JumpStart Medical Education Course MEDSpr17 Fundamentals of Medicine Certification of Completion - Grade or Audit Length of Course: 21 weeks Prerequisite: None
Instructor Information Amareen Dhaliwal - amareen@axilogy.com - Instructor Office Hours: As requested Mohammad Shahin - jsmeded@gmail.com - Coordinator Meeting Hours: As requested Course Description (Catalog) This course is a detailed study of the fundamentals of medicine, to include basic anatomy, physiology, and biochemistry of nondiseased organ systems and the human body, as well as pathology, diagnosis, and treatment of diseased states. The course addresses medical humanities subjects and looks at diverse perspectives to improve understanding in care and medicine among students. Course Scope This course will teach content covered in the first two years of medical college in an intensive 21 week course. The course constitutes of weekly lectures and assignments which prepare students to take weekly case-study tests. Exams will be computer-based in a USMLE-style format, requiring advanced understanding of each module prior to taking. The course is broad and is designed to provide priming and preparation for medical school, but also can be used as a source of knowledge and motivation for premedical students from high school to post-graduates. Each week exam mimics a single block of the USMLE in timing and question format. The course is taught using new techniques to improve learning, thus it is recommended to adapt to suggested study techniques as needed. All lecture content is prepared based on the exam questions and no background information outside of the course is required. Rotations to various medical sites, humanitarian organizations, health and wellness organizations, and research laboratories is recommended to reinforce humanities content throughout the next few months. Advice/resources for LORS, MCAT, GPA, Applications, and Medical School Interviews will be available to graduates of the program. At the end of the course, students will receive a certificate of completion based on pass/fail or grade (students have until final day to choose).
Course Learning Objectives After successfully completing this course, students will be able to: • Discern how social, behavioral, environmental, and biological factors contribute to patient health and well-being • Evaluate appropriate information sources to receive medical knowledge and evaluate new research • Analyze module patient cases to develop possible diseases, narrow down a diagnosis, and develop an appropriate treatment plan • Strategize new programs and presentations to improve patient health and education about medical humanities topics • Determine how the biomedical science and humanities can be integrated in student’s future approaches to actions and behaviors in healthcare settings • Understand and recall major concepts in medicine as well as learn how to memorize and apply vast amounts of information in a timely fashion
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JumpStart Med Ed - Fundamentals of Medicine 501 - Course Syllabus
Program Objectives After completing this course, students will meet the following • • •
Generate, analyze, apply, and interpret scientific medical information to think critically Understand the fundamental concepts of medicine in all major categories and apply knowledge to case-based learning Develop a framework, based on a mission, goals, and objectives and/or competencies, to improve patient care through improved understanding of diverse needs and topics
Course Delivery Method This course delivered via distance learning will enable students to complete academic work in a flexible manner, completely online. Course materials and access to an online learning management system will be made available to each student. Online assignments are due weekly as noted on the course outline which include assignments and weekly exams. Faculty will support the students throughout this 21 week course. Course Materials Required Course Textbook: 1.
Premedical Student Planner - Axilogy Test Prep - https://www.amazon.com/Premedical-Student-Planner-AxilogyJumpStart/dp/1535463422/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1485202467&sr=8-1&keywords=premedical+student+planner
2.
Other material can be found or are recommended in the modules of the course.
Web Sites In addition to the required course texts, the following public domain web sites are useful. Evaluation Procedures Assignments: Completion of assignments is the best way to ensure passing the course as exams are curved to ensure an average of 80% per test. Please complete them as needed. Some assignments may change compared to the syllabus to enhance student understanding. Watching additional videos on concepts and to observe live effects outside of “the textbook” is important. Assignments may be on the final exam if they are MCQ-based. If only based on questions, each week’s assignments will be combined into one assignment. Weekly Exam: Weekly exams are based on the Course (USMLE) Content Outline, Syllabus, and Powerpoint. The syllabus will highlight essentials and provide extra details. The powerpoint contains high-yield information for each exam. If time limited, please use the powerpoint as your main study source. Exams are curved to ensure an average of 80% for the course. Final Exam: There will be a final exam for this course. This exam will mock the USMLE Step 1 exam required by second year medical students. This exam is timed but students can retake it twice. It will contain 322 questions in seven 46-question blocks that cover only the topics which were tested on in MCQ format. The outline for this exam is provided in the course syllabus. Final Presentation: For this course, students will be required to complete a Microsoft PowerPoint (PPT) presentation. The final paper will require students to act as healthcare professionals and engage in teaching a subject of their choice from the course. The presentation must be voice-recorded or have 2-3 sentences of notes through each slide and contain a minimum of 8 academic journal references. Students will be provided with guidelines for this. • • •
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More in-depth specific instructions for each assignment can be found in the Assignment tab within the course. Assignments submitted late without advance notice will receive a 5% per day late penalty and will not be accepted for grading five (5) days past the due date. Exams are curved - all students will pass this course as long as assignments are completed
JumpStart Med Ed - Fundamentals of Medicine 501 - Course Syllabus
Course Grading Outline Grading Instrument
Points
Percentage of Final Grade
Final Exam
400
7 Blocks - 322 Questions
8%
Final Presentation
100
30 Slides with Voice-recording Minimum 8 Journal Resources
2%
Assignments
2000
20 Short Assignments (Participation only grading)
30%
Exams
3000
20 Exams - 1 Block - 46 Questions
60%
TOTAL
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Grading
5000
JumpStart Med Ed - Fundamentals of Medicine 501 - Course Syllabus
100%
Course Calendar
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Lesson
Date
Biomedical Topic
Humanities Topic
Course Learning Objectives
Reading
Assignment (Varies)
Assgnmt. Finished? (Yes/No)
1
1-28
Molecular and Cellular Biology (A.B.P Begins) (Anatomy, Biochemist ry, Physiology Begins)
Professionalism
-Understand professionalism in healthcare setting -Apply molecular and cellular biology to patient cases
Lesson 1 Powerpoint Lesson 1 Syllabus
10 MCQ on Professionalism
36 MCQ on Molecular & Cell Biology
2
1-29
Histology & Microbiology
Patient Advocacy
-Understand reasons and methods to advocate for patients -Recognize histology slides and understanding staining methods
Lesson 2 Powerpoint Lesson 2 Syllabus
1 Case Study on Patient Advocacy
10 MCQ on Histology & Microbiology
Lesson
Date
Biomedical Topic
Humanities Topic
Course Learning Objectives
Reading
Assignment
Test
3
2-04
Anatomy & Physiology
Arts & Humanities
-Learn External Structures Anatomy (Muscles, Arteries, Veins, Bones) -Be able to apply use of art for patient care
Lesson 3 Powerpoint Lesson 3 Syllabus
1 Short answer: List 5 unique studies showing art in improvement of patient health
46 MCQ on External Anatomy
4
2-05
Anatomy & Physiology
Hidden Curriculum
-Learn External Structures Anatomy (Muscles, Arteries, Veins, Bones) -Understand the hidden curriculum of education & teaching methods
Lesson 4 Powerpoint Lesson 4 Syllabus
5 MCQ on Hidden Curriculum
Optional: Quiz link on identifying external anatomy structures on cadavers
Lesson
Date
Biomedical Topic
Humanities Topic
Course Learning Objectives
Reading
Assignment
Test
5
2-11
Anatomy & Physiology
Learning & Memory
-Learn Internal Structures (Organs) Anatomy -Understand process of memory & new learning methods
Lesson 5 Powerpoint Lesson 5 Syllabus
10 MCQ on Learning & Memory
46 MCQ on Internal Anatomy
6
2-12
Anatomy & Physiology
Safe Prescribing
-Learn Internal Structures (Organs) Anatomy -Learn laws and guidelines to safe prescribing
Lesson 6 Powerpoint Lesson 6 Syllabus
5 MCQ on “To Prescribe or Not to Prescribe� case studies
Optional: Quiz link on identifying internal anatomy structures on cadavers
JumpStart Med Ed - Fundamentals of Medicine 501 - Course Syllabus
Test (1 Hour 46 MCQ Test Per Week)
Test Score (ex. 89%)
! 5
Lesson
Date
Biomedical Topic
Humanities Topic
Course Learning Objectives
Reading
Assignment
Test
7
2-18
Anatomy & Physiology
Sleep
-Learn Head & Neck Anatomy -Understand sleep cycles & new research on sleep
Lesson 7 Powerpoint Lesson 7 Syllabus
5 MCQ on Sleep cycles & stages
46 MCQ on Head & Neck Anatomy
8
2-19
Anatomy & Physiology
Mid-Life & Death
-Learn Head & Neck Anatomy -Understand milestones of Mid-life and process of death
Lesson 8 Powerpoint Lesson 8 Syllabus
5 MCQ on Midlife & Death
Optional: Quiz link on identifying head & neck anatomy structures on cadavers
Lesson
Date
Biomedical Topic
Humanities Topic
Course Learning Objectives
Reading
Assignment
Test
9
2-25
Anatomy & Physiology
Elder Abuse
-Learn structure identification on cadavers -Understand guidelines for elder abuse
Lesson 9 Powerpoint Lesson 9 Syllabus
1 MCQ on reporting elder abuse
46 MCQ on identifying structures on cadaver images
10
2-26
Anatomy & Physiology
Rural Healthcare
-Learn structure identification on cadavers -Understand current methods to improve rural health
Lesson 10 Powerpoint Lesson 10 Syllabus
1 Short Answer: List programs lacking in rural healthcare setting
Lesson
Date
Biomedical Topic
Humanities Topic
Course Learning Objectives
Reading
Assignment
Test
11
3-04
Neuroscience
Behavioral Neuroanatomy
-Understand effects of nerve pathways and tracts -Understand managing behavior traits & neurology behind behaviors
Lesson 11 Powerpoint Lesson 11 Syllabus
10 MCQ on Behavioral Neuroanatomy
23 MCQ on Neuroscience
12
3-05
Genetics & Immunology
History of Medicine
-Know major genetic diseases & advancements, understand common function of immune system -Know the major advancements of medicine in past centuries
Lesson 12 Powerpoint Lesson 12 Syllabus
1 Short Answer: List major advancements in medicine in century
5 MCQ on Genetics 18 MCQ on Immunology
JumpStart Med Ed - Fundamentals of Medicine 501 - Course Syllabus
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Lesson
Date
Biomedical Topic
Humanities Topic
Course Learning Objectives
Reading
Assignment
Test
13
3-11
Cardiovascul ar System
Introduction To Public Health
-Learn nondiseased function of cardiovascular system -Understand fundamentals of public health
Lesson 13 Powerpoint Lesson 13 Syllabus
Short answer: List steps in application of a public health program model
23 MCQ in Cardiovascular system
14
3-12
Respiratory System
Medical Sociology
-Learn nondiseased function of respiratory system -Understand how medicine applies to society
Lesson 14 Powerpoint Lesson 14 Syllabus
Short answer: List how different sociology theories apply to healthcare
23 MCQ in Respiratory system
Lesson
Date
Biomedical Topic
Humanities Topic
Course Learning Objectives
Reading
Assignment
Test
15
3-18
Renal System
Obesity and Eating Disorders
-Learn nondiseased function of renal system -Be able to detect typical eating disorders and obesity in all age groups
Lesson 15 Powerpoint Lesson 15 Syllabus
10 MCQ in Obesity & Eating disorders
23 MCQ in Renal System
16
3-19
Gastrointesti nal Health
Human Sexuality
-Learn nondiseased function of gastrointestinal system -Understand human sexuality
Lesson 16 Powerpoint Lesson 16 Syllabus
5 MCQ in Human sexuality
23 MCQ in Gastrointestinal health
Lesson
Date
Biomedical Topic
Humanities Topic
Course Learning Objectives
Reading
Assignment
Test
17
3-25
Endocrine & Reproductive Systems
LGBTQIA Health
-Learn nondiseased function of gastrointestinal system -Understand unique ways to serve LGBTQI in healthcare & how doctors can be an ally
Lesson 17 Powerpoint Lesson 17 Syllabus
Short answer: List differences in care for L,G,B,T,Q, and I patients
30 MCQ in Endocrine & Reproductive System
18
3-26
Infectious Diseases P.T.D. Begins (Pathology,T reatment,Dia gnosis Begins)
Global Healthcare
-Understand common infectious diseases -Understand healthcare function in developing countries
Lesson 18 Powerpoint Lesson 18 Syllabus
Short answer: List costeffective methods to improve global health
16 MCQ in Infectious Diseases
JumpStart Med Ed - Fundamentals of Medicine 501 - Course Syllabus
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Lesson
Date
Biomedical Topic
Humanities Topic
Course Learning Objectives
Reading
Assignment
Test
19
4-01
Cardiovascul ar Pathology
Public Health Research Analysis
-Understand pathology, diagnosis, & treatment of cardiology -Analyze a current public health program
Lesson 19 Powerpoint Lesson 19 Syllabus
Analyze 8 Public Health Research papers Develop 700 Word Review
23 MCQ on Cardiopathy
20
4-02
Pulmonary Pathology
Smoking & Substance Misuse
-Understand pathology, diagnosis, & treatment of pulmonary system -Be able to detect smoking & substance misuse
Lesson 20 Powerpoint Lesson 20 Syllabus
Case Study on Smoking & Substance Misuse
23 MCQ on Pulmonary Pathology
Lesson
Date
Biomedical Topic
Humanities Topic
Course Learning Objectives
Reading
Assignment
Test
21
4-08
Rheumatolog y
Biomedical Statistics
-Understand pathology, diagnosis, & treatment in rheumatology -Be able to make basic biomedical calculations
Lesson 21 Powerpoint Lesson 21 Syllabus
