of Sigma Gamma Rho Sorority, Inc.; and Halloween Hunt, co-sponsored with Lambda Chi Alpha Fraternity, Delta Gamma Sorority and USC's National Pan-Hellenic Council.

Alpha Delta Chapter also celebrated its 78th Anniversary with an "Old School Dinner."

NU EPSILON LAMBDA / IOTATAU Richland, WA / Washington State University Pullman, WA Nu Epsilon Lambda and Iota Tau Brothers co-sponsored, along with Washington State University, a commemoration to Brother Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Thousands of people from eastern Washington and Idaho attended the program. Several community leaders spoke about Dr. King's accomplishments prior to the keynote address, which was presented by Dr. Patricia-Russell McCloud, a member of the Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority.

MU SIGMA LAMBDA Inglewood, CA Mu Sigma Lambda Chapter's Khalfani T Magee recently received the Boeing Company's Rocketdyne Propulsion & Power 1998 Good Citizen Award of Merit. Brother Magee was one of ten recipients throughout the division that employs 6,000 employees and was the first Brother Materials Engineer in the history of toaV«m t Magee the Rocketdyne Division to win this award. The $1,000 award received by Brother Magee will be presented to Mu Sigma Lambda for Project Alpha. In addition to winning the Good Citizen award, Brother Magee also was named a national finalist in the Boeing Company's 1998 William M. Allen Award. The award brings with it a $5,000 donation to a non-profit group selected by the winner.

GAMMA CHI LAMBDA San Francisco, CA Helping young people obtain a college education was the goal again this year for Gamma Chi Lambda Chapter at its annual scholarship breakfast. The Chapter awarded scholarships and letters of commendation to five graduating seniors for their successful high school academic achievement—holding a 3.0 grade point average or more. In addition to their academic achievement, the students were chosen and commended for their participation in community activities that provide assistance to people in need, such as the homeless program and tutoring young people. Each letter of commendation carried a $1,000 scholarship. The recipients of the Chapter's scholarships are: Israel C. Alleyne, San Francisco City College; Rickey J. Jackson, University of California-Berkley; Walter J. Herbert, University of California-Berkley; Herman Holland, III, Morehouse College, Atlanta; and Tairinda Rushing, Xavier University, New Orleans.

THETA ETA University of California-Davis Davis, CA Theta Eta Brothers have been busy performing community service in Davis, Sacramento and the surrounding community. In recognition of the Martin Luther King, Jr. holiday, the Chapter presented a play at the Varsity Theatre that looked at Brother King's contribution to the civil rights movement. The tribute was presented as part of the Chapter's 15th Annual Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Celebration. In conjunction with members of Sigma Gamma Rho Sorority on campus, the Chapter presented an affirmative action film entitled Payback to students at UC-Davis.

THE SPHINX™ SUMMER 1999

OMEGA CI BROTHER MAJOR JOSEPH BANKS BRACY was a life member of Alpha Phi Alpha. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts and was initiated November 1, 1939 at Delta Chapter, Huston-Tillotson College in Austin, Texas. Brother Bracy earned his Bachelor of Arts degree from HustonTillotson in 1941 and his Master of Social Work degree from Boston College in 1948. He became the first professional minority employee in the DHEW-Social Security Br J g n Administration fS^ wl!war. . â&#x20AC;&#x17E; ,in Baltimore in, World War II ana fltheTTf Korean June 1948. Brother Bracy served as Supervisory Employee Management Specialist; Deputy Director-Division of Registration Operations; Director-Division of Registration Operations; DHEW Family Assistance Planning Staff, Washington, DC; and Deputy Assistant Bureau Director for Administration - Social Security Administration for the next 30 years. He retired on December 31, 1979- Brother Bracy spent six years active duty and 20 years in the Maryland Army National Guard. He held numerous combat and administrative positions during his service and was a retired Major. He was a member of the Madison Avenue Presbyterian Church where he served as a deacon, trustee, elder, chairman of the Madison Avenue Presbyterian Church Restoration Committee, president of the Reginald and Marguerite Daniels Housing Corporation and the Belleview-Manchester Restoration Committee. Brother Bracy was awarded the Social Security Administration Commissioner's Citation for outstanding performance in counseling and supervisory training. He was awarded DHEW's second highest award, Superior Service Award, for significant contribution in the field of Human Relations. Brother Bracy was honored by the Men's Club of Madison Avenue Presbyterian Church with a plaque that read, "In Recognition of Distinguished Service to the Congregation." He was awarded the Silver Beaver in 1987 and the Roots of Scouting Committee recognized him for his contributions to the inner-city youth in February 1995. Brother Bracy served as Neighborhood Commissioner and District Chairman in the Trailblazer District. He enjoyed playing golf and belonged to the Forest Park Senior Golf Club. He also pitched for a semi-professional baseball team in the Negro Leagues in New England. Brother Bracy was a national champion bridge player and was a member of the Double Finesse, Two and Four, 12 Plus and Holiday bridge clubs.

He was an active member of the Fraternity's Delta Lambda Chapter in Baltimore, Maryland where he served as historian and was past chairman of the Chapter's Founders Day Committee.

85lh ANNIVERSARY EDITION

OMEGA CHAPTER

BROTHER WALKER JAMES CARROLL was initiated March 1, 1936 at Alpha Upsilon Lambda Chapter in Montgomery, Alabama.

He was born in Mobile, Alabama. Brother Carroll attended State Teachers' College where he received a Bachelor of Science degree in science and a Master's degree in education. Brother Carroll's 4l-year career in public education consisted of a year in which he taught at both Chilton County Training School and Mobile County Training School and two years as principal of Crenshaw County Training School. He became principal of Baldwin County Training School in 1938, a position he held for 32 years. Brother Carroll was Supervisor of Instruction and Attendance for Baldwin County Public Schools.

He was a member of the National Education Association, the American Teachers Association, the Alabama Education Association, the Alabama Retired Teachers Association, the Alabama Leadership Study Council, the Alabama Association of Secondary School Principals, and the South Alabama Athletic Association. Brother Carroll served as a member of the Boards of Directors of the Eastern Shore Chapter of the Red Cross, the March of Dimes, the YMCA, the Community Action Agency of Baldwin County, the Eastern Shore Institute for Lifelong Learning, the Area Interfaith Disaster Services, Baldwin County Youth Services, Baldwin County Mental Health, and the Mobile Area Council of Boy Scouts of America. He was a member of the Utopia Social Club, Phi Delta Kappa Professional Education Fraternity and Prince Hall Masons. He was a member of Big Zion African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church where he served on its Trustee Board and was Chairman of the Board of Finances. He was secretary-treasurer of the Mobile District Central Committee of the A.M.E. Zion Church. Brother Carroll was an active member of Beta Omicron Lambda Chapter in Mobile, Alabama.

BROTHER BENJAMIN L. DAVIS was a life member of Alpha Phi Alpha. He was initiated April 1, 1951 at Epsilon Iota Lambda Chapter in Suffolk, Virginia. Brother Davis received his Bachelor of Science degree in chemistry from Hampton University in 1948 and his Master of Science degree from New York University in i960. He served in the Army as a First Lieutenant during World War II, and received the Bronze Star for action in Italy during the Mediterranean Campaign. Brother Davis taught at East Suffolk High school for 12 years and was later named Principal of Southwestern High School. He was the first African-American Assistant Superintendent of Suffolk Public Schools. He was a member of the First Baptist Church, where he served on the Board of Deacons and taught the Pierce-Holman Adult Bible Class. Brother Davis was a member of the Board of Tidewater Occupational Center, Boone-Turner Foundation, Old Dominion Golf Club, National Education Association and was a life member of the NAACP. He was an active member of Epsilon Iota Lambda Chapter in Suffolk, Virginia where he was named Alpha Man of the Year in 1982.

OMEGA CHAPTER BROTHER GEORGE WASHINGTON ENGRAM, SR. was a life member of Alpha Phi Alpha. He was initiated November 30,1943 at Beta Nu Chapter, Florida A&M University in Tallahassee, Florida.

Brother Engram was born in Montezuma, Georgia. He graduated in 1933fromwhat was then Tuskegee Institute with an A.S. in electrical engineering. At the invitation of Dr. Mary McLeod Bethune, Brother Engram went to Daytona Beach Florida in 1933 to become the motion picture projectionist for the old Ritz Theater. He also worked as the maintenance supervisor at Bethune-Cookman College. Brother Engram passed the Capital City Electrical Contracting Exam in Tallahassee, becoming the first AfricanAmerican to be licensed in Florida in 1934. He was the first AfricanAmerican to pass the Florida Electrical Board and to become a master electrician and electrical contractor. Brother Engram opened Engram Electric Company, the first electrical company in Daytona Beach to be owned and operated by an African-American. He closed his business in 1942 and went to Florida A&M College to head the electrical defense training program. Brother Engram operated the motion picture department and was head of the maintenance department on the campus. He received his Bachelor of Science degree from the school in 1943. He returned to Daytona Beach, Florida in 1945 and reopened Engram Electric Company, Inc. Brother Engram became the first African-American to run for City Commissioner in Daytona Beach, Florida in 1948. He, along with Dr. Mary McLeod Bethune and others, was a founder and developer of Bethune-Volusia Beach, Inc.—currently known as Bethune Beach, Florida. Brother Engram was one of the founders and treasurer of Welricha Corporation and Motel in Bethune Beach. He was a member of the Governor's Interracial Advisory Board on Education; a member of the Daytona Beach Interracial Advisory Board; nominated for the 1971 Edition of Outstanding Floridians; a Trustee of Bethune-Cookman College for ten years; former member of the Advisory Committee of the Volusia County School Board; member of the Urban Renewal Board, City of Daytona Beach, Florida; Executive Vice-President and General Manager of BethuneVolusia Beach, Inc.; a life member of the NAACP; Westside Business and Professional Association; Board of Counselors BethuneCookman College; and former chairman of the Trustee Board of New Mount Zion Baptist Church. Brother Engram received the Martin Luther King, Jr. Award for Outstanding Service to Humankind from Bethune-Cookman College; Award for Outstanding Service in Community Relations from the Westside Business and Professional Association; the Harry T. Moore Award-Leadership and Dedication to Civil Rights and Dignity of Mankind by the Daytona Beach NAACP; Award For Community Improvement and Service-Delta Sigma Theta; and Outstanding Business Leader of Daytona Beach Award from Bethune-Cookman College. Engram Road has been named in his honor and for his leadership, dedication and contributions towards the development of Bethune Beach.

The City of Daytona Beach, Florida also named a street in his honor—George W. Engram Boulevard—in January 1997. Brother

Engram was an active member of Beta Delta Lambda Chapter in Daytona Beach, Florida.

BROTHER WALTER JAMES FLOYD was a life member of Alpha Phi Alpha. He was initiated December 1,1941 at Alpha Rho Chapter, Morehouse College in Atlanta, Georgia. Brother Floyd was born in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. He served as staff sergeant in the United States Army during World War II. Brother Floyd received his Bachelor of Science degree from Morehouse College in 1941, his Master's degree at Atlanta University in 1955 and he did his doctoral study at the University of the Pacific. His career spanned 36 years.

Brother Floyd served as Instructor and Principal of Secondary Education in Augusta, Georgia. He was an associate professor of chemistry, physical science and mathematics at Bethune-Cookman College. Brother Floyd was a member of the American Legion, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, National Honorary Scientific Society, Social Engineering and Mt. Bethel Institutional Baptist Church where he sang in the Mass Choir and was a member of the All Male Senior Group, fundraiser and community helper. Brother Floyd received the Life Membership Award, National Honor and Recognition for 25 Years of Service Award, and Award of Recognition for Forty Years of Meritorious Service from Alpha Phi Alpha.

BROTHER ROBERT JAMES GRANT, JR. was born and reared in Tunica, Mississippi where he attended elementary, junior high and senior high school. He received his Bachelor of Science degree in biological science from Tennessee State University in Nashville and his Master of Arts degree in administration from Jackson State University in Jackson, Mississippi. Brother Grant also attended the University of Florida and Grambling University for post graduate studies. He was working toward a Ph.D. degree. Brother Grant served three years in the United States Air Force. After leaving the military, he became employed with the Employment Office in Clarksdale, Mississippi.

