New Normal

PP

< Post-Professional @ Penn Design >

new normal Post-Professional @ Penn Design_2010 _2010 - 2011

@

University of Pennsylvania Winka Dubbeldam_Director Roland Snooks Ferda Kolatan University of Puerto Rico Francisco Javier Rodríguez_Dean Anna Georas San Juan Partners Federico Sanchez of Interlink La Fondita De Jesus Book Design Jeff Davis Dane Zeiler

PD Santurce_San Juan, Puerto Rico

18 26’27”N

ArthurAzoulai MelodyRees JeffDavis DaneZeiler TerryDriggs JiaeLee YuanZhu CongYan JacquelynSantaLucia StevenSong YoheiYamada KaicongWu XiaotianHuang TseHongCheng HangXu YiranWang WendaXiao ChengboWeng TylerWallace DiegoTaccioli SizheChen AngelaF.NunezMatos YitianZhao PreethiPathireddy QinZhang ErweiYi KinWeiLeung JosefMusil ChenghanYang SooJinPark KonstantinaManousaridou YifanWu WenXu BoRinJung IkjeCheon AnnieMichaelides DarrenTaylor JainqiuOuyang “These self-organized patterns in time and space which define world-economies were first discovered in analytical studies of historical data. The next step is to use synthetic techniques and create the conditions under which they can emerge in our models. In fact, bottom-up computer simulations of urban economics where spatial and temporal patterns spontaneously emerge already exist. For example, Peter Allen has created simulations of nonlinear urban dynamics as meshworks of interdependent economic functions. Unlike earlier mathematical models of the distribution of urban centers, which assumed perfect rationality on the part of economic agents, and where spatial patterns resulted from the optimal use of some resource such as transportation, here patterns emerge from a dynamic of conflict and cooperation. As the flows of goods, services and people in and out of these cities change, some urban centers grow while others decay. Stable patterns of coexisting centers arise as bifurcations occur in the growing city networks taking them from attractor to attractor.”

MARKETS AND ANTIMARKETS IN THE WORLD ECONOMY

by Manuel De Landa

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The New Normal 6-7 8-9 10-11 12-13 14-15 16-17 18-19 20-21

Federico Sanchez of Interlink Winka Dubbeldam, Director_The New Normal Roland Snooks_ Non-Linear Hierarchies Ferd Kolatan_Crossing Scales Anna Georas_An Apodictic Piece on Small Parts David Gouverneur_Can Scripting be more responsive to place and culture?

Ingeborg M. Rocker_Urban Encounters: Design informing future living scenarios?

Matthias Hollwich & Matthew Hoffman_Boooooom

24-25 26-33 34-39 40-45 46-53 54-59 60-65 66-71 72-75 76-83 84-89 90-95 96-101 102-103 104-109 110-117 118-125 126-131 132-137 138-143 144-151 152-159

Existing Master Plan_ Francisco Javier Rodríguez Suárez San Juan Master Plans Systemic Compulsion_Studio Master Plan Urban Cocoons_Bo Rin Jung + Ikje Cheon Web Morphogenesis_Chenghan Yang + Josef Musil Praxis of Flow_Arthur Azoulai + Melody Rees New Abstract_Xiaotian Huang + Tse Hong Cheng Drift_Jacquelyn Santa Lucia + Steven Song Crystal Transformation_Soo Jin Park Aperture Utopia_Yifan Wu + Wen Xu Connective Tissue_Preethi Pathireddy + Qin Zhang Turbulence_Hang Xu + Yiran Wang Argument: Museum Plus_Yuan Zhu + Cong Yan Seifert Surface Project_Konstantina Manousaridou Interstitial Residential_Annie Michaelides + Darren Taylor + Jainqiu Ouyang Graft Tower_Tyler Wallace + Diego Taccioli + Sizhe Chen IRT Sector_Terry Driggs + Jiae Lee 24/7 Terminal_Angela F. Nunez Matos + Yitian Zhao Floating Rehabilitation_Chengbo Weng + Wenda Xiao Negative Procedure_Yamada + Kaicong Wu Waterfront Revitalization_Erwei Yi + Kin Wei Leung Bazaar Proliferation_Jeff Davis + Dane Zeiler

160-161 162-165 166-169 170-171 172-173

MET Competition_A Rooftop Pavilion Articulate Surface_Digital Workshop San Juan Trip Bios Acknowledgments

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Federico Sanchez

Misión: “Hacer comunidad con las personas sin hogar, trabajando juntos para transformar las realidades que provocan nuestra condición de vida”.

Visión: “Que toda persona en Puerto Rico tenga un hogar y logre su integración a la comunidad”.

of Interlink

July 19, 2010 Professor Winka Dubbeldam Post Graduate Architecture Program University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Dear Professor Dubbeldam: Corporación La Fondita de Jesús is a non-profit organization that has been serving the homeless population of Santurce, a barrio of San Juan, for 25 years. As part of our 25th anniversary we are interested in developing a program that can impact the community where we are located. To that extend, we would like to invite you and your Post Graduate Architecture Program students to make a study for the area.

We hereby invite you to visit us in August of 2010 and to tour the area and visit our facilities.

We hope to hear from you.

Kind regards,

Direcciones y Teléfonos Puerta de de Jesús 704 Calle Monserrate Parada 16½ Santurce, PR 00910 (787) 724-4051 (787) 722-0992 Fax Pueblito de Jesús Calle Monserrate 1050 Esq. Puerto Arturo Santurce, PR 00910 (787) 721-5405 (787) 722-2173 Fax Dirección Postal: P. O. Box 19384 San Juan, PR 00910-1384 Página Web: www.lafonditadejesus.org Correo Electrónico: cartas@lafonditadejesus.org

Socorro Rivera Rosa Executive Director

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ArthurAzoulai MelodyRees JeffDavis DaneZeiler TerryDriggs JiaeLee YuanZhu CongYan JacquelynSantaLucia StevenSong YoheiYamada KaicongWu XiaotianHuang TseHongCheng HangXu YiranWang WendaXiao ChengboWeng TylerWallace DiegoTaccioli SizheChen AngelaNunezMatos YitianZhao PreethiPathireddy QinZhang ErweiYi KinWeiLeung JosefMusil ChenghanYang SooJinPark KonstantinaManousaridou YifanWu WenXu BoRinJung IkjeCheon AnnieMichaelides DarrenTaylor JainqiuOuyang Winka Dubbeldam, Director Roland Snooks with Todd Costain

Ferda Kolatan

The New Normal THE NEW NORMAL

As the PPD at Penndesign partners with a ‘real-world’ partner every year, this year the Post-Graduate Architecture studio was invited by the Dean of UPR, Francisco Javier Rodriguez, to cooperate on a redevelopment project for Federico Sanchez of Interlink, a developer in Puerto Rico. The goal is to study, analyze, and help re-invigorate the area of the Monserrate Avenue in district of Santurce, close to the old city center of San Juan.

The Santurce district is extremely differentiated; it has two extreme ends, as it literally transitions from a luxurious waterfront to a quite poor neighborhood at the other end. The challenge for the studio will be to develop a new attractor/generator in this neighborhood, which will create a more interesting model for the future development of Santurce. This year’s project looks to invent a new architecture where social engineering and new production methods meet. The rethinking of the possibilities afforded by these two important objectives, and development of designs for how they may converge as a new settlement, will be the main objective of the studio. We believe that the implications of this experimental research will be broad and international in scope. We are not looking for small retrofits of old models. We are looking for innovation and alternative futures.

Winka

DESIGN COMPETITION FOR NEW URBAN STRATEGY Nine groups of students competed for the new urban strategy for Santurce, and after a jury deliberation, one of the Strategies designed by Jeff Davis, Dane Zeiler, Wen Xu, and Yifan Wu won. Developed in a complex, bottom-up system used as the basis for the urban design, the urban plan will form a new urban system for the whole avenue and the adjacent city blocks. Nonlinear principles will replace the static grid; this new

dynamic system will have a higher capacity to respond to changing local and global conditions. The winning scheme will be implemented as the scheme in which then each group of students will get a plot to develop.

COMPLEX ORDER / NEIGHBORHOODS The emergence of complexity theory over the last four decades has radically altered our understanding of formation. The conceptualization of form has shifted from the macro scale to a concern for the operation of the complex systems that underlie formation. The studio will explore non-linear design methodologies that give rise to emergent order through complex, bottomup, systems. These systems encode design intent at the micro scale and through a series of local interactions; coherent order emerges at the macro level. These design strategies shift intent from operating directly on the object to operating through the abstraction of a complex system, where control operates through orchestration rather than invention. The non-linear operation of these systems enable seemingly competing design decisions to interact and negotiate in the process of formation, rather than considering design decisions to be sequential and hierarchical.

The most significant technical innovations of the era, from the skyscraper to moving pictures and the automobile, were made possible by inventions – electric motors (lifts), incandescent lamp, internal combustion engine, etc. – which themselves depend on more fundamental breakthroughs in the harnessing and exploitation of energy, most notably of the electromagnetic spectrum.

Wireless telegraphy and later wireless home radio set, the electrification of private homes, streets and public spaces, the proliferation of telephones and automobiles together gave a new fluidity, and a new consistency, to everyday space.

”From “The New Plasticity,” by Sanford Kwinter

< Studio Dubbeldam_director>

ZOOMING IN: SMART PARTS

FINAL IMPLEMENTATION // THE NEW NORMAL

Architecture is made of parts. From construction components to building systems, all architecture relies on the careful design, assembly, and coordination of individual pieces into one coherent whole. While this basic principle has changed little over the last few millennia, the nature of what parts are and what they can do underwent some fundamental transformation. Among the more radical changes we see, falls the capacity of parts to act responsively. Rather than being purely mechanistic pieces with clearly defined and constraint roles, contemporary part performance is more akin to cells. They can be programmed to multiply, change properties and configuration, and adapt to both internal as well as external forces and stimuli. This has significant ramifications on how we think about building design from the conceptual phases all the way to fabrication and assembly.

The studio will analyze, map and develop different versions of the â&#x20AC;&#x153;smart parts,â&#x20AC;? which finally will result in an assembly of building components in a neighborhood.

Not a traditional neighborhood, they form attractors, at once reinforcing and accelerating the effect of all areas into a new urban zone. The smart unit provides a new alternative to conventional urban housing as well as suburban neighborhoods, as it questions, generates and projects new futures. Here high-density urban housing might result in a new scale or typology; it integrates a multiplicity of urban programs an thus finds itself between a large building and a small neighborhood. The study of smart parts researched both through data analysis and digital experimentation will not only change the way architecture is designed, manufactured, and assembled, but will essentially allow for an innovative approach for how architecture could develop in the near future.

Advanced software techniques and dynamic modeling tools allow for intricately linked component systems that not only perform but also behave in specific ways.

The designer has the unprecedented opportunity to set up relational models that evolve over time through feedback, adaptation, and intervention. A single model can thus generate an endless number of variations through slight parametric changes in the systemâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s constituency without having to be altered in its core principals. These variations can then be tested against programmatic, environmental, structural, scalar and organizational pressures and be utilized accordingly. The ability to control the component features via the overall system, clusters of units or the individual itself, assures a range of adaptive modes and design expressions. The studios will experiment with a number of these techniques and develop their own approach to questions pertaining whole-to-part relationships. The feedback between the urban design and neighborhood components will optimize the impact of the new zone as a generator for Santurce.