5 MCQ on applying statistics to summarize interesting patient data
20 MCQ on Rheumatology
22
4-09
Renal Pathology
Up-to-Date Online Research Portfolio
-Understand pathology, diagnosis, & treatment of renal system -Create online website using recent Up-toDate & Pubmed research articles
Lesson 22 Powerpoint Lesson 22 Syllabus
Online website development using up-to-date or pubmed articles focused on teaching disease or humanities topic which currently has limited online resources
26 MCQ on Renal Pathology
Lesson
Date
Biomedical Topic
Humanities Topic
Course Learning Objectives
Reading
Assignment
Test
23
4-15
Gastrointesti nal Pathology
Prevention: Exercise & Nutrition
-Understand pathology, diagnosis, & treatment of gastrointestinal system -Know how to create diet & exercise plans for various disease states & body aspirations
Lesson 23 Powerpoint Lesson 23 Syllabus
Develop diet & fitness plan for case study
23 MCQ on Gastrointestinal Pathology
24
4-16
Neurology Part I
Mental Disabilities
-Understand pathology, diagnosis, & treatment of neurologybased disorders -Understand methods to improve daily living for patients with mental disabilities
Lesson 24 Powerpoint Lesson 24 Syllabus
Watch short video on new learning methods for Autistic students
23 MCQ on Neurology
JumpStart Med Ed - Fundamentals of Medicine 501 - Course Syllabus
! 8
Lesson
Date
Biomedical Topic
Humanities Topic
Course Learning Objectives
Reading
Assignment
Test
25
4-22
Psychiatry Part I
Major Depression
-Understand techniques used in psychiatry -Understand major depression & effects on micro/macro level
Lesson 25 Powerpoint Lesson 25 Syllabus
Watch video on effects of depression on patient, friends, life, & family
23 MCQ on Psychiatry
26
4-23
Endocrinolog y
Behavioral Biochemistry
-Understand pathology, diagnosis, & treatment in endocrinology -Be able to predict biochemical basis of behavioral disorders
Lesson 25 Powerpoint Lesson 25 Syllabus
None
23 MCQ on Endocrinology
Lesson
Date
Biomedical Topic
Humanities Topic
Course Learning Objectives
Reading
Assignment
Test
27
4-29
Reproductio n Pathology
PrenatalPreschool Development
-Understand pathology, diagnosis, & treatment in reproduction -Be able to track developmental milestones from prenatal to preschool
Lesson 25 Powerpoint Lesson 25 Syllabus
10 MCQ on PrenatalPreschool development
23 MCQ on Reproduction Pathology
28
4-30
Hematology
Alcohol Misuse and Dependence
-Understand pathology, diagnosis, & treatment in hematology -Detect & understand best treatments for alcohol misuse/ dependence
Lesson 25 Powerpoint Lesson 25 Syllabus
Watch video of effects of alcohol misuse, dependence, and recovery
23 MCQ on Hematology Pathology
Lesson
Date
Biomedical Topic
Humanities Topic
Course Learning Objectives
Reading
Assignment
Test
29
5-6
Oncology
Biomedical Ethics & Laws
-Understand pathology, diagnosis, & treatment in oncology -Question challenges arising in medical ethics & laws
Lesson 25 Powerpoint Lesson 25 Syllabus
10 MCQ on Health Insurance Policy & Ethics Cases
23 MCQ on Oncology
30
5-7
Dermatology
Spirituality
-Understand pathology, diagnosis, & treatment in oncology -Know how religion and beliefs affect healthcare
Lesson 25 Powerpoint Lesson 25 Syllabus
10 MCQ on religion & beliefs in healthcare
23 MCQ on Dermatology
JumpStart Med Ed - Fundamentals of Medicine 501 - Course Syllabus
! 9
Lesson
Date
Biomedical Topic
Humanities Topic
Course Learning Objectives
Reading
Assignment
Test
31
5-13
Internal Medicine
Health Care Disparities
-Walk through common internal medicine cases -Learn methods to act on current healthcare disparities
Lesson 25 Powerpoint Lesson 25 Syllabus
Short answer: List difference between healthcare disparity and healthcare inequity
23 MCQ on Internal Medicine
32
5-14
Surgery
Trauma Survivors
-Walk through common surgery cases -Understand medical & patient-based care for for trauma survivors
Lesson 25 Powerpoint Lesson 25 Syllabus
Watch video on trauma survivors
23 MCQ on Surgery
Lesson
Date
Biomedical Topic
Humanities Topic
Course Learning Objectives
Reading
Assignment
Test
33
5-20
Family Medicine
Disaster Management
-Walk through common family medicine cases Understand major steps in managing disaster in hospitals
Lesson 25 Powerpoint Lesson 25 Syllabus
Short answer: List disaster management approach for a recent disaster (reference disaster plan)
23 MCQ on Family Medicine
34
5-21
Obstetrics/ Gynecology
Toddler-Teen Development
-Walk through common Obstetrics/ Gynecology cases -Know developmental milestones from toddler to teenage years
Lesson 25 Powerpoint Lesson 25 Syllabus
10 MCQ on Toddler-Teen development
23 MCQ on Obstetrics/ Gynecology
Lesson
Date
Biomedical Topic
Humanities Topic
Course Learning Objectives
Reading
Assignment
Test
35
5-27
Psychiatry Part II
Domestic & Child Abuse
-Walk through common psychiatric cases -Understand medical & social ways to manage abuse in patients
Lesson 25 Powerpoint Lesson 25 Syllabus
5 MCQ on Domestic & Child Abuse
23 MCQ on Psychiatry
36
5-28
Neurology Part II
Veteran Health
-Walk through common neurology cases -Understand common concerns of veterans & function of VA healthcare system
Lesson 25 Powerpoint Lesson 25 Syllabus
Short answer: List causes of PTSD
23 MCQ on Neurology
JumpStart Med Ed - Fundamentals of Medicine 501 - Course Syllabus
Lesson
Date
Biomedical Topic
Humanities Topic
Course Learning Objectives
Reading
Assignment
Test
37
6-03
Emergency Medicine
Homelessness
-Walk through common emergency medicine cases -Understand effects of homelessness on health
Lesson 25 Powerpoint Lesson 25 Syllabus
Short answer: Explain why there is continued overuse of ER by homeless citizens despite medicaid coverage
23 MCQ on Emergency Medicine
38
6-04
Geriatrics
Homelessness
-Walk through common geriatrics cases -Understand counter effects of health on causing homelessness & insurance burden
Lesson 25 Powerpoint Lesson 25 Syllabus
Lesson
Date
Biomedical Topic
Humanities Topic
Course Learning Objectives
Reading
Assignment
Test
39
6-10
Clinical Exams & Sports Medicine
Pain
-Know common clinical exams -Understand behavioral and medical parts of pain management
Lesson 25 Powerpoint Lesson 25 Syllabus
5 MCQ on Pain management 15 MCQ on Clinical exams
Review for final exam
40
6-11
Team-Based Treatment
Term Presentation or Paper
-Understand function of team in care -Be able to develop education materials from novel research
Lesson 25 Powerpoint Lesson 25 Syllabus
30 Slide presentation w/ 8+ journal references & voice recording
Review for final exam
Lesson
Date
Biomedical Topic
Humanities Topic
Course Learning Objectives
Reading
Assignment
Test
41
6-17
Review Final Exam
Review Final Exam
-Review for exam
Reread Lessons 1-40
None
322 Questions 7 Blocks -Online Monitored-
42
6-18
Final Exam 8 Hours
Final Exam
-Take exam
Reread Lessons 1-40
None
23 MCQ on Geriatrics
Policies - Shorthand Drop/Withdrawal - by 2nd week Plagiarism Policy - checked for plagiarism in final presentation Extension Process and Policy - extended access to course & materials if requested up to 1 year Disability accommodations - extended testing time as referred by doctor
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JumpStart Med Ed - Fundamentals of Medicine 501 - Course Syllabus
Course Content Outline □ General Principles of Foundational Science
□ Biochemistry and molecular biology
□
Gene expression: DNA structure, replication, exchange, and epigenetics (eg, imprinting, Xactivation, DNA methylation)
□
Gene expression: transcription
□ Gene expression: translation, post-translational processing, modifications, and disposition of proteins (degradation), including protein/glycoprotein synthesis, intra-extracellular sorting, and processes/functions related to Golgi complex and rough endoplasmic reticulum □
Structure and function of proteins and enzymes (eg, enzyme kinetics and structural/regulatory proteins)
□
Energy metabolism (eg, ATP generation, transport chain)
□
Adaptive cell responses and cellular homeostasis (eg, hypertrophy)
□
Mechanisms of injury and necrosis, including pathologic processes (eg, liquefactive necrosis, free radical formation)
□
Apoptosis
□
Cell cycle and cell cycle regulation (eg, mitosis)
□
Mechanisms of dysregulation
□ Biology of cells
□
Cell biology of cancer (eg, role of p53, proto-oncogenes)
□ General principles of invasion and metastasis, including cancer staging
□ Cell/tissue structure, regulation, and function, including cytoskeleton, organelles, glycolipids, channels, gap junctions, extracellular matrix, and receptors
□
□ Human development and genetics
□
Principles of pedigree analysis
Population genetics
□
Inheritance patterns
□
Occurrence and recurrence risk determination
□
Hardy-Weinberg law
□
Founder effects
□
Mutation-selection equilibrium
□
Principles of gene therapy
□
Genetic testing and counselling
□
Genetic mechanisms (eg, penetrance, genetic heterogeneity)
□ Acute inflammation and mediator systems (eg, histamine, prostaglandins, bradykinins, eosinophilic basic protein, nitric oxide) □ □ Acute inflammatory responses (patterns of response)
Vascular response to injury, including mediators
□ Principles of cell adherence and migration (eg, ECAMs, selectins, leukocytic diapedesis, and rolling) □
Microbicidal mechanisms and tissue injury (eg, defensins)
□ Clinical manifestations (eg, pain, fever, leukocytosis, leukemoid reaction, chills) □ Biology of tissue response to disease □
□
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Chronic inflammatory responses (eg, tumor necrosis factor) □
Wound healing, repair □ Thrombosis □ Granulation tissue □ Angiogenesis □ Fibrosis □ Scar/keloid formation
□
Regenerative process
Reparative processes
JumpStart Med Ed - Fundamentals of Medicine 501 - Course Syllabus
□
□ Pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic processes: general principles
□
Pharmacokinetics
□
Absorption
□
Distribution
□
Metabolism
□
Excretion
□
Dosage intervals
Mechanisms of drug action, structure-activity relationships (eg, anticancer drugs)
□ Individual factors altering pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics (eg, age, gender, disease, tolerance, compliance, body weight, metabolic proficiency, pharmacogenetics) □
Mechanisms of drug adverse effects, overdosage, toxicology
□
Mechanisms of drug interactions
□ Signal transduction, including structure/function of all components of signal transduction pathways such as receptors, ligands (eg, general principles of nitric oxide, autocrine and paracrine signaling)
□ Structure (eg, cell walls, composition, appendages, virulence factors, extracellular products, toxins, mechanism of action of toxins)
□
Bacteria
□ Processes, replication, and genetics (eg, metabolism, growth, and regulation) □
Oncogenesis
□ Antibacterial agents (eg, mechanisms of action on organism, toxicity to humans, and mechanisms of resistance)
□
Structure (eg, physical and chemical properties, virulence factors)
□ Processes, replication, and genetics (eg, life cycles, location of virus in latent infection) □
□ Microbial biology: Microbial identification and classification, including principles, microorganism identification, and nonimmunologic laboratory diagnosis
Viruses
□
Oncogenesis
□ Antiviral agents (eg, mechanisms of action on virus, toxicity to humans, and mechanisms of resistance)
□ Structure (eg, cell wall, composition, appendages, virulence factors, extracellular products, toxins, mechanisms of action of toxins) □
Fungi
□ Processes, replication, and genetics (eg, asexual vs. sexual, metabolism, growth) □ Antifungal agents (eg, mechanisms of action on fungus, toxicity to humans, and mechanisms of resistance)
□ Structure (eg, appendages, macroscopic features, and virulence factors)
□
□ Processes, replication, and genetics (eg, life cycles, metabolism, and growth) Parasites
□
Oncogenesis
□ Antiparasitic agents (eg, mechanisms of action on parasite, toxicity to humans, and mechanisms of resistance)
□
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Prions
JumpStart Med Ed - Fundamentals of Medicine 501 - Course Syllabus
□
□
□
Normal physical changes □ Linear growth, variations in linear growth, including constitutional delay □ Weight □ Head circumference □ Micturition, defecation, primary incontinence/bedwetting □ Normal physical examination □ Screening □ Sleep
□
Developmental stages □ Motor □ Speech □ Cognitive □ Psychosocial □ Anticipatory guidance
□
Lifestyle and routine preventive health care □ Nutrition □ Exercise (eg, benefits of exercise) □ Preventive/travel medicine □ Risk factors and prevention (eg, guns, swimming, motor vehicles, car seats) □ Routine vaccinations
□
Normal physical changes □ Linear growth, variations in linear growth including constitutional delay □ Weight □ Puberty □ Normal physical examination □ Gynecomastia □ Autonomy/self-identity □ Sleep
□
Developmental stages □ Cognitive (eg, abstract thought) □ Psychosocial (eg, autonomy, role confusion, sexual identity) □ Anticipatory guidance
□
Lifestyle and routine preventive health care □ Nutrition □ Exercise (eg, benefits of exercise) □ Preventive/travel medicine □ Risk factors and prevention (eg, risk-taking behavior, helmets, safe sex, motor vehicles, seat belts, distractions) □ Routine vaccinations
□
Normal physical changes □ Weight □ Normal physical examination □ Screening □ Sleep
□
Developmental stages □ Cognitive □ Intimacy vs isolation □ Anticipatory guidance
□
Lifestyle and routine preventive health care □ Nutrition □ Exercise (eg, benefits of exercise) □ Preventive/travel medicine □ Risk factors and prevention □ Routine vaccinations
Infancy and childhood (0-12 years)
Adolescence (13-17 years)
□ Normal age-related findings and care of the well patient
□
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Adulthood (18-64 years)
JumpStart Med Ed - Fundamentals of Medicine 501 - Course Syllabus
□
□
Normal physical changes, including normal physical exam for age □ Weight, height (spinal compression), skin, bruising □ Normal physical examination □ Response to temperature □ Micturition, defecation □ Sleep
□
Developmental stages □ Motor □ Cognitive (eg, benign senescent forgetfulness) □ Psychosocial □ Integrity vs despair □ Retrospection □ Anticipatory guidance
□
Lifestyle and routine preventive health care □ Nutrition □ Exercise (eg, benefits of exercise) □ Preventive/travel medicine □ Risk factors and prevention (eg, falls, general medical condition; polypharmacy, driving, caregiver stress) □ Routine vaccinations
Senescence (65 years and older)
□ Immune System
□
