a facility for progressive self-sufficiency at
hauz-i-rani New Delhi
thesis 2013
Bhavika Aggarwal A/2004/2008
declaration by the candidate
The research work embodied in this thesis, titled A Facility for Progressive Self-sufficiency, has been carried out by the undersigned as part of the undergraduate program in the Department of Architecture, School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi, India under the supervision of Prof. Anuj Mehta and Prof. Satish Dabral.
The undersigned hereby declares that this is her original work and has not been plagiarized in part or full from any source. This work has not been submitted for any degree in this or any other University.
Bhavika Aggarwal A/2004/2008
a facility for progressive self-sufficiency thesis 2013
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certificate by thesis coordinator
This thesis was carried out during the January–May 2013 semester in the Department of Architecture. Thereafter, based on this declaration by the candidate, the thesis was presented to the External Jury, held on 8-9 May 2013.
On successful completion of the Bachelor of Architecture Course by the Candidate, the undersigned hereby accepts the Thesis Report on behalf of the Department, so that it may be placed in the Architecture Library.
For this work the candidate was awarded: Internal Evaluation during the Semester: __ out of 300 marks
External Jury Evaluation (8-9 May 2013): __ out of 350 marks
Dr. Aruna Ramani Grover Thesis Co-ordinator Department of Architecture School of Planning and Architecture New Delhi –110002
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acknowledgements
I would like to express my sincere thanks to my thesis guides Prof. Satish Dabral and Shri Anuj Mehta for guiding me through the research and design process. I would also like to thank Dr. Aruna Ramani and other faculty members for their constructive inputs during studios.
I also thank my friends and family for their constant support and valuable comments.
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table of contents
section B
section A
Design Investigation 14
Chapter 1 / Thesis Investigation
India’s Urban Awakening: The Elusive Inclusive City
Design Translation 73
Chapter 6 / design translation
80
Chapter 7 / design development
98
Chapter 8 / portfolio
Synthesis Evolution
Chapter 2 / Research 18 24
2 .1 Areas of Research 2.2 Case Studies
49
Chapter 3 / Project Introduction
58
Chapter 4 / Site Information
66
Chapter 5 / Design Cues
A Facility for Progressive Self-sufficiency at Hauz-i-Rani
Hauz-i-Rani
The Way Forward
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list of figures, drawings, maps & photographs
Fig. 1
Urban Populaion, Delhi, author, based on (Govt. of NCTD, 2009)
Fig. 21
Drawings, Transbay Transit Center, (Transbay Transit Centre, 2013)
Fig. 2
Urban Area, Delhi, author, based on (Govt. of NCTD, 2009)
Fig. 22
The Towada City Plaza for Social Communication, (Kengo Kuma and
Fig. 3
Urban Growth, Delhi, (Chadchana & Shankar, 2012)
Fig. 4,
Occupational Shift, author, graphics based on (The Noun Project)
Fig. 23
Bulembu Vocational Training Centre (Sahee, 2011)
Fig. 5
The Evolution of Urban Villages, author, graphics based on (The Noun
Fig. 24
Location map of Bulembu, (Wikipedia, 2012)
Project)
Fig. 25
Drawings, Bulembu Vocational Training Centre (Sahee, 2011)
Fig. 6
Thesis Proposition, author, graphics based on (The Noun Project)
Fig. 26
Drawings, Bulembu Vocational Training Centre (Sahee, 2011)
Fig. 7
Urban Catalysts, author
Fig. 27
Women’s Centre, (ArchNet, 2002)
Fig. 8
Urban Catalysts, author
Fig. 28
Drawings, Women’s Centre, (ArchNet, 2002)
Fig. 9
The Third Place, author
Fig. 29
Drawings, Women’s Centre, (ArchNet, 2002)
Fig. 10
The characteristics of a Third Place, author, graphics based on (The
Fig. 30
Drawings, Women’s Centre, (ArchNet, 2002)
Associates)
Noun Project)
Fig. 31
Vocational Training Centre at Vaghaldhara, (VVTC, 2013)
Fig. 11
Integrated mixed use developments, author
Fig. 32
Model, Vocational Training Centre at Vaghaldhara, (VVTC, 2009)
Fig. 12
basis for selection of case studies, author, graphics based on (The
Fig. 33
Drawings, Vocational Training Centre at Vaghaldhara, (VVTC, 2009)
Noun Project)
Fig. 34
Drawings, Vocational Training Centre at Vaghaldhara, (VVTC, 2009)
Fig. 13
L’arbrisseau Neighborhood Centre, (Colboc Franzen & Associes)
Fig. 35
Drawings Vocational Training Centre at Vaghaldhara, (VVTC, 2009)
Fig. 14
Drawings, L’arbrisseau Neighborhood Centre, (Colboc Franzen &
Fig. 36
Industrial Training Institute, Malviya Nagar (author)
Associes)
Fig. 37
Schematic Drawings, Industrial Training Institute, Malviya Nagar (author)
Drawings, L’arbrisseau Neighborhood Centre, (Colboc Franzen &
Fig. 38
project intent, author, graphics based on (The Noun Project)
Associes)
Fig. 39
project programme, author, graphics based on (The Noun Project)
Fig. 16
L’arbrisseau Neighborhood Centre, (Colboc Franzen & Associes)
Fig. 40
site location map, author, based on (Google Inc., 2013)
Fig. 17
Trisca Social Centre, (MIMOA)
Fig. 41)
History of Hauz-i-Rani, (Aggarwal, Bajaj, & Patankar, Hauz ki Kahaani:
Fig. 18
Drawings, Trisca Social Centre (Compostela Architecture Program
Fig. 15
Bringing Back the Hauz, 2011)
Spain)
Fig. 42
site location map, author, based on (Google Inc., 2013)
Fig. 19
Trisca Social Centre (Compostela Architecture Program Spain)
Fig. 43
Zonal Development Plan for Zone F, South Delhi, (Delhi Development
Fig. 20
Transbay Transit Center, (Transbay Transit Centre, 2013)
Authority, 2010)
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6
Fig. 44
site location map, author, based on (Google Inc., 2013)
Fig. 78
Design Evolution, author
Fig. 45
site plan, author
Fig. 79
Design Evolution, author
Fig. 46
site images, author
Fig. 80
Design Evolution, author
Fig. 47
site images, author
Fig. 81
Design Evolution, author
Fig. 48
cues to design, author, graphics based on (The Noun Project)
Fig. 82
panel for internal jury, author
Fig. 49
holistic intervention, author
Fig. 83
concept / process sketches, author
Fig. 50
design cues, author
Fig. 84
stage models (1:500), author
Fig. 51
design cues, author
Fig. 85
detail model of pergola, author
Fig. 52
design cues, author
Fig. 86
context model (1:500), author
Fig. 53
design cues, author
Fig. 87
plan view, model (1:200), author
Fig. 54
Design Concepts, author
Fig. 88
view from south-east, model (1:200), author
Fig. 55
Design Concepts, author
Fig. 89
view from south-east, model (1:200), author
Fig. 56
Design Concepts, author
Fig. 90
view from south-west, model (1:200), author
Fig. 57
Fatehpur Sikri (Moretti, 2008)
Fig. 91
view from north-west, model (1:200), author
Fig. 58
Gandhi Smarak Sanghralaya (Godel, 2010)
Fig. 92
view from north-west, model (1:200), author
Fig. 59
Bharat Bhavan (Godel, 2010)
Fig. 93
view from west, model (1:200), author
Fig. 60
Figure Ground: March 20, author
Fig. 94
view from south, model (1:200), author
Fig. 61
Figure Ground: March 20, author
Fig. 95
view from south, model (1:200), author
Fig. 62
Figure Ground: March 20, author
Fig. 96
view from south, model (1:200), author
Fig. 63
material board, author, based on (Google Inc., 2013)
Fig. 64
Design Evolution, author
Fig. 65
Design Evolution, author
Fig. 66
Design Evolution, author
Fig. 67
Design Evolution, author
Fig. 68
Design Evolution, author
Fig. 69
Design Evolution, author
Fig. 70
Design Evolution, author
Fig. 71
Design Evolution, author
Fig. 72
Design Evolution, author
Fig. 73
Design Evolution, author
Fig. 74
Design Evolution, author
Fig. 75
Design Evolution, author
Fig. 76
Design Evolution, author
Fig. 77
Design Evolution, author
a facility for progressive self-sufficiency thesis 2013
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list of tables
Table 1
inferences from case studies, author
Table 2
inferences from case studies, author
Table 3
project programme, author
Table 4
institutional programme, author
Table 5
residential programme, author
Table 6
commercial programme, author
Table 7
Site SWOT, author
a facility for progressive self-sufficiency thesis 2013
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thesis synopsis
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थीसिस सारांश िाइट: हौज-i-रानी, माऱवीय नगर, हदल्ऱी
थीसिि प्रस्ताव: गररमा के िाथ ववकाि
यािीव चौक
शहयी गाॊव रगाताय फदर यहे हैं। इस प्रक्रिमा से ऩयु ाने ग्राभीणों औय नए प्रवाससमों के आर्थिक व साभाजिक ववकास ऩय सकायात्भक प्रबाव ऩड़ता है ।
सावििननक ननवेश से इस प्रक्रिमा को गनत सभरती है ।
इॊडडमा गेट
मह अनुकूरन प्रक्रिमा भासरकों द्वाया रगाताय ननवेश ऩय बी ननबिय होती है ।
क्या हम एक ऐिी िवु वधा का ननमााण कर िकतें है जो शहरी गाांवों के आर्थाक आत्मननर्ारता और िमग्र ववकाि के सऱए एक उत्प्रेरक के रूऩ में काम कर िकें?
