Report to the Congress of the United States by the world fair New York 1939-1940 by Bruno Manuel dos Anjos Marques Albano

REPORT TO THE CONGRESS

OF THE UNITED STATES BY THE UNITED STATES

NEW YORK WORLD'S

FAIR

COMMISSION

iCtbrtH

SEYMOUR DURST

IVhen you leave, please leave this book Because it has been said "Ever thing comes t' him who waits Â£:xcept a loaned book."

I (ic?

AVI-RY AR( IIITECTURAL AND FiNE ARTS LIBRARY Gil

TOP Skymour

Dursi Oi

York

I.iukary

REPORT TO THE CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES BY THE UNITED STATES

NEW YORK WORLD'S

FAIR COMMISSION

REPORT To the Congress

of the

United States

the

United States

New

Yorl^

World^s Fair Commission

III

CONTENTS Page

VI and VII

List of Illustrations

United States

New York

World's Fair Commission

Letter of Transmittal to the Congress Letter of the Commissioner General to the Chairman of the Commission ....

Exhibit

A — Detailed

December Exhibit to

31,

List of Disbursements for the Period July 9, 1937 to

50-63

1939

— Detailed List of Disbursements for the Period January

June

1940 64-71

30, 1941

—Progress Report—Pre-Fair Period Exhibit D — Co-chairmen for the Exhibit Themes Exhibit E —The Exhibits of the United States Government Exhibit

1-49

73-81

82 at the

York World's Fair 1939 and 1940

New 83-220

—Progress Report— Interim Period, Winter of 1939-1940 221 223-229 Exhibit G — Murals Used Federal Building 231-236 Exhibit H — Decorations and Furnishings Exhibit — Foreign Governments Occupying Space in Pavilions E, F, K, L, Exhibit

P and Q Exhibit J Exhibit

237

—Films, Short Subjects, Shown

in the Federal Building

K—Entertainment of Distinguished Guests,

1939

—Entertainment of Distinguished Guests, 1940 Exhibit M— Land of Liberty Exhibit N — Reimbursement to New York World's Fair, Incorporated Exhibit 0 — Property Disposition Report Exhibit P — Progress Report — Demolition Period Public Resolution — Number 53 — 75th Congress Public Resolution — Number 90 — 75th Congress Public Resolution — Number 72 — 76th Congress Public Law 40 — 77th Congress Exhibit

239 241-260 261-274

275-286

287 288-290 291

292-295

296 297

298

ILLrSTRATIONS Page Facade of the Federal Building (Frontispiece)

Page Secretary of State Cordell Hull speaking at

Pan-American Day Ceremonies

Court of Peace, from the Terrace of the French

Court of Peace, from the Roof of Unit

Garden Court, from South Foyer Entrance. President

Franklin D.

from the stand Building

King George VI and Queen Elizabeth and

Pavilion

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;

The Facade

their party leaving the Federal Building.

^ III .

The

Roosevelt speaking

front of the Federal

Official Fair

XII

Opening

The Terrace

Garden Court, from Center Exhibits Hall Exit

The Reception Room, Administrative

Commissioner General

Room.

Officeof the Executive Assistant Commissioner Office of the Assistant

North Entrance, Federal Building

March. 1939

The

Exhibits Hall, from the North Entrance

from the South Entrance

Hall,

Carved Glass Seal of United States

Theme Center

Theme

Social Welfare

Example of

Diorama

The Great Mural in (jlreat

Mural

the Hall of the Judiciary

Transportation and Communication Theme. Left Side

Transportation and Communication Theme, Right Side

in the Hall of the Legisla-

Reception Room, Looking South

Room

Dining Room, from Center Showing Marquetry Panel

Garden Court, from North Foyer Entiance.

Postal Diorama, Scene

One

Postal Diorama, Scene

Two

Diorama of Langley

Theme .

Garden Court. Looking North

Sculpture "Benjamin Franklin"

Court of Peace from the Trylon

2')

Court of Peace, from the Momaiiian Pavilion

ions

Theme

104

Foreign Relations Theme, Left Side

106

Foreign Relations Theme. Right Side

107

Theme

Map

S<'nl|)ture

of the

World

and Mural.

I>uil(liiig

nil

Fon-igii l'a\ilioiis.

I'.iiildiiig

nit

()

Internal Proieclion

Internal Protection

Cojist (iuard

Coast Guard Diorama. Scene

Xtiimaled

The Terrace riif

lie

I'fderal lÂťuilding

iilormal ion lioolli. Noi

Dining

lli

loNcr

Moom Lounge

Me(c|)lioti

Boom. Mcai. Looking

Noitli

tection

IntcMiial

Theme.

Left Side

Theme. Pight Side

Diorama. Scetie One

Map

Pro112

of the

Two

niled States

Secret Ser\ ice Diorama. Scene

'M\

110

Theme

Foreign I'avilions.

hoof

100

Sculpture and Mural. Foreign Rela-

Illuminated

Exiiiliits Hall

Field. Virginia

Water Transportation Diorama

from

Sculpture and Mural, Transportation and Communication

Reception Room, Looking North

(iarderi Court,

ture

f lourt

The Exhibits

Commissioner

Internal Protection, One of the Twelve Themes

(iarden

First Floor Plan

Federal Building During Construction Period,

Dining

Commissioner

Office of the

South Entrance, Federal Building

The

Offices

General

of the Federal Building, Looking

North

Dressing 2

Theatre, from the Theatre Balcony

Office of the

of the Federal Building, from the

Finnish Pavilion

Two

IN 11.')

118 I

l'>

120 122

ILLUSTRATIONS

(Cont.) Page

Page

Food Theme, Left Side

188

124

Food Theme, Right Side

189

National Defense Theme, Left Side

126

Theme Sculpture and Mural,

National Defense Theme, Right Side

127

Industry Theme, Left Side

196

128

Industry Theme, Right Side, 1939

197

130

Industry Theme, Right Side, 1940

198

134

Two Phase Diorama,

Trade Theme, Left Side

136

Testing Machine

203

Trade Theme, Right Side

137

Labor Standards Diorama

205

142

Theme Sculpture and Mural, Conservation 206 Theme

Theme Sculpt lire and Mural, National Defense Theme

Field Artillery

Diorama

Coast Artillery Diorama

Theme

Sculpture and Mural. Trade

Theme Sculpture and Mural, Theme

Theme

Social Welfare

Scene

Industry

Theme

Two

194

202

Social Welfare

Theme, Left Side

144

Conservation Theme, Left Side

208

Social Welfare

Theme, Right Side

145

Conservation Theme, Right Side

209

Diorama, Slum Scene

146

Territories Exhibit Panel

214

Series of Four Dioramas, Scene One

148

Showcase, Native Crafts from Hawaii

216

Series of Four Dioramas, Scene Three

150

Showcase, Indian Crafts from Alaska

217

Two

152

The Foyer between the Great

Scene Diorama, Scene One

Halls, 1939.

218

Child Welfare Diorama, Scene One

154

Two

155

The Combat Forces of the United

156

The Powder Room Mural

222

Reception Room, from North Entrance

230

Reception Room, Rear, Looking South

232

Child Welfare Diorama, Scene Veterans' Diorama, Scene

Theme

One

The Foyer between

Sculpture and Mural, Education, Art

and Recreation Theme

the Great Halls, 1940. States

219

Navy 220

158

Education, Art and Recreation Theme, Left

and Photographs, North Ral-

Historic Flags

160

Side

cony Education, Art and Recreation Theme, Right

Great Hall of the Judiciary, Looking Toward 234 the Main Entrance

161

Side

Outdoor Recreation Diorama

166

Diorama IV-A

168

Theme

233

Great Hall of the Legislature, Looking Toward 235 the Main Entrance

Theme

Sculpture and Mural, Shelter

Shelter

Theme, Left Side

172

Dining

Shelter

Theme, Right Side

173

Garden Court Esplanade

210

Theme

Sculpture and Mural, Finance and

The Foyer

276

Credit

Theme

Powder

Room Room

236 238

Terrace

of the Theatre

180

The Theatre, with Scene from Land of Liberty Finance and Credit Theme, Left Side

182

Finance and Credit Theme, Right Side

183

Theme

Sculpture and Mural, Food

Photographs by:

Theme.

sliowing on

Wcw

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;John Towse, New York Acme

Newspictures, Inc.,

New York

280

he Screen

from the Reception

Toward

186

Room. Looking

the Try Ion and Perisphere

Walt Sanders, Black

Star.

Criterion Pholocraft Co.,

New ^ Ork New York

Cover Design and Drawings on Flyleaf Designed and Reproduced by the H(>[)r()(lu('tion Unit of the National \outh Administration for New Ork Cit\ and Long Island.

YII

299

Mil

United Henry

l^tates

New York World's Fair Commission

Wallace'

Chairman, Secretary of Agriculture

Claude R. WickardDaniel C. Roper^ Harry L. Hopkins^

Chairman, Secretary of Agriculture

Jesse Jones^

Secretary

Frances Perkins

Secretary of Labor

Royal S. Copeland" Robert F. Wagner Wallace H. White, Jr James M. Mead^ Sam D. McReynolds^

United States Senator,

United States Senator, Maine

Sol Rloom^

United States Representative,

Commerce of Commerce of Commerce

Secretary of

Secretary

United States Senator,

New York New York New York

United States Representative, Tennessee

James W. Wadsworth

United States Representative,

Matthew

United States Representative.

Merritt

John R. Fleming

New York New York New York

Secretary

United States Cotnmissioners Edward J. Flynn Theodore T. Hayes Charles M. Spofford'Â° .

Frederick Sheffield'' A.

Henry Larzelere

United States Commissioner Executive Assistant United States Commissioner Assistant United States Commissioner

Assistant I nited States Commssioner

Administrative Assistant

Frederick H. Zurmuhlen

Consulting Engineer

Resigned August 19, 1910. Took office August 23, 19 10. Resigned December 23, 1938. ^ Took office January 23. 1939 and resigned August 26. 19 Took oflice September 1 I, 19 10. Died June 17, 1938. ' Appointed January I, 1939. s Died July 10, 1939. Âť Appointed July 2.'S, 1939. '"Resigned as Assistant United States Commissioner May " Appointed May 11. 1910. 1

10.

11.

1910 and appointed as Counsel that day.

LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL August

31, 1941.

TO THE CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES: In accordance with the provisions of Section 8 of Public Resolution No. 53 (75th Cong., Chap. 474, 1st Sess.), the undersigned, as

members

of the United States

New York

World's Fair Commission,

have the honor to transmit to the Congress the accompanying report, including a detailed statement of

all

expenditures, describing the

character and extent of Federal participation in the

New York

World's Fair of nineteen hundred and thirty-nine and nineteen

hundred and

forty.

Claude R. Wickard,

Secretary of Agriculture,

Chairman

Jesse Jones, Secretary of Commerce

Frances Perkins, Secretary of Lalmr Robert F. Wagner, U. S. Senator, New York Wallace H. White, Jr., U. S. Senator, Maine James M. Mead, f S. Senator, New York Sol Bloom, U. S. Representative, New York James W. Wadsworth, U. S. Representative, New York Matthew J. Merritt, T'. S. Representative. Neiv York '.

