CHAPTER TITLE Bartlett Design Research Folios
Miàs Architects The Cloud
A
MIÀS ARCHITECTS
THE CLOUD
B
BARTLETT DESIGN RESEARCH FOLIOS
Miàs Architects The Cloud: Andorra Telecom Headquarters
MIAS ARCHITECTS
THE CLOUD
2
CHAPTER TITLE
3
CONTENTS
Project Details
1 (previous) The Cloud frees up public space in the centre of Andorra la Vella. 2 View over the city.
5
6
Statement about the Research Content and Process
10
Introduction
14
Aims and Objectives
24
Questions
24
Context
38
Methodology
46
Dissemination
70
Project Highlights
70
Bibliography
75
Related Publications
76
MIÀS ARCHITECTS
THE CLOUD
Project Details Author
Josep Miàs
Title
The Cloud: Andorra Telecom Headquarters
Output Type
Building
Function Multifunctional (Andorra’s central telecom fibre-cables storage, offices, a museum, an auditorium, restaurants, bars, shops and public space) Location
Andorra la Vella
Client
Andorra Telecom
Commission
Winner of an open international architectural competition
Dates
Design and research (2014 to 2019) Building of prototypes (2018 to 2019) Construction onsite (2019 to 2022)
Budget
€34,000,000
Area
15,000 m2
Architects
Josep Miàs, Gerard Arias, Mario Blanco
Structural Engineers
Anabel Lázaro, Agustí Obiols (BAC Engineering)
Services Engineers
Josep Juliol, Jordi Llobet (PGI Engineering)
Installation Engineers
Alex Ciurana, Ivan Rossell (PGI Engineering)
Façade Consultant
Xavi Ferres (Ferres Consultants)
Lead Façade Project Engineer
Javier Garcia
6
PROJECT DETAILS
Project and Construction Management
Josep Domènech (Eddom)
Research Partner
Quim Moya (Polytechnic University of Catalonia)
Practice Team
Gerard Arias, Carla Bach, Òscar Berbel, Mario Blanco, Marta Cases, Bernardo García, Cristina Herrero, Adriana Porta, Aina Tapias, Laura Solsona, Marc Subirana, Laura Vidal, Maria Zilliani
3
3 Preliminary visualisation.
7
MIÀS ARCHITECTS
THE CLOUD
4
8
PROJECT DETAILS
5
4–5 Competition preliminary models.
9
MIÀS ARCHITECTS
THE CLOUD
Statement about the Research Content and Process Description
Methodology
The Cloud is the new headquarters of Andorra Telecom designed by Miàs Architects in Andorra la Vella. Miàs employed innovative design and construction methods to create a transparent suspended structure, which works in tandem with the building’s immediate urban context while respecting the city’s natural setting. Sustainability in the operation of the building and the harvesting and self-regulation of energy are key to Miàs’s design, which includes inventive climate control and media systems within the building’s envelope.
1. Determine innovative design strategies based on extensive historical and practical research relating to lightweight structure systems, tensegrities and suspended structures; 2. Digital design and iterative model making to optimise and research the structural system; 3. Develop specific computer software to research the double-curved glass façade; 4. Develop and integrate a highly sustainable energy system for the building and its programme.
Questions
1. How can an architectonic landmark be created that respects and enhances both urban and natural environments?
Dissemination
The Cloud has been widely discussed in both print and online, in national (Diari d’Andorra) and international publications (ArchDaily), including articles relating to the solo exhibition at the Centre Pompidou in Paris. The project has been presented in two further exhibitions in Andorra and ten international lectures, including at SCI-Arc in Los Angeles and the Institute for Advanced Architecture of Catalonia in Barcelona.
2. What structural systems are required to create a self-suspended building? 3. What technological innovations can be developed to allow for a highly sustainable building? 4. How can the building’s use be maximised for both the client and the wider public, and help revitalise the city centre?
