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No.246

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19 PHRASAL VERBS FOR BUSINESS, WORK AND LIFE!

PLUS… phrasal verbs, grammar, idioms, vocabulary, useful expressions… and much, much more.

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EDITOR’S INTRO

Magazine Index

How you learn English with Hot English magazine

Pre-Intermediate (CEF level: A2)

Why are you learning English? To get a better job, to pass an official English exam, to travel, or just to communicate in English? Hot English magazine helps with all this. 1

Increase your vocabulary. In every issue of Hot English you’ll learn over 350 English words and expressions! Plus you’ll learn lots of idioms, phrasal verbs, grammar and more.

Improve your listening. Every magazine has 60 minutes of spoken English audio. You’ll learn to understand English, plus you can hear lots of different accents!

Exam English. Hot English helps prepare you for official English exams (First Certificate, IELTS, TOEFL, etc.). How? Exams test your ability to speak and your range of vocabulary. Hot English improves your communication skills and your knowledge of words and expressions. Business English. Practical English for the office, for meetings, for talking to clients – it’s all in Hot English. Plus, read business tips from entrepreneurs.

Travel English. Want to travel to English-speaking countries? With Hot English you’ll learn the words and expressions you need for international travel!

Social English. How do native English speakers really talk? Learn with our natural English conversations. Also, learn English slang. Plus, in Hot English you’ll read about current events (news, culture, music, films) so you can make conversation with native English speakers.

Want to learn even more? Get an English Unlocked book. You’ll learn extra vocabulary, grammar, social English and business English. The English Unlocked books are linked to the topics in Hot English magazine. Visit our website for more details.

Hi, and welcome to another issue of Learn Hot English – the fun magazine for learning English. In this month’s issue, we’re looking at 19 really useful phrasal verbs that will really increase your range of vocabulary. Read over them, understand them and then try to use them in conversations with your friends. Of course, that’s not all and we’re also looking at pranks, honesty quotes, Gianni Versace, jokes, The Simpsons, train vocabulary, direct and indirect objects, The War of the Worlds, phrasal verbs, idioms, slang, vocabulary, a business topic, and lots, lots more. Well, we hope you enjoy reading and listening to this issue of Learn Hot English. Have fun, learn lots of English and see you all next month!

Editorial

Dr Fingers’ Error Correction Clinic

Read & Listen: Nine Unusual World Records

Listening: Describing A New Job

10 Fingers’ Pronunciation Intermediate (CEF level: B1)

12 Story Time 14 Pranks 16 19 Useful Phrasal Verbs for

Business! 18 Exercises To Help You Remember

The Words and Expressions!

20 Playing Jokes 22 Trivia - International Customs Upper Intermediate (CEF level: B2)

24 Vocabulary - The Train 25 Typical Dialogues - The Train Station 26 Crossword

27 Wordsearch & Matching 28 Dr Fingers’ Grammar Clinic 29 Business Dialogues -

The Uniform Part I 30 Business Dialogues -

The Uniform Part II 32 Idioms – Colours

PS Remember to sign up for our newsletter so you can receive lots of FREE language lessons, and find out what we’re doing. Just visit our website (www.learnhotenglish.com) and enter your name and e-mail address in the box on the right-hand side of the page. Don’t forget to check out the blog on our website: www. learnhotenglish.com/blog for free lessons and articles on how to learn English. Or “like” us on Facebook or Twitter (@LearnHotEnglish)so you can keep up with our latest news.

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34 Those Damn Yanks - Pop Idols 36 Honesty Quotes 38 Gianni Versace 39 Cartoon 40 Weird World - War of the Worlds 42 Weird World - Cartoon Advanced (CEF level: C1)

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HotEnglishMagazine

42 Strange But True 44 British Bar Chat 45 Dictionary Of Slang 46 In The News 47 Phrasal Verbs - Carry

All material in this publication is strictly copyright, and all rights are reserved. Reproduction without permission is prohibited. The views expressed in Hot English Magazine do not necessarily represent the views of Hot English Publishing SL, although if anyone would like to buy us some Versace clothes we’d be very happy, and we do like singing along to Christina Aguilera songs.

48 Answers and Scripts

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AUDIO

DR FINGERS’ ERROR CORRECTION CLINIC

In this section Dr Fingers identifies and corrects typical errors… and ensures that they are NEVER, EVER repeated.

DR FINGERS’ ERROR CORRECTION CLINIC Hello everybody, and welcome to my “Error Correction” clinic. You know, just the other day I heard and recorded the following conversation in one of my classes. María, one of my students, made a few mistakes. See if you can find them. Dr Fingers: Good morning, class. Who threw that? I’ll give you extra homework, I will. Betrand, put that away. No, you will not hit Simone, no, I said… right, get out! OK, class, we’re going to do a little exercise. Class: Oh, no! Dr Fingers: Yes, now settle down. Right, María and Jean Paul, come to the front of the class. Now, Jean Paul, I want you to ask María these questions (he gives them a sheet of paper). Jean Paul: OK, María, how long have you been at school? María: I have been here since three days. Jean Paul: And how long has Dr Fingers been your teacher? María: Dr Fingers has been my teacher since one year. Dr Fingers: OK, class… Did you hear the mistakes? María made two mistakes: “I have been here since three days”, and, “Dr Fingers has been my teacher since one year”. These are very typical mistakes. You have to remember that “since” is used with a specific time, such as “a day”, “Friday”, a month, “March” or a time, “four o’clock”. Listen and repeat these sentences, and keep repeating them until the rule is fixed in your mind: I have been here since Friday. She has been living in New York since 1997. I’ve been working on this since June.

Today ’s class: FOR & SINCE And we use “for” to refer to a period of time, such as “three days”, “nine weeks”, “six months” or “ten years”. Listen and repeat these sentences: He has been here for three days. I have been living in London for twenty years. They have known us for six months. I disciplined my students privately for a few hours, and I think they understand the rule now. Let’s listen again: Jean Paul: OK, let’s try again, María, how long have you been at this school? María: I have been here for three days.” Jean Paul: And how long has Dr Fingers been your teacher? Jean Paul: Dr Fingers has been my teacher for one year. Dr Fingers: Very good. Now go and sit down and don’t let me hear that mistake again. OK, that’s all for today. Bye for now and may you have an errorfree month.

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AUDIO

NINE UNUSUAL WORLD RECORDS

READ & LISTEN 1

Pre-reading

Look at the objects below. What word records involving these objects do you think have been broken?

Chillies

T-shirts

Straws

Rubik’s Cube

NINE UNUSUAL WORLD RECORDS

ome people will do anything to be a Guinness World Record holder… as these examples of records will show.

Flippers

Pumpkin 2

Reading I

Read the article once to compare your ideas from the pre-reading task. 3

Reading II

Read the article again. Then, answer the questions. Wh0… 1. ...ate 51 chillies? 2. ...holds the record for being married the most times? 3. ...stayed in some cold water for more than an hour? 4. ...put a lot of straws in his mouth? 5. ...ran the fastest mile in flippers? 6. ...grew the world’s heaviest pumpkin?

In 2006, 28-year-old Anandita Dutta Tamuly from India ate 51 of the world’s spiciest chillies in just two minutes. Linda Wolfe, 68, from the USA, holds the record for being married the most times. She’s currently divorced from her 23rd husband and would like to marry again. The record number of T-shirts worn at one time is 155. The largest T-shirt was XXXXXXXXXXL! In January 2008, Wim Hof immersed himself in a container of icy water for a record of one hour and 12 minutes. He beat his previous record from 2004 of one hour and eight minutes.

In 2010, Marco Hort from Switzerland managed to put 264 straws in his mouth.

to a mixture of rain, cow manure, good soil, seaweed and fish emulsion.

In 2001, Ralf Laue solved a Rubik’s Cube in five minutes 42 seconds... while he was blindfolded!

Truly amazing!

Fan Yang and Deni Yang set a new Guinness World Record in April 2011 for getting the most people inside a soap bubble. They managed to squeeze in 118 people. The record for the fastest mile in flippers is held by American Ashrita Furman. He set it in 2010 with a time of seven minutes and 56 seconds. Ashrita is no stranger to Guinness World Records as he’s set more than 340 of them! The world’s heaviest pumpkin weighed 821 kilos and was grown by farmer Chris Stevens. The record was confirmed on 9th October 2010 in Wisconsin, USA. Chris said it was down

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GLOSSARY a record n a “record” is the best result for a sport, etc. spicy adj “spicy” food is hot and can burn your mouth to hold a record exp if you “hold the record” for something, you have the best score / result for it to immerse yourself exp if you “immerse yourself” in water (for example), you put yourself in the water until it covers you icy adj very cold; almost like ice (frozen water) to beat vb if you “beat” a previous record, you do better than that previous record blindfolded adj if you’re “blindfolded”, you have a piece of cloth covering your eyes so you can’t see a soap bubble n a large ball of air that you make with soap (the substance you use for cleaning) to squeeze in phr vb if people “squeeze in” to a small space, they enter that small space, often by being pushed flippers n flat pieces of rubber that you can wear on your feet to help you swim more quickly no stranger to exp if you’re “no stranger to” something, you’ve done it before down to exp if A is “down to” B, A happens because of B manure n animal waste / excrement that is used as a fertiliser to make plants grow soil n the substance on the surface of the earth in which plants grow seaweed n green plants that grow in the sea and that you can eat fish emulsion n a liquid substance made from fish

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VIDEO

LISTENING: DESCRIBING A NEW JOB!

LISTENING DESCRIBING A NEW JOB! 1

Pre-listening

You’re going to listen to a conversation with someone talking about her job as a pet food saleswoman. What do you think she does as part of her job? For example, “She visits clients.” Think of two other things. 2

Listening I

Listen once to compare your ideas from the Pre-listening task. 3

Listening II

Listen again. Then, answer the questions yes or no. 1. Has Zoe got a new job? 2. Does she sell pet food? 3. Does she sell it online? 4. Is she trying to sell a new range of cat food at the moment?

Discussion Ask and answer the questions. What jobs have you had? What were some of your favourite jobs? What was the first job you ever had? Where was it? What did you have to do? What was your timetable? What did you like about it? What didn’t you like about it? What would your ideal job be? Why?

Minimal pairs: /ɔ:/ and /ɜː/ A

Listen and repeat these words with the /ɔ:/sound: door, bored, afford, thought, bought… And now listen and repeat these words with the /ɜː/sound: bird, heard, third, dirty, sturdy, murder… B

Now listen and repeat these sentences that have words with the /ɔ:/sound: a) She closed the door. b) They were bored. c) We can’t afford it. And these ones that have words with the /ɜː/sound: d) There was a bird on the table. e) We heard what they said. f) You were third on the list. C

Write A for words with the /ɔ:/sound, and B for words with the /ɜː/ sound, according to the sounds of the words in bold. Then, listen to check your answers. 1. I walk to the office. 2. Do you work near here? 3. How much do they earn? 4. Did they burn it? 5. Do you like this one or that one?

