O AABU Biographi

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{]km-[I - ° - p-dn∏v Malayalam Nethru Smrithi Sanchika-1 O. Aabu (Biography) by Ebrahim Bevinja & C.T. Basheer General Editor P.A. Rasheed Project Co-ordinator K. Aboobacker kayaboobacker@gmail.com All rights reserved First Edition: December 2010 Published by Grace Educational Association, P.B. No: 3 Malappuram Dt., PIN : 676317 Production & Design www.wampee.in DTP & Layout SignX-Vtk / 9495642332 Printed in India at ..........................

Distributors: Grace Books Camp Sayyid, P.B.No. 3 Malappuram Dt - 676317

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BIm-iØp ]S-cm\pw I\n \¬Im-\pw Ign-b-W-sa-¶n¬ aÆn¬ thcnd°n hocyw hen-s®-Sp-°-W-sa-∂Xv {]Ir-Xn-\n-b-a-am-Wv. Hmtcm Xe-apdbpw ap≥ap-d-°m-cn¬ \n∂v kmwkvIm-cn-Im-kvXn-Iƒ G‰p-hm-ßp-Ibpw ]pXp-ap-d-°m¿°v ]mI-am-Ip∂ Xc-Øn¬ ]pXp-°p-Ibpw hcpw-X-e-ap-d°v th≠n Icp-X-temsS ImØp-sh-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂Xv AXp-sIm-≠m-Wv. am‰-ß-tfm-Sn-W-ßn-\n∂v s]mcp-Ø-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn\v kaq-l-a-\ v Ft∏mgpw kmh-Imiw tXSp-∂p-≠v. AXn-∂-h-kcw \¬Im-Ø{X IqSnb KXn-th-KamWv ae-bm-fn-bpsS am‰-Øn-\p-≈-Xv. tIc-fo-b¿ Ime-ß-fmbn ImØpsh® CuSp-sh-∏p-Iƒ ]eXpw Cu IpsØm-gp-°n¬ IS-]p-g-Ip-∂p. aÆns‚ aWhpw \nd-hp-an-√mØ Hcp hnNn{X kwkvImcw ]Xps° tIcf-Øn¬ cq]-s∏-´p-h-cp-∂p. kmw-kvIm-cnI XpS¿®-bn¬ kw`-hn-°p∂ CS¿®-bnep≈ thh-emXn ]escbpw CS-s]-Sp-∂Xn∂v t{]cn-∏n-°p-∂p≠v. "t\Xr-kvar-Xn-k© - nI' {]k-‡a - m-Ip-∂Xv Chn-sS-bm-Wv. Zo¿L-Ime {]k‡n-bp≈ aqey-ß-fpsS Poh¬am-Xr-I-Iƒ ]pXp-X-e-ap-dbv°v ssIam-dphm-\p≈ Ffnb {ia-am-Wn-Xv. DZm-c-a-Xn-I-fmb ]fin-X≥am¿ t]mepw "Aip≤'sa∂p hnfn®v `mjmt`-Z-ßsf hnNm-cW sNbvX ImeØv Ad-_n-a-e-bm-fsØ Ipdn®v A`nam-\-tØmsS kwkm-cn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp∂ `mjm-kvt\-ln-bmWv H.-B-_p. sslkvIqƒ hnZym-`ym-khpw aq¿t°mØv Ipam-cs‚ injy-Xzhpw am{Xw BkvXn-bm°n, {]Xn-`bpw {]b-Xv\hpw sIm≠v A£-c-tem-IØv "IS∂n-cp∂' hy‡n. `mjm Kth-j-Whpw kmlnXy Ncn-{X-c-N-\-bp-am-bn, Ncn-{XPoh-N-cn{X cN-\-bp-am-bn, ]{X-{]-h¿Ø-\hpw hnh¿Ø-\-hp-am-bn, Ihn-X-sb-gp-Øm-bn... Aßs\ B_p-km-ln-_ns‚ I¿Ω-a-fi-e-ßsf√mw A£-c-ß-fp-ambn _‘-s∏-´-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. At±-l-Øns‚ kmlnXy-{i-a-ßsf ASpØp\n∂v ]cn-tim-[n-°p-I-bmWv Cu {KŸ-Øns‚ BZy-`m-KØv C{_mlnw t_hn-©. B-_p-hns‚ hy‡n-Po-hn-X-Øn-te°v shfn-®w-ho-ip-∂p, A\-¥-c-`m-KØv kl-{]-h¿Ø-I-\m-bn-cp∂ kn.-Sn._-jo¿.

Hcp Zim-_vZ-°m-e-ambn hnZym-`ymk kmwkvIm-cn-I-cw-KØv {]h¿Øn®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ kwL-S-\-bmWv s{Kbvkv FPyp-t°-jW¬ Atkmkn-tb-j≥. ]mc-º-cy-]-T-\-Øns‚ `mK-ambn Gs‰-SpØ {][m\ s{]mPIvSp-I-fn-sem-∂mWv "t\Xr-kvar-Xn-k-©nI'. G‰hpw A\n-hm-cy-sa∂p IcpXp∂ Cu kwcw-`-tØmSv ae-bm-fo-hm-b-\-°m¿ A\p-Iq-e-ambn {]Xn-Icn-°p-sa∂v hniz-kn-°p-∂p.

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Imk¿tKmSv Pn√- b nse t_hn- © - b n¬ 1954 sabv 30\v A_vZp√°p™n apkveym-cpsS bpw sNºn-cn° DΩmenbpΩ-bptSbpw aI-\mbn P\n-®p. Imk¿tKmSv Kh¨sa‚ v tImtf-Pn¬ \n∂v Cw•ojv `mj-bnepw kmln-Xy-Ønepw _ncp-Zw. ]´mºn kwkvIrX tImtf-Pn¬ \n∂v ae-bm-fØ - n¬ Fw.-F. _ncp-Zw. tImgn-t°mSv bqWnth-gvkn-‰n-bn¬ \n∂v Fw.-^n¬. 1980-˛81 ImeØv N{µnI Zn\-]-{XØn¬ kl-]{- Xm-[n-]¿. 1981 apX¬ Imk¿tImSv Kh¨sa‚ v tImtfPv, IÆq¿ hna≥kv tImtf-Pv, tKmhn-µss] kvamcI tImtf-Pv, at©izcw F∂n-hn-S-ß-fn¬ ae-bmfw A[ym-]-I≥. 2010 am¿®v 31\v hncan®p. tIcf kmlnXy A°m-Zan AwK-am-bn-cp-∂p. kakvX tIcf kmlnXy ]cnj-Ønepw AwK-am-Wv. tImgn-t°mSv bqWn-th-gvkn-‰n-bn¬ \n∂v bp.-Pn. t_m¿Uv Hm^v ÃUo-knepw ]n.-Pn. t_m¿Uv Hm^v ÃUo-knepw AwK-am-bn-cp-∂p.

Dss_-Zns‚ Ihn-Xm-tem-Iw, apkvenw kmaq-ln-I-Po-hnXw ae-bm-f-Øn¬, Ckvem-anI kmln-Xyw ae-bm-f-Øn¬, ]£n-∏m´v Hcp ]p\¿hm-b-\, _jo¿ Zn apkvenw, \nf-X∂ \ms´-gp-Øp-Iƒ F∂nhbmWv {]kn-≤o-I-cn® IrXn-I-ƒ. sam{Km¬ Ihn-Iƒ, ]≈n-°c Fw.-sI. Al-Ω-Zns‚ am∏n-f-∏m-´p-Iƒ, s]m≥Ip∂w skbvZp-ap-l-Ω-Zns‚ aml-ΩZw F∂n-h-sb-Ip-dn®v ]T-\-߃ {]kn-≤o-I-cn-®n-´p-≠v. ]n.-Sn.-A-_vZp-d-lvams‚ IdpØ apØv sXm´v ]Xn-\-t©mfw {]kn-≤-cmb Fgp-ØpIm-cpsS ]pkvX-I-߃°v apJ-]-T-\-߃.

A_q-Zm_n sI.-Fw.-kn.-kn, A_p-Zm_n ssdt‰gvkv t^mdw, jm¿P sI.Fw.-kn.-kn, Imk¿tKmSv kmln-Xy-th-Zn, \Sp-tØm-∏n¬ A_vZp-√, Fw.-F-kv.-sam{Km¬, samd-bq¿ an{X-thZn XpSßn ]Øv Ahm¿Up-Iƒ. N{µnI hmcm-¥-∏-Xn∏n¬ {]k‡n (18 h¿jw), am[yaw Zn\-]-{X-Øn¬ Imcy-hn-Nmcw (5 h¿jw), am[yaw hmcm-¥-∏-Xn-∏n¬ IY t]mb -am-k-Øn¬ (6 h¿jw), Bcmaw amkn-Ibn¬ s]¨hgn-Iƒ (6 h¿jw), XqenI amkn-I-bn¬ Nn¥\ (7 h¿jw), cnkme hmcn-Ib - n¬ {]Im-iIw (3 h¿jw) F∂o tImf߃ FgpXn-. Imk¿tKmSv hm¿Øms\-‰n¬ lrZ-b-]q¿∆w F∂ tImfw ssIImcyw sNøp-∂p. Jp¿-B-\nI kuµ-cyim-kv{X-sØ-Ip-dn®v Kth-jWw sNøp-∂p. ae-bmf kmln-Xy-Ønse atXXc`mhsØ Ipdn-®p≈ ]T\w ]q¿Øn-bm-bn-´p-≠v. `mcy Sn.-]n.-jm-ln-Z, a°ƒ: i_m\ d^o-Jv, dnkvhm\ khm-_v, in_nen APva¬, hnemkw: sX°n¬s^dn ]n.-H, sNß-f, Imk¿tIm-Sv. t^m¨: 04994280402

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P\\w: Xe-t»-cn-bn¬, tabv 31 1940. sNdnb ssXtØm-SØv ]®phn-s‚bpw bpSn A_vZp¬ JmZ-dp-sSbpw ZznXob ]p{X≥. ktlm-Z-c¿ ap -°p-´n, lmcnkv. `mcy: FsI dpJnb. a°ƒ: apl-ΩZv d^o-Jv, dioZm kenw, ap_m-d-Iv, apl-ΩZv ^mdqJv. hnZym-`ymkw: a{Z- -Xp¬ C…m-anb kvIqƒ, ap_m-dIv sslkvIqƒ, Kh. {_Æ≥ tImtf-Pv. DtZymKw: hf-]´Ww shtè C¥ym ]vssfhp-Uvknse skbn¬kv amt\-P¿. 2006˛¬ hnc-an-®p.

IrXn-Iƒ: kz¿§ob k√m]w (teJ-\-k-am-lmcw), hb-emdpw hm¬I-ºnbpw (]T-\ß - ƒ), GIm¥k‘y-Iƒ (an\n Ihn-XI - ƒ), ]mXn-_m-eyw ]mXn-ac - Ww (kvac-WI - ƒ) Xqen-Im-\maw: A_q ap_m-dIv hnemkw: {]im¥w, ]n.-H Nnd-°¬, IÆq¿-˛670011, t^m¨: 0497-˛2778593

D≈-S°w 1. B_p-]-T-\-ß-fpsS ]›m-Øew ................................................ 8 2. B_p-hns‚ ]m´p-I-fnse Imhym-fl-IX .............................. 17 B_p-hns‚ hnh¿Ø-\-km-lnXyw 3. apl-ΩZv Ak-Zns‚ Ckvemw hgn-Øn-cn-hn¬..................... 22 4. CJv_m-ens‚ Pohn-X-c-lkyw ................................................. 28 5. ssZh-Øns‚ a\p-jy≥ ............................................................... 34 6. K m-en-bpsS Clvbm Deq-ap-±o≥ ............................................. 38 7. JmPmIam-ep-±os‚ Jp¿-B≥ ]T-\-Øn\v Hcmap-Jw ......... 41 8. AlvaZv GP¬ hmins‚ Zo\p¬ Ckvemw ......................... 44 B_p-hns‚ Poh-N-cn-{X-{K-Ÿ-߃ 9. Poh-N-cn-{X-c-N-\bv°v Hcp apJ-°p-dn∏v .................................. 47 10. Kukp¬ AAvfw.......................................................................... 49 11. koXn-km-ln_v ............................................................................... 53 12. alm≥am-cpsS Ip´n-°mew ......................................................... 58 5. -D-ss_Zpw B_phpw ...................................................................... 61 6. B_p˛ sshNn-{Xy-ß-fpsS Bƒcq]w .................................. 65 `mKw-˛2 1. B_p-hns‚ Ad-_o-a-e-bmf ]cy-S\w .................................. 72 2. ssZ\y-X-bpsS hS-t°-b‰w ......................................................... 88 3. Kpcpinjy-_-‘-Øns‚ A\p-]a N{I-hmfw ..................... 98

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apJ-hpc B_p-hns‚ A£-c-temIw hfsc hn]p-e-am-Wv. hntij-s∏´ B temIsØ kºq¿Æhpw ka-{K-hp-ambn hnebn-cp-Øm≥ Ign-™n-´n-√. B_p ]pkvX-I-ß-fpsS Ae-`yX-bmWv apJy Imc-Ww. e`y-amb ]pkvX-I-ß-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ sIm®p-]-T-\-ß-fm-Wn-Xv. B_p- h ns‚ apJy IrXn- I - f mb Ad- _ oa- e bmfkmlnXy Ncn- { Xw, {io\m- c m- b - W s‚ GI- t em- I w F∂o hne-s∏´ ]pkvX-I-ßsf hne-bn-cp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv kn.-Sn.-_-jo-dm-Wv. B_p kmln-Xy-Øns‚ AIhpw ]pdhpw a\- n-em-°nb BfmWv At±lw. AXn-\m¬ B ]pkvXI-ßsf°pdn-®v Imcy-am-b- H∂pw Rm≥ Xømdm°nb `mKØn-√.

B_p-amjv acn-®n´v 30 h¿jw ]q¿Øn-bm-hp-I-bm-Wv. Ct∏m-sg-¶nepw ]cn-an-Xn-I-tfmsS Cu ]pkvX-I-sam-cp-°m≥ Ign-™-Xn¬ [\y-X-bp-≠v. Dss_Zv Ihn-X-I-sf°pdn-®p≈ Fs‚ ]pkv X IØns‚ c≠mw `mK- s a∂v ]d- b m- h p∂ "H.-B-_p-hns‚ A£-c-temIw' Fgp-Xm-\mbXn¬ NmcnXm¿∞y-ap-≠v. ]p∂-bq¿Ipfw _m∏p-hn-s\-°p-dn®v Fgp-XW-sa∂v Bin-°p-∂p. AXv km[n-®m¬ am∏n-f-∏m´v Ihn-{Xb-Ønse aq∂p t]sc°pdn®pw Fgp-Xm-\mbn F∂v kam[m-\n-°mw.

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t_hn© 21 Unkw-_¿ 2009

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1978˛¬ tIcf kwKoX\mSIA°m- Z an sNb¿am- \ m- b n- c p∂ ssh°w N{µ- t i- J - c ≥ \mb¿ B_p- h ns‚ kmlnXy Pohn- X sØ {]Io¿Øn-®p-sIm≠v \¬Inb {]iwkm ]{X-Øn¬ Cßs\ ImWmw: ""ae-bmfkmln-Xy-Ønse Hcp apJyhn`m-K-amb am∏nfkmln-XysØ Xfncp sIm≈n®p-t]m∂ {]Xn-`m-[-\-\mWv B_p. hn`qXn \nd™ {]Xn`-bm¬ A\pKrlo-X-\mb At±-l-Øns‚ t{ijvTIrXn-Iƒ a\- nshfn-®hpw ssNX-\yhpw Zo]vXnbpw \¬Ip--∂p.'' kc-f-ßfpw `mh-{]-[m\-ß-fp-amb am∏n-f-∏m-´p-I-fpsS cN-bn-Xm-hv, D÷z-e-\mb D]-\ym-k-Imc≥, ae-bm-f-Ønse GXv `mjm ]fin-X-t\m-Sp-sam∏w \n¿Øm-hp∂ {]Xn`m- i men. B_p- h ns‚ KZy- s sienbpw `mjm- ] - c n- ⁄ m- \ hpw Ip´nIrjvWamcmsc Hm¿Ωn-∏n-°p-∂p. "Ad_nae-bmf kmln-Xy-N-cn{Xw' F∂ H‰-IrXn am{Xw B_p-hns‚ KZy-ssi-en-bpsS AXp-eyX shfnhm-°pw˛ Cßs\ Fgp-Xp∂ kn.-sI. B ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ B_p Ah-Xcn-∏n® Bi-b-ßsf «mLn®n´p-≠v. apkvenwkmwkvIm-cnIPohn-X-X-e-ß-fn¬ C∂pw ]cn-l-cn-°-s∏SmsX InS-°p∂ Nne {]iv\-߃ Ccp-]-Ø-©n-e-[nIw sIm√-߃°p aptº kn.sI.Icow Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v. Ah Xmsg tN¿°p-∂p: 1. aq∂v Uk\n-tesd IrXn-I-sf-gp-Xnb B_p-hns‚ kmln-Xy-Ir-Xn-Iƒ ]Tn-°m≥ Bcpw th≠{X {ian-®n-´n-√.

2. A{]-Im-inXIrXn-Iƒ tXSn-∏n-Sn®v {]kn-≤o-I-cn-°m≥ Bcpw aptºm´v h∂n-√.

3. am∏nf∏m´p-I-fpsS sshhn-≤y-am¿∂ ioep-Iƒ dn°m¿Uv sNbvXp kq£n-°m≥ B_p B{K-ln-®n-cp-∂p. A°mcyw At±lw Dt±-in®Xpt]mse \S-∂n-√.

4. {]i-kvX-ß-fmb am∏nfImhy-߃°v hymJym-\-ß-fpw Sn∏-Wn-Ifpw \evIn ]p\x{]Im-i\w sNøm≥ Bcpw H∂pw sNbvXn-√.

5. "Ad_nae-bm-fw˛ ae-bmfw UnIvjvWdn' F∂ B_p-hns‚ henb kz]v\w C∂pw \nd-th-‰-s∏-´n-´n√.

6. A¿ln-°p∂ AwKo-Imcw B_p-hn\v In´nbn-√. _l-fhpw s]cp-º-d-bp-an-√mØ \n»–tkh-I≥, ]cm-Xn-Ifpw ]cnt-Zh-\-ß-fp-an√. Ahm¿Up-Iƒ°v Zmln-®n√. FgpØv At±-l-Øn\v Bflo-b-amb k¥p„n t\Sm-\p≈ kpIr-X-am-bn-cp-∂p. 1982˛emWv kn.sI.Icow Cßs\ Fgp-Xn-bXv. C°m-cy-Øn¬ sImt≠m-´n-bnse almIhn tambn≥Ip-´nsshZy¿ kvamcIkanXn Iptd Imcy-߃ Ct∏mƒ sNbvXn-´p-≠v. sshZy-cpsS kºq¿Æ IrXn-I-fpsS hymJym-\-hpw Sn∏Wnbpw Cu cwKsØ G‰hpw _rl-Ømb {]hrØn-bm-Wv. Ci-ep-IfpsS dn°m¿Unßpw AhnsS \S-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. am∏n-f-∏m-´p-Isf°pdn®v {]kn-≤o-I-cn-°-s∏´ A°m-Z-an°v ]T-\-߃ {it≤-b-߃ Xs∂. "_ncpZ-߃ t\Sp-I, {]ikvXn kºm-Zn-°p-I'˛AXn-\-∏pdw Bflm¿∞-amb ]T- \ - ß ƒ Ct∏mgpw \S- ∂ n- ´ n- √ . 1982 ImetØ°mtfsd Ct∏mƒ am∏nfkwkvIr-Xnbpw ]m´p-Ifpw s]mXp{i≤-bn¬ h∂n-´p-≠v. bph-Pt\m’-h-߃, k¿∆-I-em-imem Item’ha’cthZn-Iƒ, hnhn[ Nm\epIƒ Ch-sbm-s°-bmWv am∏n-f-∏m-´p-Ifpw AXns‚ kwkvIr-Xnbpw s]mXp{i≤-bn¬ s]Sp-∂-Xn\v Imc-W-ambnØo¿∂-Xv. cm{„ob hy‡n-XmXv]-cy-ßfpw Ch-bpsS ]n∂n-ep-≠v. ]m´p-Iƒ A[n-Ihpw \nesIm-≈p-∂Xv klr-Z-bs‚ t{imXr-X-S-Øn¬ am{Xw. Dss_-Zv, B_p, sI.sI.apl-ΩZv A–p¬ Icow, -kn.-F≥.-AlvaZv aue-hn, _me-IrjvW≥ h≈n-°p∂v XpS-ßn-b-h¿ sNbvX-Xp-t]mse X]kym kam-\-ßfmb {]h¿Ø-\ß - ƒ \S-°p-∂n√. Nm\-ep-If - n¬ Xnf-ßp∂ ]m´p-Im¿°pw ]m´p-Im-cn-Iƒ°pw ]ms´-gp-Øp-Im¿°pw hn[n-I¿Øm-°ƒ°pw Cu hnjb-Øn-ep≈ Adn-hn-√mbva Bscbpw Aº-c-∏n-°p∂XmWv. {]Xo£ Xosc-bn-s√-∂-√. Cu hnj-b-Øn¬ Adn-hp-≈-h¿ hnc-en-se-Æm≥ am{Xta-bp-≈q. Ah-cn¬ ]ecpw A[nIw Xma-kn-bmsX PohnXthZn-bn¬ \n∂v hnS-hm-ßm≥ X°{]mbap≈h-cp-am-Wv. "kakvX tIcfkmlnXy]cn-jØn'- e q- s S Dss_- Z v a mjpw Zo¿L- a mb FgpØv X]- k y- b n- e qsS B_pamjpw \S-Ønb {ia-߃ Cu kmlnXyimJsb s]mXp{i≤bn¬ sIm≠p-h-∂p-sh-¶nepw ]n∂oSp \S∂ kr„n-]-c-amb kw`m-h-\Iƒ F¥v F∂ tNmZyw _m°n \n¬°p∂p. ae-bm-f-Ønse {]apJ kmln-Xy-Im-c-∑m-cp-sSbpw ]fin-X-∑m-cp-sSbpw hna¿i-I-cp-sSbpw Iptd hmIy-߃ DNnXm-\p-Nn-Xm-h-ÿ-I-fn¬ D≤-cn-°m≥ \ap°p In´n F∂ t\´hpw ad-°p-∂n-√. "am∏n-f-∏m´p Ihn-{Xbw' F∂p hnti-jn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-

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B_p]T-\-ß-fpsS ]›m-Øew

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∂-h-cn¬ H. B_p, ]p∂-bq¿°pfw _m∏p F∂n-h-sc-°p-dn®v Bg-tadnb ]T-\-߃ h∂-tX-bn-√. \n¿`m-Ky-I-c-amb Cu kml-N-cy-Øn-emWv H.-B_p kvamcI{KŸ-Øn-s‚ (1982) A©v, Bdv t]Pp-I-fn¬ ssh°w apl-ΩZv _jo¿ Ipdn®n´ hmN-I-߃ hmb-\-°m-cs\ kw_-‘n-®n-StØmfw s]m≈p-∂-Xm-Ip-∂-Xv. ""H.-B_p F∂ kmln-Xy-Im-c≥ 45 IrXn-Iƒ cNn®v acn®pt]mbn.

Ad_nae-bmf`mj-sb-∏‰n Kth-jWw sNbvXv, Hcp IrXn cNn-®-Xn\v "tIcfkwKoX\mSIA°m-Zan' Ahm¿Uv sImSp-Øp. c≠v aq∂v {KŸßƒ°v kΩm-\-ßfpw hmßn-bn-cp∂p.... Ad_n sIm≈mw. ae-bm-fhpw sIm≈mw. Ad_n ae-bmfw 800 sIm√-°m-esØ apkvenw a≠-Ø-cw.

Hcp ]mSv Nn¥-I-∑m¿, alm-I-hn-Iƒ Hs° apkvenw kap-Zm-b-Øn\pw ae-bmf`mjbv°pw \„-s∏-´p. tambn≥Ip´nsshZysct∏mep-≈-h¿ \√ ae-bmf`mj-bn-emWv Fgp-Xn-bn-cp-∂-sX-¶ntem? H.-B_p D∏pkXym-{Kl-Øn¬ ]s¶-Sp-Øn-cp-∂p. temly-bpsS Blzm\w tI´v tkmjy-enÃv Ip∏m-b-an´p \S∂ \mfp-Ifpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. aq¿t°mØv Ipam-cs‚ injy\m-bn-cp-∂p. "{io\mcm-bWs‚ GI-temIw' F∂ {]_-‘-Øn\v Fkv.F≥.Un.-]n.-°m¿ kz¿Æ-sa-U¬ sImSp-Øp. {io\mcm-b-W-s\-∏‰n `mjbn¬ Cd-ßn-bn-´p≈ G‰hpw \√ IrXn B_p-hn-t‚-Xm-Wv. CJv_m-ens\-°p-dn®v cNn® {]_-‘-Øn\v kz¿Æ-sa-U¬ In´n. B {]_‘w {KŸcq]- Ø n¬ {]kn- ≤ o- I - c n- ° - s ∏- ´ n- ´ n- √ . apkv e nao- ß - f psS A\mÿbv°v AXn-cn-√t√m? Iq´-Øn¬ ]d-b-s´. Xe-t»-cn-bn¬ Hcp ]q® NØ-Xp-t]mse B_p acn-®p-.'' Ad_nae-bmf`mj-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ _jodns‚ A`n-{]mbw A`n-{]mbhyXym-k-ß-fpsS sImSp¶m‰pIƒ D≠m-°nb-Xm-Wv. B_p kmln-_ns‚ ho£-W-߃°v hncp-≤-amWv AXv. _jo¿ Xs‚ kz¥w A`n- { ]mbw ]d- b p- t ºmgpw B_p sNbv X kmlnXy{]h¿Ø- \ - ß sf {]Io¿Øn- ° p- ∂ p- ≠ v . kmlnXyw Xs∂ Hc¿∞-Øn¬ A`n-{]mbhyXym-k-ß-fpsS Ie-bm-Wv. c≠p t]cpsS \nco£-W-ß-fn-epw AXmXn-t‚-Xmb bp‡n-I-fp-≠v. Ad_nae-bmfkmlnXyw, Ckvem-anIkwkvIr-Xn, apkven-aoß-fpsS Ncn{Xw Ch-bn-se√mw XXv]-ccmbn, Xß-fm¬ Ign-bp∂ I\Økw`m-h-\-Iƒ \¬Inb tUm. kn.-sI.-I-co-an-s\bpw Hcp]mSv \√Imcy-߃ sNbvX ]n.-F.-skbvZv aplΩ-Zn-s\bpw _jo¿ Hm¿Ωn-°p-∂p-≠v. Ah-cpsS acWw apkvenwkap-Zmb-Øn\v henb \„-am-Wv. 1982˛¬ _jo¿ Fgp-Xnb Cu Ipdn∏v C∂pw Ibv]p-ff kXy-ambn Ah-ti-jn-°p-∂p.

B_p]T-\-ßfpsS ]›m-Øew ]cn-tim-[n-°p∂ Hcp ]Tn-Xmhns‚ apºn¬ hcp-∂Xv {][m-\-ambpw "H.-B_p kvamcI{KŸ-'am-Wv. Bscms°, Fhn-sS-sbms° B_p-hn-s\-°p-dn®v Fgp-Xn-bn-´p≠v F∂

At\z-jWw `mcn-®-Xm-Wv. AXv I≠p-]n-Sn-°m≥ C\nbpw Gsd Kth-jW-߃ \S-Ø-Ww. "B_p kvamcI{KŸ-'Øn¬ Fs¥ms° Fgp-X-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂p F∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v hnlKho£Ww \S-Øm-\mWv ChnsS Xp\n-bp-∂-Xv. {KŸ-Øns‚ ap≥t]Pn¬ Xs∂ Fw.-F.-I¬∏‰ F∂ {]ikvXIhnbpsS "h‰n-t∏mb tX\m¿' F∂ t]cn¬ Hcp -I-hnX B_p-hn-s\-°p-dn®p-≠v. Iptd \√ am∏n-f-∏m-´p-Iƒ cNn®v, Cub-SpØ Imew hsc Pohn®, ae-bm-f-Ønse ]q¥m-\sØ Hm¿Ωn-∏n-°p∂ BfmWv I¬∏-‰. At±-lØn\pw th≠{X AwKo-Imcw In´n-bn-cp-∂n-√. sXm¶¬ Cien-¬ cNn® Ihn-X-bn¬, "]ng ]‰mØ t]\'-bmbpw "ae-\m-´nse ]p√m-¶p-g-em'bpw "acp-`q-an-bnse ]qt¥≥' Bbpw B_p-hns\ I¬∏n-°p-∂p-≠v. "Adnhns‚ _l-dm(IS-em)bn \n∂p-sIm≠v Zo\m¬(-aXw sIm≠v) kph¿°sØ(-kz¿§-sØ) sXfn®p Im´nb "k_o-\'-I-fnse hncp-Ø-߃ sIm≠v amtem-I-sc AZr-∏-s∏-Sp-Ønb(-B-›-cy-`cn-X-cm-°n-b) Ihn'-bmbn B_phns\ Iev]‰ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂p.

XpS¿∂p-≈ te-J-\-Øn¬ PmXn-aXt`Z-an-√msX am∏n-f-∏m-´ns‚ am[pcyw Bkz-Zn-°p∂ Hcp klr-ZbtemIw \ap°p D≠m-hp-∂-Xns‚ ]n∂n¬ {]h¿Øn® c≠v kmlnXy\mb-I∑mcmbn Dss_-Zn-s\bpw B_p-hn-s\bpw kn.-F®v. apl-ΩZvtImb Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂p. Ac\q‰m≠p ImesØ B_p- h ns‚ kmlnXy]cn- { i- a - ß - f psS ^e- a m- b mWv , "Ad_nae-bmfkmlnXyNcn{Xw' F∂ \nkvXpeIrXn \ap°p e`n-®sX∂v kn.- F ®v Fgp- X p- ∂ p. Kth- j W{][m- \ - a mb B ]pkv X Iw `mjmkmln-Xy-Øn\v apX¬°q´v Xs∂-sb∂v Dd-∏n-s®-gp-Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. kønZv samlv-bp-±o≥ jm Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv, "Ad_nae-bm-f-'sØ-°pdn-®m-Wv. Cu `mjbn-ep-≠m-bn-´p≈ ]ZyKZyIrXn-Isf kv]¿in®psIm≠v B_p-hns‚ Kth-j-W-Nm-Xp-cnsb shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. ae-_m-dnse apkvenwkap-Zm-b-Øns‚ thcp-Iƒ Ad-_n-a-e-bm-f-Øn-em-sW∂pw Cu hmkv X hw ae- b m- f nsb t_m[y- s ∏- S p- Ø n- b Xv Dss_Zpw B_p- h pamsW∂pw \nco-£n-°p∂ Fw.-F≥.Imc-t»cn, aX-XØzhnNm-c-hpw hnip≤]mT-ß-sf∂ t]mse {]mtZ-inI Pohn-X-Øns‚ Ncn{X kvac-WIfpw kwkvIr-Xn-bpsS {]tXyI-X-Ifpw sXfn-™p-In-S-°p∂ Cu kmlnXn-bnse ]q¿∆-ImeIrXn-Iƒ tXSn hni-Z-amb ]T\w \S-Øn, AXn-\mbn Hcm-bp v apgp-h≥ ITn\X]- -\p-jvTn-®-bm-fmWv B_p-sh∂v hni-Z-am°p-∂p. ]mc-º-cy-Øns‚ thcp-Iƒ tXSn-bp≈ Hcp Xo¿∞bm{X-bm-bncp∂p B_p-hns‚ PohnXw. Ckvem-anI XØzNn¥bm-bn-cp∂p IrXn-Ifn- e - [ n- I - Ø n- s ebpw hnj- b w. C®- a - k v X m≥ - F ∂v {]kn- ≤ - \ mb A–p¬Jm-Z¿ akvXms‚ hncp-Ø-߃ tiJ-cn®p {]kn-≤o-I-cn-®Xv FSpØp ]d-tb≠ t\´-am-Wv.

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Sn. Dss_-Zn-s‚bpw B_p-hn-s‚bpw FgpØv `q]-S-tØ-bmWv B_p-hns\ Gsd ASp-Ø-dn™ kn.-Sn.-_-jo¿ klr-Z-b¿°pw hni-Zocn-®p-sIm-Sp-Øn-´p-≈-Xv. B_p-hns\ ]e-co-Xn-bn¬ t\m°n-°≠ BfmWv _jo¿. IhnXzw IqSp-X¬ Dss_-Znepw ]mfinXyw IqSp-X¬ B_p-hnem-sW∂pw At±lw \nco-£n-°p-∂p. Ad_n ae-bmf kmln-Xy-Ønse h≈-tØmƒ Dss_-Zm-sW∂pw ]d-bm-\mWv Cu ]TnXm-hn\v tXm∂p-∂Xv. B_p A¥¿ap-J-\m-sW-¶n¬ Dss_Zv _ln¿ap-J-\m-Wv. Cu A¥¿ apJXzw Bim-\nepw ImWmw. am∏n-f-∏m-´p-Ifpw \mS≥ ]m´p-I-fp-am-bp≈ _‘-sØ-°p-dn®v kv]¿ihpw kn.-Sn._jo-dns‚ teJ-\-Øn¬ ImWmw. IuXpIIc-amb Hcp Xmc-Xayw F.]n.-kp-ss_-dns‚ ]T-\-Øn-ep≠v. B_p-hns‚ ]mfin-Xy-Øns‚ as‰mcp apJ-amWv Cu Xmc-X-ayØn¬ sXfn-bp-∂-Xv. kvIm≥Un-t\-hnb-bnse "kmKm'kmlnXycq]sØbpw Ata- c n- ° ≥ Cw•ojv kmln- X y- s Øbpw Iq´p- ] n- S n®v , am∏nfkmln-XysØ AXp-ambn tN¿Øphmbn-°p∂ Hcp coXn B_p Is≠-Ønb Imcy-amWv klr-Z-b-k-a£w kpss_¿ FSpØp Im´p-∂Xv. am∏nfkmln-Xy-Øn\v hymI-c-W-ap-s≠∂v B_p ÿm]n-°m≥ {ian®p. am∏nfkmln-Xy-Ønse ]Z-߃ ]g-©-\m-sW∂pw AXn\v am‰w hcW-sa-∂pap≈ apkvenw Fgp-Øp-Im-cpsS \ne-]m-Sp-ambn B_p hntbmPn-®p. `mjm-im-kv{X-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ Kl-\-amb ⁄m\w At±-l-Øn\p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Hcp `mj-bn¬ \n∂v Hcp hm°v \in®p t]mhpI F∂Xv, Nne-t∏mƒ B `mj ssIImcyw sNøp∂ P\-X-bpsS kmwkvIm-cnI Ncn-{X-Øns‚ Hcp `mKw \in®p t]mIp-∂-Xn\v Xpey-am-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v B_p Fgp-Xn. ]g-©≥ ]Z-߃ am‰n ]pXnb ]Z߃ ]Icw sh°p∂Xv Hcp al-Ømb kmln-Xy-Øns‚ IÆpw Icfpw \p≈n-sb-SpØv AXns\ C√mbv a sNøp- ∂ - h - c m- s W∂ B_p- h ns‚ A`n- { ]mbw kpss_¿ D≤-cn-°p-∂p-≠v. Ad_nae-bmf en]n-]-cn-jvI-c-W-Øn\pw B_p {ian-®p. ]s£ henb AwKo-Imcw In´n-bn-√. HcpXcw auen-IXm-hm-Za - m-bn-cp∂p AXv. hnh¿Ø\kmln-Xy-Øn\v B_p \¬Inb kw`mh-\-Ifpw sNdp-X-√. Cw•o-jnse hmN-I-߃ a\- n-em°n efn-X-amb ssien-bn¬ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°m-\p≈ B_p-hns‚ Ign-hns\ kpss_¿ {]Io¿Øn-°p-∂p. kzX{¥hnh¿Ø\ ssien-bm-bn-cp∂p B_p kzoIcn-®-Xv. B_p-hns‚ Kth-jWNmXp-cn-sb-°p-dn®pw AXnse Bflm¿∞X-sb-°p-dn®pw kn.-]n.-D-Ω¿ Xs‚ teJ-\-Øn¬ Nq≠n-°m-´p∂p≠v. k^o-\-∏m-´p-I-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ B_p-hns‚ A`n-{]mbw hni-Zo-Icn®v, B_p-hn-t\bpw Dss_-Zn-t\bpw kn.-sI.-Icow Xmc-Xayw sNøp-∂Xv Cß- s \- b m- W v : ""Dss_Zv am∏n- f - I mhy{]]- © sØ sshIm- c n- I hpw ssh⁄m-\n-I-hp-amb hnimeafi-e-Øn-te°v Db¿Øn. B_p A]m-

c-amb Xs‚ ta[m-hn-emkw sIm≠pw A]m-c-amb ]mfinXyw sIm≠pw "k^o- \ - ∏ m- ´ p- I ƒ'°v XmXznImwKo- I m- c hpw hymI- c - W - h p- a p- ≠ m°n AXns\ kºp- „ - a m- ° n.'' B_p- h ns‚ samØw kw`m- h - \ - I sf sXm´pt]mIp∂ teJ-\-amWv tUmŒ¿ Fw.-]n.-ap-l-ΩZv Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p∂- X v . ]Xn- s \m∂v \q‰m- ≠ p- I m- e sØ ]g- ° - a p≈ Ad- _ n--a - e - b mf KZykmlnXy {]kn-≤o-I-c-W-߃ tXSn-∏n-Sn®v, B `mj Chn-SpsØ apkven-aoß-fpsS aX-`m-j-bm-sW∂pw B kmlnXyw Ah-cpsS aX-kmln- X y- a m- s W∂pw ka¿∞n®v , Ad_nae- b m- f sØ kºp- „ - a m- ° nb \_nNcn-{X-ßfpw IYm]pkvX-I-ßfpw ]c-Xn-∏n-Sn®,v \q‰m-≠p-Iƒ ]g°-ap≈ Ad-_n-a-e-bmfImhy-ßsf B_p a‰p-≈-h¿°v ]cn-N-b-s∏-SpØn-s°m-Sp-Ø-Xn-s\-°p-dn-®mWv sI.-]n.-Ip-™n-aq Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p∂-Xv. Sn.-]n.-Ip-´yΩpkmln_v Fs¥-gp-Xn-bmepw AXn-s\mcp X\n-abpw hyXykvX-X-bp-ap-≠m-Ipw. B_p-hns‚ en]n ]cn-jvI-c-W-sØ-°p-dn®p≈ At±l-Øns‚ teJ-\-Ønepw Cu X\na ImWmw. \m¬]-Xn¬]cw sshhn-[y-ap≈ IrXn-Iƒ cNn® Cu kmln-XyIm-cs‚ Pohn-X-Ønse hyXy-kvX-amb Ime-L-´-ß-fnse ho£-W-hnti-j-ß-fmWv AXmXp ImesØ IrXn-I-fn¬ \ng-en-°p-∂-sX∂v A_q ap_m-d-°ns‚ teJ-\-Øn¬ hni-Z-am-°p-∂p-≠v. \m¬]Xv hb- n\p tijw Ckvem-anI XØz-Nn-¥-bn¬ Xm¬]cyw {]I-Sn-∏n® B_p ]n¬°m-eØv I¿Ω-im-kv{X-ß-fn¬ AXoh X¬]-c-\m-bn. "^Xvlp¬apCu≥' amÃ-dpsS ssII-fn-eqsS h∂XpsIm≠mWv ae-bm-fn-Iƒ°v a\ n-em-hp∂ ]cp-h-Øn-em-b-sX∂p ]d-bp∂ A_q ap_m-d°v B_p-hns‚ \mS-I-߃ kap-Zm-b-Øn-ep-≠m-°nb FXn¿∏pI-sf-°p-dn®pw H∏w t\Snb AwKo-Im-c-sØ-°p-dn®pw ]d-™p-sIm≠v apkvenw-Iƒ°n-Sbnse ImXv IpØv Ieym-W-Øn\pw kv{Xo[-\-Øn-\p-sa-Xnsc \S-Ønb t]mcm-´-߃ hnh-cn-°p-∂p-≠v. "B_p-hns‚ kZ v' B_p-hns\ cq]-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-sXß-s\-sb∂pw B teJ-\-Øn¬ \ap°p hmbn-°m-\m-hp-∂p-≠v. apkvenao߃°n-S-bnse A‘-hn-izm-k-߃°pw A\m-Nm-c-߃°p-sa-Xnsc Icp-Øp‰ Imhy-߃ cNn® B_p \S-Ønb kap-Zmb ]cn-jvI-cWkwcw`-߃ hnh-cn-°p∂ kn.-]n.-D-Ω-dns‚ teJ\w B_p Fgp-Xnb sNdp-IY-I-sf-°p-dn®pw sNdp-I-Y-Iƒ ae-bm-f-Ønte°v hnh¿Ø\w sNbvXXn-s\-°p-dn®pw B_p-hns‚ \mS-I-ß-sf-°p-dn®pw ]cm-a¿in°p-∂p-≠v.

C®-a-kvXms‚ hn-cp-Ø-ßsf aq∂v `mK-ß-fmbn {]kn-≤o-I-cn-®p-sh-¶nepw Nne `mK-߃ Ct∏mƒ In´m-t\bn-√.

C∂-sØ Fgp-Øp-Im¿ t]mepw A\p-`-hn-°p∂ Xo£vW-amb kXy-ß-sf-°p-dn®v kn.]n DΩ¿ B_p-hns\ B[m-c-am°n hni-Zo-I-cn®n-´p-≠v. B_p-hns‚ ssNX\yw i–tImem-l-e-ß-fn-eqsSbmbn-cp-∂n-

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√. ASn-sbm-gp-°mbn, \n»-–-ambn {]k-cn-°p-I-bmWv sNbvX-Xv. klrZ-b-cpsS B¥-c-X-e-Øn-emWv _mly-X-e-Øn-e√ At±lw {]h¿Øn-®Xv. Fgp-Øp-Im-c≥ F∂ GI-ap-J-Xz-Øn\v ]pdta, kmlnXy _mlyß-fm-b {]h¿Ø-\-߃ IqSn \S-Øn-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ kwL-S-\-Ifpw kwL-SnXbXv\ßfpw kvamcI bXv\-ß-fp-ambn ]ndsI sN√m≥ BfpIƒ D≠m-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂p. kplr-Øp-°-fp-sSbpw klm-bn-I-fp-sSbpw hebw kr„n-°m-\p≈ ab-°p-a-cp-∂p-Iƒ At±-l-Øn\v A\y-am-bn-cp∂p. ]n∂n¬ \n¬°p∂ ]pcp-jm-c-amWv Hcmsf hf¿Øp-∂Xpw Xf¿Øp∂Xpw. aWn-am-fn-Ibpw IÆ-©n-°p∂ Imdpw Hs° al-Xz-Øns‚ am\Z-fi-ambn kzoI-cn-°m≥ shºp∂ \ΩpsS kaq-l-Øn¬ Io¿Øn°v \nZm-\-amb Iem-ssh-`-hhpw BZ-c-Wo-b-amb kz`m-h-Kp-Whpw HØp tN¿∂ kwkvIm-c-Øns‚ kzcw H‰-s∏-´-Xm-Wv. Ah¿°v icocw aXn. _p≤n Hcp BUw-_-c-am-Wv. Cßs\ Fgp-Xnb kn.-]n.-D-Ω-dns‚ teJ\w A∂-tØbpw C∂-tØbpw I]SapJm-h-c-W-ßsf shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. a{¥n aµn-c-ßfpw Imdpw kpJkuI-cy-ß-fp-ap≈ kmln-Xy-Im-c\v kmºØnI klmbw \¬Im≥ `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-Iƒ Xøm-dm-b-t∏mgpw Hmeta™ ho´ns‚ tImem- b n¬ Isøm- S n™ Itk- c - b n- e n- c p∂v, kmlnXyX]-ky-bnte¿s∏´ amÃsd Xncn-™p-t\m-°m≥ Bcp-ap-≠mbn-cp-∂n-s√∂v sI.-]n.-Ip-™n-aq-k-bpsS ZpxJw klr-Zbkaqlw apgp-h≥ ]¶n-Sp-∂-Xm-Wv. Pohn-°m≥ ad∂p t]mb Fgp-Øp-Im-c-\m-bn-´mWv B_phns\ Ip™n-aqk hnti-jn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. Fgp-Xm≥ t]mIp-∂-Xn\p apºv B hnj-bsØ k¿∆-X-e-Ønepw ]Tn-°pI F∂Xv B_p-hns‚ hnj-b-tØm-Sp≈ Bflm¿∞-Xsb Nq≠n°m-´p-∂p. Hcp acp-∂ns‚ t]cv ae-bm-f-Øn-em-°m≥ AXns‚ ]T-\-Øn\mbn amk-߃ D]-tbm-Kn® B_p-hn-s‚ ka¿∏-W-t_m[w ]cm-a¿in®n-´p-≠v. Ip™m-b≥ apkv-eym-cpsS "I∏-∏m´v' F∂ {]Jym-X-{K-Ÿ-Øn\v Hcp hymJym\w Fgp-Xm≥ Bin® B_p kmln_v tcmK-Øns‚ Ahi-X-bnepw ITn-\m-≤zm\w sNbvXp. ]ucm-WnIImesØ ]mbv°-∏-ent\bpw a\pjyicocLS-\-tbbpw Xmc-X-ay-s∏-Sp-Øn-bp≈ {]kvXpX Imhy{KŸ-Øn\v hymJym-\-sa-gp-XpI Ffp-∏-a-√m-bn-cp-∂p. ]mbv°∏ens‚ LS-I-ß-sf-∏-‰nbpw AXns‚ {]tbm-K-ß-sf-°p-dn®pw Adnhp t\SWw. Cu hnj-b-Øn¬ d^d≥kp-Iƒ In´pI \t∂ hnj-a-am-bn-cp-∂p. \nc-¥-c-amb At\z-j-W-߃°p tijw hS-I-c-°-SpØp \n∂v Cu hnjb-Øn¬ ]cn-Nbw kn≤n® Hcp htbm-hr-≤s\ Is≠-Øn. {]Xo-£-bnIhn™ hnh-c-߃ At±lw \¬In. At±-l-Øn\v I∏-en-s\-°p-dn®pw I∏-∏m-´n-s\-°p-dn®pw kmam-\y-⁄m-\-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. B hr≤s‚ kuIcysØ ap≥\n¿Øn N¿® a-s‰mcp Znh-k-tØ°v am‰n. ]s£ ]n∂oSv

B hr≤≥ Xncn-®p-h-cn-I-bp-≠m-bn-√. Iq´n-s°m≠p hcm≥ Ign-™p-an√. B_p-hns‚ _‘p-hns‚ BI-kvanIac-W-am-bn-cp∂p AXns‚ ImcWw. a‰m¿°pw Abmsf Adn-bp-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. Aß-s\-bmWv I∏∏m-´ns‚ hymJym\w ae-bm-fn°v \„-am-bXv. A¿ln-°p∂ AwKo-Im-c-߃ In´msX acn®p t]mb as‰mcp \n¿`m- K y- h m- \ mb Fw.sI Al- Ω Zv ]≈n- ° c "Infn Hgn™ IqSv'Fs∂mcp sNdpIhn-X-bn¬ B_p-hn-s\-°p-dn®v Fgp-Xn-b-Xn-ß-s\: Adn-hn≥ AarX s]m≥IpSw Npa∂v AI-°m-ºn-te-°Xv ]I¿∂p X∂v Ad_nae-bmfw Npcpƒ \nh¿∂p AXns‚ ]e ]q°ƒ \ap°v X∂p

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X∂m-a-e¿ aWw ]c-Øo-Sps∂ X\na \in-°mØ hn[-Øn¬ Xs∂ Xp∂n-∏n-Sn®m Ihn t]mbns∂ X¶-sØ-fn-hn-f-s°m-fn-b-Is∂ temI-Øn¬ sh®v Gd-dhpw AXn-{I-an-bmb Hcp tcmKw Xs∂ Iogvs∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-≠n-cp-∂-t∏mƒ 1954˛¬ Xe-t»cn tIm´ssaXm-\n-bnHcp sshZyalmktΩ-f-\-Øns‚ in¬]n-bmbn {]h¿Øn® B_p amsj°p-dn®v "B_pkvamcI{KŸ-'Øn¬ ]ecpw ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂p-≠v. Fw.sI A∏p-°p-´≥ tIm´qfn Fs∂mcp teJ-Is‚ Hcp hmNIw Cßn-s\-bmWv: ""sshZy-\m-bn-cp-∂ns√-¶nepw sshZy-im-kv{X-⁄-\m-bn-cp∂ amÿ "D]-ib'ßfm¬ X∂n¬ ]Xn-bn-cn-°p∂ tcmKsØ D]-i-an-∏n®p sIm≠ncn- s °- Ø s∂ A¥y\mƒ hsc Hcp kmln- t Xym- ] m- k - I - \ mbn Ign™pIqSp-I-bm-Wp-≠m-bXv.'' "tcmK-Øns‚ ]q°ƒ' F∂ hn.-cm-PIr-jvWs‚ ]pkvXIw Cu kµ¿`-Øn¬ Hm¿Ωn-®m¬ ]pXp-Nn-¥-I-fnte°v hmb-\-°m¿ sNs∂-Øpw.

Hmtcm {]`m-X-Ønepw B_p BZyw F¥v sNbvXn-cp-∂p-sh-∂Xns‚ Nn{Xw sI.-bq-k^ns‚ teJ-\-Øn¬ D≠v. ""{]`mXw s]m´nhnScpw apºv B_pamÿ \nkvImc∏mb-bn-se-Øpw. "ZnIvdp'-Ifpw "ZpB-'Ifpw Jp¿-B≥-]m-cm-b-Whpw Ign™v, NqSp≈ Nmb Ign®v, kz¥w in¬]im- e - b n- s e- Ø p- I - b mWv km[m- c W B_p sNøp- ∂ - X v . Hcp]mSv UnIvjvWdnIfpw IS-em-kp-Ifpw Ipdn-∏p-Ifpw AS-ßp∂ temIØv, IpSpw-_mw-K-ß-fn¬ Bcpw FØn-t\m°n iey-s∏-Sp-Øm-dn-√. ""AhnsS Htc-H-cmƒ°p am{Xta k¿∆-kzm-X-{¥y-ß-fp-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-≈q˛bqk^ns‚ aIƒ Xmln-dbv°v.'' {]talhpw £b-tcm-Khpw Xf¿Øp∂ kµ¿`-Øn¬ tIcfkwKoX\mSIA°m-ZanAhm¿Up hmßm≥ Xe-t»-

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cn-bn¬ \n∂v sIm®n-bn-te°p t]mb, B\-µ-\n¿`-c-amb \nan-j-ß-sf°p-dn®v kvamcI{KŸ-Øn¬ H.kpss_¿ Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v. "A\m-tcmKyw IW-°n-se-Sp-°m-sXbpw hnj-a-X-Iƒ kln®pw Xm≥ Cu bm{X sNøp∂-Xv H.-B-_p-hn\v In´p∂ h√ Ahm¿Upw kzoI-cn-°p-hm-\-√. am∏n-f∏m-´n\pw Ad-_nae-bmfkmln-Xy-Øn\pw e`n-°p∂ AwKo-Imcw hmßphm- \ mWv ' F∂Xm- b n- c p- ∂ p B_p- h ns‚ \ne- ] mSv . Cu hn\- b hpw \nkzm¿∞-Xbpw B_p-hns‚ a\- ns‚ hep-∏sØ t_m[ys∏-Sp-Øp∂p. am∏n-f-kw-kvIr-Xn-bpsS Ah-Xm-c-I-\mb B_p Xe-t»-cn-bpsS Hma\-]p-{X≥ am{X-as√∂pw kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ apgp-h≥ tIc-f-Øns‚ apgph≥ A`n- a m\`mP- \ - a mb \mb- I - \ m- b n- c p- ∂ psh∂pw tIcfklrZbtemIsØ t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Ønb \nan-jß - f - m-bn-cp∂p B Ahm¿UvZm\ Zn\w. A∂v Hcp kq^n-bpsS BImcsshin„yw B_p-hn-\p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ]n.-`m-kvI-c≥ B_pamsj s]m∂mS Nm¿Øn BZ-cn-®-t∏mƒ D≠mb ssIbSn B_pamÃ-dpsS Pohn-XØ - nse BZy-tØbpw Ah-km-\t- Øbpw ssIb-Sn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. B_p FgpXnØøm-dm-°nb {]kwKw kn.Sn _jodmWv hmbn-®-Xv. {lkzkpµ-c-amb B {]kwKw am∏n-f-∏m-´p-I-sf-∏‰n \mfXphsc ]pe¿Øn-t∏m∂ [mc-WI - sf Xncp-Øn-°p-dn-°p-∂X - m-bn-cp-∂p. hn.- i w- k p- ± o≥ Fgp- X nb sNdp- I m- h y- Ø n¬ B_pamjns‚ amXrkwkvIr-Xn-bpsS kuµ-cysØ [z\ym-flIcoXn-bn¬ IhnXma[pc-ambn Ah-X-cn-∏n-®n-´p-≠v. "tcmZ\w' F∂ B IhnX lrZbt`Z-I-amb Hcp tNmZy-Øn-emWv Ah-km-\n-°p-∂-Xv. ""aqkm-bpsS ko\mbpw bqk-^ns‚ Aßm-Snbpw iq\y-ambn Ckvem-ans‚ sImSn°ognC_vdm-lo-an√ CJv_m-ep-an√ ]q¶p-bn-ep-Iƒ Hmtcm-t∂m-tcm-∂mbn ]d-∂-I∂ ]qhm-Sn-bnBsc-bm-Wn\n ImØn-cn-°pI? BcmWn\n ]p√m¶pg-eq-XpI?'' ]n¬°m-eØv ae-bmfIhnXmtemI-Øn¬ kz¥w CSw t\Snb sI.Pn.-i-¶-c-∏n-≈-bpsS "hcpw hcpw F∂ {]Xo£' F∂ Ihn-Xsb Hm¿Ωn-∏n-°p∂ hcn-I-fmWv iwkp-±o-t‚-Xv. *****

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B_p-hns‚ ]m´p-I-fnse Imhym-fl-IX tIcfkwKoX\mSIA°m-Zan B_p-km-ln-_ns‚ kmln-Xy-{]h¿Ø-\-ßsf «mLn®p sIm≠v \¬Inb {]iwkm]{X-Øn¬ Cßs\ ImWmw: "1. am∏nfkmln-XysØ Xfn¿sIm≈n®p t]m∂ {]Xn-`m-[-\≥ 2. hn`qXn \nd™ {]Xn-`-bm¬ A\p-Kr-lo-X≥ 3. a\- n¬ shfn-®hpw ssNX-\yhpw Zo]vXnbpw \¬Ip∂ t{ijvTIrXn-I-fpsS I¿Ømhv 4. kcf- ß fpw `mh{][m- \ - ß - f p- a mb am∏n- f - ∏ m- ´ p- I - f psS cN- b n- X mhv . ' "kwKoX\mSIA°m-Z-an'-bpsS A∂sØ sNb¿am-\m-bn-cp∂ ssh°w N{µ-ti-J-c≥ \mb-cmWv Cu {]iwkm]{Xw Fgp-Xn-b-Xv. PmXn-aXt`Zsat\y am∏n-f-∏m-´ns‚ am[pcyw Bkz-Zn-°p∂ Hcp klr-ZbtemIsØ Dss_Zpw B_phpw kr„n-®p. am∏n-f-∏m-´n\v \qX-\-amb CuWhpw B°hpw \¬In. am∏n-f-∏m-´nse Ci-ep-Ifpw ioep-Ifpw B_p-hns\ am∏n-f-°hntImIn-e-ß-fpsS Iq´-Øn¬ D∂-X-∑m-cn¬ Hcm-fm-°n. Fw.-F.I¬∏‰ ]mSn-bXv Cß-s\: ""Ihn-X-°p-e-Øn¬ h∂p-Zn®p s]m¥o I\-I-sØ-fn-thmsS IpXn®p ap¥o'' B_p-hns‚ ]m´p-I-fnse Imhy-mfl-I-Xsb Fw.F I¬∏‰ hnf™ ]Z-ß-fpsS tX≥I-\n-bmbn hnti-jn-∏n-®p. B_p-hns‚ ]m´p-Iƒ hn]pe-amb {]Nmcw t\Sn-b-Xmbn Imc-t»cn Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v. am∏n-f-∏m-´p-IfpsS e£yw a\p-jys\ aX-Im-cy-߃ ]Tn-∏n-°p-I-bm-sW-∂v hniz-kn® B_p {]mtZ-in-Ihpw B[p-\nIhpw Ckvem-an-tI-X-c-hp-amb CXn-hr-Ø߃ Cu Km\kmln-Xn-bn-te°p hcp-∂Xv AXns‚ X\na \in-∏n-°psa∂v hniz-kn-®n-cp-∂p. kn\n-abpw \mS-Ihpw am∏n-f-∏m-´ns‚ Ci-ep-Isf 17

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Ae-t¶m-e-s∏-Sp-Øp-sa∂v At±lw i¶n-®p. B_p-hns‚ ]m´p-I-sf-°pdn-®p≈ Dss_-Zns‚ A`n-{]mbw B_phpw Dss_Zpw F∂ teJ-\-Ønhni-Z-am-°n-bn-´p-≠v. `‡n-Km-\-ßs-- f-gp-Xp-∂-Xnem-bn-cp∂p Cu Ihn-bpsS anSp-°v. ]Z-ku-µcyw, Bi-b-em-fnXyw, L-S-\mkmcfyw -F-∂nh At±l- Ø ns‚ ]m´p- I fpsS khn- t i- j - X - I fm- b n- c p- ∂ p. kap- Z m- b sØ DW¿ØpI, Nn¥n-∏n-°pI F∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p B_p-hns‚ ]m´p-I-fpsS e£yw. kmaq-lnI hna¿i\w B_p-hns‚ Ihn-X-I-fn¬ ImWmw. kap-Zm-bsØ apSn-°p∂ Imip-]-WsØ alm-am-cn-bmbn At±lw I¬]n-®p. ImXp-Ip-Øn-s\-Xnsc ]m´p-I-sf-gpXn. B_p-hns‚ Imhym-fl-IX \nd™ ]m´p-I-fpsS DZm-l-c-W-߃ kvamcI{KŸ-Øn-ep≠v. ""XrW-Øn¬ \n m-camw lna-Øn≥ IW-Ømse cXv\-cm-K-ap-≠m°pw {k„mhv i‡≥ Xs∂.''

