Land and LIvestock Post

March 2019 – Issue II

HEALTHY CATTLE

GOING TO THE DOGS

Field day setin Menard for Livestock Guardian Dogs PAGE 4

FEELING BULLISH

Properly managing bulls helps in breeding season.

PAGE 8

Developing a herd health plan can head off many problems during breeding season

PROTECTING THE LAND

PAGE 12

Conservation easements benefit ag, water, wildlife.

PAGE 11

GOING NATIVE

Science shows benefits of native warm-season grasses.

PAGE 17

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March 2019 — Issue II

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The Land & Livestock Post

The Land & Livestock Post

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March 2019 — Issue II

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News

I

have a theory that no one actually likes Scotch. I, tried to make myself like it, I thought I would be sophisticated and cultured if I enjoyed a nice Scotch every now and again. I bought a bottle, and drank a small glass over ice.

I did this every day after work for about two weeks and it almost was like JESSE WRIGHT taking medicine.

But, alas, it was not a taste I could acquire. I barely made a dent in the bottle before I gave up and gave it away to a friend who claims to like the peaty potable.

From the General Manager It’s a shame I don’t like Scotch, because if I did I could just throw some charcoal briquettes in a glass of water and have what — if I liked Scotch — would be a delicious beverage.

I think people who claim they like Scotch actually are just tired of other people drinking their booze. So, to counter this, they chose the one spirit that is disgusting and decide to grin and bear it. The reason I came up with this theory is because it is a practice I have used on several occasions in many different instances.

From coffee to beer, ice cream to potato chips, I have chosen varieties not based upon my personal palette. Instead I choose based on what I can

tolerate and weigh that on the probability that others in my house will eat or drink it all before I get a single taste.

I know this sounds selfish, and it is. But have you ever wanted a coffee or a beer, and thought you had plenty, and then found you had none?

When you want a coffee or a beer, chances are you really want a coffee or a beer.

The absence of these beverages can alter your mood, and not in the good way you were hoping by consuming them.

After some trial and error, I have found that dark roast coffee and hop-py beer are things my wife will not touch. I like them OK. As for ice cream and chips,

well, the search is still on and I have little hope.

It takes a lot of planning to ensure I have the snacks and treats I want. Between my wife and kids, often those plans go awry and I end up with the crumbs To make sure you and your cattle operation don’t get your hand stuck in the Pringles can of life, you should have a plan, too, mainly for your herd health.

In our cover story, we take a look at developing a herd health plan, and all that such a plan entails.

We also have news from around the ag industry as well as information about upcoming sales and events. Hope you

enjoy it, and as always, thanks for reading. ’Til next time,

z For more information about content or advertising, contact Jesse Wright at jesse.wright@theeagle. com.

Improve your herd’s productivity

DA L N I T M A R H OW S DS FEE Texas A&M AgriLife photo by Jack Thorne Livestock guardian dogs help protect their flocks from predators.

Livestock Guardian Dog Field Day set April 12 in Menard

By SuSan HimeS Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service

SAN ANGELO — The Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service will host a Livestock Guardian Dog Field Day April 12 in Menard.

The livestock guardian dog event will run from 8 a.m. to 3 p.m. at the Murchison/Whitehead Memorial Youth Center at 190 Texas 190 W. and will include two ranch tours to view the dogs

4

at work and in bonding pens.

The cost is $25 per person and $40 per couple if registered by April 5; contact the AgriLife Extension office in Menard County at 325-396-4787. After April 5, the cost is $30 per person and $50 per couple. Lunch will be courtesy of Central Texas Farm Credit of Brady.

“This will be a great opportunity for current and prospective owners of livestock guardian

See DOGS, Page 5

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March 2019 — Issue II

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The Land & Livestock Post

News Dogs, from Page 4 dogs to see demonstrations, hear presentations and ask any questions they may have about these dogs,” said Bill Costanzo, AgriLife Research livestock guardian dog specialist in San Angelo.

Speakers will include John Walker, Texas A&M AgriLife Research resident director, and Reid Redden, AgriLife Extension sheep and goat specialist, both in San Angelo.

There also will be a panel discussion by producers.

“In Texas, predation is the leading cause for sheep and goat ranchers to go out of business,” said Redden. “This workshop will highlight ranch managers that utilize

livestock guardian dogs to keep predators at bay.

The field day will include numerous presenters on best management practices for rearing and caring for [livestock guardian dogs].

“The field day will also highlight new technology AgriLife Research and Extension has been investigating to better track and feed [livestock guardian dogs].”

Topics discussed will include using GPS trackers with livestock guardian dogs.

Texas A&M AgriLife Wildlife Services and the Menard Game and Livestock Protection Association groups also will be on hand to make presentations.

There will be two Texas Department of Agricul-

Texas A&M AgriLife photo by Jack Thorne Livestock guardian dogs learn from a young age to bond with a flock. ture general continuing education units available.

The Livestock Guardian Field Day is back by popular demand. We are excited to be hosting again in Menard County,” said Lisa Brown, AgriLife Extension agent for Menard County.

“We’re excited to include two ranch tours that use [livestock guardian dogs] to manage predation.”

There will be transportation provided from the Murchison/Whitehead Memorial Youth Center to the Noelke Ranch and Jacoby Ranch, where the livestock guardian dog ranch tours will take place.

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The Land & Livestock Post

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March 2019 — Issue II

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News

Cattleman’s

Brenham Livestock Auction

Special Replacement Female Sale

Saturday • March 30, 2019 • 12 noon 2405 Highway 105 East • Brenham, Texas Featuring

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Noble Research Institute photo Your bull is the most important employee on your ranch and needsattention year-round.

Head of Quality Replacement Females

How to properly manage bulls for a successful breeding season

By RoBeRt WellS Noble Research Institute

A successful bull program does not happen by accident and requires planning all year long rather than thinking about the bulls only just before and during the breeding season.

You may know the old adage that bulls account for one-half of the genetics of each calf, for all the calves he sires. This saying infers that a bull is extremely important to the success of the breeding program. However, bulls often are overlooked until it is time to turn them out for the breeding season. Proper off-season management of bulls can ensure longevity within the herd and a subsequent successful breeding season.

