Shades of green

Toward a Zero Carbon Design Assignment II Environment II

New Design Concept • Design passively retains a stable indoor temperature.

Reduced reliance on HVAC. • Based on precedent Michael Reynolds Earthship concept and National Wine Centre.

2m

N

• Rammed Earth stores a large amount of thermal mass which captures

and

re-distributes

heat to maintain a stable indoor temperature.

Key Ideas • Shading device blocks the summer sun and allows sun through in winter using angled louvres.

• Water

is

managed

and

recycled. Green roof filters grey water and the shade harvests green water using downpipes.

• High

thermal

mass

of

Earth

berm, green roof and rammed earth passively maintains thermal comfort within ASHRAE standards.

• Incorporates recycled wood and aggregate. All Materials have low embodied energy.

Name: Brian Wilson ID: a1686992 Tutor Group: 4

Tutor: Lyrian

Toward a Zero Carbon Design Assignment II Environment II

Existing Conditions

Existing Building • North facing structure with a Skillion Roof • Has a 48m2 footprint in the backyard of a Kensington garden home.

• Glazing on north, south, east and west walls • To have an open living space with a kitchen, a semi-enclosed bedroom with a reading space, and a bathroom

Site and Conditions

New Design Concept

SITE PLAN

• Design passively retains a

Existing Building

stable indoor temperature.

Reduced reliance on HVAC. • Based on precedent Michael Reynolds Earthship concept and National Wine Centre.

Bed and Breakfast 2m

• Rammed Earth stores a large

N

amount of thermal mass which captures

and

re-distributes

heat to maintain a stable indoor temperature.

PERSPECTIVE NEW DESIGN

Key Ideas

• Mediterranean climate of hot

• Shading device blocks the

dry summers and mild wet

summer sun and allows sun

winters.

through in winter using angled

• Sustainable features need to be incorporated to reduce energy costs.

• To be used as a bed and breakfast accomodation for two people.

• 100% occupancy between 6pm and 9 am • 0% occupancy between 9 am and 6 pm • Heating and cooling is turned on for temperatures below 15 and

louvres.

• Water

is

managed

and

recycled. Green roof filters grey water and the shade harvests green water using downpipes.

• High

thermal

mass

of

Earth

berm, green roof and rammed earth passively maintains thermal comfort within ASHRAE standards.

• Incorporates recycled wood and aggregate. All Materials have low embodied energy.

above 25 degrees

Name: Brian Wilson ID: a1686992 Tutor Group: 4

Tutor: Lyrian

Toward a Zero Carbon Design Assignment II Environment II

Existing Conditions

Existing Building • North facing structure with a Skillion Roof • Has a 48m2 footprint in the backyard of a Kensington garden home.

• Glazing on north, south, east and west walls • To have an open living space with a kitchen, a semi-enclosed bedroom with a reading space, and a bathroom

Site and Conditions

New Design Concept

SITE PLAN

• Design passively retains a

Existing Building

stable indoor temperature.

Reduced reliance on HVAC. • Based on precedent Michael Reynolds Earthship concept and National Wine Centre.

Bed and Breakfast 2m

• Rammed Earth stores a large

N

amount of thermal mass which captures

and

re-distributes

heat to maintain a stable indoor temperature.

PERSPECTIVE NEW DESIGN

Key Ideas

• Mediterranean climate of hot

• Shading device blocks the

dry summers and mild wet

summer sun and allows sun

winters.

through in winter using angled

• Sustainable features need to be incorporated to reduce energy costs.

• To be used as a bed and breakfast accomodation for two people.

• 100% occupancy between 6pm and 9 am • 0% occupancy between 9 am and 6 pm • Heating and cooling is turned on for temperatures below 15 and

louvres.

• Water

is

managed

and

recycled. Green roof filters grey water and the shade harvests green water using downpipes.

• High

thermal

mass

of

Earth

berm, green roof and rammed earth passively maintains thermal comfort within ASHRAE standards.

• Incorporates recycled wood and aggregate. All Materials have low embodied energy.

above 25 degrees

Name: Brian Wilson ID: a1686992 Tutor Group: 4

Tutor: Lyrian

Toward a Zero Carbon Design Assignment II Environment II

Construction IMPROVED

ORIGINAL

External Wall

mm

External Wall

Rammed Earth

200

Steel Cladding

Insulation Rammed Earth

50 200

Roof Soil

North Elevation mm

90

Plasterboard

10 1

Roof 200 20

Insulation

140

Membrane

10

Plasterboard

100

100

Timber Batten

10

Plasterbard

Floor

Chipboard Flooring

20

Cavity

50

Insulation Rammed Earth

Cavity Float Glass

100 50 100

West Elevation

Plasterboard

10

Cavity

70

Plasterboard

10

Windows 6

Green Roof Section

Float Glass

East Elevation

6

Reduced glazing on west and east walls.

