Comp Studio Project by Brian Vieira

Design

Comprehensive stuDio projeCt

TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 Parameterization . . . 02

1.1 Precedent Analysis . . . 04 1.2 Parametric Systems Versioning . . . 10 1.3 Structure, Enclosure, + Comfort Systems . . . 14 2.0 Site Design . . . 20

2.1 Urban Analysis . . . 22 2.2 Site Design . . . 36 3.0 Programming . . . 38

3.1 Dry Lab + Office Analysis . . . 40 3.2 Programmatic Prototypes . . . 42 4.0 Proposal . . . 48

4.1 Plans . . . 50 4.2 Sections . . . 56 4.3 Elevations . . . 60 4.4 Diagrams . . . 62 4.5 Future Use . . . 70 4.6 Rendered Images . . . 74

PARAMETERIZATION

1.1

PRECEDENT ANALYSIS

Double Skin Facades Our initial research took us in the direction of double skinned facades. We found ourselves especially intrigued not just by its thermal properties but by its spatial characteristics. We saw in practice that double skinned facades were mostly associated with their passive properties and because of that were often seen as an extravagance cut for budgetary reasons. We wanted to look at the other characteristics, uses and benefits of double skinned facades as well as expanding into double roofs and their applications. By integrating systems and spatial designs within the double skinned facade we looked to functionalize the facade itself making it an integral part of the building and more than just a mere cladding.

Steel Structure Poured Concrete Steel Angle Catwalk Glazing Connection

1.1 Akademia Mont-Cenis, Herne: Jourda/ Perraudin Outer Roof Structure Grid system of interchangeable panels that can be either glass, to allow light, or photo-voltaic for solar energy as well as acting as a shading technique.

Wooden Structure Structural system of wooden columns, trusses and beams, all held together with metal joints as well as cables. The metal frames for the roof and wall glazing are hung off of this system.

Operable Glass Facade A system of operable glass panels that can be opened to control the micro-climate as well as let in natural lighting.

Base topography and sub buildings. The different buildings housed within the larger shed are designed to be a part of the micro climate created within. 7

1.1 Customer and Administration Building, Ditzingen: Barklow Leibinger Ventilation and Light Chimney Centrally located ventilation and light chimneys allow for air in the interior of the building to be circulated out, allowing fresh air to take its place. The openings also allow light to reach the groundfloor via the open stair cases.

Steel Structure Structural system of steel columns, trusses and beams provide structure to the upper office spaces. The spaces are organized into two bars which are offset by one half level.

Double Skin Facade A dual layered glass curtain wall with operable windows and louvers to allow air to flow inbetween in the summer and traps the air in the winter to insulate the building.

Ground Floor Structure The architect describes the ground floor massing as a trio of crystal formed volumes which contain an auditorium, public lobby, and exhibition spaces.

1.1 KfW Westarkade, Frantfurt: Sauerbruch Hutton Inner Facade A system of floor to ceiling glazing with operable panels to take advantage of the comfort system inherent in the double facade

Building Structure Structural system of reinforced concrete flooring supported by a column grid below, and a floating floor system.

Outer Facade A system of tilted panels that allow light through the larger glazed planes and shades light with the solid smaller panels.

Building Podium The buildings base is constructed in the same manner and houses many of its functions, as well as mitigating the upper wind driven shape and the site conditions. 9

1.1 Climate Analysis

Harsh winter winds

No solar gains

Variable facade allows Custom shading and protection

Harsh Winds

Facade creates buffer, center wall heats space

Extreme Sun Angles

The first parameter we investigated in regards to the double skinned facade was the weather and climate of our site in Boston. The first decision to be made in terms of a double skinned facade is which side of the building is it going to be applied to. Because of this we looked at wind and solar frequency and intensity on the multiple sides of the building. This informed whether the main purpose of the facade was going to be passive heating and cooling or as an insulation buffer. We also looked at the average external temperature to determine if the determining factor of design was heating or cooling control and preconditioning. With this we put together some guidelines for dealing with the North, South and West (also East) orientations.

Facade uses pressure ventilation while shading summer and allowing winter sunlight

Variable Sun Angles

High Solar Gains

1.1 Winter

Average Temp

Summer

Spring

Average Rainfall

Solar Orientation

345°

15°

330°

30° 10°

315°

45°

20° 30°

300° 1st Jun

60° 1st Jul

40°

1st Aug

50°

1st May 285°

60°

75°

70°

1st Sep

80°

1st Apr 270°

90° 1st Oct

1st Mar 255°

105° 1st Nov

1st Feb 1st Jan 240°

225°

1st Dec 120°

135°

210°

150° 195°

180°

165°

1.2

PARAMETRIC SYSTEMS VERSIONING

PERFORM N

E W

PERFORM N

E W

PERFORM N

E W

Parametric 4 By completely divorcing the exterior skin from the interior, the intervening space is no longer viewed as a cavity but as an occupied space with its own unique program within the building.

