Ιn out crisis unit5 by Alessandra Swiny

in/out

crisis [ Unit 5 ]

Architecture [ARC] University of Nicosia

Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

University of Nicosia

in/out

crisis [Unit 5 ]

University of Nicosia

Tutors Alessandra Swiny swiny.a@unic.ac.cy

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Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

Yiorgos Hadjichristou Hadjichristou.y@unic.ac.cy Michalis Georgiou georgiou.m@unic.ac.cy Natasa Christou n.christou@live.co.uk Course ARCH 401/501 ARCH 402/502 Website www.unit05.wordpress.com www.unit05.com

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Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

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The original, Greek meaning of the ciris-krisis is the ‘decision’. The definitions vary: “an unstable or crucial time; a crucial stage or turning point in the course of something; the decisive moment; the turning point; an unstable situation of extreme danger or difficulty affecting an individual, group, community, or whole society”

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University of Nicosia Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

Wrigleycoined coinedthe the provocMark Wigley provocative ative extremely and extremely challenging and challenging notion notion that, are “crises are ultimately that “crises ultimately producproductive”. He succinctly clarifies tive”. He succinctly clarifies that, that, “they invention - radical “they forceforce invention — radical dedestruction gives way newforms formsof struction gives way toto new of production” production”

Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

University of Nicosia

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Table of Contents Foreword p. 9 Foreword

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p. 6 Map Mapp. 10 p. 9 Project Description Project Description p. 12 p. 11 Essay: “In/Out Crisis: Emergent and Adaptive” Paper on In/ Out Crisis Emergent and Adaptive p. 14 p. 12

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Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

Projects by Region/Continent Projects by Region/ Continent Africa p. 22 Asia p. 30 Africa p. 21 Europe p. 46 Asia p. 28 South America p. 74 Europe p. 42 North America p. 70 SouthStudent AmericaCredits p. 82 p. 112 Students Info Faculty p. 102 p. 114 Faculty p.Readings 104 p. 116 Readings p.Workshops 106 p. 118 Workshops p. 108

Mark Wigley,’ Space in Crisis’, C-Lab*

*Wigley’s notion is the foundation for the investigations led in the Unit 5 ‘In/Out Crisis’

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Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

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“Crises are ultimately productive. They force invention. Radical destruction gives way to new forms of production. If an emergency can be at any scale, from a broken bone to a continent, what turns it into crisis is when its effect exceeds the local scale. Things spin out of scale and therefore out of control. The whole environment is threatened...”

in/out

crisis

Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

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University of Nicosia

[Unit 5 ]

This booklet focuses the work of Unit an5, architectural This booklet focusesononthe thequestions questionsraised raised by through the work of 5, Unit an architecresearch-based studiostudio at theat University of Nicosia, Cyprus. TheThe UnitUnit grasps a critical tural research-based the University of Nicosia, Cyprus. grasps a critimomentum, examining points a positivethem stateinofa mind in cal momentum, utilizing pointsofofcontention contentionor orcrisis crisis,with and examines positive state mind that generates new for ways and a with new approach to dealing withand discords order to of generate new approaches dealing discord within the built natthe built and natural environment. Its investigation takes to therethink opportunity reuralwithin environment. This investigation provides an opportunity urbantoand think the urban and architectural directions as newof generators of future inventions. architectural trajectories as potential generators future inventions. Unit sets the premise and the educational environment to respond to current TheThe studio’s premise and educational environment respond to current globalglobal ‘cri‘crises’, through an optimistic approach focusing current emergencysituations. situations.The The ses’ through an optimistic approach focusing on on current emergency is generate to generate intelligent strategiesthat thatproduce producenew potential and alternative soluaimaim is to intelligent strategies possibilities and alternaoffering an opportunity to continue an exploration into the corporeal and sensory tivetions; solutions, offering an opportunity to continue an exploration of the corporeal needs of the human being within emergent, adaptive, ‘built’ ecologies. and sensory needs of the human being within emergent, adaptive, ‘built’ ecologies.

165

150

ARCTIC

135

105

120

OCEAN Greenland Sea

Baffin Bay

Beaufort Sea

Norwegian Sea Davis Strait

Denmark

Ilulissat Strait Greenland [3]

Hudson Bay

Labrador Sea

North Sea

London, UK

Venice Italy Bologna Italy A G Mediter

Kansas City, MO USA Death Valley National Park United States

Mojave Desert [2] Gulf of United States Mexico

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OCEAN

Florida United States

Araouane Mali

Caribbean Sea

ATLANTIC

University of Nicosia

OCEAN

Prinzapolka Nicaragua 1

Guachapan, Venezuela

Gulf of Guinea

Porto Velho , Brazil

SOUTH

PACIFIC

Quillabamba Peru

OCEAN

Guajarรก-Mirim, Brazil

SOUTH ATLANTIC OCEAN

Sah

Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

NORTH PACIFIC

NORTH

Project Index on Crisis / Location : USA Flooding / GUAJARA MIRIM,BRAZILSOUTH AMERICA / GUAJARA MIRIM,BRAZILAFRICA: Flooding Flooding / GUAJARA MIRIM,BRAZIL Enviromental/Quilabamba S.America Enviromental/Centralia N.America / Mali, Saharra Desert / GUAJARA MIRIM,BRAZIL Flooding / GUAJARA MIRIM,BRAZIL Flooding / GUAJARA MIRIM,BRAZILFinancial Flooding Flooding/Guajara Brazil S.America Enviromental/Mojane Desert N.America Water drainage/ Koka lake, Ethioppia / GUAJARA MIRIM,BRAZILFlooding/ / GUAJARA MIRIM,BRAZIL Flooding / GUAJARA MIRIM,BRAZIL Flooding Flooding Social/Mojave Desert N.America Brazil Porto Velho S.America Enviromental/Florida S.America EUROPE Enviromental/Guachapala S.America Flooding / GUAJARA MIRIM,BRAZIL Flooding / GUAJARA MIRIM,BRAZIL Flooding / GUAJARA MIRIM,BRAZIL Enviromental-Social/Athens Greece

Flooding / GUAJARA MIRIM,BRAZIL

Flooding / GUAJARA MIRIM,BRAZIL Flooding / GUAJARA MIRIM,BRAZIL Revitalize/Peiraias Athens,Greece Social/Nicosia Cyprus

Flo

105

120

135

165

150

ARCTIC

180

OCEAN

Kara Sea

Laptev Sea 75

Barents Sea

East Siberian Sea

Chukchi Sea

orwegian Sea

Bering Sea

North Sea

Sea of Okhotsk

Lake Baikal

ndon, K Venice Italy Black Sea Bologna Istanbul Italy Athens,Turkey [2]

ouane i

of Guinea

Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

AZIL

Kesennuma, Japan N O R T H Minamisanriku, PACIFIC Japan Sandai, OCEAN Japan

Onagawa, Japan Sea of Japan

Cyrpus [10] Persian Gulf

Sahara Dessert

Guiyuzhen, China

Red Sea

Arabian Sea

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University of Nicosia

Greece Mediterranean Sea

Aral Sea

Caspian Sea

Philippine Sea

Bay of Bengal

15 South China Sea

Koka Lake Ethiopia

Kiribati Island, Pacific Ocean [2] 0

Coral Sea

Mozambique Channel

INDIAN OCEAN 30

Great Australian Bight

Tasman Sea 45

/ GUAJARA MIRIM,BRAZIL FloodingEUROPE

EUROPE ASIA / GUAJARA MIRIM,BRAZIL / GUAJARA MIRIM,BRAZIL Flooding Flooding

Unemployment/Nicosia Cyprus Enviromental/Bologna Italy Revitalize/Minamisan Riku Asia Tsunami/ destruction/Ksennuma Asia / GUAJARA MIRIM,BRAZIL GUAJARA MIRIM,BRAZIL Flooding / GUAJARA MIRIM,BRAZIL Flooding Flooding Flooding/Venice Italy Social/Nicosia Cyprus Earthquake/Istanbul Turkey Enviromental/Limassol Cyprus / GUAJARA MIRIM,BRAZIL FloodingEnviromental/Limassol Flooding / GUAJARA MIRIM,BRAZIL Flooding / GUAJARA MIRIM,BRAZIL Cyprus Social/Istanbul Turkey Enviromental/Paphos Cyprus Flooding/ Kiribati Islands Antartica FloodingEnviromental/Paphos Flooding / GUAJARA MIRIM,BRAZIL Flooding / GUAJARA MIRIM,BRAZIL / GUAJARA MIRIM,BRAZIL Cyprus Enviromental/Nicosia,Cyprus Enviromental/Buffer Zone Cyprus Flooding/Ilsulissat Greenland Enviromental-Social/Athens Greece

Flooding / GUAJARA MIRIM,BRAZIL

Electrical pollution/Guangdong Asia / GUAJARA MIRIM,BRAZIL Flooding / GUAJARA MIRIM,BRAZIL Flooding

Revitalize/Peiraias Athens,Greece

in/out

crisis

Thesis Unit 5 will focus in analogue and digital experimentation while combining the potential of digital fabrication and the insight of time tested vernacular applications. The Unit will focus on both analogue and and digital experimentation, integrating the possiUnit5 is interested in natural systems organisms and their ability to survive and bilities fabrication with the insights of time-tested vernacular techniques. evolveofbydigital adapting to their natural environments. The Unit is interested in natural systems and organisms and their ability to survive and evolve by adapting to their natural environments. STRUCTURE Phase 1: Learn STRUCTURE PHASE 1: LEARN We ‘start-over’ with an intensive period of learning to develop design methodologies and strategies to respond to crisis. In your group you will be asked to decompose a We begin with an intensive period toto develop design methodologies and condition of crisis. Individually youof willlearning be asked experiment with parametric logic strategies crisis. Inand each group,inyou willto bebuild asked tocollective research strateand dein regardsto torespond materials,tosystems behavior order your construct a condition of crisis. Individually, you will experiment with parametric logic gy. Skills will be developed using the following tools: Rhino 3D, Grasshoper, Kangaroo, inHoosnake, regards toVray, materials, systems andof behavior in order build collective and Ecotect. A set precedents that to you canachoose fromstrategy. within Skills will be developed using the tools: Rhino 3D, Grasshoper, Kangaroo, the following contexts will help tofollowing demonstrate digital and analogue experiments in Hoosnake, Vray, and Ecotect. A set of precedents will help demonstrate digital and the context of crisis. analogue experiments in the context of crisis.

Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

COURSEOUTLINE OUTLINE COURSE Narrative NARRATIVE Seeking new design possibilities through both theoretical and design based specuSeeking possibilities through both theoretical and design-based lations, new Unit design 5 explores the potentials in utilizing state-of-the-art technology, specproulations, Unit 5 studio explores thereusing potentials of utilizing state-of-the-art moting the sustainability, remaking and existing resources, re-informingtechthe nology; promoting sustainability, remaking existing resources; re-indesigner’s repertoire, and re-envisioning ourand livingreusing environment. The unit intends to forming the designer’s and innovate re-envisioning our living environment. investigate, invent, and repertoire; re-invent - thus in the architectural production. The unit intends to investigate, invent, re-invent, and thus push for innovation in architectural Notionsproduction. of material fabrication, production processes, self-sufficiency, infrastructuresconcerning risen ‘in/out’material of crisisfabrication, are defined through experimentation towards a positive Ideas production processes, self-sufficiency, and environmental and social impact. A series of workshops will support students to deinfrastructures created ‘in/out’ of crisis are defined through experimentation that velop a design toolbox and communications skills based on generative and associaaims towards positive environmental and social impact. A series of workshops will tive modelling techniques, digital fabrication and material experimentation. help students develop a toolbox of design and communication skills based on generative and associative modelling techniques, digital fabrication, and material experimentation. SCOPES Thesis SCOPE

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PHASEPhase 2: APPLY 2: Apply

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By utilizing what you have learnt so far through experimentation with the catalogue By utilizing what you have learnt so far through the catalogue of design languages of design languages and digital techniques, you will create a temporary ‘out-post’ and experiments explored, and the digital techniques learnt, you will create a tem(pod) for survival. At this point, you must take a stand! In the project, the interrelaporary Out-post (pod) for survival. At this point you must take a stand! In the protionships and connections are emphasized within the crisis context (connected or ject the interrelationships and connections are emphasized within the crisis context disconnected). The proposal should investigate the relationship between the ‘par(connect or disconnect). The proposal should aim towards a parasite (your survival asite’ (your survival and the ‘donor’ (the parameters contextual and parameters and conout-post) andout-post) donor relationship (contextual conditions). ditions). Principles: Principles: a. Relevance to your brief Phase 1 b. Conditions a. Relevance to your brief (from Phase 1) c. Self-Reliance b. Conditions d. Civic/ Social Responsibility (Symbiosis) c. Self-Reliance e. HighResponsibility Tech-Low Tech Fabrication methods d. Civic/Social (Symbiosis) e. High-Tech and Low-Tech Fabrication methods Phase 3: Realize PHASE 3: REALIZE Taking into consideration that up until now you have done the following: So far, you have: • Developed the manifesto of crisis • Updated your design box with advanced digital methods ++ Developed the manifesto oftool crisis • Tested your intention a small scale proposal ++ Updated your design toolboxinwith advanced digital methods ++ Tested your intention with a small scale proposal Now it’s time to identify the void of crisis in a global context. Research for a globalized situation based on socialinoraenvironmental that your proposal Now you must identify theextreme void of crisis global context.cases Research a global situa-could haveon a huge positive impact on. Think about ways that on your resilient tion based extreme social or environmental case studies which yourmicrocosm proposal developed in Phase 2 could expand andabout explore thethat possibilities of your system being might have a huge positive impact. Think ways the resilient microcosm applied in macro-scale. you developed inaPhase 2 could expand and explore the possibilities of applying your system on a macro scale. Principles: Principles: a. What is it? b. Where is it? The site: ++ What is it? c. For who is it? The scale: ++ Where is it? The site: d. Materiality: ++ For who is it? The scale: ++ Materiality: WORKSHOPS

Tested your intention with a small scale proposal The aim of these workshops is to encourage the use of digital software and hardware in order to improve your skills and abilities for your architectural proposals. Through WORKSHOPS practical exercises and hands on learning you will be trained on various digital-anaThe aimlogue of these workshops is to encourage the use of digital software and and mapping hardwaretechexperiments, various ways of architectural representation in orderniques to improve your skills for your proposals. Through practical exas well as principles and architectural guidelines of dynamic representation and composiercises tion. and hands-on learning, of you willworkshop be trainedwill inbe digital-analogue experiments; A detail assignment each given individually. various methods of architectural representation; mapping techniques; and principles and guidelines of dynamic representation and composition. A detail assignment for each workshop will be given individually.

