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IMPROVING THE INNOVATIVE POTENTIAL OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES IS THE MAIN CHALLENGE OF THE MODERN STAGE OF DEVELOPMENT OF UZBEKISTAN'S ECONOMY Naima Khashimova Shahnoza Ulmasova
from internauka332020
by bortnikova
ECONOMICS
IMPROVING THE INNOVATIVE POTENTIAL OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES IS THE MAIN CHALLENGE OF THE MODERN STAGE OF DEVELOPMENT OF UZBEKISTAN'S ECONOMY
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Naima Khashimova Doctor Of Economics, Professor at Tashkent State Technical University named after Islam Karimov, Uzbekistan, Tashkent
Shahnoza Ulmasova PhD applicant at Tashkent State Technical University, Uzbekistan, Tashkent
ɏɚɲɢɦɨɜɚ ɇɚɢɦɚ Ⱥɛɢɬɨɜɧɚ
ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɨɪ, Ɍɚɲɤɟɧɬɫɤɢɣ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬ, ɍɡɛɟɤɢɫɬɚɧ, ɝ. Ɍɚɲɤɟɧɬ
ɍɥɦɚɫɨɜɚ ɒɚɯɧɨɡɚ ɏɢɫɥɚɬɨɜɧɚ
ɫɨɢɫɤɚɬɟɥɶ PhD Ɍɚɲɤɟɧɬɫɤɨɝɨ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬɚ, ɍɡɛɟɤɢɫɬɚɧ, ɝ. Ɍɚɲɤɟɧɬ
ABSTRACT
The development of industry is given special attention in the country. This is because the industrial sector has significant development potential. The experience of many countries shows that it is through the active development of industry that high economic growth and increased competitiveness of the economy are achieved. The reforms have made significant progress in the development of the sector. In order to develop innovation potential and make a decision in a management environment, it is necessary to develop the principles on which innovation is based.
ȺɇɇɈɌȺɐɂə
ȼ ɪɟɫɩɭɛɥɢɤɟ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɸ ɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɭɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɫɨɛɨɟ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ. ɗɬɨ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɨ ɫ ɬɟɦ, ɱɬɨ ɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɵɣ ɫɟɤɬɨɪ ɨɛɥɚɞɚɟɬ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɨɦ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ. Ɉɩɵɬ ɦɧɨɝɢɯ ɫɬɪɚɧ ɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ, ɱɬɨ ɢɦɟɧɧɨ ɛɥɚɝɨɞɚɪɹ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɦɭ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɸ ɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɭɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɞɨɫɬɢɱɶ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɝɨ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɨɫɬɚ ɢ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɬɨɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɢ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɢ. Ȼɥɚɝɨɞɚɪɹ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɦɵɦ ɪɟɮɨɪɦɚɦ ɞɨɫɬɢɝɧɭɬɵ ɡɧɚɱɢɦɵɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɜ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɢ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɟɤɬɨɪɚ. Ⱦɥɹ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɨɫɜɨɟɧɢɹ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɚ ɢ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɢɹ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɪɟɞɟ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɚ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɨɜ, ɧɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɨɫɧɨɜɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɚɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ.
Keywords: economy, innovation, industry, innovation potential, technology.
Ʉɥɸɱɟɜɵɟ ɫɥɨɜɚ: ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɚ, ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɢ, ɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ, ɢɧɧɨɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɣ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥ, ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɢ.
At present, one of the priorities of the domestic economy is to accelerate economic development and improve the competitiveness of enterprises. The most important factor for sustainable enterprise development is to increase the innovative potential of business entities, which is impossible without the development of knowledge-intensive technologies, efficient use of intellectual resources, introduction of innovative developments in industry. Accordingly, countries that provide an enabling environment for innovation are winning in global competition.
The development of industry is given special attention in the country. This is because the industrial sector has significant development potential. The experience of many countries shows that it is through the active development of industry that high economic growth and increased competitiveness of the economy are achieved. The reforms have made significant progress in the development of the sector. In particular, over the last three years, the period 2016-2018, the volume of production of the industry increased by a third. The high rate of industrial development has increased the contribution of industry to the economy of Uzbekistan from 20.6% to 26.3%. By the end of 2019, the industrial volume index is expected to grow at 6.4%, and the share of industry in GDP at 29%.
Despite the positive trends in the industry, there are a number of systemic problems that hinder its further development.