10
STATEMENT ABOUT THE RESEARCH CONTENT AND PROCESS
Project Highlights
The Cloud is the winning scheme of the open international architectural competition for the design of Andorra Telecom’s headquarters, organised in 2014 by the company and Govern d’Andorra. Andorra Telecom is a company of national importance as it exclusively provides universal public telecommunication services to Andorra. This project’s research significance lies in the sustained efforts of Miàs and his collaborators, who during a six-year period developed structural and environmental innovations for materialising a nearly zeroenergy building, set to be an important technological landmark in Andorra. Specifically, Miàs’ research into structural models led to an inventive architecture that frees up public space on a narrow city centre plot by suspending the majority of the building above ground. The organic rounded shape of the building is based on innovative façade engineering, where a double-curved glass façade acts as a climatic cushion, enhancing the building’s energy supply and distribution, and is also a communication screen for the city. Five models of The Cloud are now part of the Permanent Collection of the Centre Pompidou in Paris.
6 (overleaf) Visualisation of The Cloud’s atrium.
11
MIÀS ARCHITECTS
THE CLOUD
Introduction
physical models. The façade on the lower floors is shaped around the adjacent buildings and opens to the sky on the upper floors. The form of the building and its multifunctional transparent glass façade reduces its visual impact on the city and the surrounding landscape. Furthermore, the building hosts a harmonic network of communication and infrastructure systems based on the latest sustainable technology. The rounded ring façade integrates LED screens and solar collection systems, and is intended to be a technological reference for contemporary communication.
The Cloud is a new building designed by Miàs Architects for Andorra Telecom. The building primarily functions as the company’s headquarters – it hosts the fibre optic cables that provide connectivity to Andorra – and it also provides all of its internal functions, alongside office space for external companies and start-ups; commercial premises; technological, information and communication (TIC) spaces; a museum; an auditorium; a flagship store; bars; restaurants and public space. Due to its inventive structural design, the majority of the site is free for public use. This represents one of the most important aims of the building: to be generous to Andorra la Vella’s citizens. Andorra is the sixth-smallest nation in Europe, bordered by France to the north and Spain to the south, with an area of 468 km2 and a population of approximately 77,000 at the time of writing. The Cloud is a sophisticated building that represents Andorra’s ambitions for economic change and innovation. Located on a narrow plot in the centre of the scenic capital city, it stands at 65 m, with a width of 30 m at its widest, while the surrounding buildings are on average 15 m high. The Cloud reimagines the city centre, offering gastronomic, social, commercial and economic facilities, as well as new public space. Below street level, restaurants and bars can be found in addition to cultural spaces for public use. Meanwhile, a planted atrium organises the internal functions of the building. The Cloud is a singular building comprised of a central steel structure which incorporates its mechanics and a main volume, which is organic in shape and appears as if it is floating above the ground. The final volume was achieved using 3D and
14
INTRODUCTION
7
7 Andorra la Vella is situated in a valley in the centre of the Pyrenees mountain range.
15
MIÀS ARCHITECTS
THE CLOUD
8
8 The demolition process of the existing buildings.
16
INTRODUCTION
9
9 The Cloud is embedded into the narrow streets of Andorra la Vella.
17
MIÀS ARCHITECTS
THE CLOUD
10
10–1 The Cloud’s required programme.
