July 2013— Issue 1
Eating right To apply or not to apply?
Understanding a cow’s digestive XXXXXXXXXXXXXX system helps pick the right food PAGE PAGE12 11
PRSRT STD US POSTAGE PAID BRYAN, TX 77802 PERMIT # 23
JAMES THOMPSON LABEL CHANGES
JAMES THOMPSON GOOD FELLOW
PAGE 3
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Straight from Proposals for mechanically the horse's mouth. tenderized beef.
StraightGriffin Davey from the named horse's meat mouth. association fellow.
JAMES THOMPSON MANAGING THE DROUGHT RICE JAMES NOT THOMPSON AS NICE Straight the Making frommost the of horse's available mouth. water is critical.
Straightrestrictions Water from the horse's trim Texas mouth. crop by 30 percent.
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The Land & Livestock Post July 2013— Issue 1
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USDA proposes rules for labeling From the General Manager mechanically tenderized beef W Special to The Post
side of the cut to the interior. Because of the possible presence of pathogens in the interior of the product, mechanically tenderized beef products may pose
See LABEL, Page 8
July 2013— Issue 1
cess known as mechanical tenderization, during which they are pierced by needles or sharp blades in order to break up muscle fibers. Research has shown that this process may transfer pathogens present on the out-
have a beverage, or six of them, close at hand when grilling. There are a lot of steps you have to take to get ready to digest some beef cow, but not quite as many as it takes for a beef cow to digest. ( How’s that for a segue?) In our cover story we take a trip down the alimentary canal of our bovine friends. By doing so, we get a better understanding about their nutritional needs. We also have some news from the cattle industry as well as a little bit from other parts of the agricultural world, Hope you enjoy it, and thanks for reading. ’Til next time,
The U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Food Safety and Inspection Service is proposing new requirements for labeling beef products that have been mechanically tenderized, including adding new cooking instructions, so that consumers can safely enjoy these products. “Ensuring that consumers have effective tools and information is important in helping them protect their families against foodborne illness,” said USDA Under Secretary Elisabeth Hagen. “This proposed rule would enhance food safety by providing clear labeling of mechanically-tenderized beef products and outlining new cooking instructions so that consumers and restaurants can safely prepare these products.” To increase tenderness, some cuts of beef go through a pro-
ell, July is here. A lot of people don’t like the middle of summer. While it is hot, the best way to deal with it is to move around as little as possible. I’m pretty good at that, so I don’t have a huge problem with summer, or July in particular. July is also a great time to grill. If your grill is outdoors, which is a location JESSE WRIGHT that is highly reccomended, then your grill is perpetually preheated. All you have to do is add a few charcoal briquettes and you’re ready to burn some meat. It is important to remember that when dealing with fire and summer weather to stay hydrated. Yo u should always
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The Land & Livestock Post July 2013— Issue 1
News
Poultry litter management program set July 10 By Paul SchattenBerg Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service
RIESEL — Management of poultry litter will be the focus of a field day to be held July 10 at Riesel High School, 600 E. Frederick St. in Riesel. Located in McLennan County, Riesel is part of the Waco Metropolitan Statistical Area. The field day is hosted by the Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service, Texas Water Resources Institute, the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Agricultural Research Service and the Texas A&M University poultry science department. There is no cost to attend, and lunch will be provided by the Texas Poultry Federation. Registration begins at 8 a.m. with presentations to start at 8:30 a.m. Poultry production has expanded significantly in Central in Texas in recent years, said Matt Brown, Texas Water Resources Institute program assistant. Texas Water Resources Institute is part of Texas A&M AgriLife Research, AgriLife Extension and the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences at Texas A&M University. “Poultry litter — the combination of bedding material and manure — is a great source of plant nutrients,” Brown said. “However, if improperly managed, litter removed from these poultry facilities and applied to the land can represent a threat to water quality through bacterial and nutrient runoff from these fields.” Certain best management practices can reduce the environmental impacts of poultry litter, he said. Brown said program attendees will learn about in-house windrow composting, a man-
agement strategy used by commercial poultry producers to reduce pathogenic microorganisms in litter. Presentations also will address the economic and environmental impacts of poultry litter application, bacteria found in poultry litter, the effect of composting on litter nutrient levels and odor, spreader calibration and litter application, and various additional litter management practices. “Attendees need to come prepared to travel, because following the presentations participants will see a demonstration of the windrow process at the Agricultural Research Service Grassland, Soil and Water Research Laboratory located a few miles from the high school,” he said. The group will return to the high school for lunch. Holders of Texas Department of Agriculture private pesticide applicator licenses will be offered two continuing education units in the general category. RSVP by July 8 to Shane McLellan, AgriLife Extension agent for McLennan County, at 254-757-5180 or s-mclellan@ tamu.edu. The In-House Windrow Composting of Poultry Litter project is managed by the Texas Water Resources Institute, part of AgriLife Research, AgriLife
Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service photo
A program on poultry litter composting is scheduled July 10 in Riesel. In-house windrow composting is a cost-effective practice that reduces the amount of microorganisms in poultry litter before removal. Extension and the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences. The project is funded through a Clean Water Act grant provided by the Texas State Soil and Water Conservation Board and Environmental Protection Agency. An agenda and more information can be found at the project website: windrowlitter.tamu. edu.