Development of cells of the adaptive immune response, including positive and negative selection during immune development
□ Granulocytes, natural killer cells, macrophages, mast cells, dendritic cells, cell receptors (eg, complement receptors and toll-like receptors), cytokines, chemokines □ T lymphocytes, including T-lymphocyte receptors, accessory molecules (eg, CD3, CD4, CD8, B7), cell activation and proliferation, cytotoxic T lymphocytes, and memory T lymphocytes □
Structure, production, and function
□ B lymphocytes and plasma cells, including B-lymphocyte receptors, immunoglobulins, cell activation and proliferation, including development of antibodies and memory B lymphocytes □ Host defense mechanisms, host barriers to infection, mucosal immunity (eg, gutassociated lymphoid tissue and bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue), anatomical locations of T and B lymphocytes
□ Antigen processing and presentation in the context of MHC I and MHC II molecules (eg, TAP, beta-2 microglobulin), intracellular pathways, mechanisms by which MHC is expressed on the surface; including distribution of MHC I and MHC II on different cells, mechanisms of MHC I and MHC II deficiencies, and the genetics of MHC
□ Normal processes □ Cellular basis of the immune response and immunologic mediators
□ Regulation of the adaptive immune response (eg, peripheral tolerance, anergy, regulatory T lymphocytes, termination of immune response, and B-T lymphocyte interactions) □ Activation, function, and molecular biology of complement (eg, anaphylatoxins) □
Functional and molecular biology of cytokines (eg, IL 1-15)
□ Basis of immunologic diagnostics (eg, antigen-antibody reactions used for diagnostic purposes, ELISA, immunoblotting, antigen-antibody changes over time, ABO typing) □
! 14
Vaccine production and mechanisms of vaccine action □ Biologically active antibodies (eg, monoclonal antibodies, polyclonal antibodies including IVIG, VZIG, rabies immunoglobulin)
□
Principles of immunologic protection
□
Effect of age on the function of components of the immune system
JumpStart Med Ed - Fundamentals of Medicine 501 - Course Syllabus
□ Disorders associated with immunodeficiency
□ Abnormal Processes: Health and Health Maintenance, Screening, Diagnosis, Management, Risks, Prognosis
□
□
HIV/AIDS
□
Deficiency primarily of humoral immunity □ Common variable immunodeficiency □ Hyper IgM syndrome □ Hypogammaglobulinemia/agammaglobulinemia, X-linked (Bruton) □ Selective immunodeficiency (eg, IgA, IgM, IgE)
□
Deficiency/dysfunction primarily of cell-mediated immunity □ Adenosine deaminase deficiency □ DiGeorge syndrome □ Severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID) □ Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome □ Granulomatosis □ Allergic reactions/skin
□
Complement deficiency □ Alternative pathway component deficiency (C2, C3b, C3bB, C36B6) □ Classical pathway component deficiency (C1q, C1r, C1-C5) □ Terminal component deficiency (C5b-C9; terminal complement complex) □ C1 esterase inhibitor deficiency, hereditary angioedema; mannose-binding lectin (MBL) deficiency □ Membrane attack complex deficiency
□
Deficiency of phagocytic cells and natural killer cells □ Chediak-Higashi disease □ Chronic granulomatous disease and other disorders of phagocytosis □ Leukocyte adhesion deficiency
□
HIV1 and HIV2
□
AIDS
□
AIDS complications (eg, neuropathy, dementia, renal insufficiency)
□
Immunology of AIDS
□
Immune reconstitution syndrome (IRS)
□
Secondary infections
□
Noninfectious complications
□
Hypersensitivity reactions □ Type 1, 2, 3, including anaphylaxis □ Type 4 □ Drug reactions □ Serum sickness
□
Transplantation □ Rejection □ Graft-vs-host disease
□
Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction
Immunologically mediated disorders
□ Adverse effects of drugs on the immune system
□ Drugs affecting the immune system (eg, prednisone, azathioprine, cyclosporine, methotrexate, monoclonal antibody drugs [eg, abciximab, adalimumab; bevacizumab, infliximab, omalizumab, rituximab]) □
Vaccine adverse effects
□ Blood & Lymphoreticular System □
Embryonic development, fetal maturation, and perinatal changes
□
Organ structure and function
□ Production and function of erythrocytes, including heme and hemoglobin synthesis □ Normal Processes
□
□
! 15
Cell/tissue structure and function
□ Hemoglobin O2 and CO2 transport, transport proteins, erythropoietin production and function of platelets □
Production and function of coagulation and fibrinolytic factors
□
Hemostasis
Repair, regeneration, and changes associated with stage of life
JumpStart Med Ed - Fundamentals of Medicine 501 - Course Syllabus
□
□
Infectious and immunologic
Infectious disorders □ Bacteria □
Viral □ Hemorrhagic fever (Ebola virus, Marburg virus) □ Chikungunya □ Dengue fever
□
Parasitic □ Malaria (Plasmodium spp) □ Babesiosis (Babesia species)
□
Primary infections of lymphoid tissue □ Lymphadenitis (viral, bacterial, fungal, parasitic) □ Lymphangitis □ Buboes, bubonic plague (Yersinia pestis) □ Cat scratch disease (Bartonella henselae)
□
Immunologic and inflammatory disorders □ Cryoglobinemia, essential mixed cryoglobinemia □ Autoimmune hemolytic anemia □ Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria □ Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura □ Hemolytic uremic syndrome
□
Leukemia, acute (ALL, AML)
□
Leukemia, chronic (CLL, CML)
□ Lymphomas, Hodgkin disease, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, Burkitt lymphoma, T-cell lymphoma □
Neoplasms
□ Multiple myeloma, dysproteinemias, monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance (MGUS) □
Myelofibrosis
□
Myelodysplastic syndrome, myelodysplasias
□ Other immunoproliferative neoplasms (eg, Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia)
□ Anemia, cytopenias, and polycythemia anemias
□ Abnormal Processes: Health and Health Maintenance, Screening, Diagnosis, Management, Risks, Prognosis
! 16
□
Decreased production: anemia of chronic disease
□
Hemolysis □ Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency □ Pyruvate kinase deficiency
□
Disorders of hemoglobin, heme, or membrane □ Disorders of red cell membranes □ Hereditary spherocytosis, elliptocytosis; methemoglobinemia, congenital □ Sickle cell disease □ Sideroblastic anemia □ Thalassemias
□ Other causes of anemia: blood loss, acute and chronic as a cause of anemia □
Cytopenias □ Aplastic anemia □ Leukopenia □ Neutropenia, cyclic neutropenia, agranulocytosis □ Pancytopenia □ Thrombocytopenia, quantitative □ Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)
□
Cythemias □ Leukocytosis □ Polycythemia vera □ Secondary polycythemia
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□
Hypocoagulable □ Disseminated intravascular coagulation □ Hemophilia, congenital factor VIII [hemophilia A] and IX [hemophilia B] □ Hypofibrinogenemia □ von Willebrand disease □ Platelet dysfunction, qualitative
□
Hypercoagulable □ Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia □ Other coagulopathies (eg, homocysteinemia, hypoplasminogenemia, antithrombin III, protein C/protein S deficiency, Factor V Leiden, anticardiolipin antibodies, lupus anticoagulant, prothrombin G20210A mutation)
□
Reactions to blood components □ ABO incompatibility/anaphylaxis □ Rh incompatibility/anaphylaxis □ Hemolysis, delayed □ Transfusion reaction □ Transfusion contaminated with bacteria □ Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) □ Anaphylactoid reaction (IgA deficiency)
□
Mechanical injury to erythrocytes (eg, cardiac valve hemolysis)
□
Disorders of the spleen
□
Splenic rupture/laceration
□
Splenic infarct
□
Splenic abscess
□ Coagulation disorders (hypocoagulable and hypercoagulable conditions)
□ Traumatic, mechanical, and vascular disorders
□ Effects/complications of splenectomy (eg, sepsis due to encapsulated bacteria)
□
□
Hypersplenism
□
Antiplatelet drugs, antithrombin drugs (eg, dabigatran)
□
Chemotherapeutic agents
□
Inhibitors of coagulation factors
□
Methemoglobinemia, acquired
□
Propylthiouracil
□
Tumor lysis syndrome
□
Warfarin
Congenital disorders
□ Adverse effects of drugs on the hematologic and lymphoreticular systems
□ Behavioral Health
□
Psychodynamic and behavioral factors, related past experience (eg, transference, personality traits)
□
Adaptive behavioral responses to stress and illness (eg, coping mechanisms)
□
Maladaptive behavioral responses to stress and illness (eg, drug-seeking behavior, sleep deprivation)
□
Patient adherence
□ Normal Processes
□
! 17
Psychotic disorders
□
General adherence
□
Adolescent adherence
□
Brief psychotic disorder
□
Delusional disorder
□
Psychotic disorder due to another medical condition
□
Schizophrenia
□
Schizoaffective disorder
□
Substance-induced psychotic disorder
JumpStart Med Ed - Fundamentals of Medicine 501 - Course Syllabus
□
Anxiety disorders
□
Acute stress disorder
□
Anxiety due to another medical condition
□
Generalized anxiety disorder
□
Hyperventilation syndrome
□
Obsessive-compulsive disorder
□
Panic disorder with and without agoraphobia
□
Phobic disorders
□
Anxiety disorder (social phobia)
□
Post-traumatic stress disorder
□
Separation anxiety disorder
□
Substance-induced anxiety disorder, trichotillomania
□ Major depressive disorder with and without psychotic features, with and without seasonal pattern □ Major depressive disorder, postpartum, with and without psychotic features, including screening
□
Mood disorders
□
Cyclothymic disorder
□
Persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia)
□
Bipolar disorder, manic/depressed/mixed
□ Premenstrual dysphoric disorder; bipolar and related disorder or depressive disorder due to another medical condition □ Substance/medication-induced bipolar and related disorder or depressive disorder (illegal or prescribed)
□
□
Somatoform disorders
□
Suicidal ideation/attempt
□
Body dysmorphic disorder
□
Conversion disorder, including psychogenic seizures
□
Dissociative disorders
□
Illness anxiety disorder (hypochondriasis)
□
Malingering
□
Pain disorder
□
Somatic symptom disorder
Factitious disorders: factitious disorder imposed on self
□ Eating disorders and impulse control disorders
□
Anorexia nervosa
□
Binge-eating disorder
□
Bulimia nervosa
□
Eating disorder
□ Disruptive, impulse-control, and conduct disorders (eg, gambling, kleptomania, pyromania) □ Abnormal Processes: Health and Health Maintenance,
! 18
JumpStart Med Ed - Fundamentals of Medicine 501 - Course Syllabus
and Health Maintenance, Screening, Diagnosis, Management, Risks, Prognosis
□
Reactive attachment disorder
□
Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder
□
Speech sound disorder or language disorder
□
Learning disorder/dyslexia
□ Intellectual developmental disorder and developmental delay, undefined, including school problems, fetal alcohol syndrome □
□
□
□
□
Disorders originating in infancy/childhood
Personality disorders
Psychosocial disorders/behaviors
Sexual and gender identity disorders
Substance abuse disorders
□
Oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder
□
Autism spectrum disorder, Rett syndrome
□
Psychoses with origin specific to childhood
□
Elimination disorders (incontinence, encopresis)
□
Tic disorders/Tourette disorder
□
Antisocial personality disorder
□
Avoidant personality disorder
□
Borderline personality disorder
□
Dependent personality disorder
□
Histrionic personality disorder
□
Narcissistic personality disorder
□
Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder
□
Paranoid personality disorder
□
Schizoid personality disorder
□
Adjustment disorder
□
Grief response/bereavement, normal and persistent complex
□ Parent-child relational problems other than physical or emotional abuse □
Other psychosocial stress
□
Gender dysphoria
□
Psychosexual dysfunction
□
Alcohol use disorder/intoxication/dependence/withdrawal
□
Tobacco/nicotine use disorder/dependence/withdrawal
□
Cannabis use disorder/intoxication/ dependence
□
Hallucinogen use disorder/intoxication/dependence/withdrawal
□
Inhalant use disorder/intoxication/dependence/withdrawal
□ Opioids, heroin, including prescription drugs, use disorder/ intoxication/dependence/withdrawal □ Sedatives, hypnotics, including benzodiazepines and barbiturates use disorder/intoxication/dependence/withdrawal □ Stimulants, cocaine, methamphetamine use disorder/intoxication/ dependence/withdrawal □ Other drugs of use disorders (eg, ecstasy, PCP, bath salts)/ intoxication/dependence/ withdrawal
□
! 19
Adverse effects of drugs
□
Polysubstance use disorder/intoxication/dependence/withdrawal
□
Steroid-induced psychosis
□
Varenicline and suicide
□
Drug-induced psychogenic polydipsia
JumpStart Med Ed - Fundamentals of Medicine 501 - Course Syllabus
□ Nervous System & Special Senses
□ Embryonic development, fetal maturation, and perinatal changes, including neural tube derivatives, cerebral ventricles, and neural crest derivatives □
Spinal cord □ Gross anatomy and blood supply □ Spinal reflexes
□ Brain stem (eg, cranial nerves and nuclei, reticular formation, anatomy and blood supply, control of eye movements)
□
Organ structure and function
□
Brain □ Gross anatomy and blood supply □ Higher function: cognition, language, memory, executive function □ Hypothalamic function □ Limbic system and emotional behaviour □ Circadian rhythms and sleep
□
Sensory systems □ General sensory modalities, including sharp, dull, temperature, vibratory, and proprioception □ Special sensory modalities, including vision, hearing, taste, olfaction, and balance
□
Motor systems □ Brain and spinal cord (upper motoneuron) □ Basal ganglia and cerebellum
□
Autonomic nervous system
□
Peripheral nerves
□
Axonal transport
□ Normal Processes
□ Excitable properties of neurons, axons, and dendrites, including channels □ Synthesis, storage, release, reuptake, and degradation of neurotransmitters and neuromodulators □ Cell/tissue structure and function, including neuronal cellular and molecular biology
□ Presynaptic and postsynaptic receptor interactions, trophic and growth factors □
Brain metabolism
□
Glia, myelin
□ Brain homeostasis: blood-brain barrier, cerebrospinal fluid formation and flow, choroid plexus
□
! 20
Repair, regeneration, and changes associated with stage of life
JumpStart Med Ed - Fundamentals of Medicine 501 - Course Syllabus
□