18
INTRODUCTION
11
19
MIÀS ARCHITECTS
THE CLOUD
12
20
INTRODUCTION
13
12 The main architectural strategies.
13 Preliminary conceptual model of the overall programme.
21
MIÀS ARCHITECTS
THE CLOUD
14
14 Case-study wire model.
22
INTRODUCTION
15
15 Model testing The Cloud’s integration into the city’s urban fabric.
23
MIÀS ARCHITECTS
THE CLOUD
Aims and Objectives
Questions
1. Build an innovative skyscraper that is a significant landmark and new public amenity for Andorra;
1. How can an architectonic landmark be created that respects and enhances both urban and natural environments?
2. Create a bold design at the heart of a city surrounded by mountains which can offer a renewed appreciation of the landscape;
Early research focused on how a project of this size and national significance can support and enhance the urban identity of Andorra la Vella; the highest capital city in Europe at an elevation of 1,023 m above sea level. The Cloud responds to the context of the eastern Pyrenees by creating views towards the mountains. The design proposed a building that enhances the spatial constraints of the plot while reinforcing the skyline of the city. The plot and the programme required by the client implied a high-rise building. One of the main decisions was to build a recognisable organic shape that could fit the site – about 30 m at its widest point – and create a connection between existing tall landmarks. Urban planning regulations resulted in the building having an ovoid profile. Rather than abruptly confronting its surroundings, a gossamer-like glass wall gently curves around its perimeter, defining a soft volume that reflects the surrounding landscape.
3. Incorporate an existing building containing fibre-optic cables that provide connectivity for Andorra; 4. Design a fast-assembly construction process with minimal impact on the city and its residents; 5. Design a multifunctional building that communicates the technologies it promotes; 6. Achieve Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) Platinum Certification – an internationally recognised green building programme – by introducing new technologies for climate control and power supply.
16 Visualisation of The Cloud at night.
24
MIÀS ARCHITECTS
THE CLOUD
2. What structural systems are required to create a self-suspended building?
BAC Engineering researched and developed a specific software programme to calculate the structure. The building is supported by two central pillars that act as the main stabilisers from where the suspended volume and façades are sustained. This structural solution allows for the ground level to be freed up to offer new public space. Since the building is suspended, it mostly works in traction, which allows for the steel structure to be designed with a minimum weight and number of parts.
17 Preliminary model testing volumetric relations. 18 Case-study card models.
26
QUESTIONS
17
18
27
MIÀS ARCHITECTS
THE CLOUD
3. What technological innovations can be developed to allow for a highly sustainable building?
The LEED programme implies a methodology using recyclable and ecological construction systems, transport and materials, as much as possible, in order to reduce building waste and optimise construction methods.
Systems were developed and implemented that would help the building qualify as ‘nearly zero-energy’ and LEED Platinum Certification. While some of the systems already existed, others required extensive testing to work out the final design. Many of these systems are embedded into the ring façade, which works as a technical space that feeds the whole building. The perimeter round façade is partially made from photovoltaic panels that generate electrical energy and power the media screens facing the plaza. The panels follow the geometry given by the ETFE cushions. Geothermal energy provides an additional source for the cooling system. The temperature exchange is carried out in the underground floor plans and is distributed through the building’s technical ring. Rainwater is also collected in the perimeter façade and is reused for domestic purposes. One of the main features of the building is the organic rounded shape, which is constructed using an innovative doublecurved glass façade that acts as a climatic cushion for enhanced efficiency and comfort while reducing the use of interior productive systems such as cooling and heating. The façade has a 1 m depth, which protects the interior space by isolating it from exterior conditions in both summer and winter. Smart motorised openings on the façade enhance the circulation of fresh air on hot days and accumulate warm air to circulate on cooler days. This system is aided by enthalpy recovery which accumulates and reuses the heat of the building. Further to this, the central courtyard generates a sort of microclimate.
28
QUESTIONS
19
20
19 Passive cooling heating systems. 20 Fire water protection system.
29
MIÀS ARCHITECTS
THE CLOUD
21
22
21 Electricity ring. 22 Delivery and return flow per floor.
30
QUESTIONS
23
24
23 Media ring. 24 Climate control and groundwater collection.
31
MIÀS ARCHITECTS
THE CLOUD
25
26
25 Rainwater collection. 26 Delivery flow.
32
QUESTIONS
27
28
27 Solar radiation façade. 28 Waste water.
33
MIÀS ARCHITECTS
THE CLOUD
29
29 Atrium ventilation.
34
QUESTIONS
30
30 Climate control atrium.
35
MIÀS ARCHITECTS
THE CLOUD
4. How can the building’s use be maximised for both the client and the wider public, and help revitalise the city centre?
