The Music Industry Book of Writing by Bravo Grammar Con Online

TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Introduction 2. About the Author 3. Dedication 4. Punctuation & Capitalization 5. Parts of Speech 6. Phrases and Clauses 7. Sentences 8. Paragraphs 9. Essays

Introduction With hard work and dedication one is able to complete a task that may seem stressful. This book of writing was written through a very organized time frame. Every section of this book was given a great amount of time to complete. The key to completing everything well, is to be responsible and do things in the appropriate time given. Junior year is where one is able to significantly increase your level of writing. Working on this book has helped me improve my writing skills. Every section of this book gives you an insight on the basic and most necessary writing techniques. This book gives you an insight on how the music industry works. Many see the outside of this industry, but don’t really go deep into the inside of it. This topic involves many workers behind the scenes, not only the artists and musicians. It is made up of producers, managers, directors, writers, etc. Also, the music industry is not only about fame and fortune. It also involves much corruption, dictatorship, and other concerning topics. I wrote this book based on this topic because I want to spread some knowledge on how this industry functions.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR Itzel Flores is a junior at Bravo Medical Magnet High School. She lives in a household of four, which includes her endearing parents and her wonderful sister. Her parents migrated to the United States from Mexico in 2004, in order to find doctors who would help with her sister’s pulmonary conditions. Once they came here they began to settle themselves in Los Angeles, CA. After one year of residing in the United States, they decided to have a second child. On June 1, 2005, Itzel was born at just eight months. Her mother was worried that because the baby wasn’t fully developed, she would have some type of disorder. Luckily, the baby was born fine and up until now has lived a healthy life. She is now a student who is doing everything to make her parents proud. She likes to learn how to play several different instruments and is a singer. As a hobby she likes to watch movies, cook, and go out with friends. She is currently deciding what career she wants to pursue. Throughout her life she has had many people contribute to her writing growth. Throughout the first years of elementary school, she was taught how to write the basic skills of writing. Every year the school held a science fair in which all the students had to participate. The grades from K-4 did not have to write a research paper. But grades 5-8th were required to write at least a 5 page essay. Through these essays her writing began to develop and become better each year. Someone who really impacted her writing growth was her second eight grade teacher. During the first semester she had a teacher who would only help his favorite students and would be unfair to rest. This led to him being fired. In the second semester, a new teacher came and his name was Mr. Barajas. He helped her write more efficiently and correctly. He introduced her to Edgar Allan Poe, who is now one of her favorite poets. Another person who greatly helped her growth in writing was her sister, Yaki. She has helped Itzel through her whole writing growth. She would correct her papers before submitting them and would show her a more efficient way to write. Itzel continues to practice her writing skills, in order to become a better writer.

DEDICATION

To all the aspiring composers, musicians, songwriters, who are eager to achieve a successful career in the music industry. This book will give them an insight on the history of this industry and how it works.

Punctuation & Capitalization Punctuation: 1. . Period used after sentences and abbreviations The definition of music has been dramatically impacted by each generation. 2. , Comma used to separate words/clauses that can be moved. Muse, one of the few bands that writes, produces, and creates their own music. 3. – Em Dash used to create suspension There are some artists who started off as music producers/writers-Charlie Puth. 4. - En Dash: used to hyphenate There is a stereotype in sad songs in which people believe that every sad and dull song was written/composed by a heart-broken person. 5. : Colon, whatever comes after the word is directly related The many different types of jobs in the music industry include: producer, advertiser, manajer, singer, composer, and writer. 6. ; semicolon separates more than one independent clause The composers write the music of a song; writers write the lyrics of songs. 7. ? Question Mark used for an interrogative sentence & can end a sentence What is the most successful genre in the Music Industry? 8. ! Exclamation point used for an exclamatory sentence & can end a sentence All the tickets of the Bon Jovi concert in Los Angeles sold out in minutes! 9. ‘ Apostrophe/quote mark used for contractions, show possession She’s going to study Music theory as her major and business as her minor in order to become an artist manager. 10. “ ” Quotation marks used for dialogue or to emphasize words Jim Camparro states,”If we do our job….Music’s not black or white, it’s green”. 11. … Ellipses used to show something is unsaid and can end a sentence There are many legends in music, who will be next… 12. [ ] Brackets used for inserting something that comes from another source Many have different thoughts about each genre of music. For example Pablo Casals expresses, “Rock n’ roll is[not] poison put to sound”. 13. ( ) Parentheses: parenthetical information The King of Pop(Micheal Jackson) is one of the most influential people whose music and style marked and changed the world of music. 14. /

Back Slash indicates a choice, a selection

Once you begin to gain success with your music, it is necessary that you get a tour/artist manager to organize your events and time.