Existing crises areare accepted as they exist now, the then expand, Existing crisissituations situations understood and accepted asstudents they exist now. The stuand mutate design ideas into different forms that may well fade away and remerge dents then expand and mutate design ideas into different forms that may well fade – for we accept that no natural environment or cause of a crisis can be tamed or conaway and re-emerge: we accept that no natural environment or cause of a crisis can trolled. We must learn to live with them and adapt. Not vice versa. It is accepted that be tamed or controlled. We must learn to adapt and live with environmental chalextreme weather and other conditions will inevitably change the built environment lenges, not ignore or resist them. It is accepted that extreme weather and other in one or other way and our lives along with it. New urban morphologies evolve. Unit conditions will inevitably change the built environment, and our lives along with it. 5 focuses on the opportunities created in a crisis situation - not the negative reperNew urban morphologies will evolve. Unit 5 focuses on the opportunities created in cussions, in order to envision the new ways the Changing Cities direction can genera crisis situation, rather than the negative repercussions, in order to envision new ate evolution of the urban realm into the emergence of unique living environments. ways that the urban realm can evolve within changing cities to allow for the emergenceIN/ of unique living environments. CRISIS Crisis definition CRISIS IN/ The original, Greek meaning of the ciris-krisis is the ‘decision’. The definitions vary: “an unstable or crucial time; a crucial stage or turning point in the course of someCrisis definition thing; decisive moment; theofturning point; an unstable situation of extreme vary: dan- “an The the original Greek meaning the ciris-krisis is ‘decision’. The definitions ger or difficulty affecting anaindividual, group, orin whole society” unstable or crucial time; crucial stage or community, turning point the course of[2]. something; Crises are generally deemed be negative in the security,of economic, the decisive moment; the to turning point;changes an unstable situation extreme politidanger or cal, societal,affecting or environmental affairs, especially when they occursociety” abruptly,[2]. with little are difficulty an individual, group, community, or whole Crises orgenerally no warning. deemed to be negative changes in the security, economic, political, societal, or environmental affairs, especially when they occur abruptly, with little or no Sites in Crisis warning. The site conditions investigated in the Unit were critical for the structure and the deSites in Crisis velopment of the methodology of the Unit. Related to the examined crisis in one or The way, site conditions other directly or investigated in Unit 5 were critical for the structure and the development of the studio’s methodology. The physical terrains and the artificial

Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION The current global crisis and the unprecedented economic crisis in Cyprus has influThe global financial and unprecedented crisis in Cyprus enced and affected allcollapse the strata ofthe social life. Moreovereconomic it has began to trigger an has influencedsense and affected all new strata of social life.out Moreover, it has triggered unexunexpected of deriving ‘opportunities’ of the ‘negative’ situationan and pected sense deriving new ‘opportunities’ kick started newof ways of thinking and reacting. out of this ‘negative’ situation and inspired new ways of thinking and reacting. Mark Wrigley coined the provocative and extremely challenging notion that, “crises Mark Wigleyproductive”. coined the provocative extremely challenging notion that, “crises are ultimately He succinctlyand clarifies that, “they force invention - radical are ultimately He succinctly clarifies “they force invention—raddestruction givesproductive”. way to new forms of production” [1].that, This stance towards the globdestruction gives way new forms of production” [1].ofThis stance towards alical state of crisis intrigued andto definitely defined the premises the Unit 5 ‘In/Out of the global state ofand crisis definedathe premise of the Unit ‘In/Out of5th Crisis, Crisis, emergent adaptive’, research-based studio in 5 the 4th and yearemergent of the and adaptive’, a research-based studio in the 4th and 5thCyprus. year of the architecture architecture professional degree at the University of Nicosia, professional degree at the University of Nicosia, Cyprus. Unit 5 carefully observes a variety of contention and crisis cases and situations. It Unit 5 carefully examines a variety of situations of contention and crisis. The studio tries to understand their causes, their impacts, their scientific mechanisms and all employs a holistic approach in order to understand the causes, impacts, and scienwith a holistic approach. It then grasps a critical momentum, utilizing points of contific mechanisms these case a creative critical momentum, tention or crisis, and of examines themstudies. further inGrasping a positive, state of mind.students This are encouraged to analyse thesethat situations of crisis and contention with a ways positive, attitude is the sparking mechanism generates innovative and experimental creative of mind. This attitude is the sparking mechanism generates innoand a new state approach to dealing with discords of the relationship of that the human made vative, experimental thinking new approaches for dealing with discords and natural environments. It setsand thecreates premises to rethink the urban and architectural in the relationship betweenofhuman-made and natural environments. The goal is to directions as new generators future inventions. rethink urban and architectural trajectories as generators of future inventions.

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IN/OUT OF CRISIS: EMERGENT AND ADAPTIVE IN/OUT OF CRISIS: EMERGENT AND ADAPTIVE Text by Alessandra Swiny, Michalis Georgiou and Yiorgos Hadjichristou Text by Alessandra Swiny, Michalis Georgiou and Yiorgos Hadjichristou

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sites were examined closely in relation to the examined crisis, whether directly or indirectly,ininsmall smallororlarge largescale. scale,Relentless the physical terrains or the artificialinspired sites were indirectly, global climatic changes theexamined closely. The global climatic, inspired thethem students to understand deal with a big varistudents to deal with a largerelentless variety ofchanges conditions, urging first to etysource of conditions, urging them first to visit the source of the crisis situations. the of the crisis situations. The Local Local Sites sites Amongthe theselected sites chosen were located locally on the island of Cyprus. The Renegative Among sites,several several were located nearby on the island of Cyprus. affectstopics of flight paths, the an airport, theeffects un-prohibited vehicles, and the radioacsearch included negative of flightaccess paths, of anthe airport, the un-prohibtiveaccess sites ofofthe haveand intruded upon the environmentally sensitive and vital, yet polited theBases vehicles, the radioactive sites of the Military Bases that have luted salt lakesthe of both Larnaca and sensitive Limassol. and Alsovital, the contaminated abandoned intruded upon environmentally yet polluted salt lakes ofLakatamia both industrial and later parkAlso area,studied the unstable, moving terrains in the villages ofLakatamia Pafos area and Larnaca and Limassol. were the contaminated abandoned the ambiguous territory of theas Dead Zonethe in Nicosia caught the interest industrial area (later adapted a park); unstable, moving terrainsofinthe thestudents villag- and the basis forand their initial investigations and of data and analysis. eswere of Pafos area; the ambiguous territory thegathering Buffer/Dead Zone in Nicosia. These sites were the basis for initial investigations, data gathering, and analysis. The Global sites Among the chosen international sites and conditions, to name a few, are the currently: Global Sites floodedothers, villagesthe of Nicaragua’s sensitive ecosystem; and sinking and flooded Venice; Among selected international sites andunique conditions include the flooded sand engulfed settlements in Mali; polluted and retracting coral reefs of the Australia; villages of Nicaragua’s sensitive ecosystem; sinking and flooding in Venice; sand-en-burning and explosive underground coal and mineretracting of Centralia, USA. gulfed settlements in Mali; polluted coral reefs in Australia; and a con-

tinuously burning underground coal mine in Centralia, USA. The Global - Local sites The conditions and results of the local explorations were expected to serve as useful mateThe Global - Local Sites rial for the more global sites. And vice versa, the students who dealt with the alluring distant The conditions and results of the explorations of local sites in Cyprus served as usedestinations for their sites realized that their explorations could in many ways contribute to ful material for the investigations of global sites, and vice versa. The students who the local resolutions for sites in crisis. dealt with distant destinations realized that their explorations could in many ways The situations of emergency however do vary from a small to a global scale. “If an emercontribute to local resolutions for sites in crisis. Situations of emergency, however, gency can be at any scale, from a broken bone to a continent, what turns it into crisis is when do from a smallthe tolocal a global scale. “IfWigley an emergency can systemic be at anyimpact scale, from itsvary effect exceeds scale”. Mark expands the of theacrisis broken bone to to a continent, what limits turnsby it into crisis effect exceeds the and which extends unprecedented stating, “inisa when crisis, its things spin out of scale local scale”.out Mark Wigley expands the systemic impact of the crisis which extendssituatherefore of control. The whole environment is threatened…” Such emergency totions unprecedented limits by stating, “in a crisis, spin the outenvironment of scale and therefore may lead to unpredictable expansions thatthings may harm irreversibly [1]. out control. Thestudents whole environment threatened.” Such emergency situations Onof the one hand realized that is they could explore cases of crisis that seem to be may lead to unpredictable expansions that may harm the environment irreversibly either remote and ‘foreign’ or delve into local and familiar crisis unique for the specific place, [1]. chosethey whether explore cases of crisis that seemed remote and ‘for-ways. butStudents for both cases couldto adapt outcomes and gained experience in very creative eign,’ or, other instead, to they delvestarted into local and familiarthat crises. the process, theycrisis started On the hand understanding oneInfaraway location’s may beunderstanding that one faraway crisis maystudents be relevant to theircollaborative local proj- and come theirs and vice versa. Bothlocation’s realizations led the to become ect, and vice This collaborative respect bothversa. the familiar and foreign. research encouraged the students to respect both the familiar and foreign as interconnected. Sites’ elements in crisis Site Elements in Crisis The site conditions did inspire the students to creatively and immediately proceed to a The site conditions inspired the students to creatively proceed to a series of series of primary and spontaneous experiments, which guided their further explorations. primary spontaneous further explorations. Amongand others they were experiments engaged with:that theguided nature their of flames, fire and smoke; the behavTheir research included a wide range of including: the nature of flames,made out iour of sand; the biological structure of subjects, coral; graffiti and public-use installations fire and smoke; the behaviour of sand; the biological structure of coral; graffiti and of debris; in-situ recycling and reuse of construction materials; the technology of marine public-use installations made out debris; in-situ recycling andinreuse of condebris collection; the growing of of anti-seismic ‘urban branches’ a post-earthquake city. struction materials; the technology of marine debris collection; and the growing of sciThe responses to the various sites and conditions were a combination of meticulous anti-seismic ‘urban branches’ in a post-earthquake Responses to the various entific understanding of the mechanisms and othercity. elements, together with mixed media sites and conditions involved meticulous research of the mechanisms and other intended representations of these explorations, including projections on the terrain models to further retrofit their understanding of the site and its potential and unleash unexpected possibilities in multiple architectural directions.

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elements of the conditions of crisis. Mixed media representations of these explorations included projections on the terrain models, intended to further retrofit their Crisis’s nature of the potential of the site and unleash unexpected possibilities in understanding Unit 5 sees crises as a directions. direct or indirect derivative of human activities that alter their multiple architectural living environment. Architect and theorist David Gissen explores these notions in Crisis’s nature detail. He suggests that we “promote a concept of environment that lacks the pasUnit understands crisis attributed as a situation directly or indirectly derived from human sivity5and asocial qualities to architecture’s natural environment…we proactivities that alter living rethinks environment. Architect and Gissen exmote a dialectic thatthe radically both architecture andtheorist nature”.David He states that, “subnature not about to architecture; it is aboutathe natures proplores theseisnotions in what detail.is natural He suggests that we “promote concept ofwe environduce that through radical architectural concepts”. He calls these resultsnatural ‘sigment lacksour themost passivity and asocial qualities attributed to architecture’s natures’. These ‘signatures’ existed or are generated by, the built-scape. environment…we promote aeither dialectic that in, radically rethinks both architecture and These ‘subnatures’, as they are alsoiscalled, are absorbed into threatened environnature”. He states that, “subnature not about what is natural to architecture; it is mentsthe leading to the a new nature [3]. radical architectural concepts”. He about natures wegeneration produce through our most calls these results ‘signatures’. These ‘signatures’ either existed in, or are generated Immersed into the endangered environment emerges by, the built-scape. These ‘subnatures’, asnew theymutated are alsonature-weather called, are absorbed into that triggersenvironments a series of crisis’. Jonathan Hill discusses these interrelationships and threatened leading to the generation a new nature [3]. concludes that, “natures produce cultures and cultures produce natures” [4]. He Immersed in the endangerednature-weather environment, new mutated nature-weather patterns adds that this ever-changing system generates new crises that trigemerge that trigger series ofcultures crises. Jonathan Hillinterdependent discusses these interrelationger alterations on theaproduced in an endless game. The reships and concludes that, “natures produce cultures and cultures produce author, natures” sultant, continuously mutating ‘weather’ is seen by Hill as a main architectural [4]. He adds that ever-changing nature-weather determining a newthis social and cultural built environment.system generates new crises that trigger alterations to the produced cultures in an endless interdependent cycle. The resultant, Crisis’s space continuously mutating ‘weather’ is seen by Hill as a main architectural Wigley determining also refers toathe relation a crisis andbuilt its environment. author, new social of and cultural environment.He states, “we currently exist between three states: everyday, emergency, and crisis. Emergency is an The Space of Crisis integral part of the space. By definition, emergencies occur within a space. They are Wigley refersinto the relation between a crisis and its environment. states, always also contained a specific territory. The role of emergency procedures is He to main“we betweenspace.” three states: emergency, and crisis. tain currently the limits exist of a particular He theneveryday, adds, “A crisis is the moment thatEmerthe gency an integral part the space. By definition, emergencies threat is is not just inside theofspace but is actually an extreme challenge occur to the within space a space. are always in aasystem, specifica crisis territory. The role ofwhole emergency itself. IfThey an emergency is acontained threat within is a threat to the sysprocedures is to maintain thethe limits of of a particular space.”a He then “A crisis is tem. Crises always appear as failure a spatial system, failure ofadds, architecture.” the moment that not just inside the space butor is death. actually extreme [1] Crisis might bethe the threat crucial is turning point of either recovery In an Unit 5 we challenge to positive the space itself. If anofemergency a threat within a system, a crisis is a see it as the emergence a new moreisappropriate humane living milieu. threat to the whole system. Crises always appear as the failure of a spatial system, a failure Crisesof architecture.” [1] Crisis might be the crucial turning point of either recovery or death. the In Unit 5, weprocess see it as positive emergence new, more appropriate, Through working of the Unit students learn toof identify with and underand more living.between the types of crisis and how one affects the other. stand thehumane interrelation Unit 5 discussed the various general types and the identity of each crisis as follows: Crises A. Environmental, which include natural disasters, as well as human induced disasters Through the working process of the students to identify and unsuch as oil spills, nuclear accidents, andstudio, consequently thelearn resultant effectswith of climate derstand change. the interrelation between types of crisis. Unit 5 identified general categories of crisisincluding as follows: B. Political, the affects of war, millions of refugees and issues of forced migration, global wealth shifts and the unequal distribution of power. A. Environmental, including natural disasters and human induced disasters like oil C. Social, such as the Arab Spring Uprisings, the Occupy movement, the dissolving spills, nuclear accidents, and the effects of climate change. and fracturing of family structure, issues of migration and immigration. D.Political, Financial,including starting from recent and themigration, local Cyprus crisis, unprecedentB. the the effects of global war, forced refugee housing, global ed levels of unemployment anddistribution the freezingofofpower. the development sector, consumerwealth shifts, and the unequal ism, and the story of the American real-estate market. C. Social, including the Arab Spring Uprisings, the Occupy movement, the dissolving and fracturing traditional family structure, Operating toolsof- the techniques - methodology for theissues crises of migration and immigration. The Unit ‘Crisis In/out: emergent and adaptive’ is run as a research laboratory, where students work both separately as well as in groups and receive continuous one-to-