The Cloud is a response to Andorra Telecom’s competition brief, providing designated space for the company’s headquarters, a flagship store and a showroom for technological innovation. Moreover, it aims to offer space and activities for the wider public. By introducing dedicated cultural and commercial areas in the building complex, The Cloud provides both an economic return for the client and a social and cultural benefit for the city. Merging architecture with information technologies, the building hosts a digital subsystem on its façade – a media wall of LED screens with moving images that circumnavigate the round structure – powered by its own photovoltaic system. These screens offer updated information on the building’s programme, the weather forecast, news and more.
31 The building becomes a performative architecture with its media screen.
36
QUESTIONS
37
MIÀS ARCHITECTS
THE CLOUD
Context
architectural group formed in the 1960s that was neo-futuristic, anti-heroic and pro-consumerist, drawing inspiration from technology in order to create a new reality. Exploring high-tech architecture, Archigram produced intricate and outlandish drawings of orbiting robots and transportable designs that would enhance contemporary and future cities. Through the use of advanced structural design, sustainable services and media projections, The Cloud aims to be a twenty-first-century ‘machine for the city’.
The Cloud advances design concepts and technologies researched for the iGuzzini building in Barcelona, a central pillarsuspended structure designed by Miàs Architects in 2011. iGuzzini’s offices are hung from the structural core, which frees up the ground floor space and places the entire building in traction. Storage, mechanical and assembly rooms are in an underground concrete volume, above which stands the slightly distorted, suspended main sphere, which has an uncertain dynamic equilibrium. Miàs’ design investigation for The Cloud draws upon the ‘spatial structures’ of Robert Le Ricolais who incorporated ideas on mathematics, physics, engineering and zoology to design 3D-network structures for the future, and as early as 1940 introduced the concept of ‘space frames’. Le Ricolais aimed to create extremely light structures covering large areas. This subsequently led to him understanding architecture in a revolutionary way. The structures of Le Ricolais influenced the futuristic, nature-inspired work of Jan Kaplický, who combined futuristic design with technical and structural components. Among his drawings were structures built by robots that orbited the Earth; weekend houses resembling survival capsules that could be transported by helicopter; and home interiors that could be manipulated. In 1979, Kaplický set up the architectural think tank, Future Systems, with David Nixon. Kaplický and Nixon developed an architectural style that combined organic form with high-tech futurism. The Cloud’s design is also rooted in research on Archigram, and their way of understanding architecture by merging it with machines to improve and empower society. Archigram was an avant-garde
32
32 Archigram, The Walking City, Living Pod and the Instant City, c.1970.
38
CONTEXT
33
33 The building’s works depicted as a contemporary ‘machine’.
39
MIÀS ARCHITECTS
THE CLOUD
34
34 Long section.
40
CONTEXT
35
35 Cross section.
41
MIÀS ARCHITECTS
THE CLOUD
36
36–8 (overleaf) Case study wire models.
42
CONTEXT
37
43
MIÀS ARCHITECTS
THE CLOUD
Methodology 1. Determine innovative design strategies, based on extensive historical and practical research relating to lightweight structure systems, tensegrities and suspended structures
The development of a suspended structure follows research on structural designs such as Le Ricolais’s proposals, adapted for spatial limitations using technological innovations. Miàs’s design establishes the headquarters of Andorra Telecom on a small city centre plot, keeping an existing 15 × 15 m cube-like facilities building composed of four floor plans at its core. More than 30 physical models were created to test different structural possibilities for the building, so that it could be suspended above ground level with the existing building underneath. These models included wireframe tests, where 2D drawings are translated into 3D spatial structures; and models made from wood in order to study the variable dimensions of the elements. All models were subsequently introduced into computer software.
