Land and Livestock Post

May May2016 2016——Issue Issue11

Good enough?

How to determine if you need new haying equipment PAGE 12

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JAMES THOMPSON STICK IT TO ’EM

JAMES THOMPSON HIGH-TECH LEARNING

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Straight from Grass-fed beefthe conference horse's mouth. set for May 26-27 .

Straightshould Where from the youhorse's innoculate mouth. your cattle?

Straight Food growers from the should horse's use mouth. strategic planning.

Straightnow Videos fromonline the horse's to helpmouth. producers.

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May 2016 — Issue 1

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The Land & Livestock Post

News From the General Manager

I

want a helicopter. It’s one of those things that I never knew I wanted — until I found out I could buy one. Recently, at the Texas & Southwestern Cattle Raisers Association trade show, there was a booth selling helicopters — actually, I believe, they were called gyro copters.

They weren’t cheap, but they had one model that was less expensive than the Ford F-350 a few booths over. JESSE WRIGHT I know that is not saying much since a new Ford F-350 costs about as much as my first house did. But I’m sure, like Ford, the gyro copter folks would be willing to finance at a reasonable rate, making a flying machine affordable to your average working man.

In my mind, I can see myself laughing maniacally as I soar over traffic. City rooftops would be my new parking lots, and the Airwolf theme song would become the sound track of my life.

But, then I realized that these copters were, in fact, being marketing to ranchers and I quickly felt a cold pit in my stomach. I usually am not one to say whether someone should do something or not. I try to mind my own business. But, in my opinion, letting the ranchers of the world take to the skies is asking for trouble. Just go to any feed store and take a look at the pickups waiting for feed.

Some of those vehicles are 75 percent baling wire.

Some may argue that you aren’t going to be flying the helicopter through the cows as you would drive a truck, so the wear and tear would not be comparable. This may be true, but I know for a fact that there are parts of tractors that cattle seem to find delicious, mainly wires and such. You’re going to have to park that chopper eventually, and I’m just going to bet that it has its fair share of wires.

All that being said, they are pretty cool. I would ask if any of my readers buys one that he or she take me for a spin— but I think I might chicken out. I once went up in a scissor lift and almost lost my lunch.

If, like me, you prefer to stay a little closer to the ground, but still want to be a consumer, then this is the issue for you.

In this issue we talk about hay equipment and what you should consider before making a purchase. We also have news about upcoming events and training as well as news and information from around the agriculture industry.

Hope you enjoy it, and as always, thanks for reading. ’Til next time,

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• For more information about content or advertising,contact Jesse Wright at jesse.wright@theeagle.com.

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May 2016 — Issue 1

www.hudsonlivestock.com Email: hudliv@aol.com 8150 Thompson Road Miles, Texas 76861

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News Grass-fed beef conference scheduled May 26-27 in College Station hear first-hand about grass-fed beef production practices from a producer, and possibly take home some of the methods they learn and apply to their own operation.

“We are also excited to have Hawley Poinsett, senior nutrition manager with the Texas Beef Council, to share nutrition concepts and strategies.”

Forage sustainability also will be another topic discussed in-depth at the conference, Machen said.

“As always, a significant emphasis in this year’s conference will be the importance of a sustainable forage supply in both quantity and quality, perhaps the most difficult part of a grass-fed beef production system.”

Topics and speakers the first day of the conference include: • A view of the U.S. Beef In-

dustry from 30,000 feet, Ron Gill, AgriLife Extension beef cattle specialist.

• Growing Forages for Grassfed Beef, Dr. Monte Rouquette, Texas A&M AgriLife Research forage specialist, Overton.

• Your Check-off Dollars at Work, Russell Woodward, Texas Beef Council executive director, Austin.

• Defining Natural, Grass-fed and Organic Production Systems, Machen.

• Cattle Best Suited for Grassfed Beef, Stephen Hammack, AgriLife Extension beef cattle specialist, Stephenville.

• Preventive Herd Health Management, Joe Paschal, AgriLife Extension beef cattle specialist, Corpus Christi.

• Adding Grass Finishing to a Cow/Calf Enterprise, Van Tassell.

Topics and speakers the second day of the conference includes: • Fabrication from Carcass to Retail Cuts, Davey Griffin and Dan Hale, AgriLife Extension meats specialists, College Station.

• The Tale of Two Beefs, Hawley, senior nutrition manager, Texas Beef Council.

There also will be a producer panel on producing and marketing grass-fed beef. Panelists will be Sam Keller, Hillside Beef, Fredricksburg; Van Tassell; and Cody Marburger and Nichole Francis, Nolan Ryan Beef, Huntsville.

Registration is $250 through May 17 and $300 after. To register online, visit agriliferegister. tamu.edu/ and enter keyword “grassfed”. For more information on SARE, go to www.sare. org/.

Improve your herd’s productivity

DA L N I T M A R H OW S DS FEE

Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service photo by Blair Fannin

Davey Griffin,Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service meats specialist, will discuss Fabrication from Carcass to Retail Cuts at the grass-fed beef conference May 26-27 in College Station.

By Blair Fannin Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service

Wi t h c o n s u m e r i n t e re s t heightening about where our food comes from, grass-fed beef producers will have the opportunity to learn more about marketing opportunities and production trends during a May 26-27 conference in College Station.

The conference will cover a broad range of important topics pertaining to grass-fed beef production and is open to both beef producers and consumers.

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Rick Machen, Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service livestock specialist in Uvalde, said producers can learn about all aspects of grass-fed beef production techniques at the conference, which will be held at the Rosenthal Meat Science Building, 488 Olsen Blvd. on the Texas A&M University campus.

“One of the highlights will be hearing from Jason Van Tassell with Paniolo Cattle Co., Parker Ranch in Hawaii,” Machen said.

“This will be a great opportunity for conference participants to

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May 2016 — Issue 1

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The Land & Livestock Post

News Producers should protect their cattle as fly season accelerates

By AdAm Russell Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service

OVERTON — Springtime conditions are increasing fly activity and cattle producers should take steps to protect animals and reduce losses, said Jason Banta, Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service beef cattle specialist at Overton.

