The Claymation Book of Writing by Bravo Grammar Con Online

CLAY ANIMATION: BOOK OF WRITING BY AMY ANGULO

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For Samantha who is currently learning about writing essays and who loves clay animation.

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Table of Contents

4. Introduction 6. Punctuation and Capitalization 10. Parts of Speech 22. Phrases and Clauses 26. Sentences 32. Paragraphs 38. Essays 42. About the Author Proof Copy: Not optimized for high quality printing or digital distribution

INTRODUCTION

Watching claymation movies for fun is cool but watching it while really analyzing and understanding that everything is made out of clay animation is another. Therefore, here is this book to I came to school, walked into Mr. Rodriguez class, sat down and was teach about all the aspects of how to write an essay while also assigned this book project. Frankly that is pretty much true but if I was a teaching people about clay animation. different person I could have just not done this project. The real reason I wrote this book was because I wanted to learn piece by piece how to write a book. In school throughout the years we are taught how to write essays. In elementary they had me doing the hamburger method to organize my essays, and in middle school I was taught different types of essays. But in high school it was kind of expected to know how to fully write a good essay, the thing is there are a lot of rules and little details we weren't taught. Therefore, writing this book was a learning experience for me but also a way to teach others about writing. Now, there are some people like me who of course don't choose to fully learn a skill simply because I'm not fully interested in it or it's just boring to sit down and learn all the rules. For that reason, I did my book on something that I find interesting; Clay Animation! I've always had a special spot for clay animation films. The patience of the animators to be in a studio for hours and hours just moving the clay character or thing for each scene is remarkable to me. Proof Copy: Not optimized for high quality printing or digital distribution

INTRODUCTION

Watching claymation movies for fun is cool but watching it while 5 really analyzing and understanding that everything is made out of clay animation is another. Therefore, here is this book to I came to school, walked into Mr. Rodriguez class, sat down and was teach about all the aspects of how to write an essay while also assigned this book project. Frankly that is pretty much true but if I was a teaching people about clay animation. different person I could have just not done this project. The real reason I wrote this book was because I wanted to learn piece by piece how to write a book. In school throughout the years we are taught how to write essays. In elementary they had me doing the hamburger method to organize my essays, and in middle school I was taught different types of essays. But in high school it was kind of expected to know how to fully write a good essay, the thing is there are a lot of rules and little details we weren't taught. Therefore, writing this book was a learning experience for me but also a way to teach others about writing. Now, there are some people like me who of course don't choose to fully learn a skill simply because I'm not fully interested in it or it's just boring to sit down and learn all the rules. For that reason, I did my book on something that I find interesting; Clay Animation! I've always had a special spot for clay animation films. The patience of the animators to be in a studio for hours and hours just moving the clay character or thing for each scene is remarkable to me. Proof Copy: Not optimized for high quality printing or digital distribution

Punctuation and Capitalization 6 Punctuation –

Period.: It ends a sentence or provides an abbreviation for a word. Ex: The first claymation movie came out in 2000. Coma,: Whatever is in front of it or behind it switches places

Ex: The clay animation, The Sculptor's Nightmare, was the first to combine claymation and liveaction footage. Em Use to draw emphasizes on something Ex. There is something that will always be needed when doing . En Dash- Hyphenate words Ex: It would take around 3-5 years to make a well produced clay animation movie. Colon: Use when going to give responses to something. Whatever comes after a colon is related to the last thing you said before. Ex: Five of the most popular claymation movies: Coraline, Chicken Run, The nightmare before Christmas, Corpse Bride, and Shaun the Sheep Movie. Semicolon; Connects multiple independent clause that are related Ex. Play Doh since it dries is never used for claymation; plasticine clay is used for claymation since it stays soft. Question Mark? After an Interrogative sentence Ex. Have you ever tried making a clay animation before? Exclamation Mark! Emphasizes exciting sentences Ex.It took over 60 years for the first ever claymation movie to come out! Proof Copy: Not optimized for high quality printing or digital distribution

Punctuation and Capitalization Punctuation –

Period.: It ends a sentence or provides an abbreviation for a word. Ex: The first claymation movie came out in 2000. Coma,: Whatever is in front of it or behind it switches places

8 Apostrophe ‘ To indicate possession or ownership. Used for contraction; connects words. Used as quote

mark in a big quote Ex. Claymation the ideal animation form people go for because it takes a long time.

