WORK 07 08 by University of Pennsylvania

WORK 2007/2008 UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA SCHOOL OF DESIGN DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE Detlef Mertins, Chair William Braham, Associate Chair Winka Dubbeldam, Director, Post-Professional Program David Leatherbarrow, Chair, Graduate Group in Architecture

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TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction Studios

Detlef Mertins

501 / 502 / 601 / 602 / 701 / 702 / 703 / 704 / 706

Dissertations Courses Required 511 History and Theory I 512 History and Theory II 521 Visual Studies I 522 Visual Studies II 531 Construction I 532 Construction II 533 Environmental Systems I 534 Environmental Systems II 535 Structures I 536 Structures II 611 History and Theory III 621 Visual Studies III 631 Technology Case Studies I 632 Deployable Structures 632 Simulation and Design 632 Surfaces/Effects 632 Design for Light Structures 632 High Performance Materials and Systems 632 Component Based Design 638 Building Acoustics 638 Building Skins 638 Building Systems 638 Daylighting 638 Lighting 671 Professional Practice I 672 Professional Practice II 772 Professional Practice III 811 Theory I Courses Elective 711 Spaces in Tourism 711 Spectacle / Post-spectacle 712 The Philosophy of Materials & Structures 712 The Possibilities and Limits of Architectural Representation 712 Informal Cities 712 Contemporary Japanese Architecture 712 Architecture at the Scale of Geopolitics 712 Architecture and Race 713 Ecology, Technology and Design 715 Memorials and Memory 717 Urban Dynamics 719 Archigram and its Legacy: London, a Technotopia 722 Advanced Drawing 726 Furniture Design 728 Industrial Design 731 Experiments in Structure 732 Building Systems Integration 734 Architecture & Ecology 739 Building Pathology 741 Elegance in Digital Design 741 Experiments in Design Techniques - Architextiles 743 Form and Algorithm 744 Digital Fabrication 752 Case Studies in Urban Design 762 Design and Development 765 Project Management 768 Real Estate Development 780 Architecture in the Schools Events News

INTRODUCTION: OPEN AND EXPERIMENTAL DETLEF MERTINS, PROFESSOR AND CHAIR, DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE

From its founding in 1890, architecture at Penn has emphasized the link between theoretical speculation, professional practice, and artistic expression. Our faculty are distinguished precisely by bringing these trajectories together, engendering new ways of seeing, new trajectories for imagination, and new models of practice. Our Master of Architecture program is a rigorous first degree in the field that pursues innovation in all aspects of design and construction. Taking advantage of new developments in technology and computation as well as models from science we create environments that support fuller and richer lives in settings around the world. We provide a robust academic infrastructure for students to acquire the diverse set of skills and knowledge needed for creative practice today, as well as a critical orientation to contemporary issues of culture, technology, ecology and urbanism. Our design studios foster abilities to conceptualize latent potentials and realize new cultural formations that will contribute to the coevolution of existing social and natural systems. When digital media were initially introduced in schools over a decade ago, it was at the upper levels. Now they permeate the entire curriculum as they do contemporary practice and life. Students quickly learn their powers of visualization but also their power to assemble information, analyze, integrate and simulate for improving design. They begin with initial models that may seem abstract – generated through diagrams, models from geometry or nature, and even computer scripts – and learn to incorporate all aspects of design, use and construction to develop robust architectural propositions. On the one hand, digital media have helped fuel the renewal of technique-based conceptions of design pioneered in the early twentieth century by the Bauhaus. On the other hand, digital models are now sufficiently pervasive to integrate engineering, fabrication and project management, opening new horizons for collaboration and innovation. Architecture has much to gain from the renaissance in structural and environmental engineering, material science and manufacturing. Computers also provide powerful tools for analyzing sites and developing programs. They enable students to distill ever more extensive and detailed data to understand sites physically and through less tangible dynamics of behavior and change: flows of people, energy, water, materials, goods, information, images and capital – all of which may be formative. Our curriculum addresses environmental issues through ecosystems approaches to design, simulating performance in energy and lighting, learning from nature, and confronting the political impediments to implementation. Our new certificate in Ecological Architecture guides students wishing to focus in this area. From Fish Town and West Philadelphia to the Delaware Waterfront and Center

City, studios at every level engage the potentials of community development in Philadelphia. At the same time, advanced studios engage situations abroad. Last year, student projects proposed catalytic interventions for Dhaka, Dubai, Delhi, London, Mexico City, Monterrey, Rio de Janeiro, the Dead Sea and along the US-Mexico border. Our courses, programs, certificates and dual degrees provide opportunity for students to test their interests and chart their own course within the wide world of design. Many of our graduates have appreciated this flexibility to launch themselves into hybrid and specialized careers. We foster a culture of research that mines fields of knowledge and activity beyond architecture as well as a capacity to integrate diverse (even competing) objectives through the creative process of design. Research Studios and Thesis in the final semester and our one-year Post-Professional Program (PP@PD) are the locus of advanced experimentation, pushing the boundaries of professional practice and advancing the discipline. This January we held a series of roundtables to assess our current achievements in interdisciplinary collaboration, technical innovation and social engagement, locally and globally. The event began a conversation about how architectural creativity can be harnessed even more effectively to address the full range of contemporary social needs and opportunities. To develop creativity the support system of any school requires more than academic programs, facilities, and financial resources. While these are vital ingredients, the infrastructure would be incomplete without those who occupy these spaces and deploy these resources in the spirit of an academic community. An academic community is a special kind of social experiment – open, generous but loose, not as unified as the traditional connotations of “community” can suggest. The looseness of connections seems crucial for the chemistry that makes a school productive. Great things are possible when people feel supported in exploring ideas, stretching their limits, and taking risks in the company of others doing the same. Learning to design is infinitely enriched in a social milieu disposed to welcome the anxieties of uncertain trajectories, the exhilaration of discovery and the thirst for connectivity in new directions. I want to thank all the students and faculty for making 2007/08 such a tremendous year and to extend a very special thanks to William Braham for his innumerable contributions as Associate Chair for the past five years. Thanks also to our staff – Kristine Allouchery, Valerie Beulah, Kathleen Maiorano, and Nysia Petrakis, our coordinator. This publication has only been possible through Kristine’s determined optimism and the design talents of Conny Purtill. Dean Gary Hack and his staff deserve special thanks for all their support and encouragement.

ARCH 501 DESIGN STUDIO I / FORM + OCCUPATION / RHETT RUSSO, COORDINATOR This studio introduced students to the fundamental processes of design: scale, measure, materiality, computation and fabrication. The semester focused on understanding and developing organizational strategies that are unique to natural systems and computation. Each critic investigated how ‘natural’ phenomena occur in a variety of disciplines: Biology, Material Science, Sociology, and Computation. Critical models from these disciplines were offered as avenues into studying non-linear modes of organization. The students were asked to formulate a parametric approach, one that sought to isolate phenomena into levels of interrelatedness by defining what is irreducible for any given level. Scripting, manual drawing, material studies and digital modeling were all vital tools for formulating and executing these inquiries. How might our designs benefit from the study of the relationships between things, rather than the pursuit of a single form? How do we define useful parameters in the design process; and how can a systems-based approach help us manage complexity in the design process. Through this studio students are able to gain proficiency in the following areas: the development of conceptual skills and abstract thinking; a fundamental understanding and use of diagrams; the application of geometrical and organizational strategies; proficiency in projective drawing and a fundamental use of plan and section; an awareness for the scale of space and the relationship it shares with the body; an understanding of how to assemble models, an introduction and use of the CNC machine and laser cutter; literacy with 2d software, such as Photoshop, Illustrator, and Rhino 3d modeling software; the ability to implement and communicate a building proposal that include the development of a building envelope, a structural system and a clear spatial organization. ASSIGNMENT 1: ASSEMBLY

The first project challenged the students to develop novel assemblies using playing cards. Each critic developed techniques for cataloging ‘part to whole’ relationships found within the ‘deck’ through diagramming, graphic analysis, folding, mathematical expressions, and manual algorithms. ASSIGNMENT 2: DISPLAY

The second project continued with this research in the design of an exhibition for personal mobility devices located within cell block nine of the Eastern State Penitentiary in Philadelphia. Each student reclassified the artifacts according to a variety of anthropological parameters; dimension, cultural significance, ecological benefit and construction. The challenge was to curate and design an exhibition system for 15-20 artifacts that ranged in scale, from a Segway to a Smart car. ASSIGNMENT 3: PAVILION

The third and final project involved the design of a Honey Pavilion for Fairmont Park in Philadelphia. The program is part farm and part spectacle; it challenged the students to develop a comprehensive proposal to house honeybees (the apiary) and to integrate them with public programs that include an event space, retail space, and café. The students were asked to situate the project in the wooded terrain of the park and to develop proposals that carefully considered the design of the pavilion’s envelope and structural system.

ARCH 501-1 / SRDJAN JOVANOVIC-WEISS

DING LIU, JESSICA YUBAS:

Derived from the study of artist Max Bill’s “Endless Ribbon” sculpture, our concept is that of a single, continuous line whose unconstrained movement as a whole is dependent on the natural flow and the degree of fold of each of the six distinct segments. The idea of enclosure was stimulated by understanding the construction of a hat, presented by the model in a series of spaces that are formed by the natural curve of the surface of the line, as well as the possibility of the line to extend and create new systems of enclosure. The natural condition of the line is further represented by the connection that relates the individual cards to one another, as there are no fasteners or rubber bands involved; the connection not only secures the cards but provides structure to the object in its entirety.

ARCH 501-1 / JENNY SABIN

ADAM HOSTETLER, KARLI MOLTER: This

collaborative project began with researching the biological process of the feeding cycle of two whales. A simplified binary map of the baleen filtration was developed to communicate multiple ideas including time of day, length of day, season, and feeding habits specific to each whale. The map then determined card orientation and method of attachment for two overlapping and intertwining blankets of cards, tracking the dependence of the child upon its mother.

ARCH 501-2 / JULIE BECKMAN

HAJUNG LEE: The

main concept for this exhibition was derived from a bug trapped in an amber fossil; it speaks of both the past and present. The artifacts were chosen and arranged based on their expected life span and were treated as fossils with different time lines. The membrane system was designed to house the artifacts with different density / module study. The relationship between the artifacts and membrane system is depicted as a fossil-cocoon relationship.

ARCH 501-2 / JENNY SABIN

This process began with a study of the movement of the human body in tandem with the transportation devices displayed in the exhibition. The result was an intervention that integrated itself with the Eastern State Penitentiary through a compelling manipulation of existing light and shadow conditions. Erosion of the prison system was driven by a set of rules based on set theory. Ultimately, a close study of the remaining forms was critical in forging a meandering path through the exhibited transportation artifacts and creating space for spontaneity and the naturally unplanned. THABO LENNEIYE:

ARCH 501-2 / RHETT RUSSO

The Eastern State Penitentiary is in a state of decay, as evidenced by the vertical topographies of its peeling walls and the organic infiltration of plants. The personal mobility devices in the exhibition are vehicles of change to prevent the further destruction of our ozone. I studied ecological carrying capacity in terms of carbon emission and found relative volumes per vehicle in relation to the volume of the prison. A tectonic system was generated using the idea of decay and capacity, creating a matrix of shapes and a porous screen which wraps the decayed spaces. TIFFANY DAHLEN:

ARCH 501-3 / JULIE BECKMAN

OLYA KARNATOVA: The

Honeybee Pavilion performs through a juxtaposition of two processes - the production of honey (whether human or animal) and the distribution of knowledge as well as products of this dynamic insect. The process began with research in pollination and the dynamics of insect, human and environmental interactions. To situate particular programmatic behaviors the site was reinterpreted through parametric manipulation of its extreme tendencies and adjacencies. The result emerges from feedback of information between program and site relationships.

ARCH 501-3 / RHETT RUSSO

BEE CHIMNEY SO SUGITA: The typology of the beehive served as an architectonic model for the design of the honey pavilion. Making a series plaster casts of prototypes of spatial components allowed me to realize the potential of these components as a texture on the buildingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s surface and a structural diagram for the pavilion. The same models were used to construct a wall that houses the bee boxes. For the bee house, I used smaller elements to distinguish the spaces occupied by the bees from those that housed the people. The pavilion contains two large voids: one operates as a Bee Chimney surrounded by bee boxes, open to the exterior; and the other is a three story Event Space. These elements merged with a large horizontal pond that covers the pavilion spaces underneath. The top is covered with water and stepping stones and provides an elevated landscape.

ARCH 502 DESIGN STUDIO II / BATHING SITES / ANNETTE FIERRO, COORDINATOR

The second semester of the core curriculum directs techniques, methods, and departures toward specific application in existing urban situations. The subject of study and context for the deployment of techniques is the city. Students undertake research using different analytical models that have been historically available to represent urban morphologies and extending these models through complex, dynamic representational technologies. The class is structured to allow each section to conduct autonomous investigations while sharing site and program; at regular intervals all sections come together for discussions and events through which discursive study is activated comparatively. The city can never be considered a finished and static entity. This first contention of the Architecture 502 studio relies on a definition of site that is expansive beyond the confines of defined property, embracing contexts as localized as contiguous detail, and as broadened as municipal and regional attributes. When the concept of site is expanded, its definition can never presume to be immutable: Cities change dramatically over decades and the character of individual sites can change dramatically over months—especially in eras, which like the one chosen for investigation, are characterized by rapid speculations in real estate. While every site has a past that is relatively easy to research, it also has a future to conjecture upon, risky though essential to speculate upon. This was the basis of the first analytical phase of the studio in which later more specific building proposals were posed. The second presumption of the studio’s study is that while large and small conditions are dynamic, the city’s typologies—or organizational structures of normative building—are less so. Every new architectural proposition in the city relies on codifications in legal, financial and social structures that favor continuity of existing structural modalities rather than wholesale departure from them. The work of the semester highlighted change as mutation or counterpoint of existing patterns and typologies versus a complete and total discarding of previous models. This might include housing and commercial patterns of organization versus typologies favored by building program. The specific program for the semester was a wellness center, consisting of public and private bathing sites, therapeutic facilities and a small hotel: an expanded version of the long-cherished public bathhouse that appears and reappears in many cultures. Placed in an existing site with many of its own singular definitions, this bathhouse examined in particular the radical disparities between public and private spaces with a high degree of complexity and resolution.

ARCH 502 / ANNETTE FIERRO

JASON SMITH: The

building strives to intermingle public and private by gradually collapsing these spaces into one another. The result is a gradient of public and private spaces that fill the site as a field condition. Meandering through the fractured spaces in a progression of expansion and contraction, one is simultaneously connected to the openness off the site while catching glimpses of private spaces that are tightly bound into the fabric of the site.

ARCH 502 / JULIE BECKMAN

URBAN CIRCUITRY: A BATH HOUSE: The Callowhill district of Philadelphia has a rich history, beginning as a dense urban neighborhood at the turn of the century, transitioning into an industrial hotbed post-WWII, and presently, becoming a burgeoning loft district. The bathhouse site is marked by an abandoned elevated rail line that provides an opportunity to link the isolated neighborhood to downtown Philadelphia. The bathhouse consists of a series of covered or exposed paths that wrap around the high line and swell to accommodate programâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;interior and exterior baths, a hotel, and a restaurant/cafĂŠ. Linear connectors extend from the bathhouse to meet adjacent buildings and the street, encouraging active participation among neighborhood residents and visitors alike. ANDREA HANSEN:

ARCH 502 / SRDJAN JOVANOVIC-WEISS

TIFFANY DAHLEN: In

my bath house, public intimacy is defined by adjacencies and overlaps of program separated by porous surfaces. I have created layers of intimacy, both vertically and laterally between private and public hotel and bath space. Intimacy is mediated vertically through separate circulation systems for the hotel and baths, and laterally through a structural skin. This skin not only performs the roles of structure and enclosure, but also acts as a water filtration system that purifies water as it flows down through the skin.

ARCH 502 / RHETT RUSSO

MARGAUX SCHINDLER: Gradient

layers of skin connect the ground surface to the existing Callowhill viaduct forming the bathhouse. The skin is a linkage between hotel rooms and public or private pools. Natural light filters through the exterior surface of the pools allowing the complex pattern to move across the water and walls of the hotel.

ARCH 502 / GUY ZUCKER

ADAM HOSTETLER: Initial

development is pushed to the perimeter of the site creating an immediate perception of density to instigate growth both on the site and in the surrounding community. Subsequent layers of reduced density expand into the depth of the site over time. The outermost facade serves as an X-ray of the building, layering up information about porosity, depth, program, and occupancy, as well as future growth. Offsetting structural frames layer up over time to create dynamic open spaces. Active spaces within the open areas have maximum visible depth. Inactive portions of the program get pushed into pochĂŠ between frames.