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D. Financial, including the recent financial crisis in Cyprus and unprecedented levels of global unemployment, freezing of the development one feedback from thethe faculty members. The teaching sector, faculty consumerism, base their ownand rethesearch story of real-estate market. offthe theAmerican topics they teach in the Unit and vice versa. Operating tools - techniques - methodology for the crises Dealing with devastating crisis issues in a forward-thinking way, generated the apUnit 5 is run as a research laboratory. Students work both separately and in groups, proach of further inserting elements of research methodologies with inherent crisis receiving continuous one-to-one feedback from the faculty members. The teachidentity. ing faculty base their own research off the topics they teach in the studio. Dealing Analogue versus digital, handmade versus fabricated, low-tech versus high-tech, with crisis also engaged the issue of architectural research methodologies that have and the re-used/ salvaged versus new, are some of the juxtaposed or contradictory their own identity crisis.asTools fuelled research and investigation included pairs that were used mainthat tools fuelling the operation of researchoften and investigajuxtaposed technologies, invitingwith comparison ofconflicting different methodologies: analogue tion. These “lenses” together the binary aspect of the techniques versus digital, handmade versus digitally-fabricated, low-tech high-tech, and themselves initiated a probing into the existing negative crisisversus and resulted in creatre-used/ salvaged versus new. These “lenses,” together with the binary conflicting ing unprecedented spatial conditions. aspect of the techniques themselves, encouraged students to probe the existing “negative” resulting the creation of unprecedented conditions. Similarlycrisis, affected by theinnotion of the crisis itself was the spatial approach for the development of the explorations: the proposal and the analysis were alternated between Similarly inspired by the idea of crisis was the approach for the development of the in their sequencing, constantly shifting from the zoom-in to the zoom-out and from projects: the proposal and the analysis alternated in their sequencing, constantthe micro to the macro, from group to individual work, and from 1:1 scale to an urly shifting from the zoomed-in to the zoomed-out; from the micro to the macro; ban scale. This nonlinear approach to learning led to different and compelling results. from group to individual work; and from 1:1 scale to an urban scale. This nonlinear This was elevated through the diverse use of media and experimentation techniques, approach to learning led to compelling results. This was amplified by a diverse use the use of digital and hand crafted models, videos, collages, hand drawings and digiof media and experimentation techniques; digital and hand crafted models; videos; tal prints, installations, narratives, and 3D modelling techniques. Individual work was collages; hand drawings and digital prints; installations; narratives; and 3D modelling dispersed among group work and projects, and both personal and team decisions retechniques. Individual work was dispersed informed the projects on multiple levels. among group work and projects, and both personal and team decisions informed the projects on multiple levels. Programme and crisis Programme and crisis Programme was seen essential parameterininthe theexploration explorationof ofeach eachcrisis crisis situsituProgramme was seen asas anan essential parameter ation. derived fromwas the developed nature of the crisis through incessant explorations. ation, andItin each case through research on the nature of the specific The programme was responsive to, and often a direct a result of, the students analycrisis. sis of the crisis type and their chosen terrain condition. The identity of this ‘response’ with relevant derivativesto, of and the often research suchaas new,of, emergent inhabitation Thedealt programme was responsive a direct result the students’ analyand production, salvage and recuperation, and self-reliant cultivation sis types, of the research crisis type and their chosen terrain condition. The identity of this ‘response’ techniques. It wasderivatives imperative of that these responses relevant programmatic dealt with relevant the research, suchand as their newly-emergent inhabitabe both adaptive emergent. A selection of the resultant tionelements typologies, research and and production, salvage and recuperation, andprogrammes self-reliant were as techniques. follows: rethinking reclaiming contested sites, regenerating cultivation It wasurban-scape, imperative that these responses and their relevant damaged landscapes, unstableand sites, integrating ‘subnatures’, adaptinginto programmatic elementsadjusting be both adaptive emergent. Resultant programmes extreme weatherurban-scape, conditions, and generating new urban environments. cluded: rethinking reclaiming contested sites, regenerating damaged Thus, the adjusting emergent unstable programme wasintegrating the generator of the emergent spatial environlandscapes, sites, ‘subnatures’, adapting to extreme ments conditions, for living. and generating new urban environments. The resulting proweather gramme thus generated the spatial environments for living. CRISIS OUT/ Crisis and human spaces CRISIS OUT/ Finally, all the proposals placed the ‘human’ element as a core element of each investigation and proposal. Human needs, be they material or immaterial were taken Crisis and human spaces into account. Issues of social sensitivity were constantly embedded into each deciIn the final stages, all the proposals placed the ‘human’ element as a core element sion made. Corporeal and sensory qualities were generated through the needs of the of each investigation and proposal. Human needs, whether material or immaterial, user and interactively drove the direction of the projects. It is never forgotten that were taken into account. Issues of social sensitivity were considered in each deciwe are ultimately designing for the human body and its needs, and this had to be insion. Corporeal and sensory qualities were generated through the needs of the user vestigated in both small and large scales, from intricate details to generative urban and drove the direction of the projects. As designers, we must never forget that we investigations. This is a vital part of the development of the new emergent and adaparetive ultimately designing for the human body and its needs. This must be investigated urbanities that were investigated throughout the course.

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at both small and large scales, from intricate details to generative urban investiga‘Antique’ Salt water spaces and cities of the new emergent and adaptive tions. This coral was aand vital part of the development The currently and constantly floodingthe citycourse. of Venice requires an immediate urbanities that sinking were investigated throughout response. The project, “Conundrum - The New Uniqueness of Venice” attempts to ‘Antique’ coral and Saltand water spaces cities of the uniqueness of Venice into a regain lost footprints targets the and evolution The of Venice, flooding and“Cavity”, currently sinking, requires an immediate newCity uniqueness ofconstantly Venice. In the project, the polluted and highly sensitive response. “Conundrum - Thecoral Newreefs Uniqueness ofthe Venice” is a project that attempts ecosystem of the Australian triggered necessity of an extremely sentositive regain lost footprints and redirect the evolution of the uniqueness of built Venice into proposal for the vulnerable environment, which could lead to new paraa digms sustainable, butwater-based equally unique, vision of a newthe Venice. In the project, “Cavity”, the for other sites. “Crystallizing Atmosphere” (p.) deals with the polluted and highly the Australian coral reefs triggered the environmental crisissensitive faced by ecosystem the salt lakeof in Limassol, Cyprus. A sensitive programnecessity of an extremely sensitive for the vulnerable environment ofmatic development on the pristineproposal but polluted lake takes advantage of thethat lightfers new structural paradigmsinfrastructure for other water-based sites.gigantic “Crystallizing the Atmosphere” (p. weight of the existing and radioactive antennas, 64) deals with the environmental crisis faced by eco-system. the salt lake In in the Limassol, transforming them into a self-recuperating new secondCyprus. salt lakeA sensitive programmatic development on the pristine butdeals polluted takes advanof Cyprus located in Larnaca, “Salt Lake Urban Games” withlake engaging urban activities the processstructural of cleansing the pollutedof environment the adjacent airtage of theinlightweight infrastructure the existingfrom gigantic and radioacport and busy transforming roads. tive antennas, them into a self-recuperating new ecosystem. Located on Cyprus’s second salt lake in Larnaca, “Salt Lake Urban Games” deals with engagCloud-like etherealinspaces and cities ing urban activities the process of cleansing the polluted environment from the In 1962 airport the underground coal mine of Centralia, USA caught fire. Instead of allowadjacent and busy roads. ing the small town to become devastated by the flames and smoke, “The Plume ProCloud-like ethereal spacesofand ject” (p.) takes advantage thiscities uninhabitable earthy-hell by elevating a cloud-like, Inethereal 1962, the underground coal mine of Centralia, USA caught fire. Instead of allowing series of capsules, utilizing cutting-edge technological devices. Inhabitants the small tosurvive become devastated by the flames and smoke, “The Plume thus are town able to and even prosper in this unbearable environment dueProject” to the (p. 86) takes advantage this uninhabitable by resulting elevatingunpreca cloudprocess of the capturedof plumes of smoke andearthy-hellscape heat. Ultimately, the like, ethereal series of capsules utilize devices. Inedented spatial conditions servethat to filter the cutting-edge air, controlling technological the temperatures and ofhabitants thus are able to survive and dream-like even prosper in environment. this unbearable environment fering a nebulous, floating and almost living The emergent due to the process of the capturedshrinks plumes ofexpands, smoke and heat. Ultimately, the unurban scape, like a living organism, and multiplies its layers, changes precedented conditions resultor from this process serveon to the filter theevair, from opaquespatial to translucent, getsthat compact fragmented depending new controlling theclimatic temperatures andofoffering nebulous, floating, and almostindreamer-changing conditions the site.aThe resultant living experience these new urban structures solves the uninhabitable conditions of theorganism, site. like living environments. Thefor emergent urban scape, like a living shrinks and expands, multiplies its layers, changes from opaque to translucent, and becomes ‘Urban branches’ spaces and citieson the new ever-changing climatic conditions of compact or fragmented depending In the tornliving townexperience of Crevalcore, in Italy, theurban project “Parasitizing thefor Void: the site.earthquake The resultant in these new structures solves the Post-Quake Vision” (p.) proposes to implant ‘urban branches to help restore the city. uninhabitable conditions of the site. Inspired by the transformation of the interior courtyards by cultivation practices and ‘Urban branches’ spaces and cities a series of ‘urban branches’ operate as support the seasonal gastronomic festivals, Instructures, the earthquake-ravaged town of‘ruined’ Crevalcore, Italy, theThe project “Parasitizing the activating the existing old buildings. lightweight skeleton Void: Post-Quake Vision” (p. 68) proposes to implant ‘urban branches’ help restretches and leans like a seed, which is dropped, grows and parasitizes theto remained store city. Inspired by the transformation the interior bythe cultivation built the environment. It embraces the traditionalof courtyards andcourtyards regenerates notion practices andproviding the seasonal gastronomic festivals, these ‘urban branches’ of the skin, an abundance of aesthetic and spatial qualities, whichoperate respondas support structures, activating the existing ‘ruined’ buildings. The lightweight to the ever-changing programmatic requirements. Anold elegant dialogue with the surskeleton stretches like a seed is dropped, grows, parasitizes thedevelopremained viving architecture takes into that consideration issues of and memory, heritage, built environment. The project embraces the traditional courtyards and regenerates ment, and possibilities of upcoming disasters. the notion of the skin, providing an abundance of aesthetic and spatial qualities that Spaces and urban environments - Marine Debris respond to the changing programmatic requirements. An elegant dialogue with the By collecting, stackingthe andproposal treatingconsiders the threatening debris from the Medisurviving architecture, issues marine of memory, heritage, developterranean Sea, the doomed of Piraeus, Greece is converted into a ment, and the possibilities of neighbourhood upcoming disasters. unique interactive urban experience. The “Marine Debris Up-Cycling Center” project Spaces andadvantage urban environments - Marine Debris (p.) takes of the already established ship network on the site. OrganismBydrones collecting, stacking threatening marine debris from the attached to the and shipstreating will collect the abundant marine debris from theMediterroutes ranean the The endangered neighbourhood of Piraeus, is converted into to the Sea, islands. marine debris itself, the process of itsGreece treatment and the proa duced unique, interactive urbantransform experience. “Marineinfrastructure Debris Up-Cycling Center” recycled structures, the The dilapidated of the old port silo turning it into a vital booster of the neglected site and its surroundings.

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project (p. 52) takes advantage of the established ship network on the site. Organism-drones attached to the ships will collect the abundant marine debris during their In-situ recreated spaces and cities routes to the islands. marine debris, in along with the process of itscombined treatment and The time limit of the The decaying concrete the metropolis of Athens with the recycled structures, transform the dilapidated infrastructure of the theproduced threatening smoke and noise inspired the ‘reuse, remake, and mutate’ of existing old port silo, turning it into of a vital catalyst the neglected and its surroundings. material by the utilization cutting edgeof technologies. Thesite state-of-art processes enable the found, old materials to be recycled and transformed. The project sucIn-situ recreated spaces and cities ceeds in recreating innovative inhabitation and other activities creating new urban The time limit of the decaying concrete in the metropolis of Athens combined with qualities located both over and underground and in green filtering zones. Insertion of the threatening smoke and noise inspired the ‘reuse, remaking, and mutation’ of expublic space, greenery and light, qualities that are lost in the city generate new emeristing thatspatial utilizes cutting edge technologies. The state-of-art processes gent material atmospheric conditions. These humane urban qualities are carved by the enable the found, old materials beexisting recycled and transformed. The project suc“Trashformer” project (p.) withinto the rigid built environment, while it grows ceeds in recreating innovative inhabitation and other creating new urban and expands into the surrounding neighbourhood like aactivities, living organism. qualities located both above ground and underground, as well as in green filtering zones. Insertion ofunder publicthe space, Spaces and cities sandgreenery and light, qualities that are often lost in Athens, generate emergent spatial conditions. These humane urThe small town ofnew Araouane, Mali,atmospheric is the last crossroad of the Sahara. Existing water ban qualities are carved200-year by the “Transformer” project 48)buried within in the existing rigid wells and the existing old ruins, which have(p. been sand for decbuilt environment as it vertical grows and expandsByinto the surrounding like ades, inspire inversed structures. seeking to preserve neighbourhood the archaeological a treasures living organism. of the village, the proposal focused on creating a new living underground network that serves to protect it from catastrophic sand storms. “Inverted utopia: Spaces and cities under the sand lost things in the sand” (p.), weaves a series of tea-houses, a library, as well as comThe small town of Araouane, Mali, is a crossroads of the Sahara. Existing water munal and private spaces together, transforming once lost artifacts and transcripts wells and 200-year old ruins, buried in the sand for decades, inspire the proposal’s into a complex underground labyrinth. New technological advances in sand solidifiinverted vertical structures. By seeking to preserve the archaeological treasures cation are elegantly used to support the inversed vertical structures, connect them ofand thegenerate village, organic “Inverted Utopia” (p. 24) creates a new living underground network forms that complete the orthogonal-like existing structures in that protects itself catastrophic sand storms. The project weaves a unique playful andfrom atmospheric environment. The proposal is grants watertogether access tea-houses, a library, communal rooms, and private spaces within a complex unto the inhabitants deep within the sand. This allows for the creation of underground derground provides new space for once lost historical artifacts. New gardeninglabyrinth areas withthat punctured light beams generating photosynthesis deep within technological advances in sand solidification are utilized to support the inverted the earth’s core. vertical structures, connecting spaces and generating organic forms that transform the orthogonal ‘Urban Jungle’existing spaces structures into a unique, playful and atmospheric environment. The structure grants(p.), water the inhabitants within sand. In “Spreading the Thread” the access existingto ‘Dead Zone’ of thedeep divided city the of NicoThis allows for underground gardening areas, with punctured sia is not seen as dead at all, but as a free independent greenlight stripbeams of landgenerating teeming photosynthesis underground. with wildlife anddeep vegetation. It claims to be an independent new urban entity, allowing dilapidation to become a symbol of hope, as it transforms into an ‘urban jungle’ ‘Urban Jungle’ spaces where nature literally takes over. The intervention does not propose a solution for In “Spreading the Thread,” the existing ‘Dead Zone’ of the divided city of Nicosia is the political crisis faced by Cyprus, but it acts as a new and unique urban incubator not seen as dead at all, but as a free independent green strip of land teeming with where separation no longer exists. It bridges and binds the two parts of the Island wildlife and vegetation. It claims to be an independent new urban entity, allowing diback together again. lapidation to become a symbol of hope, as it transforms into an ‘urban jungle’ where nature intervention does not propose a solution for the poUrbanliterally spaces takes out ofover. urbanThe mess litical crisis faced by Cyprus, but it acts as a new and unique urban incubator The “Do_MESS_stic Implementator” project (p.) deals with the contested andwhere misseparation noof longer exists. It bridges two parts of thefactory Island back toused spaces Lakatamia Park, Cyprusand andbinds its oldthe radioactive battery replete gether again. with illegal waste disposal, vandalism and graffiti. The proposed ‘Drop-Off’ Community Center instigates synergy between graffiti artists and residents aiming for Urban spaces out of urbana mess the“Do_MESS_stic production of useful public installations made out of recycled In other The Implementator” project (p. 72) deals with materials. the contested and words the collected ‘mess’ of the area generates a creative hub where interesting misused spaces of Lakatamia Park, Cyprus and its old radioactive battery factory and diverse activities take place. replete with illegal waste disposal, vandalism and graffiti. The proposed ‘Drop-Off’ Community Center instigates a synergy between graffiti artists and residents aiming for the production of useful public installations made out of recycled materials. The collected ‘mess’ of the area generates a creative hub where interesting and diverse activities take place.