Evaluate seasoned bulls

Seasoned bulls should be evaluated for soundness and body condition when they complete each breeding season. It has been said that bulls should go into the breeding season wearing their Sunday best and come out wearing work clothes. These bulls will probably come out of the breeding pasture in lower-thanoptimal body condition but will have nine to 10 months to recover body condition. Good quality

6

pasture is typically adequate to accomplish this increase in body condition for mature bulls.

Make sure the bull has not sustained any injury that requires medical attention or that could impair his ability to be a sound breeder in the future. Additionally, consider if the bull is reaching an age that will limit his ability to breed cows effectively for the next year.

Things to look for include structure issues, inability to hold body condition, and loss of or worn teeth.

If a bull is in question, plan to purchase his replacement well enough in advance so there is still a good selection of bulls at a reasonable price, preferably in the fall of the year before the spring that the replacement will need to be used.

Choose a replacement

At some point, every ranch must purchase a replacement bull. Naturally, this bull should be a young, virgin animal that still is growing.

When determining bull-to-cow ratio in young bulls, a good rule of thumb is a bull should service as many cows as he is old in months.

See BULLS, Page 7

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March 2019 — Issue II

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The Land & Livestock Post

News Bulls, from Page 6 For example, a 17-month-old bull should only be expected to service 17 cows at most for the first breeding season. This assumes he has successfully passed a breeding soundness exam by a veterinarian.

It always is recommended to provide adequate quality forage, clean water and high quality minerals for bulls year-round.

Additionally, the young bull should have adequate but not excessive body condition, preferably a score of approximately 6 at turnout. How much time is left before the anticipated turnout date will determine the minimum age and weight of the bull at purchase.

Develop your growing bull

If the bull is purchased in the fall for an expected spring turnout date, you have time to develop

Noble Research Institute photo A successful bull program does not happen by accident and requires planning all year long rather than only thinking about the bulls just before and during the breeding season. him correctly before he goes out to the cow herd. Plan on growing the bull at a modest rate of 2 pounds per day from purchase to breeding season. If he is purchased in October for an April turnout, you have six months to add additional weight to the bull.

This will be accomplished by a combination of forage (pasture/ hay) and supplementation.

In a controlled breeding season, it is not uncommon for a young bull to lose up to approximately 150 pounds. When this occurs, he will most likely need additional feed supplementation to continue growing and developing to his full genetic potential before the second breeding season. This

See MANAGE, Page 8

The Land & Livestock Post

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March 2019 — Issue II

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News Manage, from Page 7

Do not overwork him

Remember to conduct a breeding soundness exam on each bull prior to the breedin season. Veterinarians typically suggest 60 days in advance of turnout in case the bull fails the first test. A retest should occur 30 days after the first test. If he fails the recheck, you still have time to find a replacement bull.

You will need time to find a suitable replacement that meets the goals of your operation rather than just finding a fertile bull.

The closer to turnout date it gets, the less quantity and quality bulls of service age are available and the cost typically goes up for these bulls.

Cow-to-bull ratios need to be evaluated based on pasture size and terrain, age of the bull, and whether or not an estrous synchronization program will be used. Young bulls should not be overworked because there is a higher probability of injury or a reduction in body condition great enough that negatively impacts sperm quality. Typically, most managers will use a ratio of 20 to 25 cows per bull. However, if a synchronization program will be implemented, the ratio may need to be lowered to ensure enough bull power to cover all the cows, as they all will cycle in a very short time span.

In general, it is always recommended to provide adequate quality forage, clean water and high quality minerals for bulls year-round. It takes about 60 days for spermatogenesis to occur. This means that how a bull is managed and fed two months in advance of the breeding season can have an impact on semen quality at the beginning of the breeding season, thus, how many cows he can successfully get bred in the early part of the breeding season.

Develop a health program

Pay attention year-round

may require the young bull to be pastured separately from mature bulls so he can receive additional supplemental feed during the first off-season.

Work with a county extension agent or livestock nutritionist to develop a growing-bull nutrition program that is cost effective.

Conduct a breeding soundness exam

Do not forget about an effective herd health program for your bulls. All bulls should receive viral respiratory complex vaccine booster — five-way vaccination for infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR), bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), parainfluenza 3 (PI3) and bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV). It is recommended to vaccinate against the leptospirosis and vibriosis breeding diseases as well.

Additionally, guarding against internal and external parasites will increase the health status of the bull.

Use a quality anthelmintic to control internal parasites. Flies, ticks and lice easily can be controlled with a combination of ear tags, topical treatment and back rubs.

Be sure to rotate classes of active ingredients to reduce resistance issues.

8

Now is the time to evaluate critically your bull herd and make any necessary adjustments to the nutrition program, if necessary.

Additionally, you should schedule an appointment with a veterinarian for a breeding soundness exam to ensure enough time to find replacements if the need arises.

Remember, your bull is the most important employee on your ranch. Make sure you pay attention to his needs year-round.

March 2019 — Issue II

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The Land & Livestock Post

News Hill Country Land Stewardship Conference to feature landowner legalities KERRVILLE — Whether operating a working ranch or engaging with the general public through tourism endeavors, landowners are faced with a number of legalities that can affect their business.

The sixth annual Hill Country Land Stewardship Conference, hosted by the Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service April 25-26 in Kerrville, will offer attendees a chance to learn about the laws they need to be aware of and hear from experts on other topics important to their operations, said Larry Redmon, AgriLife Extension program leader in College Station.

The conference will open with on-site registration, check-in and breakfast at 7:30 a.m. April 25 at the Y.O. Ranch Hotel, 2033 Sidney Baker St. The program will begin at 8:30 a.m.

The conference fee is $75 and includes all meals, break refreshments and tour

transportation costs. Registration will be available through April 15 at agriliferegister.tamu.edu/BennettTrust or 979-8452604.

One of the speakers will be Tiffany Dowell Lashmet, AgriLife Extension agricultural law specialist in Amarillo. She will discuss “Top Laws Texas Landowners Need to Know.”

“For every landowner in Texas, there are a number of legal issues that could come up,” Lashmet said. “From landowner liability to drafting leases, dealing with eminent domain to water law, it’s critical for landowners to have an understanding of their rights and how to protect their operations.”

She said the Bennett Trust program is always a great event.