Horn flies, stable flies and house flies are the most common fly pests in Texas.

Flies may be viewed by some as nothing more than a nuisance to their animals but they also cost cattle producers statewide hundreds of millions of dollars each year.

Banta said ranchers should be particularly wary of horn and stable flies. The economic impact of the two species can cost a rancher more than $10 per calf in a 100-day period.

Those species feed on livestock’s blood and can stunt sucking calves’ weight gain by a pound every 10 days — and stocker calves and replacement heifers’ by a pound every five days, Banta said. In a business

Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service photo by Jason Banta

Horn flies gather on the back of a Brahman cow at the North Farm at the Texas AgriLife Extension and Research Center in Overton. where every pound counts, especially in today’s historically high market, ranchers should take steps to reduce fly breeding grounds or use treatment options to reduce pest populations, he said.

Avoiding those costs could be as easy as cleaning stables and pasture maintenance or treatments, such as insecticide ear tags and feed additives. Ranchers have to decide what options are most cost effective and best fit their management style when addressing fly problems, Banta said.

Banta said horn flies are active now and that stable fly activity is being reported in some areas of the state.

Horn flies are the most detrimental to producers because they are active for a

See FLIES, Page 9

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May 2016 — Issue 1

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News Texas Parks and Wildlife adds ‘doe days’ for hunters

By Jake Walker jake.walker@theeagle.com

The Texas Parks and Wildlife Department has announced some changes to deer hunting regulations for next season, including adding an opportunity for hunters to harvest some doe without a permit in several Brazos Valley counties.

The leader of the whitetail deer program added that hunters can expect an “exceptional” season come November.

The department added four “doe days” in Burleson and Milam counties, allowing hunters to take doe and antlerless deer without a permit during a certain time period, usually around Thanksgiving weekend.

The harvest of antlerless deer in these counties previously was permitted only by a special permit or during archery-only or muzzleloader-only seasons, usually because wildlife management experts were concerned with the male-to-female deer ratios in the areas.

When hunting by permit doesn’t regulate the population, the state opens up more opportunities for harvesting antlerless

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deer.

“Doe days are meant to allow flexibility for hunters,” said Alan Cain, whitetail deer program leader for the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department. “As the [deer] population grows and the sex ratio gets out of whack, we will open up doe days to help address some of those problems.”

The Texas Parks and Wildlife Department increased doe days from four to 16 in Brazos, Grimes, Leon, Madison and Robertson counties.

A muzzleloader-only late season also was added in Brazos, Burleson, Grimes, Leon, Madison, Milam and Robertson counties.

Cain emphasized the importance of checking the regulations in the Outdoor Annual before getting in the blind. Regulations can vary by county, so it’s important to know and understand the limits and antler restrictions. As always, a hunting license is required of any person, regardless of age, who hunts any animal, bird, frog or turtle in the state.

A license is not required to hunt feral hogs or coyotes bothering

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May 2016 — Issue 1

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The Land & Livestock Post

News

AgriLife Communications photo by Rod Santa Ana

Billions of pounds of fruits and vegetables would have to be imported if Texans were to follow recommended consumption of fruits and vegetables, according to Luis Ribera, an AgriLife Extension ag economist in College Station.

Meeting demand for fruits, veggies

By ROD SANTA ANA Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service

If Texans suddenly were to begin consuming recommended

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May 2016 — Issue 1

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News Deer, from Page 6 other animals.

He said if you have any questions about the regulations, call the local game wardens.

“They’re there to help folks,” Cain said.

When deer season comes around in November, Cain said the hunting will be great — exceptional, even — in most of the state.

He said the antler quality should be above average thanks to plenty of forage brought by spring rains, and that there will

Photo by Ben Tedrick

The Texas Parks and Wildlife Department has announced some changes to deer hunting regulations for the upcoming season, including adding an opportunity for hunters to harvest some doe without a permit in several Brazos Valley counties. be a fair number of 3- or 4-yearold bucks relative to the rest of the population.

“The deer have a good foundation to grow antlers ... and the doe will have a good foundation to raise healthy fawns,” he said.

His only concerns are the portions of East Texas recovering from excessive flooding. He said the rains flooded out a lot of river bottoms that made for good deer habitat. For people hunting in those areas, he said they may see more deer than usual, but that’s because the deer were displaced by the floods — not because the population increased.

He said for hunters to be respectful and cognizant of their harvest in those areas.

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The Land & Livestock Post

News Flies, from Page 5 longer period of time throughout the year, Banta said. But the species may be the easiest for producers to address because they only leave the cow to lay eggs in manure patties.

Horn fly activity is increasing and will peak in late spring, Banta said. Numbers generally wane in the summer and peak again in the fall. He said ranchers should expect to see numbers increase over the next six weeks.

Horn flies, like all three of the species, can be identified most easily by their location on the animal. Horn flies typically swarm on the back of cattle or migrate to the sides and belly for shade and protection from the wind.

The historic cost threshold for horn flies is 200-250 flies per animal.

“However, the price of cattle justifies treatments to lower (fly) numbers,” Banta said.

Producers have several options to treat horn flies.

Banta said fly tags deliver insecticides over a longer period of time as the animal grooms and may last three to four months.

Topical applications like pourons and sprays are also effective but don’t last as long, he said.

The product and method is up to the rancher as long as producers are using insecticides with effective active ingredients, Banta said. Producers should use products that include cyhalothrin, cyfluthrin, permethrin cypermethrin in pyrethroids, and methoprene and diflubenzuron in insect growth regulators.

Organophosphates should have phosmet, diazinon, coumaphos, tetrachlorvinphos, pirimiphos-methyl, dichlorvos or chlorpyrifos in them.

Flies build up a resistance to insecticides so producers should also rotate the chemicals they use, Banta said.

“Use the method that works for you but rotate the chemical classes to fight resistance,” Banta said. “I recommend switching up every year.”