Capitalization: Identify and create one (1) example sentence for each rule of capitalization. Please list the rules of capitalization here: 1. Capitalize the first letter of a sentence Ex: Live music is always better than playback. 2. Capitalize names and other proper nouns Ex: Celine Dion, is one of the artists who gives much emotion when she is performing. 3. Capitalize most words in titles Ex: The album, “The Beatles”, was the one that made pop music art itself.

PARTS OF SPEECH NOUNS Types of nouns: (list three to five words of each type) · Common Nouns: name a class of people, places, things, or ideas. EX: producer, singer, writer · Proper Nouns: give the name or title of a particular person, place, thing, or idea (must be capitalized). EX: Executive Producer, Warner Music Group, Columbia Records · Compound Nouns: consist of words used together to form a single noun. EX: songwriter, worldwide, Ethnomusicology · Concrete Nouns: refer to material things, to people, or to places. EX: Brass, composer, piano · Abstract Nouns: name ideas, qualities, concepts, emotions, or attitudes. EX: optimism, knowledge, company

Functions (How nouns are used): Write one sentence for each function. · Subject (comes before the verb)

Eddie Van Halen greatly impacted the history of music . · Direct Object (comes after the verb and answers what or whom) Juan Gabriel asked upcoming artists to record his songs in order to gain more publicity. · Indirect Object (answers to who or to whom) Eddie Murphy handed the LifeTime Achievement award to Micheal Jackson at the AMAs.

PRONOUNS Pronouns take the place of nouns that have been established. Personal: Nominative (subjects) Objective (objects) I/we me/us you/you you/you He, she, it, one/they him, her, it, one/them

Possessive My, mine Your, yours His, her, hers, its, one’s

our, ours your, yours their, theirs

Relative: Nominative Possessive who whose That of that

Objective whom that those/ this

Interrogative: who, which, what, whatever, whoever Reflexive: (personal pronouns plus the suffix –self or –selves) Used only:

when the action verb is directed toward the subject of the construction: Writing is a way in which a person brings themselves up from a difficult situation. to intensify a point: Many artists write and produce their own music themselves. Demonstrative: this, these

that, those

Indefinite: all, another, anybody, anyone, anything, both, each, either, everybody, everyone, everything, everywhere, few, many, much, neither, nobody, none, no one, nothing, one, other, several, somebody, someone, such.

VERBS Verbs show the time, action, and state of being of a subject. Tense: verbs indicate time via tenses:

simple past past past perfect past progressive

simple present present present perfect present progressive

present perfect progressive future future perfe

Types: There are at least eleven (11) types of verbs: auxiliary verbs (helping verbs) linking verbs (verbs that do not describe action, but connect the subject of a sentence to other parts of the sentence – usually the predicate) lexical verbs (main verbs) dynamic verbs (indicate action) stative verbs (describe a condition) finitive verbs (indicate tense) nonfinitive verbs (infinitives or participles) regular verbs (weak verbs) irregular verbs (strong verbs) transitive verbs (verbs followed by a direct object)

intransitive verbs (verbs that do not take direct objects)

Voice: Voice is the form of the verb that indicates how it relates or interacts with the action. The English language has two voices: ACTIVE and PASSIVE. Active: Mariah Carey bought a $200 million mansion. (Mariah Carey is the subject) Passive: The presenter gave the best album of the year award to Adele. (Adele is the subject but treated as the object) Verbals: (VERB FORMS NOT USED AS VERBS) Gerund: word ending in “ing” used as a noun. · Taylor Swift enjoys watching television with her cats. Participle: word ending in “ing” or “ed” used as an adjective · Many people don’t believe the shocking and interesting theories about the Music Industry. · People applauded the shocked artists as she went up to receive her grammy. Infinitive: verb preceded by the word “to” (to go, to jump) used as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs · Producers prefer to advertise the artist’s album before releasing it.

ADJECTIVES Adjectives modify, describe, limit, and identify nouns and pronouns. · Kinds: Demonstrative, Common, Proper Demonstrative: Those artists who do charity/volunteer work are most likely to gain more popularity. Common: Harry Styles has a charming and friendly personality. Proper: According to Rolling Stones, British artists are becoming more popular than American artists.

ADVERBS Adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs. · Endings (Create one example related to your subject for each) –ly: Artistically, -wards: townwards, -wise: clockwise ·

Conversions -”Musical” becomes “Musically” -”Industrial” becomes “Industrially”

-”Influential” becomes “Influentially” ·

Types: Manner, Frequency, Degree, Place, Time

Example Types: (Create one example each related to your subject) Manner – Pitbull ran up to receive his award quickly. (How fast did he run?) Time – There have been new raw upcoming artists yearly. (When do they begin to appear?) Place – Jennifer Lopez was here yesterday to work on her new album. (Where was she?) Degree – Selena Gomez barely made it to the Met Gala. (How did she make it?) Frequency – Tour managers frequently call the stage managers in order to make sure that everything is ready for the concert the next day. (How often do they call?)