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The Land & Livestock Post July 2013— Issue 1
News
Conservation makes an important difference in drought-stricken areas across the state of Texas By Beverly Moseley Special to The Post
For months, South Texas ranchers have been struggling to keep cattle fed and watered through extraordinary drought conditions. Water wells and stock tanks have run dry, and some ranchers are left with no alternative but to truck water in to cattle. Mother Nature recently added insult to injury in droughtstricken Benavides when softball-sized hail fell during a one-inch rainfall event. Strong winds quickly dried up any moisture. “Duval County has been in exceptional drought for the last 12 months,” said Sammy Guerra, USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service district conservationist in Benavides. “Some parts catch a rain that will start greening up the grasses. Then, we have these 40-miles-per-hour winds consistently that dry out [the soil]. We just haven’t had the conditions to grow any grass.” Willie Utley is all too familiar with the day-to-day struggles of persistent drought. The Benavides rancher has been hauling water to one of his pastures for months and moved some cattle to leased pastures where there is available water. Normal annual rainfall in Duval County is 24 inches, but Utley’s ranch has received only an estimated 10.5 inches over the past two years. “Three or four years ago I used to have 60 head of cattle. Now I’m down to about 25,” Utley said. The need for livestock water brought Utley into his local conservation service field office. He applied for and received funding from the agency to help install a solar-powered water well through the USDA’s national StrikeForce Initiative for Rural Growth and Opportunity. The StrikeForce Initiative addresses high-priority funding needs in rural communities in 16 states, including Texas. The initiative provides an opportunity for the to work with land-
NRCS photos/Beverly Moseley
Above, rancher Willie Utley of Benavides and Sammy Guerra, USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service district conservationist in Benavides, livestock watering tank and, left, the windmill-powered water well dug in the 1930s that fed it have run dry due to decades of drought cycles.