Producers also can utilize mineral supplements or molasses tubs with the active ingredient methoprene, he said. The minerals are consumed and treat manure patties to prevent eggs from hatching. Banta recommends year-round use of methoprene-containing mineral supplements or tubs for ranchers who incorporate those products already.

Stable flies pose the same threat to producers but are a different challenge to address.

When ranchers see cattle bunching up together in a pasture during the spring, it’s a likely sign of stable flies, Banta said.

Banta said stable flies are most active around stables, pens and youth projects, but have shown the ability to expand their environment.

In 2012, stable fly numbers in pasture environments increased significantly due to piles of unconsumed poor-quality hay being left in pastures, he said.

Small piles of hay created perfect breeding grounds for stable flies when combined with moisture and manure.

Cleanliness goes a long way to address stable flies, Banta said, whether it be regular cleaning of stables or spreading out piles of old hay in a pasture to allow it to dry.

“The best way to deal with stable flies is to manage possible breeding sites,” he said.

Insecticides or biological options, such as parasitic wasps, can be utilized to address stable flies because they are most prominent in concentrated areas. But treating stable flies with insecticides in an open pasture can be a challenge because they leave animals frequently and gather around the legs, Banta said.

Dimilin 2L, which can be used to combat young grasshoppers, also is effective against stable flies, Banta said.

So if producers need to spray for young grasshoppers they can use Dimilin to help reduce stable fly numbers. Additionally, spot-spraying old hay sites with Dimilin can be effective, he said.

The Land & Livestock Post

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300,000-acre increase in corn expected

By Blair Fannin Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service

Texas is projected to see an increase of 300,000 acres of corn planted for 2016 following a recent U.S. Department of Agriculture expected plantings report, which confirmed a broad-scale increase in corn acreage across the nation.

Significant shifts have been seen on the western edge of the Corn Belt from North Dakota to Texas as corn acres are projected to be up 2.25 million acres, said Mark Welch, Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service grain marketing economist, College Station.

Texas is projected to plant 2.6 million acres of corn in 2016 compared to 2.3 million acres in 2015. The 300,000-acre increase is attributed to wet conditions during the fall, which prohibited farmers in the Central Texas Blacklands region and along the Interstate 35 corridor from planting wheat, Welch said.

“That left many farmers leaning towards corn since the moisture was favorable and corn budgets looked better versus other commodities,” Welch said.

The threat of the sugarcane aphid has left some Texas farmers to opt for corn with already record-high sorghum yields booked in 2015.

In his recent Feed Grain Outlook report, Welch said the USDA’s expected plantings report “if realized and yields are at or near trend line, corn supplies could reach 16 billion bushels and carry over 2.3 billion bushels.”

Other grains will see fewer planted acres, Welch noted. U.S. wheat acres are projected to be down 5 million acres compared to 2015 and sorghum down 1.2 million acres.

“We were already expecting more corn acres to be planted this year and the USDA report confirmed it,” he said.

Though corn prices have fallen due to U.S. farmers’ intentions to

May 2016 — Issue 1

Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service photo by Blair Fannin

A Burleson County farmer plants corn. Texas is projected to plant 2.6 million acres of corn in 2016 compared to 2.3 million acres in 2015. plant more corn, farmers can offset that revenue loss with more volume, Welch said.

“If a farmer feels that they’ve got the moisture and there’s favorable chances for moisture to continue through the growing season, they can make more bushels to make up for the lower price.”

Another factor is the financial capacity of some farming operations. Welch said for producers carrying over large debt from the previous year, a big question is will they have enough capital needed to plant a new crop?

“If not, will there be someone else to come in and pick up the land (in time before the planting window closes)?” Welch said.

Low commodity prices and increased loan demand are concerns for ag lenders across the country, Welch said.

Several farm income safety net programs, such as crop insurance and the Agriculture Risk Coverage, or ARC, program in the farm bill, offer lower levels of security in times of low commodity prices.

“But that all depends on how each farmer is structured and their cost of production” Welch said.

Some farmers in Texas have been diversifying by planting oilseed crops to offset depressed prices in corn, cotton and other commodities, Welch said.

“Overall, the USDA report was a wake-up call in that we are capable of planting considerably more corn compared to recent years,” Welch said.

Welch distributes a Feed Grain Outlook, which can be subscribed to via email at JMWelch@tamu. edu or by calling 979-845-8011.

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News Dip in cattle prices not deterring Texas ranchers’ optimism

By Blair Fannin Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service

FORT WORTH — Hundreds of Texas cattle producers gathered at the 2016 Texas and Southwestern Cattle Raisers Association Convention in Fort Worth April 8 - 10 to learn more about current industry issues and with optimism despite a dip in high prices, according to organizers.

Calf market prices have fallen from historic highs a year ago, but the event proved there’s still big interest in cattle across the state, producers said.

“You know the bloom is a little off the rose in terms of cattle prices, but it’s not stopping folks from restocking,” said Joe Paschal, Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service livestock specialist, Corpus Christi. “The feeder cattle market may be off a little bit, but the breeding female market is pretty strong.”

The three-day convention included cattle handling demonstrations and presentations from industry leaders on a variety of issues. Though the market is not as robust as in 2015 or 2014, Paschal said good prices are being paid for replacement cattle.

“Folks [were] asking a lot of questions about restocking,

Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service photos by Blair Fannin

Right, Ron Gill,Texas A&M AgriLIfe Extension Service beef cattle specialist and associate department head for the department of animal science atTexasA&M University in College Station, leads a cattle handling demonstration at the 2016Texas and Southwestern Cattle RaisersAssociation Convention in Fort Worth. Below, Gill demonstrates roping techniques during a cattle handling demonstration what to stock with, should they buy pairs, open female and what types of bulls they should use. We [also received] questions about stocking rates, particularly if they are old or returning to the land.”

Paschal was one of several AgriLife Extension specialists who gave presentations throughout the event, as well as giving a demonstration on assisting with calf delivery.

