GREVIT 200 SL IN THE PROTECTION OF ONION AND LEEK IN CONVENTIONAL, INTEGRATED AND ORGANIC PRODUCTION
GREVIT 200 SL IN THE PROTECTION OF ONION AND LEEK IN CONVENTIONAL, INTEGRATED
GREVIT 200 SL
AND ORGANIC PRODUCTION
GREVIT 200 SL IN THE PROTECTION OF ONION AND LEEK IN CONVENTIONAL, INTEGRATED AND ORGANIC PRODUCTION
GREVIT 200 SL IN THE PROTECTION OF ONION AND LEEK IN CONVENTIONAL, INTEGRATED
POWER OF NATURE AT YOUR SERVICE
GREVIT 200 SL
AND ORGANIC PRODUCTION
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GREVIT 200 SL IN THE PROTECTION OF ONION AND LEEK IN CONVENTIONAL, INTEGRATED AND ORGANIC PRODUCTION
Poland’s membership of the European Union has enabled vegetable producers to increase production, most of which has been destined for export. However, in order to meet the requirements of foreign consumers, and more and more often also of those at home, Polish producers are forced to submit their produce to new quality control systems. This makes the producers give up using many chemical plant protection products. For that reason, the integrated method of production is becoming more and more popular with vegetable growers. It allows them to obtain high yields of high quality products. The method is based on minimizing the use of mineral fertilizers and chemical plant protection products while at the same time making full use of agrotechnical and technological elements. The integrated method requires producers to possess a lot of professional knowledge in that area and is far more difficult that the conventional method. However, the producers who employ the integrated method of production are eligible to apply for a certificate for their products, which proves that the products are of high quality with respect to both their healthiness and nutritional value. The fact that in Poland many active substances have been withdrawn, and have not been replaced by new ones, thus creating a large gap in the range of plant protection methods, makes it necessary to search for new production-related solutions. One of the successful results of this search is Grevit 200 SL, a natural and completely safe product that gives good and effective solutions in the integrated production of onion.
Grevit 200 SL does not require a waiting period or a prevention period, and does not persist in the treated plants, thus being completely safe for people, animals, beneficial insects and the environment. It can be used at any stage of both commercial and amateur production of vegetables. Grevit 200 SL makes it possible to use unique solutions recommended for pre- and post-harvest protection of root vegetables, brassica (cabbage-like) vegetables and lettuce. Grevit 200 SL has been authorized for use in ecological agriculture: Certificate No. BRŚOR-EKOL-001/2005 of 3 March 2005.
GREVIT 200 SL
Grevit 200 SL is the first, unique solution in controlling bacterial and fungal diseases that acts on contact and can be used for both curative and preventive treatments. It also effectively supports the defence system of plants by helping to prevent infection hotspots from developing.
GREVIT 200 SL IN THE PROTECTION OF ONION AND LEEK IN CONVENTIONAL, INTEGRATED AND ORGANIC PRODUCTION
THE MOST COMMON DISEASES OF ONION PREVENTION AND CONTROL The onion is one of the most important vegetables grown in Poland because of the size of its production and its significance in export terms. The most valuable is fresh onion, straight from the ground. It is consumed both raw and after being cooked or fried. It is used by the processing industry in the production of dried or frozen vegetables and various types of canned food.
One of the factors that helps to control most of the diseases of onion is making sure that onion is not grown in the same field more often than every 4–5 years. Otherwise there is a danger of serious diseases and pests of onion developing and multiplying in the soil. The fields to be used for growing onion, especially seed plantations and those planted with sets (small onion bulbs), as well as winter-seeded plantations, should be located in a breezy area, far from any bodies of water or meadows where fogs tend to persist. The soil should be well-cultivated and suitably fertilized because onion plants are more affected by diseases on badly located and improperly fertilized plantations. In order to control viral diseases and downy mildew, it is necessary to maintain spatial isolation (at least 150 linear meters) between winter-seeded onion plantations and those grown from sets and for seed production. In April and May, any new growth from the bulbs ploughed under before winter must be destroyed. During the vegetative season and after the harvest, plants with symptoms of having been affected by various diseases and pests must be removed and destroyed (buried deep underground or burnt).
GREVIT 200 SL
The production of onion starts with the preparation and conditioning of seeds by soaking them for a short period of time (2 minutes) in a 0.5% solution of Grevit 200 SL. In this way, the onion crop will be protected against decay diseases caused by a variety of pathogenic fungi and bacteria that may be carried by the seeds.
GREVIT 200 SL IN THE PROTECTION OF ONION AND LEEK IN CONVENTIONAL, INTEGRATED AND ORGANIC PRODUCTION
BACTERIAL SOFT ROT OF ONION SYMPTOMS – during the pre-harvest period, before the leaves break and droop, various symptoms of bacteriosis can occur: soft onion neck rot, wateriness and rotting of the inner layers of bulbs and their gradual drying out, and slimy rot with yellowish coloration of the bulb’s inner layers. CONTROL MEASURES – as a preventive measure, plants should be sprayed with Grevit 200 SL if there is a high risk of the plantation becoming affected by the disease (e.g. in waterlogged or flooded fields, after heavy rainfall or hailstorm) or soon after the first symptoms have appeared, or according to indicators, at a rate of 1.5 litres in the recommended volume of 600-800 litres of water per hectare. The treatment should be repeated 2–3 times at 7-day intervals. The product should be applied before onion leaves begin to droop. Grevit 200 SL also works as a curative agent. It should be used alternately with other fungicides that have a translaminar and systemic mode of action (e.g. Amistar 250 SC). An agent ensuring that plants are evenly covered can be added to the working solution.