ARCH 601 DESIGN STUDIO III / ECO-TECTONICS / DETLEF MERTINS, COORDINATOR After the intensive preparation of the 500 year, 601 is the first point in the curriculum at which students work on a single project for a whole semester, and so presents the first opportunity to bring design techniques to a project of greater resolution. Each section uses a different program and formulation of studio techniques. The basic curricular objectives for the studio are the design and organizational resolution of a more complex building of 50,000-100,000 SF, including a resolved allocation of the program, circulation, and proper means of egress as well as a basic articulation of building structure, assembly, and enclosure. Each section explored one ecological-technological process, making it an explicit and integral part of the research, experimentation, and design process. This included discrete building technologies like structures, construction assemblies, environmental systems, day-lighting, energy and resource use, recycling, environmental quality, or biomimetics. It has also extended to affinities between modes of analyzing and operating within ecosystems and systemic models of analysis of organizations, economies, urbanisms and material culture, alternative economies and the cultural politics of environmentalism. In each case, some form of performance feedback was required to ground and orient the design explorations.

ARCH 601 / GISELA BAURMANN

SANCTUARY The rituals and teachings of sanctuaries, monasteries and retreats have evolved for thousands of years, elucidated by numerous enlightened minds. The fundamental philosophies were adapted to be relevant in our times. Their architectural language however often regresses to plump iconographic metaphors. The studio sought to develop an architectural answer to the rich tradition of thought and wisdom of these centers. It focused on the ritualized course of day and of activities at a sanctuary and their specific ecology. The typical day in a retreat center is characterized by an uninterrupted string of events, which ultimately has a soothing effect on the retreatantâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s mind. How could this flow, continuous and predictable, yet somewhat suggestive in its mellifluous continuity, be reflected in the architecture of a spiritual center? The studio explored crochet and the concept of creating complex geometries through the employment of a single line. Qualities specific to crochet such as its local rules, continuity of the thread and algorithmic qualities, as well as the emergence of patterns and overall shapes, were tested for their potential transposition into spatial expressions. Initial investigations into crochet led us to discover new systems for developing, organizing, and distributing spatial contexts. Using these systems, a series of programmatic loops were deployed onto the Governorâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Island site. These loops allowed moments of overlap to occur between different programs; their vertical separation caused new physical and visual dialogues to emerge. Using the site as a nesting ground, the building becomes immersed in the landscape and the inlet; the distinction between terrain and edifice become intentionally obscured. YOUNG-SUK CHOI, JOSHUA FREESE:

ARCH 601 / LAUREN CRAHAN

THICK SKINNED The relationship of two healing processes: the ecological cleansing of a toxic site and the role of architecture as an instrument for healing was the framework for the studio. Combined study of these two processes illuminated analogous characteristics and functions. We investigated the design opportunities available within these functional overlaps – places of coincidence – programmatic parallels. We sought to define the restrictions of each cleansing process to determine parameters. On a brownfield site located in the Kensington Section of Philadelphia, PA, the proposals were asked to assume the role of curing machines. How can the patient, the building, and the site be transformed? The studio investigated the dimensional thickness of enclosure and questioned the need for a singular exterior envelope. It considered possibilities for multi-layered skins as occupiable space. The location and definition of edge/boundary inscribing interior from exterior was replaced with an investigation of the field, including interior and exterior and site. How can the ecologies of both the building systems and the site be combined? Must a building have a completed boundary or can it be a temporal, changing, dissolving edge? Can the cross-pollination of building systems generate a symbiotic relationship in which two needs are met? Can the building be responsive to time, society and healthcare procedures? Exploring building systems, material innovations, and systems of remediation to brought forward design and form opportunities. Our process started by studying and constructing the deployable structure of umbrellas. These constructions were analyzed and investigated as roof and/or wall structural systems. This processes included skinning, patterning, and jointing. The wall section was drawn and asked to address issues of ecology, remediation, and building systems. The projects were asked to consider the relationship to the human epidermal [to examine protection, healing processes, perspiration as cooling and fat tissue layers as insulation] and apparel construction. The studio investigated the site, the program, and their structures, for concepts present in all three that could become architectural devices. SUCCESSIONAL PATHWAYS: A REHABILITATION CENTER FOR KENSINGTON, PHILADELPHIA LILY JENCKS: This rehabilitation center provides new density to a blighted neighborhood in North Philadelphia. A scale of residents are provided intensive in-patient care (24-hour ward) within a hospital setting, out-patient nursing care with controlled egress, and subsidized housing dispersed in the community. There are also new community amenities including commercial areas and a landscape where terracing allows for designated bio-remediation areas or community gardens. While acting as a type of boundary, the building skin aims to break down divisive barrier conditions by engaging with the ground and providing a layering of thresholds between inside and outside. In some cases, this skin can be occupied, grow plants and act as a veil – camouflaging this undesirable program. The building layout and skin conditions are organized according to orientation (for sun and seed catchments) and programmatic requirements.

ARCH 601 / SCOTT ERDY

PERMACULTURE Permaculture principles focus on thoughtful designs for small-scale intensive systems that are labor efficient and use biological resources instead of fossil fuels. Designs stress ecological connections and closed energy and material loops. The core of permaculture is design and the working relationships and connections between all things. Key to efficient design is observation and replication of natural ecosystems, where designers maximize diversity with polycultures, stress efficient energy planning for houses and settlement, using and accelerating natural plant succession, and increasing the highly productive “edgezones” within the system. The focus of our studio was the environmental/sustainability potential of architecture. Using site and building systems as an armature for expression, we investigated the relationship between architectural form and purpose: how building makes present (re-presents) both place and function. The goal for the semester was the high-level resolution and development of an architectural project, using the tectonics of building to express the relationship between architecture and its environment. Our semester project was the creation of a self-producing, independently functioning east coast facility for the Lama Foundation. This facility is to be an urban prototype for regenerative social/ecological development. LAMA FOUNDATION [CENTER FOR SOCIAL REHABILITATION] DAVID ETTINGER: The interests of the Lama Foundation provide a solution to the current social dilemma that exists in West Philadelphia. The foundation will introduce concepts of permaculture and provide an example of what it means to live a low-consumption life. The Center takes those who have left the community to spend time in America’s correctional programs and gives them a temporary home and an opportunity to experience ways in which they can become positive members of their community. The Center seeks to engage people in the community and use them as catalysts for change. Those who once had a negative impact can now become role models and provide knowledge to the youth, changing the atmosphere of West Philadelphia.

ARCH 601 / ANNETTE FIERRO

UTOPIA.PHILLY Sustainability has always carried with it a desire for ideal usage, ideal behavior, ideal systems of cyclical organization to minimize and maximize resources found in nature. Indeed it was environmentalists who founded ’biomimetism,’ granting to nature the ultimate organizational ideal. From the 1860’s onward, “sustainable” endeavors have also been associated—for better or worse—with utopian undertakings, which imply different measures of societal conjecture and speculations in reformative governance in the return to a pastoral past. The notion that behavior is often as important as morphology and material, is embedded within current philosophies and practices of sustainability. As its central speculation, this studio attempted the design of a utopian community, to be located somewhere in central Philadelphia. ‘Utopia’ was defined as a more-or-less sustainable community where buildings, resources and their use are balanced according to a set of influences and often conflicting parameters set by individual desires and community standards. These were all-encompassing, addressing food, waste, employment, and transportation as well as architecture. These standards were at the heart of the studio; they defined cooperative models of usage and checks of various resources met throughout the design process. Standards and their compliance were defined through negotiation by the studio-at-large through a process of democratic protocol, to include options for arguable variance. PHILATOPIA Live on a farm . . . downtown. Inspired by the ways that nature can coexist with human construction, this project integrates housing and vertical farming with existing modernist office buildings in Center City Philadelphia. Sun exposure determined the location of gardens and housing which are attached to the office buildings. Irrigated with gray water, garden walls run between residences and offices to create privacy and purify office air. ALEX MULLER:

ARCH 601 / PHU HOANG

EXTREME CLIMATES: METEOROLOGY AND POLITICS IN THE DESIGN OF A MUSEUM OF ENERGY The studio explored new paradigms of interaction among ecological, architectural and socio-political configurations. The studio began with the premise that faced with the reality of the dwindling global sources of oil, contemporary nations are increasingly forced to seek renewable sources of energy to meet their growing needs. Political boundaries, policies, and alliances will shift along with these new energy supply lines. These changes will occur at multiple scales, from global networks to local micro-borders. We asked the questions: How is architecture implicated in - and how might it in turn shape - the new political paradigms? Can architects generate innovative and progressive spatial responses to the constraints of extreme climates - both meteorological and political? The program and vehicle for addressing these critical questions was a Museum of Energy. Students were given two site options, both characterized by “extreme” conditions of weather, politics, and border disputes. The first site was along the border dividing Israel, Jordan, and the Palestinian Territory in the Dead Sea. The second site was along the US / Mexico border in El Paso, Texas. The Museums of Energy highlighted renewable energy technologies, and included facilities to research these technologies as well as infrastructure to provide for the museum’s own energy needs. The proposals developed conceptual strategies out of the organizational and technical capacities of the renewable energy technologies. YOSUKE KAWAI: The

Power of Ten museum is founded on the principal of reconciling a political stalemate with tourist and environmental research activities. The Dead Sea border region between Israel and Jordan is at the center of a global conflict—with wide-ranging implications in regional water politics as well as international politics. The museum occupies sites that are created as the Dead Sea waters recede. The receding waters have created fields of sinkholes that are causing extensive environmental and infrastructural damage. The design of the museum capitalizes upon this crisis by submerging the museum’s galleries into the sinkholes—engaging with them as part of the exhibitions as well as the research sites for renewable energy resources. Both the museum and the sinkhole fields will become destinations for tourists and researchers alike.

ARCH 601 / FERDA KOLATAN

MARINE SCIENCE CENTER (MSC): BIONIC ARCHITECTURE/CO-EVOLVING ENVIRONMENTS “Bionics (also known as biomimetics, biognosis, biomimicry, or bionical creativity engineering) is the application of methods and systems found in nature to the study and design of engineering systems and modern technology.” —Wikipedia Technology is in the process of becoming increasingly natural. Design and fabrication techniques often evoke or reference methods akin or equal to biological/chemical processes. Intelligent building materials have begun to productively mine the benefits found in natural systems, which have evolved to adapt perfectly to their environments. This studio’s premise was to develop design strategies, which investigate the potentials of a bionic approach towards the design of a Marine Science Center located on the Hudson River in New York City. This program is particularly well suited to be explored towards an organic organization, reciprocally connected to its environment rather than a single intervention within the city. The students approached this project through three different scales, which were developed simultaneously yet distinctly in response to their specific set of constraints. The first scale dealt with urban and infrastructural issues, while the second one engaged the actual building scale. Finally, the third scale zoomed further in thus allowing the students to look into material and building technologies and how these can become more integral and informative to the lager design concept. The final proposals were then generated through a careful connection of all individual parts to create a coherent whole, which maintained its bionic character across scales and formed a complex ecology within which all building functions manifest themselves via adequate yet novel forms of architecture. KYU HO CHUN: The

development of this project is to transform the industrial west side into a leisure and park zone with numerous outdoors and sports activities. Indigenous plants such as Brazilian Water Ivy, English Winter Ivy, and Johnson Grass are planted on the building’s skin to regenerate fresh oxygen for the site and reduce cooling and heating load for the building. Stored tank water collected as rain or snow from the skin is used to provide water to vegetation growing on the skin and in the surrounding site. Collected water is recycled for optimizing the temperature condition of the building instead of using air conditioning. Solar panels block out heat and unnecessary daylight, absorb and collect energy from the sun, and convert it into electricity in order to maintain the generative power in the building at night. The slope of the structure in the glazing system would be optimized to maximize collection of solar energy at different hours and during different seasons.

ARCH 602 DESIGN STUDIO IV / INTEGRATED DESIGN / FERDA KOLATAN, COORDINATOR Current technological advances in software development, material intelligence and digital fabrication combined with novel construction techniques have begun to define a new synergy in architecture. More than just another step in technological progression this development heralds radical changes within the construction industry. In order to comprehend and evaluate our position within this transformation a series of progressive yet critical questions become relevant ranging from the practical to the conceptual. How has the development of digital tools provided a common platform for the convergence of design disciplines (architecture, engineering, etc.) regarding information flow during project development? What impact does this have on the nature of â&#x20AC;&#x153;integrative design,â&#x20AC;? which was traditionally understood as the mere layering of largely autonomous technologies/systems into a functional and coherent whole? What are the specific issues and benefits for architecture practice in using integrated software packages such as BIM (Building Information Modeling) and building simulation tools? The new technologies have created yet another important point of intersection. Design generated through abstract algorithms and dynamic/parametric setups results in increasingly complex geometries and non-linear models. The ensuing designs often display a high degree of difference, which at times may interfere with notions of optimization and performance enhancement. How can design strategies that rely on redundancy become sufficiently robust to address all aspects of building? Is it conceivable that the new digital tools can simultaneously bridge and connect aspects of optimization and difference in order to create a truly novel design expression? 602 Integrative Design Studio investigates these questions through a unique studio setup that emphasizes collaboration with experts in the field of design, engineering and manufacturing. Outside consultants are invited to guide the students through their design process via a series of events such as reviews, lectures and workshops. The goal is to create a practice oriented atmosphere within which innovative design ideas can be researched, tested and implemented.

ARCH 602 / FERDA KOLATAN CONSULTANTS: ONUR GUN, KPF; MATTHEW CLARK, OVE ARUP & PARTNERS; JON MORRISON, CVM ENGINEERS

2010 EXPO PAVILION This studio explored contemporary techniques and technologies towards a novel definition of what constitutes a truly responsive design system and applied it towards the development of a pavilion for the upcoming Expo 2010 in Shanghai. The students familiarized themselves with parametric software (GC) that allowed for intricate relational setups, thus introducing a unique way of controlling the design process both technically and conceptually. This approach is particularly well suited for the integration of multiple design aspects towards a more coherent and adaptive overall model. The development of these systems evoked principles usually found in natural organizations. Nonlinearity, feed-back and co-evolution are all terms describing complex yet organic processes leading to material aggregation and structural patterns. In the long tradition of Expo innovations, the studio developed unprecedented design strategies, which engaged this notion in rigorous yet supple ways. OPTICAL ILLUSION The Pavilion places two opposite themes in juxtaposition: reality and illusion. The structure and roof surface are generated by GC components. By understanding its behavior through rigorous studies, we controlled them in a precise way to present the transformative quality of the components through the entire system. It was possible to create a non-uniform system and achieve smooth transition from two-dimensional to threedimensional condition. Architectural design qualities are not only revealed by the overall shape of the building but also expressed through its structure, systems, and material. HYUNJOON CHO, JAEYOUNG LEE:

ARCH 602 / HINA JAMELLE STUDIO SUPPORTED BY ARUP AND DUPONT CONSULTANTS: DAVID SCOTT AND MATT JACKSON, ARUP; JOHN SAGRATI AND TREVOR KING, DUPONT

SCALER SHIFTS: TRANSFORMATIONS FOR A MIXED USE BUILDING IN CHELSEA, NYC This studio examined emergence and its relation to the formulation of architecture by using digital techniques in an opportunistic fashion for the generation of growth and evaluation of patterns in the development of form. Digital techniques allowed us to deal with the full complexity of material systems that lead to effects that are greater than the sum of their parts. This studio also examined organizations that are highly integrated formal and spatial systems that operate the same as organic systems where the forms result from their adaptation to performance requirements; in our case the structure, inhabitable surfaces and enclosure. Achieving an integrated whole entails the refinement of spatial and structural organization and the integration of building systems, including stairs, structure and skins inflecting and adapting to each other providing an overall intelligence of fabrication and assembly. The overall ambition for the studio was to design a building with continuous change in building form using scaler shifts in formal and component variation. We explored the potentials of different experiential change incorporating various mixed use programs for a building located in the gallery district of Chelsea in New York City. ANDREW GIERKE, ANGELA SPADONI: After

studying how the characteristics of copper transform from heavy and massive to thin, smooth and continuous, to jagged and layered; a building was designed to use these attributes to complement the function of the space. This allowed for a transition between accessible public gallery spaces to embedded private offices. Bordering the highline, the building allowed landscape elements to cut though the building to street level, also creating slits of light and landscape within the building itself. To allow for both smooth, flowing surfaces and sharp edges the building construction used steel columns and concrete floor slabs with a spray on concrete exterior shell to allow for a fluid transition between the different characteristics.