CONCLUSION CONCLUSION Unit 5 sees crisis as directly or indirectly produced by human activities; it is the result

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of the close and often dangerous interrelationship that humans have with their natUnit 5 sees crisis as a direct or indirect derivative of human activities; it is resultant ural environment. Within the above context, students delve into four types of crisis of the close and often dangerous interrelationship that humans have with their natu(environmental, political, social, and financial), precisely analyzing relevant ‘terrains’ ral environment. Within the above context, students delve into four types of crisis (e.g. flooded or desertified). The paths of investigation are explored through jux(environmental, political, social, and financial) precisely analyzing relevant ‘terrains’ taposed methodologies: analogue versus digital, handmade versus fabricated, and (such as flooded, desertified, etc.). The paths of investigation are explored through; low-tech versus high-tech. These ‘lenses’ initiated a probing into emergent habianalogue versus digital, handmade versus fabricated, and low-tech versus high-tech. tation, and adaptive cultivation technologies, allowing students Thesesalvage ‘lenses’ alteration, initiated a probing into emergent habitation, salvage alteration, and toadaptive suggestcultivation extraordinary and innovative The binaryextraordinary conflicting aspect technologies allowingsolutions. students to suggest and in-of techniques triggered thebinary mechanism for aspect new and unprecedented conditions of livnovative solutions. The conflicting of techniques triggered the mechaing, as for wellnew as self-recuperating environmental systems, spatial and built nism emerging unprecedented conditions of living, as wellconditions, as self-recuperatenvironments. ing environmental systems, spatial conditions and built environments. The crisis types were never explored in isolation from one another. Instead, the stuThe crisis types were seen in isolation another.byInwhich contrary, students dents understood thenot complexity and thefrom ‘viral’one tendency onethe crisis causes understood the complexity and the ‘virus’ tendency of each crisis causing the emerthe emergence of other types of crisis. This observation meant that each situation gence of other types of crisis. This observation meant that each situation could be could be treated through a holistic approach, generating other sorts of crisis in order treated through a homeopathic approach and generates other sorts of crisis in order to counterbalance the whole situation. The ‘terrains’ or ‘sites’ were seen in parallel to counterbalance the whole situation. The ‘terrains’ or ‘sites’ were seen in parallel to to their original state and the current crisis stage. The emergent ‘terrains’ attempttheir original state and the current crisis stage. The emergent ‘terrains’ attempted to ed to offer new qualities and improved living conditions suitable for habitation. The offer new qualities and improved living conditions suitable for habitation. The tools tools and techniques utilized focussed on cutting edge technologies as well as traand techniques utilized focussed both on cutting edge technologies and traditional ditional crafts and vernacular building techniques. understand thatand the crafts of vernacular. The students understand thatThe the students available materials, tools available materials, tools and skills always needwith to be taken in consideration the skills always need to be taken in consideration the integration of feasiblewith stateintegration feasible state-of-the-art technologies. of-the-art of technologies. Through the process of Unit 5, these students—future architects—have mastered Through process responsive of the Unit, to these future ever-changing architects master the ability to bethe ability the to become complex, conditions. Following come responsive to complex, ever-changing Following Hill’s discourse, Hill’s discourse, “weather makes architectureconditions. more ambiguous, unpredictable and “weather makes architecture more ambiguous, unpredictable opencannot to varied open to varied interpretation” [4] and Wigley’s conclusion thatand “there be a interpretation” [4] and Wigley’s conclusion that “there cannot be a crisis architect or crisis architect or crisis architecture but there can be emergency architects and crisis architecture but there can be emergency architects and emergency architecemergency architecture,” [1] we see crisis as a trigger for emergent, unprecedented ture” [1] we see crisis as the triggering point for emergent, unprecedented architecarchitecture that sheds light on a more promising and fascinating future. ture that sheds light on a more promising and fascinating future. We see crisis as a mechanism that allows the emergence of new and fascinating culCrisisand is seen asoffering a mechanism for allowing emergence of new and fascinating futures cities; an opportunity to an continue an exploration into the corporecities; offering an opportunity to continue an exploration into the alture and cultures sensory and needs of humans. corporeal and sensory needs of the human being. References References 1. Wigley M., 2009. Space in Crisis, Urban China Bootlegged for Volume by C-Lab (ed. Inaba J), C-Lab, NewSpace York. in Crisis, Urban China Bootlegged for Volume by C-Lab (ed. 1. Wigley M., 2009. Inaba J), C-Lab, New York. 2. http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/crisis (accessed May 5, 2015). 2. http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/crisis (accessed May 5, 2015). 3. Gissen D., 2005. Subnature: Architecture’s Other Environments, 3. Gissen D., 2005. Subnature: Architecture’s Other Environments,Princeton PrincetonArchiArchitecturalPress, Press,Princeton. Princeton. tectural 4. Hill J., 2013. Weather Architecture, Routledge, London. 4. Hill J., 2013. Weather Architecture, Routledge, London.

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AFRICA

Inverted Utopia: lost things in the sand Mali, Araoune

Crisis: Enviromental / Social

Terrain: Desertification/ Desert/ Dry Program: Habitation/ Cultivation/ Library/ Mosque/ Follies Student: Penelope Vasquez Hadjilyra

and generate organic forms that complete the orthogtechnological advances in sandinsolidification are utilized onal-like existing structures a unique playful and atto support the inverted vertical structures, connecting mospheric environment. The proposal is grants water spaces generating organic forms thatthe transform the accessand to the inhabitants deep within sand. This orthogonal existing structures into a unique playfulareas and allows for the creation of underground gardening atmospheric environment. structurephotosynthesis grants water with punctured light beamsThe generating access to thethe inhabitants deep within the sand. This aldeep within earth’s core. lows for underground gardening areas, with punctured light beams generating photosynthesis deep underground.

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The small town of Araouane, Mali, is the last crossroad Thethe small town of Araouane, Mali,wells is a crossroads of the of Sahara. Existing water and the existing Sahara. Existing water wellshave and been 200-year old in ruins, 200-year old ruins, which buried sandburfor ied in the sand for decades, proposal’sBy inverted decades, inspire inverted inspire verticalthe structures. seekvertical structures.the By archaeological seeking to preserve the archaeoing to preserve treasures of the logical treasures of thefocused village, “Inverted Utopia” creates village, the proposal on creating a new living a new living underground network that protects itself underground network that serves to protect it from from catastrophic sand storms. The project weaves tocatastrophic sand storms. “Inverted utopia: lost things gether tea-houses, a library, communal rooms, private in the sand” (Figure 6), weaves a series of tea-houses, a spaces, within a complex underground labyrinth that library, as well as communal and private spaces togethprovides new space for once lost historical artifacts. New er, transforming once lost artifacts and transcripts into a complex underground labyrinth. New technological advances in sand solidification are elegantly used to support the inverted vertical structures, connect them

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Project Description

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24 University of Nicosia

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26 University of Nicosia

Experience Through Learning Koka Lake,Ethiopia, Africa

Crisis: Environmental

Terrain: Dry/ Lacking Water Program: Water Temple/ Community Student: Constantina Kyriakou and Marietta Paraskevaidi

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Project Description 3,575 million people die annually as a result of the fact 3,575 million as their only sourcerivof that their onlypeople sourcedie of annually water comes from polluted water is polluted rivers. An average African ers. Many womentoxic in rural Ethopia woman walks forwoman hours walks for hours, with theirday children, every day to collect with their children every to collect dirty water. As a dirty water. means that they are unable to receive result, they This are often unable to receive a proper educa-a proper education. Locals are need looking clean water, food, tion. Locals voice an urgent forfor clean water, regular self-sufficiency and a decent that will help food, self-sufficiency and a education decent education thatthem will to survive improve quality of life. help themoff to useful surviveskills and and improve theirtheir quality of life. The The ‘pod’ we designed for our project is a light weight ‘pod’ designed for this proposal is a lightweight structure structure outlocal of the local bamboo, it is low-cost both low cost made outmade of the bamboo. It is both and and low tech. can constructed a day around 10 low-tech, andItcan bebe constructed in in only oneby day with the locals explores variety of fabric being either help of- it ten people.a The project usesdensities, both hydrophilic and hydrophilic orfabrics hydrophobic. A hydrophilic of fabric hydrophobic of different densities.surface The hydrophilic can absorb droplets fromfrom the atmosphere, this providing is cleaner fabric absorbs droplets the atmosphere, than river water furtherriver purified waterthe thatpolluted is cleaner than that and fromcan thebe polluted wain located structure, utilizing the ter.boilers, This water canunderneath be further the purified in boilers, located flexible solar panels attached on the roof.

underneath the structure with different power from flexiblecan solar Three hydrophilic fabrics with densities, be panels the roof. Three hydrophilic withbe different used toonpurify water to the point thatfabrics they can used by densities are used to purify water to the point that it can animals, and for agricultural purposes. be as drinking for livestock or for agriA used scaffolding fabricwater or ‘tunnel ’creates a other connection cultural A scaffolding fabric or used ‘tunnel betweenpurposes. the multiple ‘pods’. This can be by’creates the local akids connection between the different multiple fabric ‘pods’,densities. providingThe a to play and explore the play space for localand children. playful scaffolding and playful scaffolding fabricThe covered areas can also be fabric covered areas canarea, also where be used as ancan educational used as an educational locals be taught area, where locals can be taught ’doing’ and ‘seethrough ’doing’ and ‘seeing’ thethrough natural filtration process, ing’ the natural filtration process, the humidity collector, the humidity collector, aquaponics, and techniques of aquaponics, and techniques of bamboo construction and bamboo construction and handcrafts in action. handcrafts action. The project empower locals The projectinaims to make locals aims have to a new and positive with a new and relationship with water, giving relationship withpositive water and encourages them to be selfthem the tools and education that will enable them to be sufficient in multiple ways. self-sufficient in many ways.

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ASIA

No Land Country Kiribati Islands (Pacific Ocean)

Crisis: Environmental

Terrain: Flooding/Rising Sea Level due to Global Warming Program: Habitation/ Housing/ Recycling Student: Theodoros Zarkas

“No Country” shipbreaking, of The Land project takes uses advantage of oneanofoccupation the current many peopleof inthe Kiribati, toof create thewhich system for its own occupations people Kiribati, is shipbreaking construction. Theisbuilding complexfloating is a floating ‘No land country’ a shipbreaking island, island acting that a ship facility recycling facility in which locals disas a acts ship as recycling that dismantles obsolete and mantle and When wrecked seahas vessels. When ship wreckedobsolete sea vessels. a ship reached the aend of has reached endbroken of its life cycle, is broken apart its life cycle,the it can apart andit its materials canand be its materials recycled and reused in multiple ways. This recycled and reused in multiple ways. self-sustaining islandisland will complete that process, sepaThis self-sustaining will complete that process, rating materials for usefor asuse construction materials for the separating materials as construction materials building itself, and at the timeand creating artificial for the building ‘No landsame country’ at the same cortime al reefs from old ship The project’s residences can creating artificial coralparts. reefs from old ship parts. easily adapt to the changing needs of inhabitants, growing The houses (living quarters) can easily adapt to the or shrinking according to the changing size the family, changing needs of their inhabitants and ofeither grow and each unit can be dismantled a new or reduce according to the sizeand of reassembled the family atincertain location. theMoreover, floating structure itsdismantled anchors in the points in As time. the unitsages, can be and seawater will in come alive with sea life, allowing the strucreassembled a new location. ture to floating act as a living reef.ages, its anchors in the seawater As the structure will come alive with sea life, allowing the structure to act as a living reef.

University of Nicosia

Hopefully in the future, people will look at a map and Hopefully in the future,ofpeople look map Unand see the same amount land oncan it as we at do atoday. see the samethe amount ofof land on itwarming as we doon today. It may fortunately, effects global the Earth’s sound but global warming effectsthan on just the glaciersstrange, and icecaps are much morehas complex many glaciers and icecaps ofisthe Earth, by some of which melting ice. Global warming affected a number of are much but more complex more which waterhas on drathe variables, most of it is than from just pollution, Earth. Global warming has to do with a number of things. matically increased the amount of carbon dioxide in the Most of it is from pollution. TheEnvironmental increased carbon dioxide atmosphere. According to the Protection in the atmosphere is one thetocauses. According the Agency, oceans could riseof0.9 1.5 meters by thetoyear Environmental Protection Agency, oceans could riseas 0.9 to 2100. This would have a profound effect on cities well 1.5 meters by the year 2100. Which could have a profound as the oceans. effect on cities as well as the oceans. The TheIsland Islandnation nationof ofKiribati, Kiribatisits sitsjust just1.50m 1.50mabove abovesea sealevel levon Anote Tongthat predicts that el. average. Kiribati’s Kiribati’s PresidentPresident Anote Tong predicts his island his will be uninhabitable in 60 years due to change. climate willisland be uninhabitable in sixty years due to climate change. is at risk of disappearing of the Kiribati isKiribati at risk of disappearing. Like manybecause islands, Kiribasea rise. ti islevel in the unfortunate position of being the most likely to Unfortunately, manyofislands, in the the unlucky suffer from thelike effects climateKiribati changeisdespite fact position of done beinglittle the most likely that it has to cause it.to suffer from the effects of climate change even though it has done little to cause it.