Door 30

Timber Board

1. Small plants 2. Soil 3. Sand and Membrane 4. Concrete and Plasterboard

1

6

12

Door Timber Board

Concrete

Internal Walls

Windows Float Glass

3

100

100

Internal Walls Rammed Earth

2

10

Floor

Concrete

1. New Shade Structure 2. Rammed Earth Wall 3. Green Roof

3

Steel

Sand Cast Concrete

on west and east walls.

3

Insulation

House Section

Maintains glazing on north wall for views Reduced glazing

30

Materials • New materials have high thermal mass which captures and redistributes heat.

• Wood, and concrete aggregate are assumed to be recycled.

• Locally sourced soil is used for the earth berm, roof garden, and rammed earth walls.

Rammed Earth Walls • High thermal mass. Thickness and density reduces transmission of heat.

• Fireproof, durable, and loadbearing.

• Earth is locally sourced from the site.

• Reduces noise transmission from nearby main road.

Earth Berm

2

Conducts stable earth temp all year round

3

1m

N

4

Green Roof and Earth Berm • Uses earth as a natural insulator to maintain a stable temperature.

• Green roof provides habitat for wildlife and will be the main rainwater collection point.

• Reduces noise transmission from nearby main road.

Glazing • Double Glazing provides added thermal resistance.

• Reduced glazing area by 67% to minimize heat loss • Angled louvres shade windows in summer and allow sun through in winter.

Name: Brian Wilson ID: a1686992 Tutor Group: 4

Tutor: Lyrian

Toward a Zero Carbon Design Assignment II Environment II

Construction IMPROVED

ORIGINAL

External Wall

mm

External Wall

Rammed Earth

200

Steel Cladding

Insulation Rammed Earth

50 200

Roof Soil

North Elevation mm

90

Plasterboard

10 1

Roof 200 20

Insulation

140

Membrane

10

Plasterboard

100

100

Timber Batten

10

Plasterbard

Floor

Chipboard Flooring

20

Cavity

50

Insulation Rammed Earth

Cavity Float Glass

100 50 100

West Elevation

Plasterboard

10

Cavity

70

Plasterboard

10

Windows 6

Green Roof Section

Float Glass

East Elevation

6

Reduced glazing on west and east walls.

Door 30

Timber Board

1. Small plants 2. Soil 3. Sand and Membrane 4. Concrete and Plasterboard

1

6

12

Door Timber Board

Concrete

Internal Walls

Windows Float Glass

3

100

100

Internal Walls Rammed Earth

2

10

Floor

Concrete

1. New Shade Structure 2. Rammed Earth Wall 3. Green Roof

3

Steel

Sand Cast Concrete

on west and east walls.

3

Insulation

House Section

Maintains glazing on north wall for views Reduced glazing

30

Materials • New materials have high thermal mass which captures and redistributes heat.

• Wood, and concrete aggregate are assumed to be recycled.

• Locally sourced soil is used for the earth berm, roof garden, and rammed earth walls.

Rammed Earth Walls • High thermal mass. Thickness and density reduces transmission of heat.

• Fireproof, durable, and loadbearing.

• Earth is locally sourced from the site.

• Reduces noise transmission from nearby main road.

Earth Berm

2

Conducts stable earth temp all year round

3

1m

N

4

Green Roof and Earth Berm • Uses earth as a natural insulator to maintain a stable temperature.

• Green roof provides habitat for wildlife and will be the main rainwater collection point.

• Reduces noise transmission from nearby main road.

Glazing • Double Glazing provides added thermal resistance.

• Reduced glazing area by 67% to minimize heat loss • Angled louvres shade windows in summer and allow sun through in winter.

Name: Brian Wilson ID: a1686992 Tutor Group: 4

Tutor: Lyrian

Toward a Zero Carbon Design Assignment II Environment II

Energy Overview

Annual Energy Usage

for 1 year with heating and cooling on. (gas

system)

turned

on

for

• Cooling (electricity system) turned on for temperatures above 25 degrees.

Performance Summary • Improved building used 124 MJ/m2 (5 star energy rating) • Original building used 502.5 MJ/m2 (0.5 star

MWh

temperatures below 15 degrees.