Structural Model

ARCH 602 / WILLIAM BRAHAM CONSULTANT: DAN NALL, SENIOR VP, FLACK AND KURTZ ASSISTANT: JACKIE WONG

NET ZERO: ECOLOGICAL URBAN DWELLING How green can we make an urban dwelling? Contemporary standards of dwelling require a remarkably luxurious flow of energy and resources to enable everything from ready comfort to rapidly prepared food to the pulsing streams of information and entertainment. This studio examined the dwelling-as-a system-of-exchanges, investigating both the techniques of environmental building and the design methods by which they are achieved. The challenge of ecological design is to attain such luxurious flows of power with “net zero” impact, to balance luxury, efficiency, and effect. The studio followed a broadly biomimetic approach to the project, studying housing typologies and their variations at one scale, and the corresponding varieties of selective or variable skins at a smaller scale. Radical techniques of variation and hybridization were used with rigorous performance analysis to develop and refine project proposals. THE PHILLY FLEX DWELLING BRANDON DONNELLY, BRIDGET SCHMELTZER: Our

project began through re-evaluating personal living space and asking the question: how much space does one need to live? The Flex Dwelling Lifestyle grew out of this question and is predicated on two ideas: reducing unit sizes to only what is “necessary” and offering diverse and expansive public amenities. We view these principles as a tool to optimize one’s private and public lifestyle. The residential units begin as 100 square foot modules that can be expanded through coupling to meet the needs of various residents, including couples. Outside the units, the public spaces include an eco-gym, eco-laundry facility, public garden space, and dedicated study space. By optimizing the use of the units and public-amenities, we went a step further by optimizing the performance of our building: instead of optimizing the building type we wanted to optimize a new type of building.

ARCH 602 / BRIAN PHILLIPS CONSULTANT: JON AN, ATELIER TEN

The contemporary urban context is multi-layered, multi-scalar and highly flexible. Its fluidity is fueled by transportation, media, and personal telecommunications that create a coincidence of emerging and receding networks. These conditions challenge the traditional notion of context as having a specific geographic boundary. The studio took this position as its point of departure. Proposals were guided by each student’s re-reading of an active, highly connected urban shopping mall site. The Gallery Mall in Philadelphia was a key element of the Planning Commission’s mid-century re-shaping of Center City. While the original intention was to develop transparency between infrastructure and program the result was an opaque inward-looking structure. The shopping mall sits above one of the busiest train stations in Philadelphia. The studio re-considered the full extent of the mall (both horizontally and vertically) and looked to transformative operations that strike new and renewed relationships to the local, regional, and global contexts. The addition of new housing was the device through which programmatic intensification and diversification were explored.   AGGRESSIVE RE-SURFACING VAHIT KEMAL MUSKARA, PEPE RUIZ, KIRSTEN SHINNAMON: The

Market East Gallery Mall hovers above several strategic transit lines, including two subway stations and one regional rail station, and sits aside four cross-town bus lines. While maintaining the unique chaos of the site, we propose to integrate undergraduateand graduate-student housing into the top two levels of the existing structure. This specific program user group—students—can thrive atop the disorder while plugging into regional access of major universities. By carefully shaving away the existing building and gradually adding back to the structure, we can incorporate other supporting programmatic functions, like a fitness center, cafes, and outdoor space that may be used by all users, both university-affiliated and the general public. Strategically organized “strips” of program run laterally atop the current building, folding down into the existing structure and up into new housing units. A new promenade level is developed and facilitates direct exterior public circulation from Market Street below. The creation of this large public space (an urban campus quadrangle) encourages interaction between the residents and the public, between interior and exterior zones, and most importantly, between student residents from many universities. Finally, the housing units aggregate to the eastern side of the site, taking advantage of the existing mall structure and creating private, more dorm-like spaces for students.

ARCH 602 / SHAWN RICKENBACKER SPECIAL THANKS GOES TO: GARY HACK; DETLEF MERTINS; GREG OTTO, BURO HAPPOLD; MATTHEW JOHNSON, SIMPSON GUMPERTZ & HEGER; MATERIAL CONNEXION NYC; MERCURY PHOENIX TRUST; MILTON CURRY, ORBIT HOLDINGS + CORNELL UNIVERSITY

HUMBLE EXTREMES: HEALTH CLINIC AND COMMUNITY CENTER, CAPE TOWN (KHAYELITSHA TOWNSHIP), SOUTH AFRICA SPONSORED BY THE MERCURY PHOENIX TRUST AND U. PENN. SCHOOL OF DESIGN ALUMNI. The expanding field of Relief Design is providing the worldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s design community with a provocative catalog of architectural, industrial, and personal products that serves a broad range of modern, social and economic concerns while challenging precepts of human and environmental resource use. Additionally it is considered to be one of the most rapidly developing fields of expertise that will work toward resolving world issues such as population growth, urbanization, settlement and world health. The Humble Extremes studio guided by an interest in relief design focused on the development of adaptive building systems using the concept of fractals as well as synchronized geometry. This focus was coupled with research into industrial refuse as well as technologically advanced materials with affordable cost ratios such as high strength, high density plastics. Extensively researched materials were ultimately selected for their ability to effectively respond to widely varying degrees of technological, social, economic and cultural conditions associated with construction in the region. The further development of these newly created material-building systems were envisioned to compensate for information and construction technique disparities that are inevitable to relief building and arise from varying degrees of access to capital, and materials. Lastly the studioâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s work also served as an examination of assumed advanced design and building techniques and considered their effectiveness when countered by regional / local building practices and economic constraints. Practical and speculative design research was encouraged to arrive at the development of a hypothetical building information modeling system for projects of similar circumstances. TINA HSIAO, SOO YON HWANG, ELIAS PADILLA: Taking

advantage of the newly extended railroad, our easily accessible project seeks to fully utilize the advantages of customized prefabrication techniques in creating a unique icon within the fabric of Khayelitsha. Beyond a modern health clinic, the program also includes a daycare and public library. The most prominent feature is a covered outdoor space for community gatherings as well as daily and weekend markets for area residents. Informed by an intense study of fractal geometries, the form combines structural efficiency with the efficiencies of prefabrication.

ARCH 602 / DAVID RUY CONSULTANTS: MATTHEW MELNYK, BURO HAPPOLD; SARAH WEIDNER AND MAURA ROCKCASTLE, FIELD OPERATIONS

XANADU noun ( pl. -dus) used to convey an impression of a place as almost unattainably luxurious or beautiful : three architects and a planner combine to create a Xanadu. —The New Oxford American Dictionary, 2nd edition A neglected typology, the contemporary casino is a monstrosity of democratic capitalism. Denigrated and vilified for its questionable scruples, the casino is nonetheless an extreme manifestation of the opportunities afforded by our economic framework that is rooted in mediated consumption. In this reprobate typology, the primacy of sensation coupled with brazen economic opportunism has delivered a set of design principles that might seem criminal if it wasn’t so natural to our cycles of useless consumption. In targeting the casino as its subject of investigation, projects examined the complex cultural and economic settings in which it flourishes and scrutinized its fascinating and sometimes bizarre uses of architectural organization. Rather than reject the casino outright as kitsch and banal, projects looked to transform this type through an intensification of its very principles—its ease with the conditioning of artificial environments, the production of endless interiorities, the incorporation of miniature urbanisms, and most strange, the inversion where sensations take priority over tectonics. ECO-SINO DAVID ETTINGER, ADAM FENNER, JOHNNY LIN: The

project develops a fluid architectural language in concert with radical structural and mechanical systems— spaces and mechanisms co- evolve. While developing a coherent fusion with a diversified landscape, the fluidity of the architectural form also comes into a relationship with the fluidity of the interiorized environmental conditions. Literal mass runs in parallel to thermal mass. The radical pragmatics of the building systems simultaneously operates as the spectacle of the casino. Mechanized bladders expand and contract with the daily fluctuations of atmospheric pressure at the site, allowing the building to inhale and exhale once per day. In addition to developing controlled environments through alternative means, the microclimates extend the range of sensations to the extremes of experience.

ARCH 701 DESIGN STUDIO V / ADVANCED ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN / ALI RAHIM, COORDINATOR During this semester, students are able to choose from among a range of studios offered on topics selected by the instructors.

ARCH 701 / ALI RAHIM

NESTED URBANISMS, DUBAI, UAE Nested Urbanism incorporated the most far-reaching digital techniques that develop different degrees of nested mutations in the rapidly growing field of “designed urbanism”. Designed Urbanism resists the pre-determined master plan, which is followed by individual designed buildings, and argues that in rapidly growing cities such as in China and the UAE, architects are increasingly involved at earlier and earlier stages in the design of new development. Such projects presented an unprecedented mandate to incorporate infrastructure with diverse building form and open spaces to create the diversity of the city while supplying it with the cohesive vision of an architect. The site for exploration was in Dubai, UAE where the planning and negotiation of a new city center is underway. The purpose of the new city center is to shift the focus of the current city center away from the ocean towards the desert. The area of the site is reasonable in scale and incorporates the development of high rises and parks that will negotiate the migrating terrain of Dubai. We developed collective knowledge and design techniques by traveling to Dubai and collaborating with the University of Sharjah in addition to intense workshops in Philadelphia. The hybridization of knowledge gained from both of these experiences yielded a new form of urbanism that will speculate and contribute to the recent phenomenon of ‘designed urbanism.’ URBAN FABRIC The urban fabric is designed as a nested urban environment to become an alternative to the current development of Dubai. It integrates different qualities creating various spatial potentials for different requirements of an urban-space. Scalar shifts occur through different rates of transformation of various qualities throughout the urban fabric. The project integrates the design of infrastructure, landscape and architecture while creating continuous spatial organization and providing a large amount of variation. ISIK ULKUN NEUSSER:

ARCH 701 / MATTHIAS HOLLWICH

ECONIC KNOWLEDGE INTERCHANGE The Econic Studio aimed to develop a building that is an initiator for a new consciousness in society. The building was envisioned as a seed for Rio de Janeiro’s initiative to become the greenest city on earth. The design was based on ecological findings that turn into an attractor and infrastructure for ecological knowledge generation and communication; a building that is in tune with its urban and natural context generating clean air and providing its surrounding with energy rather than abusing the context and poisoning it by burning fuel and wasting material. The site is located in Brazil, in the heart of Rio de Janeiro at the location of the former art academy. Embedded in dense urban context, the site is equally attractive to locals and visitors. This urban location required an integrated response to renew its urban environment and act as a seed for the Green Rio movement. The architectural DNA will need to go beyond sustainability to establish a vision for innovative regenerative building solutions. The studio did not call for a building that is ecological in every sense, but for ways of thinking that show a range of potential. Ideas and solutions established a speculative vision for the future. As an initial inspiration, a multitude of opportunities were considered. Possible categories include simulated ecosystem, adapted nature, living technologies, added eco-machines, growing structures, pollinating energy, and materials as nutrient. Living under the shadow of Brazil’s modernist growth strategies, the existing model for the city of Rio de Janeiro is akin to the image of the impotent human figure shackled within the iron lung: extended life within an environment devoid of pleasure. Taking a cue from the uncompromising ability of environmental forces to restore man’s rationalized systems of order into more complex natural systems, enters RoJo: biologically-engineered, colonizing, seductive, productive, and protective. RoJo restores cycles of food, water, and air movement as it grows throughout the city. They think in terms of prevention. RoJo thinks in terms of adaptation. JONATHAN KOWALKOSKI, ROBERT MAY:

ARCH 701 / ZIAD JAMALEDDINE AND NAJI MOUJAES

DIS-ORIENTALISM: ARAB CULTURAL CENTER, WASHINGTON, DC The studio focused on the design of an Arab Cultural Center in Washington, D.C. with two objectives: i) programmatic, exploring the relationship between Architecture and Culture and ii) political, examining the inherently problematic definition of an Arab Culture in D.C. Students were asked to select ‘documents’ as allegorical references to assist them formulate an attitude. Among the readings: a multifaceted interpretation of a 14thc miniature, a suspension of borders through the 17thc travel diaries of Ibn-Battuta, and mapping of spaces of resistance in colonized Casba from “Battle of Algiers”. Accrued proposals demonstrated critical readings of the building’s program reflecting on the mobility and amalgamation of Culture(s). Sub-programs were alloyed to the institution: an oral history recording center or a ‘shadow’ duplicate cultural program questioned the established authority of the institution. Some proposals tackled universal issues: control, surveillance, and censorship by tectonically creating blind spots, echo zones, or a visual apparatus that either disrupts the DC urban clarity or dislocates its monuments. Other proposals questioned the typology by claiming the impossibility of representing a Culture in Architecture. While one project transformed the building into a mechanical garden of martyrs’ memorials, another depressed the structure to a subterranean archive for fabricated artifacts. This project began with an investigation of traditional Arab miniature painting, specifically how these works represented both space and activity. 0Extracted from this study was an understanding of spatial organization and division within a typical Arab home. The meeting place, or majlis, of the house became the grounds for an idea about program where the building became a collection of four lobbies. Playing on the etymological origins of the term “lobbyist”, the building serves as a forum for political interest groups to express their ideas. Each of the four lobbies is designed to accommodate four different types of political interest groups, each with different agendas. ANDREW RUGGLES:

ARCH 701 / PETER MCCLEARY AND ALI MALKAWI ASSISTANTS: MOHAMAD AL KHAYER, YUN KYU YI, AND CONSULTANT, VICTOR MARQUEZ

The focus of this studio was the design of an airport terminal for a low cost airline sited in the flat, hot, desert area of Monterrey, Mexico. The program and general spatial disposition was based on a terminal designed by architect Victor Marquez. Computer generated data on the physical conditions expected at the site was confirmed by a visit to observe the final stages of construction of Marquezâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; Monterrey airport terminal. On the same visit, students observed the design proposals of a parallel studio, with the same program, held at the Tec (University) de Monterrey, taught by architect Eduardo Ramirez. The overall task was to design an efficient structure that used appropriate regional building technologies, and a building envelope that responded (active and passive) to the local conditions and needs (e.g. climate, light, acoustic, wind, maintenance, and sustainability). Several aspects of the proposed building physics (light, heat, wind, and structure) were examined by computer simulation and the design proposal modified to achieve efficiencies. Final architectural presentations included the above simulation analyses, physical models, and computer generated investigations of space planning issues. LOW-COST AIRLINE TERMINAL: MONTERREY, MEXICO DAVID SCHWEIM: This airport terminal was designed through a methodology environmental analysis and simulation, focusing on lessening the energy load requirements of the building and on the autonomous creation of energy by harnessing the climactic and site potentials. The consistent eastern prevailing winds were harnessed and controlled by the airfoil form of the terminalâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s airside. The profile of the terminal increased the wind speed at the highest elevation of the form, allowing for greater energy production by wind turbines. This form was also used to ventilate and cool the internal spaces, thus reducing cooling loads.

ARCH 701 / HOMA FARJADI WITH RUBENS AZEVADO

LONDON PROGRAM: ART / SITES - TRANSFORMATIONAL GEOGRAPHIES OF COOL LONDON Spatial effects of art in the city are not limited to physical design and intentional public development. Active temporal occupations of the city by operations and practices of art production, exhibition and sale often find discrete mappings and alternative geographies. Cool London, In or hip London or other counter cultural notations of territories work in parallel or even contrary to the planned city. Whereas one produces real estate value, the other is dependent on affordable space. Where one wants accommodating architecture, the other looks for alternative spatial set up to work beside the norm, against the grain. In London the areas of Chelsea, Soho, Notting Hill, Clerkenwell and, more recently, Hoxton Square, Hackney and Bethnal Green are reminders of these moving targets of art in the development of the cultural and spatial cool in the city. The studio analyzed the operative geography of these sites producing dynamic models for their historic and current developments in East London. The students followed Graffiti art, alternative markets, young and alternative fashion, cheap rent, working through sites of immigrant cultures, disused sites of industry and infrastructure in the city. The potential of abject sites and architecture was discovered in their alternative contiguities with noise, dilapidation, poverty, crime and the unkept throwaway and finally in affinity of strategies of un-design with sites of cool in the city. THIS IS NOT SPACE JACOB NICOLL-STOLTZFUS: In

order for spaces of overt desire and attraction to exist, there must also exist spaces of non-desire. While it might appear that “cool” is generated by the simple presence of desire, it actually requires the dynamic interaction between the two types of contradictory spaces. Thus, Clerkenwell’s seemingly monotonous urban scale is redeemed by the existence of multiple counter-sites at smaller scales – the neighborhood, street, building, and even room – within which the dynamic relationship between desire and non-desire becomes apparent. Using the framework or Surrealist techniques, “This is Not Space” explores the characteristics of these counter-sites as a method to illuminate the otherwise obscure appeal of Clerkenwell.