“Calving difficulty is not as big an issue as it used to be, but we still lose 8 to 10 percent of calves within 24 hours and about threequarters of those are due to calving difficulty,” he said.

“It sets that heifer or cow back, makes them a little bit harder to breed.”

Regardless, Paschal said a calf on the ground is money in the producer’s pocket.

“Even a 500-pound calf is worth 1,000 dollars now days,” Paschal said. “The number of calves on the ground has the biggest economic impact on a farm or ranch. Weaning weight is important, the price you get for them is important, but the number of live calves you deliver to the sale barn on market day, that’s what’s going to make your profitability.”

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May 2016 — Issue 1

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The Land & Livestock Post

News Ag workshop for military slated May 7 in College Station

By Paul SchattenBerg Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service

The Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service, in cooperation with the Texas AgrAbility Project and the U.S. Department of Agriculture, will present an agriculture workshop designed for active duty and veteran military service members May 7 in College Station.

The free program will be from 8 a.m.-5 p.m. at Millican Reserve, 19851 F.M. 2154.

The workshop, called “From Battle g round to Breaking Ground: A Transformational Journey.” provides current and former military personnel the opportunity to learn about starting, developing and funding an agriculture business, said Cheryl Grenwelge, AgriLife Extension

may benefit as well,” said Grenwelge.

“New farmers and ranchers, women and small-landholder farmers and ranchers can also benefit from attending the workshop.”

Presentations will address how to develop an agriculture business plan, starting an agriculture business, possibilities and options for farming or ranching with a disability and what resources are available for funding an agricultural enterprise. They will include a presentation by a veteran who is now an area proTexas AgriLife Extension Service photo by Robert Burns ducer and will share personal The Battleground to Breaking Ground program May 7 in College Station will help cur- experiences about starting and rent and former military members and others understand about farm or ranch start-up, managing an agricultural enmanagement and financing. terprise.

“While the program is despecialist in disability transition “The Texas AgrAbility porwith the Texas AgrAbility Proj- signed for current and former tion of this program focuses on military, it is open to others who assisting those with disabilities ect, College Station.

TJS S Hardware

and chronic health conditions to stay engaged in production agriculture,” said Erin PilosiKimbrough, program coordinator, agricultural workshops for military veterans, College Station.

The Battleground to Breaking Ground program was developed with input from AgriLife Extension, Texas AgrAbility, the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, National Farmer Veteran Coalition, Farm Service Agency, USDA Risk Management and Texas Department of Agriculture.

To ensure adequate space, attendees should RSVP by registering online in advance at txagrability.tamu.edu/workshops/.

For more information, contact Pilosi-Kimbrough at 979-847-6185 or empilosi@ag.tamu.edu.

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May 2016 — Issue 1

11

News

Add it all up Do the math before purchasing hay harvesting equipment

M

By RoBeRt FeaRs Special to The Post

etal disease is a common malady among ranchers. We tend to buy the biggest equipment with the most “bells and whistles” that is available. This occurs whether we are buying a new pickup or hay harvesting equipment.

A smart equipment purchase decision is to buy machinery that will deliver the best field efficiency in harvesting the required amount of hay for the most economical price.

It also is wise to compare costs of custom harvest versus cutting and baling hay with your equipment and labor.

Maybe it will be more economical to hire it done.

Dennis Hancock at the University of Georgia offers a two-step program for calculating hay equipment efficiencies.

First the needed amount of hay is determined and then available equipment is compared by man-hours required to harvest the calculated amount of needed forage. Hancock’s process is described in the following paragraphs.

How much hay?

Figure 1 illustrates the amount of hay that may be required for each day of hay feeding based on herd size. For example, 100 head of 1,300-pound beef cows that eat about 2.5 percent of their body weight will need approximately 1.6 tons of hay for each day of feeding.

100 hd X 1300 lbs X 2.5 percent 3250 lbs ÷ 2000 lbs per ton 1.625 tons per day If hay is fed for 100 days, that is approximately 163 tons for the season.

100 days X 1.625 tons 163 tons Assuming that the hay fields yield about 6 tons of dry matter per acre from five cuttings and that only 20 percent is lost during the process of harvesting

12

Photo by Robert Fears

Tractor size should be based on the amount of power required to tow and operate the implements efficiently. On the cover: Texas A&M AgriLife Communications photo by Robert Burns and storing hay, 34 acres will be needed to grow 163 tons of hay (Figure 2).

20 percent lost X 6 tons 1.2 tons per acre lost over 5 cuttings 6 tons – 0.6 tons 4.8 tons per acre stored 163 tons needed ÷ 4.8 tons/acre = 34 acres of hay needed

Compare field efficiencies

Once the required hay acres and number of cuttings are determined, field efficiency of available equipment is compared. Table 1 provides estimates of field efficiency for different sizes of disc movers, tedders and rakes. With this equipment, the key aspect to con-

May 2016 — Issue 1



sider is the efficiency of each operation in terms of acres per hour. In contrast, efficiency of the hay baling operation depends primarily upon the raking step to ensure that a sufficiently sized windrow is created to allow the baler to function

See EQUIPMENT, Page 13

The Land & Livestock Post

News Equipment, from Page 12 at peak performance. When comparing field efficiency of different baler options, focus on the tons of hay that can be baled per hour. Table 2 provides estimates of field efficiency for a selection of different baler types.

Assume that the 100 head producer currently has a 6-foot, 8-inch disc mower (no conditioner) and a 16-foot, 6-inch tedder. He teds hay the afternoon after cutting and again the next morning for two passes per cutting. The producer has an 8-foot, 6-inch side delivery/parallel bar rake and a round baler that makes 4 foot-wide, 5 foottall bales. Using the estimates provided in Tables 1 and 2, we estimate that the producer uses approximately 100 man-hours to produce 163 tons of hay on 34 acres with five cuttings. If the approximate 100 total manhours are divided by the 5 cuttings, you find that each cutting requires 20 man-hours of labor.