Annual Energy Usage

Heating 1.4 Mwh

Cooling 0.24 Mwh

1.4

1.4

1.3

1.3

1.2

1.2

1.0

1.0

0.9

0.9

0.8

0.8

0.7

0.7

MWh

• Base case and improved building simulated • Heating

ORIGINAL (heating cooling)

IMPROVED (heating cooling)

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.4

0.3

0.3

0.2

0.2

0.1

0.1 Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

0.0

Jan

Feb

than the orignal design.

IMPROVED

• Embodied

energy

of

rammed

earth

• Rammed Earth constructions can exceed the calculated 40 year life span.

• Embodied energy may be lower than the calculated value as it does not consider the use of recycled aggregate and wood

Jun

Jul

Month

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

ORIGINAL

Annual

(MJ)

Heating Cooling Total Per M2 Life Cycle Energy 40 Years

Annual

(MJ)

893

Heating

4,320

5,062

Cooling

19,800

5,954 MJ 124 MJ/M2 561,356 MJ

Total Per M2 Life Cycle Energy 40 Years

Dec

ORIGINAL

IMPROVED (MJ)

construction is nearly a third of the original design.

May

Embodied Energy

• Improved design maintains a stable indoor heating and cooling.

Apr

Life Cycle Energy

• Life cycle energy (40 years) is four times lower

temperature and reduces the reliance on

Mar

Month

energy rating)

Heating 5.5 Mwh

0.6

0.5

0.0

Cooling 1.2 Mwh

24,120 MJ 502.5 MJ/M2 1,940,738 MJ

External Wall

17%

55,811

Roof

25%

80,685

Floor

21%

68,241

Internal Partition

5%

17,206

Windows

6%

17,846

Doors

0.2%

565

Fitments

14%

45,820

Plumbing

10%

30,386

Drains

1%

4264

Wiring

1%

2423

Total

323,156 MJ

Per M2

6.73 GJ/m2

(MJ) External Wall

28%

273,300

Roof

28%

268,477

Floor

3%

26,496

Internal Partition

0.2%

4,190

Windows

33%

320,018

0.06%

565

Fitments

5%

45,820

Plumbing

3%

30,386

Drains

0.5%

4264

Wiring

0.3%

2423

Doors

Total

Per M2

Name: Brian Wilson ID: a1686992 Tutor Group: 4

975,938 MJ

20.33 GJ/m2

Tutor: Lyrian

Toward a Zero Carbon Design Assignment II Environment II

Energy Overview

Annual Energy Usage

for 1 year with heating and cooling on. (gas

system)

turned

on

for

• Cooling (electricity system) turned on for temperatures above 25 degrees.

Performance Summary • Improved building used 124 MJ/m2 (5 star energy rating) • Original building used 502.5 MJ/m2 (0.5 star

MWh

temperatures below 15 degrees.

Annual Energy Usage

Heating 1.4 Mwh

Cooling 0.24 Mwh

1.4

1.4

1.3

1.3

1.2

1.2

1.0

1.0

0.9

0.9

0.8

0.8

0.7

0.7

MWh

• Base case and improved building simulated • Heating

ORIGINAL (heating cooling)

IMPROVED (heating cooling)

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.4

0.3

0.3

0.2

0.2

0.1

0.1 Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

0.0

Jan

Feb

than the orignal design.

IMPROVED

• Embodied

energy

of

rammed

earth

• Rammed Earth constructions can exceed the calculated 40 year life span.

• Embodied energy may be lower than the calculated value as it does not consider the use of recycled aggregate and wood

Jun

Jul

Month

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

ORIGINAL

Annual

(MJ)

Heating Cooling Total Per M2 Life Cycle Energy 40 Years

Annual

(MJ)

893

Heating

4,320

5,062

Cooling

19,800

5,954 MJ 124 MJ/M2 561,356 MJ

Total Per M2 Life Cycle Energy 40 Years

Dec

ORIGINAL

IMPROVED (MJ)

construction is nearly a third of the original design.

May

Embodied Energy

• Improved design maintains a stable indoor heating and cooling.