साईट
अनुिांधान का क्षेत्र
प्रकरण अध्ययन ऱ’अरब्रिस्िो ऩडोिई केंद्र, सऱऱे, फ्ाांि साभुदाज मक केन्द्र
केंद्रीम प्राॊगण, िुड़े हुए ऺेत्रों की व्मवस्था
भास यै वऩड ट्ाॊजिट स्टे शनों के ऩास सावििननक सबा औय सभावेशी स्थानों का ननभािणै।
ब्रत्रस्का िामाजजक िाांस्कृनतक केंद्र, िेंहटआगो दे कोम्ऩोस्तेऱा, स्ऩेन
साभुदाज मक केन्द्र हय भॊजिर ऩय अरग कामििभ, स्थानीम औय फाहयई जअनतथ
फहु प्रमोिन व सभर्ित उऩमोग केंद्रों िो ववसबन्न सुववधाएॊ (आवासीम, वाणणजयमक, सॊस्थागत, साॊस्कृनतक) को एकीकृत कयतें है , मह सुववधाएॊ एक दस ू ये का सभथिन (आर्थिक, प्रोग्राभ के रूऩ भें ) कैसे कय सकतें है । ट्राांस्बय ट्राांजजट केंद्र, िैन फ्ाांसिस्को, अमेररका
फहुववध ऩायगभन स्टे शन फाहयी प्रदशिनी स्थान िो सावििननक ऩाकि के साथ एकीकृत है
गीताॊजिर
सावििननक सॊस्थान औय वास्तु हस्तऺेऩ िो शहयी गाॊवों औय गयीफ ऺेत्रों के आर्थिक आत्भननबियता के सरए उत्प्रेयक है ।
ऩुसरस थाना
क्रकरा याम वऩथौया
कमजोररयों
सावििननक ऩरयवहन, उत्कृष्ट कनेजटटववटी साइट ऩय फहुत रोग आते है साइट ऩय भौिूदा प्रचरन ऩथ भिफूत आवासीम चरयत्र न्मूनतभ ऩाक्रकिंग सुववधा की आवश्मकता
कारोननमों से कभज़ोय कनेजटटववटी िहटर वाहननम ऩहुॉच शोय औय मातामात िभाव साइट के असाभान्म क्रकनाये औय कोने साईट के क्रकनाये ऩय कब्र
अविर
खतरे
खुरे हयी बूसभ के फचे हुए ऩैच भेट्ो स्टे शन का फॊद ननकास सशवासरक कारोनी का फॊद ननकास
तेिी से िेजन्त्रपीकेशन साइट ऩय भहॊ गी व्मावसानमक दक ु ानों के ननभािण से ग्राभीण फाहय हो सकते हैं
भारवीम नगय
सशवासरक
अस्ऩतार डीएभआयसी कामािरम
ताकत
ववद्मारम
गुरुद्वाया हौि यानी
साईट
अस्ऩतार
ऩाक्रकिंग साकेत
िन वाहटका
अस्ऩतार
महहऱा केंद्र, रुफ़िस्क, िेनेगऱ
वोकेशनऱ ट्रे ननांग िैंटर, वागाल्धरा, गज ु रात
औद्योर्गक प्रसशक्षण िांस्थान, माऱवीय नगर
भहहरा केंद्र केंद्रीम आॊगन, अर्द्ि खुरे फयाभदे
व्मावसानमक केंद्र केंद्रीम आॊगन, अर्द्ि खुरे फयाभदे
व्मावसानमक केंद्र केंद्रीम आॊगन, बूतर ऩय बायी भशीन / कामिशाराए
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कायि वाई िो चर यही है
ऩररयोजना ऩररचय: कायाक्रम और ऱक्ष्य
प्रगनत को फढावा दे ना
प्रमख ु अवधारणाए
हौज-i-रानी, नई हदल्ऱी के सऱए एक
प्रगती और आत्मननर्ारता के सऱए एक िुववधा
व्मजटतगत स्वतॊत्रता सवु वधा उऩरब्ध कयाने औय दानमत्वों को ऩूया कयने के सरए ऩमािप्त सॊसाधन
एक इभायत मा स्थान िो एक ववशेष सेवा प्रदान कयता है मा िो ववशेष रूऩ से उद्मोग के सरए प्रमोग क्रकमा िाता है कहिनाई के बफना कुशर प्रदशिन मा ऺभता सड़क से ऩाकि के सरए प्रत्मऺ सावििननक अऺ कई सभवऩित “आॊगन” के भाध्मभ से ऩाकि तक अप्रत्मऺ, घुभावदाय ऩथ
एक सभग्र कई उऩमोगों के भेट्ो स्टे शन गाॊव के हस्तऺेऩ एकीकयण, स्थाननक के साथ साथ ऩदानि इॊटयपेस इॊटयपेस ु भ
सॊस्थागत आवास व्माऩारयक
3325 m2 2040 m2 1450 m2
सॊऩण 6815 m2 ू ि साइट ऺेत्र 12060 m2 एपएआय
0.56
भेट्ो के आर्थिक ऩास सभावेशी सहमोग की सावििननक स्थान सवु वधा
ववकास को कौशर औय उत्प्रेरयत कयना सॊऩजत्त की ववृ र्द्
स्थानीम सशल्ऩ अथिव्मवस्था की सवु वधा
एक सक्रिम 24x7 भाहौर फनाना
आांगन 1/ प्रवेश
2/ जन 3/ सशल्ऩ
4/ गाांव
5/ बाज़ार
6/
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section a
Design investigation
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chapter 1.o/ thesis investigation
India’s urban awakening: the elusive inclusive city
I
ndia has traditionally been an agrarian economy, and in 1947 when it gained independence, only 17.3% of its population lived in cities (Talwar, 1997).
to the secondary and tertiary.
Over this last half-decade our nation has faced many socio-economic changes: large scale industry- the “temples of modern India�- and now the service economy. Employment has steadily moved away from the primary
In 2011, 31.16% of Indians lived in urban areas (Census of India, 2011). Our cities have grown; continue to sprawl and absorb surrounding agricultural land. In some cases there remain no traces of these old villages. However, most survive despite being engulfed by the expanding urban sprawl.
Urban Population, Delhi
Urban Growth, Delhi 1974
1999 Fig. 1, Urban Populaion, Delhi author, based on (Govt. of NCTD, 2009)
88.2% 1961
93.2% 2001
Fig. 2, Urban Area, Delhi author, based on (Govt. of NCTD, 2009) Fig. 3, Urban Growth, Delhi
Urban Area, Delhi
(Chadchana & Shankar, 2012)
62% 2001
22% 1961
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The Evolution of an Urban Village
Scattered across modern Indian cities, there remain areas where the morphology of extant villages can be clearly distinguished decades after the surrounding farmlands were converted into offices, houses and shops. As economist and urban theorist Sanjeev Sanyal has said, “this is a distinctive aspect of Indian civilisation — the ability to allow the past to live in the present� (Sanyal, 2010).
Every village generally goes through a series of stages, as outlined by Sanyal (Sanyal, 2010):
These urban villages have dramatically changed with time. Social and economic pressures and inadequacies have meant that these areas remain in a sort of limbo, caught between modern India and an older, less economically developed past. The main source of income has changed from agriculture and husbandry to the service sector. Villagers find employment as informal skilled and unskilled workers or in small businesses (Soni, 2011) (Verma, 2010). While these villages are essential to the daily routine of Indian cities and their contribution to the economic system remains unquestioned, they remain largely ignored by civic authorities. Infrastructure is often much worse than in surrounding city areas, and public investment is directly proportional to the income level of the village. However, with poor civic infrastructure it becomes increasingly tough for villagers to rise out of an endless cycle of poverty and dependency. Urban villages remain on the fringes of Indian cities.
1. Farmers sell their land to the government or to a developer. Most then invest their new wealth in businesses such as transportation, labour contracting, supply of construction material, etc.. Villagers who move out usually retain their houses in the old village settlement. This settlement, a lal dora area, is exempt from usual municipal and building codes and new construction has little regard for safety or ventilation. These buildings become home to construction workers and other service providers who move into the area. Thus, the village turns into a slum with the old villagers as slum-lords. 2. After about a decade, construction work begins to slow down. Construction workers drift away and new migrants (security guards, maids, drivers, etc.) move in. Shops selling construction material and hardware are replaced by shops selling mobile phones, street food, car parts,etc.. There is private and some public investment in amenities such as common toilets. 3. After another 10 to 15 years, the surrounding area is well-settled and open agricultural fields are a distant memory. Students, salesmen and small businessmen move into the village. Old villagers continue to be the dominant owners of land but they now begin to invest in improving their individual properties in order to elicit higher rents. In many instances, the owners have become politically important enough
Occupational Shift
primary sector agriculture and husbandry
e
The Urban Village
industry, service, commerce and retail, household help
urban villages generally lack basic civic amenities such as roads, access to potable water, health and sanitation. Fig. 4, Occupational Shift author, graphics based on (The Noun Project)
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to lobby for public investment in basic drainage and sanitation. Public transport connections have a strong positive effect on the economic dynamism. Shops upgrade themselves: for example, old streetfood sellers become cheap restaurants. 4. The village gentrifies. This can happen in a number of ways. Hauz Khas village has become a warren of boutique shops, art galleries and trendy restaurants. Mahipalpur, near the international airport, has seen an explosion of cheap hotels. Shahpur Jat has become home to a numerous small offices and designer workshops. In many cases, the old villagers have encashed their real estate and the ownership pattern has become much more mixed. The areas now grapple with the problems of prosperity such as inadequate parking. Sanyal’s analysis tells us that urban villages are constantly changing and that this process of evolution has a positive impact on the economic and social development of both the old villagers as well as new migrants. There are two important learnings (Sanyal, 2010): 1. First, public investment in the “commons” speeds up the development process. Amenities such as common toilets, public transport and drainage can have an important impact on the quality of life of residents as well as attract new economic opportunities. 2. Second, the process of adaptation depends on decades of steady investment by the owners.
The Elusive Inclusive City The current model of development regards economic growth –GDP- as its only measure (Bhaduri, The Face You Were Afraid to See: Essays on the Indian Economy, 2009) (Bhaduri, Development with dignity: a case for full employment, 2006). We consider the presence of high-tech industries and intensive capital-generating commercialization essential to the very notion of development. However, much of this infrastructure-building remains exclusive to the rich and its positive impact rarely trickles down to the poor. Consequently, the poor are unable to contribute to this system either as buyers or sellers and lower income groups are frequently marginalized. As a measure of this rising inequity, it seems that public investment in the infrastructure development of particular region relates directly to the income level or purchasing power of its residents. At the same time, most of the city’s public land is also allocated towards commercial pursuits and is only accessible to those who have economic purchasing power. There are many new malls and commercial complexes, but few cater to multiple sections of society. Even more critically, those locations which are easily accessible by public transport -near metro stations, for example- are deemed high real-estate and it is unthinkable to imagine an inclusive facility here. More often than not, these new developments take no
Urban villages are constantly changing and that this process of evolution has a positive impact on the economic and social development of both the old villagers as well as new migrants.
Public investment in the “commons” speeds up the development process.
The process of adaptation depends on decades of steady investment by the owners. Fig. 5, The Evolution of Urban Villages author, graphics based on (The Noun Project)
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regard of the existing local population, unlikely to be able to actually use –or even access- them. Thesis Proposition: Development with Dignity The development of urban villages might be accelerated by both public investment in infrastructure and a steady increase in the income of residents. However, public investment itself depends on the prosperity of the village and so we have a catch-22 situation. Intervention in the form of a facility which aims to build long-term skills and assets for the villagers will lead to their socio-economic development. This development will be followed by improved civic infrastructure and amenities.
Thus, my research question is: Is it possible to build a facility which may act as a catalyst towards the economic self-sufficiency and so overall development of urban villages? In his 2006 book, Development with Dignity, economist Amit Bhaduri (Bhaduri, Development with dignity: a case for full employment, 2006) made a strong stance for a new notion of growth, one which is inclusive and lasting. Through this thesis endeavour, I hope to create a feasible model for open, public land which creates a node to centre the positive transformation of the area around, which catalyses economic stability and thus infrastructural improvements, and, most critically, does not leave anyone behind.
increase in cash in-flow to the village
villagers learn new skills, become economically selfsufficient
villagers support and invest in their property, pay increased taxes and the village becomes prosperous
increased public investment in civic infrastructure leads to social, cultural and economic development
development with dignity Fig. 6, Thesis Proposition author, graphics based on (The Noun Project)
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chapter 2.1/ research
Areas of Research
W
ith the intent and scope of the project in mind, the areas of furthur research for the thesis are as follows: 1. public institutions and architectural interventions as catalysts for economic self-sufficiency of urban villages and similar poorer city areas
2. creation of public gathering spaces/ inclusive social spaces near mass rapid transit stations 3. multi-purpose mixed use centres which integrate various facilities (institutional, cultural, commercial and residential) and explore how they might support each other (economically and programmatically)
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chapter 2.1.1/ research
Architecture as catalyst for socio-economic change
T
he idea of architecture as catalyst for social or economic change is not new. Architecture is, like most other things, a reflection of our society. However, it also has the power to help mould or change its context, both local and global. Architects committed to the design value of social change often see their work as a tool for transforming the built environment and those who live in it (Carter) (Aeschbacher & Rios, 2008). These ideas are demonstrated by grand manifestos and utopian theories. But there are also many practices which apply these ideas towards building small-scale, community oriented buildings and complexes (Metropolis Continuing Education, 2010). Such projects offer not only practical solutions to community needs, but also aim to have a broader effect on the communities in which they work, relying on the social and economic stewardship of architecture (Kell & Wakeford). The concepts urban catalysis (discussed further) considers the impact of architecture and planning towards urban regeneration and so socio-economic development.
Urban Catalysis An urban catalyst has a greater purpose than to solve a functional problem, or create an investment, or provide an amenity. A catalyst is an urban element that is shaped by the city (its “laboratory” setting) and then, in turn, shapes its context. Its purpose is the incremental, continuous regeneration of the urban fabric (Attoe & Logan, 1992). The important point is that the catalyst is not a single end product but an element that impels and guides subsequent development.