Ipd-Øn-∏m-´nepw ImWmw Cu k¿§m-fl-IX: ""t\cw shfp-Ø-t∏mƒ DΩ-d-tØm-∏nse h√cn s]‰n-Xt√m IpdØn h√cn s]‰n-Xt√m C∂-se-b¥n shfp-°pw-h-sc-b-hƒ t]‰p-t\mth‰n-cn°pw Ipdhm t]‰pt\m-th-‰ncn°pw.'' ]qºm-‰-sb-°p-dn®v efnXtIma-f-]-Z-߃ sIm≠v ]ms´gp-Xnb Ihn AXns\ sam´n-t\mSv ]p©n-cn-°p∂ sam©-Wn-™-h-fmbn I¬]n-°p-∂p. ssZh-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ B_p-hns‚ Nne hcn-Iƒ°p ]pXpabp≈ \nco£-W-]m-Shhpw H∏w XXz-Nn¥m -kv]¿ihpap≠v. ""Xmsg \n¬°pw ]p¬s°m-Sn°pw Bg-tadpw h≥ \Zn°pw Nqsg \n¬°pw ama-e°pw Dugn-hm\w sXm´hbv°pw Poh-\n´ Xºp-cm≥.....'' am∏n-f-∏m´v cN-bn-Xm-sh-∂- \n-e-bn¬ B_p \nkvXp-e-\m-bn-cp-∂p. {]kvXpX ]m´ns‚ khn-ti-j-X-Ifpw kl-P-Kp-W-ßfpw F¥m-sW∂pw B_p a\- n-em-°n-bn-cp-∂p. am∏n-f-∏m-´p-Iƒ F∂ t]cn¬ C∂v {]N-cn°p∂ ]pØ≥ Nc-°p-Iƒ ]eXpw Ir{Xn-ahpw Km\m-fl-I-X-b√msX

am∏n-f-∏m-´ns‚ as‰mcp KpWhpan√m-Ø-Xp-am-sW∂pw Nq≠n-°m-Wn® B_p B ]m´pcq]-tØmSv F{X-am{Xw Bflm¿∞X sh®p ]pe¿Ønbn-cp-∂p-sh∂v klr-Z-bsc t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. apl-ΩZv \_n-sb-°p-dn®v Fgp-Xnb Hcp am∏n-f-∏m´n¬ AXp cNn°p∂ ImeØv ]e am∏n-f-∏m-´p-I-fnepw D]-tbm-Kn® Xc-Øn-ep≈ Ae¶m- c - ß fmWv ImWp- ∂ sX- ¶ nepw Ci¬ a[p- c n- a - [mcm- f - a p- ≠ v . efnXtImafIm¥ ]Zm-h-en-Ifn¬ Xs∂-bm-bn-´p-≠v. B ]m´n¬ ]e-coXn- I - f n¬ "Hfnhv ' - F ∂ ]ZsØ Bh¿Øn- ® p- ] - t bm- K n®p sIm≠v \_n{]`m-hsØ s]men-∏n-°p-∂p.

AXn¬ {]hm-N-I-\mb apl-ΩZp \_nsb a°-bn¬ DZn® Hfn-hv, BZn-tbm≥ X≥ Hfn-hv, Cu temI-Øns‚ apJ-Øns‚ Hfn-hv, Be-Øn≥ Hfn-hv F∂nßs\ Hfnhv F∂ ]ZsØ ame t]mse tN¿Øp sh®v \_n-bpsS amlm-flysØ {]tim-`n-∏n-°p-∂p. Cu hcn-I-fnse Xmfw, ebw, DNn-X-amb Ae-¶mc {]tbmKw F∂nh kwKoXmfl-Ihpw at\ml-c-hp-am-bncn°p-∂p. Cu \_nIo¿Ø-\-Øn¬ Aivd-^p¬ J¬sJm-fnhv, N{µ kpµ-c¿(-N-{µ-s\-t∏mse kpµ-c≥), N¥-an-b-∂-h¿, A¬ Aao\m-b-h¿, dlva-Øp-S-b-h¿, ]m]-ß-f-‰-h¿, t]cn¬ anI-¥-h¿, apØv aplΩ-Z¿, hm\-Øn-te-dn-tbm¿, an-Av-dm-Pn≥ -B-\µw sIm≠-h¿, A¿ins‚ s]ms∂mfn I≠-h¿ F∂n-ßs\ kvXpXn-am-e-bmbn ]m´ns\ ]cn-h¿Øn∏n-®n-cn-°p∂p. D]-a, cq]-Iw, A¥y-{]mkw˛ CXmWv Cu hcn-I-fnse Imhym-fl-I-Xbv°v B[m-cw. \_n-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ thsdbpw ]m´p-Iƒ "sImºv tI‰w' t]mep≈ Ci-ep-I-fn¬ B_p Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v. Jp¿ B\nset∏mse NoØ-°-hn-Isf `¿’n-°p-∂p-ap-≠v. "Zp-jv°hn' F∂ IhnX DZm-l-c-Ww. Cu IhnX KZy-cq-]-Øn-emWv Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. "aZn-c-Ihn' F∂ Ci-en¬ cNn® "a\-Ø-Ø-tbmSv' F∂ ]m´v AXy¥w Xmfm-fl-I-amWv. Cuam\m-Ip∂ \ocm-dv, Ckvem-a-sX∂ I\n-ckw, -kp∂- s Ø∂ ]q¶m- h v , XJv h ms‚ Xqa[p- c - t a- d p∂ tX≥Xp≈n, dlv a ØsX∂ \n[n˛Cß-s\-bp≈ cq]Iame sIm≠mWv "a\-Ø-Ø-tbmSv' F∂ ]m´v Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. "A√mlp A√msX C√ Cemlv' F∂v ]mSm\pw "A√mlphns‚ dkq-emWv apl-ΩZv' F∂v D®-Øn¬ ]mSm\pw kz¥w a\- m-Ip∂ XØ-tbmSv Ihn I¬∏n-°p-∂p. am[p-cyhpw emfnXyhpw \_nt{]a-Øn¬ ebn-∏n-®mWv Cu ]m´v cNn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Cu ]m´p`mK-߃ Xp©-sØ-gp-Ø-—s‚ XØsb ae-bm-fn-bpsS a\- n-seØn-°pw.

Ckvemw-aXhnizm-kn-bmb Hcp Ihn°pw apl-ΩZv\_n-bpsS "t]mcni-'Iƒ ]d-™m¬ Xocm-dn-√. \_n-a-Zvlp-Iƒ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p∂ ]m´p-IfpsS Ie-hd Xs∂ temI-km-ln-Xy-Øn-ep-≠v. ae-bm-f-Øn¬ h≈tØmƒ, Ip™n-cm-a≥ \mb¿ F∂n-h¿ sXm´v bqk-^en tIt®-cn, Dss_-

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Zv,- ]n.-Sn.-A-–pdlvam≥ hsc-bp-≈-hcpw am∏n-f-∏m´v cN-bn-Xm-°-fmb ]pXnb Xe-ap-d-bnse ]ms´-gp-Øp-Imcpw hsc \_namlm-fly-sØ-°pdn®v aXn-h-cmsX ]mSn-bn-´p-≠v. B_p-hns‚ Imcyw {]tXy-In®v ]d-bm-\n√. \_n-bpsS P\\w apX¬ \_nXz]Zhn In´n-bXp hscbp≈ Ncn{Xw a{ZkmhnZym¿∞n-Iƒ°p th≠n B_p cNn-®n-´p-≠v.

Ban\m _p°vkv‰m-fn-t‚-XmWv ]pkvX-Iw. ]g-b-ImeImhykmlnXy-Øn-em-sI-bp-≈ Hcp {]h-WX ]pkvXIcN\ ]q¿Øo-I-cn-°m-\p≈ ssZh-tØm-Sp≈ {]m¿∞-\-bmWv. AXv B_p-hnepw ImWm-\p-≠v. ""BZ-c-hmb dkq-ep-≈ms‚ aXsØ BZ-cm-sem´p Npcp-°n-∏m-Sm-\pX-°sØ d∫mb \mYm \o GIpI F∂n¬ I\n-thmsS'' F∂mWv B_p-hns‚ {]m¿∞-\. "Xulo-sZ∂ Xncn sImfp-Ønb \q-dp-≈, AgI¿ \_nbp≈' F∂n-ß-s\-bp≈ hnti-j-W-߃ ae-bm-f-Øn¬ ]pXp-XmWv. "amc-c-∂_n' -F∂ Ci-en¬ \_n-bpsS P\-\-sØ-°p-dn®v, ]nXramXr]mc-º-cy-sØ-°p-dn®v, Ban-\ \mepamkw K¿`n-Wn-bmbt∏mƒ `¿Ømhv A–p≈ acn-®-Xn-s\-°p-dn-®v, Bi-Iƒ Icn™ Ban-\-bpsS ZpxJsØ-°p-dns®ms° B_p Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. ]nXm-hns\ ImWm\m-hmØ ]n©p-Ip-™n-s\-°p-dn®v B_p Fgp-Xn-bXv Ip´n-Iƒ°v ck\o-b-amb a-´n¬ Xs∂. ""sam©n-e-©n-s°m-©nSm≥ apØpΩ -Ipt™ \ns‚ sam©p-Im-Wm-\mi sh®p _m∏ Xs∂'' Fs∂-gp-Xp-tºmƒ AXnse emfnXyw am{Xw {]mk-߃ tN¿Øv Xmf-s∏-Sp-Øm\pw BI¿j-I-am-°m\pw B_p-hn\v km[n-°p∂p. \_n P\\w sNbvX-t∏mƒ {]Ir-Xn-bnep-≠mb AZr-∏-ßsf∏‰nbpw Fgp-Xnbn-´p-≠v. ]nXm-hns‚ ac-W-tØmsS amXmhv Ban-\-bpsS NnØ-ØneØen≥ -Xo-®qSv AW-™n-s√∂pw apl-ΩZns‚ B\-µ-∏q-apJw ImWptºmƒ _m∏ms‚ Hm¿Ω Hgn-™n√ F∂p-sams° Fgp-Xn-b-Xn-ep≈ `mhm-fl-IX {it≤bw Xs∂. Xmtee∏m-´p-I-fpsS coXn-bnepw BZym£c{]mkw tN¿Øpw ck-\o-b-am-°m≥ B_p-hn\v Ign-bp∂p. ""Ifn-®n√ -sh-dp-∏n°pw Ifn-sbm∂paXp-t]mse IYn®n√ -ap-jn-∏n°pw samgn-I-sfm∂pw'' "A¬Aao≥' F∂ \_n-hn-ti-j-WsØ ae-bm-f-Øn¬ B_p hnh¿Ø\w sNbvXXv "t\c-ÿ≥ ' F∂ ]pXp-a-bp≈ ]Zw D≠m-°nsb-Sp-ØmWv.

"AIv_¿ kZJ' F∂ Ci-en¬ \_n-bpsS Ieym-W-sØ-°p-dn®v Fgp-Xnb ]m´v ]o¿ap-l-ΩZv F∂ Kmb-I≥ ]mSn ln‰m-°n-bn-´p-ap-≠v. H∏w hn]p-ea-- mbn ]mS-s∏-Sp-∂X - p-am-Wv. ""Ag-I¿ apl-Ω-Zn≥ ioehpw tImehpw t\cpw s\dnbpw I≠v JZo-Pm_n Bin®v J¬_n¬ \ndsb I\Ø sImXn-sh®v \s√ apl-ΩsZ IeymWw sNøp-hm≥ \mco JZo-Pm_n Bin-®p-d-∏n®v _m∏ Jpssh-temXo hnh-c-߃'' At∏mƒ _m∏-bpsS adp-]Sn tZjys∏´mbn-cp-∂p. _¶o-i-°m-c-\mb hoc≥ Jpssh-enZns‚ B-c-º-∏q-tamsf thfn Ign-°m≥, tJmPm-Øn-bmb \o Iogm-f-\mb apl-Ω-Zn-s\-bmtWm Xnc-s™-Sp-ØXv F∂m-bn-cp∂p Jpssh-en-Zns‚ tNmZyw. ""am\hpw s]m∂pw s]cp-a-an-I-s®mcp amc-s\-s°m≠p Rm≥ sI´n°pw \ns∂ Rm≥'' F∂v Abmƒ hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. CXp tI´ JZo-P-bpsS a\- ns\ B_p Ah-X-cn-∏n-®-Xv "tImfn¬ Ip-Spßn' F∂mWv. F{Xam{Xw ZpxJhpw Ie-°hpw JZo-P-bpsS a\- n-ep-≠mbn F∂v Cu `mKw `wKn-bmbn klr-Z-bsc t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Øpw. BcmWv apl-ΩZv F∂v Ihn Cu `mKØv ]d-bp-∂p-≠v. ""tIgp-t∂msc ssIhn-SmØ-h≥, Ime-Øns∂m-∏n®v tImew sI´m-Ø-h≥'' F∂n-ß-s\-bmWv JZo-P-bpsS adp-]-Sn. \_n P\\-sØ-°p-dn®v ]d-bp-tºmƒ A¤p-X-ß-fp-≠mbn F∂ A‘hn-izm-ksØ B_p kzoI-cn-®-Xmbn ImWp-∂p≠v.

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ae-bm-f-Ønse CkvemanI kmlnXyIrXn-I-fpsS FÆw t\m°nbm¬ Ah Ipd-shm-∂p-a-√. ]s£ auen-IX Ah-Im-i-s∏-Smhp-∂h Ipdhp Xs∂-bm-Wv. C∂n-t∏mƒ Ckvem-anI kmlnXyw A®-Sn-°p∂ sNdpXpw hep-Xp-amb At\Iw {]kn-≤o-Ic - W - m-eb - ß - f - p-≠v. aX-aoamwkm IrXn-I-fmWv A[n-Ihpw {]kn-≤o-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. CkvemanI Zm¿i\n-I-X-tbtbm Ckvem-anI kuµcyin£-W-ß-sftbm X\n-a-tbmsS AhX-cn-∏n-°p-∂-h A[n-I-an-√. auenI{KŸ-߃ cNn-°m≥ {]-Xn`mimenXzw thWw. Hmtcm hmb-\-bnepw ]pXnb ]pXnb A¿∞-߃ \¬Ip-∂-hbm-bn-cn°pw {]Xn-`m-im-en-Iƒ cNn-°p∂ {KŸ-߃. \h-\-thm-t∑jw ]I-cp∂ Ckvem-anIIrXn-Iƒ In´m≥ A\y-`m-j-I-sf-Øs∂ kao-]n°-Ww. A°mcyw Xncn-®-dn-™n-´mWv B_p amjv CX-c-`m-j-I-fn\n∂pw anI® IrXn-Iƒ hnh¿Ø\w sNøm≥ Xp\n-™-Xv. apl-ΩZv AkZns‚ "Ckvemw hgn-Øn-cn-hn¬' AØ-c-samcp IrXn-bm-Wv. AkZv 1935 ¬ Fgp-Xn-b "Ckvemw A‰v Zn t{ImkvtdmUvkv ' -F∂ ]pkvXIw B_p 1975˛emWv hnh¿Ø\w sNbvXv "Ckvemw hgn-Øn-cnhn¬' F∂ t]cn¬ {]kn-≤o-I-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ]m›m-Xy-\mbn Hcp PqX IpSpw_-Øn¬ P\n®v, AXns‚ XW-en¬ hf¿∂v, AXns‚ hn]-Øn-s\-°pdn®v t_m[-hm-\m-b-t∏mƒ B Pohn-X-coXn hen-s®-dn™v Ckvemw aXw kzoI-cn® Hcp ]{X-{]-h¿Ø-I-\mWv apl-Ω-Zv Ak-Zv. 1900˛Øn¬ ]utcmlnXy]mc-º-cy-ap≈ Hcp PqXIpSpw-_-Øn¬ ]nd∂ entbm t]mƒUv

shbvkv F∂ AkZv ln-{_p, Ac-amb `m-j-I-fnepw PqX-th-Z-ß-fnepw Ip´n-°m-eØp Xs∂ hyp¬∏Øn t\Sn. hnb∂ k¿∆-I-em-im-e-bnXXz-Nn-¥bpw Iem-N-cn-{Xhpw ]Tn-°m≥ Bcw-`n®psh¶nepw AXp apgpan-®n-√. Ipd-®p-Imew ssk\n-I-\m-bn-cp-∂p. ]{X-{]-h¿Ø-I-\mbn PohnXw Bcw-`n-°p-∂-Xn\p th≠n ho´n¬ \n∂pw Hfn®p t]mbn. FØn-s∏-´Xv kn\nam cwK-Øm-Wv. Xnc-°YmcN-bn-Xmhpw kl-kw-hn-[m-b-I-\p-ambn {]h¿Øn®p. HSp-hn¬ ]{X-{]-h¿Ø-I-\m-bn. hniz-{]-kn≤ßfmb ]e ]{X-ß-fp-sSbpw a[y-]u-c-kvXy-tZisØ teJ-I-\m-bn-cp-∂p. kml-knI-Xbpw k©m-chpw c‡-Øn¬ Aen-™p-tN¿∂n-cp∂ shbvkv Hcn-SØpw ÿnc-ambn Xma-kn-®n-√. a[y]uckvXytZiØv F{Xtbm h¿jw Xmakn-®p. B bm{X-I-sf-∏-‰n-sb√mw ]pkvX-I-߃ {]kn-≤o-I-cn-®p. Ad_n-I-fpsS Pohn-Xhpw XpS¿∂v Ah-cpsS hnizm-khpw shbvkns\ BI¿jn-®p. Ccp-]-Øn-bmdmw hb- n¬ _¿en-\n¬ sh®v CkvemwaXw hniz-kn®v At±lw apl-ΩZv Ak-Zm-bn. XpS¿∂v Ad-_n-`m-j-bnepw Ckvem-anIhn⁄m-\ß - f - nepw Adnhp t\Sn. \nc-h[n h¿j-ßf - psS A[zm\-^-e-ambn Jp¿-B\pw \_n-N-cy-Ifpw hymJym-\n-®p. C_v\p kpDu-Zv, cn-km-jm, ss^k¬ XpS-ßnb `c-Wm-[n-]-∑m-cp-sSbpw kønZv Alva-Zv, Da¿ apJvXm¿ XpS-ßnb {]ÿm\\mb-I-∑m-cp-sSbpw apl-ΩZv CJv_men-s\-t∏msebp≈ alm-I-hn-I-fp-sSbpw kplr-Øm-bn-cp∂p Ak-Zv. ]m›mXykwkvImcsØ AXns‚ F√m `oI-c-X-I-tfmSpw Im]Syß-tfm-Sp-sam∏w Ah-X-cn-∏n®v AXns‚ A¥- mciq\y-X-tbbpw A]I-S-Im-cn-X-tbbpw AXnka¿∞-ambn A\m-h-cWw sNøp∂ IrXn-bmWv Ak-Zns‚ "Ckvemw A‰v t{ImkvtdmUvkv'. Ckvemw F∂ at\m-lc-amb hmkvXpin¬]-Øns‚ GXp `mK-Øn-\mWv `wKn F∂p ]d-bm-\mhmsX AXns\ ka- k vX- t Im- W p- I - f n¬ \n∂pw t\m°n A\ykwkvImcku[-ß-fp-ambn AXns‚ kuµ-cyhpw kujvThhpw Xpe\w sNøp-I-bmWv AkZv sNøp-∂-Xv. Jp¿B\n-te°pw lZo-knte°pw Xncn-®p-h-cm-\p≈ Blzm\w, Bi-b-ß-fpsS Kmw`ocyw, BhnjvI-c-W-Øns‚ imkv{Xo-bX CsXm-s°-bmWv Cu IrXn-bpsS {]tXyI-X. ]m›mXy\mK-cn-I-X-bpsS t\sc apkvenwIƒ kzoI-cn-t°≠ \ne]mSv Cu ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ AkZv apt∂m´v sh°p∂p. F√m LS-I-ßfpw F√m `mK-ßfpw H∂v as‰m-∂ns\ Xmßpw Du°p-am°n-s°m≠v bmsXmcp G‰-°p-d-®nepw IqSm-sX, ]cn-]q¿Æ-amb ka-Xp-en-X-tbm-sS, sI´p-d-t∏msS, hnZ-Kv[-ambn ]Wn-sX-SpØ Hcp hmkvXpin¬]w t]mse-bmWv Ckvemw \ne-sIm-≈p-∂-sX∂v Dƒ°m-gvN-tbmSp IqSn AkZv ImWp-∂p. kaqlPohn-X-Øn\v Gsd-°psd klm-b-I-amb ]e aX-ß-fn¬ H∂p am{X-amWv Ckvemw F∂v [cn®p t]mcp-∂-h¿°p th≠n Fgp-X-s∏-´n-´p≈-X√ Cu ]pkvX-Iw. \_n-bpsS kl-N-c-∑m-cpsS lrZ-b-ß-fn¬

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Fcn™p \n∂, Hcp ImeØv Ckvem-ans\ Hcp kmaq-lnI]≤-Xnbpw kmwkvIm-cnIt\´-hp-am°nØo¿Ø B Pzme-bpsS kv^penw-K-sa-¶nepw lrZ-b-ß-fn¬ Ah-tijn®n´p-≈-h¿°p th≠n Fgp-X-s∏´ ]pkvX-I-amWn-Xv. ]gb BNm-c-ßfpw hnizm-k-ßfpw kmh-Imiw A{]-Xy-£-am-hpIbpw ]pXnb coXn- I ƒ Infn¿Øp hcn- I bpw sNøp∂ Imgv N CkvemanItemI-Øpw D≠v. CXv Fhn-tS-°mWv apkvenaoßsf FØn°pIsb∂ tNmZy-Øn-\p≈ hni-Z-amb DØ-c-hpa√ Cu IrXn-sb∂pw {KŸ-Im-c≥ ]d-bp-∂p-≠v. ]m›mXy \mK-cn-I-X-bpsS t\sc Ah¿ Ahew-_n-t°≠ \ne-]mSv F∂ {]iv\w am{Xta {]Xn-]m-Z-\-Øn\v Xm≥ sXc-s™-Sp-Øn-´p-≈q F∂v AkZv ]d-bp-∂p: ""Ckvem-ans‚ ASnÿm\]c-amb Nne Z¿i-\-ß-sf-°p-dn®v, hnti-jn®v \_nN-cy-I-sf-°pdn®v Fgp-Xn-bm¬Øs∂ AXv _rl-Ømb {KŸ-am-hpw. hfsc hym]I-amb Cu hnj-b-Øns‚ tIhetcJ am{Xta Rm≥ hc-°p-∂p-≈q.

AXn{][m-\-amb Cu hnj-b-sØ-°p-dn®v IqSp-X¬ Nn¥n-°p-hm≥ Cu {lkz-amb cq]-tcJ a‰p-≈-h¿°v t{]c-I-am-Ip-sa∂v Rm≥ hniz-kn-°p∂p''˛ AkZv Fgp-Xp-∂p. ]{X-{]-h¿Ø-I-s\∂ \ne-bnepw a‰pw Poh-XØns‚ A[n-I-Imew Ckvem-anI ]uckvXy-tZ-i-ßfn¬ Ign®p Iq´nb AkZv bqtdm-∏n¬ \n∂pw `n∂-amb Hcp kmaq-lnI{Iahpw Pohn-X-ho£-Whpw B \mSp-I-fn¬ I≠p. bm{¥n-I-amb bqtdm-]y≥ Pohn-X-coXn-bp-ambn Xmc-X-ay-s∏-Sp-Øp-tºmƒ AXn-{]-im-¥-amb, IqSp-X¬ am\pjn-I-amb Pohn-X-{Iaw I≠p. AtXmsS B kwkvIm-c-hp-ambn X\n°v CW-°w h∂p-sh∂pw B hyXym-k-Øns‚ Imc-W-ß-sf-°p-dn®v ]Tn°m-\p≈ {iaØn-emWv apkvenwI-fpsS aX-t_m-[-\-ß-fn¬ Xm≥ X¬]c-\m-b-sX∂v AkZvv Fgp-Xp-∂p. bYm¿∞-amb kmtlm-Z-cy-Øns‚ ]ca-amb t_m[-tØm-Sp-IqSn kwL-Sn-∏n-°-s∏´ cq]-Øn-emWv Xm≥ apkvenwIfpsS aX-t_m-[-\-ß-fn¬ X¬]-c-\m-b-sX∂pw AkZv shfns∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. ]s£ B[p-\nIapkvenwPohn-X-Øns‚ Ahÿ CkvemanIaX-t_m-[-\-ß-fn¬ \n∂v \t∂ AI-se-bm-sW∂ kXyw a\- nem-b-t∏mƒ, D∂-Xnbpw I¿Ω-hp-amWv Ckvem-an-ep-≈-sX∂v Xncn-®-dn-™t∏mƒ, apkvenwIƒ°n-S-bn¬ Ah Ae-k-Xbpw \njv{In-b-Xz-hp-ambn am‰-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂psh∂v a\- n-em-°n-b-t∏mƒ, Hu-Zm-cyhpw XymK-k-∂-≤X-bp-amWv Cu aX-Øn-ep-≈-sX-¶nepw AXns‚ hn]-co-X-Øn-emWv C∂sØ apkvenwI-fp-≈-sX∂v a\- n-em-°n-b-t∏mƒ, k¶p-NnXat\m`m-hhpw kpJPohnXtemep-]-Xbpw C∂sØ apkven-w-I-fn¬ I≠-t∏mƒ D≠mb {]Xn-I-c-W-amWv "Ckvemw Hcp hgn-Øn-cn-hn¬' F∂ {KŸØns‚ cN-\-bn-te°v Ak-Zns‚ {i≤ t]mIm≥ Imc-Ww. Ckvem-ap-≠v, ]s£ ico-c-Øn¬ ssNX-\y-an-√. F¥mhmw CXns‚

Imc-W-sa-∂-dn-bm≥ ]e apkvenw Nn¥-I-cp-ambn N¿® \S-Ønb AkZvv A∂v Aap-kven-am-bn´pw Ckvem-ans‚ ]£-Øp-\n∂pw ]Tn-®-Xns‚ ^eam-bn-´mWv At±lw Ckvem-an-te°p h∂-Xv. Ckvem-ans‚ GsX-¶nepw {]tXyI {]t_m-[-\-a√ adn®v [m¿anIt_m[-\-ß-fp-sSbpw {]mtbmKnIPohnX]≤-Xn-bp-sSbpw k¿∆XeNpw_nbpw -A-hn-tO-Zyhp-amb LS\m-hn-tij-amWv AkZns\ Ckvem-an-te°v BI¿jn-®-Xv. A\yq-\-amb Hcp hmkvXpin¬]w t]mse Ckvemw \ne-sIm-≈p-∂p. F√m `mK-ßfpw F√m LS-I-ßfpw H∂ns\ as‰m∂v Xmßpw Du-°p-am°ns°m≠v bmsXmcp G‰-°p-d-®nepw IqSmsX ]cn-]q¿Æ-amb ka-XpenX-tbmSpw sI´p-d-t∏mSpw IqSn hnZ-Kv[-ambn ]Wn-sX-SpØ Hcp hmkvXp-in¬]w t]mse Ckvem-ans‚ t_m[-\-ßfpw ASn-ÿm\ {]am-W-ßfpw bYmÿm-\Øv ÿnXn-sN-øp-∂p-sh∂ t_m[yw AkZn¬ kpZr-V-amb ]cnWmaw kr„n®p Aßs\ AkZvv Jp¿B\pw lZokpw ]Tn-®p. Ckvem-ans‚ `mjbpw AXn-s‚ Ncn-{Xhpw ]Tn®p. Ckvemans\°pdn®pw AXn-s\-Xnsc FgpX-s∏-´Xpw ]Tn-®p. \_n {]-t_m-[\w \S-Ønb BZnkt¶-X-Øns‚ Np‰p]m-Sp-I-fn¬ \n∂v A\p-`-h-߃ t\Sn-sb-Sp-°m≥ lnPm-knepw \PvZnepw aZo\-bnepw A©v kwh’-c-°mew Ign®p Iq´n. ]e \m´p-Imcmb apkvenw-I-fpsS tI{µam-bXp sIm≠v apkvenw temIØv C∂p \ne-\n¬°p∂ aX-]-chpw kmaq-ln-I-hp-amb `n∂ho£-W-K-Xn-Isf Xmc-Xayw sNbvXp ]Tn-®p. apkvenw-I-fpsS t]mcmbva aqew ]e A]-I¿j-߃ kw`-hn-®n-´p-s≠-¶nepw Bflo-bhpw kmaq-ln-I-hp-amb {]Xn-`m-k-sa∂ \nebv°v a\p-jy-cm-insb D∂-Xn-bn-te°v \bn-°p∂ AXnal-Øm-b i‡n-bm-bn Ckvemw \ne-\n¬°p∂p F∂ hnizmkw B \nco-£-Wßfpw Xmc-Xay]T-\-ßfpw AkZn¬ Df-hm-°n. AtXmsS AXns\ ]p\cp-≤-cn-°pI F∂ {]iv\-Øn¬ Xs‚ {i≤ ap-gp-h≥ tI{µo-I-cn-®p. B al- Ø mb e£y- Ø n- t e- ° p≈ Ffnb kw`m- h - \ - b mbmWv AkZv "Ckvemw A‰v t{ImkvtdmUvkn's\ ImWp-∂-Xv. Ckvemapw ]m›mXy kwkvIm-chpw XΩn-ep≈ hyh-lm-c-Øn¬ Hcp ImgvN-°m-c≥ F∂ \ne°p≈ samgn-bmWv Cu ]pkvX-I-Øns‚ D≈-S-°w.

Ak-Zns‚ Cu hni-Zo-I-c-W-ßfpw AXn\v At±lw kzoI-cn® `mjbpw Gsd hyXy-kvX-X-bp≈ H∂m-sW∂v C{Xbpw Fgp-Xn-b-Xn\n∂p Xs∂ a\- n-em-°m-\m-hpw. Ak-Zns‚ Cw•o-jns\ B_p F∂ ae- b mfn DNnX]Zm- h - e n- I - f n- e qsS ae- b m- f - Ø n- e m- ° n- b - s X- ß - s \- b msW∂Xn∂v ta¬]-d™ hmIy-߃ Xs∂ DZm-l-c-Ww. B_p-hns‚ hmIy-߃ Cw•o-jn-ep≈ At±-l-Øns‚ {]mhoWyw Cu hnh¿Ø\ IrXn km£n\n¬°p-∂p. AkZvv Ckvem-ans\ ImWp∂ coXn Xs∂bmWv ]pkvX-I-Øns‚ auen-IX.

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"Ckvemw hgn-Øn-cn-hn¬' F∂ ]pkvX-I-Øn\v HºXv A[ym-b-ßfp-≠v. "BapJ'-Ønep≈ kq£vahpw thdn-´-Xp-amb Nne hmIy-ß-fpsS kØmWv apI-fn¬ ]cn-tim-[n-®Xv c≠m-a-[ymbw "Ckvem-ans‚ kXy-am¿§w' F∂ t]cn-ep-≈-XmWv AXy¥w ka-Xp-en-X-amb, GI-e-amb kmI-ey-am-bn-´mWv aX-߃ a\pjys\ klm-bn-°p-∂-sX∂v A-kZv ]d-bp-∂p. "GIew' F∂ ]Zw "lm¿tamWnbkv' F∂ Cw•ojv ]Z-Øns‚ X¿÷-abm-bmWv B_p \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. lm¿tam-Wn-bkv -F∂ ]Z-Øn\v tbmPn-∏p≈, tN¿®bp≈, a\-s∏m-cp-Ø-ap≈, A\p-cq-]-amb, GIXm-\-amb -F-s∂m-s°-bmWv Kp]vX≥ \mb¿ B ]Z-Øn\v \¬-bn-bn-cn-°p∂ A¿∞w. ]s£ Cu "GIew' F∂ ae-bm-f-]-Z-Øn\v H‰-°mb, X\n-®mb F∂n-ß-s\-bp≈ A¿∞-ap≠v. thdn-´ kmIeyw -F-∂mhmw B_p Dt±-in-®-Xv. a‰p aX-ßfn¬ \n∂pw Ckv e mw hyXykv X amIp- ∂ - s X- ß - s \- s b- ∂ p- ≈ - X ns‚ kq£va \nco-£-W-amWv AkZv \S-Øp-∂-Xv. ssZhlnXØn\p hgßn a\p-jy\v [¿tΩm-]-tZiw \¬IpI F∂ km[m-cW aX[¿Ω-Øn\n∂p A∏p-d-tØ°p t]mIp∂ aX-ambn AkZv Ckvem-ans\ ImWp∂p. A√m-lp-hns‚ GI-X-bn¬ \n∂v D¤-hn® Ckvemw, Pohn-X-am-Iam\w \n›-b-ambpw Hcp H∂n-∏m-sW∂v am{Xa√ Hmtcm hy‡n°pw Ahs‚ hy‡n]c-amb ]cn-[n-bn¬ \n∂p sIm≠v `uXnIPohn-X-Øn¬, I¿Ω-Ønepw Nn¥-bnepw sFIyw ]pe¿Øp-hm\p≈ {]mtbm-KnIam¿§ßsf AXv Im´n-s°m-Sp-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p. ]ca e£yw-t\-Sm≥ `uXnItemI-\n-cm-I-cWw Ckvem-an¬ C√.

Bflobhnip-≤n-bpsS clky Ihm-Sw Xpd-°-m≥ D{K-X-] v F∂ ho£Whpw Cu aX-Øn-en-√. tam£w t\Sm≥ Zp¿{K-lßfmb Ahy‡{]amW-ß-fn¬ hniz-kn-°m\pw Ckvemw \n¿_-‘n-°p-∂n-√. Cu aXw KqVm¿∞{]am-W-a-√. ssZhw Ahs‚ kr„n-Iƒ°v \nivN-bn® {]IrXn \nb-a-a-\p-k-cn--®p≈ Hcp PohnX]≤Xn F∂ ImgvN-∏m-SmWv {KŸ-Im-c∂p-≈-Xv. a\pjyPohn-X-Øns‚ Bflo-bhpw `uXn-I-hp-amb `mh-ßsf ka-{K-ambn GtIm-]n-∏n-°p-∂-XmWv Ckvem-ans‚ X\n-a. Ckvemw AXns‚ t_m[-\-Øn¬ a\p-jys‚ imco-cn-Ihpw am\-knIhpamb PohnX-߃°n-S-bn¬ bmsXmcp kwL-´-\-Øn\pw Ah-kcw \¬ImsX Cu c≠p `mh-ß-sfbpw kwtbm-Pn-∏n®psh∂v am{Xa√ Ah-bpsS klh¿Øn-Xzhpw Ahn-t—-Zy-Xbpw Pohn-X-Øns‚ kzm`m-hnI ASn-ÿm-\ambn I¬]n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. ]›mXycmPy-Øns‚ ssNX\yw, Ipcnip bp≤-ß-fpsS \ng¬, hnZym-`ym-k-sØ-∏-‰n, A\p-I-c-W-sØ-∏-‰n, "lZokpw' "kp∂Øpw', "kp∂-Øn's‚ {]`mhw Cßs\ hyXykvX Xe-s°-´p-Ifn-eqsS Ckvemw ta¬]-d™ hnj-b-ßsf Fßs\ ssIImcyw sNøp∂p-sh∂v AkZv AXnkq£va-X-tbmsS shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p.

Ckvem-ans‚ {]tXy-IX F√m Imcy߃°pw ASn-ÿm-\-ambn aXt_m-[-ap≠v F∂-Xm-Wv. ]mivNmXykwkvIm-c-hp-ambn AXns\ Xpe\w sNbvXm¬ AXnhn]p-e-amb hnShp ImWmw. B[p-\nI ]m›mXy {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬ euInIkºmZytamlw, {]`mhtamlw˛ CXn-sems°bmWv B[n- ] - X yw sNep- Ø p- ∂ - X v . Pohn- X - Ø n\v AXn- t ‚- X mb [m¿anIbmYm¿∞yw I¬]n-°p-∂n-√. ]e-]e kwkvIm-c-ß-fn-eqsS k©cn®v Ckvem-anIkwkvIm-c-Øns‚ kzXzhpw -D-◊bpw hf¿®bpw AkZv hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-∂p. ***** ***** *****

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H.-B_p

]mc-º-cy-Øns‚ kar≤XS-ß-fn¬ \n∂psIm≠v lrZ-bm-h¿÷-Iamb Imhy-߃ cNn® `ph\{]kn-≤-\mb Ihn-bmWv tUmŒ¿ apl-ΩZv CJv_m¬. temI-sØ-ºm-Sp-ap≈ Ihn-I-fn¬ CJv_m¬ sNep-Øn-bn´p≈ kzm[o\w A¤p-Xm-h-l-am-Wv. C¥y-bn-se {]tXy-In®v ae-bm-fØn-se Fgp-Øp-Im¿°pw Ihn-Iƒ°pw CJv_m¬ IhnX Gsd {]nbs∏-´-Xm-Wv. AXn¬ Nne¿ At±-l-Øns‚ anI® Ihn-X-I-fn¬ Nne-Xns\ ae-bm-f-Ønte°p hnh¿Ø\w sNbvXn-´p-≠v. ae-bm-f-Ønse Ihn-{X-bØn¬ Hcm-fmb, ae-bmf Ihn-Xsb Im¬]-\nI {]ÿm-\-Øn-te°v \bn® Ipam-c-\m-ims‚ "hoW-]qhv' F∂ Jfi-Im-hy-Øn\v CJv_mens‚ "Zn t^mf≥ ^vfh¿' F∂ IrXn-bp-am-bn-´p≈ km[¿ay-sØ-°pdn®v Fw.-F≥.-hn-P-b≥ amjv t\ctØ \nco-£n®n-´p-≠v. ae-bm-f-Ønse apkvenw Ihn--I-fnepw Fgp-Øp-Im-cnepw Nn¥-I-cnepw {]kw-K-I-cnepw hmb\-°m-cnepw CJv_m¬ sNep-Øn-bn-´p≈ kzm[o\w henb Kth-jW hnjbw Xs∂-bm-Wv. Cu ]›m-Ø-e-Øn-emWv H.-B_p hnh¿Ø\w sNbvX "Jnkvtd- dmlv' F∂ D¿Zp Jfi-Im-hy-Øns‚ {]k-‡n. "PohnX-c-lkyw' F∂mWv hnh¿Ø-I≥ ]pkvX-I-Øn\p t]cn-´n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ]pkvX-I-Øn\v Fw.-A-_q-_-°¿ Fgp-Xnb Ah-Xm-cnIbn¬ Cßs\ ImWp- ∂ p. "bYm¿∞- a mb {]Ir- t Xym- ] m- k - I ≥, AKm[Nn¥- I ≥, A\\ykm[m-c-W-\mb I¿Ω-tbm-Kn, hn⁄m\]mcw-K-X≥, AXp-ey-\mb Bfl-⁄m-\n,- ]u-ckvXy]m›mXyIe-I-fn¬ Adn-hp-≈-bmƒ, A\pKrlo-X-\mb Ihn-tIm-In-ew, \hw-\-h-ß-fmb Dt√-J-ß-fn-eqsS kpa[pckpµ-c-amb ]Zhn\ym-k-Øn-eqsS, AXns‚ {ipXnkuJyck-Øn-eqsS, AXoh Kl-\-ß-fmb XØz-Nn¥miI-e-ßsf kµ¿t`m-Nn-X-amb

D]-a-I-fn-eqsS hnImcP\-I-ßfpw hnIm-tcm-±o-]-I-ß-fp-amb XØz-ßsf D÷z-ehpw {]uV-hp-amb Ih\`mj-bn¬ Ah-X-cn-∏n®' CJv_m-ens‚ {]tXy-I-X-I-sf-°p-dn®v hni-Z-am-°p-∂p-≠v. DdpZp kmln-Xy-Øn¬ \hk-cWn kr„n®, A¿∞]p„nbpw ck-kv^q¿Ønbpw XnI™ Ihn-XIƒ Fgp-Xp-tºmƒ apkvenw kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ h¿Ø-am\Imem-hÿ Nq≠n-°m´n AXn¬ \ns∂-ßs\ Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂¬°m-\mhpw F∂ Bi-bsØ [z\ym-fl-I-amb kqN-\-Ifn-eqsS CJv_m¬ Ah-X-cn-∏n-®p.

Hmtcm a\p-jy\pw X∂n-ep≈ Bfl-⁄m-\sØ DW¿Øm≥ Ign™m¬ Ah∂v ]pXnb temIw kr„n-°m-\m-hpw. a\p-jy-cn-√mØ `qan kuµcycln-X-am-Wv. AXp-sIm≠v Xs∂ `qan-bn¬ a\p-jy∂v {]k‡nbp≠v. CJv_m¬ Fgp-Xp-∂p. ""Nne-t∏mƒ ssZhw \ns∂ \£-{Xß-fn-eqsS amSn-hn-fn-°p-∂p. Nne-t∏mƒ an∂¬ ]nW-cp-I-fm-Ip∂ hnf°p IØn®v \ns∂ Xnc-bp-∂p. Nne-t∏mƒ `b-¶-c-amb CSn-\mZw ]pd-s∏-Sphn®v \ns∂ `b-s∏-SpØn hi-Øm-°m≥ {i-an-°p-∂p. F∂m¬ XmZr-i-\tbm-]m-b-ß-fn¬ \o hoWp-t]m-h-cp-Xv. \o \ns∂ Adn-bp-I, \ns‚ Adnhp-Isf \o {Kln-°p-I, \ns‚ I¿Ø-hy-߃ \o \n¿∆-ln-°p-I. At∏mƒ ssZhnI i‡n \n∂n¬ Aen-™p- tN-cpw. \o ssZhmw-i-ambn Xocp-Ibpw sNøpw.'' kz¥-am-bn Hcp \ho-\-temIw kr„n-°m-\m-bn-cp∂ CJv_m-en\v Xm¬]-cyw. hy‡n-bn¬ A¥¿`-hn-®n-cn-°p∂ kakvX i‡n-I-fp-sSbpw ka- R v P - k hpw ]c- t am- ∂ - X - h p- a mb hnImkw hgn am{Xta \htemIkr„n \S-Øm-\m-hp-I-bp-≈q. "JpZn'sb Bkv]-Z-am°n CJv_mcNn® Ihn-X-Iƒ BflhnIm-k-Øn-s‚- am-{¥n-IhmXn-ep-I-fmWv Xpd∂n-´p-≈-Xv. kzXz-sØ,- D-◊sb sI´n-∏-Sp-°p-hm-\p≈ hnNmc]≤Xn Xs∂bmWv CJv_m-ens‚ Ihn-X-bnse XØzNn¥bn¬ \mw ImWp-∂-Xv. {]]©cl-ky-߃ ÿnXn-sN-øp-∂Xv Bflm-hns‚ A¤pXi‡n-I-fnem-Wv. At\-I-iXw temI-߃ Bflm-hn¬ A\m-hn-jvIr-X-ambn InS°p-∂p. Cu A\m-hn-jvIrXtemI-ß-fn¬ H∂n-s\-sb-¶nepw Is≠Øm\pw Bhn-jvI-cn-°m\pw Ign-bp-tºmƒ am{Xta hy‡n-kzXz{]Imi\w \S-°p-I-bp-≈q. Aßs\ Bhn-jvI-cn-°-s∏´ \ho-\-amb kuµcy-Xo-c-ß-fn-eqsS Xo¿∞bm{X \S-Øp∂ klr-Z-bcpw AtXmsS \htem-I-ß-fn-te-°v B\o-X-cm-Ip-∂p.-C-Jv_m¬ Ihn-X-Isf Bg-Øn]Tn® s{]m^. A∂m-tacn jnΩ¬ ]d-bp-∂p. ""k¿∆mivtf-jn-bmb kzXzw kzbw {]Im-i\w \¬Ip-∂-tXm-sSm∏w At\Iw hy‡nkz-Xz߃°v P∑w \¬Ip-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. kzXzw Dd-ßp-tºmƒ cm{Xn D≠mhp-∂p. AXns‚ DW¿∆n¬ \n∂mWv ]I¬ Db¿∂p -h-cp-∂-Xv. D]-an°m-\m-hmØ hy‡n-sb-bmWv CJv_m¬ AXnam\p-j-\mbn Ah-X-cn∏n-°p-∂-Xv.

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H.-B_p

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H.-B_p

Bfl{]`m-hsØ atlm’hw t]mse Ihn-X-bn-eqsS sIm≠m-Snb Ihn-bmWv CJv_m¬. Hmtcm ]c-am-Wp-hnepw Bflm-hns‚ taZpc{]`mh-ap-≠v. Nne kµ¿`-߃ Xmsg tN¿°p∂p. \o- D-W¿∂v ]m{X-Øna[p \nd-bv°pI, AXv Nn¥sb IqSp-X¬ im¥hpw aln-X-hp-am-°p-∂p.

Hcp ]p¬Øp-ºn\v ]¿∆-X-Øns‚ CuSv \¬Ip-∂p. a¨s]m-Snsb Xmc]-Y-Øn-te°v Db¿Øp-∂p. Hcp Pe-_n-µp-hn\v kap{Z hnkvXrXn \¬Ip∂p. Bflmhv PohnXkv^penw-K-am-hp-∂p. -k-Ø-bpsS Ie-i-Øn¬ \n∂v Acp-Wamb a[p-hns\ Bthmfw \pI-cp-I. Fcn-sh-bn-en¬ Zmln-®mepw Inkvdn-t\mSp -t]mepw bmNn-°-cp-Xv. \o¿°p-an-f-t]mse \oc-[n-bpsS \Sphn- e m- b n- c p- ∂ mepw \o ]m{XsØ Ia- g v Ø n- ∏ n- S n- ° p- I . \o \ns‚ \qX\temIsØ krjvSn-°p-I. A·n-Pzm-e-Iƒ sIm≠v \ns∂ \o ]pX°p-I. C{_m-ln-an-s\-t∏mse A·n-\m-f-ß-fn¬ \n∂v ]\n-\o¿∏q-°sf tiJ-cn-°p-I.' ssZhw- a-\p-jy-t\mSv ]d-bp∂ h¿Ø-am-\-߃ CJv_mBhn-jvI-cn-°p-∂Xv Cß-s\-bm-Wv. ""\o Pohn-®n-cn-°p-∂pt≠m? F¶nD’p-I-\m-bn-cn-°p-I. Fs∂-t∏mse AJne{]]-©-sØbpw AS°n `cn°p-∂-h-\m-bn-cn-°p-I. \ns‚ Pohn-X-Øns‚ kz¥w Bg-Øn¬ \n∂pw Hcp ]pXnb temIsØ cq]-h¬°-cn-°p-I.A\y-cp-≠m-°p-∂- tem-IØv Xma-kn-°pI F∂Xv kzX-{¥-\mb a\pjy\v lnX-I-c-a-√. kr„-n°phm-\p≈ i‡n-bn-√m-Ø-h≥ Fs‚ Zr„n-bn¬ \mkvXn-I\pw Ahn-izmkn-bp-am-Ip-∂p. Fs‚ kuµcykº-Øn¬ \n∂v Ah≥ H∂pw kºm-Zn®n-´n√. Ah≥ Poh-hr-£Ønse ^e-߃ `£n-®n-´n-√. ssZh-Øns‚ a\pjym \o sh´n-Øn-f-ßp∂ JUvKsØ-t∏mse \nin-X-\m-bn-cn-°p-I. {]`m-I-c-\m-bn-cn-°p-I.'' Hcp hy‡n-bn¬ Dd-ßn-°n-S-°p∂ i‡n-Isf hf¿Øn-sb-Sp-°m\pw {]tNm-Zn-∏n-°p-∂p. kz¥w kwkvIrXo XS-ß-fn¬ \nd-™p-\n¬°p∂ kuµcykº-Øp-Isf Is≠-Øp-hm\pw CJv_m¬ apkvenw kap-ZmbsØ t{]cn-∏n-°p-∂p. AXns‚ Bhn-jvImcw AXy-[nIw lrZblmcnX-tbm-sS-bmWv. ""a‰p-≈-h-cpsS Km\-Øn¬ ZØ{i≤-\m-hp-tºmƒ \o kzbw apc-fn-bm-sW∂ XXzw ad-°p-∂p. A\ys‚ Itºm-f-tØ-°mƒ anI® t`mP\km[-\-߃ \ns‚ Ie-h-d-bn¬ kar-≤-ambp-≠v.'' kz¥w Ign-hp-Isf Is≠-Øp-∂-h-\m-hm≥ th≠n {]tNm-Z-\-a-cp-fp∂ CJv_m¬ \nc-¥-c-ambn I¿Ωw sNøpI F∂ Blzm\w Ihn-X-I-fneqsS \¬Ip-∂p. ""tl I¿jIm, \ns‚ bYm¿∞\ne {Kln-°p-I. hnØpw hnfbpw hbepw agbpw \o Xs∂. sImSp-¶m-‰-Sn-°p-tºmƒ \o ]cn-{`-an°-cp-Xv. h©n-°m-c\pw h©nbpw \Zo-Xo-chpw \o Xs∂. A¬]w sam´pI-fm¬ -kw-Xr]vXnbS-bp∂ \o hnUvVn Xs∂. \ns‚ aSn-Ø´v \nd-bpthmfw hmcn-sb-Sp-°p-hm≥ am{Xw ]q°ƒ \ns‚ DZym-\-Øn-ep-≠v. \o Hcp Xp≈n am{X-am-sW-¶n-epw -A-]m-c-amb kap-{Z-Øns‚ Ignhv \n\-°p-

≠v . \n\°v hnth- I - a p- s ≠- ¶ n¬ hmfpw ]cn- N bpw IqSmsX Xs∂ k]vXJfi-ßsf A[o-\-am-°m-\p≈ i‡n \n∂n¬ eo\-ambn InS°p-∂p. PohnXmtbm[-\-Øn¬ Dcp-°p-t]m-ep≈ lrZ-bsØ kr„n-°ptºmƒ Xs∂ B lrZbw t{]a-Øns‚ ]´p-sa-Ø-bm-bn-cn-°-s´.