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Roland Snooks with Casey Rehm

Ferda Kolatan

Non-Linear Hiearchies A pursuit of simplicity within complexity is strongly conveyed. In one simple line, a variety of underlying meanings and strategies can be derived. Not only have we generated a dynamic urban fabric, we have also rigorously asked ourselves the concept of translating every single line as more than just a connection.

The system attempts to embody duality, directionality, transitional and ephemeral qualities of membranes and plateaus, created by a complex three dimensional networking of connections that are taken from interior and exterior site access points.

Within the network, a pattern of cocooning was discovered which enabled us to form multiple layers of plateaus that grow effortlessly out from the membranes.

This intricate layout of the plateaus not only allows gradual transitions in-between, but also an organic form of negative volumes to be deduced. The building becomes more dynamic and appealing during the moments where positive and negative volumes clash and weave programs and spaces together. This approach is carried out in a variety of scales and locations. It attempts to question the conventional planning of a residential-commercial complex in which two entities are treated completely separate; if no physical connections, at least visual connections will be accomplished.

Roland

As plateaus themselves emerge from enclosed membranes, they carry a range of potentials to become multiple functional elements which correspond to architectural and operational qualities, including transparency, translucency, solidity, and connectivity.

The cocoon-like feature challenges the current notion of housing by emphasizing the idea of both individuality and community, arguing against the current matchbox apartments where the sense of community is completely lost. Through these membranes, separate territories are structurally unified, but still spatially divided.

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ArthurAzoulai MelodyRees JeffDavis DaneZeiler TerryDriggs JiaeLee YuanZhu CongYan JacquelynSantaLucia StevenSong YoheiYamada KaicongWu XiaotianHuang TseHongCheng HangXu YiranWang WendaXiao ChengboWeng TylerWallace DiegoTaccioli SizheChen AngelaF.NunezMatos YitianZhao PreethiPathireddy QinZhang ErweiYi KinWeiLeung JosefMusil ChenghanYang SooJinPark KonstantinaManousaridou YifanWu WenXu BoRinJung IkjeCheon AnnieMichaelides DarrenTaylor JainqiuOuyang Winka Dubbeldam

Roland Snooks

Crossing Scales It is commonly accepted that the means of building design are fundamentally different than the ones for urban design or planning. The latter requires dealing with a set of logistical data, reaching from infrastructure to demographics all the way to landmark and zoning laws, while the former concerns itself with the “internal” problems of architecture such as program, structures, building systems, and building design. This clear division of roles usually leads to the architect filling in the holes within a new master plan or any other already existing ordering matrix.

The focus of this studio section was to challenge this divide and develop strategies that could range in scale and applicability without having to conform to static ordering principles such as the grid. The size of the projects was roughly measuring a couple of “building blocks” and was therefore well suited to blur the boundaries between urban scale, infrastructure, and architecture. The approach was guided by a dynamic and parametric modeling technique, which allowed for nonlinear and non-standard processes to form and inform the design rather than relying on existing templates stressing demarcation over integration.

Ferda

The resulting projects thus display a transformative quality, which seeks out affinities throughout different scales and performance criteria rather than accepting hard boundaries and material limitations. The dynamic modeling process allows for local refinements within a larger system while still adhering to its core principles and qualities. Differentiation is achieved through an intensification of the parameters and immediately tested within the constraints of the larger scale components such as road networks and building masses. The emerging character of the designs is one of coherence without uniformity and of structures that transition seamlessly in scale and function without losing specifity.

An inherent question being raised here touches on the deeply rooted architectural desire to conceive of

Ferda Kolatan

with Hart Marlow

a system, which can target a differing range of design problems while simultaneously developing a strong cultural identity through its design language. Well known “Utopias” of the past, particularly modern ones, have often sacrificed individuality for the sake of a grand vision, which led to a totalizing architectural experience. The projects in this studio aim to overcome this dilemma through means of adaptive customization, material refinement, and cross-scalar variation. These contemporary techniques provide us with unprecedented opportunities to re-investigate this important question and formulate novel concepts to address it.

< Studio Kolatan >

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An Apodictic Piece on Small Parts

by Anna Georas

The enticing images of the Penn review inescapably reveal the potential of bottom-up smart-part strategies in these young complexity-laden systems. Penn’s sleek organic proposals have an unequivocal lure. Smart images promise a fierce revving-up of the citified feel of a customary street, square, park or lane. The entire review is an Olympian urban flirt, a visual treat, and a daring exposé of the urban powers of generative systems.

Sifting the review’s imagery, inevitable questions spew beneath the olive tree of design dialogues.

Can generative systems bridge the next stage?

Can “smart-parts” become true pieces? Can these parts reach beyond tart visual imagery ominous in the very term - smart - that so easily distract designers addicted to optical illusions? Can the alternative true piece dig deeper and verify the intrinsic nature of what we have learned makes really good, exciting, rich, and effective cities? Can an apodictic approach engender a paradigm shift from within the visual towards the factual? Can a layer of fundamental veracity be added to Penn’s proposals?

Why not enhance the palette of graphic texts by inserting proven relationships, adjacencies, and transparencies between public and private, work and play, commercial and residential, large and small, and a myriad of other alluring combinations that have carried the weight, revealed effectiveness, and survived the rocky history of urbanity; true pieces in the bottom-up system?

The crux of the design games played out at the Penn review is that they leave you wanting more and more and more. The young “Philadelphian” academes pry at Pandora’s dusty box leaving crevices just wide enough to let hope seep through its weathered surface. Inlaid in the grain of their visual insanity there is Faith that maybe, someday, we will grab hold of our cities and have the generative capacity to improve vast corroded realms

and in an “e.city” way make our presence unfelt on the planet.

Hope lies in the multiple interpolations of Penn’s proposals not only to manage the macro-tonics of citybuilding but also the micro-shards that actually become the city itself. A catalogue, if you will, of smartparts, of manufactured goods, i.e., city shards, over the counter real size Lego’s, well made, exquisitely precise and efficient, easy to assemble; as good, light-weight, efficient and clean as were our defunct electric cars.

Then what? Then, maybe, we save the planet; since word has it 60% of the globe’s destruction is due to construction-related activities. Imagine a maintenancefree city, machine-shopped connections, no leaks, and few sweeps. Bring down the square footage per person, keep the range of choices sufficiently diverse to attend to the dire needs of individuality, and make cities intrinsically informed by centuries of urban trials and tribulations. Then we are generating intelligence with a complexity beyond any given graphic text, of multiple concerns graphed, and re-graphed, and again re-graphed in tandem with shifting patterns of coexistences and existences. And voilà the veracity of a generative generation is proved!

Anna Georas is the coordinator of the Graduate Program of the School of Architecture, University of Puerto Rico

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Can scripting be more responsive to place and culture? by David Gouverneur

Can scripting be more responsive to place and culture?

Architecture schools around the planet are exploring the spatial, aesthetic, and representation qualities of scriptive generated design. The Department of Architecture at Upenn is perhaps one of the centers of more intense research and experimentation in this field. The formal possibilities derived from scripting design seem limitless and captivating. This can be explained due to the creative nature of the field and the inherent desire to move beyond from conventional conceptual, morphological, and graphic solutions, particularly in the beginning of the millennia marked by unprecedented advancements in computer media. The explorations are able to produce powerful imagery with striking geometries, fluidity, openness, continuity of forms, and fractality.

There is a certain similarity between the spirit behind scripting-oriented research and the interest that motivated designers at the birth of the Modern Movement: a generation intrigued by the morphologies and esthetics associated to new technologies, of a universal nature, but not particularly concerned about the singularities of place and culture.

The Modern Movement however, proclaimed at its roots a very clear set of social and functional goals. These goals intended to improve living conditions of rapidly growing, congested, and dysfunctional cities of the industrializing societies. They also aimed to cope with the demographic explosion of the developing world. The urban outcome of the Modern Movement, although well intentioned, was far from successful, and cities throughout the planet still are negatively impacted by its principals.

The question is to what extent scriptive design can take advantage of cutting-edge technology and striking formal explorations, while addressing pressing environmental and social demands, and site specific conditions.

The Santurce/Puerto Rico Studio.

In mid December 2010, I was part of the final jury of the post-professional Santurce/San Juan, Puerto Rico Studio, conducted by Professors Winka Dubbeldam Roland Snooks and Ferda Kolatan. The students delivered outstanding work in response to the objectives of the course, conceptually, morphologically, and also from a representational point of view. They were able to convey their ideas captivating the audience and engaging in high level academic discussions.

The studio began by envisioning alternative urban frameworks for the entire site, developed by different teams. One of the frameworks was selected collectively to be adopted by the entire group. Sub-areas of this urban armature were then developed as architectural proposals by smaller teams. A striking model was produced as part of the final review providing a vision on how the different architectural components were held together by the urban framework.

As a result of the exchange of ideas during the final review, and giving it some thought over the Christmas break, I tried to speculate how the results could have been more responsive to the siteâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s particular cultural landscape, and in general how scripting-generated design could be more responsive to local conditions. Perhaps the following considerations may have helped to make the projects more site-specific: A Deeper Understanding of the Contextual Nuances of the Country and the Site Puerto Rico, once a tropical paradise, is now an environmentally stressed island due to the introduction of the Modern Movement urban patterns adopted in the second half of the twentieth Century. These ideas translated here into a massive use of very low density and uniformed auburban developments, highly dependent on private vehicular mobility.

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Over time, this led to the destruction of rainforest, ecological sensitive areas, water sheds, and of valuable agricultural land.

How the Proposals Focus on Relevant Urban Issues and which Additional Urban Considerations could have been addressed?

These models also modified social behavioral patterns, substituting nearly five centuries of urban tradition based on streets, plazas, porches, and courtyards as places of rich social encounter, proper of Latino cultures, replaced by the suburban shopping mal as places of encounter.

The framework of the studio did consider however relevant urban conditions for the site, such as:

The territorial and urban systems of the island will undergo further strains in light of higher gas prices and climate change. Furthermore, the Puerto Rican tourism industry, which is a pillar of its economy, will be facing fierce competition in years ahead from emergent recreational destinations, as Cuba, where these erosive processes have not occurred yet.

Santurce, the specific site of the Studio, is an area adjacent to old San Juan, the colonial walled city. It would have evolved into the main centrality of the city, due to its proximity to Old San Juan and the Government Center, and as a transition zone to El Condado. El Condado is the area where the main hotel-recreational and beach resorts are concentrated, catering to the international tourism and also intensely use by the local population.

Instead, Santurce declined in the second half of the twentieth century, due to the construction of an expressway that cut it off from the shore line and resort areas, together with the economic decline and the flight of population from Old San Juan to the new urban trends, and above all, as a consequence of the sprawling urban patterns resulting from these new urban visions.

The above mentioned information could have helped the students to further understand the strategic importance of the site selected for the Studio, including equally challenging urban parameters, and the outcome of the projects.

a) The creation of a new centrality favoring densification of the area, and the introduction of mixed uses (including metropolitan services and amenities); b) A new of mass-transit system, as an extension of the existing Tren Urbano (elevated Metro) proposing a station in the heart of the site which would serve as a hub interconnecting different forms of transportation; c) A connection to the waterfront now severed by the cityâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s main high way; d) An urban park in the proximity of the transit hub, which has been an aspiration of the city for decades, and; e) Different connections linking the site to the adjacent areas.