\II

August

1941

15,

The Honorable Claude R. Wickard, Chairman United States New York World's Fair Commission Washington, D. C.

dear Mr. Secretary: Public Resolution No. 53 (75th Cong., Chapter 474, 1st Sess.) which created the

United States that

New York

World's Fair Commission, as subsequently amended, provided

should be the duty of the Commission to transmit to Congress a detailed state-

ment of all expenditures and such other reports as might be deemed proper. I have the honor to give you the following statement of the activities of the Commission, represented by the Commissioners, to which is appended a detailed statement of all expenditures for the period July

1937 to June 30, 1941.

orga:^ization The organization meeting of the Commission was held on July 23, 1937. At that meeting the Commission instructed the United States Commissioner to proceed with plans for Federal participation in the to approval

New

by the Commission.

At the same time the Commissioner ing in

York' World's Fair, such plans to be subject

New York

established offices in the

City for the use of the Commissioners and their

were occupied until the opening of the Fair on April 30, 1939. also furnished office

Empire State Ruildstaff.

These

offices

The Commission was

space in the Department of Agriculture Ruilding in Washington,

D. C, for the use of the Commissioners and the

staff

during the preliminary period

prior to the opening of the Fair

In order to proceed with the preparation of plans for Federal participation

Commission commenced the organization of meeting of the Commission of July

by the end of 1937 and

23, 1937.

its staff in

New York

tlie

City following the

The organization period was completed

for the balance of the pre-Fair period the staff

remained sub-

The executive and administrative responsibility was lodged in the United States Conunissioner Mr. Edward J. Flynn, the Executive Assistant United States Commissioner Mr. Theodore T. Hayes and tlie Assistant United States Commissioner Mr. Charles M. Spofford. The Commission was fortimate in having Mr. stantially the same.

John R. Fleming of the Department of life.

arranged for and

atl(Mi(l(>(l

tlic

Agricidtiire, act as its Secretary througlioul ils

Commission's

tance to the Conunissioii and the Conmiissioners at Frederick Zurniulilcn was appointed Consulting

[1]

and was of great

iiie(>liiigs

all

liiiu^s.

h]ngin(M>i'

\ngnsl

assis-

1937.

Mr.

he Commission and

[2]

September 1937, Mr. A. H. Larzelere was appointed Administrative Assistant.

At the

same time arrangements were made with the Treasury Department for the exclusive services of Mr. Wilham H. Glennon of the staff of the State Procurement Office (New York) in connection with orders and purchases by the Commission. The Division of Disbursement of the Treasury Department assisted its financial affairs

materially in the organization of

and Mrs. Ada C. Love, Chief of Field Operations, and Mr. Don Her,

New York

Assistant Disbursing Officer of the

administration throughout

its

Office,

existence.

gave

who were

for the

valuable counsel in this

In preparing the exhibits the Commissioners found of experts

necessary to seek the advice

most part retained on a per diem

basis.

Mr. Edward H.

Burdick was appointed Director of Exhibits and served as such from September 1937 to

March

Mr. Eugene F. Savage was appointed as Art Consultant and served

1938.

as such from. September 15, 1937 to February

1938.

In planning the interiors Mr.

Walter D. Teague was appointed Coordinator of Interior Design circumstances which will be more fully outlined below. of the Treasury

Department was entrusted with

all

January 1939, under

Since the Procurement Division

architectural matters in connection

with the building, no architects were directly retained or employed by the Commission, except on specialized detailed work.

made arrangements with

In October 1937 the Commission

Administration whereby

through

its

the Federal Housing

acted as liaison between the Commission and the departments

already established exhibits

office.

The

details arising in connection with

the planning and execution of the exhibits were under the direction of Mr. Joseph

Upchurch, Chief of their Exhibits Section, who devoted much of his time to

this

work

during the pre-fair period.

On May

11,

1940 Mr. Charles

Spofford resigned as the Assistant United States

Commissioner and on that day Mr. Frederick

Sheffield

was appointed

in his place.

With this exception there was no important change in the organization of the Commission during the 1940 Fair period. The necessary secretarial and office staffs were augmented and reduced from time to time as occasion demanded, as was the staff of employees at the building. Schedules listing all the employees of the Commission from its organization, indicating the capacities in which they served, the time they were so employed, and the compenMr. Spofford continued to serve the Commission as counsel.

sation paid, are included in Exhibits

and B.

COXSTRIJCTIOX The Federal Huildintf Under the Act the Commission was given the responsibihty of representing the United States in connection with the Fair, and was directed to exhibit and illustrate "the function and administrative faculty of the Government in the advancement of industry, science, invention, agriculture, the arts, and peace, and demonstrating the

[3]

nature of our institutions, particularly as regards their adaptation to the needs of the

people".

carry out

its

the Comnussion considered

responsibilities,

its

primary

function was to erect a building at the Fair adequate to house the Federal exhibits and

adapted to the various

activities

which were foreseen.

The Exterior In establishing the general plan of the Fair grounds the Board of Design reserved for the Federal Building a site at the eastern

end of Constitution Mall, the main axis of

the Fair, at the far end from the theme center.

and the

scale of the general architectural

scheme of the

At an

portions was thought to be required.

Because of the importance of the

site

Fair, a building of massive pro-

early meeting of the

Commission

was

decided to employ the Supervising Architect of the Procurement Division of the Treasury

Departm.ent for the planning and architectural design of the building, and likewise to place the construction of the Federal Building and

other construction to which

all

Commission funds might be applied under the supervision of the Procurement Division.

The Supervising Architect designated Mr. Howard L. Cheney as architect of the building, and appointed Mr. N. Max Dunning as general representative of the Procurement Division in connection with

The

its

service to the Commission.

general plan for the building was developed

with the Commissioners during the

fall

of 1937

by Mr. Cheney

and was approved

meeting of the Commission held in Washington on January building fronting on the Court of Peace and facing the consist of

and

two great towers, each one hundred forty

fifty-eight feet wide,

10, 1938.

in consultation

in principle at a

The facade

of the

theme center was designed

feet high,

one hundred ten feet deep

connected by a large gallery fronted by a colonnade of twelve

columns between which were placed the

seals of the thirteen original states.

At the outer

extremes of the building on either side were two wings, the south wing housing a motion picture theatre seating approximately three hundred

wing housing on the

first floor

and

fifty persons,

and the north

the Commission offices and on the second floor a dining

room, and kitchen for use in connection with the

official

functions of the Commission.

The entire facade of the building extended a distance of four hundred sixty-foiu' feet. Between the two great towers and in front of the colonnade was a plaza elevated somewhat above the Court of Peace and adapted as a place of assembly and as a rostrum for speakers addressing audiences in the Court of Peace.

Considerable study was given to the design of a hall suitable Lo house the exhibits.

The

architects in consultation with the Director of Exhibits

decided upon a hall of semi-circular design

\vliich

and the Commissioners

would serve to connect the two

gr(Nil

towers and would also enclose a court in which landscaping and planting could be developed. After careful consideration of building materials

porary construction and yet would be adequate^

N\lii('h

would be

appearance and

a(la|)led lor (lurabilil\

tem-

lor the

South l

I'.iitrdticc

i-drral lliiildiiiif

[6]

North Entrance Federal Building

[7]

[8]

Fair period, the Procurement Division

recommended an

exterior finish of stucco

appHed

over a composition wallboard. The structural work, of course, was for the most part steel.

In addition to the expense element

was

felt

that this construction would

harmonize best with the types of building materials employed Since the Commission ahocated certain of

its

in other parts of the Fair.

funds toward the cost of the con-

struction of the group of buildings flanking the Court of Peace

and the Lagoon of Nations

directly in front of the Federal Building, the exterior design of these buildings

placed under the supervision of the Procurement Division.

was

In addition to affording the

necessary protection to the funds applied by the Commission toward the construction of these buildings, the

employment of the Procurement Division

resulted in a complete

unity of design for the entire building group surrounding the Court of Peace, which greatly enhanced the effectiveness of this part of the Fair.

Following approval by the Board of Design of the Fair Corporation of the archi-

and the above

tectural features of the Federal Building specifications for construction

and the preparation of

units,

by the Procurement Division, competitive bids were

advertised for on the general contract covering

all

matters in connection with the con-

and the rough

struction of the building, the landscaping of the garden court,

the interior.

The bids were opened on March

to the low bidder, George A. Driscoll

finish of

and the general contract awarded

22, 1938,

& Company. A complete statement of the amounts

paid to the general contractor for the Federal Building and other contractors under the construction program

contained

Ground was broken

March

Exhibit A.

The foundation work, which by reason

1938.

the soil conditions presented unusual problems, occupied the spring and early sununer

months of

1938.

On June

30, 1938. the cornerstone

was

laid

by the President of the

United States.

During the early stages the construction of the building schedule, owing in part to industrial disputes fall

fell

somewhat behind

and to poor weather conditions during the

and winter months of 1938-1939, conditions over which the Coimnission had no

The building was, however, rushed

control.

and

installed

Exhibit

The

all interiors

to couipletion in time for the exhibits to bo

to be completed prior to the o[)ening of the Fair, April 30. 1939.

contains a more detailed report on construction j)rogress.

design of the two great towers facing the Court of Peace, althougli sim|)Ie

their conception

and design,

called for embellishment

by means of sculptural masses

on the face of each tower fronting on the Court of Peac(\

In conjunction with

llie

Division of Painting and Sciil|)ture of the Treasury Depart menl, the Conuiiission

sponsored a nation-wide compcUition for

he design of

hese gron|)s.

Over 700

d(\signs

were submitted to a jury which included a group of dislinguished sculptors as representatives of the Procurement Division and the Commission.

[9]

H\c winner

\\(>ll

of the

[10]

contest,

Harry Poole Camden, received

five

thousand dollars for

on the basis of the submission for the group design the group for the other tower.

for

his

winning model and,

one tower, he was commissioned to

These groups represented, "Peace" and "Unity."

The runner-up in the sculpture competition was Louis Slobodkin of New York City. Owing to the number and excellence of the submissions in the competition, it was decided to award to the artists whose designs indicated exceptional merit, commissions for other sculpture included in the plans for the Federal

The

and foreign buildings.

plans called for six large animal groups for the niches in the garden court in the Federal

Building and for a series of figures to be mounted on pedestals in front of the units of the foreign buildings facing the Court of Peace.

list

of these sculptors together with a

work and amounts paid them for design and execution of the Exhibit A. The design of certain other pieces of sculpture decorat-

brief description of their

models

included in

ing the exterior of the Federal Building was likewise awarded to artists

who had

entered

submissions in the competition.