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AUDIO

DR FINGERS’ PRONUNCIATION

DR FINGERS’PRONUNCIATION Hello everyone and welcome to my English pronunciation course! OK, let’s get pronouncing! (The answers to the exercise are on page 48)

Irregular Past Tense Verbs

Listen & Repeat

This is the second part in our series on irregular past tense verbs and their pronunciation. Due to popular demand, I have been persuaded to write another one of my famous poems. But this is the very last one, I promise… unless there is a national emergency. Right, here goes. This poem will clearly demonstrate the complete lack of logic and sense regarding the pronunciation of irregular past tense verbs in English.

Now let’s get on with some pronouncing. Listen and repeat these verbs and their irregular pasts:

“Why Oh Why Oh Why Oh Why?” I’m sure you know there are some verbs, Whose pasts will not get on your nerves, Of “mean” it’s “meant”, and “send” it’s “sent”, And “lose” it’s “lost” and “lean” it’s “leant”, These are the ones I like to hear, Because they are so nice and clear.

with “it” to form “wit”?

Infinitive

Past

Mean Lean Lend Send Smell

Meant Leant Lent Sent Smelt

Blow Fly Draw Grow Know Throw

Blew Flew Drew Grew Knew Threw

Hear Hurt Learn Burn

Heard Hurt Learnt Burnt

Connected Speech “Cost”, “cut” and “shut” are not a pain, Because the pasts are just the same, But beware of words like “blew” and “drew”, That look like “sew” but sound like “you”, And worst of all, the past tense “heard”, That looks like “beard” but sounds like “bird”. Now all this thought it drives me wild, When usually I’m so meek and mild, So take a break and drink a pint, To calm you down and clear your mind. By Dr Fingers - copyright, 2004.

Now let’s look at these verbs in connected speech. As you can see, some of these irregular past tense verbs end with the letter “w”, such as “blew”, “threw” and “knew”; and most of the others end with the letter “t”. Well, these letters “w” and “t” often connect with the vowel sounds of following words to form new sounds. For example: “I meant it”, which is like this in connected speech, “I mean tit”. Can you see how the “t” of “meant” joins with “it” to form “tit”? Here’s another example: “She knew it”, which is like this in connected speech, “she kne wit”. Can you see how the “w” of “knew” joins

Listen to some more examples. See if you can hear how the final letters “t” and “w” join together with the vowels to form new sounds? We’ve written the sentences in connected speech too: 1. She lent a hundred pounds (She len ta hundred pounds). 2. He drew a picture (he dre wa picture). 3. They threw a glass (they thre wa glass). 4. She flew a hundred miles (she fle wa hundred miles).

Exercise Now let’s try an exercise. Listen to the following sentences and repeat them with me. Then, listen again and try to write them normally, and then in connected speech. We’ve done the first one for you. Good luck!: 1. He leant against the wall = he lean tagainst the wall. 2. ____________________________ 3. ____________________________ 4. ____________________________ 5. ____________________________ 6. ____________________________ 7. ____________________________ 8. ____________________________ 9. ____________________________ 10. ____________________________

GLOSSARY to get on your nerves exp to irritate someone meek and mild adj quiet, reserved and not aggressive a pint n a measure - it is about half a litre to calm you down phr vb to make you calm and less stressed to clear your mind exp to do something so you stop being confused

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AUDIO

Jokes, stories and anecdotes as told by native English speakers

STORY TIME

e m i t y r o t S In this section you can hear two native English speakers telling each other a joke. This authentic conversation will really help with your listening skills.

The Note Listen to the conversation and answer these questions: 1. How do the couple communicate with one another? 2. Why does the woman have to wake up early the next day? 3. What is the punch-line? John: So, have you, have you heard any good jokes or stories recently? Nigel: Actually, no I heard one the other day, it was really good actually. John: Yeah? What? How does it go? Nigel: Well, it’s, basically, it’s like, it’s about, it’s about this couple, you know, and they’re having a bit of a bad time. John: Oh, that, that sounds like my life [mumbling]. Nigel: Yeah, well, exactly, they’re arguing all the time, you know, they’ve, they’ve stopped talking to one another. John: Yeah, I’ve never actually reached that stage. Nigel: No, [mumbling]. Well, they’ve stopped talking to each other and they write everything down. John: Oh, that’s a good idea, yeah. If you don’t wanna talk to your wife or your girlfriend, write, write down a note. Nigel: Exactly, then there’s no confusion, no arguing. Everything’s nice and calm. Oh, it sounds quite good to me. John: Yeah, yeah. Nigel: Anyway, what happened was, erm, basically they were writing messages to, to each other (yeah, yeah), and one day the girl

says, erm, I’m going to sleep now… John: … She writes it down… Nigel: Yeah, yeah, she doesn’t say it obviously, it’s, it’s written conversation. So, she writes down on a note, “I’m going to sleep now, wake me at seven o’clock”. She had an important meeting, and she had to, get, go off, you know [OK, OK]. And, so he wrote on a bit, on a bit of paper, “OK” and gave it back to her [yeah, yeah]. Next morning [yeah], Jane wakes up after a lovely long sleep [yeah, yeah], looks at her watch and it’s eleven o’clock. John: What? He didn’t get the note, or something? Nigel: No, no, no, no. And, and, and like, she demands an explanation, written down, of course, and then she notices a message by the side of her bed, saying, “it’s seven o’clock, wake up”. John: Ahhhh! So, he’d, he had written the note… Nigel: … He’d written the note. John: Oh, I see, he’d written it, and he hadn’t said it (yeah). He got his own back. Nigel: He got his own back, he did. John: Very good, very good, excellent. GLOSSARY a punch-line n the end of a joke or story, and the part that makes it funny a couple n two people who are having a relationship to mumble vb to speak in a low voice that is difficult to hear and understand to argue vb to have a violent discussion about something I’ve never actually reached that stage exp I have never been in that situation

to write down phr vb to write something on a piece of paper usually a note for yourself wanna exp inform want to erm n this is the sound that people make when they are thinking about what to say a watch n a “clock” that you wear on your arm and that tells you the time he got his own back exp he got his revenge = he did something bad to someone who had done something bad to him

USEFUL VOCABULARY to help you with the story:

a watch

a note

a bed

a couple

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PRANKS

AUDIO

PRANKS Last month we looked at some classic pranks - you know, those silly jokes that people like to play on other people. This is the second part in our two-part series. Have fun! Toilet Seats

Fishing

Cover the toilet seat with transparent cling film. When people go to the bathroom they’ll get a nasty shock. Alternatively, put butter on all the toilet seats. But make sure you go to the toilet beforehand!

Take a piece of string and tie it to one end of a colleague’s chair, and the other end to some objects on the desk. Then, put the chair under the desk. When your colleague pulls the chair out, everything will fall to the floor. What a great way to start the day!

Special Drinks If you work in a restaurant, give a new waiter or waitress a big bag of potatoes and tell them to take the bag up to the bar so they can make some more “potato cocktails”. The cocktail waiter will really enjoy this one!

The Beach Empty a colleague’s drawer and fill it with sand. When your colleague opens the drawer, they’ll think they’re at the beach.

Newsletters Go to your favourite search engine on the internet and type in the word “newsletter” or “subscribe”. Your search engine will find lots and lots of them for you. Choose about 30 and enter a colleague’s details and give his or her e-mail address. They should start receiving thousands of irritating e-mails within days. Be careful though because in some cases it’s impossible to get off some mailing lists.

Wanted! Power Disconnect the keyboard from a colleague’s computer. However, make it look as if the cable is still connected so it will take them a while to figure out what’s happened.

No Arms

Put an ad in a national newspaper for your boss’ job. Write something like this: “Company Manager Needed. Good salary, 9 weeks holiday, pension scheme. Send a resumé to X (put the name of your boss). Watch as your boss gets increasingly angry, frustrated and worried as he or she receives thousands of letters applying for their position. Now it’s your turn to go and have fun at other people’s expense.

When a colleague leaves his or her office, go in and take their jacket. Then, re-design the jacket by cutting off the arms and turning it into a waistcoat.

Warning

Exercise

Hot English will accept no responsibility for any “accidents” that occur as a result of readers attempting any of these pranks.

Place a sign on the office lift that says, “Temporarily Out Of Order”. Watch and laugh as everyone has to walk up the stairs.

Bears Leave a note like this for a new employee: “Mr Bear called and needs to speak to you urgently.” The contact number should be the telephone number of the local zoo. Later, have fun as you hear the new employee make the phone call that will probably go something like this: A: “Hello, this is the Brighton Zoo, how can I help you?” B: “Oh, hello, I got a call from a Mr Bear and I was wondering if I could talk to him.” A: “A ‘Mr Bear’, you say… (ha, ha, ha) Alternative names to use are: Buffy Lowe (Buffalo), Ellie Font (Elephant), Jay Raffe (Giraffe), Ty Gere (Tiger), Bob Boon (Baboon) or Anna Conda (Anaconda).

GLOSSARY a prank n a joke or trick you play on someone cling film n thin, plastic that you use to put around food in order to keep the food fresh a drawer n a box in a table for putting things in sand n very small pieces of yellow stone that are on a beach a waistcoat n clothing - it is like a jacket with no arms a lift n an electronic object for taking you from one floor in a building to another local adj from the area you are referring to to tie vb

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to fix and attach with rope, cord or a cable a newsletter n a letter that is sent regularly with information about a company or its products a mailing list n a database of people who you send a letter or newsletter to an ad n abbr an advertisement - a piece of publicity to sell a product a pension scheme n a pension plan - money you pay every month in order to receive regular income when you stop working a resumé n a Curriculum, a CV

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19 USEFUL PHRASAL VERBS FOR BUSINESS!

19 USEFUL PHRASAL VERBS FOR BUSINESS! Native English speakers use phrasal verbs all the time. So, you need to understand their meaning if you want to follow conversations; and they’ll also make you sound great if you use them yourself. In this lesson, you’ll learn 19 really useful phrasal verbs to use in business and at work, or in general. This is the second part of a new series. Learn these phrasal verbs, then use them whenever you can. 1 Print out / print off

If you “print out” a document, you make a paper copy of it, often from a printer connected to your computer: “I printed out a copy of the report and gave it to my boss.”

Come up

If a problem, situation or issue “comes up”, it appears suddenly and unexpectedly: “Something has come up and we won’t be able to meet the deadline.”

Chase up

If you “chase up” someone, you try to contact them so they can pay a bill, help you, answer a question, etc.: “There are several clients with unpaid bills that we need to chase up.”

Call off

If you “call off” an event, you cancel it: “I’m afraid we’re going to have to call off our lunchtime appointment as something really urgent has come up.”

Take on

If you “take on” work, you agree to do it: “I think I’ve taken on too much work as I just can’t keep up.”

Carry out

If you “carry out” a survey, an experiment, or some research, you do that thing: “They carried out the survey to find out which travel destinations were the most popular.”

Sort out

If you “sort out” a problem, you fix it or find a solution to it: “They had to recall their electric scooters to sort out the exploding battery problems.”

Cash in

If you “cash in” your shares, bonds, etc., you exchange them for money: “These bonds can be cashed in at any time.”