Urban frameworks usually are able to establish the armature affecting mobility flows, infra-structure, and the systems of public spaces which are essential for social interaction. They additionally help to glue the individual architectural components. And this would have been a special opportunity to introduce new paradigms to counteract the poor urban conditions of the sprawling cities of Puerto Rico.

David Gouverneur, Adjunct Professor Department of Landscape Architecture/Upenn

a

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Urban Encounters:

by Ingeborg M. Rocker

Design informing future living scenarios?

The world is contested by a dramatic growth of population: 1950 2.5 Billion people lived on the earth, in 2007 already 6 Billion, and until 2050 around 9 Billion people are expected to populate the globe. While the populations in Europe remain stagnant or even shrink, everywhere else, in particular in Asia and Africa, a rapid growth is expected.

This development is paralleled by a rapid industrialization and urbanization, the migration of the land population into the cities.

Europe has seen a similar development in the beginning and middle of the 19th century. The resulting challenging living and working conditions in the cities were echoed by movies like Fritz Lang’s Metropolis in 1927, new urban strategies (Ludwig Hilbersheimer (The Vertical City,1924), Le Corbusier, (Voisin Plan, 1925), Ernst May, Römerstadt Frankfurt, built 1927-1929) alternative housing typologies and new life-styles. Modern architectures and urban strategies of the early 20th century reflected – with varying success – both: the new means of construction as much as the social, political and hygienic circumstances in Europe’s industrial centers.

After World War 2 many of the speculative projects of the 1920s became – in somewhat impoverished versions - implemented. The Pruitt-Igoe Housing Project, St. Louis, completed in 1955 and destructed in 1972 became the pseudonym for the raise and fall of modern urban conceptions.

What are alternatives to modern urban conceptions, housing typologies and life-styles? What ar e the urban strategies that can absorb an ever-increasing urban population?

Urbanization is as much a depiction of a condition – as a process: The urbanization process in many of the developing countries has just started. While 2005 3.15 Billion people (49% of the earth population) lived in cities, according to UN estimations it will be in 2030 about 60%

of the total earth population. (Jürgen Bähr 2011) Given the expected developments, it seems timely to rethink the responsibilities of urban planners, designers and architects. In how far can we guide the global process of urbanization? What are the urban strategies and housing typologies of the 21st century that would allow for life in cities while sustaining the ecological system of the globe?

Can the export of modern urban strategies as they have been developed in the vain of industrialization in Europe and the US be the proper answers? Why do the urban strategies (and mistakes) of the past (urban sprawl, car culture included) still remain the models for today and tomorrow’s developing cities and metropolis?

What are the alternatives?

Formal exuberance, and / or naïve ecological utopianism are ill-equipped to inform sustainable urban designs for the future! Formally exuberant provocations seem at this point out-of place.

Let’s re-think the basic motivations and modi of our operation. What will be next?

Ingeborg M. Rocker is an Assistant Professor of Architecture in the Department of Architecture at the GSD, Harvard University

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4 1. The Destruction of the The Pruitt-Igoe Housing Project, St. Louis, 1972.

2. The Pruitt-Igoe Housing Project, St. Louis, completed 1955 3. Ludwig Hilbersheimer, The Vertical City 1924.

4. Ernst May, Rรถmerstadt Frankfurt built from 1927 to 1929 5. Le Corbusier, model of the Voisin Plan, 1925

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ArthurAzoulai MelodyRees JeffDavis DaneZeiler TerryDriggs JiaeLee YuanZhu CongYan JacquelynSantaLucia StevenSong YoheiYamada KaicongWu XiaotianHuang TseHongCheng HangXu YiranWang WendaXiao ChengboWeng TylerWallace DiegoTaccioli SizheChen AngelaF.NunezMatos YitianZhao PreethiPathireddy QinZhang ErweiYi KinWeiLeung JosefMusil ChenghanYang SooJinPark KonstantinaManousaridou YifanWu WenXu BoRinJung IkjeCheon AnnieMichaelides DarrenTaylor JainqiuOuyang

BOOOOOOM The financial crash in 2008 exposed architecture’s greatest weakness and mistake – its complicity in acting as a neutral commodity and 3D bar-graph of capital investment. This post-crash state of architecture we are wading through must be met with new strategies and frameworks for collective involvement through meaningful personal and communal investment. This is not to say that architecture must avoid its role in a capitalist society as an investment strategy, in fact it is reinforcing this and creating a more successful project.

Community involvement ensures that there is sufficient interest in the project while also creating a positive intellectual and emotional investment between the enduser and the architecture itself. Inhabitants know the building or community before they move in.

In the midst of the crash we began a project at HWKN called Boom, a master-planned community which explores new ideas of home, community and wellness. To create this new vision we formed a team of architects, designers, researchers, planners, engineers and writers from around the globe. This project combines strategies of New Aging, community involvement and multi-generational living in a sustainable, accessible and amenity rich community.

We also recognize that successful communities are not created by architecture alone. Social and communal engagement is vital to the success of the community.

The necessity of finding new community typologies, where Boom is paving the way, leads to an abandonment of the architect as a creator of exact and “finished” products by replacing the traditional role of the architect (as a product-deliverer) with that of a enabler of space creation through community involvement (as a process-definer).

On one hand we have processes of “privileged curation” which spoon-feed architecture (and other things, high art) to the masses, on the other hand we have the proliferation of the virtual life and its self-assembling

by Matthias Hollwich & Matthew Hoffman

micro- and macro-communities. Notions of “self” and “community” have flown from the physical realm and landed firmly on the silicon chip, as evidenced through social media and its crafted identities, blogging and its exponential acceleration, viral phenomenon, dating sites, chat etc. The internet thrives on constant input and feedback, an ability to freely and instantly reconstitute itself. The ease and availability of content creation and, more importantly, re-appropriation has changed the way we operate as individuals and as society. By mashing together the architectural design process with the untouchable but omnipresent virtual realm it is possible to translate new ideas of community and identity back into the physical realm.

For Boom we have added an extra phase to the design process, where we are actively seeking involvement from the community at large, through tools such as our website and integrated social media presence, the “Boom Configurator” which allows future residents to begin assembling themselves and the community, and also on the ground in a series of workshops and events.

We are crafting processes and frameworks which act as community catalysts, to then be appropriated and tweaked by amateur designers and future inhabitants in an effort to create a new community model and typology.

This feedback loop between architects and all possible future inhabitants is being created using techniques already familiar to us; crowd-sourcing and distributed participatory design. Not only does this provide instant feedback and input into the creative process, but also serves to educate the community-at-large about architecture, design, planning and built form.

This design process which we’re pioneering through Boom tackles the unbending and often hostile attitude of architecture towards its inhabitants. Never is this disparate relationship more evident than when we reach old-age. Our bodies no longer possess the ability to adapt to the stifling rigidity of our architectural surroundings.

< Post-Professional @ Penn Design >

This relationship needs to be inverted in order to create spaces which form around us and allow us to live in the most meaningful and constructive ways possible. We are amending this dichotomy by cracking open and exposing the design process and inviting all to enter and share their thoughts, beliefs and opinions in constructive and meaningful ways Matthias Hollwich is the cofounder of HWKN in New York and Architizer.com.

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Photography Credit: Arthur Azoulai

< Post-Professional @ Penn Design >

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ArthurAzoulai MelodyRees JeffDavis DaneZeiler TerryDriggs JiaeLee YuanZhu CongYan JacquelynSantaLucia StevenSong YoheiYamada KaicongWu XiaotianHuang TseHongCheng HangXu YiranWang WendaXiao ChengboWeng TylerWallace DiegoTaccioli SizheChen AngelaF.NunezMatos YitianZhao PreethiPathireddy QinZhang ErweiYi KinWeiLeung JosefMusil ChenghanYang SooJinPark KonstantinaManousaridou YifanWu WenXu BoRinJung IkjeCheon AnnieMichaelides DarrenTaylor JainqiuOuyang Winka Dubbeldam

Roland Snooks

Ferda Kolatan

A New Master Plan Puerto Rico is complex, often contradictory and sometimes even bi-polar. Politically it is the US, geographically it is the Caribbean, culturally it is Latin America, and historically it boasts a unique layering of African, Native Taíno, and Spanish influences. Looking abroad - with all its positive or negative implications – is an inevitable predisposition brought upon by Puerto Rico’s insularism.

As a result, the American Dream continues to take root in our popular memory.

During the eighties Mies’ functionalist “less is more” gave way to Venturi’s postmodernist “less is a bore” which recently gravitated back to a globalized and minimalist “less is more” that has ironically transformed itself into “less is more expensive”, misunderstood by the masses and prohibitive for those operating on the fringes. This tendency, described in a recent Lars Lerup’s essay on Puerto Rico titled Tropics of Modernism, concludes that the stubborn insistence of the modernism that hovers across the Island is hurting to find new expressions.

Presently, our Island’s characteristic imaginaries are found debating amid memories and desires; stuck between paradisiacal beaches and colonial façades presented to us through simplistic ads for the Tourism Company; and suburban houses, product of the hybridization of Levittown with the Spanish hacienda; all included in Saturday’s construction section of the local newspaper.

For many, this is a long-lost battle; for others, it is time’s normal sway. Meanwhile, the pendulum keeps swinging between a nostalgic front movement that markets itself as indigenous—which tends to prefer the search for something that was apparently lost over that which has not happened—and another extreme filled with naiveté and equally nostalgic on a crusade to rescue the lost language of Henry Klumb’s tropical modernism. The problem is that both of them look backwards, even if the latter wears an avant garde costume.

If we move aside the linguistic description for a more

numerical one, Puerto Rico has one of the highest population densities in the world, and an alarmingly high automobile per capita and roads per area ratios. And yet, Santurce—San Juan’s main barrio or sector—has seen its population cut by half in the last fifty years. Monserrate Street, right at the center of Santurce, dissects its urban fabric from north to south, and connects the high income condos near Condado Lagoon and Miramar, to the middle class housing near Ponce de Leon Ave and finally the impoverished areas near Tras Talleres and the Fondita. Interlink developer Fred Sánchez’ suggestion to operate along this important axis became the focus of the studio, and his generosity made the collaboration a real possibility.

When the groups of students from Penn and City College came to San Juan along professors Dubbeldam, Snooks, Kolatan and Salcedo they walked the city and were able to experience a project that transformed the way in which we occupy Santurce, the rehabilitation of its historical marketplace – La Placita—a proposal that speaks eloquently about architecture’s ability to generate the essential conditions that promote urban life.

Unfortunately, a four-year period is too short to carry out effective long-term projects at the urban scale, particularly considering the volatile nature of the political milieu in Puerto Rico. This reality has produced an impressive collection of frozen-shelved master plans, mainly for San Juan’s Metro Area. The studio offered a fresh pedagogical platform to speculate beyond these constraints a vision of Santurce based on its possibilities, as opposed to its limitations. I believe the work on these pages is an important and exemplary collection of proposals that position academia as the epicenter for architectural innovation and present a clear and profound statement in the contemporary debate on the future of our cities and how we seek to occupy them.