BROTHER THOMAS DANIEL HARRIS, IV was a life member of Alpha Phi Alpha. He was initiated March 4, 1966 at Gamma Chapter, Virginia Union University in Richmond, Virginia where he was a past president. Brother Harris earned his Bachelor of Arts degree in 1968 from Virginia Union. He served as the Economic Development Director for the city of East Hartford, the co-founder and publisher of the New England Jazz News and the CEO of Triad Communications. He was a founder and the first president of the Organization of New England Chapters of Alpha (ONECA). Brother Harris entered the insurance industry as a mortgage loan analyst for Aetna Life and Casualty Company and as a public relations representative for the Hartford Insurance Group. He later joined the Greater Hartford Chamber of Commerce as Vice President of Community Services. He also held positions as President of the Hartford New Enterprises Program, Inc.; Executive Vice President of THE SPHINX™ SUMMER 1999

OMEGA CHAPTER the Upper State Street Community Development Corporation in Springfield, MA; Director of Development for the city of East Hartford; and Executive Director of the Upper Albany Collaborative in Hartford. He later served as President of the Hartford Festival of Jazz. Brother Harris served as chairman of the Community Health Services, president of Ujima, the Hartford Arts Council, Hartford Ballet, Real Arts Ways, and the Greater Hartford Business Development Center. He was an active member of Beta Sigma Lambda Chapter in Hartford, Connecticut where he was past president and associate editor of The Sphinxâ&#x201E;˘.

BROTHER ALEXANDER JONES was a life member of Alpha Phi Alpha. He was initiated December 11,1948 at Beta Kappa Chapter, Langston University in Langston, Oklahoma. Brother Jones was born in Atoka, Oklahoma. He enlisted in the United States Army and fought in World War II. Brother Jones was honorably discharged in 1948 and returned to Langston University where he earned a Bachelor of Science degree in Industrial Arts in 1950. He received his Master of Science degree in Industrial Arts in 1951. Brother Jones taught industrial art in the Oklahoma City Public Schools for over 30 years. He retired from teaching in the Oklahoma City School District in 1983. Brother Jones served on the Steward Board No. 4 of the Greater Cleaves Memorial CME Church. He was active in King David Lodge No. 50, Langston University Alumni Association, Wewoka Douglass High School Alumni Association, Retired Teachers Association and the NAACP. Brother Jones was an active member of Beta Eta Lambda Chapter in Oklahoma City.

BROTHER HERSHEL J. KING was initiated March 29,1997 at Beta Omicron Chapter, Tennessee State University in Nashville, Tennessee. He was a member of Phi Gamma Nu Business Fraternity and president of the Chicago Club at Tennessee State University.

Brother King was an active member of Beta Omicron Chapter, Tennessee State University in Nashville, Tennessee where he served as treasurer.

BROTHER EUGENE CONNOR LEWIS was born in Dayton, Ohio. He was a Lieutenant in the Army during World War II. Brother Lewis worked as an item manager at HAFB, retiring after 35 years.

He was a member of Embry Chapel AME Church where he had been treasurer of the Board of Trustees, a member of the Steward Board and superintendent of the Sunday School for 33 years. Brother Lewis was a delegate to the church's General Conference three times and also a delegate to the Annual Conference. His name is on the cornerstone of the church. Brother Lewis was secretary and member of the Pioneer Investment Club. He attended Cornell University and graduated from Yale University. Brother Lewis was initiated at Alpha Chapter, Cornell University in Ithaca, New York.

85lb ANNIVERSARY EDITION

BROTHER EDWARD I. LONG, SR. was a life member of Alpha Phi Alpha. He was initiated October 1,1935 at Alpha Beta Chapter, Talladega College in Talladega, Alabama where he also received his Bachelor of Arts degree. He earned his Master of Arts degree in Public Administration in 1950 and his LLB at St. Paul's College in 1981. Brother Long served four years and nine months in the United States Army during World War II until he was honorably discharged. He started working at St. Paul's College in 1946 and he served as Dean of Men, Director of Student Personnel, Administrative Assistant to the President, Dean of Students, Vice President for Administration and Acting President. He retired from St. Paul's after last serving in the position of Vice President for Development. Brother Long was a member of Alpha Kappa Mu National Honor Society, Sigma Pi Phi Fraternity, Brunswick Planning Commission, Southside Virginia District Planning Commission, Brunswick Chamber of Commerce and the Lake Country Development Commission. He was a moving figure in the United Negro College Fund. Brother Long was a charter member of Epsilon Omicron Lambda Chapter in Lawrenceville, Virginia.

BROTHER WALTER GORDON LYNCH was born in Brooklyn, New York. He received his Bachelor's degree from Virginia Union University and his Master's degree from New York University.

Brother Lynch was a pre-med. student before entering the U.S. Army where he served in the medics. He taught boys in a New York City high school for a few years. Brother Lynch also served as Community Center Director and Administrator for 15 years. He was a Supervisor of the NYC Youth Board and the Human Resources Administration. Brother Lynch was a life member of the NAACP and an action-advocate for individuals and groups affected by discrimination practices. He spearheaded voter registration, enabling teenagers to exercise their privilege to vote. Brother Lynch was President of the Jamaica NAACP in St. Albany, New York. He served as President of the Charlotte County NAACP. Brother Lynch served as Grapter of Gamma XI Boule Sigma Phi Fraternity. He served on the Board of Kiwanis and was awarded the Kiwanian of the Year plaque in 1988. Brother Lynch was a mentor and served on the Board of a local Vo-tech Center.

BROTHER LEROY MARION was initiated April 30, 1957 at Epsilon Tau Lambda Chapter in Prairie View, Texas. He was born in Kiblah, Arkansas. Brother Marion received an athletic scholarship to attend Prairie View A&M College in 1937 and participated in football from 1937 to 1940. He was a four-year letterman, served as co-captain and recognized as a national Ail-American for three years.

Brother Marion served as Master Sergeant in the Central Europe Campaign with the 349th Field Artillery Battalion from 1942 to 1946. He was awarded various military decorations and honors, and was honorably discharged in 1947; however, he remained in the Army and Air Force Reserve until 1959- Brother Marion received a Bachelor of Science degree in Agricultural Education and did grad-

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OMEGA CHAPTER uate studies in counseling and guidance as well as physical education. He was a high school instructor and Dean of Men at Prairie View A&M University. Brother Marion was a counselor, mentor, friend and a positive role model and confidant to many young men and women. He was appointed the Municipal Judge for the City of Prairie View. Brother Marion was a member of Mount Corinth Missionary Baptist Church and the United Men's Congress.

BROTHER CLARENCE RANDOLPH PHILLIPS was initiated April 12, 1953 at Gamma Iota Chapter, Hampton University in Hampton, Virginia. He graduated from Hampton Institute in 1954.

Brother Phillips served his country as a member of the United States Army. He obtained the rank of 2nd Lieutenant and was honorably discharged in 1956. Brother Phillips continued serving in the Army reserves until 1963 when he was discharged while holding the rank of 1st Lieutenant. He graduated from Howard University Medical School in 1961. Brother Phillips began his private practice in 1961 and worked with the Social Security Administration, the Denver Public Schools, Metro State College, University of Colorado, and the Tgri County Health Department. He was a member of the Denver Prep League, the Colorado Sickle Cell Foundation and was a member of the executive boards of several hospitals. Brother Phillips was an active member of St. Thomas Episcopal Church for 28 years where he served on the church vestry and sang tenor in the choir. He gave up private practice in 1992 and moved to Cleveland, Mississippi where he joined the staff of Delta Health Center, serving as a staff physician and for two years was Clinical Director. Brother Phillips joined the Episcopal Church of the Redeemer where he also was active on the vestry, serving as Senior Warden and a tenor in the church choir. He was an active member of Epsilon Xi Lambda Chapter in Mound Bayou, Mississippi where he served as treasurer.

BROTHER ISAAC RIDLEY, SR. was initiated May 1, 1950 at Delta Beta Lambda Chapter in Hampton, Virginia. He was born in New Bern, North Carolina. Brother Ridley graduated from Hampton University in 1941. He worked at Hampton Institute as an Electronics Instructor for ten years. Brother Ridley was responsible for building and operating the first FM radio station in the United States on the Hampton campus. He worked as a radar and communications supervisor at Langley Air Force Base. Brother Ridley became a professor of Electronics and he retired 26 years later. He received a Master of Science degree at Virginia State University.

Brother Ridley was a member of the Gillfield Baptist Church and served for 24 years on the Board of Trusteesâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;12 of those years as chairman. He was a featured tenor on the Gillfield choir. Brother Ridley was a lifetime member of the NAACP where he served as the Hampton Branch President. He served as Virginia State President from 1974-78 and as a member of the NAACP National Board of Directors for more than 20 years. Brother Ridley also served as Executive Director of the Virginia NAACP. He served on the National Board of the American Baptist Churches, U.S.A., as Vice President of

the Board of International Ministries and as Chairman of the Business and Finance Committee of the B.O.I.M. Brother Ridley won the Civilian of the Year Award in 1957. He co-founded the Gamma Iota Chapter of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc. He was an active member of Nu Lambda Chapter in Petersburg, Virginia.

BROTHER JOHN THOMAS SIMMONS was initiated May 16, 1950 at Gamma Phi Chapter, Tuskegee University in Tuskegee Institute, Alabama. He was born in Beaufort, South Carolina.

Brother Simmons graduated from Tuskegee University and Florida A&M University. He did graduate studies at Indiana University.

Brother Simmons served as Guidance Counselor at Franklin. He taught and guided Hillsborough County's children for 33 years.

Brother Simmons served as Sunday School Superintendent at his childhood church in Beaufort, and he was an ordained deacon and served in that capacity at Greater Bethel Baptist Church in Tampa.

He was a member of the Mayor's African-American Advisory Council, Florida Retired Education Association, American Legion Post No. 167 and the Sulphur Springs Action League. Brother Simmons was an active member of Gamma Zeta Lambda Chapter in Tampa, Florida.

BROTHER ISAAC SPRATT was a life member of Alpha Phi Alpha. He was bom in Beaufort, South Carolina. He graduated from Baptist College in Charleston, South Carolina in 1981 with a Bachelor's degree in accounting. He was a member of the Horsepond Baptist Church in Grayshill, South Carolina. In 1982, he joined the U.S. Air Force and honorably served his country, including a tour in Desert Storm. He graduated from Maxwell AFB Squadron Officers School in 1988. Brother Spratt resigned his commission in December 1992 at the rank of Captain. He was assigned to the 388FW at Hill AFB in 1988. He was involved in numerous community activities, including serving as vice president and regional president of the Beehive Chapter of Blacks in Government.

Brother Spratt served as recording and correspondence secretary with Pi Xi Lambda Chapter of Alpha Phi Alpha.

BROTHER LENNIE LLOYD WHITE, JR. was initiated December 17, 1964 at Alpha Phi Lambda Chapter in Norfolk, Virginia. He was bom in Norfolk County, Virginia. Brother White was a graduate of Howard University School of Pharmaceutical Medicine and a veteran of the United States Navy. He was a selfemployed pharmacist and owner of White's Prescription Shop.

Brother White worked as a pharmacist for over 40 years and retired in 1994. He was a member of St. Thomas A.M.E. Zion Church where he served on the Number One Steward Board, Senior Choir, Male Chorus, Tuesday Night Bible Study and Sunday School. Brother White was a member of the Southside Civic League, the Virginia Pharmaceutical Association, Secretary of the Class of '39 Booker T Washington High School and Chaplain of the Tucker Redevelopment Project.