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See DROUGHT, Page 7
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The Land & Livestock Post
News Future Generation of Agriculture Conference discusses managing risk By Blair Fannin Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service
tance through the StrikeForce Initiative, he would not have been able to afford a new well. One reason is that it has been costly over the past couple of years to provide supplemental feed such as hay. Utley is taking the steps needed to manage his ranch efficiently through the drought. Once forages on the drought-stricken
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Larry Boleman, associate vice chancellor for outreach and strategic initiatives, moderated the first day of the Next Generation of Agriculture Conference at the Brazos County Expo. “The basic idea of a marketing plan is to consciously decide the criteria you will use to make a marketing decision, such as covering your costs — or costs plus a percentage — or to sell in the top third of the market. Maybe your crop insurance choice is all the revenue coverage you need. Otherwise, we are either forced into making a marketing decision by other financial needs or marketing becomes driven by emotion, fear and greed, and may not result in the best marketing outcome.” The next conference is scheduled for July at the Taylor County Expo Center in Abilene. The conferences are hosted by Capital Farm Credit and AgriLife Extension. They are designed to help the next generation of producers transition into the business, or to help current farmers and ranchers expand their operations, providing production and financial management tools. For more information about the conferences, visit www.capitalfarmcredit.com/. pastures have had some time to recover, he hopes to move his cattle back to the pasture where the new water well has been established. “It’s going to be a big improvement and not having the worry of not having water when you need it,” he said. • Beverly Moseley is apublic affairsspecialistfortheUSDA’sNaturalResources Conservation Service
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July 2013— Issue 1
Drought, from Page 6
BRAHMAN BULLS/HEIFERS
Agricultural producers both young and old learned practical risk-management techniques in farming and ranching at the recent Next Generation of Agriculture Conference, held recently at the Brazos County Expo in Bryan. Mark Welch, Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service g rains economist in College Station, advised farmers to be low-cost producers through input efficiency, crop rotation, use of hybrids and soil testing. “To be profitable in today’s farm economy, you’ve got to be an efficient, low-cost producer,” he said. With commodity prices continuing an upward swing, Welch said it might be wise to lock in prices when on the upside instead of “timing the market.” “You can use cash-flow projections and crop insurance as a safety net,” he said. “But before any of this, you must have a m a rke t i n g plan. If you do none of this and no pre-harvest pricing, you are a specu- WELCH lator in the cash market. You accept all the price risk between now and whenever you decide to sell.” To fend off potential price risk, Welch said farmers can use futures contracts to hedge against fluctuating commodity prices during the growing season. He said this could be part of a farmer’s marketing plan rather than going into the market blindly.
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The Land & Livestock Post July 2013— Issue 1
News LIVESTOCK MARKET REPORT Brazos Valley
Results of the Brazos Valley Livestock Commission’s June 6 sale: Head: 471 Steers: 200-300 lbs., $164$200; 300-400 lbs., $150-$170; 400-500 lbs., $140-$160; 500600 lbs., $128-$150; 600-700 lbs., $122-$145; 700-800 lbs., $1185-$130. Heifers: 200-300 lbs., $150$175, 300-400 lbs., $135-$155; 400-500 lbs., $124-$144; 500600 lbs., $129-$140; 600-700 lbs., $113-$131; 700-800 lbs., $115-$126. Slaughter bulls: $86-$94. Slaughter cows: $65-$78. Bred cows: $975-$1,200.
Steers: 150-200 lbs., $165$245; 200-300 lbs., $160-$215; 300-400 lbs., $157-$200; 400500 lbs., $145-$172; 500-600 lbs., $125-$157; 600-700 lbs., $120-$150; 700-800 lbs., $110$132. Heifers: 150-200 lbs., $170$235; 200-300 lbs., $160-$225; 300-400 lbs., $140-$200; 400500 lbs., $130-$152; 500-600 lbs., $120-$149; 600-700 lbs., $110-$132; 700-800 lbs., $105$125. Slaughter bulls: $91-$103. Slaughter cows: $60-$85. Bred cows: $975-$1,450. Cow/calf pairs: $1,000$1,800.
Buffalo
Caldwell
Label, from Page 3
the Food Safety and Inspection Service used data from its own research, from the Agricultural Research Service, and from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to determine the public health risk associated with undercooking mechanically tenderized products, and the benefits of the proposed rule. The proposal was posted on the Food Safety and Inspection Service website at and soon will be published in the Federal Register. The comment period will end 60 days after the proposal publishes in the Federal Register and must be submitted through the Federal eRulemaking Portal at www.regulations. gov, or by mail to the U.S. Department of Agriculture, FSIS, OPPD, RIMD, Docket Clearance Unit, Patriots Plaza III, Room 8-164, 355 E Street, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20024-3221. All items submitted by mail or electronic mail must include the agency name and docket number, which will be assigned when it is published in the Federal Register.