Francisco Javier Rodríguez Dean, UPR School of Architecture

< Post-Professional @ Penn Design > ISLETA OF SAN JUAN - THE WALKABLE CITY â&#x20AC;˘ JULY 2010

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Municipality of San Juan

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1. San Juan Proposed Master Plan 2. Existing Conditions 3. Site Location Map 3

BoRinJung IkjeCheon AnnieMichaelides JainqiuOuyang

Dynamic Santurce

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Master Plan Exterior Perspective Ground Perspective Exterior Perspective Section Diagram

< Post-Professional @ Penn Design >

JacquelynSantaLucia

AngelaNunezMatos YitianZhao

StevenSong

Drift City

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TerryDriggs JiaeLee YuanZhu CongYan

High-Tech Institute

major roadways minor roadways pedestrian pathways

major roadways major minorroadways roadways minor roadways pedestrianpathways pathways pedestrian

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Master Plan Circulation Diagram Zoning Diagram Exterior Perspective 1 Exterior Perspective 2 Exterior Perspective 3 Master Plan System Detail

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< Post-Professional @ Penn Design >

JosefMusil YoheiYamada XiaotianHuang TseHongCheng

Cloud 9

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KonstantinaManousaridou HangXu KaicongWu TylerWallace

Agricultural Aggregate

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Pathnet System

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Generative Diagrams Exterior Perspective Exterior Systems Perspective Planning Diagrams

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PreethiPathireddy QinZhang KinWeiLeung WendaXiao ChengboWeng

Integration & Regeneration

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Generative Studies Master Plan Perspective Aerial Perspective Concept Massing Study Systems Diagram

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DiegoTaccioli SooJinPark SizheChen ChenghanYang YiranWang

Open Density

Density Volume Diagram 3 New Urban Components New Urban Components Pathways connecting green spaces and major points of interest

Pathways connecting green spaces and major points of interests Pathways connecting green spaces and major points of interests

Pathways connecting green spaces and major points of interest

Building density intervention

Building density intervention

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Voronoi language integrated into infrastructure

Voronoi language integrated into infrastructure Voronoi language integrated into infrastructure

Voronoi language integrated into infrastructure

Proposed infrastructure intervention

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JeďŹ&#x20AC;Davis DaneZeiler YifanWu WenXu

Systemic Compulsion

1st Place Urban Design Competition for Barrio Gandul, Santurce, San Juan, PR

1. Local Connections Diagram 2. Aerial Perspective 3. Final Master Plan

The winning urban design used a series of techniques to fulfill the needs of future growth and operation of the city. We analyzed both local and global influences to devise a plan for development. Issues considered include proximity to bodies of water, major lines of pedestrian, vehicular, and public transportation, and the potential to integrate degrees of zoning as a seamless entity along circulation routes.

Design of the master plan started by pinpointing the location and position of each Barrio or division of San Juan. By tracing their shortest distance and then reinterpreting the path, based on local and global forces, we devised a potential scheme. Hierarchy of path width and height exists within the design, but as a system the plan works to break hierarchies to become dependent units of program.

A conceptual view of the plan is shown below. The plan lays out nineteen vacant lots for development. It was up to each studio team to inhabit and develop these outlined segments of land, roughly one city block. Given the scale of each allotted site, students worked to design bottomup systems that could optimized a non-linear approach to designing residential, commercial, institutional, cultural, public transit, and public green spaces.

In these images, red lines of public transit are connected to commercial lots in red. The white plots of land are residential developments. Each studio team had a combinatorial percentage of program based on proximity to these programmatic elements. Students then took projects to a more developed state within the outlined Masterplan for Barrio Gandul, Santurce, San Juan, PR.

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ArthurAzoulai MelodyRees JeffDavis DaneZeiler TerryDriggs JiaeLee YuanZhu CongYan JacquelynSantaLucia StevenSong YoheiYamada KaicongWu XiaotianHuang TseHongCheng HangXu YiranWang WendaXiao ChengboWeng TylerWallace DiegoTaccioli SizheChen AngelaF.NunezMatos YitianZhao PreethiPathireddy QinZhang ErweiYi KinWeiLeung JosefMusil ChenghanYang SooJinPark KonstantinaManousaridou YifanWu WenXu BoRinJung IkjeCheon AnnieMichaelides DarrenTaylor JainqiuOuyang Winka Dubbeldam

Roland Snooks

Ferda Kolatan

ArchitecturalTeams 1

Urban Cocoons

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Web Morphogenesis

Bo Rin Jung + Ikje Cheon

Chenghan Yang + Josef Musil

Praxis of Flow

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Arthur Azoulai + Melody Rees_

New Abstract

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Xiaotian Huang + Tse Hong Chen

Jacquelyn Santa Lucia + Steven Song

Soo Jin Park

Drift

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Crystal Transformation

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Aperture Utopia

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Yifan Wu + Wen Xu

Connective Tissue

Preethi Pathireddy + Qin Zhang

Turbulence

Hang Xu + Yiran Wang Museum Plus Yuan Zhu + Cong Yan

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Seifert Surface Project

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Konstantina Manousaridou

Interstitial Residential Annie Michaelides + Darren Taylor + Jainqiu Ouyang

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Graft Tower

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Tyler Wallace + Diego Taccioli + Sizhe Chen IRT Sector Terry Driggs + Jiae Lee

24/7 Terminal

Angela F. Nunez Matos + Yitian Zhao

Floating Rehabilitation Chengbo Weng + Wenda Xiao

Negative Procedure

Yohei Yamada + Kaicong Wu

Waterfront Revitalization Erwei Yi + Kin Wei Leung

Bazaar Proliferation Jeff Davis + Dane Zeiler

< Post-Professional @ Penn Design >

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ArthurAzoulai MelodyRees JeffDavis DaneZeiler TerryDriggs JiaeLee YuanZhu CongYan JacquelynSantaLucia StevenSong YoheiYamada KaicongWu XiaotianHuang TseHongCheng HangXu YiranWang WendaXiao ChengboWeng TylerWallace DiegoTaccioli SizheChen AngelaF.NunezMatos YitianZhao PreethiPathireddy QinZhang ErweiYi KinWeiLeung JosefMusil ChenghanYang SooJinPark KonstantinaManousaridou YifanWu WenXu BoRinJung IkjeCheon AnnieMichaelides DarrenTaylor JainqiuOuyang Winka Dubbeldam

Roland Snooks

Ferda Kolatan

Urban Cocoons

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A pursuit of simplicity within complexity is strongly conveyed. In one simple line, a variety of underlying meanings and strategies can be derived. Not only have we generated a dynamic urban fabric, we have also B + J. rigorously asked ourselves the concept of translating every single line as more than just a connection.

Borin Jung + Ikje Cheon

In identifying the implied pattern within the system, we came across the shapes of the cocoon, naturally growing out from the curves.

Cocoon-ing

The system attempts to embody duality, directionality, transitional and ephemeral qualities of membranes and plateaus, created by a complex three dimensional networking of connections that are taken from interior and exterior site access points.

Within the network, a pattern of cocooning was discovered which enabled us to form multiple layers of plateaus that grow effortlessly out from the membranes.

This intricate layout of the plateaus not only allows gradual transitions in-between, but also an organic form of negative volumes to be deduced. The building becomes more dynamic and appealing during the moments where positive and negative volumes clash and weave programs and spaces together. This approach is carried out in a variety of scales and locations. It attempts to question the conventional planning of a residential-commercial complex in which two entities are treated completely separate; if no physical connections, at least visual connections will be accomplished.

As plateaus themselves emerge from enclosed membranes, they carry a range of potentials to become multiple functional elements which correspond to architectural and operational qualities, including transparency, translucency, solidity, and connectivity.

The cocoon-like feature challenges the current notion of housing by emphasizing the idea of both individuality and community, arguing against the current matchbox apartments where the sense of community is completely lost. Through these membranes, separate territories are structurally unified, but still spatially divided.

Ferda

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< Studio Kolatan >

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1. Exterior Perspective 2. Generative Studies 3. Ground Perspective

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1. Function Diagrams 2. Concept Exterior Perspective 3. Site Plan

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ArthurAzoulai MelodyRees JeffDavis DaneZeiler TerryDriggs JiaeLee YuanZhu CongYan JacquelynSantaLucia StevenSong YoheiYamada KaicongWu XiaotianHuang TseHongCheng HangXu YiranWang WendaXiao ChengboWeng TylerWallace DiegoTaccioli SizheChen AngelaF.NunezMatos YitianZhao PreethiPathireddy QinZhang ErweiYi KinWeiLeung JosefMusil ChenghanYang SooJinPark KonstantinaManousaridou YifanWu WenXu BoRinJung IkjeCheon AnnieMichaelides DarrenTaylor JainqiuOuyang Winka Dubbeldam

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Roland Snooks

Ferda Kolatan

Web Morphogenesis Our project focuses on research of a non-hierarchical design system and on the aesthetics and tectonics of such a system. Previous principles of form following function and function following form are replaced by a new principle: form negotiating with function, as form and function are equivalent parts of design.

Form following function is a principle associated with modern architecture. However, linking the relationship between the form of an object and its intended purpose is not always a complete design solution in itself. Rohe believes that function following form always ends up with formalism. Although these principles inherently have an built in hierarchy, neither form nor function is more important. Thus, our design creates a constant dialog between spatial organization and structure organization represented by two systems of curves. These curves are represented as a bottom-up system: a multi-agent based system working with curves, force fields, and rules for a woven structure combined with rules for filling space through subdivision. Thus, the system passes from a linear element to surfaces and volumetric elements.

Roland

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Our project considers the main climate aspects of San Juan, which has a very hot climate and needs cooling for most of the year. This offers a great opportunity to exploit wind, as there is a strong directionality of wind flow. Secondly, the design conditions including program distribution (90% residential, 10% commercial), site entrances, and connections give rise to our master plan.

< Studio Snooks >

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Curve generated

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ArthurAzoulai MelodyRees JeffDavis DaneZeiler TerryDriggs JiaeLee YuanZhu CongYan JacquelynSantaLucia StevenSong YoheiYamada KaicongWu XiaotianHuang TseHongCheng HangXu YiranWang WendaXiao ChengboWeng TylerWallace DiegoTaccioli SizheChen AngelaF.NunezMatos YitianZhao PreethiPathireddy QinZhang ErweiYi KinWeiLeung JosefMusil ChenghanYang SooJinPark KonstantinaManousaridou YifanWu WenXu BoRinJung IkjeCheon AnnieMichaelides DarrenTaylor JainqiuOuyang Winka Dubbeldam

Roland Snooks

Ferda Kolatan

Praxis of Flow

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This project is a morphological study that assumes an extended field of movement and circulating forces. It is designed by simulating self-organizing biological systems where selective decision making is used to sculpt innate yet deliberate spatial relationships and formal qualities.

At its pure essence, this project is an infrastructural system that acts as a receiver and link-up for formal architectural systems. The inherent continuity of the overall form as a topological surface allows for the emergence of roadways, interstitial interior space, and landscape. With imbricating structural support systems, the collective tectonics provide a network of circulation paths for pedestrians, cars and trams in addition to an emphasis on temporary pavilion spaces such as transitory food markets, pop-up retail shops and time-share housing.

With a temporal and ephemeral program, the local culture of Santurce in San Juan becomes active. Correspondingly, the adaptive qualities of the infrastructural surface allow the building and site to form an organic semiotic relationship where the building seamlessly emerges from the land below. This is emphasized as the ecologically evasive character of Puerto Ricoâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s environment merges into the architecture. Thus, this project articulates new formal relationships and interstitial space while also reflecting the contingencies of the current moment in San Juan, Puerto Rico.