CONJUNCTIONS Coordinating (FANBOYS): for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so Correlative: Either/or; neither/nor; not only/but also; both/and; whether/or; as/so Subordinate: after, though as, as if, as long as, as thought, because, before, if, in order that, provided that, since, so, so that, that, though, till, unless, when, where, whereas, while Relative pronouns: who (refers to people), which (refers to nonliving object or animals), that (may refer to animals or nonliving objects)

but (except), by, by means of, concerning, despite, down, down from, except, except excluding for, for, from, from among, from between, from under, in, in addition to, in behalf of, including, in front of, in place of, in regard to, inside, inside of, in spite of, instead of, into, like, near, near to, notwithstanding, of, off, on, on account of, on behalf of, onto, on top of, opposite, out, out of, outside, outside of, over, over to, owing to, past, prior to, to, toward, under, underneath, until, unto, up, upon, up to, versus, with, within, without.

INTERJECTIONS Interjections are the final part of speech. Find and copy/paste an alphabetical list of interjections here. A Aah

ack

agreed

aha

ahem

alas all right amen argh

As if

aye

B Bah

blast

boo hoo bother

boy

brr

by golly

bye

C Cheerio

cheers

chin up

come on

crikey

curses

D dear me

doggone

drat

duh

egads

E easy does it

eek

exactly

F fair enough

fiddle-dee-dee

fiddlesticks

fie

foo

fooey

G G'day gadzooks gah gangway gee gee whiz geez gesundheit get outta here go on good good golly good job gosh gracious great grr gulp

get lost

H Ha ha-ha hah hallelujah harrumph haw hee here hey hmm hot dog how huh hum humbug hurray huzza I I say ick

is it

ixnay

ho hum

hoo

hooray

J Jeez

just a sec

just kidding

just wondering

K kapish L La

la-di-dah

long time

meh

mmm

look

look here

lordy

M Man

most certainly

my my

my word

N Nah naw never no no can do no way nooo not nuts

no thanks

O Oh

oh no

oh-oh

oho

okay

okey-dokey

oof

ooh oopsey

over

oyez

P Peace

pew

pff

phew

pish posh

psst

ptui

Q Quite

R Rah rats

ready

right

right on

roger

roger that

rumble

S Say sup

see ya

shame

shh

shoo

shucks

sigh

sleep tight snap

sorry

sssh

T Ta ta ta ta-da take that tally ho time out toodles touche tsk tsk-tsk tut

U Ugh

uh-oh

urgh

V very nice W

very well

voila

vroom

tch thanks tut-tut

there there there

Wah whoo

well well done well, well whoopee whoops whoopsy

what whatever whee when why word wow wuzzup

whew

whoa

Y Ya yea yow yum

yeah yech yummy

yikes

yippee

yoo-hoo

you bet you don't say

Z Zap

zounds

zowie

zzz

Transitions of Logic Chart

Milder

Stronger

Addition

a further and and then then also too next another other nor

further furthermore moreover in addition additionally besides again equally important first, second finally, last

Comparison

just as ... so too a similar another... like

similarly comparable in the same way likewise

you know

Contrast

but yet and yet still otherwise or though but another rather

however still nevertheless on the other hand on the contrary even so notwithstanding for all that in contrast alternatively at the same time though this may be otherwise instead nonetheless conversely

Time

then now soon afterward later shortly earlier recently first, second, third next before after today tomorrow

meanwhile at length presently at last finally immediately thereafter at that time subsequently eventually currently in the meantime in the past in the future

Purpose

to do this so that

to this end with this object for this purpose for that reason because of this in order to

Place

there here beyond nearby next to

at that point opposite to adjacent to on the other side in the front in the back

Result

so and so then

hence therefore accordingly consequently thus thereupon as a result in consequence

Example

that is specifically in particular for one thing

for example for instance an instance of this this can be seen in

Summary and Emphasis

in sum generally after all by the way in general incidentally naturally I hope at least it seems in brief I suppose

in short on the whole as I said in other words to be sure in fact indeed clearly of course anyway remarkably I think assuredly definitely without doubt for all that on the whole in any event importantly certainly

Functions (How nouns are used): Write one sentence for each function. · Subject (comes before the verb) Eddie Van Halen greatly impacted the history of music . · Direct Object (comes after the verb and answers what or whom) Juan Gabriel asked upcoming artists to record his songs in order to gain more publicity. · Indirect Object (answers to who or to whom) Eddie Murphy handed the LifeTime Achievement award to Micheal Jackson at the AMAs.