COST

Parametric 3 In a large enough cavity between two skins the unique opportunity to introduce an intermediate circulation presents itself. Yet, an extensive structural system would be necessary.

COST

Parametric 2 A larger cavity allows for greater air flow. This could be beneficial for hot climates that need extensive natural ventilation. Because the second skin is further from the structure of the building, a more invasive structural system would be necessary.

COST

Parametric 1 A smaller cavity restricts airflow through the space in the summer months. However, it does not require as extensive of a structural system to attach the outer facade, which reduces the overall cost of the system.

COST

Double Skinned Facade

PERFORM N

E W

1.2 Double Roof Structure

Parametric 1: Cavity

Parametric 2: Cavity

Parametric 3: Cover

Parametric 4: Enclosure

This approach provides a thermal break for the building. By lifting the second roof a barrier is created between the structural wall and the exposed wall layer. This is a common practice in residential applications to prevent ice sheds forming from runoff moving over a warm portion of a roof to the unconditioned cool ends.

This approach provides a solar barrier for the building as well as a thermal barrier. The difference between this system and the previous one is that it has a larger cavity space to allow for ventilation between the layers. This ventilation between layers allows for solar gains on the outer layer to be dissipated before the inner layer. Ventilation between the interior and the cavity also provides natural ventilation for the building.

This approach, as before, provides a solar barrier for the building. The ventilation system provided within then can redirect that heat as well as draw hot air up from the building. In addition this structure provides rain water management, shading, and can be used to place solar panels. This approach also provides an additional mechanical space for systems such as photovoltaic. The additional structure is moderate as this becomes an additional story and layer to the building and the cost is more substantial.

The most extreme example is a complete enclose where the roof structure is detached from the building and is used to create a micro-climate within that the usable building occupies. This provides solar protection, shading, ventilation and change how an interior building needs to be constructed. It is the most extreme case and therefore is the most costly in construction and design as in almost all cases it requires an autonomous structural system.

PERFORM

E W

PERFORM

COST

E W

COST

E W

PERFORM

1.2 Parametric Exploration From the previous parametric explorations we moved into exploring these principles in a built environment. We devised eight adaptations of these parameters in order to test them both at a building scale as well as explore their relationship with other systems as well as structure. After exploring these options we distilled our findings into an input matrix that examined the relations of the different parts and systems. This matrix then became a kit of parts that could be referenced as the project progressed. As opportunities and issues arose in the project this became a reference for how to apply the different double skin systems.

1.2 Input Matrix

Option 2

Option 3

Option 4

Option 5

Option 6

Structure

Roof Structure

Facade Structure

Facade Size

Composite

Option 1

1.3

Structure/Enclosure/Comfort Systems

Parametric Exploration The next step in the exploration of double skinned facades and roofs, was to test them at a building scale with multiple bays and orientations. For this several systems were applied to varying sides for many reasons. The main building is two bays wide by three bays long and is steel construction. On the South side there is a traditional double skinned facade that transitions into a semi-conditioned atrium space, and is wrapped up into a double roof with mechanical space. On the West side is a solid operable panel system. On the North side is a semi conditioned air space containing circulation as well as a thermal chimney. Also built into the roof structure are northern facing skylights as well as an occupiable space.

1.3 Parametric Exploration

Mechanical Space Double Roof Double Skin Facade

Solar Chimney Occupiable Space Semi-Permeable Facade

1.3 Exploded Axon/Wall Section

Steel Structure Steel Truss Ribbon Windows Finish Material Air and Vapor Barrier Metal Catwalk

Raised Floor Concrete On Metal Decking Finish Ceiling

1.3 Summer Passive Systems In the summer the buildings passive systems work in cooling mode. The southern double skin works in a traditional way with the roof cavity and wall system heating up and drawing heat up and through the building by heat stack effect. On the north wall the solar chimney heats up air drawing in cool air from the shaded north base level. The roof structure over the atrium has also been sized to shade that space as well as a pergola structure on the roof shading the occupiable space. The catwalks in the double skin also aid in this process as they are deep enough to shade harsh summer sun from the ribbon windows. The building also receives ample day lighting from northern skylights as well as windows.