Infectious disorders □ Meningitis: bacterial (Actinomyces israelii; Haemophilus influenzae; Listeria monocytogenes; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Neisseria meningitidis; Staphylococcus aureus, epidermidis; Streptococcus agalactiae; Streptococcus pneumoniae) □ Viral (adenovirus, arboviruses, echovirus and coxsackie A & B viruses, polioviruses, herpes simplex virus, varicella zoster, human immunodeficiency virus, lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, measles virus, mumps virus, St. Louis encephalitis virus, California encephalitis virus, Western equine encephalitis virus) □ Fungal (Blastomycosis dermatitidis, Cryptococcus neoformans/gattii) □ Spirochetal (Borrelia burgdorferi; Leptospira; Treponema pallidum, including neurosyphilis) □ Protozoal/helminths (Acanthamoeba, Naegleria fowleri, Strongyloides stercoralis, Angiostrongylus cantonensis, Baylisascaris procyonis) □ Encephalitis (herpesvirus [HSVI], varicella-zoster virus, Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, mumps virus, enterovirus, West Nile virus, St. Louis encephalitis virus, rabies virus, Eastern and Western equine encephalitis virus, poliovirus, Taenia, Toxoplasma gondii) □ Prion disease (eg, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease) □ Botulism (Clostridium botulinum), tetanus (Clostridium tetani) □ CNS disorders associated with AIDS (eg, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy)
□
Immunologic and inflammatory disorders • Myasthenia gravis, including thymoma • Multiple sclerosis • Transverse myelitis
□
Benign (meningioma, neurofibromatosis)
□ Infectious, immunologic, and inflammatory disorders
□
Neoplasms (cerebral, spinal, and peripheral)
□ Malignant (glioblastoma multiforme, astrocytoma, medulloblastoma, primary CNS lymphoma) □
Metastatic (eg, breast, lung, pancreatic, testicular, melanoma)
□
Arteriovenous malformations, ectatic cerebral vessels
□
Transient ischemic attack
□
Stroke, thrombotic: cerebral artery occlusion/cerebral infarction
□
Stroke, embolic
□
Cerebral embolism
□ Stroke: intracerebral hemorrhage, including subarachnoid hemorrhage, traumatic intracranial hemorrhage □
Cerebrovascular disease
□ Disorders relating to the spine, spinal cord, and spinal nerve roots
! 21
□
Cerebral artery aneurysm
□
Carotid artery stenosis/atherosclerosis/occlusion/dissection
□
Vertebral artery deficiency/dissection
□
Subclavian steal syndrome; vascular dementia
□
Hypertensive encephalopathy
□
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome
□
Venous sinus thrombosis
□
Cauda equina syndrome
□
Spinal artery thrombosis/embolus/infarct
□
Spinal cord compression
□ Spinal cord transection, paraplegia and quadriplegia, acute and chronic effects (eg, autonomic dysreflexia) □
Spinal stenosis (cervical, lumbar)
□
Syringomyelia
JumpStart Med Ed - Fundamentals of Medicine 501 - Course Syllabus
□
□
Cranial nerve injury/disorders □ Cranial nerve injury □ Bell palsy □ Anisocoria, miosis, mydriasis □ Internuclear ophthalmoplegia □ Nystagmus and other irregular eye movements □ Vestibular neuritis, labyrinthitis □ Ptosis of the eyelid □ Horner syndrome
□
Peripheral nerve/plexus injury/disorders □ peripheral nerve injury, including brachial plexus □ carpal/cubital/tarsal/peroneal tunnel syndrome □ mononeuritis, Guillain-Barré syndrome □ Miller Fisher syndrome □ neuropathy (eg, Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease) □ herpes zoster
Cranial and peripheral nerve disorders
□ Complex regional pain syndrome (reflex sympathetic dystrophy, causalgia)
□
Neurologic pain syndromes
□ Degenerative disorders/amnestic syndromes
□
□
□
□
□ Abnormal Processes: Health and Health Maintenance, Screening, Diagnosis, Management, Risks, Prognosis
! 22
Global cerebral dysfunction
Neuromuscular disorders
Movement disorders
Metabolic disorders
□
Fibromyalgia
□
Postherpetic neuralgia
□
Phantom limb pain/syndrome
□
Thalamic pain syndrome
□
Trigeminal neuralgia
□
Alzheimer disease
□ Frontotemporal dementia, including Pick disease, progressive supranuclear palsy, Lewy body disease □
Mild neurocognitive disorder, mild cognitive impairment
□
Altered states of consciousness
□
Delirium
□
Coma/brain death
□
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/spinal muscular atrophy
□
Muscular dystrophy (eg, Duchenne, myotonic)
□
Muscle channelopathies (eg, hypokalemic period paralysis)
□
Acute dystonia
□
Adult tic disease
□
Essential tremor
□
Huntington disease
□
Parkinson disease, including Parkinson dementia
□
Adrenoleukodystrophy
□
Metabolic encephalopathy
□ Headache, including migraine, mixed, tension, ice-pick, cluster, medication withdrawal, caffeine withdrawal □
Paroxysmal disorders
□ Seizure disorders, including generalized tonic-clonic, partial, absence, febrile
JumpStart Med Ed - Fundamentals of Medicine 501 - Course Syllabus
□
Sleep disorders
□
Cataplexy and narcolepsy
□
Circadian rhythm disorders
□
Insomnia, primary
□
Sleep terror disorder and sleepwalking
□
REM sleep behavior disorder
□
Restless legs syndrome
□
Anoxic brain damage, cerebral hypoxia
□
Epidural, subdural hematoma (cerebral and spinal)
□ Intraparenchymal hemorrhage, traumatic subarachnoid haemorrhage
□ Traumatic and mechanical disorders and disorders of increased intracranial pressure
□
Cerebral edema
□
Pseudotumor cerebri (idiopathic intracranial hypertension)
□
Torticollis/cervical dystonia
□
Hydrocephalus, including normal-pressure
□ Traumatic brain injury (concussion)/postconcussion syndrome (dementia pugilistica) □
Traumatic brain syndrome
□
Friedreich ataxia
□ Neural tube defects (eg, spina bifida, holoprosencephaly, anencephaly) □
Congenital disorders
□ Adverse effects of drugs on the nervous system
! 23
□
Microcephaly
□
Sturge-Weber syndrome
□
Tuberous sclerosis, von Hippel-Lindau disease
□
Hydrocephalus, obstructive (Arnold-Chiari)
□
Acute dystonic reaction
□
Drug-induced meningitis (eg, NSAIDs, sulfa drugs)
□
Drug-induced neuropathy (eg, vincristine, isoniazid, metronidazole)
□ Extrapyramidal adverse effects (eg, akathisia, dystonia, druginduced parkinsonism) □
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
□
Poisoning by psychotropic agents, including antidepressants
□
Serotonin syndrome
□
Tardive dyskinesia
JumpStart Med Ed - Fundamentals of Medicine 501 - Course Syllabus
□
! 24
Disorders of the eye and eyelid
□
Infectious and inflammatory disorders of the eye □ Blepharitis/eyelid inflammation □ Chalazion □ Chorioretinitis □ Conjunctivitis (adenovirus)/keratoconjunctivitis □ Dacryocystitis □ Endophthalmitis □ Hordeolum □ Iridocyclitis □ Optic neuritis □ Periorbital cellulitis □ Uveitis
□
Neoplasms of the eye □ Melanoma □ Retinoblastoma
□
Disorders of the eye and eyelid, structural □ Cataract □ Glaucoma □ Lacrimal system disorders □ Pterygium □ Refractive disorders (presbyopia, myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism)
□
Disorders of the pupil, iris, muscles (extraocular) □ Amblyopia □ Strabismus
□
Disorders of the retina □ Hypertensive retinopathy □ Macular degeneration □ Papilledema □ Retinal detachment □ Retinitis pigmentosa □ Vascular disorders affecting the retina, including central retinal artery embolus, retinal hemorrhage, amaurosis fugax, embolus, carotid artery stenosis, central retinal vein occlusion □ Visual impairment/blindness, night blindness
□
Traumatic and mechanical disorder □ Black eye □ Burn of the eye and adnexa □ Corneal abrasion, ulcer □ Dislocated lens □ Foreign body in eye □ Hyphema □ Injury to optic nerve and pathways □ Laceration of the eye and eyelid □ Ocular open wounds □ Orbital fracture □ Subconjunctival haemorrhage
□
Adverse effects of drugs on the eyes □ Ethambutol □ Hydroxychloroquine □ Prednisone
JumpStart Med Ed - Fundamentals of Medicine 501 - Course Syllabus
□
□
Infectious and inflammatory disorders of the ear □ Chondritis □ Mastoiditis □ Otitis, externa, media, interna, serous, suppurative, malignant otitis externa
□
Neoplasms □ Acoustic neuroma, neurofibromatosis type 2 □ Cholesteatoma
□
Hearing loss/deafness □ Hearing loss, including noise induced □ Otosclerosis □ Tinnitus
□
Disorders of balance and spatial orientation □ Ménière disease □ Motion sickness □ Vertigo, including benign positional vertigo
□
Traumatic and mechanical disorders □ Barotrauma □ Foreign body in ear □ Impacted cerumen □ Laceration, avulsion □ Perforation of tympanic membrane □ Eustachian tube disorders
□
Adverse effects of drugs on the ear □ Antineoplastic agents, including cisplatin □ Aminoglycosides □ Furosemide □ Salicylates
Disorders of the ear
□ Skin & Subcutaneous Tissue
□ Normal Processes
□
Embryonic development, fetal maturation, and neonatal changes
□
Organ structure and function, including barrier function, thermal regulation
□ Cell/tissue structure and function, eccrine function Repair, regeneration, and changes associated with stage of life (eg, senile purpura, male pattern baldness, postmenopausal hair changes) □
! 25
Skin defense mechanisms and normal flora
JumpStart Med Ed - Fundamentals of Medicine 501 - Course Syllabus
□
Infectious disorders and infestations □ Bacterial □ Cellulitis, erysipelas, impetigo, staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome □ Abscess, cutaneous, including septic abscess □ Anthrax (Bacillus anthracis) □ Carbuncle □ Folliculitis □ Pilonidal cyst, infected □ Pyoderma gangrenosum □ MSSA and MRSA skin infections □ Mycobacterial infections (eg, leprosy, draining sinus) □ Scarlet fever (group A Streptococcus) □ Viral □ Herpes simplex type 1 & type 2, herpes zoster, Ramsay-Hunt syndrome □ Molluscum contagiosum □ Hand-foot-and-mouth disease □ Herpangina □ Parvovirus □ Chickenpox, erythema infectiosum (fifth disease), rubella, measles, roseola (exanthema subitum) □ Verrucae vulgaris □ Fungal (deep and superficial) □ Candidiasis, skin □ Dermatophytosis, tinea corporis □ Dermatomycoses □ Diaper rash □ Onychomycosis □ Parasitic □ Cutaneous larva migrans □ Cutaneous leishmaniasis □ Infestations, nonvenomous bites, stings □ Scabies □ Lice □ Insect bites, including bed bugs
□
Immunologic and inflammatory disorders □ Papulosquamous and eczematous dermatoses □ Psoriasis □ Lichen planus and lichenoid dermatoses □ Allergic/irritant contact dermatitis (eg, nickel) □ Dermatoses caused by plants (poison ivy, poison oak) □ Vesiculobullous disorders □ Epidermolysis bullosa □ Dermatitis herpetiformis □ Pemphigus □ Pemphigoid □ Urticaria, erythema, exanthema, and □ Purpura □ Erythema nodosum □ Atopic dermatitis □ Pityriasis rosea □ Urticarial □ Stevens-Johnson syndrome, erythema multiforme, toxic epidermal necrolysis □ Autoimmune disorders □ Vitiligo
□
Benign neoplasms, cysts and other skin lesions □ Actinic keratosis □ Cysts, including epidermal □ Hemangiomas □ Lipoma □ Pigmented nevi □ Seborrheic keratosis □ Xanthomas
□
Malignant neoplasms □ Basal cell carcinoma □ Squamous cell carcinoma □ Melanoma, including genital □ Kaposi sarcoma □ Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, mycosis fungoides
□ Infectious, immunologic, and inflammatory disorders
□ Abnormal Processes: Health and Health Maintenance, Screening, Diagnosis, Management, Risks, Prognosis
□
! 26
Neoplasms
JumpStart Med Ed - Fundamentals of Medicine 501 - Course Syllabus
□ Adnexal disorders (hair and hair follicles, nails, sweat glands, sebaceous glands, oral mucous membranes)
□
Disorders of the hair and hair follicles □ Alopecia □ Seborrhea capitis/seborrheic dermatitis □ Tinea barbae and capitis
□
Disorders of the nails (including ingrowing nail)
□
Disorders of sweat and sebaceous glands □ Acne vulgaris □ Hidradenitis suppurativa □ Hyperhidrosis □ Ichthyosis □ Rosacea
□ Musculoskeletal System
□ Normal processes
□
Embryonic development, fetal maturation, and perinatal changes
□
Organ structure and function
□
Cell/tissue structure and function
□
Repair, regeneration, and changes associated with stage of life
□
Biology of bones, joints, tendons, skeletal muscle, cartilage
□
Exercise and physical conditioning/deconditioning
□
Infectious disorders □ Gangrene, dry and wet, clostridial myonecrosis (Clostridium perfringens) □ Discitis □ Myositis, infective □ Necrotizing fasciitis □ Osteomyelitis □ Septic arthritis □ Spondylitis, tuberculous
□
Immunologic disorders □ Ankylosing spondylitis □ Dermatomyositis/polymyositis □ Juvenile idiopathic arthritis □ Rheumatoid arthritis, Felty syndrome □ Psoriatic arthropathy
□
Inflammatory disorders □ Adhesive capsulitis of shoulder (frozen shoulder syndrome) □ Ankylosis/spondylopathy (inflammatory) □ Bursitis □ Fasciitis □ Osteochondritis, osteochondritis dissecans □ Tendinitis, supraspinatus syndrome, enthesopathy of spine, elbow, ankle □ Temporomandibular joint disorders □ Fibrositis, myofascial pain syndrome □ Synovitis □ Tenosynovitis □ Myositis
□
Benign neoplasms (e.g., ganglion cyst)
□ Infectious, inflammatory, and immunologic disorders
□
Neoplasms
□ Malignant neoplasms of bone (eg, osteosarcoma, sarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, rhabdosarcoma) □
! 27
Metastases to bone, secondary malignant neoplasm of bone
JumpStart Med Ed - Fundamentals of Medicine 501 - Course Syllabus
□
□
Degenerative/metabolic disorders of bone, tendon, and cartilage □ Chondromalacia □ Disc degeneration, herniated disc □ Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease □ Osgood-Schlatter disease □ Osteodystrophy □ Osteomalacia □ Osteonecrosis (avascular), bone infarct □ Osteoporosis □ Osteopenia □ Osteitis deformans (Paget disease of bone) □ Pathologic fracture □ Radiculopathies □ Spondylolisthesis/spondylosis (degenerative)
□
Degenerative/metabolic disorders of joints □ Gout, gouty arthritis, pseudogout □ Joint effusion □ Osteoarthritis
□
Degenerative/metabolic disorders of muscles, ligaments, fascia □ Dupuytren contracture □ Muscle calcification and ossification □ Muscle wasting and diffuse atrophy □ Rhabdomyolysis
□
Amputation and care of amputees
□
Backache, including low back pain
□
Blast injuries
□
Compartment syndrome
□
Contractures, hospital-acquired
□
Contusions
□
Dislocations
□
Fractures
□
Sprains, strains
□
Kyphoscoliosis, scoliosis
□
Rotator cuff syndrome
□
Slipped capital femoral epiphysis
□
Dislocation of hip
□
Achondroplasia/dwarfism
□
Disorders of limb development (HOX gene mutation, phocomelia)
□
Developmental dysplasia of the hip
□
Dislocation of hip in infantile spinal muscular atrophy
□
Genu valgum or varum
□
Foot deformities (flat foot, valgus/varus deformities)
□
Osteogenesis imperfect
□
McArdle disease
□
Mitochondrial myopathies
□
Drug-induced myopathy (eg, steroids, statins, cocaine, AZT)
□
Malignant hyperthermia
Degenerative and metabolic disorders
□ Abnormal Processes: Health and Health Maintenance, Screening, Diagnosis, Management, Risks, Prognosis
□
□
Traumatic and mechanical disorders
Congenital disorders
□ Adverse effects of drugs on the musculoskeletal system