GREVIT 200 SL
Bacterial soft rot of onion
GREVIT 200 SL IN THE PROTECTION OF ONION AND LEEK IN CONVENTIONAL, INTEGRATED AND ORGANIC PRODUCTION
DOWNY MILDEW SYMPTOMS – on seed onion plants and those grown from sets – plants are stunted, with arched, greyish-green leaves. The leaves later become covered with a greyish-white coating of the fungus. After a few days, secondary infection takes place, manifesting itself in a steel-grey coating of mycelium on young leaves of adjacent plants, particularly during periods when plants are wet and air humidity is high. CONTROL MEASURES – spray plants with Grevit 200 SL every 7 days, 2–3 times during the vegetative season, or according to indicators, at a rate of 1.5 litres in 700 litres of water per hectare. The product should be used alternately with other fungicides that have a translaminar and systemic mode of action (e.g. Amistar 250 SC). An agent ensuring that plants are evenly covered should be added to the working solution. If onion plants are grown again in the same field, new growth from bulbs that happened to spend the winter in the soil must be destroyed by the middle of May at the latest.
GREVIT 200 SL
Symptoms of downy mildew on onion
GREVIT 200 SL IN THE PROTECTION OF ONION AND LEEK IN CONVENTIONAL, INTEGRATED AND ORGANIC PRODUCTION
GREY MOULD (ONION NECK ROT) SYMPTOMS – wilting of the leaves with a grey coating of the fungus; rotting of the bulbs, starting at the bulb neck, during storage. Brown lesions can be seen on the outer skin of the bulbs. CONTROL MEASURES – plants should be sprayed with Grevit 200 SL when lesions have appeared on leaves, but before the leaves break and droop, 2-3 times every 7-10 days at a rate of 1.5 litres in the recommended volume of 700 litres of water per hectare. Spraying three times is recommended when wet weather prevails and when so-called thick onion necks occur, and also during a prolonged vegetative period.
ALTERNARIOSIS OF ONION SYMPTOMS – brown-purple lesions with a velvety coating of mycelium can be seen. The disease occurs secondarily on the leaves that have been affected by downy mildew. In seed onion the disease causes shoots to break and droop. CONTROL MEASURES – the time to apply protection coincides with the time of the treatments against grey mould. Do not grow white-skinned onion in the vicinity of onions with coloured skin. If the onion plants were sprayed earlier with Amistar 250 SC against downy mildew, there is no need for other protection. Amistar 250 SC provides complex protection against grey mould, alternariosis and anthracnose in onion. Amistar 250 SC can be used in a mixture with GREVIT 200 SL.
SYMPTOMS – small black lesions arranged in circles are visible on the outer skin of the bulb. The disease affects mainly white-skinned onions. CONTROL MEASURES – the time to apply protection coincides with the time of the treatments against grey mould. Do not grow white-skinned onion in the vicinity of onions with coloured skin. If the onion plants were sprayed earlier with Amistar 250 SC against downy mildew, there is no need for other protection. Amistar 250 SC provides complex protection against grey mould, alternariosis and anthracnose in onion. Amistar 250 SC can be used in a mixture with GREVIT 200 SL.
GREVIT 200 SL
ANTHRACNOSE OF ONION
GREVIT 200 SL IN THE PROTECTION OF ONION AND LEEK IN CONVENTIONAL, INTEGRATED AND ORGANIC PRODUCTION
THE MOST COMMON DISEASES OF LEEK PREVENTION AND CONTROL Leek is commonly used in the production of frozen and dried vegetable mixes. PHYTOPHTHOROSIS IN LEEK SYMPTOMS – at first, water-soaked lesions appear at leaf tips. Then the tips become white and wither. Irregular white lesions also appear on the surface of the leaves. CONTROL MEASURES – spray the plants with Grevit 200 SL as soon as the first symptoms of the disease have been noticed, usually not earlier than the end of July. Carry out 2–3 treatments every 10–14 days at a rate of 1.5 litre in 700 litres of water per hectare. Use in a mixture with Amistar 250 SC at full dose.
BACTERIOSIS IN LEEK
GREVIT 200 SL
SYMPTOMS – the disease can manifest itself in various ways: soft rot at the neck, wateriness and gradual drying out of the individual inner layers of the bulb, and slimy rot with the inner layers of the bulb becoming coloured. CONTROL MEASURES – spray the plants with Grevit 200 SL as soon as the first symptoms of the disease have been noticed, usually not earlier than the end of July. Carry out 2–3 treatments every 10–14 days at a rate of 1.5 litre in 700 litres of water per hectare. Use in a mixture with Amistar 250 SC at full dose.