THE SPHINXâ&#x201E;˘ SUMMER 1999

OMEGA CHAPTER BROTHER OWEN ABRAHAMS Beta Zeta Lambda

BROTHER LAURENCE E. GARRETT Kappa Nu Lambda

BROTHER NORMAN W. BARTEE Eta Psi Lambda

BROTHER JAMES N. GRIFFIN Kappa Lambda

BROTHER JAMES D. BECK Gamma Mu Lambda

BROTHER ROBERT PETE GRIFFIN Gamma Mu Lambda

BROTHER WILLIAM G. BELL Eta Psi Lambda

BROTHER DERICK JONES Beta Nu

BROTHER FRANK R. BROWN Beta Mu Lambda

BROTHER SPENCER W. LANCASTER Beta Mu Lambda

BROTHER GEORGE SHERMAN CARTER Alpha Gamma Lambda

BROTHER HAROLD L. LANIER Kappa Lambda

BROTHER VANCE CHAVIS Kappa Lambda

BROTHER MOSES GENERAL MILES Gamma Mu Lambda

BROTHER FREDDIE COHEN Gamma Mu Lambda

CHARLES SMITH Eta Pi Lambda

BROTHER DR. BENJAMIN I. DYETT Eta Zeta Lambda

BROTHER HERMAN L. TAYLOR Kappa Lambda

BROTHER GEORGE MCQUINN FLEARY Alpha Gamma Lambda

BERTRAND 0 . TYSON Eta Pi Lambda

BROTHER JADONAL E. FORD Mu Mu Lambda

BROTHER ANDRE WILLIAMS Gamma Mu Lambda

THE SPHINX™ DEADLINE Color or black & white photo prints are accepted for publication in The SPHINX™. Color pictures are preferred. Photographs sent to the magazine cannot be returned. Those sending photos should make duplicate prints of the pictures before sending them. Xerox copies of photographs, computer printouts, photos clipped from newspapers or magazines, and poor quality pictures will not be printed.

The next issue of The SPHINX™ scheduled for publication will be the Fall 1999 magazine. Information and materials sent for the Fall 1999 SPHINX™ should be received in the Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc. Corporate Headquarters no later than August 1, 1999. You are encouraged to send information well before that date to avoid missing the deadline. Send materials to: Editor of The SPHINX™; Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc.; 2313 St. Paul Street; Baltimore, MD 21218-5234.

The SPHINX™ is the official organ of the Fraternity. Published quarterly, The SPHINX™ is open to articles about the accomplishments of Brothers and Chapters. Notices of deceased Brothers should be sent for inclusion in the "Omega Chapter" section of the magazine. Materials submitted by the August 1, 1999 deadline will be included in the Fall 1999 edition. Articles not received by the deadline will appear in the following issue.

All articles submitted for publication must be keyed or typed in narrative form. It is requested that articles be submitted on hard copy, along with computer disk when possible. Microsoft Word and WordPerfect formats are preferred. Disks should be IBM compatible.

85'" ANNIVERSARYEDITION

Rest Wishes to Alpha Phi Alpha's 85th Anniversary of the Sphinx Magazine From the Rrothers of

KAPPA ALPHA PSI FRATERNITY, IXC. GRAND BOARD OF DIRECTORS

GRAND CHAPTER OFFICERS Grand Polemarch Ronald R. Young Sr. Grand Vice Polemarch Howard L. Tutman, Jr.

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Jr. Grand Vice Polemarch Eric M. Gima Grand Keeper of Records and Exchequer William B. Croom Grand Strategus Damon H. Mattox

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Grand Lt. Strategus Edward R Benson Grand Historian Dr. Ralph J. Bryson Grand Chapter Nominating Committee Chairman Leonard M. Bell

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Ronald R. Young Syracuse, NY Howard L. Tutman, Jr. Randallstown, MD Eric M. Gima Birmingham, AL William B. Croom Woodbridge, VA • Myron L. Hardiman Indianapolis, IN Lewis T. Berry, Jr. Philadelphia, PA Emerson A. Lattimore Dallas, TX James Muetzel Cleveland, OH Alfred "AL" White Clemmons, NC Uhriel E. Wood Orangeburg, SC

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Training for Leadership Since 1911 Kappa Alpha Psi Fraternity, Inc. International Headquarters 2322-24 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19132 Tel. (215) 228-7184 Fax (215) 228-7181 THE SPHINX™ SUMMER 1999

CORPO

CORPORATE DIRECTORY

THE SEVEN JEWELS

leury t\. WAW

Charles H. Chapman

Eugene K. joi

George B. Kelley

Nathaniel A. Murray

Robert H. Ogle

Vertner W. Tandy

V

GENE: General President I m m e d i a t e Past G e n e r a l P r e s i d e n t Executive Director G e n e r a l Treasurer Comptroller General Counsel Director-General C o n v e n t i o n s ^ i Parliamentarian VICE PRESIDENTS Eastern Midwestern Southern Southwestern Western ASSISTANT VICE PRESIDENTS Eastern Midwestern Southern Southwestern Western

Adrian L. Wallace, 281 Debra Lane, Lake Charles, LA 70611-9216 Milton C. Davis, P.O. Box 830509, Tuskegee, AL, 36083 Ronald L. Anderson, 2313 St. Paul Street, Baltimore, MD 21218 George N. Reaves, 2933 Balmoral Crescent, Flossmoor, IL 60422 Frank A. Jenkinsffl,529 South Perry Street, Suite 16, Montgomery, AL 36104 Harry E. Johnson, Sr., 8606 Running Bird Lane, Missouri City, TX 77489 Al F. Rutherford, 8585 Stemmons Freeway, Suite 730N, Dallas, TX 75247 Kenneth Jordan, 15366 Kenffield, Detroit, MI 28223 Samuel G. Wilson, 3639 Highwood Drive, SE, Washington, DC 20020 James B. Blanton III, 10625 South Hamilton, Chicago, IL 60643 Lynwood Bell, 1902 East Pollock Road, Lakeland, FL 33813 Terry German, 827 Sansome Drive, Arlington, TX 76018 Kenneth Venable, 722 West 19th Street, Unit #4, San Pedro, CA 90731 Marc Tims, 8479 168th Place, Jamaica, NY 11432 Juan Harris, 610 Northest St. #207, Indianapolis, IN 46202 Jermaine Burrell, P.O. Box 1771, Normal, AL N. Ashe Mahlaba, P.O. Box 907, Langston, OK 73050 Daniel Craddock, 3647 Jasmine Avenue #10, Los Angeles, CA

LIVING PAST GENERAL PRESIDENTS 21st 24th 25th 26th 27th 28th 29th ADMINK'

General General General General General General General

President President President President President President President

T. Winston Cole, Sr., 124 SW Twenty-third, Gainesville, FL 32607 Walter Washington, Alcorn State University, Lorman, MS 39096 James R. Williams, 1733 Brookwood Drive, Akron, OH 44313 Ozell Sutton, 1640 Loch Lomond Trail, SW, Atlanta, GA 30331 Charles C. Teamer, Sr., 4619 Owens Boulevard, New Orleans, LA 70122 Henry Ponder, N.A.F.E.O., 8701 Georgia Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20910 Milton C. Davis, P.O. Box 830509, Tuskegee, AL 36083

ITVE ASSISTANTS TO THE GENERAL PRESIDENT I n t e r n a t i o n a l Affairs Special Assistant Assistants

85th ANNIVERSARYEDITION

Horace G. Dawson, Jr., 1601 Kalmia Road, NW, Washington, DC 20012 Darryl R. Matthews, Sr., 5075 Red Robin Ridge, Alpharetta, GA 30202 Joseph E. Heyward, P.O. Box 384, Florence, SC 29503 Joshua Williams, Jr., 9696 Hayne Blvd. #15, New Orleans, LA 70127

CORPORATE DIRECTORY WORLD POLICY COUNCIL Chairman Horace G. Dawson, Jr., 1601 Kalmia Road, NW, Washington, DC 20037 Chairman Emeritus Edward W Brooke, Suite 301-S, 2500 Virginia Avenue, NW, Wash., DC 20037 Members Charles Rangle, 2354 Rayburn House Office Building, Wash., DC 20515 Huel D. Perkins, 1923—79th Avenue, Baton Rouge, LA 70807 Henry Ponder, N.A.F.E.O., 8701 Georgia Ave., Silver Spring, MD 20910 Vinton R. Anderson, AME Church Finance Office, 1134-11th Street, NW, Wash., DC 20006 ChuckS. Stone, UNC-Chapel Hill, 107 Oxford Hills Place, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 Bobby Austin, The Village Foundation, 211 N. Union Street #100, Alexandria, VA 22314 ALPHA PHI ALPHA BUILDING FOUNDATION, INC. Chairman

Everett Ward, 5002 Avenida Del Sol Drive, Raleigh, NC 27604

ALPHA PHI ALPHA EDUCATION FOUNDATION, INC. Chairman James Ward, 9306 Twin Hills Drive, Houston, TX 77031 NATIONAL COMMITTEE/COMMISSION CHAIRMEN Alpha Collegiate Scholars Awards & Achievements Budget & Finance Business & Economic Development College Brothers Affairs Constitution Elections Endowment & Capital Formation Grievances & Discipline Headquarters Maintenance Internal Auditing Jobs Fair Life Membership Management Information Systems Martin Luther King, Jr., Memorial Project Membership/Standards & Extension National Historian National Programs Personnel Publications Racial Justice & Public Policy Reclamation Subcommittee Recommendations & Resolutions Rules & Credentials Rituals & Ceremonies Senior Alpha Affairs Special Project Strategic Planning Time & Place Training & Development PROGRAM/PROJECT COORDINATORS Big Brother/Big Sisters of America Leadership Development & Citizen Education Miss Black & Gold Pageant Oratorical Contest Project Alpha ALPHA PHI ALPHA FRATERNITY, INC. CORPORATE HEADQUARTERS

Willie Ruff, 314 Applegrove Court, Herndon, VA 22071 Steven M. Sims, 2508 Dysart Road, Cleveland, OH 44118 Frank A. Jenkins HI, 529 South Perry Street, Suite 16, Montgomery, AL 36104 Harold Patrick, 5959 West Century Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90045 Barton J. Taylor, 2117 Flat Shoals Road #4, Adanta, GA 30316 Lloyd Givens, 6050 Canaan Woods Drive, SW, Adanta, GA 30331 Russell C. Campbell, 13514 Collingwood Terrace, Silver Spring, MD 20904 Christopher C. Womack, 2109 Christina Cove, Birmingham, AL 35244 Isiah Ward, 303 Waterford, Willowbrook, IL 60521 R. Leandras Jones II, 1045 Audubon Circle, SW, Atlanta, GA, 30311 David M. Cheri, 5106 Porter Ridge, Houston, TX 77053 Ralph Caro, 6826 Garfield Avenue, Kansas City, MO 66102 George Wayne Watkins, 40983 Oaks Drive #4A, Troy, MI 48098 Andre Watkins, 803 Falls Lake Drive, MitchelMlle, MD 20716 John H. Carter, 3465 Somerset Trail, Adanta, GA 30330 Ronald T James, 1717 NE 16th Street, Oklahoma City, OK 73111 Robert L. Harris, Jr., Cornell University, 310 Triphammer Rd., Ithaca, NY 14850 Ronald Peters, 1130 M.D. Anderson Blvd., Houston, TX 77030 Sean Woodroffe, 705 Summer Avenue, Uniondale, NY 11553 Harry Dunbar, 281 Rose Road, West Nyack, NY 10994 Norman Towels, 3243 Arlington Avenue, Riverside, CA 92506 Harold Foster, 5642 Georgia, Avenue, Kansas City, KS 66104 Tophas Anderson ffl, 14811 Tumbling Falls Court, Houston, TX 77062 John E. Walls, Co-chairman, 107 Colonial Drive, Vicksburg, MS 39180 Johnny Thomas, Co-chairman, 1414 Mill Street, Lake Charles, LA 70601 Darren Morton, Chairman, 549 S 7tii Avenue, Mt. Vernon, NY 10550 James Ivory, 1241 Oak Hill Road, Downers Grove, IL 60515 Richard D. Smith, Jr., 3510 Medical Park Drive #7, Monroe, LA 71203 Chester A. Wheeler IH, P.O. Box 6682, Macon, GA 31208 Elliot Ferguson, Jr., 2790 DeVinci Blvd.,Decatur, GA 30034 Phillip Jackson, 1200 Little Gloucester Road #1904, Clementon, NJ 08021 Dale Long, 1614 Dorado Street, Garland, TX 75040 Willis E. Baird, P.O. Box 74, Durham, NC 27702 Alvin Cavalier, 413-C Longwood Court, Baton Rouge, LA 70806 John German, 1124 32nd Avenue, Seattle, WA 98144 John L. Colbert, 2140 Loren Circle, Fayetteville, AR 72701 2313 St. Paul Street • Baltimore, MD 21218-5234 Phone: (410) 554-0040 • Fax: (410) 554-0054