□ Cardiovascular System
□
! 28
Embryonic development, fetal maturation, and perinatal transitional changes
JumpStart Med Ed - Fundamentals of Medicine 501 - Course Syllabus
□
Organ structure and function
□
Chambers, valves
□
Cardiac cycle, mechanics, heart sounds, cardiac conduction
□ Hemodynamics, including blood volume and systemic vascular resistance □ Circulation in specific vascular beds, including pulmonary and coronary
□ Normal Processes □ Heart muscle, metabolism, oxygen consumption, biochemistry, and secretory function (eg, atrial natriuretic peptide)
□
Cell/tissue structure and function
□ Endothelium and secretory function, vascular smooth muscle, microcirculation, and lymph flow □ Neural and hormonal regulation of the heart, blood vessels, and blood volume, including responses to change in posture, exercise, and tissue metabolism, and autonomic responses
□
Repair, regeneration, and changes associated with stage of life
□ Infectious, immunologic, and inflammatory disorders
□
□
! 29
Neoplasms
Dysrhythmias
□
Infectious disorders □ Bacterial endocarditis □ Myocarditis
□
Immunologic and inflammatory disorders □ Atherosclerosis (eg, atherosclerosis of the aorta)
□
Myxoma
□
Metastases
□
Premature beats (PACs, PVCs)
□
Atrial flutter/fibrillation
□
Multifocal atrial tachycardia
□
Paroxysmal tachycardias
□
Ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation
□
Wide complex tachycardia
□
Torsades de pointes
□
Bradycardias
□
Atrioventricular block (first-, second-, third-degree)
□
Conduction disorder (LBBB, RBBB)
□
Cardiac arrest
□
Sick sinus syndrome
□
Prolonged QT syndrome
□
Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome
□
Carotid sinus hypersensitivity
□
Pacemaker dysfunction, including failure to sense, capture
JumpStart Med Ed - Fundamentals of Medicine 501 - Course Syllabus
□
Heart failure
□
Chordae tendineae rupture
□
Congestive heart failure
□
Cor pulmonale
□
Diastolic dysfunction
□
Systolic dysfunction
□
Mitral valve dysfunction
□
Heart failure secondary to myocardial infarction
□ High-output heart failure, including thyrotoxicosis-induced, anemia-induced
□
Ischemic heart disease
□
Tachycardia, induced
□
Cardiogenic pulmonary edema
□
Acute coronary syndrome, acute myocardial infarction
□ Angina pectoris, stable and unstable/coronary artery disease/ coronary insufficiency □
Coronary artery spasm
□
Cardiomyopathy, dilated, including alcoholic, viral, takotsubo
□
Cardiomyopathy, obstructive hypertrophic
□
Cardiomyopathy, familial dilated
□
Cardiomyopathy, restrictive
□ Hypertensive heart disease, left ventricular hypertrophy, right ventricular hypertrophy □
Diseases of the myocardium
□ Abnormal Processes: Health and Health Maintenance, Screening, Diagnosis, Management, Risks, Prognosis □
Diseases of the pericardium
□
Complications of myocardial infarction
□
Traumatic tamponade post-myocardial infarction
□
Papillary muscle rupture/dysfunction
□
Ventricular free wall rupture
□
Myocarditis
□
Chronic constrictive pericarditis
□
Pericardial effusion
□
Pericardial tamponade
□
Acute pericarditis
□
Pericarditis, following myocardial infarction, surgery, trauma
□ Valve disorders, mitral/aortic/tricuspid, pulmonic (eg, regurgitation, stenosis, prolapse, insufficiency, vegetation) □
□
□
! 30
Valvular heart disease
Hypotension
Hypertension
□
Functional murmurs
□
Rheumatic heart disease
□
Complications of artificial valves
□
Orthostatic hypotension
□
Elevated blood pressure reading without diagnosis of hypertension
□
Essential hypertension
□
Malignant hypertension
□
Secondary hypertension
JumpStart Med Ed - Fundamentals of Medicine 501 - Course Syllabus
□
□
□
Dyslipidemia
□
Hypercholesterolemia
□
Hyperlipidemia
□
Hypertriglyceridemia
□
Lipoproteins/lipoprotein lipase deficiency
□
Disorders of the great vessels □ Aneurysm, aortic (abdominal/thoracic), dissection, ruptured □ Aneurysm, iliac, other peripheral vascular, ruptured □ Aortoiliac disease
□
Peripheral arterial vascular disease □ Arterial embolus/thrombosis □ Arteriovenous fistula □ Atheroembolic disease □ Claudication □ Cholesterol emboli □ Hypertensive vascular disease □ Peripheral arterial disease □ Thromboangiitis obliterans
□
Diseases of the veins □ Deep venous thrombosis, venous thromboembolism □ Phlebitis/thrombophlebitis □ Varicose veins □ Venous insufficiency □ Stasis ulcers, stasis dermatitis
□
Ventricular puncture
□
Myocardial contusion
□
Myocardial rupture
□
Traumatic aortic dissection
□
Traumatic tamponade
□
Anomalous left coronary artery
□
Atrial septal defect
□
Coarctation of the aorta
□
Endocardial cushion defect
□
Patent foramen ovale
□
Patent ductus arteriosus
□
Tetralogy of Fallot
□
Transposition of the great vessels
□
Ventricular septal defect
□
Adriamycin
□
Cocaine, amphetamine, PCP
□
ACE inhibitors, calcium channel blockers, alpha blockers, minoxidil
Vascular disorders
Traumatic and mechanical disorders
□ Congenital disorders, including disease in adults
□ Adverse effects of drugs on the cardiovascular system
□ Respiratory System
□
□ □ Normal Processes
! 31
Embryonic development, fetal maturation, and perinatal changes
Organ structure and function
□
Airways, including mechanics and regulation of breathing
□
Lung parenchyma, including ventilation, perfusion, gas exchange
□
Pleura
□
Nasopharynx, sinuses
JumpStart Med Ed - Fundamentals of Medicine 501 - Course Syllabus
□
Cell/tissue structure and function, including surfactant formation, and alveolar structure
□
Repair, regeneration, and changes associated with stage of life
□
Pulmonary defense mechanisms and normal flora
□ Infectious, immunologic, and inflammatory disorders of the upper airways □ Acute upper respiratory infection □ Viral infections (adenovirus, coronaviruses, coxsackievirus, influenza virus, parainfluenza virus, rhinoviruses) □ Sinusitis □ Nasopharyngitis □ Epiglottitis □ Bordetella pertussis pneumonia □ Croup □ Acute laryngitis □ Acute laryngotracheitis □ Tracheitis □ Pharyngitis □ Streptococcal throat infections □ Tonsillitis □ Peritonsillar abscess □ Rhinitis, allergic, chronic □ Ulcers of nasal cavity/sinuses
□ Infectious, immunologic, and inflammatory disorders
□
□
□ Infectious, immunologic, and inflammatory disorders of the lower airways □ Hospital acquired pneumonia □ Ventilator-associated pneumonia, community-acquired pneumonia, acute bronchiolitis □ Bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia (BOOP) □ Anthrax, pulmonary (Bacillus anthracis) □ Aspiration pneumonia, pneumonitis □ Bronchitis, acute □ Bronchopneumonia □ Pneumonia (Burkholderia pseudomallei, Chlamydophila pneumoniae, Coxiella burnetii, Francisella tularensis, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Legionella, Moraxella catarrhalis, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus, MSSA, MRSA, other gram- negative bacteria) □ Viral infection (eg, influenza A, B, adenovirus, H1N1, respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza virus) □ Fungal infection (aspergillosis, including allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis and aspergilloma, histoplasmosis, coccidioidomycosis, Pneumocystis jirovecii) □ Pulmonary tuberculosis □ Lung abscess □ Viral infection (eg, influenza A, B, adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza virus, avian influenza virus) □ Fungal infection (aspergillosis, including allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis and aspergilloma, histoplasmosis, coccidioidomycosis, Pneumocystis jirovecii)
□
Benign neoplasms □ Upper airways (eg, vocal cord polyps, nasal polyps, juvenile papillomatosis) □ Lungs and pleura (eg, solitary pulmonary nodule, bronchial carcinoid tumors)
□
Malignant neoplasms □ Upper airways □ Lip, oral cavity, and pharynx □ Head and neck cancer □ Larynx □ Trachea □ Lower airways and pleura □ Malignant neoplasms of bronchus and/or lung (squamous cell, adenocarcinoma, large cell, small cell) □ Malignant neoplasms of pleura (mesothelioma) □ Secondary malignant neoplasms of lung □ Secondary malignant neoplasms of pleura
□
Metastatic neoplasms including pleural
□
Asthma, reactive airway disease
□
Bronchiectasis
□
Chronic airway obstruction
Neoplasms
Obstructive airway disease
□ Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), chronic bronchitis, emphysema
! 32
JumpStart Med Ed - Fundamentals of Medicine 501 - Course Syllabus
□ Abnormal Processes: Health and Health Maintenance, Screening, Diagnosis, Management, Risks, Prognosis
□ Pneumoconiosis/fibrosing/restrictive pulmonary disorders/interstitial lung disease
□
Pneumoconiosis
□
Asbestosis
□
Silicosis
□
Silo-filler's lung, byssinosis, bagassosis, berylliosis
□
Hypersensitivity pneumonitis
□
Hypereosinophilic syndromes, Loeffler syndrome
□ Interstitial pneumonia, usual (UIP), desquamative (DIP), nonspecific
□ Respiratory failure/respiratory arrest and pulmonary vascular disorders
□ Metabolic, regulatory, and structural disorders
□ Disorders of the pleura, mediastinum, and chest wall
□
! 33
□
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
□
Pulmonary hypertension
□
Pulmonary vascular disorders, arteriovenous fistula
□
Pulmonary edema, pulmonary cause and unspecified
□
Pulmonary embolism
□
Air and fat embolism
□
Respiratory failure due to enteral feeding
□
Disorders of gas exchange
□
Hypoventilation
□
Hypoxia
□
Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis
□
Ventilation-perfusion imbalance
□
Chylothorax
□
Costochondritis
□
Empyema
□
Hemothorax
□
Mediastinitis
□
Pleural effusion
□
Pleuritis
□
Pneumomediastinum
□
Pneumothorax
□
Upper airways □ Epistaxis □ Barotrauma, sinus □ Laryngeal/pharyngeal obstruction □ Tracheoesophageal fistula □ Tracheal stenosis □ Tracheomalacia □ Trauma (eg, tracheal injury) □ Foreign body (nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea) □ Traumatic/mechanical disorders of the nasal cavity/sinuses (eg, septal perforation)
□
Lower airways and pleura □ Atelectasis □ Diaphragm/chest wall injury □ Drowning and neardrowning □ Foreign body, upper and lower respiratory tract □ Penetrating chest wounds □ Pulmonary contusion □ Sleep apnea, obstructive and central □ Hypoventilation syndrome, obesity-hypoventilation syndrome
Traumatic and mechanical disorders
JumpStart Med Ed - Fundamentals of Medicine 501 - Course Syllabus
□
Congenital disorders
□ Adverse effects of drugs on the respiratory system
□
Bronchogenic cysts
□
Congenital cysts
□
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia
□
Pulmonary sequestration
□
Immotile cilia syndrome
□
Bleomycin, amiodarone
□
Adverse effects of 100% oxygen
□
Acute effects of tobacco/nicotine, inhalants, cocaine
□ Gastrointestinal System
□
Embryonic development, fetal maturation, and perinatal changes □ Anatomy of the alimentary canal, including mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, anus, peritoneal cavity
□
Organ structure and function
□
Liver and biliary system, including enterohepatic circulation
□
Salivary glands and exocrine pancreas
□ Gastrointestinal motility, including defecation digestion and absorption □ Normal Processes □ Endocrine and neural regulatory functions, including GI hormones (eg, gastrin) □
Cell/tissue structure and function
□ Salivary, gastrointestinal, pancreatic, hepatic secretory products, including enzymes, proteins, bile salts, and processes □
□
Repair, regeneration, and changes associated with stage of life
□
Gastrointestinal defense mechanisms and normal flora
□
Infectious disorders □ Bacterial □ Pseudomembranous colitis (Clostridium difficile) □ Enteritis/enteric infections (includes gastroenteritis) (eg, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Yersinia enterocolitica, Campylobacter species, Vibrio cholerae, Salmonella species, Shigella species, traveler's/infectious diarrhea) □ Hepatic abscess, subhepatic abscess, subphrenic abscess □ Peritonitis, primary and secondary □ Whipple disease □ Viral □ Infectious esophagitis (eg, CMV, herpes) □ Hepatitis A, B, C, D, E □ Coxsackievirus enteritis/colitis □ Echovirus enteritis/colitis □ Rotavirus enteritis □ Mumps □ Gingivostomatitis, herpetic □ Fungal □ Thrush □ Parasitic □ Cryptosporidium, Cyclospora, Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia, Isospora belli, Strongyloides stercoralis
□
Immunologic and inflammatory disorders □ Autoimmune hepatitis □ Celiac disease □ Eosinophilic esophagitis □ Granulomatous enteritis □ Inflammatory bowel disease, including Crohn disease, regional enteritis, microscopic colitis (collagenous and lymphocytic colitis), ulcerative colitis, toxic megacolon
□ Infectious, immunologic, and inflammatory disorders
! 34
Synthetic and metabolic functions of hepatocytes
JumpStart Med Ed - Fundamentals of Medicine 501 - Course Syllabus
□
□
Benign neoplasms, including polyps, cysts □ Stomach □ Small intestine □ Colon, rectum, and anus, including polyps
□
Malignant neoplasms and pre-malignant conditions □ Oral cancer (eg, lips, mouth, tongue, salivary glands) □ Esophageal, squamous and adenocarcinoma □ Barrett esophagus □ Gastrinoma, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome □ Gastrointestinal carcinoid tumors □ Gastrointestinal stromal tumors □ Small intestine □ Stomach, adenocarcinoma, lymphoma, MALT □ Colon, rectum, anus □ Hereditary colon cancer syndromes, familial adenomatous polyposis (eg, Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, Gardner syndrome, Turcot syndrome) □ MUTYH-associated polyposis □ Gallbladder, cholangiocarcinoma, adenocarcinoma of the ampulla of Vater □ Liver, including hepatoma □ Peritoneal cancer, including metastatic studding with cancer □ Pancreas
□
Metastatic neoplasms
□
Upper gastrointestinal bleeding
□
Lower gastrointestinal bleeding
□
Constipation
□
Diarrhea
□
Hematochezia
□
Bright red rectal bleeding
□
Melena
□
Nausea, vomiting, rumination
□
Oral cavity and salivary glands □ Abscessed tooth □ Dental caries □ Malocclusion □ Disorders of the salivary glands (eg, stones, sialadenitis, parotitis) □ Teething syndrome
□
Esophagus □ Achalasia and cardiospasm □ Dysphagia □ Diverticulum (eg, Zenker) □ Esophageal periapical abscess without sinus □ Esophagitis/esophageal reflux (GERD) □ Esophagitis, pill □ Mallory-Weiss syndrome □ Paraesophageal (hiatal) hernia □ Stricture and stenosis of esophagus
Neoplasms
Signs, symptoms, and ill-defined disorders
□ Disorders of the oral cavity, salivary glands, and esophagus
! 35
□
JumpStart Med Ed - Fundamentals of Medicine 501 - Course Syllabus
□
Stomach
□