The Exhibits In the preliminary discussion of the form which the Federal exhibits should take, it

was felt by the Commissioners that an

effective presentation required a departure

from

the scheme which had been in effect in Federal exhibits at previous expositions.

most cases the Federal

and

staffed

missions.

exhibits

had been planned along departmental

and executed

lines

by the departments themselves with funds allocated by the Federal com-

To make

for

both imity and economy

mission at a meeting held October

w as decided

Government rather than the

various departments and agencies

by the Com-

1937, that the exhibits as a whole should be planned

and executed by the Commission, should be "functional" activities of the Federal

in principle

in character

historical

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;

i.e.

stress the

development of the

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;and should take advantage of recent developments

in exhibition technique.

After lengthy consideration and with the advice of the Director of Exhibits,

was

decided to group the functions of the Federal Government under the following twelve

themes: Social Welfare; Transportation and Communication; Conservation; Finance

and Credit; Industry; Trade; Food; Shelter; Internal Protection; National Defense; Education, Arts and Recreation; and Foreign Relations.

Committees representing

all

the various departments and agencies of the Government were appoinliMi to study and

recommend the manner

of presentation of the individual themes and the linal exhibits

represented the participation of mittees,

who were

all

these committees.

The chairmen

responsibh^ for Ihe basic material that

of these

went into the

com-

exhibits, are

included in Exhibit D.

As the plan of the

exhibits

separate bay or division

was

finally crystalliz(Hl,

Ihe b]xliibits Hall.

[II]

each theme was rej)resented by a

cenhM- ofeach bay

wasa sculptured

Ccnlcr Shouiiifi I he 1' ntnslucciU Sculpture ami I he Revolving Mural Soi

iai

el fare

lirnir

[12]

mass symbolizing the general subject matter of the theme.

Above the

was a revolving mural, the subject matter of which was taken from

sculptural

mass

historic incidents

Flanking the central theme were the exhibits

appropriate to the particular theme.

themselves, consisting of dioramas, charts, transparencies, maps, and models, under

which were illuminated transparencies containing text explanatory of the

The

general scheme of the dioramas and other exhibit materials

representatives of the departments

exhibits.

was pre])ared by the

w ith the advice of the Director of Exhibits and the

text material in the transparencies descriptive of the exhibits

missioners with the assistance of Miss H.

M. Root, Chief

w as edited by the Com-

of the United States Informa-

tion Service.

the

The

sculptural masses which were constructed of a synthetic material, used for

first

time for this purpose in the Federal Building, were lighted from within and

achieved a remarkable first

Revolving murals, which were also employed for the

effect.

time in the Federal Building, were designed and executed by Eugene F. Savage.

detailed description of each

sculptural masses

The

and murals

exhibit material

theme and of the subject matter of each of the

included in Exhibit E.

was designed

in detail

and executed by a number of firms and

agencies selected on the basis of artistic and technical ability to handle the w ork involved.

Ow ing to the all

among nearly among the exhibit

extent and character of this w ork, the contracts w ere divided

of the leading exhibit manufacturers of the coimtry, as well as

shops of certain of the departments w hich w ere adequately equipped for the purpose, including the

Labor.

War Department,

list

the Department of the Interior and the Department of

of the contracts for exhibit material, including a brief description of the

nature of the subject matter,

included in Exhibit A.

In spite of the fact that the completion of the building and hence the installation

somewhat beyond the time originally place and operating on the opening day of the Fair, a

of the exhibits was, as above stated, delayed

scheduled, every exhibit was in result

w hich was achieved by relatively few of the other

exhibitors.

During the interim period between the 1939 and 1940 seasons of the alterations

and replacements were made

changes were made.

All exhibits

some of the

exhibits. aUliough

had been carefully ])reserved during

were entirely ready for the 1940 opening.

Fair, a few

no substantial

this {)eriod

and

Exhibit F contains a brief reference to some

of the precautions taken to preserve the Federal Building and

its

exhibits after the close

of the 1939 season.

Thf* Interiors The main elements interior treatment

of the building, apart from the Exhibits Hall, which requin^l

were the entrance halls formed by the two great lowers.

r(H'ej)li()n

room, the dining room, and the theatre.

The two

great halls were dedicated to the l(>gislative and judicial braiiclu^s of

[13]

lh(>

[II]

Federal Government and were

The decoration lic

lialls

as the Halls of the Legislature

and the Judiciary.

consisted mainly of murals covering the walls facing the pub-

Because of the monumental proportions of the

entrances.

among

of the

known

halls,

the murals were

the largest ever executed, being over 105 feet high and 37 feet wide.

The

designs

were chosen after a competition sponsored by the Commission and the Section of Painting and Sculpture of the Treasury Department. missions,

In the contest there were over 400 sub-

and a jury composed of distinguished

ment Division and

artists,

representatives of the Procure-

of the Commission, selected the design of James

Ow en Mahoney

for

the Hall of the Judiciary and that of George Harding for the Hall of the Legislature.

Each

of these artists

in Exhibit

w as awarded a

prize of ten thousand dollars for his design.

Included

G is a description of each of these murals as well as of the other murals in the

building.

In developing a design for and in providing for the furnishing of the balance of the

room and the dining room, the Commission, in line sponsoring competition, made arrangements with the Society of

interiors, particularly the reception

with

its

policy of

Designer-Craftsmen for a national contest the purpose of which was to draw out. by

means of competition, the most representative examples of American design and manufacture. Under this arrangement the furnishings and decorations were to be supplied by the members of the Society of Designer-Craftsmen and by other participating artists and craftsmen without cost to the Commission. In conjunction with the officers of the Society various programs outlining a scheme of decoration were prepared

and circulated

in July

and August 1938, to designers and

number of submissions were received. It became apparent, however, that while a number of excellent individual designs were submitted, there w ere too few to indicate real competition and many of the manufacturers throughout the country.

As a

result a

designers were not in a position to manufacture the articles required without cost to the

Commission.

Also, a lack of unity

the effectiveness of the interiors.

was evident which

was

felt

would seriously impair

Accordingly, in January 1939, Mr. Walter Dorwin

Teague was appointed Coordinator of Design

for the Conmiission,

j^repare final designs for the interiors, using all submissions

and was directed to

by the Society of Designer-

Craftsmen which had been accepted by the Connnission, and

all

others that were

suitable.

With the cooperation of designers and manufacturers the interiors wore com[)leted in the short space of time remaining and were ready and installed before opening day. While the Commission found it necessary to compensate designers and manufacturers, in

most cases nuich of the

niaterial

was

furnisluHl

on a cost basis and some

im})ortant pieces were either loan(Hl or leased at a nominal (ignre b\ Ihe artist or the

manufacturer.

Appropriate plaques were placed thronglioiil the building identifying

the various participants.

The

reception

stressed historical

room

which distinguished guests of

and patriotic motifs.

tli(>

Connnission were nnnMNcd

either end of Ihe

[15]

room were

|)la('ed

murals

TIh'

a real

ilu' Hull of

nil in

he judiciary

[K,J

The Great Mitral in The Hall of the Legislature

[17]

[18]

[19]

[22]

[25]

[26J

the principal elements of which were vignettes of historical subjects.

Before these

murals stood the bust of Washington by James Earle Fraser and the bust of Lincoln

by Gutzon Borglum, each enlarged

In the center of the

to heroic size.

enlargement of the bust of President Roosevelt by Jo Davidson. feature

was the Great Seal of the United States

and flanked by two large American

room the

In the State dining

Aimee Gorham

among

room stood an

Another impressive

suspended from the ceiling

in glass

flags.

was a marquetry panel designed by

central element

of Portland, Oregon, which illustrated the

theme of peace and unity

nations.

Exhibit reception

contains a brief description of the decorations and furnishings of the

room and

the dining

room and the connecting

In the North Corridor leading from the reception

placed in the

summer

corridors.

room

to the dining

room was

of 1939 a collection of autographed photographs of heads of state

of the world assembled under the auspices of the

New York

State

New York

World's

Fair Commission, which collection was loaned to the Commission for exhibition by

Mr. Ashley T. Cole. In the lower corridor connecting the Hall of the Legislature and the Hall of the Judiciary were placed four panels, representing the territories and dependencies of the

United States

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;^Alaska,

Each panel contained

Puerto Rico, Hawaii, the Philippines, and the Virgin Islands.

a polished copper-faced cut-out

map

of the territory

mounted

against a concave surface painted a pale green which blended with the color scheme of the foyer.

On the concave surface also appeared montage murals of irregular shape depicting

photographic scenes of

combat

in the territories.

life

forces of the United States

The plans

During the 1940 season models of the entire

Navy were shown

in the center of this corridor.

for the building included a garden court, not

poses, but as a place for visitors to the building to rest.

semi-circular Exhibits Hall

and the rear of the cross

merely for decorative pur-

The court was enclosed by the

axis connecting the

The court was decorated with sculptured animal groups

two great

in six large niches

halls.

and with the

seals of the forty-eight states and, as its central feature, contained a large fountain.

The garden proper was

attractively landscaped, planting being changed frequently

throughout the periods of the Fair. in

Benches were provided

for the

comfort of the public

such quantity as the court could acconunodate.

Vorvifftt Buiidinffs In addition to allocating funds for the construction and operation of the Federal

Building and the Federal exhibits, the Conunission allocated the

sum

of $750. ()()() to be

apphcd toward the cost of erecting certain of the buildings housing the exhibits of the participating foreign governnuMits.

The

hrst

bill

which was passed by Congress

providing for participation

the

(11.

New York World's

[27]

.1.

Resolution

'M)\. 7.>th

Fair authoriz(Ml

th(>

Congress)

apj)ropriation

[28]

of $5,000,000, an

sum

amount

calculated to be approximately $2,000,000 in excess of the

From

required for the essential activities of the Federal Commission.

on the

bill

and the Committee reports

the hearings

was apparently intended that the sum of

$2,000,000 was to be allocated to the construction of buildings to house certain of the Provisions for this purpose followed the recommendation

foreign governments' exhibits.

of Mr. Grover A. Whalen, President of the Fair Corporation,

who appeared

Connnittee on Foreign Affairs of the House in hearings on the attention of the tions, it

Committee

was necessary

of Expositions that

government

that,

be recognized by the International Bureau

agree to furnish participating countries free covered space for

exhibits.

was apparently

felt

by the Congress at the time that the

responsibility of providing this free covered space

might properly assume

would have to assume

and brought to the

bill

under the international convention regulating exposi-

in order for the Fair to

before the

was one which the Federal Government

in connection with its participation in the Fair, if

and one which

extensive foreign participation were to be obtained.