Pohn-X-sØ-°p-dn®p≈ AKm[Nn¥-I-fpsS cXv\tiJ-c-am-Ip∂p CJv_m-ens‚ "Pohn-X-c-l-ky-'sa∂ IrXn. Hcp ip¢]£cm{Xn. ]q¿ÆN-{µ≥ aW-en¬ ]qhncn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. {]im¥kpµ-c-amb cm{Xn. XWpØ Im‰v hoip-∂p. kap{Zw Hcp Nn{X-Øn¬ hc-®p-sh-®Xp t]mse im¥w. ape-°p™v s]‰-Ω-bpsS amdn-se∂ t]mse Hmf-߃ kap-{Z-Øn¬ hn{ian-°p-∂p. a\w Ipfn¿∏n-°p∂ B ka-bØv Ihn Xs‚ `mh-\-bnJnkvdns\ ImWp-∂p. Jnkvdv Hcp {]hm-N-I-\m-sW∂pw ]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. ]s£ At±lw Pohn-®n-cn-∏p-s≠-∂mWv hnizm-kw. Jnkvdns\ I≠ Ihn At±-l-tØmSv kmap-Zm-bnI cm{„ob kw_-‘n-bmb Nne kPoh{]iv\߃°v DØcw tXSp-∂p. Adn-hns‚ kap-{Z-amb Jnkv¿ Ah-bvs°√mw DØcw \¬Ip-∂p. CXmWv Ihn-X-bpsS XpS-°-Øn¬ hmb-\-°m-c≥ ImWp-∂-Xv. CJv-_m-ens‚ ]Xnhp coXn-bn¬ Xs∂ Bi-b-߃ XØzNn-¥-Iƒ Ch-sb√mw Imhym-fl-I-ambn Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂p.

Jnkv¿ ]d-™p-Xp-S-ßp-∂Xv Cßn-s\-bm-Wv: ""ssZhnIcl-kysØ Bcm-™-e-bp∂ a\pjym \ns‚ A¥¿ t\{X߃°v {]Im-i-ap-s≠¶n¬ \n\°v Cu temI-Øns‚ XJvZo¿ (\oXn) I≠-dn-bm≥ km[n°pw. Ihn-bpsS tNmZy-߃°p≈ Jnkvdns‚ adp-]-Sn-bn-emWv h¿Ø-am\-Im-eØv a\p-jy-cm-in, {]tXy-In®v apkvenwkaqlw t\cn-Sp∂ {]iv\߃°p≈ ]cn-lmcw \n¿t±-in-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. F¥n\p aW-em-c-Wy-ØnF∂p-sa∂pw Ign-bp∂psh∂ tNmZy-Øn\p≈ Jnkvdns‚ adp-]Sn \nc¥-c-amb ]cn-{iaw Pohn-X-Øns‚ \nZ¿i-\-am-Ip-∂p-sh-∂m-Wv. {]Xo-£tbbpw kt¥m-jt- Ø-bpw s]men-∏n-s®-Sp-°p∂ adp-]S- n-If - mWv Jn-kvdns‚ `mK-Øp-\n-∂p-≠m-hp-I. Cu knI-Xm-cWy-Øn¬ e£y-an-√msX am≥t]S-Iƒ NmSn-®mSn ]pf-°p∂ at\m-l-c-amb ImgvN \o I≠nt√? BImiØp \n∂v "Pn_vco¬' F∂ t]mse ]pe-cn-bpsS ]p©n-cn-°p-≈n\n∂v `m\p-ams‚ `mkp-cI - n-cW - ß - ƒ s]m´n-∏p-ds - ∏-Sp-∂Xv \o ImWp-∂nt√? kqcy≥ AkvX-a\Kncn-sb {]m]n-®-t∏mƒ Jeoens‚ ({]hm-N-I-\mb C{_m-ln-an-s‚) "kXym'-t\z-jWhy{K--ß-fmb \b-\-߃°v ss\cmiyhpw kq£v a - X bpw hf¿Ønb acp`qan- b nse kmbm- ” - Ø ns‚ \n»–kpµ-c-amb Ah-ÿ \o Z¿in-®n-´n-t√. "k¬k_o-en\p Np‰pw kz¿§hmkn-I-sf∂t]mse acp-`q-an-bn-se -bm{X°m¿ Ahn-S-ß-fnse Acphn-Iƒ°v Np‰pw ]‰n-°q-Sp∂ IuXp-I-I-c-amb ImgvNbpw \o I≠n-´n-√. hnP-\-ÿ-eØv \n∂v \o t{]asØ tXSp-I. Id-°-Øns‚ B[n-Iyas{X PohnXIpw`sØ _e-hØm--°n-Øo¿°p∂Xv. ]c-a-amb PohnXclkyhpw AXp-X-s∂.

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C∂p \msf F∂ am\-Zfiw sIm≠v \o Pohn-XsØ Af-°-cp-Xv. Pohn-Xw A\-iz-chpw Ne-\-\n-c-Xhpw \nXy-bu-h\bp‡-hp-am-Ip-∂p. ]¿∆Xw sh´n-\o°n \Zn-sbm-gp°nb ^¿lm-Zns‚ lrZb-tØmSv PohnX-Øns‚ cl-ky-sa-s¥∂v At\z-jn-°p-I. At∏m-f-dnbmw £oc-\-Zn, sh´p-hmƒ,- ]m-d-s°´v F∂n-h-bmWv PohnXw F∂.v ASnaPohnXw˛AXv h‰n-°m≥ sI´n \ndpØnb \Zn°v Xpey-amWv. kzX{¥PohnXw ]mcmhmcw t]mse hnime kpµ-c-a-s{X. Hcp ]nSn aÆpsIm≠v kr„n-°-s∏´ a\p-jys‚ BIm-c-Øn-\p-≈n¬ PohnXw Kp]vX-ambn InS-°p-∂p. AXns‚ i‡n{]`mhw {]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-∂Xv AXv I¿Ω-\n-c-X-am-Ip-tºm-g-s{X. PohnXw AXv I¿Ω-ß-fm¬ ]mIX hcp-Øm-Xn-cp-∂m¬ shdp-samcp a¨I-´-t]mse InS-°pw. \nc-¥c I¿Ω-߃sIm≠v ]mIX hcp-tºmƒ AsXmcp sh´n-Øn-fß - p∂ hmfmbn amdpw. `wKp-cß - f - mb BIm-it- Øbpw `qan-tbbpw \ns‚ I¿am-Kv\n-bn¬ Zln-∏n-°p-I. B Nmº-en¬ \n∂v \o \ns‚ I¿Ω-tem-IsØ kzbw sI´n-∏-Sp-°p-I. \ns‚ ]cn-{iaw sIm≠v \o _Z-Jvim-\nse hne-tb-dnb apØp-Isf \n¿Ωn-°p-I. Ah ]uc-kvXytem-I-Øn¬ A¿°-Xpeyw {]Im-in-°s´'' Jnkvdns‚ adp-]-Sn-bn¬ `cW-IqSw, sXmgnepw thX-\hpw, Ckvem-anItemIw XpS-ßnb ]e hnjb-ßfpw kv]¿in-°-s∏-Sp-∂p-≠v. B[p-\nI temI-Ønse ]cn-jvIrXkaql-Øns‚ Pme-hn-Zy-bmbmWv `c-W-Iq-SsØ Ihn ImWp-∂-Xv. ]m›mXy-cpsS {]Pm-bØw ssIk¿ `c-W-Iq-S-Øns‚ hnØv s]mSn-®p-≠mb bmYm-ÿn-Xn-I-Xz-a-√mØ as‰m-∂p-a-√. apX-em-fn-Iƒ sXmgn-em-fn-IfpsS tNmc ]ngn-s™-Sp-°p-∂-Xns‚ coXn-Iƒ sXmgnepw thX-\hpw' F∂ `mKØv ImWmw. sXmgn-en-s‚ {]Xn-^ew [\n-I¿ Zcn-{Z¿°v k°mØv sImSp-°p-∂Xp t]msebmbn-Øo¿∂n-cn-°p-∂-Xn-ep≈ tcmjw Ihn-X-bnep-≠v. apX-em-fn-am-cpsS h©-\-Iƒ Ihn FSpØp Im´p-∂p. F∂n´v DW-cm\pw {]h¿Øn-°m-\p-ap≈ Blzm\w \¬Ip-∂p. Ckvem-anI temIsØ-°p-dn-®p≈ Imhy-`m-KØv apk¬ams‚ c‡w ]®-sh-≈-tØ-°mƒ XWpØp t]mb-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v ZpxJn-°p-∂p. kz¥w kwkvIr-Xn-tbbpw kzXz-sØ-bp-w ad∂v CX-c-kw-kvIr-Xn-Isf hmcn-∏p-W-cp-∂-Xnep≈ D¬°WvT tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. Xp¿°n-I-fp-sSbpw Ad-_n-I-fp-sSbpw ]q¿∆N-cn{Xw Hm¿Ωn-∏n-°p-∂p. kz¿ÆsØ X´m-∑m-sc∂ t]mse ]›m-XycpsS X{¥w kap-Zm-bsØ \pdp°n hnIr-X-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xns\ Nq≠n-°m´p-∂p. kz¥w lrZbcl-ky-sØ-Ipdn®p t]mepw Xncn-®-dn-hn-√mØ hn[Øn¬ Pohn-°p∂ kap-Zm-bmw-K-ß-tfmSv IÆp-Iƒ Xpd-°m\pw Bh-iy߃ hos≠-Sp-°m\pw Blzm\w sNøp-∂p. Ckvem-anI \oXn ]p\xÿm-]n-X-am-hm≥ {]mNo-\-cpsS at\m-ss[cyhpw Bfl-hnizm-khpw kam¿÷n-°-Ww. Ipe-a-lna aXsØ AXnPohn-°m≥ CS-bm-I-cp-Xv. Aßs\ kw`-hn-®-Xn-\m-emWv apkvenw kaqlw hgn-at[y D≈ [qa-]-

Sew t]mse Nn∂n-®n-Xdn hiwsI´p t]mb-Xv. apk¬ams‚ lrZ-b-ØnPohn-Xmi Xfn¿°-Ww. Ahs‚ Pohn-X-Øns‚ ]c-a-amb BZ¿iw ssZhØns‚ {]oXn kam¿÷n-°-em-h-Ww. CJv_m-ens‚ ImhykØ F¥m-sW∂pw AXv Bhn-jvI-cn-°m≥ At±lw D]-tbm-Kn® `mj-bpsS Imhym-fl-IX F¥m-sW∂pw Xncn-®-dn™m¬ am{Xta icn-bmb hnh¿Ø\w km[y-am-Iq. ]Zm-\p-]Zhnh¿Ø\hpw hmIym-\p-hmIyhnh¿Ø-\hpw \S-Øp-tºmƒ ]e-t∏mgpw AXns‚ Imhym-fl-IX tNm¿∂p-t]m-hm-dp-≠v. "hnh¿Ø\w sNø-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ \„s∏-Sp-∂-sXt¥m AXmWv IhnX' Fs∂mcp sNm√v Xs∂ D≠m-bn-´p≠v. ipjvI-amb hnh¿Ø\w aqe-I-hn-tbmSv sNøp∂ henb A]-cm-[am-bn-cn-°pw. hnh¿Ø-\w ]p\x-krjvv-Sn-bm-hWw F∂ XXzhpw D≠m-bn´p- ≠ v . Cu ho£- W - ß - s f√mw Dƒs°m- ≠ n´v hnh¿Ø\w sNøm≥ hnh¿Ø-I¿ aqe-{K-Ÿ-Im-cs\t∏mse {]Xn-`-bp≈ Bfm-bn-cn-°-Ww. B_p-hns‚ hnh¿Ø\w Ihn-X-bpsS ]p\x-kr-„n-bm-Ip-∂ A]q¿∆w kµ¿`-߃ Pohn-X-c-l-ky-Øn-ep-≠v. Hcp DZm-l-cWw ImWpI. ""tkz—m{]-`p-Xz-am-Ip∂ cm£kn {]Pm-b-Ø-am-Ip∂ ]´m-S-b-Wn™v \rØw sh°p-I-bm-Wv. I„w! \o AXns\ kzmX-{¥y-Øns‚ apKv[kzcq-]-amsW∂v hymtam-ln-°p-∂p.'' C¥y-bnse h¿Ø-am\ Ime-Øns‚ bYmX-Y-amb Nn{Xw t]mepw \¬Ip∂ CJv_m-ens‚ Cu hcn-Iƒ IhnbpsS a\ v kºq¿Æ- a mbn Dƒs°m- ≠ n- ´ mWv B_p hnh¿Ø\w sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. AXn-\m¬Øs∂ B_p-hns‚ Cu hnh¿Ø\w Hcp hnPbw Xs∂. ***** ***** *****

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H.-B_p

temI-{]-kn-≤-\mb alm-Ihn tUmŒ¿ apl-ΩZv CJv_m-ens‚ AKm[-amb Bi-b-ß-fp≈ Ihn-X-Isf am∏n-f-∏m-´ns‚ Ci-ep-I-fn-te°v ]cmh¿Ø\w sNøpI F∂ AXy-[nIw IuXp-I-I-c-amb Hcp ]p\x-kr„n {]bXv\w H.-B_p \S-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. CJv_m-ens‚ "ssZh-Øns‚ a\pjy≥'-F∂ Imhy-Øns‚ adp-]n-d-hn-bm-Wn-hnsS \S-∂n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ISCcºp-∂Xv t]mse Kw`o-c-amb Ihn-X-Iƒ CJv_m¬ Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≠t√m. AXns\ ae-bm-fo-I-cn-°pI am{X-a√ am∏n-f-∏m´v IqSn-bm-°pI F∂ AXy¥w t¢i- I - c - a mb {]hrØn B_p \S- Ø n- b n- ´ p- ≠ v . Cßs\ sNøm≥ AXy-[n-I-amb Ih\ti-jnbpw {]Xn-`m-ti-jnbpw Bh-iy-ap≠v. B_p am∏n-f-∏m´phXvI-cn® CJv_m-ens‚ Nne hcn-Iƒ hmbn-°pI. ssZhw a\p-jy-t\mSv ]d-bp-∂-Xmbn CJv_m¬ Fgp-Xnb Hcp Imhy`m-KamWnXv. ""\o Pohn-®n-cn-°p-∂pt≠m? F¶n¬ D’p-I-\m-bn-cn-°p-I. kr„n- ° p- ∂ - h - \ m- b n- c n- ° pI. Fs∂- t ∏mse AJne{]]- © - s Øbpw AS°n `cn-°p∂h-\m-bn-cn-°p-I.-\n-\°v hne-bn-√mØ F¥n-t\bpw ASn®-p XI¿Øp-I-f-bp-I. \ns‚ kz¥w Pohn-X-Øns‚ Bg-Øn¬ \n∂v \o Hcp ]pXnb temIsØ cq]- h ¬°- c n- ° p- I . A\y- c p- ≠ m- ° p∂ temIØv Xma-kn-°pI F∂Xv kzX-{¥-\mb Hcp a\p-jy\v tbmPn-®-X√. kr„n-°p-hm-\p≈ i‡n-bn-√m-Ø-h≥ Fs‚ Zr„n-bn¬ \mkvXn-I\pw Ahn-izm-kn-bp-am-Ip-∂p. (h°w A–p¬ JmZ-dns‚ hnh¿Ø-\-am-WnXv)

kzXzsØ AYhm D◊sb ]Sp-Øp-b¿Øm≥ hmb-\-°m¿°v {]tNmZ\w \¬Ip∂, IS¬ Cc-ºp-∂Xp t]mep≈ Cu hcn-Isf B_p "am\nZs°mXn J¬_n¬' F∂ Ci-en¬ am∏n-f-∏m-´mbn Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p∂Xv Cß-s\. ""J√m-Jn≥ ]S-∏mIpw a\pjym \o DW¿∂nt√ s]m√m∏pw ]pX®p \o acn®p t]mtbm?''

KZy-Øn-ep≈ CJv_m-ens‚ hcn-I-fpsS Bhn-jvImc{]uVX B_phns‚ hcn-I-fn¬ \qdv iX-am\w ImWm-\m-hp-∂n-√. CXns‚ ImcWw Bhn-jvIm-c-{]-Im-c-Øns‚ hyXy-kvXXbmWv F∂v ]d-bmw. IcpØv t\Sn, a\- º∂X B¿÷n®v , DW¿∂v \n∂v ]pXnb temIsØ krjvSn-°m-\p≈ CJv_mens‚ Imhym-fl-I-amb Blzm\w Hcp ]cn-[nhsc am∏n-f-∏m-´n¬ tNm¿∂p-t]m-bn-cn-°p-∂p. "DW-cp-I'˛ "DW¿∂n-t√' F∂m-Ip-tºmƒ A¿∞Zm¿Vyw Ipd-bp-∂p. Hcphnj-bsØ Zp¿_-ehpw i‡-hp-ambn Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xns‚ DZm-l-cWw ae-bmf Ihn-X-bn-semcn-SØp≠v. Nß-ºp-g-bpsS hmg-°p-e-bpsS Bhn-jvIm-chpw CS-t»cn tKmhn-µ≥\m-b-cpsS ]pØ≥I-ehpw Acn-hmfpw F∂ Ihn-X-bpsS BhnjvIm-chpw Xmc-Xayw sNøp-tºmƒ ta¬]-d™ Imcyw sXfn-™p-In´pw. tIma≥ Hcp hmg \´p. AXp hf¿∂v hep-Xmbn Ipe-®p. ]e-t∏mgpw ]´n-Wn-bn¬ Ign-tb-≠p∂ tImas‚ a°ƒ hmg -Ip-e-°p-∂Xpw ]gp-°p∂Xpw ImØv ImØv t\m°n t\m°n Ccn-∏m-bn-cp-∂p. ]g-°pe apX-emfn-bpsS Bƒ°m¿ sImØn-sb-SpØv sIm≠p-t]m-b-t∏mƒ tIma\pw a°fpw \t√mWw ZpxJn®p. Icp-tØmsS XS-bm\pw FXn¿°m\pw Ah¿°m-bn-√. Nß-ºpg B cwKw Cßs\ Bhn-jvI-cn-°p-∂p. ""CXns\ms° {]Xn-Imcw sNøm-X-S-ßp-tam, ]Xn-Xtc \n߃ X≥ ]n≥ap-d°m¿.'' apX-em-fn-Ø-Øns‚ A[¿ΩsØ FXn¿°m≥ {XmWn-bn-√m-ØXn-\m¬ hcp∂ Xe-ap-d-sb-¶nepw AXp sNøp-sa∂p kam-[m-\n-°p-IbmWv tIma≥ As√-¶n¬ Ihn. AtX ka-bØv CØcw kµ¿`-ßfn¬ F¥mWv sNtø-≠-sX∂v CS-t»cn ZrV-ambn Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂p-≠v. ""A[n-Imcw sImø-W-amZyw \mw, AXn\p taem-hs´ s]m∂m-cy≥.'' Nߺp-gbpw CS-t»-cnbpw GXm-s≠mtc ImeØv Pohn-®-h-cm-sW∂ Imcyhpw Hm¿Ωn-°-Ww. Im¬]-\nI Ihn-X-bnse Bhn-jvImcXew Zp¿_-ehpw bYm-X-Ym-hn-jvImccoXn-bn¬ i‡-hpam-hp∂p F∂v \ymbo-I-cn®p ]dbp-I-bp-am-hmw. C°mcyw Nß-ºp-g-bp-sStbm B_p-hn-s‚tbm XI-cm-ds√∂pw IhnX cNn-°m≥ Ah¿ kzoI-cn® aoUnb-bpsS hyXy-kvXXbm-sW∂pw ]d-bmw. ""Be-Øn-∂p-S-a-X∂Sn-a-tbm-Sp-c-Ønt√ tNsemØ ]pXp-temIw ]S-®o-Sp-hm≥''

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H.-B_p

F∂ hnh¿Ø-\-`mKw anI-®-Xm-bn-Øo¿∂n-´p-≠v. Npcp-°n-∏-d-b-ens‚ HXp-°hpw Cu am∏n-f-∏m´ph¬°-c-W-Øn¬ ImWm-\p-≠v. ""Dt≠m \n≥ XSn-bn¬ dqlpW¿∂-Xn≥ Phm-t_mXv Ds≠-¶n-eXnt\mSo Ddp-Xn-tbmXv'' ""th≠mØ kI-eXpw lem°m°o-´-Xn¬ \n∂v ho≠pw ]pXp-temIw ]S-°p-sIm∂v'' ""ssZh-Øn≥ a\pjym \o ]S-°m\pw hn[n-°m\pw ssZh-Øm-e-cp-fs∏´b-t®m-\t√'' CØcw ]m´p-`m-K-߃ HuNnXy]q¿Æ-am-Wv. CXp-t]mse "Nen-bv°p-I, Nen-bv°p-I, \nc-¥cw Nen-bv°pI. Ne\-am-Wv Pohn-XsØ hm¿sØ-Sp-°p-∂Xv' F∂ CJv_m-ens‚ hcn-Iƒ B_p Xo¿Øpw kzX-{¥-ambn H∏w Bi-bsØ Dƒs°m≠p sIm≠v am∏n-f-∏m-´m-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. kzoI-cn® Ci¬ XS-In-a-W-sØ F∂-Xm-Wv. ck-cm-P-\mb irwKm-csØ Im¬]-\nI `mj-bn¬ Bhn-jvI-cn-°m\p≈ B_p-hns‚ Ignhv amc≥ hcpw Zn\w hcpt∂ F∂ ]m´n¬ ImWm\p-≠v. "amc-c-∂_n' -F∂ Ci-en¬ AØ-c-samcp kµ¿`-ap-≠v. ""ap√-\´v \o \\®v h√n-bm-bn˛ ]nt∂ h√n s]‰v ap√-sam´v `wKn-bmbn sam´-W™ \mfp-t]mbn °me-ambv At∏mƒ s°´p s]m´n-∏p-©n-cn-®Xv ]qhp-ambn'' h√n sam´mbn sI´p-s]m´n ]p©n-cn-°p-∂-XmWv ]qhv F∂ I¬]-\bn¬ Im¬]-\nI `mj-bpsS `wKnbpw Imhym-fl-I-X-bp-ap-≠v. A≤zm-\nbpsS aln-asb ]pXp-am-c≥ F∂ Ihn-X-bn¬ ]pI-gvØp-∂p. am∏n-f-∏m-´n-s\-°p-dn®v Xs∂ B_p Hcp ]ms´-gp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v. am∏n-f∏m´v B¿°pw Ft∏mgpw Ib-dn-s®-√m-\p≈ hgn-b-º-e-as√∂pw, AXn∂v AXn- t ‚- X mb Xt‚- S hpw `mj- b p- a p- s ≠∂pw amc- c - ∂ - _ n, - N m- b epw apdp°hpw F∂o C-i¬ tN¿∏n-eqsS At±lw hniZ-am-°n-bn-´p-≠v.

CXn¬ Pohn-X-Øns‚ \n m-cX Hcp XØz-Nn-¥-bpsS a´n¬ Ah-X-cn∏n- ® n- c n°p∂p. C∂sØ a´n¬ ]d™m¬ am∏n- f - ∏ m´nse "Ci^yqj≥' BWn-sX∂p ]d-bmw. "_ohnbpw ]qhpw' F∂ ]m´nepw ]q¥m\-Øns‚ "⁄m∏m\'bnse-∂-t]mse Kl-\-ß-fmb XØz-Nn-¥-Isf efn36

t\Xr-kvar-Xn-k© - nI

H.-B_p

X-ambn Bhn-jvIcn®n-´p-≠v. ""Gg-sb∂pw a∂s\-∂pw Xmsgsb∂pw aosX-sb-∂pw.

Dugn-bn¬ -t`-Z-߃ Nn∂pw ]qgn-bn¬ tNcpw \c\pw.'' "^nXv¿ k°m-Xn'\v ]pd-s∏-Sp∂ ktlm-Z-cn-I-fpsS \nebpw s]cp∂m- f n¬ ZpxJn- ® n- c p∂ _mes\ \_n hmcn- s b- S pØv Npa- e n- t e‰n Xmtemen®m-\-µn-∏n® kµ¿`hpw ]m´n\v hnj-b-am-°nb B_p {]Xo£sb s]men-∏n-°m\pw {ian-°p-∂p≠v. acn-°m≥ ]nd∂ a\p-jy-t\mSv, \_n-bpsS lnPvd, bm{Xbnse kw`-hw (-]p-tcm-K-Xn), dwkm≥ amk-hpw s]cp-∂mfpw˛ Cßs\ ]e-]e hnj-b-ß-fmbn B_p kzoI-cn-®n´p≠v. *****

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H.-B_p

K men-bpsS "Clvbm Deqap-±o≥' temI-{]-kn≤XØz-Nn-¥-I\pw ⁄m\nbpw Ipim{K_p≤n-bpw hiyh-N- p-amb Camw K m-en-bpsS "Clvbm Deqap-±o≥' B_p ae-bm-fØn-em°nbn-´p-≠v. AXns‚ \memw `mKw am{Xta e`y-am-bn-´p≈q.

Ckvemans\ kw_-‘n®v a\p-jy-hn-c-Nn-X-amb hntizm-Øc{KŸw F∂ hnti-j-W-ap≈ ]pkvX-I-amWv "Clvbm Deq-ap-±o≥'. B H‰ IrXn sh®psIm≠p Xs∂ Deq-ap-±os‚ Bghpw AXns‚ hnh¿Ø\ kuµcyhpw \ap°p a\- nem-°m-\m-hpw. B alZv{KŸ-Øns‚ kmcmw-i-amWv B_p \¬Ip- ∂ - X v.

K m- e n- b psS Cu ]pkvX- I sØ hnh¿Ø\Øns∂Sp°pI F∂Xv kml-k{]hrØn-bmWv. AXns\ Dƒs°m-≈m≥ Bg-ta-dnb Adnhpw _p≤n-i-‡nbpw Ah-X-cn-∏n-°m≥ `mjm- ] m- S hhpw Bh- i y- a m- W v . Cam- a ns‚ hnt⁄bßfmb {KŸßfpambn NncImew _‘w ]pe¿Ønb kønZv \hm_v Aen B ⁄m\kmK-c-Øn¬ \n∂pw tiJ-cn® apØpaWn-Isf CW°n-t°m¿Øv Cw•o-jn¬ ]pkvX-I-ambn {]kn-≤o-I-cn-®n-´p-≠v. Ad_n Adn-bm-Ø-hcpw Cw•ojv Adn-bm-Ø-h-cp-amb Bfp-Iƒ°v K m-en-bpsS {]uVhn⁄m\-Øns‚ Zo]vXnhnti-jsØ ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-Sp-°pI F∂ Dt±iyamWv Cu hnh¿Ø-\-Øn∂p t{]c-I-sa∂v B_p Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v. a\p-jys‚ {]Ir-Xn, am\p-jn-tI—bpw Npa-X-e-bpw, t]\-bpsS cq]II-Y, Al-¶m-chpw s]mß-®-hpw, Nßm-Xn-Øhpw Bflm¿∞-Xbpw, t{]aØns‚ kz`m-hw, a\p-jys‚ ]c-a-amb B\-µw, A√m-lp-hns‚ GI-X, A√m-lp-thm-Sp≈ kvt\lhpw AXns‚ Nn”-ßfpw, kk-t¥mjw 38

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H.-B_p

Ahs‚ lnX-Øn\v hg-߬˛ CXmWv K men Camw \memw `mKØv Ah-X-cn-∏n-®n-´p≈ hnj-b-߃. Xe-s°-´p-Iƒ Xs∂ Iem-]-c-am-Wv. K m-en-bpsS Adn-hns‚bpw `mj-bp-sSbpw H∏w t]mhpI \t∂ {]bmk-I-c-am-Wv. A{X I≠v Bg-ap-≈Xpw `mjm-k-hn-ti-j-X-I-fp-≈-Xp-amWv B IrXn- I ƒ. ]pkv X - I - Ø ns‚ A\p- _ - ‘ - a mbn Ggp D]- X y- I ƒ tN¿Øn-´p-≠v. (1) ⁄m\-Øns‚ ss]XrIw (2) ]›m-Øm-]-Øns‚ ss]XrIw (3) D]- t cm- [ - ß - f p- s S ss]XrIw (4) I„- ∏ m- S p- I - f p- s S ss]XrIw (5) C- S n- a p- g - ° - Ø n- s ‚ ss]XrIw (6) AKm- [ - X - b p- s S ss]XrIw. (7) kvt{Xm{X-Øn-s‚ ss]XrIw Cu D]-Xy-I-Iƒ "-an≥lmPp¬ B_nZo≥ F∂ {KŸ-Øn¬ \n∂pw FSpØp tN¿Ø-Xm-sW∂pw ]d-bp-∂p-≠v.

Pohn-XØns‚ AKm-[-XI-sfbpw B-¥cXØz-ß-sfbpw Hcp A\ym]-tZ-i-I-Y-bpsS -a-´n-emWv K men Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. a\pjyPohn-XØn-s‚ B¥c`mh-ßsf shfn-s∏-SpØm≥ K men kzoI-cn® IYm a´nep≈ ]d-®n-ens‚ coXn Xmsg tN¿°p∂p. t]\-bpsS cq]-II-Y-bm-WnXv. {]Im-i-Øn-te°v bm{X sNøp-I-bm-bn-cp∂ Hcp `‡≥ hc-I-tfmSp IqSnb Hcp IS-emkv IjvWw I≠p. \o F-¥n-\mWv \ns‚ kpµ-c-amb apJw Idp-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv F∂v B `‡≥ tNmZn-®p. Fs∂ A[n-t£]n-°p-∂Xv \∂-√. Xm≥ kzÿ-ambn Ccp-t∂-S-Øv \n∂p NmSn-bn-dßn _em¬°m-tcW Fs‚ apJw Idp-∏n-®sX¥n-\m-sW∂p t]\-tbmSv tNmZn°p-∂p. ajntbmSp tNmZn°q F∂v IS-emkv ]d-™p. ""\o ]d-™Xv icn-bm-sW''∂v ]d™p sIm≠v B `‡≥ ajn-bpsS t\sc Xncn™p \n∂p Imcyw tNmZn-®p.

"Xm¶ƒ Ft∂mSp tNmZn-°p-∂-sX-¥n\v? Rm≥ ajnØ´n¬ -A-Sßnsbm-Xp-ßn-bn-cn-°p-Ibmbn-cp-∂p. F\n°p ]pdØp hcm≥ Dt±iy-ap≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. {Iqc-\mb Cu t]\ Fs‚ ta¬ NmSn hoWv Fs∂hen®n-g®v Cu IS-em-kn-t∑¬ X≈n-bn-´p. ChnsS \n -lm-b-\mbn Rm≥ InS-°p-∂Xv \o ImWp-∂p-≠t√m. \n߃ Atßm´p t]mbn B t]\tbmSv At\z-jn°q' F∂v ajn ]d-™p. `‡≥ t]\sb kao-]n-®p. t]\ ac-sØ-°p-dn®v ]d-™p. AXns\ sh´n-sh´n Xp≠w Xp≠am-°nb ssIøn-s\-°p-dn®v tNmZn-®t∏mƒ AXp ]d-bp-∂Xv....... Cßs\ A¿∞Nm-cp-X-bn-te°v \ofp∂ Nß-e-s°m-fpØv t]mep≈ Bi-b-߃. AXv C—-bn-te°v, Adn-hn-te-°v, bp‡n-bn-te°v \bn-°p-∂p. `‡≥ Adn-hnt\mSv ]d™p. "Rm≥ Fs‚ At\z-jWam¿§-Øn¬ Np‰n-°-d-ßp-I-bmWv. Imc-W-a-t\z-jn-®p-sIm≠v Rm≥ kao-]n-°p∂ Hmtcm-cp-Øcpw as‰mcmsf Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂p. F∂mepw Fs‚ At\z-j-WØn¬ Hcp B\µ-ap-≠v. ImcWw Hmtcm-cp-Øcpw \ymb-amsW∂v tXm∂n°p∂ Hmtcm ImcWw ]d-bp-∂p-≠v. ho≠pw tNmZy-ßfpw DØ-cß - f - pw. HSp-hn¬ FØp39

t\Xr-kvar-Xn-k© - nI

H.-B_p

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H.-B_p

∂Xv ssZh-Øn-emWv. ⁄m\-Øns‚ D]-tZiw tI´mWv ssZh-Øn-seØp-∂-Xv. ssZh-h-N\w Cß-s\-bm-bn-cp-∂p. GsXm-cmƒ \∑-bpsS am¿§Øn¬ Xo{h-bXv\w sNøp∂pthm \∑bn-te-°p≈ am¿§w \n›-b-ambpw \mw Ah¿°p ImWn-®p-sIm-Sp°pw. HSp-hn-esØ {]m¿∞-\-bn¬ `‡≥ ]d-bp∂Xv Cßs\: dt∫, AßbpsS \maw [\y-am-Ip-∂p. taen¬ Rm≥ \iz-c-am-b-Xns\, a¿Øy-am-b-Xns\ `-b-s∏-Sp-I-bn-√. Rm≥ Fs‚ apgph≥ Gev]-\bpw A-ß-bn¬ A¿∏n--°p-∂p. Aß-bpsS s]mcp-Ø-ØnemWv Fs‚ k-am[m\w. Aßb-psS Imcp-Wy-amWv Fs‚ A`-bw.' `‡≥, IS-emkv, ajn, t]\, acw, ssI Cßs\ Hmtcm∂pw a\p-jy\v ssZh-km-∂n-[y-Øn-seØm≥ ZrjvSm-¥o-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p. *****

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Jp¿B≥ ]T-\-Øn-s\m-cm-ap-Jw

Gev]\ = G‰n-cn∏v, G¬°¬ Fs∂m-s°-bm-Wv. 40

JzmPm Iam-ep-±os‚ "Jp¿B≥ ]T-\-Øn\v Hcp apJ-hpc' (C≥s{SmUIv j ≥ ‰p Zn ÃUn Hm^v tlmfn Jp¿- B ≥) 1967˛emWv B_p hnh¿Ø\w sNbvX-Xv. hntij-s∏-´-sX∂v tXm∂n-∏n-°p∂ Nne- X-es°-´p-I-fn-eqsS Jp¿-B≥ ]T-\sØ hy‡-am-°m-\mWv aqe-{K-Ÿ-Im-cs‚ {iaw. A[ym-b-߃°v \¬In-bn-´p≈ t]cp-Iƒ AXns‚ kqN-I-am-Wv. "hlvbv Hcp apJym-hiyw', "Jp¿-Bs‚ B`n-ap-Jy-Øn¬ ]cn-jvImcw', "thZ- I me ]cn- j v I mcw', "Jp¿B≥ Hcm- h iyw', "A√m- l p- h ns‚ AkvXnXzw', "Jp¿Bs‚ Aam\p-jnI [¿Ω߃', "Jp¿B≥ A√m-lphn¬ \n∂p≈ Hcp {KŸw', "Jp¿-B≥ Hcp A¤pXw', "`mjm-k-c-Wn-', "Jp¿B\nse {]h-N-\-߃', "PK-Zv{KŸw' XpS-ßnb Xe-s°-´p-Iƒ Jp¿B≥ ]Tn-°p-tºmƒ Fßs\ kao-]n-°Ww F∂Xns‚ kqN-\-Iƒ \¬Ip-∂p. AtX kabw "Jp¿Bs‚ B`n-ap-Jy-Øn¬ ]cn-jvImcw' F∂ Xe-s°´v Dt±in-°p∂ A¿∞-Øn-te°v hmb\-°m-cs\ FØn-°ptam F∂ kwi-b-ap-≠m-°p-∂p-≠v. Jp¿-B≥ ]fin-X-∑m¿ Jp¿-B-s\-°pdn®v Fgp-Xp-tºmƒ ]d-bmdp≈ Imcy-߃ am{Xta (]Xnhv ]cn-N-b-s∏Sp-Ø-ep-Iƒ) Cu ]pkvX-IØnep-≈q. Jp¿-Bs‚ X\n-a-bpw AXns‚ Bhn-jvImc{]Im-c-Øns‚ thdn´ coXn-bpw Cu {KŸ-Øn¬ ImWm-\mhn-√. Jp¿B-\n-eqsS Ah-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏-´n´p≈ A\\ykm[m-c-W-amb aqey߃, Jp¿B≥ ]T-\-Øn-eqsS e`yam-Ip∂ hnimelrZ-bXzw, Jp¿B-s‚ A¿∞NmcpX, Jp¿-B-\nI `mj-bpsS Znhykz`mhw, Jp¿B\nI 41

t\Xr-kvar-Xn-k© - nI

H.-B_p

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H.-B_p

]Z-ß-fnse XØz-⁄m\w, hlvbns‚ ]cn-k-am]vXn, tlXphpw aX-hnizmkßfpw F∂n-ß-s\-bp≈ 1960˛Ifnse ae-bmf CkvemanI kmlnXy-Øn¬ A{X I≠v IS∂ph∂n-´n-√mØ Nne kq£vaNn¥-Iƒ Cu ]pkvX-I-Øn-ep-≠v. A°m-cyw hmb-\-°m-cs\ t_m[y-s∏-SpØm-\p≈ DZm-l-c-W-ßfpw \¬Ip-∂p-≠v. 314 t]Pp-I-fp-≈ Cu ]pkvXIØn-henb Xe-s°-´pIƒ°p Iogn¬ sNdnb Xe-s°-´p-Ifpw \¬Inbn´p≠v. Nne kµ¿`߃ A[ym-]-I≥ Ip´n-Isf ]Tn-∏n-°m≥ Xømdm°p∂ Ipdn-∏p-Iƒ t]msebm-Wv. "-Jp¿B≥ Hcm-h-iyw', "-Jp¿-B≥ Hc-¤pXw' CØcw Hcp,-Hcp F∂n-ß-s\-bp-≈ A\p-Nn-X-amb Bh¿Ø-\-߃ Cu ]pkvX-I-Øn-ep-≠v. hmKvckw F∂ A¿∞-Øn¬ hm{Kkw I√pISn-bp≠m-°p-∂p. PKZv{KŸw F∂ {]tbmKw anI-hp-≈Xv Xs∂-bmWv Ckvemans‚ kuµ-cyw. apKƒN-{I-h¿Øn-am-cpsS Iogn¬ D∂-X-ÿm\w hln-®n-cp∂ aplΩZv k¿^dmkv lpssks‚ "Ckvem-ans‚ kuµcyw' F∂ ]pkvXIw B_p-hns‚ hnh¿Ø\-ß-fpsS Iq´-Øn¬ anI-th-dn-b-Xm-Wv. CkvemanI XØz-ß-sf-°p-dn®pw Bi-bm-Z¿i-ß-sf-°p-dn®pw ]m]-Øn\v ssZhw \¬Ip∂ in£-sb-°p-dn®pa√msX Hcp PohnX{]Xybimkv{Xw F∂ \ne-bn-ep-≈ Ckvemans‚ kuµ-cy-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ At\z-jWw aebmfkmln-Xy--Øn¬ CubSpØ Ime-ØmWv Bcw-`n-®-Xv. F√m aX-Øn\pw AXn-t‚-Xmb tbmKm-flI A¥- -Ø-bp-≠v. ssZh-hp-ambn kwebn®p≈ {_“-km£mXvImcØn-t‚-sX∂v ]d-bmhp∂ anÃnIv`mhw hmb-\-°m¿°v kp]-cn-Nn-X-am-Wv. "Alw {_“mkvan' F∂ `mc-Xob tbmKm-flINn¥bv°v kam-\-ambn "A\¬lJv' F∂ Ckvem-anI anÃnknk-ap-s≠∂v Nne ]fin-X-∑m¿ ]d-bp-∂p-≠v. `uXnI-Xtbbpw B[ym-fln-I-X-tbbpw CW-°n-s°m≠v t]mIp∂ co-Xn-bmWv Ckvem-anI anÃn-kn-k-sa∂v Cu hnj-bsØ imkv{Xo-b-ambn ]Tn-®n´p≈-h¿ Nq≠n-°m-´nbn-´p-≠v. CXmWv IqSp-X¬ icn. "lnd'bnse [ym\m¥y-Øn¬ ssZh-h-N-\-߃ {]hm-N-I\v e`y-am-bt-- ∏mƒ B hN\kp[ km¿∞-I-am-°m≥ kaqla[y-Øn-te-°mWv \_n IS∂p h∂-sX∂v {]tXyIw Hm¿t°-≠-Xm-Wv. F∂mepw ]e-Xcw kwkvIm-c-hp-ambn CSs]-tS-≠n-h-∂n-´p-≈Xp sIm≠mImw ]e-X-c-Øn-ep≈ BflobhnNm-c߃ Cu aX-Øn-\I - Øv \nc-¥c - a - mbn Ie¿∂n-cp∂p. C°mcy-߃°p≈ DZm-l-c-W-ß-fmWv "Xzco-J-Øp-Iƒ'. FÆ-a‰ "Xzco-J-Øp-Iƒ' ]te-Sßfn-embn Ckvem-anI kaq-l-Øn-\-IØv ]n¬°m-eØv cq]-s∏-Sp-I-bp≠m-bn. Aßs\ cq]-s∏´ Xzco-JØpIfmWv "NnivXnø', "\nkm-anø' XpS-ßn-bh. B_p kmln-_n¬ Hcp anÃnIv a\- p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v C®a-kvXms‚ hncp-Ø-ßfpsS hnh¿Ø-\hpw aplvbn±o≥ ssiJn-t\mSv B_p kmln-_n-\p≠m-bn-cp∂ kvt\lm-Xn-tc-Ihpw hy-‡-am-°p-∂p≠v.

k¿^-dmkv lpssks‚ teJ-\-ßfpw ]T-\-ßfpw A[n-I-ambn Fgp-Xs∏´Xv DdpZp `mj-bn-em-Wv. C∂pw C¥y-bn¬ Bgta-dnb Ckvem-anI ]T- \ - ß ƒ \S- ° p- ∂ Xv Ddp- Z p- h n- e m- W v . 1900˛¬ a[p- c - b n- ¬ \S∂ hnizaXktΩ-f-\-Ønepw 1905 ˛06 ¬ P∏m-\n¬ \S∂ AJn-etemIaXktΩ-f-\-Ønepw Ckvem--ans\ {]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn®p {]kw-Kn-®Xv k¿^dm-kv lpssk-\m-Wv. Ckvem-anse AssZzXkn-≤m¥w kq£v-a-ambn ]Tn®n-´p≈bmfmWv k¿^-dmkv lpssk≥. {ioi¶-cs‚ AssZz-Xhpw Ckvem-anse AssZz-Xhpw XΩn¬ tbmPn-°n-s√∂v ]d-bp-∂-h-cp-ap≠.v "Ckvem-ans‚ kuµ--cym-t\z-j-W-'Øn¬ Bflob in£-W-ß-sf-°pdn-®mWv {KŸ-Im-c≥ BZy-ambn ]d-bp-∂-Xv. hnj-bm-h-X-c-W-ØntNmtZym- Ø c coXn- b mWv ]pkv X - I - Ø n¬ kzoI- c n®p ImWp- ∂ - X v .

C¥ybn¬ Kpcp-Ipek{ºZmbw D≠m-bn-cp∂ ImeØv hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ Xe-\m-cngIodp∂ tNmZy-߃ Kq-cp-\m-Y-∑m¿°p t\sc Db¿Øn-bn-cp-∂psh∂v hmb-\-°m¿°v Adnbmw. Adn-hns‚ kq£v-aX-I-fn-te°v FØnt®-cm-\m-Wn-Xv. B_p-hns‚ a\- nse kq^oNn¥m-KXn Xs∂bmIWw Cu ]pkv X Ihnh¿Ø- \Ø -- n\v At±- l sØ t{]cn- ∏ n- ® n- c n- ° p- I . - C kvemans‚ kuµcysØ F´v A≤ym-b-ß-fn-embn hni-Z-am°p∂ ]pkvXI-am-Wn-Xv. 1. Bflob in£-W-߃, 2. [\y-amb GI-Xzw 3. [\ymflm-°ƒ 4.A©p -{]am-W߃ 5. sXm´n¬ sXm´v NpS-e-hsc 7. Pohn-XØns‚ cl-ky-߃ 8. ]cn-jvIm-c-Øns‚ aXw. CØcw Xe-s°´pIƒ At\zj- W m- fl - I X- b psS ]pXnb temI- Ø n- t e°v hmb- \- ° m- c s\ FØn°pw. Po-hn-XsØ BsI s]mXn™p \n¬°p∂ Zpcq-l-X-bn-te°v k©-cn-°p∂ a\ v Hmtcm A≤ymb-ß-fneqsS AXn-\p≈ DØ-cßfpw Is≠-Øp-∂p-≠v. CØcw DØ-c-߃ im¥n-bpsS Xoc-tØ°v a\pjya\- ns\ FØn-°p∂ Xc--Ønep≈XmWv. Ah-km-\Ø A[ymb-Øn\v "]cn-jvImc-Øns‚ aXw' F∂ Xe-s°-´mWv \¬In-°m-Wp-∂Xv. -]-cn-jvImcw, kwkvImcw F∂o ]Z-ß-fpsS thdn-´ A¿∞-߃ B_p a\- n-em-°n-bn´n-t√ Fs∂mcp ktµ-lhpw hmb-\° -- m-c-\v tXm-∂m-\n-Sbp-≠v. "]cn-jvIm-cØns‚ aXw' F∂-Xn-t\-°mƒ Iptd°qSn HuNnXyw \¬IpI "-kwkvIr-Xn-bpsS aXw' F∂Xm-bn-cp-∂nt√?

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H.-B_p

Zo\p¬ Ckvemw H.-B-_p-hns‚ as‰mcp hnh¿Ø-\-Ir-Xn-bmWv "Zo\p¬ Ckvemw'.

B_p-hns‚ `mj-bn-¬ ]d-™m¬ ""hiy-h-N pw Ncn{X]Sp-hp-amb AlvaZv GP¬ hmiv F∂ Ckvem-anI ]fin-X≥ "Z dneo-Pn-b≥ Hm^v Ckvemw' Fgp-Xn-bXv Ckvemw aX-sØ-°p-dn®v t_m[-]q¿∆-tam A√msXtbm D≈ sX‰n≤m-c-W-Iƒ \o°m-\m-Wv.'' Cu IrXn C∂sØ temIkm-l-N-cy-Ønepw {]k-‡-ambnØocp-∂p-sh∂v {]tXyIw ]d-tb-≠Xn√.

GP¬ hmiv F-gp-Xnb Ime-tØ-°mƒ IqSp-X¬ sX‰n-≤m-c-W-Iƒ C∂v apkvenwIsf Ipdn®v temI-sØ-ºm-Sp-ap-≠v. \_n-Xn-cpta-\n-bpsS \njv]£-amb Poh-N-cn-{Xhpw Ckvem-ans‚ in£-W-ßfpw kw£n-]vX-ambn P\-k-a£w Ah-X-cn-∏n°m\mWv Cu IrXn cNn-®-sX∂v aqe {KŸ-Imc≥ Fgp-Xnbn-´p-≠v. Ckvem-ans‚ kmcmw-i-ßsf kXy-k-‘-ambn {]Xn]m-Zn-°m\pw \njv]£-ambn hne-bn-cp-Øm\pw th≠n cNn-°-s∏´ ]pkvXI-am-Wn-Xv. kXy-k-‘\pw \oXn-am-\p-amb Hcp Ncn-{X-Im-cs‚ a\-t msS- b mWv ]pkv X IcN\ \n¿∆- l n- ° - s ∏´n- c n- ° p- ∂ - X v . Ckv e m- a ns‚ Bhn¿`m- h - Ø n\p apºp≈ Ad- _ n- I - f psS aX- c m- { „o- b - k m- a q- l n- I [m¿ΩnI Ah-ÿ-Isf Npcp-°n-∏-d-bp-I-bmWv Cu IrXn-bn¬ sNbvXn´p-≈-Xv. AlvaZv GP¬ hmiv CuPn-]vjy≥ kmaq-lnI ]cn-jvI¿Øm-hmbn-cp-∂p. BZy-Ime]T\w Cw•-≠n-em-bn-cp-∂p. kq^n-ksØ B[m-c-am44

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H.-B_p

°n-bmWv {_ ¬kv k¿∆-I-em-im-e-bn¬ \n∂v tUmŒ-td‰v t\Sn-b-Xv. Hcp BIv S n- h nÃv F∂ \ne- b n¬ temI- Ø m- k - I ew el- c n- h ncp≤{]h¿Ø-\-߃ \S-Ønb GP¬ hmiv AXp-ambn _‘-s∏´ ktΩf-\-ß-fnepw {]-h¿Ø-\-ß-fn-ep-sa√mw Jp¿-B-s\bpw ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp--ØpI-bm-bn-cp-∂p. At±-l-Øns‚ Gd-dhpw {]i-kvXn-bm¿÷n® ]pkvX-IamWv Cw-•o-jn¬ cNn-°-s∏´ ""Z dnen-Py≥ Hm^v Ckvemw.'' AXmWv H.B_p hnh¿Ø-\w sNbvX-t∏mƒ "Zo\p¬Ckvemw' Bb-Xv. Ckvem-ans\-∏‰n Fgp-X-s∏´ At\Iw IrXn-Iƒ hmbn®v ]Tn®pw Bi-b-߃ tIm´w X´m-sXbpw kz¥w `m-h\ -- -Iƒ Iq´n-t®¿-°m-sXbpw cNn-® ]pkvXI-am-Wn-Xv. apkvenw-Iƒ°pw A\y-a-X-ÿ¿°p-an-S-bn-ep≈ kulr-Zw hf¿Øm-\mbn cNn-°-s∏´ {KŸam-Wn-Xv. \_n hcp-Ønb kmaq-lnI ]cn-h¿Ø-\-߃, Ckvem-ans‚ cmjv{Sobkmaq-lnIhyh-ÿ-Iƒ Ch Cu IrXn-bn¬ hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-∂p. Ckvem-an-s\-Xncmbn sI´n-®-a® hmkv X hhncp- ≤ - a mb Ip‰m- t cm- ] - W - ß - f psS Jfi\w, Ckv e m- a nkv{XoIƒ°p≈ ]Z-hn, hnhm-lhpw hnhm-l-tam-N-\hpw, h[p-hns‚ kΩXhpw c£n-Xmhpw, hnhm-l-tamN-\hpw `mcym-`¿Øm-°-∑m-cpsS t]mcmbva-I-fpw, hnhm-l-tam-N-\-Øns‚ ]cn-[n, A\p-c-RvP-\-Øn\v Ckvemw \¬Ip∂ t{]m’m-l\w XpSßn temIw Ckvem-an-s\-°p-dn-®v sX‰n-≤cn® hnj-b-ß-fmWv \njv]-£-amb hni-I-e-\-Øn\v hnt[-b-am-hp-∂-Xv. Hc¿∞- Ø n¬ Ckv e mw hna¿i- \ - ß ƒ°p≈ adp- ] - S n- b m- W n- X v . apkvenaoßf√mØ, AtX-k-abw Ckvem-an-s\-°p-dn®v sX-‰n-≤m-c-W-Iƒ BZy-Im-eØv {]N-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn¬ apºn¬ \n∂ ss{IkvXh ]fin-X∑m¿°v ss{IkvXh]fin-X-∑m-sc-s°m≠v Xs∂ adp-]Sn ]d-bn-∏n-°p∂ coXn-bn-emWv cN\ \S-∂n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Ata-cn-°≥ ]fin-X-\mb hneyw F.-tPm¨k¨, Ae-Ivkm-≠-dn-b-°m-c\ -- mb Sn.-F-®v. tè, s{]m^.

PdmƒUv {_m-°¨_dn XpS-ßnb ss{IkvXh ]fin-X-∑m-cmWv Cu ]pkvX-IsØ hmbn-®-dn-bm\pw Aßs\ Ckvem-an-s\-°p-dn--®p≈ sX‰n≤m-c-W-Iƒ \o°m\pw Bh-iy-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ss{IkvXh C-kvemanI ho£- W - ß sf tbmPn- ∏ n- ° p∂ IÆn- s b- ∂ mWv "Zo\p¬ Ckv e mw' hntijn-∏n-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. GP¬ hmins‚ `mjm ssien-bpsS emfnXyw, \njv]-£hpw ka-{K-hp-amb {]X-Nn-]m-Z-\w, hnj-bm-h-X-cW ]mShw˛ F¥p sIm≠pw anI-th-dnb ]pkvX-I-am-Wn-Xv. Hmdn-b-‚enÃmb sl¿a≥ s_ ¿ Fgp- X p- ∂ p. ""C°- g n™ \m¬]Xv sIm√°mew Ckvem-ans\ {]Xn-]m-Zn-°p∂ At\Iw {KŸ-ß-fp-ambn \nc-¥cw ]cn-Nbs∏´n-´p≈ Hcp hy‡n F∂ \ne-bn¬ Rm≥ ]d-bp-∂p. Cu hnj-bØn¬ C{X kXy-k-‘-am-bpw, \njv]-£-ambpw EPp-hmbpw ip≤-ambpw cNn-°-s∏´ as‰mcp {KŸw Rm≥ thsd I≠n-´n√.'' Ad-_n-I-fpsS D∂X-amb kwkvImcw, \mK-cn-I-X, Nn¥m-K-Xn, BNmcacym-Z-Iƒ, al-Ømb [oc- i qcX- I ƒ am\h kap- Z m- b - Ø ns‚ D≤m- c - W - Ø n¬ DtØ- P \w 45

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H.-B_p

\¬Inb bp≤-\o-Xn-Iƒ, ]cm-Pn-X-tcmSv ImWn® kln-jvWpX, HuZmcyw, apkvenw imkv{X-⁄-∑mcpw XØz-⁄m-\n-Ifpw temI-Øn-ep-≠m°nb A¤p- X s∏Sp- Ø p∂ ]cn- h ¿Ø- \ - ß ƒ, hnZym- ` ymkXrjv W , ss[j-WnI ssh⁄m\nI cwK-Øp \¬Inb tkh-\-߃, al-Ømb kmlnXykwkvIrXn-Iƒ, Ckvem-w FØnb \m-´n-ep-≠mb am‰-߃, aX-kz-`mh kwkvI-c-W-Øn\v Cu aXw \¬Inb kw`m-h-\-Iƒ Cßs\ Adn-hns‚ At\Iw ssIh-gn-I-fn-eqsS k©-cn°m≥ "Zo\p¬ Ckveman'\v km[n-°p-∂p-≠v. a\pjycmin°v al-Ømb kΩm-\hp-ambn Ab-°-s∏´ apl-ΩZv \_n-sb-°p-dn®v ]m›-Xy-cn¬ Nn-e¿ ]d™p ]c-Ønb I≈-°-Y-Iƒ.

1. ]nim-Np-°-fpsS Xe-h≥. 2. \c-_en B{K-ln®bmƒ 3. `qan-bn¬ aXhn-tcm-[-Øns‚ hnjhn-Øp-hn-X-®-h≥ 4. hjf≥ 5. H´ItamjvSm-hv.