< Studio Kolatan >

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ArthurAzoulai MelodyRees JeffDavis DaneZeiler TerryDriggs JiaeLee YuanZhu CongYan JacquelynSantaLucia StevenSong YoheiYamada KaicongWu XiaotianHuang TseHongCheng HangXu YiranWang WendaXiao ChengboWeng TylerWallace DiegoTaccioli SizheChen AngelaF.NunezMatos YitianZhao PreethiPathireddy QinZhang ErweiYi KinWeiLeung JosefMusil ChenghanYang SooJinPark KonstantinaManousaridou YifanWu WenXu BoRinJung IkjeCheon AnnieMichaelides DarrenTaylor JainqiuOuyang Winka Dubbeldam

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Ferda Kolatan

New Abstract

As a response to the commonly conflicting design criteria, this project reconsiders the organization of the building system as a dynamic complex instead of a hierarchical collage. This project attempts to redefine the relationship between landscape and structure in architecture. Generally, landscape design and structural design are separated and even isolated to one another.

It is likely that landscape always sacrifices its continuity to accommodate structural elements. To a certain extent it is served as holes filled in between structure without acting positively to the architecture or the structure.

Consequently, plantation is added to the building in locations which are neither favorable to their growth nor able to meet the aesthetics.

Roland

Roland Snooks

and spatial quality to enhance public interaction. There are programs inside and outside the landscape creating a continuity of retail. A variety of circulation created by the contours promote creative use of space. Bubbles interlock each other within the landscape. For the residential zone, the module is developed based on courtyard housing.

Plantation, water elements and windows are integrated into the facade.

CIRCULATION

In summary, self-similar algorithmic agents operate across scales to form a continuous tectonic, where the legibility of discrete tectonic hierarchies dissolve. Through this disintegration of hierarchy, a new set of intensive effects emerges.

In this project we are concerned with the morphological differences of the two systems – landscape and structure. It is the result of integrating structure and landscape into a single system whose articulation self organizes based on bifurcation and reaction to the site.

We set up a series of single but complex behavioral agents to generate the framework for both systems in order to achieve a cohesive affect. Agents are set based on the continuity of the sites. They will be reproduced and bifurcated within certain regions to increase the complexity. Alignment calls for order, while cohesion and separation regulate the movement and the path.

A branch will be created beneath the main structure under certain conditions to provide support as a second layer of structure. We introduce scale as a factor to the framework which determines the form that materializes the behaviors of the agents. Contours are used for large scale elements such as landscape and gradually become a net-like structure for the small structural elements.

The surface of the contours have three articulations – 1 smooth, steps, and rhombus – to suit different programs and environment.

Based on the above behaviors, the site is developed into two zones: commercial and residential. For the commercial zone, there are bubble-like structures to create atrium 1. Circulation Diagram

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xiangtian huang, Hongcheng Tse

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ArthurAzoulai MelodyRees JeffDavis DaneZeiler TerryDriggs JiaeLee YuanZhu CongYan JacquelynSantaLucia StevenSong YoheiYamada KaicongWu XiaotianHuang TseHongCheng HangXu YiranWang WendaXiao ChengboWeng TylerWallace DiegoTaccioli SizheChen AngelaF.NunezMatos YitianZhao PreethiPathireddy QinZhang ErweiYi KinWeiLeung JosefMusil ChenghanYang SooJinPark KonstantinaManousaridou YifanWu WenXu BoRinJung IkjeCheon AnnieMichaelides DarrenTaylor JainqiuOuyang Winka Dubbeldam

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Drift:

Roland Snooks

Revealing and Concealing in Agglomeration of Implied Spaces in Fragments

The manifest form of our proposal is the result of a feedback between internal rules of component connections and a swarming system that reacts to external pressures of context -- drift.

Learning from Puerto Rico, we investigated the notion of transiency in certain migratory populations. These groups, which include artists, tourists, business travelers, students and immigrants, are our target clientele.

Through programming of work/live, and shared spaces of display and retail, new relationships emerge within the temporal community that can be projected back into the region as a destination for similar populations. The agglomeration of communities provides pooled resources and support for transient populations to flourish. For our particular clientele, we propose to move away from the conventional, quantitative labeling of spatial types, towards one that reflects the conditions of transient living – a qualitative compilation of spatial and surficial complexity, porosity and connectivity.

generate gradients of density, porosity, and varied connections.

The agglomerated fragments give birth to their derivatives which, through their performative quality, adapt to the given conditions – the original fragments and the site. This symbiotic resonance between the given and its mutational derivative provides constant dialogue with each other.

In the end, architecture exists as proliferation and agglomeration of open fragments, through local interpretations of which variety, specificities and flexibilities emerge.

Analyzing the dynamics of the context, we discovered internal patterns of distribution where moments of intensity occurred. These concentrations of intensity define the far-from-equilibrium status of our system. The far-from-equilibrium state characterizes a system that provides flexibility and openness as well as specificity and variety in spatial arrangements that adapt to continuous programmatic shifts and demographic fluctuations.

Winka

Ferda Kolatan

Using fragments as the topological base, our architecture is an agglomeration of these implied spaces that become meaningful via connections. Through the internal logic based on proximity, orientation, and strength of force, these fragments negotiate surficial and spatial connections with one another, defining enclosures and supports. This bottom-up aggregation is induced and ordered by external pressures of the site – such as transportation hubs, adjacent retail zones, etc. Via proliferation and chance encounters, the implied spaces 1

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ArthurAzoulai MelodyRees JeffDavis DaneZeiler TerryDriggs JiaeLee YuanZhu CongYan JacquelynSantaLucia StevenSong YoheiYamada KaicongWu XiaotianHuang TseHongCheng HangXu YiranWang WendaXiao ChengboWeng TylerWallace DiegoTaccioli SizheChen AngelaF.NunezMatos YitianZhao PreethiPathireddy QinZhang ErweiYi KinWeiLeung JosefMusil ChenghanYang SooJinPark KonstantinaManousaridou YifanWu WenXu BoRinJung IkjeCheon AnnieMichaelides DarrenTaylor JainqiuOuyang Winka Dubbeldam

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Roland Snooks

Ferda Kolatan

Crystal Transformation This experimental project investigates new formal possibilities for the building façade through computational design methods. The subdivision of a hexagonal lattice grid overlaid on the site generates a crystalline pattern which is then appropriated as the form of a building envelope and interior space. The higher subdivision with small parts at the anthropomorphic scale will define outdoor public corridors throughout the site, the lower subdivision with large parts at an urban scale, and facades along the site perimeter facing the surrounding context. The building envelopes thus generated will satisfy multiple functional requirements in non-hierarchical relationships. The enclosure will be a structure, a structure as an ornament, an ornament as a mechanical system.

Conceived as a landscape of mixed-use complexities of diverse commercial and institutional buildings, the arrangement of the buildingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s internal program will respond to the existing urban fabric to the west and south as well as new residential developments planned for adjoining sites to the north and east. A large outdoor public space, centrally located on the site will moderate the transitional pedestrian flows across the site between its old and new surroundings. It will also accommodate heavy foot-traffic expected from the light-rail station to the south.

Shops, restaurants, and offices, along with multi-unit residences will ensure a balanced mix of various endusers to populate the site throughout the day. The development volumes deep profile will be divided by the circulation routes and its low profile will be utilized to provide air, view, and natural light to wherever they are desired. The result is a vibrant mix of interconnected urban spaces that every resident and visitor can enjoy.

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ArthurAzoulai MelodyRees JeffDavis DaneZeiler TerryDriggs JiaeLee YuanZhu CongYan JacquelynSantaLucia StevenSong YoheiYamada KaicongWu XiaotianHuang TseHongCheng HangXu YiranWang WendaXiao ChengboWeng TylerWallace DiegoTaccioli SizheChen AngelaF.NunezMatos YitianZhao PreethiPathireddy QinZhang ErweiYi KinWeiLeung JosefMusil ChenghanYang SooJinPark KonstantinaManousaridou YifanWu WenXu BoRinJung IkjeCheon AnnieMichaelides DarrenTaylor JainqiuOuyang Winka Dubbeldam

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Roland Snooks

Ferda Kolatan

Aperture* Utopia* •Generative Aperture How to make an aperture is a constant topic of architecture. The Triangle Area Bisectors principle is a mathematical generative method and a reference diagram that transforms three arbitrary points to an arbitrary triangle, from a triangle to six parabolas, and from six parabolas to various densification tangents, in order to create a variety of apertures with different sizes and shapes.

•Urban Aperture

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Our site is located in the southwest side of the new urban context. It connects both the old urban context from the west side and the new urban context from the east side, so that it is divided into different-sized patterns according to the scale of the surrounding context. In this way, a gradient-scale urban skin is installed to blur distinct scale between the old and new city context.

Several apertures encircled by tangents are interpreted as landscape or building sites. These apertures connect with the main streets and create bridges. The other layer of the site, which is used as sun shading system, is generated from overlapping patterns. The joint of the sun shading system, which has four genetic holes in its fabric, provides multifunctional open spaces for the whole community.

•Architectural Aperture

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When placed into an architectural morphology process, the gradient aperture-generating system, which is controlled by the mathematical principle, can be translated into architecture integrating cohesively into urban skin. It is also considered as the prototype of architectural plan, structure and configuration. Different programs, such as residential space, green space or commercial space, requires varied intensity of illumination, heights and shapes. These requirements inform deformed prototypes with a series of optimized dynamic parameter values.

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PLAZA perspective

ArthurAzoulai MelodyRees JeffDavis DaneZeiler TerryDriggs JiaeLee YuanZhu CongYan JacquelynSantaLucia StevenSong YoheiYamada KaicongWu XiaotianHuang TseHongCheng HangXu YiranWang WendaXiao ChengboWeng TylerWallace DiegoTaccioli SizheChen AngelaF.NunezMatos YitianZhao PreethiPathireddy QinZhang ErweiYi KinWeiLeung JosefMusil ChenghanYang SooJinPark KonstantinaManousaridou YifanWu WenXu BoRinJung IkjeCheon AnnieMichaelides DarrenTaylor JainqiuOuyang Winka Dubbeldam

Roland Snooks

Ferda Kolatan

CONNECTIVE tissues

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This project investigates the potential for complex urban conditions, reworks the quality of neighborhood and attempts to achieve the effectiveness and connectivity that exist in a dynamic and emergent system.

‘Calle monserrate’s existing conditions suffer from poor infrastructure and programmatic organization, which causes its absence in active neighborhoods. For this reason, the thesis presents an adaptive neighborhood that will be indicative of integrating the densities of people, activity, culture, commerce and the environment with built forms, allowing us to design a wide range of scenarios--each of which is unique to the way it is set up. In order to both re-configure and achieve a variety of conditions, a physical network was required to morph its form and feel.

PLAZA perspective

is incorporated. This fluid continuous system forms unique individual dwelling units that interweave with one another and creates possibilities of communication and transition between boundaries. These spaces blur the boundaries between different functions. ‘Site 08’ describes a form of spatial expression that responds to the surrounding environment and creates a new living neighborhood.

Strong lines are formed over the existing site and its surrounding context based on the connections within and around the site. By investigating these behavioral patterns, a dynamic system was generated to abstract an organizational diagram for the urban fabric and to build up a formal language between retail and residential with surrounding fields of interstitial urban spaces.

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‘Site 08’ is designed as a horizontal strategy that situates itself in the sensitive urban context of Santurce.