1) Cool air is brought in from base of facade 2) Service catwalks act as shading 3) Hot air is exhausted from roof cavity 4) Diffused northern day lighting 5) Solar chimney draws air up north cavity 19

1.3 Spring Passive Systems In the spring and fall the main goal of the system is to allow air movement and cross ventilation. Panels on both double skinned facades are operable for air exchange. The ribbon windows on the structural facade are also operable. To allow for this movements where there are not door there are operable clearstory windows between the bays. The angled skylight in the first bay is also operable for exhausting this air movement.

1 4

1) Operable windows on south open to catch winds 2) Air is vented though ceiling 3) Doors and clerestory allow for cross ventilation 4) Operable northern windows vent warm air

1.3 Winter Passive Systems In the winter these systems act in a pre heating mode. The catwalks that were previously used as shading are now closed so that each cavity of the wall heat and that warm air can be drawn into each bay. Also with a lower sun angle the overhangs have been designed to allow for sunlight to reach the concrete inner wall acting as thermal mass which helps regulate the buildings temperature. In this scenario the north facade system no longer acts due to heat stack effect, but now becomes a thick layer of air insulation which protects the facade from harsh winds as well as reduces the required R-value of the structural wall.

4 1

1) Low winter sun reaches center wall 2) Concrete wall acts as thermal mass 3) Diffused lighting from north 4) North wall blocks harsh winds

SITE DESIGN

2.1

URBAN ANALYSIS

Infrastructural Collage The first observation we had of the site was its surrounding infrastructures on all sides. The site at first seemed very disconnected from the pedestrian fabric because of this. Above the site is Commonwealth Ave which transitions into the BU Bridge on the side of the site. Perpendicular to this on the lower level is Storrow drive. On the remaining sides are the mass pike which passes under Commonwealth Ave and an semi-active railroad track for which there are plans for it to be converted into a pedestrian friendly bridge across the Charles.

2.1 Levels Collage The other striking aspect of the site was its multiple levels and datums that exist on the site. As is typical for sites this close to the water the site slopes downward to the Charles. The next level above this is storrow drive which is adjacent to the site. As the grade continues up towards the Massachusetts turnpike which is just slightly higher then the site. Floating above these are two additional levels. The first is the railroad bridge which is above storrow but passes under the BU Bridge. The highest level is Commonwealth Ave which is above the Mass pike and slopes up as it approaches the BU Bridge and passes over Storrow Drive and the railroad bridge.

2.1

UNIVERSITY RD

NT H

RT ST

COMMONWEALTH AVENUE

> 50,000

30,000 - 40,000

40,000 - 50,000

SS AC H

STORROW DRIVE

10,000 - 20,000

20,000 - 30,000

ESSEX ST

< 5,000

5,000 - 10,000

SOLDIERS FIELD RD

AMORY ST

With all the different types of infrastructure surrounding the site we chose to look at them in depth so that the building could react to and work with these systems. First we researched different studies of the major arteries through the site and mapped out the number of cars that drove on them on a daily basis. For simplicity and clarity we averaged numbers from multiple times of the day such as rush hours and from different days of the week. From this it was no surprise that the Mass Pike housed the largest volume of traffic per day, but also that the other roads had a large volume. This drew us to the conclusion that the site was very visible on all sides and set a design agenda to make the building as a beacon and almost as signage for BU.

BU BRIDGE

Volume of Vehicles

PI K

2.1

UNIVERSITY RD

S COMMONWEAL TH AVENUE TU

TF O TH

R ST

> 70dB

60dB - 70dB

50db - 60db

S A C

40dB - 50dB

STORROW DRIVE

30dB - 40dB

ESSEX ST

< 20dB

20dB - 30dB

SOLDIERS FIELD RD

AMORY ST

Since number of cars in not the only factor that defines design decisions, so we also took into account the decibel volume of each roadway. For simplicity and clarity we averaged numbers from multiple times of the day such as rush hours and from different days of the week. What we found in this analysis was that even though there is a noticeable difference in volume of traffic, the decibel level of all the surrounding roadways was fairly close. This set a design agenda that outdoor spaces had to be carefully planned so that they were protected from uncomfortable sound levels while still having a connection to the surrounding infrastructure.