ARCH 701 / ENRIQUE NORTEN WITH DAVID MAESTRES

Mexico City presents us with a context whose complexity and diversity challenges any logical way of reading and understanding a city and its problems. “Regarding Mexico City, Nestor Garcia Canclini traces the origins of three main processes that prompted the restructuring of urban spaces up to the last decade of the century: economic recession and the subsequent loss of hope for betterment among the city’s inhabitants; the shrinking of industry and the concomitant growth of informal and illegal economies; and an increase in violence”. The great mass of people and extension of Mexico City generates the perfect ground for an urban intricacy that is constantly facing housing, infrastructure, transportation and environmental problems. Within this context, the delegation of Xochimilco provides us with a unique set of variables and problems of a social, cultural, urban, and architectural nature. On the one hand, the Chinampas and the Canals still provide a very fertile ground for both, the harvesting of goods and the revival of the ancient city from pre-Hispanic times. On the other hand, it is a context with serious air and water pollution problems, with scarce hazardous waste disposal facilities and with a poverty level up to 40%. The main goal of the studio was to merge into one or several design solutions an innovative program that introduces a contemporary way of understanding the environment. The program should establish a strong relationship with the context where it sits, so it re-positions the visitor and the existing natural elements onto a new platform. The core of the program was meant to foster modes of interaction, education and exploration within and for the area. In addition, the students were encouraged to respond with design solutions that promoted flexibility and growth. SO JUNG LEE, JONATHAN FOGELSON: As

Mexico City continues its rapid urbanization, the sustainability of the large urban center becomes an ever greater issue. One of the great challenges for the urban area is the provision of a reliable and safe water supply. The site, Xochimilco, is located south from Mexico City and raises three main issues with respect to water: 1) over-population; 2) lack of water and land subsidence problems due to the declining level in the Aquifer; and 3) wastewater treatment and reuse. Our project proposes a self-sufficient water system, collecting, cleaning and recycling the wastewater from the communities to address these problems.

PP@PD [POST-PROFESSIONAL PROGRAM AT PENNDESIGN / ARCH 703 WINKA DUBBELDAM, DIRECTOR, WITH BITTOR SANCHEZ-MONASTERIO AND PETER ZUSPAN TERMINAL // SUPER-SATURATION Pure information, efficiency and lifestyle. This studio focused on the spatial effects of globalization for the cultural development of the exploding metropolis in India. Asia—as it has moved through its boom in the early nineties and collapsed during the consequent economic crisis in 1997—is now ready to level out into a new growth spurt and a new lifestyle. Where China focused on a late industrial revolution, India focused on electronic and technological developments. Now it is critical for Asian society to redevelop and facilitate the negotiation with its cultural past into a new synthetic cultural base. A NEW HYBRID TERMINAL BUILDING, DOWNTOWN DELHI The studio focused on the design of a new hybrid terminal building in downtown Delhi. This terminal will host living, shopping, working and entertaining intermixed uses as well as allowing its users to connect with the city’s fabric, permitting mobility and data flows to operate at a higher level of efficiency. The coexistence of all these actions into one continuous time/spatial architectural node encourages a new social arrangement and, more importantly, a new lifestyle. One of the primary provoking factors of this fast growing social phenomenon is that India is moving beyond its traditional casts system; as a result, the apparition of a new middle class population mass requires a structural change. Indian citizens, more than ever, are encouraged to commute within a network of cities in their regular work basis, promoting a global existence, facilitating ‘being at home’ in every city. The studio used Delhi as a paradigm of urban future evolution needs. INFORMED: MEDIA CITY QI TIAN: I chose this issue as my design theme because of the rapid development of India’s media industry which is experiencing a remarkable growth in the availability of information. At the same time, it creates a remarkable problem. Despite rapid development, the penetration of information is still low, especially in rural areas and among lower social levels. In reaction to the present situation, my strategy mainly focuses on how to make information accessible and distributed in a fair and effective way.

Generally speaking, there are three key concepts driving my project forward: the design of a basic component responding to the new lifestyle emerging in this era of the Internet; the

set up of an overall building system developed not only to accommodate all the present components, but to also provide certain potentials to adapt people’s future demands; and, finally, concerns with my personal response to the site in Delhi.

PP@PD / ARCH 703

HY-FARM: ROBOTIC LIVING KI MYUNG KIM: Delhi is the second largest and the fastest growing city in India; its decennial growth of population was 46.31%. Because of its fast population growth, there are shortages of job opportunities, food, housing and land. Central District/Old Delhi has historically had the greatest problems of all. It is the poorest, most densely populated, least green area, with much illegal housing that have no utility services, resulting in serious environmental pollution in all areas, including the agricultural areas within the city. Hy-Farm will help to stabilize the cityâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s economy, negotiating between agriculture and its services. Hy-Farm will accommodate hydroponic farms, commercial centers, institutions, residences, and public mass transit hubs to respond to cultural, economical, and social aspects of India. It will operate as independent living since it will serve Delhiâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s basic needs, including food, jobs and low-income housing.

ARCH 704 DESIGN STUDIO VI / RESEARCH STUDIO / ALI RAHIM, COORDINATOR In this final design studio, students are able to choose from among a range of research agendas offered by leading figures in the field, developing trajectories that redefine the discipline of architecture. In spring 2008, Research Studios topics ranged from algorithmic design to hybridization, ecologicaleconomic development, the generative potential of effects in drawings, and extreme variation for new aesthetics.

ARCH 704 / ALI RAHIM

INNOVATION IN ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN: BEYOND TECHNIQUE TO AESTHETICS. Cultural and technological innovations establish new status quos and updated platforms from which to operate and launch further innovations to stay ahead of cultural developments. Design research practices continually re-invent themselves and the techniques they use to guide these innovations. Techniques may be derived through practice over the course of time, or they may be borrowed from other disciplines. It is crucial for architects to identify those disciplinary or technological trajectories that have potential for yielding new horizons and directives. Technological advances lead to the evolution of new devices, social organizations, and modes of leisure and work, which give rise to new techniques. Crossing between disciplines and spheres results in inventive techniques for new collaborative, multidisciplinary, and networked practices that rethink the financing, design, and constructing of architecture. Techniques borrowed from other spheres, can assist architecture practices to become more synthetic, seamlessly integrating the design, testing, and manufacturing of material formations. Techniques that have already been set in motion, such as dynamical systems and other open source software programs were mined for all their potential. For example, we explored the development of new plug-ins for scripting to change attributes within dynamical systems, write new expressions or change existing expressions in the form of computer scripts. In effect, changing the capacity of software to develop new techniques for the design and manufacturing of architecture were explored. Each student developed his/her own sensibility for variation through scripting techniques. The goal for each student was to use extreme variation to produce unprecedented architecture and apply these to a range of familiar architectural issues. JISUK LEE: Seduction

is about visually enticing someone with a certain kind of aesthetic expression. The aesthetic expression of this project is defined as â&#x20AC;&#x153;voluptuousnessâ&#x20AC;? conveyed by undulating lines and surfaces; the aesthetic is expressed by transformations between each component and behaviors of their arrangements. Accumulation of smaller components creates intricacy that transforms as a larger whole, maintaining a richer effect than as individual units. This project proposes a shopping mall with art performance facilities including a cinema, playhouse and outdoor stage.

ARCH 704 / HOMA FARJADI WITH FRANK GESUALDI

THIS IS TOMORROW AGAIN: HOUSING THE CITY CAN IT BE AVANT GARDE NOW? TEXT 1: Alison and Peter Smithson, “From a House of the Future to a House of Today” TEXT 2: Hal Foster, “The Return of the Real” Having rounded critical modernism and bypassed post-modern regressions in architecture, and in the rush of globalization and the ecstasy of mega-scaled developments, the urbanism of housing invites rethinking. Social politics of modernist “existence minimum” or coded regulations set by state economies may not be driving the bulk of development this time round. Whether in the form of high-rise apartment buildings, integrated townships or gated communities, capital and its modern luxuries are now the primary drivers for most global developments. With the profession now better equipped with new technologies of strategic modelling, formal transformations, manufacture and production, we ask, where does this situation leaves the architecture of urban housing? Our tools for this probe come from the positions of the two texts offered to be reconfigured in a new discourse. Aware of uncanny repetitions, Hal Foster suggests that the avant-garde “returns to us from the future.” With ‘Housing tomorrow again’ we brought the utopian project of the avant-garde once again to bear on the design of housing and its contemporary demands. We examined the work of Alison and Peter Smithsons through the lens of the avant-garde. This was not to delight in copying, but to probe with a counterfactual discourse between the two positions in its displacement to now, of thinking formally and strategically through those terms. Our task concerned understanding the positions of the two texts historically—Smithson’s and Foster’s—and to affect the design of a housing project; in their intersection we were prompted by the question: ‘can housing be avant-garde now?’ VERTICAL URBANISM MANHATTAN NY MATT LAKE, ANDREW RUGGLES: Precedent Re-appropriation of an “as-found” condition, a concept that Alison and Peter Smithson explored in projects throughout their careers, served as the impetus for rethinking the protocols of urban design in their proposal for a new city center (Haupstadt) in post-war Berlin. Antithetical to most cities, 1957 Berlin was without a dense center. For the Smithsons, this condition of openness presented a unique opportunity to rethink the configuration of density in an urban environment. By leaving the center open and creating a band of density as a surround, the Smithson’s proposal for the Haupstadt investigated an inverted typology of typical urban design, one that emphasized open-space and possibility for future growth. We chose the current site of Stuyvesant Town and Peter Cooper Village, two post war “tower in the park” housing projects. These two projects have detached twenty-four Manhattan city blocks from the fabric of New York as an attempt to create a separate urban oasis of only housing and green space. We have considered the site’s disparity from the urban fabric as an opportunistic condition for employing a new typology of urban design. Our project proposes a vertical urban condition that encompasses the density of twenty-four typical New York City blocks within a radically reduced footprint. By reconfiguring density and infrastructure in this way, we can afford both open-space and a continuous urban fabric with the amenities and cultural features necessary for a neighborhood. Our proposal includes a new city park, two public blocks; each flanked by two public streets, three levels of street-fronted commercial space, an upper and lower school, a public library, a hotel and youth hostel, as well as public housing, The proposal also affords developable space for housing 25,000 residents that would become the private realm of the project. The design for the architecture of this aspect of the project would be the responsibility of the owner.

ARCH 704 / STEPHEN KIERAN AND JAMES TIMBERLAKE

OPEN SOURCE The studio is the second year of a five-year open source collaborative laboratory. This yearâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s students were asked to respond to the projects of the previous year with a question or provocation that became the departure point for a more focused research inquiry, as well as serving as a filter through which to critique observations from a 10 day travel itinerary to Ahmedabad, India and Dhaka, Bangladesh. These questions and observations, along with a provocation to examine architectureâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s role in the context of microfinance as practiced by Muhammad Yunus and Grameen Bank, became the genesis of a semester-long research agenda that culminated with an applied design research project. Working largely in teams, students defined a problem in the Karail slum of Dhaka that emerged from their combined research. Groups then designed a product, a process or a strategy that is intended to become a catalytic event to improve the quality of life for the residents and extend growth into sustainable patterns. KAY FAN: The

proposed Ecological Sanitation System for the Karail Slums aims to close the loops of wastewater cycle and money cycle of the entire slum area by providing the area with innovative toilet and collection systems as well as natural treatment systems. Through rigorous capacity, technical and return analysis in reaching the optimum component set, the sanitation system as a whole does not only treat the serious pollution due to the lacking\ of toilet facilities on site, but also provides a platform for many jobless slum dwellers with numerous work opportunities in urban agriculture, aquaculture and reed harvesting. The facilities themselves would also establish a community space for the dense slums and attempt to promote education of hygienic sanitation and self-help production through the system settings.

ARCH 704 / CECIL BALMOND AND JENNY SABIN

PORTAL PAVILION, PHILADELPHIA, PA This yearâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s research took on the problem of pavilion design in a post-industrial city in need of a stronger connection between its downtown core and a major urban University campus. The Portal Pavilion, programmed with event and cafĂŠ spaces, was to be situated as an interface and gateway between Center City, Philadelphia and the University of Pennsylvania campus. As a symbol for new growth, connection and visionary design, the student projects featured a network of spaces for exhibitions, events, meetings and informal gatherings as well as access to the Schuylkill River and future playfields and venues that are a part of the UPenn Eastern Expansion Project. Research entailed the study, abstraction and design of algorithmic models including mathematical, natural, biological and geometric examples. The studio employed a variety of digital and material-modeling techniques with the common goal of the abstraction and extension of complex systems to built form. Student groups developed algorithmic design tools within scripting environments and in the form of physical models. A specific focus was placed upon programmatic and circulatory relationships across and through the pavilion and site. Abstract and nonlinear models were hybridized with layers of program, circulation and site information. Experiments in physical modeling and fabrication informed the final design proposals. Finally, student groups had the opportunity to work directly with the Advanced Geometry Unit, Arup, London during a week-long intensive mid-review and workshop at the Carlow House, Arup, London UK. DAN AFFLECK, LAUREN MACCUAIG: We

conducted research on aperiodic 2-D and 3-D Danzer Tiling embedded with knots to create complex patterns. The inherent properties of these patterns were studied at different scales for their potentials for landscape organization and structure. Through multiple iterations, various scales of grain and texture are revealed in the patterns.

ARCH 704 / MARION WEISS

PERSPECTIVE UTOPIAS: CREATIVE ARTS CENTER As a laboratory to charge the intersection of both analog and digital media, the intent of this studio was to test how modes of representation can, through a series of loops between media, capture unforeseen effects to initiate a new form of architectural project. This studio began with the promise of drawings that explore line and shadow and their engagements with digital media. It is the conflation and intensification of intersecting modes of representation, both analog and digital that can generate surprise, improvisation and influence unforeseen effects and spatial opportunities. The Creative Arts Center, planned by Princeton University at a new transit hub, served as a catalyst to extrapolate an architectural project from the initial work of the studio. By introducing the creative arts program, this final phase of work was an invitation to experiment with new forms of public space and sequences. Rather than assuming a fixed or self-contained typology, this studio presented an opportunity to investigate the requirements of art production and circulation/movement as points of departure for the elaboration of a series of new architectural concepts. The final stage of the studio utilized the site and program of the creative arts center as provocations for architectural projects that emerge, literally and figuratively, from line and shadow. MEGAN BORN: Perspective

Utopias investigated the relationship between the creation and representation of space, and how the reversal of the normative process of making (design leads, representation follows) could be reversed to produce a new architecture. By drawing a place, with specific qualities of space, light, material and structure, an agenda was formed and ultimately drove the design of a Performing Arts Precinct for Princeton University and Township. Moving through different media (graphite, ink, 2D digital, physical modeling, 3D modeling, digital rendering) challenged the design at many stages throughout the studio. Methods and sensitivities discovered while drawing led to a site strategy, program distribution, scale, structure and spatial qualities in the architecture.

ARCH 704 / AMALE ANDRAOS

ECOTOPIA Named after Callenbach’s seminal book Ecotopia: The Notebooks and Reports of William Weston, this studio set itself to re-imagine the future of cities, and open up possibilities to fundamentally rethink how we live, work, eat and move. Echoing the book’s visionary tone combined with its pulpy, sci-fi quality—one that radically critiques our institutions and attitudes while providing intriguing alternate narratives—students were asked to examine a 400 acres site straddling the Garden State Parkway and Route 9 and propose alternate masterplans embodying their visionary ideas for a new city. Investigating alternate modes of living and working as well as new infrastructural systems—everything from transportation to energy, food production, waste and water treatment—students treated each system as an opportunity to re-invent typologies, explore programmatic relationships and test new formal expressions. Translating their larger ideas and explorations from the scale of the urban to that of the architectural, students were then asked to focus on one of the buildings outlined in their masterplans and develop it further. While embracing critical and inquisitive attitudes as fundamental to the design process, Ecotopia nevertheless emphasized the need to go beyond, challenging urbanism and sustainability’s banal expressions, caught between historicism and efficiency, to once again dare fantasize and dream, and provoke our imagination to propose inspiring narratives for different futures. NJ AGRICULTURE CENTRAL (NJAC), SOUTH AMBOY, NEW JERSEY HWA-SEOP LEE: Synthesizing the results of an extensive research phase, this project wove a radical masterplan into a real site in New Jersey. While the larger masterplan suggests a system of adaptive lifecycle around urban farming and diversified speeds of transport, the project shown here is for a local megastructural gateway with an autonomous program. The gateway faces nearby highways and town grids with its own measures of engagement. By identifying the common denominator of neighboring social entities, the main programs are determined and organized, furnished and fertilized by landscape and unplanned elements to invigorate the site, and ultimately propagate an adaptive lifestyle throughout the Garden State.