6.am\yX-bpsS ImX-e-dn-b-Ø-h≥ 7. kz¥w ktlm-Z-c-ß-tfmSv ]I-ho-´p∂-Xn-∂mbn \q-X\aXw I≠p-]n-Sn-®-bmƒ 8. {InkvXphntcm-[n-bmb ]m]n 9. A⁄≥ 10. I≈-{]-hm-N-I≥ 11. A¥- mchnlo-\≥ 12. kv{XoeºS≥Cßs\ \_n-bpsS t\sc \o≠ AXnhnNn-{X-ßfmb hna¿i-\-߃°pw A]-hm-Z-߃°pw adp-]Sn ]d-bp-I-bmWv Zo\p¬ Ckvemans‚ I¿Ømhv. temI-{]-kn-≤-\mb Im¿sse¬ Xs‚ ]pkvX-I-amb lotdm Bkv F s{]m^‰v apl-ΩZv Bbn \_nsb sXsc-s™-SpØv ]e ]mivNmXy ]fin-Xt- cbpw Aº-c∏ - n-®p. ]e-ImeL´-ßf - n¬ ]e-\n-eI - f - n¬ {]JymXn t\Snb ]m›mXy{KŸ-Im-c-∑m¿ Ckvem-an-s\-°p-dn®pw {]hm-N-I-s\-°pdn®pw {]N-cn-∏n® I≈-°-Y-Iƒ \njv]£]Tn-Xm-°sf Aºc-∏n®p. CXn\p≈ DNn-X-amb adp-]Sn ]d-bp-I-bmWv Zo\p¬ Ckvem-aneqsS GPhmiv sNbvXXv. apl-ΩZv Ak-Zns‚ "Ckvemw hgn-Øn-cn-hn¬' F∂ {KŸ-Ønse hnh¿Ø\ta∑ Cu {KŸ-Øn¬ kq£n-°m≥ B_p-hn\v Ign-™n-´n-√. F¶nepw aqe-{K-Ÿ-Im-c-≥ ]d-bm-\p-t±-in® Imcy-߃ GXm≠v AtX- ] Sn Ah- X - c n- ∏ n- ° m≥ hnh¿Ø- I \v Ign- ™ n- ´ p- ≠ v . ""arXypØc PmX]p-{X≥''Xp-S-ßnb I√p ISn-°p∂ hm°p-Iƒ ]pkvXI-Øn-ep-≠v. ***** ***** *****

46

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H.-B_p

B_p-hns‚ Poh-N-cn-{X-{K-Ÿ-߃

Poh-N-cn{XcN-\bv°v Hcp apJ-°p-dn∏v Hcmƒ as‰m-cm-fpsS Pohn-X-hr-Øm¥w kpµ-c-ambn Fgp-Xp-∂XmWv Poh-N-cn{Xw. Hcp {]tXyI hy‡n-bpsS Pohn-X-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ Ncn{Xw F∂ A¿∞-Øn-emWv Cw•o-jn¬ _tbm-{K^n F∂ ]Zw {]tbm-Kn°p-∂Xv. 1683 ¬ ss{UU≥ F∂ Cw•ojv Fgp-Øp-Im-c-\mWv _tbm{K^n F∂ ]Zw BZy-ambn D]-tbm-Kn-®-Xv. "Iemkr„n F∂ \ne-bnXøm- d m- ° - s ∏´ Hcp hy‡n- b psS kXy- k - ‘ - a mb tcJ' F∂mWv lmtcmƒUv \nIvk≥ Poh-N-cn-{X-Øn\v \¬Inb \n¿∆-N-\w. hy‡n-IfpsS PohnXIY {]Xn-]m-Zn-°p∂ kmlnXyimJ-bmWv Poh-N-cn-{X-sa∂v HmIvkvt^m¿Uv \nL-≠p-hn¬ ImWmw. N-cn{Xw, hy‡n, kmlnXyw Ch aq∂n-epamWv AXv Du∂n -\n¬°p-∂-Xv. hy‡n-bpsS kXy-k-‘amb tcJ-bmWv Poh-N-cn{Xw. Iem-]c-ambn CXv kwhn-[m\w sNbvXncn-°-Ww. Poh-N-cn-{X-Im-c≥ tZmssjI-Zrt°m Kp-W-{]-Nm-c-I-t\m- am-{Xam-I-cp-Xv. Ncn{X]pcp-j≥ Pohn-®n-cp∂ Ime-L-´-Øns‚ Ne-\-߃ {Kln°msX ka-{K-amb Poh-N-cn{Xw Fgp-Xm-\m-hn-√. At∏mƒ Hcp kmaqlnI 47

t\Xr-kvar-Xn-k© - nI

H.-B_p

t\Xr-kvar-Xn-k© - nI

H.-B_p

Ncn-{X-Im-cs‚ DØ-c-hm-ZnØw IqSn Poh-N-cn-{X-Im-c≥ \n¿∆-ln-°-Ww. H.-B-_p-hns‚ Poh-N-cn{XIrXn-Iƒ Cu \nb-a-ßsf√mw ]men®v FgpX-s∏-´-X-√. s]s´-∂p-≠mb Nne kml-N-cy-ß-fpsS ]›m-Ø-e-Ønepw aX-]-c-amb Xm¬]-cy-ß-fpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Ønepw X\n-°-dn-bm-hp∂ Imcy߃ Fgp-XpI F∂Xpam{X-amWv B_p Poh-N-cn{XcN-\-I-fn¬ sNbvXncn-°p-∂Xv. X\n°v {]nb-s∏-´-h-cpsS Pohn-X-ß-sf-°p-dn®v kmam-\y-amb ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Ø-ep-Iƒ°-∏pdw Poh-N-cn-{X-im-J-bpsS \nb-a-ßfpw Iemfl-I-Xbpw Zo£n®p sIm≠√ B_p-hns‚ CØcw IrXn-Iƒ cq]w sIm≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

Kukp¬ AAvfw ae-bmfkmln-Xy-Ønse Poh-N-cn-{X-imJ A{X-sbm∂pw kº-∂a√. apkvenw al-Øp-°-sf-°p-dn®v Fgp-X-s∏´ IrXn-Iƒ hnc-en-se-Æmhp- ∂ {Xtb D≈q. CØ- c - s amcp kml- N - c y- Ø n¬ B_p Fgp- X nb Ncn{XIrXn-Iƒ°v hfsc {]m[m\yw D≠v. [mcmfw Ncn{XIrXn-Iƒ B_p cNn-®n-´p-≠v. Camw K m-en, -ko-Xn-km-ln-_v, apl-ΩZv apkvX-^, apkvenw cmPyNcn-{Xw, kºq¿Æ Ckvemw Ncn{Xw, enbm-JØv AenJm≥,- a-lm-∑m-cpsS Ip´n-°m-ew, CJv_m¬ Pn∂-°-b® IØp-Iƒ, {io \mcm- b - W s‚ GI- t emIw, Ad- _ n- a - e - b mf kmlnXyNcn{Xw, Pn∂mkmln-_ns‚ ktµ-iw, B[p-\nI temIhpw apl-ΩZv \_n-bpw, Kukp¬ AAvfw, bqk^v \_n Ncn{Xw (am∏n-f-∏m-´p-Iƒ) F∂n-ßs\ At\Iw IrXn-Iƒ B_p cNn-®n-´p-s≠-¶nepw ]eXpw e`y-a-√. C°q-´Øn¬ s]´ Ad_nae-bmf kmlnXyNcn-{X-sØ-°p-dn®pw {io \mcm-bW-s\-°p-dn®pw kn.-Sn. _jo¿ Cu ]pkvX-I-Øns‚ c≠mw `mK-Ønhni-Zo-I-cn®v Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v. Ah-bm-Is´ B_p-hns‚ anI® IrXn-Ifp-am-Wv. tIc-fØ - nse apkvenw a\- p-If - n¬ {]Im-in-°p∂ Bflob Zo]inJbmWv "Kukp¬ AAvfw' F∂ hnti-j-W-ap≈ ssiJv aplvbn±o≥ A–p¬ JmZn¿ Poem\n X߃. At±-lsØ G‰hpw C„-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿°p t]mepw B alm]fin-Xs\ Adn-tb-≠Xp t]mse Adn-bm-\m-bn-´n-√.

At±-lsØ hna¿in-°p-∂-hcpw [mcm-f-ap-≠v. Ahcpw At±-lsØ DNnX-ambn ]Tn-°p-I-tbm hne-bn-cp-ØpItbm sNbvXn-´n-√. ssiJns‚ kw`h_lp-e-amb hy‡nPohn-X-sØ-°p-dnt®m A∂sØ kaq-l-Øn48

49

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H.-B_p

A-t±lw D≠m-°nb Bflob ]cn-h¿Ø-\sØ°pdnt®m At±lw {]Xn\n-[m\w sNøp∂ Bflob {]ÿm-\-sØ-°p-dnt®m ]Tn-°msX At±lw {]Z¿in-∏n-®-Xmbn ]d-bp∂ A¤pXIrXy-߃ {]N-cn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp∂ Zu¿`m-Kym-h-ÿ-bmWv \ne-hn-ep-≈-Xv. apkvenw kmaq-lnIcwKØpw ⁄m\taJ-e-bnepw Pohn-Xkao-]\-cw-KØpw B alm-flmhv hcpØnb ]cn-h¿Ø-\-߃ ]Tn-°p-Ibpw hne-bn-cp-Øp-Ibpw sNømØ kml-Ncy- Ø n- e mWv H.- B - _ p- h ns‚ "Kukp¬ AAv f w' F∂ PohNcn{X kwt£]w {]k-‡-am-Ip-∂-Xv. JmZn apl-ΩZv cNn-®-Xmbn Icp-X-s∏-Sp∂ "aplvbn-±o≥ ame'-bn-eq-sS-bmWv tIcfapkvenwIƒ, A–p¬ JmZn¿ Poem\nsb A-dn-™-Xv. AXn-em-Is´ ssiJns‚ A¤pX IrXy-ß-fmWv IqSpX-embn Ah-X-cn-∏n-®n-´p-≈-Xv. ae-bm-f-Øn\p ]pd-Øp≈ Cw•o-jv, Ad_n `mjIfn¬ Poem-\n-bpsS icm-icn PohnX-Nn-{X-߃ Fgp-X-s∏-´n-´p-≠v.

B Bflob Kpcp-hn-s\-°p-dn®v e£-W-samØ Poh-N-cn{Xw ae-bm-fØn¬ Fgp-Xn- F∂-XmWv B_p-hns‚ Cu Poh-N-cn-{X-Øns‚ {]k‡n F∂v Cu IrXn {]kn-≤o-I-cn-®-h¿ Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp-∂p-≠v. 1963˛¬ cNn® Cu IrXn ssiJns‚ kw£n]vX Poh-N-cn{Xw am{X-am-Wv. 37 h¿jw apºv cNn-°-s∏´ Cu ]pkvX-I-Øns‚ {]km-[\w c≠m-bn-cm-am-≠n-emWv \S-∂-sX∂ A¤p-X-hp-ap-≠v. aplvbn-±o≥ ssiJp-ambn B_p-hn-\p-≠mbn-cp∂ Bflo-b-amb ASp-∏-Øn¬ \n∂v cNn® Cu IrXn-bpsS cN-\bv°mbn kzoI-cn® B[nIm-cnI tcJ-Iƒ hy‡-am-°-s∏-´n-´p-an-√. AtX kabw "aplvbn-±o≥ ame'sb \nc-h[n XhW B_p ]cm-a¿in-®n-´p-ap≠v. `‡n-Im-hy-ßsf Xnc-kvI-cn-®-XmWv kaq-l-Øns‚ [m¿anI NypXnbpsS Imc-W-sa∂ A`n-{]mbw Cu {KŸ-Im-c-\p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. JmZn-cnøm Xzco-J-Øns‚ h‡m-hm-bn-cp∂p B_p-sh∂pw ]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂p-≠v. hnhn[ Xe-s°-´pIfnep≈ sNdp-hn-h-c-Wß-fm-bn-´mWv Cu ]pkvXIw Xøm-dm°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. tIc-fo-b-cmb apkvenwIƒ ]c-kv]cw ]d™pw tI´pw hmbn® Imcy-߃ Xs∂-bmWv Cu Poh-N-cn-{X-Øn-ep≈Xv. ssiJns‚ t]cnt\mSv tN¿Øp sh°p∂ hnhn[ hnti-jW-߃ Fßns\ h∂psh∂pw F¥m-W-Xns‚ bp‡n-sb∂pw ]pkvX-I-Øn-ep-≠v. Ckvem-ans‚ X\n-a-bm¿∂ `mh-߃ kaqlPohn-X-Øn¬ \n∂v A{]-Xy-£-am-b-t∏mƒ Ckvem-ans\ ]p\-cp-÷o-hn-∏n-®-bmƒ F∂ A¿∞-ap≈ aplvbn-±o≥ F∂ t]cv ssiJn\v e`n-®-Xn-s\-°p-dn®p Xs∂ Hcp A¤pXIY Cu ]pkvXI-Øn¬ tN¿Øn-´p-≠v. ssiJv A_q apl-ΩZv A–p-√m-ln-_n≥ A_p^Ømlv ]d-bp∂ Hcp IY CXm-Wv. Rm≥ 40 h¿jw Kukp¬ AAvfans‚ IqsS Pohn-®n-´p-≠v. cm{Xn-bpsS BZybma-ß-fn¬ B `‡≥ \nkvIm-c-ß-sf√mw \n¿∆-ln-°pw. a[y-bm-a-Øn¬ ho≠pw {]m¿∞-\m\n-c-X-\m-hpw. {]`m-XØn¬ At±-l-Øns‚ s\‰n-Ø-S-Øn¬ IÆ-©n°p∂ Hcp Znhy-{]-Imiw t{]m÷z-en°p∂Xv Rm≥ I≠n-cp-∂p. Cu 50

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H.-B_p

IYsb Fßs\ hni-Zo-I-cn-°Ww F∂Xv Hcp {]iv\w Xs∂-bm-Wv. Akm-[m-Whpw a\- ns\ DW¿Øp-∂X - p-amb [mcmfw hN-\c - X - v\߃ Cu ]pkvXI - Ø - n-ep-≠v. Al-¥s - b-°p-dn®v ssiJv ]dbp-∂Xv Hcp DZm-lc - Ww: ""Al-¶m-cs - a∂ Ahn-ip-≤Xsb \n¿Ωm¿÷\w sNømØ Ime-tØmfw lrZbw hnip≤-am-bn-Øo-cn-√. Kplm-¥¿`m-KØv hkn-°p∂-h¿ Ah-cpsS \mbsb Kplm-ap-JØ - n-\∏ - pdw Ccp-Øp-∂Xp t]mse ssZhln-XØ - ns‚ hmXn-en-\∏ - pdw Al-¥sb Ccp-ØmØ Ime-tØmfw lrZb-Øn\v shfn®w In´n√''. F´p {]hm-NI - ∑ - m-sc-°p-dn®v F´p KpW-߃ ssiJv ]d-bp-∂Xv Xmsg Ipdn-°p-∂p. (1) Zmcn-{Zyw-˛-ap-l-ΩZv \_n (2) XymKw˛C{_mlnw \_n (3) hkv{X[mcWw ˛ aqkm-\_n (4) tZimS\w˛Cukm\_n (5) £a˛ Aøq_v \_n (6) Ic-®n¬˛bq\pkv \_n (7) hW°w ˛ CkvlmIzv \_n (8) {]m¿∞\˛k°-dnbm \_n-. -CXv ssiJns‚ IuXp-Ia - p-≈h - m°p∂ \nco-£Ww Xs∂-bm-Wv. a\-hn-IX - sb {]hm-N-I-cn-eqsS kv^pSo-I-cn-s®-Sp-°p-∂p-sh-∂-XmWv CXnse ]pXp-a.

Kukp¬ AAvfw ImWn® A¤p-Xß - fpw ]pkvXI - Ø - n-ep-≠v. Fßs\ \√ PohnXw \bn-°m-sa-∂X - n-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ ssiJns‚ \n¿t±-iß - fp≈ Cu ]pkvXI - w Ncn-{X-cN - \°m[m-ca - m-°nb alm-flm-hns‚ Pohn-XsØbpw XØz-ßs - fbpw Ipdn-®v Bg-ta-dnb Adn-hp-Iƒ \¬Ip-∂n-√. aplvbn-±o≥ A–p¬ JmZn¿ Poem-\n-bpsS Poh-N-cn{Xkwt£]w \S- Ø nb H.- B _p ssiJns‚ "^pXq- l p¬ ssK_n's‚ ]cn- ` mj "Bflob {]`m-j-W-߃' F∂ t]cn¬ hnh¿Ø\w sNbvXn-´p-≠v. Poem\n-bpsS Bg-ta-dnb hn⁄m\ Zo]vXn {]Im-in-∏n-°p∂ {]i-kvX-{K-ŸamWv "^pXq-lp¬ ssK_v.' -Kp-]vX-am-b-Xns‚ {]Im-i\w F∂mWo t]cns‚ A¿∞w. CXn-t\mSv InS-]n-Sn-°p∂ {KŸ-߃ Cubn-\-Ønthsd-bn√ F∂ Ah-Im-i-hm-Z-hp-ap-≠v. ^pXp-lp¬ ssK_v F∂ KZytam ]Zytam ssiJv cNn-®n-´n-s√∂v ]d-bp-∂h - c - p-ap-≠v. \Ωp-sS-Xmb Cu Bkpc-Im-e-Øn¬ a\p-jysc A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-°p∂ {]iv\-߃°v icn-bmb ]cnlmcw ImWp-∂-Xn\v D]-I-cn-°p∂ am\-knIho£Ww D≠m-°m≥ Cu IrXn klm-bI-am-Ip∂psh∂mWv Nne-cpsS ho£Ww. D∂-X-amb PohnX-ho-£Ww ]I-cp∂ ^pXq-lp¬ ssK_v {]m]-©nIkpJw t\Sm≥ \S-Øp∂ B¿Øn]q≠ am’-cy-߃ Ipd-°m-\p-]-I-cn-°pw. ssZh-Ønte-°p≈ apJwXncn-∏n-eqsS a\p-jy-cpsS COm-i‡n h¿≤n-∏n-°p-sa∂ Xncn-®-dnhv \¬Ip-∂ Cu IrXn, "⁄m\n-Iƒ {]hm-N-I-∑m-cpsS ]n¥pS¿®-°m-cm-sW'∂ \_n-h-N-\sØ km¿∞-Iam-°p-∂p-sh∂ A`n-{]mb-ap-≈-h-cpap-≠v. "^pXq- l p¬ ssK_v ' a\pjyPohn- X sØ GXp coXn- b n- e mWv ssZhhgn-bn¬ FØn-t°-≠sX∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ AKm-[-amb hnh-c߃ \¬Ip- ∂ p. C°mcyw hni- Z o- I - c n- ° p- ∂ - X n\v ]pkv X - I - Ø nse 51

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hyXykvXIpdn-∏p-Iƒ°v \¬In-bn-cn-°p∂ Xe-s°-´p-Iƒ Xs∂ [mcmfw aXn-bm-Ipw. hnizm-kn-bpsS e£-Ww, BcmWv ]pWym-flm-hv, lrZbw ]X-°pw, \obpw BZ-c-Wo-b-\m-Ipw, kº-∂¿ kq£n-°p-I, \o \n lm-b\ -- m-Wv, ]cm-{i-b-sa∂ in¿°v, ASp-∏-Øns‚ cl-kyw, A√m-lphns\ ]gn-°-cp-Xv, kwibw P\n-∏n-°p-∂Xv ]nim-Nns‚ hmZw, A√m-lphns\ adn-IS- ° - m≥ t\m°-≠. F¥n\v ]cm-Xn, hn\-bm-\zn-X\ - m-hp-I, kmhImiw \S-°q, kabw hcpw-˛-Im-Øn-cn-°p-I, AXn-cn-\-SpØv t]mtI-≠, tkz—m-\p-h¿Øn-bm-h-cp-Xv, C√m-ØXv Ah-Im-i-s∏-S-cp-Xv, kz¥w Al¥-bpsS i{Xp-hm-Ip-I, a\p-jy¿ Adn-™n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬, tNmZn-®n-s√¶nepw In´pw, HuNnXy-Øn-te-°p≈ Nhn´p]Sn-Iƒ, \nb-ahpw kzoImchpw, F¥n\v HmSn-sbm-fn-°p-∂p, Bfl-kØtbmSv s]mcp-Xp-I, kr„n cl-kyw, i{Xp-hn\pw \∑ hc-s´˛ F∂n-ß-s\-bp≈ AºXv A≤ym-bß-fn-eqsS AXn-t{i-jvT-amb PohnXt_m[w {KŸw ]I-cp-∂p. kqcy-kam-\-amb Bflob tXP- p-sIm≠v 12˛mw \q‰m-≠ns\ {]Im-i-am-\-am°nb Poem-\n-bpsS 80 Bflob {]`m-j-W-ß-fpsS kam-lm-c-amWv "^pXqlp¬ ssK_v'. [m¿an-Ihpw aX-]-c-hp-amb A[x-]-X-\-Øn¬ \n∂v Xs‚ Ime-L-´sØ aplvbn-±o≥ ssiJv ]cn-h¿Øn-∏n-®-sX-ß-s\, A∂sØ Bflob{]iv\-ß-fpsS kz`mhw F¥m-bn-cp∂p F∂v hmb-\-°msc t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ {]`m-j-W-߃. hnjbw B≤ym-fln-I-am-sW-¶nepw km[m-c-W-°m¿°p IqSn kp{Km-ly-amIpw hn[w Bhn-jvI-cn-°p∂p F∂XmWv Cu IrXn-bpsS ta∑. Ckvem-anI Z¿i-\-߃ hnkvar-X-am-hp-Ibpw apkven-wIƒ shdpw \ma-[m-cn-I-fm-hp-Ibpw sNbvX lnPvd A©mw \q‰m≠n-emWv ssiJns‚ {]h¿Ø-\-߃ Ac-tß-dn-b-Xv. Ccp-]-Ø©v h¿jsØ BflobNn¥m-K-Xnbpw ssZhm-cm-[-\-bnapgp-Inb Pohn-X-hpw, acp-`q-an-bnepw h\m-¥-c-ß-fnepap≈ GIm¥ hmkhpw, bph-Xz-Øns‚ Xnf-®p-a-dn-b-en-t‚-Xmb kµ¿`-ß-fn¬ apgp-h≥ `uXnI kpJm-k‡n Dt]-£n-°p-Ibpw At∏m-sgms° hn⁄m\ kºmZ-\hpw Bflob in£-Whpw t\Sp-Ibpw, ]I-ens‚ Gdn-b-t\-chpw P\߃°v Adnhp \¬Ip-Ibpw, cm{Xn-bpsS apJy`m-Khpw Jp¿B≥ ]m-cmb-W-Øn\pw \nkvIm-c-Øn-\pw -th≠n kabw \o°n shbv°p-Ibpw sNbvXv Cßs\ Pohn-XsØ sI´n-∏-SpØv hnPbw t\Snb hy‡n-bmWv Poem\n X߃. aplvbn-±o≥ ssiJns‚ Pohn-X-ZuXyw "Bflob`uXnIhn\m-iØn¬ \n∂p Xs‚ ImesØ c£n-s®-Sp-°pI' F∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. Cu BflobKpcphns‚ icmicn Nn{Xw B_p-hns‚ Cu c≠v ]pkvX-I-ßfn¬ \n∂v e`yam-hp-∂p. cN-\-bn¬ kq£vaX ]pe¿Øn-bn-´p≠v. *****

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koXn kmln_v tIc-fØ -- nse apkvenwI-fpsS Pohn-X-Øn¬ henb am‰-߃ hcpØp-∂-Xn\v Imc-W-°m-c\mb koXn-km-ln-_n-s\-°p-dn-®v eLp-hmb Hcp Poh-Ncn{Xw B_p cNn-®n-´p-≠v. AXv {]kn-≤o-I-cn® Xe-t»-cn-bnse kpss_Z ]ªn-jnwKv lukn-t‚-Xmb Ipdn-∏n¬ Cßs\ ImWmw: "koXn kmln-_ns‚ kºq¿Æ PohNcn-{Xhpw Pohn-®n-cn-°p-∂-hcpw acn-®p-t]mb-hc - p-amb F√m apkvenw t\Xm-°f - psSbpw Poh-Nc - n-{X-߃ Hs∂m-∂mbn {]kn≤s∏Sp-Øm≥ R߃ Xocp-am-\n-®n-´p-≠v. Cu hnj-b-Øn¬ tIcf-Øn-\-IØpw ]p-dØpap≈ ae-bmfo apkvenw kaqlw {]tXyI-ambpw a‰p klr-Z-b¿ s]mXp-hnepw Rßsf t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°-W-sa∂v Bin°p-Ibpw AXn-\mbn {]m¿∞n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.' 1954 G{]n-¬ HºXn\mWv CsX-gp-Xnbncn-°p-∂-Xv. Adp-]-Xn-e-[nIw h¿jw Ign-™n´pw A∂-sØ-t∏mse C∂pw kwK-Xn-Iƒ InS-°p-∂p. apkvenw A\m-ÿbpsS Zpc-hÿ hy-‡-am-°m≥ CXn-¬ IqSp-X-embn as‰-¥m-Wm-h-iyw?koXn-km-ln-_ns‚ Pohn-X-Øn-s‚ sNdp-Nn-an-gmWo IrXn. Ahnkv a cWob- ß - f mb kw`- h - ß sf t{ImUo- I - c n- ° pI am{X- a mWv Cu ]pkv X - I - Ø n¬ sNbv X sX∂pw GXm\pw Znhkw sIm≠v Fgp- X nØo¿ØXmsW∂pw {KŸ-I¿Ømhv ]d-bp-∂p. B ]cn-anXn ]pkvX-IØn¬ ImWm-\p≠v. koXn-km-ln-_ns‚ ]mc-º-cy-sØ-°p-dn®v ]pkvXI-Øn¬ ]d-bp-∂p-≠v. apkvenw tIc-f-Øn\v A]-cn-Nn-X-ambncp∂ ]cnjvIm-c-߃ hcp-Øp-∂-Xn\pw tIcf apkven-wI-fpsS Pohn-X-Øn\v kr„n]-c-amb kw`m-h-\-Iƒ \¬Ip-∂Xn\pw Imc-W-amb tIcf apkvenw sFIy-kwLw ÿm]n-°p-∂-Xn¬ apºn¬ \n∂bmfm-bn-cp∂p koXn-km53

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ln-_ns‚ ]nXmhv sI.-koXn apl-Ω-Zv. km-aq-lnI]cn-jvI¿Ømhv F∂ \ne- b n¬ At±lw [mcm- f - a mbn {]h¿Øn- ® n- c p- ∂ p. Pohn- X - Ø ns‚ A¿∞w Pohn-X-{]-hrØn-I-fn-eqsS sXfn-bn® koXn apl-ΩZv tIcf apkven-wIƒ°n-S-bnse Ass\-IysØ C√m-bva -sN-øm-\mWv sFIy-kwL-Øns‚ ÿm]-\-Øn-eqsS D-t±-in-®Xv. "A¬ Aao≥' F∂ {]kn-≤oI- c - W - Ø ns‚ Ub- d - Œ ¿, CØcw ]{X{]h¿Ø- \ - ß ƒs°√mw klmbnbmbn \ne-sIm-≠-bmƒ, sIm®n -tÉv am\p-h¬ A®-Sn°v ]n∂nse -[\Zm-Xm-hv, 1099se sh≈-s∏m-°s°Sp-Xn°v Cc-bm-b-h¿°v Xp- W - b mbn \n∂- b mƒ, 1921˛se ae- _ m¿ - e - l - f °m- e Øv ae- _ m¿ apkvenwIƒ°v tkh\w sNbvX-bmƒ, \n-jvI-f-¶-\mb tZim-`n--am-\n (kz¥w `mcy-bpsS P\mk I^≥ sNøm\mbn JZ¿ hkv{Xw Xs∂ D]-tbm-Kn® BZ¿i-[o-cX) Cßns\-sbms° {]h¿Øn® koXn aplΩ-Zns‚ aI-\mbn sI.-Fw.-koXn kmln_v P\n-®p. euInIhnZym-`ymkhpw aX-hn-Zym-`ym-khpw apkvenw kap-Zm-b-Øn\v \n¿_‘am-sW∂v hmZ-ap-≠m-bn-cp∂ \mfp-Iƒ Bbn-cp∂p A∂-tØ-Xv. FdWm-Ipfw almcm-Pm-knepw Xn-cp-h-\-¥-]p-c-Øp-am-bn-cp∂p koXn-km-ln-_ns‚ hnZym-`ymkw. Un{Kn°v ]Tn-°p-tºmƒ Xs∂ cm{„obcwK-ß-fn¬ X¬]-c-\m-bn-cp∂p. ]{X-hm¿Ø A-[m¿an-I-ams-W∂ hmZw \ne-\n∂ B \mfp-I-fn]{Xw hm-bn-®m-e-√msX Dd-ßm≥ Ign-bmØ Bfm-bn-cp∂p koXn. cm{XnIm-e-ß-fn¬ ]{Xw hbn®v D∏sb tIƒ∏n-®ncp∂p. Cw•ojv ]{X-߃ hmbn®v ae-bm-f-Øn¬ kz¥w ]nXm-hn\v ]d-™p--sIm-Sp-°m-\m-bXp aqew ]n∂oSv At±-l-Øn\v \√ {]kw-K-I-\m-Im\pw Zzn`m-jn-bmIm\pw km[n®p. Aen ktlm-Z-c-∑m-cn¬ \n∂pw k¿ kønZv AlvaZv Jm\n¬ \n∂pw Bthiw Dƒs°m≠v Xncp-hnXmwIqdn¬ {]h¿Øn-®p. sh≈-°m-c-s\Xn--cm-bp≈ kzmX{¥yka-c-Øn¬ At±-l-Øns‚ {]kw-K-߃ kap-Zmb-Ønepw kaq-l-Ønepw henb ]cn-h¿Ø-\-߃°p Imc-W-am-bn. \n l-I-c-W-{]-ÿm-\-Øns‚ `mK-ambn ¢mkv _ln-jvI-cn®v kacw \S-Øm≥ koXn kmln-_ns\ ]nXmhp kΩ-Xn-®n-√. kap-Zm-b-Øn¬ hnZym-kº-∂-cp-≠m-hp-∂Xv CXpaqew C√mXm-bn-Øo-cp-sa-∂m-bn-cp∂p At±-lØns‚ `bw. ]Tn®p hf¿∂ tijw kacw sNbvXXp aqew alm-flmKm-‘n-bpsS Bi-b-]q¿Æ-amb Cw•ojv {]-kw-K-߃ Km‘n-Pn°p Xs∂ Xr]vXnbp≠m-°p∂ Xc-Øn¬ ]cn-`mj \n¿∆-ln®v Km‘n-Pn-bpsS A`n\- µ \w t\Sphm≥ koXn- k m- l n- _ n\v Ign™p. 1937˛emWv koXn kmln_v sslt°m-SXn h°o-em-hp-∂-Xv. FdWm-Ip-fØv {]mŒokv Bcw`n®v Xe-t»cnbn¬ XpS-cp-I-bmWp sNbvXXv. tIcf s{]mhn≥jytIm¨{K v IΩn-‰n-bn-tebpw AJn-te¥ym tIm¨{K v {]h¿ØI IΩn‰n-bn-tebpw {]ap-Jm-Kw-ß-fn¬ Hcm-fm-bn-cp∂p At±-lw. tIm¨{K- ns‚ BZ¿i- ß - f mWv `mcy- b p- s Sbpw ]nXm- h n- s ‚bpw aø- Ø p- I ƒ JmZn hkv{XØn¬ I^≥ -sN-øm≥ At±-lsØ t{]cn-∏n-®-Xv. AXn\p apºv

apkvenw kap-Zm-b-Øn¬ Aßs\ Hcp k{º-Zmbw \S-∂n-´n-√. sIm√-h¿jw 1103˛se sXsc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ koXn kmln_v \nb-a-k`-bn-te°v CZw{]Ya-ambn FXn-cn-√msX sXc-s™-Sp-°-s∏-´p. Cßs\ aq∂v XhW sXsc-s™-Sp-°-s∏-Sp-I-bp-≠mbn. sIm®n \nb-a-\n¿ΩmW k`-bn¬ hJ-^v _n¬, I®v taa≥Im¿°p≈ -apkvenw \nba _nF∂nh Ncn{X ]pcp-j-\mWv Ah-X-cn-∏n-®-Xv. Beph tImtfPv ^≠nte-°p≈ [\-ti-J-c-Wm¿∞-amWv koXn BZyambn Xe-t»-cn-bn¬ hcp∂-Xv. \meW hne-bp≈ Sn°‰p hn‰mWv ]Ww ]ncn-®-Xv. 1922˛¬ Xet»-cn-bn¬ \S∂ kvs]jy¬ Jnem-^Øv tIm¨^-d≥kn¬ kw_-‘n°m-\mWv At±lw c≠m-aXv Xe-t»-cn-bn¬ h∂-Xv. 1934˛apX¬°mWv At±lw Xe-t»-cn-bn¬ ÿnc-Xm-a-k-am-°n-b-Xv. Xe-t»-cn-bn¬ {]mŒokv sNbvXp sIm≠n-cn°ptºm-gmWv H.-B_p Cu {KŸw Fgp-Xp-∂-Xv. Jnem^Øv ^≠n-te°pw kac^≠n-te°pw koXn-km-ln-_ns‚ IpSpw_w \¬Inb kw`m-h-\-I-fpsS Ncn{Xw ]cn-tim-[n-°p-tºmƒ Bcpw Aºc∂p t]mIpw. koXn-km-ln-_ns‚ DΩ kw`m-h\ \¬Inb kz¿Æ-tam-Xncw koXn-km-ln-_ns‚ ]nXmhv tee-Øn¬ ]nSn®p. koXn kmln_v kz¥w dnÃv hm®mWv \¬In-b-Xv. AXpw At±-l-Øns‚ ]nXmhv tee-Øn]nSn-®p. koXn kmln-_v as‰mcp tamXncw kw`m-h\ \¬In-b-t∏mƒ AXpw AtX-bmƒ KWy-amb hne-°v teew ]nSn-s®SpØp. kvac-WmZn\m-tLmjthfbn¬ \¬Inb tamXn-chpw tbmK-Øn¬ sh®v tee-ØnXncn-s®-Sp-Øp. hmin-bn¬ hne-Iq-Sn-s°m-≠n-cp-∂-t∏mgpw koXn kmln_ns‚ dnÃv hm®v B ]nXmhv tee-Øn¬ ]nSn-s®-Sp-Øp. Cu kµ¿`w ck-I-c-am-bn "kw`m-h-\°v a’cw' F∂ Xe-s°-´n¬ hni-Zo-I-cn-®-Xn\p tijw B_p Fgp-Xp-∂p: ""tZiob Bh-iy-߃°p ]Ww sNe-h-gn°p∂ hnj-b-Øn¬ Cßs\ a’cn® Hcp IpSpw_w A∂v tIc-f-Ønthsd-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂n√.'' {]kw-KI - s - \m∏w Fgp-ØpIm-c\ - p-am-bn-cp∂ koXn-km-ln-_ns\ {KŸI¿Ømhv ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p≠v. [mcm-f-ambn Fgp-Xm≥ At±-l-Øn\p kabw In´n-bn-cp-∂n-√. sIm®n-bn¬ \n∂v h∂n-cp∂ "ae-_m¿ Ckvemw' F∂ ]{X-Ønepw "tIcfhymk≥' F∂ amkn-I-bnepw koXn kmln_v Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v. tImgn-t°ms´ A¬Aao-\n¬, Be-∏p-g-bnse apkvenw F∂ {]kn-≤o-I-c-WØn¬... Aß-s\-b-ßs\ Ipsd-sbms° Fgp-Xnb koXn kmln_v "auem\m apl-Ω-Zen' F∂ ]pkvX-I-samcp-°n-bXv Cu teJ-\-ß-fn¬ Nne-Xv Xnc-s™-Sp-ØmWv tIc-f-Ønse apkvenwI-fpsS Ncn{Xw, kwkvImcw, Pohn-X-{Iaw XpS-ßnb hnj-b-߃ hnh-cn-®p-sIm≠v ae-bm-fn-If - √ - m-Øh - ¿°mbn Cw•o-jn¬ At±lw Fgp-Xn-bn-cp-∂p. FdWmIp-f-Øp-\n∂v {]kn-≤o-I-cn-®n-cp∂ "sFIyw' F∂ ]{X-Øns‚ FUn-‰dm-bn-cp∂ koXn kmln_v auem\m apl-Ω-Zen, Pn∂ F∂o c≠p PohN-cn{X{KŸ-߃ Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v. Xe-t»cnbn¬ \S∂ kakvXtIcf

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kmlnXy]cn-jØv ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬ A[y-£-\m-bn-cp-∂p.

1930˛emWv koXn kmln_v apkvenw eoKn¬ {]h¿Øn®p XpS-ßnb-Xv. kap-Zmb kap-≤m-c-W-Øn¬ ]¶p hln-°m≥ CXp aqew At±-lØn\p km[n®p. Xe-t»-cn-bn¬ Xmakw XpS-ßn-b-tXm-sS-bmWv kn.-]n.-aΩp-t°-bn, F.-sI.-Ip™nam-b≥ lmPn, sI.-D-∏n- km-ln-_v, kØm¿ tk´pkm-ln_v F∂n-h-tcm-sSm∏w {]h¿Øn-°p-hm≥ Ah-kcw In´n-b-Xv. koXn kmln-_ns‚ hm‹nX -kw-L-S-\bv°v A¤p-X-I-c-amb thKX Iq´n. eoKpImc-\mb koXn-km-ln-_ns‚ {]h¿Ø\w ae-_m-dn\v Gsd sa®ap-≠m-°n. 1934˛se sePnt…‰ohv Akwªn sXc-s™-Sp-∏v, ]›n-aXocafi- e - Ø n¬ tIm¨{K vYm\m¿∞nbpw apkvenweoKv ÿm\m¿∞nbpw a’- c n® BZysXsc- s ™- S p- ∏ mbncp∂p. eoKv ÿm\m¿∞nbmb CkvlmJv tk´p-hmWv Pbn-®-Xv. A°m-e-ØmWv koXn kmln_v Hcp {]ÿm- \ - a mbn hf¿∂- X v . CXp XI¿°m≥ tIm¨{Kkv, apkvenwaPvenkv Fs∂mcp kwL-S-\ kr„n-®v a’-cn-∏n®p-sh-¶nepw Dt±-in® ^ew In´n-bn-√. apkvenweoKv F∂ cm{„ob {]ÿm\-Øns‚ hf¿®°v XS-bn-Sm≥ A∂m¿°pw Ign-™n-√. A°m-eØp \S∂ kp{]kn≤ t\Xm-°-fpsS ae-_m¿ kµ¿i\w hnP-b-I-c-am°nØo¿ØXv koXn-km-ln-_ns‚ {]h¿Ø-\a-- m-bn-cp-∂p. At±l-Øns‚ {]kwK`mjm-¥cw Btcbpw hnkva-bn-∏n-°p∂ Xc-Øn-ep-≈-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. koXn kmln-_ns‚ {]kw-K-Øns‚ {]tXy-I-XIƒ BI¿j-I-amb `mjmKpWw, lrZbkv]¿in-bmb i_vZkpJw apX-em-b-h-bm-bn-cp-∂p. ae-_m¿ apkvenweoKns‚ sk{I´-dn-bmbpw kwÿm\ apkvenweoKv Iu¨kn- e - d mbpw {]h¿Øn- ° p- I - b p- ≠ m- b n. hn`- P - \ m- \ - ¥ c apkvenweoKns\ \ne-\n¿Øm≥ koXn-km-ln_v ]d™ Imc-W-߃ Ch-bm-Wv. aX-hn-cp-≤hpw hnt{Zm-l-]-c-hp-amb hnπ-hm-i-b-ß-fn¬ hnizkn- ° p∂ cm{„ob I£n- I - f psS sIWn- b n¬ s]´v apkv e nwI- f psS Bflobhy‡nXzw \in-®p-t]m-Im-Xn-cn-°m≥, Bh-iy-ambn hcp-tºmƒ \m´n\pw kap-Zm-b-Øn\pw KpW-]-c-amb hn[-Øn¬ apkven-wI-fpsS kwLSnX i‡nsb D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ Hcp aX-kw-L-S-\-bpsS IognapkvenwIƒ AWn-\n-c-°-W-sa∂ hmZ-°m-c-\m-bn-cp∂p At±-lw. AXn\p ]‰nb kwL-S\ apkvenweoKm-sW∂v At±lw hmZn-®p. 1946˛epw 1951˛epw \S∂ sXc-s™-Sp-∏p-I-fn¬ ae-∏pdw afi-e-Øn¬ \n∂v At±lw Pbn®p. aZn-cmin \nb-a-k-`-bnse A©v apkvenw eoKv AwK-ß-fn¬ Hcm-fmbn-cp∂p koXn kmln-_v. \nb-ak - ` - mw-Ks - a∂ \ne-bn-ep≈ At±-lØ - ns‚ {]h¿Ø\w i{Xp-°ƒ t]mepw Aw-Ko-I-cn-®-XmWv. I£nhyXymkw IqSm-sX- s]mXp{]iv\-ß-fn¬ At±lw kl-I-cn-®p. aZn-cmin \nb-a-k`-bnepw At±lw apkvenw Xm¬]-cy-ßsf i‡-ambn \ne-\n¿Øn. icoAØv _n√v,hJ^v _n√v XpS-ßnb apkven-wIsf am{Xw _m[n-°p∂ Nne {]tXyI _n√p-Iƒ Kh¿sa‚n-s\-s°m≠v At±lw AwKo-Ic - n-∏n-®p.

{it≤-bamw hn[w hnZym-`ym-k-cwØv {]h¿Øn®v apkvenw bmYmÿn-Xn-IXsb At±lw ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Øn. hnZym-`ymkhnj-b-ØntIcf apkvenwI-fn¬ ImWp∂ D’m-l-Øn\p ]n∂n¬ koXn kmln_p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Bephm tImtf-Pv, ae-∏pdw Kh.-kvIqƒ, sh´Øv ]pXnb-ßmSn tKƒkv sslkvIqƒ,- ^mdqJv tImtf-Pv, Xe-t»cn ap_m-dIv sslkvIqƒ Xp-S-ßnb ÿm]-\-ß-fpsS hf¿®-bpsS ]n∂n¬ koXn kmln-_ns‚ i‡-amb ]n≥_-e-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. hnZym-`ymk kw_-‘ambn apkvenwIƒ°v [mcm-f-ambn B\p-Iq-ey-߃ e`n-°m≥ {]h¿Øn® koXn kmln_v apkvenwkvIqfnse ]mTy]≤-Xn-bn¬ \n∂v aX-]-T\w \o°w sNbvXp If™t∏mgpw hnZym-`ymk]c-ambn apkvenwIƒ°v \¬In-h∂ t{]m¬km-l-\m-\p-Iq-ey-߃ ]n≥h-en-°-s∏-´-t∏mgpw B \S]-Sn-Iƒs°-Xnsc i‡-ambn \ne-sIm-≠p. apkvenw hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ°v kvtImf¿jn∏p \¬Ip-∂-Xn-\mbn G¿s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏´ lp ≥ Imknw ZmZm {SÃns‚ ÿm]-I-cn¬ Hcm-fm-bn-cp∂p koXn kmln-_v. tIm¨{K- n-eqsS-bm-bn-cp∂p At±-l-Øns‚ cm{„ob {]th-i-sa-¶nepw apkvenweoKns‚ Bh-iy-IX a\- n-em-°n-b-t∏mƒ B {]ÿm-\-Øn\p th≠n PohnXw ka¿∏n-®p. At±-l-Øns‚ kz`m-h-Kp-W-ß-sf-∏‰n Cu ]pkvX-I-ØnB_phpw hni-Z-ambn ]d-bp-∂p-≠v. F∂pw aX-\n-jvT-\m-bn-cp∂ At±lw Zpcm- N m- c - ß ƒs°- X nsc apkv e nwIƒ°n- S - b n¬ \n∂p- s Im- ≠ p- X s∂ {]h¿Øn-®n-´p-≠v. Nmh-Sn-b-¥n-c-sØ ]mc-º-cy-am-bn-Øs∂ FXn¿Ø IpSpw-_-am-bn-cp∂p At±-l-Øn-s‚-Xv. apkvenweoKns‚ apJ]{X-ambn "N{µn-Isb' hf¿Øn-sb-SpØ At±lw B t]cn-¬-Xs∂ Hcp hmcnI XpS-ßp-∂X - nepw AXn-\mbn "apkvenw {]n‚nwKv B‚ v ]ªn-jnwKv Iº\n' ÿm]n-°p-∂X - nepw apJy]¶phln-®p. \mim-flI - hpw B]¬°-ch - p-amb Np‰p-]m-Sp-I-fn¬ \n∂v kap-Zm-bsØ c£n®v apkvenw kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ Ign-hp-Iƒ amXr-cm-Py-Øns‚ `{Z-Xbv°pw ]ptcm-KX - nbv°pw D]-tbm-Ks - ∏Sp-Øp-∂X - n\v At±lw Pohn-XI - mew apgp-h≥ {]b-Xv\n-®p. AXp-sIm-≠mWv ""]X-dmØ ]mZ-ßt- fmSpw NnX-dmØ NnØ-tØm-Spw- IqSn am∏n-fkap-ZmbsØ \bn-°p∂ B t\Xm-hn-s‚ \ - maw am∏n-fa - m¿°v Bthiw \¬Ip∂-sX∂v ]pkvXI - Ø - ns‚ sNdp Ah-Xm-cn-Ib - n¬ kn.-F®v Fgp-Xn-bX - v.

Ah-cpsS kmap-Zm-bn-Ihpw cmjv{Sob]chpw kmº-Øn-Ihpw kmaq-ln-Ihp-amb Ncn-{X-Øns‚ H´-[nIw A[ym-bß - ƒ B c≠-£cw Dƒs°m-≈p∂-Xmbn kn.-F®v apl-ΩZv tImb ASn-hc - b - n´v ]d-™n-´p-≠v. koXn-km-ln-_n-s\-°p-dn®p≈ B_p-hns‚ Cu sNdp]pkvX-IØns‚ Zu¿_- e y- ß - f n- s em∂v Ncn- { X- c - N - \ °v A\p- t bm- P y- a - √ mØ Bthiw B_p Nnte-S-ß-fn¬ {]I-Sn-∏n-°p-∂psh-∂-Xm-Wv.

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"alm-∑m-cpsS Ip´n-°mew' Fs∂mcp ]pkvXIw B_p Fgp-Xn-bn-´p≠v. sNdnb Ip´n-Iƒ°pw hen-bh¿°pw {]tbm-P\w sNøp∂ ]pkvXI-am-Wn-Xv. Km‘n-Pn,- ]-t´¬, -Sm-tKm¿, -s\-lvdp ˛ Ch-cpsS Ip´n-°m-eamWv ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ sXfn-bp-∂-Xv. Ip´n-°m-eØv, kvIqfn¬ ]Tn-°p∂ ka-bØv A[ym-]I - \ - n¬ \n∂p In´nb k¿´n-^n-°‰v CXm-bn-cp-∂p. ""Fs‚ kpZo¿L-amb Pohn-X-Im-e-Øn-\n-Sbv°v C{X-tØmfw _p≤n-iq-\y-\mb Hcp _mes\ Rm≥ Hcn-°epw I≠n-´n-√.'' Km‘n-Pnsb Ipdn-®p≈ Cu \nco-£Ww \ap°v hniz-kn-°m-\m-hp-∂n-s√-¶nepw CXv Hcp kXy-amWv F∂v B_p ]d- b p- ∂ p. Bdmw hb- n¬ t]m¿_- ¥ - d nse Hcp {KmaoWhnZy- e - b - Ø n¬ sh®v In´nb k¿´n- ^ n- ° - ‰ m- W n- X v . A∂v taml≥Zmkv e÷m-ephpw -a-µ-_p-≤n-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p. as‰mcp A≤ym-]-I≥ Cßs\ Biz-kn-∏n-®Xpw ]pkvX-I-Øn-ep-≠v: "a‰p Ip´n-I-fn¬ \n∂v hyXy-kvX-\mWv \osb∂pw Ah-cp-ambn Xmc-X-ay-s∏-Sp-Ø-tºmƒ ]e {]tXy- I - X - I fpw \n\- ° p- s ≠∂pw kptim- ` - \ - a mb `mhn- b psS hnimeIhmSw \n\°p th≠n- Xp-d∂p InS-°p-∂p-'sh∂pw B A≤ym]-I≥ ]d-bp-I-bp-≠m-bn. A[ym-]-Is‚ kvt\l-`-cn-Xhpw kzX-{¥hpamb s]cp-am-‰hpw \b-k-{º-Zm-b-ßfpw taml≥Zm-kns‚ lrZ-bsØ Ipfn¿∏n-®p. taml≥Zmkv sslkvIqƒ hnZym¿∞n-bm-bn-cp∂ ImeØv kvIqƒ C≥kvs]-Œ¿ sKbn¬kv sslkvIqƒ ]cn-tim-[-\bv°v h∂p. taml≥Zm-kns‚ ¢mkn¬ tIs´-gpØp ]co-£-bmWv \S-∂-Xv. F√m Ip´n-Ifpw C≥kvs]-Œ¿ ]d™ hm°p-Iƒ IrXy-ambn Fgp-Xn-sb-¶nepw taml≥Zm- k n\v Ign- ™ n- √ . kwKXn a\- n- e m- ° nb A≤ym- ] - I ≥

ASpØ Ip´n-bpsS t…‰n¬ t\m°n ]I¿Øp sIm≈m≥ B hnZy¿∞n°v ]e XhW IÆp sIm≠v kqN\ \¬In. F∂m¬ taml≥Zmkv A[ym]-Is\ A\p-k-cn-®n-√. Is´-gp-Xp∂ Ip´n F∂ hnti-j-W-tØ-°mƒ A{]m-]vX-\mb Ip´n-bmbn \ne-sIm-≈m-\mWv taml≥Zmkv Xocp-am-\n®-Xv. t£{X-K-WnXw Ah\v a\- n-em-°m≥ henb _p≤n-ap-´m-bn-cp-∂p. ]pkvXI hmb-\-bnepw X¬]-c-\m-bn-cp-∂n-√. lcn-›{µ\mSIw taml≥Zmkn¬ henb kzm[o-\-ap-≠m-°n. lcn-›-{µ-s‚ kXy-k-‘X kzPohn-X-Øn-te°v ]I¿Øn-sb-Sp-∏m≥ B _me≥ lrZb]q¿∆w B{K-ln®p. taml≥Zmkv Ifn-bnepw X¬]-c-\√m-bn-cp-∂p. hnhmlw \S-Øp∂ Imcy-Ønepw A≤ym-]-I-cm¬ ]cn-l-kn-°-s∏-Sp-I-bp-≠m-bn. ]Tn-°p∂ ImeØpw A√mØ ka-bØpw Iq´p-Imsc sXsc-s™-Sp-°p-∂-Xnt]mepw taml≥Zm- k n\v kz¥- a mb Imgv N - ∏ m- S p- I - f p- ≠ m- b n- c p- ∂ p. taml≥Zmkv kplr- Ø ns‚ t{]c- W - b m¬ amwk`£Ww Ign® Imcyhpw B_p hni-Z-am-°n-bn-´p-≠v. IpSpw-_-I-e-l-ap-≠m-bXpw ]pI-hen-®Xpw hnh-cn-°p-∂p-≠v. Bfl-lXysNøp-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v Nn¥n-®Xpw ]pkvX-I-Øn-ep-≠v. ]Tn-°p∂ ImeØv k¿Zm¿ h√-`mbn ]t´¬ hnIr-Xn-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

AtX-k-abw hgn-bn¬ InS-°p∂ \S-∂p-t]m-Ip-∂-h¿°v _p≤n-ap-´p-≠m°p∂ hkvXp-°sf Zqsc hen-s®-dn-bp-∂Xv ]t´-ens‚ kz`m-h-ambn-cp∂p. amXm-]n-Xm-°-fn¬ \n∂mWv _me-\mb ]t´en\v kmaqlnI tkh\ XmXv]cyw e`y-am-b-Xv. Ip´n-°m-eØv Bscbpw D]-{Z-hn-®n-√,- ]-cn-l-kn®n-√. NoØ Iq´p-sI-´n¬ s]´n-√. ]Tn-∏nepw Ifn-bnepw X¬]-c-\m-bn-cp∂p. A≤ym-]-Is‚ A[-a-amb \n¿t±-i-߃ AwKo-I-cn-®Xpan-√. kz¥ambn sNøm-hp∂ {]hrØn-Iƒ sNøm≥ as‰m-cmsf ImØp-\n-∂n-√.

Xs‚ ico-c-L-S-\bv°pw ]n¬°m-e-Øp-≠mb PohnX hnIm-k-Øn\pw ImcWw Ip´n-°m-e-Øp-≠mb A\p-`-hßfmsW∂pw ]t´¬ Fgp-Xn-bn´p-≠v.

