After double fertilization, each ovule develops into a seed, consisting of a plumule (which involves the embryonic leaves of the seedling) and a terminal bud. The terminal bud is where the growth of the stem takes place. There will be one to two cotyledons that store food used by the germinating seedling. Those angiosperms that produce two cotyledons (which include beans and squashes) are called dicots Those that produce just one cotyledon (which include grasses and corn) are called monocots. The seed also contains the hypocotyl and radicle, which form the stem and primary root, respectively. There are seed coats that come from the walls of the ovule that protect the seeds. The food from the cotyledons comes from the endosperm which gets the food from the parent sporophyte. Seeds are basically a dormant embryo with stored food and protective coats. They allow dispersal of the species to new locations and survival of the species during unfavorable climate situations, such as wintertime. Germination happens when there is a new generation of plants that develop in good climate situations.
FRUITS There are three main types of fleshy fruits of plants. These are the berries, drupes, and pomes. Berries have many seeds made from one carpel (a syncarpous ovary). Tomatoes are berries that have a thin exocarp (surrounding the berry), while oranges have a thick and leathery exocarp. Pumpkins have a hard exocarp. The fruit wall, or pericarp, is divided into three regions: the inner layer, or endocarp; the middle layer, or mesocarp; and the outer layer, or exocarp. Drupes are stone fruits with just one seed per carpel. They have a woody endocarp, which is adherent to the seed. The drupes include the cherry, plums, and peaches. Raspberries and blackberries are drupe fruit that have multiple druplets that aggregate together. Pomes are fleshy fruits such as pears and apples. Dry fruits can be dehiscent or indehiscent. Dehiscent fruits open up at maturity to release the seeds. Indehiscent fruits have the pericarp intact when the fruit is shed from the plant. Seeds get transported by several mechanisms. These include wind, water, hitchhiking (cockleburs that stick to passing animals and human clothing), edible fruits (which have
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