39 Case study wire model. 40 Main structural elements.
46
METHODOLOGY
39
40
47
MIÀS ARCHITECTS
THE CLOUD
41
41–2 Wire model tests.
48
METHODOLOGY
42
49
MIÀS ARCHITECTS
THE CLOUD
43
43 Wire model.
50
METHODOLOGY
44
44 Detail of the façade nodes.
51
MIÀS ARCHITECTS
THE CLOUD
45
45–6 Structural model for the volumes embedded in the main structure.
52
METHODOLOGY
46
53
MIÀS ARCHITECTS
THE CLOUD
47
47–8 Details of models.
54
49–50 (overleaf) 3D studies of the final structural wire scheme.
METHODOLOGY
48
55
MIÀS ARCHITECTS
THE CLOUD
49
50
56
METHODOLOGY
2. Digital design and iterative model making to optimise and research the structural system
The Cloud’s suspended structure works largely by traction. An industrialised system was used to ensure that the beams were constructed in a fast and efficient way. Composed of a rigid grid for both longitudinal façades, the weight of the structure is brought down to the ground through two central pillars, where the elevators and stairs are also located. The double layer longitudinal façades are further stabilised by a ring façade. Ultimately, the vertical structure fixes the circular form, while the horizontal structure creates the counterweight holding the building together. Tension, traction and pressure all work together to selfsupport the rounded structure. In order to calculate the structural system for the building, specific software was created which tests and modulates force diagrams. Challenging wind and earthquake factors were taken into consideration, which created a complex structural system, but despite the physical forces affecting the building, the section of the steel elements was kept as slender as possible. Construction is planned to follow several precise stages: the steel system is built in equalised balance; construction starts from the lower floor plans guided by the two main pillars; a bridge-like construction scheme is followed whereby the structure meets in the centre of the volume; finally, a temporary structural support holds the cantilevered edges until the construction is in balance.
51–2 Structural 3D schemes.
51
52
53
53–5 Beam nodes diagnosis.
57
MIÀS ARCHITECTS
THE CLOUD
54
55
56 Overall structural diagnosis.
58
METHODOLOGY
56
59
MIÀS ARCHITECTS
THE CLOUD
57
57 Structural schemes.
60
METHODOLOGY
58
58 Overall structural diagnosis.
61
MIÀS ARCHITECTS
THE CLOUD
3. Develop specific computer software to research the double-curved glass façade
Two façades, each with a double cloak of glass, embrace the building and make it a highly efficient climate control system. The self-supporting façades are connected to a central steel structure, which allows the building to appear as if it is floating above the ground. Miàs used parametric software to calculate the lowest number of different glass sizes in order to achieve a smooth doublecurved façade. In partnership with the Polytechnic University of Catalonia, they developed a programme capable of evaluating different surfaces, which allowed for an accurate study that could be easily translated for the manufacturing companies. The design features 6-m-long double-curved glass panels which cover the entire façade of the building. A prototype of the façade was developed with Bellapart and its behaviour was tested in different atmospheric and meteorological conditions, including light and thermal variables. Different parameters, as well as nodes and junctions, were studied and developed in order to achieve the final curved shape. The research emphasises the fact that the façade is the main structure for the building which allows for free space in the interior.
59
60
59 Façade nodes. 60 Façade details.
62
METHODOLOGY
61
61 Façade structure.
62–3 (overleaf) Façade mock-up.
63
MIÀS ARCHITECTS
THE CLOUD
62
64
METHODOLOGY
63
65
MIÀS ARCHITECTS
THE CLOUD
64
66
METHODOLOGY
65
64–5 Façade mock-up.