” Indicates it comes from somewhere else Ex. Jeffery Katzenburg once said, dealing with clay animation, people forget that every single set is built to scale and by hand.”

Something is unsaid or still unsaid. Ex. only does every character, animal, and building have to be created... but then those figures have to be meticulously moved ever so slightly while each individual frame is - Claymation article Brackets[ ] To insert something in a quote. Ex. Jeffery Katzenburg said, dealing with clay animation, people [should never] forget that every single set is built to scale and by hand.”

Parenthesis( ) When ever you put something in it, it means it is important to know but not necessary to know Ex.The first ever claymation was about Theodore Roosevelt (the president of the United states at the time) and who would replace him.

Backslash / It indicates a choice

Ex. The fun/entertaining thing about clay animation is learning how to properly design a model out of the

clay.

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Capitalization

Rules of capitalization: • Capitalize the first word of a document/sentence and the first word after a period. Ex. Never rush clay animation. • Capitalize proper nouns and names. Ex. Henry Selick directed the movie Coraline. • Capitalize the First Word of a Quote when needed. Ex. you dare disobey me - Coraline • Capitalize Days, Months, and Holidays, But Not Seasons. Ex. Corpse Bride came out on September 16, 2005. • Capitalize Most Words in Titles. Ex: The claymation Negative Space was Oscar nominated. • Capitalize Cities, Countries, Nationalities, and Languages. Ex: The British artist William Harbutt invented plasticine in 1987. • Capitalize Time Periods and Events (Sometimes): Plasticine was invented the same year that the USS Stark Incident happened.

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Parts of Speech with Corpse Bride 10

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NOUNS

Types of nouns: (list three to five words of each type) ·

Common Nouns: name a class of people, places, things, or ideas. EX: Studio , Store, Set

Proper Nouns: give the name or title of a particular person, place, thing, or idea (must be capitalized).

EX: Pandemonium Films, Will Vinton, Henry Salik, ·

Compound Nouns: consist of words used together to form a single noun. EX: Handmade, Brainstorm,

Background. ·

Concrete Nouns: refer to material things, to people, or to places. EX: clay, brush, camera.

Abstract Nouns: name ideas, qualities, concepts, emotions, or attitudes. EX: patience, talent, love.

Functions (How nouns are used):

Write one sentence for each function. ·

Subject (comes before the verb)

Barkis Bittern happens to drink the cup of poison. Direct Object (comes after the verb and answers what or whom) Finis Evergot and Maudaline arranged Victorias and Victor's wedding. Indirect Object (answers to who or to whom) Mr. Moreno gave a diploma to his student at the graduation ceremony. Emily gave permission to her fiance to marry another girl.

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PRONOUNS

Pronouns take the place of nouns that have been established. Personal:

Nominative (subjects) Objective (objects) I/we

me/us

you/you

He, she, it, one/they him, her, it, one/them

Possessive My, mine

our, ours

Your, yours your, yours His, her, hers, its, one’s their, theirs Relative:

Nominative

Objective Possessive

who

whom whose

That that of that those/ this Interrogative: who, which, what, whatever, whoever Proof Copy: Not optimized for high quality printing or digital distribution

Reflexive: (personal pronouns plus the suffix –self or –selves) Used only: when the action verb is directed toward the subject of the construction: He makes himself a promise to learn his lines. to intensify a point:

. The daughter herself tried to speak out against the marriage. Demonstrative: this, these that, those Indefinite: all, another, anybody, anyone, anything, both, each, either, everybody, everyone, everything, everywhere, few, many, much, neither, nobody, none, no one, nothing, one, other, several, somebody, someone, such.