6-foot, 8-inch disc mower w/o conditioner – 0.16 man-hours/ ton X 163 tons = 26.08 manhours 16-foot, 6-inch tedder – 0.06 man-hours /ton X 2 passes X 163 tons = 19.56 man-hours 8-foot, 6-inch side delivery rake – 0.25 man-hours/ton X 163 tons = 40.75 man-hours 4’ X 5’ round baler - .08 manhours/ton X 163 tons = 13.04 man-hours Total nan-hours = 99.43 “Specifications and field efficiency estimates in Tables 1 and 2 were adapted from the New Holland Haymaker’s Handbook and information on CNH Industries, John Deere, Hesston/ Massey Ferguson, and Vermeer websites,” Georgia’s Hancock said.

Now let’s assume the producer wants to reduce the number of man-hours required to harvest hay by buying larger equipment. He considers buying a 10-foot, 4-inch disc mower-

conditioner, a 25-foot tedder, a 19-foot wheel rake and 4-foot X 6-foot round baler. The producer uses the estimates in Tables 1 and 2 and the previously used calculations to determine the amount of man-hours required to produce 163 tons of hay with the proposed equipment.

10-foot, 4-inch disk mower-

conditioner – 0.10 man-hours/ ton X 163 tons = 16.30 manhours 25-foot tedder – 0.04 manhours/ton X 2 passes X 163 tons = 13.04 man-hours 19-foot wheel rake – 0.06 manhours/ton X 163 tons = 9.78

See HAY, Page 14

John Roach 281-772-5520 jsroach@dow.com

Dillon DeMuth (580) 318-9261 DJDeMuth@dow.com

Ethan Westfall 979.480.4844 EJWestfall@dow.com

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May 2016 — Issue 1

13

News

Hay, from Page 13 man-hours 4-foot X 6-foot round baler – 0.04 man-hours/ton X 163 tons = 6.52 man-hours Total man-hours = 45.64 Comparing the number of man-hours required to harvest

163 tons of hay with the proposed equipment purchases with the currently used machinery shows that the new equipment would reduce labor requirements by more than 50 percent (Table 3). Usually, pro-

See THE MATH, Page 15

Brazos Valley Livestock Brazos Valley Livestock Commission, Inc. Commission, Inc.

Sales: Tuesdays @ 12 Noon 6097 East Hwy. 21 • Bryan, TX

Photo by Robert Fears

4202 - Efficiency of the baling operation depends primarily upon the raking step to ensure that a sufficiently sized windrow is created to allow the baler to function at peak performance.

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14

May 2016 — Issue 1



The Land & Livestock Post

News

Photo by Robert Fears

Hay can be very expensive if you don’t buy the right size of harvesting equipment.

The Math, from Page 14 ducers change one or two pieces of equipment at a time. The biggest improvement in efficiency can be made by changing to a large wheel rake which reduces the man-hour requirement by 76 percent.

Changing to a larger baler has the smallest effect on labor saving, but baling is often done when hay is at the greatest risk of being damaged by rain. Buying a bigger baler may result in a better hay quality enhanced by a greater chance of dodging

rain showers.

“Though the field efficiency values are estimates, they can be very useful in comparing pieces of equipment,” Hancock said.

“Before making an investment in new hay harvesting equipment, do more than look at the price tag.

In addition to its cost, consider how the implement will fit into your hay harvesting operation. Determine whether or not it will match your other equipment, and its potential to save time.

Table 3. Comparsions of required man-hours for harvesting hay with existing equipment versus proposed purchases.

Existing Equipment New Equipment Differences Implement (Man-Hours) (A) (Man-Hours) (B) Man-Hours (C)1 Percent (D)2 Mower 26.08 16.30 9.78 38 Tedder 19.56 13.04 5.92 30 Rake 40.75 9.78 30.97 76 Baler 13.04 6.52 6.42 49 Total 99.43 45.64 53.79 54 1 A–B=C 2 C÷A=D

The Land & Livestock Post



May 2016 — Issue 1

15

News LIVESTOCK MARKET REPORT Brazos Valley

Results of the Brazos Valley Livestock Commission’s April 12 sale.

Head: 670 Steers: 200-300 lbs., $205-$285; 300-400 lbs.,$182-$238; 400-500 lbs.,$162-$190; 500600 lbs.,$153-$178; 600-700 lbs.,$143-$170; 700-800 lbs., $146-$155.

Heifers: 200-300 lbs., $180-$220; 300-400 lbs.,$165-$185; 400-500 lbs.,$150-$176; 500600 lbs.,$135-$164; 600-700 lbs.,$125-$147.

Slaughter bulls: $85-$106.50.

Slaughter cows: $65-$82.50.

Bred cows: $1,025-$1,850.

Cow/calf pairs: $1,350-$1,525.

Buffalo

Results of the Buffalo Livestock Commission’s April 9 sale.

Head: 1,111 Steers: 150-200 lbs., $235-$285; 200-300 lbs., $210-$240; 300-400 lbs., $185-$235; 400-500 lbs.,$155-$210; 500-600 lbs.,$145$170; 600-700 lbs.,$125-$156; 700-800 lbs., $110-$145.

Heifers: 150-200 lbs., $245-$275; 200-300

May May 6 Griswold Cattle Grass To Grid Angus Commercial Female Sale, Perkins, OK May 7 17th Annual Charolais The Sale of Excellence, College Station, TX May 7 Jordan Cattle Auction May Replacement Female Sale, San Saba, TX

lbs., $185-$230; 300-400 lbs., $150-$215; 400-500 lbs.,$140-$185; 500-600 lbs.,$135$165; 600-700 lbs.,$120-$150; 700-800 lbs., $110-$135.

Slaughter bulls: $87-$110.

Slaughter cows: $44-$87.

Bred cows: $1,100-$1,825.

Cow/calf pairs: $1,100-$1,825.

Groesbeck

Results of the Groesbeck Auction and Livestock Company’s April 14 sale.

Head: 323 Steers: 300-400 lbs., $200-$225; 400-500 lbs., $185-$200; 500-600 lbs., $180-$200; 600-700 lbs., $160-$195.