Results of the Buffalo Livestock Marketing’s June 8 sale: Head: 1,474
a greater threat to public health than intact beef products if they are not cooked properly. The proposed rule would require that mechanically tenderized products are labeled so that consumers know they are purchasing product that has been mechanically tenderized. The rule also would require the labels of mechanically tenderized product to display cooking instructions, so that consumers have the information they need to cook this product in a way that destroys illness-causing pathogens. Since 2003, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has received reports of five outbreaks attributable to needle or blade tenderized beef products prepared in restaurants and consumers’ homes. Failure to thoroughly cook a mechanically tenderized raw or partially cooked beef product was a significant contributing factor in all of these outbreaks. In developing this proposed rule,
Results of the Caldwell Livestock Commission’s June 12 sale: Head: 276
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Groesbeck
Results of the Groesbeck Auction and Livestock Exchange’s June 13 sale: Head: 386. Steers: 300-400 lbs., $175$195; 400-500 lbs., $160-$180; 500-600 lbs., $140-$153; 600700 lbs., $135-$145. Heifers: 300-400 lbs., $155$175; 400-500 lbs., $140-$168; 500-600 lbs., $128-$165; 600700 lbs., $125-$150. Slaughter bulls: $99-$105. Slaughter cows: $68-$86.
Stocker cows: $900-$1,300. Cow/calf pairs: $950-$1,875.
Jordan
Results of the Jordan Cattle Auction Market June 13 sale: Head: 2,089 Steers: 200-300 lbs., $185$205; 300-400 lbs., $170$202.50; 400-500 lbs., $155$167.50; 500-600 lbs., $138$150; 600-700 lbs., $128-$140; 700-800 lbs., $115-$139. Heifers: 200-300 lbs., $150$160; 300-400 lbs., $140$162.50; 400-500 lbs., $130$140; 500-600 lbs., $125-$138; 600-700 lbs., $118-$138; 700800 lbs., $110-$124. Slaughter bulls: $85-$100.50. Slaughter cows: $60-$96.50. Stocker cows: $900-$1,475. Cow/calf pairs: $890-$1,775.
Steers: 300-400 lbs., $132$190; 400-500 lbs., $120-$159; 500-600 lbs., $125-$150; 600700 lbs., $110-$143. Heifers: 300-400 lbs., $130$163; 400-500 lbs., $125-$159; 500-600 lbs., $117-$155; 600700 lbs., $111-$130. Slaughter bulls: $91-$96. Slaughter cows: $60-$76. Stocker cows: $1,075. Cow/calf pairs: $1,600$1,800. — Compiled by The Post
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Results of the Milano Livestock Exchange’s June 11 sale: Head: 308.
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The Rangelands Partnership recently launched a one-stop shop website for all things rangeland.
STILLWATER, Okla. — The Rangelands Partnership recently launched a one-stop shop website for all things rangeland. Considering rangelands cover 70 percent of the world’s land area, and nearly that percentage for the United States, the information on the site is vast. “The Rangelands Partnership has been working on this website for the last decade. The RangelandsWest website contains the most comprehensive body of information on the world’s rangelands relative to any other source,” said Karen Hickman, professor at Oklahoma State University’s department of natural resource ecology and management. The suite of websites (globalrangelands.org) has a database for more than 13,000 resources to support research, sustainable management and education about the world’s rangelands. The Rangelands Partnership is a collaboration of 19 western U.S. land-grant institutions and several international organizations, which have been working to develop evaluated, science-based information resources and tools. “These websites have organized, com-
The globalrangelands.org/rangelandswest page provides access to the global database as well as western U.S. specific topics. From this page, users can click on a state on an interactive map, which will take them to that state’s rangeland page. The Oklahoma page is filled with information about contemporary rangeland issues such as invasive species, drought and water resources, use of fire in grazing and wildlife management and other rangeland related resources concerning Oklahomans,” Hickman said. “This partnership is experimenting with a new Extension solution for both copy right and no-copy right content delivery by engaging rangeland specialists, librarians and IT specialists to create a one-stop shop to a general public,” said Chris Zou, Oklahoma State department of natural resource ecology and management assistant professor. An annual workshop is held to discuss how to improve the website and its user experience and to exchange ideas among participating institutions. The site is maintained by the University of Arizona and each institution regularly will update the content of its own site.