Urban Catalysis shaped by the city
shapes its context single big, vast intervention can act as a catalyst
Often those who talk about catalysts refer to vast developments; but perhaps urban catalysts can be better thought of as smaller elements—a building, a fragment of a building, a complex of buildings, or even a report or set of guidelines. Catalysis involves the introduction of one ingredient to modify others. In the process, the catalyst sometimes remains intact and sometimes is itself modified. Catalysis may be characterized as follows (Attoe & Logan, 1992): 1. The introduction of a new element causes a reac-
smaller elements—a building, a fragment of a building, a complex of buildings Fig. 7, Urban Catalysts author
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tion that modifies existing elements in an area. Although most often thought of as economic, catalysts can also be social, legal, political, or architectural.
5. Cities differ; urban design cannot assume uniformity; no single formula can be specified for all circumstances.
2. Existing urban elements of value are enhanced or transformed in positive ways. The new need not obliterate or devalue the old but can redeem it.
6. Catalytic design is strategic. Change occurs not from simple intervention but through careful calculation to influence future urban form step by step.
3. The catalytic reaction is contained; it does not damage its context. To unleash a force is not enough. Its impact must be channelled.
7. A product better than the sum of the ingredients is the goal of each catalytic reaction.
4. To ensure a positive, desired, predictable catalytic reaction, the ingredients must be considered, understood, and accepted. A comprehensive understanding is needed to produce a good limited effect.
8. The catalyst need not be consumed in the process but can remain identifiable.
catalyst is not a single end product but an element that impels and guides subsequent development
Z,ZmX A product better than the sum of the ingredients is the goal of each catalytic reaction Fig. 8, Urban Catalysts author
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chapter 2.1.2/ research
Social Spaces
S
ocial, public spaces which are truly inclusive are integral to the development of communities. By providing a secure open area for interaction, such centres facilitate stronger social ties and also economic co-dependence (Relph, 1976). These spaces shuould be supported by programmatic functions such as restaurants, retail, public art, etc. which may act as draws to the site and generate activity (Wikipedia, 2013). Community Centre Community centres are public locations where members of a community tend to gather for group activities, social support, public information, and other purposes (Jaffrelot, 2012). They may sometimes be open for the whole community or for a specialised group within the greater community (Wikipedia, 2013). Social Centre Social centres are community spaces. They are buildings which are used for a range of disparate activities, which can be linked only by being not-for-profit. They might
be organizing centers for local activities or they might provide support networks for minority groups such as prisoners and refugees (Carter). Often they provide a base for initiatives such as cafes, free shops, public computer labs, graffiti murals, legal collectives and free housing for travellers. The services are determined by both the needs of the community in which the social center is based and the skills which the participants have to offer (Wikipedia, 2013).
z
first place : home
x
second place : work-place
c
third place : anchors of community life
The Third Place The third place (also known as Third Space) is a term used in the concept of community building to refer to social surroundings separate from the two usual social environments of home and the workplace. In his influential book The Great Good Place, Ray Oldenburg (Oldenburg, 1999) (Wikipedia, 2013) argues that third places are important for civil society, democracy, civic engagement, and establishing feelings of a sense of place. Oldenburg calls one’s “first place” the home and those that one lives with. The “second place” is the workplace
facilitate and foster broader, more creative interaction and are important for civil society, democracy, civic engagement, and establishing feelings of a sense of place Fig. 9, The Third Place author
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W
— where people may actually spend most of their time.
2. Food and drink, while not essential, are important
Third places, then, are “anchors” of community life and facilitate and foster broader, more creative interaction. All societies already have informal meeting places; what is new in modern times is the intentionality of seeking them out as vital to current societal needs.
3. Highly accessible: proximate for many (walking distance) 4. Involve regulars – those who habitually congregate there
Highly accessible (walking distance)
Oldenburg suggests the following hallmarks of a true “third place” (Oldenburg, 1999):
5. Welcoming and comfortable
Involve regulars – those who habitually congregate there
1. Free or inexpensive
6. Both new friends and old should be found there.
Free or inexpensive Food and drink
M
Welcoming and comfortable Both new friends and old should be found there.
Fig. 10, The characteristics of a Third Place author, graphics based on (The Noun Project)
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chapter 2.1.3/ research
Integrated mixed-use developments
M
ixed-use developments combine residential, commercial, cultural, institutional, or industrial uses. These functions are physically and functionally integrated via pedestrian connections (Wikipedia, 2013). Such developments generate stronger and more active neighbourhoods, while increasing density and creating more compact, closer environments (Relph, 1976) (Jaffrelot, 2012). However, another advantage is purely economic. Considering the differerent market values and revenue-generation capabilities of differing functions allows the developor to combine them such that they cross-subsidise and support each other, leading to a more sustainable and long-term development.
Fig. 11, Integrated mixed use developments author
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chapter 2.2/ research
Case Studies
Considering the diverse nature of the project scope, there can be no one particular case study which encampasses the entire program. The following projects have been chosen to illustrate their competence while deailing with a particular aspect of the area program.
L’arbrisseau Neighborhood Centre Lille, France Trisca Socio-cultural Centre Santiago de Compostela, Spain Transbay Transit Center San Francisco, USA
inclusive social space
near MRTS station
The Towada City Plaza for Social Communication Towada, Aomori, Japan Bulembu Vocational Training Centre Bulembu, Swaziland
integrated mixed-use development
community development
Women’s Centre Rufisque, Senegal Vaghaldhara Vocational Training Centre Vaghaldhara, Gujarat, India
Fig. 12, basis for selection of case studies
Industrial Training Institute, Malviya Nagar New Delhi, India economic development
author, graphics based on (The Noun Project)
vocational education
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L’arbrisseau Neighborhood Centre
T
he neighbourhood of L’Arbrisseau is undergoing radical redevelopment after years of social and economic decline. The community centre is an important step in this direction and was built and designed together with local people and the city council (ArchDaily, 2011) (Colboc Franzen & Associes). The project is open to people of all ages: toddlers are on the ground floor, with a mother and child care centre. Small and slightly older children are on the first floor, where there is an infant day centre, a ‘little wings’ area and activity rooms as well as a reading corner. The second floor has a multi-purpose hall as well as an area used for adult integration courses such as cookery and computing. The third floor contains administrative offices and a four-room, on-site staff flat that includes a south-facing terrace. The building’s layout allows each age group to relate directly to the one below it and the one above. The mother and child care centre is linked to the first-floor children centre by a split-level garden. The first floor in turn connects with the second floor via the double-story library. This floor communicates with the top story of the building. The design freed up the greatest possible space for a garden around the bottom of the building. Stretching the building vertically increases its visibility and its prestige. All of the different schemes are united around a common atrium.
admn. offices
library
day care
residential
exhibition + performace spaces
RWA + village community services
mess / food hall
hall / auditorium
Architect / Colboc Franzen & Associes Site / Lille, France Year / 2011 Function / Community Centre Total floor area / 1779 m2 Maximum height / 4 floors
inclusive social space adult education / training centre integrated mixed-use development
Fig. 13, L’arbrisseau Neighborhood Centre (Colboc Franzen & Associes)
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3
1
2
5
4 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
ground floor plan first floor plan second floor plan third floor plan site plan
Fig. 14, Drawings, L’arbrisseau Neighborhood Centre (Colboc Franzen & Associes)
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1. west elevation 2. east elevation 3. section 1
Fig. 15, Drawings, L’arbrisseau Neighborhood Centre (Colboc Franzen & Associes) Fig. 16, L’arbrisseau Neighborhood Centre (Colboc Franzen & Associes)
2
3
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Trisca Sociocultural Center
T
he Trisca Sociocultural Center offers multiuse gathering spaces for residents of the San Pedro neighborhood in Santiago de Compostela, Spain (Compostela Architecture Program Spain) (MIMOA) (Stephens, 2011). The building houses a social centre for people living in the vicinity, but is also open for others. It has two large spaces for cultural activities, several meeting rooms, exhibition spaces, workshops, photo studios, ateliers, a children playroom, a mess and a reading room, apart from administrative offices. The centre has successfully become the heart of the local community while remaining public to the larger city. It provides many opportunities for interaction, play, study and transaction.
admn. offices
library
day care
studios
exhibition + performace spaces
RWA + village community services
mess / food hall
hall / auditorium
Architect / John Hejduk Developer / Centros Socioculturales de Santiago Site / Santiago de Compostela, Spain Year / 2003 Function / Community Centre Total floor area / 600 m2 Maximum height / 4 floors
inclusive social space
integrated mixed-use development
Fig. 17, Trisca Social Centre (MIMOA)
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1 1. typical floor plan 2. section 3. section Fig. 18, Drawings, Trisca Social Centre (Compostela Architecture Program Spain)
2
3
Fig. 19, Trisca Social Centre (Compostela Architecture Program Spain)
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Transbay Transit Center
T
ransbay Transit Center (Transbay Transit Centre, 2013) (Pelli Clark Pelli Architects, 2012) will link 11 transit systems. The design includes a 2.2 hectare rooftop park that will anchor the growth of a new mixed- use neighbourhood. At street level, shops and cafés will draw visitors and energize the surrounding neighbourhood. The rooftop park will have multiple entry points, including bridges to surrounding buildings. The program includes a 1,000-person amphitheater, cafés, a children’s playground, and quiet areas for reading and picnicking. The Transit Center is intended to spur economic development by reinvesting in a centrally located part of San Francisco that has missed out on the region’s recent economic boom. The project was conceived by the city as a public- private partnership to ensure its economic viability and thus sustainability.
public park
retail / shops
play ground
cafe and restaurant
exhibition + performace spaces
transit oriented
hall / auditorium
catalyse development
Architect / Pelli Clarke Pelli Developer / Hines Site / San Francisco, California, USA Year / proposal (2017) Function / multimodal transit station Total floor area / 140000 m2
inclusive social space
Fig. 20, Transbay Transit Center (Transbay Transit Centre, 2013)
integrated mixed-use development
mass-transit integrated
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1
2
1. ground floor plan 2. roof level plan Fig. 21, Drawings, Transbay Transit Center (Transbay Transit Centre, 2013)
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The Towada City Plaza for Social Communication
T
he facility is proposed as part of a plan by the city of Towada to activate the city center by introducing a “Plaza for Education” and a “Plaza for Social Communication” (Kengo Kuma and Associates). The city intends to improve public welfare and create an environment for lifelong learning. The plaza will improve ties and social exchange between communities by attracting public of all ages and through numerous social events. Along the “plaza of streets” will be playrooms where children can play in a safe environment and galleries that can accommodate exhibitions of all nature produced by local and international artists. In addition, offices for people who support the civic activities and small offices for other related activities will also be introduced. This will generate a network that strengthens connection with the local region.
admn. offices
retail / shops
day care
cafe and restaurant
exhibition + performace spaces
RWA + village community services
mess / food hall
adult education / training centre
Architect / Kengo Kuma & Associates Developer / City of Towada Site / Towada, Aomori, Japan Year / proposal Function / Plaza for social communication Total floor area / 2500 m2 Maximum height / 1 floor
inclusive social space
integrated mixed-use development
Fig. 22, The Towada City Plaza for Social Communication (Kengo Kuma and Associates)
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Bulembu Vocational Training Centre
T
he Bulembu Vocational Training Centre (VTC) seeks to provide youth with market driven technical job skills and training for the hospitality industry that will enable them to secure steady, well paying jobs and become productive members of society and the community. The VTC will also provide personal and social competencies, and impart key skills and abilities required in working life both in rural and urban areas. The focus is on providing short, hands-on competency based training programs which equip trainees with skills, entrepreneurial acumen and productive competencies needed for employment. The curriculum includes areas of focus to the hospitality industry such as food preparation and culinary arts; food and beverage service; reception operations and services; accommodation operations and services; and, international tourism. Subset classes will will focus on English proficiency, AIDS awareness, Entrepreneurship and Leadership Development. The overall objective of the Bulembu Vocational Training Centre is to alleviate poverty and unemployment by providing vocational training and job-creation projects for unemployed youth - especially those from historically disadvantaged communities. The facility is combined with a multi-functional hall for the use of the community.