Heifers: 300-400 lbs., $185-$200; 400-500 lbs., $180-$185; 500-600 lbs., $160-$175; 600-700 lbs., $150-$165.

Slaughter cows: $66-$87.

Bred cows: $1,100-$2,100.

Cow/calf pairs: $1,300-$2,400.

Jordan

Results of the Jordan Cattle Auction’s April

May 12 Jordan Cattle Auction Special Stocker & Feeder Sale, San Saba, TX May 14 Last Chance Bull & Female Sale, Industry, TX May 14 Clifton Livestock Replacement Female Sale, Clifton, TX May 21 Hereford Alliance Sale, Clifton, TX

May 7 Texas Angus Spring May 21 Emmons Ranch Beefmaster Production Spectacular Sale, Salado, TX Sale, Fairfield, TX

14 sale.

Head: 1,438 Steers: Under 200 lbs.,$250-$310; 200-300 lbs., $200-$235; 300-400 lbs., $185-$210; 400-500 lbs., $170-$207.50; 500-600 lbs., $155-$297; 600-700 lbs., $145-$168; 700800 lbs., $135-$157.

Heifers: Under 200 lbs., $185-$210; 200300 lbs., $180-$200; 300-400 lbs., $165$192.50; 400-500 lbs., $148-$167; 500600 lbs., $140-$159; 600-700 lbs., $133$157.50; 700-800 lbs., $128-$145.

Slaughter bulls: $88-$102.50.

Slaughter cows: $65-$84.

Bred cows: $1,000-$1,800.

Cow/calf pairs: $1,125-$2,400.

Navasota

Results of the Navasota Livestock Commission’s April 9 sale.

Head: 2,190 Steers 150-300 lbs., $160-$305; 300-400 lbs., $150-$217; 400-500 lbs., $140-$190; 500-600 lbs.,$135-$180; 600-700 lbs.,$125$160.

Heifers: 150-300 lbs., $170-$285; 300-400 lbs., $140-$182; 400-500 lbs., $130-$165;

500-600 lbs.,$130-$167; 600-700 lbs.,$120$160.

Slaughter bulls: $75-$108.

Slaughter cows: $45-$84.

Bred cows: $900-$2,350.

Cow/calf pairs: $1,200-$2,800.

— Special to The Post

Exhibitors sought for arts, crafts show

By Kay LedBetter Special to The Post

DALHART — The XIT Arts and Crafts Show will be hosted Aug. 6 by the Texas Extension Education Association in Dallam County during the 80th annual XIT Rodeo and Reunion in Dalhart.

The Dallam Extension Education Association hosts the show annually.

The arts and crafts show will be in Veterans Memorial Park at the intersection of 7th Street and Rock Island Street.

The booth fee is $75.

For more information, contact Rogers at 806-244-4434 or club member Jan Meador at 806-654-0045.

May 14 Stockmen’s Choice Brangus Sale, College Station, TX

May 21 Charolais Association of Texas Spring Spectacular Sale, Henderson, TX

June

May 21 Angus of Clear Creek and Rimrock Angus Sale, Giddings, TX

June 4 Jordan Cattle Auction June Replacement Female Sale, San Saba, TX

May 21 Buzzard Hollow Designer’s Classic Sale, Granbury, TX

June 6 Jordan Cattle Auction Special Stocker & Feeder Sale, Mason, TX

May 21 Top Cut Replacement Female Sale, Navasota, TX

June 16 Jordan Cattle May 21 Genomic Gems Vol. I Auction Special Stocker & Angus Sale, Giddings, TX Feeder Sale, San Saba, TX

Do you have a sale or event you’d like listed? Call Jesse Wright (979) 731-4721 or email jesse.wright@theeagle.com

16

May 2016 — Issue 1



The Land & Livestock Post

News Demand, from Page 7 AgriLife Extension Service expert who said the state has started looking into how to close that potential gap.

“Even if people wanted to comply with recommended consumption of fruits and vegetables, there’s just not enough,” said Luis Ribera, an AgriLife Extension agricultural economist in College Station.

“AgriLife’s Healthy South Texas and other health-related programs are now pushing recommendations of dietary guidelines to reduce the consumption of fats and oils, fatty meats, enriched grains in favor of whole grains, and the increase of fruits and vegetables,” he said.

To help meet the demand for more produce as those health programs succeed, Texas A&M AgriLife Research and AgriLife Extension have begun efforts to rejuvenate the South Texas industry with the recent dedication of their new Texas A&M Rio Grande Valley Vegetable and Education Building in Weslaco, Ribera said.

“The idea is to be competitive with both domestic and overseas producers in the production of fruits and vegetables,” he said.

“While South Texas probably won’t be able to produce all the needed fruits and vegetables — the area can’t produce bananas commercially, for example — it will help close the gap.”

And it’s not just health-related programs that are driving up the demand for fruits and vegetables.

Studies show that consumption is on the rise as the population increases, Ribera said.

“It’s very simple: We’ll have to either produce more or import more,” he said.

Ribera noted that Mexican imports of fruits and vegetables already have increased dramatically recently, especially via trucks through Texas land ports of entry.

More imports also now are coming from Central and South America and other countries overseas.

“These increased imports are not a bad thing,” Ribera said.

“They satisfy a year-round de-

mand when Texas and other domestic produce is not in season.

We need imports. In the past if consumers wanted to buy oranges, for example, they’d have to wait until Texas citrus was harvested in the fall and winter.

Now we get citrus year round from other countries.”

California and Florida, however, can’t be counted on to fill any additional demand.

“California has been suffering a major drought and a devastating lack of water,” he said. “As a result, the price of available water there has increased dramatically, from about $140 per acrefoot of water in recent years to about $1,100 per acre-foot. And Florida’s production of fruits and vegetables has flattened out.”

To lessen dependence on other states and countries, Ribera said AgriLife Research and AgriLife Extension have increased their commitment to increase production of fruits and vegetables in Texas.