SmtKm-dns‚ A©m-asØ tPyjvT-\mb tPymXn{µ-\m-Y-Sm-tKm-dm-Wv sIm®-\p-Ps\ hf¿Øn-s°m≠p-h-cm≥ Ah-k-tcm-NnXw ]cn-{i-an-®-Xv. tPymXo{µ _m_p-hns‚ kvt\lakrWamb t- {]m-’m-l\ - ß - ƒ e`n-®ncp-∂n-s√-¶n¬ F∂nse Ihn-Xm-hm-k\ hgn-ap´n \in®p t]mIp-am-bn-cp-∂psh∂pw Fs‚ `mhn tPymXn- ‰ - X - mbnØocp-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw alm-Ihn ]d-™n-´p-≠v. ISpØ \nb-{¥-Wß - ƒ A\p-`h - n-®mWv SmtKm¿ hf¿∂Xv. \√ `£-Wtam \√ DSp-∏p-Itfm R߃°v e`n-®n-cp-∂n-√. Ioi-bp≈ Ip∏mbw [cn-°m≥ Rm≥ ]e-t∏mgpw B{K-ln-®n-´p-≠v. ]s£ Fs‚ Bi A°m-eØv Hcn-°epw ^e-{]-Za - m-bn´n√. SmtKm¿ ]d-bp-∂p. kz¿§ob kpJ-ßt- fm-Sp IqSn-bXmbm-bn-cp∂p Ph-l¿emens‚ _meyIm-ew. C¥y≥ [m{Xn-am¿°v ]pdta bqtdm-]y≥ Bb-amcpw inip-hns‚

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]cn-N-c-W-Øn-\mbn D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. \neØp sh®m¬ Ddp-º-cn-°pw Xebn¬ sh®m¬ t]\-cn-°pw F∂ a´n-em-bn-cp-∂p B Ip™ns\ hf¿Øns°m≠p h∂-Xv. Cu Ip´n-bmWv ]n∂oSv C¥y-bnse Ip´n-I-fpsS Nm®m Bb-Xv. Hmtcm hy‡nbpw GsX√mw kml-N-cy-ß-fn-eq-sS-bmWv hf¿∂p-hcp-∂-sX∂pw Fßn-s\-bmWv Ah¿ hen-b-h-cm-bn-Øo¿∂-sX∂pw ]Tn°m≥ CØcw Ncn{XcN-\-Iƒ \sΩ klm-bn°p-∂p. ]Tn®p hf-cp∂ Ip´n-Iƒ°v Cu ]pkvXIw Xß-fpsS Pohn-XsØ cq]-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ Hcp ]cn-[n-hsc klm-b-I-am-Ipw. henb a\p-jy-cnse "sNdpa'Xncn-®-dn-bm\pw AXp hgn Pohn-X-Øns‚ sshhn-[y-߃ a\- n-em-°m\pw klm-bn-°p∂ IrXn-bmWv B_p-hns‚ "alm-∑m-cpsS Ip´n-°m-ew.' *****

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Dss_Zpw B_phpw am∏n-f-∏m´p {]ÿm-\-Ønse Ihn-{Xbw F∂v hnti-jn-∏n-°m-hp-∂h-cmWv Dss_Zpw H.-B-_p-hpw ]p∂-bq¿°pfw _m∏p-hpw. Cu aq∂v {]Xn-`m-im-en-I-sf-°p-dn®v Ct∏mgpw Imcyam{X{]k-‡-amb ]T-\-߃ \S-∂n-´n-√. Dss_Zpw B_p-amjpw XΩn-ep≠m-bn-cp∂ kulr-Z-Øns‚ H∂m-¥-c-samcp sXfn-hmWv ssZh-Øns‚ a\p-jy≥ F∂ B_p-hns‚ IrXn°v Dss_Zv Fgp-Xnb Ah-Xm-cn-I. Cu Ah-Xm-cn-I-bn¬ Dss_Zv am∏n-f-∏m-´p-I-fpsS ]q¿∆-Imealn-a-tbbpw ]n¬°m-e-Øp-≠mb A]-Nb-sØbpw hni-Z-am-°p-∂p-≠v. am∏n-f-∏m-´p-Iƒ ssIc-fn-bpsS X\Xv kºØm-sW-¶nepw ASp-Ø-Imew hsc AXv s]mXp {i≤-bn¬ s]´n-cp-∂n√. ]n∂oSv AXn\v am‰w h∂p. Fgp-Øp-Im-cp-sSbpw \ncq-]-I-cp-sSbpw am[y-a-ß-fp-sSbpw {]iw-kbv°v ]m{Xo-`q-X-ambn Xo¿∂p. am∏n-f-∏m-´pIƒ cNn-°pIbpw \∂mbn Bkz-Zn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ Hcp ]pXnb Xeapd h∂p. CXp ssIc-fn-bpsS hrØ-k-ºØv h¿≤n-∏n-®p. ]s£ Nne am∏n-f-∏m´p cN-bn-Xm-°-fn-eqsS Nne ]m´p-Iƒ°v D±n„ hrØ-ß-fn\n∂v hyXn-N-en-t°-≠n-h∂ Zpc-¥-ß-fp-ap-≠m-bn. Cu ]›m-Ø-e-Øn\n∂p sIm≠mWv B_p-hns‚ "ssZh-Øns‚ a\p-jy≥' F∂ IrXnsb Dss_Zv ImWp-∂-Xv. D¬]-Xn-jvWphmb Ihn, hn{ip-Xns]‰ -Xq-en-ImIm-c≥ F∂o \ne-I-fn¬ `mjmkmlnXytemIØv kp{]-XnjvT e`n® Bfm-bn-´mWv Dss_Zv B_p-hns\ ImWp-∂-Xv. B_p-hns\ A\p-hm-NI¿°v ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-Sp-t°-≠-Xn-√. ImcWw hmb-\-°m¿°v A{X60

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H.-B_p

I≠v kp]-cn-Nn-X-\mWv At±-lw. B_p-hns‚ Ihn-Xm-k-am-lm-c-Øn\v Ah-Xm-cnI Fgp-Xm-\p≈ tbmKyX X\n-°n√ F∂pw Dss_Zv hn\o-X\m-hp-∂p. am∏n-f-∏m´p {]ÿm-\hpw B_pkmln-_p-am-bp≈ _‘-Øns‚ ]g°w FSpØp ]d™p sIm≠v B Km\-ß-fpsS A\p-]-a-amb am[pcn-bn¬ BIr-„\pw Bhn-„-\p-am-bn B_p Fgp-Xnb ]m´p-Isf Dss_Zv {]iw-kn-°p-∂p. am∏n-f-∏m´p kmln-Xy-Ønse I¿Æm-\µ-I-c-amb coXnIsf A\p- I - c n- ° pI am{X- a √ AXnse {]tXyI ssien- I - s fbpw XXv`h]Z-ß-sfbpw a‰pw AtX]Sn ]m´p-I-fn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°pI IqSn sNtø≠XmsW-∂p≈ A`n-{]m-b-°m-c-\mWv B_p-sh∂pw AX-\p-kcn®v Cu kam-lm-c-Ønse Km\-ß-fn¬ ae-bm-fn-I-fn¬ Hcp hn`mKw Ft∏mgpw D]-tbm-Kn®p hcp∂ Ad-_n-hm-°p-Ifpw {Kmay]Z-ßfpw \qX\{]tbmKk{º-Zm-b-ßfpw ImWm-sa∂pw CXns\ FXn¿°p-∂hcp≠m-bmepw `mjm-`n-hr-≤n°v D]-I-cn-°p∂ AØcw ]Z-ß-sfbpw ssienI-sfbpw kmln-Xy-Øn-te°v kzmKXw sNtø-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂p-amWv A`n-{]m-b-sa∂pw Dss_Zv kΩ-Xn-°p-∂p. B_p-hns‚ Cu [oc-Xsb Dss_Zv lrZ-b] - q¿∆w A`n-\µ - n-°p-∂p. F∂m¬ GXp ]ptcm-Ka - \ - Ø - n\pw Imtem-Nn-X-amb ]cn-[nbpw bp‡n kl-amb hyh-ÿbpw th≠n-bn-cn°p-∂Xn\m¬ Ad_n ]Z-ßsfbpw Xangv {]tbm-K-ßsfbpw `mj-bnte°v ]I¿Øp-∂-Xn¬ kmt¶-Xn-I-amb Bh-iy-I-Xbv°v G‰-hp-a-[nIw ]cn-K-W\ \¬tI-≠-Xm-sW-∂p-ap≈ Xs‚ A`n-{]m-bsØ Dss_Zv Bh¿Øn-°p-∂p. CJv_m¬ kmln-Xy-Øn¬ \√ ]cn-Nbw kn≤n-®n´p≈ B_p kmln-_ns‚ Bi-b-߃ ]eXpw kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ achn® lrZ-b-Øn¬ ssNX\yw \¬Im≥ ]cym-]vX-amWv. CXn-\p≈ DZml-c-W-ambn Dss_Zv D≤-cn-°p-∂-Xv: ""J√m-hn≥ ]S-∏mIpw a\pjym \o DW¿∂nt√ s]m√m∏pw ]pX®p \o acn®p t]mtbm?''

F∂ hcn-I-fmWv Cu IrXn-bnse an° Km\-ßfpw hrØ \nb-a߃°-\p-k-cn-®m-b-Xn-\m¬ am∏n-f-∏m-´p-Iƒ cNn-°m≥ B{K-ln-°p∂ bphIhn-Iƒ°v hgn-Im-´n-bmbn Xocp-sa∂pw Dss_Zv Fgp-Xp-∂p. B_p amjn\v Dss_Zv amtjmSv D≠m-bn-cp∂ lrZ-b-_-‘sØ hy‡-am-°p∂ Hcp `mKw Xmsg D≤-cn-°p-∂p. ""am∏n-f-∏m-´p-I-fn-te°v hna¿i-I-cp-sSbpw kmln-Xy-Im-c-∑m-cp-sSbpw Ihn-I-fp-sSbpw a‰p Iem-Im-c-∑m-c-S-°-ap≈ tIc-fob _lp-P-\-Øn-s‚bpw {i≤sb BI¿jn-°p-hm≥ Bflm¿∞ambn ]cn-{i-an-°p-∂ tIc-f-Ønse Xe-sb-Sp-∏p≈ Hcp kmlnXyImc-

\mWv Dss_-Zv. ]pØ≥ Xe-apd am∏n-f-∏m-´p-I-sf-°p-dn®v tI´Xp Xs∂ At±-l-Øn¬ \n∂m-Wv. am∏n-f-∏m-´p-I-sf-°p-dn®v A`n-{]mbw ]dbm≥ F√mw sIm≠pw A¿l-Xbp≈ Hcp hy‡n-bmWv Dss_Zv amjv.''

PmXn aX t`Z-at\y am∏n-f∏ - m-´ns‚ am[pcyw Bkz-Zn-°p∂ Hcp klrZbtemIw \ap- ° p- ≠ m- h p- ∂ - X n\v ]n∂n¬ {]h¿Øn® c≠p kmlnXy\mb-I-∑m¿ Dss_Zpw B_p-hp-am-sW∂v kn.-F®v.ap-l-ΩZv tImb Fgp-Xo-´p-≠v. Dss_Zv amjp-am-bn-´p-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xp-t]mse cm{„ob ASp-∏hpw kvt\l-_-‘-ßfpw B_p-hp-am-bn´v X\n°v D≠m-bn-cp-∂n√ F∂pw F¶nepw At±-l-Øns‚ Fgp-Øp-I-fn-eqsS Icp-Øp‰ Xqen-ImIm-cs\ Xm≥ ]cn-N-b-s∏-´n-´p-s≠∂pw kn.-F®v Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v. CJv_mens‚ Nn¥-Iƒ ae-bm-f-Øn¬ {]N-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn\v kp{]-[m\ ]¶p hln®, At\Iw Ckvem-anI{KŸ-߃ ae-bm-f-Ønte°p X¿÷a sNbvX, Ad_nae-bmfkmlnXyNcn{Xw F∂ D¬Ir„{KŸw ssIcfn°v kw`m-h\ sNbvX, \m¬]-tXmfw IrXn-Iƒ Fgp-Xnb B_p, Hcmbp- j v I mew apgp- h ≥ Fgp- X m≥ th≠n \o°n- s h® B_p Hcp kmlnXyX]ky Xs∂-bmWv \n¿∆-ln-®-sX∂v kn.-F®v Is≠-Øn-bn´p-≠v.

Ad_nae-bmfkmlnXyimJ-bpsS hf¿®bv°v PohnXw ka¿∏n® Dss_-Zn\pw B_p-hn-\pw klr-ZbtemIw s]m∂mS Nm¿Øn BZ-cn-®n´p-≠v. KZyhpw ]Zy-hp-am-bn-cp∂p c≠p-t]-cp-sSbpw Bhn-jvImc am[y-a߃. ho£-W-ß-fn¬ hyXy-kvX-X-Iƒ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶nepw Ccp-hcp-sSbpw e£yw H∂m-bn-cp-∂p. c≠p-t]cpw Kth-j-I-cm-bn-cp-∂p. am∏n-fkm-lnXyw, am∏n-f-∏m´v hrØ߃ F∂nh Dss_Zv amjns‚ KthjWhnj-b-ß-fm-bn-cp-∂p. B_p-hns‚ Ad_nae-bmfkmlnXyNcn{Xw auen-IX Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sm-hp∂ Hcp IrXn Xs∂. AØ-c-samcp ]T\w AXn\v aptºm ]ntºm Bcpw Fgp-Xn-bn-´n-√. c≠p-t]cpw ]{X-{]-h¿ØI¿ IqSn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. hnh¿Ø\w c≠p-t]-cp-sSbpw X]-kym-k-am-\-amb {]hrØn -X-s∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p. inh-cm-aImc-¥ns‚ ""-a-d-fn-a-ÆnsK'' (a-Ænte°v aS-ßn), Ipam-c-\m-ims‚ hoW-]q-hv(]Xn-X]pjv]) XpS-ßnb {]kn≤IrXn- I ƒ Dss_Zv hnh¿Ø\w sNbv X p. B_p amjns‚ hnh¿Ø\taJe Ckvem-anIkmln-Xy-am-bn-cp-∂p. Ch-sb-°p-dn®v Hcp {]tXyI ]T\w Xs∂ Cu ]pkvX-I-Øn-ep-≠v. tUm.-ap-l-ΩZv CJv_mc≠p-t]-cp-sSbpw {]nb-s∏´ Ihn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. CJv_m-ens‚ {]ikvX IrXn-bmb Bh-em-Xnbpw adp-]-Snbpw Dss_Zv amjv hnh¿Ø\w sNbvXp. Jnkvsd dmlv, -ssZ-h-Øns‚ a\p-jy≥ XpS-ßn-bh B_p-hns‚ Cu cwKsØ hnh¿Ø-\-ß-fm-Wv. c≠p-t]-cpw Ihn-Ifpw am∏n-f-∏m´v cN-bnXm-°fp-am-bn-cp-∂p. Dss_-Zns‚ Xnc-s™-SpØ Ihn-X-Iƒ F≥.-_n.-Fkv ]t≠ {]kn-≤o-I-cn-®n-´p-≠v. B_p amjpw Ihn-Xz-ap≈ ]m´p-Iƒ Fgp-

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H.-B_p

Xn-bn-´p-≠v. Poh-N-cn{XimJ B_p amjn\pw Dss_-Zn\pw C„-s∏´ kmlnXytaJ-e-bm-bn-cp-∂p. amen-°p-±o-\m¿, Jmkn a¿lqw -A-–p√ lmPn, apl-Ω-Zv si-dq¬ Xp-S-ßn-bh Dss_Zv Fgp-Xnb Poh-N-cn{X{KŸß-fm-Wv. enbm-JØv Aen-Jm≥, koXn-km-ln-_v, Camw K m-en XpSßn-bh B_p-hns‚ Cu cwKsØ kw`m-h-\-I-fm-Wv. *****

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B_p sshNn-{Xy-ß-fpsS Bƒcq]w Adp-]-Øn-\mev h¿jw \o≠ Bbp-jvIm-e-Øn¬ \m¬]-Ø©p h¿jhpw Fgp-Øn¬Øs∂ apgp-Inb hntijw H.-B-_p-hns‚ Pohn-XØn-\p-≠v. ae-bm-fw,- ln-µn,- Cw-•o-jv, D¿Zp, Ad-_n,- kw-kvIrXw F∂o `mj-Iƒ Adn-bmw. A[ym-]-I≥, Kpa-kvX≥, -I-®-h-S-°m-c≥,- ]-´m-f-ØnZzn`m-jn,- K-th-j-I≥, -am-∏n-f-∏m´p cN-bn-Xm-hv, Poh-N-cn-{X-Im-c≥, -{io-\mcm-bWKpcp-t{]-an,- C-kvem-anIXØz-Nn-¥-I≥,- hn-h¿Ø-I≥,- ]-{X-{]h¿Ø-I≥,- kq-^o-a-\-ÿn-Xn-°m-c≥,- I-Ym-Ir-Øv,- \m-S-I-c-N-bnXmhv, -Ihn,- C-Jv_m¬ ]Tn-Xm-hv, `mj-bnepw `mjm-im-kv{X-Ønepw ]fin-X≥,tem-lym-tkm-jy-en-Ãv, "^nJvlv' ]fin-X≥, A‘-hn-izm-k-߃°pw A\m-Nm-c-߃°pw kv{Xo[\k{º-Zm-b-Øn-\p-sa-Xnsc \nc-¥-c-ambn t]mcm-Snb hnπ-h-Im-cn, kzmX{¥yka-c-tk-\m-\n, am∏nfIem]finX≥˛Cßs\ Pohn-X-Øns‚ \m\mXpd-I-fn¬ {]h¿Øn®p. aq¿t°mØv Ipam-cs‚ kmlnXykZ- nse {]apJmwKw, Ncn{X-Im-c-\mb ]n.-F.skbvZp apl-Ω-Zns‚ {]nb-s∏´ kplrØv, c≠p Nmb hmßn-°m≥ Ignhn-√m-ØXp sIm≠v H∂p hmßn D‰-tXm-g-\mb IcpWm-I-c≥ amjp-ambn ]¶n´ kulr-Z-Øns‚ DS-a, Nmb ]m\o-b-am-bn-´√ `£-W-ambn Ign® a\p-jy≥˛Cß-s\bpw B_p-hns‚ Pohn-X-Øn\p At\Iw {]tXy-I-XI-fp-≠v.- GXp ka-b-Øpw Nmb, F{X ISp-∏-Ønepw ck-Ønepw Nmb-˛A-Xp sIm-≠mImw D® `£Ww At±lw Nmb-bn¬ HXp-°p-∂-Xv. ASpØp hcp- ∂ - h - s c- s b√mw k¬°- c n- ° pw. GXv A`n{]m- b - ß fpw tIƒ°pw. X\n°v C„-s∏-SmØ A`n-{]mbw Bcn¬ \n∂p-≠m-bmepw 64

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H.-B_p

FXn¿°pw. B_p amjns‚ F√m A`n-{]m-b-ßfpw icn-h-bv°m≥ B¿.F-kv.-{]`p F∂ kplrØv D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. B_p-hns‚ `mjm-K-thjW{]b-Xv\-ß-fn-se√mw {]`p-hns‚ klm-bhpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Ah¿ XΩn¬ I≠p ap´mØ Znh-k-߃ \t∂ Ipd-hm-bn-cp-∂p. B_p-hn-t\msSm∏w Ad_nae-bm-f-Øns‚ thcp-I-ƒ tXSn-t∏mb {]`p kmc-kzX {_m“-W¿°p th≠n Hcp FgpØp`mj F∂ Bi-b-Øn¬ FØnt®¿∂n-cp-∂p. B_p-hns‚ Cw•o-jv, D¿Zp, ]m¿ko-Ir-Xn-I-fpsS X¿÷a-I-fn¬ {]`phpw Icp-Wm-I-c≥ amjpw apl-ΩZv l\o^v aue-hnbpw klm-bn-®n-cp-∂p. Icp-Wm-Ic - ≥ amjn\v ]m¿kn, D¿Zp ]mfinXyw l\o^v aue-hn°v Ad_n, D¿Zp `mj-I-fn¬ ]mfinXyw {]`p-hn\v Cw•o-jv,- kwkvIr-Xw,-A-d_nae-bmfw F∂o `mj-I-fn¬ {]mho-Wyw.- C-h-cp-tSXv Hcp ]finXkZ v Xs∂-bm-bncp-∂p.- Nn-{X-Im-c\mb Icp-Wm-I-c≥ amÿ°v CJv_m¬, Pem-ep-±o≥ dqan, Ha¿Jømw F∂n-h-sc-°p-dn®v henb Adnhp-≠m-bncp∂p. ""B_phpw {]`phpw Icp-Wm-I-c≥ amÃdpw H‰bv°v \n¬°p-tºmƒ kwkm-cn-°mØ A¤pXPohn-I-fmtb A\y¿°v tXm∂pI-bp-≈q. aqhcpw Hcp-an-°p-tºm-gm-hs´ `b-¶c H®-∏m-Spw. B _l-f-Ønte°v Bsc-¶nepw Ib-dn-s®-∂m¬ ]ns∂ iva-im\aqI-X.'' (Im° hnf°-√, s]t{Sm-amIvkv F∂ A_q ap_m-d-°ns‚ teJ-\w) temK≥ kmbv∏ns‚ kvamc-I-amb temK≥kv tdmUnse amfnIapIfn-em-bn-cp∂p B_p-hns‚ in¬]-im-e. ]fin-X-∑mcpw ]ma-c-∑mcpw AhnsS hcpw.- t\m-´o-kp-Iƒ Xøm-dm-°m≥, lc-Pn-Iƒ Fgp-Xn-°m≥,-At]£mt^md-߃ ]qcn-∏n-°m≥... Aßs\ ]e-Xn-\pw. Nne-t∏mƒ B_p amÿ Fgp-Xnb t\m´o-kn-\p≈ adp-]Sn t\m´okv Fgp-Xn-s°m-Sp-°p∂Xpw At±lw Xs∂-bm-bn-cn-°pw. cmhnse F´p-a-Wn°v h∂v cm{Xn F´p-a-Wn°v t]mIp-∂-Xn-\n-S-bn¬ D®-`-£-W-an-√. hni-°m-™n-´m-sW∂v ]d-bpw. kXyw AXm-hm≥ hgn-bn-√. ]Icw Nmb-bp-≠t√m. temK≥kv tdmUnse hmSIapdn°v IpSn-»nI IqSn h∂-t∏mƒ Sn.kn tdmUnse as‰mcp apdn-bn-te°p amdn. Ahn-sSbpw kmº-ØnIw {]iv\-am-b-t∏mƒ kz¥w ho´n-te°v Xs∂ Dƒh-en-™p. amfn-I-I-fn-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂ ka-bØpw sagp-Ip-Xncn sh´-Øn-em-bn-cp∂p anI® IrXn-I-fp-sS-sb√mw cN-\.

Ip∏mbw Ducn-sh-®m¬ am{Xw Fgp-Xm≥ Ign-™n-cp∂ amjv XpSßn-bXv Xo¿Øn´p am{Xta Fgp-t\¬°p-I-bp-≈q. aqUv amdn-bm¬ ssien amdn-t∏m-Ip-∂XpsIm≠m-Ws{X Aßns\ sNøp-∂-Xv. AXn¬ Xo¿®bmbpw Hcp Xncn-®-dnhv D≠v. aq¿t°mØv Ipam-cs‚ IrXn-I-ƒ At±lw ]d-™p-sIm-Sp-°p-Ibpw B_p Fgp-Xp-Ibpw sNøp∂ \mfp-I-fp-≠m-bncp-∂p. cm{Xn-bpsS GIm-¥-Xbpw \n»-–-Xbpw Fgp-Øn\v {]tNm-Z-\-amIp-sa∂ hnizmkw B_p-hn-\p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Dd-°-sam-gn-s®-gp-Xp-I, tSmƒtÃm-bn-sb-t∏mse F∂ kn≤m-¥hpw B_p-hn-\p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

A\m-tcmKyw D≠m-b-t∏mƒ am{XamWv shfn-®-Øn-cp∂v Fgp-Xn-b-Xv. B_p-hns‚ Fgp-Øn-t\m-Sp≈ Bflm¿∞-Xbv°pw A¿∏Wat\m`m-h-Øn\pw DZm-l-c-W-amb Hcp kw`hw B-_p-hn-s\-°p-dn®v Fgp-Xn-bh-sc√mw Hcp t]mse Bh¿Øn-°p-∂p-≠v. apl-ΩZv \_n-bpsS sshZyap-d-Isf kw_-‘n® ]pkvX-I-amb "Xn∫p-∂_n' X¿÷a sNbvXp sIm≠n-cns° D¿Zp-hn-ep≈ "InkvXv _lcn' F∂ acp-∂ns‚ t]cv aebm-f-Øn-em°m≥ B ]ZØns‚ A¿∞w tXSn Bdp-am-k-°mew H∂pw Fgp-Xm-Xn-cp∂ Imcy-am-WXv. `qan- D-cp-≠X - m-sW∂pw ]c-∂X - m-sW∂pw hmZn-°p-∂h - t- cmSv Hcp t]mse Ie-ln® B_p-amjv KpkvXn ImWp-∂X - nepw AXn-s\-∏‰n Fgp-Xp-∂X - nepw AXoh X¬]-c\ - m-bn-cp-∂p. Np‰p-ap-≈h - sc G‰-hp-a[ - nIw ASp-∏n-°m\pw AI‰m\pw At±-lØ - n\v Ign-™n-cp-∂p. GIm-¥X C„-s∏´ Cu a\p-jy\v kzImcy IØp-Is - f-gp-Xp-∂X - n¬ lcw Xs∂ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ae-bm-fØnse {]kn≤t\mh-en-Ãm-bn-cp∂ tIi-h-tZ-hn-s\-t∏mse F¥n-s\bpw GXn-s\bpw FXn¿°p-I Hcp B_p hntijX Xs∂-bmbn-cp-∂p. apI-fn¬ ]cm-a¿in-®Xp t]mse Cw•-≠n¬ `qan ]c-∂-Xm-sW∂v hniz-kn-°p∂ kwL-ap-s≠∂v tI´m¬ aXn `qan Dcp-≠-Xm-sW∂v hnizkn-°p∂htcmSpw FXn¿∏v {]I-Sn-∏n-°pw. ]e-t∏mgpw Aßs\ sNøp∂Xv Hcp ck- Ø n\p th≠n- b p- a m- b n- c n- ° pw. amdn- s °m- ≠ n- c n- ° p∂ imkv{Xob kn≤m-¥-ßsf sXfn-hn\p th≠n \ncØn sh°p-Ibpw sNøpw.'' (A_q ap_m-d-°ns‚ teJ-\w) {]kwKthZn-tbmSv F∂pw AI∂p \n∂-bm-fmWv B_p-am-jv. PohnX-Øn¬ c≠p XhW am{Xta At±lw {]kwKthZn-bn¬ Ib-dn-bn-´p≈q F∂mWv Nne-cpsS IW-s°-Sp-∏n¬ ImWp-∂X - v. H∂v Xe-t»-cn-bn¬ sh®mWv. c≠m- a - t ØXv sIm®n- b n¬ s]m∂mS kzoI- c n- ° m\pw. kwKoX\mSIA°m-Zan Ahm¿Uv G‰p-hmßn Xe-t»-cn-bn¬ Xncn-s®Øp-tºmƒ h≥ kzoI-cWw \¬Im≥ Hcp°w Iq´n-b-h-tcmSv ]tØm-]Xn-\t©m kplr-Øp-°-fpsS CS-bn¬ am{Xta {]kw-Kn-°p-I-bp-≈q-sh∂v At±lw iTn-®p. B {]kw-K-am-Is´ \µn F∂ H‰-hm-°n-sem-Xp-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. kwKoX\mSIA°m-Zan Ahm¿Uv G‰p-hm-ßm≥ sIm®n-bn-seØp∂ B_p-hns\ kzoI-cn-°m≥ FdWm-Ipfw dbn¬thtÃj-\nhºn® Hcp°w Iq´p-∂p-sh∂v a\- n-em-°nb B_p AXn¬ \n∂p c£s∏Sm\mbn Bep-hm-bn-en-dßn sIm®n-bn-se-Ønb kw`-hhpw kplr-Øp°ƒ ]d-bp-∂p-≠v. Ahm¿Uv kzoI-cn-°m≥ t]mbXp Xs∂ Hcp \nhrØn-bp-an-√mØ hn[-Øn¬ kplr-Øp-°fpw A°m-Zan `mc-hm-ln-Ifpw \n¿_-‘n-®Xp aqehpw. {]kw-Kn-°m≥ thZn-bn¬ Ib-dnb c≠p kµ¿`ß-fnepw \µn F∂ hm°pam{Xw ]d™v ]n≥h-en-™p-hs{X. A_q ap_m-d°v as‰mcp kµ¿`w Cßs\ hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-∂p-≠v. ""Xe-t»-cn-

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H.-B_p

bnse Ckvem-anIv sk‚-dn¬ {]_‘w Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂Xv amÿ Xs∂bm-bn-cn-°W-sa∂v Ip´yΩpkmln_v \n¿_‘w ]nSn-®n-cp-∂p. B_p apßn-°-f-bp∂ kz`m-h-sØ-°p-dn®v \∂mbn a\- n-em-°nb Ip´yΩp kmln_v AXp XS-bm≥ c≠p aq∂pt]sc N´w sI´p-Ibpw sNbvXp. ]Xn-hn\p hn]-co-X-ambn amÿ skan-\m-dn¬ ap≥-Iq´n Xs∂ lmP-cmbn. Ip´yΩp kmln-_ns‚ ap∂n¬Øs∂ Ccn-∏p-d-∏n-®p. amÃdpsS {]_‘w sshIp-t∂cw 4.30\v Bbn-cp-∂p. 4.25 hsc AhnsS Ccp∂ amÿ IrXyw A©v an\p´v _m°nbp≈-t∏mƒ [rXn-bn¬ ]pd-tØ°v t]mbv°-f-™p. A[y-£≥ {]_‘w Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn £Wn®-t∏mƒ XmSnbpw IÆ-S-bp-ap≈ Hcp sNdp-∏-°m-c≥ tÃPn¬ Ib-dn-h∂p.

Ip´yΩp kmln-_ns\ t\m°n ]p©n-cn®p sIm≠v {]_‘w `wKn-bmbn hmbn-®p. A∂v {io. F≥.kn aΩq-´nsb B_phmbn ]ecpw sX‰n-≤-cn®n-cp-∂p.'' \µn F∂ hm°n-sem-Xp-°nb {]kw-KsØ A_q -ap-_m-d°v AXn at\m-l-c-ambn Cßs\ Ah-X-cn-∏n-®n-´p-≠v. ""Ahm¿Uv kzoI-cn®v Xe-t»-cn-bn¬ FØnb B_p-am-jn\v kzoI-cWw \evIm-\p≈ Hcp°-߃ ]q¿Øn-bm-bn. ASpØ kplr-Øp-°ƒ am{X-a-S-ßp∂ B kZ n\p apºn¬ Xm≥ Pohn-X-Øn¬ BZy-ambpw Ah-km-\-ambpw kwkmcn-°m-sa∂v amjv G‰p. amjns‚ kw`m-h-\-Isf {]Io¿Øn-®p-sIm≠v {]kw-K-߃ [mcmfw D≠m-bn. HSp-hn¬ amjns‚ Ah-kcw h∂p. F√m IÆp-Ifpw At±-l-Øn¬ tI{µo-I-cn-®p. amjv hnImcw sIm≠v hnd-°pIbm-bn-cp∂p. A\m-tcmKyw sIm≠v Ccp∂v {]kw-Kn-®m¬ aXn-sb∂v ]ecpw ]d-™p. amkv‰¿ AXv hI-sh-°msX Fgp-t∂‰v Hc-ddw apXat‰ A‰w hsc-bp≈ F√m-h-scbpw IÆ-S-°p-≈n-eqsS Hcp an\p´v t\cw t\m°n. Hcp aµ-kvanXw B Np≠p-Iƒ°n-S-bn-eqsS hncn-™pthm F∂v kwi-bw. AXn-\n-Sbv°v {]kwKw kam-]n-®n-cp-∂p. "\µn' Hcp hm°v am{Xw. \m¬]-tXmfw {KŸ-ßfpw \qdp-I-W-°n\v teJ-\ßfpw cNn-®n-´p≈ kmlnXyImcs‚ Pohn-X-Ønse B {]kwKw Hscm‰ hm°n¬ ]cn-an-Xambn'' tIc- f - k w- K oX\mSIA°m- Z - a n- b psS Ahm¿Uv hmßp- ∂ - X nAt±lw X¬]-c-s\m-∂p-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. Ahm¿Uv \¬Ip∂ hnh-cw ]dbm\pw NS- ß n¬ ]s¶- S p- ° - W - s a∂v {]tXyIw £Wn- ° m- \ p- a mbn A∂sØ kwKoX\mSIA°m-Zan sk{I-´dn t\cn´v B_p kmln_ns‚ ho´n¬ hcn-I-bp-≠m-bn. At±-lw tcmKnbm-bn-cp-∂-Xn-\m¬ Xs‚ bm{X-bpsS AXn¿Øn InS∏papdn-bn¬ \n∂v hcm-¥-hsc am{X-am-sW∂p ]d™v Hgn™p amdm\pw {ian-®n-cp-∂p. s]m∂mS Nm¿Ø¬ Hgn-hm°n Ahm¿Uv ChnsS kzoI-cn-®m¬ t]mtc F∂pw At\z-jn-®n-cp-∂p. NSßns‚ hni-Zmw-i-ß-sf√mw Bkq-{XWw sNbvXp-t]m-bXp sIm≠v GXv hnj-aw XcWw sNbvXpw ]cn-]mSn hnP-bn-∏n-°-W-sa∂v A°m-Zan sk{I-

´dn Dkvam≥ kmln_v \n¿_‘w ]nSn-®p. amÃ-dpsS XpWbv°v hcp∂ Bƒ°pw H∂mw-¢mkv s{Sbn≥ Sn-°‰v hmKvZm\w sNbvXp. Ah-km\w Iq´p-Im-cpsS \n¿_-‘hpw {]m¿∞-\bpw \nanØw bm-{Xbv°v hg-ßn.

C°mcyw B_p kvac-Wn-I-bn¬ H.-kp-ss_¿ hni-Zo-I-cn-®n-´p-≠v. At±lhpw kn.Sn _jodpw kl-bm-{Xn-Icm-hm≥ kΩ-Xn-®p. kplr-Øp-°fpsS \n¿_‘w At±-lsØ IÆp-\o-c-Wn-bn-®p. A∂v At±-l-sØ {]ta-lhpw £b-tcm-Khpw Hcp t]mse Ah-i-\m-°n-bn-cp-∂p. Xs‚ adp]Sn {]kwKw At±lw Xøm-dm-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p. \m¬]-tXmfw h¿j-°mew Xm≥ Xmtem-en®p h∂ Bi-b-ßfpw hmZ-ßfpw Af∂p apdn® ]Z-߃ D]-tbm-Kn®v Xøm-dm-°nb {]_-‘-am-bn-cp∂p AXv. {]kwK-Øn¬ hy‡n-]-c-am-b {]iv\-߃ ]ma¿in-°-W-sa∂v kpss_dpw _jodpw \n¿_-‘n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXn\v At±lw ]d™ adp]Sn A\m-tcmKyw IW-°n-se-Sp-°m-sXbpw hnj-a-X-Iƒ kln®pw Xm≥ Cu bm{X sNøp-∂Xv H. B_p-hn\v h√ Ahm¿Upw In´m-\m-bn-cp-∂n√, am∏n-f-∏m-´n\pw Ad_nae-bmfkmln-Xy-Øn\pw e`n°p∂ AwKo-Imcw hmßp-hm≥ th≠n-bm-sW∂v Bbn-cp-∂p. B_p F∂ a\p-jys‚ hn\bhpw \nkzm¿∞-X-bp-amWv AXn-eqsS {]I-S-am-bXv. Ahm¿UpZm\Zn\Øn¬ A°m-Z-an-bpsS D]-Nm-c-߃ kzoI-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬ henb Xm¬]cyhpw ImWn-®n-√. thZn-bn¬ Ddq_pw s]ms‰-°mSpw `mkvI-c\pw ssh°w N{µ-ti-J-c≥ \mbcpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. N{µ-ti-J-c≥ \mb-cpsS Kw`o-camb kzmKX{]kw-Khpw \S-∂p. AXpt]mse Ddq-_ns‚ A[y£{]kwKhpw \S-∂p. ]n.-`m-kvI-c≥ s]m∂mS Nm¿Øn BZ-cn-®-t∏mƒ kZ- n\n∂v \ne-bv°mØ IøSnbp≠m-bn. B_p amjns‚ Fgp-Xn-Ø-øm-dm°nb {]kwKw _jo¿ hmbn-®p. {lkz-amb B {]kwKw am∏n-f-∏m-´p-Isf-°p-dn®v ]ecpw ]pe¿Ønb ]e [mc-W-I-tfbpw Xncp-Øn. A∂sØ adp-]Sn {]kwKw A°m-Zan {]kn-≤oI-c-Wamb "kwKa-'-Øn¬ {]kn≤o-I-cn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. A∂pw ]Xn-hp-t]mse ho´n¬ FØm-\m-bn-cp∂p At±-l-Øn\v Xm¬]-cyw. ""Btcm Nh®p Xp∏nb sh‰n-e-∏n≠n t]mse GtXm tImWn¬ InS-∂n-cp∂ Ad_nae-bm-fsØ hymI-c-W-ap≈ `mjbm°n, kmln-Xy-am°n am‰n-b-Xn-\mWv At±-l-Øn\v Ahm¿Up In´n-bXv'' F∂v Fgp-Xn-bmWv H. kpss_¿ "Ahn-kva-c-Wo-b-amb Ahm¿Up cm{Xn' F∂ teJ\w Ah-km-\n-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. tcmKw Im¿∂p Xn∂p- t ºmgpw F√mZnh- k hpw Xs‚ FgpØv taibv°p apºn¬ h∂n-cn-°pw. sshZy\nL-≠p-Iƒ°pw ^n°vlv InXm_p-Iƒ°pw Kth-jWdn°m¿Up-Iƒ°panS-bn-ep≈ B Ccn∏v At±-lØns‚ A\n-Xckm[m-c-W-amb Bflm¿∞-Xsb Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂p. IzmPm Iam-ep-±o≥ cNn® "Jp¿B≥ ]T-\-Øn-s\mcp apJ-hpc' F∂ IrXnhnh¿Ø\w sNbvX-t∏mƒ B_p JmZn-bm-\n-bm-sW∂v -kw-i-bn-°-s∏-´n-

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t\Xr-kvar-Xn-k© - nI

H.-B_p

´p-≠v. AØcw tNmZy-߃°pw kwi-b-߃°pw At±lw adp-]Sn ]d™n√. ImcWw Xs‚ \ne-]m-Sp-I-sf-°p-dn®v At±-l-Øn\p \√ t_m[yap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. {]ta-l-tcm-K-tØm-sSm∏w £b-tcm-Khpw \√-Xm-sW∂v A`n-{]m-bs∏´ At±lw sshZy- i m- k v{X- s Ø°pdn®v am{X- a - √ , CkvemanII¿Ωimkv{X-sØsØ°p-dn®pw Fgp-Xn. 1954˛¬ sshZy-∑m-cpsS henb ktΩ-f\w Xe-t»-cn-bn¬ kwL-Sn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn\v t\XrXzw \¬In. ]´nWn kmlnXyPohn-X-Øn\v \√-Xm-sW∂ B_p-hns‚ A`n{]mbw Fw.-Sn-bpsS Hcp \nco-£-WsØ Hm¿Ωn-∏n-°p-∂p. \nß-fpsS thZ\-Ifpw I„-∏m-Sp-Ifpw ]cm-P-b-ßfpw taml-`w-K-ß-fp-sa√mw hne-s∏´ kºm-Zy-ß-fm-sW∂v Fw.Sn Fgp-Xn-bXv B_p-hns\t∏mep-ff a‰-t\Iw Fgp-Øp-Im¿°v IqSn _m[-I-am-Ip∂ Imcy-amW-t√m. Fw.Snsb kw_‘n®p Xs∂ AsXmcp kXy-am-bn-cp-∂p. thZ-\-Isf Fgp-Øp-Im-c≥ kwKo-X-am-°p-∂p. tcmK-ßsf ]q°-fm-°p-∂p. A\p-`-h-ß-fpsS s\cn-t∏mSp-I-fn¬ \n∂v Ie hncn-bn-°p∂ Iem-Im-c-∑m-cmWv F∂pw anI® FgpØp-Im-cmbn amdn-bn-´p-≈-Xv. Ckvem-anI `‡nKoX-ß-fp-sSbpw am∏n-f-∏m-´p-I-fp-sSbpw t]cn{]t£-]Ww sNøp∂ Km\-ssh-Ir-X-ß-fpsS t\¿°p≈ FXn¿∏pw ITn\-amb {]Xn-tj-[hpw {]I-Sn-∏n-°p-hm-\mbn Xm\p-ambn A`n-apJw \SØm≥ h∂ BIm-i-hm-Wn-°m-cs\ A`n-apJw \¬ImsX Xncn-®-b® Cu Fgp-Øp-Im-c≥ Hcn-°¬ H∏\ a’-c-Øns‚ hn[n-I¿Øm-hmbn \n∂t∏mƒ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏´ H∏-\-bpsS X\n-a-bn-√mbva I≠v Ah-X-cn-∏n® Hcp {Sq∏n\pw am¿°p \¬ImsX ÿewhn´Xv B_phn∂v am∏nfIemkwkvIr-Xn-sb Ip-dn®p-≠m-bn-cp∂ ho£WZm¿Vyw klrZ-bsc t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. temI-{]-kn≤ Fgp-Øp-Im-c\pw Xnc-°-Ym-Ir-Øp-amb apl-ΩZv AkZv "^nJvlv' hncp-≤-\m-sW-∂-dn-™t∏mƒ Ak- Z ns‚ {]JymX IrXn- b mb "Ckv e mw hgn- Ø n- c n- h n¬' (Ckvemw Hm¨ t{Imkv tdmUvkv) F∂ ]pkvXIw ae-bm-f-Ønte°p hnh¿Ø\w sNbvX-Xn¬ ZpxJn® Fgp-Øp-Im-c-\m-Wv B_p. bph-P-t\m’h\S-Øn-∏p-Im¿ H∏\ F∂ Iem-cq-]sØ F¥m°m\mWv t]mIp∂-sX∂v I¿°-i-amb coXn-bn¬ tNmZn®v X\n-a-bpsS Imcy-Øn¬ hn´pho-gvNbvs°mcp-ßmsX B_p \ne-sIm≠p. apkvenw kv{XoIƒ ASp°-f-∏p-gp-°tfm k¥m-t\m¬]m-Z\ b{¥-ßtfm Bhp-∂-Xn-s\-Xnsc \nc¥cw t]mcm-Sn. Ab¬ho´nse NmØphpw I√ym-Wnbpw ]´n-Wn-In-S-°ptºmƒ Xs‚ Iøn-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂ CØncn `£Ww Ah-cp-ambn ]¶n´ lrZbhnim-e-X-bp≈ Bfm-bn-cp-∂ B_p hni-∏nepw ZpxJ-Ønepw hbdpw a\ pw IØn-\o-dp-tºmgpw D√m-k-Øns‚ apJm-h-c-W-an´v Pohn®p. kwKoX\mSIA°m-Zan Ahm¿Up In´n-b-t∏mƒ B AwKo-Imcw

X\n-°-s√∂pw AXv Ad-_n-a-e-bmfkmln-Xy-Øn\v In´n-b-Xm-sW∂pw ]d™v hn\-bm-\zn-X-\mbn. am∏n-f∏m´pI-fnse I≈°Ω-´-ßsf -I-s≠Øp-Ibpw Btcm Nh-®p-Xp-∏nb sh‰ne®≠n-t]mse GtXm aqe-°p-≠mbn-cp∂ Ad-_n-a-e-bmf`mjbpw kmln-Xyhpw hymI-c-W-hp-ap≈ Hcp {]tXyI `mjmkmlnXy hn`m-KamsW∂v ÿm]n-°m≥ Xs‚ ]pcp-jmbp v apgp-h≥ ]mSp-s]-SpIbpw sNbvXp. H. B_p F∂ Xet»cn- ° m- c s‚ _u≤nI A[zm- \ ß- f nAXy¥w IuXp-I-c-ß-fm-b-hbpw D≠v. G‰hpw Kuc-h-ap≈ hnj-b-߃ Fgp-Xp-∂-Xn-\n-Sbv°v At±lw sN pw NXp-cw-Khpw (1958) X]m¬ ap{ZIƒ(1957) F∂o hnj- b - ß - s f- ° p- d n®pw ]pkv X - I - ß ƒ cNn- ® p. `mjmNcn{Xw, hnh¿Ø\w, \mS-Iw,- I-Y F∂n-ßs\ sshhn[y-am¿∂ kmln-Xy-cq-]-ß-fn¬ {]h¿Øn® Fgp-Øp-Im¿ thsdbpw D≠m-hmw.

F∂m¬ sN n-s‚bpw X]m¬ ap{Z--I-fp-sSbpw Ncn{X ]mc-º-cy-Øn-te°p≈ B_p-hns‚ k©m-chpw Ahsb Nn{X-k-lnXw hni-Zo-I-cn-°m≥ At±lw {]I-Sn-∏n® Xm¬]cyhpw B PohnXsshNn-{Xy-Øns‚ sImSnb-S-bmfw Xs∂.

A_q ap_m- d Iv At±- l - Ø ns‚ teJ- \ - Ø n¬ H.- B - _ p- h ns‚ thsdbpw Nne sshNn{Xy `mh-ßsf-°p-dn®v ]d-bp-∂p≠v. Pohn-®n-cp∂ \mfp-I-fn¬ Xm¶ƒ°v F{X hb- mbn F∂p Bcmcpw tNmZn-®mB_p AXn∂v \¬Ip∂ adp-]Sn ]n.-H.- F∂ At±-l-Øns‚ Hcp kplrØns‚ {]mbw Iq´n tN¿Øn-´m-bn-cp∂phs{X. Xs‚ hb v 62 ]n.-H.hn\v 60. Cu ]n.H B_p-hns‚ IqsS-bmWv Ft∏mgpw D≠m-hp-I. sNdp∏-Im-e-ß-fn¬ X߃ kwL-Sn-∏n® ASn-I-ei-ep-I-sf-∏‰nbpw cm{„ob kwhm-Z-ß-sf-∏-‰nbpw B_p [mcmfw IY-Iƒ ]d-bpw. ]n.H Hcp _p≤nPo-hn-bm-W-s{X. AXp-sIm≠v At±lw A[nIw kwkm-cn-°m-dn-√. ]s£ ssIIƒ sIm≠v s]mSp-∂-\sh kw-km-cn-°p-a-s{X. KpkvXn a’cw D≈nS-sØ√mw AhnsS c≠v t]cp-ap-≠m-hpw. Xe-t»-cn-bn¬ CXphsc \S∂ F√m KpkvXn a’-c-ß-sf-∏-‰nbpw ]d-™p-sIm-t≠-bn-cn-°pI B_phns‚ Hcp ÿncw kz`mhamWv. Cu h¿Æ\ XpS-ßp-tºmƒ Fßn-s\sb-¶nepw hnjbw am‰n-bn-s√-¶n¬ \qdm-asØ Xh-Wbpw AXv Bh¿Øn°pw.

H.-B_p Bcm-bn-cp-∂p. kp∂nbmtWm? t{]m{K-kohv eoKpImc\mtWm? tkmjy-en-ÃmtWm? {io\mcm-bWt{]an-bmtWm? CsXm-∂pa-√mØ JmZn-bm-\n-bmtWm? sshNn-{Xy-߃ [mcm-f-ap≈ Cu Fgp-ØpIm-c-s\-°p-dn®v Cßs\ ]ecpw ]e tNmZy-ßfpw Db¿Øn-bn-´p-≠v.

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t\Xr-kvar-Xn-k© - nI

H.-B_p

t\Xr-kvar-Xn-k© - nI

H.-B_p

W-ßsf Gsd°me-tØ°p \ne-\n-dp-Øp-I-sb-∂Xv ZpjvI-c-am-bn-tØm∂pw. F∂m¬ AXp-X-s∂-bmWv \mw GXm\pw hyh-ÿ-Isf A\p-kcn-°pI AXym-h-iy-am-sW-∂-Xn-te-°p≈ Imc-W-hpw. \Ωƒ Cs∂-gpXp∂ ae-bmfw Hc-™qdp kwh-’-c-Øn\p tijw hcp∂ ae-bm-fn°v a\- n-em-I-W-sa-¶n¬ Hcp KthjW ime-bpw, Iptd ]fin-X-∑m-cpsS \nc-¥c Kth-j-W-ßfpw th≠n-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v hcp-∂Xv \√-Xn-\-√t√m''.

B_p-hns‚ "Ad_oae-bmf']cy-S\w tIcf kwKoX \mSI A°m-Zan Ahm¿Uv \¬In BZ-cn® kmlnXy-Im-c-\mb H.-B-_p-hn\v C„-s∏´ aq∂v KZy-I¿Øm-°-fm-bn-cp∂p aq¿t°mØp Ipam-c-\pw Ip´n-IrjvW amcm-cpw h°w A–p¬Jm-Z-dpw.

Xs‚ tiJ-c-Øn¬ \n∂v ]e IrXn-Ifpw \„-s∏´p t]mbn-cp-∂p-sh-¶nepw Cu aq∂p-t]-cpsSbpw IrXn-Iƒ Aaq-ey-\n-[n-t]mse At±lw kq£n®p sh®n- ´ p- ≠ m- b n- c p- ∂ p. B_pamÃ- d psS {]Xn- ` - s bbpw {]h¿Ø\sØ]‰nbpw BZy-ambn FgpXn {]kn-≤o-I-cn® teJ-\-Øn¬ tUmŒ¿ kn.-sI.-Icow H.B_psh Ad-_oa-e-bm-f-Ønse Ip´n-Ir-jvW-am-cmsc∂v hnti-jn-∏n-®-tXm¿°p-∂p. amcm-cpsS AtX ssien-bn¬ hnc-Nn-°-s∏´ "Ad-_oa-e-bmf kmlnXyNcn{Xw' F∂ \nkvXpe IrXn-bpsS I¿Ømhmb B_p-sh--∏-‰n-bp≈ ]T\w amcm-cpsS hm°p-Iƒ D≤-cn®psIm≠v XpS-ßp-∂Xv kap-Nn-X-am-bn-cn-°pw.

Ad_oae-bmf `mj-bn¬ Ad-_n-en-]n-Iƒ BZyhpw `mjbpw kmln-Xyhpw {Ita-W-bp-ap-≠m-bn. aX-hn-j-b-߃ Fgp-Xm≥ ]mI-ØnAd-_n-bn¬ kPm-Xob {]tXyI Nn”-߃ \¬In-bmWv Ad_oaebm-fsa∂ \ho-\-`mj Icp-∏n-Sn-∏n-®Xv AXn¬ F√m kzc-߃°pw D]tbm-Kn-°m-hp∂ "Aen^v' F∂ AIm-c-a-S°w ap∏-Ø-©-£-c-ß-fmWv BZy Zi-bn¬ D≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. ]sØm≥]Xv hyRvP-\-ßfpw ]Xn-\©v A£-c-ßfpw.

Ad-_n-a-e-bmf `mjsb ]cm-a¿in-°p-tºmƒ B `mj-bpsS {][m\ hn`m-K-amb am∏n-f-∏m-´p-I-fmWv BZy-ambn kvarXn-]-Y-Øn-se-Øp-∂-Xv. kwKo-X-km-{µ-amb B Ihn-Xm-k-º-ØmWv F∂pw Ad-_o-a-e-bm-f-Øn\v D÷o-h-\-i‡n {]Zm\w sNbvXn-´p-≈-Xv. ae-bmf en]n°v Dƒs°m-≈m\m-hmØ GXv `mj-I-tfbpw kzoI-cn-∏m-\p≈ cq]-kw-hn-[m\w Ad-_oa-e-bm-f-Øn\v D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Ad_n, ]m¿kn, Xan-gv, I∂-U, kwkvIrXw F∂o `mj-I-fnse ]Z-߃ Ad-_n-en-]n-Iƒ°v A\p-tbm-Py-amIpw hn[w cq]-s∏-SpØn B `mj-bn¬ {]N-cn-∏n-°-s∏-´p. {]kvXpX A£-c-ame sIm≠v aX-]-chpw atX-Xc-hp-amb GXv hnj-bhpw Ad-_n-a-e-bm-f-Ønse-gp-Xm≥ km[n-®n-cp-∂p.

""`mjm Ncn-{X-Øns‚ \o≠p \o≠ kwh-’-c-ß-fn-te°v H∂v Xncn™p-t\m-°p-I. temI-Ønse Hmtcm `mj°pw A∂-∂mbn F{X ]cnh¿Ø-\-߃ h∂p-I-gn-™n-cn-°p-∂p. Hcp aqe-`m-j-bpsS Dƒ∏n-cn-hp-Ifmbn Nn∂n-®n-X-dnb `mjm-¥-c-ß-fn-te°v XΩn-ep≈ hn]pe hyXym-k߃ t]mI-s´; Hmtcm `mj-Xs∂ F{Xtbm iXm-–-߃ Ign-bp-tºmtg°v Fßn-s\-sb√mw amdn-a-d-™p-I-f-bp∂p! \ΩpsS ]q¿∆n-I-cmb aebm-fn-IfpsS `mj-bn¬ Fgp-X-s∏´ Nne-∏-Xn-Im-cw, cma-N-cn-Xw, IÆ-»cm-am-bWw apX-em-bh C∂v Hcp km[m-cW ae-bm-fn°v a\- n-em-Im-Xncn-°p-∂-t√m. Cu \nebv°p t\m°p-tºmƒ Hcp `mj-bn¬ ]Z-hmIy {]am-

Ckvem-anI kmt¶-XnI ]Z-ß-fptSbpw {k„m-hmb A√m-lp, {]hmN-I-\mb apl-ΩZv \_n, thZ-{K-Ÿ-amb Jp¿-B≥ F∂o t]cp-I-fp-sSbpw kq£vtam-®m-cWw kpkm-[y-am-°m≥ Ad_n ae-bm-f-Øn-∂m-hp-am-bncp∂p. A°m-c-W-Øm¬ apkvenw-I-fpsS HmØp ]≈n-I-fnepw a{Z-k-Ifnepw Cu `mj \ntXy\ ]Tn-∏n®p t]m∂p. B A¿∞-Øn¬ A∂sØ BWpw s]Æpw km£-c-cm-bn-cp-∂p. hnZy-sb-∂m¬ aX hnZym-`ymkw F∂ k¶¬]-am-bn-cp∂p As∂-√mw. in¿°n¬ -A-[n-jvTn-Xamb sslµhn-I-X-bpsS \nd-km-∂n-≤y-ambn IcpXn ae-bm-f-tØmSpw B `mj-bn-ep≈ kmln-Xy-Ir-Xn-I-tfmSpw apkvenw kap-Zm-b-Øn\v h√mØ Akv]r-iy-Xbp≠m-bn-cp-∂p. GI-ssZ-hm-[n-jvTn-X-amb kwkvIm-c-Øns‚ \mµn-Ip-dn®v \q‰m-≠p-Iƒ A[nIw Ign-bmØ Hcp kml-N-cy-Øn¬ ho≠pw B

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kwkvIm-c-Øn-te-°p≈ Hcp Xncn-®p-t]m-°ns‚ Akp-J-I-c-amb Nn¥I-fm-bn-cp∂p ae-bm-f-`mjm {]kn-≤o-I-c-W-߃ DW¿Øn-bn-cp-∂Xv. kwkvIr-Xn-Iƒ sI´n-∏-Sp-°p-∂-Xn¬ `mj-bp-sSbpw kmln-Xy-Øn-s‚bpw ]¶v sNdp-X-√t√m? ]lvehn en]n ssIhn´v ]m¿kn-`mj Ad-_n-en-]nIƒ kzoI-cn-®p. AXns‚ ktlm-Zc`mj-bmbn Ddp-Zphpw P∑w-sIm-≠p.