67
MIÀS ARCHITECTS
THE CLOUD
4. Develop and integrate a highly sustainable energy system for the building and its programme
The Cloud is a self-sustainable building that can be understood as an ‘energyefficient machine’. Enthalpy recovery ventilation is used to accumulate and reuse the heat from the building, with thermal control based upon the required energy consumption. The double layer ring façade incorporates the heat recovery system and most of the building services. An advanced climate control system regulates the thermal air cushion between the internal and external glass, generating the autoregulated heating and cooling system. Photovoltaic cells on the façade capture solar energy, which is then transformed and distributed; the eastern and western exposure of the building allows for maximum solar energy to be harvested. Saved energy is then used for the projection of images onto the façade. A smart system regulates the distribution of hot and cold air towards the interior of the building. Motorised gates control and adapt the air supply, quality, pressure and ventilation. The central atrium adds a final element to the cross ventilation and air renewal programme, creating a sort of microclimate. The irrigation water is drained through the central axis of the building so it can be reintroduced, after watering the plants. Subsoil energy and hot water is also distributed throughout the building, while lighting is provided by energy-saving bulbs and motion detectors. The control centre in the central support axis gives optimised access to the different systems.
66
66–7 All of the facilities in the building were introduced into BIM software in order to study the different systems.
68
METHODOLOGY
67
69
MIÀS ARCHITECTS
THE CLOUD
Dissemination
Project Highlights
The Cloud has featured in 15 articles, including in a book about the competition by Andorra Telecom and the national newspaper Diari d’Andorra. It has also been the subject of two exhibitions in Andorra and ten international lectures.
The Cloud is the winning scheme of the open international architectural competition for the design of the Andorra Telecom headquarters, organised in 2014 by Andorra Telecom and the government of Andorra. Andorra Telecom is a company of national importance as it exclusively provides universal public telecommunication services to the Principality of Andorra. Its significance lies in the sustained efforts of Miàs and his collaborators, who have developed structural and environmental innovations for materialising a nearly zero-energy building, set to be an important technological landmark in Andorra. Miàs’ research into structural models led into an inventive architecture that frees up public space on a narrow city centre plot by suspending the majority of the building above ground. The organic rounded shape is based on innovative façade engineering, with a double-curved glass façade acting as both a climatic cushion, enhancing the building’s energy supply and distribution, and a public screen of communications. The Cloud’s façades are what mostly underline its architectonic significance. Apart from enclosing the programme as two big rounded wings and a perimeter technical ring of ETFE and photovoltaic panels, the two wing façades act as structural and technological devices. A spatial mesh is embedded in the façades to provide structure and is suspended by the two central pillars. The façades are the main structural element that holds the different floor plans in place and are also one of the main technological devices acting as a system of climate control. Five models of The Cloud are now part of the Permanent Collection of the Centre Pompidou in Paris.
Exhibitions and Collections
·
· ·
MiAS Studio at Centre Pompidou, exhibition and permanent collection, Centre Pompidou, Paris (2020) Arquitectura amb segell propi, Govern d’Andorra (2015) Nova seu The Cloud, Andorra Telecom (2015)
Lectures
· · · · · · · · · ·
Soprema Webinar, Barcelona (2020) The Bartlett, UCL (2020) Hotel Catalonia, Barcelona (2019) Colegio Territorial de Arquitectos de Valencia (2018) Institute for Advanced Architecture of Catalonia, Barcelona (2018) SCI-Arc, Los Angeles (2016) Workplace Strategy & Facility Management, Barcelona (2016) Government of Andorra (2015) New York Institute of Technology (2015) University of Belgrade (2015)
68–9 Onsite projections advertising the forthcoming building.
70
DISSEMINATION / PROJECT HIGHLIGHTS
68
69
71
MIÀS ARCHITECTS
THE CLOUD
70
70–1 Onsite photography during demolition and the start of construction.
72
MIÀS ARCHITECTS
THE CLOUD
72
73
72–3 Façade mock-ups.