Following the President's veto of the

initial bill,

Public Resolution No. 53 was intro-

The appropriation authorized under the Act, as approved, was reduced to three million dollars, but there was continued the provision of the initial bill authorizing the Commission to erect buildings for its own use and "such other buildduced, adopted and approved.

and structures which

ings

will further the trade

and the other nations of the world." fact that at the time

upwards of

participate in the Fair,

many

upon the

fifty

made

belief that Federal funds

mission, at a meeting held February

will

between the United States

After considering this legislative background, the

nations had accepted the President's invitation to

in reliance

that covered space would be

and good

upon the representation of the Fair Corporation

available,

which representation

would be forthcoming 5,

in turn

was based

for this purpose, the

1938, adopted a resolution that in

its

Com-

judgment

trade and good will between the nations of the world would be furthered by the construction of buildings

was allocated

and structures

for the

for the use of foreign

governments' exhibits, and $750,000 This amount was known

purpose of constructing such buildings.

not to be by any means adequate to defray the cost of erecting the required buildings, but it

was

pose.

all

that the Commission could safely allocate from

The balance

of the

amount

by the Fair Corporation from At

its

meeting held February

ments under which the buildings to foreign governments.

its

appropriation for the pur-

required, approximately $750,000, was

made

available

funds. 5,

1938, the

Commission

also authorized the arrange-

in question should be constructed

In accordance with these arrangemenis

contracts, under the supervision of the

and made availabh^ llie

Conmiission

lei

Procurement Division of he Treasury DepartI

ment, to construct specified units of foreign buildings, certain of the materials to be furnished by the Fair Corporation, and

tiie

interior construction

pleted by the Fair Corporation or to be left to the occupant of

and

llie

finish to

be com-

space.

Ui)on completion of these l)nil(nngs the Conunission turned them over to the

[29]

I'air

Corporation which, in turn, leased them to the foreign governments, and, so far as the

Commission was concerned,

fully

assumed the obhgation of maintenance during the 1939

The Commission, in addition to its obligation to demolish these buildings, approved payment to the Fair Corporation for certain maintenance charges connected season.

with their reopening in 1940. In order to protect the architectural unity of the entire Court of Peace group, the

Commission retained the right to approve or disapprove any changes or modifications Likewise, the allocation of space to

of the facades or external features of the buildings.

the foreign governments was subject to the approval of the Commission.

list

of foreign governments occupying pavilions to the construction of which

the Commission contributed units

was under the

ment and

all

contained in Exhibit

jurisdiction of the

contracts were

let

stated, construction of these

Procurement Division of the Treasury Depart-

on the basis of competitive bidding

in the usual

manner.

A schedule showing the various contracts let for the construction of the foreign pavilions is

included in Exhibit A.

The construction

of the foreign pavilions lagged

somewhat behind the construction

and some of the other foreign buildings

of the Federal Building

in the international area.

This arose in part from the fact that under the arrangements above described the responsibility

was to some extent divided between the Commission and the Fair Cor-

poration and in part from delays and changes the buildings.

more detailed report on

made

at the request of the occupants of

their construction progress

contained in

Exhibit C.

OPERATION OF THE FEDERAL RUILDIIVG Public Attendance The

location of the Federal Building was one of

international area which

of the Fair.

commanding importance

was thought by most observers to be the outstanding feature

Fronting on the Court of Peace, which w as the scene of

special events,

and flanked on either

of the Federal Build hig

in the

all

ceremonies and

by exhibits of foreign governments, the location

side

was calculated to attract crowds.

That

from such records as the Commission juahitained with respect

did so

apparent

to attendance.

was

thought impracticable to keep a com[)lete count of public attendance, but, through various checks and spot

was estimated to be

leasts,

the attendance at the Building during the 1939 Fair period

9, ()()(). 000

or approximately 35*%, of the total paid attendance,

during the 1910 period .5,700,000, or approximately a total attendance

both periods of

paid attendance at the represent very

much

Vii'ir.

30*^:^

of total attendance,

1,700,000 or apj)ro\imately

Such attendance"

33%

the h'ederal liuilding

and

making

of the total

believed to

greater attendance" than at any other building of the United States

[31]

[33]

any other similar exposition, and a substantially larger percentage of the ance than in any other such exposition at any Federal Building. in

From

total attend-

the standpoint of public attendance, the Exhibits Hall was, of coiu"se, the

The

central feature.

practicability of the semi-circular design of the Hall

out by the circulation that was maintained at

all

was borne

times.

During the periods of the day when the reception room and dining room were not in use for official functions these

rooms and the

The

were likewise open to the public. tions, including the

galleries

and corridors connecting them

publicity in connection with several of the func-

luncheon attended by the President on the opening day and the

luncheon for King George and Queen Elizabeth on June

10, 1939, attracted considerable

public interest in these rooms.

The garden court was except on very few occasions open to the public. During the middle of the summer it proved to be one of the coolest S|)ots in the Fair grounds and was the subject of much grateful comment. Attendance

motion picture theatre was likewise highly

in the

the opening on June 18, with the

first

satisfactory.

From

showing of "Land of Liberty," and through both

Fair periods to the closing of the Fair, the theatre was

and many thousands were turned away.

It is

thousand people visited the theatre during

filled

to capacity at every showing

estimated that three hundred and

its

operation.

fifty

In connection with the

operation of the theatre, the Commission arranged with the Director of the Pan-Ameri-

can Union for the showing on certain days of the week of films sponsored by the govern-

ments of Central and South American countries.

This feature also proved to be popular

with the public and was appreciated by

of the Pan-American

ticipating governments.

officials

Union and par-

few other historical short films were also shown.

of these short films are listed in Exhibit

The

titles

The Building Staff Upon

the opening of the Fair in both 1939 and 19 10 the Federal Building was in

complete readiness with trained

staffs.

In spite of the large attendance in both years

and many occasions on which the building was crowded to capacity, no serious accident of

any

sort occurred.

This gratifying record was due not only to the planning of the

building to handle large crowds

measure to the

ability

the Commissioners,

and to the

and untiring

who

effort of

careful training of the staff, but in large

Mr. Larzelere, .\dminislrative Assistant to

supervised the details of the actual operations in the Building.

Although the exhibits

wer(^ nol

of a type to

make

necessary or practicable the

attendance by representatives of lUv departments and agencies of the Government as

had been the practice at previous

fairs, it

was nevertheless

felt

that some

answering questions and furnishing information with respect to operation of the Government should be provided.

[35]

th(>

facilities for

building and the

\n arrangement was

(miI(M(v1

into

with the United States Information Service through whose cooperation two information

booths were staffed

employees of the Service and of certain of the departments and

witli

agencies during the Fair periods without expense to the Commission.

Miss Doris L. Kavanaugh, w ho was placed Service,

showed that the

staff

Fair periods and distributed

reports of

charge of this activity by the Information

answ ered many hundred thousands of inquiries during the

many hundred thousands

tions, consisting entirely of official publications of the

The

of items of literature and publica-

Government and

its

departments.

reception of distinguished guests in the Federal Building required the proper

staffmg of the kitchen and dining room.

and estimates were asked from

New York

Since

City.

all

Considerable study was given to the latter

of the important catering and hotel organizations in

would not have been practicable or desirable

for the

Com-

mission to operate a restaurant open to the public or even to the Commission and

its

the problem was essentially one of having a skeleton organization which could be

staff,

present at

all

times during the seasons and which could be augmented on the occasions

of official entertainment.

Arrangements

for staffing the kitchen

were entered into with Martin Sweeney,

assumed complete responsibility under a contract providing for a purchased to be at cost.

for

and dining room

Inc., of

New

managing and

Included in Exhibit

York, whereby that organization

staffing the dining

management

flat

for the 1939 Fair period

fee, all

room and kitchen

payroll charges and supplies

an itemized statement of amounts

paid to Martin Sweeney, Inc.

Due

to the

European War which had been continuing

for

many months

prior to

the opening of the Fair in 1940 and had reached a most active phase immediately prior thereto,

was apparent that the entertainment program

would be somewhat curtailed and on a

less

formal basis.

for the second Fair period

In view of this and with the

made

experience which had been gained in the previous season, arrangements were

operate the dining

Commission.

room and kitchen

Included in Exhibit

facilities at

the Federal Building directly by the

are itemized statements showing the costs of such

operations.

Entertainment of Distinguished Guests The state

and

extensive governmental participation in the foreign, created

not been present to

tlu^

New York

problems and responsibilities for the Commission which had

same degree at previous expositions

After discussion with the State Department and with poration,

was decided thai although

for the reception

World's Fair, both

(lie

in this

country.

ollicials of the

l"'air

Fair Corporation was primarily responsible

and foreign govermncMils, such repn>was nevertheless incunibenl upon he (^)ni-

of representatives of state

sentatives being accredited to the Fair,

[

Cor-

Hf'fcplioii ljO(}/(iii(^

Hootn Hear

\(trlh Sli(nving Orf^alron

[38]

Government, to extend certain courtesies to

mission, as representative of the Federal

the representatives of other governments.

Accordingly

was determined that the

Commissioners and members of the Commission should participate in the various ceremonials in connection with state and foreign participation and the Commissioners did in fact take part in virtually

all

of the ceremonials in connection with such par-

These occasions ranged from informal luncheons during the pre-Fair period

ticipation.

to ceremonies at the formal dedication, re-opening

and state days and other

tion of national

and closing of

like events.

pavilions, the celebra-

Prior to the opening of the Fair

the Commissioners participated in approximately forty-five such events and, during the

two Fair periods,

approximately two hundred occasions, on most of which formal

addresses were delivered.

Commissioner

assist the

Captain) Joseph Colonel

J. J.

in these activities in the 1939 season, Lieutenant

Haskell, U.S.A.,

O'Hare, U.S.A.,

was made

Commanding

In 1940 Lieutenant

his military aide.

Officer of the

(now

army detachment

Camp

George Washington, was of very great assistance to the Commissioner and in both 1939

and 1940 Captain Lawrence McNair, U.S.N., Fair, likewise assisted the

The

liaison officer to the

New York

World's

Commissioner at ceremonials.

courtesies extended

by the Commissioners to distinguished

Federal Building were of various types.

The usual program

visitors to the

for the reception of guests

on national and state days and other special occasions included a

call at

the Federal

Building following military honors which in 1939 were held in the Court of Peace and, in 1940,

upon entering the Fair grounds.

mately 125 such

calls

During both Fair periods there were approxi-

which on some occasions, particularly

of informal receptions.

in 1940,

were in the nature

In connection with national days observed by the foreign com-

missions or state days observed by the governors and state commissions, the Federal

Commissioners on most occasions tendered a reception in honor of the ranking foreign or state

official, in

cases of foreign national days, the ambassador, minister, commissioner

general or a visiting dignitary, and in the case of state days, the governor of the state.

Since the reception

room was

well adapted for large crowds the afternoon receptions on

the foregoing occasions proved to be a very satisfactory

means

of bringing together the

state or foreign groups under the roof of the Federal Building.

several occasions

evening receptions, with an opportunity to see the fountain display from the reception

room, offered opportunities to entertain groups of distinguished guests

manner.

some

less

formal

Likewise in conjunction with national and state days the Conmiission on

occasions, particularly in 1939, entertained at luncheon or dinner in honor of the

ranking

oflicial.

The

guests invited to

tlie

indicated by the state or foreign grou]) to cases the guest izations

and

lists

were also compiled

receptions and dhniers were in large part

whom

the affair was tendered and in

in conjunction

many

with local and national organ-

societies.

The tabulation

iIk^

functions sponsored by the Commission (which are included

[39]

in Exhibits

and L) indicates that during the pre-Fair period the Commission enter-

tained 647 guests at in the

official

kmcheons and dinners and that during the 1939 Fair period

Federal Building the Commission was host to a total of 11,713 people, of which

1.649 were guests at luncheons, 8,542 at receptions

and 1,522 at dinners.