THE SPHISX™ SUMMER 1999

CHAPTER DIRECTORY All Chapters are required to submit a Directory of Chapter Officers to the Corporate Headquarters within ten (10) days after the election of Chapter officers. The submitted form should list the Chapter's permanent mailing address. This must be a P.O. Box or a Fraternity House. The following listing contains addresses sent to the Corporate Headquarters as of May 1,1999EASTERN 101 • European District Vacant 0 2 8 5 - T b m Theta Lambda WC 5, Box 2644 APO.AE 09021 102 - New England Ustira Brother Ramon Peralta Director 100 Rocton Street Bridgeport, CT 6606 0253 - Z a a Phi lambda PO. Box 1335 Stamford, CT 06904 0256 -Era Alpha Lambda PO.Box 204342 New Haven, CT 06520 0 7 7 9 - Sigma Zaa Weslyan University PO.B, 4247,222 Church Street Middletown.CT 06459 0286 - Theta lota Lambda Box 662 Highland Station Springfield, MA 01109 0161 - Beta Sigma Lambda PO. Box 335

HanfotiCT 06141 0 3 8 1 - Theta Zaa Dartmouth College Hlnman Box 5024 Hanover. Nil 03755 0214 - Epsilon Gamma Lambda PO.Box24Vc/oR.Pryor Boston Univ. Station Boston, MA 02215 0553 - Mu Theta Lambda 118 Princeton Avenue Providence, RI 02907 0025 - Alpha Gamma Brown University

PO. Box 1167 ' Providence. RI 02912 0 7 6 3 - R h o Nu MlT/Harvard/rufts PO. Box 67 MIT Branch Cambridge. MA 02139 103 - New York District Brother Leeroy Miller. Director 274 East Columbia Street Hempstead, NY 11550 °752 - Rho .Alpha SUrlY-Brockport PO. Box 644 Brockport, NY 14420 0 2 7 1 . Eta Rho Lambda PO. Box 93093 Rochester. NY 14692 0458 - Mu Sigma University of Rochester PO. Box 23461 Rochester. NY 14692 0731 - Pi Beta SUNY - Binghamlon PO. Box 2000 Binghamlon, NY 13902 0 0 0 1 . Alpha Cornell University 409 Elmwood Avenue "naca, NY 14850 0 5 0 9 - l o t a Theta Lambda PO. Box 232 Wicott,NY 13761 0, 8 7 • Sigma Omicron *NY-Oswego PO. Box 5185 Owtgo.NY 1J121, 0511 -lota Kappa Lambda PO. Box 6565 Teall Avenue Station Syracuse, NY 1 3 2 r ° ' 5 9 - Beta Pi Lambda P ° Box 14164 Albany NY 12212 0744.K H I'nion College Box 1053 Schenectady. NY 12308

0726 - Omicron Upsilon Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute 52 Colvin Circle Troy, NT 12180 0261 - Eta Zeta Lambda P.O. Box 675 NewRochelle.NY 10802 0276 - Eta Chi Lambda P.O. Box 188 Namiel,NY 10954 0542 - Kappa lipsdon Lambda P.O. Box 1171 Hopewell Junction. NY 12533 0175 - Gamma lota Lambda P.O. Box 575 c/ojohn M. Williams Hempstead. NY 11552 0007-Ela Metropolitan New York 61 E. 8th Street P.O. Box 128 Manhattan. NY 10003 0125 - Alpha Gamma Lambda '201 West I381h Street Apt. 2 New York, NY 10030 0239-Zeta Zeta Lambda P.O.Box 110406 Cambria Heights, NY 11411 0707-XiPsi Hofstra University 549 SO. 7th Avenue ML Vernon. NY 10550 0761 - Rho Kappa SUNY-Old westbury Greenvale PO.B. I l l Brookeville, NY 11548 0 2 6 3 - E t a Theta Lambda PO Box 501 West Hempstead, NY' 11552 104-New jersey District Brother George WyatL Director 32 Spiq Pond Road Howell, NJ 7731

0"13-Omicron Zeta Fairleigh Dickenson University 1000 River Rd Sub. #748 Teaneck, NJ 07666 0531 - Kappa Theta Lambda P.O. Box 1059 Teaneck. NJ 07666 0123 -Alpha Alpha lambda P.O. Box 1885 Montclair. NJ 07042

0406 - lota Iota Trenton State University Brower Student Center Trenton. NJ 08650 0238 - Zaa Epsilon Lambda P.O. Box 158 Red Bank, NJ 07701 0242 - Zaa Iota Lambda P.O. Box 56360 Trenton. NJ 08638 0299 - Theta Psi Lambda PO.Box 53 Somerset NJ 08873 0786-Sigma Xi Monmouth College Student Center Box 56 West Long Branch, NJ 07764 0472 - Nu Iota Rowan State College Student Center S.GA Suite Glassboro, NJ 08028 0570 - Nu Gamma Lambda PO. Box 593 Glassboro. NJ 08028 0130-Alpha Theta Lambda PO. Box 1810 Atlantic City, NJ 08404 0532 - Kappa Iota Lambda P.O. Box 109 Willingboro, NJ 08046

105 - Pennsylvania District Brother Gregory Allen. Director 816 Farragut Strea Pittsburgh, PA 15206 0615 - Omicron Delta Lambda P.O. Box 42107 Philadelphia PA 19104 0016 - Rho P.O. Box 34577 Philadelphia PA 19101 0022-Psi University of Pennsylvania 3820 Locust Walk High Rise East - Suite 202 Philadelphia PA 19104 0745 - Pi Rho Temple University Student ActivCtr. Box 66 13TH & Montgomery Avenue Philadelphia PA 19120 0302 Delta Pi Cheyney College P.O. Box 431 Cheyney, PA 19319 0353 - Zaa Psi Westchester Stale College Sykes Union Bldg.

Westchester. PA 19383 0241 - Zaa Theta Lambda P.O. Box 10436 Harrisburg, PA 17105 0414 • Iota Sigma Millersville Slate University P.O. Box 24-SMC Millersville. PA 17551 0078 - Gamma Nu Perm State University P.O. Box 10607 Calder Square Stale College. PA 16805 0496 - Xi Mu

Slippery Rock University Office of Minority Affairs Slippery Rock PA 16057 0702 - XI Sigma Indiana University of Pennsylvania P.O. Box 1700 FolgerHall Indiana. PA 15705 0 0 1 4 - Omicron University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh. PA 15213 0766 - Rho Pi Edmboro University P0.BOIIK121 Edinboro.PA 16444 0136 - Alpha Omicron Lambda P0 Box 4991 Pittsburgh, PA 15206 106 - The MAAC Brother Russell Campbell, Director 13514 Collingwood Terrace Silver Spring. MD 20904

0203 - Delta Omicron Lambda PO. Box 247

Princess Anne, MD 21853 0174 - Gamma Theta Lambda PO. Box 1622 Wilmington. DE 19899 0249 - Zeta Rho Lambda P .0. Box 1203 Dover, DE 19903 0083 - Gamma Sigma Delaware Stale College 55 Freedom Drive Dover, DE 19904 0104 - Delta Lambda P.O. Box 7087 Baltimore, MD 21216 0652 - Pi Upsilon Lambda I'll Bra J766 Capitol Heights. MD 20791 0528 - Kappa Epsilon Lambda P.O. Box 44825 Fort Washington, MD 20749

0262 -Eta Eta Lambda P.O. Box 6387 Annapolis. MD 21401 0403 -Iota Zeta University of Maryland P.O. Box 53 /Stamp Union Unit of MD-College Park College Patk, MD 20742 0520 - Iota Upsilon Lambda PO. Box 2233 Silver Spring MD 20915 0 3 5 9 - Eta Zea Bowie Stale University P0. Box 1304 Bowie, MD 20718 0 5 0 2 - lota Alpha Lambda P0. Box 1002 .Aberdeen. MD 21001 0602-XiXi Lambda P.O. Box 1084 Frederick, MD 21701 0500 - Omicron Lambda .Alpha PO. Box 90208

Washington, DC 20090 0618 - Omicron Eta Lambda P0. Box 1844 Washington, DC 20013 Oil!-MuLambda P0. BOX 1993 Washington. DC 20013 0473 - Nu Kappa University of Maryland Baltimore County 1000 Hilltop Circle UCBox33 Baltimore, MD 21250 0543 - Kappa Phi Lambda P.O. Box 321 Columbia MD 21045 0737 -Pi Theta Coppin Slate College 2510 W. North Avenue Baltimore. MD 21216 107-VACAPAF Brother Ivar Brown. Director 236 Aspen Blvd Yorktown.VA 23692

0167 - Gamma .Alpha Lambda P0. Box 1666 Charlottesville.* 22902 0489 -XiDelta James Madison University PO. Box 8041 Harrisonburg, VA 22807 0132 • Alpha Kappa Lambda P.O. Box 11572 Roanoke. VA 24022 0384 - Theta Iota Virginia Polytechnic University PO. Box 346 Blacksburg,* 24060 0178 • Gamma Nu Lambda P.O. Box 247 Lynchburg, VA 24505 0305-Delta Tau Saint Paul's College P.O. Box 128 Lawrencevilie. VA 29501 0519-Iota Tau Lambda P.O. Box 202 Charlotte Court Hous.VA 23923 0200 - Delta Nu Lambda PO. Box 4384 Danville, VA 24540 0491-XI Zeta Longwood College P0. Box 2995 Farmville, VA 23909 0225 - Epsilon Omicron Lambda PO. Box 595 South Hill, VA 23970 0252 - Zaa Upsilon Lambda PO. Box 3788 Reston-Fairfax. VA 20195 0590-Xi Alpha Lambda R0. Box 10371 .Alexandria VA 22310

#'*ANNIVERSARYEDITION

0293 - Theta Rho Lambda 1009 South Quinn Street Arlington. VA 22204 0612 - Omicron .Alpha Lambda P.O. Box 1941 Dalgren,* 22448 0391 -Theta Rho Virginia Commonwealth University Student Commons.P.0.B.«8 Richmond. VA 23220 0434 - Kappa Pi College of William and Mary C.S. Box 4219 Williamsburg,* 23186 0593 - Xi Delta Lambda P.O. Box 26312 Richmond, VA 23260 0003 -Gamma Virginia Union University 1500 NLombardv Street

Box 65 Richmond VA 23220 0147 - Beta Gamma Lambda PO. Box 26631 Richmond,* 23261 0047 - Beta Gamma Virginia State University P.O. Box 9076 Petersburg.* 23806 0581 - Nu Omicron Lambda P0. Box 5186 Fori L e e , * 23801 0112-NuLambda 7108 Stanington Court Chesterfield,* 23832 0190 - Delta Baa Lambda 2203 Andrews Blvd.