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The Land & Livestock Post July 2013— Issue 1
News Cattle Trails Wheat and Stocker Cattle Conference to be held in Lawton, Okla. By Kay LedBetter Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service
LAWTON, Okla. — Southern Oklahoma and North Texas have experienced a difficult three years of dry conditions. And while no one knows what the environmental conditions hold for the area, agricultural producers continue to plant crops and raise cattle, a Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service economist said. New research and technology based on these continuing conditions will be the focus of the Cattle Trails Wheat and Stocker Cattle Conference, a joint effort between AgriLife Extension and the Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service, to be held Aug. 13 in Lawton, Okla. This annual conference provides wheat growers and stocker cattle operators the most upto-date information on topics that influence profits, said Stan Bevers, AgriLife Extension economist in Vernon, Texas. The conference, which alternates between Texas and Oklahoma each year, will be from 8 a.m. to 2 p.m. at the Comanche County Coliseum, 920 SW. Sheridan Road. Registration is $25 per person and includes educational materials, a noon meal and refreshments. Producers are encouraged to preregister by contacting their local AgriLife Extension county
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rk An a l C
agent, their Oklahoma Cooperative Extension county educator or the Southwest Oklahoma Area Extension office at 580255-0546. The keynote speaker for the event will be Bart Fischer from Washington, D.C., chief economist for U.S. Rep. Frank Lucas from Oklahoma. Lucas is the current House Agriculture Committee chairman. It is anticipated Congress will complete work on the new Farm Bill this fall and Fischer will provide insight into what the new bill might look like and how its impact will influence area wheat producers’ income. Two speakers will address new research and technology, Bevers said. Gerald Horn, Oklahoma State University department of animal science professor in Stillwater, will discuss results from the Marshall Stocker Cattle program. David Worrell, AgriPro/Syngenta wheat breeder and product manager at Lockett, Texas, will provide an update on his wheat breeding program. Ted McCollum, AgriLife Extension beef cattle specialist in Amarillo, will discuss what to do with the stocker cattle prior to wheat being ready and still have the cattle gain weight. Bevers will provide his expectations for the wheat and stocker cattle markets. For more information on the event, go to agrisk.tamu.edu.
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f we are to feed cattle properly for optimum production, we need to understand their digestive system. We all know that cows are ruminants as are goats, sheep, and deer and that their digestive systems vary greatly from those of monogastric animals such as man, dogs, poultry and swine. A ruminant has a four-compartment stomach, whereas monogastric animals have a one-compartment stomach. Unless we are an animal nutritionist, this is where our understanding of the cow’s digestive system may end. About three years ago, I had the opportunity to watch Joe Paschal of Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service pull a cow’s digestive tract from a big plastic bag in front of an audience at the Texas and Southwest Cattle Raisers Association School for Successful Ranching. Paschal laid the organs on a table in an orderly fashion and began explaining how a cow digests its food, starting with the esophagus. The following paragraphs are a recap of Pascal’s presentation:
Food digestion
It takes one to three days for food to pass through a cow’s digestive tract, depending upon what it eats. A cow briefly chews food as it eats, breaking it into smaller particles. As it chews, digestive enzymes in its saliva are mixed with the food before it passes down the esophagus into the reticulum and rumen (Figure 1). Since digesta (a substance undergoing digestion) flows freely between the reticulum and rumen, these compartments are collectively referred to as the reticulorumen. The reticulo-rumen contains more than 50 percent of the total digestive tract capacity. Most feed is fermented in the reticulo-rumen, but a small amount may pass unchanged into the omasum and abomasum. Some of the larger food particles are regurgitated, chewed again and re-swallowed. We refer to the
July 2013— Issue 1
I
By RoBeRt FeaRs Special to The Post
How a cow digests its food
The Land & Livestock Post
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It is important to understand the cow’s digestive system to aid in keeping your animals in good body condition. On the Cover: Ruminants have the unique ability to convert roughage into protein and energy through their microbial/enzyme digestive systems. Photos by Robert Fears
second chewing as “chewing the cud.” Food is fermented and further broken down in the rumen by microbes. The stable environment in a rumen with a pH of 5.5 to 7.0 and a temperature range of 98.6 to 104 degrees Farenheit is conducive to microbial growth. There are several different kinds of rumen bacteria and each one is very specific to the type of food they utilize and the end products they produce. Rumen bacteria either digest cellulose, hemicellulose, starch, sugar, organic acids, protein or fat. In addition, there are bacteria that produce, ammonia, methane or synthesize vitamins. The specificity of rumen bacteria is the reason livestock specialists and animal nutritionists recommend that changes in feed be transitioned slowly. Populations of bacteria that digest the new feed have to be established or the cow will have adverse reactions to the new diet. Bacteria and other micro-
See STOMACH, Page 12
11
The Land & Livestock Post July 2013— Issue 1
News
Photo by Robert Fears
Deer are another example of ruminants.
