September 2018 – Issue II
DON’T GET ‘BUFFALOED’ Bison Association fights deceptive food labeling PAGE 6
HARE-RAISING EXPERIENCE Starting the next generation in the agriculture lifestyle. PAGE 10
CHRONIC DISEASE
Vice chancellor calls for creating healthy food choices.
GOOD FENCES MAKE GOOD CATTLE Producers continue to adopt high intensity – short duration grazing PAGE 12
PAGE 17
MAD COW
Florida finds first cow with atypical mad cow disease. PAGE 20
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September 2018 — Issue II
The Land & Livestock Post
News From the General Manager
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’ve noticed lately that a lot of my columns have been about food or eating food. I realized this as I sit here with my stomach growling, because as usual, I’ve put this part of the paper off until the last possible moment and lunch was a long time ago. I guess that happens a lot. The problem JESSE WRIGHT is I tried to eat healthy, and now I’m just hungry. If I had a big burger and fries for lunch instead of a turkey wrap, well, no telling what I’d be writing about. I probably could throw together sonnets and quatrains, and throw words on a page that would make people laugh and cry and feel as if the world is a better place just because of the poetic light I painted through my prose. But I can’t, because I had a turkey wrap. I’ll bear with it for now, but I’m bound to fall off the wagon soon. I always do. If diet fidelity were a thing, I’d have been divorced a dozen times by now, and that would be just for the times I got caught. I’m sneaky, too, there are great lengths I will go to, and stories I will tell myself to rationalize my dietcheating ways. One time, we had salad for dinner. Salad, that’s it. Not a steak after, not even soup. Well, I decided that wasn’t going to do it for me. But, if I were to
start raiding the fridge then and there, I’d be caught red-handed. So, I went for a walk. There is a McDonald’s about two miles from my house, so I put on my workout clothes, stuck some money in my sock and struck out for the golden arches. I sat there in that restaurant, sweaty and tired — with Grimace and Ronald watching me with accusing eyes — and devoured a double cheeseburger with no remorse. I told myself that if I walked four miles round-trip per cheeseburger, I could eat all the cheeseburgers I wanted. If anything, it was healthier, I decided. Our cover story in this issue is about eating as well. But instead of me eating cheeseburgers, the story is about future cheeseburgers eating forage. We take a look at intensive grazing and the infrastructure you’ll need to get the most out of this method. In this issue we also have news from around the ag industry as well as our regular features. Hope you enjoy it and, as always, thanks for eating ... er, reading. ’Til next time.
More than 100 ranchers and cattle raisers from Brazos County and surrounding counties received information and analysis about industry economic trends at the CattleFax Market Outlook at the Brazos County Expo last
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month. Randy Blach, CEO of the Denver-area-based beef industry data collector CattleFax, shared global import and export trade statistics going back decades and urged attendees to closely follow those numbers and trends.
See BEEF, Page 5
The Land & Livestock Post
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September 2018 — Issue II
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September 2018 — Issue II
The Land & Livestock Post
News Texas Drought Monitor
Beef, from Page 3 “Whether you agree with global markets or not, that is the world we live in today,” Blach said. Calling it “a great success story for our industry,” Blach said the United States is seeing record meat consumption. Blach said the demand is especially high for prime beef. “We have strong demand for higher quality product. Consumers have been saying, ‘We want more high-quality beef and we’re willing to pay for it.’” He told attendees that the U.S. is the world’s largest beef and poultry producer and is a top-five global producer of pork. “We produce a lot of protein,” Blach said. He added that Japan receives 26 percent of U.S. beef exports. Mexico takes in 16 percent and Hong Kong 13 percent of U.S. exports, according to the United States Department of Agriculture. Blach said the beef industry in the United States experienced a steady decline from 1979 to 1998, which he said was because of a struggling economy, interest rates approaching and in some cases exceeding 20 percent, and cultural understandings of what constitutes a healthy diet. “We lost 50 percent of the demand for our product,” he said. “There was a ‘war on fat’ and pork and beef got caught in the crosshairs,” Blach said after the event. “Demand has gone up several hundred dollars a head since 1998,” he added. He said he anticipated the country’s biggest production will occur in 2020.
“Where we are cyclically, we still have a little more risk ahead of us,” he said. Blach also expressed optimism for the agriculture industry as a whole. “In the 1980s, we lost 12 percent of all people associated with agriculture,” he said. “It was a train wreck out here. In the last seven to 10 years, I’ve been seeing more young people in these meetings than any time in the last 30 to 40 years.” Cheramie Viator said she attended the event primarily to learn and to network. Viator is the marketing manager at Westway Feed Products in Tomball, which she said is the largest provider of liquid cattle feed supplements in the country. “The feed end will follow the cattle cycle, so when there’s lots of cows, we sell lots of feed,” she said. According to the USDA, there are 35 million fewer cattle today than the record approximately 132 million in 1974. Today’s numbers mirror 1954’s U.S. cattle population, but beef production is 2.2 times larger than in 1954, which Blach attributed to genetics and improvements in nutrition and technology efforts from ranchers and others in the industry. Kelley Sullivan, co-owner of Santa Rosa Ranch in Navasota and Crockett, said the service CattleFax provides is vital to ranchers and cattle raisers. “I don’t know if there’s a better source of data and analysis than CattleFax,” she said.
