ɋɈȾȿɊɀȺɇɂȿ ɂ ɉɊȿɈȻɊȺɁɈȼȺɇɂȿ ɎɈɋɎɈɊȺ ȼ ɉɈɑȼȺɏ ɑȿɊɇɈɁȿɆɖə Ɇɚɰɧɟɜ ɂɝɨɪɶ ɇɢɤɨɥɚɟɜɢɱ Ɇɚɰɧɟɜ ɇɢɤɢɬɚ ɂɝɨɪɟɜɢɱ

ɋɈȾȿɊɀȺɇɂȿ ɂ ɉɊȿɈȻɊȺɁɈȼȺɇɂȿ ɎɈɋɎɈɊȺ ȼ ɉɈɑȼȺɏ ɑȿɊɇɈɁȿɆɖə

Ɇɚɰɧɟɜ ɂɝɨɪɶ ɇɢɤɨɥɚɟɜɢɱ

ɤɚɧɞ. ɫ.-ɯ. ɧɚɭɤ, ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɨɪ Ɇɢɱɭɪɢɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɚɝɪɚɪɧɨɝɨ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬɚ, ɊɎ, ɝ. Ɇɢɱɭɪɢɧɫɤ

Ɇɚɰɧɟɜ ɇɢɤɢɬɚ ɂɝɨɪɟɜɢɱ

ɛɚɤɚɥɚɜɪ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ 35.03.03 Ⱥɝɪɨɯɢɦɢɹ ɢ ɚɝɪɨɩɨɱɜɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ Ɇɢɱɭɪɢɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɚɝɪɚɪɧɨɝɨ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬɚ, ɊɎ, ɝ. Ɇɢɱɭɪɢɧɫɤ

THE MAINTENANCE AND TRANSFORMATION OF PHOSPHORUS IN SOILS OF THE CENTRAL CHERNOZEM REGION

Igor Matsnev candidate of agricultural Sciences, professor of Michurinsk state agrarian University, Russia, Michurinsk

Nikita Matsnev bachelor of science 35.03.03 Agrochemistry and agro soil science Michurinsky state agrarian University, Russia, Michurinsk

ȺɇɇɈɌȺɐɂə

ɂɡɭɱɟɧɵ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɵ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɬɪɚɧɫɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɮɨɫɮɨɪɚ ɜ ɩɨɱɜɚɯ ɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɨ-ɱɟɪɧɨɡɟɦɧɨɣ ɡɨɧɵ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɪɨɰɟɫ ɩɪɟɯɨɞɚ ɮɨɫɮɨɪɚ ɜ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɮɨɪɦɵ ɩɪɢ ɜɧɟɫɟɧɢɢ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɮɨɫɮɨɪɧɵɯ ɭɞɨɛɪɟɧɢɣ. ABSTRACT

The issues of phosphorus content and transformation in the soils of the Central Chernozem zone, as well as the process of transition of phosphorus into various forms when applying basic phosphorus fertilizers, were studied.

Ʉɥɸɱɟɜɵɟ ɫɥɨɜɚ: ɮɨɫɮɨɪɧɵɟ ɭɞɨɛɪɟɧɢɹ, ɩɪɟɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɮɨɫɮɨɪɚ ɜ ɩɨɱɜɟ, ɜɵɳɟɥɨɱɟɧɧɵɣ ɱɟɪɧɨɡɟɦ.

Keywords: phosphorus fertilizers, phosphorus transformations in soil, leached ɫhernozem.