BtKm-f-X-e-Øn¬ k¶-c-`m-j-bmbn Ad_n Cw•ojpw tdma≥ Ddp-Zphpw Aev]-Im-e-sa-¶nepw {]N-cn-®p. Xp¿°n `mjbpw Ad_n en]n-Iƒ kzoIcn-°m≥ k∂-≤X {]I-Sn-∏n-®n-cp-∂p. kmln-Xy-k-ºØv sIm≠pw kwKoX- km-{µX sIm≠pw DdpZp hn\m-isØ AXn-Po-hn®v Gsd ]pjvI-e-ambn. Ad-_n-a-e-bm-f-Øn\v am{Xta Imhy-k-º-tØmSpw Ci¬s]-cp-atbmSpw IqSn Ddp-Zp-thm-sSm∏w Aev]-sa-¶nepw Xe-bp-b¿Øn \n¬°m\m-bn-´p-≈q. \ne-\n¬∏ns‚ {]iv\-am-I-bm¬ Ad-_o-a-e-bmf en]n kzoIcn®pw AkvXnXzw hnfn-®p-]-d-™p. tambn≥Ip´n sshZy-cpsS IrXn-Iƒ Sn∏Wn -tN¿Øv ae-bmf en]n-bn¬ ]q¿Æ-ambn {]kn-≤o-I-cn-®Xv [ocamb Hcp kwc-`-am-Wv. B_p-hns‚ Bbp-jvIme A`n-em-j-am-bn-cp∂p I∏-∏m-´n-∂pw -\q¬aZvln∂pw AØcw Hcp `mjyw cNn-°¬. ""Ad-_o-a-e-bmf en]n-Iƒ ]e¿ ]e-Im-eØpw ]e-hn-[-Øn¬ ]cnjvI-cn∏n-®n-´p-≠v. Ad-_n-a-e-bmfw A®Sn®v shfn®wI≠-t∏mƒ IqSp-X]cn-jvI-c-W-Øn-s‚bpw Bhiyw t_m[y-am-bn. BZy-Im-eØv Ccp-]sØ-´-£-c-ß-fn¬ ]cn-an-X-am-bn-cp∂p Ad_n ae-bm-fw. F,- Hm -F∂o Nn”-߃ A°m-e-Øp≠mbn-cp-∂n-√-. "F'°p ]Icw "b' bpw "H' °p ]Icw "h'bpw D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-´p. Ad-_n-bnse ]Øm-asØ A£-cØns‚ Nph-´n¬ Hcp IpØv C´p-sIm≠v "c' sb∂ i_vZ-Øn\pw ]Xn-\©m-asØ A£-c-Øns‚ Nph-´n¬ Hcp IpØv C´p-sIm≠v "f' F∂ i–-Øn\pw ]n¬°m-eØv cq]w \¬Ip-I-bp-≠m-bn. ]pXnb A£-c߃ I≠p-]n-Sn-°msX Ad-_o-a-e-bmfw C∂pw ASn-ÿm\ ]c-amb Ccp]-sØ-´£-c-ß-fn¬ HXpßn°n-S-°p-∂p.-en]n ]cn-jvI-cW cwKØp Imcy£-a-amb {]h¿Ø-\-߃ \S-Øn-bXp h°w A–p¬Jm-Z¿ aue-hnbpw Ipf-ß-c-Øp ho´n¬ sambvXp apkeymcpw BsW∂p ImWp-∂p.(-A-d_o ae-bmf kmlnXy Ncn-{Xw) I∏-∏m-´pw \q¬aZvlv ]m´pw cNn-®Xv aX-]-fin-X-\pw `‡Ihnbpw {]Xyp¬]∂aXnbpw cknIintcm-a-Wn-bp-am-bn-cp∂ Ip™m-b≥ apkveym-cm-bn-cp-∂p. Ip™m-b≥ apk-veym¿ Hcm-fn¬ Xp©-sØ-gp-Ø-—\pw Ip©≥ \ºymcpw Hcp-an-®p. I∏-∏m-´ns‚ {]Nmcw am∏n-f-∏m-´n∂v "k-^o\- ] m- ´ p- I - s f'∂ t]cpw kºm- Z n®p sImSp- Ø p. "k^o- \ '°v I∏74

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F∂¿∞-ap-≈-XmWp Imc-Ww. I∏-∏m-´nepw \q¬aZvlv ]m´nepw [mcmfw {]mNo\ ae-bmf ]Z-ß-fpw ]g-sam-gn-Ifpw ImWmw. \m¬]Xp sIm√߃°n-∏pdw \mw am∏n-f-∏m-´p-I-sf∂p hnfn-°p∂ ]m´p-I-sf√mw Adn-bs∏- ´ ncp- ∂ Xv "k^o\'- ∏ m´p- I sf∂m- b n- c p- ∂ p.- Xp- © - s Ø- g p- Ø - — s‚ B≤ymfl cmam-bWw cNn-°p-∂-Xn\v A©p h¿j-߃°p apºv hnc-NnX-amb apln-bn-±o≥ ame-°pw Ip™m-b≥ apk-veym-cpsS \q¬aZvln∂pan-S-bn¬ GXm≠v \q‰n-ap-∏Xv sIm√-ß-fpsS hnShv ImWmw. "kpZo¿Lamb kpjp]vXn' sb∂v Cu Ime-hn-fw-_-sØ ]cn-l-kn-°m≥ B_p aSn-°p-∂n-√. "Ad_o ae-bmf kmlnXy Ncn{Xw' t]mse `mjm-N-cn-{XØn-te°v shfn®w ]I-cp∂ Hcp IrXn-bn-s√-¶n¬ Ckvemw aX-tØmsSm∏w hf¿∂p ]¥-en® Hcp kmlnXy kwkvIr-Xn-bpsS ]mh\ Ncn{Xw CcpƒaqSnt∏mIp-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]S-∏m-´p-Iƒ, Jn ∏m-´p-Iƒ XpS-ßnb imJIsf kw_-‘n®pw Xmc-Xay ]T-\-tam hni-Zmwi ]T-\tam \S-Øp-hm≥ B_p-hn\v B{K-l-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. A\m-tcmKyw aqew AXn∂p km[n®n-√. t]m¿®p-Ko-kp-Im-cp-sSbpw Cw•o-jp-Im-cp-sSbpw Itø‰w aqew \in®p-t]mb Ad-_oa-e-bmf IrXn-I-sf-°p-dn-®pw Ad-_o-a-e-bm-f-Ønse A{]-Im-inX IrXn-Isf°pdn-®pap≈ {]tXyI ]T-\hpw At±-l-Øn\v apgp-an-°m≥ Ign-™n-√. B `mj-bnse Oµ- pw Ae-¶m-chpw At±-lØn\p {]nb-¶-c-ß-fmb hnj-b-ß-fm-bn-cp-∂p. AtX-∏‰n {]tXyI {KŸw Xs∂ cNn-°m-\p≈ A¥ym-`n-em-jhpw \nd-th-dmsX t]mbn. B_p-thmsSm∏w a¨a-d-™p-t]m-Ip-am-bn-cp∂ F{Xtbm kz]v\ IrXn-I-fnH∂mWv \ap°v In´n-t∏mb "Ad_oae--bmf kmlnXy Ncn-{X-'sa∂ A\¿LIrXn. B_p-hns‚ ZuXyw ]q¿Øo-I-cn-°m≥ C\n \ΩpsS Np‰p-h-´Øv Bcm-\p-ap-≠m-Iptam? B_p \¬Inb kqN-\-I-fn¬ \n∂p ]p\¿\n¿ΩnXn \S-Øm-\m-hp∂ Hcp cay-l¿ay-amWv Ad-_n-a-e-bm-fw.

AXns‚ AI-Ø-f-Øn¬ hf-bn´ ssII-fpsS Xmf sshNn-{Xy-ap-≠v.

Ci¬ apdp-°-Øns‚ s]men-a-bp-≠v. CuW-ß-fpsS B¿{Z-X-bp-≠v.

CXƒhn-cn™ kwkvIr-Xn-bp-ap-≠v.

Ad-_oa-e-bmf `mj-sbbpw AXns‚ At\Iw imJ-I-sfbpw ]‰nbp≈ B_p-hns‚ \nco-£-W-߃ hcpwImeØ\v shdp-samcp Ncn-{XamImw. Cßn\n hcm-Ø-hÆw bm{X-bm°m≥ \mw Hcp-sº-Sp∂ Hcp `mjmw-K-\bmbn Ad-_o-a-e-bmfw \n¬°p-tºmƒ B Nmcp apJw Hcn°¬ IqSn Z¿in-°p-hm≥ Bcpw sImXn®p t]mIp-sa∂ ktµ-ihpw B_p \¬Ip-∂p-≠v.

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B_p-hn-s‚ ho£-W-Øn¬, Ad-_oa-e-bm-f`mjbnse Km\-ßfpw Imhy-ß-fpw hn-h¿Ø-\-ß-fpw N-cn-{Xm-Jym-bn-I-Ifpw A¿∞kºp-jvSam-b, ]Z-kw-kvImc kº-∂-amb hymI-cW \n_-≤-amb kmln-Xy-imJ-bmbn klr-Zb tIcfw a\- n-em-°p∂ Hcp Imew A\Xn-hn-Zq-c-a-√. iX-°-W-°n-\p≈ hrØ-ß-fmWv (C-i-ep-Iƒ) am∏n-f-∏m-´n-ep-≈-Xv. Xmf{]-[m-\-ß-fmb am{Xm hrØ-ß-fmWv GXm-s≠-√mw. hcpw Ime `mjm hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ°v KpW-I-c-am-hm≥ AsX√mw dn°m¿Uv sNbvXp kq£nt°-≠-Xm-Wv. ]q¿Æm¿∞-Øn-ep≈ Hcp Ad-_oa-e-bm-f˛ ae-bmf \nL≠phpw as‰mcp ]cymb \nL-≠phpw htc≠ Imew AXn-{I-an-®p. e°W \lvhp A-d-_oa-e-bmf \nL-≠p-hn¬ GXm≠v Ccp-\qdp ]Z-ßtf ImWp-∂p-≈q. AXn¬ c≠m-bncw ]cymb i–-߃ ImWp∂p. _m°nbp≈ ]Z-߃ IqSnt®cp-tºmƒ Ah-bpsS ]cymb i–-ß-fpw hfsc h¿≤n- ° m≥ km[y- X - b p- ≠ v . `mjm- K - t h- j - I \mbn- c p∂ iqc- \ m´v Ip™≥]n- ≈ , Sn.Dss_- Z ns\ Xncp- h - \ - ¥ - ] p- c Øv hnfn- ® p- h - c pØn \nL≠p \n¿Ωm-W-Øn¬ kl-I-cn-∏n®n-cp-∂p. am∏n-f-Km-\-ß-fpsS Bem]\Ønepw H∏\ \rØ-ß-fpsS Ah-X-c-W-Ønepw C∂v F√m kap-Zmb-°mcpw a’-cn-°p-∂p. H∏\, Nn-e-t∏mƒ \rØm-`m-khpw am∏n-f-Km-\߃,- \ne-hmcw Ipd™ kn-\nam Km\-ß-tf-°mƒ XmWXpambn amdn, irwKm-c-ck {][m\w am{X-ambn A[x-]-Xn-°p-∂-Xns\ i‡n-bp‡w FXn¿Øp-sIm≠v thZn-I-fn¬ \n∂pw kZ- n¬ \n∂pw B_p Cd-ßnt∏m-bn. A£-c-t«mIw t]mse sNm√n, Ip´n-Iƒ a’-cn-°p∂ "]qt]®¬' Xntcm-`-hn-®n-cn°p-∂p. hnc-en-se-Æm-hp∂ Ci-ep-I-fnte ]pXnb am∏n-f∏m-´p-Iƒ C∂v FgpX-s∏-Sp-∂p-≈q. _Zv¿ ]S-∏m-´nepw DlvZp ]m´nepw _Zvdp¬ ap\o-dnepw Ci¬ sshhn-[y-߃ ImWmw. kµ¿`-ß-fpsS hnImc Xo{hX Ci-ep-Iƒ sIm≠v Af-°m-\m-hp-am-bn-cp-∂p. am∏n-f-∏m´n-t\m-Sp≈ Iºw aqØv tImgn-t°m´v sdbn¬th t]meo-kn¬ Hm^o-kdm-bn-cp∂ F^v.-^m-k‰v -Xs‚ Iogn-ep≈ Hcp t]meokv DtZym-K-ÿs‚ klm-b-tØmsS Ah Cw•o-jnte°v ]cn-`m-j-s∏-SpØnbXv Ncn-{X-tcJ-I-fn¬ ImWmw. Bkzm-ZIkaq-l-Øn¬ hºn® kzm[o\w sNep-Ønb lpkv-\p¬ Pam-en-∂pw _Zv¿ ]S-∏m-´n∂pw AØ-c-Ønep≈ Aw-Ko-Im-cw ]g-b-Im-eØp Xs∂ In´n-bn-cp-∂p. Im¬]-\nI {]ÿm-\-Øn\v Ipam-c\m-im≥ XpS°w Ipdn-°p-∂-Xn\p apºv Xs∂ tambn≥ Ip´n sshZy¿ AXv {]Nm-c-Øn¬ hcp-Øn-bn-cp-∂p. {]W-b- ]-c-h-i-bmb kv{Xo IYm]m-{X-ßsf Ipam-c-\m-im≥ kr„n-°p-∂-Xn∂v ap∏Xv sIm√-߃°p apºv alm-Ihn tambn≥Ip´n sshZy¿ tIc-fo-b¿°p ]cn-N-b-s∏-SpØn Ign™n-cp-∂p. tIc-fob Ncn-{XsØ B[m-c-am°n cNn-°-s∏´ "ae-∏pdw ]S∏m´v' F∂ am∏n-f-Im-hyw FgpXn Zi-I-߃ Ign-™mWv D≈q-cns‚ AtX -co-Xn-bn¬ cNn-°-s∏´ "Dam-tI-cfw' {]kn-≤o-I-cn-°s∏Sp-∂-Xv. am∏nf-km-ln-Xy-Øn-epw -a-e-bm-f-Ønepw Htc t]mse Ah-Kmlw t\Snb

apkvenw Fgp-Øp-Im-cpsS Ac-tß-‰-Øn\p h∂ Imehnfw_w am{X-amWv Cu A\`n-⁄-X-s°√mw apJy-Im-c-Ww. Aapkvenw kap-Zm-b-Øn\n∂v Ad-_oa-e-bmf kmln-Xyhpw kwkvIm-chpw Gsd-°mew ad-™p\n-∂Xv Fs¥√mw sX‰n-≤m-c-W-Iƒ°mWv Imc-W-am-b-Xv! hmcn-I-IfpsSbpw amkn-I-I-fp-sSbpw kpe-`X Hcn-°¬ Ad-_n-a-e-bm-f-Øn-em-bncp-∂p-sh∂pIqSn Hm¿t°-≠-Xp≠v.

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Hcp ImeØv Ckvem-anI {]t_m-[\cwKØv NqSpw Nqcpw ]I¿∂ Cu `mjm-Iu-Xp-IsØ ASp-Ø-dn-bp-tºmƒ AXn-t\m-Sp≈ A¤p-Xm-Zchv h¿≤n-°p-Itb D≈q. AXv Hcn-°epw ae-bm-fsØ Ah-a-Xn-°m≥ Acp \n∂n-´n-√. sIm≠pw sImSpØpw c≠v kwkvIm-c-ß-fpsS apt∂‰sØ klm-bn-°p-Itb sNbvXn-´p-≈q.

XuloZv kwc-£-W-Øns‚ t]cn¬ ame-∏m-´p-Iƒ _ln-jvI-cn-°W-sa∂v ]d-bp-∂-h-tcmSv B ]m´p-I-fpsS kmlnXy aqeysØ am{Xw ImWm≥ B_p D]-tZ-in-°p-∂p. ""-a-e-bmf `mj-bn-ep≈ {]mNo\ sslµh-kvtXm{X IrXn-I-fp-sSbpw ame-∏m-´p-I-fp-sSbpw cN\m k{º-Zm-b-Øn\p kmcq]yw ImWp-∂p-≠v. ]s£ AXv {]mNo\ tIc-f-Øns‚ Iem -kmwkvIm-cnI cwK-ß-fn-se√mw ImW-s∏-Sp∂ kmcq]yw am{X-am-Wv. apkvenw ]≈n-I-fp-sSbpw Aº-e-ß-fp-sSbpw \n¿Ωn-Xn-bn-ep≈ kmay-X-t]m-se. _mly-amb hyXym-k-߃ ImØp-kq-£n-°p-∂p-≠v'' F∂v \tΩmSv Xd∏n®p ]d-bp∂ B_p Hcp henb `hn-jy-Øns\ ]‰n ap∂-dn-bn∏pw Xcp∂p.""-tI-c-f-Ønse apkvenw kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ _p≤n-]-c-amb t\´-ß-fpsS Ie-h-d-bmb Ad-_o-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-Øn¬ \n∂pw AXnse kp{][m-\-L-S-I-ß-fmb ame-∏m-´p-Isf _ln-jvI-cn-°p-hm≥ ap≥ssI-sø-SpØ-h¿, Aßns\ sNbvX-Xv F¥ns‚ t]cn-em-bmepw icn, Xß-fpsS kml-kn-I-X-bnepw Ad-_o-a-e-bm-f-Øn\p kw`-hn-∏m-\n-S-bp≈ \jvS-sØ°p-dn®v Hm¿°m-Xn-cp-∂Xv Ahn-thI]c-amb I„-am-bn-t∏m-sb∂v ]d-bmXn-cp∂p IqSm. Fensb sIm√m≥ C√w-Np-Sm-h-X-√t√m''.

Xulo-Zns‚ {]m[m-\ysØ]‰n -\√t]mse t_m[-hm-\m-bn-cp∂p B_p. Ien-a-Øp-Øu-loZv Xs∂-bmWv am∏nf kmln-Xy-Øn-s‚-Po-hs\∂pw Ckvemw aX-X-Xz-߃ {]N-cn-∏n-°p-Ibpw aXm-[njv-TnX Pohn-XØn∂v t{]cW \¬Ip-I-bpam-bn-cp∂p Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-Øns‚ al-Ømb e£y-sa∂pw km£y-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ B_p `mj-bpsS lrZ-bkv]-µ-\-߃ a\- n-em-°n-bn-´n-s√∂p Icp-Xm≥ hø. ]s£ ]ucm-WnI-Xz-Øn-ep≈ ISpw ]nSp-Ø-ß-sfm∂pw At±lw A¥yw hsc hn´n-´n-√. ""Ci-ep-Ifpw CuW-ßfpw hN-\-ßfpw Ae-¶m-c-ßfpw am∏nf kmlnXy-Øns‚ N¥hpw K‘hpw Nm¿Øp∂ _mtlym-]m[nIƒ am{X-am-Ip∂p. Ah am∏nf kmln-Xy-Øns‚ e£-W-ß-f-√. Ci-ep-Itfm ]Z-ßtfm

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ssieo hnti-j-ßtfm Ckvemw aX{][m-\-a-√mØ Hcp kmln-XysØ am∏nf kmln-Xy-am-°p-I-bn-√. ap≥ ]d™ e£-W-bp-‡-ß-f-√mØ kmlnXyw AXn-s‚ cq-]-hp-ambn F{X-Xs∂ ASp-∏hpw kmZr-iy-hp-ap≠m-bmepw am∏n-f-km-ln-Xy-a√'' am∏nf kmln-Xy-Ønse ]Z-߃ ]eXpw ]cn-jvI-cWa¿ln-°p-∂h-bm-sW∂ hmZ-Øn\p apJ-hne t]mepw I¬]n-°cp-sX-∂mWv B_p ]d-bp-∂-Xv. ]cn-jvI-c-W-a¿ln-°p-∂-h-bm-sW∂p ]cs° A`n-{]m-b-ap≈ ]Z-ßsf Zp¿_-e-s∏-Sp-Øp-Itbm D]-tbmK iq\y-am-°p-Itbm sNøp-∂Xn\p apºv B hI ]Z-߃ Hcp hnZKv[ `mjm-im-kv{X⁄°Ωn-‰nbpsS ]cn-tim-[\ - ° - pw A`n-{]m-bØ - n\pw ka¿∏n-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. ""Hcp `mj-bn¬ \n∂v Hcp hm°v \in-®p-t]m-hp-I-sb-∂Xv ]e-t∏mgpw B `mj ssIImcyw sNbvX P\-X-bpsS kmwkvIm-cnI Ncn-{X-Øns‚ Hcp `mKw \in-®p-t]m-hp-∂-Xn\v Xpey-am-bn-Øo¿t∂-°pw. Cw•o-jn¬ sa‰m-Xn-kokv F∂p ]d-bp∂ h¿Æ-hn-]-cybw am∏nf kmln-Xy-Ønse `qcn-]£w ]Z߃°pw _m[-I-am-bn-´p-≈-Xmbn ImWp-∂p-≠v. "AXn-i-bw', ""AivIyw'' BbXv AXn-s∂m-cp-Zm-l-c-Wam-Ip∂p. Ad-_n-`m-j-sbm-gn-®p≈ CX-c-`mj-I-fn¬ \n∂p ]Z-߃ kzoI-cn-°p-tºmƒ B ]Z-߃°v am∏n-fXzw \¬Ins°m≠mWv kzoI- c n- ° - s ∏- ´ n- ´ p- ≈ - X v . X∂n- a nØw am∏n- f - k mlnXyØnse hm°p-Iƒ ]e \ne-bnepw Kth-jW {][m-\-ß-fm-sW∂ kXysØ [n°-cn-®p-sIm≠v B[p-\oI ae-bmf `mj-bn-te°v B hI ]Z-ßsf am‰p-Itbm \in-∏n-°p-Itbm sNø-W-sa∂v iTn-°p-∂Xv \oXn]q¿∆-I-am-Ibn-√.'' ]Zm-h-en-I-sf-∏-‰n-bp≈ B_p-hns‚ \nco-£-W-߃°v ASn-h-c-bnSp-∂-XmWv ae-bm-f-I-hnXm kmln-Xy-N-cn-{X-Øns‚ I¿Øm-hmb tUmŒ¿ eoem-h-Xn-bpsS A`n-{]mbw: ""]Zm-h-en-I-fpsS Ncn-{X-sa-∂m¬ `mjmN-cn{Xw. At∏mƒ GXp IhnXm Ncn-{X-Øn∂pw `qan-I-bmbn Hcp `mjm Ncn{X-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°pw. AXp tXSp-∂Xv ama-c-ß-fpsS thcp-Iƒ°p≈ A‰ßƒ tXSpw t]mse-bmWv.'' {]mNo-\-a-e-bmfw Xan-gn¬\n∂p ap‡-ambn kwkvIrX `mj-bp-ambn ssItIm¿Øv hf-sc-b-[nIw ]ptcm-KXn ssIh-cn-®-t∏mƒ Ad-_oa-ebmfw \nt∂-S-Øp-\n-∂p. AXn¬ ]pXnb ]Zm-h-en-Iƒ ]nd-hn-sIm-≠n-√. ]Z-kw-kvI-cW {]{In-b-Ifpw \S-∂n-√. ]n¬°m-e-Øv.-kmw-kvIm-cn-I-\mb-I-∑m-cpsS Blzm\w {ihn®v apkvenw kap-Zmbw ae-bm-f-tØmSpw Cw•ojn-t\m-Spap≈ Akv]riyX Hgn-hm-°m≥ Bcw-`n-®-t∏mƒ sas√-sb-¶nepw Ad_n ae-bmf en]n-I-tfm-Sp≈ Ah-K-W\ XpS-ßn. am∏n-f-Im-hy-߃ Xulo-Zn\p \nc-°mØ {]Xn-]m-Zy-߃ \nd-™-Xm-sW∂ {]N-c-Ww Cu Ah-K-W-\°p i‡n Iq´n. am∏n-f-∏m-´ns‚ am[p-cy-tØ-°mƒ Ibv]p 78

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H.-B_p

\nd-™-XmWv Ncn{X kXy-߃ Bbn AXn¬ Dƒs°m-≈n-®n-´p-≈sX∂pw AXv Xulo-Zn∂p \nc-°mØXm-sW∂pap≈ hmZ-ap-≠m-bn.

Aßs\ Hcp ImeØv Xmtem-en® Ic-߃X-s∂, Ad-_n-a-e-bm-f-sa∂ hf¿Øp-]p-{Xnsb Xmsg-bn-Sp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. ae-bm-f-tØm-Sp≈ Akv]riyX Hgn-hm-t°-≠-Xm-sW∂p ]d™ k\m-D≈m a‡n Xß-fp-sSbpw h°w A–p¬ JmZ¿ aue-hn-bp-sSbpw \nXm-¥-{i-aß-tfmSv kl-I-cn®p-sh-¶nepw kmlnXy kmc-Yn-I-fmb Dss_Zpw B_phpw Ad-_n-aebm-f -km-ln-Xy-Øns‚ \ne-\n¬]n-∂p-th≠n Bflm¿∞-ambn ]cn-{ian-®p. ]ucm-Wn-I-amb Hcp `mjbpw kmln-Xyhpw \in-®p-t]m-Ip-∂-Xnem-bn-cp∂p Ah-cpsS tJZw. Ihnbpw Kmb-I-\p-am-bn-cp∂ Dss_-Zns‚ hn]p-e-amb kulr-Z-_-‘-ß-fpw ]cn-j¬ ktΩ-f-\-ß-fnse ]¶m-fn-Øhpw sshIn-sb-¶nepw kmln-Xy-{]-Xn-`-I-fpsS {i≤-]n-Sn®p ]‰n B_p Xs‚ cN-\-I-fn-eqsS C°mcyw \nc-¥cw Hm¿Ωn-∏n-®p. Ad-_n-a-e-bm-fkm-ln-Xy-Ønse Imthy-Xc imJsb∏‰n ae-bmf kmln-Xy-temIw APvRX \Sn-®p-sh-¶nepw am∏n-f-∏m-´p-I-sf AwKo-Icn°p-∂-Xn\v XpS°w Ipdn-®Xv alm-Ihn D≈q-cm-bn-cp-∂p. Xs‚ tIcf kmln-Xy-N-cn-{X-ØnAt±lw am∏n-f-∏m-´p-Isf \mS≥ ]m´p-I-fpsS KW-Øn¬ s]Sp-Øn. ""aebmf kmlnXy Ncn{Xw'' cNn® tUmIvS¿ eoem-h-Xn ""DØ-c-tI-c-f-Ønse \mS≥]m-´p-I-fn¬ _Zv¿ ]S-∏m´v apX-emb Nne am∏n-f-∏m-´p-Ifpw Dƒs∏Sp-sa-∂p'' -am-{X-amWv H‰-hm-°n¬ ]d-™-Xv. Ip´n-Ir-jvWamcm¿ Xs‚ {]kn≤ IrXn-bmb hrØ-in¬]-Øns‚ aq∂mw ]Xn-∏n¬ hrØ-߃°v DZm-l-cWw ImWn-°ptºmƒ lpkv-\p¬ Pamens‚bpw _Zv¿]-S-∏m-´ns‚bpw Ci-ep-Iƒ Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn. kn.]n {io[-c≥ A¬]w tcmjw sIm≠p-Xs∂ Dss_Zv kvac-Wn-I-bn¬ Fgp-Xn. ""]p≈p-h-∑m-cpw IWnbm-∑m-cpw ]pe-b-∑mcpw a‰p -sNdnb hn`m-K-ßfpw ]mSn-h∂ ]m´p-Iƒ t]mepw ae-bm-fk - m-lnXy Ncn-{X-Øns‚ `mK-ambn Ign-™n-cp-∂p. F∂m]Øp ap∏Xp e£w hcp∂ am∏n-fa - m¿ \q‰m-≠p-If - mbn ]mSn-t∏m∂ Ad_n-ae - b - mf ]m´p-Ifpw kmln-Xyhpw Al-ey--sb-t∏mse I√m-bn-°n-S° - pI-bm-bn-cp-∂p.'' Ad-_oa-eb - m-fØ - n-em-bmepw am∏nf Km\-߃ \ne-\n¬°W-sa∂ Imcy-Øn¬ B¿°pw A`n-{]m-bm-¥c - a - p-≠m-bn-cp∂n-√.

Xe-ap-d-Ifmbn \ne-\n¬°p-∂Xpw `mjm-\n-b-a-߃t°m Oµ-»mkv{X-Ønt\m hg-ßm-Øh - b - p-amb ]m´p-Is - f-bm-Wt√m \mS≥ ]m´pIfmbn KWn-°p-∂-Xv. F∂m¬ ]gb am∏n-f-∏m-´p-I-fn-se√mw cN-bn-Xm-hns‚ t]¿, Imew, A®-Sn, A®p-Iq-S-Øns‚ t]¿, {]km-[-I-cpsS hnhcw F∂nhsb√mw hy‡-ambn tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Fgp-Ø-—\p apºp≈ apln-bn-±o≥ ame-bn¬ t]mepw AXv cNn-®Xv {In.-h¿jw 1607 emsW∂pw I¿Øm-hns‚ t]¿ Jmkn-ap-l-Ω-Zv F∂msW∂pw hy‡-am-°n-bn-´p-≠v. [mcmfw A\y`mjm ]Z-ß-fp-≈Xpw en]n Ad-_n-`m-j-bpsS cq]m-¥-c79

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H.-B_p

am-b-Xp-amWv Ad_oae-bm-fsØ Hcp {]tXyI `mj-bmbn KWn-°m≥ Imc-Ww. AtX `mj ae-bmf en]n-bn-se-gpXn Sn∏Wn -tN¿°p-tºmƒ F√m ae-bm-fn°pw {Kmly-am-Ip-∂-Xp-sIm≠v ae-bmf `mj-bpsS `mKam-sW∂pw hymJym-\n-°-s∏-Sp-∂p. am∏n-f-∏m-´p-I-fpsS CuW-߃°p ]eXn∂pw ae-bm-f-hr-Ø-ß-tfmSv kmay-X-bp-≠v. Ad_n CuW-߃ BWv, ]m´p-Isf a[p-cßfm-°p-∂-Xnse Hcp LS-Iw. Nºp-°fp-sS-bpw cma-N-cnX-Øn-s‚bpw `mjm-ssien ae-bm-f-sØ-°mƒ Xan-gn-t\mSv B`n-apJyw ]pe¿Øp-∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. AXp-t]mse apln-bn-±o≥ ame-bnepw [mcmfw Xan-gv]-Z-߃ ImWpw. ""cma-N-cn-X-Øn-se -c-≠p-h-cn-Iƒ D≤-cn-°p-∂Xv {]mNo\ ae-bm-f-Øns‚ {]IrXw a\- n-em-°m-≥ D]-I-cn-°pw. ""XmcnSw aWw ]pW¿¥p Xcp-\nssc XS¥p ]mbv¥ amcp-tX-h≥ h¥p hgn-bn-sX-‚-cp-fn-sN-bvXm≥'' Ad_n ae-bm-f-Ønse kwkvIr-X- X-an-gv -I¿Wm-SI]Z-ßfpw XØp-ey-amb ae-bmf ]Z-ßfpw {i≤n®m¬ Aev] kzev]w hyXym-kap≈ At\-I-]-Z-ßsf Is≠-Øm-\mhpw. kwkvIrXw Ad-_o-a-e-bmfw sFizcyw sFin-cnbw t{Im[w sImtcmZw Xangv Ad-_o-a-e-bmfw DXhn DZhn Cº¿ Cº¿ I¿Æm-SIw Ad-_o-a-e-bmfw _oU¿ hoS¿ AfpZv AfpZv Aøm-bnc-tØmfw {KŸ-k-º-Øp≈ Hcp `mjsb F¥n-∂-h-K-Wn°-Ww. B `mj-bn¬, thZ-{K-Ÿ-ß-fmb Jp¿-B-s‚bpw ss__n-fns‚bpw CXn-lm-k-amb cmam-b-W-Øn-s‚bpw hnh¿Ø-\-߃ h∂-XmWv. temtIm¬]Øn apX¬°p≈ Ncn{Xw ]d-bp∂ k^-e-am-ebpw sshZy-im-kv{X-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm\ {KŸ-amb ""A„mwKlrZ-b-''Øns‚ hnh¿Ø-\hpw C_v\p-l-P¿ sslØ-an-bpsS I¿Ω-imkv{X {KŸ-amb Xplv^-bpsS ]Øp hmey-ßfpw tN‰p-hmbv ]co-°p-´n-bpsS ""^pXplp»mw'' F∂ alm-Im-hyhpw At\Iw a‰p {KŸ-ßfpw B `mj-bne`y-am-Wv. Zo¿Ln-®p t]mIp-∂Xp sIm≠v IrXn-Iƒ FÆn-∏dbp-∂n-√. hymI-c-Wm-[n-jvTn-X-a-√, Ad_n ae-bmf `mj F∂v Dd-∏n®p ]dbm-\m-hn-√. \n¿t±iI hymI-c-W-Øn\pw D]-]m-Z-hym-I-c-W-Øn\pw ImenI-hym-I-c-W-Øn-\pw B\p-jw-KnI hymI-c-W-Øn-\pw AXn¬ DZm-

l-c-W-ß-fp-≠v. \n¿t±-iI hymI-c-W-sa∂p ]d-™m¬ `mjm hnj-bßsf hn`-Pn®v kw⁄-Isf \n¿∆-Nn-®v cq]\njv]-Øn ImWn®v {]tbmK-ßsf hnh-cn-°p-I-sb-∂-Xm-Wv. D]-]m-ZI hymI-c-W-sa-∂m¬ \n¿t±inIm hymI-c-W-Ønse hnj-b-ßsf bp‡n-bp‡w hnh-cn®v \ymbw ]d-bpI F∂-Xm-Wv. ImenI hymI-c-W-sa-∂m¬ Hcp `mj-bn¬ \S-∏p≈ ]Z-߃, {]tbm-K-߃ apX-em-b-h-bpsS ap≥Ime \ne-I-sf-¥m-bn-cp-∂psh-∂pw, Ah-bn¬ G‰hpw ]g°w sN∂ \ne GXm-sW∂pw \n¿Æ-bn°pI F∂-Xm-Wv. B\p-jw-KnI hymI-c-W-sa-∂m¬ ImenI hymI-cWw \n¿t±-in®p Xcp∂ AXn{]mNo\ cq]-ßsf kPm-Xob `mj-bn-se, kam\ cq]-ß-fp-ambn X´n®p t\m°n kmaymkmay-ßsf ImWn®p Xcp∂ hymI-c-W-am-W-Xv. Ad_oae-bmfw GsX-¶nepw Hcp `mj-bpsS hymI-c-WsØ kzoIcn-t°-≠-Xn-s√-∂mWv B_p-hns‚ ]£w. am∏nf kmlnXyw \√-t]mse ]Tn®v AXn-∂n-t∂m-f-ap-≠m-bn-´p≈ hymI-cW{KŸ-߃ A]-cym-]vX-amsW∂p hcn-In¬ am{Xw ]pXnb hymI-cW{KŸ-߃ cNn-°m-hp-∂-XmsW-∂mWv At±lw A`n-{]m-b-s∏-´-Xv. ]Xn-\©mw \q‰m≠p hsc sFkvem‚n¬ \ne-hn-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂ "tkKv' kmln-Xy-tØm-SmWv B_p am∏n-fI - m-hy-ßsf Xmc-Xa - y-s∏-Sp-Ønb-Xv. kvtI‚nt\hn-b≥ kaq-lØ - ns‚ {]tXyI kmln-Xy-am-bn-´m-bn-cp∂p"tkKv' Adn-bs - ∏-´ncp∂-Xv. {InkvXym-\n-Iƒ Ah-cpsS aXkwkvImcw {]Ncn-∏n-°p-hm≥ kpdn-bm\n "I¿tkm\n' I≠p-]n-Sn-®p. kwkvIr-XØ - ns‚ aqibn¬ hm¿sØ-SpØ ]pcm-tW-Xn-lm-k-ß-fm-Wt√m Bcy-h¬°-c-W-ImeØv {]Xy-£s - ∏-´X - v? Ckvem-anI kwkvIm-cØ - ns‚ kq£n-∏n-\mbn Ad_oa-eb - m-fhpw ]nd-hn-sIm-≠p. e£-Zzo-]nse F√m hyh-lm-cß - ƒ°pap≈ `mj-bm-bn-cp-∂p. AXv Imk¿tKm´pw Xe-t»-cn-bn-epw sImSp-ß-√q-cpw s]m∂m-\n-bnepw Bep-h-bnepw sIm®n-bnepw B `mj B[n-]Xyw ]pe¿Øn-bn-cp∂ Hcp Ime-hp-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

D®m-cWw ae-bm-f-Øn-t‚Xv, ]Zm-h-en-Iƒ ]e-`m-j-bp-sS-Xpw. en]n, ae-bm-fo-I-cn® Ad-_n-bnepw. kmln-Xy-tØm-sSm∏w Iem-kmw-kvIm-cnI cwK-ß-fnepw AXv kzm[o\w sNep-Øn. CuW-ß-fn¬ AXv hyXy-kvXX ]pe¿Øn. AXn∂v kp{]-[m-\-amb Hcp e£y-ap-≠m-bn-cp∂psh∂pw B_p Is≠-Øp-∂p˛ CkvemanI {]t_m-[-\w. CXn∂p hyXn-bm\w kw`-hn-®Xv ASp-Ø-Im-eØv am{X-am-Wv. "hyXn-bm-\sØ ]ptcm-K-a\w' F∂p hnfn-®p-IqSm F∂pw At±lw A`n-{]m-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. CtX A`n-{]mb-a-s√-¶nepw Ihn Dss_Zv XXz-Øn¬ B_pthmSv tbmPn-®n-´p-≠v. Bhiy-amb ]cn-jvIm-c-߃ hcp-Øp-∂-Xn\v Dss_Zv FXn-c-√m-bn-cp-∂p.

Dss_-Zns‚ ]cn-{ia ^ew IqSn-bmWv am∏n-f-∏m-´p-Isf Imhy-tI-cfw {i≤n-°m≥ XpS-ßn-bXv B_p-hns‚ IrXn hmbn-®-tijw kplrØp

80

81

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IqSn-bmb Dss_Zv Ab® IØv. ""......kkvt\lw Ab® ]pkvXIw ssI∏-‰n. \µn. B ]pkvXIw Iøn¬ In´n-b-t∏mƒ Xs∂ H∂p adn®p t\m°n. kw£n-]vX-am-bn-s´-¶nepw "Ad-_oa-e-bmf kmln-Xy-Øns‚ F√m hi-ßfpw \n߃ kv]¿in-®n´p-s≠∂p ImWp-∂-Xn¬ kt¥m-jn-°p-∂p. CtX-hsc B¿°pw km[n®n-´n-√mØ Cu al¬ tkh\w \n¿∆-ln® \nß-tfmSv ae-bm-fn-Iƒ s]mXp-shbpw am∏n-f-k-ap-Zmbw {]tXy-In®pw IS-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p.'' (3.12.70) C∂p ImWn-°p∂ Xc-Øn-ep≈ Ad-_n-`mjm ]T-\-Øn-∂p≈ D’mlw B_p Pohn-®n-cp∂ ImeØv apkvenwIƒ°p≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. aebmf ]cn-`m-jI - sf B{i-bn-®p≈ Jp¿-B≥ ]T-\ß - f - m-bn-cp∂p k¿∆-{X. Ad-_n-ae - b - mf `mj-tbm-Sp≈ _‘hpw Ab-™p-Xp-Sß - n-bn-cp-∂p. B_p tJZ-]q¿∆w Fgp-Xp-∂p: ""Ad-_p-`m-jt- bm-sS∂ t]mse Xs∂ Ad-_n-ae-bmf `mj-tbmSpw tIcf apkvenwIƒ°p-≠m-bn-cp∂ _‘w Ab-™pXp-Sß - n-bn-cn-°p-Ib - m-sW-∂p-≈Xv tJZ-Ic - a - mb Hcp hkvXp-Xb - m-Ip-∂p. Cu \yq\X ]cn- l - c nt® aXn- b m- I q. Ct∏mƒ apkv e nwIƒ s]mXpsh ssIImcyw sNbvXp-hc - p∂ ae-bmf `mj-bn-te°v am∏n-fk - m-ln-Xy-Ønse {][m\ {KŸ-߃ ]eXpw hnh¿Ø\w sNtø-≠X - p-≠v. ]t£ Ad_n A£-c-am-e-bnse 4,6,7,9,11,14,15,16,17,18,19,30,31 F∂o kYm\-ß-fn\n¬°p∂ A£-cß - f - psS D®m-cW - ß - sf {]Xn-\n-[o-Ic - n-°m≥ ]cym-]vXamb h¿Æ-߃ ae-bmf A£-ca - m-eb - n-en-√. Cu \yq\-X°v DNn-Xa - mb ]cn-lmcw ImWp-∂X - n\p apºv Ad-_n-hm-°p-Iƒ ae-bmf en]n-bn¬ FgpXn-Øp-S-ßm≥ Im´nb hy{KX A]-cm-[-am-bn-t∏mbn'' Hcp Kth-j-Is‚ i–-amWv B_p ]e-t∏mgpw \sΩ tIƒ∏n-°m-dv. en]n ]cn-jvIc - W - h - pambn _‘-s∏´v B_p \S-Ønb ]cn-{i-aß - ƒ G‰p-]n-Sn-®v "ssdt‰gvkv eoKns‚' {]kn-U‚pw kmwkvIm-cnI \mb-I\ - p-am-bn-cp∂ Sn.-]n.-Ip´ymap km-ln_v tIcf `mjm C≥Ãn-‰yq´neqsS Nne {ia-߃ \S-Øn-bn-cp-∂p.

C≥Ãn-‰yq-´ns‚ B`n-ap-Jy-Øn¬ ]e hnZ-Kv[∑ - mcpw ]s¶-SpØ N¿®-Ifpw AsX-Øp-S¿∂v Hcp ]≤-Xnbpw cq]w sIm≠p. ]s£ AsX√mw `c-Wcw-KsØ NpI∏p \mS-bpsS \qem-am-eI - fn¬ s]´p-t]m-bn.

B_p, am∏nf ae-bm-f-Øn¬ {]kn-≤o-I-cn® Bbn-c-Øn¬ ]cw {KŸ-߃ tiJ-cn-°p-I-bpw Iodn-∏-dn™ {KŸ-Øns‚ Ah-in-„-߃ kq£va-ambn ]cntim-[n®pw Np°n-®p-fn™ {KŸ-Øm-fp-Iƒ XtemSn \nh¿Ønbpw Iptd ]gb {KŸ-ß-fp-ambn £am-]q¿∆w \nc-¥cw a√Sn®pw am∏n-f-`m-j-bn¬ h∂p-s]´ {Zmhn-U-a-≤y ]uckvXy `mjm k¶-e\sØ ]‰n a\- n-em-°m≥ {ian-®n-´p-≠v. BZn-a-Im-esØ am∏nf ae-bmf-Øns‚ kz`mhw \√-t]mse a\- n-em-°p-Ibpw GsX√mw {KŸ-ßfn¬ B `mj D]-tbm-Kn-®n-´p-s≠∂v ]Tn-®-dn-bp-Ibpw sNbvXn-´p≈

Hcmƒ°p am{Xta AØcw Hcp Kth-jWw km[y-am-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂p-≈q.

Xn∫p\_n (-{]-hm-NI sshZyw) X¿÷a sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cp-∂-t∏mƒ {InÃv _lvcn F∂ Ddp-Zp-hm-Iy-Øns‚ A¿∞w In´m-Ø-Xp-sIm≠v F´pam-k-tØmfw ]cn-`mj \n¿Øn-sh-t°-≠n-h-∂n-cp-∂p. am∏n-f-°hnbpw cknIkm{am-´p-am-bn-cp∂ Ip™mbn≥ apkv-eym-cpsS I∏-∏m-´n\v Hcp hymJym\w cNn-°p-tºmƒ ]mbv°-∏-ens‚ LS-\m-hn-ti-j-ß-fpw ]ZyØnse Nne {]tbm-K-ß-sf-]-‰nbpw Ah-Kmlw t\tS-≠-Xp-≠m-bn-cp∂p.

Xs‚ Hcp _‘p-hns‚ klm-btØmsS hS-I-c-°-Sp-Øp-≈ Hcp hµy-htbm-[nIs\ I≠p]nSn-®p. Abmsf Hcp Znhkw Xe-t»-cn-bn¬ Iq´n-s°m≠p-h-cn-Ibpw sNbvXncp∂p. Abm-fpsS hnemkw Adn-bmambncp∂ _‘p-hns‚ A{]-Xo-£nX acWw F√mw XInSw adn-®p. hµy-h-tbm-[nIs‚ am∏n-f-∏m-´n-ep≈ ]mfinXyw A]m-c-am-bn-cp-∂p. Aßn-s\-bp≈ Hcp hy‡nsb A¬]t\cw am{Xw ssIøn¬ In´n \jvS-s∏´p t]mb-Xnep≈ B_p-hn-s‚ -tJZw Hcn°epw Ah-km-\n-°m-Ø-Xpw. ]Xn-s\m∂mw \q‰m-≠n¬ cNn-°-s∏´ Nne Ad-_n-a-e-bmf {KŸ-߃ hsc tiJ-cn°m≥ B_p-hn\v Ign-™n-cp-∂p. `mj kºp-jvS-am-°nb \_n-N-cn{Xhpw I¿Ω-imkv{X {KŸ-ßfpw sshZy-im-kv{X- IrXnIfpw A]q¿∆-amb t{]aImhy-ß-fpw hm\-im-kv{X-{K-Ÿ-ßfpw AXn¬ s]Sp-am-bn-cp-∂p.

AXns‚sb√mw ]n≥_-e-Øn¬ tIc-f-bq-Wn-th-gvkn-‰n-bpsS IognAd_n ae-bmf kmln-Xy-kw-_-‘-ambn Kth-jWw \S-Ønb P: sI._n.Fw lpssk≥,- Imen-°‰v bqWn-th-gvkn-‰n°v Iogn¬ Kth-jWw \S-Ønb Fw.-F≥.Imc-t»cn F∂n-h¿°v KWy-amb klmbw sNøm≥ B_p-am-ÿ°v Ign-™p. Ad-_n-a-e-bm-fsØ hymI-c-W kmln-Xyhpap≈ kw]p-„-amb Hcp `mjbmbn Ah-X-cn-∏n-®-Xn-∂mWv B_p-amÿ°v tIcf kwKoX \mSI A°m-Z-an-bpsS AwKo-Imcw In´n-b-Xv. hy‡n-Xm-ev]-cy-߃ hnK-Wn®v Cu kmXznI-\mb kmln-Xy-Im-c≥ Ad_n-a-e-bm-f-Øns‚ D∂-a-\-Øn∂p th≠n D’m-ln-®p.

"Ad-_n-a-e-bmfw Hcp `mjm-ssh-Ir-X-am-bn-t∏mbn' F∂v Icp-Xp-∂hcpw apkvenwIƒ AXv AwKo-I-cn-®Xv sX‰m-bn-t∏mbn F∂v ]cn-X-]n°p-∂-hcpw \ap-°n-S-bn¬ D≠v. Ah¿ sI.-]n.-A-∏s‚ hm°p-Iƒ {i≤n°-s´.""- X - \ n- ° p- X s∂ sXfn- ™ p- I n- ´ mØ Imcy- ß ƒ ]d- b m≥ {ian°ptºmgpw kz¥w Nn¥-bn-√mØ k¿§m-flI k¶o¿ÆX Ds≠∂p hcpØnØo¿°m≥ Ir{Xn-a-ambn Fgp-Xm≥ Xp\n-bp-tºmgpw Nne I]-Scq-]-߃ D≠m-Ip-∂p.......''

IÆ-»-∏-Wn-°-∑m-cpsS ae-bm-f-hpw cma-N-cn-X-Ønse `mjbpw `mjmssh-Ir-X-ß-fmbn Bcpw hnti-jn-∏n-°m-dn-√. ae-bmf `mj A]q¿Æ-Xbn¬ \n∂v ]q¿Æ-X-bn-te-s°-Øn-bXv Fgp-Ø-—s‚ Ime-Øv am-{X-ambn-cp-∂p. kwkvIrXw ae-bm-f-Øn¬ Fgp-Xn-b-t]m-se-bm-bn-cp∂p aWn-

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{]-hm-f-hpw. Fgp-Ø-—∂p apºp-Xs∂ D≠m-bn-cp∂ Ad-_oa-e-bm-f-`mj-bnse GXm\pw ]Z-ßsf Nq≠n-]-d-bp-∂-h¿ kz¥w ]mc-ºcyw kuIcy-]q¿∆w ad-°p-∂p. Aøm-bnctØmfw IrXn-Iƒ sIm≠v kº-∂-am-bncp∂ Hcp `mjsb A{X-thKw Xg-tb-≠-Xpt≠m? t\csØ kqNn-∏n-®t]mse ae-bm-f-Øns‚ AtX io{L-X-bn¬ Ad-_oa-e-bmfw hf¿∂n√ F∂Xv Hcp hkvXp-X-bm-Wv. {]mtZ-inI ]Z-߃ D®-cn-°p-hm≥ Ad-_nbn¬ kam- \ - ß - f mb A£- c - ß ƒ C√m- X n- c n- ° p- t ºmƒ AXn- ∂ mbn Ad_n A£-c-ß-fn¬ Bh-iy-amb ]cn-jvIm-c-߃ hcp-Øn-Øo¿ØXmWv Cu `mj-bpsS ]q¿∆-Ime Ncn-{Xw. "t{Im[w' "sImtcmZ'ambn ]cn-h¿Øn-°-s∏-´Xv Hcp DZm-l-c-Ww. A\y-`mjm ]Zm-h-en-Iƒ°v {]hln-°m≥ ae¿s° hmXn¬ Xpd-∂n-´p- sIm-Sp-Ø-Xm-bmWv Ad-_o-a-e-bmf-tØmSv ASp-°p-tºmƒ \mw ImWp-I. ae-bm-f-Øn-se∂ t]mse Ad_oa-e-bm-f-Ønepw Xan-gnse ssien-Ifpw {]tbm-K-ßfpw A[n-I-am--bp≠m-bn-cp-∂p. hneyw-tem-K≥ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Ønb am∏n-f-s∏-Æp-߃ ""XØ]mSpw t]mse'' ]mSn-t°-´Xv am∏n-f-∏m-´nse Cuc-Sn-I-fm-bn-cn-°-Ww. F√m Np≠nepw Hcp ImeØv am∏n-f-∏m-´ns‚ am[pcyw Dudn-bn-cp-∂p˛ {]tXyIn®pw h\n-Xm-hn-`m-K-Øn-s‚. ]q¿∆-Im-esØ A£-cm-`ym-k-hpw hn⁄m\ kºm-Z-\hpw Ad_oa-e-bm-f-Øn-em-bn-t∏m-bXv Ip‰-I-c-am-hp-∂n-√. ae-bm-f-`m-jsb ]cn-jvIcn-∏m-\p≈ `Ko-cY {ia-ß-sfm∂pw Ad-_n-a-e-bm-f-Øns‚ cwK-{]-th-i\-Øn\p th≠n-bn-cp-∂n-√. {]th-in-®t- ∏m-gm-Is´ AXv ]oen-hn-S¿Øn BSn. At∏mƒ AXns‚ kuIp-am-cy-hpw ku-µ-cyhpw F{X-bm-bn-cp∂p! BZc-hp-Iƒ A\m-Z-c-hp-I-fm-bn, Aew-`m-hhpw Ah-K-W-\-bp-ambn amdnØo¿∂-t∏mƒ \ap-°m¿°pw AXv th≠m-Ø-Xp-ambn! A{Xtbbp-≈q. ]Xn-\mdmw \q‰m-≠ns‚ a[y-Im-eØv am{X-amWv aWn-{]-hm-f-Imhy-߃ {]Xy-£-s∏-´-Xv. AXn-∂p-apºv Xs∂ Ad-_o-a-e-bmf kmlnXyw \ne-hn¬ h∂n-cp-∂p. AXnse ]g-b-]m-´p-Iƒ C∂v an°-hmdpw ad™p\n¬°p-I-bm-Wv. hs´-gp-Øn-s‚bpw tImse-gp-Øn-s‚bpw ImesØ `mjm ktlm-Z-cn-sb∂ \ne°pw Ad-_oa-e-bm-f-Øn\v ]g-b-Im-eØv ÿm\ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Ad-_oa-e-bm-f-Øn¬ h¿Æ-߃ h¿≤n-°p-Ibpw Ad_n, t]¿jy≥,- I-∂-S, Xan-gv,- kw-kvIr-X-]-Z-߃ ÿm\w ]nSn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXXv c≠mw L´-Øn-em-Wv. Hcp kºq¿Æ `mj-bpsS hf¿®bmWv AtXmsS kw`-hn-®-Xv. ]S-∏m-´v, In -∏m-´v, sI p]m-´v, IØp-]m-´v, -D¿Zn∏m-´v, -a-Zvlv]m-´v, -Io¿Ø-\߃,- am-e-∏m-´v,- I-eym-W-∏m-´v F-∂n-ßs\ ]e D]-hn-`m-K-ß-fp-ap-≠m-bn. Chbv°v LS\msshin-„y-hpw Ae-¶mc `wKnbp-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Ieym-W-∏m-´n¬Xs∂ ssaem-©n-∏m-´v, H∏-\-∏m-´v,- AΩm-bn-∏m´v F∂o D]-im-J-I-fp-≠v. DØ-tc-¥y-bn¬ D¿Zp F{]-Im-ctam A{]-Im-c-am-bn-cp∂p tIc-f-°-c-bn¬ Ad-_oa-e-bmfw. "Ihnbpw `mjbpw'

Hcp Ime-L-´-Øn\v hn⁄m\w ]I-cp-Ibpw Hcp kaq-lsØ tImƒa-bn¿ sIm-≈n-°p-Ibpw sNbvX Ad-_oa-e-bm-f-Ønse Imhy-߃ cW-`q-hn-en-dßn c‡-km-£nXzw hcn-°m≥ t{]cn-∏n® Hcp Imhy-{]-ÿm\-ambn Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. {_n´ojv km{am-Py-Xz-i-‡n-bpw AXn∂p apºv t]m¿Øp-Ko-kp-Imcpw Cu `mjsb \in-∏n-°m-\p≈ {ia-߃ \S-ØnbXv CXnse ]S-∏m-´p-I-fpsS amkva-cnI i‡n I≠pw tI´pw Adn-™Xp-sIm-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. 1921 se el-f°m-eØv Ad_oae-bmf IrXn-Iƒ tXSn-∏n-Sn®v \in-∏n-°m-\p≈ {ia-߃ Bkq-{Xn-X-ambn \S-∂n-cp-∂p.