See DROUGHT, Page 15
The Land & Livestock Post
September 2018 — Issue II
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News
Photo courtesy of National Bison Association
Bison ranchers launch petition to stop deceptive use of ‘buffalo’ on some food products Special to The Post
WESTMINSTER, Colo. – The National Bison Association launched an online petition asking the USDA Food Safety and Inspection Service and the FDA to develop immediately new labeling policies to stop water buffalo products sold in the U.S. from being labeled only as “buffalo.” T h e p e t i t i o n e f f o r t wa s launched after the National Bison Association learned of a growing number of retail stores carrying water buffalo meat that is labeled only as “Wild Buffalo” or “Free Range Buffalo.” Dave Carter, executive director of the National Bison Association, said, “Our ranchers and marketers have worked hard over the past two decades to build a relationship with our customers that is built upon quality and trust. That trust is threatened by water buffalo products coming into the market disguised as bison.” Carter noted that North Americans have been describing bison as buffalo for more than three centuries. “The Buffalo Nickel, Buffalo Bill Cody, and Buffalo Soldiers are all terms that illustrate how
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deeply embedded the word ‘buffalo’ is to describe North American bison,” Carter said. “Customers deserve to know whether the products they are buying are bison or water buffalo.” Three years ago, the National Bison Association asked the USDA and FDA to update its food labeling policies to require that any water buffalo products or ingredients be required to be listed fully as “water buffalo.” A delegation of bison ranchers has scheduled a meeting with the two agencies in Washington, D.C. this month to push for immediate action on that request. “In the meantime, we want to demonstrate the public’s support for this important truth-in-labeling request,” Carter said. “That’s why we launched our onlinepetition.” People can access the petition by going to change.org and typing “water buffalo” into the search feature. Carter noted that officials in charge of U.S. pet food labeling already are working on new rules to address similar misleading labeling in pet food and treat products. “USDA and FDA need to follow the lead of the pet food regulators on this issue,” he said.
September 2018 — Issue II
The Land & Livestock Post
News
Texas A&M AgriLife Research photo Agricultural researchers manipulating crop data collected by unmanned aerial vehicles equipped with sensors face challenges, such as “noise” or errors during the collection process.
Experts discuss handling big data in agriculture By Blair Fannin Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service
HOUSTON — Agricultural experts at a Houston conference praised the advancements in unmanned aerial vehicles, sensors and data-collecting technology used in precision crop production research, but said there also are challenges in how to process vast amounts of information and translate to the farmer. The Aug. 20-21 conference, “Identifying Obstacles to Applying Big Data in Agriculture,” covered a broad spectrum of both unmanned aerial vehicles as well as automated ground vehicles equipped with sensor technology used to collect a variety of datasets in crop production. Texas A&M AgriLife Research and the U.S. Department of Agriculture-National Institute of Food and Agriculture were conference sponsors. “We need reliable data and to be asking the right questions,”
said Alex Thomasson, conference coordinator and Texas A&M AgriLife Research engineer. “A few agricultural trends as well as technology development in the broader economy have driven the advance of big-data technology use in agriculture.” For example, Thomasson said, autonomous sensor platforms suxh as UAVs, or drones, are now being equipped with imaging sensors to measure plant traits more efficiently and accurately than manual methods. “However, while recent reports document high rates of data collection in production agriculture, they also note low rates of data usage,” he said. Thomasson said big data will have limited value in increasing farm productivity, profitability and environmental risk reduction until there are practical ways to reliably produce timely, actionable information from the data in common applications.
See DATA, Page 8
The Land & Livestock Post
September 2018 — Issue II
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News
Texas A&M AgriLife Research photo by Blair Fannin
AlexThomasson,TexasA&MAgriLife Research engineering and conference coordinator, left, and Steven Thomson, U.S. Department of Agriculture-National Program Leader-Ag and Biosystems Engineering, Institute of Food Production and Sustainability, participated last month in the “Identifying Obstacles to Applying Big Data in Agriculture” conference in Houston.
Data, from Page 7 “The keys to success include efficient and effective collection, storage, transmission, analysis and applied decisions based on large amounts of data,” he said. “The conference addressed these major questions that must be answered in order for big data to see broad on-farm adoption.” Presenters at the conference also talked about “noise” or errors collected by machines misinterpreting data. “The biggest problem from big data we found is how do you get rid of the noise?” said Seth Murray, AgriLife Research corn breeder in College Station, who presented “Breeding, Genetics, Phenotyping and Agricultural Big Data.” “Nobody wants to do it. It’s a labor intensive slog,” Murray said. However, the potential for unmanned aerial vehicles to take the place of manual labor presents many opportunities. Murray who actively leads plant phenotyping research examining growth, stress and other development characteristics, said the ability to automate manual tasks such as measuring plant height, calculating grain yield and estimating disease potential is huge.