“The Rio Grande Valley and the Winter Garden area near San Antonio are more favorable areas for production than California, for example, because of lower regulatory and environmental costs, as well as lower water costs.”

Even with a steady population growth in South Texas, there is considerable available irrigated farmland there that can be put into production, Ribera said.

“With improved cropping systems, which include improved yields using improved varieties of fruits and vegetables with disease and pest resistance, South Texas could help meet the demands,” he said.

As part of their commitment, officials at AgriLife’s Rio Grande Valley Vegetable and Education Building in Weslaco have already begun the process of assembling a team of breeders, plant pathologists, entomologists and other professionals.

“We have to figure it out because if the demand is there, the supply will come,” he said.

“AgriLife’s efforts include reaching out to growers to get them on board because the South Texas produce industry has every potential of thriving again.”

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News

It is important for producers to manage new herd sires

By Warren rusche South Dakota Extension

New bulls need to be managed carefully between delivery and the start of breeding season to maximize the return on the investment in new genetics.

New herd sires represent a sizeable investment to a cow/ calf business. One of the major components of the cost of natural service is the number of years of useful life of the herd sires.

Greater lifespan allows the initial purchase price to be spread out over more calves. Considering the value of most yearling bulls at production sales this spring, spending some additional attention to help make sure that the transition phase proceeds smoothly would seem to be effort well spent.

Dietary adjustments

In most cases yearling bulls have been developed on higher energy diets than what will be available to them during the breeding season. Simply turning young bulls out to the breeding pastures increases the likelihood

of excessive weight loss and potentially a reduction in fertility and libido. Extreme weight loss could also impact longevity.

Adapting bulls to lower energy diets prevents bulls from “crashing” and increases the odds of success.

Changes in diets should be made gradually. Sperm cells mature over a 60-day period, so avoid any drastic changes during the two months before the start of breeding season. The concentrate portion of the ration would be gradually reduced in a series of steps until the desired level is reached. It’s important to remember that these bulls still are growing and to not restrict nutrient intake too much.

They should be gaining 1.5 to 2 pounds per day and be in a body condition score of about a 6 at the start of the breeding season.

As with any class of livestock, the necessary mineral and vitamin supplementation as well as a high quality water source should

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New herd sires represent a sizeable investment to a cow/calf business. be provided.

Physical and social considerations

Beyond the nutritional and dietary considerations of bull development, there are other factors that need to be considered

CAPITAL

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Published by Bryan-College Station Communications, Inc., P.O. Box 3000, Bryan,Texas 77805.

E-mail: thepost@theeagle.com All offices are located at 1729 Briarcrest Drive Bryan,Texas 77802.

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as well. Breeding bulls will have a high level of physical activity, especially early in the breeding season, seeking out and breeding cows in heat. Much like an

early season “training camp,” allowing for increased opportunities for exercise will help improve the bulls’ physical condition and stamina levels, which should help insure their ability to remain functional throughout the breeding season. Additional exercise on pasture also serves to reduce the potential for feet and leg problems.

Many producers will utilize more than one bull in a breeding pasture. If the bulls have not run together previously, they likely will spend time fighting to establish a “pecking order” rather than getting cows bred. Grouping the bulls according to their assigned breeding pasture groups prior to the start of the breeding season allows those “social adjustments” to take place before breeding season starts.

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May 2016 — Issue 1

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The Land & Livestock Post

News Proper injection sites to remember at calf-working time

By Glenn Selk Oklahoma State University Extension

Late April and May are traditionally the time when spring round-ups take place. This is the time that large and small cow-calf operations schedule the working of the calves.

As the majority of the calves reach their second month of life, it is time to castrate the male calves and immunize all of the calves to protect them against blackleg. Visit with your veterinarian about other immunizations that should be given at this time.

Correct administration o f any injection is a critical control point in beef production and animal health.

There is a negative relationship between meat tenderness

and injection sites, including injection sites that have no visible lesion.

In fact, all intramuscular injections, regardless of the product injected, create permanent damage regardless of the age of the animal at the time of injection.

Tenderness is reduced in a three-inch area surrounding the injection site.

Moving the injection-site area to the neck stops damage to expensive steak cuts. Therefore, cow-calf producers should make certain that their family members and other, hired labor are trained sufficiently as to the proper location of the injections before the spring calf-working begins.

Give injections according to label instructions. Subcutaneous means under the skin, intramuscular means in the muscle. Some

vaccines (according to the label instructions) allow the choice between intramuscular and subcutaneous.

Always use subcutaneous as the method of administration when permitted by the product’s label.

Remember to “tent” the skin for subcutaneous injections unless instructed otherwise by the manufacturer.

Beef producers are encouraged to learn and practice Beef Quality Assurance Guidelines.

Yo u can learn more about the Oklahoma Beef Quality Assurance program by going to oklahomabeefquality.com.

The Oklahoma Beef Quality Assurance Manual can be downloaded from that site. Texas Beef Quality Assurance information is available at texasbeefquality. com.

Courtesy of University of Nebraska - Lincoln Extension

This shows the proper injection sites for subcutaneous and intramuscular injections in cattle of all ages. Typically, injections are performed with the needle pointing down. Drawing blood samples is done with the needle pointing up.

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May 2016 — Issue 1

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News Food growers should become strategists

By ADAM RUSSELL Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service

OVERTON — Growing fruits and vegetables can be a constant battle against pests, disease and weather.

Joe Masabni wants home gardeners and commercial growers to become strategists rather than tacticians because successfully growing fruits and vegetables can depend on preparedness and planning.

Masabni, a Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service horticulturist in Overton, receives phone calls every spring from beginning gardeners and farmers who are ill-prepared to deal with pests, diseases, weeds and many other problems that can stunt or decimate a crop, he said.

The tactical gardener reacts to problems, while a strategist plans

The gardener feeds the soil and the soil feeds the plant, he said.

Masabni suggests testing the soil each year, which will identify what additives, such as lime, fertilizer or nitrogen, will give the soil what it needs to grow specific crops.