ȼ ɩɨɱɜɚɯ ɩɨ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸ ɫ ɡɟɦɧɨɣ ɤɨɪɨɣ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɧɟ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɟ, ɚ ɧɚɤɨɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɭɝɥɟɪɨɞɚ, ɚɡɨɬɚ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ. ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɨ, ɱɬɨ ɩɨɞ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟɦ ɠɢɡɧɟɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɠɢɜɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɨɜ (ɩɪɟɠɞɟ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɪɚɫɬɟɧɢɣ), ɜ ɩɨɱɜɟ ɩɨ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸ ɫ ɡɟɦɧɨɣ ɤɨɪɨɣ, ɬɨ ɟɫɬɶ ɫ ɜɟɪɯɧɢɦɢ ɫɥɨɹɦɢ ɥɢɬɨɫɮɟɪɵ, ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɭɝɥɟɪɨɞɚ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɥɨɫɶ ɜ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɦ ɜ 20 ɪɚɡ, ɚɡɨɬɚ –ɜ ɞɟɫɹɬɶ ɪɚɡ [3]. ɋɪɟɞɢ ɧɚɤɚɩɥɢɜɚɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɨɬɦɟɬɢɬɶ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞ, ɜɨɞɨɪɨɞ, ɤɚɥɢɣ, ɫɟɪɚ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɟ. ɗɬɨ ɤɚɤ ɪɚɡ ɬɟ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɬ ɫɜɨɢɦ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟɦ ɩɥɨɞɨɪɨɞɢɟ ɩɨɱɜɵ. ȼ ɬɨ ɠɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɧɚɤɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɮɨɫɮɨɪɚ ɜ ɡɟɦɧɨɣ ɤɨɪɟ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɧɟɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɟɧ, ɩɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɚ ɮɨɫɮɨɪɚ ɜ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɦ ɡɟɦɥɟɞɟɥɢɢ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜɟɫɶɦɚ ɨɫɬɪɨɣ, ɤ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɶɫɹ ɫ ɨɫɨɛɵɦ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟɦ. ȼ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɯ ȼ.Ⱦ. ɉɚɧɧɢɤɨɜɚ ɨɬɦɟɱɟɧɨ, ɱɬɨ «ɮɨɫɮɨɪ –ɨɫɧɨɜɚ ɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɨɫɬɢ ɡɟɦɥɟɞɟɥɢɹ ɜɨ ɜɫɟɯ ɡɨɧɚɯ» [8]. ɂɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɚɤɚɞɟɦɢɤɚ Ⱥ.ɉ. ȼɢɧɨɝɪɚɞɨɜɚ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɥɢ, ɱɬɨ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɚɹ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɦɟɪɧɨɫɬɶ ɜ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɢ ɮɨɫɮɨɪɚ ɜ ɝɨɪɧɵɯ ɩɨɪɨɞɚɯ ɫ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɦɢ ɨɬɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɨɬ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɡɟɦɧɨɣ ɤɨɪɟ –0,12 %. Ɍɚɤ, ɜ ɨɫɚɞɨɱɧɵɯ ɝɨɪɧɵɯ ɩɨɪɨɞɚɯ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬɫɹ ɦɧɨɝɨ ɮɨɫɮɨɪɚ –ɞɨ 0,77 %, ɜ ɫɪɟɞɧɢɯ –0,16 %, ɜ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ 0,14 %, ɜ ɭɥɶɬɪɚɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ – 0,12 %. ȿɫɬɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɮɨɫɮɨɪɚ ɜ ɩɨɱɜɚɯ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɨɬ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɚ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɧɫɤɢɯ ɩɨɪɨɞ, ɨɬ ɢɯ ɝɟɧɟɡɢɫɚ, ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ, ɦɢɧɟɪɚɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɢ ɝɪɚɧɭɥɨɦɟɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɚ. ɇɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɝɪɚɧɢɬɵ, ɝɧɟɣɫɵ ɢ ɫɢɨɧɢɬɵ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬ ɦɚɥɨ ɮɨɫɮɨɪɚ (ɫɨɬɵɟ ɞɨɥɢ ɩɪɨɰɟɧɬɚ), ɛɚɡɚɥɶɬɵ - ɞɨ 0,5 %, ɩɟɫɤɢ - 0,01 –0,02 %, ɝɥɢɧɵ - 0,1 – 0,3 % [3]. ɉɨɝɥɨɳɟɧɢɟ ɮɨɫɮɨɪɧɨɣ ɤɢɫɥɨɬɵ ɨɛɴɹɫɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɟё ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɵɜɚɬɶ ɬɪɭɞɧɨɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɢɦɵɟ ɮɨɫɮɚɬɵ ɤɚɥɶɰɢɹ, ɠɟɥɟɡɚ ɢ ɚɥɸɦɢɧɢɹ. ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɜ ɧɟɣɬɪɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɨɱɜɚɯ ɩɪɟɨɛɥɚɞɚɸɬ ɩɟɪɜɵɟ, ɚ ɜ ɞɟɪɧɨɜɨ-ɩɨɞɡɨɥɢɫɬɵɯ ɢ ɤɪɚɫɧɨɡɟɦɚɯ - ɮɨɫɮɚɬɵ Al ɢ Fɟ. Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ, ɮɨɫɮɨɪ ɩɨɝɥɨɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɦɢɤɪɨɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɚɦɢ ɩɨɱɜɵ, ɪɚɫɬɟɧɢɹɦɢ, ɨɪɝɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɝɭɦɭɫɚ –ɷɬɨ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɩɨɝɥɨɳɟɧɢɟ, ɩɨ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸ ɫ ɦɢɧɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɨɧɨ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɦɟɧɶɲɟɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ - ɜ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɚɯ ɞɨ 50ɤɝ/ɝɚ (ɫɱɢɬɚɹ ɢ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɵɟ ɪɚɫɬɟɧɢɹ), ɱɬɨ ɜ ɩɟɪɟɫɱɟɬɟ ɧɚ 100 ɝ ɩɨɱɜɵ ɞɚɟɬ <2,0 ɦɝ [7].