“While I always like to think I bring useful information, nearly every time I find that questions from the audience end up being more impactful, so I always make sure to allow time for those questions and

The Land & Livestock Post

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By Kay LedBetter Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service

March 2019 — Issue II

Photo courtesy of the Noble Foundation important discussion,” Lashmet said.

Other topics and speakers include: • Managing for Unwanted Plant Species — Robert Lyons, AgriLife Extension range specialist in Uvalde.

• Birding in the Hill Country — Rhandy Helton, retired from Texas Parks and Wildlife.

• Using Prescribed Burning on Your Property — Morgan Treadwell, AgriLife Extension range specialistin San Angelo.

• How to Incorporate Exotics — Charly Seale, Exotic Wildlife Association executive director from Kerrville.

• Managing Your Whitetail Deer — Redmon.

The second day of the conference will be dedicated to ranch tours. Attendees will pick from tours of the Hillingdon Ranch in Kendall County, where legacy management will be discussed, or the Cimarron Ranch in Kerr County, where wildlife management will be the topic.

For more information, contact Linda Francis at L-francis@tamu.edu or an AgriLife Extension agent in the region, or go to agrilife.org/bennetttrust/.

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News AgriLife Extension beef cattle experts to discuss production at TSCRA convention

By BLAIR FANNIN Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service

FORT WORTH — From fence laws to utilizing new technologies to manage beef cattle herds, Texas A&M AgriLife experts will share the latest at the 2019 Texas and Southwestern Cattle Raisers Association Convention March 29-31 in Fort Worth.

The convention will be at the Fort Worth Convention Center, 1201 Houston St. Jason Banta, Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service beef cattle specialist in Overton, will present “Mineral Supplements: What Do I Need For My Operation?”

Supplementation strategies are an important part of cow-calf operations, and Banta will lead the session focusing on general recommendations for which type of cube or other supplements are right for an operation. He also will discuss how to utilize blocks, liquid feeds

10

Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service photo

by Blair Fannin Dan Hale, AgriLife Extension meat specialist in College Station, will co-lead an extensive overview of the beef supply chain from the ranch to the retail meat case at the March 29-31 TCRA Convention in Fort Worth.

and other types of supplements in an operation.

Tiffany Dowell Lashmet, AgriLife Extension law specialist in Amarillo, will lead discussions on understanding a wide range of landowner lease agreement and liability issues. Issues covered will include potential liability related to employee injury from equipment, potential hunting lease issues and others.

Cliff Lamb, department head for animal science at Texas A&M University in

College Station, will moderate a panel of scientists who will present new technologies available for herd owners to enhance the reproductive efficiency of their cattle operations.

A pre-convention Ranch to Retail Workshop on March 28 from 6-8 p.m. will feature Dan Hale, AgriLife Extension meat specialist in College Station, and Jason Bagley of the Texas Beef Council who will provide an extensive overview of the beef supply chain from the ranch to the retail meat case.

For a complete agenda and registration information, go to cattleraisersconvention.com.

March 2019 — Issue II

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The Land & Livestock Post

News Texas Land Trends reporT

The value of conservation easements to ag, water, wildlife

By Paul SchattenBerg Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service

The Texas Land Trends project of Texas A&M’s Natural Resources Institute has published a special series report describing Texas landowner participation in land conservation easements and their value to agricultural production, water and wildlife.

About 83 percent of lands in Texas are classified as privately owned working lands, signifying the critical role private landowners play in protecting the state’s valuable resources. Land-use conversion, including fragmentation, accounted for the loss of approximately 1.1 million acres of

working lands in Texas between 1997 to 2012.

“A conservation easement is a voluntary agreement between a landowner and a qualified nonprofit land trust or government entity through which the landowner commits to minimize or avoid certain types of non-agricultural development on their property by selling or donating certain property rights,” said Natural Resources Institute director Roel Lopez.

“Privately owned far ms, ranches and forests that produce food and fiber support rural economies and provide wildlife habitat, clean air and water, and recreational opportunities,” he said. “But increasing population

Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service photo Natural Resources Institute data shows conservation easements could capture more than 980,000 acre-feet of water annually,representing a $207 million savings to the state. growth and development has put extra pressure on working lands, often leading to their fragmentation into smaller parcels or conversion to other land uses, such as residential development.”

The amount of land fragmentation and conversion is likely to increase over the next decade as lands will likely pass to younger generations who may have less experience, lack financial capital

See reporT, Page 19

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March 2019 — Issue II

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News

Keeping your cattle healthy Development of a herd health plan

By RoBeRt FeaRs Special to The Post

T

he Cattle Raisers Convention in Fort Worth is the last weekend of this month and offers a great opportunity to catch up on the latest beef cattle production techniques.

In the School for Successful Ranching part of the convention, pertinent information is presented by an array of qualified speakers including successful producers, veterinarians, consultants, suppliers and academics.

This article serves as a recap of a presentation at last year’s school by Dr. Arn Anderson of Crosstimbers Veterinary Hospital in Bowie.

The title of Anderson’s presentation was “Building the Bovine Herd Health Plan” and he began by asking the question, “Why are you in the beef business?”

This is a question that we all need to ask ourselves from time to time.

Maybe we are in the Texas Longhorn business because we like horns and want to set a new record on their spread.

Are our management practices so bad that hides are the biggest value in our animals?

Hopefully we are at the other end of the spectrum by producing good quality beef.

Maybe we raise show cattle with the intent of covering our office

See CATTLE, Page 13

12

Photo by Robert Fears Vaccination is just one part of the animal health program. Vaccines are a necessary tool in disease prevention, but choosing the most effective and using them properly requires some study.

March 2019 — Issue II

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The Land & Livestock Post

News Cattle, from Page 12 walls with ribbons or our cattle serve as a backdrop for hosting corporate parties. We need to decide why we are in business and set our overall goals before attempting to develop a herd health plan.

A well-designed herd health plan is built around the five freedoms of welfare.

These principles are freedom from hunger and thirst; freedom from discomfort; freedom from pain, injury or disease; freedom from fear and distress; and freedom to express normal behavior.

The place to start in providing the five freedoms of welfare is to provide safe, functional, clean, convenient and complete facilities for livestock. This includes working pens, holding pastures and storage areas for drugs, feed, tools and equipment.

Photo by Robert Fears Practice good hygiene and keep feed and water clean.