Stomach, from Page 11 organisms are ingested on feed or obtained from other animals. If the cow eats feed that its rumen bacteria utilize, the population will grow. As the population grows the cow can digest more of the food they eat. If a cow doesn’t eat what her rumen bacteria utilize, the micro-organisms die. This is why cattlemen say that they feed rumen “bugs,” not the animal. Protozoa, larger than bacteria, are found in the rumen and are classified according to their cell morphology. Species vary according to the type of diet, time of year and geological location. Both bacteria and protozoa have food value to the cow. Dried microbes contain
40 to 50 percent crude protein and are more than 75 percent digestible. Digesta flows from reticulorumen into the omasum which contains from 6 to 8 percent of the digestive tract capacity. The omasum has many folds of tissue that resemble a partially open book. Water is reabsorbed from digesta and particle size is further reduced in the omasum. Upon leaving the omasum, digesta passes into the abomasum that is often referred to as the true stomach. The abomasum secretes digestive enzymes that break feed down into protein, vitamins, simple carbohydrates, fats and amino acids for absorption into the
See RUMINANT, Page 13
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small intestine. Un-digestible material passes into the large intestines where excess moisture is reabsorbed and fecal material is formed.
Digestion
“The key to ruminant nutrition is meeting the nitrogen (protein) and energy requirements of the microbes,” said Rick Machen of the Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service. “The cow’s protein requirements are often fulfilled when microbe protein needs are met.” Protein is one of the main building blocks of the animal’s body. It is a major component of muscles, the nervous system and connective tissue. Protein is composed of amino acid chains and is essential for maintenance, growth, lactation and reproduction. “Microbes degrade plant proteins to various degrees in
the rumen and use the resulting ammonia to synthesize microbial protein,” Machen said. “Escape or non-degraded proteins are passed to the lower digestive tract along with microbial protein. Digestive enzymes secreted in the abomasum break both plant and microbial protein into their component amino acids which are absorbed from the small intestines into the bloodstream.” Some high quality proteins may be degraded rapidly and almost completely, causing the created ammonia to enter the bloodstream without forming amino acids. This action reduces essential amino acid availability to the animal. Extremely low quality proteins may be upgraded during digestion to a higher quality microbial protein. “Protein, carbohydrates and fats provide energy in beef cattle diets,” said Jane Parish of Mississippi State Univer-
sity. “Energy is often referred to as digestible energy, net energy for maintenance (NEm), net energy for gain (NEg), net energy for lactation (NE) and more often, total digestible nu-
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July 2013— Issue 1
Ruminant, from Page 12
Photo by Robert Fears
digest cellulose and hemicellulose but cannot digest lignin.” Animal nutrition can be very complicated to anyone not trained in the field, so most of us need to continue to study and learn from the experts.