Ɂɚɩɚɫɵ ɮɨɫɮɨɪɚ ɜ ɩɨɱɜɟ ɢ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɧɫɤɢɯ ɩɨɪɨɞɚɯ ɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜɧɟɫɟɧɢɟɦ ɭɞɨɛɪɟɧɢɣ, ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɜ ɧɟɬ, ɟɫɥɢ ɧɟ ɫɱɢɬɚɬɶ ɦɢɡɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɩɪɢɧɨɫɢɦɨɝɨ ɫ ɩɵɥɶɸ, ɤ ɬɨɦɭ ɠɟ ɤɨɦɩɟɧɫɢɪɭɟɦɵɯ ɜɵɧɨɫɚɦ ɬɨɝɨ ɠɟ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɝɪɭɧɬɨɜɵɦɢ ɜɨɞɚɦɢ. ɉɨɞɱɟɪɤɢɜɚɹ ɷɬɨ ɨɬɥɢɱɢɟ ɮɨɫɮɨɪɚ, Ⱦ.ɇ. ɉɪɹɧɢɲɧɢɤɨɜ ɩɢɫɚɥ: «Ȼɨɥɟɟ ɬɨɝɨ, ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɶ ɜ ɮɨɫɮɨɪɟ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɛɳɟɣ ɞɥɹ ɛɨɥɶɲɟɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɩɨɱɜ ɤɚɤ ɩɨɞɡɨɥɢɫɬɨɣ, ɬɚɤ ɢ ɱɟɪɧɨɡɟɦɧɨɣ ɩɨɥɨɫɵ, ɞɥɹ ɫɟɪɨɡɟɦɨɜ ɢ ɥɚɬɟɪɢɬɧɵɯ ɩɨɱɜ ɜɥɚɠɧɵɯ ɫɭɛɬɪɨɩɢɤɨɜ, ɜ ɬɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɤɚɤ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɶ ɜ ɚɡɨɬɟ ɢ ɤɚɥɢɢ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɩɨɱɜ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɜɟɫɶɦɚ ɧɟ ɨɞɢɧɚɤɨɜɨɣ» [9].

Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɦ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɦ ɮɨɫɮɨɪɚ ɜ ɩɨɱɜɚɯ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɮɨɫɮɨɪ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɧɫɤɢɯ ɩɨɪɨɞ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɥɢɫɶ ɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɜɵɜɟɬɪɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɝɨɪɧɵɯ ɩɨɪɨɞ ɢ ɦɢɧɟɪɚɥɨɜ, ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɚɩɚɬɢɬɨɜ. ȼ ɡɟɦɧɨɣ ɤɨɪɟ

(ɜɟɪɯɧɢɣ ɫɥɨɣ ɝɨɪɧɵɯ ɩɨɪɨɞ ɢ ɦɢɧɟɪɚɥɨɜ ɞɨ 6 ɦ) ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɦ 0,12% ɮɨɫɮɨɪɚ ɨɬ ɨɛɳɟɣ ɦɚɫɫɵ, ɜ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɧɫɤɢɯ ɩɨɪɨɞɚɯ - 0,08% [2]. ɉ.Ƚ. Ⱥɞɟɪɢɯɢɧ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɥ ɜ ɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɩɨɪɨɞɚɯ ɩɨɱɜ ɐɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɑɟɪɧɨɡɟɦɶɹ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɟ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɮɨɫɮɨɪɚ: ɱɟɬɜɟɪɬɢɱɧɵɟ ɝɥɢɧɵ ɢ ɫɭɝɥɢɧɤɢ - ɜ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɦ 0,08% (ɨɬ 0,06 ɞɨ 0,15), ɥɟɫɫɨɜɢɞɧɵɟ ɝɥɢɧɵ –0,07% (ɨɬ 0,06 ɞɨ 0,10%), ɩɟɫɤɢ – 0,01% - 0,03%. ȼ ɩɨɱɜɟ ɮɨɫɮɨɪɚ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬɫɹ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɧɨ 0,20%, ɢɧɨɝɞɚ ɞɨ 0,30%. ɗɬɨ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬ ɛɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɩɟɪɟɧɨɫɚ ɮɨɫɮɨɪɚ ɢɡ ɩɨɞɫɬɢɥɚɸɳɢɯ ɩɨɪɨɞ ɤɨɪɧɟɜɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɨɣ ɜ ɥɢɫɬɶɹ ɢ ɫɬɟɛɥɢ ɪɚɫɬɟɧɢɣ, ɢ, ɜ ɤɨɧɟɱɧɨɦ ɫɱɟɬɟ, ɜ ɩɨɱɜɭ, ɭ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɧɚ ɞɨɥɸ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɮɨɫɮɚɬɨɜ ɩɪɢɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɨɬ 40% ɞɨ 50% ɨɛɳɟɝɨ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɹ [1]. ɋɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɨɛɳɟɝɨ ɮɨɫɮɨɪɚ ɜ ɩɨɱɜɟ ɧɟ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɟɦ ɟɟ ɩɥɨɞɨɪɨɞɢɹ. ȼɚɠɧɨ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɩɨɞɜɢɠɧɨɝɨ ɮɨɫɮɨɪɚ, ɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɬɟɧɢɹɦ, ɯɨɪɨɲɨ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɢɦɨɝɨ ɜ ɜɨɞɟ ɢɥɢ ɫɥɚɛɵɯ ɤɢɫɥɨɬɚɯ. Ɋɚɫɬɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɝɥɨɳɚɸɬ ɮɨɫɮɨɪ ɢɡ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɚ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɢɨɧɨɜ ɇ 2 ɊɈ 3 - , ɇɊɈ 3 -- , ɊɈ 3 --- , ɚ ɜ ɧɟɛɨɥɶɲɨɦ ɨɛɴɟɦɟ - ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɮɨɫɮɚɬ-ɢɨɧɨɜ [5]. ȿɫɥɢ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɬɶ ɩɨɱɜɵ ɧɚɲɟɣ ɥɟɫɨɫɬɟɩɧɨɣ ɡɨɧɵ, ɬɨ ɨɩɬɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɜ ɧɢɯ ɩɨɞɜɢɠɧɨɝɨ ɮɨɫɮɨɪɚ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ 180-200 ɦɝ/1ɤɝ ɩɨɱɜɵ (ɬ.ɟ. 18-20 ɋɪɨɤɢ ɨɩɵɬɚ ɢ 1 ɝɪɭɩɩɚ - ɜɨɞɚ