This neighborhood acts as a community hub for the surrounding neighborhoods because of its centralized location. Due to the narrow condition of the site the design develops into an S-shaped form. The form creates an elbow-like condition that shields the housing units from the surrounding roadway and acts as an enclosure for the plaza-scape. The plaza-scape is interconnected with interior and exterior public and private spaces as a network of infrastructural connections that is distributed across the site with the capacity to organize differential interactivity, sectional movement, as well as diversity of scales, densities, heights and hybrid programs. To redefine the notion of a ‘home’, a fluid continuous system

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Roland Snooks

Ferda Kolatan

Turbulence In fluid dynamics, turbulence or turbulent flow is a fluid regime characterized by chaotic, stochastic property changes. This includes low momentum diffusion, high momentum convection, and rapid variation of pressure and velocity in space and time. Turbulence results from the nonlinear nature of advection, which enables interaction between motions on different spatial scales. Consequently, an initial disturbance with a given characteristic length scale tends to spread to progressively larger and smaller scales.

Our ambition was to generate our whole project by using the turbulence process. First, we used scripts to modify our terrain. After numerous experiments and tests we chose one typology as our landscape. This landscape is perfectly connected to the surrounding transportation system. At the same time, it gives space for our building to emerge from. Second, we noticed that cars are very important for people in Puerto Rico. So we decided to first design the transportation systems, which we also used scripts to generate. By changing the parameters, we got roads for vehicles and for pedestrians. In one way, these roads invite people to our buildings; in another way, these roads become the outlines of the architectural spaces. Third, we used the turbulence system to design the structure of the buildings. The structure defines our programs and inner spaces. The last step was to create the surface pattern. We wanted to have an ideal combination of the surface and the space. We wanted both the logic and the appearance of our project to be organic and coherent. We made totally different systems working together under the same logic.

In summary, our project shows the potential of building: buildings can be generated as a creature. Many different systems within a building, just like many different systems within a creature, are coordinated perfectly by a relatively simple process.

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Roland Snooks

Ferda Kolatan

Museum Plus Located in the center of San Juan’s cultural complex and adjacent to the central park within the neighborhood, the program for site No.10 has a great potential in creating a new way of living and vitalizing the surrounding neighborhoods by introducing the museum as a pivotal moment in the Santurce cultural scene. Combined with galleries, artists’ studios, and high-end housing, a selfsustainable structure for the public, private, commercial and residential could be achieved both vertically and horizontally. With an organic system of both artistic creation and exhibition, a coherent community of artists and the potential audience and buyers of their work flourishes.

We maximize this potential, as well as the limited building volume we have, by generating a new spatial form, which fully incorporates the underground space as a museum and lets in necessary sunlight through new openings in the site. The whole system performs as a biological tissue stitched on the site, in which cells of different functions are supported and connected by an intercellular matrix, and energy/matter exchange is achieved through porous structures. In essence, it is a series of independent functional units stacked together, surrounding various penetrating atriums and connected by geometric episodes of horizontal and vertical circulation. Thus the building represents an unusual synthesis of two opposing but equally important elements: the solid and the void, and the tension between the very small maximum height of the site and the program’s need for a series of different and large public space.

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The main intention of this project is to create a whole construction starting from the circle geometry. The fundamental characteristic of many natural forms is the circle. From the genes to the embryos, the first divisions and subdivisions of life are circular or- if we prefer approaching it in a more specific way- spherical or elliptical. The next step was a research for finding the rule. The first efforts were oriented to the ways in which the circle geometry could be used and reproduced to create a pattern quality. After sixteen systems of concentric circles were created, a different circle was selected in order to start the pattern route. The curve followed the circle circumference by the tangent point with a different circle system. Each time the curve met a tangent point it changed direction to the next circle system. Through this system, the patterns were created.

What came next was an effort to find a method in which every pattern could be connected to the others. The “Seifert” surface- a surface whose boundary is a specific knot- was used to unite the different pattern curves and create joints- the points in which each curve is related to each other.

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Seifert Surface Project

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Roland Snooks

The functions of the particular building are eighty percent commercial and twenty percent residential. There are six floor levels which are divided in the structure in a way that follow the Seifert surface’s qualities. The northern and the middle part of the building accommodate commercial functions while the southern part of the building accommodates residential functions.

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ArthurAzoulai MelodyRees JeffDavis DaneZeiler TerryDriggs JiaeLee YuanZhu CongYan JacquelynSantaLucia StevenSong YoheiYamada KaicongWu XiaotianHuang TseHongCheng HangXu YiranWang WendaXiao ChengboWeng TylerWallace DiegoTaccioli SizheChen AngelaF.NunezMatos YitianZhao PreethiPathireddy QinZhang ErweiYi KinWeiLeung JosefMusil ChenghanYang SooJinPark KonstantinaManousaridou YifanWu WenXu BoRinJung IkjeCheon AnnieMichaelides DarrenTaylor JainqiuOuyang Winka Dubbeldam

Roland Snooks

Ferda Kolatan

Interstitial Residential

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Site 12 achieves a clear and profound connection with an existing residential portion of the city and is enveloped by two tiered vehicle circulation systems to the north and a pedestrian circulation system to the south. It has the distinct opportunity to engage an important link between the residential area to the west and the public recreation site located directly to the south affording it a wide range of opportunity of space within the proposed urban scheme.

In developing the dynamic scheme for the site, two overlapping systems addressing circulation were produced.

One system is being pulled in from multiple directions within the site then pushed outwards to establish further connections within the site, while the other system carries a “pushing and pulling” language establishing high programmatic density coming to a point and low programmatic density distributed outwards from the site. Both systems aim to bridge movement and program from the surrounding environment with the corresponding relationships within the new urban scheme.

interstitial space afforded by our original dynamic system.

The scale of those spaces coupled with their relationship within the site afforded us the opportunities to make these investigations.

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The focal point of intensity for the circulation system aims to create an area of speed and movement, created by pathways from different directions for differing modes of circulation. The interstitial spaces between the two systems transform between surface and volume according to their location and scale relative to the surroundings, affording the opportunity for program to emerge.

Ferda

The programmatic design approach is to intensify the above relationships by making site 12 an intermediary space, where all connections: residential, circulatory and recreational, come together and culminate towards key points in the site and later disburse back to the moments of inception.

As a result, the “pushing and pulling” vocabulary is created by these elements. Given that, the pursuit is to challenge several housing typologies that the destruction of the existing site left the site with a dearth of. Multi-story/ multi-family, single-family suburban and elite villa style housing are the three typologies being explored using the

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Ferda Kolatan

Graft Tower

San Juan’s uncontrolled urban sprawl and ecological devastation is a tremendous burden for a small island. The Graft Tower is a net plus resources building that not only provides water, food, and energy for the neighborhood, but also brings in revenue which subsidizes the building and many needed new jobs in Santurce.

The building is located on New Monteserrate street at the intersection of San Juan’s two arterial public transportation routes. The program on the ground level is an epicenter of commercial activity and services to support the light rail hub. A tower at the south end of the site rises 36 floors and contains an eco-tourism hotel and living units for permanent residents. Construction of the building is unprecedented in its materials and methods.

This provides the project with a new language of an interlaced meshwork of structural columns spiraling into the sky with connecting fingers spreading out to the new plazas below. The structure is literally grown by grafting inosculate fibers around the basic skeletal frames of the commercial and housing units. As the organic material spreads upward and around the frames, more are brought from off-site and placed by a mobile crane as necessary - the post-fab process.

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vertical farming. The plants grow sporadically throughout the changing building as they are able to find water and sunlight.

Living in apartments, residents maintain and assist the agriculture of the building. One crucial task is to maintain the hydroponic network which also grows as the building does. This unique multi-purpose meshwork is highlighted in a yellow-green carbon fiber reinforcement. This yellow mesh is not only structural for the skins panels, but also distributes water throughout the tower, and manages the temperature of the panels themselves. Condensation, a typical problem in the Puerto Rican environment, is managed by the yellow “vascular” system. Certain portions of the vascular system also distribute liquid ethanol, a product of the artificial photosynthesis skin panels, which fuels the energy demands of the building. The faceted skin allows a large variation in the electrochromatic vision panels.

The stewardship of the building’s structure and vertical farming is subsidized by the eco-tourism hotel. Residents and visitors access the tower through open vertical and horizontal circulation systems, taking advantage of the island’s winds for cooling and not having to mechanically At crucial structural time intervals the structure is manage this part of the building’s environment (as typically manually hardened in a process done by the permanent seen in San Juan’s vernacular). The network of organically residents and is then wrapped in a carbon fiber responsive parts make an entirely unique building as a whole reinforcement. So that the tower can continue to rise, which engages and supports the Santurce community. root stock is grafted into the upper portions of the structure. The structure will then continue to organize itself as it winds up the individually designed frames.

The frames are designed and fabricated in a nearby shop.

As the frames move upward, their design is increasingly influenced by the prevailing western winds. Optimizing the frames design for natural ventilation and cooling creates a twisting tower with each unit’s shape stretching toward the west (as determined by wind dynamics).

Water is collected at the bottom of each unit and then dispersed throughout the open framework into the

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owsvertically in lines are attracted linesaccordance are attracted to each topods each lines flowlines tangentially flow lines and detach continue and continue to togrow until they collide with the to the other andtangentially podon meshes on lines detach surface when colliding in a tower withgrow the pods ods other andother pod meshes and pod meshes surface when surface colliding when colliding grow until they until collide they with collide the with primary the lines once again properly placed surface vents allow for cross ventilation with the pods with the pods primary lines primary oncelines again once again

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Suspended Exposure San Juan, Puerto Rico

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Ferda Kolatan

IRT Sector

Traditionally, the pattern of current urban development has blindly followed the logic of two-dimensional land utilization without being informed of the three-dimensional relationship between buildings and the urban external space.

On the other hand, this proposal relates to the surroundings in an interactive way, meshing the different socio-economic and cultural layers of the city, thus vitalizing the city by means of a symbiotic system. A symbiotic system is a relationship between two dissimilar organisms that can live together with an interdependent or mutual benefit. The proposal is formulated through the maturation and behavior of our systemâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s mutualism between itself and its context.

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The site consists of two different sectors, one being intelligent residential and the other an Institute of Research in Technology (IRT), which is split by a major road. Together these will work similar to a brain, with the separation between two distinct cerebral hemispheres that are connected by the corpus callosum. Each side resembles in structure, but despite structural similarities the functionality of each cortical (cerebral cortex) hemisphere is different. The cerebral cortex is a sheet of neural tissue that is the outermost to the cerebrum.

Playing a key role in memory, awareness, and consciousness: the ingredients for evolution in any system. While one side could survive without the other, the functionality and outcome of a stand-alone half would not be as successful.

It is the shared relationship between the two components that forge one greater whole. The seam (corpus callosum) is vital in the relationship between the two halves and how it makes two into one. Internally, the seam will act as a gradient between commercial and residential space, not only bridging the road, but also creating shared spaces and unique program qualities. Like the mind, evolution is necessary for its survival, evolving through the surrounding behaviors of commercial, residential, industrial, educational, and communal relationships. The system is the resultant of inputs to outputs, and how the proposal can adjust to specific changes within the existing network of current relationships, present and future, when nodes within the

network expand, contract, appear or disappear. IRT will be an educational hub that will work with or influence local schools and industries through intelligence as an impulse for improvement. The residential sector will consist of housing, hotel and dormitories. Both sides will combine to formulate an open plaza creating symbiotic relationships within the system itself. In a new master plan, the system will be reliable for its flexibility in an adjusting world. Evolution is essential to its survival as well, for an ever-changing and unknown future. Critically, evolutionâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s response to behaviors are not implying that it must be moving or that it must be static, but simply that it must have the elasticity to do what it needs to in order to emerge from existing or changing inputs.

