GREVIT 200 SL IN THE PROTECTION OF ASPARAGUS, SPINACH AND RHUBARB IN CONVENTIONAL, INTEGRATED AND ORGANIC PRODUCTION
GREVIT 200 SL IN THE PROTECTION OF ASPARAGUS, SPINACH AND RHUBARB IN CONVENTIONAL, INTEGRATED
GREVIT 200 SL
AND ORGANIC PRODUCTION
GREVIT 200 SL IN THE PROTECTION OF ASPARAGUS, SPINACH AND RHUBARB IN CONVENTIONAL, INTEGRATED AND ORGANIC PRODUCTION
GREVIT 200 SL IN THE PROTECTION OF ASPARAGUS, SPINACH AND RHUBARB IN CONVENTIONAL, INTEGRATED
POWER OF NATURE AT YOUR SERVICE
GREVIT 200 SL
AND ORGANIC PRODUCTION
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GREVIT 200 SL IN THE PROTECTION OF ASPARAGUS, SPINACH AND RHUBARB IN CONVENTIONAL, INTEGRATED AND ORGANIC PRODUCTION
Poland’s membership of the European Union has enabled vegetable producers to increase production, most of which has been destined for export. However, in order to meet the requirements of foreign consumers, and more and more often also of those at home, Polish producers are forced to submit their produce to new quality control systems. This makes the producers give up using many chemical plant protection products. For that reason, the integrated method of production is becoming more and more popular with vegetable growers. It allows them to obtain high yields of high quality products. The method is based on minimizing the use of mineral fertilizers and chemical plant protection products while at the same time making full use of agrotechnical and technological elements. The integrated method requires producers to possess a lot of professional knowledge in that area and is far more difficult that the conventional method. However, the producers who employ the integrated method of production are eligible to apply for a certificate for their products, which proves that the products are of high quality with respect to both their healthiness and nutritional value. The fact that in Poland many active substances have been withdrawn, and have not been replaced by new ones, thus creating a large gap in the range of plant protection methods, makes it necessary to search for new production-related solutions. One of the successful results of this search is Grevit 200 SL, a natural and completely safe product that gives good and effective solutions in the integrated production of asparagus, spinach and rhubarb.
Grevit 200 SL does not require a waiting period or a prevention period, and does not persist in the treated plants, thus being completely safe for people, animals, beneficial insects and the environment. It can be used at any stage of both commercial and amateur production of vegetables. Grevit 200 SL makes it possible to use unique solutions recommended for pre- and post-harvest protection of root vegetables, brassica (cabbage-like) vegetables and lettuce. Grevit 200 SL has been authorized for use in ecological agriculture: Certificate No. BRĹšOR-EKOL-001/2005 of 3 March 2005.
GREVIT 200 SL
Grevit 200 SL is the first, unique solution in controlling bacterial and fungal diseases that acts on contact and can be used for both curative and preventive treatments. It also effectively supports the defence system of plants by helping to prevent infection hotspots from developing.
GREVIT 200 SL IN THE PROTECTION OF ASPARAGUS, SPINACH AND RHUBARB IN CONVENTIONAL, INTEGRATED AND ORGANIC PRODUCTION
THE MOST COMMON DISEASES OF ASPARAGUS PREVENTION AND CONTROL CROWN AND ROOT ROT SYMPTOMS – storage roots decay in areas that have turned reddish-brown; as a result the plants die. The affected plants become covered with a whitish-pink mycelium. The disease is caused by fungi of the genera Fusarium , Rhizoctonia and Phytophthora and bacteria of the genus Erwinia . CONTROL MEASURES – spray the plants with Grevit 200 SL at a rate of 1.5 litres in 700 litres of water per hectare after the harvest has finished, 2–3 times every 2–3 weeks. Grevit 200 SL can also be used in the spring and at harvest time – it does not require a waiting period. The product is recommended for use in integrated and organic production systems – it controls bacterial diseases and reduces the incidence of fungal diseases.
THE MOST COMMON DISEASES OF SPINACH PREVENTION AND CONTROL
The production of spinach begins with the preparation and conditioning of seeds by soaking them for a short period of time (2 minutes) in a 0.5% solution of Grevit 200 SL. In this way, the crop will be protected against decay diseases caused by a variety of pathogenic fungi and bacteria that may be carried by the seeds. Spring-seeded spinach must be cultivated away from autumn-seeded spinach because autumn plantations are the main source of infection by downy mildew the following year. DOWNY MILDEW SYMPTOMS – light, slightly raised lesions appear on the upper leaf surface. On the bottom leaf surface, these lesions are covered with a thick layer of sporulating (spore-producing) mycelium. CONTROL MEASURES – begin spraying with Grevit 200 SL at a rate of 1.5 litres in 700 litres of water per hectare when plants have 4 leaves, with the last treatment on plants having no more than 7–8 leaves. Carry out 2–3 treatments every 7–8 days. Growing hybrid cultivars of spinach that are resistant to varieties A, B and C of downy mildew eliminates the disease.
GREVIT 200 SL
Spinach is a vegetable of a high nutritional value. It is used for the nourishment of children and in special diets for diabetics and also the elderly. Thanks to its high iron and folic acid content, it has haemogenic (blood-forming) properties. It is recommended for pregnant women. Nowadays, spinach is used fresh, canned or frozen.