ɝɪɭɩɩɵ

ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬɵ ɞɧɟɣ ɦɟɫɹɰɟɜ ɨɩɵɬɚ 10 1 3 12 ɉɨɱɜɚ 0,19 0,17 0,12 0,48 ɋɭɩɟɪɮɨɫɮɚɬ –20 ɦɝ 4,11 2,65 1,19 0,59 Ɉɛɟɫɮɬɨɪɟɧɧɵɣ ɮɨɫɮɚɬ –20 ɦɝ 1,96 1,05 0,59 0,51 Ɏɨɫɮɨɪɢɬɧɚɹ ɦɭɤɚ –40 ɦɝ 0,28 0,25 0,23 0,26 ɉɟɪɜɚɹ ɝɪɭɩɩɚ ɮɨɫɮɚɬɨɜ ɧɚɲɟɝɨ ɨɩɵɬɚ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɚ ɳɟɥɨɱɧɵɦɢ ɫɨɥɹɦɢ ɨɪɬɨɮɨɫɮɨɪɧɨɣ ɤɢɫɥɨɬɵ (ɯɨɪɨɲɨ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɢɦɵɦɢ ɜ ɜɨɞɟ). ȼ ɩɨɱɜɟ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɮɨɫɮɚɬɨɜ ɜɫɟɝɨ 0,2 ɦɝ/100ɝ ɩɨɱɜɵ (ɢɥɢ 6 ɤɝ ɧɚ 1 ɝɟɤɬɚɪ). ȼ ɟɫɬɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɨɧɢ ɨɛɧɚɪɭɠɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜɨ ɜɥɚɠɧɨɣ ɩɨɱɜɟ. ɑɟɪɟɡ 10 ɞɧɟɣ ɜ ɤɨɦɩɨɫɬɚɯ ɫ ɫɭɩɟɪɮɨɫɮɚɬɨɦ ɢɡ 20ɦɝ/100ɝ ɩɨɱɜɵ ɢɡɜɥɟɱɟɧɨ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɨɤɨɥɨ 4 ɦɝ (20%) ɮɨɫɮɨɪɧɨɣ ɤɢɫɥɨɬɵ. ɋɭɩɟɪɮɨɫɮɬɚɬ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ ɜɨɞɨɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɢɦɵɣ ɮɨɫɮɨɪ –ɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ, ɭɠɟ ɡɚ 10 ɞɧɟɣ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɨɝɥɨɳɟɧɨ 80% Ɋ 2 Ɉ 5 , ɬ.ɟ. ɱɟɪɟɡ ɝɨɞ ɩɨɝɥɨɬɢɬɫɹ ɩɨɱɬɢ ɜɟɫɶ ɮɨɫɮɨɪ. Ɉɛɟɫɮɬɨɪɟɧɧɵɣ ɮɨɫɮɚɬ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜɨɞɨɧɟɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɢɦɵɦ ɭɞɨɛɪɟɧɢɟɦ, ɧɨ ɜ ɤɨɦɩɨɫɬɚɯ ɨɛɧɚɪɭɠɢɥɨɫɶ ɨɤɨɥɨ 2 ɦɝ/100ɝ ɩɨɱɜɵ. ɗɬɨ ɨɛɴɹɫɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɬɟɦ, ɱɬɨ ɩɪɢ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɣ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɟ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ ɭɞɨɛɪɟɧɢɣ (>1450 Ɉ ɋ) ɚɩɚɬɢɬ ɱɚɫɬɢɱɧɨ ɪɚɡɪɭɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɳɟɥɨɱɧɵɯ ɮɨɫɮɚɬɨɜ, ɚ ɨɧɢ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɢɦɵ ɜ ɜɨɞɟ.