PRONOUNS Pronouns take the place of nouns that have been established. Personal: Nominative (subjects) Objective (objects) I/we me/us

you/you He, she, it, one/they

you/you him, her, it, one/them

Possessive My, mine Your, yours His, her, hers, its, one’s

our, ours your, yours their, theirs

Relative:

Nominative

Objective Possessive

who

whom whose

That

that of that those/ this Interrogative: who, which, what, whatever, whoever

Reflexive: (personal pronouns plus the suffix –self or –selves) Used only: when the action verb is directed toward the subject of the construction: Writing is a way in which a person brings themselves up from a difficult situation. to intensify a point: Many artists write and produce their own music themselves. Demonstrative: this, these

that, those

VERBS

Verbs show the time, action, and state of being of a subject. Tense: verbs indicate time via tenses:

simple past past past perfect past progressive

simple present present present perfect present progressive

present perfect progressive future future perfe

Infinitive: verb preceded by the word “to” (to go, to jump) used as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs · Producers prefer to advertise the artist’s album before releasing it.

ADVERBS Adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs. · Endings (Create one example related to your subject for each) –ly: Artistically, -wards: townwards, -wise: clockwise · Conversions -”Musical” becomes “Musically” -”Industrial” becomes “Industrially” -”Influential” becomes “Influentially” · Types: Manner, Frequency, Degree, Place, Time Example Types: (Create one example each related to your subject) Manner – Pitbull ran up to receive his award quickly. (How fast did he run?) Time – There have been new raw upcoming artists yearly. (When do they begin to appear?) Place – Jennifer Lopez was here yesterday to work on her new album. (Where was she?) Degree – Selena Gomez barely made it to the Met Gala. (How did she make it?) Frequency – Tour managers frequently call the stage managers in order to make sure that everything is ready for the concert the next day. (How often do they call?)

PREPOSITIONS Prepositions link nouns, pronouns, and phrases to other parts of the sentence. Prepositions are NEVER followed by verbs. There are one-word prepositions and complex prepositions. These are some common one-word prepositions: aboard, about, above, according to, across, across from, after, against, along, alongside, alongside of, along with, amid, among, apart from, around, as, as far as, aside from, at, away from, back of, because of, before, behind, below, beneath, beside, between, beyond, but (except), by, by means of, concerning, despite, down, down from, except, except excluding for, for, from, from among, from between, from under, in, in addition to, in behalf of, including, in front of, in place of, in regard to, inside, inside of, in spite of, instead of, into, like, near, near to, notwithstanding, of, off, on, on account of, on behalf of, onto, on top of, opposite, out, out of, outside, outside of, over, over to, owing to, past, prior to, to, toward, under, underneath, until, unto, up, upon, up to, versus, with, within, without.

INTERJECTIONS Interjections are the final part of speech. Find and copy/paste an alphabetical list of interjections here. A Aah

ack

agreed

aha

ahem

alas all right amen argh

As if

B Bah

blast

boo hoo bother

boy

brr

by golly

bye

aye

C Cheerio

cheers

chin up

come on

crikey

curses

D dear me

doggone

drat

duh

E easy does it

eek

egads

exactly

F fair enough

fiddle-dee-dee

fiddlesticks

fie

foo

fooey

G G'day

gadzooks go on

gah good

gangway

gee gee whiz geez gesundheit get lost get outta here good job gosh gracious great grr gulp

good golly

H Ha

ha-ha

hah

hallelujah harrumph haw hee here hey hmm hot dog how huh hum humbug hurray huzza

ho hum

hoo

hooray

I I say ick

is it

ixnay

J Jeez

just a sec

just kidding

just wondering

K kapish L La

la-di-dah

long time

look

look here

lordy

M Man

meh

mmm

most certainly

my my

my word

N Nah

naw never no no way nooo

no can do no thanks not nuts

O Oh

oh no

oh-oh

oho

okay

okey-dokey

oof

ooh oopsey

P Peace

pew

pff

phew

pish posh

psst

ptui

over

oyez

Q Quite

R Rah rats

ready

right

right on

roger

roger that

rumble

S Say

see ya

shame

shh

shoo

shucks sup

sigh

sleep tight snap

sorry

sssh

T Ta

ta ta

ta-da take that tally ho tch time out toodles touche tsk tsk-tsk

thanks there there there tut tut-tut

U Ugh

uh-oh

urgh

V very nice

very well

voila

vroom

W Wah

well well done well, well whoo whoopee whoops

what whoopsy

whatever whee when whew why word wow wuzzup

whoa

Y Ya

yea

yeah

yech

yikes

yippee yo yow yum

yoo-hoo yummy

you bet you don't say

Z Zap

zounds

zowie

zzz

Transitions of Logic Chart

Milder

Stronger

you know

Addition

a further and and then then also too next another other nor

further furthermore moreover in addition additionally besides again equally important first, second finally, last

Comparison

just as ... so too a similar another... like

similarly comparable in the same way likewise

Contrast

but yet and yet still otherwise or though but another rather

Time

then now soon afterward later shortly earlier recently first, second, third next before after today tomorrow

meanwhile at length presently at last finally immediately thereafter at that time subsequently eventually currently in the meantime in the past in the future