Apr

Life Cycle Energy

• Life cycle energy (40 years) is four times lower

temperature and reduces the reliance on

Mar

Month

energy rating)

Heating 5.5 Mwh

0.6

0.5

0.0

Cooling 1.2 Mwh

24,120 MJ 502.5 MJ/M2 1,940,738 MJ

External Wall

17%

55,811

Roof

25%

80,685

Floor

21%

68,241

Internal Partition

5%

17,206

Windows

6%

17,846

Doors

0.2%

565

Fitments

14%

45,820

Plumbing

10%

30,386

Drains

1%

4264

Wiring

1%

2423

Total

323,156 MJ

Per M2

6.73 GJ/m2

(MJ) External Wall

28%

273,300

Roof

28%

268,477

Floor

3%

26,496

Internal Partition

0.2%

4,190

Windows

33%

320,018

0.06%

565

Fitments

5%

45,820

Plumbing

3%

30,386

Drains

0.5%

4264

Wiring

0.3%

2423

Doors

Total

Per M2

Name: Brian Wilson ID: a1686992 Tutor Group: 4

975,938 MJ

20.33 GJ/m2

Tutor: Lyrian

Toward a Zero Carbon Design Assignment II Environment II

Thermal Performance Indoor Temp

Outdoor Temp

Original February (no heating cooling) 45 45

40 40

40 40

35 35

35 35

Temp (0C)

45 45

Temperature (°C)

Temperature (°C)

Temp (0C)

Improved February (no heating cooling)

30 30 25 25 20 20 15 15 10 10

30 30

25 25 20 20 15 15

01 01

02 02

03 03

04 04

05 05

06 06

07 07

08 08

09 09

10 10

11 11

12 12

13 13

14 14

15 15

Date

16 16

17 17

18 18

19 19

20 20

21 21

22 22

23 23

24 24

26 26

25 25

27 27

28 28

10 10

01 01

01 01

02 02

03 03

04 04

05 05

06 06

07 07

08 08

09 09

10 10

11 11

12 12

13 13

Date: Mon 01/Feb to Sun 28/Feb Dry-bulb temperature: 16_Adelaide_SA_CZ0514_12_TMYC.EPW (NO AC.aps)

16 16

17 17

Air temperature: Living Room & Bedroom & Bathoom (NO AC.aps)

18 18

19 19

20 20

21 21

22 22

23 23

24 24

26 26

25 25

27 27

28 28

01 01

Dry-bulb temperature: 16_Adelaide_SA_CZ0514_12_TMYC.EPW (NO AC.aps)

28 28

22

20 20

26

24 24

18

22

20 20

Temperature (°C)

Temp (0C)

16 16

Temperature (°C)

15 15

Date

Original July (no heating cooling)

Improved July (no heating cooling)

14

12 12 10

88 6

18

16 16 14

12 12 10

88 6

44

44

2

00 01 01

14 14

Date: Mon 01/Feb to Sun 28/Feb

Air temperature: Living Room & Bedroom & Bathoom (NO AC.aps)

Temp (0C)

ASHRAE comfort band

2

02 02

03 03

04 04

05 05

06 06

07 07

08 08

09 09

10 10

11 11

12 12

13 13

14 14

15 15

16 16

17 17

Date

18 18

19 19

20 20

21 21

22 22

23 23

24 24

25 25

26 26

27 27

28 28

29 29

30 30

31 31

00 01 01

01 01

Date: Thu 01/Jul to Sat 31/Jul Air temperature: Living Room & Bedroom & Bathoom (NO AC.aps)

Dry-bulb temperature: 16_Adelaide_SA_CZ0514_12_TMYC.EPW (NO AC.aps)

• Improved design and original design simulated

• Passive temperature control achieved through

• Feb ASHRAE comfort range 24 - 30 degrees (based on average maximum temperature of 30 degrees BOM) • July ASHRAE comfort range 19 - 26 degrees (based on average maximum temperature of 15 degrees BOM)

03 03

04 04

05 05

06 06

07 07

08 08

09 09

10 10

11 11

12 12

13 13

14 14

15 15

16 16

17 17

Date

18 18

19 19

20 20

21 21

22 22

23 23

24 24

25 25

26 26

27 27

28 28

29 29

30 30

31 31

01 01

Date: Thu 01/Jul to Sat 31/Jul

Overview for one year with no heating an cooling.

02 02

Performance Summary high thermal mass and design

• Stable temperature range in Summer and mostly within ASHRAE comfort standards • Improved temperature range in Winter, but below the ASHRAE comfort range, • Overall reduced heating requirement in Winter and minimal need for cooling in Summer

Air temperature: Living Room & Bedroom & Bathoom (NO AC.aps)

Dry-bulb temperature: 16_Adelaide_SA_CZ0514_12_TMYC.EPW (NO AC.aps)

Heat Exposure

• Roof is exposed to the most heat.

• Green roof helps capture and distribute the heat.