ARCH 706 DESIGN STUDIO VI / INDEPENDENT THESIS / ANNETTE FIERRO, COORDINATOR

In their final semester, students may elect to do an Independent Thesis rather than an ARCH 704 Research Studio, subject to approval by the Thesis Committee. This thesis explores the architectural object as an aggregation of interconnected micro events over time. Methods for dealing with matter in these terms stem from particular 20th-century avant garde musical compositions. In music the whole is taken to be the outcome of auditory interaction over time. In this thesis, architectural â&#x20AC;&#x153;materialâ&#x20AC;? is organized analogically as an instrument upon which the register and emission of secondary effects tends toward a particular figuration. Through this approach architecture becomes a constant re-engagement of the deceptive likeness of space over time. What is interior space if the object is reduced to the durational interaction of its own derivative parts? ANDY LUCIA:

ADVISOR: ANNETTE FIERRO

What structures our perception of an architectural condition? Many suggest architecture bounds itself through a perceptual state “consummated by distraction” (Walter Benjamin – Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction). This study addresses both issues of visual perception and representation and their relation to design and construction. The project focuses on the creation of atmosphere, mood, and “cosmetic effects” in contemporary architecture. A narrative was developed to amend the gap between effects and representation, and allows the testing of this hypothesis. The building is an autonomous addition to the American Museum of Natural History, New York City, New York. Its primary function is the display of specimen and artifacts undergoing scientific evaluation for authenticity. The categorization of the effects is through lighting, material, and scale. ANTHONY CAICCO:

ADVISOR: CATHRINE VEIKOS

DISSERTATIONS

DISMANTLE, REASSEMBLE, AND MODIFY: AN ADAPTIVE REUSE OF THE TRADITIONAL THAI HOUSE

DEPLOYMENT OF TRUSSED STRUCTURES GENERATION OF A DEDUCTIVE TAXONOMY OF UNFOLDING CONFIGURATIONS

SAITHIWA RAMASOOT; SUPERVISOR, DAVID G. DE LONG

MOHAMAD AL KHAYER: SUPERVISOR, PETER MCCLEARY

Concern about the decreasing number of surviving traditional central Thai houses, due to the dramatic urban transformation in Thailand, and doubt about their practicality in today’s context have given rise to a search for solutions to safeguard the architecture. This dissertation studies adaptive reuse and examines its potential as a means to preserve and utilize the traditional Thai house, based upon the adaptability originally incorporated in its distinctive physical qualities—a cluster of one-story single-room prefabricated wooden houses around a central terrace, raised above ground on posts. Apart from in-depth revisions in the history of historic preservation in Thailand and the traditional Thai house, the research was conducted via three case studies of adapted Thai houses in various conditions, namely, M.R. Kukrit Pramoj’s house, Nipa Krupaisarn’s house and Ruen Mallika restaurant. The findings are that the Thai house’s functional conversion in terms of contemporary uses can be achieved together with the preservation of traditional architectural essences. Functional and architectural limitations and requirements for modern facilities can be resolved by appropriate designs and treatments. Recurring patterns of modification revealed five Thai house attributes that contribute to its adaptability: the prefabricated structure that allows dismantling, relocation and reassembly of components; the modularity and neutrality of house units that retain the compound integrity; the interconnectivity of the central terrace that accommodates an addition of house units; the use of a single room for a single function that allows flexibility of adaptation; and, the potential blank areas on the ground floor, the veranda and the terrace that can be enclosed for additional functional spaces. While the Thai house can be efficiently adapted to accommodate contemporary residential purposes, it may be utilized for non-residential public and business uses, particularly small to medium-scale cultural-related functions. Above and beyond basic maintenance and restoration, adaptive reuse ensures the evolving life of the Thai house by expanding its practicality in the contemporary context. It not only revives the historic building, but also retains it in an active condition, by advancing the architecture and allowing actual utilization and necessary modifications without compromising time-honored qualities.

This research is a study of the geometry of structural skeletal configurations that are deployable. The goal is to generate a mathematical algorithm that plots the deployment trajectory of all extant and possible configurations. The work begins with a brief critical review of the history of the subject, including the significant inventions, different spatial and structural member types (skeletal, plates, tensegrity), and proposals for a general classification system of all possible deployable structural configurations. The structural configurations are defined by the geometry of their members (lengths, topology), joints (its dimensionality, e.g. 2 or 3 dimensional), and the proportional position of their fulcrum (or joint) along the member length. A general classification system that includes all possible relations between members (and their shape), fulcra (and their proportional position) and joint geometry (2 or 3D) is presented in a tabular form. A mathematical-geometric algorithm is formulated to describe the deployment trajectories of the intrados, extrados and fulcrum of a given structural configuration. This computer parametric digital model is applied to existing canonical deployable configuration, in addition parametric digital models are tested against new, simple and complex, cases. Not only are the various trajectories plotted, but also the isotropy (i.e., the proportional relationships among the three orthogonal dimensions) of the spaces, i.e., voids, are generated. The classification or taxonomy system proposed is applied to trussed configurations of plane tessellations using polygonal prism joints and for space filling geometry using polyhedron joints. The algorithm can generate heretofore-unimagined deployable structures with polyhedral prism and polyhedron joints. To validate the accuracy and utility of the proposed taxonomy and its algorithm, nineteen simulation parametric physical models were tested. Two additional cases were examined, both using physical models and the algorithm. The first case is in collaboration with Professor Peter McCleary of the University of Pennsylvania. The configuration is a braided, pre-stressed, tensile, hollow rope with compressive, trussed, unconnected diaphragms (i.e., a tensegrity structure). The diaphragms are deployed to stress the braided rope and hence generate a stable structure with an internal space. The second case is a study of a geometric configuration, and possible building module, the ‘Hex-Mod’, proposed by Professor JeanFrancois Gabriel of Syracuse University.

TOWARDS A CRITIQUE OF AN ARCHITECTURAL NAHDHA: A KUWATI EXAMPLE

INTEGRATION OF COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS (CFD) AND ENERGY SIMULATION (ES) FOR OPTIMAL ENERGY FORM GENERATION

ASSEEL AL-RAGAM; SUPERVISOR, RENATA HOLOD

YUN KYU YI; SUPERVISOR, ALI MALKAWI

A determination to nurture a developing cultural modernity in early twentieth century Kuwait provoked subsequent symbolic explorations in architecture and urban form. Socioeconomic and political conditions enabled the state to undertake utopian projects that, for the most part, were realized. During a period of almost thirty years, from the early 1950s to the early 1980s, the Baladiya (municipality) commissioned over forty design proposals, ranging from urban renewal schemes to the construction of monumental civic buildings, which were understood as iconic symbols of state modernity. As documents, they were powerful representations of change. In reality, they present evidence of the challenges faced by the developing nation in mediating between visual traces of an identifiable past and an ever-changing present. Behind a faรงade of development, the state sought to control a complicated reality. Architectural and urban projects, in their nascent stages, had been engineered as responses to new political, economic, and social conditions. After World War II, and with an increase in wealth from oil revenues, the restructured state, headed by Sheikh Abdullah al-Salem alSabah, met these challenges by committing to reforms that precipitated the engineering of a new capital city. This new city would become an iconic symbol of a modern state, whose execution was part of a larger social, political, and economic agenda known as the Development Program. Inherently connected to the Development Program, and explored in this dissertation, is the ethos of Kuwaiti architectural and urban development from the 1950s to the 1980s, which stemmed directly from a desire for a cultural modernity. Transformations caused by the new building development and its modern technology, radically altered spatial experience and gave birth to a new public space. In these public spaces, social values, identities, and cultural aspirations were forged and defined. The organizing structure of this dissertation develops from an interconnection between an advanced Kuwaiti selfrealization and state-sponsored urban and architectural projects. In order to analyze the phenomenon of this Kuwaiti modern transformation, I rely on concepts of modernity and development to explain cultural change. In Kuwait, both the idea of modernity and development drew strength and substance from a collective spirit that was determined from an ideological revision of Arab history, and from a dialectical analysis of progress and reform. The dissertation provides an illustration of these social and political conditions that necessitated symbolic and pragmatic spatial transformation.

Computer use in architecture has extended beyond computeraided design systems (CAD) to include dynamic modeling and animation software. The use of this technology moves beyond the rendering and refining of ideas to the generation of form. These programs are no longer mere tools, but have become collaborators in the creative process. However, using animation as a morphogenetic strategy does present potential problems. In a time-based process, an endless flow of geometric transformations gives rise to the problem of selection. Because a selected geometry is not the ultimate result of a research process, it is difficult to claim that one geometry presents a better performance-based solution than another. Building simulation offers the potential of providing an alternative method of generating architectural form. Currently, building simulation tools are used for analysis only, rather than for synthesis. Simulation programs are utilized to assess and predict many aspects of building performance, including indoor temperature and airflow, natural wind performance, daylight analysis, and building energy consumption. There are several obstacles, however, to using simulation tools as synthesis tools; little research has been done in combining the effect of different domains such as heat and daylight, and in design decision support methods. The following research provides an innovative design method to generate building form, utilizing dynamic outdoor and indoor conditions to reduce thermal load and to optimize the form. Integration of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and Energy Simulation (ES) is used as a first step to more effectively analyze and model buildings and their surroundings. Interrelations between the different variables are identified, and an optimization technique is used to facilitate developing models for synthesis, and to generate designs based on performance.

COURSES / REQUIRED

ARCH 511 History and Theory I, Detlef Mertins This course provided opportunity for students to deepen and extend their understanding of modern architecture as a prehistory for contemporary design culture and innovation. The course was structured as a sequence of episodes focused on selected figures, buildings and texts. Each episode supported consideration of a specific topic of relevance to contemporary design. Topics included critiques of representation, constructive systems, tectonics, digital tectonics and biotechnics, organic form and form-finding, generative methods and models both geometric and functional, search for new paradigms, the relationship of geometry and matter, systems theory, complexity and population thinking. Readings were drawn from both primary and secondary sources within architecture, as well as from the humanities and sciences. We studied the interrelationships of theory and practice as well as architectureâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s relationship to other spheres of activity â&#x20AC;&#x201C; art, technology and design, but also science, philosophy, economic development and politics. The main assignment was a group project to build an analytical model of a selected case study.

imagination and communicate ideas. As such, the workshops were complementary to design studio work; the drawings produced transcended the problem of representation to become architectures themselves. Our aim was to promote invention, thoughtful selection of techniques and their hybridization.

ARCH 531 Construction I, Lindsay Falck This course introduced students to the basic principles and concepts of architectural materials and technologies of fabrication and assembly. It described the interrelated nature of structure, construction and environmental systems.

ARCH 532 Construction II, Lindsay Falck This course continued the introduction of materials and methods of construction begun in ARCH 531, focusing on light and heavy steel frame construction, concrete construction, light and heavyweight cladding systems and systems building.

ARCH 512 History and Theory II, David Leatherbarrow

ARCH 533 Environmental Systems I, Ali Malkawi

The aim of this course was to introduce some of the basic topics of architectural order and the typical situations in which they occur. The course structure and its arguments rested on two premises: one, that these topics, this order, and these situations have been developed historically, and two, that architectural order cannot be understood without seeing the building in relation to a wider horizon of reference - the city. While these premises give orientation to both this course and architectural theory, they also bear on contemporary design, for it can be argued that the single most important challenge facing design today is to resume the battle for the city as the most effective and eloquent embodiment of contemporary culture.

This course studied human needs, comfort, performance, and sense of well being in relation to the physical environments both natural and man-made which occur in and around buildings. It introduced the mechanical systems in modern buildings with emphasis on tracing environmental, energy and waste problems. These problems make it imperative that architects be familiar with the systems that affect building energy use. Students gain understanding of those elements of buildings that contribute to their heating and cooling loads and methods that reduce the energy consumption. Different methods of analysis, evaluation, and simulation were introduced and employed.

ARCH 534 Environmental Systems II, William Braham ARCH 521 Visual Studies I, Gavin Riggall (coordinator), Matthew Conti, Brian Holland, Amy Johnson, George A.M. Ristow This half-credit course supports ARCH 501 Architectural Design Studio with focused instruction on drawing and its role in the design process. It introduced modes, methods and techniques of architectural representation including visual analysis, descriptive geometry, media shifts, sketching, orthographic projection, axonometry and dynamic, sensorial imagery. The aim was to achieve a synthetic understanding of space in three dimensions and to promote design invention through work that visually manifests the active selection of representational media and techniques at a high level of competence.

ARCH 522 Visual Studies II, Cathrine Veikos (coordinator), Matt Conti, Gavin Riggall, George Ristow, Adrienne Yancone This half-credit course enabled students to develop their threedimensional spatial imagination and the architectural drawing skills that index spatial inquiry and allow for its two-dimensional representation. Through a series of exercises, the course introduced a methodology that interweaves salient skills from architectural drafting and rendering with digital 3d-modeling and rendering skills. The work involved a high degree of precision, logical rigor and innovation. Synthetic understanding of space in three dimensions and mastery of the skills required to both project and simulate these in two dimensions was the goal of the series of workshops. The course placed emphasis on the speculative nature of drawings and their capacity to provoke the

In this course, we considered the environmental systems of larger, more complex buildings. Contemporary buildings are characterized by the use of such systems - ventilating, heating, cooling, dehumidifying, lighting, communications and controls - that not only have their own demands but also dynamically interact with one another. The relationship to the classic architectural questions about building size and shape are even more complex. With the introduction of sophisticated feedback and control systems, architects are faced with conditions that are virtually animate and coextensive at many scales with the natural and manmade environments in which they are placed. The first task of the course was to understand those systems and their purposes in simple linear forms through analysis and calculation. The second task was to examine their dynamic interaction with one another - between lighting, cooling, and building shape for example - and with the environmental conditions they are meant to ameliorate. Coursework included the environmental analysis of a room in a building on the Penn campus. Such investigations involved measurements and performance simulations of environmental behavior and documentation of the HVAC systems of the building.

ARCH 535 Structures I, Richard Farley This course provided a study of structural elements and their assembly into building structural systems, concentrating on design principles and structural behavior. The analysis and design of two-dimensional elements (flat and curved) and

COURSES / REQUIRED

foundation systems were covered, as well as dynamics and composite elements. The course focused on observing and experiencing structural behavior, as well as the influence of the construction process on design of structures.

ARCH 536 Structures II, Richard Farley This course is a continuation of the equilibrium analysis of structures covered in ARCH 535. Students studied static and hyper-static systems and design of their elements while learning to design for combined stresses and pre-stressing. The course focused on various structural elements, systems, materials and technical principals.

ARCH 611 History and Theory III: Architectures of Complexity, Helene Furjan This course examined the prevalence of complexity theory in architecture today: the near ubiquity of systems models, dynamics, genetic processes and emergence, networked organizations, digital fabrication and so on. Central to this investigation is the vital influence of “diagrammatic” practices and theories and techniques of nonlinear dynamic organizations, coupled with advanced mathematics and emerging technologies. At the basis of architectures of complexity lies systems theory: a relational understanding of the world opposed to earlier mechanistic and atomistic models that break the world into isolated parts. Systems theory thinks in terms of dynamic, self-creating and complex assemblies. Complex systems are redefining the way we understand material behaviors and structures, allowing material to be rethought as “matter.” The genetic evolution of morphology – morphogenesis - is replacing more conventional notions of form and tectonics. Models of distributed, co-adaptive systems are shifting older notions of “sustainability” towards new formulations of ecology enmeshed with the theory of ecosystems. Because “systems” thought in architecture can be found as early as the Renaissance, if not before, the course tracked back from its basis in the present to locate the genealogical ancestry that prefigures much of today’s preoccupations.