Hampton. W 23663 0106-Zeta Lambda PO. Box 672 Newport N e w s , * 23607 0075 - Gamma lout Hampton University PO, Box 26 Williams Student Union Hampton,* 23668 0223 - Epsilon Nu Lambda P.O. Box 7941 Portsmouth, W 23707 0324 - Epsilon Pi Norfolk State University PO. Box 2033 Norfolk VA 23504 0220 - Epsilon Iota Lambda P.O. box 1462 Suffolk, VA 23434 0 4 7 1 - N u Theta Old Dominion University 2202 Webb Center Norfolk,* 23529 0142 - Alpha Phi Lambda P.O. Box 816 Norfolk. W 23510

MIDWESTERN 200 - Illinois District Brother Marcus Payne, Director 3012 201st Strea Lynwood.IL 60411 0329 • Epsdon Phi Northern Illinois University 180 Campus Life Building Attn: Willard Draper Dekalb. IL 60115 0544 - Kappa Chi Lambda PO Box 512 North Chicago, IL 60064 0546 - Mu Alpha Lambda P.O. Box 51 DeKalb. 11 60115 0113-Xi Lambda PO Box 87529 Chicago. IL 60680 0 7 4 6 - P I Sigma Aurora University PO Box 6083 Aurora, IL 60598

0556 • Mu Mu Lambda PO. Box 4993 Rock Island. IL 61204 0452 -MuMu Elmhurst College P.O. Box 324 Elmhurst, IL 60126 0 0 3 3 - Alpha Mu Northwestern University P.O. Box 5684 Evanston, IL 60204 0720 - Omicron Xi

Roosevelt University P.O. Box 1 425 S. Wabash CHICAGO, IL 60605 0246 - Zeta Xi Lambda P.O. Box 5470 Evanston, II 60201 0505 - lota Delta lambda PO. Box 81813 Chicago, IL 60681 0467 - Nu Delta Chicago Stale University P.O. Box 438905 Chicago, IL 60643 0360-EtaEla Western Illinois University Greek Council Office University Union Macomb, IL 61455 0566 - Mu Chi Lambda P.O. Box 4993 Rock Island. IL 61201 0288 - Theta Mu Lambda PO. Box 1157 CalumaCity, IL 60409 0589 - Nu Psi Lambda P.O. Box 1712 Bloomington, IL 61702 0371-Eta Tau Illinois State University PO. Box 604 Normal. 1 61761 0018 -Tau University of Illinois

P.O. Box 2066 Station A Champaign. IL 61820 0538-KappaPi Lambda PO. Box 1293 Peoria IL 61602 0549 - Mu Delia Lambda PO Box 6191 Springfield II. 62708 0319 -EpsilonKappa Bradley University P0. Box 1293 Peoria IL 616O6 0343 Zaa No Eastern Illinois University PO Box 432

Charleston. IL 61920 0193-DeliaEpsilon Lambda P.O. Box 265 East St. Louis. IL 62201 0412-Iota Pi Southern Illinois University 300 Cougar Lake Road Edwardsville. IL 62025 0051 - B a a Eta Southern Illinois University Office of Student Development Student Ctr 3rd Floor Carbondale.lL 62901 0555 - Mu Kappa Lambda 902 Emerald Lane Carbondale. IL 62901 201 - Indiana District Brother Adrian Cushenberry, Director 52845 Swanson Drive South Bend IN 46635 0182 - Gamma Rho Lambda P.O. Box 4320 Gary, IN 46404 0296 - Theta Upsilon Lambda P.O. Box 11732 Fort Wayne, IN 46860

0290 - Theta Xi Lambda P.O. Box 11396 Southbend, IN 46614 0388-Theta Xi Ball Slate University Box 87 Studenl Center Muncie. IN 47306 0793-Sigma Phi Univercity 0 Indiana-DePawl University 815 W. Michigan SLLY 006 Indianapolis, IN 46202 0109 - lota Lambda P.O. Box 88131 Indianapolis. IN 46208 0073 - Gamma Eta Indiana University PO Box 5202 Bloomington, IN 47407 0539 - Kappa Rho Lambda PO. Box 15031 Evansville. IN 47716 0347 - Zeu Rho Imimna Slate IniwiMH P.O. Box 1024 Terre Haute. IN 47809 202 - Iowa District Brother Donald Butler. Director 2612 E. Madison Avenue Des Moines. 14 50317 0243 - Zeta Kappa Lambda P.O. Box 5006 Des Moines. LA 50306 203 - Kansas Distrid Brother William Richards, Director 708 Fillmore Topeka, KS 66606 0437-Kappa Tau Kansas State University Holton Hall »203B Manhattan. KS 66506 0647 - Pi Omicron Lambda P.O. Box 3084 Fort LeavenwDrth, KS 6602" 0019 - Upsilon University of Kansas PO Box 442440 Lawrence, KS 66044 0087 - Gamma Chi Pittsburg State University PO. 491701 S. Broadway C/OPSU Pittsburg. KS 66762 0257 - Eta Baa Lambda P.O. Box 68 Kechi. KS 67067 0195 - Delta Eta Lambda PO. Box 1692 Topeka KS 66601 0099 - Delta Mu Wichita State University P0. Box 8 Wichita State University Wichita KS 67208 204 - KenruckyDistrict Brother Lee Jackson, Director 3632 A Bold Bidder Drive Lexington. KY 40517 0037 • Alpha PI University of Louisville Studenl Activities Center Box 12 Louisville. KY 40292 0 0 5 5 - B a a Mu Kentucky State University P.O. Box 1545 Frankfort KY 40601 0101-Alpha Lambda P.O. Box 2963 Louisville. KY 40201 0168 - Gamma Baa Lambda 661 Montclair Road Frankfort, KY 40601 0124 - Alpha Baa Lambda PO Box 1248 Lexington. KY 40588

0486-XI Alpha Morehead State University P.O. Box 2414 Morehead, KY 40351 11754 • Rho Gamma Northern Kentucky University P.O. Box 24

University Center 10 Highland Heights, KY 41099 0369 - Eta Rho Western Kentucky University WKU Box 8321 1 Big Red IRrj Bowling Green. KY 42101 0604 -Xi PI Lambda PO. Box 1612 Paducah. KY 42001 0 3 4 5 - Z a a Omicron Murray Stale University PO Box 2309 Univ. Station Murray, KY 42071 205 - Michigan Distria Brother Mark Tillman. Director 23921 Westhampton Oak Park. Ml 48237 0283 -Theta Zaa Lambda P0 Box 15321 Ann Arbor, MI 48106 0005 - Epsilon University of Michigan 530 South Stale Strea Room 14125 Ann Arbor, MI 48104 0316 - Epsilon Eta Eastern Michigan University 2881 Bynan Apt 206 Ypsilan'fi, MI 48197 0267 - Eta Nu Lambda P0. Box 8704 KentwooiMI 49518 0521 - Iota Phi Lambda PO Box 44033 Muskegon Heights, Ml 49444 0402 - Iota Epsilon Grand Valley State University 1 Campus Drive-Kirkhof Center .Allendale, Ml 49401 0333 - Zaa Beta Ferris State University Rankin Center Box 6 Bog Rapids, Ml 49307 0041 -Alpha Upsilon Wayne Stare University Wayne St Univ, Studenl Ctr Bid P.O. Box 007

Detroil MI 48202 0748-PIUpsdon University of Michigan 4901 Evergreen Road Student Affairs Office Dearborn. MI 48108 0103 -Gamma Lambda PO. Box 441763 Detroil MI 48244 0393 - Theta Tau GMI Engineering and Management InsUtute 814 W Third Avenue Flinl Ml 48503 0230 - Epsilon Upsilon Lambda PO. Box 1218 Flinl Ml 48501

0 5 1 7 - I o t a Rho Lambda PO Box 7367 Bloomfield Hills. Ml 48302 0545 - Kappa Psi Lambda P0. Box 1414 Portage. Ml 49081 0322-Epsilon Xi Western Michigan University PO Box 29

Faunce Studenl Service Bldg Kalamazoo. MI 49008 0 3 3 5 - Z a a Delta Michigan State University 924 C Lane East Lansing, MI 48823

CHAPTER DIRECTORY 0755 - Rbo Delu Centra] Michigan University P.O. Box 2029 ML PleasanL Ml 48804 0522 • lou Chi Lambda P.O.Box Unit.

Saginaw. Ml 48601 0527 • lappa M i a Lambda 1637 Willow Creek Lansing, Ml 48917 0 6 4 4 - PI Mu Lambda PO.Box 5798/STfflONB Montreal (QUEBEC) Canada H3B4T1, 207 • Missouri District Brother Herbert Thomas. Jr..

Director 1521 Native Darncer Court Columbia. M0 65202 0331 -EpsUonPsi University of Missouri RO.BoxV Rolls, MO 65402 0488 - B Gamma Southeast Missouri University 1 University Plaza MS0040 Cape Girardeau. MO 63701 0029 -Alpha Eta Washington University P.O. Box 170036 a Louis. MO 63117 0105 - Epsilon Lambda P.O. Box 5435 St. Louis. MO 63147 04l0.ltna.Xi Northeast Missouri State iniversir.

Student Union Building Hrksville, MO 63501 0332 - Zeta Alpha University of Missouri A022 Brady Commons Columbia. MO 65211 0150 Beta Zeta Lambda 1503 Chestnut Street Jefferson City. MO 65101 0594 - XI Epsilon Lambda PO.Box 1651 Columbia, MO 65202 0759-Rho Then Northwest Missouri Stale University 800 University Drive Student Union M a r y * MO 64468 0102-Beta Lambda PO. Box 300221 Kansas City. MO 64130 0334 - Zeu Gamma Central Missouri State University SAC Box 12 Warrensburg, MO 64093 0303 - Delta Rho Universitv of Missouri 5100 Rcckhill Office of Student life Kansas City, MO 64130 0781 • Sigma Theta Southwest Missouri State University 901S. National Springfield, MO 65804 208 - Nebraska District Brother Glen Dee, Director 8716 N. 54th Avenue Omaha. NE 68152 0157-BetaXi Lambda P.O. Box 1425 Omaha. NE 68005 0046 • Beta Beta University of Nebraska #20 Univ of Nebraska at Omaha 6001 Dodge Street Omaha NE 68182 209 - Ohio District Brother Dam/I Peal, Director 7815 Franklin Park Sou* Columbus, OH 43205 0317 - Epsdon Theta Bowling Green State University 603 E Reed Street Bowling Green, OH 43402 0310 -Epsilon Alpha University of Toledo PO. Box 352215 Toledo, OH 43635

0135 - Alpha XI Lambda 525 E. Woodruff Toledo. OH 43624 00"4 - Gamma Theta University of Dayton 331 Kiefaber Street Dayton, OH 45401 0749 • PI Phi Wright State University Greek Affair Office 3640 Cobnal Glenn Highway Fairbom, OH 45435 0108 - Theta Lambda RO, Box 468 Paul Lawrence Dunbar Station Dayton, OH 45417 0121-Chi Lambda PO. Box 351 Wilberforce. OH 45384 0300-Delta Xi Central State University RO. Box 411 Wilberforce. OH 45384 0013 -JO Wilberforce University P.O. Box 21 Wilberforce. OH 45384 0023 -Alpha Alpha University of Cincinnati PO. Box 9096 Cincinnati, OH 45221 0776 - Sigma Gamma Xavler University 3800 victory Parkway Cincinnati, OH 45207 0191 -Delta Gamma Lambda PO. Box 6123 Cincinnati. OH 45206 0306 - Delta Upsilon Miami University 411E. Church Street Oxford. OH 45056 0020-Phi Ohio University RO. Box 2311 Athens, OH 45701 0770 - Rho Upsilon Denison University Slayter Box 2105 Denison Univ, Granville, OH 43023 0706 - Xi Chi Wittenberg University Wittenburg Univ. Box 3870 P.O. Box 6100 Springfield, OH 45501 0138 - Alpha Rho Lambda RO. Box 360464 Columbus. OH 43236 0723 - Omicron Rho Ohio Wesleyan University P.O. BOX091192 Columbus. OH 43209 0010 Kappa Ohio State University 1739 N. High Street Room 313 Columbus, OH 43210 0189 - Delia Alpha Lambda PO. Box 91932 Cleveland. OH 44101 0313-Epsdon Delta Kent State University Office OF Campus lie/Box A Kenl OH 44243 0015 -Pi Cleveland State University 261/2 South Main SI Apt.»1 Oberlin. OH 44074 0273-Eta Tau Lambda P.O. Box 582 Akron. OH 44309 0712 - Omicron Epsilon Youngslown State University P.O. Box 1880 Youngstown. OH 44501 210-West Virginia District Brother Stephan Murphy, Director 303-A 3rd Dunbar, WV 25064 0475 - Nu Nu Marshall University P.O. Box 1116 Huntington. WV 25713