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5 Pull off / bring off

If you “bring off” something, you’re successful, even though it’s difficult to do: “They said they’d complete the project by Friday. Do you think they can pull it off?”

10 Cash

in on

If you “cash in on” an event, situation or development, you take advantage of it in order to make money: “The supermarket cashed in on the popularity of vegetarianism by bringing out their own range of vegetarian burgers.”

Catch onto

If you “catch onto” something, you finally understand it and realise what’s happening: “If small businesses fail to catch onto the importance of social media, they could become less competitive.”

12 Be

behind

13 Catch

If you “are behind” at work, you have a lot of work to do, and you haven’t done the work you need to do urgently: “I’m really behind at work, so I won’t be able to go to the party on Saturday.”

If you “catch up” on your work, you do all the work that you need to do and that you haven’t had time to do yet: “I need to catch up at the weekend as I’m really behind at work.”

UNDERSTANDING PHRASAL VERBS A phrasal verb consists of a verb and a particle (usually a preposition). In some cases, the verb can help you understand the meaning of the phrasal verb (the preposition doesn’t really change much): • They’re working away = They’re working. • They sold off many of their assets = They sold many of their assets. Very often, the preposition only changes the meaning a little. For example: • I finished the work. • I finished up the work. [I finished all of it.]

14 Keep

15 Spell

If you find it hard to “keep up”, it’s difficult to do all the work you need to do in time for different deadlines: “I’m finding it hard to keep up now that there are only 3 people in the office.”

out

16 Step

If you “spell something out”, you explain it simple, clear terms: “During sales meetings, it’s important to spell out the benefits of the product or service to the customer, not just the features.”

down

If someone “steps down”, they leave their job or resign from their position: “After reports of the illegal payments to potential clients was exposed, she had to step down.”

Here are some other verbs and phrasal verbs with very little difference in meaning: print-print out, call-call up, close-close down, meet-meet up… However, in other cases, the particle can help you understand the phrasal verb. For example, up has the idea of “going to a higher level”: • Prices have been going up. (increasing) • We went up the stairs. (to a higher floor)

*BRING FORWARD / PUT BACK

17 Swallow

If an activity “swallows up” a lot of your time, money or effort, it uses a lot of those things: “This project is swallowing up a lot of our time.” 2 If one company “swallows up” another one (often a smaller one), it buys it, absorbs it, or takes control of it: “The renewable energy company was swallowed up by the oil giant.” 1

18 Bring

forward*

If you “bring forward” a deadline, you make it happen at an earlier time: “Could we bring the meeting forward to 2pm instead of 3pm, please?”

19 Put

back*

If you “put back” the date of something, you make it happen at a later time: “We need to put back the delivery date to 10th April instead of 5th April because of the public transport strike.”

Native speakers are sometimes confused about the meaning of bring forward (which means to make something happen earlier than planned). So, the best thing is to be more precise and to include a specific time. For example: “Let’s bring forward the meeting to 2pm instead of 3pm so we have enough time to discuss everything!” The same is true for put back (which means to make something happen later than planned): “Let’s put back the meeting to 3pm instead of 2pm so we have enough time for lunch!”

GLOSSARY a bill = a piece of paper with information about how much you must pay for a product, service, etc. a survey = a series of questions you ask people to find out information about their habits, customs, etc. cash = money in the form of notes (paper money) and coins (metal money) shares = if you have “shares” in a company, you own a part of that company a bond = a loan you make to the government or a company in return for interest on the loan and the return of the money after 1 year, 5 years, 10 years, etc. a range of = a series of products that are similar but with small differences: one is more expensive, another has more features, another is bigger… to resign = to leave your job because you’re 65 (the retirement age), or for another reason to swallow = if you “swallow” something, it goes from your mouth to your stomach an oil giant = a large company that extracts and refines oil products

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19 USEFUL PHRASAL VERBS FOR BUSINESS!

19 USEFUL PHRASAL VERBS FOR BUSINESS! EXERCISES

EXERCISES TO HELP YOU REMEMBER THE WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS! Answers on page 48

Gap-fill exercise

Complete the sentences with the words from below.

forward keep

printed cashed

step

catch

swallowing

spell

behind

1. After reports of the illegal payments to potential clients was exposed, she had to down. 2. This project is up a lot of our time. 3. I’m finding it hard to up now that there are only 3 people in the office. 4. I’m really at work, so I won’t be able to go to the party on Saturday. 5. During sales meetings, it’s important to out the benefits of the product or service to the customer. 6. Could we bring the meeting to 2pm instead of 3pm, please? 7. The supermarket in on the popularity of vegetarianism by bringing out their own range of meat-free burgers. 8. If small businesses fail to onto the importance of social media, they could become less competitive. 9. I out a copy of the report and gave it to my boss.

Practice English Conversations

idioms Phrasal verbs booklets 18

Sentence completion

Complete the sentences with the missing letters. 1. They ca out the survey to find out which travel destinations were the most popular. 2. I think I’ve ta on too much work as I just can’t keep up. 3. I need to ca up at the weekend as I’m really behind at work. 4. I’m afraid we’re going to have to c off the meeting as something really urgent has come up. 5. There are several clients with unpaid bills that we need to ch up. 6. They said they’d complete the project by Friday. Do you think they can p it off? 7. They had to recall their electric scooters to s out the exploding battery problems. 8. Something has co up and we won’t be able to meet the deadline. 9. We need to put ba the delivery date to 10th April instead of 5th April because of the transport strike. 10. These bonds can be cas in at any time.

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PHRASAL VERB

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PLAYING JOKES

g n i y a l P Jokes

A guide to some essentia l

kes equipment for playing jo

If you like playing jokes on people, this article will really help you complete your objectives. It is a comprehensive guide on all the jokes available for really irritating your friends, family and work colleagues. Learn the tools of the trade and prepare yourself for combat. OK, let’s roll! The remote control fart machine: this machine will reproduce a rude sound at a distance… and without the smell. Place it under the table at formal dinners and embarrass one of your guests. It is particularly effective with the elderly.

Joke Cards Send a fake card like the one below to a colleague at work. The card will really embarrass your co-worker. Leave it in a public place so everybody else in the office can see what kind of product your victim is buying.

The fake turd: this is a false piece of doggie excrement. Put it on the floor in a house of office and enquire innocently if anyone has seen your dog. The stink bomb: these little bombs produce a revolting smell. Break one in an enclosed space and watch how your victims suffocate. Remember to take your gas mask with you. The electrical buzzer for handshakes: this is an electronic device that gives little electrical shocks. Place it in the palm of your hand and watch how your colleague gets a shock. The two-headed coin: this unusual coin has two heads. Use it to resolve disputes - you’ll always win! GLOSSARY The well-endowed pig: this is a toy pig with a very large “youknow-what”. Keep him on your desk at work to remind you not to take life too seriously. A fake parking ticket: this is a parking ticket that is designed to look exactly like the real thing. Put one of these on your friend’s car it’s the perfect wind-up. The exploding pen: this explodes when you try to use it. Leave it in the office and watch how the ink ruins a nice clean shirt. The whoopee cushion: this is the classic prankster joke. Like the fart machine, it reproduces a resonant sound identical to the sound of gas being forced out of a small space. Put one on the president’s chair before a top-level meeting. Then, watch his or her face of embarrassment as they sit down. The vibrating pen: this pen vibrates as you try to write with it. Kindly offer one to colleagues, then watch how they drop it in shock.

the tools of the trade n the objects you need to do a job the remote control n the electronic object that controls the television, or any other electronic device, from a distance a fart n gas that comes out of your body fake adj not real a turd n inform offens a piece of excrement a doggie n inform a dog a stink n a very bad smell revolting adj horrible, terrible - usually in reference to a smell a gas mask n an object you put over your face to protect you from bad chemicals or smells a buzzer n an electronic device that is used to make a “buzzing” sound - usually to call someone’s attention a handshake n the action you do when you meet someone: you put your right hand in their right hand and move it up and down two-headed adj with two heads. Coins (metal pieces of

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money) have two sides: heads (usually with a picture of a king, queen or president), and tails (with a design) well-endowed adj with large genitalia a you-know-what n people use this word when they don’t want to mention a specific word, usually because it is rude a parking ticket n the piece of paper they put on your car telling you to pay money because your car is parked illegally a wind-up n inform a joke, a trick designed to make you angry ink n a chemical substance in pens - usually black, blue or red whoopee exp people shout this when they are excited or happy a cushion n a small, soft piece of material that you put on a sofa to make the sofa more comfortable a prankster n someone who likes playing jokes on other people to drop vb if you “drop” something, that thing accidentally falls from your hands

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AUDIO

TRIVIA INTERNATIONAL CUSTOMS

Trivia

INTERNATIONAL CUSTOMS Every country and culture has its own way of doing things. In some countries talking about death is acceptable; in others, it’s taboo. In some countries touching the person who you’re talking to is permitted; in others it’s not. Of course, no country has a “monopoly” on what is, or is not, correct; and the fact that we all do things differently is part of the rich variety of life and humanity. Here are a few customs which are all examples of those international differences that exist between us. This is the second part of a mini-series. In ancient times, any Japanese person who tried to leave the country was executed. In Norway, it is common for guests to take their shoes off when entering someone’s house. In Britain it is customary to say “please” and “thank you” for absolutely everything, even if you aren’t particularly pleased or grateful; in the rest of the world people communicate more directly and less superficially. Until just a few years ago, the penalty for medical malpractice in some Asian countries was to cut off the doctor’s hands. In the western world, doctors get sued, pay enormous fines and lose their jobs… but not their hands. In Thailand, touching someone’s head is considered very offensive. In some Arabic countries it is acceptable to burp after a meal as a sign of appreciation for the food. In Japan people bow when they are introduced to another person; in Britain, the Queen is the only person to receive this privilege.

In Britain, it is seen as a sign of weakness and morally wrong to show your emotions in public, especially if you are a man. In most other countries in the world this is acceptable. In some Arabic countries it is common to see men walking down the road holding hands as a sign of friendship. In many countries, two fingers in a “V” sign are used to communicate the word “victory”. However, in Britain, if you show someone two fingers, with the back of your hand towards that person, it is an insult.

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In Britain it is still legal to hunt and kill foxes for fun; but it is a criminal offence to physically abuse any other animal. In Britain, horses are regarded as noble beasts and are generally loved and adored; in France, they eat horses. In Britain urinating in the street is generally ignored; in some Asian countries this is a criminal offence. In India, holding your ear is a sign that you feel sorry about something. In Britain, the general attitude towards children is that they should be “seen and not heard”. In other countries people have a more “benign” attitude towards the “little people”. In ancient Scotland, during a leap year, a woman could ask a man to be her husband. If he refused, and didn’t have a good excuse, he had to pay one pound (which was a lot of money in those days). France had a similar law. More next month!

