ɄɈɇɋɌɂɌɍɐɂɈɇɇɈȿ ɉɊȺȼɈ ȽɊȺɀȾȺɇɂɇȺ ɇȺ ɋɍȾȿȻɇɍɘ ɁȺɓɂɌɍ ɉɊȺȼ ɂ ɋȼɈȻɈȾ ɑȿɅɈȼȿɄȺ ȼ ɊɈɋɋɂɃɋɄɈɃ ɎȿȾȿɊȺɐɂɂ ȿɜɥɨɟɜɚ Ⱦɢɚɧɚ ɏɚɫɚɧɨɜɧɚ

ɄɈɇɋɌɂɌɍɐɂɈɇɇɈȿ ɉɊȺȼɈ ȽɊȺɀȾȺɇɂɇȺ ɇȺ ɋɍȾȿȻɇɍɘ ɁȺɓɂɌɍ ɉɊȺȼ ɂ ɋȼɈȻɈȾɑȿɅɈȼȿɄȺ ȼ ɊɈɋɋɂɃɋɄɈɃ ɎȿȾȿɊȺɐɂɂ

ȿɜɥɨɟɜɚ Ⱦɢɚɧɚ ɏɚɫɚɧɨɜɧɚ

ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬ, ɤɚɮɟɞɪɚ ɤɨɧɫɬɢɬɭɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ. ȼɫɟɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɢɣ Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɍɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬ ɘɫɬɢɰɢɢ (ɊɉȺ Ɇɢɧɸɫɬɚ ɊɎ), ɊɎ, ɝ. Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ

CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHT OF A CITIZEN THE JUDICIAL PROTECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS AND FREEDOMS IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

Diana Evloeva Student, Department of constitutional and international law, All-Russian State University of Justice (RPA of the Ministry of Justice of Russia), Russia, Moscow

ȺɇɇɈɌȺɐɂə

ȼ ɫɬɚɬɶɟ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɤɨɧɫɬɢɬɭɰɢɨɧɧɨɟ ɩɪɚɜɨ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɢɧɚ ɧɚ ɫɭɞɟɛɧɭɸ ɡɚɳɢɬɭ ɩɪɚɜ ɢ ɫɜɨɛɨɞ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ. ABSTRACT

The article considers the constitutional right of a citizen to judicial protection of human rights and freedoms in the Russian Federation.

Ʉɥɸɱɟɜɵɟ ɫɥɨɜɚ: Ʉɨɧɫɬɢɬɭɰɢɹ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ, ɫɭɞɟɛɧɚɹ ɡɚɳɢɬɚ, ɤɨɧɫɬɢɬɭɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɢ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɵ.

Keywords: Constitution of the Russian Federation, judicial protection, constitutional rights and freedoms.