Quality assurance, biosecurity, biocontainment

Consider quality assurance programs when developing a herd health plan. The Beef Quality Assurance program, organized and managed by the National Cattlemen’s Beef Association, provides thorough guidelines for the proper and humane care of beef cattle.

There are several types of USDA process verification programs that provide guidelines and certify that certain beef cattle production practices are completed. Certifications presented to buyers often result in higher market prices. Regulatory testing required by the Texas Animal Health Commission and

See BIOSECURITY, Page 14

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March 2019 — Issue II

13

News A Cowman’s Best Friend at Calving Time!

Now available with digital scale!

Safe Processing!

Practice biosecurity with good perimeter fences.

Biosecurity, from Page 13 USDA usually are enacted to prevent spread of livestock diseases. Include measures to comply with applicable regulatory testing in the herd health plan.

When a veterinarianclient-patient relationship is established, the veterinarian can issue appropriate health certificates, which also help ensure better market prices.

Most buyers are willing to pay more money when they are assured that animals have received the proper health care. Last, but not least, frequent and thorough observation of the herd is a form of quality assurance.

Serve as an advocate of quality assurance programs, not an adversary.

Biosecurity is an important part of a herd health plan because it provides protection to cattle from disease and harmful biological agents that could be transported onto the ranch from outside sources. The practice is much cheaper than treating sick animals.

14

Photo by Robert Fears

Biosecurity is “looking for breaks in the armor” or determining where or how harmful disease agents can enter the ranch. Use recommended tests on incoming animals to ensure they are pathogen free. With the aid of a VCPR, become a purest in cattle disease prevention.

While biosecurity encompasses methods to keep pathogens from entering the property, biocontainment is keeping disease from spreading if it is detected on the ranch. A biocontainment program should contain more than just putting your “finger in the dike.” Spread of the disease is more efficiently slowed by following a well-designed treatment protocol as part of the herd health plan. The protocol should designate at which point treatment is administered.

Decisions to treat may depend on the number of sick animals, disease severity, animal age and other factors. With the aid of a veteri-

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See HEALTH, Page 15

March 2019 — Issue II

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The Land & Livestock Post

News Health, from Page 14 narian, attempt to diagnose disease in an early stage and then take the necessary treatment steps listed in the protocol.

Vaccines

Vaccines are a necessary tool in disease prevention, but choosing the most effective and using them properly requires some study. There are 200-plus available vaccines and five USDA-approved levels of claims for each vaccine component. The five levels are prevention of infection, prevention of disease, aid in disease prevention, aid in disease control and other claims. Infection is the presence of pathogens in an animal that is not showing clinical signs of the disease.

Quality of the vaccine is important to consider before purchasing.

The cheapest one is not always the best one. Always look at the label to determine the duration of immunity and the necessary time period to develop protection between vaccination and disease onset. Remember that no vaccine is 100 percent effective and vaccines are part of the health program, not all of it.

Reasons for vaccine failure are numerous. Unsatisfactory protection can result from a vaccine not containing an antigen for the pathogen strain that’s infecting the animal or vaccine quality is inadequate. A satisfactory vaccine administrated in the proper way can fail due to treatment being administered after the animal already is incubating the disease. An animal may fail to respond to a vaccination because of variability in its genetics or it has prior passive immunization. For instance, a calf may acquire immunity

MARCH Mar. 1 • Express Ranch Angus Bull Sale, Yukon, OK Mar. 1 • Beefmaster Houston Futurity & Classic Sale, Houston, TX Mar. 1 • Houston Magic XIX Beefmaster Sale, Houston, TX Mar. 1 • Mid-Coast International Super Sale, Houston, TX Mar. 2 • Beefmaster Promotion Group International Sale, Houston, TX Mar. 2 • Foundation Angus Alliance Bull & Female Sale, Luling, TX Mar. 2 • W4 Hereford Ranch Spring Production Sale, Morgan, TX Mar. 2 • Genetic Edge Brangus Sale, Houston, TX Mar. 2 • Braford Cattle Sale, Houston, TX Mar. 2 • South Texas Cattle Marketing Replacement Female Sale, Nixon, TX Mar. 6 • Buffalo Livestock Pre-Conditioned Sale, Buffalo, TX Mar. 7 • Jordan Cattle Auction Stocker-Feeder & Premium Weaned Sale, San Saba, TX Mar. 8 • Double Creek Angus Bull Sale, Clifton, TX Mar. 9 • SE TX ICA 24th Annual Commercial Bull & Heifer Sale, Beaumont, TX Mar. 13 • R.A. Brown Ranch Spring Angus Bull Sale, Throckmorton, TX Mar. 14 • Jordan Cattle Auction Special Bull Offering Cattleman’s Kind, San Saba, TX Mar. 16 • Live Oak Beefmaster Breeders Spring Sale, Three Rivers, TX Mar. 21 • Jordan Cattle Auction Special Replacement Female Sale, San Saba, TX

from its dam’s colostrum.

The animal also may be immunosuppressed, which is suppression of the immune system and its ability to fight infection. This can occur due to previous exposure to the disease, inadequate nutrition, stress, and many other factors.

Unsatisfactory administration of a satisfactory vaccine can result from inadequate dose or death to a supposedly live vaccine. Live vaccine death usually is due to improper storage or handling. Common diseases prevented with vaccines are Clostridium, BDR, Lepto, Pastruella and scours.

Other parts of the health plan

The herd health plan should include treatment protocols for internal and external parasite control.

Write separate protocols for calves

and adults. Where appropriate, include testing for parasites.

Nutrition and health are related closely in their effects on animal production. When one is deficient, the other suffers. A nutrition plan should prescribe adequate amounts of feed, water, minerals and salt for each production stage. The plan should outline type and amount of needed animal shelter and a listing of animal hygiene measures. Hygiene examples are regular cleaning of troughs and proper disposal of urine and manure contaminated feed. Regular monitoring of body condition scores provides an evaluation of nutritional and animal health program success.