In many Asian countries the left hand is considered unclean, so you should not eat with it. In Paraguay duelling is legal as long as both people are registered blood donors. Standing in a bar with your trousers down would be considered a sign of insanity in most countries around the world. However, this is perfectly normal for rugby players who do it for fun after games. In Britain, you have to do ten days community service if you are caught writing graffiti on public property; in Singapore they give you 30 strokes of the cane. In Sweden, when leaving someone’s home, you must wait until you are outside before putting on your coat. To do so earlier suggests you are eager to leave and is considered rude. Pointing with one finger is offensive in many Asian countries and is only done to animals or your enemies. In many countries around the world the press would never dare write critical articles about the royal family; in Britain it is perfectly acceptable to write about the sex life of the royal family, including as many details as possible. In Britain and America sweet corn is commonly used in salads; in South Korea, it is advertised as a topping for ice cream.

GLOSSARY medical malpractice n a situation when a doctor does an operation badly or does things that are morally wrong for a doctor to cut off phr vb if you “cut off” a hand, you cut the hand so it separates from the arm to sue vb to start a legal process against someone in order to get compen-sation a fine n money you have to pay because you have committed a crime to burp vb to force air out of your mouth making a loud and rude noise to bow vb to move your body down and forwards as a sign of respect duelling n fighting with swords (long metal objects with sharp points) a blood donor n a person who gives blood to hospitals a stroke of the cane n the cane is a stick that teachers use to hit students. One “stroke” is one hit

eager adj if you are “eager” to do something, you really want to do that thing to dare vb if you “dare” do something, you have the courage to do it even though it is dangerous sweet corn n food that is small, round and yellow a topping n food that you put on top of pizza a wedding cake n a cake that is made especially for a wedding a bride n the woman who is getting married in a wedding to hunt vb to find and kill something a fox n an animal that looks like a dog but has red fur (hair) a leap year n a year with 366 days to refuse vb if you “refuse” to do something, you do not do that thing

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TRIVIA INTERNATIONAL CUSTOMS

threw a plate with a piece of the wedding cake out of the window. If the plate broke, the bride would enjoy a happy future with her husband. If the plate remained intact, there would be problems.

VOCABULARY THE TRAIN

VOCABULARY THE TRAIN Here is some useful vocabulary related to TRAINS. Train ticket - this

Information desk

is what you buy from the ticket office. Have you noticed how tickets mysteriously disappear when the inspector comes to check them?

- there’s one of these in most stations, and the friendly staff here will answer all your questions. Of course, there’s usually a long, long queue and by the time you get the information you want, your train has already left.

Platform - this is where the train should leave from. Finding your platform when you’re in a rush is impossible.

Ticket vendor these are the people who sell you the ticket. One question: why do they work behind glass screens? Are they afraid of us?

Track - these are the lines that the train goes on. A common excuse in Britain for cancelling trains is that there are “too many leaves on the track”. Have you ever heard such a pathetic excuse?

Porter - these are the people who kindly offer to help you carry your bags… and charge you a bomb to do it.

Waiting room this is supposedly the warm place where you can wait in comfort. However, British waiting rooms are always cold.

A ticket machine these electronic machines are supposed to save time, but they rarely work, and they often have a sign on them that says, “no change given”.

A return ticket - this ticket allows you to travel to your destination and back again. Don’t lose it!

A monthly pass these are designed to save the frequent traveller lots of money… and they do. Miracles can happen!

A one-way ticket this ticket allows you to travel to your destination… and not back again. In Britain, it’s often cheaper to get a return ticket, even if you’re just going one way.

A cheap day return this ticket allows you to travel on the train very cheaply to and from a place… but only at the most inconvenient times usually between 11am and 3pm.

Lost-luggage office - in theory, this is where you go if you lose your bag or any other object. In practice, if you lose something, you can be guaranteed that you’ll never see it again.

Left-luggage office this is where you can pay to leave your bags so you don’t have to carry them with you when you go around the town.

GLOSSARY in a rush exp if you are “in a rush”, you need to get somewhere very quickly a leaf n (plural: leaves) leaves grow on trees to charge you a bomb exp to charge you a lot of money change n metal coins that you use in machines

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AUDIO

TYPICAL DIALOGUES

TYPICALDIALOGUES

THE TRAIN STATION Here’s a typical dialogue with lots of useful vocabulary and expressions to use when you’re in a train station. In this scene Mrs Jones is trying to buy a ticket. She’s having a few problems. Mrs Jones: Oh hi, I’d like a ticket to Wolverhampton, please. Ticket vendor: Single or return? Mrs Jones: Oh, a single, please. Erm… wait a minute, I think I’m coming back tomorrow. Can I get a return ticket? Ticket vendor: Yes, but it’s the same price. Mrs Jones: Oh, OK then, I’ll have a single to Wolverhampton, please. I’m quite excited actually because I haven’t been on a train in Britain for 15 years. I’ve been living in France. Ticket vendor: Oh, you’ll find that things have changed a bit since then. That’ll be forty two pounds and eighty pence, please. Mrs Jones: FORTY TWO POUNDS! That’s a bit expensive, isn’t it? Ticket vendor: Standard price, madam. How are you paying? Cash or credit card? Mrs Jones: VISA, please. Here’s my card. (thirty seconds later) Ticket vendor: Here you are. Just sign here please. Mrs Jones: Erm… when’s the next train for Wolverhampton, please. Ticket vendor: The next one will be leaving at… oh, sorry, you’ve just missed it. And it looks like the next one is cancelled. Mrs Jones: Cancelled? Ticket vendor: Yes, that’s right. “Technical reasons” it says here. Mrs Jones: What does that mean? Ticket vendor: Well, it usually means there’s been an accident… Or it could mean they’ve just cancelled the train to save money. Mrs Jones: What do you mean, to save money? Ticket vendor: It’s all about making the train service more efficient - well, that’s the theory. In practice it

Mrs Jones: Ticket vendor: Mrs Jones: Ticket vendor: Mrs Jones: Ticket vendor:

Mrs Jones: Ticket vendor:

just means there are less trains, and they’re more crowded. Well, when is the next train? The next train is at 16:47. But it’s only eleven o’clock. There’s a lovely café in the hall. Is the train direct? No, you have to change at Barking, then again at Petersborough, and then once more at Sheffield. It gets in at midnight. Midnight! I’m only going to Wolverhampton. Which platform does it go from? I’m sorry, but you’ll have to ask one of the “platform information officers”. You’ll find them in the station hall - they’ve got yellow jackets on. This is ridiculous. On second thoughts I think I’ll rent a car. Good idea madam. Here are some information leaflets on the nearest car rental firm. Personally I would recommend AVIS - they’ve got a great range of… (fades out)

GLOSSARY a single n a ticket that just takes you to your destination and not back again a return n a ticket that just takes you to your destination and back to the original place erm/er exp this is the sound that people make while they are thinking what to say a pound n the money in England. One pound is about 1.4 euros pence n one pound has 100 pennies. These pennies are also known as pence the standard price n the normal price cash or credit card? exp would you like to pay with cash (paper money) or credit card? here you are exp this is what people say when they give

you something to sign vb to put your name on a formal document to miss vb if you “miss” a train, you do not catch it crowded adj with many people a platform n in a train station this is an area next to the track where you wait for the train to come on second thoughts exp people say this when they decide to do something differently to the original plan or idea to rent vb to pay money to use something for a limited period of time a car rental firm n a company or business where you can pay money to use a car for a limited period of time

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ANSWERS ON PAGE 48

CROSSWORD

Across

Down

1: 2:

4: 8: 10: 12: 13: 15: 17: 19: 20: 21:

To be with your friends and to stay with them in a place doing nothing in particular. To ____________ out with them If you this happens, liquid falls out of a container: to sp___________ To wash your hands with water. To ___________ your hands If a ball does this, it hits the ground and then goes up in the air A person who travels to work on public transport If something does this, it enters a place comfortably. To f________ To discover the answer to something. To fig_________ out To go home very quickly. To _____ home To discover the answer to something. To find o________ Asked many, many questions: b____________ with questions To shout

Practice English Conversations 26

5: 6: 7: 9: 11: 13: 14: 16: 18:

A story If an insect does this to you, it bites you and puts poison in you With many, many people: jam-_____________ The final part of a joke that is the funny part. The punch- __________ To go to a place. To __________ to. To increase very quickly. To __________ up ASAP: as soon as _____________ To really want something. To ________ for that thing To speak in a low voice that is difficult to understand. To m______________ To telephone many people, or to call all your friends. To ring ______________ Frightening

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See if you can identify the word below. Then, try to find these words (here on the right) in the Wordsearch. Good luck! Answers on page 48.

MATCHING A: B: C: D: E: F: G: H: I: J: K: L: M: N:

To greet A bad temper A knee A cabin A sin A dish A can Glue To seek A tissue A hairdryer A trough A hoax Accessories

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.

GREET

GLUE

TEMPER

SEEK

KNEE

TISSUE

CABIN

HAIRDRYER

SIN

TROUGH

DISH

HOAX

CAN

ACCESSORIES

See if you can match the two columns. Answers on page 48.

A plate of food prepared in a special and typical way A small piece of paper used for cleaning your mouth or nose A joke or trick A small, metal cylinder for drinks If you have this, you are always angry or get angry very easily A small building in the country with just one room To say hello to someone and to welcome them to a place Complements for your clothing A long, rectangular container that animals drink out of The joint in the middle of your leg A crime against God To look for A substance used for sticking things An electrical device for drying your hair

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WORDSEARCH & MATCHING

WORDSEARCH

AUDIO

DR FINGERS’GRAMMAR CLINIC

DR FINGERS’GRAMMAR CLINIC Dear Dr Fingers, I’m a teacher working in a secondary school in Spain and I have a grammar-related problem. I recently saw this sentence: “I gave my brother a bicycle” Is it possible to change the order and write the sentence like this?: “I gave a bicycle to my brother.” Is this correct? And if it is correct, why do we have to use the preposition “to”? Please help me Dr Fingers. All the best, Puri (by e-mail). Dear Purificación (I do like to use full names - it is so much more civilised), Thank you very much for your interesting question. I will try to answer it for you. This question is really complicated, so if you’re feeling a bit tired, I suggest you come back later. Right, are you ready? OK, let’s get started. Well, as I’m sure you know, there are many verbs in English that can be followed by two objects. Some of these verbs include, “give”, “buy”, “send”, “bring” and “write”. For example: “Tom sent me a letter.” In this case, the objects are “me” and “a letter”. Here’s another example: “Joan wrote him a card.” And in this case, the objects are “him” and “a card”.

Today ’s class: DIRECT & TS INDIRECT OBJEC Indirect Objects OK, now sometimes you may also want to include an indirect object. In many cases, the indirect object is a person. The indirect object usually comes first in the sentence. Let’s see some examples: “I gave my brother a bicycle.” In this sentence, the indirect object is “my brother” (and the direct object is “bicycle”). Here are some more examples of indirect objects: “She brought me some food.” “They wrote Steven a letter.”

Direct Objects Now, let’s look at these objects in detail. The immediate complement of the verb is called the direct object. Sorry if this sounds complicated, but don’t worry because it isn’t. Here’s an example: “I bought a car.” In this sentence, the “car” is the complement of the verb “buy”. This kind of object is known as the direct object because it is “directly” connected to the verb. Here’s another example: “I sent a letter.” In this sentence, the direct object is the “letter”.