• A stable temp is maintained as seen in the graphs.

Name: Brian Wilson ID: a1686992 Tutor Group: 4

Tutor: Lyrian

Toward a Zero Carbon Design Assignment II Environment II

Thermal Performance Indoor Temp

Outdoor Temp

Original February (no heating cooling) 45 45

40 40

40 40

35 35

35 35

Temp (0C)

45 45

Temperature (°C)

Temperature (°C)

Temp (0C)

Improved February (no heating cooling)

30 30 25 25 20 20 15 15 10 10

30 30

25 25 20 20 15 15

01 01

02 02

03 03

04 04

05 05

06 06

07 07

08 08

09 09

10 10

11 11

12 12

13 13

14 14

15 15

Date

16 16

17 17

18 18

19 19

20 20

21 21

22 22

23 23

24 24

26 26

25 25

27 27

28 28

10 10

01 01

01 01

02 02

03 03

04 04

05 05

06 06

07 07

08 08

09 09

10 10

11 11

12 12

13 13

Date: Mon 01/Feb to Sun 28/Feb Dry-bulb temperature: 16_Adelaide_SA_CZ0514_12_TMYC.EPW (NO AC.aps)

16 16

17 17

Air temperature: Living Room & Bedroom & Bathoom (NO AC.aps)

18 18

19 19

20 20

21 21

22 22

23 23

24 24

26 26

25 25

27 27

28 28

01 01

Dry-bulb temperature: 16_Adelaide_SA_CZ0514_12_TMYC.EPW (NO AC.aps)

28 28

22

20 20

26

24 24

18

22

20 20

Temperature (°C)

Temp (0C)

16 16

Temperature (°C)

15 15

Date

Original July (no heating cooling)

Improved July (no heating cooling)

14

12 12 10

88 6

18

16 16 14

12 12 10

88 6

44

44

2

00 01 01

14 14

Date: Mon 01/Feb to Sun 28/Feb

Air temperature: Living Room & Bedroom & Bathoom (NO AC.aps)

Temp (0C)

ASHRAE comfort band

2

02 02

03 03

04 04

05 05

06 06

07 07

08 08

09 09

10 10

11 11

12 12

13 13

14 14

15 15

16 16

17 17

Date

18 18

19 19

20 20

21 21

22 22

23 23

24 24

25 25

26 26

27 27

28 28

29 29

30 30

31 31

00 01 01

01 01

Date: Thu 01/Jul to Sat 31/Jul Air temperature: Living Room & Bedroom & Bathoom (NO AC.aps)

Dry-bulb temperature: 16_Adelaide_SA_CZ0514_12_TMYC.EPW (NO AC.aps)

• Improved design and original design simulated

• Passive temperature control achieved through

• Feb ASHRAE comfort range 24 - 30 degrees (based on average maximum temperature of 30 degrees BOM) • July ASHRAE comfort range 19 - 26 degrees (based on average maximum temperature of 15 degrees BOM)

03 03

04 04

05 05

06 06

07 07

08 08

09 09

10 10

11 11

12 12

13 13

14 14

15 15

16 16

17 17

Date

18 18

19 19

20 20

21 21

22 22

23 23

24 24

25 25

26 26

27 27

28 28

29 29

30 30

31 31

01 01

Date: Thu 01/Jul to Sat 31/Jul

Overview for one year with no heating an cooling.

02 02

Performance Summary high thermal mass and design

• Stable temperature range in Summer and mostly within ASHRAE comfort standards • Improved temperature range in Winter, but below the ASHRAE comfort range, • Overall reduced heating requirement in Winter and minimal need for cooling in Summer

Air temperature: Living Room & Bedroom & Bathoom (NO AC.aps)

Dry-bulb temperature: 16_Adelaide_SA_CZ0514_12_TMYC.EPW (NO AC.aps)

Heat Exposure

• Roof is exposed to the most heat.

• Green roof helps capture and distribute the heat.

• A stable temp is maintained as seen in the graphs.

Name: Brian Wilson ID: a1686992 Tutor Group: 4

Tutor: Lyrian

Toward a Zero Carbon Design Assignment II Environment II

Cost Comparison

Water Management Water Consumption Estimation Roof Area

Life Cycle Cost (external wall)

Water Usage Roof Plan 49m2

2 people

Users

Rammed Earth

40 Litres/Day

Indoor Daily Usage

Proposed Tank

Initial cost

15% 2 x 7,000 Litre

N

2m

The green roof collects and filters grey water for for water from sinks.