74
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Bibliography Cook, P. (1999). Archigram. New York: Princeton Architectural Press. Margolius, I. and Rogers, R. (2015). Jan Kaplický Drawings. London: Circa Press. McCleary, P. (1997). Robert Le Ricolais: Visiones y Paradojas. Madrid: Fundación Arquitectura COAM. Miàs, J. (2012). iGuzzini Barcelona Corporate Building. New York and Barcelona: Actar Publishers. Vrachliotis, G. (2017). Frei Otto: Thinking by Modeling. Leipzig: Spector Books.
75
MIÀS ARCHITECTS
THE CLOUD
Related Writings by Others Andorra Telecom (2018). A+ Arquitectura Plus, Despachos Líderes de Arquitectura. Andorra Telecom. Ara Andorra (2017). ‘Com Serà la Façana de The Cloud?’. Ara Andorra. 22 November. ArchDaily (2020). ‘MiAS Studio at the Permanent Collection of Centre Pompidou’. ArchDaily. October 22. Bagudanch, S. (2018). ‘Les Obres de The Cloud, al Setembre’. Diari d’Andorra. 13 July. Bon Dia (2017). ‘Andorra Telecom Preveu una Inversió de 133 Milions en els Propers 4 Anys’. Bon Dia. 13 November. Carmona, A. (2020). ‘RCR i Josep Miàs, Protagonistes a París’. Diari de Girona. 10 October. COAC (2020). ‘El Centro Pompidou de París Expone Maquetas y Dibujos de RCR Arquitectes y MiÀS Arquitectes’. COAC: CULTURA. 13 October. Diari d’Andorra (2016). ‘Comencen les Obres de “The Cloud”’. Diari d’Andorra. 26 March. Diari d’Andorra (2016). ‘The Cloud, el Futur’. Diari d’Andorra. 6 September. Europa Press (2020). ‘La Generalitat Destaca el Ingreso de Obras de RCR y MiAS Arquitectes en el Centro Pompidou’. Europa Press. 21 October. Exterior (2020). ‘La Consellera Ponsa Visita les Obres Catalanes al Centre Pompidou de París’. Exterior. 21 October. Govern d’Andorra (2015). Arquitectura amb Segell Propi, Quatre Projectes Emblemàtics per a l’andorra de les Pròximes Decades. COAAD. pp. 95–9. Gracia, E. (2016). ‘L’edifici The Cloud Obrirà les Seves Portes a Partir del Juny del 2019’. El Periòdic. 7 September.
76
RELATED PUBLICATIONS
Institut Ramon Llull (2020). ‘2017 Pritzker Prize Winners RCR Arquitectes and MiAS Architects on Display at Paris’s Centre Pompidou. Institut Ramon Llull. La República (2020). ‘El Centre Pompidou Acull una Mostra dels Treballs de RCR Arquitectes i MiAS Arquitectes. La República. 30 October. Moix, L. (2020). ‘RCR Prepara una Gran Exposición en el Centro Pompidou. La Vanguardia. 10 October. Nou Aire Andorra (2016). ‘L’edifici The Cloud Guanya Espai’. Nou Aire Andorra. 7 September. Ribas Tur, A. (2010). ‘El Centre Georges Pompidou Exposa els seus fons de Maquetes i Dibuixos dels RCR i de Josep Miàs’. ARA.CAT. 9 October. TV3 (2020). ‘El Centre Pompidou de París Consagra els Estudis d’arquitectura Catalans RCR i MiAS Arquitectes’. TV3. 21 October. TV3 (2020). ‘El Centre Pompidou Acull una Mostra dels Treballs de RCR Arquitectes i MiAS Arquitectes’. TV3 NOTICIES. 21 October.
Printed article
Online article (clickable link)
77
MIÀS ARCHITECTS
THE CLOUD
Image Credits
Bartlett Design Research Folios
All images © Miàs Architects, unless otherwise stated.