adult education / training centre
RWA + village community services
hall / auditorium
catalyse development
Architect / Bell Architects, Ireland Developer / Canadian International Development Agency; Sahee Site / Bulembu, Swaziland Year / 2011 Function / vocational school Total floor area / 200 m2
inclusive social space
vocational education
Fig. 23, Bulembu Vocational Training Centre (Sahee, 2011) Fig. 24, Location map of Bulembu, (Wikipedia, 2012)
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9. Building Floor Plan and Elevations 9. Building Floor Plan and Elevations
Floor Plan Fig. 25, Drawings, Bulembu Vocational Training Centre (Sahee, 2011)
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1
2
3 4
5
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
west elevation east elevation entrance feature detail section north elevation south elevation
Fig. 26, Drawings, Bulembu Vocational Training Centre (Sahee, 2011)
6
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Women’s Centre
T
he women’s centre offers facilities for activities of various organisations formed by local women. The idea and the spatial programme of the centre were born in co-operation with local women’s groups (Hollmén, Reuter, & Sandman, 2005) (Hollmén- Reuter- Sandman Architects, 2002). The social goals of the project were to help: • women’s gain ‘social security’ by providing a place to create and sell handicrafts for supplemental income • acclimate women moving from rural areas to city
adult education / training centre
RWA + village community services
hall / auditorium
catalyse development
Architect / Hollmén- ReuterSandman Architects Developer / Finnish Foreign Ministry, The SenegaleseFinnish Association ARC Site / Rufisque, Senegal Year / 2001 Function / women’s centre Total floor area / 700 m2
community development
vocational education
Fig. 27, Women’s Centre (ArchNet, 2002)
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Floor Plan Fig. 28, Drawings, Women’s Centre (ArchNet, 2002)
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1
2 1. section 2. section Fig. 29, Drawings, Women’s Centre (ArchNet, 2002)
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1
1. section 2. elevation 2 Fig. 30, Drawings, Women’s Centre (ArchNet, 2002)
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Vaghaldhara Vocational Training Centre
T
he vocational centre is run by a charitable trust for underpriviliged tribal students in the Vaghaldhara area of Gujarat. The trust also runs a school in the same complex. The centre offers training in (VVTC, 2013) (VVTC, 2009):
• • • • • • • • • • • • •
electrical and house wiring electrician refrigeration and AC technician refrigeration and AC mechanic draughtsman civil junior civil supervisor computer operator and programming assistant computer and tally operator welder TIG and MIG welder plumber turner CNC turning operator
adult education / training centre
mess / food hall
residential catalyse development
Architect / Vaghaldhara Vibhag Kelavani Mandal Developer / Vaghaldhara Vibhag Kelavani Mandal, Government of Gujarat Site / Vaghaldhara, Gujarat Year / 2010 Function / vocational school Site area / 18000 m2
vocational education
Fig. 31, Vocational Training Centre at Vaghaldhara (VVTC, 2013)
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Fig. 32, Model, Vocational Training Centre at Vaghaldhara (VVTC, 2009)
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Site Plan Fig. 33, Drawings, Vocational Training Centre at Vaghaldhara (VVTC, 2009)
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Ground Floor Plan, Vocational Training Centre Fig. 34, Drawings, Vocational Training Centre at Vaghaldhara (VVTC, 2009)
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1
2
Hostel 1. ground floor plan 2. first floor plan
Fig. 35, Drawings Vocational Training Centre at Vaghaldhara (VVTC, 2009)
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Industrial Training Institute, Malviya Nagar
T
he vocational centre is run by the Delhi government and is one of the oldest in the city. It offers courses in engineering and non-engineering subjects for 1-2 years.
• • • • • • •
refrigeration and AC mechanic electrician instrument mechanic fitter and turner painter wireman welder (gas, electric)
• • • • • •
scooter and auto cycle repair carpenter draughtsman civil junior civil supervisor computer operator and programming assistant steno (Engliish)
adult education / training centre
catalyse development
Architect / Developer / Directorate of Training and Technical Education, Government of NCT, Delhi Site / New Delhi Year / 1955 Function / vocational school Site area / m2
vocational education
Fig. 36, Industrial Training Institute, Malviya Nagar (author)
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1. offices 2. classrooms 3. workshops
2
2
2
2
1
1
2
1
1
2 2
3
3
3
3 3
satellite image
1
3
3
3
ground floor sketch plan
Schematic Drawings Fig. 37, Industrial Training Institute, Malviya Nagar (author)
ground floor schematic plan
first floor schematic plan
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inferences
project
L’arbrisseau Neighborhood Centre, Lille, France
Trisca Sociocultural Center, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
Transbay Transit Center, San Francisco, USA
area
1779 m2
600 m2
140000 m2
function
community centre
community centre
multimodal transit station
inclusive social space
inclusive social space
inclusive social space
main intent integrated mixed-use
integrated mixed-use
integrated mixed-use
programme
inferences
all rooms open onto central atrium and staircase, zoning of connected functions on adjacent floors
different functions on different floors, catering to the local neighbourhood and outsiders
outdoor exhibition and performance spaces are integrated sealessly into the public park
Table 1, inferences from case studies author
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inferences
project
Women’s Centre, Rufisque, Senegal
area
700 m2
function
Vaghaldhara Vocational Training Centre, Vaghaldhara, Gujarat
Industrial Training Institute, Malviya Nagar, Senegal
women’s centre
vocational centre
vocational centre
community development
community development
vocational education
main intent vocational education
vocational education
programme
inferences
all spaces open onto central courtyard, the significance of semiopen verandas and shaded areas
all spaces open onto central courtyard, the significance of semiopen verandas and shaded areas
all spaces open onto central courtyard, heavier machines on ground floor
Table 2, inferences from case studies author
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chapter 3.0/ project introduction
A facility for progressive self-sufficiency at Hauz-i-Rani
Need Identification
D
elhi has been called a collection of villages and not a city. By one estimation, there are 106 villages in the city (Sanyal, 2010), all in different stages of urbanization. Hauz Khas is completely gentrified, nearby Shahpur Jat and Khirki well on their way. However, there are also those urban villages which are yet to enter the last stage. They remain underdeveloped as compared to the others with little to no infrastructural investment. Such an urban village is right now at a critical point in
its evolution: it is just starting on the path of prosperity and so infrastructural development. This process can be guided and catalysed by the intervention of a suitable facility which will employ and build upon the existing skills of the local population with the aim to eventually increase their income. There is also available land near many metro stations and such villages which can be used as a starting ground for such a project. Such an utilization of public land accedes to the notion of inclusivity and development with dignity.
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Project Intent and Scope The author proposes the development of a Facility of Progressive Self-Sufficiency at Hauz-i-Rani, an urban village located close to the Malviya Nagar metro station. This facility will be an integrated multi-purpose complex with the following intent: 1. to create a viable public space near the metro station which is accessible to everyone and most useful for those living in its immediate vicinity 2. to create a node to centre the development of the area around; generate public attention and thus infrastructural improvements 3. to provide for education and vocational training centres that build skills and assets, allowing income to flow into the village in the long run to create low-level commercial activity which generates development but not rapid gentrification 4. to create a platform via which local workers and employers can interact more productively and efficiently 5. to organize and champion the local crafts economy
A building or place that provides a particular service or is used for a particular industry Skilful performance or ability without difficulty
A tense of verbs used in describing action that is on-going Favouring or promoting progress
a facility for progressive self-sufficiency at
hauz-i-rani New Delhi
Sufficient resources to provide comfort and meet obligations
Personal independence
inclusive public space near the metro
catalyse development
skill and asset enhancement
facilitate economic interaction
Fig. 38, project intent author, graphics based on (The Noun Project)
champion local crafts economy
create an active 24x7 environment
6. to create short-term accommodation for local facilities and thus create a more active environment a facility for progressive self-sufficiency thesis 2013
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administrative offices
institutional
residential
commercial
Area Programme
21%
The thesis of the proposition is reflected in the focus on the institutional component in the proposed area programme. The primary services offered by the facility are vocational and learning oriented.
49%
vocational
30%
institutional 3325 m residential 2040 m2 commercial 1450 m2
These services, however, are not aimed at generating revenue. In a bid to make the facility self-sufficient, residential and commercial functions are introduced as cross-subsidizing mechanisms.
total site area FAR
6815 m2 12060 m2 0.56
The mixed-use programmes support each other both financially and in terms of function, usage and activity generation.