Purpose

to do this so that

to this end with this object for this purpose for that reason because of this in order to

Place

there here beyond nearby next to

at that point opposite to adjacent to on the other side in the front in the back

Result

so and so then

hence therefore accordingly consequently thus thereupon as a result in consequence

Example

that is specifically in particular for one thing

for example for instance an instance of this this can be seen in

Summary and Emphasis

in sum generally after all by the way in general incidentally naturally I hope at least it seems in brief I suppose

PHRASES and CLAUSES Phrases – groups of words that function as a part of speech. Noun Phrase: A group of words consisting of nouns or pronouns and their modifiers that function as a noun. The whole crowd was very screaming and were excited as they anticipated the appearance of the artist on the stage. Verb Phrase: A group of words consisting of verbs working together and that function as a verb. The producer knew that the artists would be waiting for a response on whether the song they wrote was going to be on the album or not. Prepositional Phrase: A group of words that begins with a preposition and ends with a noun, and functions as an adjective or an adverb.

The fans began to leak unreleased songs in anticipation of Micheal Jackson’s new album. Appositive Phrase: A group of words that include all the words that modify an appositive and function as an adjective - IT MUST BE SURROUNDED BY COMMAS. Juan Gabriel, a recognized singer and songwriter, worked with uprising artists to bring them more fame and recognition. Verbal Phrases: A group of words that begin with a verbal and ends with a noun. ● Gerund Phrase verb ending in -ing that functions as a noun. Stumbling on his shoes, Harry Styles finally reached the stage. ● Participial Phrase word ending in -ing (present participle) or -ed (past participle) that functions as an adjective. The stage crew quickly set up the equipment on the decorated stage. ● Infinitive Phrase verb preceded by the word “to” (to read, to study, to write) that function as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs. Many artists realized it was time to write another album. CLAUSES Clauses – groups of words with BOTH a subject and a verb that function as parts of speech. There are TWO kinds: Independent and Dependent (called “Subordinate”) INDEPENDENT – CAN stand alone as a complete sentence, known as a simple sentence pattern. Matt Bellamy writes and produces most of the songs on the albums. DEPENDENT (SUBORDINATE) – CANNOT stand alone as a complete sentence and MUST begin with a SUBORDINATE CONJUNCTION. There are seven (7) kinds: Noun Clause: Used as the noun in a sentence and may function as a subject, a predicate noun, a direct object, an object of a preposition, an indirect object, or an appositive. ○ . The vocal agility that Celion Dion has really defines her as one of the best singers in history. ○ Please tell whomever walks in to take the sample disc to the office. ○ That the record label was happy when they saw their rank number go up. ○ John Mayer quickly checked the songs on his list before going on to the stage.

Adjective Clause: Used to modify a noun in an independent clause. Some adjective clauses begin with an introductory word: ○ This is the hall where the most successful rock and roll artists are recognized. ○ Taylor swift found her earpiece that she really needed yesterday. ○ The music recognition that she wants is not easily earned. Some adjective clauses begin with relative pronouns: ■ The Queen album is obviously the one who got the most fame. (ONE is the antecedent of WHO and is modified by the adjective clause.) ■ There goes the music producer whose songs are usually about love. (MUSIC PRODUCER is the antecedent of whose and is modified by the adjective clause. ■ Music theory informatively teaches the written and interpretation part that music contains. ■ Are these the sample songs that you so desperately wanted? (that is the direct object of wanted) ■ Tina Turner is the artist whom most artists try to copy. (whom is the direct object of copy) ■ The song lyrics to which you ask for has unfortunately been given to another artist.(which is the object of the preposition to.) ■ Selena Gomez is a singer who easily ignores judgmental comments. . (who is the subject of ignores.) Adverb Clause: Used to modify verbs, adjectives, and adverbs in an independent clause, introduced by a subordinate conjunction and used to indicate time, place, cause, purpose, result, condition, and/or concession. Modifying verbs: ■ They luckily bought the tickets to the seats where you can see the artist close to you. (place) ■ When Louis Tomlinson left the stage, everyone left.(time) ■ )Sam Smith sold his song to Celion Dion because he felt that it fit her voice better. (purpose) ■ The artists talked as if he were going to be the one to win the grammy.(condition) Modifying adjectives: ■ Her new album sold twice as much as her previous one. (how much) ■ The artist looks as depressed as the lyrics from his songs. (to what extent)

Modifying adverbs: ■ Kelly Clarkson worked harder than other artists typically did. (condition) Relative Clauses: Dependent clause that begins with a relative pronoun. ○ The singer who earns more streams on Spotify will earn a significant amount of money and recognition. Elliptical Clauses: Adverb clauses in which part of the clause is omitted. ○ When performing, Juan Gabriel dedicates most of his songs to his mother. Essential Clauses: Clauses necessary to the meaning of the sentence. ○ The genre that is at its height this year is clearly Indie Rock. Nonessential Clauses: Clauses that are NOT necessary to the meaning of the sentence. ○ Bon Jovi, who has more than one #1 hit, will be releasing their new album next year.