During the

1940 Fair period the Commission was host at the Federal Building to a total of 10,131

w ere

people of which 106

guests at luncheons, 9,364 at receptions and 661 at dinners.

As an indication of the nature and extent of the obligation of the Commission in connection with the extension of courtesy and hospitality to distinguished visitors to the Fair, mention may be made of a few of the guests and groups whom the Commission had the honor to entertain during the Fair period. Among the Federal officials the Commission numbered as its guests were the President of the United States, the Honorable Herbert Hoover, Ex-President of the United States, the Secretary of State, the

Secretary of Agriculture, the Secretary of Labor, the Postmaster General, the Attorney

General and the acting Secretary of the Navy, the Speaker of the House of Representatives

and on two occasions

large delegations

from the Congress, the Commissioners of

the District of Columbia, the Director of the Division of Territories and Island Possessions, the retiring

Governor and the succeeding Governor of Puerto Rico, the com-

Army, the commanding General of the Second Corps Area, the Commandant of the Third Naval District, the Connnander of the Atlantic Squadron and the Commandant of the Coast Guard. manding General of the

First

In connection with the participation of the States, the Commission tendered receptions in honor of the Governors of Arkansas, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Illinois,

Kentucky, Maryland, Missouri, lina,

North Dakota, Rhode

Virginia, the Lieutenant

Island,

Hampshire,

New

Jersey,

York, North Caro-

South Carolina, Tennessee, Utah, Virginia, West

Governor of Michigan and the managers of the

In addition the

Exhibits.

New

Commission received

tiie

res[)ective Stale

entire group of delegates to the

Governors" Convention which visited the Fair following

1939 session in Albany.

its

Distinguished foreign guests of the Conunission included Their Majesties King

George and Queen Elizabeth, the President of Nicaragua, Her Royal Jiiglmess Prhicess

Royal Highnesses Crown Prince Olaf and Crown Princess

Alice of Great Britain, Their

Martha of Norway, Their Royal Highnesses Crown Prince Frederick and Crown Denmark. His Royal Highness Prince

cess Ingrid of Presi(l( (

(

ol'

III

'zccho-Slovakia.

ilnCr of Sliilc of \']]n\ the

Shaikh

Sweden, Ill

broiiglil

ill

Luxemburg, the former

he ex-President of the Dominican Republic, the

Cahincl ollicers and rankirig

officials

including Ihe

he (

of C'anada, (aiba,

Poland. Czecho-SloN akia. Honiania and others.

eonneel ion uilh foreign pari ieipa ion. inililaiN missions lo

Deputy

Maharajah of kapurthala, Ihc Maharajah of Tripura, the

Kliiihhi of Persia.

lielgiiiin.

Felix of

Prin-

;iir.

'.hiefs

I'lie

(

.oiiiniissioii

of Staff of

look greal pleasure

all llie Liiliii

[

in s(>veral

cases wore

receiving these groups

\merieaii eoiinlries. the Chief of Slalf of the

]

Army, the Commander and officers of the British Atlantic and West Indies Squadron, the Commander and officers of the French Fourth Cruiser Division, the cadets of the Argentine training ship La Argentina, the officers of the Canadian ship Brazilian

Skeener, the officers of the Australian ship Perth

international polo team.

The Commission

and the

officers of

the

Cuban Army

also tendered a luncheon to approximately

100 delegates and their wives to the Ninth International Conference on Internal Medi-

and Pharmacy which was held

cine

in 1939

under the auspices of the Government of

the United States.

Apart from the formal reception of guests by the Commissioners, the Federal

make the acquaintFair. The Honorable

Building afforded an opportunity for members of the Commission to

ance of the re])resentatives of the foreign governments at the

Henry A. Wallace, then Chairman of the Commission, in particular took occasion during the 1939 Fair period to pay informal calls on each of the foreign Commissioners and tendered a luncheon American countries at the

in the Federal Building to the representatives of the Latin-

Fair,

Important Special Events On June

this

30, 1938, the first

ceremonies were held at the

day the cornerstone of the Building was

States with addresses

the Governor of

the Federal Building.

by the President of the United

by the Commissioner General, the Chairman of the Commission,

New York and

w ere attended by a

laid

site of

the

Mayor

of the City of

New

large representation of the chiefs of mission at

as the Consuls General of the participating nations in

New

The ceremonies

York.

Washington as well

York.

The Commission

entertained the chiefs of mission and other foreign guests at a buffet luncheon in New-

York

prior to the ceremonies.

April 30, 1939, the Fair,

commemorating the one hundred and

fiftieth

anni-

President of the United States of America and

versary of the inauguration of the

first

of the establishment of the Federal

Government

in the City of

opened by the President at ceremonies directly

New

York, was

officially

in front of the Federal Building in

which representatives of the Commission participated.

Prior to the inaugural cere-

monies the President was entertained at luncheon with the other speakers at the cere-

Mayor and in addition the members of the Commissioners and members of Congress were likewise

monies, including the Governor and the

Diplomatic Corps and foreign the guests of the Commission.

On September

22, 1939,

Pan-American Day was celebrated by ceremonies

in front

of the Federal Buikling at which the Secretary of State was the principal sj)eaker.

The

ceremonies were attended by the governing board of the Pan-American Fnioii, being the chiefs of mission of the

monies

in the

State and the

member

nations.

The address

of the Secretary and the cere-

Court of Peace were followed by a reception

members

honor of the Secretary of

of the governing board in the Federal Building.

[

]

[42]

View from the roof of Building Unit "F" as King George VI and Queen Elizabeth and their party left the Federal Building during their visit to the New York W^orld's Fair on June 10th, 1939

[43]

On October

1939, ceremonies

versary of the adoption by the

first

commemorating the one hmidred and

Congress of the

Bill of

fiftieth

anni-

Rights were held in the recep-

room of the Federal Building, An original counterpart of the Bill of Rights as adopted was loaned for the occasion and addresses were made by The Honorable Henry A. Wallace, then Chairman of the Commission, and by the Honorable Sol Bloom, and tion

others.

stated, the

Commission joined

in the celebration of various other national

and observed numerous occasions by ceremonies and entertainments

state days

Federal Building commemorating

and many other

foreign

and

in the

and state holidays. Army Day, Navy Day

significant events.

â&#x20AC;˘^Land of Liberty^' The plan

of the Federal Building

motion picture theatre nature.

had from the

start included provision for a small

which might be shown pictures of an

historical or patriotic

admirable solution to the problem of procuring suitable film was furnished

by an arrangement with the Motion Picture Producers and Distributors of America under which this group, on behalf of the motion picture industry as a whole, undertook

and furnish to the Commission a

to prepare

film based

upon incidents of American

The outline of the film was prepared by Professor James T. Shotwell of Columbia. The examination of millions of feet of film in order to procure the proper sequences w as undertaken by a staff formed by Mr. Will H. Hays, President of the association, and the actual preparation of the film was under the direction of a group of Hollywood producers headed by Mr. Cecil B. deMille. The film found deserved popularity with the crowds and with the visitors to the Federal Building and could have been shown to many thousands more than were actually privileged to see it. Exliibit contains a more detailed description history,

and drawn

for the

most part from

historical films of the past.

of this film.

OTHER COMMISSION ACTIVITIES Army Eneampment At the direction of the President an army detachment of 400, a navy detachment of 200 and a marine corps detachment of 200 were stationed at the Fair during the greater part of both Fair periods. An encampment was constructed under the supervision of the War Department and was known as Camp George Washington. These detachments participated

and rendered military honors appeared

in tiie

ceremonials arranged by

tlu^

to distinguished visitors to the Fair.

Viur (^corporation

In addition they

Court of Peace at retreat formation and on special occasions put on

The detachment from Camp (leorge Washington cooperated with the Commission on a number of occasions in furnishing escorts in connection with the official ceremonies and functions under the auspices of lie Comexhibition drills and manoeuvres.

[

]

The Army detachment was under the command

mission.

of Colonel (now Brigadier

General) Cortlandt Parker in 1939 and of Lieutenant Colonel Joseph

O'Hare

command

In both years the Marine Corps detachment was under the

1940.

of Lieu-

The Navy detachment in 1939 Lieutenant Commander Edward R. Gardner and in 1940 of

tenant Colonel (now Colonel) Daniel E. Campbell.

was under the command of

Commander W.

Lieutenant

officers in their

These

V. O'Regan.

officers

detachments greatly assisted the Commissioners at the many functions

held in the Federal Building and they, as well as the

contributed also

much

to the success of the Fair

men under their command, not

and of the Federal representation

proved themselves credits in every way to their respective In addition to these detachments, the United States

Camp six

and the other commissioned

George Washington for the

first

only

but

it,

services.

Army Band was

stationed at

and gave concerts

half of the 1940 Fair period

days a week, of which one-half were given on the terrace of the Federal Building.

This band also performed in connection with some of the

official

functions given

the Commission.

W hile

these detachments did not form a part of the Federal exhibit, the

mission, being of the opinion that adequate military participation for the success of the Fair

appropriation the

and

camp and

essential,

for proper Federal representation, allocated

sum of $45,000

and Navy Departments and was

was

for this piu"pose.

applied,

This

sum was

Comboth

from

transferred to the

its

War

understood, toward the construction of the

it is

certain necessary special allowances in connection with

its

operation.

t^an-Amcrican Exhibition In line witli

liie

effort of the

Federal Government to strengthen friendly relations

with Latin-American countries, the Commission s])onsored an exhibition of Latin-

American art \N

New York

City during both Fair periods.

In botii years the exhibition,

hich consisted of works of art from artists representing most of the countries of Central

and South America, was held at the Riverside and much favorable comment both Central and South America. riie

peo})!*'.

bition

llic

The

C-oinmission paid from

Museum and

country and

in this

in a

attracted wide attention

number

of countries in

public attendance in the two seasons was 37.000 its

surn ofSO.ain.TI in 1939 and

apjjiopriation toward [\w expenses of this exhi$."')JI)3.33 in

1910.

Kxtvnnion ot l^ifv of 0'ommiHHion 4 ol

lie

decision lo continue

Directors of the

I'air

and State governments.

llie

iNew York

l^iir

another season was made b\ the Hoard

Corporation, after consultation with representatives of ;is

well as with re|)resent,atives of the Federal

after seeking the NieusoC the President.

[

th(^

City

Government, and

he President expreSvSed himself as strongly in

1.6 1

favor of continuation of the Fair, believing that as the war forced a diversion of atten-

from the arts of peace

tion

upon them

attention focused desirable

in foreign countries it

became more important to keep pubhc

United States.

in the

also felt

important and

from a national standpoint that foreign participation, which had made the

Fair of 1939 the most representative international exposition ever held, should, so far as possible,

be continued tlirough the Fair of 1940.

end the President issued a

this

proclamation asking the participating governments to continue their participation for 1940.