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32 University of Nicosia

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JUNK-e Rehab Guiyu village, Guangdong Province, China

Crisis: Environmental

Terrain: Contaminated land & water Program: E-Waste/ Solving for health risks Student: Alexandra Tarkasi & Georgia Hadjimatheou

This means that we face an international problem al crisis that poses serious risks to public health, the which envihas financial, and environmental impacts. The proronment, andhealth financial systems. ject applies new recycling methods/techniques and the step-by-step restoration ofrecycling the natural environment in “JUNK-e Rehab” applies new techniques and the order to helprestoration improve people’s health. Furthermore, step-by-step of the environment in order toit creates an architectural solution forproposal dealing with help improve people’s health. The offerse-waste an arand encourages for innovative solutions. prochitectural solution for dealingmaterial with e-waste and The encourject provide facilities and solutions, a new process for the citizensfor of ages innovative material providing facilities Guiyu to invest their to newly introduced knowledge the citizens of Guiyu apply new skills,skills, knowledge and and time on new building typologies. The project proposes time on environmentally-sustainable building typologies. training facilities safe training and cleanfacilities residential The building willand house andspaces safe with and access to innovative utilities other on an clean residential spaces withand access tointerventions innovative utilities urban scale. to infrastructure on the urban scale. that connect

University of Nicosia

Thechosen electronic waste in within the village of Guiyu has electronbeen deThe crisis to deal this project is the an ‘E-Waste byhas Green Peace, havicscribed waste as in the village ofNightmare’ Guiyu which been described ingan caused severe problemsby to people’s healthsince and to the as ‘E-Waste Nightmare’ Green Peace it has environment. Guangdong caused severe Located problemsintoChina’s people’s health andProvince, environGuiyuGuiyu is an informal spaceProvince for a wide varietyand of ment. is locatedrecycling in Guangdong in China devices. Many of the heavy metals and toxins in itelectronic is an informal recycling space for any kind of electronic these electronics contaminate theand soil toxins and thethat water. devices. Many of the heavy metals arePolthe luted drinking hasofcreated dangerously health ingredients of water this kind equipment severelybad contamiconditions citizens who This live and there, and has nate the soilfor and the water. has work resulted in pollution been towater the deaths local children. Guiyu of is the of the linked drinking which of is leading to the deaths only dumping site of in poor China, which receives majority of children as e-waste well as the health conditions about 70% of of the global e-waste year. there. What motivatof the rest citizens whoevery live/work Guiyu is ed us todumping researchsite andoffind solutions for this crisis is the the only e-waste in China, which receives fact that in of thethe next few decades everyWhat country in about 70% global e-waste almost every year. motithe East face to thisresearch problemand due find to population and vated us will further solutions rise for this technological We estimate are facingthat an internationkind of crisis isdevelopment. the fact that we in the next few decades almost every country in the East will face this problem due to population rise and technological development.

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36 University of Nicosia

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University of Nicosia

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38 University of Nicosia

Jonathan Hill

University of Nicosia

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“Natures produce cultures and cultures produce natures” Hill adds that this ever-changing natureweather system generates new crises that trigger alterations on the produced cultures in an endless interdependent game. The resultant, continuously mutating ‘weather’ is seen by Hill as a main architectural author, determining a new social and cultural built environment.

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University of Nicosia Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

“ we promote a concept of environment that lacks the passivity and asocial qualities attributed to architecture’s natural environment…we promote a dialectic that radically rethinks both architecture and nature”...“subnature is not about what is natural to architecture; it is about the natures we produce through our most radical architectural concepts” Architect and theorist David Gissen

5 Stages of Grief Ksennuma, Miyaki Prefecture

Crisis: Environmental / Social

Terrain: Tsunami / Devastation Program: Restoring a sense of Identity and Place Student: Christos Evagorou

an ‘experiential thatcreation containsof’5an stages of grief’.path’ The This is achievedpath’ by the ‘experiential Path is divided’5into 5 parts, with which a single circulation that contains stages of grief’, hold their ownpath. perThe concept is to project the ideas of safety recovery spective through both, life and death as welland as traditions onto the progression of spaces, creating an experience in such as the annual festivals. which each called uponwhich to share theirneed grieftoand The Path is person divided is into 5 parts, people go acknowledge personal universal tragedies of life. through. The the purpose is toand project these ideologies into Welcome to all and visitors, including tourists, were this process is the very path, create an experience each perenables peopletotoshare re-experience these in orderthe to son is called their grief, and events acknowledge make themof aware of what happens during and afterinsuch drawbacks life. This path, invites tourists as well, this extreme and tragic environmental disasters. process of re-experiencing these events in order to make them aware of what happens in countries such as Japan, during and after such extreme and tragic environmental and natural disasters.

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Having been struck by the destructive wave of the tsuHaving been struck by the destructive wave of the tsunanami, the people of Kesennuma urgently need solutions mi, the people of Kesennuma need an urgent and dramatic to ensure their survival, both physical and psychological. solutions to ensure their survival - both physical and psyPhysical shelters are necessary after the tsunami, but we chological. Physical shelters can provide a helpful solution must also take into consideration the mental well-being after the tsunami, but what actually happens mentally is a of those who are recovering from the disaster. Based on part that we have to take into consideration as well, in orresearch of Japan’s unique culture of rehabilitation in the der for those affected to recover. wake of such devastating events, this project introduces a Taken from the idea that Japan as a society has interesting method of healing ‘victims’ pain through a process of reand unique ways of approaching such devastating events, alizing their own grief. This is achieved by the creation of this project introduces a method of healing the ‘victims’ pain, through a process of realizing their own grief.

University of Nicosia

Project Description

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42 University of Nicosia

Transformation & Memory Minamisan Riku, Japan

Crisis: Environmental

Terrain: Tsunami / Devastation Program: Dealing with Memory and Site Student: Maria Nicola

on seasonally. Forsite example, the Cherry Blossom thatthe willsite take place on the seasonally. For example the Festival will activate threewill of the five pavilions. Cherry blossom festival activate 3 of the Perforated 5 pavilions. pieces of wood will be available on the site so locals and Perforated pieces of wood will be available on the site so visitors can easily can useeasily themuse to create and transform the locals and visitors them to create and transpavilions accordingaccording to their needs. structure is very form the pavilions to theirThe needs. The structure flexible: it can easily folded unfolded and allow is very flexible, it canbe easily be and folded and unfolded andthe alusers tousers createtomany different possiblepossible shapes. shapes. Simple low the create many different timber structures located in thestructures place of previous existing Also there are simple timber located in the buildings serve asexisting a seriesbuildings of memorials. In seeing these place of previous that work as a series of framed structures, people will remember the city as it memorials. By seeing these framed structures, peoplewas will before the tsunami. remember the city and how it was before the tsunami hit.

University of Nicosia

The project is located in a city in Japan that became an unThe projectghost is located in a ghostthe city2011 in Japan,caused by city the inhabited city following tsunami. The Tsunami in 2011. The city is currently an empty withis currently an empty site, without any citizenssite, or buildout any citizens orpeople buildings. Many the people ings. Many of the who livedofthere want towho go lived back there to godid back, theyand want live like did Unbeto livewant like they before seetotheir citythey reborn. fore, and seethe their city be reborn. the govfortunately, government lacksUnfortunately money to rebuild new ernment makes the first step and to dothere this due to lack buildingscannot and create infrastructure, is also the of money to rebuild new buildings andsame new site infrastructure, fear that another tsunami will hit the in the near and there is also the fear that another tsunami will hit the future. Due to this likely possibility, this project proposes same site in of thetemporary near future. Due tothat this will likely a collection pavilions bepossibility activated this project for proposes that temporary pavilions be places seasonally different Japanese festivals. There are 5 on thepavilions: site, which will be activated seasonally forspace, different main a community kitchen and dining an Japanese festivals. There are 5amain pavilions; for commuinformation pavilion, a shop, workshop space, and the nity mealsand and cooking,pavilion. an information pavilion,will a shop,a meeting exchange These pavilions be acworkshop, and the to meeting exchange tivated according specificand festivals thatpavilion. will takeThese place pavilions will be activated according to specific festivals

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44 University of Nicosia

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University of Nicosia

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University of Nicosia

EUROPE

Transformer Athens, Greece

Crisis: Environmental / Financial

Terrain: Dense Urban Scale Program: Multi-use/Habitation/Urban Greenspace Student: Aristos Aristodemou

wormlike in order to create newand spaces, while the end ofmovement their life cycle - using the waste transformsimultaneously reinforcing the existing city fabric. ing it into a means that is beneficial for the users. TheThe huhuman-made concrete jungle is transformed into man made concrete jungle is thus transformed in aa less less chaotic environment that emphasizes the user and the chaotic environment that emphasizes the user and the experiential quality of of people people interacting interacting with withone oneanother anothexperiential quality er with The area will become unique in charandand with thethe citycity. on an entirely new level. The existing grid acter new openthe areas usesinappear. Theas enjoyment of theas city makes areaand unique character new open of living in the city of thisThe proposal is the pleasure of such expe-a areas and uses appear. enjoyment of living in riencing new conditions which is visibly evolving city is the enjoyment ofinthe newthe andcity different conditions and “cleaning itself”. Adapted “rubbish” where the city is cleaning itself. The rubbishnow nowsurrounds surrounds the city and andinspires inspiresdevotion commitment an environmentally the city to an to environmental friendly friendly way of living, with waste on-site. Conway of living. The result is that therecycled waste is being recycled temporary cities need to address their own waste crisis; into a method that takes place on-site. Contemporary ‘Transformer’ one solution forcrisis the issues they cities need to provides address their own waste and ‘Trashface. The proposal creates a flow of space andissues time, proformer’ will aide if not offer the solution for the they voking passive and active pleasure, and challenging the face. A flow of space and time, in which passive and active limits of construction andthe traditional paradigms ofisorgapleasure is provoked, and organization of space chalnizing at the and urban scale. lengesspace the limits of humand construction.

University of Nicosia

‘Transformer’, located in Athens, Greece, responds to ‘Trashformer’, located in Athens, Greece is responsive to two problems: the rapid decay of concrete and the air/ the existing issue of the rapid decay of concrete, as well noise pollution that degrades the environment and citas to the air/noise pollution that impacts the environment izens’ quality of life. The project aims to recycle the deand its citizens severely. A primary characteristic of the caying concrete structures of Athens. Combining this project aims to recycle the decaying concrete structures material with new technologies will create new spaces, and from this material, with the assistance of technolcirculation flows, and activities in the area with a poogy, recreate spaces, flows and activities in the area in a rous, unique design. Unlike most contemporary cities, porous design that is highly unique. Diversity is created the project does not follow the existing structural grid; that does not follow the existing structural grid that most instead, it creates new layers through which the city can contemporary cities follow, creating new layers through be read and explored. Higher density minimizes buildings’ which the city to be read and explored. Higher density will footprint. High priority is given to the insertion of public be provided without maximizing the buildings footprint, space, greenery and light qualities that are often absent insertion of public space, greenery and light qualities that in the existing city condition. Like a living organism, the are lost in the existing city condition will be given a high project will grow and expand to nearby neighbourhoods priority and carefully enhanced. Furthermore the project over time. This network will aid the city with its filtration will grow and expand to nearby neighbourhoods over time, system; essentially, the new project lives off of the existlike a living organism, that will aid the city with its filtration ing city’s waste. It passes through buildings and areas in a system, and will allow the new project to live off of the existing city’s waste. It passes through buildings and areas in a wormlike movement in order to create a new or reinforce the existing city fabric, where previous materials came into

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48 University of Nicosia

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University of Nicosia

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50 University of Nicosia

Marine Debris Upcycling Center Athens, Greece

Crisis: Environmental / Financial / Political /Social Terrain: Urban port Program: Revitalization Student: Athanasios Ragkousis_

The silo will accommodate a wide variety of programs in order the abandoned site and engage The silo to willregenerate accommodate also other uses, in order to rewith socialthe conditions of the community. Pop-up generate abandoned site local and solve social issues that exist in the local community. there be facilities, workshops will allow locals Also to use thewill marine debrislike pop-up workshops where people could use the marine creatively for a variety of entrepreneurial purposes. Thedebris in get creative and make some profit of it, Silo willorder be ato center for research on marine debrisout and by later selling them. attracting and educating a new reduction of rubbish, The Silo willof also become the of research on marine generation businesses andcenter non-profits. The site will debris and reduction rubbish and a poll of attraction become a new urban of green landscape for the people offor newcity, businesses onspace the subject. the providing for presentations and exhibiAt thewith same time views it will create newand urban green landscape tions framed of the city of the facilities. for the people of the city and provide space for presentations and exhibitions that could take place with framed views of the city or of the facilities. Reutilize Marine Debris to a Regeneration Force

University of Nicosia

‘’Marine Debris Upcycling Athens to re- to ‘’Trashformer’’, located in Center” Athens, in Greece is aims responsive vitalize thePiraeus Piraeusport port area area by blending sea Revitalize seaconditions & local comand local community needs. Humans are not taking the munity elements. environment water—an essentialseriously. conditionThe Human kind isseriously: not taking the environment for ourwhich survival species—gets more each water is as thea main reason for our polluted existence every year. Athens, an urgent needistothe treat thetowayear In gets even there more is polluted. There need treat ter filter the marine debris that isDebris dumped the and water andout clean it from all of the Marine thatinare the sea. The project’s dumbed every year. site is located in the Piraeus port and re-use an abandoned silo. The The will siteadaptively is in the port of Piraeus and will becorn accommodated idea to take advantage in anis abandoned corn silo. of established ship networks with organism-drones that attach to the shipsestablished leaving The idea is to take advantage of the already the and filter debris as drones the ships sail.attach When to thethe shipport network without organismthat ships return, drones collected withinwill the return Silo andthe leavingthe the port.are When this ships the collected debris is the separated updrones will bemarine collected from Silo andfor allvarious of the marine cycling uses. debris collected will be separated.

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52 University of Nicosia

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54 University of Nicosia

The “quake up” tower Instabul, Turkey

Crisis: Environmental

Terrain: Program: Earthquake responce Student: Monica Kakou, Vasilia Kokotsi

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The project is a response to the well-documented threat The project has emerged as Located a respond the upcoming of earthquakes in Istanbul. in to Eminonu square, thread of an earthquake ininIstanbul. in Eminonu one of the busiest squares the city,Located the “quake up” towsquare, one ofimminent the busiest squares in the the “quake er will sense earthquakes and city, activate sound up” towerto senses thecitizens earthquake and activates syssystems alert the three days prior tosound the crisis. tems to alert the citizens 3 days prior to the crisis day. By Over the course of the next two decades, the tower will the two decades, the tower aims raise awareness raisenext awareness about earthquakes andtoprepare residents regarding earthquakes and The prepare habitants for such for emergency situations. design introduces new emergency situation. Part and of the process ofinteraction raising awaremateriality technologies, encourages beness, the design forces interaction and requires citizen’s tween citizens and the environmental conditions of their participation the construction to the warning city, engagingfrom participation from thephase construction phase phase, as to introduce to the warning phase. new materiality technologies.

