Biología de los Priones

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Biology of Prions Verónica Inés Cacace Instituto de investigaciones cardiologicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires-Conicet Buenos Aires Argentina Jun, 2011 Corresponding autor: veroinesc@yahoo.com.ar

Abstract In this paper we will review various aspects of the biology of prions and focused on what is currently known about the mammalian PrP prion. Also briefly describe the prions of yeast and other fungi. Prions are infectious proteins behaving like genes, ie proteins that not only contain genetic information in its tertiary structure, ie its shape, but are also able to transmit and replicate in a manner analogous to genes but through very different mechanisms. The term prion is derived from "proteinaceous infectious particle" and arose from the Prusiner hypothesis that the infectious agent of certain neurodegenerative diseases was only in a protein, without the participation of nucleic acids. Currently there are several known types of prion, in addition to the originally described, which are pathogens of mammals and they has found in yeast and other fungi too. Prion proteins are ubiquitous and not always detrimental to their hosts. This vision of the prion as a causative agent of disease is changing, finding more and more evidence that could have important roles in cells and contribute to the phenotypic plasticity of organisms through the mechanisms of evolution.

Keybords: prion protein, neurodegenerative disease, protein conformation Resumen En presente trabajo se hara una revision sobre diversos aspectos de la biología de priones, haciendo incapie en lo que actualmente se conoce acerca del prion PrP de mamiferos. Ademas se describiran brevemente los priones de levaduras y otros hongos. Los priones son proteínas infecciosas que se comportan como genes, esto es, proteínas que no solo contienen información genetica en su estructura terciaria, es decir en su conformación, sino que también son capaces de transmitirla y replicarla en forma análoga a los genes pero por medio de mecanismos muy distintos. El termino prion proviene de "proteinaceous infectious particle" y surgio a partir de la hipótesis de Prusiner de que el agente infeccioso de ciertas enfermedades enfermedades neurodegenerativas consistía unicamente en una


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