ɋɭɞɟɛɧɚɹ ɡɚɳɢɬɚ ɡɚɧɢɦɚɟɬ ɜɟɞɭɳɟɟ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɜ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ-ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɦ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɟ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɚɜ ɢ ɫɜɨɛɨɞ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɢ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɢɧɚ. ɉɪɚɜɨ ɧɚ ɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɟ ɡɚ ɫɭɞɟɛɧɨɣ ɡɚɳɢɬɨɣ - ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɧɚɹ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɦ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɛɪɚɬɢɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɫɭɞ ɡɚ ɡɚɳɢɬɨɣ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɧɵɯ ɢɥɢ ɨɫɩɚɪɢɜɚɟɦɵɯ ɩɪɚɜ, ɫɜɨɛɨɞ ɢɥɢ ɡɚɤɨɧɧɵɯ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɜ. ɘɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɚ ɤɨɧɫɬɢɬɭɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɢ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɢɧɚ ɧɚ ɫɭɞɟɛɧɭɸ ɡɚɳɢɬɭ ɜɵɪɚɠɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɨɛɴɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɢ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɢ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɩɪɚɜ. Ɉɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɤɨɧɫɬɢɬɭɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɧɨɪɦɚɯ, ɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɹɯ, ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɚɯ, ɚ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɜ ɫɜɨɸ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ, ɩɪɨɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɟ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɩɪɟɤɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɥɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɷɬɢɦ ɩɪɚɜɨɦ ɟɝɨ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɚɦɢ. ɇɟɨɬɴɟɦɥɟɦɨɣ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɟɣ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɤɨɧɫɬɢɬɭɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɧɚ ɫɭɞɟɛɧɭɸ ɡɚɳɢɬɭ ɩɪɚɜ ɢ ɫɜɨɛɨɞ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɚɜɨɫɭɞɢɟ. Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɟ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ ɧɟ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɹ ɩɪɚɜɨɫɭɞɢɟ, ɨɞɧɚɤɨ, ɩɪɨɚɧɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɜ ɧɨɪɦɵ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ, ɦɨɠɧɨ ɫɞɟɥɚɬɶ ɜɵɜɨɞ, ɱɬɨ ɩɨɞ ɩɪɚɜɨɫɭɞɢɟɦ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɭɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɭɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɫɭɞɟɛɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ. ɉɨɞ ɩɪɚɜɨɫɭɞɢɟɦ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɫɨɛɵɣ ɜɢɞ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ, ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɣ ɧɚ ɪɚɡɪɟɲɟɧɢɟ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɤɨɧɮɥɢɤɬɨɜ ɡɚ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɢɥɢ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɚɝɚɟɦɵɟ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɹ ɧɨɪɦ ɩɪɚɜɚ. Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɚɹ ɡɚɞɚɱɚ ɫɭɞɟɛɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ - ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɟ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɹɦ ɤɨɧɫɬɢɬɭɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɚɜ ɢ ɫɜɨɛɨɞ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɢ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɢɧɚ. Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨ ɜɵɫɬɭɩɚɟɬ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɝɚɪɚɧɬɚ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɩɪɚɜ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧ ɢ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪɚ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ. Ƚɚɪɚɧɬɢɹ ɫɭɞɟɛɧɨɣ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɨɡɧɚɱɚɟɬ, ɱɬɨ ɩɪɚɜɨɫɭɞɢɟ ɜ ɫɜɨɟɣ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ, ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɣ ɢ ɢɞɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨ ɡɚɳɢɬɢɬɶ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɢ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɵ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧ. Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ, ɩɪɚɜɨɫɭɞɢɟ ɫɥɭɠɢɬ ɢ ɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɟɣ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɧɚ ɫɭɞɟɛɧɭɸ ɡɚɳɢɬɭ ɢ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɟɝɨ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ. ɇɨ ɫɬɨɢɬ ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɬɶ, ɱɬɨ ɡɚɳɢɬɚ ɫɭɞɨɦ ɩɪɚɜ ɢ ɫɜɨɛɨɞ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ, ɟɫɥɢ ɫɭɞ, ɤɚɤ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɨɪɝɚɧ, ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ, ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɞɥɹ ɧɟɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɦ, ɧɟ ɡɚɦɟɧɹɹ ɞɪɭɝɢɟ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɵ ɢ ɧɟ ɜɬɨɪɝɚɹɫɶ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɭ ɢɯ ɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɢɣ. ȼ ɬɨ ɠɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɩɪɟɩɹɬɫɬɜɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɨɫɧɨɜɨɩɨɥɚɝɚɸɳɢɯ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɧɟɢɡɛɟɠɧɨ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɢɜɚɸɬ ɞɨɫɬɭɩ ɤɚɠɞɨɝɨ ɤ ɩɪɚɜɨɫɭɞɢɸ ɢ ɟɝɨ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ. ɉɪɢɱɢɧɚɦɢ, ɦɟɲɚɸɳɢɦɢ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɚ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɚ ɤ ɩɪɚɜɨɫɭɞɢɸ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɜɵɞɟɥɢɬɶ: ɧɟɪɚɡɜɢɬɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɩɟɪɟɝɪɭɠɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɭɞɨɜ, ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɤɜɚɥɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɫɭɞɟɣ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɨɟ. ȼ ɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɢ ɱɟɝɨ, ɜɵɲɟɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɢ ɢɧɵɟ ɩɪɟɩɹɬɫɬɜɢɹ ɧɟɫɭɬ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɹ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɭɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɪɨɤɨɜ. ɋɭɞɟɛɧɚɹ ɡɚɳɢɬɚ ɩɪɚɜ ɢ ɫɜɨɛɨɞ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɢ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɢɧɚ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɟɣ. ȼ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ, ɫɬɚɬɶɹ 18 Ʉɨɧɫɬɢɬɭɰɢɢ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɹɟɬ ɱɬɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɢ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɵ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɢ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɢɧɚ ɨɛɴɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɜɵɫɲɟɣ ɰɟɧɧɨɫɬɶɸ, ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɟɦɨɣ ɩɪɚɜɨɫɭɞɢɟɦ, ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ Ʉɨɧɫɬɢɬɭɰɢɹ ɜɨɡɥɚɝɚɟɬ ɧɚ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨ ɨɛɹɡɚɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɜɚɬɶ, ɫɨɛɥɸɞɚɬɶ ɢ ɡɚɳɢɳɚɬɶ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɢ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɵ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɢ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɢɧɚ. [1, ɫɬ. 18] ȼɨɩɥɨɳɟɧɢɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɧɨɪɦ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɢ ɫɭɞɟɛɧɨɣ ɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɣ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ.