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“It takes an army of student workers to gather this data,” he said. “If we could have vehicles doing this, it would save a lot of time and labor.” At the moment, there are no standard protocols for collection, storage analysis and translating that information into decisions. “We need algorithms and a skilled workforce,” said Rajiv Khosla, Robert Gardner Professor of Precision Agriculture at Colorado State University specializing in precision agriculture. “We need a next generation of students that understand agriculture and data analytics.” Khosla, who presented “Agronomic Considerations of Agricultural Big Data,” was among academic and industry experts featured at the conference. Thomasson said key outputs of the conference were identifying the principal obstacles and solutions to practical and valuable on-farm use. Attendees heard presentations and then were placed into working groups, making recommendations that will be compiled into a report to be submitted to USDA-National Institute of Food and Agriculture at a future date. For more information about the conference, go tto www.agbigdataobstacles.com/.
September 2018 — Issue II
The Land & Livestock Post
News LIVESTOCK MARKET REPORT Brazos Valley
Brenham
Buffalo
Caldwell
Navasota
Results of the Brazos Valley Livestock Commission’s Aug. 28 sale. Head: 1,432 Steers: 200-300 lbs., $165-$212; 300-400 lbs., $155-$190; 400500 lbs., $145-$192; 500-600 lbs., $135-$155; 600-700 lbs., $128-$146; 700-800 lbs., $131$135 Heifers: 200-300 lbs., $140-$165; 300-400 lbs., $135-$160; 400500 lbs., $130-$147; 500-600 lbs., $124-$140; 600-700 lbs., $118-$132; 700-800 lbs., $122$124 Slaughter bulls: $65-$82.50 Slaughter cows: $40-$62 Bred cows: $750-$1,275 Cow/calf pairs: $900-$1,175
R e s u l t s o f t h e C a t t l e m a n ’s Brenham Livestock Auction’s Aug. 24 sale. Head: 1,254 Steers: 200-300 lbs., $162-$237; 300-400 lbs., $145-$192; 400500 lbs., $138-$182; 500-600 lbs., $127-$154; 600-700 lbs., $120-$143; 700-800 lbs., $113$142 Heifers: 200-300 lbs., $160-$170; 300-400 lbs., $144-$170; 400500 lbs., $138-$170; 500-600 lbs., $127-$149; 600-700 lbs., $118-$137; 700-800 lbs., $100$129 Slaughter bulls: $60-$83 Slaughter cows: $28-$56 Bred cows: $650-$1,250 Cow/calf pairs: $850-$1,500
Results of the Buffalo Livestock Commission’s Aug. 25 sale. Head: 2,171 Steers: 200-300 lbs., $145-$200; 300-400 lbs., $140-$197; 400500 lbs., $135-$180; 500-600 lbs., $130-$169; 600-700 lbs., $120-$147; 700-800 lbs., $115$139 Heifers: 200-300 lbs., $140-$175; 300-400 lbs., $125-$160; 400500 lbs., $122-$155; 500600 lbs., $120-$154; 600-700 lbs.,$115-$140; 700-800 lbs., $105-$130 Slaughter bulls: $60-$110 Slaughter cows: $35-$67 Bred cows: $750-$1,160 Cow/calf pairs: $950-$1,150
Results of the Caldwell Livestock Commission’s Aug. 29 sale. Head: 1,008 Steers: 200-300 lbs., $175-$193; 300-400 lbs., $168-$200; 400500 lbs., $150-$172; 500-600 lbs., $143-$155; 600-700 lbs., $133-$135; 700-800 lbs., $120$135 Heifers: 200-300 lbs., $160-$185; 300-400 lbs., $153-$235; 400500 lbs., $133-$190; 500-600 lbs., $122-$157; 600-700 lbs., $120-$138; 700-800 lbs., $115$134 Slaughter bulls: $60-$85 Slaughter cows: $42-$60 Bred cows: $575-$1,175 Cow/calf pairs: $800-$1,250
Results of the Navasota Livestock Commission’s Aug. 25 sale. Head: 2,059 Steers: 200-300 lbs., $115-$205; 300-400 lbs., $115-$192.50; 400-500 lbs., $115-$180; 500600 lbs., $110-$152; 600-700 lbs., $110-$143 Heifers: 200-300 lbs., $115-$190; 300-400 lbs., $115-$163; 400500 lbs., $115-$151; 500-600 lbs., $110-$145; 600-700 lbs., $105-$132 Slaughter bulls: $55-$82 Slaughter cows: $30-$60.50 Bred cows: $700-$1,250 Cow/calf pairs: $900-$1,125