Objects & Prepositions As I mentioned before, we usually put the indirect object (the person) first in the sentence followed by the direct object. However, it is also possible to change this order and put the direct object first. For example: “She sent a letter to Paul.” Now, when we put the indirect object at the end of the sentence, we have to add a preposition (usually to or for). In this case, the preposition is “to”: “She sent a letter to Paul.” Here are some more examples: “They brought some food for me.” “They bought a house for her.” “They wrote a letter to Steven.” So, now you can see that your sentence, “I gave a bicycle to my brother”, is correct, and that we have to use a preposition because we have changed the order of the sentence. Well, I hope that has answered your question, and I sincerely hope it wasn’t too complicated - I do so hate to make things complicated. Anyway, that’s enough from me. See you all next month and happy talking, Dr Fingers.

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AUDIO

BUSINESS DIALOGUES

BUSINESSDIALOGUES THE UNIFORM PART I This is the first part of a two-part mini-series called “The Uniform”. In the first part, Mr Cook, the head of a chain of restaurants in London, is meeting with the branch managers. Linda is the branch managers’ spokesperson. Listen to the dialogue and answer these two questions: 1. What is Mr Cook worried about? 2. What is Linda worried about? Good morning everybody. I’ve called this meeting to talk about our latest business initiative. Managers: Morning. Mr Cook: As you know, things haven’t been going well recently: the number of customers is down, and we’ve been losing customers to rival restaurants in the area. In order to reverse this alarming trend, we’ve developed a new strategy that will help differentiate us from our competitors. Linda: Mr Cook, we understand perfectly well the situation the company is in. What my colleagues are interested in knowing is will there be any lay-offs or redundancies. Mr Cook: We’ll talk about that later. As I was saying, we have to find a niche for ourselves in the market, and a way of developing our brand image… Linda: Will we be out of a job or not? Mr Cook: … and we have to do our utmost to satisfy customer demand. Linda: Can you guarantee our position within the company? Mr Cook: If you’ll just bear with me for one minute, I’d like to show you what our design department has come up with… And here it is, our latest range of staff uniforms… (Mr Cook pulls out an example of the new staff uniform) Managers: Oh my God. Linda: Mr Cook, you cannot be serious. Mr Cook: Oh, yes, I am deadly serious… the survival of our company is at stake, and you can never underestimate my determination to… (to be continued)

Mr Cook:

1. I’ve called this meeting to talk ____ our latest business initiative. 2. We’ve been losing customers ____ rival restaurants in the area. 3. We’ve developed a new strategy that will help differentiate us _________ our competitors. 4. I’d like to show you what our design department has come _____ with. 5. The survival of our company is ________ stake.

GLOSSARY a chain of restaurants n a group of restaurants that all belong to the same company a branch manager n a person in charge of a “branch”. A “branch” of a company is an office that belongs to that company a spokesperson n a person who represents a group of people a business initiative n a business plan or idea to be down exp to have decreased to reverse vb to change an alarming trend n a bad and constant development to differentiate vb if you “differentiate” yourself from the competition, you show customers how you are different a lay-off n if an employee is “laid-off”, he or she is told to leave a company

a redundancy n if there are “redundancies”, a company tells some employees to leave a niche n if you find a “niche” in the market, you find a hole in the market and an opportunity to sell something new a brand image n a special look and image for your product (your brand) that helps define your product in the market out of a job exp with no job to do your utmost exp to make a big effort to do something if you’ll just bear with me exp please wait until I finish deadly serious adj very serious at stake exp if something is “at stake”, it is in danger and something bad could happen to it

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AUDIO

BUSINESSDIALOGUES THE UNIFORM - PART II Mr Cook has just introduced the idea of a new staff uniform to his branch managers. In this dialogue you will hear the staff reactions to Mr Cook’s new initiative. Listen and answer these two questions: 1. Why don’t the branch managers like the uniform? 2. What will the branch managers have to do every hour on the hour? Mr Cook: I can guarantee that these new uniforms will improve the image of the company and increase our brand image. And look, they have a number of very nifty features, such as this button… Linda: What does that do? Mr Cook: Just listen to this. It’s state-of-the-art. You just press this button on your chest and, voilá, listen, (robotic voice), “Hello, can I take your order?” Linda: This is truly awful. Mr Cook: Look if we don’t do things like this, the competition will. Linda: Well I think we can live with that. I mean, look, that cap is humiliating. Mr Cook: I think bright green sends out a message of reassurance to our customers. Linda: I wasn’t referring to the colour, I meant the big ear flaps on each side - they’re degrading. Mr Cook: They’ll keep you warm. Linda: Keeping warm is the least of our concerns - it’s 25º C outside, and next to the kitchens it’s boiling hot - I don’t need to keep warm. I think I can safely speak on behalf of my colleagues and say that we’re not wearing that. Mr Cook: We’ve got to move with the times. And, now listen, this is the best part. You’re going to love this. (Mr Cook takes out a CD recorder) We’ve come up with a new company jingle: “Happy, happy, happy, we are all so happy, eating, eating, eating, at Jolly Sal’s Café”. Linda: That is possibly the worst jingle I’ve ever heard in my life. Mr Cook: Well, I think you’d better get used to it because you’ll be singing it every hour on the hour from now on. Linda: What? What are you trying to do? Turn these restaurants into a circus? Mr Cook: Mmm… it’ll help attract customers. Linda: And what about you, Mr Cook? What are you doing to support this ‘marvellous’ initiative?

Mr Cook: Oh, I’ve done my bit, carefully preparing it all. I think that’s sufficient. Linda: And will you be wearing the new uniform and singing with us? Mr Cook: You must be joking. I’ve got a reputation to maintain. Linda: Well I think that says it all. To hell with your company initiative - we’re not participating. Mr Cook: But… OK, did you hear the answers?

Exercise Now let’s try another activity. Listen to the sentences from the previous dialogue. In each one there is a missing word and a beeping sound. Write down what you think the word is. (The answers are on page 48.) 1. Just listen _________ this. 2. Bright green sends _________ a message of reassurance to our customers. 3. I think I can safely speak _________ behalf of my colleagues. 4. I think you’d better get used _________ it. 5. You’ll be singing it every hour _________ the hour from now on. Bye!

GLOSSARY nifty adj inform if you describe an object as “nifty”, you think that object is clever, interesting and special a feature n an interesting or important part of something state-of-the-art adj the most modern example of something voilá exp French some people use this French expression - more or less it means “here, look at this” the competition n other companies who are competing with your company a cap n a hat that baseball players wear reassurance n confidence an ear flap n two pieces of material on the side of

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a hat that cover your ears and make them warm degrading adj humiliating - something that makes you feel bad about yourself boiling hot exp very hot on behalf of exp if you speak “on behalf of someone”, you speak for them because they can’t be there to speak for themselves to move with the times exp to adapt and change as things change a jingle n a short melody that is used to promote a company, business or product to get used to something exp to become accustomed to something to hell with (your company initiative) exp inform we use “to hell with” in front of a noun (or noun group) to show we are angry with something

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COLOURS IDIOMS

COLOURS IDIOMS This month we are looking at some more idioms related to various colours. Illustrations by Jorge Tarruella

Every cloud has a silver lining

To be born with a silver spoon in your mouth

There is something good in everything - even in a bad situation: “I was really looking forwards to going on that cruise, but in the end I couldn’t go because of work obligations. However, that meant I could go to the football match on Saturday so I guess every cloud has a silver lining.”

To be born into a life of privilege: “Since she was a child, she has had maids, servants, horses and a room full of toys - she was born with a silver spoon in her mouth.”

To hand something to someone on a silver platter To let someone get something very easily, without having to do any work for it: “She sold her share of the house to her brother at a very low price - she handed it to him on a silver platter.

GLOSSARY

To have blue blood To be from the aristocracy and the highest social class; to be related to royalty: “He dresses badly, but apparently he has blue blood.”

The grass isn’t always greener on the other side Things aren’t better in another place; things aren’t always better in other places; the things other people have aren’t always better: A: “If we moved away from the city and went to live in the country, the children would be able to play outside safely.” B: “Yes, but we’d be away from our friends - the grass isn’t always greener on the other side.”

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Please note that some of the words in this glossary box are literal translations of parts of idiomatic expressions. a spoon n a metal object you use for eating. You can use a spoon to eat soup a cloud n when it rains, there are many dark clouds in the sky full of water a lining n a layer of material in the inside of a jacket (for example) to make it warmer to guess vb to think, to imagine a platter n a special, large plate blood n the red liquid inside your body grass n the green plant that covers the ground

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POP IDOLS

those damn yanks

POP IDOLS What do you think the following artists have in common? Britney Spears, Christina Aguilera, Pink, Shakira, N’Sync, the Backstreet Boys, Blue Mirror and Justin Timberlake. Well, they’re all teen idols. So, “what is a teen idol?”, you may well ask. Well, they are basically singers or artists that were created artificially by the music industry. This “teen pop” business is worth billions and has been around for more than five decades; and these days there are lots of teen idols around, especially because of TV shows like “Popstars”. How does the industry work? And when did it start? By Laura Warrell (US English spelling) Illustrations by Sonia Beduya

Sex, Drugs & Rock ‘n Roll

Monkeys & Beatles

The formula for creating a teen pop idol is simple: you take a kid, surround them with managers, stylists and media trainers and in just a short time they have a record contract, a television series and lots of money, fame and sex. After a few years they usually disappear and no one cares about them anymore because they get old, or end up in drug rehabilitation centers, prison or hardcore porn films. So where did it all start?

The Monkees were the first and most successful teen pop band. The four members of the Monkees were chosen from auditions. None of them knew anything about music or played instruments (at least, they didn’t play them well). But that didn’t matter and soon afterwards the marketing department created a line of Monkees products, including T-shirts, posters and lunch boxes. They looked and acted just like the Beatles, and they also had their own show, called the Monkees. Of course, true music lovers hated this manufactured band; and real musicians resented them because the Monkees were so successful. However, when their show finished, none of the Monkees had any friends and the group went their separate ways.

Wild Boys The first teen idols were created during the 1950s. At the time, American teenagers just wanted to have a good time; and Rock n’ Roll was the answer. In 1955, Bill Haley’s “Rock Around the Clock,” introduced them to this new music, which had its roots in Rhythm ‘n’ Blues, a mostly black style of music. Elvis Presley and Jerry Lee Lewis were the white boys who played “black music”. This scared American parents because they feared sex and the influence this music was having on their kids. In response to this, the music industry created teen idols. These first versions of teen idols played gentle pop songs with no sexual or political content. The girl pop stars dressed like nuns and sang innocent songs about being in love with school boys. The boys, like Fabian and Frankie Avalon, had bouffant haircuts, no facial hair and sang in whiny voices. The music industry made millions; and teenage girls fell in love with the idols and regularly cried and passed out at concerts. Teenage boys imitated the idols hoping to snog teenage girls.