Small intestine, colon □ Appendicitis □ Angiodysplasia □ Diverticula, diverticulitis, diverticulosis □ Duodenitis, duodenal ulcer, peptic ulcer □ Gastroenteritis and colitis (noninfectious) □ Granulomatous enterocolitis □ Hirschsprung disease □ Impaction of intestine □ Intestinal obstruction/stricture □ Intussusception □ Irritable colon/irritable bowel syndrome □ Mesenteric ischemia/ischemic bowel/ischemic colitis □ Necrotizing enterocolitis □ Paralytic ileus □ Volvulus □ Malnutrition and malabsorption, including lactose intolerance, short bowel syndrome
□
Rectum and anus □ Abscess of anal and rectal regions □ Anal fissure □ Anal fistula □ Ulcer □ Fecal incontinence □ Hemorrhage (rectum, anus) □ Proctitis □ Haemorrhoids □ Rectal prolapse
□
Liver □ Cirrhosis □ Dubin-Johnson, Rotor syndromes □ End-stage liver disease, including indications for transplantation □ Gilbert syndrome, Crigler-Najjar syndrome □ Hepatic coma/hepatic encephalopathy □ Hepatitis, non-infectious □ Hepatitis, fatty liver, alcoholic; hepatorenal syndrome □ Hepatopulmonary syndrome □ Jaundice □ Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease □ Portal hypertension/esophageal varices
□
Biliary system □ Bile duct obstruction/cholestasis □ Cholangitis, including ascending □ Choledocholithiasis □ Cholelithiasis/cholecystitis □ Cholestasis due to parenteral nutrition □ Gallstone ileus □ Mirizzi syndrome □ Primary biliary cirrhosis □ Primary sclerosing cholangitis
□
Pancreatitis, acute
□
Pancreatitis, chronic
□
Pancreatitis, hereditary
□
Pancreatic cyst/pseudocyst
□
Pancreatic duct obstruction; pancreatic insufficiency
□
Ascites
□ Abnormal Processes: Health and Health Maintenance, Screening, Diagnosis, Management, Risks, Prognosis
□ Disorders of the stomach, small intestine, colon, rectum, anus
□ Disorders of the liver and biliary system, noninfectious
□
□
! 36
Disorders of the pancreas
Disorders of the peritoneal cavity
□ □ □ □ □ □
Dyspepsia/hyperacidity Gastric ulcer Gastritis Peptic ulcer Peptic ulcer perforation Gastroparesis
JumpStart Med Ed - Fundamentals of Medicine 501 - Course Syllabus
□
Abdominal wall defects
□
Adhesions, postsurgical
□
Digestive system complications of surgery
□ Post-gastric surgery syndromes (eg, blind loop syndrome, adhesions)
□
□
Traumatic and mechanical disorders
Congenital disorders
□ Adverse effects of drugs on the gastrointestinal system
□
Duodenal tear
□
Foreign body in digestive system
□
Inguinal, femoral, and abdominal wall hernias
□
Open wound, abdominal
□
Perforation of hollow viscus and blunt trauma
□
Perforation/rupture of esophagus (Boerhaave syndrome)
□
Umbilical hernia
□
Annular pancreas
□
Biliary atresia
□
Cleft lip and palate
□
Esophageal atresia
□
Malrotation without volvulus
□
Meckel diverticulum
□
Pyloric stenosis, gastric outlet obstruction
□
Tracheoesophageal fistula
□
Drug-induced changes in motility (chronic laxative abuse, opioids)
□
Drug-induced gastritis, duodenitis, peptic ulcer disease (NSAIDs)
□
Drug-induced hepatitis (eg, acetaminophen, isoniazid)
□
Drug-induced pancreatitis (eg, thiazide diuretics)
□ Renal & Urinary System
□
□
Embryonic development, fetal maturation, and perinatal changes
Organ structure and function
□ Normal Processes
□
Cell/tissue structure and function
□
Kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra
□
Glomerular filtration and hemodynamics
□
Urine concentration and dilution
□
Renal mechanisms in acid-base balance
□
Renal mechanisms in body fluid homeostasis
□
Micturition
□
Renal metabolism and oxygen consumption
□ Tubular reabsorption and secretion, including transport processes and proteins □ Hormones produced by or acting on the kidney (eg, renin, aldosterone, angiotensin II, vasopressin)
□
! 37
Repair, regeneration, and changes associated with stage of life
JumpStart Med Ed - Fundamentals of Medicine 501 - Course Syllabus
□
Infectious disorders □ Upper urinary tract □ Granulomatous pyelonephritis □ Perinephric abscess □ Pyelonephritis □ Pyonephrosis □ Renal abscess □ Renal tuberculosis □ Lower urinary tract and urinary tract infections of unspecified location □ Cystitis □ Chlamydial and nonchlamydial
□
Immunologic and inflammatory disorders □ Upper urinary tract □ Glomerular disorders □ Alport syndrome □ Glomerular disease due to hepatitis B, C □ Glomerulonephritis, including poststreptococcal □ IgA nephropathy □ Lupus nephritis □ Minimal change disease □ Mephrotic syndrome □ Thin basement membrane disease □ Tubular interstitial disease □ Acute tubular necrosis (ATN) □ Acute interstitial nephritis □ Papillary necrosis □ HIV nephropathy □ Lower urinary tract □ Interstitial cystitis
□
Benign neoplasms and cysts □ Polycystic kidney disease
□
Malignant neoplasms □ Renal (eg, Wilms tumor/nephroblastoma, renal cell carcinoma, renal tumors associated with congenital/ hereditary conditions) □ Urinary bladder and collecting system
□
Dysuria
□
Hematuria
□
Oliguria, anuria
□
Proteinuria
□
Acute kidney injury
□
Renal insufficiency
□
Azotemia, uremic syndrome
□
Chronic kidney disease, including end-stage renal disease
□
Cystinuria
□
Fanconi syndrome
□
Hypertensive renal disease (renal complications of hypertension)
□
Renal calculi, ureteral calculi, nephrolithiasis
□
Renal tubular acidosis
□ Infectious, immunologic, and inflammatory disorders
□
□
□
Neoplasms
Signs, symptoms, and ill-defined disorders
Metabolic and regulatory disorders
□ Abnormal Processes: Health and Health Maintenance, Screening, Diagnosis, Management, Risks, Prognosis
□ Renal artery stenosis (atherosclerosis, fibromuscular dysplasia, nephrosclerosis) □
! 38
Vascular disorders
□
Renal vein thrombosis
□
Renal infarction
JumpStart Med Ed - Fundamentals of Medicine 501 - Course Syllabus
□
□
Traumatic and mechanical disorders
Congenital disorders
□ Adverse effects of drugs on the renal and urinary system
□
Bladder rupture
□
Neurogenic bladder
□
Obstructive uropathy
□
Posterior urethral valves
□
Renal laceration
□
Renal vascular injury
□
Ureteral laceration/avulsion/disruption
□
Urethral diverticulum
□
Obstruction/stricture/prolapse
□
Urinary incontinence, including secondary enuresis
□
Vesicoureteral reflux
□
Double ureters/ureteral duplication/double collecting system
□
Horseshoe kidney
□
Hydronephrosis/reflux
□
Renal agenesis, renal hypoplasia, renal dysplasia
□
Single kidney
□
ACE inhibitors
□
Aminoglycosides
□
Amphotericin B
□
Cisplatin
□
Furosemide
□
Gadolinium (nephrogenic systemic fibrosis)
□
Heroin
□
Iodinated contrast dye
□
Lithium
□
NSAIDs
□
Penicillins
□
Sulfa drugs
□
Tenofovir
□
Drug - induced urinary retention
□ Pregnancy, Childbirth, & the Puerperium
□ Normal Processes
! 39
□
Organ structure and function
□ Pregnancy, including fertilization, implantation, development of embryo, labor and delivery, the puerperium, lactation, gestational uterus, placenta
JumpStart Med Ed - Fundamentals of Medicine 501 - Course Syllabus
□
□
Preconception counseling and care □ Folate deficiency prevention □ Immunizations □ Nutritional assessment, including vitamins □ Rh screening
□
Prenatal risk assessment/prevention □ Adolescent pregnancy □ Antepartum fetal evaluation, including biophysical profile □ Genetic screening □ α-fetoprotein □ Diabetes mellitus □ Neural tube defects □ Rh isoimmunization
□
Supervision of normal pregnancy □ Assessment of gestational age □ Iron deficiency prevention □ Nutrition, including weight management □ Surveillance, including ultrasonography and assessment of fetal growth □ Vitamin deficiency prevention □ Infections, maternal, fetal, newborn (focus on prevention and screening): cytomegalovirus, coxsackievirus, hepatitis B virus, herpes simplex viruses, HIV, influenza virus, parvovirus B19 virus, rubella virus, varicella-zoster virus, Chlamydia trachomatis, Treponema pallidum, Streptococcus agalactiae, Toxoplasma gondii, amnionitis □ Asymptomatic urinary tract infection
□
Abortion, induced, septic, missed, spontaneous, threatened
□
Acute fatty liver of pregnancy
□
Anemia of pregnancy, sickle cell disease, thalassemia in pregnancy
□
Antepartum hemorrhage, including third-trimester bleeding
□
Cardiomyopathy of pregnancy
□
Cervical incompetence, cervical shortening
□
Cholestasis of pregnancy, intrahepatic
□
Congenital abnormalities, maternal (eg, bicornuate uterus)
□
Ectopic pregnancy
Prenatal care
□ Fetal abnormality affecting management of mother (eg, hydrocephalus, spina bifida)
□
Obstetric complications
□
Fetal growth restriction
□
Gestational diabetes
□
Maternal mortality
□
Multiple gestation
□ Placental abnormalities (abruptio placentae, placenta previa, premature separation of placenta) □
Polyhydramnios, oligohydramnios
□ Preeclampsia, eclampsia, HELLP syndrome, gestational hypertension
! 40
□
Prolonged pregnancy
□
Rh isoimmunization affecting management of mother
□
Vomiting in pregnancy (morning sickness, hyperemesis gravidarum)
□
Trauma in pregnancy
□
Infections complicating pregnancy
JumpStart Med Ed - Fundamentals of Medicine 501 - Course Syllabus
□
Labor and delivery
□
Labor and delivery, uncomplicated
□
Labor and delivery, complicated, including shoulder dystocia
□
Cesarean delivery, including complications
□
Cord compression, cord prolapse
□
Fetal malpresentations (eg, breech)
□
Intrapartum fetal evaluation, including fetal heart tones
□ Intrapartum prophylaxis (eg, HIV, Chlamydia, gonococcal prophylaxis) □
Premature rupture of membranes
□ Preterm (before 37 weeks' gestation) and postdates labor and delivery
□ Abnormal Processes: Health and Health Maintenance, Screening, Diagnosis, Management, Risks, Prognosis
□
□
! 41
Puerperium, including complications
Newborn (birth to 4 weeks of age)
□
Threatened preterm labor
□
Lactation problems
□
Breast-feeding problems
□
Lochia
□
Postpartum cardiomyopathy
□
Postpartum blues
□
Postpartum haemorrhage
□
Postpartum sepsis
□
Retained placenta, products of conception (eg, placenta accreta)
□
Uterine atony
□
Normal newborn □ Examination of liveborn at admission to hospital □ Screening, newborn
□
Disorders of the newborn □ Screening, newborn □ ABO incompatibility in newborn □ Hemolytic disease due to Rh incompatibility □ Birth asphyxia syndrome (liveborn neonate) □ Birth trauma (eg, cord compression, brachial palsy, lacerations) □ Drug withdrawal syndrome in newborn □ Feeding problems in newborn □ Fetal growth and development abnormalities, including fetal growth restriction □ Gastrointestinal obstruction □ Hypocalcemia of newborn □ Infections, congenital or peripartum (cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex viruses, HIV, hepatitis B, rubella virus, parvovirus B19 virus, varicella zoster virus, Chlamydia trachomatis, Streptococcus agalactiae, Treponema pallidum, Toxoplasma gondii) □ Intrapartum fetal distress/death including stillborn □ Jaundice, fetal/neonatal/perinatal □ Laryngomalacia □ Macrosomia (large for gestational age) □ Meconium aspiration syndrome □ Neonatal acne □ Neonatal Candida infection (thrush) □ Neonatal hypoglycaemia □ Neonatal conjunctivitis and dacryocystitis □ Ophthalmic gonorrhoea □ Phenylketonuria □ Premature infant □ Postterm infant □ Pseudomembranous colitis of infancy □ Respiratory distress syndrome (hyaline membrane disease) □ Respiratory problems after birth (eg, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, tracheomalacia; tracheoesophageal fistula in neonates) □ Retinitis of prematurity □ Seizures in newborn □ Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), apparent lifethreatening event (ALTE) □ Tetanus neonatorum
JumpStart Med Ed - Fundamentals of Medicine 501 - Course Syllabus
□
Congenital disorders, neonatal
□ Adverse effects of drugs on pregnancy, childbirth, and the puerperium
□ Systemic disorders affecting pregnancy, labor and delivery, and puerperium
□
Congenital malformations and anomalies
□
Neonatal hydrocele
□
Alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs (ATOD)
□
Prenatal radiation exposure
□
Teratology (eg, ACE inhibitors, SSRIs, warfarin, infections, toxins)
□
Appendicitis
□
Asthma
□
Carpal tunnel syndrome in pregnancy
□
Cirrhosis
□
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT)
□
Diabetes mellitus
□
Heart failure, valvular heart disease; hypertension
□
Myasthenia gravis
□
Obesity
□
Pancreatitis
□
Psychiatric disorders
□
Renal calculus/calculi
□
Renal failure/renal disease, including SLE
□
Seizure disorders
□
Thyroid disorders, hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism
□ Female Reproductive System & Breast
□
□
Embryonic development, fetal maturation, and perinatal changes, gametogenesis
Organ structure and function
□ Normal Processes
Female structure, including breast
□
Female function (eg, ovulation, menstrual cycle, puberty)
□
Intercourse, sexual response
□ Hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, sex steroids, and gestational hormones
□
Cell/tissue structure and function
□
Reproductive system defense mechanisms and normal flora
□
! 42
□
□
Infectious, immunologic, and inflammatory disorders □ Breast abscess □ Inflammatory disease of breast, fat necrosis □ Mastitis □ Nipple discharge
□
Neoplasms
□
Benign and undefined neoplasms □ Breast cyst, solitary □ Fibrocystic changes □ Fibroadenoma □ Hypertrophy of breast □ Intraductal papilloma
□
Malignant neoplasms (including screening) □ Breast cancer □ Intraductal carcinoma □ Paget disease of breast □ Phyllodes tumors
Breast
JumpStart Med Ed - Fundamentals of Medicine 501 - Course Syllabus
□
□
Infectious, immunologic, and inflammatory disorders □ Bacterial vaginosis □ Bartholin gland abscess □ Cellulitis, pelvic □ Candidiasis of the vulva or vagina □ Lichen sclerosus □ Sexually transmitted infections and exposure □ Cervicitis and endocervicitis □ Chancroid (Haemophilus ducreyi) □ Genital herpes □ Gonorrhea (Neisseria gonorrhoeae) □ Human papillomavirus infection, genital/venereal/anal warts, condylomata acuminate □ Lymphogranuloma venereum (Chlamydia trachomatis), nonlymphogranuloma venereum □ Pelvic inflammatory disease □ Fitz-Hugh–Curtis syndrome □ Salpingitis and oophoritis □ Syphilis (Treponema pallidum) □ Trichomoniasis (Trichomonas vaginalis) □ Urethritis □ Vaginitis □ Vulvovaginitis
□
Benign neoplasms and cysts □ Abnormal Pap smear □ Benign neoplasm of ovary □ Endocervical and endometrial polyps □ Leiomyomata uteri □ Ovarian cyst
□
malignant and precancerous neoplasms □ Cervical cancer □ HPV causing cancer □ Cervical dysplasia, HPV causing dysplasia □ Endometrial hyperplasia □ Endometrial/uterine cancer □ Gestational trophoblastic disease (hydatidiform mole) □ Ovarian cancer □ Vulvar dysplasia and cancer
□
Assisted reproductive techniques (ART)
Female reproductive system
□ Neoplasms of the cervix, ovary, uterus, vagina, and vulva