BU BRIDGE

Decibel of Vehicles

Whisper

Quiet Conversation

Average Residence

Normal Office

Electric Razor

Alarm Clock

Lawn Mower

2.1

UNIVERSITY RD

NT H

RT ST

COMMONWEALTH AVENUE

70 mph

50 mph

60 mph

SS AC H

STORROW DRIVE

30 mph

40 mph

ESSEX ST

10 mph

20 mph

SOLDIERS FIELD RD

AMORY ST

The final analysis we researched was the speed in which vehicles drove through and around the site. Again there was not much surprise here as the highest speed was on the Mass pike, with Storrow Drive and Comm Ave coming in at second. With this information we derived design goals based not just on how many people experience the building from each of these roadways but also at what speed they experienced it. Since the view from the Mass pike is the most seen view, but also the quickest glance, its design had to be almost like that of a billboard or signage. On the other hand the view from Comm Ave is at a slower speed so its perception could be more finite with more details of the building shown off to drivers passing by.

BU BRIDGE

Miles Per Hour of Vehicles

PI K

2.1 Elevations of Infrastructure Eluding back to our observations of the multitudes of datums and levels on the site, we felt it imperative to precisely map the elevations of infrastructure. For this we devised an abstract map with all levels based off of standard Boston sea level. With our previous diagrams looking at the character of the surrounding streets this diagram looks instead to map these entities in both the x-y as well as z directions.

24’

9’

9’ 21’

43’

12’

30’

6’

2.1 Street Sections Our next level of analysis was to map out these roadways by looking them in street sections. As we see the BU Bridge contains two way traffic as well as pedestrian and bike zones. Storrow drive has a similar size but does not permit bikes and is divided by a median with pedestrian walks on either side but no connection between. Comm Ave is the most complex with wide sidewalks, as well as multiple lanes, bike lanes and turning lanes for cars all intertwined. The median between also contains pedestrian crossings, green line tracks as well as platforms. The Mass Pike is the largest with a hard median and several lanes on each side with no pedestrian or bike access.

BU BRIDGE 9’-0” Sidewalk

6’-0” Bike Lane

11’-0” Lane

6’-0” Bike Lane

9’-0” Sidewalk

STORROW DR 11’-0” Lane

11’-0” Lane

9’-0” Planted Median

11’-0” Lane

2.1

COMMONWEALTH AVENUE 10’-0” Sidewalk

11’-0” 6’-0” Turning Bike Lane Lane

11’-0” Lane

30’-0” Median with Green Line Tracks

11’-0” Lane

6’-0” 11’-0” Bike Turning Lane Lane

15’-0” Sidewalk

MASS TURNPIKE 11’-0” Breakdown Lane

11’-0” Lane

11’-0” 10’-0” 11’-0” Lane Median Lane

11’-0” Lane

11’-0” Breakdown Lane

2.1 Street Directions We also looked at the directionality of the surrounding streets. Several streets such as Commonwealth Ave, the Massachusetts Turnpike and storrow drive have sperate single direction sides, while most of the side streets as well as the BU Bridge are two directional divided by double yellow lines.

2.1 Intersections Adjacent to the site are also many intersections. Mapped here are those intersections as well as locations of lights. Also mapped out are the number of lanes and the allowable directions of each of those lanes.

2.1 Sidewalk Conditions Mapped here are the sidewalks around the site. Marked on each one is the with of each sidewalk. They are also color coded according to a BU commissioned independent report that evaluated their conditions with green being in good condition, yellow needing some repairs and red being in poor condition.

9’ 9’

10’ 10’ 7’ 9’ 9’ 8’ 8’

22’

10’

13’

15’

10’

10’ 10’

7’ 10’

25’

2.1 Sidewalk Volumes

9’ 9’

10’ 10’ 7’ 9’ 9’ 8’ 8’

3421 22’

15’

119

10’

1202 13’

3506

25’

427

1077

10’

We also took a very careful look at the crosswalks around the site. First we located their locations. The crosswalks that transverse Comm Ave are very particularly placed. We also looked at an independent report commissioned by BU that looked at how many people used each crosswalk on an average day. This showed us that the largest volume of people crossed perpendicular to the BU Bridge right in front of our site. So with the volume of pedestrian traffic and location of crosswalks this became an important point in our building design.

10’

1077

1200

10’ 10’

7’ 10’

2.1 Bike Stations In Boston, especially among the college demographic, there is a major push towards biking and bike friendly transportation and urban design. With this in mind and with our design goal of an active and environmentally friendly building, we analyzed bike accessibility. Mapped in street sections we 10ed roads with identifi bike lanes, and here we looked at location of bike 10racks and their capacity. From this analysis we 10 and felt the campus area had sufficient bike accessibility.