Old Men & Pain Killers 1970s teen idols were completely different. They had long hair and lots of chest hair. One of the most famous 1970s teen idols was David Cassidy, star of the TV series, The Partridge Family. This TV show was all about a family of musicians, and was really popular. David was a short, mildly attractive guy who once said: “Fame is difficult because one day it will end. Until then, I’m going to enjoy the traveling, the girls and the music. So, the day I wake up as an old man working as an auto mechanic addicted to painkillers, I won’t have any regrets.”

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POP IDOLS The two big questions concerning the show were: Would David Cassidy ever kiss his pretty female co-star?; and, What kid would ever want to be in a band with mom?

Nose Jobs The big teen group of the 1980s was an American group called “The New Kids on the Block”. The five boys from Boston were chosen by a producer called Maurice Starr, who wrote their music and brought in dance teachers to turn them into a white version of the Jackson Five. The formula worked. When the group finally broke up, none of them found success again and one of them had a nervous breakdown. Two famous teen pop princesses of the time were Debbie Gibson and Tiffany. Debbie Gibson wrote songs with names like “Electric Youth,” and danced in frilly skirts and denim jackets; and unlike any of her predecessors, she actually played an instrument and knew how to write music. Tiffany was discovered in a shopping mall. Her dancing consisted mostly of shaking her shoulders. Some say her career didn’t last long because she had zero musical talent. As an adult, she got a nose job and posed for Playboy magazine. This did nothing to save her career.

God & Old Women So what happens to teen idols when their commercial value comes to an end? Once they get old, and the fame, money, fans and cheap sex disappear, many of them become drug addicts… and some even die of drug abuse or kill themselves. Others become ridiculous “hasbeens” who play concerts in Las Vegas to old women who still think it’s 1962. And a small minority “find God” and start recording really bad gospel music.

GLOSSARY a kid n a child to end up phr vb if you “end up” in a place, you arrive in that place eventually the roots n the origins gentle adj not aggressive, soft a nun n a woman who dedicates her life to religion and works for a church or charity a bouffant haircut n hair that is styled so it is high and full a whiny voice n a high voice that sounds sad and not pleasant to pass out phr vb to lose consciousness to snog vb inform to kiss passionately with tongues an audition n if an actor does an “audition”, he or she acts in front of a director so the director can choose someone for a film or play, etc a line n a group of products all related to the same subject a lunch box n

a little box that children take to school - it has their food in it to resent vb to have strong feelings of hatred usually towards people who are more successful than you chest hair n hair on your chest (the front part of your body) a painkiller n medicine that you take to eliminate pain a regret n a feeling of sadness for something you did in the past mom n inform mother to break up phr vb to separate a shopping mall n a large area with many shops a nose job n an operation to change the shape of your nose a has-been n inform a person who was once successful and popular but who is forgotten now gospel music n religious pop/rock music, often sung by groups of African-American singers

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HONESTYQUOTES

honestyQUOTES Here are some quotes on the subject of honesty. Use them if you ever find yourself in a difficult situation. Next month: dishonesty.

“The most difficult thing in the world is being honest.” Comtesse Diane. “The last thing people want in films is the truth.” Sylvester Stallone.

“Truth is the safest lie.” Jewish proverb. “Death is the only inevitable truth.” James Dean. “My way of joking is to tell the truth; it’s the funniest joke in the world.” George Bernard Shaw. Anglo-Irish writer.

“If you always told the truth, you would never have to remember anything.” Mark Twain.

“Anger cannot be dishonest.” George R. Bach. “All

good actors work the same way. They just stand there and tell the truth.” James Woods.

“The truth is the one thing that nobody will believe.” George Bernard Shaw.

“Being entirely honest with oneself is a good exercise.” Sigmund Freud.

GRAMMAR REMINDER “If you always told the truth, you would never have to remember anything.” In this grammar reminder we will be looking at the second conditional. We use this structure to talk about imaginary situations in the future, and things that will probably not happen. Look at the following two sentences: a) “If I have lots of money, I will buy a new house.” b) “If I had lots of money, I would buy a new house.” The difference between “if I have”, and “if I had”, is not a question of time. The main difference is that sentence “b” is referring to a less probable situation. In both cases the speaker is talking about an imaginary situation. This structure is formed like this: if + past tense verb, would + infinitive. Let’s look at some more examples: “I would go with you if I had the time.” “She would tell you the answer if she knew it.”

Notice how it is possible to start the sentence with the “if” clause or the “would” clause: “If I had lots of money, I would buy a new house.” “I would buy a new house, if I had lots of money.” Also notice how you can use the contraction “ ‘d” instead of “would”: “I’d buy a new house if I had lots of money.” “She’d be really happy if you bought that for her.” And finally, notice how you can use “were” instead of “was” with “I/he/she/it”. According to some grammar books this isn’t correct, but it is very common in spoken English: “If I were you, I would leave early.” “If I was you, I would leave early.” “If he were bigger, he’d hit you.” “If he was bigger, he’d hit you.” “She’d help you if she were here.” “She’d help you if she was here.”

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GIANNI VERSACE

fashion

GIANNI VERSACE This month we are looking at another Italian fashion designer, Gianni Versace. Who was he? And what were his clothes like? The Company The Versace business has been tremendously successful. In the first year (1978), sales were approximately $15million. But by 1996 sales were in excess of $1billion - an increase of more than 7000% in less than 20 years. At the time of his murder, Versace had an empire that included accessories, fragrances, make-up and home furnishings as well as clothing. He’s best known for his women’s clothes, but he also made a lot of men’s clothes. In addition, Versace designed costumes for the theatre and ballet.

collections for some of Italy’s top fashion houses. In 1978, with the help of his brother Santo, he set up his own company. Later the same year his first collection for women was shown in Milan. His first shop opened later the same year, also in Milan. Versace quickly won acclaim around the world and in 1982 he won his first industry award for his collection of women’s clothing. The collection included a dress made from metal, which became a trademark of his designs. Versace continued to receive awards throughout his career, for example in 1988 he was named “the most innovative and creative designer in the world”.

Versace Style

Business First

Versace had a unique fashion style, which since his murder has been continued by his sister Donatella. Versace was known for vibrant colours, unconventional materials and daring cuts. The designs were very sexy, with low-cut tops and high splits in the skirts. Some people called them vulgar; others loved them. Versace has often been called “the rock-and-roll designer”. His male customers included musicians Phil Collins, Bruce Springsteen, George Michael, Eric Clapton and Elton John. His most famous female clients were Diana, Princess of Wales and Princess Caroline of Monaco.

As well as being a highly original designer, Versace was also a very astute businessman. He was one of the first designers to work with famous photographers in his advertising; and his collaboration with the American photographer Richard Avedon helped him to become one of the world’s elite designers. He also used top fashion models in all his advertising (quite rare at the time), and he used unusual lighting effects in his fashion shows that were much more flattering than the conventional overhead lighting of the time. Tragically, Gianni Versace was shot dead outside his home in Miami, Florida in July 1997. The prime suspect for the murder (thought to be a crazy stalker) committed suicide two weeks later. After his death his brother Santo took over as CEO of the company; and his sister Donatella (who was already working as a designer for the company) became chief designer. Her designs have proved to be as popular as those of her brother, and the company continues to do well.

Career History So how did it all start? Designing clothes was in his blood and he always considered himself a tailor, rather than a designer. His mother ran a small dressmaking business, where he served as an apprentice. He then moved to Milan and started working as a freelance designer. By the age of 25 he was designing

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GIANNI VERSACE & CARTOON

THE UNOFFICIAL HOLIDAY

VITAL STATISTICS Nationality: Born: Died: Best known for: Style: Star Rating:

Italian 2 December 1946 Reggio, Calabria, Italy. Murdered on 15 July 1997 - Miami, Florida, USA. Fashionable clothing and bright colours. Bold and colourful.

⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐

GLOSSARY accessories n things that accompany your clothing such as belts, ties, jewellery, etc fragrances n perfume and after-shave make-up n paint you put on your face to decorate yourself home-furnishings n furniture, carpets, curtains, etc vibrant colours n bright colours daring adj not conventional - different a cut n the way the clothes are cut and made low-cut adj a dress that is low at the top and shows part of a woman’s chest a top n clothing that you wear on the top half of your body a high split n a cut near the top of the dress that shows more of your leg a skirt n clothing women wear to cover their legs was in his blood exp was something his family always did a tailor n

a person whose job is to make clothes to run vb to control and do the adminis-tration for a company a dressmaking business n a company that makes clothes an apprentice n a person who works in a company and who is learning how to do things a freelance designer n a designer who does jobs for companies without being em-ployed by the company to set up phr vb to establish and start to win acclaim exp if you “win acclaim”, the critics are positive about you a trademark n a symbol; something represen-tative astute adj clever and intelligent crazy adj mad, insane, with mental problems a stalker n a person who has an obsession with a celebrity and who follows this star a CEO abbr a Chief Executive Officer; an important person in a company

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WAR OF THE WORLDS

Weird World

WAR OF THE WORLDS Do you believe in aliens? According to a recent survey, 40% of Americans think there’s life out there, somewhere. And it’s understandable if you think about it, because we can’t be the only life form, can we? Well, back in 1938, millions of Americans were convinced they were under attack by Martians. Some ran. Some took their guns. And others hid in their homes in fear. What was going on?

Start On 30th October 1938 thousands of Americans were happily listening to a music programme on CBS Radio when a reporter interrupted the music to deliver an important announcement. Apparently, astronomers had just seen enormous blue flames coming off the surface of Mars. The broadcast returned to the music, but soon afterwards it was interrupted again with more news: now a strange meteor had fallen to earth, crashing on a farm near the town of Grover’s Mill in New Jersey. A reporter was soon there to describe the scene.

Alien Attack According to the news report, the meteor was some kind of spaceship. It was inside a crater and the reporter watched as a strange creature with tentacles came out and blasted the onlookers with a heat-ray. Minutes later, the machine went back into the crater, but came out again soon afterwards quickly killing 7,000 soldiers who were surrounding it. Then, it began walking across the land, joined by other machines. The machines killed people with their heat-rays, and released a poisonous black gas. It didn’t take long for people to start panicking.

Reactions Many people rang friends and family to find out what was going on. Others began shouting that the end of the world had begun and soon the panic began to spread. Some people put supplies in their cars and fled the Martian invaders. One mother in New England reportedly packed her babies and lots of bread into a car, figuring that “if everything is burning, you can’t eat money, but you can eat

bread”. Other people hid in cellars, hoping that the poisonous gas wouldn’t affect them. One college student drove forty-five miles in an attempt to save his girlfriend.

Panic Mrs Thomas remembers the night very well: “We were petrified. Someone was banging on our front door. It was our neighbour from across the street. She had put her seven kids in their car and she kept yelling, ‘come on. Let’s get out of here!’.” Thirteen-year-old Henry Sears was doing his homework when he heard the news report of the invasion. He took the radio downstairs and listened with a group of friends. Some of them said they were going to get their guns and join in the defence at Grover’s Mill. People even panicked in New York City. One Bronx resident describes the scene: “I lived in an apartment house. Everyone ran out and looked at the sky to see if the Martians were coming. Can you imagine all those people coming out of their apartment houses?” At the police headquarters there was chaos too. “Between 8:30pm and 10pm we received numerous phone calls, with people asking about the meteors, the number of people killed, the gas attack and what the military was doing about it,” said one police officer.