A number of factors influence management decisions. Factors of innovation activity can be divided into global, determined by macroeconomics and society as a whole, and local, micro-defined enterprises. global factors include the political situation at home and at the international level, competition in the foreign market, relations with the authorities, tax policy.
Among the factors of micro-levelness are two groups of factors that determine innovation activity: internal, aimed at managing innovation in the enterprise, and external, contributing to the expansion of the boundaries of innovation.
The size of the enterprise affects its ability to concentrate not only financial but also human resources for innovation. All things being equal, the larger the size of the firm, the more opportunities it has to divert some of its production resources into innovation.
The second set of factors includes: The financial position of the company, which gives an idea of its financial sustainability, its dependence on external sources of financing of innovation, its solvency and, as a result, the possibility of obtaining a loan for the implementation of innovative projects; The scientific and technological capacity that characterizes the organization's research and development capabilities; Production capacity, the ability to produce products, production capacity; The human resources that determine the level of skills of the organization's staff needed to innovate.
In order to develop innovation potential and make a decision in a management environment, it is necessary to develop the principles on which innovation is based, namely: The priority of innovation over traditional production; Ensuring the freedom of scientific and scientific and technological creativity, legal protection of intellectual property; Promoting competition in science and technology; The cost-effectiveness of innovative processes; Concentrating resources on priority areas of science and technology; Sufficiency and limited priority areas; Flexibility of innovation policy; Integration of education, science and entrepreneurship; Developing innovation potential in the regions by transferring certain rights and commitments to the regional level; Scale; Promoting international cooperation.
Implementation of the innovative potential of industrial enterprises is one of the main tasks at the current stage of development of the domestic economy. The solution to this task is to form, justify and implement cost-effective innovative projects in industry.
It is this factor that decisively determines the role and place of the country in the world community, the standard of living of the people and the provision of national security. In the industrialized countries, 80- 95% of GDP growth comes from new knowledge embodied in innovation. The transition of these countries to an innovative path of development has been made possible by the creation of national innovation systems (NIS). New developing countries have built their own innovation system, starting with import innovation. The innovative model they have used has shown that the rational application of imported scientific and technological advances can not only provide for significant growth in national economic potential, but will also contribute to its entry to a qualitatively higher level of advanced nations of the world. An important feature of the innovation policy of these countries is the selective approach to support and stimulation of selected industries and individual industries of a high-tech nature.
In order to mobilize the intellectual potential of the republic to solve the priority problems of socioeconomic and scientific and technological development, conceptual approaches to innovative development should be defined, as well as a new institutional environment that contributes to the effective organization of these processes in the conditions of post-crisis development.
Innovative development should be focused on the systemic and focused efforts of the state, private business and civil society institutions to ensure Uzbekistan's dynamic development in the field of science and innovation. At the same time, the experience of advanced innovative countries suitable for Uzbekistan and successful methods of organizing an effective innovation economy, including the commercialization of scientific developments, becomes important.
The analysis of the current situation provides an opportunity to formulate several possible ways of solving the problems of increasing innovation activity in Uzbekistan. They include: 1. The need to implement a set of measures to improve the mechanisms of stimulation and support from the state to develop and implement effective innovations in the organization and management of production by enterprises. This in turn contributes to improving the competitiveness of manufactured products on the world market.
The need to develop national projects to create and manufacture science-intensive innovative products, as well as to modernize the technical and technological component to meet modern requirements.
The need to develop public impact measures to develop innovative infrastructure and a system to attract private capital into innovation.
One important area of achievement of these goals is attracting foreign investment, the effectiveness of which depends on the degree of economic attractiveness of Uzbekistan. Thus, improving public policy to attract investment in innovation can significantly increase the country's innovation potential and, consequently, the competitive advantage of the national economy.
References: 1. Message of President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev Oliy Mazhlis from 24.01.2020 2. "On additional measures to reduce the dependence of industries on fuel and energy products by improving the energy efficiency of the economy and the use of available resources," Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan of 10.07.2020 3. Decree of the President of Uzbekistan, "Strategy of Action on five priority areas of development of the Republic of
Uzbekistan in 2017-2021," February 7, 2017 Decree of the President of Uzbekistan, "Strategy of Action on five priority areas of development of the Republic of Uzbekistan in 2017-2021," February 7, 2017. 4. The concept of innovative development of the Republic of Uzbekistan for 2012-2020 Tashkent - 2011. 5. Official Website of the Ministry of Innovation Development of the Republic of Uzbekistan https://mininnovation.uz/ru