0052 - Beta Theta Bluefield Slate College P.O. Box 506 Bluefield, WV 24701 0128-Alpha Zeta Lambda P.O. Box 671 Bluefield. WV 24701 0028 - Alpha Zeta West Virginia State College P.O. Box 415 lnsittute.WV 25112 0769 - Rho Till West Virginia Wesleyan College WVWCB0X155 Buckhannon.WV 26201 0131 - Alpha lou Lambda P.O. Box 904 Institute, WV 25112 220 - Wisconsin District Brother Dwight McDonald, Director 4413 Prairieview Drive Madison, Wl 53704 0340 - Zeta l o u University of Wisconsin PO.BOX84 Whitewater, Wl 53190 0 5 5 2 - M u Eta Lambda P.O. Box 656 Madison. Wl 53701 0071 - Gamma Epsilon University of Wisconsin RO. Box 656 Madison, Wl 0210 - Delu Chi Lambda P.O. Box 83205 Milwaukee, Wl 53223 0327 - Epsilon Tau University of Wisconsin 6956 N, RaintreeDr. Unit D

Milwaukee, Wl 53223

SOUTHERN 300 - Alabama District Brother Bruce Crawford, Director 6613 Willow Springs Blvd,NW Huntsville.AL 35806 0091 -Delu Gamma Alabama A&M University PO. Box 220 Normal, AL 35762 0196 - Delu Theu Lambda PO. Box 189 Normal. AL 35762 0535 - Kappa Nu Lambda PO. Box 622 Sheffield, AL 35660 0422 - Kappa Gamma University of North Alabama UNA Box 5345 Florence, AL 35632 0772 • Rho Chi University of Alabama RO. Box 5736 Huntsville,AL 35814 0076 - Gamma Kappa Miles College PO.Box3800»177 Birmingham, AL 35208 0114-Omicron Lambda RO. BOX 12872 Birmingham, AL 35202 0733 - Pi Delu Livingston University PO.Box 34 Livingston, AI. 35470 0321-Epsilon Nu Stillman College P.O. Box 14304198 Tuscaloosa, AL 35403 0209 - Delu Phi Lambda PO Box 020251 Tuscaloosa AL 35403 0420-Kappa Alpha University of Alabama PO. Box 867368 Tuscaloosa, AL 35486 0024 - Alpha Beta Talladega College P. 0. Box 1001 Talladega, AL 35160 0215-Epsilon Delu Lambda 125 East Gayley Street Piedmont AL 36272

0498 - Xi Xi Jacksonville State University RO. Box 1299 Jacksonville, AL 36265 0567 • Mu Psi Lambda PO, Box 55161 Biimingham.AL 35255 0 4 8 1 - N u Tail University of Montevallo Drawer X Montevallo, AL 35115 0063 - Beu Upsilon Alabama State University P.O. Box 28 Alabama State University Montgomery, AL 36195 0708 - Omicron Alpha Auburn University P.O. Box 244023 Montgomery, AL 36117 0141 - Alpha Upsdon Lambda PO. Box 6058 Montgomery, AL 36106 0638 - Pi Epsilon Lambda RO, Box 925 Auburn, AL 36830 0086 - Gamma Phi Tuskegee University RO.BoxM Alpha Phi Alpha Gamma Phi Chap Tuskegee Institute, AL 36087 0717 • Omicron Kappa Auburn University RO. Box 2843 Auburn, AL 36830 0 1 3 4 - Alpha Nu Lambda Tuskegee Institute AL PO. Box 1242 Tuskegee Institute. AL 36087 0379 • Theu Delu Uniwrsity of South Alabama P.O.BoxU-701 Mobile, AL 36688 0158 - Beu Omicron Lambda RO, Box 2383 Mobile, AL 36652 0487-Xi Beu Troy State University RO. Box 435 Troy, AL 36082 0280 - Theu Gamma Lambda P.O. Box 6893 Dothan, AL 36302 0204 - Delu Pi Lambda P.O. Box 2486 Selma, AI. 36701 301 - Florida District Brother Gary Johnson, Director 2503 Waldemar Lane Tallahassee, a 32304 0792 - Sigma Upsdon University of North Florida 4567 SL Johns Bluff Roads Jacksonville, FL 32224 0222 > Epsdon Mu Lambda P.O. Box 2325 Pensacola, FL 32513 0226 - Epsilon Pi Lambda 1822 S.W. 4th Street Ocala, FL 34474 0449 - Mu Theta University of West Florida 11000 University Parkway Pensacola, FL 32514 0574 - Nu EU Lambda RO. Box 178 Gainesville, a 32602 0655 - Pi Psi Lambda P.O. Box 768 Gretna, a 32332 0401 - lou Delu Florida Stale University U Box 67002 :, FL 32313 0177 - Gamma Mu Lambda P.O. Box 5474 Tallahassee, a 32314 0438 - Kappa Upsdon Edward Waters College 1658 Kings Road P.O.Box 672 Jacksonville, a 32209

0606 -Xi Sigma Lambda P.O. Box 16203 Panama City, a 32406 0119 -Upsilon Lambda RO, Box 40081 Jacksonville, a 32203 0 2 0 2 - Delu Xi Lambda RO. Box 555038 Orlando, a 32855 0284 - TheU Eu Lambda RO. Box 15024 St. Petersburg, a 33733 0613-Omicron Beu Lambda RO. Box 10595 Clearwater a 34617 0503 - l o u Boa Lambda RO. Box 1275 Cocoa, FL 32923 0611-XI Psi Lambda PO. Box 442 Bradenton, a 34206 0 0 9 0 - D e l u Beu Bethune-Cookman College P.O. Box 47 Daytona Beach, a 32115 0148 - Beu Delu Lambda PO. Box 9443

Daytona Beach, a 32120 0494-Xlloa University of Central Florida P.O. Box 168006 Orlando, a 32816 0551 - M u Z e u Lambda PO. Box 7538 Winter Haven, a 33883 0 7 6 4 - R h o luSt Leo College P.O. Box 2395 St Leo, a 33574 0172 - Gamma Zeta Lambda PO. Box 82102 Tampa, a 33612 0798 - Tau Gamma Embry-RiddJe Aeronautical University 600 S. ciyde Morris Blvd.

Daytona Beach, a 32114 0378 - Theu Gamma University of South Florida 4202 E. Fowler Avenue Ctr 2421 Tampa, a 33620 0234 - Z e u Alpha Lambda RO, Box 6072 Fort Lauderdale, a 33310 0605 -Xi Rho Lambda 14559 Draft Horse Lane Wellington, a 33414 0309-DeluPsi Florida Memorial College 15800 NW 42nd Avenue Miami, a 33054 0146 - Beu Beu Lambda PO. Box 510027 Miami, a 33151 0799 - Tau Delu Florida International University Miami, a 0 3 5 7 - E U Delu University of Miami P.O. Box 248106 Building 21-H Coral Gables, a 33124 0192 - Delu Delu Lambda P.O. Box 866 West Palm Beach, a 33402 0630 - Omicron Upsilon Lambda 4404 Glennagles Drive Boynton Beach, a 33436 0265 - EU Kappa Lambda RO. Box 1271 Fort Pierce, a 34954 0506 - l o u Epsilon Lambda P.O. Box NI0100 Nassau, Bahamas, 0 5 1 8 - l o u Sigma Lambda P.O. Box 25631 Christiansted St, Croix. VI 00824 0219 - Epsdon Theu Lambda RO.BoxHM2589 Hamilton Bermuda, HMKX

302 - Georgia District Brother Ronnie Jenkins, Director 1343 Victoria Fall Court SW Atlanta, GA 30311 0042 - Alpha Phi Clark Adanu University PO. Box 327 223 J.R Brawiey Adanu, GA 30314 0009-lou Morris Brown College 3465 Somerset Trail c/ojohn H. Carter Adanu, GA 30331 0038 - Alpha Rho Morehouse College P.O. Box 142030 830 Westview Drive SW Adanu, GA 30314 0107 - EU Lambda P.O. Box 92576 Atlanta. GA 30314 0631 - Omicron Phi Lambda P.O. Box 91393 Easl Point GA 30364 0622 • Omicron Mu Lambda RO. Box 672832 Marietta, GA 30006 0342 - Zeu Mu Georgia State University Box 1906 Sle 330 Student Cente Adanu, GA 30303 0636 - Pi Gamma Lambda P.O. Box 115386 Adanu, GA 30310 0474 - Nu Mu Georgia Institute of Technology 50223 Georgia Tech Station Adanu, GA 30332 0578 - Nu Mu Lambda RO. Box 370275 Decatur, GA 30037 0442 - Mu Alpha Emory University Drawer N Adanta, GA 30322 0642 - Pi l o u Lambda RO. Box 7153 Tlfton. CA 31793 0455 - Mu Omicron Valdosu State College RO. Box 7114 Valdosu, GA 31698 0092 - Delu Delu Albany Uniwrsity P.O.Box 31208 Albany, GA 31705 0180 • Gamma Omicron Lambda P.O. 60X4054 Albany, GA 31706 0445 - Mu Delu Georgia Southwestern College PO.Box 1196 Americus, GA 31709 0183 - Gamma Sigma Lambda RO. Box 145 Fort Valley, GA 31030 0072 - Gamma Zeu Fort Valley State Uniwrsity PO.Box 4326 Fort Valley, GA 31030 0377 - Theta Beu Columbus College PO.Box 6344 Columbus. GA 31907 0197 -Delia l o u Lambda P.O. Box 6344 Columbus, GA 31907 0289 - TheU Nu Lambda P.O. Box 1818 Lagrange, GA 30241 0444 • Mu Gamma Georgia College C. P.O. Box 2423 GC&SU Milledgeville.GA 31061 0640 - Pi EU Lambda RO. Box 1547 Dublin, G» 31021 0 4 0 4 - l o u EU Mercer University 1842 Winship Street Macon, GA 31204

0095 - Delu EU Savannah State University P.O. Box 20742 Savannah. GA 31404 0504 - l o u Gamma Lambda P.O. Box 2122 Brunswick, GA 31521 0 1 6 4 - B e u P h i Lambda PO, Box 1361 Savannah. GA 31402 0264 - Eu lou Lambda PO.Box 902 Athens, GA 30603 0346-ZetaPi University of Georgia RO. Box 2153 IJGA Station Athens, GA 30612 0 3 5 4 - E U Alpha Paine College Augusta, GA 30901 0143 Alpha Chi Lambda P.O. Box 14752 Augusta, GA 30919 304 • Missisppi District Brother John Walls, Jr., Director 107 Colonial Drive Wckshurg, MS 39180 0729 - Omicron Psi Delu Slate University PO.Box 1253 Cleveland, MS 38733 0224 - Epsilon Xi Lambda P.O. Box 1783 Clarksdale. MS 38614 0351-Zeta Phi Mississippi Valley State University P.O. Box 5476 14000 Hwy 82 West MaBewMS 38941 0421-KappaBeu Mississippi Sute University P.O. Box 1472 Mississippi Sute. MS 39762 0275 - Eu Phi Lambda P.O. Box 464 Columbus, MS 39702 0650 - PI Sigma Lambda RO, Box 1696 Oxford, MS 38655 0098 - Delu Kappa Alcorn State University P.O. Box 267 Lorman, MS 39096 0560 -Mu Pi Lambda RO. Box 733 Brookhaven. MS 39601 0658 - Rho Gamma Lambda PO.Box 3036 Greenwood. MS 38930 0627 - Omicron Rho Lambda PO.Box 82-1544 Vicksburg, MS 39182 0 3 0 7 - D e l u Phi Jackson Sute University P.O. Box 17177 Jackson. MS 39217 0085 - Gamma Upsdon Tougaloo College PO. Box 401 Tougaloo. MS 39174 0710 - Omicron Gamma Millsaps College PO.Box 150424 Jackson. MS 39210 0127-AlphaEpsdon Lambda P.O. Box 3216 Jackson. MS 39217 0454 - Mu Xi University of Southern Mississippi Southern Station Box 9378 Hattiesburg.MS 39406 0244 - Zeu Mu Lambda RO. Box 4254 Gulfport, MS 39502 0595 - Xi Zeu Lambda RO Box 283 Paslagoula. MS 39567 305 - North Carolina District Brother Raymond Peny, Director 3012 Buckingham Way Apex.NC 27702