A Radio Play So what was really going on? Well, it turns out that the whole thing was a big joke. The radio programme was a version of a story by the writer HG Wells called the “War of the Worlds”. It was read by the

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WAR OF THE WORLDS

INFORMATION BOX - ORSON WELLES actor Orson Wells, who worked for a radio station called Mercury Theatre. The broadcast reached a huge audience, and experts believe that approximately six million people heard it; and out of this number almost one million people panicked. So why did so many people fall for the trick?

Radio: The first thing is that at the time, the radio was the number one form of communication. These days when we want to find out about something we have television, the internet and our mobile phones. But back in the 1930s there was only the radio.

Orson Welles was born in Kenosha, Wisconsin on 6th May 1915. At the age of 13, he travelled alone to France, Italy, England and Germany; and a year later he went to Shanghai. Back in the US he went to the Chicago Art Institute, and tried to get work as an actor. Then, at the age of 16 he went to Ireland, where he worked at the Gate Theatre; and a year later he went to Spain to write. He eventually returned to Illinois and started recording plays for the radio. Soon he was earning $1000 a week, and he was only 20-years-old! In 1937, Welles and Houseman founded the Mercury Theater, a production company that staged radio plays, including, of course, The War Of The Worlds. In 1939 Welles went to Hollywood, where he made the classic film, Citizen Kane. After this, he went to Europe where he worked in theatre. He died on 10th October 1985 in Los Angeles. His ashes are buried in Malaga, Spain, where he spent his summer at the age of 18.

War Another reason why so many people panicked was because of the global situation at the time. There was a lot of tension in Europe, and it had been very common during the previous three months for radio broadcasts to be interrupted by reporters with ominous news from Europe. Many who panicked later said that they had thought that the Martian invasion was actually an attack by German soldiers.

Authentic And finally, the way in which the play was read gave it all an air of reality. There were a series of news flashes with real place names and institutions such as the “Secretary Of The Interior” and the “State Militia”. Apparently, there was an announcement at the beginning of the broadcast saying that the “news” was just a story. But most people had tuned in when the “play” had already started, so they didn’t hear the warning.

After Effects The next day, Orson Welles appeared before the press to apologise for what he had done. He claimed that he had no idea that everyone was going to really think it was true. However, many say that Welles knew exactly what he was doing. At the time, the Mercury theatre (created by Welles and John Houseman) was in financial trouble. Both Welles and Houseman needed a sensation and some really good publicity to save the business... and the “War of the Worlds” really helped. The morning after the broadcast the name of Orson Welles was headline news all over America… and the Mercury theatre was saved. In 1955 during a BBC television radio interview, Welles actually took credit for the trick.

GLOSSARY FOR CARTOON a kid n a child to settle down phr vb to calm down - to stop being excited a broadcast n a programme on the radio or television to land vb if a plane “lands”, it comes to the ground in a controlled way mum/mom n inform mother on second thoughts exp an expression you say when you decide to do something different to the thing you planned to do

a cellar n a room under a house ain’t abbr inform is not to tan a backside exp to hit a person on their “backside” (the part of your body that you sit on). This expression comes from the process of turning animal skin into leather otherwise known as “tanning” I told you so exp an expression people say when it becomes clear that what they said before was correct

WAR OF THE WORLDS - THE INTERNATIONAL VERSIONS In November 1944 the “War of the Worlds” was broadcast in Santiago, Chile; and in February 1949 it was performed by a radio station in Quito, Ecuador. An angry group of people surrounded the radio station and burned it when they found out it was all just a joke.

GLOSSARY under attack exp if you are “under attack”, an enemy is fighting you a Martian n a “person” from the planet Mars a flame n long bits of orange and blue fire that come off a fire a broadcast n a programme on the radio or television a spaceship n a rocket that you use to travel through space to blast vb to shoot a gun and kill people or destroy buildings on-lookers n people who are watching something a heat-ray n a very hot line of fire that can kill or destroy to release vb if a gas is “released”, the gas comes out to spread vb if panic starts to “spread”, more and more people start to panic supplies n food that you keep so you can use it in the future to flee vb (past: fled) to run away from a place; to escape

from a place to hide vb (past: hid) to go to a secret place where no one can find you a cellar n the room in a house that is under the ground to bang vb if you “bang” on a door, you hit the door to yell vb to shout to turn out phr vb if something “turns out” a particular way, it happens in that way in the end huge adj very big to fall for a trick exp to believe something that was just a trick ominous news n bad news about disastrous things a news flash n a piece of important news that interrupts a radio or television programme to tune in phr vb if you “tune in” to a radio programme, you start to listen to it headline news n very important news that is on the front page of a newspaper

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(GLOSSARY ON PREVIOUS PAGE)

(glossary on previous page) Illustration by Jorge Tarruella

WAR OF THE WORLDS

Weird World Cartoon

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True stories from around the world that are hard to believe! AUDIO

STRANGE BUT TRUE

e u r T T U B Strange Hang ‘Em High All about a criminal, some lawyers and a sick sense of humour

Justice? If you ever have to go to court, you will expect it to be a quiet, solemn, dignified place. In most cases this is true. However, one court in Alabama, in the south of the US, was somewhat different. And one poor man, John Brent, had an unforgettable experience there.

Murder? Mr Brent had been arrested four years before and charged with murder. The facts were never clear and there was no real evidence against him: an elderly man had been found dead in an apartment, and a witness claimed to have seen Mr Brent near the scene of the crime. Mr Brent claimed that he was innocent, and his lawyers and family supported him all the way. As the trial-date got closer and closer, Mr Brent was more and more convinced that he was going to win. But nothing could have prepared him for what he saw when he walked into court that morning.

Appropriate? “I walked into that courtroom expecting to see a bunch of guys looking suitably serious,” Mr Brent later explained to journalists. “But what I saw made me feel sick: the two prosecuting lawyers had these very unusual ties on. At first I couldn’t see what was different about them, but as I got closer I saw that they were wearing nooses. Yes, nooses that they use to hang people. I gotta say that made me worried. I mean, it was like they were laughing at me and the fact that they were going to execute me. Then, later on, I saw that one of them had a scythe, just like the Grim Reaper. I couldn’t decide whether to laugh or cry. And what really made me mad was the fact that the judge didn’t do or say anything. Perhaps he thought it was funny too! But that wasn’t all.”

Funny? “All through the trial those dudes were making jokes and laughing. For instance, one of the prosecutors kept referring to me as ‘the criminal’, instead of ‘the accused’; and another one suggested bringing a separate case against me for wasting court time. It was incredible. I spoke to my lawyers and we decided to propose abandoning the trial. Later on, I found out that this kind of thing goes on all the time. Apparently, the lawyers even have parties to celebrate sentences that involve capital punishment; and lawyers often present one

another with plaques decorated with nooses when they win a case like this. It’s just sick!”

Understandable? Days later the Supreme Court passed a law prohibiting the wearing of nooses. A spokesperson for the justice department said: “We have to say that this kind of behaviour is appalling.” Mr Brent was later released and declared innocent of all charges. At a press conference he said: “I feel that justice has been done. And I would like to see an end to these practices. Court cases should be solemn events, and death should not be treated as a joke, I think.” GLOSSARY a court n a building where there are legal processes against people accused of crimes somewhat exp we use “somewhat” to say that something is more or less true an unforgettable experience n an experience that is hard to forget a witness n a person who sees a crime to support someone all the way exp to support someone completely a trial-date n a “trial” is a legal process against someone. A “trial-date” is the day and time that the trial happens a bunch of guys n informal a group of people suitably adv appropriately a prosecuting lawyer n a legal representative who works against the accused a tie n a long, thin piece of clothing that men wear around their necks and on their shirts a noose n a piece of rope or string with a circle that goes around someone’s neck. It is used to execute criminals to hang vb to kill someone by putting a rope around their neck and pushing them off a high place gotta abbr have got to I mean exp

this expression is used to introduce some important information a scythe n a long piece of wood with a curved sharp bit at the end. It is used to cut grass the Grim Reaper n an imaginary character who looks like a skeleton and who represents death mad adj US really angry. “Mad” means insane in British English a judge n the person in control of a legal process a dude n US a man to bring a separate case against someone exp to start a separate legal process against someone during a trial to waste court time exp to do things that interfere with the trial and irritate the judge to go on phr vb to happen sentences that involve capital punishment n sentences in which the criminal is executed a plaque n a piece of wood or metal with text about a person or event it’s just sick exp I think it is horrible/terrible/really bad appalling adj terrible a press conference n a meeting between someone famous and the press

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Authentic conversations by native British speakers

BRITISH BAR CHAT

AUDIO

t a h c r a b h Britis The Simpsons This month Philip and Martin are talking about the Simpsons. Listen to their conversation and answer these questions. Remember, you don’t have to understand every word in order to answer the questions. Just listen for the key words (the most important words in the conversation):

Exercise 1. What does one of the speakers like about the Simpsons? 2. What does the other speaker NOT like about the Simpsons?

Phillip: Oh, I found myself watching an episode of the Simpson’s last night. What a load of crap! Martin: The Simpsons, it’s brilliant. That’s the, the best, the best thing on TV, the Simpsons. Philip: It’s trivial. It’s not funny, it’s full of stereotypes. Martin: Not funny, not funny, my ass. Oh, no, that is the funniest programme on TV. It’s such a cool reflection of real life. Philip: Real life! It just takes a real life problem and trivialises it. Martin: No, it, it raises issues. Really, it takes, it takes any kind of issues that, you know, in the whole series they deal with absolutely everything. They deal with sexism and racism and absolutely everything. It’s brilliant. Philip: Yeah, they deal with it in a superficial way with these characters that no one can believe and are not convincing and… Martin: Oh, the characters [mumbling], I mean, they’re exaggerated obviously, you know, cos it’s, like, it’s a cartoon, isn’t it? But, but, you know, they make real points, they’re really valid. And anyway, it’s like one of the few

programmes you can watch in a foreign language. Cos it’s, like, it’s a cartoon, and so it doesn’t matter that it’s dubbed. It’s not like watching a film. Philip: Yeah, you can say that about any cartoon. I mean, you can’t, you know, I don’t think that’s a point in it’s favour. Besides, the drawing’s terrible, I mean, who... Martin: No, the, but the drawings make a point, don’t they? You don’t, it doesn’t need to be a work of art. It’s a, it’s a cartoon, you get into the character, you know, you don’t really care what they look like, or the art. Philip: Mmm… Hey! Have you seen? The Simpson’s are on now, yeah. Martin: Oh no, not again. I see it every bloody day. Let’s put on a video. GLOSSARY what a load of crap exp offens this expression can be used to say that you think something is very bad brilliant adj excellent, very good my ass exp offens US this expression can be used to say that you think someone is not telling the truth, or is saying stupid things a reflection of true life exp if something is a “reflection of true life”, it is similar to what happens in real life to trivialise vb to make something seem less important than it is to raise issues exp to discuss important subjects such as racism, sexism, etc you know? exp people often say this to check that the other person is understanding to deal with exp if you “deal with” a subject, you talk about that subject

to mumble vb to speak in a very low and soft voice that is difficult to understand I mean exp this is often used to introduce something important that you want to say cos abbr because like exp people often use this word when they are thinking about what to say next. It is used to fill space in a conversation and it doesn’t mean anything to dub vb if a film is “dubbed”, different sound is added with actors speaking a translation of the dialogue to be on exp if something is “on” the television, you can watch that thing on the television bloody exp offens people use this expression when they are angry, frustrated or surprised

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AUDIO

DICTIONARY OF SLANG

Dictionary of slang Here we’ve got some examples of how to say things in different situations.