Accurate record keeping is necessary for successful execution of an animal health plan. Record dates of

See PLAN, Page 16

Mar. 23 • Bluebonnett Classic Santa Gertrudis Sale, Hallettsville, TX Mar. 23 • Emmons Ranch Beefmaster Bull Sale, Groesbeck, TX Mar. 28 • Jordan Cattle Auction Special Bull Offering Knox Brothers Bulls Sale, San Saba, TX APRIL Apr. 5-6 • Texas Brangus Breeders Assoc. Annual Convention & Spring Sale, Salado, TX Apr. 6 • Heart of Texas Replacement Female Sale, Groesbeck, TX Apr. 13 • Jordan Cattle Auction Best of the Best Replacement Female Sale, San Saba, TX Apr. 13 • Doguet’s Diamond D Brangus Spring Sale, Poteet, TX Apr. 13 • Collier Farms Beefmaster Advantage Sale, Giddings, TX Apr. 13 • Texas Shorthorn State Sale, West, TX Apr. 18 • Jordan Cattle Auction Special Bull Offering, San Saba, TX Apr. 20 • East Texas/Louisiana Beefmaster Sale, Crockett, TX Apr. 27 • Lone Star Angus Alliance Female Sale, Hallettsville, TX Apr. 27 • Springtime in Texas Beefmaster Sale, Brenham, TX Apr. 27 • Genetrust at Cavender’s Neches River Ranch Brangus Sale, Jacksonville, TX Apr. 28 • Beefmaster National E6 Commercial Female Sale, Columbus, TX

Do you have a sale or event you’d like listed? Call Jesse Wright (979) 731-4721 or email jesse.wright@theeagle.com

The Land & Livestock Post



March 2019 — Issue II

15

News Plan, from Page 15 when various treatments are administered and management practices initiated. In addition, record the brand, type, content and dose of drugs and vaccines. Production records such as birth dates and weights, weaning weights and calving percentages are part of the health plan and the overall production plan. Include process verification certificates and Beef Quality Assurance compliances in the herd health plan as well as DNA testing results.

To enable an accurate execution of a herd health plan, affix a permanent identification number to each animal. Commonly used methods of identifying cattle is with tattoos, fire brands, freeze brands or metal ear bands. Ear tags are the least desired method because they often become detached and are lost. Procedures, such as breeding sounding exams,

pregnancy testing, reproductive tract scoring and body condition score, are helpful in monitoring animal health.

All testing and surgeries should be described and recorded with execution dates in the health records.

Genetics also play a role in animal health. Calving ease, calf growth, lactation and reproduction parameters should receive special attention. Cattle should have the ability to adapt to the ranch environment and possess disease-resistant traits.

When writing a herd health plan, view the complete picture as described above. A good herd health plan is not just about vaccines. It involves the entire spectrum of good animal husbandry practices.

Remember that healthy animals equal less disease which equals more beef resulting in more money for the producer’s pocket.

See you at the Cattle Raisers Convention.

s urrent Ag new c st o m e th r fo Searching ail inbox?

-m e r u yo to t h rig delivered Livestock Post & d n La e th r fo p Sign u etter electronic newsl

To sign up, vis it

landandlives tockpost.com

Live Oak Livestock Auction, Inc. Special Replacement Female Sale Tomato culture workshop set Saturday, April 13th, 2019

12:00 Noon

By Laura Muntean Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service

SOMERVILLE — The Texas A&M University department of horticulture will host a tomato culture workshop from 9 a.m.noon on March 18 at the Texas A&M University Horticulture Teaching Research and Extension Center, 3199 County Road 269 in Somerville.

The free workshop will cover production practices and nutrition, disease and pest management, quality control, new cultivars and breeding.

Speakers include: • Kevin Crosby, associate pro-

16

Expecting 1000+ Replacement Females

Hwy 281 between George West and Three Rivers

Special to The Post fessor in the department of horticulture sciences, College Station.

For more information Visit our website

See Market, Page 21

Or call Riley Rhodes – O: 361-786-2553 M: 361-813-6650

www.liveoaklivestock.com March 2019 — Issue II



The Land & Livestock Post

News New science shows benefits of grazing native warm-season grasses

By Justin Fritscher U.S. Department of Agriculture

When it comes to keeping cows fat and happy, the newest available science shows integrating native grasses into grazing lands is a good option for agricultural producers.

A literature review conducted by the University of Tennessee and funded by the U.S. Department of Agriculture found strong evidence that using native warmseason grasses caused steers to gain more weight per day and yield more beef per acre, compared with non-native grasses such as tall fescue.

USDA photo The northern bobwhite is one of many species that benefits from grazing operations with warm-season grasses that are native to the region.

Native versus non-native grasses

sources Conservation Service, titled “Economic and Production Performance of Grazing Native Grasses in the Fescue Belt,” highlighted how native warm-season grasses provide quality forage for livestock.

For example, average daily growth for steers grazing switchgrass during the summer was 66 percent greater than steers grazing tall fescue and bermudagrass, both non-natives.

Additionally, the report highlighted how steers performed in different types of pastures.

Steers grazing: • Eastern gamma — gained 1.91 pounds per day with a total beef yield of 671 pounds per acre; • Switchgrass — gained 2 pounds per day with a total beef yield of 749 pounds per acre;

Native grasses such as switchgrass, big bluestem, Eastern gamma, and Indiangrass are heat- and drought-tolerant.

They’re native to the eastern United States, and they’re good alternatives to introduced grasses such as tall fescue and bermudagrass.

Tall fescue grows slowly over the summer. It can be infected by an endophyte that is toxic to cattle and reduces growth and reproductive success. One potential solution to this “summer slump” in quality forage is augmenting grazing systems to include native warm-season grasses.

Key findings

The latest Science to Solutions report from USDA’s Natural Re-

See GRASSES, Page 18

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The Land & Livestock Post



March 2019 — Issue II

17

News Grasses, from Page 18 • Big bluestem — gained 2.38 pounds per day with a total beef yield of 653 pounds per acre; and • Combination of tall fescue and bermudagrass — gained 1.6 pounds per day with total beef yield of 513 pounds per acre.

The report also has information on expected beef yield and net returns as well as the costs of grazing cattle on native warmseason grass.

The report highlighted that while producers need to make an investment to establish native grasses, the initial savings of a system with annuals was offset by the management costs of machinery and fertilizers.

“The science has continued to show that natives have a lower cost of production in the longrun,” said Chris Boyer, an associate professor with the University of Tennessee’s department of agricultural and resource economics.

Wildlife benefits

Native warm-season grasses also provide critical habitat for

wildlife as they provide food and cover for northern bobwhite quail and other ground-nesting birds.