Start cattle on grain gradually if they have only been eating hay and other forages.
trients (TDN). “When digestible energy becomes limiting in beef cattle diets, intake and animal performance can suffer. Signs of energy deficiency include lowered appetite, weight loss, poor growth, depressed reproductive performance and reduced milk production. Providing adequate digestible energy in beef cattle diets is important for animal health and productivity as well as ranch profitability.” “Carbohydrates are beef cattle’s main source of energy,” Parish said. “They are either nonstructural (readily digested by all livestock) or structural (digested through fermentation that occurs in the rumen). Ruminant animals, including beef cattle, have the unique ability to digest some structural carbohydrates in plant cell walls as a source of energy through microbial activity in the rumen. Structural carbohydrates include cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin. Beef cattle can
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Ask the Vet! Steve Wikse - Retired DVM Large Animal Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University
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The Land & Livestock Post July 2013— Issue 1
News Texas A&M AgriLife meat specialist Davey Griffin named AMSA Fellow and 2013 Signal Service Award recipient By Blair Fannin Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service
COLLEGE STATION — Dav ey Griffin, a Texas A&M Agri Life Extension Service meat specialist and associate profes sor in the department of animal science at Texas A&M Univer sity, has been named American Meat Science Association Fel low and Signal Service Award winner. The award was given in rec ognition of devoted service and lasting contributions to the meat industry and to the asso ciation, according to officials. The Signal Service Awards are sponsored by Keystone Foods, Johnsonville Sausage Compa ny and Elanco Animal Health. Griffin was honored June 18 at abanquet in Auburn, Ala. “ D ave y ’ s c o n t r i bu t i o n s and leadership in [American Meat Science Association] has shaped the course of its youth development programs,” said Thomas Powell, association executive director. “His dedica tion to these programs, as well as the entire meat industry, are equaled by few and exceeded by none, making him a worthy recipient of the Signal Service Award and being named an [American Meat Science Asso ciation] Fellow.” Griffin is a native of Corsi cana and attended Texas A&M University, graduating with three degrees in animal science: a bachelor’s degree in 1979, a master’s degree in 1981 and a doctorate in 1989. Between his master’s and doctoral degrees, Griffin worked in the preman agement training program and as a sales representative of Os car Mayer and Company. Griffin began working as an Extension meat specialist in the depart ment of animal science at Texas A&M University in 1989 and is an associate professor and Ex tension meat specialist. Griffin serves as a liaison between industry, commodity groups, medical and dietary professionals and Extension personnel to provide research
information and technology. His key program and inter est areas include cutability and composition of carcasses associated with valuebased marketing, current consumer issues concerning meat and meat products, youth develop ment, and cooperative research projects. Griffin is the faculty advisor for A&M’s meat judging pro gram and works with the Texas FFA meat judging program. He serves as the superintendent for carcass shows for the San An tonio and Houston stock shows. He also has served numerous times on the National 4H Meat Judging Contest Official Com mittee, and has been instrumen tal in the adoption of a common list of retail identification cuts and coding for both 4H and FFA beginning in 2012. Griffin has designed award winning programs for the livestock and meat industry. According to his award nomi nation, his greatest work was the creation of the Beef 101
Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service photo by Blair Fannin
Davey Griffin, a Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service meat specialist and associate professor in the department of animal science at Texas A&M University, has been named American Meat Science Association Fellow and Signal Service Award winner. program, which began in 1989. Thousands of people from around the world have partici pated in this handson work shop designed to allow people to learn the basics of beef. Griffin also helped with the development of the Beef 706 and PORK 101 programs, and has served as a key leader in these ongoing workshops. In 2006, Griffin became the executive director of the Texas Associa tion of Meat Processors where he provides outstanding leader ship for the group of small and very small processors. Ameri can Meat Science Association recognized him in 2008 with the Distinguished Extension Industry Service Award.