September Sept. 22 • Angus of Clear Creek Female Sale, Brownwood, TX Sept. 22 • Jordan Cattle Auction Fall Replacement Female Sale, San Saba, TX Sept. 22 • Southern Belles Charolais Sale, Weatherford, TX Sept. 22-23 • Synergy Sale, Giddings, TX Sept. 24 • The Oaks Brangus Dispersal, Grantville, GA Sept. 27 • Jordan Cattle Auction Special Stocker & Feeder Sale, San Saba, TX OCtOber Oct. 4 • Dudley Bros. Hereford Bull Sale, Comanche, TX Oct. 5 • McKellar Ranch Angus Fall Sale, Mount Pleasant, TX Oct. 6 • Heart of Texas Special Replacement Female Sale, Groesbeck, TX Oct. 6 • Isa Beefmasters LLC Performance Tested Bull Sale, San Angelo, TX Oct. 6 • Lyssy’s Heart of the Herd Beefmaster Production Sale, Luling, TX Oct. 6 • Dennis Charolais Farm/007 Charolais Fall Edition BeefGene Bull Sale, Sulphur Springs, TX Oct. 8 • Indian Mound Ranch Hereford Production Sale, Canadian, TX Oct. 9 • JP Family Limited Partnership Hereford Production Sale, Ft. McKavett, TX Oct. 10 • R.A. Brown Ranch Angus, Red Angus and SimAngus Bull Sale, Throckmorton, TX Oct. 13 • Texas Angus Assn. Breeders’ Select Sale, Salado, TX Oct. 13 • Mann Cattle Co. Hereford Production Sale, Navasota, TX Oct. 13 • Cox Excalibur CX Advantage Brangus Sale, Weimar, TX
— Special to The Post
Oct. 17 • Thomas Charolais Bull Sale, Raymondville, TX Oct. 17 • Texas Hereford Assn. Fall Classic Sale, Buffalo, TX Oct. 17 • Red Alliance Red Angus Sale, Buffalo, TX Oct. 19 • W4 Ranch Hereford Production Sale, Morgan, TX Oct. 19 • Cowmaker Angus, Brangus and Santa Gertrudis Bull Sale, Groesbeck, TX Oct. 20 • Queens of the South Replacement Female Sale, Crockett, TX Oct. 20 • Beef on Forage Beefmaster Performance Bull Sale, Brenham, TX Oct. 20 • Carr & Others Beefmaster Fall Sale, Floresville, TX Oct. 20 • Jordan Cattle Auction October Replacement Female Sale, San Saba, TX Oct. 20 • Doguet’s Diamond D Ranch Brangus Production Sale, Poteet, TX Oct. 25 • Jordan Cattle Auction Special Bull Offering Featuring Martin-Bruni Cattle Co., San Saba, TX Oct. 26 • Rutherford Ranches Angus Female Sale, Buda, TX Oct. 26-27 • 44 Farms Angus Bull and Commercial Female Sale, Cameron, TX Oct. 27 • Oak Creek Farms Forage Developed Bull Sale, Chappell Hill, TX Oct. 27 • South Texas Hereford Assn. Fall Sale, Beeville, TX Oct. 27 • South Texas Hereford Assn. Fall Sale, Beeville, TX Oct. 29 • Jordan Cattle Auction Special Stocker & Feeder Sale, Mason, TX
Do you have a sale or event you’d like listed? Call Jesse Wright (979) 731-4721 or email jesse.wright@theeagle.com
The Land & Livestock Post
September 2018 — Issue II
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News Starting the next generation in agriculture brings memories By Brandon J. dominguez bdominguez@tamu.edu
It was a momentous summer. My 7-year-old daughter worked hard to earn her first rabbits. She did extra chores around the house to prove she was responsible. She relentlessly researched rabbit breeds, housing, economic and psychologic values of rabbit ownership and husbandry every chance she had to get on someone’s phone or computer. She even helped as much as a 7 year old can to construct a pen for her expectant bunnies. It was a proud parent moment to watch her develop responsibility, exhibit determination, and continue a family tradition.
Vet’s Voice
As a kid myself, my parents influenced my sister and me to get rabbits. I had to have a boy rabbit, she had to have a girl rabbit, and my dad had to build a hutch to keep them separated. If it weren’t for a fateful spring break trip to my grandparents — leaving my father at home alone to work and care for the animals — we would not have experienced the circle of life that occurs when a bored father
puts his kids’ male and female rabbits together to do what rabbits do. A month or so later, we got to learn about the importance of observation, production of animals, care of young, and how to irritate a spouse “for the good of the children.” I wanted to DOMINGUEZ continue in my father’s footsteps. He raised rabbits as a kid. Given that his parents had the local butcher shop, it gave him an avenue to peddle rabbit meat throughout the town, and that was way more interesting than a lemonade stand in my little boy brain.