10 4

150

6 6

25 10

2.1 MBTA Radius Since public transit is such a major factor in city transportation we looked at proximity to MBTA Stops. By mapping both a 2 min walking circle and 5 in walking circle we asserted that our site was quite accessible by the MBTA Green Line and that it was also quite visible due to the above ground system.

2.2

SITE DESIGN

Bau Relief Models After compiling this site research we then did a quick series of figure models to map out our agenda for the site. After studying these abstraction and discussing our agenda we set forth a site direction for our design. We wanted to: -Hold the corner of Comm Ave and the BU Bridge -Create an urban gesture and close the building gap on Comm Ave -Connect the various levels through not just the building but a landscape design -Bridge over the highway while allowing the pedestrian a connection to their position in relation to it and the other levels -Hold the perimeter while allowing slipping through and between levels 38

2.2

PROGRAMMING

3.1

DRY LAB + OFFICE ANALYSIS

Initial Research

Academic Buildings Labs (Dry)

Clean Room/Space

General Storage

Dedicated Closets

Clean Room/Space

Electronics Mechanical Labs/Shops Labs General Storage

Lab Access

General Storage

Research Offices Dedicated Closets

Copy Room

File Storage

Conference Room

Faculty Offices Reception Space

General Storage

Departmental Offices Conference Room

General Storage

File Storage

Conference Room

Administrative Offices

Dedicated Closets

Offices

Reception Space

After defining the design scope of the passive and structural systems as well as the site design we looked at program independent of building. Always keeping in mind that a major goal of the project was the future use and transformation of the building we looked at program parameters that would influence that. We chose the program of an academic and dry lab program and mapped subtypes and support programs. From that we created a matrix comparing design and energy demands of these subtypes. We then created prototypical test fits exploring ideal sizes, layouts, and structural bay spacing.

3.1 Typology Matrix

Ratio Administrative Units Departmental Offices Faculty Offices Research Center Electronic and Computer Lab Machine Shop

Lighting

Ceiling Hight

8’ 6” - 9’ 0” 37 fc

9’ 0” - 12’ 0” 37 fc

11’ 0” - 12’ 0” 50 fc

12’ 0” - 13’ 0” 50 fc

Energy Demand

Heating/ Cooling

Daily Use Cycle

Columns

Weekly Use Cycle

Layouts

Open/ Closed

Equipment

Specialty Systems

9.49 BTU/sq-ft

.64 kWh/sq-ft

6.40 BTU/sq-ft 0

9.81 BTU/sq-ft

.71 kWh/sq-ft

6.30 BTU/sq-ft

9.47 BTU/sq-ft

.64 kWh/sq-ft

6.40 BTU/sq-ft

9.62 BTU/sq-ft

.66 kWh/sq-ft

6.70 BTU/sq-ft

High performance HVAC Dust control Flexible outlet locations

8.27 BTU/sq-ft

.79 kWh/sq-ft

7.20 BTU/sq-ft 0

First-Aid Dust control Flexible outlet locations Waste Management

8.99 BTU/sq-ft

.77 kWh/sq-ft

7.00 BTU/sq-ft 0

Key Lighting

Equipment Natural Light

Computers

Artificial Light

Desks

Ceiling Height

Conference Tables

X’ - XX”

Ceiling Height

X’ - XX”

Dropped Ceiling

X’ - XX”

Raised Floor

Laptops File Cabinets Lab Tables Servers

Heating/Cooling Heating Load Cooling Load

Printing Equipment Manufacturing Tools Haz. Waste Disposal

Columns Columns Column Free Layouts Cluster Split Floor Hallway Open/Closed Open office Closed rooms

3.2

Programmatic Prototypes

Administrative Units Often closed plan requires thinner building for natural light on both sides Requires 37 f-c of light, preferably natural light, but artificial also required

8’ 6” - 9’ 0”

10' - 0"

18' - 0"

Clear ceiling height of 8’-6” minimum, if depth of space increases so must height

10' - 0"

OFFICE

11' - 3"

Daily use is typical of a 9 to 5 schedule with a dip during lunch hours

LARGE OFFICE

RECEPTION

Weekly use is concentrated Monday through Friday, with some weekend use

Most common equipment is computers, desks and conference tables Conducive to closed layout due to often private nature of business within offices

FILE ROOM

OFFICE

CONFERENCE

UTILITY 12' - 0"

5' - 0"

6' - 11"

13' - 5"

11' - 3"

15' - 0"

Most often laid out with a common hallway but can be split between floors

OFFICE

15' - 0"

10' - 0"

Modules are configurable around columns

OFFICE

17' - 8"

EXECUTIVE OFFICE

9.49 BTU/sq-ft

5' - 0"

Heat load dominated. Heat load is affected by number of occupants 6.40 BTU/sq-ft and equipment

12' - 0"

Average energy use of .64 kWh/sq-ft.