employement centre/ hiring agency
RWA + village community services
mess / food hall
potters’ collective
wood-working workshop
emboidery workshop
computer training centre
day care
library
hall / auditorium
exhibition + performace spaces
short term rental units
cafe and restaurant
retail / shops
workshops and studios
commercial office space
2
learning ancillary cultural
short term rental units
f&b retail shops work spaces
Table 3, project programme author Fig. 39, project programme author, graphics based on (The Noun Project)
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a facility for progressive self-sufficiency
A A1
institutional program administrative offices
at hauz-i-rani
notes
visitors information centre/ facility admn. offices
acts as a general introduction/ reception to the facility. Also provides information about local events and Delhi tourism services
employment centre/ hiring agency
acts as interface between local skilled workers and interested employers, offers career guidance
Hauz Rani RWA
common services
where the local RWA can meet and organize events/ drives
institutional | 1 of
components front desk + waiting filing and storage area small office x 2 total admn. desk + waiting guidance office office and storage area total small office x 2 meeting room total toilets pantry total total + additional 30%
area 10.0 5.0 20.0 35.0 15.0 10.0 5.0 30.0 20.0 15.0 35.0 15.0 5.0 20.0 120.0 156.0
Table 4, institutional programme author
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A2
vocational
Potters' Collective (Kumhaar Kala Kendra)
embroidery workshop
computer training centre
common services
A3
admn./teachers' office teaching workshop x 2 organizes local potters into a guild/ union, provides technical learning centre training in new pottery techniques, offers pottery classes exhibition space to outside audience, exhibits local pottery shop total admn./teachers' office offers short-term courses to women on embroidery/ workshop x 2 needle work total admn./teachers' office offers short-term courses aimed at skill and asset computer lab building total toilets pantry total total + additional 30%
10.0 250.0 150.0 60.0 30.0 500.0 10.0 200.0 210.0 10.0 190.0 200.0 25.0 5.0 30.0 940.0 1222.0
learning day care centre/ childrens' activity centre
library
facility for children with working parents, offers afterschool skill-building activities
offers membership to local residents
admn./teachers' office activity room outdoor play area toilets total admn./librarians' office library reading room toilets total total + additional 30%
15.0 100.0 15.0 130.0 10.0 250.0 125.0 15.0 400.0 530.0 689.0 a facility for progressive self-sufficiency thesis 2013
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Thesis 2013
53
Bhavika Aggarwal A/2004/2008
a facility for progressive self-sufficiency
A4
provides meals for the day care and vocational centre students
kitchen storage food hall total total + additional 30%
75.0 25.0 300.0 400.0 400.0 520.0
auditorium foyer green rooms services total
400.0 40.0 25.0 35.0 500.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 500.0 650.0
cultural
auditorium
can be rented for cultural performaces
exhibition area public performace spaces public gathering space
A
institutional | 3 of
ancillary food hall/ mess
A5
at hauz-i-rani
outdoor exhibition spaces outdoor performance spaces open seating/ waiting areas
institutional 5% administrative offices
20%
vocational 38%
16%
learning ancillary
21%
cultural
total + additional 30% total
3237.0
administrative offices vocational learning ancillary cultural total
156.0 1222.0 689.0 520.0 650.0 3237.0
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a facility for progressive self-sufficiency
B B1
residential program notes hostel/ short-term rental facility hostel/ short-term rental facility
B
at hauz-i-rani
residential
for medical travellers and short-term rental to students
residential | 1 of 1
components admn. office dormitories x 8 rental units x 20 common toilets total total + additional 30% total
area 30.0 1200.0 250.0 50.0 1530.0 1530.0 1989.0 1989.0
Table 5, residential programme author
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a facility for progressive self-sufficiency
C C1
commercial program retail
at hauz-i-rani
notes
components
retail shop 1 retail shop 2
C2
work spaces workshops and studios with attached shop
area
admn. office kitchen storage sitting area total admn. office kitchen storage sitting area total shop x 5
5.0 40.0 25.0 100.0 170.0 5.0 75.0 50.0 200.0 330.0 400.0
total shop x 6 total total + additional 30%
400.0 300.0 300.0 1200.0 1560.0
for long term rental. eg. ceramics and pottery, carpentry workshop x 5 / furniture, embroidery / tailoring total total + additional 30%
375.0 375.0 375.0 487.5
cafĂŠ
restaurant
commercial | 1 of
serves Afghani cuisine
Table 6, commercial programme author
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a facility for progressive self-sufficiency
C3
at hauz-i-rani
services office total admn./ accounts office waiting area/ front desk examination room storage total admn./ accounts office open office lockers safes ATMs
real estate office
clinic
bank and ATMs
cycle rental stand pre-paid auto booth
C
commercial | 2 of
commercial
11% retail
21%
work spaces 68%
20.0 20.0 5.0 20.0 20.0 5.0 50.0 5.0 35.0 35.0 20.0 5.0 100.0 10.0 10.0 5.0 5.0 185.0 240.5
total office total office total total + additional 30% total
2288.0
retail work spaces services total
1560.0 487.5 240.5 2288.0
services
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CHAPTER 4.0/ site information
Hauz-i-Rani
H
auz Rani is an urban village in New Delhi, surrounded by the affluent South Delhi neighbourhoods of Saket, Malviya Nagar and Panchsheel. Also nearby are other historical localties such as Khirki, Begumpur, Sheikh Sara’i and Chirag-i-Dehli. It has history dating back to the 12th century (Kumar, 1999). The Malviya Nagar metro station nearby has meant that a large number of people use the inside streets as thoroughfare. The village remains underdeveloped even as compared to others nearby (Khirkhi and Begumpur). The advent of the metro has made it more attractive, with higher rents and visibility but no infrastructural improvements. Nearby is the fashionable commercial centre of Saket. A popular pottery market faces the main Press Enclave Road and affluent Saket. This road and market thus act as a buffer between rich and poor. Across the road are also the remains of the first city of Delhi: Prithviraj Chauhan’s Qila Rai Pithoda. There is now a public park and membership-ony golf course on the ruins.
site
Fig. 40, site location map author, based on (Google Inc., 2013)
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History metro
12th c. Hauz-i-rani reservoir constructed.
malls
13th c. Outside Qila Rai Pithoda walls. Site of major market established by Khilji.
saket
14th c. Outside Jahanpanah walls. Nearby Satpul dam regulates seasonal rivulets. Khirki Masjid built to the east indicates the presence of a substantial settlement. Hauz gains spiritual significance, associated with the Sufi saints Nizam al-Din Auliya and Nasir al-Din Chiragh (Kumar, 1999).
malviya nagar bus depot khirki masjid islamic conquest
15th-20th c. Always remained a satellite town. General decline. 19th c. Hauz is no more than a seasonal swamp and a mango grove. Hauz Rani village established on ruined Jahanpanah walls. Significance of the Hauz is lost and reservoir site used as graveyard by the villagers (Kumar, 1999). 20th c. Some Muslim population leaves during Partition; influx of Jats and Punjabis in the peripheral area. Prominent Kumhar Basti or potters’ village established along southern periphery. Malviya Nagar, Saket, etc. founded on agricultural lands of Hauz Rani village. Development on the reservoir site. Always a Satellite Town Hauz-i-Rani always remained outside the boundaries
hauz rani
Fig. 41, History of Hauz-i-Rani (Aggarwal, Bajaj, & Patankar, Hauz ki Kahaani: Bringing Back the Hauz, 2011)
of the various ‘Delhis’: perpetually a satellite town. Any change in the fortunes and location of the town had a direct impact on the settlement because of its economic dependence, thus Hauz-i-Rani went through cycles of urbanization and deurbanization (Kumar, 1999). Societal Changes Traditionally a strong, inward looking Islamic community. Most residents were service-folk who either worked in the city or provided its markets with produce or artisanal products. After independence and with the development of surrounding areas, there was economic and occupational change. Residents realized they were on the lower end of the spectrum (Kumar, 1999).
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Fig. 42, site location map author, based on (Google Inc., 2013)
college
district park
temple malviya nagar
school delhi jal board
police station
geetanjali
DMRC office qila rai pithora
parking
site ~3 acres
khirki
school
malviya nagar
metro station hospital
khirki ext.
shivalik
gurudwara hauz rani
metro station
malls
press enclave road
hospital hospital
saket
district park school
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The Site There are empty vacant plots of public land around the metro station, some of which has been occupied by the villagers. Close-by are other newly developed institutional complexes, such as a hospital (still under construction) and the Malviya Nagar Police Station. The site is right next to the main metro station exits. It is public land and is assigned as institutional under the Zonal Development Plan of Zone F.
Fig. 43, Zonal Development Plan for
geetanjali enclave
hospital (proposed)
malviya nagar
shivalik
site ~3 acres
DMRC office
hauz rani
metro station
Fig. 44, site location map
auto bay
author, based on (Google Inc., 2013)
press enclave road saket
(Delhi Development Authority, 2010)
site area = 12,060 m2 = 2.9 acres
parking qila rai pithora
Zone F, South Delhi
saket
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geetanjali enclave
parking M
DMRC office
malviya nagar
M
hospital (under construction)
shivalik gurudwara
assumed ROW
villager occupied land hauz rani
parking
grave M
auto bay
metro station
B
press enclave road qila rai pithora
M
saket pedestrian circulation vehicular circulation
2
5
10m
Fig. 45, site plan author
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1 2 3 4 1. Vacant land is used to park buses. Also acts as a playground for children and as a community space for women. 2. The back of Shivalik, Malviya Nagar and the gurudwara face the site. 3. The hospital is under construction. The path from the metro station is paved. 4. The site also acts as garbage dump and the walk from the metro station is not very pleasant.
Fig. 46, site images author
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1 2 3 4 1. The site also acts as garbage dump and the walk from the metro station is not very pleasant. 2. The site is about 700mm higher than the metro station and is separated from the suto-bay by a wall. 3. Pedestrians who go via the village use a set of steps to go through the site. 4. Althought many passersby now use the site and the village as thoroughfares, there is not much retail activity along the path.
Fig. 47, site images author
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Strengths
Weaknesses
Opportunities
Threats
excellent connectivity via public transport (bus and metro)
poor connectivity to residential colonies
located on the pedestrian circulation paths to and from the metro station
rapid gentrification of the urban village
located on a popular vehicular road high footfall on site of people from all kinds of socio-economic backgrounds strong residential character around the site near the district commercial centre minimal parking facility required
convoluted vehicular access to site the back of the Shivalik colony faces the site location is noisy and prone to traffic congestion solitary grave on edge of site restricts building near it irregular shape of site and unusual edges and corners
disconnected and leftover patches of open green land around the site
Table 7, Site SWOT, author
creation of expensive commercial outlets on site may exclude villagers
closed exit of the metro station onto site closed exit of Shivalik colony onto site different kinds and morphologies of residential neighbourhoods around the site limited and small-scale informal commercial activity on the edge of site leading to the urban village
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CHAPTER 5.0/ DESIGN CUES
The way forward
T
he design is guided by certain constraints and vantages offered by the site, both a purely physical, contexual level and socio-economically. The metro station and the urban village both offer major cues, and so do the neighbouring residential colonies and unclaimed patches of green.
This intervention is not just limited to the immediate site but also necessarily extends to its surroundings in order to better integrate itself and to generate worthwhile change and developmet.
cues to design Âť
integration of multiple uses + creation of spatial heirachy
a holistic intervention The facility can not exist in isolation from its context. The intervention needs to reposnd to the physical and sociocultural cues on a larger scale, such as realising the potential of an abandoned metro exit, inaccessible green areas, and weak or unsafe pedestrian connectivity.
Facilities range from commercial retail and services to institutional office spaces and libraries to residential dorms. It is critical to achieve spatial planning such that the complex looks both outward and inward.
Fig. 48, cues to design author, graphics based on (The Noun Project)
interface with the metro station
interface with the village
Public and retail activities which need to generate income and remain visibly prominent to metro users and on the main road.
Village-centered facilities should be easily accessible and open. Villagers have to feel secure about the daycare centre.
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vijay mandal district park aurobindo college
delhi jal board pumping station area of intervention
streetscaping + promenade conncecting district park and proposed park malviya nagar police station creation of public park around unused metro station exit and between site and parking car m park hospital site access and parking
create a public park linking all the small pockets of green and wooded areas around the site
enhance metro connectivity to surrounding neighbourhoods
site grave
m
make use of the closed metro exit
e
gurudwara
m
car park
development of abandoned park
hauz rani village
creater a safer walk along the road to aurobindo college
Fig. 49, holistic intervention author, based on (Google Inc., 2013)
auto bay
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1 existing green spaces connected to form a larger, more accessible public park
the site
create direct linkage between the park and the main road / metro exit
2 buildings arranged to direct people along the main circulation paths link the two metro exits and the entries to the Shivalik and Hauz-i-Rani open space preserved around grave
Fig. 50, design cues author
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3 retail arranged along the main pedestrian circulation path and facing the metro and main road
4 village oriented activities arranged closer to the village on a more intimate scale to create a relatively private environment
Fig. 51, design cues author
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5 institutional activities arranged to direct visitor circulation create open spaces / courts which open and flow into each other
6 assumed vehicular right-ofway from side lane the multi-purpose hall and learning centre are closest to the vehicular drop-off
Fig. 52, design cues author
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7 the residential function is accomodated on upper floors over the institutional, overlooking the public park
Fig. 53, design cues author
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section B
Design translation
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chapter 6.o/ design translation
Synthesis
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a holistic intervention
the idea of the public park as the focal destination
establish strong pedestrian connections to
connect unused and inaccessible open green areas around the site to create a public park
1. both metro exits 2. Hauz-i-Rani (and so to Malviya Nagar) 3. Shivalik colony
The facility can not exist in isolation from its context. The intervention needs to reposnd to the physical and sociocultural cues on a larger scale, such as realising the potential of an abandoned metro exit, inaccessible green areas, and weak or unsafe pedestrian connectivity.
establish a strong vista / connection from the main road (and the popular metro exit) to the park establish another axis from the vehicular drop-off to the other major functions on site
Fig. 54, Design Concepts, author
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create defined open spaces along the main axis the idea of dedicated courts which lead onto each other and so act as both connectors and destinations
integration of multiple uses + creation of spatial hierarchy
1. entrance court 2. village court 3. people court 4. crafts court 5. retail court 6. food court
Facilities range from commercial retail and services to institutional office spaces and libraries to residential dorms. It is critical to achieve spatial planning such that the complex looks both outward and inward.
the pedestrian axis to the park splits the program into two distinct zones: 1. formal zone the multi-functional hall and the learning centre 2. informal zone retail, crafts and residential facilities
Fig. 55, Design Concepts, author
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the relationship between the open and built spaces is more important than the forms themselves the built form is kept simple and clean, so that it does not seem alien to the context built form follows a strong geometry and grid interconnected courts / open spaces multiple circulation paths cut across the site, leading to the public park and sports field
Fig. 56, Design Concepts, author
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Fig. 57, Fatehpur Sikri
Fig. 58 Gandhi Smarak Sanghralaya
Fig. 59, Bharat Bhavan
(Moretti, 2008)
(Godel, 2010)
(Godel, 2010)
Fig. 60, Figure Ground:
Fig. 61, Figure Ground:
Fig. 62, Figure Ground:
March 20, author
March 25, author
April 4,, author
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Fig. 63, Experiments with roof form, author
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white plastered brick walls
exposed concrete structural system
wood
glazed ceramic tiles
acrylic roof panels
inexpensive low maintenance
low maintenance
provides work to woodworking workshop
provides work to pottery workshop
allow diffused light in
movable wooden louvres
ceramic tile jaali
pergola
Safal Corporate House, Ahmedabad
India International Centre, New Delhi
India Habitat Centre, New Delhi
material board simple, uncomplicated materials which are low maintenance and longlasting.