SENTENCES Sentence – a set of words that contains a subject and a predicate and conveys a statement, command, question, or an exclamation.

Sentence Parts Subject – what/who the sentence is about The writer quickly revised the song before submitting it. Predicate – what the subject does The music producer signed the artist to their music label.

Sentence Types Declarative – a sentence that makes a statement (ends with a period mark) Learning to communicate and lead helps you become a better stage manager. Imperative – a sentence that makes a command (ends with a period mark) Learn how to play an instrument immediately.

Interrogative – a sentence that asks a question (ends with a question mark) Why would you want to become a music producer and not a doctor? Exclamatory – a sentence that expresses great emotion, passion, excitement (ends with an exclamation mark) The concert sold out in 10 minutes!

Sentence Patterns Simple Sentence: A sentence that is just one independent clause. Most artists become famous around the age of 20. Compound Sentence: A sentence with multiple independent clauses, but no dependent clauses - connected by FANBOYS (coordinating conjunctions) or a semicolon (;). The music producer makes the beat, but does not write the song. Complex Sentence: A sentence with one independent clause and at least one dependent clause. Although the writer was offered 10,000 for his song, he chose not to sell it. Complex-Compound Sentence: A sentence with multiple independent clauses and at least one dependent clause. The rock band was not successful, so they chose to become a jazz band and perform in fancy restaurants. Loose Sentence: A sentence that contains an independent clause plus a subordinate construction (either a clause or phrase) with your main point at the beginning. You need contacts to be successful in the Music Industry, no matter how well you play or how hard you try. Periodic Sentence: A sentence in which the independent clause is given at the end of the sentence in order to create interest or generate suspense with the main point coming at the end. No matter how well you play or how hard you try, you need contacts to be successful in the Music Industry. Parallel Structure: A sentence using the same pattern of two or more verbs or ideas that match in tense or structure to show that they are of equal importance and to help the reader comprehend what is being written - this sentence requires symmetry.

Artists who write their own music tend to become more famous, to be more emotional, and to be more aspirational. Balanced Sentence: A sentence where phrases or clauses at the beginning and the end parallel each other by virtue of their likeness of structure, meaning, or length - this sentence requires symmetry. Tour managers spend their days reviewing old concerts and preparing for the new ones. Chiasmus: A sentence that includes a repetition of ideas (words, phrases, or clauses) in inverted (reversed) order - this sentence requires symmetry. Bravo students make the school what it is and it would be nothing without them. Instruments make music possible and it wouldn’t be possible without them. Asyndeton: A sentence that leaves out conjunctions between words, phrases, or clauses for a rhetorical purpose. Artists need to exhibit humbleness, honesty, gratitude. Polysyndeton: A sentence that uses multiple conjunctions in close proximity to each other between words, phrases, or clauses for a rhetorical purpose. Musical Artists need to exhibit humbleness and gratitude and honesty and,most importantly, kindness. Anaphora: A sentence that features the purposeful repetition of a word, words, or a phrase at the beginning of several successive clauses in order to place emphasis and draw attention. For many singers, fame is something they wanted to achieve, while others fame is something that has ruined their lives, but most artists agree that fame has helped them succeed and better their lives. Epistrophe: A sentence featuring several phrases or clauses ending with the same word or words. Most singers spend their nights on stage for concerts, their days practicing for concerts, their breaks on the road to give concerts that sometimes can feel like they do nothing else but concerts.

Sentence Errors

Run-On/Rambling/Fused Sentence – a sentence construction error where two or more independent clauses are connected incorrectly without punctuation. The tour manager wanted the dancers to stand behind the singer they covered her. [WRONG] The tour manager wanted the dancers to stand behind the singer because they covered her. [RIGHT] Comma Splice – a sentence construction error where two or more independent clauses are connected incorrectly using commas The stage manager wanted to stop working on the stage, he needed to check the lighting equipment, they were about to start the concert[WRONG] The stage manager wanted to stop working on the stage. He needed to check the lighting equipment; they were about to start the concert. [RIGHT]

Fragment – incomplete sentence pieces that are not connected to or do not form an independent clause Because he wrote and produced the song [WRONG] Because the composer wrote and produced the song, the recognition only went to him. [RIGHT] Misplaced/Dangling Modifiers – modifiers are words, phrases, or clauses that add description; a misplaced modifier describes the wrong part of a sentence and a dangling modifier is missing the part it’s supposed to modify At a midnight concert, the artist's team gave blankets to the audience that were warm. [WRONG] At a midnight concert, the artist’s team gave blankets that were warm to the audience. [RIGHT] Double Negative – combining two or more negative words in a sentence in a way that is supposed to produce a positive force The musicians knew that it wouldn’t do them no good to eat before the concert. [WRONG] The musicians knew that it would not do them any good to eat before the concert. [RIGHT]