My business partner/sibling disagreed and our mother flat refused to allow anymore bunny breeding much less harvesting! They did not think that our rural-suburban neighbors would appreciate the opportunity to buy freshly harvested
rabbit meat from a kid on a bike to the same degree they would have 30 years before. In hindsight, I believe the USDA-FSIS, FDA, and/or CDC may have had strong opinions
See RABBITS, Page 11
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September 2018 — Issue II
Enter online at www.BrazosValleyFair.com Awarding $14,500 in scholarships to junior livestock exhibitors for the 2018 Fair
The Land & Livestock Post
News Rabbits, from Page 10 regarding my business idea and I’m thankful for the guidance that I received. Now that the next generation has taken over the aspiration of cuniculture (rabbit farming), I am reflective of the impact that those early experiences had on my life. I shared my experiences and those family stories with my daughter to recognize that she has no intentions of producing rabbit meat, though she is appreciative of what cattle
ranchers and pig farmers do every day to put food on our table. Watching my daughter show repulsion to the idea of rabbit meat highlighted, for me, the importance of educating others of where their food originates. Her entrepreneur spirit has her looking for laying hens and expanding her agricultural enterprises. It is encouraging to watch the thirst for more responsibility and the drive for connectedness with animals and nature expand after a simple introduction. Is that all that it might take to encourage a young person to invest time,
Annual Bull Issue
money, or a career in agriculture? With the school year underway and a new set of adventures ahead, I wonder what opportunities will present themselves for us to influence the next generation. Not only is it important for people to understand where their food comes from, but it is important for the future of agriculture. A small percentage of the population is involved in agriculture, so it stands to reason that we have a responsibility to give opportunities to those upcoming generations experiences that may lead to their in-
Publish Date:
October 1st
aD DeaDline:
September 13th
00 Over 18,0s issue printed!
volvement in agriculture through production of quality food, sustaining natural resources, or providing veterinary care to the rural communities that allow this country to be what it is. Everybody can trace some part of his or her story back to agriculture. Sometimes it takes relating to another’s story to draw them together. With steady concerns about the future of agriculture and rural communities, now seems like a great time to share our story with others.
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Contact Jesse Wright
(979) 731-4721
jesse.wright@theeagle.com The Land & Livestock Post
September 2018 — Issue II
11
News
Do fence me in
Infrastructure for intensive grazing By RoBeRt FeaRs Special to The Post
R
anchers continue to adopt the high intensity-short duration grazing system because of its improved forage utilization and soil building characteristics. In this system, cattle are forced to eat all forage rather than selecting plants they most prefer. Increased hoof action from a large number of animals improves soil structure, mixes organic matter with soil and adds a significant amount of fertilizer through urine and manure. Even with steady adoption of high intensity-short duration grazing, most pastures are grazed continuously year-round. This practice results in the lowest pasture yields because forage is not given time to recover from grazing. To use pastures as a reliable feed source, we must manage them more intensely. “Managed intensive rotational grazing offers a number of advantages over continuous grazing and less intensive rotational systems,” said Dan Undersander of the University of Wisconsin. “One of the big advantages is more stable forage production during poor growing conditions, especially in drought. Other advantages include greater animal yield potential, availability of higher quality forage, decreased weed and erosion problems
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Photo by Robert Fears
An advantage of using electric fencing for interior fences is that it can be moved with the cattle. Good fencing is essential for successful management of a high intensity-short duration grazing system. and more uniform soil fertility levels,” he said. “For successful rotational grazing, timing of rotations must coincide with growth stage of the forage,” Undersander said. “Unfortunately, rotational grazing is often conducted
with regular animal shift from paddock to paddock based on rigid time schedules rather than response to forage growth rate. “Rigid schedules reduce the benefit of rotational grazing.” High intensity-short duration
September 2018 — Issue II
grazing involves intensive management with high stocking rates and frequent moving of cattle. Pastures are divided into paddocks to facilitate animal concentration. The primary
See FENCE, Page 13
The Land & Livestock Post
News Saturday • October 13, 2018 • 12 noon
SAVE THE DATE! Photo by Robert Fears
Large groups of cattle can be moved between paddocks in 15 minutes or less.
Fence, from Page 12 objection to this system is the infrastructure requirements, mainly fencing and drinking water delivery systems.
Fencing
Good fencing is essential for successful management of a high intensity-short duration grazing system, but it can be established in an economical manner. Most producers use permanent fencing for perimeter fences and moveable fencing for individual paddocks. Others construct permanent paddocks for all or part of their pastures, which removes the necessity of moving fence. Permanent paddocks work well if cattle numbers remain fairly stable and the manager is experienced in rotational grazing. A cost-saving opportunity is to determine the amount of permanent fencing in place before buying new materials. Existing woven or barbed wire fencing will work fine for perimeter fence as long as it provides an effective barrier for cattle. An old fence is improved by adding a single electric wire on a strut that protrudes into the pasture.
Never electrify barbed wire since animals can cut themselves badly on the barbs when recoiling from a shock. “With movable interior fencing, paddock size is easily altered to meet changes in forage growth or herd size and is less expensive than permanent fencing,” said Undersander. “Portable wires and tapes are made of polyethylene imbedded with stainless steel strands. The greater the number of metal strands, the longer the tape or wire will last. Polywire is a braided wire and available in a variety of colors and lengths. Brightly colored tape is more easily seen by cattle and is good for training animals to rotational grazing.” Both polywire and polytape come on light-weight reels that easily are moved and hooked on perimeter fences. A single strand is all that is needed between temporary paddocks since electric fencing is a fear barrier rather than a physical barrier. A second strand may be needed when very young calves are kept with their dams. “Most grazing managers use
See ELECTRIC, Page 14
The Land & Livestock Post
September 2018 — Issue II
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News Electric, from Page 13
Photo by Robert Fears
lightweight plastic or fiberglass posts to hold up the polywire. These posts are so light that is possible to carry 20 or 30 at a time,” Undersander said. Their narrow ends easily are inserted into the ground by stepping on a side lip or pushing down from the top.” Electricity is supplied to the fence by an energizer that acquires electrical energy from an outside source such as a 110-volt outlet, battery or solar panel. The energizer pushes energy through the polywire in very brief pulses. When an animal touches the energized wires, the resulting shock deters the animal from challenging the fence again. Cost of temporary fencing is reduced by using the same fencing for multiple paddocks. The fence is moved with the cattle.