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VERBS

Verbs show the time, action, and state of being of a subject. Tense: verbs indicate time via tenses: simple past past past perfect past progressive simple present present present perfect present progressive present perfect progressive future future perfect Types: There are at least eleven (11) types of verbs: auxiliary verbs (helping verbs) linking verbs (verbs that do not describe action, but connect the subject of a sentence to other parts of the sentence – usually the predicate) lexical verbs (main verbs) dynamic verbs (indicate action) Proof Copy: Not optimized for high quality printing or digital distribution

tative verbs (describe a condition) finitive verbs (indicate tense)

nonfinitive verbs (infinitives or participles) regular verbs (weak verbs) irregular verbs (strong verbs) transitive verbs (verbs followed by a direct object) intransitive verbs (verbs that do not take direct objects) Voice: Voice is the form of the verb that indicates how it relates or interacts with the action. The English language has two voices: ACTIVE and PASSIVE. Active: The wedding planner is making all the reservations. Passive: All the reservations are being made by the wedding planner. Verbals: (VERB FORMS NOT USED AS VERBS) Gerund: word ending in “ing” used as a noun. ·

Victor's favorite hobby is playing the piano.

Participle: word ending in “ing” or “ed” used as an adjective ·

The girls sitting by the road were gossiping.

Infinitive: verb preceded by the word “to” (to go, to jump) used as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs · He should go home immediately.

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ADJECTIVES

Adjectives modify, describe, limit, and identify nouns and pronouns. ·

Kinds: Demonstrative, Common, Proper (Give one example of each using words related

to your subject)

Demonstrative: Those people were mean to her. Common: Victor is a talented man Proper: He is very fluent in speaking the English Language CONJUNCTIONS Coordinating (FANBOYS): for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so Correlative: Either/or; neither/nor; not only/but also; both/and; whether/or; as/so Subordinate: after, though as, as if, as long as, as thought, because, before, if, in order that,

provided that, since, so, so that, that, though, till, unless, when, where, whereas, while Relative pronouns: who (refers to people), which (refers to nonliving object or animals),

that (may refer to animals or nonliving objects)

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ADVERBS Adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs. ·

Endings

They embraced one another warmly. ·

Conversions (Show how three words related to your subject can

become adverbs – Example: “Educational” becomes “Educationally”) Nervous- Nervously Happy- Happily Willing- Willingly Man·

Types:

ner, Frequency, Degree, Place, Time Example Types: (Create one example each related to your subject) Manner – Victoria ran quickly

Time – She had to leave immediately. Place – She ran towards him Degree – They are exceptionally tall. Frequency – Victor is constantly messing up his wedding vows.

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PREPOSITIONS

Prepositions link nouns, pronouns, and phrases to other parts of the sentence. Prepositions are NEVER followed by verbs. There are one-word prepositions and complex prepositions. These are some common one-word prepositions: aboard, about, above, according to, across, across from, after, against, along, alongside, alongside of, along with, amid, among, apart from, around, as, as far as, aside from, at, away from, back of, because of, before, behind, below, beneath, beside, between, beyond, but (except), by, by means of, concerning, despite, down, down from, except, except excluding for, for, from, from among, from between, from under, in, in addition to, in behalf of, including, in front of, in place of, in regard to, inside, inside of, in spite of, instead of, into, like, near, near to, notwithstanding, of, off, on, on account of, on behalf of, onto, on top of, opposite, out, out of, outside, outside of, over, over to, owing to, past, prior to, to, toward, under, underneath, until, unto, up, upon, up to, versus, with, within, without.