To make

possible the continuation of Federal participation, appropriate legisla-

tion (Public Resolution No. 72, 76th Cong. Chap. 199, Third Session)

sum

the additional

was enacted and

The Commission had

of $275,000 appropriated for this purpose.

estimated that this amount would be required, in addition to such amounts as might be necessary to winterize and rehabilitate the Federal Building, to carry on

and to wind up

its affairs, for

its activities

the purposes of maintaining the foreign shelter pavilions

over the winter and of putting them in readiness for the 1940 Fair period, and thus

make

possible the continuation of a representative foreign participation, particularly

from

Due

Latin- America. after the Fair

to the fact that the final appropriation

had reopened, the Commission was not

in a position to

such maintenance of the foreign shelter pavilions in the sary amounts therefore were paid

completion of

its activities

first

its

having

until

pay the cost of

instance and the neces-

Upon

by the Fair Corporation.

and the assurance of

was not assured

the substantial

funds for the

sufficient

purpose, the Commission approved reimbursement of the Fair Corporation to the extent of $40,735.67 for

Commission.

its

expenses in maintaining the foreign pavilions constructed by the

itemized statement of such proposed

As the 1940 Fair season drew to a impossible to perform

close the

payment

Commission

included in Exhibit N.

realized that

would be

obligation to demolish the foreign pavilions constructed

its

within the time limit prescribed in Public Resolution No. 53, as theretofore extended,

without imposing a real and very serious hardship on

pying space in them.

Due

their respective countries

many

of the foreign nations occu-

to the war, their representatives were unable to retiu'u to

much

of the property in their pavilions which

had been

imported under Custom bond and for the same reason their funds for the winding up of their affairs

had been so

drastically reduced

necessary persons for this work.

Any

was impossible

insistence

for

them to employ the

on the Commission's part on the

observance of their obligations to vacate would,

in tlie

strict

Conunission's opinion, have

destroyed nuich of the good-will and friendly relationship built up over the two Fair periods. sion)

Af)})ropriate legislation (Public

Law No.

40, 77tli Cong.,

was therefore adopted to extend the Commission's

substantial expense

lif(^

Chap.

75, First Ses-

for a further period.

was incurred thereby, and, by delaying the contracts

for the

demoli-

tion of tbo foreign pavilions a considerable net saving to tlu^ Conunission resulted.

[1.7]

DEMOLITION Distribution of Property By

the end of the 1940 Fair season

became apparent that

the provision of

Pnbhc Resohition No. 53 requiring the sale of all material in the Federal Building were carried out the Commission would realize but an insignificant portion of its real value. Therefore, as authorized by Public Law No. 40 all of this material was distributed to other branches, agencies or departments of the Federal Government. tains

Exhibit

con-

an itemized statement of such distribution and a valuation of the property involved.

Demolition The

contracts for the demolition of the Federal Building and of the foreign shelter

and

pavilions

for the

removing of the

to lowest bidders in each instance.

The Commission

sible for considerable financial savings

owner of the

sites

and grading of their

piling

sites

Consulting Engineer was repon-

during these operations, both by inducing the

not to require the removal of

all pilings

and by recommending the

rejection of all the first bids on the demolition of the foreign pavilions prices of scrap this

established.

The

and second-hand material.

work was $8,300 Exhibit

were awarded

compared with the

total cost to the

due to the

Commission

original reserve of $35,000

rising

for all of

which had been

B contains the names of the contractors employed and the amounts

paid to each and Exhibit

sets forth in greater detail the progress of the demolition

work. I^

rom

dosing of the Fair, the Commission occupied space through the coiu'tesy

liie

of the Post Oflice .

Department

reduced staff was engaged tions

and u inding up

the

Morgan Annex, New York, N.

Y., where

its

much

supervising the demolition work, liquidating minor obliga-

its affairs.

FIXAXCIAL SUMMARY Of \N ill

he $3,275,000 appropriated for the Commission, approximalely $161..500.00

be covered back into the IVeasury and proper! y to the value of $293,532.98 has been

distribiiled lo oilier goverinnental agencies,

lo account for all expendilures

made, a

shown

cxfM'nses and piixioll will be the

page

17. iind

he p;i\ni( nls

i'oi

encumbrances.

all

1ÂŤ

aniicipaled that the

he Fair ('orporation, referred to above on

he printing of Ihis report.

[

It is

fcpoil in addilion lo iniscellaneous office

lhal

|>ii\rn(iil I

In order fully

su|)pl(>m(Mital or linal linancial report nuist be

pre[)ared sid)se(|uenl lo the licjuidalion of

onl\ jjawMciils wliicli will be

branches and departnienls.

]

CONCLUSION In concluding this report to the Commission

wish on behalf of myself and the

Assistant Commissioners to express appreciation of the service of the entire staff of the

Commission during the trying period of planning and construction, during the very active seasons of the Fair interest in

and during the tedious demolition time.

and enthusiasm I feel

their

for the success of the Federal participation, the results

achieved would have been impossible.

such results,

Without

some are of

While

it is

more properly

for others to appraise

special significance.

Most observers agreed that the Federal Building represented the best in contemporary American art and architecture. The exhibits themselves gave a clear portrayal of all the manifold functions of the Federal Government. All of this is shown to some extent in the pictures in this report. But the national importance of Federal participation in the Fair is reflected in the unprecedented numbers who entered the Federal For these millions

Building.

Government and

this experience

added to

their loyalty

to their knowledge and appreciation of

its

and respect

for their

functions as affecting their

daily lives.

The financial results of the activities of the Commission speak for themselves, but it must be recalled that these results were entirely due to the care with which the personnel was selected and the desire on the part of such personnel to make the administration of the Commission's affairs as economical as

was consistent with the nature of the

enterprise.

The

efforts that

were made to further the trade and good-will between this country

and other nations are at the moment to a war.

I feel,

however,

much was

large

measure over-clouded by the present

accomplished, particularly

among

the nations in this

hemisphere, toward a better understanding of our mutual problems and a better realization of

what our respective governments and peoples were

to accomplish.

interested in

hopeful that even in the case of nations

now

and were

strivhig

war something was

accomplished which in the long run will prove of real and lasting value.

Respectfully submitted,

EDWARD

FLYNN,

United Slates Commissioner.

[49]

EXHIBIT A DETAILED LIST OF DISBURSEMENTS for the period July 9, 1937 to

December

31, 1939

Total payments to December 31, 1939

$2,771,582.59

SUMMARY OF ALLOTMENT ACCOUNTS $228,877.59

Personal Services Supplies and Materials

7,002.79

Communication Services

7,604.10

Travel Expenses

12,721.60

Transportation of Things

1,063.76

Printing and Binding

6,689.57

Photographs, Blue Prints and 3,065.33

Photostats

Advertising and Publication of 339.15

Notices Electricity Service,

Gas and Water

8,01

.57

16,766.60

Rents Alterations Special

and Repairs

8,715.27

and Miscellaneous CurrenI

Expense

8,530.31

178,017.37

Exhibits

Entertainment of DisLinguishod 58,388.88

(hiesls

E(|uipm(

iil

86,187.45

Purchased

Miiildingsâ&#x20AC;&#x201D; Federal iiuilding

1.105,160.42

SheMcr Buildings

734,407.83

l-'orcigri

$2,771,582.59

[50]

PERSONAL SERVICES employed by the Commission with titles, rate and amounts paid from the beginning of operations to December 31, 1939

List of all persons

Rate Per

Name Edward

Flynn

Title

Annum

From

.Commissioner General

.$10,000

7-14-37

12-31-39

$10,839.87

Exec. Ass't Commissioner

7,500

7-15-37

12-31-39

18,458.33

Assistant Commissioner

7,500

11- 4-37

12-31-39

16,187.50

Theodore T. Hayes

Charles

SpofTord

Frederick H. Zurmuhlen Stanley

Adolphus H. Larzelere,

8-30-37

9-18-39

12,316.06

3-23-38

6-30-38

548.87

4,800*

9- 1-37

12-31-39

9,553.93

3,600

5-23-38

10-15-38

1,430.00

3,200

5-16-38

9-27-38

1,171.61

3,200

9-16-38

6- 2-39

2,282.90

3,200

5-16-38

6-15-39

3,466.58

Architectural Coordinator

3,200

3- 1-38

4-30-38

533.32

Architectural Coordinator

3,200

2- 8-38

11-15-39

5,670.96

Administrative Assistant Assistant to the Commissioner.

Charles E. Durr, Jr

Ass't to Consulting Engineer

Oscar Goldschlag

Ass't to Consulting Engineer

Greenwald

Robert D. Tyler

Robert M. Wagner Sidney

Feurstein

PhiHp Click Charles L. Rosney Cecil R.

Wood,

Paid

6,000

Assistant to Commissioner

Arthur Perles

Leshe

5,200

.Consulting Engineer

Quinn

Total

Draftsman

.Projectionist

3,100

6-15-39

10-31-39

1,188.27

.Projectionist

3,100

6-13-39

10-31-39

1,171.05

Projectionist

3,100

6-14-39

10-31-39

1,179.66

.Chief Projectionist

3,100

6- 2-39

11- 2-39

1,300.21

.Electrician

3,100

5-24-39

10-31-39

1,351.88

11-15-39

1,481.04

Herman Heinz

.Electrician

3,100

5-24-39

Arthur E. Kell

.Electrician

3,100

5-24-39

11-15-39

1,481.04

Wilmot T. La Forge

.Electrician

3,100

6- 1-39

10-31-39

1,291.60

Electrician

3,100

5-24-39

11-15-39

1,481.04

3,000

1-17-39

12- 4-39

2,648.97

2,900

7-19-39

10-15-39

700.82

Martin Jensen

John

Radice

Martin L. Fitzpatrick

E. Malcolm Angell

Rene Louis

L. AUio S.

Jr.

12-31-39

1,897.67

6-15-39

368.32

2,500

5- 1-39

11- 9-39

1,306.46

2,500

1-19-38

9-17-39

4,152.88

Carpenter

2,.300

5-16-39

9-24-39

822.01

Carpenter

2,.300

10-16-39

12-31-39

479.15 1,102.39

.Ass't

Summers

4-27-39 4-25-39

.Secretary

Mary Stewart French Thomas E. Maloney Thomas E. Maloney Murphy

D. Edward

2,800 2,600

to the Commissioner

Owen

Crawford

Charles

Painter

.Maintenance Engineer

Thomason,

Catherine Reale

John

.Superintendent

Sullivan

Ass't to the Commissioner

2.300

5- 9-39

11- 1-39

Mechanic

2,000

5- 8-39

5-20-39

72.23

Chauffeur

1,920

12-31-38

12-31-39

1,920.00

,800

6- 1-38

.5-12-39

1.708.01

1,800

7-19-37

12-31-39

1,110.00

1,620*

8- 1-38

12- 6-39

2,138.52

Ass't to .

Maintenance Engineer..

William

Keating

Cora Thayer Cornell Filomena

Gerrato

Carol R. Lock wood

Stenographer

,620

5-25-39

6- 5-39

180.78

Stenographer

,620

5-26-39

11- 8-39

864.33

[51]

PERSONAL SERVICES

(Cont.)