Drinking water delivery systems A second challenge in developing a high intensity-short duration is the
Components of electric fencing include an energizer, polywire or polytape, plastic or fiberglass posts and various types of connectors. delivery of clean, fresh water to each paddock. It is preferable to deliver water to cattle rather than force them to walk long distances to satisfy their thirst. The source of water is not always the best location for a water tank. “Development of a water system that delivers water to each paddock is a better alternative than one or two centralized drinking locations for the entire grazing area,” said Grant Wells when he was with Iowa State University Extension. “Individual paddock water devices reduce parasite loads that can occur in areas around centralized water tanks. “Cattle tend to drink individually where water is supplied to paddocks 10 acres or less in size. In this situation, small movable tanks or tubs that hold 25 to 35 gallons and are connected to a wa-
See WATER, Page 15
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September 2018 — Issue II
The Land & Livestock Post
News Water, from Page 14 ter supply are sufficient. Flow rates of two to six gallons per minute are required to keep the tank full.” Usually it is best to locate tanks along fence lines and in a central location, especially in paddocks more than 10 acres in size. The most economical piping is flexible polyethylene pipe laid on top of the ground. Flexible polyethylene pipe is available in large rolls and in a wide range of diameters and pressure ratings. It is cut easily with a utility knife and its flexibility allows you to wind it around corners without the necessity of joints. Quick connect couplers installed at regular intervals along the flexible polyethylene pipe facilitate movement of water troughs and
reconnection to the piping grid. A stock-proof trough valve is needed to regulate water flow into the trough and ensure that it is kept full. Another reason, beyond infrastructure requirements, for not initiating a high intensityshort duration grazing system is the perceived amount of labor needed to move cattle. The time required, however, is minimal if paddocks are designed for efficacy. Many producers, using a high intensity-short duration system, report that they only spend an average of 15 minutes per day moving cattle. There are stocker operators that move herds of 250 to 2,000 animals in that time frame. High intensity-short duration grazing offers many advantages and the necessary infrastructure can be established at reasonable costs.
Drought, from Page 5 “Our industry produces the food that feeds the world. Commodity markets are influenced by global factors, and it’s important we expand beyond just domestic awareness to a global understanding,” Sullivan said. She emceed the gathering, and is a board member of the Texas and Southwestern Cattle Raisers Association, host of the event. Blach acknowledged the impacts of the drought conditions faced by many cattle raisers, and expressed optimism that weather trends would bring improved conditions by October for the ranchers from Brazos and surrounding counties in attendance. Fifty-five percent of cattle are in the Plains states, from Texas up to North Dakota, Blach said. “Cows end up going to market if we don’t have rain,” he said. “It’s been a real mixed bag from a weather standpoint,”
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Blach said of Texas conditions. “Looking at grazing conditions, other areas have been hit worse.” Blach displayed a National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration map from Aug. 21 that showed much of south central Texas experiencing either abnormally dry or moderate drought conditions, the two mildest categories on the five-category NOAA drought scale. The Four Corners region, much of
Missouri, parts of eastern Kansas and areas in southwest Oregon have experienced extreme or exceptional drought conditions. Blach made a strong suggestion to attendees that the best time to buy calves is in October and November, because of summer and early fall drought conditions, and urged selling in the spring. “It consistently has the highest probability of being a profit venture,” he said.