□ Contraception (eg, oral contraceptives, IUD, vaginal cap, cervical sponge, diaphragm, implant, morning-after pill, male and female condoms)
□
□ Abnormal Processes: Health and Health Maintenance, Screening, Diagnosis, Management, Risks, Prognosis
! 43
□
Fertility and infertility
Menopause
□
Female infertility
□
Gonadal dysgenesis 45,X (Turner syndrome)
□
Sterilization
□
Tubal factors
□
Infertility
□
Ovarian failure, premature menopause
□
Premenopausal menorrhagia
□
Postmenopausal atrophic vaginitis (vaginal atrophy)
□
Postmenopausal bleeding
□
Vasomotor symptoms
JumpStart Med Ed - Fundamentals of Medicine 501 - Course Syllabus
□
Abnormal uterine bleeding, including perimenopausal
□ Absence of menstruation (primary amenorrhea, secondary amenorrhea including undiagnosed pregnancy)
□
□
□
□
Menstrual and endocrine disorders
Sexual dysfunction
Traumatic and mechanical disorders
Congenital disorders
□ Adverse effects of drugs on the female reproductive system and breast
□
Anovulation
□
Dysmenorrhea
□
Endometriosis
□
Hirsutism, virilisation
□
Mittelschmerz
□
Pelvic pain
□
Polycystic ovarian syndrome
□
Postcoital bleeding
□
Premenstrual syndrome
□
Dyspareunia
□
Orgasmic dysfunction
□
Sexual desire/arousal syndrome
□
Vaginismus
□
Asherman syndrome
□
Chronic inversion of uterus
□
Chronic pelvic pain syndrome
□
Cystocele
□
Imperforate hymen
□ Injuries, wounds, and burns affecting the female reproductive system and injuries, wounds, burns, and blast injuries □
Ovarian torsion
□
Pelvic relaxation
□
Prolapse, vaginal walls, uterine, uterovaginal
□
Rectocele
□
Urethrocele
□
Müllerian agenesis
□
Uterus didelphys, bicornuate uterus
□
Short cervix
□
Antihistamines, H2-receptor blocker
□
Benzodiazepines
□
Beta-adrenergic blockers
□
Hormone replacement
□
Opioids
□
Spironolactone
□
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
□
Tricyclic antidepressants
□ Male Reproductive System
□
! 44
Embryonic development, fetal maturation, and neonatal changes, gametogenesis
JumpStart Med Ed - Fundamentals of Medicine 501 - Course Syllabus
□ Normal Processes
□
Organ structure and function
□
Structure, male genitalia and prostate
□
Function, male genitalia and prostate (eg, spermatogenesis, puberty)
□
Intercourse, orgasm, erection
□
Cell/tissue structure and function, including hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, sex steroids, and gestational hormones
□
Reproductive system defense mechanisms and normal flora
□
Infectious disorders □ Balanitis □ Epididymitis □ Orchitis □ Prostatitis □ Sexually transmitted infections and exposure □ Chancroid (Haemophilus ducreyi) □ Genital herpes □ Gonorrhea (Neisseria gonorrhoeae) □ Human papillomavirus infection, genital/venereal/anal warts, condylomata acuminate □ Lymphogranuloma venereum (Chlamydia trachomatis) □ Syphilis (Treponema pallidum) □ Trichomoniasis (Trichomonas vaginalis) □ Urethritis, chlamydial and nonchlamydial, nongonococcal
□
Immunologic and inflammatory disorders □ Autoimmune hypogonadism
□
Malignant neoplasms
□
Penile
□
Prostate
□
Testicular
□
Breast
□
Erectile dysfunction, impotence
□
Infertility, male factor
□
Male sexual dysfunction
□
Premature ejaculation
□
Benign prostatic hyperplasia/hypertrophy
□
Circumcision, including complications
□
Epididymal cyst
□
Hydrocele
□ Infectious, immunologic, and inflammatory disorders
□
Neoplasms
□ Metabolic and regulatory disorders, including sexual dysfunction
□ Abnormal Processes: Health and Health Maintenance, Screening, Diagnosis, Management, Risks, Prognosis
□ Injuries, wounds, and burns to male genitalia, including blast injuries
□
Traumatic and mechanical disorders
□ Congenital disorders of the male reproductive system
! 45
□
Penile laceration, penile fracture, Peyronie disease
□
Phimosis
□
Scrotal laceration
□
Spermatocele
□
Testicular rupture/avulsion/laceration
□
Torsion of testis
□
Urethral laceration/disruption
□
Varicocele
□
Hypospadias
□
Klinefelter syndrome
□
Undescended testicle
JumpStart Med Ed - Fundamentals of Medicine 501 - Course Syllabus
□
Alcohol
□
Androgens, testosterone
□ Antipsychotics, antidepressants including selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
□ Adverse effects of drugs on the male reproductive system
□
Betaadrenergic blockers
□
Diuretic including thiazides
□
Drug-induced priapism (eg, trazodone)
□
Finasteride, dutasteride
□
Sildenafil, tadalafil, vardenafil; marijuana
□
Nitric oxide reductase inhibitors
□ Endocrine System
□
□
Embryonic development, fetal maturation, and perinatal changes
Organ structure and function
□ Normal Processes
□ Cell/tissue/structure and function, including hormone synthesis, secretion, action, metabolism
□
□
Hypothalamus, posterior and anterior pituitary gland
□
Thyroid gland
□
Parathyroid gland
□
Adrenal cortex, adrenal medulla
□
Pancreatic islets
□
Ovary and testis
□
Adipose tissue
□
Peptide hormones
□
Steroid hormones, including vitamin D
□
Thyroid hormones
□
Catecholamine hormones
□
Renin-angiotensin system
Repair, regeneration, and changes associated with stage of life
□
Diabetes mellitus □ Diabetes mellitus, type 1 □ Diabetes mellitus, type 1.5 □ Diabetes mellitus, type 2 □ Diabetes mellitus, acute complications: hyperosmolar coma, hypoglycemic shock, ketoacidosis, including cerebral edema, associated electrolyte abnormalities □ Diabetes mellitus, chronic complications: gastrointestinal/ gastroparesis, neurologic/neuropathy, ophthalmologic/ retinopathy, peripheral vascular, renal/nephropathy, metabolic syndrome
□
Hypoglycemia and islet cell disorders □ Hypoglycemia (secondary to insulinoma, surreptitious insulin use, sepsis, liver failure) □ Hyperglycemia (secondary to glucagonoma) □ Hyperinsulinism □ Islet cell tumors/insulinoma/somatostatinoma □ Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors
□ Diabetes mellitus and other disorders of the endocrine pancreas
! 46
JumpStart Med Ed - Fundamentals of Medicine 501 - Course Syllabus
□
Thyroid disorders
□
Cyst, nodule
□
Euthyroid sick syndrome
□
Goiter (euthyroid-normal thyroid function with goiter)
□
Hypothyroidism
□
Hyperthyroidism, including thyrotoxicosis and thyroid storm
□
Thyroiditis, including Hashimoto
□
Graves disease
□ Neoplasms (benign cysts and nodules, thyroid cancer including papillary, follicular, medullary, and anaplastic)
□
Parathyroid disorders
□ Abnormal Processes: Health and Health Maintenance, Screening, Diagnosis, Management, Risks, Prognosis
□
Adrenal disorders
□
Thyroid deficiency from pituitary disorder
□
Infertility due to thyroid disease
□
Secondary hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism
□
Hyperparathyroidism
□
Hypoparathyroidism
□
Metabolic bone disease
□
Corticoadrenal insufficiency (Addison disease)
□
Adrenal insufficiency, secondary
□
Hypocortisolism
□
Cushing disease, Cushing syndrome
□
Hyperaldosteronism
□ Neoplasms, benign and malignant (adrenal neuroblastoma, pheochromocytoma, adrenal carcinoma, adrenal adenoma, aldosteronoma, adrenal incidentaloma)
□
Pituitary disorders
□
Delayed and precocious puberty
□
Hypertensive endocrine disease
□
Acromegaly/gigantism
□
Diabetes insipidus
□
Galactorrhea not associated with childbirth
□
Panhypopituitarism from any cause
□
Pituitary apoplexy (eg, Sheehan syndrome)
□
Growth hormone deficiency; short stature
□
SIADH (inappropriate secretion of ADH [vasopressin])
□ Neoplasm, benign and malignant (pituitary adenomas, craniopharyngioma, metastatic disease) □ Prolactinoma and hyperprolactinemia, including infertility due to these disorders
□
Hypothalamic endocrine disorders
□
Multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN1, MEN2)
□
! 47
Congenital disorders
□
Hypogonadism, primary and secondary
□
Disorders of sexual differentiation
□
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
□
Androgen insensitivity/resistance syndrome
□
Congenital hypothyroidism
JumpStart Med Ed - Fundamentals of Medicine 501 - Course Syllabus
□ Adverse effects of drugs on the endocrine system
□
Drug, medicinal, and biologic substance effects
□
Exogenous steroid suppression of adrenal glands, anabolic steroids
□ Multisystem Processes & Disorders □ Generation, expenditure, and storage of energy at the whole-body level □
Principles of nutrition
□
Electrolyte and water metabolism
□ Normal Processes
□
Functions of nutrients (eg, essential, trans-fatty acids, cholesterol)
□
Electrolyte metabolism (calcium, potassium, phosphorus)
□
Water metabolism
□ Intracellular accumulations (eg, pigments, fats, proteins, carbohydrates, minerals, inclusions, vacuoles, lysosomal/glycogen storage disease and structures related to storage diseases, glycogen phosphorylase deficiency, Zellweger syndrome)
□
Infectious disorders □ Bacterial: □ Brucellosis (Brucella spp) □ Leptospirosis (Leptospira interrogans) □ Lyme disease (Borrelia burgdorferi) □ Melioidosis (Burkholderia pseudomallei) □ Miliary (disseminated) tuberculosis (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) □ Tularemia (Francisella tularensis) □ Toxic shock syndrome □ Q fever (Coxiella burnetii) □ Anaplasmosis and ehrlichiosis (Anaplasma and Ehrlichia species) □ Rickettsiosis (Rocky Mountain spotted fever [Rickettsia rickettsii]) □ Viral □ Infectious mononucleosis (Epstein-Barr virus) □ Cytomegalovirus infection □ Yellow fever □ Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) □ Fungal □ Blastomycosis (Blastomyces dermatitidis) □ Candidiasis (Candida albicans) □ Coccidioidomycosis (Coccidioides immitis/posadasii) □ Histoplasmosis (Histoplasma capsulatum) □ Parasitic □ Schistosomiasis (Schistosoma) □ Leishmaniasis (Leishmania spp), visceral (kalaazar) □ Trypanosomiasis/Chagas disease, acute and chronic (Trypanosoma)
□
Immunologic and inflammatory disorders □ Acute rheumatic fever □ Autoimmune arteritis/vasculitis □ Behçet syndrome □ Churg-Strauss syndrome □ Eosinophilic granuloma, Histiocytosis, Langerhans cell histiocytosis □ Goodpasture syndrome □ Henoch-Schönlein purpura □ Kawasaki disease □ Mixed connective tissue disease □ Polyangiitis □ Polyarteritis nodosa □ Polyglandular autoimmune syndrome, type 1 □ Polymyalgia rheumatica, temporal arteritis □ Raynaud disease/Raynaud syndrome □ Reactive arthritis, formerly Reiter disease, including Reiter arthritis □ Scleroderma (systemic sclerosis) □ Sjögren syndrome □ Systemic lupus erythematosus □ Takayasu arteritis □ Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (formerly Wegener granulomatosis) □ Familial Mediterranean fever □ Sarcoidosis, Lofgren syndrome
□ Infectious, immunologic, and inflammatory disorders
! 48
JumpStart Med Ed - Fundamentals of Medicine 501 - Course Syllabus
□
□
Paraneoplastic syndromes □ Endocrine (eg, SIADH, Cushing syndrome, hypercalcemia of malignancy [parathyroid-related protein and paraneoplastic syndrome with hypercalcemia]) □ Hematologic (polycythemia, nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis) □ Neurologic (myasthenic syndrome, paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration, limbic encephalitis, pure sensory neuropathy) □ Mucocutaneous (eg, acanthosis nigricans) □ Musculoskeletal (eg, pulmonary osteoarthropathy, polymyositis) □ Other (membranous glomerulonephritis)
□
Inherited cancer syndromes □ DNA repair abnormalities (eg, Fanconi anemia) □ Lynch syndrome (gastrointestinal and female reproductive)
□
Arthralgias
□
Abdominal pain
□
Chest pain
□
Cough
Neoplasms and related disorders
□ Dizziness, light-headedness, syncope, including breath-holding spells with syncope
□
Signs, symptoms, and ill-defined disorders
□
Dyspnea, shortness of breath; edema, anasarca
□
Fatigue
□
Fever of unknown origin
□
Gulf War syndrome
□
Hemoptysis
□
Pain management (in a nonaddiction, nonpalliative-care setting)
□
Joint pain
□
Lymphedema
□
Palpitations
□
Pruritus
□
Unexpected weight gain/weight loss
□
Protein-calorie malnutrition (kwashiorkor, marasmus)
□
Vitamin deficiencies and/or toxicities □ Vitamin A □ Vitamin B □ Vitamin B1, thiamine (eg, Wernicke- Korsakoff syndrome, beriberi) □ Vitamin B3, niacin □ Vitamin B6, pyridoxine □ Vitamin B9, folic acid □ Vitamin B12, cobalamins (pernicious anemia) □ Vitamin C (scurvy) □ Vitamin D (rickets) □ Vitamin E □ Vitamin K
□
Mineral deficiencies and/or toxicities
□
Obesity
□
Enteral/parenteral nutrition (TPN)
□ Abnormal Processes: Health and Health Maintenance, Screening, Diagnosis, Management, Risks, Prognosis □
! 49
Nutrition
JumpStart Med Ed - Fundamentals of Medicine 501 - Course Syllabus
□
□
□
Physical and associated disorders □ Temperature (eg, hypothermia, hyperthermia, heat stroke) □ Radiation (eg, radon, uranium mining, imaging studies) □ Thermal injury, burns, electrocution, lightning □ Decreased atmospheric pressure, high-altitude sickness □ Increased water pressure (nitrogen narcosis)
□
Chemical including Gulf War illness/syndrome □ Gases, vapors, smoke inhalation □ Agricultural hazards (eg, pesticides, green tobacco poisoning, anhydrous ammonia, Agent Orange) □ Volatile organic solvents □ Heavy metals □ Other chemical agents (eg, ethylene glycol, carbon tetrachloride, methanol; BPA) □ Principles of poisoning and therapy (eg, acetylsalicylic acid [ASA], acetaminophen)
□
Hymenoptera bites and stings
□
Scorpion bites
□
Snake bites
□
Spider bites
□
Jellyfish sting
□
Fluid volume and electrolyte/ion disorders □ Fluid volume disorders □ Dehydration □ Hypovolemia □ Volume overload □ Electrolyte disorders □ Hyponatremia, hypernatremia □ Hypokalemia, hyperkalemia □ Hypocalcemia, hypercalcemia □ Hypophosphatemia, hyperphosphatemia □ Hypomagnesemia
□
Acid-base disorders □ Metabolic acidosis □ Metabolic alkalosis □ Respiratory acidosis □ Respiratory alkalosis □ Mixed acid-base disturbances
Toxins and environmental extremes
Venomous bites and stings
□ Fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance disorders
□ Child, nonaccidental trauma/inflicted head trauma/factitious disorder by proxy
□
□ Intimate partner abuse, sexual, emotional, and physical including injuries (eg, rib fractures) related to abuse Abuse
□ Elder abuse, sexual, emotional, and physical including injuries (eg, rib fractures) related to abuse □
□
Sexual assault
Multiple trauma (eg, prioritization, blast injury involving more than one organ system)
□ Shock, cardiogenic, hypovolemic, neurogenic, septic, sepsis, bacteremia, systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), refractory, multiorgan dysfunction syndrome: meningococcemia
! 50
JumpStart Med Ed - Fundamentals of Medicine 501 - Course Syllabus
□ Genetic metabolic and developmental disorders
□ Adverse effects of drugs on multisystem disorders
□
Multifactorial □ VATER syndrome, association syndromes