Ⱦɨɫɬɭɩɧɵɦɢ ɪɚɫɬɟɧɢɹɦ ɫɱɢɬɚɸɬɫɹ ɮɨɫɮɚɬɵ 2-ɣ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ –ɤɢɫɥɵɟ ɫɨɥɢ ɋɚ ɢ Ɇg ɢ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ (ɬɪɟɯɡɚɦɟɳɟɧɧɵɯ) ɮɨɫɮɚɬɨɜ ɤɚɥɶɰɢɹ. ɂɡ ɤɨɦɩɨɫɬɚ ɫ ɫɭɩɟɪɮɨɫɮɚɬɨɦ ɢɡɜɥɟɱɟɧɨ 15,8 ɦɝ, ɢɡ ɩɨɱɜɵ –4,9ɦɝ, ɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ, ɢɡ ɭɞɨɛɪɟɧɢɹ ɢɡɜɥɟɤɚɥɨɫɶ –10,9 ɦɝ, ɱɟɪɟɡ 1 ɦɟɫɹɰ –9,2 ɦɝ, ɞɚɥɟɟ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ. Ɇɨɠɧɨ ɫɱɢɬɚɬɶ, ɱɬɨ 50% Ɋ 2 Ɉ 5 ɫɭɩɟɪɮɨɫɮɚɦɝ/100ɝ). ɇɢɡɤɨɟ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɮɨɫɮɨɪɚ ɜ ɩɨɱɜɟ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɨ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɫ ɩɥɨɯɨɣ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɢɦɨɫɬɶɸ, ɧɨ ɢ ɫ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɱɧɵɦ ɩɨɝɥɨɳɟɧɢɟɦ ɩɨɱɜɨɣ. Ʉɚɤ ɛɵɥɨ ɜɵɲɟ ɨɬɦɟɱɟɧɨ, ɮɨɫɮɨɪɧɚɹ ɤɢɫɥɨɬɚ ɜ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɯ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɚɯ ɩɨɝɥɨɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɱɜɨɣ. ȼ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ ɷɬɢɦ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɹ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɹ ɧɚ 1 ɦɝ/100ɝ ɩɨɱɜɵ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬɫɹ ɫɜɟɪɯ ɜɵɧɨɫɚ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɨɣ ɜɧɟɫɬɢ ɨɬ 70 ɞɨ 100 ɤɝ Ɋ 2 Ɉ 5 [2,4].

Ɂɧɚɧɢɟ ɮɨɪɦ ɮɨɫɮɨɪɚ ɜ ɩɨɱɜɟ, ɝɪɭɩɩɨɜɨɝɨ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɚ ɮɨɫɮɚɬɨɜ ɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɭɞɨɛɪɟɧɢɣ –ɨɞɧɨ ɢɡ ɜɚɠɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɢɯ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ. ɉɪɟɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɟ ɮɨɫɮɨɪɚ ɜ ɩɨɱɜɟ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɢ ɨɬ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜ ɩɨɱɜɵ, ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ, ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɧɚɫɵɳɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɹɦɢ, ɭɜɥɚɠɧɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ, ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɢ ɞɪ [6]. ȼ ɧɚɲɟɦ ɥɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɧɨɦ ɨɩɵɬɟ ɢɡɭɱɚɥɨɫɶ ɩɪɟɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɟ ɮɨɫɮɨɪɚ ɫɭɩɟɪɮɨɫɮɚɬɚ, ɨɛɟɫɮɬɨɪɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɮɨɫɮɚɬɚ, ɮɨɫɮɨɪɢɬɧɨɣ ɦɭɤɢ ɜ ɱɟɪɧɨɡɟɦɟ ɜɵɳɟɥɨɱɟɧɧɨɦ ɬɹɠɟɥɨɫɭɝɥɢɧɢɫɬɨɦ ɫɨ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɦɢ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚɦɢ: ɪɇ Ʉɋl = 4,9; ɇɝ = 6,8 ɦɝ-ɷɤɜ; S = 28,1 ɦɝ-ɷɤɜ ɧɚ 100ɝ ɩɨɱɜɵ. Ʉɨɦɩɨɫɬɵ ɛɵɥɢ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɵ ɜ ɟɦɤɨɫɬɢ ɨɛɴɟɦɨɦ 0,5 ɥ ɩɪɢ ɜɥɚɠɧɨɫɬɢ 60% ɨɬ ɇȼ, ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɧɚ 200 ɝ ɩɨɱɜɵ ɜɧɨɫɢɥɨɫɶ ɨɬ 20 ɞɨ 40 ɦɝ Ɋ 2 Ɉ 5 ɧɚ 100ɝ ɩɨɱɜɵ.