Fig. 64, material board author, based on (Google Inc., 2013)
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chapter 7.o/ design development
Evolution
Fig. 64, Design Evolution (author)
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January 28 Sketch Design Pros clear demarcation of villager and public areas formation of private courts villager oriented activities towards the village
Cons loose spaces very inward looking spaces no connection or continuation of built form from the urban village
Fig. 65, Design Evolution (author)
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February 18 Design Development I Pros clear demarcation of villager and public areas, courts villager oriented activities towards the village
Cons loose spaces no connection or continuation of built form from the urban village absolutely wrong orientation
Fig. 66, Design Evolution (author)
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February 18 Pros clear demarcation of villager and public areas formation of private courts villager oriented activities towards the village attempt at continuation of built form from the urban village emphasis on public park and green linkages
Cons large spaces are held very loosely no direct connection to park from the main road / metro
Fig. 67, Design Evolution (author)
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March 06 Design Development II Pros clear demarcation of villager and public areas formation of private courts villager oriented activities towards the village attempt at continuation of built form from the urban village built form oriented along pedestrian circulation paths
Cons
public park
+550
kitchen +700
women’s centre +1650
+1500
+1500
sports centre
+700
audi/ hall
sports field / play round
+1650
library + comp. centre
+100
+550
retail +1650
+7 otte 00 ry
fo
villager occupied land
0 +165 RWA
hauz rani
large spaces are held very loosely no direct connection to park from the main road / metro no good vantage points weak “pulls� into the complex from the metro exit
p
+100
grave
ce nt re
l/
m es s
+1650
+250
+7 od 00 h al
audi drop-off
day care
+100
retail
+550
+700
retail
+70
0
Fig. 68, Design Evolution (author) retail +250
M
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March 14 Pros clear demarcation of villager and public areas creation of courts villager oriented activities towards the village attempt at continuation of built form from the urban village built form oriented along pedestrian circulation paths
Cons large spaces are held very loosely no direct connection to park from the main road / metro no good vantage points weak “pulls� into the complex from the metro exit awkard, angular built form
Fig. 69, Design Evolution (author)
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March 18 Pros clear demarcation of villager and public areas villager oriented activities towards the village attempt at continuation of built form from the urban village built form oriented along pedestrian circulation paths
Cons loose spaces weak connection to park from the main road / metro no good vantage points weak “pulls� into the complex from the metro exit weak spatial hierarchy, all open spaces seem to be of similar scales scattered / fragmented spaces
Fig. 70, Design Evolution (author)
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March 18 Pros clear demarcation of villager and public areas villager oriented activities towards the village attempt at continuation of built form from the urban village built form oriented along pedestrian circulation paths
Cons
add model pic
loose spaces weak connection to park from the main road / metro no good vantage points weak “pulls� into the complex from the metro exit weak spatial hierarchy, all open spaces seem to be of similar scales scattered / fragmented spaces
Fig. 71, Design Evolution (author)
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March 20 Design Development III Pros clear demarcation of villager and public areas villager oriented activities towards the village creation of dedicated courts strong spatial hierarchy strong connection to park from the main road / metro
Cons weak “pulls� into the complex from the metro exit very rigid and formal geometry abrupt change from the morphology of the urban village scattered / fragmented spaces
Fig. 72, Design Evolution (author)
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Fig. 73, Design Evolution (author)
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Fig. 74, Design Evolution (author)
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Fig. 75, Design Evolution (author)
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March 25 Pros clear demarcation of villager and public areas villager oriented activities towards the village creation of dedicated courts spatial hierarchy strong connection to park from the main road / metro
Cons weak “pulls� into the complex from the metro exit courts do not flow into each other abrupt change from the morphology of the urban village
Fig. 76, Design Evolution (author)
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March 27 Pros clear demarcation of villager and public areas villager oriented activities towards the village creation of dedicated courts spatial hierarchy strong connection to park from the main road / metro built form oriented along pedestrian circulation paths
Cons weak “pulls� into the complex from the metro exit courts do not flow into each other abrupt change from the morphology of the urban village
Fig. 77, Design Evolution (author)
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Fig. 78, Design Evolution (author)
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April 04 Pros villager oriented activities towards the village creation of dedicated courts strong connection to park from the main road / metro built form oriented along pedestrian circulation paths
Cons loose spaces no clear vantage points from one court to the next weaker demarcation of villager and public areas weak “pulls� into the complex from the metro exit weaker spatial hierarchy
Fig. 79, Design Evolution (author)
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April 05 Prefinal Pros clear demarcation of villager and public areas villager oriented activities towards the village creation of dedicated courts spatial hierarchy strong connections to park from the main road / metro built form oriented along pedestrian circulation paths public park public park
Cons children playing area
people court -900
+1600
+150
mess
library +150
lecture / screening theatre +150
+150
admn. offices
reception +150
children playing area +1450
+150
crafts court +100
pottery centre
entrance court
vehicular drop-off
embroidery centre
wood-working centre
+150
+150
+150
+100
+100
sports field +150
foyer +150 food court
store
store
+150
cafe
kitchen
retail shop
retail shop
+150
retail shop +150
sports centre
crafts shop
+100
multi functional hall +150
+150
food outlet +150
+150
+150
+150
retail shop +150
retail shop +150
retail shop +150
RWA
+900
community services
+1650
+900
+150
Fig. 80, Design Evolution (author) food outlet
retail shop
food outlet
retail court +100
parking grave
+1600
village court +850
crafts centre pantry
courts can flow into each other better spaces can be streamlined weak formal expression
kitchen
retail shop +150
food outlet +150
retail shop +150
hauz rani
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Fig. 81, Design Evolution (author)
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chapter 8.o/ design
Portfolio
This thesis was largely process based. The author went through many iterations over the allotted 16 weeks, taking forward some ideas and perhaps discarding as many. The final iteration of this process was presented to the internal and external jury members. The following pages contain images of the portfolio of sheets, drawings and models showcased.
Fig. 82, panel for internal jury author
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Fig. 83, concept / process sketches author
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Fig. 84, stage models (1:500) author
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India’s Urban Awakening
Urban Villages urban villages urbanized villages
93.2% 2001
No. of villages in Delhi
300
based on (Govt. of NCTD, 2009)
1991
165
industry, service, commerce and retail, household help
2001
urban villages generally lack basic civic amenities such as roads, access to potable water, health and sanitation.
The Evolution of an Urban Village 22% 1961
62% 2001
Urban villages are constantly changing and this process of evolution has a positive impact on the economic and social development of both the old villagers as well as new migrants.
based on (Govt. of NCTD, 2009)
Urban Growth Delhi
209
1961
Urban Area Delhi
these villagers -and so the villagelacks the funds required to facilitate these services
e
88.2% 1961
1974
1999
Economist Sanjeev Sanyal has distilled the evolution of urban villages to 4 critical stages and offers the following conclusions:
The process of adaptation depends on decades of steady investment by the owners.
villagers support and invest in their property, pay increased taxes and the village becomes prosperous
The Elusive Inclusive City The current model of development regards economic growth –GDP- as its only measure.
development with dignity
Most of the city’s public land is allocated towards commercial pursuits and is accessible to those who have economic purchasing power.
Public investment in the “commons” speeds up the development process.
is it possible to build a facility which may act as a catalyst towards the economic self-sufficiency and so overall development of urban villages?
to provide for education and vocational training centres that build skills and assets, allowing income to flow into the village in the long run to create low-level commercial activity which generates development but not rapid gentrification
to create a node to centre the development of the area around; generate public attention and thus infrastructural improvements
to create a viable public space near the metro station which is accessible to everyone and most useful for those living in its immediate vicinity
to create a platform via which local workers and employers can interact more productively and efficiently
to create short-term accommodation for local facilities and thus create a more active environment
to organize and champion the local crafts economy
a holistic intervention mess / food hall
potters’ collective
wood-working workshop
emboidery workshop
computer training centre
day care
integration of multiple uses + creation of spatial heirachy
interface with interface with the metro station the village
Project Programme built-up area library
hall / auditorium
exhibition + performace spaces
short term rental units
a facility for progressive self-sufficiency
cafe and restaurant
at
hauz-i-rani new Delhi
retail / shops
workshops and studios
commercial office space
ProPosal
6795 m
2
A building or place that provides a particular service or is used for a particular industry Skilful performance or ability without difficulty
Project Challenges
Project Function
RWA + village community services
increased public investment in civic infrastructure leads to social, cultural and economic development
Available land near metro stations is generally used to accommodate high-rental commercial space. There are very few places where one can just wait, sit comfortably or “hang out.”
mixed use facility: institutional, commercial, residential
employement centre/ hiring agency
villagers learn new skills, become economically self-sufficient
because the village lacks basic facilities, villagers remain locked in an endless cycle of poverty and dependency.
Project Intent
(Chadchana & Shankar, 2012)
increase in cash in-flow to the village
public investment is directly proportional to the income level of the village.
primary sector agriculture and husbandry
existing pockets of old villages that are now surrounded by the infrastructurally advanced new urban developments.