1868˛¬ _mk¬ anjy≥Im¿ Xe-t»-cn-bn¬ ÿm]n® A®p-Iq-SØn¬ \n∂p A®-Sn-hnZy ioen® Ip™l-ΩZv Fs∂m-cmƒ kz¥-ambn Hcp {] v ÿm]n-®Xp apX-¬ Ad-_oa-e-bmf {KŸ-߃ A®-Sn®p XpSßo- ´ p- ≠ v . ae- b m- f - Ø n¬ Cµp- t eJ {]kn- ≤ o- I - c n- ° p- ∂ - X n\p apºv Ad_oae-bmf `mj-bn¬ ""Nm¿ Z¿thiv'' F∂ t\mh¬ shfn®w I≠p. ^m¿kn `mj-bn¬ \n∂p≈ hnh¿Ø-\-am-bn-cp∂p Cu IrXn. Ad-_o-ae-bm-f-Øn¬ [mcmfw \nL-≠p-°ƒ cNn-°-s∏-´n-´p-≠v. Nm°ocn-bpsS ]cymb \nL-≠p, X^vko¿ Pem-sse-\nsb B{i-bn-®p≈ Jp¿-B≥ hnh¿Ø\w, C_v \ p- l - P ¿ sslØan- b psS- ""- X plv ^ '' F∂ I¿Ωimkv{X-{K-Ÿ-Øns‚ ]Øp-hm-fy-߃˛ Ch Ad-_oa-e-bmf kmln-XyØnse ¢mkn-°p-I-fm-Wv. {]mNo\ ae-bm-f-Ir-Xn-I-fn¬ `K-h-ZvKo-Xbpw cmam-b-W-hpw -`m-K-h-X-hp-amWv ]›m-Ø-e-am-hp-∂-Xv. aWn-{]-hm-f-Ønsshin-I-X{¥w XpS-ßn-b-hbpw. Nºp-°-fpsS {]Jym-]nX e£yhpw `‡n-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Cu kml-N-cy-Øn-emWv Ad-_oa-e-bmf `mj-bpsS AkvXnXzw A¿∞-h-Øm-hp-∂-Xv. \ncWw Ihn-Iƒ kzoI-cn-®Xv ae-bmf-hpw X-angpw kwkvIr-Xhpw Ie¿∂ Hcp an{i-`m-j-bm-bn-cp-∂p. \mS≥]m´p-I-f-psS XpS¿®-sb-t∂mWw h∂ ""IrjvW-KmY'' Hcp P\-Iob IrXnbmbn KWn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p. ""kmam-\y-ambn ]d-™m¬ IrjvW-Km-Y-bnse `mjm-inev]w aWn-{]-hmfw, ]m´v,- \m-S≥]´v F∂o aq∂v kmln-Xy-[m-c-

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F∂ teJ-\-Øn¬ tUm: Fw.-Kw-Km-[-c≥ Cßs\ ]d-bp-∂p: ""hm°pIsf D]-I-c-W-ß-fmbn D]-tbm-Kn-®mWv a\p-jy≥ X\n-°p-Np-‰p-ap≈ hkvXp-{]-]-©-sØ-∏‰n t_m[-hm-\m-b-Xv. Cu {]]-©-Øns‚ hnhn-[-hi-ßsf kqNn-∏n-°m-\pw,-]e - c - o-Xn-bn¬ kwtbm-Pn-∏n-®pw th¿Xn-cn®pw hyhlm-cam-°m\pw Nn”-ß-fmb hm°p-Iƒ AS-ßp∂ `mj a\p-jys\ klm-bn-®p.'' Ad_oae-bmfw Cßs\ klm-bn-®Xv Bdmw \q‰m≠v apX¬ Chn-tS°p h∂ CkvemanI kwkvIm-c-sØbpw \h-apkvenwIsf-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p. ae-bm-f-Øn-emWv ]c-Iob ]Z-߃ A[nIw h∂Xv F∂v kn.hn.`´-Xn-cn-∏mSv A`n-{]m-bs - ∏-´Xv Ad_oae-bm-fsØ ]‰n Adnhv e`n-°m-ØXpsIm≠v am{X-am-bn-cn°pw. ]c-Iob ]Z-ß-fpsS tLmj-bm{X-bmWv Cu \ho\ `mj-bn-ep-≠m-b-Xv.

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I-fp-sSbpw kwtbm-P-\-Øn¬ \n∂pbn¿sIm≠ \qX-\-amb Hcp cq] kwhn-[m-\-am-Ip-∂p. AXv Htc kabw ]g-b-Xns‚ kzm`m-hn-I-amb XpS¿®bpw hy‡-amb sshe-£Ww ]pe¿Øp∂ hyXy-kvX-am-sbmcp Imhy-]m-c-º-cy-Øns‚ \hm-h-Xm-chp-am-Wv. sNdp-t»cn ]pXnb ae-bmfw kr„n-®p-sh-∂√ C∏-d-™-Xn∂¿∞w. 14 Dw 15 Dw iX-I-ß-fn¬ "‚' cq]-߃ \nd-™-a-Wn-{]-hmf Ihn-X-Ifpw `mjm-an{i-amb \ncWw IrXnIfpw P\n® Ime-Øp-Xs∂ \√ ae-bm-f-Øn-ep≈ cN-\-Iƒ hS-°≥ Zn°p-I-fn-ep-≠m-bn-´p-≠v.'' (Nm-Ø-\mØv ANyp-X-\p-Æn) Ad-_oa-e-bm-f-Øn¬ kwkvIrX ]Z-߃ Fgp-Xp-tºmƒ en]n ]cnanXnaqew A\p- t bm- P y- a mb am‰w hcp- Ø n- b - X n- ∂ p- Z m- l - c - W - a mWv . "sImtcmZw'. "t{Im[w' sX‰n-®p-®-cn-®-XmWv "sImtcmZw' F∂ hymJym\w icn-b-√. hmbvsamgn sX‰n-t∏m-b-Xm-sW∂p kwi-bn®p t]mIp∂ ]e ]Z-ßfpw IrjvW-Km-Y-bn-ep-≠v. H∆msX (H-°m-sX) Hm¿® (Hm¿a) CSßm-dv(-X-S- w) Iq‰v (i-–w) tXmenbw (tXm¬hn) sNdp-t»-cn-bpsS Nne {]tbm-K-߃ kw`-hn-®Xv A\-h-[m-\X aqe-amWv F∂v D≈q¿ A`n{]m-b-s∏-´n-´p-ap≠v.

Ad_oae-bmf `mj-bnse hymI-cWw A\yq\a√m-bn-cn-°mw. ]t£ ""Hcp an{i-`m-j-bn¬ kw`-hn-°m-hp∂ \yq\-X-Isf s]cp-∏n®p Imt´-≠-Xn-√. hymI-c-W-Øn¬ ]mfin-Xy-ap-≈-h¿ HØp-tN¿∂v ]cn-lcn-t°≠ {]iv\-am-W-Xv. IrjvW-Km-Y-bn¬ ImWp∂ hymI-c-W-߃ hymI-c-W]-c-amb khn-ti-j-X-I-fmtb `mjm-im-kv{X-PvR≥am¿ ]d-bp∂p-≈q˛ D≈q-cn-s\-t]m-ep-≈-h¿ AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂n-s√-¶nepw'' (Imhy`mjbnse {]iv\-߃˛ (-t]Pv 135) B_p ]d-bp-∂Xpw Hcn-°¬IqSn {i≤n°p-I. ""am∏n-f-km-lnXyw ]Tn-°p-Ibpw AXn∂v Ct∂m-f-ap-≠m-bn-´p≈ hymI-c-W-{K-Ÿ-߃ A]-cym-]vX-am-sW∂v hcp∂ ]£w Hcp hymIcW {KŸw cNn-°p-I-bp-am-Wm-hiy-w. ""cma-Ncn-X-Øn¬ ImWp-∂-Xp-t]mse kºq¿Æ-{In-bm-i-–m-¥yambn "Øp' Ad-_n-a-e-bm-f-Ønepw [mcm-f-ambn D]-tbm-Kn®p ImWm-dp≠v. kmt¶-XnI ]T-\-Øn∂p hnt[-b-am-°n-b-h¿ Ad-_n-a-e-bm-f-Øn\v c≠v eLphymI-c-W-߃ Xøm-dm-°n-bn-´p≠v. am‰-Øn-cp-Ø-ep-I-fn-√msX \n¬°p-∂Xv kwkvIrX hymI-c-W-am-Wv.'' ^mZ¿ tPm¨ Ip∂-∏-≈nbpsS "i–-ku-`Kw' F∂ hymI-c-W-{K-Ÿ-Øns‚ Ah-Xm-cn-I-bn¬ sI.hn.-B¿.ss] ]d-bp-∂p: ""hf¿∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ `mj-bpsS hymI-cWØn∂p IqsS-°qsS ]cn-jvI-cn® ]Xn-∏p-Iƒ D≠m-ImsX hø. kwkvIrXsØ t]mse an°-hmdpw \n›-e-am-bn-cn-°p∂ `mj-Iƒ°v "A„m[ymbn' t]mse ÿnc-amb hymI-cWw aXnbm-bn-cn-°-Ww.'' Ad-_n-a-e-bm-f-`m-j-bpsS AXn-i-‡-amb h‡m-°-fn¬ Hcm-fmb H.B_p B `mj-bn¬ \nc-¥-c-amb Kth-j-W-߃ \S-Øn-s°m-≠n86

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cp∂ Hcp hy‡n-bmbn IqSn-bmWv Adn-b-s∏-´Xv. Xs‚ Xs∂ Nne \nKa-\-߃ am‰n-∏-d-bm≥ At±lw aSn-Im-Wn-®n-cp-∂n-√. k^o-\-∏m-´p-I-sf∏-‰n-bp≈ Kth-jWw ""Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmlnXy Ncn-{X-Øn-\pa-∏pdw At±lw sIm≠p-t]mbn-. ""alm-\mb Ip™m-b≥ apkv-eym¿ cNn® ""I∏∏m´v'' F∂ IrXn°ptijw Fgp-X-s∏´ Ad-_n-a-e-bmf ]Zy-Ir-Xn-Iƒ k^o-\-∏m-´p-Iƒ F∂ t]cn¬ Adn-b-s∏´p'' F∂v Ad-_oa-e-bm-f-kmlnXyNcn-{X-Øn¬ Rm≥ ]d-™Xv ChnsS Xncp-Øp-I-bm-Wv. B ]pkvXI-Ønse Nne hkvXp-X-Iƒ Cu ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-tºmƒ Nne Xncp-Øp-Iƒ Bh-iy-ambn h∂n-´p-≠v.'' {]kn-≤o-I-cn-°m≥ th≠n FgpXn A]q¿Æ-ambn sh®n-´p≈ "k^o\∏m´p-I-fpsS e£Ww' F∂ {KŸ-Øn-emWv Cßs\ ImWp-∂-Xv. At±lw XpS-cp-∂p. ""hy‡n-lr-Zb-ßsf ckn-∏n-°p-I-bpw,-]-hn-{Xo-I-cn®pw Bflobt_m[hpw [¿Ω-Nn¥bpw D±o-]n-∏n®pw Pohn-XsØ If-¶-c-ln-X-ambpw tkmt±iy-]q¿Æambpw \bn-°p-hm≥ t{]cn-∏n-°pI F∂-XmWv k^o\∏m´p-I-fpsS Dt±iyw. Cu Dt±-iysØ adn-I-S-°p∂ IrXn-Iƒ Ad-_o-a-e-bm-f-Øn¬ FgpX-s∏-´mepw GXp coXn-bn¬ Fgp-X-s∏-´mepw GXv sskkv IS-em-knteJ\w (ap-{Z-Ww) sNø-s∏-´mepw k^o-\-∏m-´p-I-fm-hp-I-bn-√. hy‡ambn∏d-™m¬ \mtSm-Sn-∏m-´p-I-fn¬ NneXv ae-bm-f-km-ln-Xy-ØnDƒs∏-Sp-Øm≥ ]‰mØhbmbn \n¬°p-∂Xp t]mse am∏n-f-∏m-´p-Iƒ F∂ t]cn¬ cNn-°-s∏-Sp∂ Nne-Km-\-߃ k^o\∏m-´p-I-fn¬ s]SpØm≥ ]‰m-Ø-h-bmbn \n¬°p-∂p-≠v.'' am∏n-f-∏m-´ns‚ ]cn-ip≤\maw k^o-\-∏m-´p-I-sf-∂m-°Ww F∂m-bn-cp∂p B_p-hns‚ B{K-lw. tIcf kwKoX \mSI A°m-Zan \¬Inb Ahm¿Un\v \µn-{]-Im-in∏n-®p-sIm≠v Cu A`n-{]mbw Xs‚ adp-]Sn {]kw-K-Øn¬ sIm®n-bnse Xpd∂ thZnbn¬ Ad_oae-bmf `mj-bpsS B Imh¬`-S≥ {]Jym-]n-®p.

Imk¿tKms´ Dss_-Zn-s‚bpw ]p∂-bq¿Ip-fsØ _m∏p-hn-s‚bpw Xe-t»-cn-bnse B_p-hn-s‚bpw \ncym-W-tØmsS am∏n-f-∏m-´ns‚ h¿Æi_-f-amb Xqh-ep-Iƒ sImgn™p-t]m-bn. B_p apJy-ambpw ssIsh®Xv ]ucm-Wn-I-amb am∏n-f-∏m-´p-I-fnepw KZykmln-XyIrXn-I-fnepam-bn-cp-∂p. alm-Ihn tambn≥Ip´n sshZy-cpsS IrXn-I-fpsS ]p\x-{]-Im-i-\-Øn-eqsSbpw kvamc-I-\n¿Ωm-W-Øn-eqsSbpw ImWp∂ DW¿∆v am∏n-f-∏m-´p-IfpsS aq∂v ap≥ kmc-Yn-I-fp-sSbpw Bflm-hns\ kt¥m-jn-∏n-°p-am-bn-cn°pw. ***** ***** *****

87

t\Xr-kvar-Xn-k© - nI

H.-B_p

t\Xr-kvar-Xn-k© - nI

H.-B_p

CJv_m¬ Ihn-X-I-sf-]‰n Bg-Øn¬ ]Tn-°p-Ibpw a\\w sNøpIbpw B alm-I-hn-bpsS H∂n-e-[nIw cN-\-Iƒ ae-bm-f-Ønte°v hnh¿Ø\w sNøp-Ibpw sNbvX c≠p {]apJ KZy-Im-c-∑m¿ tIc-fØns‚ sX°pw hS°pw Pohn-®n-´p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ]c-hq-cn¬ h°w A–pJmZ-dpw Xe-t»-cn-bn¬ H.-B-_p-hpw. c≠p-t]-cp-sSbpw Pohn-X-Øn¬ Hcp ]mSv kmay-X-Iƒ I≠n-cp-∂p. Ccp-hcpw {]kw-K-th-Zn-Iƒ Hgn-hm°n {KŸc-N-\-I-fn¬ apgp-In. XpS-°-Øn¬ c≠p-t]cpw ]{X-{]-h¿Ø-\-Øn-em-Wv {i≤n®n-cp-∂-Xv. c≠p sshZy-∑m-cm-bn-cp∂p c≠p-t]¿°pw kmº-ØnI klm-bhpw a‰pw sNbvXp-sIm-Sp-Ø-Xv. h°-Øn\v tXmakv sshZycpw B_p-hn\v ae-bmf ^m¿akn sshZy¿ Fw.-hn. apl-Ω-Zpw, alm-c-Y-∑mcmb tIkcn _me-Ir-jvW-∏n≈ h°w A–p¬ JmZdn∂pw aq¿t°mØv Ipam-c≥ H. B_p-hn∂pw am¿§-Z¿in-I-fm-bn. a-c-W-hp-ambn a√n´p Pohn°p-tºmgpw A_vZp¬ JmZdpw -B-_phpw Xß-fpsS NnIn-’-°p-th≠n ^≠v ti-J-cn-°p-∂-Xns\ FXn¿Øp. h°w Hcp NnIn-’bpw ths≠∂p ]d™ hy‡n-bm-bn-cp-∂p. B_p, Xs∂ NnIn-’n® tUmŒ¿ tPmknt\mSv Xam-i-cq-]-Øn¬ tNmZn-®p. ""tUmŒ¿, Xm¶ƒ F∂n¬\n∂p ^okv hmßm-ØXv Fs‚ tcmK-߃ amdp-Ib - n-s√∂p Xo¿®-bm-°n-bXp sIm≠mbn-cn-°pw At√?'' tPmkv tUmŒ¿ Cu ]cm-a¿i-Øn-\p-tijw Xs‚ tcmKn-bpsS Bizm-khpw Bfl-hn-izm-khpw ap≥\n-dpØn ^okv kzoIcn-®p-Xp-Sßn. c≠p-t]cpw Adp-]-Øn-\memw hb- n-emWv Ime-KXn {]m]n®Xv.

Xembv am°q´w kvIqfn-epw s]m∂yw am∏nf kvIqfnepw ]Tn-∏n®Xp sIm≠mWv bphm-hm-bn-cn-°p-tºmƒ Xs∂ B_p-hn\v "amÿ' ]´w In´n-b-Xv. Hcp ]c-ky-Øn¬ BIr-„-\mbn A≤ym-]\w \n¿Øn anen-´dn k¿∆o-kn¬ tN¿∂p. Zqsc Nn‰tKm-ßn-em-bn-cp∂p \n-b-a\w In´n-b-Xv. amk-߃ Ign-™-t∏mƒ anen-´dn Hm^o-knse tPmen aSpØv cmPn-sh®p. \m´n¬ Xncn-s®-Øn-b- tijw tUmŒ¿ temly-bpsS Blzm\w tI´mWv D∏p-k-Xy-{K-l-Øn\p ]pd-s∏-´-Xv. tkmjy-enÃv ]{X-amb ]uc[z-\n-bn¬ Fgp-Xn-Øp-S-ßp-Ibpw ]{X-Øns‚ amt\-P¿ ÿm\w hln°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. aq¿t°mØv Ipam-c-\p-am-bp≈ ASp∏w {io\m-cm-bW ktµiw ]Tn-°m≥ Ah-kcw \¬In. kmaq-ly-cw-K-sØ-∂-t]mse Xs∂ A°m-eØv kmln-Xy-Ønepw {io\m-cm-bW ktµ-i-Øns‚ Iml-f-[z\n apg-ßn-bn-cp-∂p. 1936˛¬ B_p cNn® BZysØ Ihn-X-bpsS t]cpw "Fs‚ Kpcp'-sh-∂m-bn-cp-∂p. AtXmsS Xs‚ cwKw KZy-c-N-\bpw Ihn-Xsb-gpØpw ]{X-{]-h¿Ø-\-hp-am-sW∂ Xncn-®-dn-hp-ap≠m-bn. PohnXImew apgp-h≥ Fgp-Øn¬ ASn-bp-d®p \n¬°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. B_p-hns‚ Xqen-I-bpsS ]n¥pW In´m≥ F√m cmjv{Sob ]m¿´nIfpw B{K-ln-®p.

B IcpØv kap- Z m- b - Ø ns‚ kwkv I - c - W - Ø n- \ pw kaq- l - Ø ns‚ Dbn¿sØ-gp-t\¬]n∂pw th≠n D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øm-\mWv B_p Xocpam-\n-®-Xv. {io\mcm-b-W-kwLw am‰w hcp-Øm≥ B{K-ln-°p∂ Nne A\m-N-mc--߃ Xs‚ kap-Zm-b-Ønepw A≈n-∏n-Sn-®n-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂ t_m[w At±-l-Øn¬ DW¿∂p. kv{Xo[\ k{º-Zm-b-Øn-∂pw, ImXpIpØv Ieym-W-Øn\pw am¿°-°-eym-W-Øn\pw FXnsc i‡-ambn Xncn™p. AtX-∏‰n Iptd cN-\-Iƒ \S-Øn. ""ldm-ans‚ a°ƒ'' F∂ kwKoX \mSIw cNn-®-Xn∂v ]e FXn¿∏p-Ifpw kap-Zm-b-Øn¬ \n∂pb¿∂p. ]s£ AXv Ac-tß-dnb Xe-t»-cn-bnepw IÆq-cnepw Bfp-Iƒ \mS-I-Øns‚ bYm¿∞ ktµiw Xncn-®-dn-™p. sI.-Sn.-ap-l-Ω-Zns‚ "CXp `qan-bmWv' F∂ \mS-I-hpw ]n.-F≥.Fw Ben-t°m-b-bpsS "hºØo \obmWv s]Æpw' Ac-tß-dp-∂-Xn\p hfsc apºv sNdp-X-√mØ Ne\w kr„n-°m≥ "ldmans‚ a°ƒ'°pw' Ign-™n-cp-∂p. h©n-∏m´v coXn-bncNn® \mS-I-Ønse Hcp Km\w hfsc t]m∏p-e-dm-bn-cp-∂p. ""Imip-]Ww Imip-]Ww kap-Zmbw apSn-°p∂ \mi-Im-co, alm-amco \in-®nt√ \o F{X-sb-{X-tbmjamsc I-c-bn®p \o CX-fp-Iƒ hncnbpw apsº--{X-sb-{X-]q-sam-´p-Iƒ Cdp-Øtlm \ne-Øn´p Icn-®nt√ \o'' Cu hcn-Iƒ FgpXn Zi-I-߃ Ign-bp-∂-Xn\p ap≥]v bmYm¿∞Øn-ep≈ Hcp Hfn-t®m´ \mSIw Xe-t»-cn-bn¬ Ac-tß-dn. apIpµv Sm°okn∂p kao-]-ap≈ D∂X Xd-hm-´n¬ \n∂p Hcp apkvenw s]¨Ip´n

88

89

ssZ\y-X-bpsS hS-t°-b‰w

t\Xr-kvar-Xn-k© - nI

H.-B_p

t\Xr-kvar-Xn-k© - nI

H.-B_p

Aapkvenw bphm-hns‚ IqsS Hfn-t®m-Sn-t∏m-bn. ""CX-fp-Iƒ hncnbpw apsº Hcp at\m-lc ]pjv]w IqSn \neØv hoWp Nhp´n saXn-°s∏´p''. "`mKye-£van'-bm-bn-Øo¿∂ {]kvXpX s]¨Ip-´n°v `mhn-bn¬ kw`-hn-°mhp∂ hn]-Øp-Iƒ `mh-\-bn¬ I≠p-sIm≠v B_p amÿ cNn® sIm®p t\mh¬-˛ Hfn-t®m-Snb s]Æv F{Xtbm t]sc Ic-bn-®p. Ic-bn-∏n-°p-Ibpw, Nn¥n-∏n°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ Iptd IYm-]m-{X-߃ AXnep≠m-bn-cp∂p. XpS¿∂v amÃ-dpsS hI, kap-Zmb t\Xr-Xz-Øn\p t\sc hncNq≠p∂ Hcp Ihn-Xbpw {]Xy£-s∏-´p. ""tXt\m IpSn-°q-√ IpSn-∏n-°q√ Zot\m \S-Øq√ \S-Øn-°q√ \otbm acn-°q√ acn-∏n-°q√ Xotbm sISp-Øq√ sISp-Øn-°q√'' FXn¿∏pIsf hI-sh-°msX kmaq-ly-\-∑°p th≠n XqenI Nen∏n® B_p lrZvc‡-Øn¬ ap°n-bmWv -Nne hcn-Iƒ°v Poh≥ \¬Inb-Xv. temly-bp-sSbpw tIi-h-tZ-hn-s‚-bpw s]m≥Ip∂w h¿°n-bp-sSbpw AtX kzcw Xs∂bmbn-cp∂p B_phpw tIƒ∏n-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂-Xv. aplvbn-±o≥am-e-bnse kmln-Xymw-isØ ImWmsX B ImhysØ FXn¿°p∂ "]ptcm-K-a-\-°msc' I≠m¬ B_p kp∂o-]-£-Øm-Ipw. "Jp¿-B≥ ]T-\-Øn\v Hcp apJ-hpc' F∂ JzmPm Iam-ep-±os‚ \nkvXpe IrXn-bnse at\m-l-c-amb Bi-b-߃ ImWmsX AXns\ A‘-ambn FXn¿°p-∂-hsc I≠m¬ At±lw JmZn-bm\o ]£-Øm-hpw. Abmƒ t{]m{K-kohv eoKp-Im-c-\m-sW∂p ]d-™p-\-S-°p-∂-h¿ At±lw cNn® kn-F®v.apl-ΩZv tImb Ah-Xm-cnI FgpXn {]kn-≤o-I-cn® "koXn-kmln_v' F∂ IrXn Iøn-se-Sp-°p-tºmƒ Cbmƒ Hcp eoKp-Im-c-\t√ F∂v A¤p-X-s∏-Spw. eoKp-Im-c-\mb H.-am-ln-\men \S-Ønb "apPm-lnZv' ]{XØns‚ kl-]-{Xm-[n-]-cm-sW-¶nepw B_p-am-ÿ eoKp-Im-c-\p-am-bn-cp∂n-√. A°m-eØv Hcp eoKp-Ip-∏m-b-an-´n-cp-s∂-¶n¬ At±-lsØ At\zjn®v F{Xtbm ]Whpw {]Xm-]hpw hcp-am-bn-cp-∂p. kq^n-k-Øns‚ Ihm-S-ß-fn-se√mw ap´n-t\m-°nb B_p-am-ÿ CJv_m-ens‚ "Pohn-X-clky'ØnemWv Dd- ® p- \ n- ∂ - X v . kzX- { ¥- N n¥ At±- l sØ "Camw K men'bnepw "{io\m-cm-b-W-Kpcp'hnepw FØn-®n-cp-∂p. B_p-sh∂ A¤pX {]Xn-`m-ksØ B¿°pw kz¥-am-°m≥ Ign-™n-cp-∂n-√. B_phns‚ bYm¿∞ apJw Is≠-Øm-\m-hp-∂-h¿ "\msf'bpsS hmXn¬°ImØn-cn-°p-∂p-≠m-hpw. At±-l-hp-am-bn ASpØp s]cp-am-dnb Hcp injy≥ tNmZn®p: ""Rm≥ Xm¶sf t]mep≈ Hcp Fgp-Øp-Im-c-\m-hmØ-sX-¥mWv?'' amÃsd sNmSn-∏-n°m-\m-bn-cp∂p B tNmZyw. DSs\ DØcw h∂p: ""\o CXp-hsc ]´nWn ioen-®n-´pt≠m?'' alm ]finX\pw Ncn-{X-Im-c-\p-am-bn-cp∂ C_v\p J¬Zq≥ Zmcn-{ZysØ ]‰nbpw ]´n-

Wnsb ]‰nbpw Fgp-Xn-b-sX√mw B_p-hns‚ Bflm-hns‚ ]Yy-amb Blm-c-am-bn-cp-∂t√m. tIc-f-Øns‚ sX°p≈ Fgp-Øp-Im¿ Ft∏mgpw `mKy-hm≥am-cmbn-cp-∂p. Ahsc {i≤n-°m≥ Gsd t]¿ ImWpw. B_p hSt° aqebmb Xe-t»-cn-bn¬ Npcp-≠p-Iq-Sm≥ hn[n-°-s∏-´-h-\m-bn-cp-∂p. A[ym-]\w, ssk\n-I-tk-h-\w, ]{X-{]-h¿Ø-\w, {KŸ-c-N-\ F∂o cwK-ß-fn`mKy-]-co-£Ww \S-Ønb At±-l-Øn\v In´nb hcp-am\w Ft∏mgpw Xp—-am-bn-cp-∂p. tI{µ kmlnXy A°m-Z-an-bpsS s]≥j≥ XpI sNdnb Bizmkw \¬In. Xs‚ \mev]Xv IrXn-I-fn¬ H∂p-t]mepw kq£n-®psh-°m-Xn-cp-∂Xv tIh-e-amb A\mÿ sIm≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. kmº-Øn-Iamb {]tXyI Ah-ÿm-hn-tijw sIm≠m-bn- cp-∂p. In´nb Ah-km-\sØ tIm∏n t]mepw Hmtcmtcm {]Xn-k-‘n-bn¬ s]´v hn‰p-t]m-Ipw. B_p Pohn-°m≥ N{I-izmkw hen-°p-tºmƒ Nne {]km-[-I¿ ASp-Øp-h-∂Xv -{Um-°pfsb t]mse-bm-bn-cp-∂p. acn-®n-´pw, ih-Øn¬ IpØp∂ IgpI≥amsc t]mse At±-l-Øns‚ IpSpw-_sØ Ah¿ h´-an-´p. Hcn-°AXy-]q¿∆-amb Hcp {KŸw B_p-hns‚ ]°¬ I≠ Hcp {]-km-[I≥ AXns‚ hne-b-t\z-jn-®p. amÿ ]e Hgn-hp-I-gn-hp-Iƒ ]d-™n´pw Abmƒ ]n∑m-dn-bn-√. At∏mƒ bYm¿∞ hne-bpsS Cc´n ]d-™p. {]km[-I≥ B {KŸ-Øns‚ A]q¿∆X a\- n-em°n amÿ ]d™ hne Ioi-bn¬ \ns∂-SpØp sImSp-Øp. B_pkmln_v H∂pw ]d-bm-\mhmsX Abm-fpsS apJ-tØ°v Zb-\obambn t\m°n. amÃ-dpsS HcpØakplrØv AhnsS sh®p-t]m-b-Xm-bn-cp∂p B Aaqey {KŸw.

Ipd®p Znhkw Ign™v kplrØv h∂p Xnc-°n-b-t∏mƒ amÃ-dpsS Ahÿ IqSp-X¬ Zb-\o-b-am-bn. H∂pw ]d-bm-\m-hmsX Xe-Ip-\n-®n-cp∂-t∏mƒ -kp-lr-Øns‚ a´p amdn. hm°p-Iƒ k`y-X-bpsS AXn¿hn-´pXp- S - ß n- b - t ∏mƒ,- amÃ- d psS IÆn¬ \n∂v c≠n‰p NpSpIÆo¿ am∏nfkmln-Xy-°q-ºm-c-Øn¬ h∂p ]Xn-®p. AtXmsS amÿ°p \„s∏-´Xv A]q¿∆-amb Hcp {KŸhpw Hcp Nnc-Ime kplr-Øns\bpam-bncp-∂p.! amÃ-dpsS Ignhpw Adnhpw a\- n-em°n klmb kl-I-c-W-߃ sNbvXp-sIm-Sp-Ø-h-cm-bn-cp∂p Ncn-{X-Im-c-∑m-cmb ]n.-F.-sk-bvXp- ap-lΩZpw tUmŒ¿ kn.-sI.-I-co-apw. Xß-fpsS Ncn{X]c-amb ZuXyw sNdnb a´nse¶nepw sNbvXpsh∂ Nmcn-Xm¿∞yw Ah¿°p-ap-≠m-hpw. skbvXp apl-ΩZv ]e-t∏mgpw kwkvIrXØnem-bn-cn°pw amÃ-dp-ambn kwkm-cn°p-I. Icow Cw•o-jnepw. aq¿t°mØv Ipam-c≥, Xncp-ap-JØv Ip™ncm-a≥ sshZy¿, Sn.kn ]Wn-°¿,- H-tX-\≥ Kpcn-°ƒ-˛-C-h-cn¬ \n∂v amÿ kwkvIrXw ]Tn-®n-cp∂psh∂v -A-t±-l-Øns‚ Bfl-kp-lrØv tIm´pfn

90

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t\Xr-kvar-Xn-k© - nI

H.-B_p

A∏p-°p-´≥ sshZy¿ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. skbvXv apl-Ω-Zns‚ AIme Nc-a-Øn¬ AXoh ZpxJn-X-\m-bn-cp∂p B_p amÿ. tUmŒ¿ kn.-sI.-Icow Fgp-Xn-b-t]mse ""`mjm-km-lnXy thZnbn¬ D∂-X-tcm-sSm∏w B_psh {]Xn-jvTn-°m≥ Bcpw an\-s°-´n-√. ]fin-tXm-Nn-X-hpw, ssh⁄m\n-I-hp-amb B {KŸ-ß-sf-∏-‰n-bp≈ ]T\-tam, Bkzm-Z-\-tam, ]cm-a¿iw t]meptam \S-Øp-hm≥ A[n-I-t]cpw Hcp-ßn-bn-√. B_p-km-ln-_n-s\-t∏mse Pohn-X-Im-ew apgp-h≥ kmlnXo k]cy \S-Øn, B {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fpsS CS°p Xs∂ Ncaw ]qInb A[nI t]sc tIcfw I≠n-cn-°p-I-bn-√. At±-l-Øn-s‚ {KŸ-ßfpw C…m-anI {]ÿm-\-hp-am-bn-´p-≠m-bn-cp∂ _‘-hp-am-bn-cp∂p CXn-∂p≈ Imc-W-ß-fn-sem-∂v. Xe-ÿm\ \K-cn°p Np‰p-ap≈ "kw]q-Py¿''°p am{Xta AwKo-Imcw In´p≈q F∂p≈ Hcp Zmcp-Wm-hÿbpw Gsd°mew \ne-\n-∂n-cp-∂p. apkvenw kap-Zm-b-sa-¶nepw H.-B-_p-sh∂ am∏nf kmln-Xy-Im-c-t\m-Sp≈ Xß-fpsS IS-∏m-Sp-Iƒ At±-l-Øns‚ Pohn-XIm-eØpw acn-®n´pw Xo¿Øn-´pt≠m F∂ tNmZyhpw _m°n-\n¬°p-∂p.''

B_p-hns‚ CSØpw he-Øp-ambn Dcp-In-Øo¿∂ sagp-Ip-Xncn sh´-Ønem-bn-cp∂p At±-l-Øns‚ ]e {]i-kvX-amb IrXn-Ifpw P∑w sIm≠Xv. hni-∏ns\ sacp-°n-sb-Sp-°m≥ At±lw I≠ {]Xn-hn-[n-If - m-bn-cp∂p Nmbbpw, hm≤ym¿ _oUn-bpw. Adp-]-Xnepw At±-l-Øns‚ Xe-bn¬ \c-Ib-dn-bn-´p-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. hnim-e-amb s\‰n-Ø-S-Øn\p Iogn¬\-£-{X-߃ t]mse c≠p IÆp-Iƒ Pzen®p \n∂p. he-tØXv Fs‚Xp t]mse sX‰v IÆm-bn-cp-∂p. Npfnhv hogmØ ssIIm-ep-I-ƒ {]mbw hnfn®p ]d™n-√. _mly-i-co-c-Øn¬ AXns‚ {]I-S-\-ß-sfm-∂p-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. sNdp-∏-Øn¬ ioen® If-cn-∏-b‰v ico-csØ hSn-shm-Ø-Xmbn kq£n®p. ]t£ \n¿\n{Z-cm-hp-Iƒ Poh- p‰ IrXn-Iƒs°m∏w kΩm-\n® AkpJ-߃ F∂pw At±-lsØ Ae-´n-s°m-≠n-cp-∂p.

B_p Hcp ]mSv IrXn-Iƒ A]q¿Æ-ambn sh®mWv hnS-]-d-™Xv. H∂n-e-[nIw Htc ka-bØv Xøm-dm-°p-∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p At±-l-Øns‚ ioew. kc-kzXo {_m“-W¿°p-th≠n Hcp enJnX `mj, F∂ At±l-Øn-s‚bpw kplrØv B¿.-Fkv.{]`p-hn-s‚-bpw kz]v\hpw \nd-thdmsX t]mbn. {]`p-hns‚ s]mSp-∂s\bp≈ ac-W-am-bn-cp∂p {][m\ Imc-Ww. Pq_nen tdmUn-ep≈ kmam\yw \√ hoSv hn‰-t∏mƒ At±-lØns‚ ssIøn¬ Iptd Imip h∂p. AXp sIm≠v Iptd IS-_m-[y-XIƒ Xo¿Øp. tN‰w Ip∂nse CS-h-gn-bn¬ Hcp sNdnb `h\w hmßn, Ahn-tS°p Xmakw am‰n. GXp DuSp-h-gn-bnepw Ccn-°m≥ Hcp sNdnb apdn In´n-bm¬ Ahn-tS°p At±-l-Øns‚ Hm^okv apdn-bpw am‰pw.

92

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H.-B_p

A¬]w hmS-I-Ip-d-b-W-sat∂ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p-≈q. amkm-¥-i-ey-amb hmSI-bn¬ \n∂p Xosc ap‡-am-Im≥ HSp-hn¬ Xs‚ ho´nse tImem-bnXs∂ taibpw Itk-cbpw sIm≠p-sh-t°-≠n-h-∂p. Hmtcm amfn-I-∏pdw hnSp-tºmgpw AhnsS hn¬°m≥sh® A\y {]kn-≤o-I-cW߃ Xp—amb hne°v sImSpØv Hgn-hm-t°-≠n-h-cpw. aX-]-c-amb ]pkvXI߃ hmßm≥ HmWw tIdm aqe-bn¬ hcp∂h¿ hnc-en-se-Æm-hp-∂-h¿ am{Xw. lc-Pn-Ifpw t\m´o-kp-Ifpw Xøm-dm-°p-hm≥ amÃsd At\z-jn®p \S°p-∂-h¿ At±lw t]mIp-t∂-S-sØ-√mw Fßn-s\-sb-¶nepw FØpw. amÿ ]e-t∏mgpw X´n-°q-´m-dp≈ eLpteJ-I-ƒ, aqey-h-Ømb IrXnIƒ°n-S-bn-se Iran-I-fm-sW-¶nepw Nne kmº-Øn-I-t\-´-߃ hcp-Øp∂-h-bm-Wv. PohnX-N{Iw apt∂m-´p-t]m-Im-\p≈ Nne sN∏Sn hnZy-Iƒ!

C∂v Fgp-Øp-Im-cs‚ PohnXw Xmc-X-tay\ t`Z-am-Wv. kz¥w IrXnIfpw t]dn hn¬°m≥ \S-∂-h-cpsS Iq´-Øn¬ Hcp ImeØv alm-Ihn h≈-tØmƒ t]mep-ap-≠mbn-cps∂-∂m-W-dn-hv. kmln-Xo-k-]cysIm≠v B_p-hn\v In´nb hcp-am\w hfsc Xp—am-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ F{Xtbm ]pcp-jm-bp- p-Isf [\y-am-°p-∂-Xm-bncp∂p At±-l-Øns‚ cN-\-Iƒ. AXv sshhn≤yw sIm≠v {i≤n-°-s∏´p. AXnse ssh⁄m-\n-I-am\w Db¿∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. apkvenwIfpsS D∂a-\-am-bn-cp∂p AXv e£yw sh®n-cp-∂-Xv. \thm-∞m\ \mb-I-\m-bn-cp∂ aplvbn±o≥ ssiJns‚ Poh-N-cn-{X-hpw B alms‚ {]ikvX IrXnbmb "^pXq-lp¬ ssK_n's‚ hnh¿Ø-\hpw ]Xn-\m-bn-c-°-W-°n\v tIm∏n-Iƒ hn‰p ImWpw. {]km-[-I-∑m-cp-ambn hne-t]-ip∂ kz`mhw At±-l-Øn-∂p-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. Hmtcm IrXn-bpsS cN\bneqsS e`y-amb Bfl kmbqPyw \mW-b-°nep°tØ-°mƒ \n¿hr-Xn-Zm-b-I-am-bn-cp-∂p.

GtXm Ain- £ n- X - a mb Ic- ß ƒ temI- { ]- i - k v X - a mb ""^Xp- l papCu≥ -F∂ IrXn ae-bm-f-Ønte°v hnh¿Ø\w sNbvXp hnIr-X-am°n-b-Xns\ Xs‚ Xqen-I-kv]¿i-Øm¬ hmbn-°m-hp∂ ]cp-h-Øn-em-°nb-t∏mƒ B_phn-\p-≠mb kt¥mjw A]m-c-am-bn-cp∂p!

Hcp CS-th-f-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. A∂v {]km-[-I-∑m¿ {KŸ-I¿Øm°ƒ°v Xß-fpsS {]Xn-^-e-ambn \¬Inbncp-∂Xv Xpey-hn-e-°p≈ ]pkvX-I-am-bn-cp∂p. am-Ã-dpsS Ccp-f-S™ apdn-bn¬ \n∂p Aßn-s\bp≈ ]pkvX-I-߃ hn‰p-t]m-hpI kw`-hy-a-√m-bn-cp-∂p. Ah-sb√mw Ahn-sS-In-S∂p s]mSn ]nSn®p Np°n-®p-fn-bp-tºmƒ ]gb ]pkvX-I-ß-fmsW∂p IcpXn ]ecpw FSp-Øp-sIm-≠p-t]m-Ipw. \nPÿnXn Adn-bp∂ A]q¿∆w Nne¿ Cc´n hne sImSpØpw hmßpw. Nqj-W-߃°p ]e apJ-hp-ap≈ ImeØv Pohn® ]mhw Fgp-Øp-Im-c-\m-bn-cp-∂p, B_p. ""epJvam-\p¬ l°o-ans‚ \qdp-]-tZ-i-߃''°p \qdp ss]k t]mep-an√mØ [\y-am-b-Im-e-sa-∂pw B Imew hnti-jn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂p!

93

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H.-B_p

kq^n-k-sØ-∏‰n B_p [mcmfw Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v. AXn¬ kq^nh-cy-∑m-cmb ^co-Zp-±o≥ AØm-dn-s‚-bpw dqan-bp-sSbpw [mcmfw D≤-cWn-Iƒ D≠m-hpw. At±-l-Øns‚ kq^n B`n-ap-Jy-ap≈ IrXn-I-fm-bncp-∂p, ^pXp-lp¬ ssK_pw -Ckvem-ans‚ kuµ-cyhpw C®bpsS hncpØ-ßfpw k -- q-^nkw˛ Hcp ]T-\hpw. euIn-I-kp-Jm-Uw-_-c-ß-tfmSv At±l-Øn\v \nt»jw Xmev]-cy-an-√m-bn-cp-∂p. Zmcn{Zyw At±-l-Øns‚ Iq´pIm-c-\mbncp∂psh∂v ]d-bmw. At±lw hb-dp-\n-d®v Hcp t\c-sa-¶nepw `£Ww Ign® Znh-k-߃ hnc-f-am-bn-cp-∂p. At±-l-Øns‚ tai-∏p-dØv ImWpI ]e-Xcw t]\-Ifpw UnIvj-W-dn-I-fp-am-bn-cn°pw. t]\-Iƒ ]ecn¬ \n∂pw kΩm-\-am-bn- h-cp∂-hbm-Wv. AXpam{Xw F{X hne-In-´nbmepw ssIhn-Sn-√. C√m-bvabpw h√m-bvabpw At±-l-Øns‚ CSØpw he-Øp-ambn \S-°p-tºmgpw B inc v Db¿∂p-Xs∂ \n¬°pw. ae-bm-f^ - m¿akn sshZy¿ Fw.hn.-ap-lΩ - Z- ns‚ NnIn-’m-eb - Ø - nse Hcp sIm®p apdn-bn-em-bn-cp∂p ""BtcmKy _‘p'' amkn-I-bpsS Hm^okv. sshZy-cp-sSbpw ^m¿a-kn-bp-sSbpw t]cpw {]i-kvXnbpw tIc-f-Ønapgp- h \pw ]pdØpw hntZ- i - Ø p- t ]mepw hym]n- ∏ n- ® Xv ""BtcmKy _‘p''hm-bn-cp-∂p. kl]{Xm-[n-]-cm-bn-cp∂ B_p amÃ-dm-bn-cp∂p AXns‚ ]n∂nse Nme-I-i-‡n. sshZy-cXv\w ]n.-Fkv hmcn-b-cpsS ""[\z-¥cn'' Btcm-Ky-am-kn-Isb t]mepw ]n∂n-em°n Npcp-ßnb Imew sIm≠v tIc-f-Ønse an° IpSpw-_-ß-fnepw ""BtcmKy _‘p'' IS-∂p-sN∂p. sI´nepw a´nepw AXym-I¿j-I-am-bmWv BtcmKy _‘p-hns≥d Hmtcm e°hpw ]pd-Øn-d-ßn-b-Xv. ]w‡n-Iƒ sshhn[yw sIm≠v {i≤n-°-s∏´p. ^m¿a-kn-bpsS D¬∏-∂-ß-fmb t]mØn≥ {Zmh-Ihpw aZ-\-tam-l-\te-lyhpw hmßn D]-tbm-Kn°mØ hoSp-If - ns-√∂mbn. ^m¿akn sshZy¿ tIc-f-Ønse {]apJ Pn√m Bÿm-\-ß-fn-se√mw t]mbn tcmKn-Isf ]cn-tim[n-°p∂ k{º-Zm-bhpw ""BtcmKy _‘p'' amkn-I-bn-eqsS hf¿Øn-sb-Sp-Ø-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. Cu {]kn-≤o-I-c-W-Øns‚ Akq-bm-h-lamb {]Nmcw a\- n-em°n thsdmcp {]kn-≤o-I-c-Wm-ebw Xs∂ XpSßn-bm¬ Xc-t°-Sn√ F∂p hnNm-cn®v sshZy¿ XpS-ßn-b-XmWv ""A\okv ]ªn-t°-j≥kv''. AXn-s‚bpw Nm¿÷v B_p amÿ°p Xs∂. _‘߃ _‘-\-ß-fmbn hcp-∂-Xns\ t]Sn® B_p amÿ, Bfl kplrØmb A∏p-°p-´≥ sshZy¿°v ""BtcmKy_‘p'' amkn-I-bpsS kl]-{Xm-[n]ÿm\w Hgn-™p-sIm-SpØv Xs‚ ""am\-kn-Im-tcmKyw'' hos≠Sp-Øp. hSt° ae-_m-dnse hyh-kmb {]ap-J-\m-bn-cp∂ F.-sI. Ip™nam-b≥ lmPn B_p amÃsd ]‰n Adn-™Xv Aev]w sshIn-bmbnt∏mbn.

B_p- h ns\ ho´n- t e°v Imd- b ®v hnfn®p hcpØn X‚ ""au≠v

πk‚ v''_w-•m-hn-en-cp-Øn,- km-aq-ly-{]-iv\-ßfpw euInI Imcy-ßfpw N¿®sNbvXp. Xm≥ kpJ-Nn-In-’°p th≠n sh√q-cn¬ t]mIp-tºmƒ amÃ-sdbpw IqsS Iq´n, {]ta-l-tcm-K-Øn\v hnZKv[ NnIn’ sNbvXp sImSp-Øp. c≠p t]cpw c≠m-gvN-tbmfw sh√q-cm-ip-]{Xnbnse ASpØ ASpØ InS-°-bn¬ InS-∂p. B thf-bn-emWv aZvl-_p-Iƒ XΩn-ep≈ hyXym-k-sØ-∏‰n lmPn kmln-_v, amÃ-dn¬ \n∂p IqSp-X¬ hnh-c߃ a\- n-em-°n-b-Xv. \m´n¬ F-Ønb DSs\ AtX-∏‰n Hcp {KŸw cNn-°-W-sa∂ lmPn-km-ln-_ns‚ B{Klw ap≥ \ndp-Øn, \qtdmfw t]Pv hcp∂ Hcp sIm®p-{K-Ÿ-Øn\v amÿ cq]w \¬In. AXv GtXm {]kn-≤o-I-c-Wm-e-b-°m¿ hmßn-s°m≠p t]msb-∂mWv amÃ-dpsS Hm¿Ω. AXv thsdmcp cq]-Øn¬ ]n∂oSv shfn®w I≠-Xmbpw amÿ ]d-bp-∂p. lmPn-km-ln-_ns\ ]‰n B_p A\p-kva-cn-°p-∂Xv Cß-s\bm-Wv. ""At±-l-Øn-s‚ hy‡nXzw A]-{K-Yn®v ]Tn-°p-hm≥ Rm≥ bXv\n®n-´p-≠v. kvXpXn ]mT-I-cp-sS-bpw -sI-´p-I-Y-°m-cp-sSbpw i–-߃°pw `mh-\-Iƒ°pw B hy‡n-XzsØ {Kln-°m≥ Ign-™n-´p-s≠∂v ]d-™pIq-Sm. Akq-bm-h-l-amb B¿÷-hh -- pw {]Xn-k-‘n-Isf A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn°m-\p≈ Xt‚-Shpw e£y {]m]vXn-bn-ep≈ AN-©-e-amb Bfl-hn-izmk-hp-amWv P: Ip™n-am-b≥ lmPn kmln-_ns\ Akm-[m-cW hy‡nXz-Øns‚ DS-a-bm-°n-Øo¿Øn-´p-≈-sX-∂mWv F\n°p a\- n-em-°p-hm≥ Ign-™n-´p-≈-Xv.'' Aº-Xp-I-gn™ B_p-sh ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ F-\n°v ap∏-Xp-hb v {]mbta D≠m-bn-cp-∂p-≈q. BZy-amZyw R߃ XΩn¬ Hcp ImcyØnepw A`n-{]mb sFIy-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. At±-l-Øns‚ kpNn-¥n-Xamb A`n-{]m-b-ß-tfmSv Fs‚ ]Iz-X-bn-√mØ kwkm-c-߃ ]e-t∏mgpw G‰p-ap-´n-bn-cp-∂p. Fs‚ `mKy-Øn\v km[m-cW kw`-hn-°m-dp≈ s]m´nsØdn amÃ-dpsS `mKØv \n∂p-≠m-bn-√. At±lw Ccp-]Xv h¿j-sØ {]mb-°p-dhv ]cn-KW - n-®n-´p-≠m-Imw. Rß-fpsS s]mXpkplr-Ømb kn.]n DΩ-dpsS im¥-amb CS-s]-S-ep-Iƒ R߃°n-S-bn¬ kam[m\m¥-co£w kr„n-°m≥ klm-bn-°pw. amÃ-dpsS klr-Zb kZ- n-te°v ]m¿kn `mjm-]-fin-X-\mb Icp-Wm-I-c≥ amÃ-tdm _lp-`m-jm-]-fin-X-\mb B¿.-Fkv {]`p-thm DdpZp ]fin-X-\mb l\o^v aue-hn-tbm, tUmŒ¿ kn.sI Icotam Ib-dn-h-cp-tºmƒ Rm\pw kn.-]nbpw amfn-I-ap-I-fn¬ \n∂p sas√ Cd-ßn-hcpw. amÿ {ItaW B kZ- n¬ Ipd®p t\cw Ccn°m≥ Fs∂bpw \n¿_-‘n-®p. H∂pw an≠m-sX, B kZ- n¬ \n∂p tI´ N¿®-Ifpw kmc-h-Ømb hmZ-ßfpw F∂nse Rm≥ F{X sNdnb a\p-jy-\m-sW∂v Fs∂ t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Øn. B_p amÃ-dp-ambn k√m-]ß-fn¬ G¿s∏-´-h¿ {ItaW \√ {]kw-K-It\m Fgp-Øp-Im-ct\m BbnØo-cp-sa∂v B_p amÃ-dpsS ASpØ kplrØv tIm´pfn A∏p-°p-´≥

94

95

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t\Xr-kvar-Xn-k© - nI

H.-B_p

sshZy¿ Hcp teJ-\-Øn¬ Ipdn-®n-´Xv Hm¿Ω-bn¬ HmSn-sb-Øp-∂p.

Rmb-dmgvN sshIp-t∂-c-ß-fn¬ Rm\pw kn.]n DΩ-dpw B_p amÃdpw amÃ-dpsS amS-Øn¬ \n∂n-dßn IS-∏pdØv Im‰p-sIm-≈m≥ t]mhp∂ ]Xnhv XpS-ßn. {]kn-≤-amb "I∏-∏m-´n-'s‚bpw ""\q¬aZlv'' ]m´n-s‚bpw I¿Øm-hpw a-X-]-finX-\pw lmkykm{am-´p-am-bn-cp∂ Ip™m-b≥ apkv-eym¿ A¥y hn{iaw sIm≈p∂ ]men-t»-cn-bnse ]gb Ppap-AØv ]≈n°v kao-]-ap≈ ]qgn aÆn-em-bn-cn°pw R߃ sN∂ncn-°p-I. At∏mƒ Hmtcm am∏n-f-∏m-´ns‚ A¿∞hpw kmc-hpw amÿ Rß-sf-tIƒ∏n-°pw. kn.-]n.°p Kk-ep-I-sf-∏-‰nbpw J∆m-en-sb]-‰n-bpam-bn-cn°pw ]d-bm-\p-≠m-hp-I. Rm≥ ASpØp hmbn® \ncq-]-W-ß-sf∏-‰n-bpw IY-I-sf-∏-‰nbpw hmNm-e-\m-hpw. Nne-t∏mƒ CuÃn¥ym Iº\n-°m-cpsS CSn-™p-s]m-fn™ tIm´-bnse I¬ko-‰p-I-fn-em-bn-cn°pw sN∂n-cn-°p-I. hoc-iqc ]cm-{I-an-bmb ]g-»n-cm-Pm-hns\ Iog-S-°m≥ B¿.sh-√…n ]S-sbm-cp°w \S-Ønb Ncn-{X-amhpw At∏mƒ amÃ-dn¬ \n∂p tIƒ°p-I. ]≠v Xe-t»cn ]´Ww tIm´-bpsS ]ndIp hi-Ømbncps∂∂v lman¬´¨ F∂ Ncn-{X-Im-c≥ ]d-™n-cp-∂phs{X. C∂Xv ap≥ hi-Øm-Wv. IS-e° sImdn-®n-cp∂v k√-]n-®n-cp∂ kmbw-k-‘y-Iƒ Aß-s\ kvarXn-a-fi-e-Øn¬ ISpwNph-∏p-\ndw ]qin-\n¬°p-∂p.