GREVIT 200 SL IN THE PROTECTION OF ASPARAGUS, SPINACH AND RHUBARB IN CONVENTIONAL, INTEGRATED AND ORGANIC PRODUCTION
THE MOST COMMON DISEASES OF RHUBARB PREVENTION AND CONTROL At present, there are no registered plant protection products against diseases and pests occurring during the vegetative period of rhubarb except for Grevit 200 SL, which is both a fungicidal and antibacterial agent. The selected plant protection products can be used before establishing a plantation and after the last harvest of the crop. The soil substrate must be free from nematodes. Do not allow weeds to blossom because their colour and nectar attract harmful butterflies, flies and bugs. They also constitute a food source for polyphagous pests (those that feed on many different kinds of food). During the vegetative period, it is necessary to remove diseased leaves or those seriously infested by pests (e.g. aphids, caterpillar clusters). When setting up plantations in the springtime (March, April), pesticide pellets should be spread the previous autumn (September) when pests are still feeding and have not yet gone into diapause (sleep time). Do not set up rhubarb plantations near bodies of water, next to fruit orchards or reeds. When setting up new plantations, observe the rules of crop rotation. Use only healthy seedlings, if possible those specially selected the previous year. It is best to set up plantations using seedlings derived from meristematic cultures. Control insects carrying viral diseases (aphids). Avoid maintaining the plantation for too long a time.
SYMPTOMS – in the beginning, mosaic discolorations appear on the leaves, later reddish-brown lesions surrounded by a red ring. The tissue in the affected areas falls out and holes appear in the leaves. CONTROL MEASURES – spray the plants with Grevit 200 SL every 7–10 days at a rate of 1.5 litres in 600–700 litres of water per hectare, as a preventive measure 2–3 times during the vegetative season, beginning in the last 10 days of May or the moment the first symptoms of the disease appear on the leaves.
GREVIT 200 SL
ASCOCHYTA LEAF SPOT
GREVIT 200 SL IN THE PROTECTION OF ASPARAGUS, SPINACH AND RHUBARB IN CONVENTIONAL, INTEGRATED AND ORGANIC PRODUCTION
BUCKEYE ROT (PHYTOPHTHOROSIS) SYMPTOMS – plants do not show any growth, brown necrotic tissues can be seen at the base of the shoot. CONTROL MEASURES – spray the plants with Grevit 200 SL every 7–10 days at a rate of 1.5 litres in 600–700 litres of water per hectare, 2–3 times during the vegetative season. Use the product as a preventive measure or as soon as the first symptoms of the disease have appeared on the leaves.
SYMPTOMS – a bacterial disease which causes rotting of leaf buds (eyes) on the below-ground part of the root neck. Hollow, decaying cavities form on the roots. CONTROL MEASURES – spray rhubarb crowns with, or soak them in a 0.2% solution of Grevit 200 SL (200 ml of the product in 100 l of water), and also sprinkle with ground charcoal immediately after dividing the crowns prior to planting them in the field. The recommended volume of water is 200 litres per 1000 crowns. It is advisable to use the product not only before planting but also during the growing period. As a preventive measure, water plants on newly established plantations, or those at risk of disease. The first treatment should be applied in the spring, just before vegetative growth begins. To water the plants, use Grevit 200 SL at a concentration of 0.2% (200 ml of the product in 100 l of water), in the amount of 100– 200 ml under each plant. Do not use disease-affected plants for propagation. Do not allow diseases to collect on the tools for cultivation.
GREVIT 200 SL
BACTERIAL CROWN ROT (SOFT ROT)
Symptoms of bacterial crown rot in rhubarb
GREVIT 200 SL IN THE PROTECTION OF ASPARAGUS, SPINACH AND RHUBARB IN CONVENTIONAL, INTEGRATED AND ORGANIC PRODUCTION
DOWNY MILDEW SYMPTOMS – a whitely purple layer of mycelium with conidial spores appears on the lower side of the leaves. In the affected areas on the upper leaf surface, olive-yellow lesions delimited by the leaf veins can be seen. The tissue in the areas of lesions breaks up and crumbles away – holes develop in the leaves. CONTROL MEASURES – spray the plants with Grevit 200 SL every 7–10 days at a rate of 1.5 litres in 600–700 litres of water per hectare, 2–3 times during the vegetative season. Use the product as a preventive measure or as soon as the first symptoms of the disease appear on the leaves. RUST SYMPTOMS – red clusters of fungus spores appear on the lower surface of the leaves. It is a two-host disease – subsequent stages of development occur on reed. CONTROL MEASURES – as a preventive measure spray the plants with Grevit 200 SL 2–3 times during the vegetative season, or every 7–10 days when the first symptoms of the disease appear on the leaves, at a rate of 1.5 litres in 600–700 litres of water per hectare.
SYMPTOMS – the disease is caused by several species of viruses. From midApril, numerous light spots appear on individual leaves, with the rest of the leaf covered with a light- to dark-green mosaic. CONTROL MEASURES – as a preventive measure spray the plants with Grevit 200 SL 2–3 times during the vegetative season, or every 7–10 days when the first symptoms of the disease appear on the leaves, at a rate of 1.5 litres in 600–700 litres of water per hectare.
GREVIT 200 SL
MOSAIC DISEASE