PARAGRAPHS

Paragraphs – a group of sentences that together convey a shared purpose structured around the same topic. Introductory Paragraphs (Introductions) Hook (Lead / Opening Statement) – can begin with the title Anecdotal (Brief story to set the mood and lead the reader into the topic) There have been many conspiracies about the music industry throughout history. Many say that the people who are very successful either come from a lineage and already have the doors open, while others claim that these artists sold their soul to the devil. There is also a sad reality that many of those celebrities who began their career as children were either physically or mentalluy abused, or in some cases both. As a part of the music Industry, there are many dangers that you're exposed to, just like a normal job. Query Based (Question that brings the reader to the topic - avoid second person POV “you”) What is the cost of being involved in the Music Industry? Thesis Statements (the purpose of a piece of writing – usually one sentence in length, but can be longer depending on the purpose – must be something that is arguable) Assertion (claim - a subject + a “so what” about the subject) Dictatorship provides great danger to the person who is being submitted and should not be allowed. Fact (empirically verifiable but often difficult to argue extensively about - better used as evidence to support a claim) As an artist you will have to sacrifice spending time with your loved ones, even on important holidays/dates. Opinion (personal position on a topic) The music industry has downgraded and will continue to do so. Belief (social, religious, or political in nature – an opinion held by many to be a fact, though it is not necessarily factual – often involves a judgement) The majority of the people involved in the music industry have studied music theory. Generalization (uses absolute or statistical pronouns: all, always, every, never, none, most, half – avoid using this type of thesis statement unless citing the

source of the data) Everyone involved in the music industry has committed some type of fault that has been hidden by the media. Document Based (cites a specific source, author, and position on a topic) In Frontline, Callie Taintor states that itunes is the most successful online music store to date by creating nearly $70 million in legal internet music sales. Theory (a statement that can be tested and potentially proven - often answers a research question) There have been many rappers who have done rituals at their concerts, that is why sometimes many people die in a concert. Clarification/Expansion of Thesis (could extend the thesis, preview the evidence supporting the thesis, give the purpose of thesis, establish the importance or significance of examining the intricacies of the thesis – this could be several sentences long) - There have been many artists who have spoken about the dark side of the music industry. Some state that they were approached by someone mysterious, while others state that they have been invited to join a group.(preview of evidence) - The author analyzes the behaviors and actions of the artists in order to prove that many artists would do anything for fame. (purpose of thesis) - This information about artists is crucial, as there have been many mysterious deaths within the Music Industry. (establishing the importance or significance of the thesis)

Body Paragraphs (must have echoes of the thesis in each AND present evidence to support or expand on the thesis) Topic Sentences (must specifically indicate the topic of the paragraph and focus on one subject and/or area of evidence or support – could start with a “Transition of Logic” that connects to the previous paragraph to give context) Overtime, there has been this rumor going around that multiple artists, specially related to Hollywood, have made a pact with the devil. (Now every sentence in this paragraph must be related to the connection between fast food and health) Presenting Evidence from Quotations (quotes should NEVER be used as individual sentences – quotes should be embedded within sentences) ORIGINAL QUOTE – “People are forced to meet serious conditions, worked to the bone, treated like objects, and are constantly objectified and forced to stick to their current contracts ” (BF Bolt 2021).

Many famous musicians state, “People are forced to meet serious conditions, worked to the bone, treated like objects, and are constantly objectified and forced to stick to their current contracts ” (BF Bolt 2021). - “People are forced to meet serious conditions, worked to the bone, treated like objects, and are constantly objectified and forced to stick to their current contracts ” according to several researchers (BF Bolt 2021). - Unfortunately in the Music Industry, “People are forced to meet serious conditions, worked to the bone, treated like objects, and are constantly objectified and forced to stick to their current contracts ” (BF Bolt 2021). Unfortunately for some artists, “People are [horribly] forced to meet serious conditions, worked to the bone, treated like objects, and are constantly objectified and forced to stick to their current contracts ” (BF Bolt 2021). Unfortunately for aspiring artists, “People………forced to stick to their current contracts ” (BF Bolt 2021). Examining the Evidence Paraphrasing (rewording of a quote into other words of the same length without quotation marks, but still citing the source - useful for examining the quote and transitioning to your analysis of the quote) ORIGINAL QUOTE – “Sexual abuse and harassment is "endemic" in the music industry, with "dangerous men" abusing their power,” (Mackenzie 2017). Ex: PARAPHRASE – The music industry is filled with men who abuse their power, who sexually abuse and harass the artists (Mackenzie 2017). Summarizing (condensing larger quotes or sections - useful for closing the examination of the quote/evidence and transitioning to your analysis of the quote) ORIGINAL QUOTE – “Sexual abuse and harassment is "endemic" in the music industry, with "dangerous men" abusing their power,” (Mackenzie 2017). Ex. SUMMARY – The heads of the music industry constantly abuse their power. (Mackenzie 2017). Abstract Examples (hypothetical, “what if” examples that do not refer to a source – AVOID USING THEM AS EVIDENCE – but useful for examining the quote) Ex. People might lose weight if they stopped eating fast food. Artists might stop receiving unfair treatment, if they get together and fight for their rights.