The bobwhite has seen its population dip by more than 80 percent across large sections of its range during the past 60 years.

“By using warm-season grasses, producers can increase grazing days, reduce their reliance on more costly hay and feed, improve tall fescue pastures by letting them rest during the summer — all while helping wildlife species,” said Bridgett Costanzo, with Natural Resource Conservation Service’s Working Lands for Wildlife partnership.

NRCS assistance

The Natural Resource Conservation Service provides technical and financial assistance to help producers integrate native warm-season grasses into their grazing systems.

The Environmental Quality Incentives Program and other Farm Bill programs help producers cover part of the costs for implementing conservation

USDA photo Native grass pastures, such as this switchgrass, provide good summer forage as well as suitable cover for species such as northern bobwhite. practices like prescribed grazing, The Natural Resource Conser- on a continuous basis. brush management, biomass and vation Service accepts applicaforage planting, and fencing. tions for conservation programs See Market, Page 13

Spring Cattle Sale Saturday, March 23, 2019 • SALE 12 NOON Brazos Valley Livestock Brazos Valley Livestock Commission, Inc. Commission, Inc.

Sales: Tuesdays @ 12 Noon 6097 East Hwy. 21 • Bryan, TX

18

(979) 778-0904

COWS • HEIFERS • BULLS BREDS • PAIRS • OPEN CATTLE FEMALES REQUIRED TO BE 6YRS OR YOUNGER

For more information: Four County Auction 979–357-2545 or call Don Dreyer 979-830-3959

www.fourcountylivestock.com

HIGHWAY 159 & FM 2754 • P.O. DRAWER 319 • INDUSTRY, TEXAS 78944-0319

SALE EVERY TUESDAY - 12 NOON • Café will be open Thursday, Friday & Sale Day

March 2019 — Issue II



The Land & Livestock Post

News Report, from Page 11 or the motivation and interest needed to sustain family operations, Lopez noted.

According to the Texas Land Trust Council, conservation easements have been an effective tool used by land trusts, government agencies and conservation groups to protect approximately one million acres of private land in Texas. It offers a voluntary alternative to assist private landowners in keeping their lands intact while promoting good stewardship and land management practices.

Lopez said the institute, in collaboration with the council and Texas Agricultural Land Trust, incorporated several datasets — including those from the Texas Comptroller and U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Census of Agriculture — and developed a framework for evaluating the conservation value of lands cur-

rently protected under conservation easements. Results of these evaluations can be found online in the Texas Land Trends report “Conservation Easements in Texas,” at tinyurl.com/ConservationEasements.

“We were able to assess the value of all conservation easement acres in Texas within three broad categories of ecosystem services — agricultural production, water and wildlife — to illustrate the value of the natural goods, services and benefits conservation easements provide,” Lopez said.

Lopez said Texas has approximately 248,000 farm and ranch operations accounting for more than 142 million acres of land use.

“In 2017, these agricultural operations generated about $23 billion in cash receipts and are reported to contribute over $100 billion annually to the food and fiber sector,” he said. “And agricultural employment also plays

See STEWARDS, Page 20

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The Land & Livestock Post



March 2019 — Issue II

ATS Irrigation, Inc. 2509 Hwy. 105 East Brenham, TX 77833 (800) 656-2197 www.atsirrigation.com

Ask for T. Saunders #1 PR Salesman in TX

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News Stewards, from Page 19 an important role in the state’s labor force.”

Lopez said using Texas Comptroller land productivity data, which captures the value of the land based solely on its ability to produce commodities, conservation easements in Texas potentially can provide more than $63.1 million in agricultural commodities annually.

He said another value of conservation easements to the state is in protecting land-water contributions for current and future water supplies.

“According to the latest Texas State Water Plan, the state will have a nearly 9 million acre-feet water deficit by 2070,” he said.

“Conserving undeveloped, permeable working lands can help mitigate both issues by capturing rainfall, reducing water runoff, and increasing groundwater recharge. And by conserving vital floodplains, we can also reduce

the risk of flooding.”

Lopez said a Natural Resources Institute study concluded conservation easements are six times more efficient than nonland conservation strategies. In Texas, these have the potential to capture over 980,000 acre-feet of water annually, representing a $207 million water replacement

cost savings per year.

He noted wildlife also plays an important role in both the state’s economy and ecological well-being, and many landowners now are managing their lands to benefit wildlife.

“Texas Land Trends data shows wildlife management on Texas working lands has in-

Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service photo The use of conservation easements could bring more than $5.8 million per year in wildlife value. creased by over 5.6 million acres in the 2016 National Survey of since 1997,” Lopez said. “The interest in wildlife is also reflected See LAND, Page 23

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March 2019 — Issue II



The Land & Livestock Post

News LIVESTOCK MARKET REPORT Anderson

Results of the Mid-Tex Livestock Market’s Feb. 28 sale.

Head: 367.

Steers: 200-300 lbs., $150-$206; 300-400 lbs., $160-$200; 400-500 lbs., $135-$195; 500-600 lbs., $115-$170; 600-700 lbs., $125$165; 700-800 lbs., $120-$130.

Heifers: 200-300 lbs., $120$190; 300-400 lbs., $150-$190; 400-500 lbs., $130-$175; 500-600 lbs.,$125-$168; 600-700 lbs.,$115$140; 700-800 lbs.,$100-$125.

Slaughter bulls: $60-$88.

Slaughter cows: $30-$68.

Bred cows: $450-$1,000.

Cow/calf pairs: $800-$1,100

Brazos Valley

Results of the Brazos Valley Livestock’s Feb. 26 sale.

Head: 616 .

Steers: 200-300 lbs., $175-$210; 300-400 lbs., $170-$200; 400-500 lbs., $160-$195; 500-600 lbs., $140-$165; 600-700 lbs., $130$155; 700-800 lbs., $131-$135.

Heifers: 200-300 lbs., $145$180; 300-400 lbs., $140-$167; 400-500 lbs., $138-$160; 500-600

lbs.,$130-$150; 600-700 lbs.,$118$134; 700-800 lbs.,$115-$121.

Slaughter bulls: $70-$89.50 Slaughter cows: $44-$67.50.

Bred cows: $750-$1,260.

Cow/calf pairs : $1,025-$1,275.