Ɍɨ ɟɫɬɶ, ɤɚɠɞɵɣ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɩɪɚɜɨ ɨɬɫɬɚɢɜɚɬɶ ɫɜɨɢ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɵ ɜɫɟɦɢ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɚɦɢ, ɧɟ ɡɚɩɪɟɳɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɦ, ɨɛɠɚɥɨɜɚɬɶ ɜ ɫɭɞ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ (ɛɟɡɞɟɣ-

ɫɬɜɢɟ) ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ, ɦɟɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɫɚɦɨɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ, ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɛɴɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɣ ɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɨɫɬɧɵɯ ɥɢɰ, ɨɛɪɚɳɚɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɦɟɠɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɵ. ɉɪɚɜɨ ɧɚ ɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɦɟɠɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɵ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɚɝɚɟɬ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɧɢɟ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɣ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɯ ɫɭɞɨɜ ɩɨ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɵɦ ɞɟɥɚɦ. Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɦɟɠɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɫɭɞɟɛɧɵɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɵ, ɤɚɤ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɨ, ɜɨɡɧɢɤɚɟɬ ɭ ɥɢɰ, ɩɪɚɜɚ ɢ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɵ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɵ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ. ɉɪɚɜɨ ɧɚ ɫɭɞɟɛɧɭɸ ɡɚɳɢɬɭ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬɫɹ ɜɨ ɜɫɟɯ ɜɢɞɚɯ ɫɭɞɨɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ: ɤɨɧɫɬɢɬɭɰɢɨɧɧɨɦ, ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɨɦ, ɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɦ ɢ ɭɝɨɥɨɜɧɨɦ. [2, ɫ. 60] ȼɫɟ ɨɧɢ ɜ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɚɯ ɫɜɨɢɯ ɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɢɣ ɩɪɢɡɜɚɧɵ ɡɚɳɢɳɚɬɶ ɡɚɤɨɧɧɵɟ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɢ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɵ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɢ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɢɧɚ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɸ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɪɚɡɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɚ. Ȼɨɥɶɲɢɧɫɬɜɨ ɞɟɥ, ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɧɵɯ Ʉɨɧɫɬɢɬɭɰɢɨɧɧɵɦ ɋɭɞɨɦ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ, ɫɜɹɡɚɧɨ ɫ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɟɣ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɧɚ ɫɭɞɟɛɧɭɸ ɡɚɳɢɬɭ. ɉɪɚɤɬɢɤɚ ɤɨɧɫɬɢɬɭɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɨɫɭɞɢɹ ɫɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɥɚ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɵ ɤ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɸ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɣ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɧɚ ɫɭɞɟɛɧɭɸ ɡɚɳɢɬɭ. Ⱥ ɢɦɟɧɧɨ: ɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɚɜɨɫɭɞɢɹ, ɫɨɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɚɜɢɥ ɨ ɩɨɞɫɭɞɧɨɫɬɢ, ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɫɨɫɬɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɪɚɜɧɨɩɪɚɜɢɹ ɫɬɨɪɨɧ, ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɨ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɢɫɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɫɭɞɟɛɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɦɧɨɝɨɟ ɞɪɭɝɨɟ. ɋɬɨɢɬ ɨɬɦɟɬɢɬɶ, ɫɭɞɨɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɩɨ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɢɦ ɞɟɥɚɦ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɭɞɚɦɢ ɨɛɳɟɣ ɸɪɢɫɞɢɤɰɢɢ ɢ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɚɪɛɢɬɪɚɠɧɵɦɢ ɫɭɞɚɦɢ. ɋɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɫɭɞɨɜ ɨɛɳɟɣ ɸɪɢɫɞɢɤɰɢɢ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɟɬ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɫɭɞɵ ɨɛɳɟɣ ɸɪɢɫɞɢɤɰɢɢ ɢ ɦɢɪɨɜɵɯ ɫɭɞɟɣ. ȼ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɭɞɨɜ ɨɛɳɟɣ ɸɪɢɫɞɢɤɰɢɢ ɜɯɨɞɹɬ: ȼɟɪɯɨɜɧɵɣ ɋɭɞ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ, ɜɟɪɯɨɜɧɵɟ ɫɭɞɵ ɪɟɫɩɭɛɥɢɤ, ɤɪɚɟɜɵɟ ɢ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɧɵɟ ɫɭɞɵ, ɫɭɞɵ ɝɨɪɨɞɨɜ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ, ɫɭɞɵ ɚɜɬɨɧɨɦɧɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɢ ɚɜɬɨɧɨɦɧɵɯ ɨɤɪɭɝɨɜ, ɪɚɣɨɧɧɵɟ ɢ ɜɨɟɧɧɵɟ ɫɭɞɵ. Ɇɢɪɨɜɵɟ ɫɭɞɵ ɜ ɫɜɨɸ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɫɭɞɚɦɢ ɨɛɳɟɣ ɸɪɢɫɞɢɤɰɢɢ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ. Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɹ. ɉɪɚɜɨ ɧɚ ɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɭɞ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɨ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɪɢ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɢ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ, ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɢɦ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɭɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨɦ.