Concrete Examples (actual examples that do refer to a source – useful for enhancing your analysis of the quote) Ex. A study by Harvard University in 2017, states that protests are one of the most effective ways to politically change something. Closing Sentences (must end the discussion of the topic within the paragraph with a transitional or culminating word – possibly an adverb – and should echo the thesis of the essay) Ex. Clearly, There are many dangers in the music industry and unfortunate consequences of becoming part of it.

Closing Paragraphs (Conclusions – should not be mere summaries of the previous paragraphs of your essay) Consequences of Disregarding the Thesis (establishing the potential consequences of disregarding the implications of the thesis – CREATING A COUNTERARGUMENT – could be one or more sentences) Ex.If the great majority of artists disagreed with the terms, this wouldn’t be happening. Unfortunately, many do anything for fame. Statement(s) of Extension (extending the consequences of disregarding the implications of the thesis – could be one or more sentences) Ex. As such, there have been very well known cases of abuse towards an artist, especially on their mental state. Reestablishing the Significance of the Thesis (could be one or more sentences) Ex. Thus, as the Britey Spears case displays, the abuse can come from an artist's own parent- the dictatorship over their child can be held on for a very long time. Final Sentence (closing statement that connects to the hook and finishes the essay (finish your argument) – the “Smoky the Bear”/”Drop the mic”/dot dot dot moment…) Ex. So given all the consequences and struggles associated with the music industry, maybe many who are aspiring to be artists should be more aware of what they could face if they enter this business.

ESSAYS Essays – A written paper that consists of at least 5 paragraphs, that states the writer’s argument, idea, pov, etc.

Types – Explain each type of essay and state its purpose Persuasive (Argumentative): you want the readers to agree with you, so you investigate and get enough evidence to prove your point. Expository (Informative)- Informs the reader of a specific topic and create a topic. Definition or Description-describe/explain a specific topic/idea. Process (How-to):use the subject and create an argument. Compare and Contrast: describe the similarities and differences of two or more specific ideas/topics. Cause and Effect-explain the causes and effect of an important event or occurrence. Analytical/Critical -Analyzes a work of literature and points out the main idea/points. Mainly focuses on the author’s argument, perspective, etc. Evaluative:Write about their opinion/perspective of the argument based on the evidence that was given. Interpretive: interprets the book/article in their own words or ideas, using quotes/phrases from the piece of literature. Mandatory for the author to be given credit. Narrative (Tells a story)- a legend, myth, fiction story, etc. Personal Statement/Anecdote:tells a story in order to provide an important message/lesson. Research: provides evidence, evaluations, results, and arguments about a certain topic. Timed: given a specific amount of time to write an essay that will show the your understanding of a specific subject/topic. Document Based Question (DBQ): Use the given document to write an essay about how it related to an specific historic event/context. Synthesis: gather information from multiple sources to create a new idea, thesis, argument, etc. Strategies/Planning Tips/Steps – Explain how to plan and organize essays and how to analyze and break down prompts. Pre-writing/Prompt Analysis/Outlining: Read and analyze the prompt thoroughly. Identify the main question they are asking and answer it. Write down your ideas and brainstorm them by creating some sort of thinking bubble or list. Create an outline which contains the main topics to create your paragraphs for your essay. Make a thesis out of the information you found. Researching/Evaluating of Sources: With the given topics and ideas, look for evidence to back up your argument. Use some of your background knowledge too, but

be sure to find resources that are credible. Use that information and include it in your essay and relate it to your main topics/ideas. Work Cited Page – Explain and give an example of how to set up a works cited entry in both MLA and APA formats - there are subtle differences between each format, so be sure to identify them clearly. MLA Format: used mainly in research papers, in order to credit the sources you used. Ex: Music Gateway. “Music Promotion: Music Marketing.” Music Gateway, 22 Aug. 2019, https://www.musicgateway.com/history-of-music-industry. APA Format: it is the author-date method when citing the text. Ex: Music Gateway. (2019, August 22). Music Promotion: Music Marketing. Retrieved December 03, 2021, from https://www.musicgateway.com/history-of-music-industry