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September 2018 — Issue II
Small Farm Innovations 3701 TX-36 S • 979.200.0766 SaleS • Service • PartS
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News Western Heritage ranch sorting school and competition to be Sept. 29 Special to The Post
Cowboy Fellowship of Aggieland is hosting a Ranch Sorting School and Competition on Sept. 29 at Still Creek Ranch. Separate adult and youth classes will be held concurrently beginning at 9 a.m. Cost for riders is $60 if preregistered by Sept. 25. After that, cost is $75. Preregistration can be done at www.aggielandcowboy. com under “Events” Western Heritage sorting is for those who excel in slow and quiet cattle handling. Riders are limited to a trot or slower, and verbal noise directed to influence cattle is prohibited. Western Heritage Sorting follows standard Cinch RSNC rules. Each school registrant receives a Cinch Ranch Sorting National Championship graduation
certificate and a complimentary 1-year C-RSNC membership. The Western Heritage Ranch Sorting School is coordinated by Cinch Ranch Sorting National Championship, and is for any aspiring and rookie ranch horse rider with little to no ranch sorting experience. Classes will include Training Horses to Work Cattle; Working/Handling Cattle Horseback; Use of Hands, Seat, Feet, Legs and Head in Riding Horses; and Mechanics/Strategies Used in Ranch Sorting. There will be a biscuit and gravy breakfast complimentary of the Cowboy Fellowship of Aggieland Chuckwagon at 7:30 a.m.. There will be a Cowboy Church service at noon featuring the Cowboy Fellowship of Aggieland Band. There will be concessions
available for purchase. The day will culminate with a Western Heritage Ranch Sorting Competition that will include beginner and rookie classes, as well as an open (stockman) class. Beginner and rookie classes are $20 per run with pick/draw partner, and a 50 percent payback. Maximum of five runs. Buckles, bridles, halters, and mugs will be awarded to top beginner and rookie teams, and buckles also will be awarded to the top teams in four divisions (Top 4-H, Cowboy Church, 40-something ladies, and nonspecific) across the three classes. Rancher/stockman class is $25 per run. It is open to any rider on any horse. Buckles and Dennis Moreland trophy spurs will be awarded to top team and a 50 percent payback, $500. added. Books open at 8: a.m. and close
at 3:30 p.m.. The sorting begins at 4:30 p.m.
For more information, go to www.aggielandcowboy.com
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September 2018 — Issue II
The Land & Livestock Post
News A&M vice chancellor: Agriculture must battle chronic disease By GaBe Saldana Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service
DALLAS — Urban residents making up some 80 percent of the U.S. population remain disconnected from agricultural food sources and increasingly are afflicted by nutrition- and diet-related chronic disease, said Patrick Stover, Texas A&M University System vice chancellor and dean for agriculture and life sciences. “About half of U.S. adults are acquiring some type of medical condition related to the food they eat, costing the country about $1 trillion each year,” he said. Stover — also sole finalist to become director of Texas A&M AgriLife Research — said agricultural science must shift its focus beyond generating food to generating a “food environment that promotes healthy people.” “We must enhance health-promoting qualities in agricultural commodities and connect growing urban populations to the
Texas A&M AgriLife photo by Gabe Saldana
AgriLife Extension turfgrass specialist Lindsey Hoffman, left, and lead turfgrass breeding scientist Ambika Chandra, third from left, host Texas A&M Vice Chancellor Patrick Stover on a tour of research greenhouses in Dallas. rural agricultural activity improving their health and quality of life,” he said. The vice chancellor, who joined Texas A&M in March, made the remarks during a two-day tour of initiatives at the Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center in Dallas. The center’s new headquarters is slated to open later this year. “Agriculture must become integral to urban culture,” Stover said. “People today, as we become more urbanized, don’t know where our food comes from or its role in our health. That has to change.” Meanwhile, he said, agricultural science must grow its capacity for harness-
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The Land & Livestock Post
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September 2018 — Issue II
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News Texas A&M AgriLife photo by Gabe Saldana
Patrick Stover, Texas A&M University System vice chancellor, front, tours ongoing construction of a new headquarters at the Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center at Dallas.
Disease, from Page 17 ing “big data” to improve food quantity, quality and economic value based on the varying nutritional needs of individual persons. “Robust data does not exist yet for us to affect this,” Stover said. “But these resources will enable us to begin setting recommendations for food production and legislation based on reducing chronic disease.” During his visit, the vice chancellor met with regional leaders of the Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service. They discussed efforts of the agency’s Healthy Texas initiative on preventive health, which includes a range of food and nutrition program-
ming. He also met with AgriLife Extension’s regional 4-H officials to discuss ongoing learning initiatives at local schools. Stover spent a day touring the field research plots and laboratories of the Dallas center’s turfgrass breeding, plant disease immunity and genome research teams. He and center personnel discussed emerging technologies in fundamental plant sciences and their applications in better
agricultural systems. He also met with turfgrass program stakeholders including the Turfgrass Producers of Texas trade association, the U.S. Golf Association and Tanglewood Golf Resort of Pottsboro. Stover toured water- and resource-efficient landscape installations as well as the IPM Experience House — a pest-
See EXPERTISE, Page 19
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September 2018 — Issue II
The Land & Livestock Post
News Expertise, from Page 18 control-industry teaching facility focused on integrated pest management and run by AgriLife Extension entomologists at the Dallas center. He traveled with the center’s Water University program to Tarrant Regional Water District Headquarters in Fort Worth. There, the group explored a demonstration landscape by Water University and the regional water provider. The installation teaches visitors to use native and adapted plant life for water conservation and quality protection. The groups also reviewed historical collaborations in ecological engineering and watershed planning.
Texas A&M AgriLife photo by Sarah Pyatt
A group including Texas A&M Vice Chancellor Patrick Stover tours a demonstration landscape installation atTarrant RegionalWater District in FortWorth,designed byTexasA&M AgriLife Research’s Dallas-basedWater University program. “All of these programs represent a multi-discipline approach that brings to bear the full agricultural expertise of the Texas A&M University System to boost our economy, protect our resources and promote a high quality of life for Texans,” Stover said. “We believe our efforts over the next five years will place us in the midst of an agricultural revolution.”