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Roland Snooks

Ferda Kolatan

24/7 Terminal

The 24/7 Terminal is located at the heart of the master plan â&#x20AC;&#x201C; supplying services for the site and surrounding communities â&#x20AC;&#x201C; where all main transportation hubs are located. The concept of the Terminal was developed in accordance to its location, offering services at all times.

Likewise, the functions of the Terminal provide a new typology.

The tight fit between different subsystems of the bottomup system establishes the terminal to be an integrated whole which will read as one complex system on the site instead of three different buildings on three sites. Based on the concept, utilizing the hair system and particle studies, we generated the envelope and connections of the 24/7 Terminal. These dynamic modeling tools have a counterpart relationship: the hair system is extensive, and particle system is intensive. The hair system studies how the building envelope will organize the space from the site influences. The particle system is used to figure out how the interaction between different components will form the inner space and circulation. The programmatic function will be limited by the envelope design which is developed in a way to allow for different types of enclosed and open spaces. The envelope creates a boundary for

the circulation. Each component will generate a pattern within the system - the terminal will be a large scale and open space, the commercial will be open and enclosed area, and the residential will be the smallest private enclosed space. Patterns emerge over multiple iterations, without repeating itself.

Terminal typology consists of three main components: a Bus and Train Terminal, Commercial and Residential. Their local interactions generate a 24/7 Terminal bottom-up system. The first terminal component brings in financial to invigorate the commercial, as well as brings in new population to revitalize the residential. The second commercial component supports the residential with facilities. The third residential component allows for the commercial to include variety. The residential and commercial transform the Terminal concept from a transitional and ephemeral place into a permanent optimal destination. The complex bottom-up system emerges from 24/7 Terminal Neighborhood local interactions with the new 24/7 Terminal serving as an attractor and typological model. Thus, this new dynamic system will have a higher capacity to respond to scalar transitions within the urban fabric.

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ArthurAzoulai MelodyRees JeffDavis DaneZeiler TerryDriggs JiaeLee YuanZhu CongYan JacquelynSantaLucia StevenSong YoheiYamada KaicongWu XiaotianHuang TseHongCheng HangXu YiranWang WendaXiao ChengboWeng TylerWallace DiegoTaccioli SizheChen AngelaF.NunezMatos YitianZhao PreethiPathireddy QinZhang ErweiYi KinWeiLeung JosefMusil ChenghanYang SooJinPark KonstantinaManousaridou YifanWu WenXu BoRinJung IkjeCheon AnnieMichaelides DarrenTaylor JainqiuOuyang Winka Dubbeldam

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Roland Snooks

Ferda Kolatan

Floating Rehabilitation In our site, we observed two drastically different types of life style. Near the lower area, the physical environment is poor, but the whole street is full of life. People are sitting in front of their houses, drinking and chatting, with children playing on the street, while everybody smiles and greets you. However, near the high-end area, the situation is the opposite. Although the environment is much cleaner, there are no people outside- the high wall of the gated community keeps their luxurious private gardens inside and the street is dead. These two extreme situations reveal the serious contradiction between security of private property and public activities.

How can we improve the physical environment of the lowend area without destroying their active street life? How can we inject activities to the high-end area without triggering their nerves of security? How can we give our site a clear and unique identity in San Juanâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s public life so that it can escape from being polarized by the power of market?

Our site has the boundary facing the existing urban fabric and north to the lagoon, so that the initial attempt deals with the transition of these two different directions, introducing people from the existing urban condition into our site, and guiding them to the waterfront area that we reshaped. We created the main public area as a vertical market. Unlike the huge podium shopping mall enclosing the whole space with air-conditioning, the free market preserves the vivid street life by employing the language of continuous leaf-like canopy elements. These elements further develop into several kinds of facade components which are then applied to different living units.

Ferda

To deal with the contradiction between the privacy of housing and the publicity of the commercial, we organized the whole building through extending different scales and degrees of public spaces into the housing area. In this sense, we create a new community model in San Juan.

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ArthurAzoulai MelodyRees JeffDavis DaneZeiler TerryDriggs JiaeLee YuanZhu CongYan JacquelynSantaLucia StevenSong YoheiYamada KaicongWu XiaotianHuang TseHongCheng HangXu YiranWang WendaXiao ChengboWeng TylerWallace DiegoTaccioli SizheChen AngelaF.NunezMatos YitianZhao PreethiPathireddy QinZhang ErweiYi KinWeiLeung JosefMusil ChenghanYang SooJinPark KonstantinaManousaridou YifanWu WenXu BoRinJung IkjeCheon AnnieMichaelides DarrenTaylor JainqiuOuyang Winka Dubbeldam

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Roland Snooks

Ferda Kolatan

Negative Procedure In this project, we attempt to create a morphological transformation from micro-scaled textures to a merged spatial quality. We intend to create a space which is emerged from the landscape and curved into a group of volumes which have the same tendency as the small components. Essentially we attempt to build a connection between tectonics and typology instead of considering them separately.

This was also a chance for us to research on the multiagent system and school behaviors. We introduced an idea of a school of fish, which have such a natural immersive morphology transforming before and after the agents gather.

Nevertheless, our operation is not just a simple imitation of the visual effect of fish but rather a concentration on how to turn the interlinks of such a beautiful phenomenon into architectural moments. Thus, we focus on the negative space left by the multi-agents and translate the abstract geometry into a courtyard system which not only functions as the residential area but also as a commercial complex.

Consequently, the multi-agents triggered the emergence of both the texture and space, both expressing the energy of different kinds of activities in the system.

Roland

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Roland Snooks

Ferda Kolatan

Waterfront Revitalization This project seeks an innovative systematic approach to redevelop the relationship between architecture and landscape, exploring their non-linear interaction. Emergent architecture has always been considered to lack a consideration of the site factors; yet we try to develop a series of generative methodologies that challenge this notion and propose a new mixed land use scenario to revitalize the waterfront area.

Situated in the northern boundary of the master plan, our site is located by the southern side of the water, with the highway cutting through. By suppressing the highway, our design redevelops the accessibility of the water from the inner city, and provides new public space interactive with the water, with a small amount of commercial and residential units.

To realize the revitalization, the first step is to recreate the coastline. We introduce a dynamic system which is responsive to the water and existing urban context. The product of this system creates a new coastline, which provides three shores of different attributes and platforms for different activities.

We further expand the system from the water into the site with the same system logic, but it produces heterogeneous properties. Various minimum lengths of pathways adaptive to the site result, which provide connectivity along the water, the site, and the infrastructures. These pathways form an interconnected network with different kinds of junctions and intersections. Areas bound by these pathways will be transformed into residential building units, using the same typology of the waterfront by constantly changing appearance with the dynamics of the site force.

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The whole complex forms an integrated system which evolves from landscape to architecture- from open spaces to buildings.

It is a reinterpretation of emergent typologies based on site attributes, in which heterogeneous characters are provided.

Normative relationships among the ground plane, buildings and boundaries are challenged, allowing for a new reading of landscape architecture which transposes itself in and around buildings in a multitude of layers.

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Roland Snooks

Ferda Kolatan

BAZAAR Proliferation

SITE_19 exists at a critical location within the master plan due to its proximity to a diverse field of environmental forces. Integrating an aggregation of vertical structures with a local bazaar, which typically emerges from a combination of internal and external forces, will help unify the diverse outside conditions. By adding a bottom up system to the program it dramatically alters the design process and provides us with continuous feedback for further development. We embraced the inherent emergent properties of a market and allowed it to influence our design decisions and philosophical approach. The proliferation of residential and commercial components will be guided by relationships within the marketplace and interactions throughout our site.

Surrounding developments, both existing and speculative, present a range of issues including a lack of density, an overwhelming scale, non-hierarchical forms, and undefined public spaces. The site borders the existing context of San Juan to the west creating a unique opportunity to generate new edge conditions between the context typology and the new master plan. Socially the site is at the crux of where several differing communities, the rich, poor, locals, and tourists, will merge together at a singular location. The amalgamation of these conditions is begging SITE_19 to become a unifying entity that blurs social boundaries and proliferates community interactions.

Without successfully developed cohesive intensities our project would lack the ability to survive in this complex environment.

We have tailored our decisions towards destroying internal hierarchies and the perception of a tower as an object, and strive instead to create a multiplicity of towers that together create a singular whole.

By decentralizing our densities and directly engaging the full extent of our site restraints, we can fully integrate each design opportunity across multiple scales. As a direct response to our decentralization, we will increase the siteâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s vertical density and programmatic diversity. The site development will share public space with the existing context and both plots of land in SITE_19. By programmatically connecting the divided site, qualities will merge into a new typology where the two sites can coexist as dependent entities.

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WEST ELEVATION

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ArthurAzoulai MelodyRees JeffDavis DaneZeiler TerryDriggs JiaeLee YuanZhu CongYan JacquelynSantaLucia StevenSong YoheiYamada KaicongWu XiaotianHuang TseHongCheng HangXu YiranWang WendaXiao ChengboWeng TylerWallace DiegoTaccioli SizheChen AngelaF.NunezMatos YitianZhao PreethiPathireddy QinZhang ErweiYi KinWeiLeung JosefMusil ChenghanYang SooJinPark KonstantinaManousaridou YifanWu WenXu BoRinJung IkjeCheon AnnieMichaelides DarrenTaylor JainqiuOuyang dynamic tour

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XIAO WENDA

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Intensive Digital Workshop Summer Program with Justin Diles: Studio Lynn, Universit채t f체r angewandte Kunst, Wien_Teaching Assistants: Todd Costain and Linsey Cohen

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Justin Diles, with the help of Lindsay Cohen and Todd Costain, conducted a week long intensive digital methods course in August to prepare the Post-Professional students for the demands of particular software that they would need to utilized through the semester.

Students were introduced to Maya, Rhino, Grasshopper, and Processing. The focus of the course was on modeling and rendering techniques that were soon utilized over the course of two assignments. The first task was to completely model and render or animate a part of the Gundam Robot body. Gundam robots are tectonically complex with a logical assembly and specific coloration of individual parts. Each Gundam piece was modeled and rendered in Maya software.

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a. A light, sometimes ornamental roofed structure, used for amusement or shelter, as at parks or fairs: a picnic pavilion. b. A usually temporary structure erected at a fair or show for use by an exhibitor: the French pavilion at the World's Fair. c. The lower surface of a brilliant-cut gem, slanting outward from the culet to the girdle.

-thefreedictionary.com

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After pay a visit to the site: roof of metropolitan museum of art, I realized that there is two key element of the design site: Sightseeing and Shading.

The roof left part of the roof has a great view towards central park and is the best place to observe the skyline of Manhatten. However, due to the depth of museum building, people cannot get a good view below. To provide a better view I extend the ramp loop out of the roof garden to get a air walkway.

The right part of the roof has the right scale for activities and has a service entry. The main issue here is to solve the shading problem. I design a canopy and a cell combine with a grand stair to give people great place to have party without being burn out.