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INTERJECTIONS

Interjections are the final part of speech. Find and copy/paste an alphabetical list of interjections here. 1. A aha, ahem, ahh, ahoy, alas, arg, aw 2. B bam, bingo, blah, boo, bravo, brrr 3. C cheers, congratulation 4. D dang, drat, darn, duh 5. E eek, eh, encore, eureka 6. F fiddlesticks 7. G gadzooks, gee, gee whiz, golly, goodbye, goodness, good grief, gosh 8. H ha-ha, hallelujah, hello, hey, hmm, holy buckets, holy cow, holy smokes, hot dog, huh, humph, hurray 9. O oh, oh dear, oh my, oh well, oops, ouch, ow 10. P phew, phooey, pooh, pow 11. R rats 12. S shh, shoo 13. T thanks, there, tut-tut 14. U uh-huh, uh-oh, ugh 15. W wahoo, well, whoa, whoops, wow 16. Y yeah, yes, yikes, yippee, yo, yuck Proof Copy: Not optimized for high quality printing or digital distribution

20 further, furthermore, moreover, a further, and , and then, then, just as,... so too , a simialr, another similarity, comparable, in the Addition Stronger Mild Comparison but, yet, and yet, still, Contrast however, still, neverthelesss, on in addtion, additionaly, besides, also, too, next, another, other, ... like same way, likewise

otherwise, or, through, but the other hand, on the contrary, Transitions of Logic Chart again, equally important, fisrt,

nor another, rather even so, notwithstanding, for all second, finally, last.

that, in contrast, alternativity, at the same time, though this may be, otherwise, instead, nothenless, conversely.

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in short, on the whole, as i said, in other words, hence, therefore, accourdinly, consequatly, so , and so , then Result that is, seocifically, in particular, Example for example, for instance, an instance Summary and in sum, genrally, after ll , by the way then, now, soon, afterward, later, Time meanwhile, at leangth, presently, at to do this Purpose to this end, with this object, for this there, here, beyond, nearby, next Place at this point, opposite to, adjacent to, on thus, thereupon, as a result, in a for one thing of this, this can be seen in emphasis , in gerneral, incedcily, natrially, i to be sure, in fact, indeed, clearly, of course, shortly, earlier, recenly, fisrt, second, last, presently, at last, fianlly, so that purpose, for that reason, because of to the other side, in the fornt, in the back consequence. hope , i suppose , in brief, at least anyway, remarbaly, defitely, without doubt

third, next, before, after, today, immedictaly, thereafter, at that time, this , in order to tomorrow subsequntly, evenitally, curently, in the mean time, in the past, in the future

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Phrases and Clauses with FrankenWeennie 22

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Phrases – groups of words that function as a part of speech.

Noun Phrase: A group of words consisting of nouns or pronouns and their modifiers that function as a noun. The happy dog went to go fetch the ball. Verb Phrase: A group of words consisting of verbs working together and that function as a verb. The students must come up with a great science project to win. Prepositional Phrase: A group of words that begins with a preposition and ends with a noun, and functions as an adjective or an adverb. The baseball went across the street. Appositive Phrase: A group of words that include all the words that modify an appositive and function as an adjective - IT MUST BE SURROUNDED BY COMMAS. Mr.Ryzuki, a science teacher, inspired Victor to revive his dog. Verbal Phrases: A group of words that begin with a verbal and ends with a noun. • Gerund Phrase verb ending in -ing that functions as a noun. Reviving Sparky was an out of the world discovery . • Participial Phrase word ending in -ing (present participle) or -ed (past participle) that functions as an adjective. Running at high speed, the dog crashed into a car. • Infinitive Phrase verb preceded by the word “to” (to read, to study, to write) that function as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs. Mr.Burgermeister is planting a rose garden to make his yard look nice.

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CLAUSES

Clauses – groups of words with BOTH a subject and a verb that function as parts of speech. There are TWO kinds: Independent and Dependent (called “Subordinate”)

INDEPENDENT – CAN stand alone as a complete sentence, known as a simple sentence pattern. The professor always comes to class fully prepared.