Buffalo

ResultsoftheBuffalo LivestockCommission’s Feb. 23 sale.

Head: 541.

Steers: 200-300 lbs., $140-$204; 300-400 lbs., $135-$186; 400-500 lbs., $130-$186; 500-600 lbs., $125-$178; 600-700 lbs., $120$165; 700-800 lbs., $110-$134.

Heifers: 200-300 lbs., $125$185; 300-400 lbs., $120-$210; 400-500 lbs., $110-$177; 500-600 lbs., $95-$155; 600-700 lbs.,$95$148; 700-800 lbs.,$85-$130.

Slaughter bulls: $57-$86.

Slaughter cows: $15-$64.

Bred cows: $750-$1,250.

Cow/calf pairs: $1,150-$1,300

300-400 lbs., $175-$202; 400-500 lbs., $166-$195; 500-600 lbs., $151-$176; 600-700 lbs., $140$153; 700-800 lbs., $120-$136.

Heifers: 200-300 lbs., $160$210; 300-400 lbs., $164-$300; 400-500 lbs., $156-$230; 500600 lbs., $140-$180; 600-700 lbs., $125-$152; 700-800 lbs., $116-$125 Slaughter bulls: $74-$87.

Slaughter cows: $34-$72.

Bred cows: $500-$1,275.

Cow/calf pairs: $1,000-$1,150.

Groesbeck

Results of the Groesbeck Auction and Livestock Company’s Feb. 28 sale.

Head: 238.

Steers: 300-400 lbs., $165$215; 400-500 lbs., $140-$185; 500-600 lbs., $130-$175; 600-700 lbs., $125-$168;

Heifers: 300-400 lbs., $165$210; 400-500 lbs., $130-$175; 500-600 lbs., $120-$155; 600-700 lbs., $110-$145.

Slaughter bulls: $75-$89.

Slaughter cows: $30-$72.

Bred cows: $800-$1,500.

Cow/calf pairs: N/A

Jordan

Results of the Jordan Cattle Auction’s Feb. 28 sale.

Head: 4,069.

Steers: 200-300 lbs., $180-$210; 300-400 lbs., $180-$210; 400-500 lbs., $170-$192; 500-600 lbs., $155-$180; 600-700 lbs., $140$167; 700-800 lbs., $125-$144.

Heifers: 200-300 lbs., $150$186; 300-400 lbs., $150-$175; 400-500 lbs., $140-$169; 500600 lbs., $130-$155; 600-700 lbs., $120-$145; 700-800 lbs., $108-$125.

Slaughter bulls: $65-$90.50.

Slaughter cows: $45-$69.

Bred cows: $700-$1,925 Cow/calf pairs: $950-$2,600.

Navasota

Results of the Navasota Livestock Commission’s Feb. 16 sale.

Head: 1,486.

Steers: 200-300 lbs., $125-$225; 300-400 lbs., $125-$222.50; 400500 lbs., $125-$200; 500-600 lbs., $120-$187; 600-700 lbs., $115$165.

Heifers: 200-300 lbs., $125$210; 300-400 lbs., $125-$172.50; 400-500 lbs., $125-$162; 500-600 lbs., $120-$150; 600-700 lbs., $115-$136.

Slaughter bulls: $50-$89.

Slaughter cows: $25-$62.50.

Bred cows: $400-$975.

Cow/calf pairs: $800-$1,000 — Special to The Post

Caldwell

Results of the Caldwell Livestock Commission’s Feb. 27 sale.

Head: 661.

Steers: 200-300 lbs., $177-$212;

TOMATOES, from Page 16 Published by Bryan-College Station Communications, Inc. (979) 776-4444 or (800) 299-7355

President - Crystal Dupré .....................................................Ext. 4613 Publisher and Editor- Darren Benson ....................................Ext. 4653 Advertising Manager - Linda Brinkman ................................ Ext. 4740 Advertising Sales/General Manager - Jesse Wright ...............Ext. 4721 Finance Director - Kathy Brewer...........................................Ext. 4605 Production Director - Jerry Buck...........................................Ext. 4671 Circulation Director - Greg Parker ........................................Ext. 4752

Published by Bryan-College Station Communications, Inc., P.O. Box 3000, Bryan,Texas 77805.

E-mail: thepost@theeagle.com All offices are located at 1729 Briarcrest Drive Bryan,Texas 77802.

POSTMASTER: Send address changes to The Eagle, P.O. Box 3000, Bryan,Texas 77805-3000 The Post is printed in part on recycled paper and is fully recyclable.

• Thomas Isakeit, Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service plant pathologist, College Station.

• Carlos Avila, Texas A&M AgriLife Research associate, Weslaco.

• Bhimu Patil, director of the Vegetable and Fruit Improvement Center, College Station.

“Those attending should expect to receive information covering all aspects of tomato cultivation for Texas growers,” Crosby said.

“Focuses will be on pest and disease control, cultivar selection, fertility and quality management, and protected culture strategies.”

Free tomato plants of Texas A&M-developed cultivars will be available for attendees as well as hands-on training for those interested in grafting and producing hybrid seed by hand pollinations.

The Land & Livestock Post



for sale

Charolais & Brangus bulls & females

March 2019 — Issue II

Scott Milligan - Manager

806.683.6435

39606 FM 1736 West • Hempstead

scottm@rioranchtx.com

Raul Montez • 832.331.6800

21

Bulls

To advertise contact: Jesse Wright 979.731.4721 or jesse.wright@theeagle.com SPILLMAN & SONS RANCH Tommy and Ruth Spillman Registered Line One Herefords BULLS FOR SALE Ranch phone- 903-626-5785 Tommy Spillman (cell) 979-331-8660

Cattle & Domestic Hog Processing Theiss Sausage Company

Ranch located 2 1/2 miles northwest of Jewett, TX on CR 336

Angus ChArolAis hereford sim/Angus

A large selection of two year olds, performance records, range raised and range ready, fertility tested, all virgin. Quality to compare anywhere!

Solid Rock Ranch

Green Meadows

3 year old bulls.

One breeding season guarantee.

Registered Angus

Angus Bulls

AI Sires: Basin Payweight 1682, Connealy Thunder, Connealy Packer 547, C C A Emblazon 702, Koupal Advance 28 and Cole Creek Cedar Ridge 1V.