ARCH 631 Technology Case Studies I, Lindsay Falck This course focused on current trends in technology being developed in the construction of buildings. In some cases, the emerging technologies involve new techniques for processing or assembling previously used materials, as with structural glass walls, whereas in others, completely new materials and processes of production are evolving, as with composite materials, such as carbon-fiber and resins formed and processed in autoclaved molds. The course also examined the rapidly changing methods of fabrication and on-site assembly of construction components, as in the CAD/CAM processes. These emerging technologies relate to structural components, enclosure components for roofs and walls, service and environmental control components and to the processes of fabrication and on-site assembly techniques. Emphasis in the case studies presented by visiting lecturers and faculty was on the holistic nature of the design and construction processes. This extended into the assignments undertaken by students in their analysis of a sleeted project, where all phases of design and buildings were studied.

ARCH 632-001 Deployable Structures, Mohamad Al Khayer This course introduced the rapidly growing field of deployable structures through hands-on experiments conducted in workshop environments. The course provided an introduction to the history, theory and application of deployable structures in two parts: the first part consisted of a workshop that examined geometric studies of Platonic and Archimedean solids and space filling geometries; topology and morphological transformations; studies of different mechanical joints; computer visual analysis of the structural behavior of deployable structures; computer simulation of the deployment using Visual Nastrand; build basic deployable structure with link, skeletal and continuous members. In the second part of the course, each student developed and examined a deployable structure derived from a real case. The final assignment was the construction of a to-scale physical working model and its computer simulation.

ARCH 632-002 Simulation and Design, Ali Malkawi ARCH 621 Visual Studies III, Adrienne Yancone (coordinator), Isabel Castilla, Paul Coughlin, Mark Ericson, Steve Pitman, Patrick Stinger The final set of Visual Studies workshops extended the trajectory of ARCH 521/522 further into digital media, supporting new design directions by actively identifying the salient strengths and limitations of digital techniques. A series of twoday sessions were held at critical points in the development of the studio project in ARCH 601, informing the studio work with digital techniques. The sequence of exercises built on each other to nurture a synthetic understanding of space in three dimensions and a mastery of the skills required to both project and simulate its representation in two dimensions. Rather than limit it to topological surfaces or animation-driven investigations of complex forms, the drawings were seen as a performative locus: visual repositories of data from which information can be gleaned, geometries tested, refined and transmitted. Students were encouraged to experiment with media-specific techniques and create hybrids by alternating and combining virtual and material techniques.

Simulation is the process of making a simplified model of some complex system and using it to predict the behavior of the original system. During the past decade, advancements in computer technology made it possible for building simulation to be part of the design process. This course provided students with an understanding of building design simulation methods, hands-on experience in using computer simulation models and exploration of the technologies, underlying principles, and potential applications of virtual environments (virtual reality) as a simulation tool in architecture. State-of-the-art computer models for thermal, lighting and acoustic analysis were introduced and applications of these models in architectural design were explored. A building was analyzed throughout the semester in the following areas: climate and site analysis; energy and passive solar systems; lighting and daylighting systems; acoustic systems; virtual visualization and design integration.

ARCH 632-003 Surfaces/Effects, Cathrine Veikos

ARCH 632-006 Component Based Design, Mark Igou

The subtle and dynamic effects of the building surfaces of recent works by architects James Carpenter, Jun Aoki, Kenzo Kuma, Sejima + Nishizawa/SANAA, and Herzog and de Meuron are achieved through well-orchestrated details grounded in built reality. The perceptual effects of a building surface as a whole are directly related to the design of its elements of construction, its specific material and tectonic assemblies. Initial research by students identified and examined the possibilities for organizing and structuring perception through the design of surfaces. Lecturers demonstrated a range of effects created by selected architects and installation artists and examined how these effects are produced. The seminar was conducted as a workshop where students developed digital and material models towards the design of their own dynamic, environmentally responsive surfaces. These proposals were reviewed and discussed with a series of design consultants. The seminar/ workshop not only addressed materials but their integration into building systems. The class reviewed requirements and criteria for double-skin facades, exterior, interior and interstitial solar shading, natural (buoyancy-driven), forced (mechanicallydriven) and mixed ventilation, as well as experimental proposals.

This course explored how traditional and cutting edge materials in conventional and non-conventional applications are used in building assembly design. Students were exposed to actual case studies presented by scientists, engineers and fabricators to convey the decision making process of how to arrive at innovative, high performance design solutions for building assemblies and systems. Students participated in collaborative teams with outside professionals to develop and build their own high performance materials and building systems. Discussion topics ranged from “The Fundamentals of Performance Design” to the “Exploration of Material Innovation.” These topics were overlaid with how and why the construction industry operates and what strategies are available to architects in order to realize these innovative solutions. Techniques such as “technology transfers” from other industries were explored to maximize innovation potential.

ARCH 632-004 Design for Light Structures, Jon Morrison The course focused on structural design principals at the intersection of dematerialized and weight-minimized structures. It included a review of fundamental structural elements realized with low-mass/high-strength materials, the flow of forces and contemporary structural engineering methods using a generally visual and intuitive approach. Light structures were considered in terms of: light weight/ high-strength materials; weight-minimized structural elements and configurations where bending is avoided and geometry is exploited; holistic approaches to overall structural systems design incorporating load transfer functions with other functions; transparent and translucent materials in load bearing applications; component based design, digital fabrication and off-site fabrication methods, on-site assembly and disassembly (recycling); the relationship of light structures to site; anticipating and avoiding failure; and, aesthetics and the overriding need and desire for visible light and the nature of collaboration between engineer, architect, artist and fabricator.

ARCH 632-005 High Performance Materials and Systems, Phu Hoang This course explored the role of constraints in the design of performative building envelopes. The course defined performance as a feed-back loop between architecture and the users and systems it enables. Performance was measured by the efficiency of its systems’ ambitions. Embedded within these systems are the constraints that help to define them. Students located moments of constraints in order to transform them into opportunities for architectural innovation. Working in groups, students designed a building envelope that is responsive to two types of constraints. Both the constraints and the performance of the building envelope were parameters in which to create architectural innovation.

ARCH 638-001 Building Acoustics, Neill Woodger This course began with an introduction to the fundamentals of acoustics including sound propagation, sound representation and measurement, sound transmission and associated materials, sound absorption and related materials, and reverberation time. After covering these fundamentals, the course covered the history of the development of performance space, principles of acoustic design of theatres, opera houses and concert halls. The implications of currently developing construction technologies, materials and design methodologies for the future of architectural practice relative to acoustic design were considered.

ARCH 638-002 Building Skins, Alberto Cavallero This course focused on the parameters guiding the design, analysis and construction of high-performance building enclosures. A heuristic methodology formed the core of the coursework: by designing a small portion of a wall for an actual project for the FDA, we critically studied the entire process toward the realization of a sophisticated enclosure. During the exercise, a series of lectures allowed the class to apply a widening set of fundamental structural, constructive and thermal criteria, through a selection of materials, conceptual estimating and scheduling, testing procedures and finally to construction. The result of the exercise was intended to be both experimental and believable.

ARCH 638-003 Building Systems, Stuart Mardeusz / Joe Castner Building systems exert a growing influence on architectural design, particularly in America. This course examined how evolving technologies in mechanical engineering influence our work as architects, designers and planners, exploring a range of topics that have enormous cultural and technical implications for architecture, landscape and urban design. Each week, the seminar focused on a different building topology, considering how its systems and infrastructure are driven by specific functional requirements. The class traced both current and emerging techniques within each typology with a special emphasis on areas for design innovation.

COURSES / REQUIRED

ARCH 638-004 Daylighting, Jon An

ARCH 772 Professional Practice III, David McHenry

Today, with electric lighting accounting for as much as 30% of the energy consumption in buildings, there is renewed interest in incorporating daylight strategies into building design to create high-quality indoor environments and high-performance buildings. By reestablishing the connection between daylight and architecture, healthy and high-performance buildings that are enhanced by the dynamic characteristics of daylight are possible. This course introduced fundamental daylight concepts and tools for analyzing daylight design. The central objective of the course was to provide the students with the knowledge and tools to analyze the effectiveness of design options.

This course, the third in a sequence in professional practice and procedures, focused on the nature of projects in the context of activities within an architect’s practice and on the idiosyncrasies of managing multiple projects. Detailed studies of the legal, financial, marketing, management and administration issues associated with the different forms of office proprietorship were studied. The special set of contractual and ethical obligations of the architect, particularly in response to client needs and safety, are examined. Codes, standards and regulations and their relationship to the different activities in the practice of architecture were presented.

ARCH 638-005 Lighting, Craig Bernecker Principles of Lighting is a comprehensive course in architectural lighting design intended to develop a basic understanding of the principles of science and vision relating to lighting, and a similar understanding of lighting measurement and terminology. It is also intended to help students build a knowledge base of electric lighting design technologies, in particular, lamps and luminaries. Using this understanding and knowledge, the balance of the course focuses on identifying appropriate lighting design criteria for specific applications and techniques for designing and analyzing lighting systems to address these criteria. The overall goal of the course is to establish an understanding of the impact of lighting on architecture and a foundation for the possible practice of lighting design.

ARCH 671 Professional Practice I, Mark Gardner This course is the first of a two-semester workshop that familiarizes students with the organizational, institutional and legal contexts for practice. It opened doors for students through ties to leading practitioners and encouraged critical reflection on the nature of architecture practices today. This initial workshop focused on the organizational design of a range of contemporary practices. Students developed an understanding of the logics of practice by taking three separate field trips including visits to eighteen firms.

ARCH 672 Professional Practice II, Charles Capaldi This course is the second workshop on professional practice and addressed the organizational, institutional, and legal context of architectural practice. It studied the building process from the viewpoint of the different participants. Students developed appreciation and understanding of the importance of the relationships between the key ‘players’ in the building process through panel discussions with clients, consultants, contractors and fabricators. They explored the different roles of these players and asked how each figures into the building process as a whole.

ARCH 811 Advanced Theory I: Architecture, Climate and Culture, David Leatherbarrow This course is to provide students who are embarking on a career of scholarship in architecture a first introduction to some of the principal issues and writings of the tradition. In addition to introducing themes and texts, this course aims to help students develop the practices that are typical of scholarship, the forms and habits of scholarly inquiry. To limit, somewhat, the abundance of thematic and historiographic material that could be covered the course also has a topical focus, signified by its title: Architecture, Climate, and Culture. Part of our aim was to consider the potentials for conflict and agreement among these concerns: how the conditions that architects do not design affect those they do. A second task was to discover antecedents for concepts and insights discussed under the popular headings of “ecology” and “sustainability.” Our working premise was that these concerns are not all together new to architecture.

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ARCH 711-001 Spaces in Tourism, Jose Castillo

ARCH 712-003 Informal Cities, Daniela Fabricius

Tourism is not only the world’s largest industry, but also a spatial and temporal practice that transforms territories through economic, social and physical techniques as well as the specific management of time. This seminar investigated some of these techniques and procedures undertaken by tourism as they relate to the transformation of space. It uncovered the effects and potentials they have on architecture, cities and landscapes. The seminar considered specific cases, projects, histories and readings that frame the architecture/tourism relationship. The students used maps, diagrams and representational techniques to discover tourism’s impacts on architecture and planning.

This course approached ‘informality’ as a working term that requires further investigation. The class looked into the economic origins of the term and its related concepts, while simultaneously discussing contemporary informal conditions, particularly those taking place in Latin American cities. Students considered how informality emerges in neoliberalism, globalization, warfare, political movements, media technology and design. By exploring the aesthetic, political and theoretical implications of ‘the informal’, we hoped to collectively develop a broader and more complex understanding of a term that is so relevant today.

ARCH 711-002 Spectacle/Post-Spectacle, Helene Furjan

ARCH 712-004 Contemporary Japanese Architecture, Stephanie Feldman

This seminar considered current debates surrounding questions of spectacle, media, commodification and architecture through a history of spectacular culture, scrutinizing the rise of spectacular space and its transposition into mood and special effects. The interest of the course focused on the spaces of the late 20th-century metropolis and their antecedents and historical influences that exploit imaging and effects techniques and technologies to the fullest. The course examined the inter-relation between spaces and spatial practices exploiting entertainment and exhibition, and the critical texts that have attempted to describe these spaces and their operations.

This course provided an in-depth exploration of contemporary Japanese architecture from Meiji to the present. Informed by an historical overview of Japan since the mid-nineteenth century, the class examined the innovative and challenging work of Japan’s most prominent architects and placed it within the broader contexts of urbanization and globalization. Classes were organized thematically, and addressed topics such as culture and design, retail, construction technology, mega-projects, urban sprawl, prefab, and technology. A number of distinguished scholars and architects from the US and Japan participated as guest lecturers.

ARCH 712-001 The Philosophy of Materials & Structures, Manuel DeLanda

ARCH 712-005 Architecture at the Scale of Geopolitics, Srdjan Jovanovic Weiss

This course examined concepts in Materials Science, stressing not only the usefulness of this knowledge for the purposes of design but also its intrinsic interest as a basis for a technically sound philosophy of matter. The course was shaped by the belief that architects benefit from a more detailed philosophical knowledge of the theoretical principles behind structural engineering. At the same time, it was informed by the idea that the creative use of computer software and digital simulations would benefit from additional philosophical resources. Specifically, the course highlighted new software that simulates biological evolution (so-called ‘genetic algorithms’ that may be used to ‘breed’ new architectural designs) and illustrated its value in the practice of engineering. The course integrated insights from two different areas crucial to contemporary design: material science and engineering, on the one hand, and computer simulations involving a host of new ‘virtual materials’ such as NURBS surfaces, particles and metaballs, as well as the intersection of these with the new evolutionary software.

This course researched an array of architectural and art interventions in contemporary geopolitics—ideas that are in the process of reshaping and representing each other. The topics started from conflicts and diplomacy, networks of borderlines, ideology, states of illegality, human rights, neutrality, balkanization of territory, digital networks of knowledge and the work of emerging spatial practices conceived by architects, artists and activists. Case studies were grouped to follow topics that range from rearrangements of land in the Middle East, unfinished infrastructures in the Western Balkans, dynamic boundaries between US and Mexico, desert capital city building in Libya, the impasse in Cyprus, international borders of Antarctica and the undersea of the Arctic. The course hoped to reveal and promote unorthodox innovation and ingenuity and to gather knowledge on the evasive potentials of architecture’s role in geopolitics.

ARCH 712-002 The Possibilities and Limits of Architectural Representation, Dalibor Veseley The aim of this course was to challenge the conventional separation of the modern epoch from tradition and look more critically at the complex and ambiguous nature of modern architecture and the European city. Leaving behind the one-dimensional vision of modernity, the course tried to answer what is modern not only in the instrumental (constructivist) tendencies but also in the less obvious expressive tendencies (mannerism, romanticism, expressionism and surrealism for instance). The lectures were structured as a dialogue between the urban context of contemporary architecture and the history of changes in the fabric and culture of the most important European urban centers. The world of the city represents not only the culture of architecture, but also a framework in which its creative possibilities are mostly defined.

ARCH 712-006 Architecture and Race, Charles Davis This course introduced students to the way that architecture and race intersect in architectural history, architectural theory and architectural form. The class provided students with a working knowledge of the most prominent definitions of race from the Enlightenment to the postwar period. This course primarily established the ways that Western architectural thought formalizes architecture and race, but non-Western cultures were analyzed in guest lectures and case studies.

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ARCH 713 Ecology, Technology and Design, William Braham This course examined the ecological nature of design at a range of scales, from the most intimate aspects of product design to the largest infrastructures, from the use of water in bathrooms to the flow of traffic on highways. It drew on the history and philosophy of technology, as well as the history and theory of ecological design to examine the interaction between the built environment and on the biosphere, and especially to investigate the dynamic, systematic effects that have resulted. Over the past few decades, the attention of environmentalists has turned from the control of pollution to the productive use of natural resources, and consequently we must understand the markets, fashions and technological cycles that drive consumption. The course asked both “how much is enough?” and “to what end” do we design and build.

ARCH 715 Seminar in Architectural Criticism: Memorials and Memory, Witold Rybczynski Since the beginning of civilization, people have built memorials in the form of monuments – steles, columns, arches, statues. The debate over exactly how to commemorate the victims and heroes of 9/11, particularly at the World Trade Center site, have raised – among other issues – the question of exactly what constitutes an appropriate memorial today. This seminar in architectural criticism explored and examined memorials – new and old – both in formal terms as well as in terms of content.

infrastructures proposed by Archigram itself - from relationships to urban infrastructures, especially transportation and communication technologies, to precedents in Victorian engineering, to influences of Gothic literature and 60’s science fiction, to ideas of event and happening, to other radical movements contemporary to Archigram’s rise and demise, especially Superstudio and Archizoom in Italy and the Situationists in Paris.