0232 - Epsdon Chi Lambda University Station Campus Box 802 Elizabeth City, NC 27909 0050-Beta Zeu Elizabeth City State College P.O. Box 762 Elizabeth CityNC 27909 0228 - Epsdon Sigma Lambda RO. Box 1762 Rocky Mount NC 27802 0240 - Zeu Eta Lambda P.O. Box 1187 Greenville, NC 27835 0657 - Rho Beu Lambda PO.BOX 1692 Henderson. NC 27536 0227 - Epsdon Rho Lambda PO Box 1572 Fayettevtlle.NC 28302 0577 - Nu Kappa Lambda P.O. Box 2655 Lumberton, NC 28358 0176 - Gamma Kappa lambda P. O. Box 796 Wilmington, NC 28402 0291 - Theu Omicron Lambda PO.Box 824 Goldsboro, NC 27533 0576 - Nu l o u Lambda PO. Box 205 Kingston, NC 28502 0315-Epsilon Zaa Fayettevdle Sute University P.O. Box 14619 Fayettevdle, NC 28301 0654 - PI Chi Lambda P.O. Box 2023 Clinton. NC 28329 0060 - B e u Rho Shaw University P.O. Box 28721 Raleigh, NC 27611 0656 - Rho Alpha Lambda P.O. Box 243 Jacksonville, NC 28541 0088 - Gamma Psi Saint Augustine's College 1315 Oakwood Avenue Raleigh, NC 27610 0433 - Kappa Omicron Duke University PO.Box 99300 Durham, NC 27708 0120 - Phi Lambda P.O. BOX 28797 Raleigh. NC 27611 0152 -Beta Theu lambda PO.Box 3522 Durham, NC 27702 0447 • Mu Zeu University of North Carolina P.O. Box 1031 Chapel Hill. NC 27514 0777 • Sigma Delu Elon College Campus Box 5431 Elon College, NC 27244 0614 - Omicron Gamma Lambda P.O. Box 681 Winston-Salem, NC 27102 0 1 3 7 - Alpha PI Lambda P.O.Box 11316 Winston-Salem, NC 27116 0110 - Kappa Lambda PO. Box 21052 Greensboro. NC 27420 0^41 • Pi Nu .Appalachian Stale University PO.BOX 8984 -ASU BOONE, NC 28608 0053 - Beu Iota Winston - Salem Slate University P.O.Box 19332 Winston-Salem, NC 27110 0735-PI Zeu University of North Carolina Box 1311 Greensboro. NC 27412 0492 - XI EU Wake Foresi University PO.Box 7322 Reynolda Sution Winston-Salem, NC 27109

THE SPHINX™ SUMMER 1999

CHAPTER DIRECTORY 0*59 • Mu Tau I niuran ul North Carolina tot 9201 Unlverslt] W l Imuran Ciliiikd. ' Iwrlolk- V JSJJ-i 0156 - Beta Nu Lambda I'U l i f t 4l,2(.i)i

Charlulle. K 2 8 2 *

0198-Delta Kappa Lambda PO Box 384 Florence. SC 29503 1X189 - Delta Alpha Clailin College PO. Box 1682 Orangeburg, SC 29116 (1508 - lota Eta Lambda

0469 • Nu Zaa

PO. Box 452

West Carolina I niviran

Orangeburg. SC 29116 0 1 9 4 - Delta Zaa Lambda PO. Box 152 Orangeburg, SC 29116 1)362 - Eta lota

Ptl B M 7 M

Culliiwhn-. Ml IBM - Eta Mil Lambda Pllb.Al.1 Castouia. NC 28053 0188-GammaPsi Lambda PI) Bos 787 Aslicvillc. \i: 28802 0077 - Gamma Mu Livingstone College ^01 West Monroe Street Livingstone College Salisbury, M; 28144

0336 • Zeta. Epsilon B u t e Soottft CcdlegB Box 1099 Concord. NC 2HI2I 306 - South Carolina District Brother Willie Jefferson. Director Denmark. SC 29042 0I6<). Gamma Gamma Lambda PO. Box S2-H (>rmiMlk-, Si: 29606 W ' r - X i T l i e t a Lambda P.O. Bo* 5951 Spartanburg. SC 293th 0730 • Pi Alpha Clemson Umveisitv P.O. Box 7182 Qemson. SC 29632 l »'2n - (linicron lout Lambda P.O.Box 12522 Columbia, SC 29211 0069 - Gamma Gamma Mien University 1530 Harden Street Columbia, SC 29204 0144 • Alpha I'M Lambda P0. Box 2107 Columbia, SC 29202 0081-Gamma Pi PO. Box 851 Columbia. SC 29204 0269 - Eta Omicron Lambda PO. Box 223 Rock Hill, SC 29^31

058" - Tlieta \ u tnivL-rsit> of South Carolina P0. Box 85128 Columbia, SC 29225 0629 - Omicron Tau Lambda P.O. Box 2722 Aiken, SC 29802 0791-Sigma Tau Universityof South Carolina P.O. Box 2"22

Aiken, SC 29802 0 7 0 5 - S i Phi Wind]rapCollege P0. BOX 5022 Rock Hill, SC 29733

0440-Kappa Chi Francis Marion College P0. Box 384 Florence. SC 29503 0637 - Pi Delta Lambda PO.Drawr437

Georgetown, SC 29442 0621 - Omicron Kappa Lambda 100 W. College Street Sumter, SC 29150 0297 • Iheta Phi Lambda PO, Box 1522 Bennelrsville SC 29512 0 5 5 0 - MuEpsilon Lambda PO. Box 2903 Conway, SC 29528 0490-Xi Epsilon Morris College

100 W College Street Sumler.SC 29150

Voorhees College

P.O Box 448 Denmark, SC 29042 (XH8 - Beta Delta South Carolina State College P.O. Box 7454 Orangeburg,SC 29117 (115-1- Beta Kappa I jmbda PO Box 22096 Charleston, SC 29413 0609 - Xi Phi Lambda 138 Elker Drive S u m m e r * , SC 29483 0456 - Mu Pi Charleston Southern University 9200 University Blvd.

Charleston. SC 29423 0592 - Xi Gamma Lambda PO. Box 127 Beaufort X 29902 307 - Tennessee District Brother Gary Pettway, Director 1107 Broad Street Sweetwater, TN 37874 0126-Alpha Delta Lambda P.O. Box 1906 Memphis, TN 38101 0057-Beta Xi Lemoyne - Owen College P.O. Box 76 807 Walker Avenue Memphis. TN 38126 0470 • Nu Ela Christian Brothers College PO. Box 1906 Memphis, TN 38101 0059 - Baa Pi Lane College 545 Lane Avenue Jackson. TN 38301 0118-Tau Lambda P.O. Box 80646 Nashville, TN 37208 0432 -KappaXi Middle Tennessee Slate University 1301 E. Main SL P.O. Box 655 Murfreesboro, TN 37132 0628 - Omicron Sigma Lambda P 0. Box 2685 Murfreesboro.TN 37133 0058 - Baa Omicron Tennessee State University P.O. Box 1234 35O0JOHNAMERRITTBLVD. Nashville, TN 37209 0043-Alpha Chi Fisk University 706 Maple Place Nashville, TN 37216 0427-Kappa Thaa Vanderbilt University P.O. Box 7057 Station B Nashville. TN 37235 0021 -Chi Meharry Medical College 1005 D.B Todd Blvd.

P.O. Box 229 Nashville, TN 37208 0557 - Mu Nu Lambda P.O. Box 3463 Kingsport. TN 37664 0 4 5 0 - M u lota University of Tennessee P.O. Box 16491 KnoxvillcTN 37996 0 3 7 3 - E t a Phi University of Tennessee P0. Box 334 Chattanooga, TN 37401

85,b ANNIVERSARY EDITION

0122 -Psi Lambda PO, Box 334 Chattanooga, TN 37401 0133-Alpha Mu Lambda P.O. Box 2091 KnoxvillcTN 37901 0727 • Omicron Phi Tennessee Technological University PO. Box 5231 Cookeville,TN 38505 0775 - Sigma Beta East Tennessee State University PO. Box 12417 Johnson City, TN 37614

SOUTHWESTERN 401 - Arkansas Distria Brother Arthur McDade, III, Director 4320 W13lh Street littlerock.AR 72204 0559 - Mu Omicron Lambda P.O. Box 1764 Blytheville,AR 72316 0295 - Theta Tau Lambda 51 Lambert Drive West Helena AR 72390 0394 - Theta L'psilon Arkansas State University R0. Box 1366 Jonesboro.AR 72467 0 1 1 5 - P i Lambda 1500 Ringo Street Little Rock, AR 72202 0397 - Theta Psi University of Central Arkansas PO. Box 4349 U.CA Conway, AR 72035 0441 -Kappa Psi University of Arkansas 2801 South University Avenues Little Rock, AR 72204 0065 - Beta Chi Philander Smith College P.O. Box 901 812 W. 13th Street Utile Rock, AR 72202 0206 - Delta Sigma lambda PO. Box 6296 Pine Bluff. AR 71611 0385 - Theta Kappa Henderson State College HSU Box 6528 ArkadelphiaAR 71999 0428 - Kappa lota University of Southern Arkansas 815 W. Calhoun Magnolia AR 71753 0429 - Kappa Kappa University of Arkansas 1425 Markham Road FayettevillcAR 72701 0617 • Omicron Zaa Lambda P0. Box 1341 FayettevillcAR 72702 402 - Louisiana District Brother Richard Smith, Director 3510Medical Park.Sle#7 Monroe, LA 71203 0363 - Eta Kappa Louisiana Technical University PO Box 3129 T.S. Ruston, LA 71210 0259 - Eta Delta Lambda PO. Box 815

Monroe. LA 71210 0374 -Eta Chi Northeast Louisiana University P0. Box 5077 Monroe. LA 71212 0221 - Epsilon Kappa lambda PO. Box 808 Gambling. LA 71245 0304 - Delta Sigma Grumbling State University P.O Box 200 Crambllng, LA 71245 0756 • Rho Epsilon Loyola University 6363 St Charles Ave New Orleans, LA 70118

0 6 4 8 - P i Pi Lambda P.O. Box 1303 Slidell, LA 70459 0117-Sigma Lambda P0.B. 53262 New0rleans,LA 70127 0328 - Epsilon L'psilon Southern University - New Orleans ROB. 8101 New Orleans. LA 70126 OO61 • Beta Phi Dillard University 2601 G e n * Blvd New Orleans. LA 70122 0062-Beta Tau Xavier University 7325 Palmetto, P.O.B. 29-A New Orleans, LA 70118 0430 - Kappa Mu Nicholls State University P.O. Box 2212 Thibodeaux, LA 70310 0633 - Omicron Psi Lambda PO. Box 855 Morgan City, LA 70381 0568 - Nu Alpha Lambda P.O. Box 1604 Harvey, LA 70058 0061 -Beta Sigma Southern University P.O. Box 9925 Southern University Baton Rouge. LA 70813 0431-Kappa Nu Southeastern Louisiana University P.O. Box 3917 Hammond, LA 70401 0601 - Xi Nu Lambda P.O. Box 80052 Baton Rouge, LA 70898 0153-Beta Iota Lambda PO. Box 74391 Baton Rouge, LA 70874 0485 - Nu Psi Louisiana State University P.O. Box 21902 Baton Rouge, LA 70893 0 5 1 4 - lota Xi Lambda 221 K Boagmi Drive, C-3 Opleousas. LA 70570 0575 - Nu Theta Lambda P.O. Box 311 StMaitinville.LA70582 0344-ZetaXi University of Southwest Louisiana P.O. Box 4-1889 Lafayette. LA 70504 0258 - Eta Gamma lambda PO. Box 5224 Lafayette LA 70502 0584 - Nu Sigma Lambda P.O. Box 813 Natchitoches, LA 71458 0233 • Epsilon Psi Lambda 2334 Third Shea Alexandria, LA 71302 0 3 9 6 - T h a a Chi Northwest State University RO.B. 5232 Natchitoches. LA 71497 0 3 8 3 - Thaa Theta McNeese Stale University P.O. Box 92849 Lake Charles, LA 70609 0255 - Zeta Psi lambda P.O. Box 1102 Lake Charles, LA 70609 0208 - Delta L'psilon Lambda P.O. Box 38132 SherveportlA 71133 403 - Oklahoma Distria Brother Percel Kirk, Director 9128 Nawassa Drive Midwest City, OK 73130 0151 -Beta Ela Lambda P.O. Box 11105 Oklahoma City. OK 73136 0236 - Zen Gamma Lambda P.O. Box 180 Langston, OK 73050

0337 - Zaa zaa University' of Oklahoma P.O. Box 2863 Norman. OK 73072

0054 - Beta Kappa Langston University P.O. Box 58 Langston. OK 73050 0719 - Omicron Nu University of Tulsa 600S. College Avenue Tulsa OK 74107 0140-Alpha Tau Lambda P.O. Box 6311 Tulsa OK 74148 0314-Epsilon Epsilon Oklahoma State University 050 Student Union OSU Stillwater. OK 74078 0149 - Beta Epsdon Lambda P.O. Box 247 Boley.OK 0 1 6 5 - B a a Chi Lambda P.O. Box 426 Muskogee, OK 74402 0 2 6 8 - Eta Xi Lambda P.O. Box 6752 Lawlon, OK 73506 404 - Texas Distria Brother Tophas Anderson, 111, Director 14811 Tumbling Falls Court Houston, TX 77062 0607 - Xi Tau Lambda P0. Box 214362 Dallas,TX 75221 0349-Zeta Tau East Texas Slate University P.O Box 4403 E T Station

Commerce, TX 75429 0139-Alpha Sigma Lambda PO. Box 150303 Dallas.TX 75215 0162 -Beta Tau Lambda P.O. Box 3142 Foil Worm,™ 76101 0632 • Omicron Chi Lambda PO. Box 388 Wichita Falls,™ 76307 0778 - Sigma Epsilon Tarleton State University Po Box T 3221 Stephenvule,™ 76401 0762 - Rho Mu Midwestern State University 3440 Taft Blvd.