Ƚɪɭɩɩɨɜɨɣ ɫɨɫɬɚɜ ɮɨɫɮɚɬɨɜ ɤɨɦɩɨɫɬɨɜ ɩɨ ɫɪɨɤɚɦ ɨɩɵɬɚ, ɦɝ/100ɝ ɩɨɱɜɵ

Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 1.

2 ɝɪɭɩɩɚ –ɭɤɫɭɫɧɚɹ ɤɢɫ3 ɝɪɭɩɩɚ –ɫɨɥɹɧɚɹ ɤɢɫɥɨɬɚ ɥɨɬɚ

10

4,9 15,8 1

4,7 13,9 3

3,9 14,8 12

4,8 14,9 10

6,3 25,9 1

6,2 24,9 3

8,2 25,4 12

7,1 23,6

11,8 11,1 11,3 12,1 26,6 26,8 27,8 25,4

9,7 9,7 10,6 10,8 19,8 18,1 18,8 19,3

ɞɧɟɣ ɦɟɫɹɰɟɜ ɞɧɟɣ ɦɟɫɹɰɟɜ ɬɚ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɜɨ ɜɬɨɪɨɣ ɝɪɭɩɩɟ ɢ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ 0,5ɧ ɫɨɥɹɧɚɹ ɤɢɫɥɨɬɚ ɢɡɜɥɟɤɚɟɬ ɨɤɨɥɨ 100% Ɋ 2 Ɉ 5 . ɑɚɫɬɶ ɮɨɫɮɨɪɚ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɭɞɨɛɪɟɧɢɹ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ 5 ɝɪɭɩɩɟ. Ɉɛɟɫɮɬɨɪɟɧɧɵɣ ɮɨɫɮɨɪ ɡɚɦɟɬɧɨ ɭɫɬɭɩɚɟɬ ɫɭɩɟɪɮɨɫɮɚɬɭ ɩɨ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɢɦɨɫɬɢ –ɤɨ ɜɬɨɪɨɣ ɝɪɭɩɩɟ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɫɹ 34% (ɜ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɦ ɢɡ 4-ɯ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɣ), ɤ 3-ɣ –98%. ɉɨɥɟɜɵɟ ɨɩɵɬɵ ɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɬ, ɱɬɨ ɷɬɨ ɭɞɨɛɪɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɢ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɦ ɜɧɟɫɟɧɢɢ ɧɚ ɫɚɦɵɯ ɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɩɨɱɜɚɯ ɧɟ ɭɫɬɭɩɚɟɬ ɫɭɩɟɪɮɨɫɮɚɬɭ.

Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɦ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɦ ɮɨɫɮɨɪɚ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɫɬɟɧɢɣ ɧɚ ɜɵɳɟɥɨɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɱɟɪɧɨɡɟɦɚɯ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɮɨɫɮɚɬɵ ɤɚɥɶɰɢɹ, ɚ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɦ - ɜɫɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɋɚ-P, Fe-P ɢ ɜ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɟɸ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ Al-P [5]. ȼɵɲɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɨɬɦɟɱɟɧɨ, ɱɬɨ ɜ ɩɨɝɥɨɳɟɧɢɢ ɮɨɫɮɨɪɚ ɜ ɩɨɱɜɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɭɸ ɪɨɥɶ ɢɝɪɚɟɬ ɢ ɩɨɝɥɨɳɟɧɢɟ ɦɢɤɪɨɛɢɨɬɨɣ ɢ ɡɟɥɟɧɵɦɢ, ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɵɦɢ ɪɚɫɬɟɧɢɹɦɢ. ɇɚ ɮɨɧɟ ɤɨɥɨɫɫɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɦɢɧɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɝɥɨɳɟɧɢɹ ɷɬɨ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɦɚɥɨɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ, ɧɨ ɢɦɟɧɧɨ ɩɨɝɥɨɳɟɧɢɟ ɫɟɥɶɫɤɨɯɨɡɹɣɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɚɦɢ ɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬ ɭɪɨɠɚɣɧɨɫɬɶ, ɫɛɨɪ ɫɭɯɨɝɨ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ, ɛɟɥɤɚ, ɭɝɥɟɜɨɞɨɜ, ɜɢɬɚɦɢɧɨɜ ɢ ɬ.ɞ. ȼ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ ɷɬɢɦ ɛɵɥɨ ɛɵ ɧɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɧɨ ɧɟ ɤɨɫɧɭɬɶɫɹ ɷɬɨɣ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ ɜ ɚɫɩɟɤɬɟ ɭɫɜɨɟɧɢɹ ɮɨɫɮɨɪɚ ɪɚɡɧɵɦɢ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɚɦɢ. ȼ ɷɬɨɦ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɟ ɜɫɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚ-