University of Nicosia

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56 University of Nicosia

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58 University of Nicosia

Gypsies Guild Istanbul, Turkey Turkey Instabul,

Crisis: Social

Terrain: Program: Student: Richard Elia

cally rich traditions of music and dance. The proposal also includes a hidden infrastructure, networking various gypinfrastructure; networking various gypsy spaces together sy together as a to way the gypsies be themas spaces a way for the gypsies befor themselves, thetovery reason selves—the that research explained research hasreason proven they are nothas accepted in why the they comare not traditionally intotoother communities— munity, to steal andaccepted have a way escape. In parallel to to “steal” have foraescape and isolation. Thus, the ‘good’and they willspaces provide, gypsy benefit is proposed. in parallel tothe therecycle “good”materials they will provide, “stolen”/recyTherefore, will be sold for a profit, cled materials be sold forused a profit, dance and the dance andwill music will be as a the distraction for mupicksic will be used pickpocketing, thea pocketing and as thea distraction earthquakefor prone structures and will be earthquake prone structures will create a hidden network hidden network of connections and paths for the gypsies of connections and paths Guild’. for the gypsies. The proposal thus creating the ‘Gypsies consists of living spacesof forliving the gypsies, storage spaces The proposal consists spaces for the gypsies, for the recycled materials andmaterials shops toand sellshops the stolen storage spaces for the recycle to sell items. All this will be located the stolen items; and this allwithin withinexisting existingsocial socialhousing housing where wherelocal localTurks Turkslive. live.

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The project focuses on the social issues faced by gypsies The project focuses on the social issues the historic in Istanbul—an ethnicity with a long history living ineththe nicity, in Istanbul. 2008victims the gypsies were region.gypsies, In 2008,face Istanbul gypsiesInwere of gentrivictims a site that had 1000 years by of fication of in agentrification site that hadinbeen continuously occupied gypsy residents They intopopulation squatting gypsies for overliving 1,000there. years. Theresulted displaced in the centre of old Istanbul. resorted to squatting in the centre of old Istanbul. “GypThe experiments with in ways that thegypsies gypsiescan can live live sies project Guild” experiments ways that and work in the uninhabited of Istanbul Istanbul in in parallel parallel and work in the uninhabited areas, areas of with local Turks, Turks, with beingthe accepted and working as a comwith local goal of mutual acceptance and munity. gypsies their knowledge and expertise workingThe together as awith community. With their knowledge, will serve community working recycle collectors; skills, andthe culture, gypsiesbycan serve as a number of roles in to streets of entertainers; providtheclean new the community: asIstanbul, recyclingascollectors; as builders ing culture and tradition music dance and as using reusable materialsthrough to create newand structures and laborers’ using large recyclable/ reusable materials to strengthen thethe weak infrastructure of existing buildings; build structures to strengthen the weak infrastructure of and as cultural ambassadors demonstrating their historithe buildings. Respectively to these services they will provide for the community, the proposal consists of a hidden

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60 University of Nicosia

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University of Nicosia

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62 University of Nicosia

Crystallizing the Atmosphere Salt Lake, Limassol, Cyprus

Crisis: Environmental /Social

Terrain: Desertification/ Desert/ Dry Program: Habitation/ Cultivation/ Library/ Mosque/ Follies Student: Maria Ioannou

clinics, and to camps, to the restoration of permatrailers,trailers, and camps, the restoration of permanent strucnent the area and a traditional sense turesstructures as the areaasheals and heals a traditional sense of shelter of shelter is restored. Having acted as the clearest sign is restored. Having acted as the clearest sign of an emerof an emergency, is the sign of recovgency, architecturearchitecture is the final sign offinal recovery. But what ery. But what happens to when architecture when the situation happens to architecture the situation goes beyond goes beyond emergency? What happens when emergenemergency? What happens when emergency turns into cy turns as the familiar linear narrative—immecrisis as into the crisis familiar linear narrative—immediate danger diate danger and rapid response by careful and rapid response followed byfollowed careful repair and repair evenand eventual recovery—does not unfold? What happens tual recovery—does not unfold? What happens when the when the recovery narrative itself breaks down? What recovery narrative itself breaks down? What would be the would be the of architecture of crisis? Is crisisaarchitecture a architecture crisis? Is crisis architecture contradiction contradiction in terms or a crucial unacknowledged force? in terms or a crucial unacknowledged force?

University of Nicosia

Images of devastated buildings are the most eloquent Images of devastated buildings are the most eloquent and and disturbing witnesses of disaster. Broken buildings disturbing witnesses of disaster. Broken in buildings reprepresent broken people. If most buildings an area have resent broken people. If most an area been damaged, the entire socialbuildings structureinseems to have have been damaged, the entire social structureisseems to have broken. The severity of the emergency confirmed by broken. The severity of the emergency is confirmed by the sudden arrival of helicopters that bypass the everythe sudden arrival of helicopters that bypass the everyday horizontal logic of the city to descend directly into day logic of the city to descend directlysurvivors into the thehorizontal heart of the traumatized space to extract heart of the traumatized spaceteams. to extract orhope drop or drop supplies and rescue Wesurvivors expect or supplies expect or hope that the that the and sightrescue of the teams. speedyWe arrival of emergency aid out sight theisspeedy arrival aidvisual out of the sky of theofsky the first stepof inemergency an extended narrative isofthe first step in steadily an extended visual narrative recovery recovery that transitions from theof provisional that steadily transitions from the provisional mobile archimobile architecture of sandbags, tents, trailers, portable tecture of sandbags, tents, trailers, portable clinics,

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64 University of Nicosia

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University of Nicosia

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66 University of Nicosia

Parasitizing the Void Crevalcore, Bologna, Italy

Crisis: Environmental /Social

ing “ruined” structure of the old building.

“Parasitizingthe thevoid” void” addresses earthquake de“Parasitizing addresses the the earthquake destrucstruction the of town of Crevalcore, Italy. The proposed tion at thein town Crevalcore, in Italy.inThe proposed inserinsertions of “urban branches” operate as support structions of “urban branches” operate as support structures; tures, re-activate the existing “ruined”, and otherwise re-activate the existing “ruined”, and otherwise abanabandoned, old buildings. An elegant dialogue the doned, old buildings. An elegant dialogue with thewith survivsurviving architecture takes into consideration of ing architecture takes into consideration issues issues of memmemory, heritage, and future development, innovaory, heritage, and future development, whilewhile innovatively tively responding to possible upcoming disasters. On the responding to possible upcoming disasters. th night Mayof20the 2012, anMay earthquake shook the central On theof night 20th of 2012 an earthquake shook -northern region of Italy, hundreds of ancient buildthe middle-northern partrazing of Italy, razing hundreds ancient ings and transforming many inner cities into abandoned buildings and transforming many inner cities in abandoned ruins. The goal of the project is the revitalization of the ruins. old town of Crevalcore, Bologna, through a new model of of The general concept of the project is the revitalization agrotourism that builds upon long-established seasonal the old town of Crevalcore, (Bologna) based on the idea of gastronomic festivals. transforms the interior agrotourism, enhancingThe theproject already well-knownseasonal courtyards offestivals, the densetransforming built-up territory cultivation gastronomic the into interior courtfields,ofcreating a widespread hotel to host various fields touryards the dense built up territory into cultivation ists creating who visita Crevalcore thehost events throughout and widespreadduring hotel to various tourists the year. The cross-section drawing refers to an emerging who visit Crevalcore during the events all over the year. architectural intervention in the earthquake-damaged The cross section drawing refers to an emerging architecsite. The town’s Municipal building hosts a newly inserted tural intervention in the challenging site which was struck program named ‘widespread Like a sproutingon seed, by the strong earthquake. Thehotel’. project concenrates the a new lightweight skeleton and parasitizes the exand Municipal building which grows hosts newly inserted program isting “ruined” structure of the old building. The intention named a ‘widespread hotel’. this project is to lightweight occupy “anthropized” contextslike and Aofnewly introduced skeleton sprouts, a to create capable ofparasitizing sewing together the seed whichinfrastructure is dropped, growing and the existdestructive scenery and the “urban branches” (contradictory to the roman Cartesian pattern). This creates a single system that collects various aspects: the remaining wall skin as base system, the embodied “memory”

debris, and injected greenery inside the existing interior The intention of this project is to occupy patios in an urban space where the green“anthropized” is extremely contexts, to create infrastructure sewstructure up again will the controlled and sometimes absent.able Theto new destructive scenery andoftheto creating the roman respond to the hazards the contradictory seismic area by a Cartesian pattern“urban branches” single system “tree trunk” supporting column systemin atathe ground levcollecting various aspects: the remaining wall skinThis as base el extending to the underground “root” system. will system to work on, thetoembodied debris, the offer visitors a chance sense the“memory” underground carved injection ofleading greenery insidespaces the existing interior patiosin “arterials” to living less susceptible to the an urbanofspace where the green is extremely controlled or effects earthquake. These residences will be approprieven and absent, to respond to thecreating challenge of the seismic ated modified by residents, a new quality of area creating a “tree to trunk” supporting column urban rooms adjusted the “urban branches” andsystem gently to the ground level extending to carbon the underground embraced by (flexible and light) fiber fabric“root” that systemnatural offering to citizens the time, chance sense the beunallows ventilation. Over thetoboundaries derground carved “arterials” leadingincreasingly to extra and - less tween private and public will become blurred. susceptible to thechallenge effects ofofearthquakelivingdesign spaces to The fundamental “whole building” apappropriate and call their , new quality of urban rooms proach is to overcome thisown situation and create a cultured adjusted to dialogue the “urban branches” embraced by and elegant with survivinggently architecture, filling (flexible carbon fiberearthquake fabric allowing the gapsand leftlight) behind by the and natural taking veninto tilation and prevailing the notion of private and public with consideration issues of memory, heritage, development, discrete boundaries. future disasters, and the regeneration of the urban tissue The fundamental of lifestyle, “whole building” design apflexible to changeschallenge of ecology, and the surroundproach is to overcome this situation and create a cultured ing urban landscape. and elegant dialogue with surviving architecture filling the gaps left behind by the quake taking into consideration issues of memory, heritage, development , an upcoming disaster and the regeneration of the urban tissue adjusted to the changes of flora ,fauna, urban landscape and lifestyle.

University of Nicosia

Project Description

Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

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Terrain: Earthquake affected Rural scale Program: Habitation/ Cultivation/ Festivals Student: Anthi-Eleni Mintsiou_

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Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

68 University of Nicosia

Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

_www.unit05.wordpress.com_

University of Nicosia

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Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

70 University of Nicosia

do_MESS_stic Implementator Lakatamia, Nicosia, Cyprus

Crisis: Environmental

Social crisis hampers the social of Social crisis crisis isis the crisis thatwhich hampers the social life oflife peopeople. project with contested and misused ple. ThisThis project dealsdeals with contested and misused spacspaces, which areare spaces that are lacking proper use. My es—spaces that lacking proper use. The site is a park site located in Lakatamia, whichinis an area that lacking in is Lakatamia, an area lacking identity. Theis project identity. it evolves by neighborhoods developing typical evolves Basically, by developing typical andneighleavborhoods byabandoned. leaving otherThis areas abandoned. Thisof re-a ing other and areas results in the lack sults to the lack of community sense. My site is a park in sense of community. The site is a former battery factory Lakatamia. The site wasarea a former factory that was in a densely-inhabited that battery was forced to close due forced to close duehazards to the itfact thattoitthe wasneighborhood. a radioactive to the radioactive posed source in a densely living area. Then, was however, transformed Afterwards it was transformed into a itpark; the into parkrarely to recreate use andand remind a new image, parkawas used byits residents visitors, likely due better than this of the past. However, park ararely was to its history. Unfortunately, the park the became space of used the disposal, residentsuncontrolled or the visitors of the area. Most illegalby waste vegetation, vandalism probably its The history made it less attractive to that the people. and graffiti. project requires an approach stressAs result, people did not respect thewithin site. Itthe became a es athe interplay of elements occurring site and space of illegal waste disposal, uncontrolled vegetation, its relationship with the rest of the city. The intended outvandalism andproject graffiti.is a “Drop-Off” Community Center, come of the The project requires an approach that stresses the interplay of elements occurring within the site and its relationship with the rest of the city. The intended outcome of the

project is a “Drop-Off” Community Center, based on the synergy and tension between different users, uses and based on the synergy and tension between different usfunctions. The aim is to encompass a very diverse range of ers, uses, and functions. The aim is to welcome a diverse people and motivations, from the enthusiastic vandal/artrange of users, from the enthusiastic vandal/artist, who ist, who spills over the legal boundaries to the highly conspills over the legal boundaries, to the highly conservaservative resident who seeks to provoke change through tive resident who seeks to provoke change through direct direct action. action. The Drop-Off Center will be an open space to the The Drop-Off Center will be an open space to the commucommunity to drop off recyclables. Collected materials nity to drop off recyclables. There will be collected sorted will be sorted and later sold to recycling companies. The materials or unsorted ones, which will then be purchased building will serve as an educational center, providing by recycling companies. It will, also, have educational charworkshops for remaking and reusing. Most importantacter as it will accommodate workshops for remaking and ly, it will be a space with a ‘community’ character, where reusing. Most importantly, it will be a space with a ‘compeople can meet or gather in a place which will offer the munity’ character, where people can meet or gather in a opportunity for a wide range of activities. The site will beplace which will offer the opportunity for other activities, come an unconventional space for collecting the ‘mess’ of too. the area and using it as a benefit for the community. The site will become a space which will differ from the conventional ones, as it will collect the ‘mess’ of the area and use it in advantage of the community.

Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

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Project Description

University of Nicosia

Terrain: Program: Student: Christiana Pariza_

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Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

72 University of Nicosia

Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

_www.unit05.wordpress.com_

University of Nicosia

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Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

University of Nicosia

NORTH AMERICA

18th Ward: A Synthetic Bayou Bayou Area, South Louisiana, Gulf Coast, USA

Crisis: Political/Social/Environmental/Financial Terrain: Inner levee walls within the St. Bernard bayou District Program: Communal Living Student: Kerry Kyriakou

ronmental conditions continue, the people living the attributes from. As a result, the Bayou people are in forced bayou losing not only their houses but also sense by theare government authorities to leave theirtheir homes in of and home: the into landscape terrain theplace bayou and relocate the cityand where theythat areroots given their self-sufficient Increasinly, people proposal living in a temporary spot in identity. public housing. The project the are being forced by driven government aimsBayou to intervene in this political stanceauthorities by creating to leave theirarea homes relocate tolifestyle cities inofwhich they a new Bayou thatand considers the the bayou are given temporary placements public housing. “18th people and re-interprets it into ainnew response mechaWard: A Synthetic Bayou” aims to and intervene in this politnism that deals with short-term long-term change. ically-driven situation by creating a new Bayou The new proposal creates a new synthetic Bayouarea Areathat and considers the lifestyle of the bayou people. The proposal Community Housing. offers a re-interpretation of the existing built landscape and provides a new response mechanism that deals with short-term and long-term change.