ARCH 722 Advanced Drawing Procedures: Behavior & Response, Rhett Russo The making of architecture is executed through the reading of lines, mathematically described to indicate the boundaries and relationships of materials. Central to the act of drawing is the act of invention; illusion precedes realization. Line, surface, shadow, and perspective, explored through different media, are the language of inquiry. As a laboratory to test both analog and digital media, the intent of the course was to test how modes of representation can reveal the qualitative aspects of spatial propositions. The course was organized as a series of loops between media, layering and capturing their intrinsic effects and intensifying the potential for new expression. A series of investigations paralleled discussions with artists and architects exploring representations of space and form. This course sought to engage the intuitive and ephemeral with the highly precise, recognizing that the act and the artifact of the drawing invite new possibilities for transformation.

ARCH 726 Furniture Design, Katrin Mueller-Russo ARCH 717 Urban Dynamics, Manuel DeLanda Cities are among the most complex entities that arise out of human activity. For some of these cities (Versailles, Washington DC) the process through which they emerge is not hard to grasp because it is planned to the last detail by a human bureaucracy. Other cities, such as Venice and its labyrinthine system of streets, emerged spontaneously without any central agency making the relevant decisions. But even those cities in which urban structure was the result of a deliberate act of planning, house many processes that, like Venice, represent the spontaneous emergence of order out of chaos. This seminar examined a variety of these processes, from markets to symbiotic nets of small producers, from epidemics of urban diseases to the creation of new languages and urban dialects. It also explored the interaction between these self-organized phenomena and centrally controlled processes that are the result of human planning.

ARCH 719 Archigram and its Legacy: London, a Technotopia, Annette Fierro Many of the visionary objectives of the 1960’s counter-cultural group Archigram neither began nor ended with the formation and dissolution of its membership and its brief stint of kitchencounter publications. The unconventional, exaggerated technologies so much a vehicle of its rhetorical mission re-emerged repeatedly in British Hi-Tech during the last 40 years. This course delved deeply into the particular siting of Archigram’s influence with British Hi-Tech, studying effects wrought as visionary architecture was made tangible, probing into actual technologies of contemporary building and the thinking behind various excesses. The course also examined buildings on a case study basis and many of Archigram’s visionary objectives often manifest in non-causal ways in contemporary London. It studied Archigram through London and London through Archigram’s visions. This entailed the construction of a network of influences and eventualities, paralleling the invasive and often subversive

This course provided a platform, in the form of furniture, to execute and deploy architectural and engineering principles at full scale. It was conducted as a seminar and workshop and introduced students to a variety of design methodologies that are unique to product design. The course engaged in many of the considerations that are affiliated with mass production; quality control, efficient use of material, durability, and human factors, such as comfort. Students conducted research into industrial design processes, both traditional and contemporary, and adapted these processes into techniques to design a prototype for limited production.

ARCH 728 Industrial Design, Josh Owen This course introduced students with design background in architecture, landscape architecture and engineering to the field of industrial design using a combination of seminar and workshop formats. The goal of the course was to inspire innovation in product development. By capitalizing on industrial design theory and process, which encourages the integration of engineering and business concerns along with the experience of human interaction and emotive qualities, students were encouraged to re-think a utilitarian product by exploring beyond models promulgated by disciplines that focus more exclusively on either form or function.

ARCH 731 Experiments in Structure, Peter McCleary and Mohamad Al Khayer This course studied the relationships between geometric space and those structural systems that amplify tension. Experiments using the hand (touch and force) in coordination with the eye (sight and geometry) were conducted during the construction and observation of physical models. Verbal, mathematical and computer models are secondary to the reality of the physical

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model. In typology, masonry structures in compression correlate with “classical” space, and steel or reinforced concrete structures in flexure with “modernist” space. We sought the spatial correlates to tensile systems of both textiles (woven or braided fabrics where both warp and weft are tensile) and baskets (where the warp is tensile and the weft is compressive).

Architects are becoming increasingly adept at producing complexity and integrating digital design and fabrication techniques into their design process - yet there are few projects that emanate an aesthetic sensibility. The seminar explored some of the instances in which designers are able to move beyond technique, by commanding them to such a degree in order to achieve nuances within the formal development of projects and guiding their development with a developed sensibility through iteration.

ARCH 732 Building Systems Integration, Ali Malkawi This course explored the interrelationships of environmental control systems by means of building type studies. Innovative systems were emphasized and a variety of projects including residential, educational and commercial buildings, office and assembly building were analyzed in detail. The main principles of “integrated building design” were illustrated and studies and the relationship between energy conservation and the principles of initial building cost versus life cycles costs were discussed.

ARCH 734 Architecture & Ecology, Muscoe Martin Architecture is an inherently exploitive act – we take resources from the earth and produce waste and pollution to make buildings. The construction industry is one of the single largest producers of greenhouse gas emissions in the United States as well as in other industrialized economies. Over the past ten years, a growing awareness of the negative environmental consequences of construction has led many designers to look for ways to change how we design and build in order to lessen these impacts. These efforts have produced a number of revised construction techniques, innovative design tools, new products and marketing strategies, with significant effect on the building industry. This course explored the evolving notion of “sustainability” as it relates to the practice of architecture. We studied how energy conservation, resource efficiency, open space preservation and indoor environmental quality are affecting design. We learned to track the ecological scale effects of architectural design decisions. We critically reviewed the currently accepted metrics of sustainability including the LEEED® Green Building Rating System, the Ecological Footprint and other indicators. We investigated the integral connections between urban design, landscape architecture and hydrological engineering and their environmental impact.

ARCH 741-002 Experiments in Design Techniques - Architextiles, Jenny Sabin This course used a combination of seminar and workshop formats to explore new design techniques from a number of sources including advanced digital technology, natural models, advanced geometry and material practices in allied arts, crafts and design disciplines. It focused on the interface between algorithmic design techniques and fabricated material assemblies for the production of architextiles at a range of scales and applications. The course considered historical and architectural connections between computation and textile fabrication and contemporary applications in scripting and generative models. Case studies were studied to explore subjects from responsive surface architectures in biology and buildings to diagrid structures at the scale of skyscrapers.

ARCH 743 Form and Algorithm, Cecil Balmond / Justin Diles / Daniel Bosia The seminar studied non-Cartesian, non-linear geometries and forms, from their inception and conceptualization to their realization in the form of space, program, circulation and structure. It investigated the unit (cell, bit, module), its relationship to the whole (body, program, building) and its environment within the context of generative and algorithmic design. It showed the organization of new forms of structure, demonstrating how these models can operate at various scales and levels in the built environments and investigated the role of material feedback in abstract systems. The seminar illustrated the power of numbers and number systems as means of generating form and structure and explained how new geometries and forms are generated through the use of tools, demonstrating how these tools are important instruments of design.

ARCH 739 Building Pathology, Michael Henry ARCH 744-001/002 Digital Fabrication, Ferda Kolatan and David Ruy This course addressed the deterioration and failures of buildings and their component systems. It included the technical aspects of materials and building failures, as well as the social and economic forces that also affect the fate of a built environment. Students were exposed to the techniques and vocabulary of construction, building failure assessment, restoration processes, and the techniques and methods of monitoring and testing buildings. Case studies were reviewed. For all of these topics, the course explored the various ways buildings deteriorate and fail physically, and the techniques of measuring and monitoring buildings for the purpose of assessing or foreseeing these changes.

This seminar investigated the fabrication of digital structures using rapid prototyping (RP) and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) technologies, which offered the production of building components directly from 3D digital models. In contrast to the industrial-age paradigms of prefabrication and mass production in architecture, this course focused on the development of repetitive non-standardized building systems (mass-customization) through digitally controlled variation and serial differentiation. Various RP and CAM technologies were introduced with examples of use in contemporary building design and construction.

ARCH 752 Case Studies in Urban Design, Michael Larice ARCH 741-001 Elegance in Digital Design, Ali Rahim This seminar explored systemic thinking and digital design techniques yielding architectural forms that have aesthetic aspirations. The mastery of techniques, whether in design, production or both, does not necessarily yield great architecture. As we all know, the most advanced techniques can still yield average designs.

Through three case studies and a final project, this course explored several fundamentally different ways in which the urban design process is realized in this country: the campus as historical prototype and contemporary paradigm; the new community, both modernist and neo-traditionalist; expansion/relocation of CBD; and urban/suburban in-fill. Particular emphasis was placed on the

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roles of planning, historic preservation and landscape architecture in the practice of urban design.

ARCH 762 Design and Development, Witold Rybczynski Many factors affect architectural design, including architectural style, building technology, functional demands, social needs, and the forces of the marketplace. The examples discussed focused on the places where we live, work, shop and play. This course introduced the relationship between architectural design and real estate development. Topics included domestic design, planned communities, and new urbanism.

ARCH 765 Project Management, Chip Arena This course introduced students to techniques and tools of managing the design and construction of large and small construction projects. Topics included project delivery systems, management tools, cost-control and budgeting systems, and professional roles. Cost and schedule control systems were described and case studies illustrated the application of techniques in the field.

ARCH 768-401/402 Real Estate Development, Asuka Nakahara/ Jonathan Weller This course analyzed the development process in terms of the different functions performed by real estate developers and architects, and the interrelationships between these two professions. Emphasis was placed on property evaluation, site planning, building design, underlying economics and discounted cash flow analysis.

ARCH 780 Architecture in the Schools, William Braham “Architecture in the Schools” is a 20+ year program of teaching architecture in Philadelphia area schools run by the American Institute of Architects. As a participant in the AIE (Architecture in Education) program, students have the opportunity to work directly with children in the classroom making an impact on their lives and on the future of our neighborhoods and cities. Students worked with a classroom teacher and a design professional to develop a weekly series of eight (1 – 1 ½ hour) interdisciplinary experiential lessons using the built environment as a laboratory to create stimulating new ways of seeing, learning, and doing.

NEWS

STANDING FACULTY Cecil Balmond had a major retrospective of his work, Cecil Balmond: Frontiers of Architecture, at the Louisiana Museum of Modern Art, Copenhagen. William Braham published “OfficeLand” in VIA: Occupation, and “Rethinking Technology: What do systems want?” in ARCC/EAAE Conference Proceedings. He gave lectures at the Pratt Institute, Louisiana State University, Design on the Delaware, AIA Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania, and the Renaissance Society of the University of Chicago. Helene Furjan published essays in 306090: Models, Journal of Architectural Education, and Journal for the Society of Architectural Historians. She gave a lecture at Cornell University and participated in a forum at the Architecture League of New York and a seminar at the Thyssen-Barnesmisza Art Contemporary Foundation. At Penn she organized Conversation 2: Surface and Depth as well as Reconfiguring Design and participated in the symposium, Terms of Engagement. She served as faculty advisor for VIA: Occupation, the first edition of the School of Design’s book series.

Witold Rybczynski delivered the Charles Atherton Memorial Lecture at the National Building Museum in Washington, DC. He also gave talks to the Southern California chapter of Classical America/Institute for Classical Architecture, Los Angeles and delivered the annual Mary Tefft White Lecture at Roger Williams University in Bristol, RI, and lectured at the Palladium Museum in Greenwich, CT. His latest book, Last Harvest: From Cornfield to New Town, which was named one of the ten best books of 2008 by the editors of Planetizen, appeared in paperback. He also contributed a chapter to The National Mall: Rethinking Washington’s Monumental Core, eds., Nathan Glazer & Cynthia R. Field, and the introduction to Appleton & Associates, Architects: New Classicists, and Insight and On-Site: The Architecture of Diamond and Schmitt. Marion Weiss’s firm, Weiss/Manfredi received an Environmental Design Research Association (EDRA) for Olympic Sculpture Park, Seattle, WA. The firm published a new monograph, Weiss Manfredi Architects: Surface/Subsurface, with introduction by David Leatherbarrow, interviews by Detlef Mertins, and afterword by Mohsen Mostafavi. The firm won the international competition to design the new Taekwondo Park in Muju, Korea. LECTURERS

Ali Malkawi, with PhD candidate Ravi Srinivasan, authored and presented the paper “Energy-based Decision Support System for Facilities Management” at the reputed International Building Performance Simulation Association Conference in Beijing, China. Stephen Kieran and James Timberlake’s were awarded the 2008 AIA Architecture Firm Award. The highest award bestowed by the AIA, it recognizes a practice that consistently has produced distinguished architecture for at least 10 years. Kieran and Timberlake were awarded The Mithun/Russell Family Foundation Professorship in Sustainability by the University of Washington. David Leatherbarrow received a senior scholar fellowship from the Fulbright Hays Commission for “Architecture and the Latent City.” Detlef Mertins lectured at the Illinois Institute of Technology, Pratt Institute, NJIT, Rice University, and University of South Florida. He published interviews in Manfredi Weiss Architects: Surface/ Subsurface and Interact or Die! and participated in Olafur Eliasson’s conference, Life in Space 3. Mertins organized the first comprehensive exhibition of student work from the Master of Architecture program, WORK WORK WORK, and the conference, Terms of Engagement: Roundtables on Architectural Education. Enrique Norten’s firm was awarded the Excellence in Architecture and Design Award by PODER, The Boston Consulting Group Business Awards. Norten was also honored with the Legacy Award for Design by the Smithsonian Latino Center of the Smithsonian Institution. The Museo de Arte Contemporéneo de Monterrey mounted a major retrospective exhibition titled, Enrique Norten: Intentions. Ali Rahim delivered public lectures at the Media Centre Lume, Helsinki, University of Innsbruck, American University of Sharjah, UAE, University of Toronto, and Universitat Internacional de Catlunya, Barcelona. Rahim’s firm, Contemporary Architecture Practice, received the ‘Product of the Month’ award by Architecture Record for their light fixture for Ivalo Lighting titled “Opale”. CAP’s work was also exhibited at international venues, including the Serpentine Gallery, London, Westergasfabriekterrein, Amsterdam, the ‘Performalism’ exhibition at The Tel Aviv Museum of Art, and the ‘Home Delivery’ exhibition at the Museum of Modern Art, New York.

Amale Andraos and her firm WORK Architecture Company (New York) won a series of invited competitions including the MoMA/ PS1 Contemporary Art Center’s YAP competition, the Clark Museum at MASS MoCA and the Children’s Museum of the Arts in New York City. Their headquarters for Diane von Furstenberg Studio won a 2008 Masterwork Award from the Municipal Arts Society. They were invited to design a villa in Inner Mongolia as part of Ai Wei Wei’s Ordos 100. WORKac was selected for the Architectural League’s “Emerging Voices” lecture series, the Architecture Foundation’s ‘Winter Nights’ lecture series in London, the Venice Biennale and was nominated for the Chernikhov Prize. Their project for the PS1 courtyard, PF 1 (Public Farm One), took the form of a mini-farm planted in sections of large paper-tubes, joined and suspended in the air as a flying carpet. Phu Hoang (with Hwa-Seop Lee, MArch ’08) was awarded Special Mention in the Sudapan ‘Endless (s)trips’ competition for Every Man’s Land. His firm was also selected for the short list for the Environmental Tectonics 2.0 competition organized by the Architectural Association in London. Matthias Hollwich, with his partner Marc Kushner and PennDesign students TJ O’Keefe, Robert May, Ben Muller, Hwaseop Lee and Jonathan Kowalkoski (all MArch ’08), were awarded the IBM Engineering Innovation Award by the History Channel in the competition ‘Future City.’ Their design, MEtreePOLIS, is based on projecting real developments in the field of genetic manipulation into the future. Hina Jamelle’s work was published in 1000 x Architecture of the Americas, Digital Architecture Now, “Panoramiques.’ 2.1. Microsoft Magazine, Ihani Koti, A+U, Arkitekten Denmark, Architecture Magazine New York, Harvard Design Magazine and Yale Constructs. Her student work was selected for Surface Magazine, Avant-Guardian Issue.