Thesis Proposition
Cycle of Poverty & Dependency
Occupational shift
Urban Population Delhi
A tense of verbs used in describing action that is on-going Favouring or promoting progress
a facility for progressive self-sufficiency at
hAUz-i-rAnI new Delhi
Personal independence
Sufficient resources to provide comfort and meet obligations This thesis attempts to develop a feasible proposal for public land which
creates a node to centre the positive transformation of the area around
catalyses economic stability and thus infrastructural improvements
thesis 2013
school of planning and architecture, new delhi Thesis Guides / Prof. satish dabral, shri Anuj Mehta sTudio co-ordinATor / Prof. Aruna ramani Grover
Bhavika Aggarwal A/2004/2008
does not leave anyone behind
01
Areas of research Architecture as catalyst for socio-economic change
3
1
l’arbrisseau Neighborhood centre, Lille, France
Integrated mixed-use developments
public institutions and architectural interventions as catalysts for economic selfsufficiency of urban villages and similar poorer city areas
multi-purpose mixed use centres which integrate various facilities (institutional, cultural, commercial and residential) and explore how they might support each other (economically and programmatically)
Urban catalysis shaped by the city
shapes its context
1779 m2
Vaghaldhara Vocational Training centre, Vaghaldhara, Gujarat
community centre
vocational centre
Trisca sociocultural center, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
Women’s centre, Rufisque, Senegal
600 m2
700 m2
community centre
women’s centre
institutional residential commercial
2885 m2 2215 m2 1695 m2
total site area FAR
6795 m2 12060 m2 0.56
administrative offices inst
vocational
140000 m2
vocational centre
33%
Z,ZmX
42%
25%
area distribution built up
cultural
inclusive integrated social space mixed-use
res
learning
multimodal transit station
catalyst is not a single end product but an element that impels and guides subsequent development A product better than the sum of the ingredients is the goal of each catalytic reaction
comm
Transbay Transit center, San Francisco, USA
Industrial Training Institute, Malviya Nagar, New Delhi
smaller elements—a building, a fragment of a building, a complex of buildings, or even a report or set of guidelines
single big, vast intervention can act as a catalyst
Area Program
Case Studies
near MRTS station
community development
vocational education
economic development
ancillary
open
26%
74%
2
Social Spaces
Third Place
z x c
Social Centres
Community centres
public locations where members of a community tend to gather for group activities, social support, public information, and other purposes. They may sometimes be open for the whole community or for a specialised group within the greater community.
buildings which are used for a range of disparate activities, which can be linked only by being not-for-profit. They might be organizing centers for local activities or provide a base for initiatives such as cafes, free shops, public computer labs, graffiti murals, legal collectives and housing for travellers.
first place : home
Case Study Inferences
Food and drink Highly accessible (walking distance)
second place : work-place third place : anchors of community life
Free or inexpensive
M
Involve regulars – those who habitually congregate there Welcoming and comfortable
The services offered are determined by both the needs of the community in which the social center is based and the skills which the participants have to offer.
a facility for progressive self-sufficiency
W
Ray Oldenburg’s
creation of public gathering spaces/ inclusive social spaces near mass rapid transit stations
facilitate and foster broader, more creative interaction and are important for civil society, democracy, civic engagement, and establishing feelings of a sense of place
at
hauz-i-rani new Delhi
Both new friends and old should be found there.
research / area Program
COMMON SPACES all rooms open onto central atrium/ staircase/ central courtyard
short term rental units
ground coverage built open
SEGREGATED FUNCTIONS different functions on different floors, zoning of connected functions on adjacent floors SHADED SPACES the significance of semi-open verandas and shaded areas ACTIVE OUTDOOR SPACES provide food, shade, seating in outdoor spaces
22%
shops
FUNCTIONAL PARKS outdoor exhibition and performance spaces are integrated seamlessly into the public park
work spaces
INCLUSIVE catering to the local neighbourhood and outsiders
food
78%
open areas
thesis 2013
school of planning and architecture, new delhi Thesis Guides / Prof. satish dabral, shri Anuj Mehta sTudio co-ordinATor / Prof. Aruna ramani Grover
paved grass
Bhavika Aggarwal A/2004/2008
02
hauz-i-rani / Malviya nagar metro
central secretariat
site area = 12,060 m = 2.9 acres
school
AIIMS
hospital DMRC office
site
metro
hauz rani road ss pre enclave
metro station
malviya nagar bus depot
saket
khirki masjid islamic conquest
district park
hauz rani
school
poor connectivity to residential colonies
located on the pedestrian circulation paths to and from the metro station
rapid gentrification of the urban village
convoluted vehicular access to site
disconnected and leftover patches of open green land around the site
the back of the Shivalik colony faces the site
creation of expensive commercial outlets on site may exclude villagers
geetanjali enclave
closed exit of the metro station onto site
location is noisy and prone to traffic congestion
closed exit of Shivalik colony onto site
solitary grave on edge of site restricts building near it
different kinds and morphologies of residential neighbourhoods around the site
irregular shape of site and unusual edges and corners
limited and small-scale informal commercial activity on the edge of site leading to the urban village
parking M
DMRC office
The back of Shivalik, Malviya Nagar and the gurudwara face the site.
The hospital is under construction. The path from the metro station is paved.
malviya nagar
M
hospital (under construction)
shivalik gurudwara
assumed ROW
villager occupied land hauz rani
parking Vacant land is used to park buses. Also acts as a playground for children and as a community space for women.
malls
hospital hospital
saket
excellent connectivity via public transport (bus and metro)
minimal parking facility required
school
gurudwara site
parking
qila rai pithora
malls
Threats
near the district commercial centre
shivalik
metro station
Opportunities
strong residential character around the site
khirki
geetanjali
Weaknesses
high footfall on site of people from all kinds of socio-economic backgrounds
khirki ext. malviya nagar
police station
Strengths
located on a popular vehicular road
temple
india gate
The locality is majority residential, and there has been recent institutional construction nearby.
Hauz Rani has a history dating back to the 12th century. It is now located on prime property, right next to the metro station. Between the village and the metro station is a 2.9 acre vacant site.
district park
delhi jal board
The thesis site is chosen near the Hauz-iRani urban village and the Malviya Nagar metro station. It falls under the institutional land use as per the Zonal Development Plan. 2
college
connaught place
grave
The site also acts as garbage dump.
M
B
auto bay
metro station
press enclave road qila rai pithora
M
saket
pedestrian circulation vehicular circulation The walk from the metro station is not very pleasant.
The site is about 700mm higher than the metro station and is separated from the suto-bay by a wall.
Pedestrians who go via the village use a set of steps to go through the site.
a facility for progressive self-sufficiency
at
hauz-i-rani new Delhi
Althought many passers-by now use the site and the village as thoroughfares, there is not much retail activity along the path.
sITe
and
2
5
10m
coNTexT
thesis 2013
school of planning and architecture, new delhi Thesis Guides / Prof. satish dabral, shri Anuj Mehta sTudio co-ordinATor / Prof. Aruna ramani Grover
Bhavika Aggarwal A/2004/2008
03
site planning vijay mandal district park aurobindo college
1
delhi jal board pumping station
» existing green spaces connected to form a larger, more accessible public park malviya nagar police station
» the idea of the public park as the focal destination » connect unused and inaccessible open green areas around the site to create a public park
establish strong pedestrian connections to 1. both metro exits 2. Hauz-i-Rani (and so to Malviya Nagar) 3. Shivalik colony
site circulation
2
» buildings arranged to direct people along the main circulation paths » link the metro exits to Shivalik and Hauz-i-Rani » open space preserved around grave
hospital m m
a holistic intervention
pedestrian access to site vehicular access to site
m
3
m
the pedestrian axis to the park splits the program into two distinct zones: 1. formal zone
the multi-functional hall and the learning centre
» retail arranged along the main pedestrian circulation path and facing the metro and main road
area of intervention
2. informal zone
retail, crafts and residential facilities
» the idea of the public park as the focal destination
especially significant in an immediate context with few well maintained public parks
4
» the built form directs movement through the complex » degrees of “public”-ness of movement across the site
» village oriented activities arranged closer to the village on a more intimate scale to create a relatively private environment
1
2
e
3 4
metro
create a public park linking all the small pockets of green and wooded areas around the site
make use of the closed metro exit
determined by the built functions
shivalik
shivalik
sunken court
sunken court
5
» institutional activities arranged to direct visitor circulation » the multi-purpose hall and learning centre are closest to the vehicular drop-off
4 2
3
1
mess
crafts centre hall
» the residential function is accomodated on the north edge, overlooking the public park
creater a safer walk along the road to aurobindo college
at
hauz-i-rani new Delhi
sTraTegy
community
food
learning centre
mess sports field
womens’ centre
crafts centre
hall
community hauz rani
retail metro
6
crafts centre
crafts centre
food
public park sunken court
residential
learning centre
visitor centre
enhance metro connectivity to surrounding neighbourhoods
a facility for progressive self-sufficiency
public park
retail
retail metro
press enclave road
public movement through the site along main axis
functions arranged to attract passers-by and generate interest
casual visitor movement along destination functions spaces progress from the public retail court to the crafts court and then the public park
thesis 2013
school of planning and architecture, new delhi Thesis Guides / Prof. satish dabral, shri Anuj Mehta sTudio co-ordinATor / Prof. Aruna ramani Grover
villager movement through the site along main axis
private, dedicated community, womens’, and childcare services near village court lead to other more public vocational functions
Bhavika Aggarwal A/2004/2008
04
design development
integration of multiple uses + creation of spatial hierarchy
2
create defined open spaces along the main pedestrian paths 1
4
the idea of dedicated courts which lead onto each other and so
5
3
act as both connectors and destinations
6
1. entrance court 2. sunken court 3. food court 4. crafts curt 5. village court 6. retail court 7. people’s court / metro exit
7
KEy PRINCIPLES » defined spaces
» dedicated functions
» visual and perceptual connection / continuation
» shade and seating
formal expression SIMILAR SHAPES ORGANIZED VIA GEOMETRy TO CREATE COURTS AND AxES
» the relationship between the open and built spaces is more important than the forms themselves
» the built form is kept simple and clean, so that it does not seem alien to the context
» built form follows a strong geometry and grid
ARTICULATED STRUCTURAL SySTEM FORM FOLLOWS FUNCTION INTEGRITy TO MATERIAL qUALITy
higher spaces for the learning centre
MATERIAL BOARD simple, uncomplicated materials which are low maintenance and long-lasting.
white plastered brick walls
inexpensive low maintenance
bamboo chik window screens local material and craft
a facility for progressive self-sufficiency
buildings oriented north-south, minimal openings on east and west facades
repetitive elevational treatment for dormitory block
bamboo chik ceramic tile jaali conceals screens on south elevation service spaces controls sun penetration
expressed structural system
pergolas shade and define open spaces
low maintenance
local material and craft provides work to woodworking workshop
create interest and texture; allow the play of light and shadow.