ɬɟɥɢ ɟɞɢɧɵ ɜɨ ɦɧɟɧɢɢ, ɱɬɨ ɮɨɫɮɨɪ ɭɞɨɛɪɟɧɢɣ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɫɥɚɛɟɟ ɤɚɥɢɹ ɢ ɬɟɦ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɚɡɨɬɚ. ɉɨ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɦ ɦɧɨɝɨɥɟɬɧɟɝɨ (24 ɝɨɞɚ) ɨɩɵɬɚ ɜ ɭɱɯɨɡɟ «Ʉɨɦɫɨɦɨɥɟɰ» Ɇɢɱɭɪɢɧɫɤɨɝɨ ȽȺɍ ɩɪɢ ɜɧɟɫɟɧɢɢ ɫɭɩɟɪɮɨɫɮɚɬɚ ɜ ɞɨɡɚɯ 40, 80, 240 ɤɝ Ɋ 2 Ɉ 5 ɧɚ ɪɚɡɧɵɣ ɫɪɨɤ (ɟɠɟɝɨɞɧɨ, ɱɟɪɟɡ ɝɨɞ, 1 ɪɚɡ ɜ 6 ɥɟɬ) ɄɉȾ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɢɥ 36,3 %. ȼ ɤɪɚɬɤɨɫɪɨɱɧɵɯ ɨɩɵɬɚɯ ɷɬɨɬ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɶ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɥɫɹ ɨɬ 8,1% ɞɨ 24,5% [5,7].

ɋɩɢɫɨɤ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ:

1. Ⱥɞɟɪɢɯɢɧ, ɉ.Ƚ. Ɏɨɫɮɨɪ ɜ ɩɨɱɜɚɯ ɢ ɡɟɦɥɟɞɟɥɢɢ ɐɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɨ-ɑɟɪɧɨɡɟɦɧɨɣ ɩɨɥɨɫɵ / ɉ.Ƚ. Ⱥɞɟɪɢɯɢɧ. –ȼɨɪɨɧɟɠ: ȼȽɍ, 1970. –478 ɫ. 2. Ȼɨɛɪɨɜɢɱ, Ʌ.ȼ. Ɏɨɫɮɨɪ ɜ ɩɨɱɜɚɯ ɥɟɫɨɫɬɟɩɧɨɣ ɡɨɧɵ ɟɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ / Ʌ.ȼ. Ȼɨɛɪɨɜɢɱ, ȼ.Ⱥ. Ⱥɪɡɵɛɨɜ, ɂ.ɇ. Ɇɚɰɧɟɜ // ȼɟɫɬɧɢɤ Ɇɢɱɭɪɢɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɚɝɪɚɪɧɨɝɨ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬɚ. –Ɇɢɱɭɪɢɧɫɤ, 2015. - № 2. - ɋ. 6-13. 3. ȼɢɧɨɝɪɚɞɨɜ, Ⱥ.ɉ. Ƚɟɨɯɢɦɢɹ ɪɟɞɤɢɯ ɢ ɪɚɫɫɟɹɧɧɵɯ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɜ ɩɨɱɜɚɯ / Ⱥ.ɉ. ȼɢɧɨɝɪɚɞɨɜ. - Ɇ.: ɂɡɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ Ⱥɇ ɋɋɋɊ, 1957. –483 ɫ. 4. Ⱦɚɧɢɥɢɧ, ɋ.ɂ. ȼɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɜɧɟɫɟɧɢɹ ɝɪɚɧɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɞɨɛɪɟɧɢɹ ɢɡ ɨɛɟɡɡɚɪɚɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɭɪɢɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɦɟɬɚ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɬɨɦɚɬɨɜ ɢ ɩɥɨɞɨɪɨɞɢɟ ɩɨɱɜɵ ɜ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ Ɍɚɦɛɨɜɫɤɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ / ɋ.ɂ. Ⱦɚɧɢɥɢɧ, Ʌ.ȼ. ɋɬɟɩɚɧɰɨɜɚ, ɂ.ɇ. Ɇɚɰɧɟɜ // ȼ ɫɛɨɪɧɢɤɟ: ɉɨɱɜɵ ɢ ɢɯ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ: Ɇɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ Ɇɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɣ ɧɚɭɱɧɨ-ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɨɧɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɢ, ɩɨɫɜɹɳɟɧɧɨɣ 90-ɥɟɬɢɸ ɫɨ ɞɧɹ ɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɞɨɤɬɨɪɚ ɫɟɥɶɫɤɨɯɨɡɹɣɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɚɭɤ, ɡɚɫɥɭɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɹ ɧɚɭɤɢ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ, ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɨɪɚ ȼ.ȼ. Ɍɸɥɢɧɚ, 2018. - ɋ. 75-81. 5. Ɇɚɰɧɟɜ, ɂ.ɇ. ɗɤɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶ ɞɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɭɞɨɛɪɟɧɢɣ, ɩɥɨɞɨɪɨɞɢɟ ɩɨɱɜɵ ɢ ɭɪɨɠɚɣ/ ɂ.ɇ. Ɇɚɰɧɟɜ, Ⱥ.Ⱥ. ɒɚɪɚɩɨɜ, Ƚ.Ⱥ. ɒɚɪɚɩɨɜ // ȼ ɫɛɨɪɧɢɤɟ: ɂɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɵ ɤ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɟ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɣ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ, ɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɩɟɪɟɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ ɪɚɫɬɟɧɢɟɜɨɞɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɤɥɚɫɬɟɪɚ. Ɇɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ȼɫɟɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ ɧɚɭɱɧɨ-ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɨɧɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɢ. - Ɇɢɱɭɪɢɧɫɤ, 2020. - ɋ. 82-84. 6. Ɇɚɰɧɟɜ, ɂ.ɇ. ȼɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɜɧɟɫɟɧɢɹ ɝɪɚɧɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɞɨɛɪɟɧɢɹ ɢɡ ɨɛɟɡɡɚɪɚɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɭɪɢɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɦɟɬɚ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɤɚɪɬɨɮɟɥɹ ɢ ɩɥɨɞɨɪɨɞɢɟ ɩɨɱɜɵ ɜ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ Ɍɚɦɛɨɜɫɤɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ / ɂ.ɇ. Ɇɚɰɧɟɜ, ɋ.ɂ. Ⱦɚɧɢɥɢɧ,