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The Land & Livestock Post July 2013— Issue 1
News Non-approved gentically modified wheat found in Oregon Agriculture said the field is in eastern Oregon. USDA officials declined to speculate whether the modified seeds blew into the field from a testing site or if they were somehow planted or taken there, and they would not identify the farmer or the farm’s location. The discovery could have far-reaching implications for the U.S. wheat industry if the growth of the engineered product turns out to be widespread. Many countries around the
By MARY CLARE JALONICK Associated Press
WASHINGTON — The Agriculture Department said recently that a non-approved strain of genetically engineered wheat has been discovered in an Oregon field, a potential threat to trade with other countries that have concerns about genetically modified foods. Michael Firko of the USDA’s Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service said a farmer discovered the genetically modified plants on his farm and contacted Oregon State University, which notified USDA early this month. There is no genetically engineered wheat currently approved for U.S. farming. USDA officials said the wheat is the same strain as a genetically modified wheat that was legally tested by seed giant Monsanto a decade ago but never approved. Monsanto stopped testing that product in Oregon and several
Special to The Post
Non-approved genetically modified wheat linked to legal tests by seed giant Monsanto in the early 2000s has been found on an eastern Oregon farm. other states in 2005. The USDA said the genetically engineered wheat is safe to eat, but the department is investigating how it ended up
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world will not accept imports of genetically modified foods, and organic foods sold in the United States cannot be engineered by law. Organic companies have expressed frequent concern that genetically modified seed will blow into their farms and contaminate their products. USDA said this is the only report it has received of a genetically engineered wheat. “Even so, we are taking this very seriously,” Firko said.
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Water restrictions continue to harm Texas rice crop By Kathleen PhilliPs Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service
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BEAUMONT — Water restrictions in some parts of Texas and unseasonably cool temperatures that settled in earlier this year have had the state’s rice crop growing in a bit of uncertainty. And the end results could take a bite out of more than a side dish for stir fry, according to Texas AgriLife Research rice scientist Ted Wilson of Beaumont. A drop in rice yields will also impact the state’s economy. Because of the 2011 drought in Texas — which continues in a large portion of the western region — water use has been restricted for crop irrigation in three large rice-producing counties: Matagorda, Wharton and Colorado, Wilson said. “The rice industry brings in $500 million to $600 million in value-added contributions to the economy for the state of Texas,” Wilson said. “We are in the second year for the rice industry of a curtailment of access (to surface water) in those three counties, and that impact has been a 30 percent reduction in rice acres in Texas, so that’s about $180 million dollars lost from the state economy.” For long-time farmer Mike Burnside, the water restriction for the second year meant he had to change crops to grow soybeans for the first time in 28 years. “I have no rice,” said the Bay City-area farmer. “After 100 years of growing rice in this area, for the second year in a row we can’t because there is no water. We need the drought to break.” “Those three counties have represented 72 percent of the rice grown in Texas,” Wilson said. “The canal system there, which was originally con-
structed by the rice industry, has transferred to municipalities over time so that puts constraints on what rice growers can use. And that has economic implications for Texas.” Coupled with the water limitations, he added, are “very unusual” weather conditions that started off the rice plantinggrowing season. “It remained cool for a long, long time as the planting season was starting, so the plants h ave grown more slowly,” Wilson said. “We haven’t had many problems with seedling disease because it’s been dry along with the cold, but it still begs the question what the long cold weather will have done to the yield potential. And there is some indication that it reduced the tillering, which are baby plants produced by each of the plants that come from an individual seed, and that is what allows rice basically to fill in the space.” Texas AgriLife Research photo by Kathleen Phillips Almost 95 percent of the state’s 131,094 acres planted had Rice reaching maturity at the Texas AgriLife Research Center near Beaumont. Water restrictions have hurt Texas rice crops. emerged by the end of May, according to AgriLife Research figures. That is somewhat better than last year when only about 80 percent of the 132,822 acres planted had emerged. By this time in 2012, however, about 19 percent of the crop was 4400 East Hwy 21, Bryan, TX 77808 developing panicles — where the grains of rice develop. This year, only about 10 percent of the state’s crop is at that stage, BESIDES BUILDING THE BEST TRAILERS ON THE MARKET, figures indicate. The rice crop generally is WE ALSO OFFER A HUGE SELECTION OF: harvested in August and September. “The important question for TRAILER AXLES • HUBS • BRAKES • LIGHTS • JACKS a healthy rice industry is to COUPLERS • TOWING • HARDWARE • CARGO CONTROL understand what makes for a good year and one that is not so TIRES AND WHEELS • TRUCK ACCESSORIES • WINCHES good,” Wilson said. “We don’t GOOSENECK HOOKUPS IN TRUCKS • AND MUCH MORE! know the impact on the yield from the cold, but it may have affected the tiller production,” which, in turn, could put a dent BRING IN THIS AD in yield.
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