Ⱥ ɢɦɟɧɧɨ ɩɪɢ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɢ: ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɪɚɜɨɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɢ ɢɫɬɰɚ, ɩɨɞɫɭɞɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɞɜɟɞɨɦɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɟɥɚ ɞɚɧɧɨɦɭ ɫɭɞɭ, ɧɚɥɢɱɢɢ ɭ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɹ ɢɫɬɰɚ ɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɢɣ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɵɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɟ ɢɫɤɨɜɨɟ ɡɚɹɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɭɩɥɚɬɚ ɜ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɹɯ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣɩɨɲɥɢɧɵ.

Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ, ɫɬɨɢɬ ɨɬɦɟɬɢɬɶ, ɱɬɨ ɩɪɢ ɩɨɦɨɳɢ ɚɤɬɨɜ Ʉɨɧɫɬɢɬɭɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɭɞɚ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɦ ɫɨɡɧɚɧɢɢ ɢ ɩɪɚɜɨɩɪɢɦɟɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɟ ɫɬɚɥɢ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɰɟɧɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɵ, ɬɚɤɢɟ ɤɚɤ: ɭɜɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɞɨɫɬɨɢɧɫɬɜɚ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɨ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹɯ ɫ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨɦ, ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɥɚ ɩɪɢ ɬɨɥɤɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɡɚɤɨɧɚ, ɫɨɪɚɡɦɟɪɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɚɜ ɢ ɦɧɨɝɨɟ ɞɪɭɝɨɟ.

Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ, ɧɟɫɦɨɬɪɹ ɧɚ ɬɨ, ɱɬɨ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɤɨɧɫɬɢɬɭɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧ ɧɚ ɫɭɞɟɛɧɭɸ ɡɚɳɢɬɭ ɧɟ ɫɛɚɥɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧ ɢ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɦɧɨɠɟɫɬɜɨ ɩɪɨɛɟɥɨɜ, ɫɭɞɟɛɧɵɣ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ, ɧɚ ɫɟɝɨɞɧɹɲɧɢɣ ɞɟɧɶ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɧɵɦ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɦ ɢ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɚɜ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧ.

ɋɩɢɫɨɤ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ:

1. Ʉɨɧɫɬɢɬɭɰɢɹ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ (ɩɪɢɧɹɬɚ ɜɫɟɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɦ ɝɨɥɨɫɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ 12.12.1993 ɫ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹɦɢ, ɨɞɨɛɪɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɜ ɯɨɞɟ ɨɛɳɟɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɝɨɥɨɫɨɜɚɧɢɹ 01.07.2020)// Ɉɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɬɟɤɫɬ Ʉɨɧɫɬɢɬɭɰɢɢ ɊɎ ɫ ɜɧɟɫɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɩɨɩɪɚɜɤɚɦɢ ɨɬ 14.03.2020 ɨɩɭɛɥɢɤɨɜɚɧ ɧɚ Ɉɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɢɧɬɟɪɧɟɬ-ɩɨɪɬɚɥɟ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ http://www.pravo.gov.ru, 04.07.2020. 2. Ƚɭɫɟɜɚ Ⱥ.Ʌ. Ɇɟɯɚɧɢɡɦ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɤɨɧɫɬɢɬɭɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɚɜ ɢ ɫɜɨɛɨɞ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɢ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɢɧɚ ɜ ɊɎ: ɤ ɩɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ / Ⱥ.Ʌ. Ƚɭɫɟɜɚ // ɂɫɬɨɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ, ɮɢɥɨɫɨɮɫɤɢɟ, ɩɨɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɢ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɧɚɭɤɢ, ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɢ ɢɫɤɭɫɫɬɜɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ. ȼɨɩɪɨɫɵ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɢ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɢ. — 2010. —№ 1. —ɋ. 60-62.