higher spaces and skylights for workshops
exposed concrete structural system
bamboo chik
ELEVATIONAL ELEMENTS
slope reflects seating inside the lecture hall
at
glazed ceramic tiles
acrylic roof panels
provides work to pottery workshop
lets in diffused light while shading
glazed ceramic tile jaali
pergola
provides work to pottery workshop
lets in diffused light while shading
hauz-i-rani new Delhi
sTraTegy
thesis 2013
school of planning and architecture, new delhi Thesis Guides / Prof. satish dabral, shri Anuj Mehta sTudio co-ordinATor / Prof. Aruna ramani Grover
Bhavika Aggarwal A/2004/2008
05
malviya nagar
parking
shivalik geetanjali enclave
M
M
hospital (under construction)
gurudwara public park
DMRC office
villager occupied land
parking hauz rani grave
M B
auto bay
qila rai pithora
press enclave road
M
saket
a facility for progressive self-sufficiency
at
hauz-i-rani new Delhi
roof PlaN
1:500
thesis 2013
school of planning and architecture, new delhi Thesis Guides / Prof. satish dabral, shri Anuj Mehta sTudio co-ordinATor / Prof. Aruna ramani Grover
Bhavika Aggarwal A/2004/2008
06
malviya nagar
parking
shivalik geetanjali enclave
M
M
hospital (under construction)
gurudwara
public park
play area
sunken court
DMRC office
play area
crafts court
sports field
villager occupied land
village court
parking retail court
hauz rani
grave
M B
auto bay
qila rai pithora
press enclave road
M
saket
a facility for progressive self-sufficiency
at
hauz-i-rani new Delhi
sITe PlaN
1:500
thesis 2013
school of planning and architecture, new delhi Thesis Guides / Prof. satish dabral, shri Anuj Mehta sTudio co-ordinATor / Prof. Aruna ramani Grover
Bhavika Aggarwal A/2004/2008
07
to METRO ExIT
to SHIVALIK COLONy
PUBLIC PARK OUTDOOR PLAy AREA (PAVED) +1450
SUNKEN COURT -1400
LEVEL +100
LEVEL +1600
DN
DN
K T
T
UP UP
LIBRARy +150 T
FOyER +150
T
OUTDOOR PLAy AREA (LAWN) +1450
T
T
LEVEL +100
UP
LEVEL +100
LECTURE/ SCREENING THEATRE +150 ADMN. OFFICE +150
ENTRANCE COURT +100
VEHICULAR DROP-OFF +/- 00
MESS +150
RECEPTION +150
FOyER +150
DN
FOOD OUTLET +150
T
FOOD OUTLET +150
CRAFTS COURT +100
POTTERy LEARNING STUDIO +150
WOMEN’S CENTRE +150
WOODWORKING LEARNING STUDIO +150
UP
SPORTS FIELD +1450
T DN UP T LEVEL +1600
UP
PANTRy
T
FOyER +150
T
FOOD COURT +100
T
LEVEL +100
UP
CAFÉ +150
K
T
CRAFTS SHOP +150
T UP
SHOP +150
SHOP +150
SHOP +150
SHOP +150
RETAIL COURT +100 VISITOR SERVICES +150
LEVEL +100
GRAVE +1600
a facility for progressive self-sufficiency
hauz-i-rani new Delhi
VILLAGE RWA +150
SPORTS CENTRE +1650
SHOP +150 SHOP +150
SHOP +150 SHOP +150
SHOP +150 SHOP +150
UP
SHOP +150
SHOP +150
SHOP +150
SHOP +150
SHOP +150
SHOP +150 SHOP +150
LEVEL +100
T
T to HAUZ RANI
UP
LEVEL +1600
platforms for INFORMAL VENDORS
HAUZ RANI
SHOP +150
SHOP +150
UP
to METRO ExIT, PRESS ENCLAVE ROAD
at
SHOP +150 SHOP +150
CyCLE RENTAL
to BUS STOP
UP
COMMUNITy SERVICES +150
STORE
METRO PARKING
VILLAGE COURT +850
CRAFTS SHOP +/- 00
LEVEL +100
MULTIFUNCTIONAL HALL +150
STORE
CRAFTS CENTRE +150
FOOD OUTLET +150
platforms for INFORMAL VENDORS
groUND floor PlaN
thesis 2013
1:200
school of planning and architecture, new delhi Thesis Guides / Prof. satish dabral, shri Anuj Mehta sTudio co-ordinATor / Prof. Aruna ramani Grover
Bhavika Aggarwal A/2004/2008
08
T UP DN
T
DORM +4350
UP DN
B
B COMP. CENTRE +4350 DAy CARE +3350
DN
DN
WOOD-WORKING CENTRE +4650
POTTERy CENTRE +4650
UP DN
T
T
UP DN
T RENTABLE STUDIO +3350
DN
DN UP
K
T
SHOP +3350
UP
RETAIL OFFICE +4850
RETAIL OFFICE +4850
RETAIL OFFICE +4850
SHOP +3350
DN
RESTAURANT +3350
SHOP +3350
SHOP +3350
SHOP +3350
a facility for progressive self-sufficiency
at
hauz-i-rani new Delhi
SHOP +3350
SHOP +3350
fIrsT floor PlaN
SHOP +3350
SHOP +3350
SHOP +3350
thesis 2013
1:200
school of planning and architecture, new delhi Thesis Guides / Prof. satish dabral, shri Anuj Mehta sTudio co-ordinATor / Prof. Aruna ramani Grover
Bhavika Aggarwal A/2004/2008
09
T UP DN
T UP DN
DORM +10950
B
B
a facility for progressive self-sufficiency
at
hauz-i-rani new Delhi
ThIrD floor PlaN
thesis 2013
1:200
school of planning and architecture, new delhi Thesis Guides / Prof. satish dabral, shri Anuj Mehta sTudio co-ordinATor / Prof. Aruna ramani Grover
Bhavika Aggarwal A/2004/2008
10
LEVEL +20500 LEVEL +17300 LEVEL +14100 LEVEL +10900 LEVEL +8800 LEVEL +7900 LEVEL +4700 LEVEL +1600
SOUTH ELEVATION
LEVEL +20500 LEVEL +17300 LEVEL +14100 LEVEL +11500 LEVEL +9300
LEVEL +5650
LEVEL +100
NORTH ELEVATION
a facility for progressive self-sufficiency
at
hauz-i-rani new Delhi
eleVaTIoNs
1:200
thesis 2013
school of planning and architecture, new delhi Thesis Guides / Prof. satish dabral, shri Anuj Mehta sTudio co-ordinATor / Prof. Aruna ramani Grover
Bhavika Aggarwal A/2004/2008
11
LEVEL +20500
LEVEL +11500 LEVEL +8800 LEVEL +8050
LEVEL +1600 LEVEL +100
WEST ELEVATION
LEVEL +20500
LEVEL +11500 LEVEL +8800 LEVEL +8050
LEVEL +100
WEST ELEVATION
a facility for progressive self-sufficiency
at
hauz-i-rani new Delhi
eleVaTIoNs
1:200
thesis 2013
school of planning and architecture, new delhi Thesis Guides / Prof. satish dabral, shri Anuj Mehta sTudio co-ordinATor / Prof. Aruna ramani Grover
Bhavika Aggarwal A/2004/2008
12
LEVEL +17300 LEVEL +17300
LEVEL +100
EAST ELEVATION
LEVEL +9750
LEVEL +5650
LEVEL +100
EAST ELEVATION
a facility for progressive self-sufficiency
at
hauz-i-rani new Delhi
eleVaTIoNs
1:200
thesis 2013
school of planning and architecture, new delhi Thesis Guides / Prof. satish dabral, shri Anuj Mehta sTudio co-ordinATor / Prof. Aruna ramani Grover
Bhavika Aggarwal A/2004/2008
13
1 2 3 4
public park +100 library +150 computer centre foyer +150
5 6 7 8
+4350
entrance court +100 foyer +150 multi-function hall +150 people court / metro exit
+100
3 1
2
4
5
6
7
8
SECTION AA
1 2 3 4 5
6 foyer +150 7 entrance court +100 8 lecture / screening theatre 9 storage +150 10 sunken court -1400
people court / metro exit +100 cycle rental stand +100 prepaid auto booth +100 delhi tourism information centre multi-function hall +150
+150
8 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
9
10
SECTION BB
a facility for progressive self-sufficiency
at
hauz-i-rani new Delhi
secTIoNs
1:200
thesis 2013
school of planning and architecture, new delhi Thesis Guides / Prof. satish dabral, shri Anuj Mehta sTudio co-ordinATor / Prof. Aruna ramani Grover
Bhavika Aggarwal A/2004/2008
14
1 2 3 4 5
public park +50 admn. offices +150 food outlet kitchen +150 food outlet counter +150 pottery workshop +4650
6 food court +100 7 shop +150 8 restaurant +3350 9 informal vendors 10 auto bay +/- 00
+100
5 8 1
2
3
4
6
9
7
10
SECTION CC
1 2 3 4 5 6
public park +150 toilets foyer +150 store / linen closet pottery learning centre +150 pottery workshop +4650
7 kitchen 8 rentable studio stace +3350 9 shop 10 restaurant +3350 11 informal vendors +100 12 auto bay +/- 00
2
4
2
4
2
4
2
4
2
1
3
6 7
8 5
7
7
9
10 9
9
11
12
SECTION DD
a facility for progressive self-sufficiency
at
hauz-i-rani new Delhi
secTIoNs
1:200
thesis 2013
school of planning and architecture, new delhi Thesis Guides / Prof. satish dabral, shri Anuj Mehta sTudio co-ordinATor / Prof. Aruna ramani Grover
Bhavika Aggarwal A/2004/2008
15
1 2 3 4 5
public park +700 mess +150 dormitory room crafts court +100 crafts shop +/- 00
6 retail court +100 7 shop 8 corridor +3300 9 informal vendors 10 auto bay +/- 00
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
+100
8 1
2
4
5
6
7 7
7
9
10
SECTION EE
1 2 3 4
public park +700 mess +150 dormitory room pottery learning centre
5 pottery workshop +4650 6 village court +850 7 informal vendors +100
+150
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
1
2
5
4
6
7 9
10
SECTION FF
a facility for progressive self-sufficiency
at
hauz-i-rani new Delhi
secTIoNs
1:200
thesis 2013
school of planning and architecture, new delhi Thesis Guides / Prof. satish dabral, shri Anuj Mehta sTudio co-ordinATor / Prof. Aruna ramani Grover
Bhavika Aggarwal A/2004/2008
16
1 library +150 2 sunken court
3 public park 4 playing area (paved)
-1400
1
+1450
3
3
4
2
SECTION GG
1 2 3 4 5 6
library +150 computer centre +4350 lecture / screening theatre foyer +150 dormitory reception +150 mess +150
+150
7 wash area +150 8 store +150 9 shower area 10 dormitory room 11 sports field +1450
9 2
10
10
10
10
10
10
9
3
1
4
5
6
7
8
11 10
SECTION HH
a facility for progressive self-sufficiency
at
hauz-i-rani new Delhi
secTIoNs
1:200
thesis 2013
school of planning and architecture, new delhi Thesis Guides / Prof. satish dabral, shri Anuj Mehta sTudio co-ordinATor / Prof. Aruna ramani Grover
Bhavika Aggarwal A/2004/2008
17
1 2 3 4 5 6
vehicular drop-off +/- 00 entrance court +100 food outlet kitchen +150 pottery training centre +150 pottery workshop +4650 crafts court +100
7 woodworking training centre +150 8 woodworking workshop +4650 9 women’s centre +150 10 day care centre +3350 11 sports field +1450
5
8 10
1
3
2
3
4
6
7
11
9
SECTION II
1 2 3 4 5
store +150 multi-functional hall food court +100 crafts court +100 crafts shop +/- 00
6 village court +850 7 RWA office +900 8 sports centre +1650 9 rentable office space +4850 10 playing area (lawn) +1450
+150
9 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
10
10
SECTION jj
a facility for progressive self-sufficiency
at
hauz-i-rani new Delhi
secTIoNs
1:200
thesis 2013
school of planning and architecture, new delhi Thesis Guides / Prof. satish dabral, shri Anuj Mehta sTudio co-ordinATor / Prof. Aruna ramani Grover
Bhavika Aggarwal A/2004/2008
18
1 cycle rental +100 2 shop 3 informal vendors
+100
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2 2
3 2
SECTION KK
a facility for progressive self-sufficiency
at
hAUz-i-rAnI new Delhi
secTIoNs
1:200
ThesIs 2013
school of PlaNNINg aND archITecTUre, NeW DelhI THESIS GUIDES / Prof. Satish Dabral, Shri Anuj Mehta STUDIO CO-ORDINATOR / Prof. Aruna Ramani Grover
Bhavika Aggarwal A/2004/2008
19
(top) Fig. 85, detail model of pergola
Fig. 86, context model (1:500),
(1:10), author
author
a facility for progressive self-sufficiency thesis 2013
120
Fig. 87, plan view, model (1:200), author
a facility for progressive self-sufficiency thesis 2013
121
Fig. 88, view from south-east, model (1:200), author
a facility for progressive self-sufficiency thesis 2013
122
Fig. 89, view from south-east, model (1:200), author
a facility for progressive self-sufficiency thesis 2013
123
Fig. 90, view from south-west, model (1:200), author
a facility for progressive self-sufficiency thesis 2013
124
Fig. 91, view from north-west, model (1:200), author
a facility for progressive self-sufficiency thesis 2013
125
Fig. 92, view from north-west, model (1:200), author
a facility for progressive self-sufficiency thesis 2013
126
Fig. 93, view from west, model (1:200), author
a facility for progressive self-sufficiency thesis 2013
127
(above) Fig. 94, view from south, model (1:200), author (far left) Fig. 95, view from south, model (1:200), author (left) Fig. 96, view from south, model (1:200), author
a facility for progressive self-sufficiency thesis 2013
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jury remarks
The external jury was underwhelming and, as a result, also fairly disappointing to the author. The author spent a disproportionately long time explaining the thesis proposition and base, and so did not adequetly present the architectural manifestation of the same. The author also did not bring the jury’s attention to the full portfolio of drawings.
The jury remarked that, in general, the theses presented to them were tending to focus on socio-cultural issues rather than built form. The jury also believed that the author was being perhaps too naive or idealistic in her beliefs, but that this might not necessarily be a drawback to the design presented.
a facility for progressive self-sufficiency thesis 2013
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