DEPENDENT (SUBORDINATE) – CANNOT stand alone as a complete sentence and MUST begin with a SUBORDINATE CONJUNCTION. There are seven (7) kinds:

Noun Clause: Used as the noun in a sentence and may function as a subject, a predicate noun, a direct object, an object of a preposition, an indirect object, or an appositive. He didn't know why the experiment wasnt working Adjective Clause: Used to modify a noun in an independent clause. Some adjective clauses begin with an introductory word: • Sparky fell in love with another dog who lives on the other side of the fence.

Some adjective clauses begin with relative pronouns: • People who are smart follow the rules

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25 Adverb Clause: Used to modify verbs, adjectives, and adverbs in an independent clause, introduced by a

subordinate conjunction and used to indicate time, place, cause, purpose, result, condition, and/or concession. Modifying verbs: • He answered the question as if he knew the subject quite well Modifying adjectives: • The science teacher was incredibly patient. Modifying adverbs: • Toshiaki was speaking so rudely. Relative Clauses: Dependent clause that begins with a relative pronoun. He lives in New Holland, which he likes Elliptical Clauses: Adverb clauses in which part of the clause is omitted. No one works harder than he. Essentoial Clauses: Clauses necessary to the meaning of the sentence. He wants the dog that is black and white. Nonessential Clauses: Clauses that are NOT necessary to the meaning of the sentence. His science room, which is the attic, is his favorite place.

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Sentences with

James and the Gaint Peach

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SENTENCES

Sentence – a set of words that contains a subject and a predicate and conveys a statement, command, question, or an exclamation.

Sentence Parts

Subject – what/who the sentence is about James saves a spider from his aunts. Predicate – what the subject does James saves a spider from his aunts. Sentence Types Declarative – a sentence that makes a statement (ends with a period mark) James is a smart and clever boy. Imperative – a sentence that makes a command (ends with a period mark) “Get up at once.”- Aunt Spiker Interrogative – a sentence that asks a question (ends with a question mark) “Could I please have something to eat first?”- James Exclamatory – a sentence that expresses great emotion, passion, excitement (ends with an exclamation mark) “We’re too busy to make food! We are counting our money!” - James Aunts

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Sentence Patterns

Simple Sentence: A sentence that is just one independent clause. James ate through the peach wall. Compound Sentence: A sentence with multiple independent clauses, but no dependent clauses - connected by FANBOYS (coordinating conjunctions) or a semicolon (;). The sky looks cloudy; it's going to rain. Complex Sentence: A sentence with one independent clause and at least one dependent clause. As soon as they arrive, he starts yelling. Complex-Compound Sentence: A sentence with multiple independent clauses and at least one dependent clause. Though James is a good boy, his aunts always yell at him, making him suffer in pain. Loose Sentence: A sentence that contains an independent clause plus a subordinate construction (either a clause or phrase) with your main point at the beginning. James took off from home without permission and without telling anyone Periodic Sentence: A sentence in which the independent clause is given at the end of the sentence in order to create interest or generate suspense with the main point coming at the end. In spite of cold temperatures and freezing water, they continued.

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29 Parallel Structure: A sentence using the same pattern of two or more verbs or ideas that match in tense or structure

to show that they are of equal importance and to help the reader comprehend what is being written - this sentence requires symmetry. James likes reading, exploring new things, and talking with his friends. Balanced Sentence: A sentence where phrases or clauses at the beginning and the end parallel each other by virtue of their likeness of structure, meaning, or length - this sentence requires symmetry. The aunts were punished because they hated James. Chiasmus: A sentence that includes a repetition of ideas (words, phrases, or clauses) in inverted (reversed) order this sentence requires symmetry. His life was full of friends, and his friends full of life. : A sentence that leaves out conjunctions between words, phrases, or clauses for a rhetorical purpose. He developed a home full of friends,family, food. Polysyndeton: A sentence that uses multiple conjunctions in close proximity to each other between words, phrases, or clauses for a rhetorical purpose. He developed a home full of friends and food and family. Anaphora: A sentence that features the purposeful repetition of a word, words, or a phrase at the beginning of several successive clauses in order to place emphasis and draw attention. She dropped the glass and it shattered everywhere. Epistrophe: A sentence featuring several phrases or clauses ending with the same word or words. Face the dawn, fear the dawn, own the dawn. Proof Copy: Not optimized for high quality printing or digital distribution