3.2 Departmental Offices Often open plan allows for deeper building because natural light is not hindered by partitions

EXECUTIVE OFFICE

Modules are configurable around columns Daily use is typical of a 9 to 5 schedule with a dip during lunch hours

Weekly use is concentrated Monday through Friday, with some weekend use Can be laid out in a cluster with common space, along common hallway or split floors

8' - 2"

OFFICE

OPEN OFFICE

CONFERENCE

8' - 2"

OFFICE

10' - 0"

9.81 BTU/sq-ft

4' - 4 1/2"

Heat load dominated. Heat load is affected by number of occupants 6.30 BTU/sq-ft and equipment

8' - 2"

Average energy use of .71 kWh/sq-ft. Due to larger space, height, and glazing

12' - 0"

8’ 6” - 9’ 0”

8' - 2"

18' - 0"

Clear ceiling height of 8’-6” minimum, if depth of space increases so must height

4' - 4 1/2"

Requires 37 f-c of light, preferably natural light, but artificial also required

12' - 0"

Most common equipment is computers, desks and conference tables Conducive to open layout to promote discussion between members of work groups

3.2 Faculty Offices Often closed plan requires thinner building for natural light on both sides Requires 37 f-c of light, preferably natural light, but artificial also required

18' - 0"

Clear ceiling height of 8’-6” minimum, if depth of space increases so must height

8’ 6” - 9’ 0”

10' - 0"

OFFICE

Daily use is typical of a 9 to 5 schedule with a dip during lunch hours

OFFICE

RECEPTION

Weekly use is concentrated Monday through Friday, with some weekend use Can be laid out in a cluster with common space, along common hallway or split floors Most common equipment is computers, desks and file storage

Conducive to closed layout due to often private nature of business within offices

FILE ROOM

OFFICE

CONFERENCE

COPY ROOM

UTILITY 12' - 0"

5' - 0"

6' - 11"

12' - 3"

6' - 11"

12' - 0"

OFFICE

15' - 0"

10' - 0"

Modules are configurable around columns

EXECUTIVE OFFICE

5' - 0"

Heat load dominated. Heat load is affected by number of occupants 6.40 BTU/sq-ft and equipment 9.47 BTU/sq-ft

12' - 0"

Average energy use of .64 kWh/sq-ft.

3.2 Research Center May be a deeper floor plate because of labs and other program not requiring natural light Requires 37 f-c of light, artificial preference for lab uses Clear ceiling height of 9’-0”” minimum, raised floor and drop ceiling allow for lab equipment

9’ 0” - 12’ 0”

Average energy use of .66 kWh/sq-ft. Due to more equipment

Heat load dominated. Heat load is affected by number of occupants 6.70 BTU/sq-ft and equipment Column free preferable due to potential for large equipment and complex arrangements

24' - 0"

9.62 BTU/sq-ft

OFFICE

Weekly use is slightly higher on weekends based on current projects Usually clustered or shared hallway, not split due to need for proximity to lab space

2' - 10"

OFFICE

LAB SPACE

Daily use is typical of a 9 to 5 schedule with a dip during lunch hours 0

OFFICE

CLOSET

12' - 0"

Most common equipment is computers, lab desks and file storage Conducive to closed layout due to often private nature of business within offices

3.2 Electronic and Computer Lab May be a deeper floor plate because of labs and other program not requiring natural light Requires 50 f-c of light, does not require natural light but significant artificial

Heat load dominated. Heat load less due to large amounts of 7.20 BTU/sq-ft electrical equipment

CLOSET

Average energy use of .79 kWh/sq-ft. Due to electrical equipment

12' - 0"

11’ 0” - 12’ 0”

24' - 0"

3' - 0"

Clear ceiling height of 11’-0”” minimum, raised floor and drop ceiling allow for lab equipment

Can be laid out in a cluster with common space, along common hallway or split floors Most common equipment is computers, lab desks, servers and other electronic equipment Conducive to closed layout due to experimental and control needs High performance HVAC Dust control Flexible outlet locations

Requires rooms to be at consistent temperature and humidity as well as dust free

2' - 0"

2' - 3" 2' - 3"

Weekly use is slightly higher on weekends based on current projects

3' - 6"

CLOSET

12' - 0"

3' - 6"

2' - 0"

Daily use is typical of a 9 to 5 schedule with a dip during lunch hours

LAB SPACE

CLOSET

Column free preferable due to potential for large equipment and complex arrangements