Rate Per

Name Marjorie

Menzies

Junie R. Pearce

Ethel R. Peterson

Marie Rumane

Betsey A an Pelt Smith

Scirah Louise Snell

Alarv Rita Hoffman

Helen Jean Brown

Baldwin

Anthony Caldi

Raymond J. Callahan. Thomas H. Carroll James

P. Connolly

Bernard H. Gilhooly,

Jr..

Edward T. Kane

Albert F. Kinsella

Patrick

Edward

Mulligan.

Rogan

Edward W. Tubman

Max

Weiss

Frodorifk F. Cordes.

De Matteo

Alfred

Sam

Kelly

James E. Devlin

John

(ioldberg

James

Hale

II.

Thomas J. Keenan Thomas H. Kerr

lulward

hoclic

I!liz;ib<

MiMrcd

Mary

( i.

TlifTf'Sji

Hogarl .

10-31-39

$1,095.46

12-31-39

3,353.66

Stenographer

1,620

4-10-39

10- 9-39

808..36

Stenographer

1,620

6-16-38

8-11-39

1.870.04

Stenographer

1,620*

8-25-37

11-20-39

3,531.37

Stenographer

1,620

1-24-39

3-15-39

234.00

Stenographer

1,620

4-17-39

10-31-39

873.00

Stenographer

1,500

3-24-38

7-11-38

433.32

Stenographer

1,260

2-16-38

2-14-39

1,201.70

Guard

1,200

5- 2-39

11-15-39

646.40

Guard

1,200

4-28-39

6- 9-39

139.38

Guard

1,200

4-21-39

6-15-39

183.33

Guard

1,200

6-15-39

11- 5-39

469.39

Guard

1,200

4-21-39

11-10-39

665.73

Guard

1,200

5- 4-39

11- 8-39

615.94

Guard

1,200

5- 2-39

11- 9-39

626.41

Guard

1,200

4-14-37

11-17-39

710.75

Guard

1,200

4-22-39

12-31-39

830.00

Guard

1,200

5- 2-39

11- 8-39

623.08

Guard

1,200

4-28-39

12-31-39

721.66

Guard

1,200

4-13-39

11-11-39

694.32

Guard

1,200

4-21-39

11-10-39

659.07

Guard

1,200

4-21-39

11-16-39

685.73

Janitor

1,200

4-18-39

11-17-39

699.78

Janitor

1,200

4-18-39

650.23

Janitor

1,200

4-21-39

12-31-39

833.33

Janitor

1.200

4-18-39

1-17-39

699.78

Janitor

1,200

4-18-39

1-16-39

696.15

Janitor

1,200

1-18-39

11-11-39

679.78

Janitor

1.200

5- 3-39

1-15-39

612.83

Janitor

.200

1-22-39

12-31-39

830.00

1.200

1-20-39

12-31

836.66

Mel )('ritii)l

l-28-3<)

9-30-39

510.00

1,200

7-39

652.16

.200

5- 2-39

11-15-39

616.10

1.200

1-18-39

1- 2-3*)

649.91

liarwoinan

1.200

1-25-3*)

2-.3<)

624.77

Charwoman

1.200

l-lÂŤ-3<)

2-39

1.200

1-18-39

1-17-39

699.78

1.200

5- 3-39

11-1.5-39

612.83

1-25-39

11-16-39

()7I.M

C.hai wotnaii ( 1

-.39

1-22-39

Mvirigslf)n.

Mann

3-39

1.200

(

Ki<'rnan.

Paid

6- 5-38

Janllor

1,620* 11-29-37

11,620*

Mar^ard

Total

From

Stenographer

Angeline E. Alonahan.

David

Annum

Title

'hilt

woni.'in

l.2(Âť()

[52]

()

19.78

PERSONAL SERVICES

(Cont.)

Per Total

Rate

Name

Title

Marie G. McGrath Catherine Miller.

Grace A.

Naylor

Anna Anna

Schempp

Charwoman Charwoman Charwoman Charwoman

Annum

From

$1,200

4-24-39

11-16-39

$675.02

1,200

4-20-39

11-11-39

672.48

1,200

4-18-39

10-31-39

643.33

1,200

4-18-39

11-17-39

699.78

1,200

4-23-39

5-27-39

116.67

Matron

C. Miller

Louis Glantz

Ass't to

Thomas McDonald

T Tft n

Maintenance Engineer..

Paid

1,200

4-27-39

4-28-39

6.67

900

6-19-39

9-15-39

290.00

OfiO

8-26-37

2-18-38

518.35

ORO

2-11-38

11- 4-39

1,869.18

ORO

2- 1-39

11- 7-39

829.50

200

4-29-39

11-16-39

657.14

Catherine E. Byrnes Barrett

Mary I. Harnett Thomas F. Kennedy Harry W. Cross Technical Services

Clerk a t p n Tn

lA/

LlWlllO

Fed. Housing Admin. W' ^Knincf r»n Peter Bitterman

Edward H. Burdick Henri Chabanne

JUU.I11|J OU.I11

T ,iaic:on

John

,inrritiTi(T

r^TiQii

1 1"

o T» t

l»T'Pr*tr\T riT H vrnriifLa c i-'HcL.'HJl yJL J_liAlllJJl 1

-Lid.m.l&L

dpc

v^Ull&U-lLcUll

Jr.

90 00 pel r\Ar HiAm ^u.uu tiieiii

5- 1-39

5-31-39

569.09

1-.38

6-30-39

4,133.23

9-14-38

12-30-38

1,080.00

1-16-39

5- 1-39

800.00 3,020.35

90 H r\PT* ZiU.OO pCl

f\ 1

£»m U.lt'lll

9- 8-37

3-31-38

^o.wu pel

ciiein

9-10-38

11-21-38

50.00

Director of Entertainment

1.00 per year

Ass't to the Commissioner

10.00 per diem .

Consultant Landscape Architect

0 pel iioui

Clerk

Arthur Perles

Ass't to the

Barnet Phillips

Consultant to the

Besearch Worker

Commissioner

Commission

4-26-38

9- 1-38

1,600.00

11- 1-38

10-31-39

1.00

4- 1-39

5- 1-39

300.00

11-14-38

9-30-39

571.11

11- 1-38

10-31-39

1,500.00

9-30-37

144.40

1,500.00 thi-u Fair in 1939

Mary March Theresa Mayer J.

V^WllLldL

annum

90 00 npv *iU.uu pel rliPm tiieiii

Fanning

Alfred Geiffert,

900 npr

AGl fTTl

George Davidson

Mack Davis Allen W. Elliott

t'\

(lonrrliTiptor of Tntprinr 1

Eugene Braun

7.28 per

diem

9- 1-37

4.50 per

diem

4-24-39

10.00 per diem

1-16-39

6-30-39

360.00

20.00 per diem

9-1 1-38

12-15-38

520.00

4.50

Paul A. Bichmond

Exhibits Technician

12.00 per diem

6- 5-39

9-30-39

108.00

Eugene

Art Consultant

20.83 per diem

9-15-38

2-28-38

354.09

9-16-37

6-30-39

53,337.43

Savage

United States Treasury Pro-

curement Division Designer

Architect

Cost Basis

1()T\L *Ratc at end of period shown.

[53]

$228,877.59

TOTAL EXPENDITI RE

TRANSPORTATION OF THINGS

from the beginning of operations to December 31, 1939

for each phase of personal service

Administrative Office Expenses.

Maintenance Service

Moving

of office equipment

—Miscellaneous

Shipments

836.26

Total

$91,262.35

227.50

$1,063.76

— Federal

Building

43,997.22

Architectural Services

Special

Technical

diem basis or

PRINTING AND BINDING

78.778.86

Services

Letterheads and envelopes

(per

Invitations, cards

14,839.16

special rate)

$1,424.79

and envelopes

2,790.66

Mimeographed and multigraphed copy. Total

$228,877.59

891.60

Broadsides

1,170.18

Addressing and Binding

84.66

Miscellaneous Reprinting

SLTPPLIES

AND MATERIALS

327.68

(car stickers, tickets, etc.)

Total

iVIiscellaneous supplies including office

$6,689.57

§2,840.39

supplies, gasoline, etc

Building Maintenance Supplies

4,162.40

Total

$7,002.79

PHOTOGRAPHS, BLUE PRINTS AND PHOTOSTATS Photographs

COMMUNICATION SERVICES

Blue Prints (including photostats)

Telephone Service

741.10

2,324.23

$6,.338.58

Telegraph and Messenger Service

453.89

Postage Stamps

811.63

Total

Tolal

$3,065.33

$7,604.10

ADVERTISINC;

AND PUBLICATION

OF NOTICES TRAVEL Advertisements Hcimhursciiicnl

oik hers lor

Expenses including

Transi)orlalioii Mills (Fares)

Hire of aiilofnohile Toll

lir

Long

kcis

1,679.17 5!{2.51

(iiii'luding

subway and

Island Mailroad lickds)

liil<

tiir;il

Toli.l

con-

$ 2,952.13

KLKC KICn Y I

Services

AINl)

(;AS (Service)

422.50

I'rociirctncnl DivisionTraveliiK i«lfiilal

lo \r<

building

$339.15

struction bids

Travel

(iictn

inviting

$7,600.93

I<:ieclricity

410.64

(Jas

4,138,26

Tolal

$12,724.60

[54]

$8,011.57

SPECIAL AND MISCELLANEOUS

RENTS Rental of Offices

CURRENT EXPENSES

—^Empire Stat e Build$13,291.05

ing

Garage Rental

635.50

Equipment Rental

Window Cleaning— Federal

Building

2,840.05

267.00

State Offices Press Clipping Service

Total

$16,766.60

77.63

Storage and miscellaneous petty ser2,185.28

vices

Fire

Alarm Boxes and Service

255.00

Broadcast recordings

55.00

Exterminating Service

97.50

Cleaning of Uniforms

191.35

Emergency Medical

ALTERATIONS AND REPAIRS

788.42

Waxing and Polishing Floors Empire

Services for the

general public injured in the Federal

Alterations

—Empire State Building Of$7,934.27

fice

Automobile Repairs Office

Building

Equipment and Repairs

Repairs

—Federal Building Total

100.00

Miscellaneous U.

50.63

tration Costs

201.13

Waste Removal

3,965.53

—Federal Building.

Total

$8,745.27

[55]

Treasury — Pro—Office Adminis-

curement Division

559.24

547.60 $8,530.31

EXHIBITS List of all Contracts for Exhibit Contractors

Amount of

Contract

No.

Contractor's

Name

NYFa

Eugene F. Savage

NYFa

Diorama Corp.

NYFa

V ictor

Gardner Displays Co.

of America

NYFa NYFa

NYFa

M. Clark

Quaker Ridge Road,

Twelve Revolving

Ossining, N.

Murals—Exhibits

Four Sculptural Masses

Long Island

Exhibits Hall

N. Y.

New

Exhibits Hall

York, N. Y.

Four Sculptural Masses

Long Island

Exhibits Hall

Dioramas

Theme

Gardner Displays Co.