Sentence Errors Run-On/Rambling/Fused Sentence – a sentence construction error where two or more independent clauses are connected incorrectly without punctuation. The aunts were lazy they punish him by making him do all the work they both sat there and watched. [WRONG] The aunts were lazy; they punished him doing all the work they both sat there and watched. . [RIGHT] Comma Splice – a sentence construction error where two or more independent clauses are connected incorrectly using commas James likes to explore, he tries to explore each day. [WRONG] James likes to explore; he tries to explore each day [RIGHT]

Fragment – incomplete sentence pieces that are not connected to or do not form an independent clause Because he's a kid . [WRONG] Because he's a kid, he is viewed as immature. [RIGHT]

Misplaced/Dangling Modifiers – modifiers are words, phrases, or clauses that add description; a misplaced modifier describes the wrong part of a sentence and a dangling modifier is missing the part it’s supposed to modify In the yard, the man gave a bag to the kid that was very small. [WRONG] In the yard, the man gave a bag that was very small to the kid. [RIGHT]

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31 Double Negative – combining two or more negative words in a sentence in a way that is supposed to produce a

positive force That won't do him no good That won't do him any good.

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Paraphrahs 32

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33 Paragraphs – a group of sentences that together convey a shared purpose structured around the same topic.

Introductory Paragraphs (Introductions) Hook (Lead / Opening Statement) – can begin with the title Anecdotal (Brief story to set the mood and lead the reader into the topic) People have been watching movies since 1895 and throughout the years movies have evolved greatly. Liveaction to animated, they are both equally entertaining in their own ways and have been around for the longest. But there is also another type of movie that has been developing over the years and should be enjoyed by others… Clay animation! Query Based (Question that brings the reader to the topic - avoid second person POV “you”) Ex. What in the world is clay animation? Thesis Statements (the purpose of a piece of writing – usually one sentence in length, but can be longer depending on the purpose – must be something that is arguable) Assertion (claim - a subject + a “so what” about the subject)

Clay animation has been around for years and should get even more recognition.

Fact (empirically verifiable but often difficult to argue extensively about - better used as

evidence to support a claim)

Ex. Clay animation has been around since 1897.

Opinion (personal position on a topic)

Clay Animation is the best type of movie film.

Belief (social, religious, or political in nature – an opinion held by many to be a fact, though it is not necessarily factual – often involves a judgement)

Clay animation is another of God's many gifts and should be praised.

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34 Generalization (uses absolute or statistical pronouns: all, always, every, never,

none, most, half – avoid using this type of thesis statement unless citing the

source of the data)

Ex. Almost half of the world doesn't know what clayanimation is.

Document Based (cites a specific source, author, and position on a topic)

Ex. In A Look into the Art of Claymation, Jourdan Aldredge explains that clay animation is

slowly disappearing and should be appreciated by showing videos of how the art is made.

Theory (a statement that can be tested and potentially proven - often answers a

research question) Clay Animation will slowly start disappearing because of technology. Clarification/Expansion of Thesis (could extend the thesis, preview the evidence supporting the thesis, give the purpose of thesis, establish the importance or significance of examining the intricacies of the thesis – this could be several sentences long) Aldredge examines that clay animation takes a long process and everything has to be precise; this is why it needs to be appreciated.