University of Nicosia

The deterioration of the landscape of southern LouisiThe of south is deteriorating due to ana landscape has been caused byLouisiana both natural causes and unsusboth unsustainable human activities natural causes. tainable human activities. Beginningand in the 1760’s, the The human made efforts construct cargo canals construction of cargo shiptocanals blocked the ship Mississippi throughout the 1760’sfreshwater blocked thenutrients Mississippi River from River from delivering to the topsoil delivering top soil to to reinforce the existing landscape causthat is necessary reinforce the existing landscape. ing soil erosion, sinkage and soil the final change of flow of the This consequently led to erosion, sinkage and the Mississippi outlet. A main catalyst annual sea level change of River flow of the Mississippi Riveris outlet. Another rise at 2cm per year; the effects caused allow the sea water main catalyst of environmental change in the area is anto erode existing landscape2cm at a faster rate. Hence, the nual seathe level rise, averaging per year, which allows landscape a state of existing decay and slowly reclaimed by the sea wateristoinerode the landscape at an alarming sea. exacerbated rate.As The landscape environmental is in a state of conditions decay, andcontinue, is slowly the people living in arethese losingexacerbated their homesenviand being reclaimed bythe thebayou sea. As also the landscape and terrain their self-sufficient identity

Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

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Project Description

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Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

76 University of Nicosia

Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

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University of Nicosia

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Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

78 University of Nicosia

Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

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University of Nicosia

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Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

80 University of Nicosia

A ring of salt will protect you Florida, USA

Crisis: Environmental

Terrain: Marsh land/Turkey Point’s nuclear station Program: Post-nuclear disaster/ Radiation affects Student: Constantia Djialli and Maria Christophi

University of Nicosia

The proposal is located in Florida, USA, and focuses primarily The proposal is located in Florida, USA, and mainly deals on Turkey Point’s nuclear station, which is considered to be at with Turkey Point’s nuclear station, which is considered high risk for a possible nuclear explosion. The main aim of the to be a high risk station for a possible nuclear explosion. project is the creation of a community that will act as a healThe main aim of the project is the creation of communiing sanctuary in the event of such an explosion, addressing ties which will act as healing sanctuaries for the immediate both the immediate and long-term aftermath for affected and long- term aftermath of a nuclear explosion. The main residents. Salt is a key concept of the project: salt has been concept for a radiation healing sanctuary is the use of salt, shown to have great healing potential for radiation absorbas has great healing potential vvfor radiation absorbers, as ers, as its iodine can minimise radiation levels in human body. iodine in salt can minimise radiation levels in human body. The design of the sanctuary takes into consideration the The design has been proposed by taking into high consideffects of radiation and the needs of its users, including the eration its users, their needs, and the effects that radiation visually impaired, the handicapped, and genetically-affected has on people, therefore, visually impaired people, handiradiation absorbers. The proposal includes private spaces capped users, mutants and radiation absorbers, are the designed specifically for different types of disabled users, as habitants of the community. The most important concept well as a hospital, a cooking and eating area, an aquaponics of the project though, is salt. farm, a dark room, a hamam area, an educational centre, a The program of the proposal involves private spaces depsychological centre, and programs for entertainment like signed specifically for the visually impaired, the handifishing, net climbing and a playground. capped, mutants and radiation absorbers. It also includes a hospital, a cooking/ eating area, an aquaponics farm, a dark room, a hamam area, an educational centre and a psychological centre and activities such as fishing, net climbing and a playground.

Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

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Project Description

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Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

82 University of Nicosia

Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

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University of Nicosia

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Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

84 University of Nicosia

Plume Project Centralia,USA

Crisis: Environmental /Social

Terrain: Program: Student: Alexandra Tarkasi & Georgia Hadjimatheou_

Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

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“The Plume Project” addresses the case of Centralia, USA, I“The Project” addresses the of caught Centralia, where,Plume In 1962, an underground coalcase mine fire, USA where 1962, an underground coaltown. mineThe caught fire causing theinabandonment of the small proposal causing thetoabandonment of the small town. The attempts reverse the catastrophic effects byproposal analyzing attempts reverse the catastrophic effects byconditions. tracing, and takingtoadvantage of the site’s uninhabitable understanding and taking advantage of the uninhabitable Utilizing cutting-edge technology, a series of elevated, conditions. A series of elevated, ethereal capcloud-like, ethereal capsules willcloud-like, capture plumes of smoke sules, utilizing cutting-edge technological allow and heat, eventually allowing inhabitants devices to return. The the inhabitants return andfilter eventhe prosper by capturing project’s spatialtoconditions air, control the templumes of smoke and heat. Ultimately, the resulting unperature, and offer nebulous, floating and almost dreamprecedented spatial conditions serve to filter the air, conlike living environments. trolling the temperatures and offering nebulous, floating and almost dream-like living environments.

University of Nicosia

Project Description

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Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

86 University of Nicosia

Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

_www.unit05.wordpress.com_

University of Nicosia

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Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

88 University of Nicosia

Desert Heat Survival Mojane Desert,Death Valley,California,USA

Crisis: Environmental

Terrain: Program: Student: Alexandros Neophytou

University of Nicosia

Thisproject projectaims aimstoto create a structure can withThis create a structure thatthat can withstand stand the extreme conditions of the Mojave The the extreme conditions of the Mojave Desert Desert. by studying concept was developed throughwhile closetaking analysis of termite and analyzing termite mounds, advantage of mounds, as natural well as research on theresources. natural and man made the desertâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s and man made resourcesExtreme of the region. heat, lack ofstorms water, sand heat,Extreme lack of water, sand and storms andare flash floods thethis main issuesisfacing inhabflash floods the main are issues project dealing with itants of the have desert. Termites havetofound to and Termites found a solution someaofsolution the probsomethese of theconditions problemscreate by using resources. In the lems by natural using natural resources. Mojave thouIn MojaveDesert, Desertairplane airplanegraveyards graveyards accommodate accommodate thousands of of aircrafts, decomissioned This This project proposes sands which aircrafts. have no use. project prothe deconstruction and adaptive of these materiposes the deconstruction of thesere-use aircrafts and the reuse als in order to create livable conditions. The new structure of their materials to create livable and working conditions. is situated between mountains to take advantage of adthe The structure is situated between mountains taking shade asofwell the water can be found create at higher alvantage theas shade Norththat facing mountains while titudes. Rainfall from fromwater flash floods arebe captured cisterns, also benefitting that can found oninhigher aland wind flows are and directed into the titudes. Flash floods wind flows are building directed via intowind the catchersviaand underground maximizing passive building wind catchers andtunnels, underground tunnels maxiventilation and ventilation cooling. During storms, mizing passive and sand cooling whileaerodynamic during sand facadesaerodynamic redirect the facades strong winds of the blocking storms redirect the storm, storm blocking entering damaging the building. itsand fromfrom entering and and damaging the building.

Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

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Project Description

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Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

90 University of Nicosia

Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

_www.unit05.wordpress.com_

University of Nicosia

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Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

University of Nicosia

SOUTH AMERICA

Changeability Through Flooding Guajara Mirim, Rondonia, Brazil

Crisis: Environmental /Social Terrain: Program: Student: Elena Siakou

cultivation (protected shrimp movable living units. Thefrom livingflooding), units can open up farming, and conand transformable/movable living units.them, The depends living units nected with the other areas or between on can openneeds. up andThe connect with other living or other peoples’ project progresses in 3units scenarios, acareas depending on level the needs residents. The project cording to the water and theofuses; scenario 1 “time to progresses in three phases, according to the level. grow” is to do the necessary preparation andwater start plantScenario 1, “time to grow,”the involves the necessary prepaing the rice and hanging vegetables on the gridshell ration: planting of the rice and the hanging of vegetables structure. Scenario 2 “time for shrimp farming” living units from the the gridshell structure. In Scenario “timefood. for gather around that area for fishing and take2,away shrimp living units gather around shrimp Scenariofarming,” 3 “time to celebrate” is when all thethe living units farming area for During Sceare connected tofishing createand the take-away appropriatefood. space. nario 3, “time to celebrate,” all the living units are connected to create the appropriate space for festivities.

University of Nicosia

The proposal is located in Guajara Mirim, a Brazilian vilThe proposal is considered for Guajara Mirim, a village lolage in the Amazon forest. Locals in Guajara Mirim survive cated in the Amazon forest, Brazil. People live by fishing in through in the river cultivation ofthey theirhave own the river fishing and cultivate theirand ownthe products. Also products.in According to local people gather at festivals specific time of thecustoms, year where gather all tospecificand times of year for celebration festivals. The crisis gether celebrating. facing theisarea is flooding byrainfall. heavy In rainfall. On The crisis flooding caused caused by heavy average, average, water table requires from the water the needs 7 months from theseven stagemonths of rise up untilthe to rainy season return to habitable prevents go back in the to normal level. So peoplelevels. cannotThis continue live people from living normally. Thus, “Changeability through normally. Thus, “Changeability through flooding”, explores flooding”, explores the possibilities of floating life in floating the possibilities of reflecting live through states. structures. the Theidea ideais is create an adaptive floating Specifically, to to create an adaptive floating syssystem so people can continue their lives even during tem so people can continue their lives even in flooding pethe flooding period. The program includes areas for rice riod. The program includes areas for rice cultivation, protected from flooding, shrimp farming and transformable/

Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

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Project Description

4th & 5th Year Diploma of Architecture [ARC] University of Nicosia Cyprus_ www.arc.unic.ac.cy

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Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

94 University of Nicosia

Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

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University of Nicosia

Flooding

Terrain: Program:

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Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

96 University of Nicosia

Reverse Social Porto Velho City, Brazil

Crisis: Environmental /Social Terrain: Program: Student: Panayiotis Kyriakou

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I propose that the weakest social group, now becomes the stronger. In architectural approach, i propose the

social structure by giving theofweakest group shapes power lightweight structure made bamboosocial in polygon through architecture. The project a lightweight that will be hanging above the roofproposes of the middle class arstructure made of has bamboo assembledofinchanging polygon shapes eas. This strategy the advantage level of that hang above the analog roof ofwith the the middle areas. This the hanging cocoons levelclass of the water. strategy allos time the cocoons change position inthat accorAt the same i proposeto the small living units are dance the level of the Small aresoil, for just forwith sleeping, areas for water. filtering the living waterunits (collect sleeping; larger areasrocks), are forgrowing filteringfruits waterand (byvegetables collecting clean water and small soil, clean water, and small fruits andbuildvegand spaces that move the rocks), existinggrowing activities of the etables, and other level. programs. ings in the ground

Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

The deforestation of the Amazon tropical Rainforest Through the research, the deforestation of Amazon (tropranks it as a forest in high risk. In Brazil, the reduction of ical Rainforest) is ranked as a forest in high risk. In Brazil treestrees has resulted in theand rising of the area, are reducing thatwater has aslevel a result theMadeirising rathe river. Thislevel hasof created a flooding crisiscrisis in Porto of water the Madeira river. The of theVelho Porcity. In 2014, the water reached an extreme level of 3 to Velho city is the flooding. The level of the water inmethe ter above ground level. The city is segregated into three extreme scenario in 2014 became 3 meter high from the social categories: 1) the poorest and weakest people ground level in the city. The social segregation of the city is who liveininthree Favelas; 2) the middle-class peoplepeople who live in divided categories: 1) weakest social, that slums and 3) the wealthier powerful people that and live live in Favelas, 2) middle classand people that live in slums instronger affluent social areas.people This project attempts to challenge the 3) that live in rich areas.

University of Nicosia

Project Description

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Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

98 University of Nicosia

Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

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100

University of Nicosia

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Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

100

UNIT 5 in/out crisis_ Y.Hadjichristou_ A. Swiny_ M. Georgiou_ 2013 - 2014

University of Nicosia

[L]iving in a [S]ynthetic [T]ree= [L]. [S]. [T] Guachapala, Venezuela

Crisis: Environmental /Social Terrain: Deforestation Program: Student: Elli Mara

harvesting honey and also exchange about is to eventually develop strategies for informationâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s preventing the detheir life. of And second try to from save the them from of increasing struction the community effects climate the carbon dioxide. Creating a congruence between the change. The scientific approach will join with the archiscientificapproach: approachlab and the architectural approach, by tectural spaces will be constructed around introducing lab spaces around tree trunks which the can tree trunks that are capable of the capturing and storing capturedioxide and storage thecreating carbon adioxide, but alsothat creating carbon and also piping system cona piping the spaces and the nects thesystem spacesthat andconnects the destroyed tree trunk. Thedestroy piping tree trunk. storage 3 components unsystem will The storepiping threesystem components underground: water, derground soil, oil).ofWith thecomponents mixture of these comsoil, and oil.(water, The mixture these delivered ponents the and piping through the piping system thecover destroy through system will eventually thetreedetrunk cover algae. stroyed treeby trunk with algae.

102

Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

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The the the situations of a deforestation Theproject projectinvestigates investigates deforestation crisis in crisis in Guachapa, Venezuela. Hundredare of trees aredown cutGuachapa, Venezuela. Manufactures cutting ting downofbytrees the manufactures and causing and serious probhundred and causing soil corrosion increased lems in the atmosphere, soil corrosions increases the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Theand challenge of this carbon in the .The challenges of this projectdioxide is to save notatmosphere to stop the problem. In this area of project is to save stop the problem. In this area of Guachapan, therenot is ato settlement of Yanomami tribe that Guachapan there is a settlement Yanomami tribe, lives without connection with theofoutside world. Thewhich conlives with thehabits, outsidenor world. The ceptallow of thewithout projectconnection is not to limit their to close concept not to limit their also doAnot close them in aisspecific space, buthabits to live and them free. scientist them in aanalyze specificthe space, but to live them Bringing in will first way that they live and free. establish a conthe area between around ofthem thembyscientist thathoney first to analyze the nection harvesting and exchangway that they liveabout and have connection betweenThe them by ing information theiraculture and lifestyle. goal

University of Nicosia

Project Description

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Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

102 University of Nicosia

Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

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104

University of Nicosia

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Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

104 University of Nicosia

Meta | daptic Project South America, Peru, Quillabamba City

Crisis: Environmental /Social Terrain: Program: Student: Penelope Vasquez Hadjilyra

University of Nicosia

Natural disasters have proven their power over humans. Natural disasters have an opportunity for This proposal addresses the challenges faced by areas that proven their superiority to innovation. The motivation are in constant risk of flooding. Instead of focusing on “prehumans. Nature has been for people to take matters vention” and crisis, the project substiable till now to“avoidance” continuouslyof the on their own hands is tutes terms such as “adaptation” and “adjustment.” It is not adapt to any environmental pursued. an option to turn away from the area of crisis as it evolves. challenges. Each site’sthis, challenges are considered an opportunity for inFollowing the proposal For Quillabamba the novation: to take matters into their for areasa motivation that areforinpeople program becomes the own hands. For Quillabamba, the program becomes the constant risk of flooding is breeding of the elements breeding groundPrevention of the required elements, which are celeconstructed. required, which are brated throughof seasonal cycles. The project manufactures and avoidance the crisis celebrated through a structure that at of crisis can perform as a generaare substituted bytime terms seasonal cycles, for the tor of a safe environment for the maintenance of the social such as adaptation and manufacture of a structure structure. adjustment within the that at time of crisis can crisis. Turning away from perform as a generator of the area the crisis evolves a safe environment for the is not an option. Each site maintenance of the social challenges are considered structure.