Having the right tools on hand to tend a garden or field helps reduce prolonged exposure to problems such as disease or pests, but a management plan can address possible problems before they occur, he said.

Knowledge is a powerful tool for a beginner gardener, Masabni said.

But it’s easier to educate yourself during dormancy periods by reading books and gardening periodicals or by discussing options and opportunities for next season with AgriLife Extension agents and specialists.

to avoid problems when possible and address them quickly and effectively when they are unavoidable, he said.

The strategist has multiple sources for all their needs, from seed and tools to pesticides, fertilizers and materials, such as Tposts and chicken wire, he said.

They should have basic tools and materials on hand to address a problem as soon as it’s found.

Strategists plan ahead by considering crop rotations in advance and base decisions on soil health.

They also take notes each season to improve their chances next year.

Soil is the most important component to a strategic gardener’s plan, Masabni said. Testing a soil sample for a small garden or multiple samples for larger fields where soils can differ is an important first step to any plan.

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20

the

Electronic

Newsletter Ag news you can use, now at the click of a mouse!

Total Yield

Harvest Date LB / ACRE

LB / ACRE

LB / ACRE

3 YEAR

2011

2012

2013

AVG

RANK

Texas Tough +

4,646

11,488

7,618

7,917

1

Sungrazer +

3,516

11,281

6,599

7,132

2

Buckaroo

3,979

10,881

6,428

7,096

3

Cowboy

3,426

10,054

7,301

6,927

4

Ranchero Frio

3,051

10,374

7,013

6,713

5

Numex Sahara

3,201

10,293

6,772

6,755

6

Amarillo King

3,586

9,873

6,561

6,673

7

Laredo

3,410

9,975

6,654

6,680

8

Highlander

2,379

10,880

6,159

6,473

9

Mohawk

3,163

9,739

6,321

6,408

10

Cheyenne II

3,612

9,334

5,941

6,295

11

Rancher

2,830

9,740

6,085

6,218

12

Planting Date: 6/4/11 (Replanted 7/13/11) 10 lbs (P.L.S.) Planting Rate, LSD (0.05) Commercially available varieties only included in these results.

I first planted Texas Tough + Bermudagrass in the Spring of 2009 for grazing and baling. I planted 210 acres of Texas Tough + Bermuda on June 2nd, and year.

I now have planted over 200 acres in production. has remained free ofindisease and the of yields grazing inand 45 days.

It has been in ourTough rotational for I first Texas Tough +ItBermudagrass the Spring 2009started for grazing baling.

My Texas + grazing has been of disease with noTough loss+of stands.fast My yields have remained noup loss in our production even very through havefree remained consistent.

Texas establishes with excellent forage quality 7consistent months and with has held under Florida conditions well. our drought of the last four years. It establishes fast with excellent forage quality and much finer stems than Coastal andBermudagrass. fine stems. I am veryItpleased with my Texasmy Tough +, it hastime increased my90 grazing We hope to plant more into the150 futuredays when on the right is available. my land Texas Tough has increased grazing from days on native grasses I plan on planting more in Denny 2015.Chaney – Bertram, TX. Bertram, TX timestands. from 90 days on native pasture to 150 days.

Dan Ryals, Ryals Citrus & CattleDenny CompanyChaney– Fort Ogden, FL Stands stay productive year after

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News Online video courses for ranchers Tour of Noble Foundation for beef and

By BlAiR FAnnin Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service

The Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service and the Texas Beef Council have partnered to launch a new website, ranchtv. org, a comprehensive online site that offers video instruction and materials for livestock producers and ranchers, as well as 4-H members and high school agriculture students.

“The purpose of this site is to extend information on the best management practices that enhance our environment, food safety and food quality,” said Dan Hale, AgriLife Extension meat specialist in College Station and website coordinator.

Hale said through the generous support of the Texas Beef Council, courses and videos offered on the site are free.

Livestock producers can receive Beef Quality Assurance certification as well as select

from a number of courses to gain a better understanding of beef cattle production management and production systems, he said.

Courses offered include cattle nutrition and feeding, creating value through low-stress handling and market cow management. Those who visit the site can also view over 400 individual videos on various beef cattle and meat science production topics, Hale said. The majority of videos are 2-6 minutes long.

“We all have busy schedules and the video content and course offerings on the site allow livestock producers and ranchers the freedom to visit and receive instruction during their own time of choosing,” Hale said. “We think we have a comprehensive offering of videos and instructional content that will help users understand all facets of beef cattle production.”

For more information, go to ranchtv.org/.

forage producers slated for May 25-26

By AdAm Russell Samuel Roberts Nobel Foundation

ARDMORE, Oklahoma — A tour of the Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation in Ardmore, Oklahoma, is scheduled for Texas beef and forage producers in Gregg, Harrison, Panola, Rusk and Upshur counties May 25-26.

The tour is being coordinated by the Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service.

“It’s good for producers to get out and see what others are doing in similar situations and climates,” said Randy Reeves, AgriLife Extension agriculture and natural resources agent for Gregg County.

The deadline to register for the tour is 5 p.m. May 4. The registration fee is $75, which includes a chartered bus and a noon meal

while on the tour. Other meals and lodging are not included.

The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation is an independent, nonprofit institute. Founded in 1945, the foundation works to enhance agriculture productivity regionally, nationally and internationally including assisting farmers and ranchers and conducting plant science research and agricultural programs.

The group will travel by charter bus with pickup points in Marshall and Longview. Attendees will leave Longview on May 25 and travel to Ardmore for supper and hotel check-in. They will leave early May 26 and travel to the Noble Foundation for an all-day tour, then return home, stopping for supper on the way.

Reeves said at least 42 par-

ticipants are needed to make the tour feasible.

The group will stay at the Spring Hill Suites in Ardmore, which is holding 30 rooms for participants at a rate of $89 plus tax per night. Attendees may split room costs. Attendees should call the hotel at 580-2267100 to make reservations and let the front desk know they are with the Noble Foundation Tour.

For detailed information, including itinerary, dates and registration, go to bit.ly/239BAqW.

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