PO. Box 12787 Wichita Falls. ™ 76308 0375-EtaPsi Texas Christian University PO. Box 3142 Fort Worth,™ 76101 0582 - Nu Pi Lambda P.O. Box 654 Arlington, ™ 76006 0561 - Mu Rho Lambda P.O. Box 7275 Longview.™ 75607 0212 - Epsdon Alpha Lambda 524 S. Fenlon Tyler.™ 75702 0376 - Theta .Alpha Jarvis Christian College PO. Box 138 Hawkins,™ 75765 0796-Tau Alpha Baylor University PO. Box 85533 Waco,TO76798 0591 - XI Beta Lambda 3410 Shady Hill Circle Temple,™ 76501 0540 • Kappa Sigma Lambda PO. Box 397 Killeen.™ 76541 0216 - Epsilon Epsilon Lambda PO. Box 1405 Waco,™ 76703 0004-Delta Huston - Tillotson College c/o Huston - Tillotson College 900ChiconSt Austin,™ 78702 0653 • Pi Phi Lambda 8902 Mt BartKtt Austin, ™ 78759

0318 - Epsilon Iota University of Texas 1503 Ridgehaven Austin,™ 78723 0205 - Delta Rho Lambda 1104 Iowa Street San Antonio,™ 78203 0 1 8 1 - Gamma Pi Lambda PO. Box 3205 Galveston,™ 77552 0599 - Xi Kappa Lambda P.O. Box 1522 Missouri City,™ 77489 OO96 - Delta Thaa Texas Southern University 3100 Cleburne Avenue Houston.™ 70004 0129 - Alpha Eta Lambda 1519 Ruth Street Houston,™ 77004 0364-Eta Mu University of Houston 4800 Calhoun CA Box 121 Houston. W 77204 0634 - Pi Alpha Lambda P.O. Box 11221 College Station.™ 77842 0229 • Epsilon Tau Lambda P.O. Box 2497 Prairie View,™ 77446 0356 -Eta Gamma Prairie View ASM University P0.B. 2255 Prairie View,™ 77446 0 7 4 3 - P I Omicron Texas A&M University PO. Box 4061 College Station, TX 77840 0231 - Epsilon Phi Lambda P.O. Box 461 Port Arthur,™ 77640 0184 - Gamma Tau Lambda PO. Box 6241 Beaumont™ 77705 0325 • Epsilon Rho Lamar University PO. Box 10729 Beaumont™ 77710 0281 - Theta Delta Lambda PO. Box 6252 El Paso, ™ 79906 0287 - Thaa Kappa Lambda P0. Box 9703 Detroit Lubbock,™ 79423 0372 -Eta l'psilon Texas Technical University MS Box 2031-88 Lubbock,™ 79406 0274 - Ela l'psilon Lambda P.O. Box 1322 Odeasa™ 79760 0773 - Rho Psi Texas A S M University MSC133- C/OVlnceSolis KingsviUe,™ 78563 0616 • Omicron Epsdon Lambda P.O. Box 6OO3O Corpus Chrisri, TX 78466

WESTERN 501 - Southern California Distria Brother John Williams, Director 4238 Hillcrest Drive Los Angeles, CA 90008 0026 - Alpha Delia University of Southern California 3175 South Hoover St Sic 403 Los Angeles, CA 90007 0649 - Pi Rho Lambda PO. Box 652 Hollywood,CA 90078 0739 • Pi Kappa California Slate University 1958 Matador Way Box (007 NonhridgcCA 91330 0462-MuChl Long Beach State University P.O. Box 92902 Long Beach. CA 90804

0270 - Eta Pi Lambda PO. Box 93169 Pasadena CA 91109 0166 - Baa PS Lambda P.O. Box 514892 Los Angeles, CA 90051 0079 -Gamma XI University of California 100 UCLA Med Plaza Suite 150 P.O. BOX 36 Los Angeles. CA 90024 0585 - Nu Tau Lambda P.O. Box 8486 Anaheim, CA 92816 0419 - Iota Psi California Polytechnic Institute Office of Student life 3560 Temple Avenue Stc G-312 Pomona CA 91768 1)458 - Mu Xi Lambda PO. Box 1263 Riallo, CA 92377 0598 - Xi Iota Lambda PO. Box 3061 Camarillo.CA 93011 0 4 5 1 - M u Kappa University of Caltfomia CAC Boxl46 University of California Santa Barbara, CA 93106 0530 - Kappa Eta Lambda PO. Box 2114 BakersfeliCA 93303 0370-Ela Sigma San Diego State University PO. Box 151441 San Diego, CA 92175 0250 - Zaa Sigma Lambda P.O. Box 50026 San Diego, CA 92105 0547 - Mu Baa Lambda PO. Box 267 Pearl City. HI 96782 0565 - Mu Phi Lambda PSC 450, BOX 703 Apo.AP 96206 502 • Northern California Distria Brother Ryan Williams, Director 2751 Park Street Berkeley, CA 94702 0186 - Gamma Phi Lambda PO. Box 4770 Eastmont Station Oakland, CA 94605 0619 - Omicron Theta Lambda PO. Box 5796 Oakland, CA 94605 0027 - Alpha Epsdon University of California 102 Sprou! Hall Berkeley, CA 94720 0187 - Gamma Chi Lambda P.O. Box 883154 San Francisco, CA 94188 0272 • Eta Sigma Lambda PO. Box 51713 San Jose, CA 95151 0320 - Epsdon Mu San Jose State College 322 E. San Salvador Street San Jose CA 95112 0524 - Kappa Alpha Lambda PO. Box 1128 Seaside, CA 93955 0 5 6 9 - N u Baa lambda PO. Box 6955 Stockton, CA 95206 0734 • PI Epsdon University of Caldornia Bell Memorial Union Chico. CA 95929 0732 - PI Gamma California State University P.O. Box 19181 Sacramento, CA 95819 0537 • Kappa Omicron Lambda PO. Box 4064 Vallejo.CA 94590 0235-Zeta Baa lambda P.O. Box 22261 Sacramento, CA 95822

0382 - Theta Eta University of California 1623 Fifth Street/Suite A Davis, CA 95616 503 - Rocky Mountain Distria Brother Ron Celestinc Director 18851 E. Dorado Place Aurora, CO 80015 0725 - Omicron Tau Colorado State University 1220 E. Stuart Apt «52 Fort Collins. CO 80525 0646 - Pi Xi Lambda P.O. Box 6231 Clearfield, UT 84015 0515 - lota Omicron Lambda PO Box 15083 Colorado Springs. CO 80935 0211-Delta Psi Lambda PO. Box 200296 Denver, CO 80220 504 - Arizon/Nevada

/New Mexico Distria Brother Steven Freeman, Director 7422 E. 38th Street Tucson, AZ 85730 0277 • Eta Psi Lambda P.O. Box 26791 Tucson, AZ 85726 0292 Theta PI Lambda PO. Box 93716 Las Vegas, NV 89193 0795 - Sigma Psi University of Las Vegas - Nevada Moyer Student Union PO. Box 452008 Las Vegas, NV 89154 0339 • Zaa Theta University of Arizona P.O. Box 26791 Tucson, AZ 85726 0448-MuEta Arizona State University Memorial Union Box 141 ASU Development 5001 Tempe.AZ 85287 0523 • Iota Psi Lambda P.O. Box 5435 Alburqueroue, NM 87185 0639 - PI Zeta Lambda P.O.Box 15066 Las CrucftNM 88001 506 - Great Northwest Distria Brother Charlie Walker, Director 4733 West Bertona Seattle, WA 98199 0248 - Zeta Pi Lambda PO. Box 21125 Seattle. WA 98111 0512 -lotaMu lambda PO. Box 12171 Fern Hill Station Tacoma. WA 98412 0415-lotaTau Washington State University P.O. Box 3196 Pullman, WA 99163 0573 - Nu Zeta Lambda P.O. Box 140343 Anchorage, AK 99514 0217 • Epsdon Zeta Lambda PO. BOX 6312 Portland, OR 97228

^ TH ANN IV E R S ARY

MBR: Delivering The Magtc Of Supplier Diversity.

PURCHASING CATEGORIES

Quality is never an accident. It is always the result of high intentions, sincere efforts, intelligent direction, and skillful execution.

CONSTRUCTION

As the destination of choice for millions of Guests from around the world, the WALT DISNEY B ' WORLD® Resort draws from the creativity and entrepreneurial spirit of hundreds of minorityand women-owned businesses (MWBEs) in creating memories our Guests will treasure.

Our Minority Business Relations (MBR) office is responsible for establishing processes to support the growth, development, expansion and increased utilization of MWBEs, and maintaining positive relationships with business and community leaders. MBR works in collaboration with Purchasing, Contract Services, Walt Disney lmagineering, Attractions Merchandise and many other internal and external partners to match MWBEs to our ever-expanding supplier needs.

MWBE firms wishing to be considered for our MBR program, should first determine from our list of Purchasing Categories, if their products or services are among those we typically purchase. Then submit a written request to the MBR office for a Supplier Capabilities Package. These materials will fully explain our user-friendly evaluation process.

MBR supports MWBEs in many ways, including: coaching and feedback, arranging mentoring relationships, providin; information about bonding and funding sources, timely payments, and special recognition for firms that meet and exceed our needs. We invite you to become part of the magic of making dreams come true.

^JU*

• Site Work • Concrete • Masonry • Metals • Finishes • Specialties • Mechanical • Electrical • Equipment • Furnishings • Wood & Plastic • Doors & Windows • Conveying Systems • Building Automation • Special Construction • Thermal & Moisture Protection •Other

COMMODITIES • Maintenance & Repair Plumbing, electrical hardware, fasteners, paint, lubricants, vehicle parts, custodial supplies, building materials and pumps • Entertainment & Show Scenic sets, electronics, horticulture, audio visual, props, wood, steel, fiberglass, and performance equipment • Interiors Carpeting, draperies, furniture, lighting and wall coverings Capital Vehicles, buses, boats, and computer equipment and supplies Marketing & Design Brochures, matches, printed room amenities, graphic art supplies, and blueprint services

PROFESSIONAL SERVICES • • • •

Photographic Services Transportation Services Security Services Temporary Employment Services

The Walt Disney Company and its affiliated companies and subsidiaries are equal opportunity employers. APAF99. ©Disney

4

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POSTMASTER SEND ADDRESS CHANGES TO:

THE SPHINX1"

ALPHA PHI ALPHA FRATERNITY, INC.速 2313 ST. PAUL STREET BALTIMORE, MD 21218-5234