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Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

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Project Description

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Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

106 University of Nicosia

Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

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108

University of Nicosia

_ www.unit05.com _ _www.unit05.wordpress.com_

Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

108 University of Nicosia

Virgin Galacic Space Hotel Sapce

Crisis: Social

Terrain: Program: Student: Dimitry Sklyarouk

110

Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

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A future scenario: the year is 2050. Earth is in crisis, tumbling A future scenario. The year is 2050. Earth is in crisis, into its final stages of severe resource depletion. Famine, tumbling to its final stages of severe resource depletion. droughtdrought and disease have pillaged humanity. Famine, and disease have pillaged the Fresh lands.food Freshand water arewater scarce. lifeDaily has become a struggle for survivfood and areDaily scarce. life has become a struggle al.surviving. The project proposes a retreat for a duration of a fortnight of to twenty people at afor time. It allows nostalgia The projectwealthy proposes a retreat a duration of afor fortnight of20 an wealth idealized past at within the Itvacuum outer space. to people a time. createsofnostalgia of theThe project offers visitorsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s in zero gravity by escaping perfect past within therelaxation vacuum of space. Offering the earth and its troublesin completely. occupantsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; relaxation zero gravity by escaping earth and its troubles completely

University of Nicosia

Project Description

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Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

110 University of Nicosia

Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

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112

University of Nicosia

STUDENTS

5th Year Projects

University of Nicosia

Athanasios Ragkousis Aristos Aristodemou Anthi-Eleni Mitsiou Christiana Pariza Katerina Christodoulou Theodoros Zarkas Richard Elia Dimitry Maria Christophi Constantina Djali Panayiotis Kyriacou Constantinos Pavlou

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Unit 5 _ Architecture [ARC]

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4th Year Projects Penelope Vasquez Hadjilyra Alexia Tarkassi Georgia Hadjimatheou Maria Ioannou Panayiota Solomou Evgenios Vasiliou Maria Gavriela Diakogianni Maria Kargioti Christina Galanou Antonis Koutanitis Elena Siakou Elli Marra Stephanos Panteli Christopher Kyriakou Loukia Parpi Monica Vasilia Meisam Constantina Marietta Alex Neophytou

FACULTY

Yiorgos Hadjichristou Hadjichristou.y@unic.ac.cy Yiorgos Hadjichristou is a Professor and is Associate Head of the Architecture Department at the University of Nicosia. He is also a practicing architect in Nicosia. He conducted his studies in both Kiev in the Ukraine and Kyoto in Japan. He has also participated in a series of courses and seminars in a variety of other countries. Having participated in various exhibitions and competitions, he is a recipient of a number of prizes both national and international. He has been working in collaboration with a diverse range of architects and artists in a wide range of projects. His research and practice concentrates on projects, which vary in scale: from detailed furniture design to large-scale town planning projects – and all that lies between the two

University of Nicosia

Alessandra Swiny is Associate Professor and is Head of the Department of Architecture at the University of Nicosia She is of American and British origin yet has spent much of her life on the Island of Cyprus. She received her BA from Barnard/Columbia University and her MARCH from Harvard University in the United States. She has been the principal architect with M. Hadjisoteriou at ‘Sub_Supra Studio’ since 2008. In June 2008 her winning entry (with M. Hadjisoteriou & A. Dimitrakopoulos) for ‘Europan 9 Competition’ in Clermont-Ferrand, France went into the second phase of design development. She has previously represented Cyprus in the Venice Architecture Biennale twice. In 2006 ‘The Game: Urban Pieces in Warfare’ with P. Philippou & A. Antoniou. In 2008 ‘easylove’ with Y. Hadjichristou, M. Menikou, A. Kleanthous, G. Tsoulidies & M. Hadjisoteriou. Alessandra is very passionate about the development of an architects’ education. She is currently the Co-Head of the Department of Architecture (with Y. Hadjichristou), and an Assistant Professor at the University of Nicosia, Cyprus. Her design focus shifts from small scale detailing to issues pertaining to the larger urban context and articulates the importance and complexities of issues faced at all scales. She believes that an equilibrium must exist between; science and functionality, as well as research, practice, creativity and wit; while always striving to have a minimum impact on the “environment” and to design buildings that function as ‘intelligently’ as possible

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Alessandra Swiny swiny.a@unic.ac.cy

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University of Nicosia

Michalis Georgiou georgiou.m@unic.ac.cy Michalis Georgiou (full cv) is a lecturer at the Architecture Department [ARC] of the University of Nicosia in the field of Digital Design and a practicing architect hosted @ HUB. He holds an MSc In Adaptive Architecture and Computation from the Barlett and a diploma in architecture from NTUA where he is currently pursuing his PhD. Before moving on to realize his own professional collaborations and projects Michalis has worked with E Constandinidou architects in Athens and Foster + Partners in London, where he has been a member of the Specialist`s Modeling Group. His current research focuses in applying computational tools as the means for managing information to assist and enrich the earcly stages of design. In paraller, he is exploring the potential of digital technologies for resolving socio-economic conflicts at an urban scale. As such, the town of Famagusta presents a unique case study and an ongoing project for Michalis since 2004. http://www.parametricdesign.net / http://www.hub.com.cy

Natasa Christou n.christou@live.co.uk Natasa Christou received her BA and Master’s degree in architecture at the University of Westminster. She has worked in several architectural firms in London,UK and Cyprus. Her achievements vary in many aspects of art and design.2008, she managed to showcase her first art exhibition in London where all the art work was sold in the opening of the exhibition.2009, she was nominated with the second highest mark of the year for her academic design project. 2010, she was nominated with the 3rd Prize(group work)for an architectural competition (Nicosia, Cyprus). 2012, she won first prize of design and build , in “Politics to Fabrication” workshop created by the Architectural Association and hosted in Havana, Cuba. She has been a visiting critic at the Architectural Association, University of Westminster, University of Nicosia and University of Cyprus. She is a Phd Researcher and at the same time she is working as an Assistant Professor in the University of Cyprus teaching architectural design. Natasa has special interest on parametric thinking as a strategy, computational design as a tool for producing prototypes. She is currently exploring architecture through fabrication methods.The themes of research by design, fabrication methods as well as the relationship between architecture and socio-political phenomena are the main area of her research.

PUBLICATIONS

Emergency Architecture for Humanity, Design Like you Give a Damn: Architectural Responses to Humanitarian Crises (Metropolis Books, NY.NY: 2006) Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum, Design for the Other 90%, Smithsonian Institution, NY.NY: 2007 Adrian Lahoud, Charles Rice, Anthony Burke, PostTraumatic Urbanism, Architectural Design AD Magazine 2010 Charlesworth, Esther. Architects Without Frontiers: War, Reconstruction and Design Responsibility Corsellis, Tom & Vitale, Antonella. Transitional Settlement: Displaced Populations (2005)

O’Mahony, Marie & Patton, Phill. Safe: Design Takes On Risk (Museum of Modern Art, NY, NY: 2005) Fathy, Hassan. Architecture for the Poor (University of Chicago Press, Chicago: 1973) Easterly, William. The White Man’s Burden: Why the West’s Efforts to Aid the Rest Have Done So Much Ill and So Little Good (Penguin Press, NY, NY: 2006) Bornstein, David. How to Change the World: Social Entrepreneurs and the Power of New Ideas (Oxford, Oxford University Press: 2004) edited by Hardy, Steve. Environmental Tectonics: Forming Climatic Change (AA Publications, London, UK: 2008 Gilles Deleuze, F. G. (2004). A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia (Continuum Impacts No. 21).

Materiality Mori, Toshiko. Immaterial|ultramaterial: architecture, design, and materials (Harvard Design School with George Braziller, NY.NY: 2002) Mollerup, Per. Collapsibles: A Design Album of SpaceSaving Objects (Thames & Hudson, London, UK: 2006) Vitra, Jean Prouve.Charles & Ray Eames: Constructive Furniture (2002) Lucie-Smith, Edward. Furniture: A Concise History (Thames & Hudson, London, UK:1993) Hodge, Brooke. Skin + Bones: Parallel Practices in Fashion and Architecture (MOCA, Thames & Hudson: 2006) Boniver, Tristan. Usus/usures: How things stand (publication of Belgium’s participation in the 12th Architecture Biennale of Venice, 2010) Custom Built: A Twenty-Year Survey of Work by Allan Wexler (Art Publishers, NY.NY; 2001)

Parametric Thinking Menges, A. and A. (2012). Computational Design Thinking. Wiley & Sons. Otto, F. (2009). Occupying and Connecting: Thoughts on Territories and Spheres of Influence with Particular Reference to Human Settlement (p. 111). Edition Axel Menges. Sakamoto, T., Ferre, A., Kubo, M. (2008). From control to design. W. Daniel Hills, The Pattern On The Stone: The Simple Ideas That Make Computers Work, 978-0465025961 Helmut Pottmann, Architectural geometry, 9781934493045

University of Nicosia

David Gissen, Territory: Architecture Beyond Environment_An issue of AD magazine Jonathan Hill, Weather Architecture David Gissen, Subnatures Diller + Scofidio, Flesh, 1994 Vitra Design Museum. Living in Motion: Design and Architecture for Flexible Living, 2002 DAMDI Architectural Press. Bodyscape and Mobile Architecture Carmichael, Peter. Nomads (London 1991) Siegal, Jennifer. Mobile: The Art of Portable Architecture (Princeton Architectural Press: 2002) Junya Ishigami, Another Scale of Architecture Huizinga, J. H. (1992). Homo Ludens: A Study of the Play-Element in Culture (p. 2004). Fox, M., & Kemp, M. (2009). Interactive Architecture (p. 256). Princeton Architectural Press. Johnson, S. (n.d.). Emergence: The Connected Lives of Ants, Brains, Cities, and Software Anstey, T. (2007). Architecture and Authorship Sou Fujimoto, Primitive Future Boundaries, Institute without, B. M. D. I. (2004). Massive Change: A Manifesto for the Future of Global Design: A Manifesto for the Future Global Design Culture. Richardson, Phyllis. XS: Big Ideas, Small Buildings (Thames & Hudson, London, UK: 2001) edited by Tschumi, Bernard & Berman, Matthew. INDEX Architecture (MIT Press, Cambridge, MA: 2003) Slavid, Ruth. Micro: Very Small Buildings (Laurence King Publishers: 2007) Hensel, M. Design Innovation for the Built Environment: Research by Design and the Renovation of Practice, 2012 Fairs, Marcus. Green Design: Creative sustainable designs for the 21st century (Carlton Books, London, UK: 2009)

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Innovation

Neil Leach (Ed), Designing for a Digital World, 978-0470844199Michael Hensel (Ed), Achim Menges (Ed), Morpho-Ecologies: Towards Heterogeneous Space In Architecture Design, 978-0415700832 Michael Hensel (Ed), Achim Menges (Ed), Versatility and Vicissitude: Performance in Morpho – Ecological Design Hani Rashid, Asympote: Flux, 978-0714841724 Tomoko Sakamoto, From Control to Design: Parametric/Algorithmic Architecture, 978-8496540798

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Fabrication Procedures Aranda, B. (2006). Pamphlet Architecture 27: Tooling. Princeton Architectural Press. Beorkrem, C. (n.d.). Material Strategies in Digital Fabrication. Kolarevich, B. and Klinger, K. R. (2008). Manufacturing material effects. Rethinking design and making in architecture. Thompson, R. (n.d.). Manufacturing Processes for Design Professionals. Walker, M. S. and C. (n.d.). AA Agendas 9: Making Pavilions. Branko Kolarevic, Architecture in the Digital Age: Design and Manufacturing, 978-0415381413Adriaan Beukers, Lightness: The Inevitable Renaissance of Minimum energy structures, 978-9064505607 Branko Kolarevic, Manufacturing Material Effects: Rethinking Design and Making in Architecture, 9780415775755 Lisa Iwamoto, Digital Fabrications architectural and Material Techniques, 978-1568987903

Software John Maeda, Casey Reas, B. F. (2007). Processing: A Programming Handbook for Visual Designers and Artists (p. 768). Wirz, F. (2011). Parametric Architecture with Grasshoper Primer. Natural Systems and Design: Kelly, K. What Technology Wants. Pawlyn, M. Biomimicry in Architecture Vyzoviti, S. Soft Shells: Porous and Deployable Architectural Screens. Weinstock, M. The Architecture of Emergence: The Evolution of Form in Nature and Civilisation.

Websites http://wewanttolearn.wordpress.com/ http://www.scoop.it/t/digitag-journal https://www.facebook.com/livingarchitect http://kk.org/ http://popupcity.net/ http://designplaygrounds.com/ http://www.materia.nl/ http://www.arduino.cc/ http://www.grasshopper3d.com/ http://fireflyexperiments.com/resources/ http://issuu.com/ani.arzumanyan/docs/protoarchitecture_analogue_and_digital_hybrids Examples: para_SITE Michael Rakowitz Lian Low Eduard bohtlingk ‘markies’ 1986 Low Tech Ballon System I.Katase Paper Log Houses Shigeru Ban Architects Concrete Canvas Brewin.P & Crawford.W

Cinema: Beasts of the southern wild Oblivion Cloud Atlas ‘Stalker’ or …Tarkofski Home. About the earth Yann Arthus Bertrand ‘earth from above’

Art and Artists William kendridge Christo Gerhard Richter Andy Goldswothy Gordon Matta Clark Marina Abramovic Theaster Gates ( project at the Documenta 13) Ai Wei Wei Joseph Beuys Thomas Hirschhorn Pipilotti Rist Chiharu Shiota

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[2014-2015 Digitize Workshop]

University of Nicosia

WORKSHOPS

[2013-2014 Fabricate Workshop]

[2014-2015 Westminster Workshop]

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[2014-2015 AA Visiting School Innsbruck Workshop]

in/out

crisis

4th & 5th Year Diploma of Architecture [ARC] University of Nicosia Cyprus www.unit05.wordpress.com www.unit05.com