□
Large genomic changes □ Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome □ Down syndrome □ PraderWilli syndrome
□
Enzymatic/metabolic □ Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency □ Porphyria □ Inborn errors of metabolism (eg, maple syrup urine disease, diseases involving urea cycle) □ Storage diseases (eg, Fabry disease, Tay-Sachs disease, glycogen storage disease, mucopolysaccharidoses)
□
Structural protein disorders □ Amyloidosis □ Ehlers-Danlos syndrome □ Immotile cilia syndrome (Kartagener syndrome; primary ciliary dyskinesia) □ Marfan syndrome
□
Intracellular/extracellular transport receptors □ Cystic fibrosis □ Hemochromatosis □ Wilson disease
□
Triplet repeat/RNA disorders □ Fragile X syndrome
□ Drug-induced electrolyte abnormalities and acid base-disorders (eg, albuterol, prednisone, diuretics, alcohol)
□ Biostatistics, Epidemiology/Population Health, & Interpretation of the Medical Literature
□
Measures of disease frequency: incidence/prevalence
□
Rates, crude and adjusted
□ Reproductive rates (eg, maternal mortality, neonatal/infant/under-5 mortality)
□
Measures of health status
□
Mortality, morbidity
□
Standardization
□
Life expectancy, health-adjusted life expectancy
□ Population attributable risk (PAR), population attributable risk percent (PAR%) □
□
□ Epidemiology/population health
Survival analysis interpretation (eg, Kaplan-Meier curve)
□ Composite health status indicators, measures of population impact
□
□
Years of potential life lost
□
Quality-adjusted life years
□
Disability-adjusted life years
□
Standardized mortality ratio
Population pyramids and impact of demographic changes
□ Disease surveillance and outbreak investigation
! 51
Risk factors
□
Disease reporting
□
Response to public health advisory, health promotion
□
Recognition of clusters
JumpStart Med Ed - Fundamentals of Medicine 501 - Course Syllabus
□
□
□
□
□
Communicable disease transmission
Points of intervention
Analytical studies: observational
Analytical studies: interventional
Systematic reviews and meta-analysis
Obtaining and describing samples
□
Methods to handle noncomplianc
□
Qualitative analysis
□
Relative risk
□
Odds ratio, hazard ratio
□ Measures of association
! 52
□
Herd immunity
□
Reportable diseases
□
Primary, secondary
□
School policies
□
Access, healthy food, transportation, clean air, safe environments
Descriptive studies (case report [one person]/case series [more than one])
□
□
Attack rate
□ Community level (eg, cigarette taxes, soda taxes, smoke-free cities, buildings: restaurants, public buildings)
□ Study design, types and selection of studies (includes dependent/independent variables)
□
□
Other measures of association
□
Community surveys
□
Cross-sectional (individuals)
□
Ecological (populations)
□
Case control
□
Retrospective and prospective cohort
□
Clinical trial (randomized controlled trial
□
Double-blind
□
Placebo-controlled
□
Noninferiority/equivalence trials)
□
Community intervention
□
Potential uses
□
Estimation of effect sizes
□
Heterogeneity
□
Publication bias
□
Forest plots, funnel diagrams
□
Risk of bias, bias risk scale
□ Matching, inclusion/exclusion criteria, selecting appropriate controls for studies, lack of controls, concealed allocation, randomization, stratification
□
Loss to follow-up
□
Intention-to-treat analysis
□
Number needed to treat/harm
□
Absolute risk (AR), absolute risk percent (AR%)
□ Population attributable risk (PAR), population attributable risk percent (PAR%)
JumpStart Med Ed - Fundamentals of Medicine 501 - Course Syllabus
□ Distributions of data
□ Correlation and regression, uses and interpretation
□
Measures of central tendency
□
Measures of variability
□
Regression to mean
□
Normal distribution
□
Nominal measurement
□
Correlation coefficients
□
Multiple regression
□
□ Principles of testing and screening
Properties of a screening test
□
Validity, accuracy, reliability
□
Criteria for a screening test
□
Confirmatory testing
□
Appropriateness
□
Lead-time bias, length bias
□
Screening vs diagnostic tests
□
Sensitivity and specificity; predictive value, positive and negative
□
ROC curves
□
□
Probability
Causation
□
Theory (independence, product, addition rules)
□
Decision trees
□
Likelihood ratios (application of Bayes theorem)
□
Posttest, pretest
□
Hypothesis-generating vs hypothesis-driven testing
□ Causal criteria, temporality, temporal sequence, dose-response relationship □
Reverse causality
□ Null hypothesis, Type I error and alpha level (multiple comparisons, random error/chance)
□
□ Study interpretation, drawing conclusions from data
□
□
Sample size and Type II error, beta, power
□
Selection and interpretation of basic tests of statistical significance □ Chi-square □ Confidence intervals □ p-values □ t-test
□
a priori vs. post hoc analysis □ Subgroup analysis □ Error rate □ Affect types
□
Selection, sampling bias
□
Information bias □ Recall □ Ascertainment, ecologic fallacy, lack of blinding □ Loss to follow up
Chance
Interpretation of graphs/tables and text
□ Bias, confounding, and threats to validity (includes methods to address)
□ Confounding variables, Hawthorne effect (includes methods to address)
□
! 53
Internal vs. external validity
□
Other threats to validity (eg, placebo effect)
□
Generalizability (external validity)
□
Efficacy vs effectiveness
JumpStart Med Ed - Fundamentals of Medicine 501 - Course Syllabus
□ Clinical decision making, interpretation and use of evidence-based data and recommendations
□
Statistical vs. clinical significance; clinical and surrogate outcome/end point
□
Application of study results to patient care and practice, including patient preferences and individualization of risk profiles
□
Risk/benefit analysis
□
Synthesis of concepts with real data
□
Informed consent for research
□
Privacy of patient data (HIPAA)
□
Roles of institutional review boards (IRBs)
□
Intervention analysis
□ Research ethics
□
□
Regulatory issues
□
Interim analysis
□
Stopping analysis
□
Safety monitoring
□
Drug development, phases of approval
□
Appropriateness of placebo
□
Appropriateness of randomized clinical trial
□
Components of studies
□
Ethics
□
Scheduling
□
Off-label use
□
Fostering the relationship (eg, expressing interest)
□
Information gathering (eg, exploring patient's reaction to illness)
Other issues related to research ethics
□ Social Sciences
□ Communication and interpersonal skills, including health literacy and numeracy, cultural competence
□ Patient interviewing, consultation, and interactions with the family (patientcentered communication skills)
□
□ Medical ethics and jurisprudence, include issues related to death and dying and palliative care
□ Information provision (eg, providing information about working diagnosis) □
Making decisions (eg, eliciting patient's perspectives)
□
Supporting emotions (eg, effective discussion with difficult patients)
□
Enabling patient behaviors (eg, education and counseling)
Use of an interpreter
□ Consent/informed consent to treatment, permission to treat (full disclosure, risks and benefits, placebos, alternative therapies, conflict of interest, and vulnerable populations) □
Determination of medical decision-making capacity/informed refusal
□
Involuntary admission
□ □ Legal issues related to abuse (child, elder, and intimate partner)
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Child protective services, foster care, immunizations
□ Legal requirements for reporting abuse or neglect/obligation to warn
Birth-related issues
JumpStart Med Ed - Fundamentals of Medicine 501 - Course Syllabus
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Death and dying and palliative care
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Life support
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Advance directive, health care proxy, advance care planning
□
Euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide
□
Brain death/diagnosing brain death/diagnosing death
□
Pronouncing death
□
Organ donation
□
Hospice
□
Pain management, including ethical
□ Issues related to death and dying information sharing, counseling families □
Psychosocial and spiritual counseling, fear and loneliness
□ Physician-patient relationship (boundaries, confidentiality including HIPAA, privacy, truthtelling, other principles of medical ethics, eg, autonomy, justice, beneficence) □
Impaired physician, including duty to report impaired physician
□
Negligence/malpractice, including duty to report negligence and malpractice
□
Physician misconduct, including duty to report physician misconduct
□
Referrals
□
Cultural issues not otherwise coded
□ Characteristics of a complex system and factors leading to complexity □ How complexity leads to error
□
□
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□
Health care/organizational behavior and culture □ Environmental factors, workplace design and process □ Staffing □ Overcommitment, space, people, time, scheduling □ Standardization, reducing variance, simplification, metrics □ Safety culture □ Integration of care across settings □ Overutilization of resources (imaging studies, antibiotics, opioids) □ Economic factors
□
Improvement science principles Variation and standardization □ Variation in process, practice; checklists, guidelines, and clinical pathways □ Reliability
□
Specific models of quality improvement □ Model for improvement: plan-do-study-act (PDSA), plan-docheck-act (PDCA)
□
Quality measurement □ Structure, process, outcome, and balancing measures □ Measurement tools: run and control charts □ Development and application of system and individual quality measures: core measures; physician quality report system (PQRS); event reporting system
□
Strategies to improve quality □ Role of leadership Principles of change management in quality improvement: specific strategies
□
Attributes of high-quality health care □ High-value/cost-conscious care: overutilization of resources, including diagnostic testing, medications □ Equitable care: access □ Patient-centered care □ Timely care
Complexity/systems thinking
Quality improvement
JumpStart Med Ed - Fundamentals of Medicine 501 - Course Syllabus
□ Systems-based practice (including health systems, public health, community, schools) and patient safety (including basic concepts and terminology)
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□
Patient safety principles □ Epidemiology of medical error □ Error categorization/definition: active vs latent errors; Swiss cheese model of error; preventable vs non-preventable; near miss events/safety hazards □ Causes of error □ Patient factors: understanding of medication use; health literacy; economic status; cultural factors (eg, religion); failure to make appointments; socioeconomic status □ Physician factors: deficiency of knowledge; judgment errors; diagnostic errors; fatigue, sleep deprivation; bias – cognitive, availability, heuristic, anchoring, framing □ Human factors (eg, cognitive, physical, environmental) □ High reliability of organization (HRO) principles: change management and improvement science; conceptual models of improvement □ Reporting and monitoring for errors: event reporting systems □ Communication with patients after adverse events (disclosure/transparency)
□
Specific types of error □ Transitions of care errors (eg, handoff communication including shift-to-shift, transfer, and discharge): handoffs and related communication; discontinuities; gaps; discharge; transfers □ Medication errors □ Ordering, transcribing, dispensing, administration (wrong quantity, wrong route, wrong drug) □ Medication reconciliation □ Mathematical error □ Procedural errors □ Universal protocol (time out); wrong patient; wrong site; wrong procedure □ Retained foreign bodies □ Injury to structures: paracentesis; bowel perforation; thoracentesis; pneumothorax; central venous/arterial line injuries; arterial puncture and bleeding and venous thrombosis; lumbar puncture bleeding; paralysis □ Other errors: anesthesia-related errors; mathematical errors □ Health care-associated infections: nosocomial infection – eg, surgical site, ventilator associated, catheter-related; handwashing procedures or inadequate number of handwashing stations; central line-associated blood stream infections; surgical site infections; catheter-associated urinary tract infections; ventilator-associated pneumonia □ Documentation errors: electronic medical record (including voice-recognition software errors); record keeping; incorrect documentation (eg, wrong patient, wrong date, copying and pasting, pre-labeling) □ Patient identification errors □ Mislabeling: transfusion errors related to mislabeling □ Verification/two identifiers: lack of dual validation, including verbal verification of lab results □ Diagnostic errors: errors in diagnostic studies; misinterpretation □ Monitoring errors Cardiac monitoring/telemetry Drug monitoring (warfarin, antibiotics) □ Device-related errors malfunction programming error incorrect use
□
Strategies to reduce error □ Human factors engineering □ Situational awareness □ Hierarchy of effective interventions: forcing function; visual cues □ Error analysis tools: error/near miss analysis; failure modes and effect analysis; morbidity and mortality review; root cause analysis □ Safety behavior and culture at the individual level: hierarchy of health care, flattening hierarchy, speak up to power; afraid to report, fear; psychological safety; closed-loop communication □ Teamwork: principles of highly effective teams; case management; physician teams, physician-physician communication; interprofessional/intraprofessional teams; strategies for communication among teams, including system-provider communication, physician-physician communication (eg, consultations), interprofessional communication, provider-patient communication
Patient Safety
JumpStart Med Ed - Fundamentals of Medicine 501 - Course Syllabus
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Health care policy and economics
□
Health care policy □ Health care disparities: race/ethnicity; numeracy/literacy; socioeconomic status □ Access to care: critical access systems or hospitals □ Social justice
□
Health care economics/Health care financing □ Types of insurance: Medicare, Medicaid, private insurance, self-pay □ Navigating the insurance system: deductibles/co-pays; in-/ out-of-network; preferred providers □ Reimbursement issues affecting safety and quality: emergency services – EMTALA; pay-for-performance
JumpStart Med Ed - Fundamentals of Medicine 501 - Course Syllabus