12' - 0"

8.27 BTU/sq-ft

3.2 Machine Shop Usually deeper floor plate due to need for larger single floor spaces Requires 50 f-c of light, artificial preference due to required levels

Heat load dominated. Heat load less due to large amounts of 7.00 BTU/sq-ft machining equipment

Weekly use is slightly higher on weekends based on current projects Usually clustered or shared hallway, not split due to needs of special equipment within

12' - 0"

MACHINE FLOOR

6' - 0"

8' - 6"

6' - 0"

8' - 6"

7' - 3"

8' - 0"

24' - 0"

CLOSET

Column free preferable due to potential for large equipment and complex arrangements Daily use is typical of a 9 to 5 schedule with a dip during lunch hours

8' - 0" 4' - 0"

8.99 BTU/sq-ft

CLOSET

Average energy use of .78 kWh/sq-ft. Due to machining equipment

12' - 0"

12’ 0” - 13’ 0”

48' - 0"

CLOSET

3' - 0"

Clear ceiling height of 12’-0”” minimum, raised floor less viable due to equipment weight

Most common equipment is computers, lab desks, machine equipment and disposals Conducive to closed layout due to safety and control needs

First-Aid Dust control Flexible outlet locations Waste Management

Requires waste management as well as increased safety measures

PROPOSAL

4.1

Plans

Site Plan The building is a large bending bar building that holds the extents of the site. The building starts at the end of the pedestrian path and then crosses the highway, holds the corner of Comm Ave and the BU Bridge, then rises up along the BU Bridge. The site plan starts with a plaza at street level that slips under the bar, then it begins shearing and sloping down to several layers such as the pedestrian path, basement level and storrow drive.

4.1 Basement Level Plan The basement level contains both storage and Lab space. On the East Bar there is space for wet labs as well as storage. On the West Bar there is a machine shop with access to a loading and staging area. This level is accessible from a sloped ramp as part of the landscape strategy. Once you enter in here you see a sunken courtyard and light well which brings in light but also allows for changes in perceived elevations by relating the user to another level. Once entering this lobby space you can move to either the East or West elevator bank to access the upper bars.

C A

4.1 First Floor Plan On the Comm Ave level the two bars are disconnected to allow for the plaza and landscape to slip underneath. Located on these levels are dry labs and offices as well as an auditorium on the East Bar and the Main Lobby along Comm Ave. All these spaces are connected by a semi conditioned circulation spin that acts as a double skinned facade and vertical and horizontal circulation.

4.1 Second Floor Plan On level two all the bars are connected by the circulation spine. This level contains labs, offices, as well as common spaces such as lounge and break out spaces. This level also contains the large function space on the south side that can house large conferences and events, and is very visible from the streetscape of Comm Ave.

C A

4.1 Third Floor Plan The third level follows the same logic as the second level. On this level there is also views down into the double height spaces such as the function space and the double height space that anchors the bar at each end of the spine.

C A

4.1 Fourth Floor Plan The fourth floor exists only on the East Bar. It contains the upper level of the sloped atrium and the second level of the anchoring double height space as well as a penthouse office space.

4.2

SECTIONS

Section AA

Section CC

4.2 Section BB

Section DD

4.2

l Assembly, T.Y.P. Wall Section 8” Gypsum Board MTL Stud Batt Insulation Roof System, T.Y.P. 8” Gypsum Board -Waterproof Membrane -Rigid Insulation -MTL Decking -Purlins -Support Truss Roof System, T.Y.P. -Waterproof Membrane -Rigid Insulation -MTL Decking -Purlins -Support Truss

Roof Cap Finish Panel Box Truss Curtain Wall System

Circulation Floor, T.Y.P. -Finish Concret Floor -Concrete on MTL Decking -Metal Support Strut

Roof Cap Finish Panel Box Truss Curtain Wall System

Floor System, T.Y.P. - Finish Floor -8” Raised Floor -Concrete on MTL Decking -Steel Structure -Purlins -Ceiling

Vent

Unitzed Curtain Wall Hanger Support Cable Support Channels

Wall Assembly, T.Y.P. 5/8” Gypsum Board MTL Stud Batt Insulation 5/8” Gypsum Board

Circulation Floor, T.Y.P. -Finish Concret Floor -Concrete on MTL Decking -Metal Support Strut

Operable Wall Panel Curtain Wall Sill Wood Cladding Operable Wall Panel Curtain Wall Sill Wood Cladding