ISSN 2753-9822
32
V&A, Museum no. CIRC.472-1974
© 2022 The Bartlett School of Architecture. All rights reserved. Text © the authors Founder of the series and lead editor: Yeoryia Manolopoulou Edited by Yeoryia Manolopoulou, Barbara Penner, Phoebe Adler Picture researcher: Sarah Bell Additional project management: Srijana Gurung Graphic design: Objectif Layout and typesetting: Siâron Hughes Every effort has been made to trace the copyright holders of the material reproduced in this publication. If there have been any omissions, we will be pleased to make appropriate acknowledgement in revised editions.
BARTLETT DESIGN RESEARCH FOLIOS
2022 SERIES
Design for Learning AY Architects
Poikilokydric Living Marcos Cruz
Life of Clay Guan Lee
Audialsense Paul Bavister
Warsaw Karowa Bridge DKFS Architects
Flood House Matthew Butcher
Photosynthetic Architecture ecoLogicStudio
Digital Manual Guan Lee, Daniel Widrig
Instruments Nine and Ten Nat Chard Coworking Spaces Izaskun Chinchilla Architects Organic Growth Pavilion Izaskun Chinchilla Architects TransDisciplinary PostDigital FrAgility Marjan Colletti + REX|LAB
Discrete Timber Architecture Gilles Retsin LA Futures Smout Allen
Kew House Tim Lucas
Infractus Smout Allen
Losing Myself Yeoryia Manolopoulou, Níall McLaughlin
A Register of User Adaptations Storp Weber Architects
Oxford Projects Níall McLaughlin Architects
Uncovering Casa Sperimentale Storp Weber Architects
High Street Regeneration Jan Kattein Architects
Funicular del Tibidabo Miàs Architects
Oxford North Jonathan Kendall
The Cloud Miàs Architects
Cork Construction Oliver Wilton, Matthew Barnett Howland
Hakka Cultural Park Christine Hawley, Abigail Ashton, Andrew Porter, Moyang Yang
Alga(e)zebo mam
55/02 sixteen*(makers)
Chong Qing Nan Lu Towers mam
Envirographic and Techno Natures Smout Allen
City of Ladies Penelope Haralambidou Discrete Methods for Spatial Robotic Extrusion Manuel Jiménez García, Gilles Retsin
Playing the Picturesque You + Pea
2015 SERIES
Bloom Alisa Andrasek, José Sanchez House of Flags AY Architects Montpelier Community Nursery AY Architects Design for London Peter Bishop 2EmmaToc / Writtle Calling Matthew Butcher, Melissa Appleton River Douglas Bridge DKFS Architects Open Cinema Colin Fournier, Marysia Lewandowska The ActiveHouse Stephen Gage Déjà vu Penelope Haralambidou Urban Collage Christine Hawley
House Refurbishment in Carmena Izaskun Chinchilla Architects Refurbishment of Garcimuñoz Castle Izaskun Chinchilla Architects Gorchakov’s Wish Kreider + O’Leary Video Shakkei Kreider + O’Leary Megaframe Dirk Krolikowski (Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners) Seasons Through the Looking Glass CJ Lim Agropolis mam
ProtoRobotic FOAMing mam, Grymsdyke Farm, REX|LAB Banyoles Old Town Refurbishment Miàs Architects Torre Baró Apartment Building Miàs Architects Alzheimer’s Respite Centre Níall McLaughlin Architects Bishop Edward King Chapel Níall McLaughlin Architects Block N15 Façade, Olympic Village Níall McLaughlin Architects
Hydrological Infrastructures Smout Allen Lunar Wood Smout Allen Universal Tea Machine Smout Allen British Exploratory Land Archive Smout Allen, Geoff Manaugh 101 Spinning Wardrobe Storp Weber Architects Blind Spot House Storp Weber Architects
Regeneration of Birzeit Historic Centre Palestine Regeneration Team
Green Belt Movement Teaching and Learning Pavilion Patrick Weber
PerFORM Protoarchitecture Lab
Modulating Light and Views Patrick Weber