Exploded View

Section Sequenes

During the week prior to school starting, students worked on an in-house competition for a rooftop pavilion to be constructed on the rooftop of the Metropolitan Museum of Art. The MET Rooftop is famous for circulating temporary instillations on the roof. Permanently there is a bar and snack space for visitors to the roof. Students were asked to design an appropriate structure for this environment.

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Out of the thirty-eight designs, all were judged by the professors, and some were selected as successful projects. Wenda Xaio was most highly voted as the best solution to the rooftop competition. Yifan Wu, Sizhe Chen, Dane Zeiler, Bo Rin Jung, and Josef Musil were also selected as having well articulated projects.

This competition served as a great transition into the semester and a gage to rate the process that each student was currently deploying. Soon after this event students were assigned professors, either Roland, Ferda, or Winka, and started brainstorming about a master plan with teams of four. It soon became apparent that massive changes in scale required completely different techniques.

These techniques, such as bottom-up systems, provided massive productions for schematic planning.

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A solution for the Metropolitan Museum of Art rooftop garden pavilion was derived through a series of multi-use object transformations. My intention was to design an integrated surface that could provide both structure and seating sumultaneously inside and out. Design began with a simple two way bench that was mutated organically. Calculated interations of the bench allowed for variation in the design.

This organization lead me to several configurations resulting in a hybrid massing of sheltered seating and lounging areas.

Due to the spatial massing and general interaction with the structure as a place for relaxation, the bar and other outlook areas are preserved separate from the seclusive environment. The roof is therefore broken down into three specific zones: bar, shelter, and outlook. A sequential variety of experiences is not unlike the process of circulating through various galleries within the museum. To help fuse these divisions of space, surfaces have been pronounced across the roof and surrounding walls. Also, the morphology of each bench is further translated into child seating, ground lighting, end tables, and bar serving platforms. The MET bar will be seen as an all day attraction serving coffee in the morning, tea in the afternoon,and drinks late into the night.

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a. A light, sometimes ornamental roofed structure, used for amusement or shelter, as at parks or fairs: a picnic pavilion. b. A usually temporary structure erected at a fair or show for use by an exhibitor: the French pavilion at the World's Fair. c. The lower surface of a brilliant-cut gem, slanting outward from the culet to the girdle.

-thefreedictionary.com

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Winka Dubbeldam

Roland Snooks

ArticulateSurface

Ferda Kolatan

Intensive Digital Workshop Summer Program with Justin Diles

The adroit configuration of volume is fundamental and unique to architectural design. Volume, whether open or closed, is fashioned with surface.

The importance of surface to a projectâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s overall expression and organization was unapologetically stressed by Le Corbusier over a range of other possible concerns (such as structure) in Toward an Architecture.

Though this emphasis was challenged at various moments during the 20th century, the architectural surface has arguably achieved a position of even more concentrated significance today.

Released from both the revival of early modern tropes and their deconstruction, surfaces are now seen as much more than either perforated planes of cladding or transparent membranes. Over the past 15 years digital technologies for design and fabrication, the increasing use of composite materials, and the increasing availability of robotics and energy technologies have combined to make architectural exceptionally fertile territories for exploration. Surface is now seen as active and plastic element of design capable of deftly synthesizing architectural expression, organization and performance.

Contemporary architectural surfaces may be monolithic or intricate, thick or thin, literal or implied, and are likely to be complex hybrid of these qualities.

A heightened interest in surfaces does not automatically insure expertise in their design. Architects are, in fact, late-comers to the tools and technologies that make the design of complexly curved or intricate surfaces possible.

Many of the tools now commonly used by architects were first employed by the aerospace, automotive and marine design industries. Lofting, filleting, chamfering, blending, beveling, creasing and folding are all common but recent techniques in our repertoire. The first part of the workshop will focus on giving each student a command of these now essential techniques.

< Post-Professional @ Penn Design >

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Orthographic View

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PPD Digital Methods Erwei Yi

< Post-Professional @ Penn Design >

>>> Dance with me

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Winka Dubbeldam

Roland Snooks

San Juan Trip

Photography Credits: Arthur Azoulai, Winka Dubbeldam

Ferda Kolatan

< Post-Professional @ Penn Design >

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Photography Credits: Arthur Azoulai, Winka Dubbledam

< Post-Professional @ Penn Design >

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Professor Bios

Winka Dubbeldam is the principal of Archi-Tectonics NY [founded 1994] and ArchiTectonics NL [founded 1997]. Winka has lectured internationally and taught extensively at the graduate architecture programs of Columbia University, Cornell University, and Harvard University. Currently she holds the position of Director of the Post Graduate Program at PennDesign, University of Pennsylvania. She has served as a juror in international design competitions—most recently in the Architecture Biennale in Bogota, Columbia—and as the External Examiner for the Architectural Association in London. In 2010 she joined the Board of Directors of the Institute of Urban Design, New York. Winka received the “Emerging Voice” award in 2001, the IIDA/Metropolis Smart Environments Award in 2006, and in 2008 Archi-Tectonics won the design competition for a sustainable neighborhood and farmers market on Staten Island, New York City. Archi-Tectonics’ recent built work includes, among others, the 80,000sf mixed-use GW497 building in New York City, the 15-story American Loft tower in Philadelphia, the 2500sf GT residence and guesthouse in upstate New York, and the 3000sf prefabricated DUB Residence in Holland. Current projects under construction in New York City include: the nine-story residential Vestry building, the LRH mixed-use building, and a townhouse in Chelsea. Other current work includes the worldwide store design for the fashion brand PORTS1961 as well as a school in Liberia.

Ferda Kolatan is a founding partner of su11 architecture+design in New York City.

He received his Architectural Diploma with distinction from the RWTH Aachen and his MArch from Columbia University, where he was awarded the LSL Memorial Prize and the Honor Award for Excellence in Design. Ferda has taught previously at Columbia University, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, University of British Columbia, and RWTH Aachen. He is currently a Senior Lecturer at Penn Design, University of Pennsylvania.

Ferda’s work with su11 has received the Swiss National Culture Award for Art and Design and the ICFF Editors Award for ‘Best New Designer’ in 2001. The studio’s work has been exhibited nationally and internationally, at venues such as the Museum of Modern Art/PS1 in New York, the Walker Art Center, the Vitra Design Museum, Artists Space New York, Archilab Orleans, Chernikhov Prize Moscow, Art Basel, Documenta X Kassel, Siggraph, and the Carnegie Museum of Art. su11 has had their work published in the New York Times, Los Angeles Times, Washington Post, Le Monde, Architectural Design (AD), Archilab’s Futurehouse, Space, Monitor, L’Arca, Arch+, and The Metapolis Dictionary of Advanced Architecture.

Roland Snooks is a director of the experimental architecture practice Kokkugia. He holds a Masters in Advanced Architectural Design from Columbia University, where he studied on a Fulbright scholarship after graduating from RMIT University (B.Arch).

Roland teaches architecture at the University of Pennsylvania, Columbia University GSAPP and is the George Isaac Distinguished Fellow at the University of Southern California. He has previously directed design studios and seminars at the Pratt Institute, SCI-Arc, UCLA, RMIT University, and the Victorian College of the Arts. Roland’s current teaching and research interests focus on non-linear algorithmic design methodologies that engage complex systems through the development of agent-based techniques.

Roland’s work with Kokkugia has been published and exhibited internationally, including at the Beijing Biennale and Chernikhov Prize in Moscow in addition to being named the Australian Curator for the 2008 and 2010 Beijing Biennale. Kokkugia are currently working on projects in the United States and Mexico.

< Post-Professional @ Penn Design >

Contributor Bios

Francisco Javier Rodríguez Suárez is the founding Principal at r s v p architects psc and the Dean at the University de Puerto Rico School of Architecture. He was educated at the Georgia Institute of Technology, where he graduated with High Honors and won a Second Prize in the William Van Alen International Student Competition. Rodríguez studied a year at the Université de Paris before continuing his education at Harvard University’s Graduate School of Design, where he earned a Master of Architecture with Distinction in 1997 winning the American Institute of Architects Medal, the Best Portfolio Award and the Fulbright Fellowship.

Anna Georas is the coordinator of the Graduate Program of the School of Architecture, University of Puerto Rico. She graduated in 1991 with an MArchI from the Graduate School of Design at Harvard. She has practiced architecture for almost fifteen years in Puerto Rico and has been part of the Architecture School since the mid 90’s as an instructor. She is presently completing postgraduate studies in applied philosophy at the Complutense Universtiy in Madrid.

David Gouverneur received his M.Arch. in Urban Design from Harvard University (1980) and his bachelor’s degree in Architecture from the Universidad Simón Bolívar in Caracas, Venezuela (1977).

He was Chair of the School of Architecture at Universidad Simón Bolívar (1987-91) and Director of Urban Development of Venezuela (1991-96), as well as professor and cofounder of the Urban Design program and Director of the Mayor’s Institute in Urban Design at Universidad Metropolitana, in Caracas, Venezuela (1996-2008). His professional practice focuses on urban plans and projects for historic districts, rehabilitation of areas affected by extraordinary natural events, new centralities and mixed use districts, improvement of informal settlements, and tourism/recreational areas.

Ingeborg M. Rocker is a German architect and lives and works in Boston. Ingeborg received her PHD from Princeton University in 2010, her Master of Art from Princeton University in 2003, her Master›s of Science in Advanced Architectural Design from Columbia University in 1996 and her Diploma in Architecture from the RTWH Aachen, Germany in 1995. She has taught at Columbia University, Princeton University and the University of Pennsylvania. Currently she is an Assistant Professor of Architecture in the Department of Architecture at the GSD, Harvard University. She teaches Architectural Design and gives courses and seminars in the theory sequence.

Matthias Hollwich, SBA, is a registered European Architect and cofounder of HWKN and Architizer.com. HWKN’s early work, such as the Mini Rooftop NYC, MEtreePOLIS (an award-winning vision for Atlanta in 2100) and BOOM, a progressive retirement community in Palm Springs, set the firm’s trajectory to explore both radical and buildable projects that engage with the day’s most pressing social, ecological and formal discourse. The firm’s work values consumability above all else to energize architecture’s relevance in contemporary society. High minded discourse is without value if no one is looking. Bold forms combined with a strong social agenda, make each of HWKN’s projects a visual energy rush and a mental stimulus to rethink the status quo.

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New Normal Book Design by Dane Zeiler and Jeff Davis Edited by Stacie Kaplan

Our warmest thanks go out to: Francisco Javier Rodriguez, Dean of UPR and Anna Georas, Professor at UPR, who invited us to participate and organized an amazing study trip to Puerto Rico, Federico Sanchez of Interlink who sponsored not only the trip but also generously organized a tour through the site and Dean Marilyn Taylor of PennDesign, for sponsoring the additional costs for the trip. Claudia Gould of the ICA, who each year generously shares her space at the ICA in Philadelphia. Justin Diles, who gives greatly inspired digital workshops each summer, and of course our TAâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s , Todd Costain, Casey Rehm, and Hart Marlow who always are the backbone of the studio!

< Post-Professional @ Penn Design > Special thanks to our Jurors: Arch 703 Final Review December 13-14, 2010 at the ICU in Philadelphia

Day1 Matthias Hollwich Chris perry Ted Ngai Hina Jamelle Anna Georas Ezio Blasetti Dave Pigram

Day2 Joe McDonald Ingeborg Rocker Simon Kim Anna Georas Ezio Blasetti Marc Fornes Julio Salcedo

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