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35 Body Paragraphs (must have echoes of the thesis in each AND present evidence to support or expand on the thesis)

Topic Sentences (must specifically indicate the topic of the paragraph and focus on one subject and/or area of evidence or support – could start with a “Transition of Logic” that connects to the previous paragraph to give context) In the first place, multiple sources show the time and precion that it takes to make clay animations. (Now every sentence in this paragraph must be related to the connection between fast food and health) Presenting Evidence from Quotations (quotes should NEVER be used as individual sentences – quotes should be embedded within sentences) ORIGINAL QUOTE - Stop-motion animation is incredibly tedious and difficult to produce, taking hours upon hours to build the sets and move each character motion-by-motion. Several animaorts agree that, “ Stop-motion animation is incredibly tedious and difficult to produce, taking hours upon hours to build the sets and move each character motion-by-motion.” Examining the Evidence Paraphrasing (rewording of a quote into other words of the same length without quotation marks, but still citing the source - useful for examining the quote and transitioning to your analysis of the quote) ORIGINAL QUOTE – “Stop-motion animation is incredibly tedious and difficult to produce, taking hours upon hours to build the sets and move each character motion-by-motion.” PARAPHRASE – Clay animation takes a long time to produce because of the difficult process of having to move and design each character or place motion by motion.

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36 Summarizing (condensing larger quotes or sections - useful for closing the examination of the

quote/evidence and transitioning to your analysis of the quote) ORIGINAL QUOTE – “Stop-motion animation is incredibly tedious and difficult to produce, taking hours upon hours to build the sets and move each character motion-by-motion.” Ex. SUMMARY – Clay animation is hard to produce. Abstract Examples (hypothetical, “what if” examples that do not refer to a source – AVOID USING THEM AS EVIDENCE – but useful for examining the quote) Ex. If clay animation was easy to make then there would be more movies. Concrete Examples (actual examples that do refer to a source – useful for enhancing your analysis of the quote) Ex. Laiki studios took more than 4 years to make a claymation movie even with 500 people working but it has gotten many recognitions. Closing Sentences (must end the discussion of the topic within the paragraph with a transitional or culminating word – possibly an adverb – and should echo the thesis of the essay) Ex. Under those circumstances , the long production of clay animation and hard work needs to be appreciated more.

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37 Closing Paragraphs (Conclusions – should not be mere summaries of the previous paragraphs of your essay)

Consequences of Disregarding the Thesis (establishing the potential consequences of disregarding the implications of the thesis – CREATING A COUNTERARGUMENT – could be one or more sentences) If more people appreciated clay animation, there probably be more movie productions. S tatement(s) of Extension (extending the consequences of disregarding the implications of the thesis – could be one or more sentences) Important to realize that clay animation needs a lot of imagination because it brings something into life. Reestablishing the Significance of the Thesis (could be one or more sentences) Ex. Thus, as the prevalence of academic research indicates, fast food consumers carry out more than just the contents of a McDonalds’ paper bag – they carry out the potential for both illness and premature death. Ultimately, as the years pass clay animation is slowly disappearing into the hands of technology, which is why it should be recognized more. Final Sentence (closing statement that connects to the hook and finishes the essay (finish your argument) – the “Smoky the Bear”/”Drop the mic”/dot dot dot moment…) So given all this information about clay animation, maybe it's time to watch more movies before they disappear…

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Essays

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Essays – An essay is a formal piece of writing dealing with a single subject.

Types – Explain each type of essay and state its purpose Persuasive (Argumentative): An argumentative essay is an argument for a particular thesis statement. This is built up with multiple pieces of evidence that fully supports their case. The purpose for an argumentative essay is to persuade the reader to support your topic. Expository (Informative) Definition or Description Process (How-to) Compare and Contrast Cause and Effect An informative essay is a paper written with the purpose of informing the reader about a person, object, event, and ext. In this essay it is required to gather evidence and not use singular pronouns like I. It has many functions like definition or description, process (How-to), compare and contrast, and cause and effect. This type of essay is not meant to persuade or present an opinion in any way.

Analytical/Critical Evaluative Interpretive An analytical essay is made to present a claim/ argument about what is being analyzed. This usually concentrated on how the piece was written. The purpose is to fully understand what's being analyzed.