Ferda Kolatan’s firm, su11 architecture+design, was selected as a finalist for the MoMA/PS1 2008 Competition. Their project was exhibited at MoMA. His firm’s project Composite House was exhibited in USELESS, Washington DC, and the project duneHouse was exhibited at the Center for Contemporary Art in Warsaw and Norskform’s DogA, Oslo. Kolatan joined the NonLinear Systems Organization (NSO) as a Senior Researcher. He participated in the symposium on Non-linear Fabrication (NSO) and lectured at the Institute for Advanced Architecture of Catalonia in Barcelona. Josh Owen lectured at Fabrica; Benetton’s Communication Research Centre, Nuova Accademia Di Belle Arti (Milan), The Rhode Island School of Design, The Art Institute of Chicago, The Cranbrook Academy, and Pratt Institute. His projects were featured in international publications and in the exhibitions Salone del Mobile in Milan Italy, The International Contemporary Furniture Fair in New York and Art Basil/Design Miami. He received an honorable mention for the Red Dot Design Award in Germany, the Chicago Athenaeum Good Design award and first place for the International Design Award. He was named the Craig R. Benson Chair for Innovation at Philadelphia University. His latest project “SOS Stool” for Casamania was selected for the permanent design collection of Centre National d’Art et de Culture Georges Pompidou in Paris. Jenny Sabin, together with Peter Lloyd Jones, received the AIA Upjohn Research Grant and the UPenn Research Facilities Development Grant. Her project, Branching Morphogenesis was exhibited at Siggraph 2008 Design and Computation Gallery, Los Angeles. Sabin organized the exhibition of student work, Fiber, at the F.U.E.L. Collection, Philadelphia. Her work was also shown in the exhibit, Aesthesia, Carbondale, IL. Her student work was featured in the catalog for the MoMA exhibition, Design and Elastic Mind. Her work was published in A+U, 10+1, Acadia 2008: Silicon + Skin, Siggraph Electronic Art and Animation catalog and IASS Shell and Spatial Structures. David Ruy’s firm Ruy Klein had a solo exhibition at Rhode Island School of Design and participated in the group exhibition, “Useless,” at Project 4 Gallery in Washington DC. Ruy organized the conference Nonlinear Fabrication and participated in Aura and Cross-Catalytic Architectures, and lectured at Rhode Island School of Design, The City College of New York, Illinois Institute of Technology, and Florida International University. Srdjan Jovanovic Weiss and his firm, NAO, were selected by Ai Wai Wai as one of 100 international architects to design a villa in the city of Ordos, Inner Mongolia for Jiang Yuan Water Engineering Ltd.

STUDENT NEWS Yasmin Bhombal and LaToya Nelson’s 3rd year design studio project, completed with instructor Matthias Hollwich, was selected for inclusion in the publication, :output 11, a yearbook of projects selected by a diverse jury. Bhombal and Nelson’s project is titled E:TOX and was the result of a studio titled Econic = ecology + icon. Mark Hughes (MArch ’09) was named Director of Sustainability for the City of Philadelphia by Mayor Michael A. Nutter. Hughes joins the Nutter administration from the University of Pennsylvania’s Fox Leadership Program where he has been a Distinguished Senior Fellow since 1999. He will also serve as a Senior Advisor to the Mayor. Morgan Martinson (MArch ’08) and Tonya Markiewicz (MArch ‘08), co-editors of the architectural journal VIA: Occupations, were awarded the 2008 Douglas Haskell Award for Student Journalism by the Center for Architecture, AIA-NY. John Sands (PhD Program) was awarded a Kate Neal Kinley Memorial Fellowship by the University of Illinois UrbanaChampaign. The fellowship will fund his dissertation research on Viennese designer Josef Frank and a translation of his 1931 critique Architektur als Symbol. Bridget Schmelzer (MArch ’09) was awarded 1st prize in the international design competition “Tectonics – Making Meaning” at the University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands with her entry “The Tectonics of Relaxation.” Wei Wang (MArch ’09) was awarded the 2nd place prize in the AIA West Jersey Student Design competition. Wang’s project, “Museum of Energy” was the result of a 2nd year studio completed with Phu Hoang during the fall 2007 semester. The ULI Hines Urban Design competition acknowledged architecture students who competed on teams with a total of five students representing at least three disciplines. The first prize team included Wei Wang; honorable mention went to a team including Alex Feldman and Joseph Hoepp; and, finally, Carrie Bergey and Hernaldo Flores participated on a team that made it to the final round of competition. The PennDesign student journal, VIA, was reborn as an independent book series with an inter-disciplinary and collaborative to topics in contemporary design. The first new issue, titled Occupation, was edited by Morgan Martinson, Tonya Markiewicz, and Helene Furjan (faculty advisor) and is available through Amazon. Other key roles were played by Jonathan Asher, Clark M. Thenhaus, Lily Jencks, Yadiel RiveraDiaz, Sarah Peck, John Sands, Brad Liebin, Dave Hood, Chau Nguyen, Matthew Kelly, Yuteki Dozono, Gabriela Sarhos; staff included Yasmin Bhombal, K.T. Anthony Chan, Aaron Cohen, Daniel Hammerman, Ryan Keerns, Kevin Kehler, Pablo Kohan, Alexander Lee, Melinda McMillan, Jeffrey Minor, Alex Gabriel Muller, and Sarah Savage.

STUDENT PRIZES AND AWARDS American Institute of Architects Henry Adams Medal First Prize: Andrew Schlatter Second Prize: Abdulla Abdul Aziz Al Shamsi Arthur Spayd Brooke Memorial Prize Gold Medal: Jacob Levine Silver Medal: Andrew Lucia Bronze Medal: Kevin Kehler Paul Philippe Cret Medal Robert May Paul Philippe Cret Prize Alexander Dunham Harry E. Parker Prize Andrew Schlatter Alpha Rho Chi Medal Morgan Martinson Warren Powers Laird Award Andrea Hansen Charles Merrick Gay Scholarship Johnny C. Lin Samuel K. Schneidman Fellowship Kara B. Medow Frank Miles Day Memorial Prize Natalie Golnazarians Harlan Coornvelt Memorial Medal Nathaniel Rogers Mario J. Romanach Fellowship Angela C. Spadoni James Smyth Warner Memorial Prize Kyu Ho Chun Faculty Prize Ann C. Wright Walter R. Leach II Fellowship Bridget Schmelzer T-Square Club Fellowship Kristen Lee Smith Susan Cromwell Coslett Traveling Fellowship Ginna Nguyen Mr. and Mrs. William L. Van Alen Traveling Fellowship Wei Wang

Will M. Mehlhorn Scholarship 500-Level First Prize: Andrew Hansen Second Prize: Katherine W. Mandel Third Prize: Nathaniel Rogers 600-Level First Prize: Lily Jencks Second Prize: Emily Bernstein Ph.D./MSArch Program First Prize: Andrew Tripp Second Prize: Stephen Anderson The Donald Prowler Memorial Prize Gregory Hurcomb Albert F. Schenck- Henry Gillette Woodman Scholarship First Prize: S. Popowsky Second Prize: Joseph M. Littrell Honorable Mention: Virginia E. Melnyk E. Lewis Dales Traveling Fellowships Emily Bernstein Young-Suk Choi Kyu Ho Chun Kimberly Cooper David Ettinger Joshua Freese Kena Fukunishi Michael Jacobs Yosuke Kawai Hyunsoo Kim Pablo Kohan Jaeyoung Lee Jongwon Lee Joseph Leffelman Noah Levy Danish Lewis Kristi Loui Christopher Mackowiak Kara Medow Todd Montgomery Vahit Muskara Bridget Schmelzer Angela Spadoni Wei Wang Daniel Whipple Difeng Zhou 2007 John Stewardson Memorial Scholarship in Architecture First Prize: Ryan Keerns Second Prize: Megan Born Honorable Mention: Andrew Ruggles

EVENTS

FALL 2006 LECTURE SERIES

SPRING 2008 LECTURE SERIES

September 13 Gluckman Mayner Architects: Work Richard Gluckman, Gluckman Mayner Architects

January 30 Resistance Billie Tsien and Tod Williams, Tod Williams Billie Tsien Architects Ewing Cole Lecture Series Sponsored by Ewing Cole Architects and the Department of Architecture

September 27 Scratching the Surface: The Work of Lyons Corbett Lyon Lyons Architecture; Professor and Professional Fellow, University of Melbourne October 2 We have Always Been Digital Eran Neuman OSA (Open Source Architecture); Director, T_CODE (Technion’s Computer Oriented Design) October 8 NET ZERO: Climate Neutrality at the University of Pennsylvania William Braham, Associate Professor and Associate Chair of Architecture, PennDesign The Don Prowler Lecture Muscoe Martin, M2 Architecture; Lecturer, PennDesign Sponsored by the Don Prowler Fund and PennDesign October 10 The iT Factor Linda Taalman & Alan Koch Taalman Koch Sponsored by the Institute for Contemporary Art and the Department of Architecture October 18 Tomorrow Albert Pope, Associate Professor, Rice University November 19 From Outside-In to Inside-Out Jesse Reiser, Reiser + Umemoto, New York, NY; Associate Professor, Rice University

February 18 Deconstructing Campanas Fernando and Humberto Campana Integrated Product Design (IPD) Lecture Sponsored by Lisa Roberts and David Seltzer & the IPD Lecture Series Fund February 21 Time/Space Pressure – The Electronic Image of Architecture Mabel Wilson, Assistant Professor of Urban Planning, Columbia GSAPP February 29 From Word to Action to Architecture Vito Acconci Acconci Studio Co-sponsored by the Department of the History of Art, the Slought Foundation and the Department of Architecture March 20 High-Tech Ecology Werner Sobek Werner Sobek International Engineering & Design; Director, Institute for Lightweight Structures and Conceptual Design (ILEK) Sheldon Fox / Kohn Pedersen Fox Lecture Series Sponsored by Kohn Pedersen Fox and the Department of Architecture April 10 Hox Aesthetics Mark Goulthorpe, deCOi Atelier; Associate Professor Architecture, MIT Co-sponsored by the Department of Architecture, Department of Engineering and PennDesign

CONFERENCE Aura September 24: Design Work September 25: Motivations September 26: Inspirations Organized by Ali Rahim Participants: Hernan Diaz Alonso, Preston Scott Cohen, Ferda Kolatan, William MacDonald, Ali Rahim, David Ruy, Kivi Sotama, Lars Spuybroek

April 17 Disco Décor Sylvia Lavin, Professor Architecture, UCLA April 23 Simplicity is Complex John Maeda, Director, Rhode Island School of Design Integrated Product Design Program Lecture Sponsored by Lisa Roberts and David Seltzer and the IPD Lecture Series Fund

BOOK LAUNCH BOOK LAUNCH November 12 AT-INdex Winka Dubbeldam

March 26 Surface / Subsurface Marion Weiss and Michael Manfredi

EXHIBITIONS

SYMPOSIUM

January 22–31 WORK WORK WORK from the Architecture Studios at PennDesign Organized by Detlef Mertins with Nadine Kashlow Meyerson Hall Galleries

April 3–4 NONLINEAR FABRICATION – THE NLSO ANNUAL CONFERENCE

After several years of intensively developing our curriculum, this exhibition featured student work from all levels of the graduate design studios, including the post-professional program.

Organized by David Ruy Sponsored by the Department of Architecture, the NLSO and Bentley Systems Keynote: Manuel DeLanda

April 21–25 Jenny Sabin with Peter Lloyd Jones and Philip Beesley presented the exhibition, Fiber: Architecture, Textile Structures, Computation and Biology at the F.U.E.L. Collection in Philadelphia in April 2008, featuring work by students Jonathan Asher, Emily Bernstein, Megan Born, A J Chan, Adam Fenner, Kenta Fukunishi, Marguerite Graham, Katherine Harvey, Boyu Hu, Ryan Keerns, Amanda Lember, Andy Lucia, Lauren MacCuaig, Austin McInerny, Jonathan Mickle, Misako Murata, Chau Nguyen, Andrew Ruggles, Erica Savig, Bridgit Schmelzer, and Kristen Smith. Sponsored by Bentley Systems with thanks to PennDesign.

Current Research at the NLSO Moderator: Cecil Balmond Participants: Winka Dubbeldam, Ferda Kolatan, Peter Lloyd Jones, Anne Plant, Jenny Sabin, Roland Snooks, Theo Spyropoulos Without Tools, the Future of Fabrication Moderator: David Ruy Participants: Behrokh Khoshnevis, Andrew Snow, Marcelo Spina, peter testa, Chris Tuck, Tom Wiscombe Closing Comments Moderators: Cecil Balmond and David Ruy Participants: William Braham, Winka Dubbeldam, Behrokh Khoshnevis, Detlef Mertins, Anne Plant, Theo Spyropoulos, Peter Testa, Chris Tuck, Tom Wiscombe

January 17 SURFACE AND DEPTH: BETWEEN ARCHITECTURE AND LANDSCAPE Interdepartmental debate hosted by PennDesign and VIA Moderators: Helene Furjan, Karen M’Closkey Participants: Anita Berrizbeita, Jim Corner, Phu Hoang, Keith Kaseman, Cathrine Veikos, Marion Weiss

January 24 TERMS OF ENGAGEMENT: ROUNDTABLES ON ARCHITECTURAL EDUCATION Convened by Detlef Mertins, Chair, Architecture, PennDesign Sponsored by Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP & PennDesign The goals of the Penn Compact, which President Amy Gutmann announced three years ago to galvanize the mission of the University of Pennsylvania, focus on the integration of knowledge across disciplines and on engagement, both locally and globally. These goals strike a chord in Architecture, long active in integrating across fields to create new knowledge, skills and modes of practice with which to engage the challenges of society. Terms of Engagement: Roundtables on Architectural Education used the topics of integration, innovation and engagement to take the pulse of architectural education today. It brought together leading figures within the field and from the sciences and humanities, engineering, business and allied design arts. It served to foreground how schools are evolving the expertise of our discipline both in depth and breadth, how they are educating for innovation and collaboration, forging links within the academy, with the world of practice, industry, and development, and with advocates for social and environmental activism. Architecture is experiencing an extraordinary renaissance in practice, fuelled by new technologies and material practices, advances in engineering and manufacturing, integration of information technology, crossovers with the sciences as well as visual arts and other design fields, a growing audience for design culture and ecological architecture, and a focus on creativity and innovation in leading firms as well as schools around the world. At the same time, society faces extraordinary challenges, most notably global warming and environmental change, pollution and waste, transition to new energy and resource economies, globalization, population growth, shrinkage and migration, transformation of cultural identities and social institutions, privatization of public sector responsibilities, and the reorganization of power worldwide. This conference explored how the expansion of expertise and creativity in architectural education can engage such challenges to launch students along trajectories of social entrepreneurialism and leadership.

INTEGRATE: Evolving Expertise and Modes of Practice PANELISTS

William Braham, Architecture, PennDesign Peter Lloyd Jones, PennMedicine & Institute for Medicine and Engineering David Leatherbarrow, Architecture, PennDesign Jean-Michel RabatĂŠ, Penn Arts & Sciences; Co-director, Slought Foundation Karen Van Lengen, Dean, School of Architecture, University of Virginia Marion Weiss, Architecture, PennDesign; Weiss/Manfredi Architects, New York RESPONDENTS

Helene Furjan, Architecture, PennDesign Nancy Steinhardt, Penn Arts & Science Cathrine Veikos, Architecture, PennDesign INNOVATE: Educating for Innovation in Design PANELISTS

Hitoshi Abe, Chair, Architecture & Urban Design, UCLA; Atelier Hitoshi Abe, Tokyo Cecil Balmond, Architecture, PennDesign; Director, Advanced Geometry Unit,

Arup, London

Winka Dubbeldam, Architecture, PennDesign; Archi-tectonics, New York Ali Malkawi, Architecture, PennDesign, Penn/Tsinghua T.C. Chan Center for Building

Simulation and Energy Studies

John Nastasi, Director, Product-Architecture Lab, Stevens Institute of Technology Karl Ulrich, Chair, Operations & Information Management, Penn Wharton School RESPONDENTS

William Braham, Architecture, PennDesign Annette Fierro, Architecture, PennDesign Ali Rahim, Architecture, PennDesign; CAP, New York Mark Yim, PennEngineering ENGAGE: Alternative models of social engagement PANELISTS

Lindsay Bremner, Chair, Architecture, Temple University Keller Easterling, Yale School of Architecture Stephen Kieran, Architecture, PennDesign; Kieran Timberlake Associates, Philadelphia Mohsen Mostafavi, Dean, Graduate School of Design, Harvard Enrique Norten, Architecture, PennDesign; TEN Arquitectos, Mexico City & New York Mark Robbins, Dean, Syracuse School of Architecture Witold Rybczynski, Architecture, PennDesign & Penn Wharton School Richard Wesley, PennDesign; Wesley Architects, Philadelphia RESPONDENTS

Anita Berrizbeitia, Landscape Architecture, PennDesign David Brownlee, Art History, Penn Arts & Sciences Matthias Hollwich, Architecture, PennDesign Michael Larice, Urban Design & City Planning, PennDesign

Peter Rae: ARCH 704 with Rhett Russo