Water Usage Floor Plan

The shade structure is used to harvest rainwater

Grey Water Tank

for sinks and basins.

•

-Harvests water from green roof. Used in Garden Care and toilet.

2 x 7000 L precast concrete tank is buried in the Earth Berm. (1700 W x 1700 H x 2470 L)

•

Garden is planted with drought resistant plants

Rainwater Tank

that need minimal water. 10L a day is allocated

- Harvests water from the shade structure.

Used in sinks/toilet.

for outdoor use.

•

Uses water efficient fittings. 6 star tap and 5 star sink and toilet which recycles the grey water

Green Roof

from the sink to flush the toilet.

•

The sewage, as required by law is returned to the mains.

•

The tank provides 100% of the water reuired. But the house is still conected to the mains water in case of shortfall.

Steel

1m

N

Down pipes to Rainwater Tank

Black water to sewer

43,435

Initial cost Maintenance

7523

Replacement

NA

Replacement

409

11,040 $55,970

Energy Total

1,173 $57,834

• Initial cost of Timber frame build is lower • After lifetime energy, replacement and maintenance costs Rammed Earth is cheaper • Important to note Rammed Earth will exceed a 40 year lifespan.

Conclusion Mains Water

-Rain water sustains plants. Excess stored as grey water.

Rainwater tank to sinks.

Grey Water Filter

Grey Water from sinks to filter, then tank. To be used for garden.

-Filters water from sinks before stored in tank.

43,435 1505

Total

garden care and toilet flushing. A filter is used •

($)

Maintenance

Energy

•

Timber Frame Plasterboard

10 L / Day

Water in Tank to Start

($)

Insulation

(20 L/Day per person) Outdoor Usage

ORIGINAL

IMPROVED

• Maintains stable temperature through Summer and Winter.

• Minimal heating and cooling required and reduced energy costs (five star energy rating) • Self sustainable in water • Low embodied and life cycle energy • Successfully utilises passive design principles for thermal comfort.

Name: Brian Wilson ID: a1686992 Tutor Group: 4

Tutor: Lyrian

Toward a Zero Carbon Design Assignment II Environment II

Cost Comparison

Water Management Water Consumption Estimation Roof Area

Water Usage Roof Plan

Life Cycle Cost (external wall)

49m2 2 people

Users

Rammed Earth

40 Litres/Day

Indoor Daily Usage

Proposed Tank

Initial cost

15% 2 x 7,000 Litre

N

2m

• The green roof collects and filters grey water for

Steel

for water from sinks.

Water Usage Floor Plan

• The shade structure is used to harvest rainwater

Grey Water Tank

for sinks and basins.

-Harvests water from green roof. Used in Garden Care and toilet.

• 2 x 7000 L precast concrete tank is buried in the Earth Berm. (1700 W x 1700 H x 2470 L) • Garden is planted with drought resistant plants

Rainwater Tank

that need minimal water. 10L a day is allocated

- Harvests water from the shade structure.

Used in sinks/toilet.

for outdoor use.

• Uses water efficient fittings. 6 star tap and 5 star sink and toilet which recycles the grey water

Green Roof

from the sink to flush the toilet.

• The sewage, as required by law is returned to the mains.

• The tank provides 100% of the water reuired. But 1m

N

Down pipes to Rainwater Tank

Black water to sewer

43,435

Initial cost Maintenance

7523

Replacement

NA

Replacement

409

11,040 $55,970

Energy Total

1,173 $57,834

• Initial cost of Timber frame build is lower • After lifetime energy, replacement and maintenance costs Rammed Earth is cheaper • Important to note Rammed Earth will exceed a 40 year lifespan.

Conclusion Mains Water

-Rain water sustains plants. Excess stored as grey water.

Rainwater tank to sinks.

Grey Water Filter

Grey Water from sinks to filter, then tank. To be used for garden.

-Filters water from sinks before stored in tank.

43,435 1505

Total

garden care and toilet flushing. A filter is used

case of shortfall.

($)

Maintenance

Energy

the house is still conected to the mains water in

Timber Frame Plasterboard

10 L / Day

Water in Tank to Start

($)

Insulation

(20 L/Day per person) Outdoor Usage

ORIGINAL

IMPROVED

• Maintains stable temperature through Summer and Winter.

• Minimal heating and cooling required and reduced energy costs (five star energy rating) • Self sustainable in water • Low embodied and life cycle energy • Successfully utilises passive design principles for thermal comfort.

Name: Brian Wilson ID: a1686992 Tutor Group: 4

Tutor: Lyrian