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The Land & Livestock Post
September 2018 — Issue II
19
News First cow in Florida found with a form of mad cow disease By JENNY STALETOVICH Miami Herald
MIAMI — A Florida cow has turned up with a form of mad cow disease, the sixth to be confirmed in the U.S. and first in Florida since the disease was diagnosed in the mid 1980s amid a widespread outbreak in Europe blamed for infecting humans with a fatal brain disorder. The infection was detected as part of a national surveillance effort, so never entered the food chain and poses no human health risk, state agriculture officials said. The 6-year-old mixed breed beef cow tested positive for atypical bovine spongiform encephalopathy. Unlike the classical form of the disease spread by contaminated feed made from infected animals, the atypical version appears spontaneously and rarely, officials said. It’s not known what causes the atypical version, although it typically occurs in older cattle. The cow was tested as part of the USDA’s
surveillance system that inspects animals deemed unsuitable for slaughter, a press release said. State and federal agriculture officials are investigating. It’s not known what risk the case poses to the state’s cattle industry. The Florida agency declined to make anyone available to answer questions and in a brief email said there’s no evidence atypical mad cow causes brain disease in humans. However, Germany’s national health institute, where mad cow is more prevalent, said in a 2014 report that the atypical form of the disease can be transmitted to humans if undercooked diseased meat is eaten. The atypical version also is likely the cause of infected feed that spreads the classical form, the study said. Mad cow has been linked to a form of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, a rare, degenerative, fatal brain disorder that usually appears in older people. After cows were infected in Europe, nearly 200 people came down with
See MAD COW, Page 21
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RABRownRAnch.com September 2018 — Issue II
The Land & Livestock Post
News Mad cow, from Page 20 the disease. It’s believed the disease is carried in a prion, a protein smaller than a virus that can cause abnormalities in the brain in older cows, said ZooMiami veterinarian Frank Ridgley. The disease was first diagnosed in the United Kingdom in 1986, where hundreds of thousands of cows were infected. It has since been detected in other countries. In the U.S., only five cases have been confirmed until now, in California, Alabama, Texas and Washington. The last U.S. case was in July 2017, when an 11-year-old cow showing signs of the disease tested positive. Worldwide, about 90 cases of the spontaneous, atypical form had been documented by 2014, the German report said. “We get briefly informed about it in vet school and if there’s any importation of animals, that’s always addressed and usually
they have to be watched,” Ridgley said. “But U.S. vets and the ag department have not really been in the war zones like Europe. We’re always being vigilant, but we haven’t had the on-the-ground experience like in Europe.” In the U.S. cattle also often are slaughtered before the age at which spontaneous mad cow is detected, he said. After it was discovered in Europe, the U.S. banned feed in 1997 that uses cow parts and other animals that might carry the disease. The UK now excludes any animals older than 30 months from its food supplies. Now that a case has been detected in Florida, it’s likely agriculture officials will conduct a lengthy review. In previous cases, they examined offspring and any cattle that might be connected to the infected animal, as well as records for the entire herd, and traced feed to look for possible sources.
AgriLife Research’s Gary Peterson retires By Blair Fannin Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service
LUBBOCK — Gary Peterson’s career with Texas A&M AgriLife Research has come full circle as he puts the wraps on 36 years in sorghum breeding. After graduating on a Saturday night from Oklahoma State University in 1982, Peterson went to work the following Wednesday at the Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center in Lubbock, specializing in breeding hybrids resistant to insects. Peterson has been recognized for his international research work. He received the Texas A&M University System Vice Chancellor’s Award in Excellence for international involvement in 2009. The award recognized his 27
years of sustained leadership in sorghum improvement and educating international students. Peterson said he has enjoyed his career and was glad to meet scientists such as Roy Quinby, former AgriLife Research Chillicothe Station director. “I got the golden opportunity
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September 2018 — Issue II
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1) 0% annual percentage rates (apr) for 72 months. aVailaBlE to QUaliFiEd CUStoMErS who finance a new 2018 tundra Special Edition (tB package) through toyota Financial Services. Higher rates apply for customers with lower credit ratings. Specific vehicles are subject to availability. apr may not be combined with any other Customer Cash or lease offers. Monthly payment for every $1,000 financed is $16.67. Must take retail delivery from dealer stock. dealer sets final actual price. offer expires 10-01-2018 in ar, la, MS, oK, tx only. Contact participating dealer for details. plUS $2000 Customer Cash from tMS, GSt on a new 2018 tundra. Customer Cash is not available with Special apr or lease offers. Must take delivery from dealer stock. dealer sets final price. offer expires 10-01-2018 in ar, la, MS, oK, tx. Contact participating dealer for details. 2) $3000 Customer Cash from tMS, GSt on a new 2018 tundra. Customer Cash is not available with Special apr or lease offers. Must take delivery from dealer stock. dealer sets final price. offer expires 10-01-2018 in ar, la, MS, oK, tx. Contact participating dealer for details.
September 2018 — Issue II
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September 2018 — Issue II
The Land & Livestock Post