Situation

Formal

Relaxed

Informal

You are going to leave a place:

I am departing

I’m going

I’m off; I’m out of here, I’m shooting off, I’m gonna run

People have been speaking badly about you:

They have been tarnishing my name

They’ve been talking behind my back

They’ve been having a go at me; they’ve been slagging me off; they’ve been bad-mouthing me; they’ve been putting in the boot

You tell someone to look at something:

I’d like you to inspect this

Take a look at this

Get a load of this; have a butcher’s at this; get an eyeful of this

You were talking about something with someone:

We were engaged in conversation

We were having a chat

We were nattering away; we were having a chin wag, we were chewing the fat; we were shooting the breeze (US)

You are happy with the result of something:

This is very good indeed

This is great

Excellent!; nice one!; cool!; wicked!

You have just finished a job:

That job is terminated

It’s all done

It’s all wrapped up; sorted; done and dusted

Someone complains to you about a job you have done for them. They want you to do it again. You refuse:

Accept it if you wish

Take it or leave it

Like it or lump it

Please note that the words in this glossary box are literal translations of parts of idiomatic expressions.

GLOSSARY to shoot vb to fire a gun so a bullet comes out gonna abbr going to a slag n offens an insulting word to refer to someone (usually a woman) you think has sex with too many people a boot n a large shoe a load n a lot a butcher’s n a shop that sells meat a chin n the area of your face that is below your mouth

to wag vb if a dog “wags” its tail, it moves its tail from side to side to chew vb if you “chew” food, you use your teeth to break the food and move it from side to side a breeze n a light wind wicked adj evil and bad to dust vb to clean a surface and take off the dust (little pieces of dirt) a lump n a solid piece of something

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AUDIO

IN THE NEWS

In The News... James Bond, Dracula & Tarzan It seems that some actors can’t distinguish between fiction and reality. Roger Moore, the British actor who played James Bond 007, was in Poland recently to receive an award. During the ceremony he asked if he could “transmit a secret message”. It appears that he was under the impression that Poland was still a Soviet Bloc country, and that he was working for “His Majesty’s Secret Service”. Apparently, this is nothing new and there have been a number of similar cases. Johnny Weissmuller, the swimming champion who played Tarzan during the 40s, was admitted to a psychiatric ward in 1979. As he was signing the papers he reportedly banged his fists on his chest and shouted, “Ahhhhhhh!” with his best Tarzan voice. Bela Lugosi, who was famous for his role as Dracula, slept in a coffin during the day; and when he died in 1956 he was buried wearing his cape. Daniel Day Lewis, the star of “Last of the Mohicans”, once played Shakespeare’s Hamlet. During one of the performances Mr Lewis ran off stage, claiming that he had seen a vision of his dead father just like Hamlet, who is visited by his dead father. And Hollywood actor Michael Douglas was admitted to a hospital clinic because of an “addiction to sex”. Truth really is stranger than fiction.

Brushed Off Dr John Tempa, a dentist from Milwaukee, decided enough was enough after a 3-metre toothbrush went missing from his front lawn. In a fit of rage he smashed his neighbour’s car with a baseball bat and is now facing a charge for criminal damage. “It’s the fifth time my toothbrush has been taken,” explained Dr Tempa, who uses the brush for publicity for his dental clinic. “Last month some guy called and said he was looking for a toothbrush for his pet elephant; and last year my brush disappeared on New Year’s Eve. It eventually turned up painted blue. I know who did it, but I didn’t have the proof,” Dr Tampa said The 47-year-old dentist accuses a family of six who live just opposite him, which is why he smashed their car. Dr Tampa faces a large fine. Meanwhile, the toothbrush thief is still at large.

Below The Wheel Two children, aged 7 and 12, drove 124 miles in their mum’s car before being stopped by police. The children, from Essen in Germany, said they wanted to visit their dad who was in Denmark. During the journey, the children even stopped to fill up the car with petrol. A passing driver, Magda Kreish, noticed the mysterious car racing along the motorway: ”I couldn’t see the driver very well because he was so small. But I could see the boy in the passenger seat who was helping to steer the car. I immediately alerted the police.” Thomas Albrauto from the traffic police said the 12-year-old was driving “quite professionally”.

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GLOSSARY an award n a prize or object they give you because you have done something well to sign vb to put your name on a formal document to bang vb to hit a fist n a closed hand - usually used for hitting a chest n the area on your upper body at the front a coffin n a box in which they put dead bodies to bury vb to put something in a hole in the ground a cape n a jacket (usually black) with no arms that you wear over your shoulders a performance n each time a theatre play is acted in front of an audience truth (really) is stranger than fiction exp an expression that means: sometimes things in real life are even more unusual than things in books, films, etc to decide that enough is enough exp to decide that a situation cannot continue a front lawn n the area of garden in front of a house a fit of rage n if you are in a “fit of rage”, you are really angry to smash vb to hit and destroy something usually glass a pet n an animal that lives with you in your house to turn up phr vb if something “turns up” at a place, it eventually arrives at that place proof n evidence of a crime to face vb if you “face” the possibility of something, that thing will probably happen to you at large exp if a criminal or animal is “at large”, it is still not in prison or in a cage mum n inform mother to fill up phr vb to fill completely to race along phr vb to move along a place very quickly to steer vb to control the direction the car goes

Generally speaking, if you “carry” something, you put it in your hands and take it somewhere: “She carried my bags up to the second floor.” Now let’s see some phrasal verbs with the verb “to carry”. Carry away (to get carried away) To become very enthusiastic and excited about something. This often causes you to behave in a silly way:

Carry off If you “carry something off”, you succeed in doing something difficult: It was a difficult bank robbery, but we carried it off really well.

Nice house! Yes, Frank designed it, but I think he got a bit carried away with the idea of an Egyptian theme.

Carry on To continue doing something:

Carry out (a job) To do (a job)

Hello? Mr Rabbit? I’m carrying out a survey on eating habits and I was wondering if I could talk to you for a minute or two. Carry on walking. There’s not much further to go - just about 20 kilometres.

Carry back If something “carries you back”, it reminds you of the past:

Carry up To physically take someone to a place that is higher than the one you are at:

The sight of all those bananas carries me back to my days in the jungle.

V.C.

It was so romantic - Mr Beast took me in his arms, carried me up to the bedroom and…

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PHRASALVERBS

PHRASALVERBS CARRY

Hot Staff Directors

ANSWERS

Answers & scripts NINE UNUSUAL WORLD RECORDS 2. She blew a bubble = she ble wa 3 READING II bubble.

3. They flew over the mountains = they fle wover the mountains. 4. He grew a centimetre last week = DESCRIBING A NEW JOB he gre wa centimetre last week. LISTENING II 5. I heard a funny story about you = 1. yes; 2. yes; 3. no; 4. No I hear da funny story Audio script about you. Derek: Hey, Zoe. How’s it going? 6. She burnt a dozen houses = she Zoe: All right, thanks. Bit busy. burn ta dozen houses. D: Of course, you’ve got a new job, 7. They drew a rude picture = they haven’t you? How’s it going? dre wa rude picture. Z: Oh, not too bad. You know 8. We smelt it = we smel tit. what it’s like when you start a new job – there are some good 9. They sent a letter = they sen ta letter. things and some bad things. 10.He knew a lot of people in the D: So, what is the job? party = he kne wa lo tof Z: I’m in sales. people in the party. D: Oh yeah. So, what do you sell? Z: Pet food. Mostly dog food but also some cat food and a little STORY TIME 1. The couple wrote notes to one fish food. another. D: Sounds interesting. So, what do 2. The woman had to go to an you actually do at work? important meeting the next day. Z: Well, I visit customers or talk to them on the phone. You know, 3. The punch-line is that the man didn’t wake up his wife, he just tell them about new products. wrote down on a piece of paper D: New dog biscuits, you mean? that it was seven o’clock so she Z: Yeah. missed the meeting. D: So, what’s it like? Z: Well, the salary’s quite good 19 USEFUL PHRASAL VERBS but there’s too much travel – FOR BUSINESS! you know, too much driving 1 GAP-FILL EXERCISE around. D: So, where are you going at the 1. step; 2. swallowing; 3. keep; 4. behind; 5. spell; 6. forward; moment? 7. cashed; 8. catch; 9. printed Z: Well, I’m visiting a few shops. 2 SENTENCE COMPLETION I’m trying to sell this new 1. carried; 2. taken; 3. catch; range of fish food. It’s called 4. call; 5. chase; 6. pull; 7. sort; Fun Food for Fat Fish. It’s a diet food for fish. I’m trying to 8. come; 9. back; 10. cashed convince shops in the area to stock it. CROSSWORD D: You’re joking. Z: No, I’m not. Anyway, I’d better be going. See you. D: Yeah. Drive carefully. [Zoe drives away] Fun Food for Fat Fish. What a joke!

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BUSINESS DIALOGUES THE UNIFORM PART II

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BRITISH BAR CHAT

1. The things they like are: they think the Simpsons is a cool reflection on life, it raises issues, it makes real points and it can be translated into any language. 2. The things they don’t like are: it’s trivial, it trivialises life, it’s superficial, it’s not convincing and the drawings are bad.

Barcelona office (Hot English) barcelona@learnhotenglish.com Seville office (Hot English) classes@learnhotenglish.com Editorial Department James Conway assistant editor Vanesa Carosia design Patrick Dempster writer Steve Brown writer Christine Saunders writer Louisa Staines writer Contributors Magnus Jones proof reading Marcie Peters proof reading Natalia Smith proof reading Laurent Guiard French depart. Peter Time proof reading Danielle Ott intern Georgina Brown intern Rayner Taylor intern Vanessa Simmonds writer Petra Bates writer Slim Pickens special intern Nick Hargreaves writer Printing

1. He leant against the wall = he lean tagainst the wall.

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Articles inside

In The News

Phrasal Verbs - Carry

Dictionary Of Slang

British Bar Chat

Weird World - War of the Worlds

Cartoon

Those Damn Yanks - Pop Idols

Idioms – Colours

Gianni Versace

Business Dialogues The Uniform Part I

Crossword

Trivia - International Customs

Listening: Describing A New Job

19 Useful Phrasal Verbs for

Fingers’ Pronunciation

Vocabulary - The Train

Story Time

Typical Dialogues - The Train Station

Playing Jokes