Poured In Place Foundation Expansion Joint Continous Footing

Plaza, TY.P. . -2” Growth Medium -Filter F -1.5” Drainage -Root Barrier -Rigid Insulation

Basement Floor, T.Y.P. -6” Basement Slab -Wire Mesh -Vapor Barrier

Plaza, TY.P. . -2” Growth Medium -Filter F -1.5” Drainage -Root Barrier -Rigid Insulation

4.2

Floor System, T.Y.P. - Finish Floor -8â&#x20AC;? Raised Floor -Concrete on MTL Decking -Steel Structure -Purlins -Ceiling

Vent

Unitzed Curtain Wall Hanger Support Cable Support Channels

4.3

Elevations

Unfolded Elevations The building has two distinct facade, the North Ring (bottom row) and the South Ring (top row). The South Ring is characterized by a two story, double skinned, spine. This acts as a showpiece for the building and is signage for the building and campus. The North Ring contains the buildings circulation. The glass on these surfaces is shaded by vertical louvers that are spaced according to the need for shading.

4.3

4.4

DIAGRAMS

Peel Away Axon

13 14 2 1

10 3

8 5

7 16

13 15

4.4

18 1

19 22

1: Unitized Curtain Wall System 2: Exterior Wall Cover 3: Rigid Insulation 4: Curtain Wall Frame 5: Furring Strips 6: Wood Cladding 7: Metal Decking 8: Cast in Place Concrete 9: Raised Floor Structure 10: Finish Flooring Tiles 11: HVAC Ductwork 12: HVAC Register 13: Gypsum Wall Board 14: Insulation 15: Steel Wall Framing 16: Open Web Steel Joists 17: Structural Steel System 18: Vent with Fire Dampers 19: Unitized Curtain Wall Support System 20: Structural Tension Cable Assembly 21: Suspended Ceiling System 22: Finish Concrete Pour 23: Operable Window

4.4 Construction Diagrams

4.4

4.4 Double Skin Facade Types In our scheme there are three types of double skinned facades each with different design agendas. The first type (green) is a small cavity with a wall behind with a ribbon window that has a mechanical shading device. This is used in areas where we wanted the thermal properties but do not require full glazing, such as labs and office spaces. The second type (blue) is similar to the first type but has full height glazing behind. This is used in atrium spaces where we want to maximize visibility in and out. The third and most common type (red) contains the buildings main circulation. This semi conditioned space acts as a thermal barrier for the building where there is limited solar gains.

4.4

4.4 Summer Climate In the summer the building acts in cooling mode. The South Ring is the thermally active facade in the traditional sense, but is aided by the North facade. 1: The traditional double skin moves the air through heat stack effect, drawing hot air out of the building. 2: Unobstructed bays allow for the movement of air from the North side to the South side. 3: Cool air is intaken from the shaded area on the base of the North side. 4: The North Ring not only acts as circulation but a thermal buffer to the building as well as an intake for cool air.

4.4 Winter Climate In the winter the building operates in heating mode. Both facade systems act thermally but in significantly different ways. 1: The cavity in the South facade is closed and the air heats up and can be drawn into the building. 2: Because of the lower sun angle solar gains reach further into the building. 3: The semi conditioned circulation space adds significant R-value to the building 4: The North facade also protects the building from harsh winds in the winter time.

4.5

FUTURE USE PLANNING

Fixed Elements Plan One of the major drivers of the building is our future use scenarios. To make sure that no matter how our building program changes or adapts, that the major drivers and design objectives would always hold true. To do this we drew our building with just fixed elements such as stair cores, elevators, and structural columns, and mechanical shafts, in order to evaluate its planing. We then organized these elements in a way to define both the circulation spine and areas for expansion. We then looked at public spaces for different programs and evaluated the services they require. By placing these services in certain shafts no matter the way the building is programmed and divided (see next page) the spaces for these amenities have implied location and proximity to services. With these amenities no matter the program the circulation and spine work as they are designed.

4.5 Amenities Matrix

Conference Kitchen

Lounge

Breakout Copy Room Call Room Trash Room Server Rm Restroom Seating Open Retail Game Rm

Atrium

Hot Water Cold Water Electric Data HVAC Elevator Waste Telecom

4.5 Future Use Scenarios

Offices

Dry Labs

Services

Offices Event Space

4.5

Classrooms

Retail

Game Room

LMUs

Offices

Anchors

Services

Food Court

4.6

Rendered Images

Section Perspective

4.6 Lobby View

4.6 Corridor View

4.6 Double Height Space

4.6 Flexible Space

4.6 View from BU Bridge

View From Highway

Night View