Ʌ.ȼ. ɋɬɟɩɚɧɰɨɜɚ // ȼ ɫɛɨɪɧɢɤɟ: ɉɨɱɜɵ ɢ ɢɯ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ: Ɇɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ Ɇɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɣ ɧɚɭɱɧɨ-ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɨɧɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɢ, ɩɨɫɜɹɳɟɧɧɨɣ 90-ɥɟɬɢɸ ɫɨ ɞɧɹ ɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɞɨɤɬɨɪɚ ɫɟɥɶɫɤɨɯɨɡɹɣɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɚɭɤ, ɡɚɫɥɭɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɹ ɧɚɭɤɢ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ, ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɨɪɚ ȼ.ȼ. Ɍɸɥɢɧɚ, 2018. - ɋ. 182-188. 7. Ɇɚɰɧɟɜ, ɂ.ɇ. ȼɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɭɞɨɛɪɟɧɢɣ ɢ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɤɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɱɜɵ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɤɚɪɬɨɮɟɥɹ / ɂ.ɇ. Ɇɚɰɧɟɜ, ȼ.Ⱥ. Ⱥɪɡɵɛɨɜ // ȼɟɫɬɧɢɤ ɆɢɱȽȺɍ. – 2013. - № 4. –ɋ. 26-29. 8. ɉɚɧɧɢɤɨɜ, ȼ.Ⱦ. Ɍɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɵ ɪɚɫɲɢɪɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɫɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ ɩɥɨɞɨɪɨɞɢɹ ɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɱɟɪɧɨɡɟɦɚ / ȼ.Ⱦ. ɉɚɧɧɢɤɨɜ // ɉɥɨɞɨɪɨɞɢɟ ɱɟɪɧɨɡɟɦɨɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ / ɉɨɞ ɪɟɞɚɤɰɢɟɣ ɇ.Ɂ. Ɇɢɥɚɳɟɧɤɨ. –Ɇ.: Ⱥɝɪɨɤɨɧɫɭɥɶɬɚɧɬ, 1998. –ɋ. 13-66. 9. ɉɪɹɧɢɲɧɢɤɨɜ, Ⱦ.ɇ. ɂɡɛɪɚɧɧɵɟ ɫɨɱɢɧɟɧɢɹ / Ⱦ.ɇ. ɉɪɹɧɢɲɧɢɤɨɜ // Ɍɨɦ 2. –Ɇ.: Ʉɨɥɨɫ, 1965. –706 ɫ.