Ah-km-\-Im-eØv da-Zm-\nse Ah-km-\sØ ]Øp-\m-fp-I-fnB_p amÿ sN∂n-cp∂ ÿe-amWv HmS-Øn¬ ]≈n-bnse AI-Øfw. AhnsS AXy-pjvW-Im-eØpw ioXo-I-cn® A¥-co-£-am-Wv. tIbohwi ÿm]-I-\mb aq ° kºm-Zn® ac Dcp-∏-Sn-Iƒ sIm≠p \n¿Ωn® at\m-l-c-amb ]≈n-bm-W-Xv. {]m¿∞n®pw ZnIvdv sNm√nbpw Jp¿-B≥ ]mcm-bWw sNbvXpw amÿ AhnsS Gsd-t\cw Ign-°pw. "Al-Z-h\p'am-bp≈ A`n-ap-J-Øn\p th≠n ]q¿Æambn FgpØpw hmb-\bpw \ndpØp∂ ]Øp Znh-k-ß-fm-W-Xv. tcmKm-Xp-c-\mbn Ign-bp-tºm-gm-bn-cp∂p H.B_psh tXSn tIc-fkw-KoX \mSI A°m-Za - n-bpsS Ahm¿Uv hcp-∂X - v. am∏n-fk - m-ln-Xy-Øn\p th≠n A\¿L-amb kw`m-h-\-I-f¿∏n-®-Xns‚ t]cn¬ A°m-Z-an-bpsS sk{I-´dn t\cn¬ h∂p-Xs∂ £Wn-®p. IqsS-t]m-Ip∂ Hcmƒ°pIqSn F√m- sN-ehpw {^o. kplr-Øp-°-sf√mw kvt\l-]q¿∆w \n¿_-‘n®Xp sIm≠pw am∏n- f - k m- l n- X y- Ø n\p In´p∂ AwKo- I m- c - a m- b Xp sIm≠pw sIm®n-bn¬ t]mbn Ahm¿Uv kzoI-cn-°m≥ amÿ Xøm-dmbn. Rm\pw H.-kp-ss_dpw IqsS t]mbn. amÿ h≠n-bn¬ Ib-dp-tºmƒ aI≥ AlvaZv Hcp s]mXn ssIøn¬ sh®p sImSp-Øp. ]e t\c-ßfnembn Ign-t°≠ Kpfn-I-I-fm-bn-cp∂p AXn¬. sIm®n-bnse s\lvdp- satΩm-dn-b¬ Su¨lmfn¬ Bfp-Iƒ Xnßn-\n-d-™n-cp-∂p. Ad-_n-a-e-bmfw

thcp ]nSn® ÿe-ß-fn¬ H∂m-bn-cp-∂-t√m,- sIm-®n. amÿ tÃPn-te°p B\-bn-°-s∏-´-t∏mƒ F\n°pw At±-l-Øns‚ sXm´p ]n∂n¬ Itkc X∂p. amÿ°p {]kw-Kn-°m≥ høm-Ø-Xp-sIm≠v At±-l-Øns‚ adp]Sn {]kwKw hmbnt°≠ DØ-c-h-ZnØw F\n-°m-bn-cp∂p In´n-b-Xv. F\n°p Np‰pw {]i-kvX-cmb kmln-Xy-\m-b-I-∑m-cm-Wn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ]n.`m-kvI-c≥, -ssh°w N{µ-i-J-c≥ \mb¿, Ddq-_v, Fkv.sI s]m‰-°mSv, F≥.]n.-ap-l-ΩZv, ]n.F≥.-Fw Ben-t°mb F∂n-h¿. ssh°-Øn-s‚ a[pc-a-t\m-l-c-amb kzmKX`mjWØn-∂p-tijw F≥.-]n, B-_psh ]cn-Nb-∏-Sp-Øn. ]n `mkvI-c≥ am∏nf kmln-Xy-\m-b-Is\ s]m∂mS AWnbn®p. Ahm¿Uv t]SIhpw \¬In. sk{I-´dn {]iwkm]{Xw hmbn-®p.

Ddq-_ns‚ A≤y£{]kw-K-Øn\p tijw Fs‚ Dugw. lrZ-b-kv]r°mb adp-]Sn {]kwKw amÿ Xs∂ Xøm-dm-°n-b-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. Rm\Xv Ign-hXpw A£-c-kv^p-S-X-tbmsS \nd™ kZ- n\p apºmsI hmbn®p. s]m∂mS Nm¿Øp-tºmƒ tI´ Ic-tLmjw t]mep≈ Hcp Bchw amÿ AXp-hsc Pohn-X-Øn¬ tI´n-cn-°n-√. XnI®pw hnIm-c-hn-h-i-\mb At±lw thZ-\-Iƒ ISn-®n-d°n Ah-km\w hsc tÃPn¬ Ccp-∂p. kmln-Xy-Im-c-∑m-sc√mw B_p-hns‚ Np‰pwIqSn A`n-\-µ-\-ß-fpsS ]q°qS sNmcn-™p. R߃°v Xncn-®p-t]m-Im≥ FdWm-Ipfw hsc Im¿ G¿∏mSv sNbvXn-cp-∂p. sIm®n Imb-ense Ipfn¿Im‰v At±-l-sØ XtemSn. Xme-s∏m-en-tb¥n \n¬°p∂ t]mse c≠p-`m-KØpw \nc∂p \n∂ hnf-°p-Im-ep-Iƒ {]Im-i-c-ivan-Iƒ hmcn-hn-X-dn. I„n®v c≠p-sIm-√ta ]ns∂ B_p Pohn-®p-≈q.

B_p-hns‚ Iem-lr-Zbw \√-t]mse sXm´dn™Xv Xe-t»cn apkvenw Atkm-kn-tbj≥ {]h¿Ø-I-cm-bn-cp-∂p. Ah¿ ""B_p-kvamcI {KŸ''-Øn-eqsS kzcq-]n® Ccp-]-Xn-\m-bn-c-tØmfw Ddp-∏nI At±l-Øns‚ IpSpw-_-Øn\p \¬In. H.-B_p IrXn-I-fn-eqsS Pohn-°p∂p; B kvac-Wn-I-bn-eq-sSbpw.

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t\Xr-kvar-Xn-k© - nI

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B[p-\nI ae-bmf KZy-Øns‚ hf¿Ø-—≥ F∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp∂ aq¿t°mØv Ipam-cs‚ injy-\m-bmWv H.B_p Adn-bs - ∏-Sp-∂X - v. aq¿t°mØns‚ ssiensb alm-Ihn D≈q¿ hnti-jn-∏n-®-Xv, "{ihW kpµ-camb kwKoXw' F∂m-Wv. Xs‚ cN-\sb∏‰n aq¿t°mØv ]d-™-Xv Cßn-s\-bmWv: ""Rm≥ Nne-sX-gpXn; AXv Nnesc apjn-∏n-®p. Ah¿ Fs∂ IpØn-sb-gpXn. Rm\pw IpØn-sb-gpXn. Cßs\ Iºn-fn-s°´v Rm≥ hn´n´pw Fs∂ hnSp-∂n-s√∂v ]d-™-t]m-se, Rm≥ kmln-Xy-kap-{Z-Øn¬ InS∂p Ae-ap-dn®p \o¥n-°-fn-∏m≥ Hcp hn[w ]Tn®p Ft∂ D≈q.'' Dcp-f-°p-t∏cn sImSp-°p∂ t]mse FXn-cm-fn-I-fpsS hmZ-ap-Jßsf t\cn-Sp-∂Xv B_p hi-am-°n-b-Xv Xs‚ Kpcp-hn¬ \n∂m-bn-cn-°Ww. hnh¿Ø-\-Øns‚ ]e kmt¶-XnI hi-ßfpw B_p a\- n-em°n-bXv Kpcp-hn¬ \n∂p Xs∂. tPm¨ks‚ "dmk-e-kn∂v' XØ IWmc≥ cNn® Hcp hnh¿Ø-\-ap-≠v˛ "ck-te-inI'. AXn∂v aq¿t°mØv Fgp-Xns°mSpØ Ah-Xm-cnI X¿÷-a-°n-d-ßp-∂-h¿s°√mw {]tbm-P\-s∏-Spw. B Ah-Xm-cn-I-bn¬ \n∂v: ""GXp hmIy-Øn-s‚bpw Poh≥ AXnse Bi-b-am-Ip∂p. hm°p-Iƒ Bi-b-Øns‚ `rXytc BIp-∂p≈q. Bi-b-Øn-t∑-em-bn-cn-°Ww ]cn-`m-j-Is‚ t\m´w. aqe-°m-cs‚ lrZ-b-hp-ambn ]q¿Æ-]-cn-Nbw kºm-Zn-°p-I. AXv In´n-sb∂p Xo¿®bm-bm¬, At∏mƒ am{Xw AXv \nß-fpsS `mj-bn-em-°m≥ Ign-bp∂ DØ-a-am¿§w GsX∂v Btem-Nn-°pI. Cßns\ sNøp-∂-Xn¬ aqe-{KŸ-Ønse ]Zm-\p-{I-a-ßsf Ign-bp-∂{X A\p-k-cn-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. c≠masØ `mj-bnse ssieohnti-j-߃°v A¬]wt]mepw Du\w hcpØn-°q-Sm-Ø-Xp-am-Ip-∂p.'' Xs‚ Kpcp-hns‚ D]-tZi \n¿t±-i-߃

Bflm¿∞-ambn A\p-k-cn-®-Xp-sIm-≠mWv B_p-hns‚ hnh¿Ø-\-߃ Ip- ‰ - a - ‰ - X m- b - X v . Ckv e m- a ns‚ kuµ- c yw, Ckv e mw hgn- Ø n- c n- h n¬, Jp¿B≥ ]T\Øn\v Hcp apJ-hp-c, A¬ln-Pm_v F∂o IrXn-I-fpsS hmb-\-bn¬ A\p-`-h-th-Zy-am-Ip-∂Xv hnh¿Ø-\-Ønse C∏-d™ Ipeo\X bm-Ip-∂p.

Kpcphpw injy\pw XΩn¬ \S-∂n-´p-≈Xv Hcp Xcw BZm\ {]Zm\ {]{In-b-bm-sW∂p thWw \n\-°m≥. Hcp ]cn-j¬ ktΩ-f-\-Ønaq¿t°mØv {]kw-Kn-®Xp {i≤n-®m¬ tXm∂pw AXv B_p-hns‚ Bib-ß-fm-sW-∂v. ""Iptd-°mew Ign-™m¬ B ]Z-߃ kz¥-am-sW∂v [cn®p t]mIp-amdv AXmXv `mj-bp-ambn Cgp-In-t®-cp-Ibpw sNøpw. aebm-f-Øn-te°v Cßs\ ln{_p, t]¿ky≥, Ad_n F∂o `mj-I-fn\n∂v IS-∂p-Iq-Snb ]Z-߃°v Hcp Iøpw IW-°p-an-√. DZm-l-c-W-Øn\p ""apJ-Zm-hn¬'' F∂ ]Zw kwkvIr-X-Øns‚ apJ-Øn¬ \n∂p h∂-XmsW∂v hniz-kn-°p-∂-h-cp-≠m-Imw. CXv ""apJvØm-_n¬' F∂ Ad_n ]Z-Øns‚ ae-bm-f X¬`-h-am-Wv. kndn-b≥ `mj-bn¬ \n∂p h∂ ""ssa{Xm≥'' Bcm-sW∂v Gsd-°psd F√m-h¿°p-a-dn-bmw. ""Ioi-bntem'' ""Iok-bntem'' Ddp-∏nI CtS-W-sa-¶n¬ kndn-b-°m-cpsS HØm-i-th-Ww. Ad-_n-°m-tcm-SmWv \Ωƒ Hcp ]mSv IS-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ""ap≥jnbpw'' "ap≥ko∏pw' Ad-_n-bn¬ \n∂p-Xs∂ h∂-Xm-Wv. ""JPm\' bpsS AhIm- i hpw Ah¿°m- W - s {X. "sNbv Ø ms\- ' bpw, "C_v e okns\'bpw sIm≠p-h-∂-h¿°v "dm°p' sIm≠p-h-cm≥ F¥p-aSn? "XI-cm¿' Ds≠¶n¬ AXpw Ad- _ n- I - f p- t S- X m- W v . "Pmkv X n' bps≠- ¶ n¬ AXpw "_m°n'bm-hp-I-bp-am-sW-¶n¬ AXpw Ad-_n-I-fp-tS-Xm-Wv. B_p-hns‚ "am∏n-f-km-ln-Xy-Øns‚ D¬]-Ønbpw hf¿®bpw' t]mep≈ teJ-\-߃ hmbn-®-h¿°p tXm∂p-I, aq¿t°m-Øns‚ Pnlz-bn-eqsS B_p-hmWv kwkm-cn-®-sX-∂m-Wv. aq¿t°mØv IpSpw-_-Øns‚ D‰ _‘p-hm-bn-cp∂p B_p. B _‘p-Xz-am-Is´ GI-tZiw kmay-ap≈ A`n-em-j-ß-fpw A`n-cp-Nn-Ifpw BZ¿i-ßfpw At\ym\yw Dƒs°m-≠-Xp-am-bn-cp-∂p. ""{io \mcm-b-Ws‚ GI-temIw-'' F∂ IrXn°v Ah-Xm-cnI Fgp-Xnb aq¿t°mØv Ip™∏-bpsS hm°p-I-fn¬ ""{io \mcm-b-W-Kp-cp-hns‚ Pohn-X-am-Ip∂ ktµisØ \c-hwi Ncn-{X-Øns‚ GSp-I-fn¬ sh®p LSn-∏n®v , imkv{Xob kn≤m-¥-ß-fpsS shfn-®-Øn¬ ]cn-tim-[n®v, kmº-ØnI hyh-ÿ-Isf-∏-‰n-bp≈ hmZ-ß-fp-ambn X´n-®p-t\m-°n, aX-ß-fpsS Xmc-Xay ]T\w sIm≠v km[q-I-cn®v Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p∂ Cu D]-\ymkw Hcp bYm¿∞ hnizm-kn-bmb apkvenamWv hnc-Nn-®-Xv, F∂p-≈-Xn¬ {]tXy-I-am-sbmcp HuNn-Xyhpw ck-hp-sam-s°-bp-≠v... F√m aX-ß-sfbpw Rm≥ Hcp t]mse _lp- a m- \ n- ° p- ∂ p; F\n°p aX- a n- √ , F∂p ]d- b p- ∂ - h - s c- ° m- f pw

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Bflm¿∞-X-bpw A¿∞-hp-ap-≈-Xv, Fs‚ aX-tØmSv F\n°p _lpam-\-hpw AXn¬ F\n°p hnizm-khpw D≈-Xp-sIm-≠v, Rm≥ F√m aXß- s fbpw _lp- a m- \ n- ° p- I - b pw, Ahsb Rm≥ hniz- k n- ° p- I bpw sNøp∂p F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xn-emWv InS-°p-∂-Xv.'' B_p-hns‚ Ckvemw aX-Øn-ep≈ AN-©e hnizm-ksØ∏‰n \√-t]mse Adn-bp-∂Xp sIm≠m-bn-cn-°p-at√m Ip™-∏-bpsS hf-®p-sI-´n-√mØ Cu {]kvXm-hw. {io \mcm-b-Ws\ tI´-dn™v At±-lsØ kµ¿in-®-hcn¬ kzman hnth-Im-\-µ-\pw Km‘n-Pnbpw Dƒs∏-Sp-am-bn-cp-∂p. At±-l-Øns‚ PohnXhpw XØzNn¥bpw Cu alm-c-Y-∑m-cn¬ hfsc aXn-∏p-f-hm-°n. Xo¿®bmbpw Hcp kap-Zmb ]cn-jvI¿Ømhpw Hcp kap-≤m-c-I-\p-am-bn-cp∂ Cu k\ymkn hcy≥. lnµp-a-XsØ CkvemanI kn≤m-¥-ß-fp-ambn ASp∏n-°p-∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. {io \mcm-bW Kpcp ktµ-iw. t#Km‘n-bn-eq-sSbpw CJv_m-en-eq-sSbpw {io \mcm-b-Ws‚ k¶-ev]-Ønse GI a\p-jy\nepw GI-tem-I-Ønepw FØpI Ffp-∏-hp-am-bn-cp-∂p. alm-i-b-∑m¿ F√m-hcpw am\-hn-ssI-Iy-Øn¬ Du∂n-bmWv XßfpsS Bi-b-߃ {]N-cn-∏n-®n-´p-≈-sX-∂mWv B_phpw hniz-kn-°p-∂Xv. ssZh-Øm¬ \nbp-‡-cm-Ip∂ kmaqly ]cn-jvI¿Øm-°fpw Nn¥I-cpw XØz⁄m-\n-Ifpw Ihn-I-fp-sa√mw Ah-cpsS ZuXy \n¿∆-lWw BZyw Xß-fpsS Np‰p-]m-Sn-emWv \S-Øp-∂-Xv. ]ns∂ AXn-cp-Iƒ°-∏pd-Øp-≈-hcpw AXv {i≤n-°p-∂p. AXn-cp-Iƒ C√mØ Hcp temI-Ønse DØa ]uc-∑m-cmbn temIw Ahsc AwKo-I-cn-°m≥ A¬]w sshIp∂p-sh∂p am{Xw. Xs‚ Kpcp-°-fmb CJv_mepw {io\m-cm-bW Kpcp kzman-Ifpw BZy-amZyw FXn¿∏p-Ifpw _ln-jvI-c-W-ßfpw A\p-`-hn-®h-cm-bn-cp-∂p. Ime-L-´-߃ apt∂m´p t]mb-t∏mƒ Ah¿ alm-]p-cp-j∑m-cm-bn. CJv_m-en-s\-bpw {io\m-cm-bW Kpcphns\bpw lmen-sb-bpw C_v\p-A-d-_n-sb-bpw ]‰n B_p [mcmfw Fgp-Xn. alm-∑m-cmb F√mh-cp-sSbpw Ip´n-°me Pohn-X-Øn-te°pw At±lw IuXp-I-tØmsS Xncn™p-t\m-°n-bn-´p-≠v. CJv_m-ens‚ inIvhbpw Phms_ inIvhbpw At±lw ae-bm-fn-Iƒ°v ]cn-N-b-s∏-SpØnØ∂n-´p-≠v. A√mlp apkvenw kap-Zm-b-sØ Ah-K-Wn-°p-∂-Xn-ep≈ ]cn-`-h-ß-fm-bn-cp∂p CJv_m-ens‚- inIvhx. A√m-lp-hns‚ B⁄-Iƒ A£cw{]Xn A\p-k-cn-®v, temI-Øns‚ F√m tImWp-I-fnepw ]ms™-Øn, Xulo-Zns‚ ZuXyw Bflm¿∞-ambn \n¿∆-ln® Xß-fpsS t\¿t°m C{X-am{Xw ISpØ Ah-K-W-\bpw Ah-⁄bpw \n∂n¬ \n∂p In´n-h-cp-∂-sX-∂p≈ Bhem-Xn-I-fmWv apkvenwI-fpsS {]Xn-\n-[n-sb∂ \ne-bn¬ CJv_m¬ ssZhØns‚ ap∂n¬ sh°p-∂-Xv. AXptI´v apkvenw kap-Zmbw Xs∂ sR´n.

C{X ISpØ `mj-bn¬ A√m-lpsh Bt£-]n-°p∂ Ihn°v Im^ndns‚ kzc-am-Wp-≈-sX-∂m-bn-cp∂p apkvenw kap-Zmbw ap{Z-b-Sn®Xv.

FXn¿∏p-I-fpsS A·n Bfn-∏-S-cs´ F∂v CJv_mepw \n\-®p. -C-Jv_mens‚ L\-Kw-`o-c-amb au\w kap-Zm-bsØ k¿∆-hn-[-Ønepw sNmSn-∏n®p. CJv_m¬ Xe-Xn-cn™ Hcp Ihn-bmWv; Abm-fpsS Nn¥-Iƒ a[p-cØn¬ s]mXn™ ]mjm-W-am-sW∂pw ap≥hn[n-Iƒ h∂p. CJv_m-ens\ Hcp \mkvXn-I-\mbpw kap-Zmbw sX‰n-[-cn-®p. CJv_m¬ Hcmƒ°p am{Xta B ]cm-Xn-Iƒ°v adp-]Sn ]d-bm-\mhq F∂v Hcp ZiI-Øns‚ hnS-hn∂p tijw CJv_m¬ sXfn-bn-®p. C∂v B ""Bh-em-Xn-Ifpw Bhem-Xn-Iƒ°p≈ adp-]-Snbpw'' \mw Hcp-an®v {]kn-≤o-I-cn®pw thK-Ønhmbn®p Xo¿Øpw Bizmkw sIm≈p-∂p. CJv_m-ens‚ ""inIvh'' hmbn®v h¿j-ß-fpsS ]cn-Nn¥-\-Iƒ°pw, N¿®-Iƒ°pw tijw am{Xta Phm-s_-inIvh hmbn-°mhq F∂p≈ Hcp \qX-\m-i-bw B_p apt∂m´p sh®n-cp-∂p. apkvenwIƒ CJv_m-ens‚ "\bm-in-hme' hmbn®v C\nbpw kwibw XocmØhcm-sW∂pw B_p ]d-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p. "\bm-in--hme' bn¬ thZ-hn-im-c-Z-\mb hn{]s\ A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sNbvXp ]d-bp-I-bmWv: ""\n߃°v shdp∏p tXm∂p-I-bn-s√-¶n¬ Hcp kXyw Xpd∂p ]dbmw˛ ]c-kv]cw sshcw sh°m-\mWv ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-sX-¶n¬ \nß-fpsS hn{K-l-߃ ]g-©-\m-bn-t∏m-bn-cn-°p-∂p. ]c-kv]cw ]gn-]-d-bp-Ibpw sshcw h¿≤n-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ "hAfp' (cm-{]-kw-K-߃) tIƒ°ptºmƒ Rm\pw ]≈n-I-sfbpw ld-an-s\bpw Hgn-hm-°m≥ t\m°p-I-bmWv. kme-`-RvPn-I-I-fn¬ ssZh-ap-s≠∂v hniz-kn-°p-∂-h-cmWv \n߃; Fs‚ tZi-Øns‚ Hmtcm Xcn aÆnepw tZh-X-bp-s≠∂p hniz-kn-°p∂-h-\m-Wv, Rm≥. \ap°v c≠p-t]¿°pw A]-cn-Nn-XXz-Øns‚ apJm-hcWw \o°mw. th¿]n-cn™ F√m a\p-jy-k-tlm-Z-c-ß-sfbpw H∂n-∏n°mw. \∑-Iƒ tImcn \nd-°msX lrZ-b-ß-sf√mw acp-`q-hmbnt∏mIp∂p. hcq, \ap-s°mcp ]pXnb t£{Xw ]Wn-bmw. F√m Xo¿∞mS\ tI{µ-ß-fnepw anI® Hcp Xo¿∞m-S-\-tI-{µ-am-W-Xv. AXns‚ Xmgn-I°pSw am\w ap´-Ww. F√m {]`m-X-Ønepw \ap-s°-√m-sam-cp-an-®n-cp∂v a{¥-am-e-]n-°mw. F√m ]qPm-cn-I-sfbpw kvt\l-Øns‚ a[p- cp-Nn-∏n°mw. bYm¿∞ `‡-∑m-cpsS KoX-ß-fn¬ i‡nbpw im¥nbpw tNm¿∂p t]mbn-´n-s√∂v t_m[n-∏n-°mw. kplrZv _‘-ßf - n-emWv F√m bp‡nbpw IpSn-sIm-≈p-∂-Xv.'' {io\m-cm-bW Kpcphpw tIƒ∏n-°m-\p-t±-in-®Xv CXp Xs∂-bmWv F∂v B_p hnizkn-°p-∂p. hn{K-l-߃°v {]m[m\yw I¬]n-°mØ kvt\l-Xo¿∞߃; AhnsS F√m PmXn-a-X-ÿ-∑m-cpsSbpw lrZ-b-߃ H∂n-°p-∂p. am\h kvt\l-Øn-s‚ a{¥-߃ Dcphn´p tIƒ°p-∂p. Aw_-c-Npw-_n-bmb, CJv_m-ens‚ Bi-b-amWv Acphn-∏p-dsØ inh-t£{Xw ]Wn-bp-∂-Xn-eqsS Kpcp {]mtbm-Kn-I-bmbn ImWn®pX∂sX∂v hniz-kn-°p∂ Iq´-Øn-emWv H.-B-_p. Cu {KŸIm-c≥ IpSp- mb a\-ÿn-Xn-bp≈ Hcp ]g-©≥ kp∂n-bmb "Im°'

100

101

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bmsW∂v [cn-°p-∂-h-cp-≠v. aq¿t°mØv Ipam-c≥ AXp-sIm-≠mWv ]d™Xv ""CXv "Im°' hnf-°-√m, s]t{Sm-amIvkv BWv'' F-∂v.

"Kpcp-hns‚ Nn¥-Iƒ temI-a-tßm-f-an-tßmfw hym]n-∏n-°p-∂Xv Xulo-Zns‚ kn≤m¥w {]N-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn∂v kam-\-am-Ip-sa∂v B_p Nn¥n-®p. {io \mcm-b-Ws‚ A\p-bm-bn-Iƒ al-Ømb KpcpZ¿i-\sØ Aew-`m-h-tØmsS ssIImcyw sNøp-∂Xv am\-h-Ip-e-tØmSp Xs∂ sNøp∂ {Iqc-X-bm-sW∂pw B_p hniz-kn-®p. efnX kpµ-c-amb Hcp Bi-b-Øns‚ aq¿®-tb-dnb Bbp-[-hpw AXn∂\ptbm-Py-amb kmlnXy kº-Øp-amWv Kpcp-hns‚ Np‰p-ap-≈-Xv. PmXn-hy-hÿ sIm≠pw, ]utcmlnXy ta[m-hnXzw sIm≠pw No™p \mdnb tIcfaÆns\ DgpXp adn°p-I-bmWv ]≠v amenIv Zo\m-dpw kwLhpw sNbvX t]mse {io \mcmbW kwLw sNøm≥ {ian-®-Xv. B {iaw Fhn-sS-tbm-sh®v ]mfn-t∏mIp-∂p. P\XXn-Iƒ -hn-Zym-`ymkw sIm≠v {]_p-≤-am-I-W-sa∂v Zo¿LZ¿in-bmb Kpcp ]d™v a\- n-em-°n-Ø-∂p. BImiw t]mse ]c∂ Hcp Iym≥hm- k m- b n- c p∂p At±- l - Ø n- ∂ p- ≠ m- b n- c p- ∂ - X v. ""D¬^p√_mechn t]mse- Im-¥nam-''\m-bn-cp∂p At±-lw. A\¥ tjWmbnsb t]mse-bp≈ {_m“-W-\v, B\µ h¿≤-\-\m-bn {io \mcmbW kwL-Øn¬ tN¿∂p {]h¿Øn-°m≥ Ign-™p. At±lw Dgp-Xn´ aÆn-em-bn-cp∂p Fw.kn tPmk-^n-s\-t∏m-ep≈hcpsS bp‡nhmZw thtcmSn-b-Xv. ""a\p-jy\v a\p-jy-Xz-amWv PmXn'' F∂p ]d-bp∂ {]ÿm-\-tØmS-Sp-°m≥ Ip‰n-∏pg IrjvW-∏n≈°pw X߃ Ip™p apkveym¿°pw h°w A–p¬ JmZ¿ aue-hn°pw Fw.kn tPmk-^n\pw kwi-bn®p \n¬t°≠n h∂n-´n-√. Ckveman\pw k\m-X\ [¿a-Øn\p Xs∂bpw A]-cn-Nn-X-a-√mØ Bi-b-am-bn-cp∂p AXv. lnµp-th-Zm¥Øns‚ auenI-amb Hcp Z¿i\w Xs∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p, kzmanPn s]mSn X´n ]pd-sØ-SpØ-Xv. ""t\Sp-∂-Xn-e√m \¬Ip-∂-Xn-emWv'' B\µw IpSn-sIm≈p∂sX∂v At±lw ]d- ™ p. ""Rm≥ F∂pw \osb- ∂ p- a p≈ hn`- P - \ - Ø ns‚ aXn¬s°´p XI¿°m≥'' Blzm\w sNbvXp. ]ptcm-K-Xnsb ]‰n At±l- Ø ns‚ k¶¬]w "\oXn km¿∆- { Xn- I - a m- ° pI' F∂- X m- b n- c p- ∂ p.

A[xÿnX¿ hnZym-`ymkw sIm≠v kº-∂-cm-I-W-sa∂v Kpcp D]-tZ-in®p. "{io\mcm-b-Ws‚ GI-temIw' cNn-°p-tºmƒ aq¿t°mØv Ipam-c\n¬ \n∂p a\- n-em-°nb Kpcp-sh-∏‰nbp≈ ]mT-ß-sf√mw B_p-hns‚ a\- n¬ Xfn-cn-´p \n¬-°p-∂p-≠m-bn-cp∂p. {io\mcm-bW kzman-Isf∏‰n kzX-{¥-amb, Bg-Øn-ep≈ ]T-\-߃ AXn∂p apsº Xs∂ At±lw \S-Øn-bn-cp-∂p. ]pXp-a-Iƒ \nd™ Hcp kao-]\w sIm≠v {it≤-b-amb-XmWv B_p-hns‚ Kpcp IrXn. At\Iw Kpcp-in-jy-∑m¿ t\m°n-°≠ coXn-bn-e-√, B cN-\. B_p, ]pcm-X\ bh-\-kw-kvIm-csØ X≈ns°m≠v bp‡n-]-c-amb Hcp \oXn-imkv{Xw apt∂m´p sh® tkm{I-´o-

kn-t\mSv {io\mcm-bW - K - pcp kzman-Isf D]-an-®n-´p-≠v. ""s]s´∂v bp‡n]camb Hcp \oXn-im-kv{Xw apt∂m´psh®-Xn-ep≈ ]niIv tkm{I-´o-kn∂p ]‰n-t∏m-bn´ps≠¶nepw Kpcp io{LKXn-bn¬ Ncn{XsØ cq]-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ {ian-®n-√. {]kn≤ \ncq-]-I-\mb sI.]n A∏s‚ hm°p-I-fn¬ ""At±lw hn{K-l-ß-fn¬ \n∂v GI-ssZ-h-Øn-te-°pw, t£{X-ß-fpsS ÿm\Øv hnZym-e-b-߃ F∂ Bi-b-Øn-te°pw P\-X-bpsS B{Klßsf XmfØn¬ ebn-∏n-°p∂ coXn-bmWv kzoI-cn-®-Xv.'' ssZh tI{µ-am-\-hn-I-Xbn-em-bn-cp∂p Kpcp-hns‚ t\m´sa∂v B_p Is≠-Øn. CXp aX-ß-fpsS-sb√mw tI{µ_n-µp-hm-bn-cp-∂p. BNm-c-߃°-∏pdw, A\p-jvTm-\߃°-∏pdw Hcp ssZh-ln-X-amWv am\p-jn-I-X. Cu am\p-jn-I-Xsb Ipgn®p aqSn-s°m≠v \ne\n¬°m-sa∂v Hcp aXhpw hymtamlnt°-≠. ""Zmln®p he™ Hcp \mb°v sh≈w tImcns°mSpØ Hcp kv{Xosb'' kz¿§m-h-Im-in-bm-sWt∂mXnb apl-ΩZv \_nbpw am\-hn-I-X-bpsS alØmb amXrI ImWn-®n-´p-≠v. AXp-sIm≠v \√-h-cmb F√m a\p-jycpw tN¿∂m- W v , Cug- h ≥ am{Xa√, Kpcp- h ns‚ ktµiw {]N- c n- ∏ nt°≠sX∂ ktµ-i-amWv B_p-hns‚ D¬Ir„ IrXn \¬Ip-∂-Xv. BZy-amZyw Ihn-X-Iƒ cNn-®n-cp∂p {io aq¿t°mØv ]ns∂ KZycw-KØv Imep-d-∏n-®-Xv, Xs∂-°mƒ anI® Ihn-X-I-sf-gp-Xn-bn-cp∂ Ipamc-\m-im-\p-ambn ASpØ _‘w ]pe¿Øn-bXp apX¬°m-sW-∂-dn-bp∂p. Ipam-c-\m-ims‚ ""hoW-]qhv'' Ipam-cs‚ ""anX-hm-Zn-''bn-em-bn-cp∂p BZy-ambn {]kn-≤o-I-cn-®n-cp-∂-Xv. ""{io\mcm-bW Infn-∏m´n''s‚ cN-\bpw At±lw thK-Øn¬ \n¿Øn. BZysØ B≤ym-b-am-b,""alm-tbmKn' am{Xta Fgp-Xn-∏q¿Øo-I-cn-®n-cp-∂p-≈q. CXn-\Iw KZy-cw-KsØ alm-Ihn-bm-bn KZy-I-hn-bmbn ˛ {io aq¿t°m-Øns\ kmln-Xy-temIw hntijn-∏n®p XpS-ßn-bn-cp∂p. hnh¿Ø\-cw-K-sØbpw AXpey {]Xn-`-bm-bncp∂p Cu kmln-Xy-\m-b-I≥. Kpcpkzman-I-fpsS kwkvIr-X-Ønse thZm¥ {KŸw ae-bm-f-Øn¬ hnh¿Ø\w sNbvX-XmWv "Z¿i-\-ame'. {]k∂ a[p-c-hpw \¿Ω-N-Sp-e-hpam-bn-cp∂p aq¿t°m-Øns‚ `mj. B ssien-bpsS hmbvØ-e°p \√ aq¿®-bp-ap≠mbn-cp-∂p. s\Sp-\m-fsØ ]{X-{]-h¿Ø-\-am-bn-cp∂ At±-l-Ønse KZy-Im-cs\ hf¿Øn-s°m≠p h∂-Xv. "tIcf Nn¥m-aWn', "anX-hm-Zn', "Bfl t]mjnWn', "hnZym-ebw', "[¿Ωw' "Zo]w'-˛-C-sX√mw At±lw ]{Xm-[n-]Xyw hln® ]{X-ß-fm-bncp-∂p. CXn¬ an°-Xnepw Xe-Im-Wn-°m≥ B_p-hn\pw Ah-kcw In´nbn-cp-∂p. aq¿t°mØv ssIIƒ ]n∂n¬ ]nW®p sI´n ]d™p sImSpØ ]e teJ-\-ßfpw am‰-Øn-cp-Ø-ep-Iƒ H∂pw hcp-ØmsX ]{X-am-^okp-I-fn-te-s°-Øn®p sImSpØ A\p-`hw B_p A\p-kva-cn-®n-´p-≠v. aq¿t°mØv ssIsh-°mØ kmlnXy imJ-bn-s√∂p ]d-bmw. "t\mhep-'Isf \qX\ {]ÿm-\-ambn e£W \n¿Æbw \S-Øn-bXv At±-l-

102

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H.-B_p

am-Wv. "t\mh¬'F∂ ]Zw ae-bmf `mj, AtX t]cn¬ kzoI-cn-°-Wsa∂v BZy-ambn ]d-™Xpw At±-l-am-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ Io‰vkns‚ hniz-{]-kn-≤-amb "Ck-s_√' F∂ hnjm-Zm-¥-amb IrXn, Bim-Ip-ebmbn hnh¿Ø\w sNbvXt∏mƒ A¥y-Øn¬ hcp-Ønb am‰-ß-fpsS t]cn¬ aq¿t°mØpw hna¿i-\-߃ G‰p hmßn-bn-´p-≠v. ap¿t°mØv Ipam-cs‚ ]p{X≥ Ip™-∏-sb-gp-Xnb ]nXm-hns‚ Poh-N-cn-{X-Øn¬, ]nXm-hns‚ Nne k¥X kl-Nm-cn-I-fpsS t]cp-Iƒ FSpØp ]d™ Iq´-Øn¬ H. B_p-hp-ap-≠v. a‰p {]ap-J¿ kzman Kpcp{]-km-Zpw Sn.-bp.tKm]m-e-\pw Fw.-]n.- Nm-Øp-°p-´n -d-Pn-kv{Sm-dpw Ipdp-°≥ I≠n A–p-≈bpw bp.-sI.IWmcn -ssh-Zy-cp-am-Wv. Ch¿°v Hmtcm-cpØ¿°pw ]nXm-hn-s\-∏‰n ]e hkvXp-X-Ifpw ]d-bm-\p-≠m-Ip-sa∂pw At±lw ]d-bp-∂p. B_psh ]‰n {]tXy-I-ambn Cßs\ ]cm-a¿in°p-∂p: ""aq¿t°mØv Ipam-c≥ Hcp ]uc{][m\n'' F∂ hnj-b-ØnH.B_p hnNm-cn-®m¬ Hcp {KŸw Xs∂ Fgp-Xm≥ km[n-°pw. B_p, Ipam-c≥ amÃ-cpsS injy\pw ]e-t∏mgpw At±-l-Øns‚ teJ-\-߃ FgpXns°mSpØ bphm-hp-am-bn-cp∂p.'' aq¿t°mØv cmapÆn Fgp-Xnb A\p-kva-cW -- -°p-dn-∏n¬ At±-lhpw B_phpw Hcpan®p If-cn-∏-b‰v A`ykn-°m≥ t]mb Imcyw ]d-bp-∂p-≠v. B_p-hns‚ Xma-k-ÿ-e-amb tN‰w Ip∂ns‚ ASp-Øp≈ ]≈n-°p-∂nse Hcp Hme-ta™ sIm®p `h-\-ambn-cp∂p aq¿t°mØns‚ Xd-hmSv `h-\w.

B_p Xs‚ am¿§Z¿in-bmb Kpcpsh∏‰n FgpXn: ""Rm\n-t∏mƒ Btcm-Ky-hm-\-√. aq¿t°m-Øn-s\∏‰n Hm¿°p-tºmƒ Fs‚ Cu A\mtcm-Kym-h-ÿ-bn¬ t]mepw F\n°v imco-cn-I-amb Hcp DW¿∆pw am\knI {]k-cn∏pw A\p-`-h-s∏-Sp-I-bm-Wv. ssIIƒ ]n∂n¬ ]nW®p sI´n, hmb\mapdn-bn-eqsS Atßm-´p-an-tßm´pw emØnbpw sIm≠pw, Nne-t∏mƒ Hm^okv apdn-bnse Nmcp Itk-c-bn¬ InS∂pw At±lw Fs∂-s°m≠v teJ-\-߃ ]d-s™-gp-Xn®p t]mcm-dp-≈Xv Ct∏mƒ ASp-sØ-ßm-\psat∂m Bbn-cp∂psh∂v tXm∂n-t∏m-Ip-∂p. KpW-Nn-Ø-\m-bn-cp∂ B \√ a\p-jy≥ A∂m coXn-bn¬ ]cn-io-e\w \¬In-bn-cp-∂-Xn¬ \n∂v Dbn¿sIm-≠mWv C∂p Rm≥ C{X-sb-¶nepw IpØn-°p-dn-®-gp-Xm≥ {]m]vX-\m-bXv F∂v Rm≥ kvacn-°p-∂p.'' Xms\-gp-Xnb ""{io\mcm-bWs‚ GI temIw'' F∂ IrXn {io aq¿t°mØv Ipam-cs‚ ]mh-\kva-c-W-°mWv B_p ka¿∏n-®-Xv. lrZ-b-kv]¿in-bmb GXm\pw hm°pI-fn-em-bn-cp∂p ka¿∏-Ww. ""Fs‚ Zp¿∫-e-amb Iøn¬ XqenI ]nSn-∏n°p-Ibpw AXv Nen-∏n-t°-≠Xv Fßn-s\-sb∂v Fs∂ ]cn-io-en-∏n-°pIbpw sNbv X , a¨a- d ™p t]mb tIcf`mjm N{I- h ¿Øn {io aq¿t°mØv Ipam-c≥ Ah¿I-fpsS ]mh-\-kva-c-W-bv°v.'' ]pkvXIw {]kn≤o-I-cn® h¿°e inh-Kncn aT-Ønse {io\mcm-bW [¿ΩkwL-Øn\v

{KŸ-I¿Øm-hns\∏‰n {]kvXm-hn-°m-\p-≠m-bn-cp-∂Xv Cß-s\-bm-bn-cp∂p. ""klr-Z-b-\pw hnim-e-mib\pamb an. B_p-hns\ R߃ Hcn°epw ad-°p-∂-X-√. Cu {KŸ-Øns‚ ]I¿∏-h-Imiw {io\mcm-b-W [¿ΩkwL-Øn-te°v X∂n-´p-≈-Xn\v Hcp IrX-⁄X am{Xta R߃ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p-≈q.''

1930˛emWv aq¿t°mØv Ipam-cs‚ ""{io\mcm-bW Kpcp'' {]kn≤o-I-cn-®-Xv. As°m-√sØ G‰hpw \√ ae-bmf {KŸw F∂ \nebv°v Kh¿ta≠v {KŸ-Im-c\v 400 I kΩm\w \¬In. [mcmfw {KŸ-߃ hmbn®v ]Tn-s®-gp-Xnb tbmKm-`ym-ksØ∏‰n-bp≈ hni-Za - mb Hcp teJ\w Cu {KŸ-Øn\v am‰p Iq´n-bn-cp-∂p. aq¿t°m-Øns‚ ""bmZ-h-Ir-jvW''\pw as‰mcp \nkvXpe IrXn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. kz¿Æ-sa-U-en-∂¿l-amb "{io\mcmb- W s‚ GI- t emIw' F∂ B- _ p- h ns‚ kpZo¿L- a mb teJ\w 1954˛embn-cp∂p {io \mcm-bW {SÃv, ]pkvXI cq]-Øn¬ {]kn-≤o-I-cn®-Xv. Xs‚ t{ijvT-cmb A≤ym-]-I-cmbn aq¿t°mØv Ipam-c≥ aq∂pt]sc {]tXyIw Hm¿Ωn-®n-cp-∂-Xmbn B_p ]d-bp-∂Xv {ioam≥am¿ ]\tßm-S≥ cma-s\-bpw XØ-°-Wm-c-s\-bpw {_Æ≥ tImtf-Pnse {]^k¿ dkm-cn-tb-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p. "{io\mcm-b-Ws‚ GI-temIw' F∂ IrXn B_p-hns‚ BZyIme IrXn-I-fn-sem-∂m-hm-\mWv km[y-X. {io\mcm-bW {SÃv Cu IrXn {]kn-≤o-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬ A¬]-ImeXmakw hcp-Øn-bn-cn-°mw. CJv_mens\ D≤-cn®p sIm≠mWv CXn¬ CkvemanI Bi-b-߃ hy‡-am°p-∂-Xv. CØcw Hcp IrXn cNn-°p-tºmƒ Bh-iy-amb, Akm-[m-c-Wamb Bfl kwb-a\w ]men®p ImWp-∂-Xn¬ {KŸ-Im-cs\ F{X «mLn®mepw aXn-b-mhn-√. {io\mcm-b-W≥ \n¿t±-in® am¿§w aX-ß-fpsS GItem-I-Øn-te-°p-≈-X-√, a\p-jy-cpsS GI-tem-I-Øn-te-°p-≈-Xm-sW∂p hy‡-am-°m≥ At±lw aSn-°p-∂n-√. AXv hnizm-kn-I-fpw kvt\l-io-ecp-amb a\p-jy-cpsS GI temI-am-Wv. Km‘n-Pnsb D≤-cn®p ]d-bp-∂p. ""GI-a-√mØ Hcp temI-Øn¬ Pohn-°m≥ Rm≥ CjvSs∏-Sp-∂n-√''.

I¨^yq-j v Ipd®p IqSn hnkvX-cn-®mWv ]d-™-Xv. ""a\pjy PohnXw Xpey-{]-[m-\-ß-fmb aq∂p e£y-ßsf D∂w sh®p sIm≠mWv apt∂dp-∂-Xv. H∂v Xt∂mSpw IpSpw-_-tØm-Sp-ap≈ IS-∏mSv; c≠v cm{„tØmSp≈ IS-∏mSv; aq∂v, temI-tØm-Sp≈ IS-∏mSv.'' ""_p≤nPohn-Iƒ `cn-°p∂ Hcp temI-Øn\p th≠n-bmWv Republic F∂ {KŸ-Ønπmt‰mhpw hmZn-®-Xv.'' aXhpw GI-tem-IsØ D∂w sh°p∂p; F∂maX-ÿ-cpsS Ne-\-Øn¬ IqSn-bm-Wt√m aXsØ Is≠-Øp-I. h©-I\mb aX-ÿ-\mWv Ft∏mgpw Ip‰-°m-c≥. ""kz¥w Xm¬]-cy-ß-fpsS B[n]Xyw hln-°p∂ Xe-∏m-hv, aX-ß-fpsS Xe-bn¬ sh®psI´p-hm≥

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t\Xr-kvar-Xn-k© - nI

H.-B_p

aX-ÿ≥ D’p-I-\m-bn-cp-∂n-s√-¶n¬ A]-i-–-ß-fpsS Cu ImeL´w D¤-hn-°p-am-bn-cp-∂n-√.'' B_p-hnse ]gb tkmjy-enÃv ]d-bp-∂p. ""aXß-sf√mw D¤-hn-®Xv a¿±nX h¿§-Øns‚ D≤m-c-W-Øn\p th≠nbmWv. tNmc-∏p-g-sbm-gp-°epw ]´n-Wn-Øo-øn¬ Zln-∏n-°epw aX-ß-fpsS kz`mh-a-√. ]cn-]m-Sn-bnepw am¿§-Ønepw hyXykvX kz`m-h-ap-s≠-∂n-cn-°nepw e£ysØ kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw aX-߃s°√mw ]c-a-amb Hssc-Icq]yw Ds≠-∂p≈ hkvXpX \ntj[n°m-hp-∂-X-√. {io\mcm-b-Ws‚ GI-temI k¶¬]-Øn\v aX-߃ Hcn-°epw FXn-c√; aX-ÿ-cmWv FXncv \n¬°p-∂-sX∂v ]d-bp-∂Xv ""a\p-jys\'' aX-ÿ¿ ]e-t∏mgpw "D≈-h-\pw C√m-Ø-h\pw', "DØ-a-\pw A[-a\pw', "D¬]m-Zn-∏n-°p-∂-h\pw A\p-`-hn-°p-∂-h\pw', "sXmgn-em-fnbpw apX-em-fnbpw' B-bn-´mWv ImWp∂-Xv. aXm-[n-]-Xn-Iƒ hne°p hmß-s∏-Sp-I-bpw, aX {KŸ-ßfpw imkv{Xß-fp-sa-SpØ ssII-fn¬ I\Ø JPm-\-I-fpsS Xmt°m-ep-Iƒ FSp-°s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xmbn {KŸ-Im-c≥ Btcm-]n-°p-∂p. ""{io\mcm-bW ktµ-i-ß-fpsS aqeyhpw Im¥nbpw {Kln-∏m≥ a\p-jy-ap-t∂-‰-Øns‚ IY-I-fpsS ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ Ah ]cn-tim-[n-°-s∏-tS-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.'' ""aX-߃ Bflm-hn-s\-°p-dn®v kwkm-cn-°p-∂p. km[m-c-W-°m-c-\m-hs´, hni-∏n-s\-°p-dn-®pw. ""a\p-jys‚ apt∂-‰-Øn-ep≈ hnP-b-ß-sf√mw Xs∂ B¥-cn-I-amb {]h¿Ø\ ^e-ß-fm-bn-cn-°Ww F∂p aXw {]_-e-ambn kn≤m-¥n-°p∂p.'' Cuizc-s\bpw aXXØz-ß-sfbpw _en-I-gn-®p≈ Hcp apt∂-‰-sØbpw AwKo-I-cn-°p∂ Bf√ B_p. ssZh-\n-tj-[n-bmb slK-ens\∏‰n B_p Fgp-Xn-bXv Cß-s\-bm-Wv. ""At±lw {]]© XØzsØ At\z-jn-®-t\z-jn®v sshcp≤yhmZ-Øn¬ IqSn Ah-km\w FØn-t®¿∂Xv Cuiz-c-\n-em-Wv. {]]-©-Øns‚ BZn Imc-W-ambn Hcp i‡n-bp-s≠∂v At±lw {]Jym-]n®p. sshcp≤y hmZ-Øns‚ Ah-Xm-cI-\mb slK¬ BZ¿ihmZn--bmbn ]cn-W-an-®p.''

Nn¥m-]c - a - mb Nne kvJen-Xß - f - n¬ hoWp t]mhp-s∂-¶nepw thKw AXn¬ \n∂p Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂‰p icn-bmb Ckvem-anI [mc-bn-te°v B_p hcp∂ ImgvN ""{io\mcm-b-Ws‚ GItemI''Øn¬ ImWmw. B_p-hn¬ \n∂p h∂ CkvemanIa√mØ Hcp hmIy-am-Wv. ""ssZhm⁄-°p-]-cn-bmbn Ime-Øns‚ I¬]-\bv°v BZw \_n-bpsS lrZ-bØn¬ t{]cW sNep- Ø p- h m≥ Ign- ™ Xp \nanØw At±lhpw ]Xv\nbpw kz¿§-Øn¬ \n∂v _ln-jvI-cn-°-s∏-´p.'' "Ime-Øns‚ I¬]\bv°v' F∂Xv Hcp ]t£ {]km-[-I¿ hcp-Ønb ]cn-jvI-c-W-am-Iptam?. ""aX-ta-Xm-bmepw a\p-jy-≥ \∂mIWw'' F∂-Xns\ ""aX-ta-Xmbmepw a\p-jy≥ \∂m-bm¬ aXn'' F∂p ]d-bp-tºmƒ hcp∂ A¿∞ hyXym-k-sØ-∏‰n B_p th≠{X Pm{KX ]pe¿Øn-bn-´p-≠v. lnµphpw IrkvXym-\n-bpw apk¬am\pw Ahs‚ aXm-[njvTn-X-amb PohnXw \bn®p

sIm≠m-hWw \√ a\p-jy-\m-Im≥ F∂ imTyw At±-l-Øns‚ hcn-Ifn¬ ImWmw. Hcp k¿∆ aX ktΩ-f\w hnfn-®p-Iq-´nb {io\mcm-bW kzman-Iƒ ktΩ-f-\m-\-¥cw {]kvXm-hn-®Xv Cß-s\-bm-Wv. ""F√m aXß-fpsSbpw ]c-tam-t±iyw H∂m-sW∂pw `n∂-a-Xm-\p-bm-bn-Iƒ XΩnIe-ln-®n-´m-h-iy-an-s√∂pw Cu aXalm -k-tΩ-f\Øn¬ \S∂ {]kw-K߃ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p.'' a\p-jy≥ X´n-°q-´nb "eoKv Hm^v \mj≥kv' s]mfn-™p-t]m-bXv [m¿Ωn-Im-Sn-ÿm\w C√mØXpsIm-≠mbn-cp∂psh∂pw B_p Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂p.

Imfn-Zm-ks‚ cN-\-I-sf√mw lnµp CXn-lm-kßsfbpw ]pcm-Wß-sfbpw ASn-ÿm-\-am-°n-bm-bn-cp-s∂-¶nepw At±-lsØ alm-I-hn-sb∂-√m-sX, lnµp alm-Ihn F∂mcpw ap{Z-b-Sn-®n-√. F∂m¬ hniz-a-lmIhn CJv_m-ens\ Hcp CkvemanÃv am{X-ambn kmlnXy temIw sX‰n≤-cn-®n-´p-≠v. CJv_m¬, k¿ B¿t\mƒUv \n°¬kWv Fgp-Xnb IØn¬ Xs‚ \ne-]mSv hni-Zo-I-cn®Xv Cß-s\-bmWv: ""Fs‚ XØzNn¥Iƒ km¿∆-P-\o-\-am-sW-¶nepw Ah {]tXyI kap-Zm-b-sØ kwt_m[- \ - sNøp- ∂ Xm- I - b m¬ k¶p- N n- X - a mbnt∏mbn- ´ ps≠∂ Xm¶- f psS Bt£]w Hcp hn[-Øn¬ icn-bm-Wv. a\p-jy-Xz-Øns‚ e£yw km¿∆P-\o-\-amb hn[-Øn¬ Rms\s‚ Ihn-X-I-fn¬ {]Xn-]m-Zn-®n-cn-°p∂p.

F∂m¬ XmZr-i-e-£ysØ IqSp-X¬ ^e-h-Øm-°n-Øo¿°p-∂-Xn-\pw, {]mtbm-KnI Pohn-X-Ønte°v AXns\ B\-bn-°p-∂-Xn\pw Ihn-I-sftbm XØz-Nn-¥-I-sctbm km¿∆-{Xn-I-amb cwKw Ah-ew-_n-°p-∂-Xn\v \n¿_-‘n®p IqSm-Ø-Xm-Ip-∂p. Hcp ÿnc-amb hnizm-khpw Hcp \n›nX PohnX ]≤-Xnbpw Dƒs°m-≈p∂ Hcp {]tXyI "skmssk-‰nsb' Ah¿ Xß-fpsS {]t_m-[-\-cw-K-ambn ]cn-an-X-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw {]mtbm-Kn-I- amXr-I-Ifmepw {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fmepw {]kvXpX ]cn-[nsb hnimes∏Sp-Øns°m-≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøpw XZ--\p-Iq-e-amb Hcp skmssk‰n Fs∂ kw_-‘n-t®-S-tØmfw apkvenw kap-Zm-b-am-Wv. ""a\p-jy-e-£y-Øns‚ ]ptcm- K - a \ am¿§- a - t ≤y- b p≈ ]md- s °- ´ p- I - f m- I p∂ h¿§- a m- l m- fl ysØbpw h¿Æ hyXym-k-sØbpw Ckvemw Ft∏mgpw hnP-b-]q¿∆w FXn¿Øn-´p-≠v. a\p-jy-Xz-Øns‚ alm-i{Xp {]kvXpX h¿§-ß-fn-ep≈ hnizm- k - a m- I p- ∂ p. a\p- j y- h ¿§sØ kv t \ln- ° p- ∂ - h - c psS {][m\ I¿Øhyw ]nim-Nn-\m¬ \n¿Ωn-X-amb {]kvXpX hnizm-k-Øns‚ t\sc ka-c-]-XmI Db¿Øp-I-bm-Wv. h¿§o-b-X, (AXns‚ ASn-ÿm\w h¿§w As√-¶n¬ `q]camb AXn-cp-I-fmWv) apkvenaoß-fpsS CS-bn¬ thcq∂n hcp-∂-Xmbn Rm≥ ImWp-∂p. AXpsIm≠v Rm≥, Hcp apk¬ams‚ \ne-bn-epw, AXnepw hnti-jn®p a\p-jy-m\p-`m-hn-sb∂ \ne-bn-epw, AhcpsS bYm¿∞ e£yw kakvX P\-X-bpsS A`n-hr-≤n-bpw -hn-Im-k-hpam-sW∂v Ahsc DW¿Øp-hm≥ B{K-ln-°p-∂p.''

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CJv_m-ens‚ A\p-bm-bn-bmb B_phpw ""{io\mcm-b-Ws‚ GI temIw'' F∂ IrXn-bpsS cN-\-bn-eqsS ""Hcp apk¬ams‚ \ne-bnepw AXnepw hnti-jn®v a\p-jym-\p-`m-hn-sb∂ \ne-bnepw'' Xs‚ ZuXyw \n¿∆-ln-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. aq¿t°mØv Ipam-c-s‚-bpw Ip´n-Ir-jvW-am-cmcp-sSbpw Ipeo-\-amb `mjm-ssien kzmb-Ø-am°n, sshhn≤yw \nd™ \m¬]-tXmfw IrXn-I-fn-eqsS tIc-f- km-lnXyImc-∑m-cpsS ap≥\n-c-bnXs∂ KWy-amb Hcp ÿm\w B_p t\Sn-sb-Sp-Øn-cn-°p-∂p. Hcm-bpjv I mew apgp- h - \ p- a mWv At±lw kmlnXo tkh- \ - Ø n\p th≠n \o°nsh®-Xv. ***** ***** *****

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