Matt Jones. Franklin, TX. 979.777.7571 www.solidrockranch.com

RANCH

BULLS • Heifers Breeding Bulls Madisonville, TX

936-349-1955

PAt griswold CAttle Co Goldthwaite, Texas Mobile: 817.946.8320

Normangee, TX 936-396-9300

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Cleere Earthworks L.L.C.

All types of structurAl steel & pipe Steel Buildings

Texas a&M Class of ‘02

Land Clearing • Ponds • Roads • Pads Dozer • Excavator • Scraper • Dump Truck

979-324-8746

Buddy Micklitz

Travis Cleere www.cleereearthworks.com

Custom Cattle Feed grower Feed 12% Feedlot grower

$6.75 bag • $270 ton Ben Hoffart – 936.395.0051 22125 FM 2620 bedias, tX 77831 HoffartCustomFeed@gmail.com

Farmers market Farm suPPliEs

Agricultural

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979.776.2697

Happy Jack® Vita-Tabs® formulated to restore nutrients stripped by worming.

Micash Ranch & Feed (www.kennelvax.com

HOG TRAPS

HOrsEs-CaTTlE ANGUS BULLS: 3 year old bulls. Solid Rock Ranch, Matt Jones, Franklin, TX. 979-777-7571 www.solidrockranch.com CHAROLAIS A+ BULLS: Reg Top Qualilty, Gentle, Polled, Tested. LBW, Fancy Charolais Heifers. Ranch Bred & Raised.

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Specializing in Commercial Deer Exotics Ranch Fencing, Barns, Project Design, Game Fence, Welding, Stalls, Selective Brush Clearing, Commercial Chain Link, Custom Projects

Angus & BrAngus

Bull For sAle

Charolais Bulls, Heifers, and Cows Available!

9995 County Road 353  Gause, TX 77857

Dr. Roy W Hann Jr.  (979) 255 - 5709 Tyson Hann  (979) 324 - 6659

Steve Schultz • 979-218-8680 Charles Schultz • 979-219-0930

tyson@svrtx.com

Celebrating 20+ years of Registered Charolais

HOrsEs-CaTTlE

liVEsTOCK WaNTED

Large with 2 doors that drop simultaneously, Sturdy, Delivery & set up avail, $500; small traps also avail, 435-749-1299

Karl (Buddy) Micklitz Jr. Bryan, TX micklitz@verizon.net (C) 979.218.8674 (H) 979.779.0420

Bryan Credit Office 3000 Briarcrest Ste 101 979.775.0404 | 877.775.0404 CapitalFarm Credit.com

979-589-2333 1-866-959-2333 pioneerboys.com

Jordan Trailer Sales

San Saba, TX “Authorized Dealer” • A Large Selection of Trailers in Stock • Custom Ordering Avail.

Call (325) 372-5159 www.jordancattle.com

The most up to date local news you will find.

PasTurEs-sTalls PASTURE LEASE(S) Needed, Matt Jones, Franklin, Tx 979-777-7571 www.solidrockranch.com

March 2019 — Issue II



The Land & Livestock Post

News Land, from Page 20 Fishing, Hunting, and WildlifeAssociated Recreation, showing about 104 million Americans are involved in some type of passive or active wildlife-related recreation,” He said the Natural Resources Institute’s analysis suggests that conservation easements in Texas have the potential to provide approximately $5.8 million in total wildlife value annually.

Lopez said more than 88 percent of conservation easements in the state were executed in the

sotA Livestock A v A n Auction co.

Hwy 90 (toward Anderson) & FM 3455

Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service photo Texas has more than 142 million acres of land devoted to agricultural production. past two decades, indicating an increasing interest and willingness among private landowners to use conservation easements.

“We have also had a positive response from landowners to our surveys related to their land management needs, which also shows us there are opportunities to expand the use of conservation easements in Texas, but the financial incentive to do so isn’t where it needs to be,” he said. “While data support the viability of conservation easements as a tool to conserve land and resources, in Texas funding from state and federal sources to purchase conservation easements has been limited, and this has restricted its use as an effective conservation tool.”

You can’t e the delicious taste of g a l f u camo

15TH ANNUAL SpriNg FEMALE & BULL rEpLACEMENT SALE

Saturday, April 6th • 10:00 a.m.

All Livestock must be received no later than Wednesday, April 3 at 5:00 p.m.

ExpECTiNg 500+

pairs, Bred Cows, Bred Heifers and open Heifers

ExpECTiNg 50+

PaPa Jack’s sausage

present this ad for 5LBS of free Pork Sausage with the processing of any steer or pig from any livestock show

Angus, Charolais, Hereford, Brangus and Brahman Bulls ALL consiGnMents WiLL be scReened upon ARRivAL All bulls must have a current trich and a current fertility test prior to arrival.

ACCEpTiNg AddiTioNAL CoNSigNMENTS

For information, call 936-825-6545 or Greg Goudeau 936-661-8432 For a Free Weekly Market Report Log on to www.navasotalivestock.com

The Land & Livestock Post



335 Crossroads Madisonville, TX

March 2019 — Issue II

ExPirES 7/1/2019

23

f Texas o t r a e H Special Replacement Female Sale

Saturday, April 6, 2019 • 12 Noon

Groesbeck Auction & Livestock Co., Groesbeck, TX (Located 2 miles east of Groesbeck on Hwy. 164)

1,400 HEAD of Quality Replacement Females including Pairs, Bred Cows, Bred & Open Heifers, Certified F1s, True F1s, Brangus, Herford, Brahman and other premium quality replacements.

MOTEL ACCOMMODATIONS: Groesbeck Quality Inn & Suites, 254/729-0077 Days Inn & Suites, 254/729-3335 Express Inn & Suites, 254/729-3017 Mexia Comfort Inn, 254/562-0005

This is a very choice set of replacement cattle cosigned by leading commercial ranches throughout Texas.

Cattle will be palpated and sold in uniformly sorted groups to fit any cattleman’s needs.

Sale cattle listings available online Thursday, March 28 at JohnsonCattleMarketing.com

Sale managed by

Tom Johnson 440 FM 246 • Wortham, Texas 76693 (903) 599-2403 • Mobile (817) 291-5121 johnsoncattlemarketing@gmail.com

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March 2019 — Issue II

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The Land & Livestock Post