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40 Narrative (Tells a story)

Personal Statement/Anecdote Narrative is an essay that has a central point or central motive that the whole narrative revolves. Everything that revolves around the character is presented in the narrative. The purpose is to tell a story to the reader while making a point to the readers on why it's important to share. Research An essay which explains what was learned after exploring the subject in depth. In this essay you include information from articles, books, the internet, or even interviews. Your own knowledge and ideas, knowledge, and opinions can be used aswell. The purpose is to carry on what others have to say about a topic and to offer a unique perspective on the topic. Timed Document Based Question (DBQ) Synthesis A timed essay is an essay that requires you to demonstrate your knowledge by producicing a writing sample with limited time. The purpose is so that the teacher knows your level of knowledge and skills in writing.

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41 Strategies/Planning Tips/Steps – Explain how to plan and organize essays and how to analyze and break down

prompts. Pre-writing/Prompt Analysis/Outlining Researching/Evaluating of Sources • To plan an essay you have to fully understand the prompt or what is being written. Questions that will help: • What's the type of essay you need to write? • How many arguments to use? • How long does it have to be • What's the purpose of the essay? • Who is the essay directed at? • After that you make a thesis statement. Once you have a thesis statement you can start. • Introduction: Has to introduce and state the thesis. • Body Paragraph: Make sure to have evidence to support your thesis. The minimum is 3 paragraphs. Plan the order of the evidence. Remember to have a topic sentence, evidence (data/facts), then explain how it relates to your thesis. • Conclusion: You have to wrap up your essay. Try and make it so that it's something that will stick with your reader. Make sure to restate your thesis and call action about what you want your reader to understand about your topic.

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42 MLA Format: MLA Style specifies guidelines for formatting manuscripts and citing research in writing.

MLA Style also provides writers with a system for referencing their sources through parenthetical citation in their essays and Works Cited pages. Make sure the header is in Times New Roman size 12 font and the header should appear on every page of your paper. In the upper left-hand corner of the first page, list the following information: · Your name (First name + Last name, Ex: Lingshan Song) · The professor’s name (Ex: Professor Steve Price) · The course number (Ex: English 101) · The due day (day/month/year, Ex: 11 August 2011) · Center the word Works Cited without underling, bolding, or italicizing it. If there is only one entry, title this page Work Cited. ·

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APA Format: APA format is used for the organization of content, writing style, citing references, and how to prepare a manuscript for publication in certain disciplines. The APA format allows readers to focus more on your ideas by not distracting them with unfamiliar formatting. The Title Page should include: · The title of you paper: type your title in upper and lowercase letters centered in the upper half of the page. All text on the title page, and throughout your paper, should be double-spaced. · The author’s name (your name): beneath the title, type the author’s name: first name, middle initial(s), and last name. Do not use titles (Dr.) or degrees (Ph.D). · The institutional affiliation: beneath the author’s name, type the institutional affiliation, which should indicate the location where the author(s) conducted the research, such as Mississippi College.

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About the Author

For me it's very hard to answer these types of prompts because I don't know who I really am, I just know the

basics. That I am a child of parents who emigrated from Mexico to give me and my other sibling's opportunity. I am an 11th grader who wants to possibly pursue a career in criminal justice. A person that feels like I need to meet everyone's standards although I know I shouldn't worry about standards. A 16-year-old who is supposed to be a role model to my younger sister by doing good in school, doing chores, and just educating her. Lastly, I am a Bravo student, who is ready to learn, play volleyball, stress, and graduate, and make my parents and myself proud.

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45 The first day of preschool, where I was handed a chalk to write my name on the board, that's when I started to truly write. Well of course I wrote words before preschool but it was nothing I fully understood, this however was something that would always stick with me. Once I learned my full A, B, C’s I started to write lots of interesting things. I always enjoyed writing, it was a way to entertain or express myself. Although I would misspell many words , I would still sit in a corner and write books. Yeah, well not those types of books more of a big picture with 2 little sentences at the bottom for each page, all stapled together. It had a front cover, the table of contents, and the key; it was magnificent in my eyes. Clearly, as years progressed my writing skills did as well and I learned the proper way of doing an essay, story, and book.

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