42-50 21st Street,

City,

Inc.

New York

Dioramas

—Internal

Protection

—Education, Ar

New

& Map — Internal

The Displayers

167

NYFa NYFa

V. Roxor Short, Inc.

Westbrook, Conn.

Maps

Ivel Corporation

509 West 56th

Dioramas,

New

New 16

Wenner

J. J.

N^ Fa

Jcnicr

NYFa

\Iessmore& Damon. Inc

|-^xhibi(s

i)is|)lays

and

Co.

id.

York, N. Y.

St.,

York, N. Y.

.NYFa

395-121 Broad Ave.,

104-408

W. 27th

Display

NYFa

.')0

NYFa

.')

(

)ispla

(

'<».

.").')

I'a

7}()

)rix-l )iir><'a. Iin

XirH-rican Slon' l'!(|iiipiii)-iil

(

4,650.00

Trans.

York, N. Y.

Mural Mechanisms

'.orp.

Diorama— Food Diorama

Houte One liroad Ave,

h:xhibit

nidgcficld, N.

Finance

J'last

New

.1.

91st SI.,

York, N. Y.

240 Madison \\

New N^

Theme

1,130.00

9,430.65

12,083.77

'IMieme

3,000.00

Food Th(>ine

3,460.00

3608 Warren Street,

315

;»Tl)aulcl-.Ja('t;('r

LalM>ralories. fnr.

NYFa

etc.

Social Welfare

St.,

I>hiladelphia, Pa.

.Icriirr l^xliihils

12,975.00

1947 Broadway,

\rl Cralt

I'lillftilioiisc

1,695.00

—Trade Theme

& Comm. Theme Dioramas & Map — Food & Finance & Credit Theme

York, N. Y.

1,000.00

Protection

New

N(!w York, N. Y. !.'»

Theme

Model of Steamer

liidgofield,

Clark

\1.

64th Street,

15,400.00

36 East 12th Street,

New NYF;i 20

Theme

Recreation

NYFa

21,530.31

Diorama

York, N. Y.

etc.

Five Themes

525 West 26th Street,

114,669.86

Sections

Maps, Dioramas, N. Y.

185 So. Columbus Ave.,

Sons

Ad-Pro Displays,

City, N. Y.

30,000.00

—Five

2701 Bridge Plaza North,

Marchand

30,000.00

42-50 21st Street, City, N. Y.

$47,376.00

30,000.00

Four Sculptural Masses

Mt. Vernon,

NYFa

City,

1947 Broadway.

Long Island

Hall

2701 Bridge Plaza North,

Long Island

NYFa

Y'.

Contract

of Construction

America

Diorama Corp.

Type

Address

.30

nil

Cn>dil

1.331.00

Siniuialed Foods

Food Theme

3,800.00

Transparencies

I'lnic,

York, N. Y.

190.30

lUx kefeller IMaza.

New

York, N. \.

[

]

Transparency Cases

16,558.50

EXHIBITS List of all Contracts for Exhibit Contractors (Cont.)

Amount of

Contract

No.

NYFa NYFa

NYFa

Name

Contractor's F.

Lawrence Babcock

Baldwin Southwark

Paschall Post Office,

Universal Testing

Corporation

Philadelphia, Pa.

Machine

Jenter Exhibits

Copy

York, N. Y.

War

D. A. #3

Dept. of

D. A. #4

Dept. of Interior

Req. 179

Scientific

for Transparencies

Route One Broad Ave.,

Displays Panels Territories

4,375.00

Map, Diorama, TransWashington, D. C.

parencies

Washington, D. C.

Dioramas,

and Accessories

Co.

etc.

12,600.00

Washington, D. C.

Theme Dioramas, etc.. Theme National Defense

27,350.00

Washington, D. C.

Eight Dioramas 7,200.00

2701 Bridge Plaza N.,

Supporting and Rotating

Long Island

Machine

City,

N. Y.

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;Conservation

Diorama R-540

Pathe News,

R-659

Inc.

35 West 45th

New Lawrence Babcock

York, N. Y.

New

Drix Duryea, Inc.

54 East 57th Street,

R-808

Pathe News,

35 West 45th

R-822

Drix Duryea, Inc.

New

108

Pathe News,

Inc.

Akims

l^roducts Co.

142

Messmore&Damon, Inc.

York, N. Y.

Drix Duryea,

Inc.

104

York, N. Y.

4/29/38

Diorama Corp. America

17.30

Film Prints

20.00

One Transparency

10.00

Pressed

Wood

Letters

16.00

Film Prints

30.00

14th Street,

York, N. Y.

West 27th

Signs

2.00

Street,

N. Y.

Twelve Transparencies

192.00

54 West 57th Street,

New

One Transparency

28lh Street,

New York, R-924

240.00

St.,

York, N. Y.

New R-902

Transparency Copy

35 West 45th Street,

New R-883

York, N. Y.

New R-848

650.00

54 East 57th Street,

New Wroughton Sign Co.

Film Exhibits

9 Rockefeller Plaza,

Associates

R-827

1,650.00

St.,

R-697

Inc.

23,848.00

Industry

Food Theme Engineering

$750.00

405.00

Ridgefield, N. J.

Department of Dept. of Labor

Contract

9 Rockefeller Plaza,

New

the Interior

D. A. #2

of Construction

Associates

Displays Co.

D. A. #1

Type

Address

York, N. Y.

One Transparency

22.50

2701 Bridge Plaza N.,

Long Island

City, N. Y,

[57]

Theme Model

350.00

—

EXHIBITS List of all Contracts for Exhibit Contractors (Cont.)

Amount of

Contract

No.

Contractor's

Name

Diorama Corp.

9 '23/38

America

1 1

28 38

Rehabilitation of

Long

Theme Model

Island City, N. Y.

1428-30 Church St., N.W.,

Inc.

Washington, D. C.

Riverside

Museum

17 39 Architectural

and

Scientific Associated

II 39 Decorative Plant Co., Inc.

4/14/39

St.

George Motion

Picture Sup. Ltd.

Md.

103rdSt.,NewYork,N.Y.

Exhibition

2701 Bridge Plaza N.,

Supporting and Rotating

Long Island

City,

9/21/39 Albert M. Shoemaker

2,226.72

New

and Screens

York, N. Y.

875.00

130 West 46th Street,

Cabinets and

New

Transparent Screen

York, N. Y.

185.00

Miscellaneous Repairs

York, N. Y.

and Exhibits

621.78

Mural Mountings

856.97

Street,

York, N. Y.

Thorny croft

1,400.00

Machine

N. Y.

Decorative Plants

New LO

1,350.00

6,818.71

228-232 Fifth Ave.,

Messmore&DamonJnc. 404 West 27th

15/39

Sculptural Masses

Pan American Art

4/14/39 Messmore&DamonJnc. 404 West 27th Street,

$450.00

Post Office Model

Riverside Drive,

New L(J

Ten

Contract

5447 Jonquil Ave., Baltimore,

3 13 39

of Construction

2701 Bridge Plaza N.,

Lombard & Ludw ig

28 38 B. Lewis Keyes, Jr.

Type

Address

Drawings

Apts.,

Scarsdale, N. Y.

for

Photo625.00

li]nlargements

TOTAL

EQUIPMENT

ENTKRTAINMKM OF DISTINGUISHED (;i

KSTS Office Furniture

Operation of Kil (lien

$478,017.37

& Dining Room

Federal liuilding

and iuiuipment Em-

pire State Building Office

Furnishings

$37,957.74

Catering Service

8,285.95

Mechanical

IImIiI liMlcrhiinnienl

6,4.33.68

Building

l'i(ini|)men

2,858.49

Lamps

1,945.06

Electric

Preparation of Spe«'ches

2.650.00

Buick Xutoniobile and accessories...

Mivellaneous

1,116.45

.Miscellatieous

[

]

60 1.

1,891.94

113.09

Total

$.58,.38«.88

68,103.87

— Federal

Music

Total

$ 8,615.94

lu'deral liuilding

$86,187.45

—

BUILDIXGS-Federal

Building Amount of

Contract

No.

Contractor's

Name

Type

Address

of Construction

NYFa

Wood & Hagan,

NYFa

Geo. F. Driscoll Co.

548-550 Union Street,

General Contract

Brooklyn, N. Y.

Federal Building

Anthony Di Lorenzo

325-33 East 45th Street,

Sculpture Enlargements

New

Fed. Bldg—Tower Facades

Inc.

70 East 45th Street,

New

NYFa NYFa NYFa NYFa

George Davidson

Albert Stewart

Erwin Springweiler

York, N. Y.

Piles— Federal Bldg.

1193 Broadway,

Enlargement Murals Great Halls, Fed. Bldg.

York, N. Y.

Sculpture

New

Federal Bldg.

677 Bergen Avenue,

New

York, N. Y.

Federal Bldg.

— Gcirden Court Sculpture— Garden Court Sculpture

1,000.00

Federal Building

1,000.00

Berta Margoulies

NYFa

Concetta Scaravaglione 5 West 16th Street,

NYFa

Marion Walton

NYFa

Charles

Commercial Radio

570 Lexington Avenue,

Projection and

Sound Corporation

New

Equipment

New

New 5

Louis Slobodkin

Nathaniel Clark

York, N. Y.

Sculpture

— Garden Court

Federal Building Sculpture

1,000.00

— Garden Court

Federal Building Sculpture

1,000.00

—Garden Court

Federal Building

1,000.00

Sound

—Theater

York, N. Y.

Phoenixville, Pa.

Sculpture— Rail Joiner

NYFa

1,200.00

Commercial Radio

570 Lexington Avenue,

Public Address System

Sound Corporation

New

Federal Building

Anthony Di Lorenzo

325-33 East 45th Street,

Sculptural Enlargements

New

(

York, N. Y.

ilaiden

Court

5,812.00

— Federal

Bldg.

NYFa

Heinrich

& Kehm

GifTord Proctor

iMancis l^obajes

182

Street,

York, N. Y.

New

NYFa

York, N. Y.

West 15th

New

NYFa

8,400.00

1381 Lafayette Avenue,

New

NYFa

2,000.00

Relief Plaques Exhibits

Hall Entrance

NYFa

6,500.00

333 Fourth Avenue,

New

NYFa

Street,

240 East 20th Street,

New

NYFa

York, N. Y.

West 16th

New

NYFa

York, N. Y.

18,300.00

1,000.00

NYFa

333 Fourth Avenue,

17,400.00

— Garden Court

333 Fourth Avenue, York, N. Y.

$63,897.50

876,009.99

New

Bronx,

Rudy

Contract

4th Street.

York, N. Y.

Enlargement

— Rail Joiner

I<)().00

Eagle Sculpture, Great

Stairs— Federal Bldg.

600.00

Metal Sculpture

Theater- Federal

lildg.

3.000.00

Louis Bou(h(> Allen Saalburg Ev(>r<'l(

Ifciuy

38 West 56lh Street,

New

York, N. Y.

[59]

— Reception Room

Murals

5,2 10. 0()

BUILDINGS— Federal Building

{Cont.) Amount of

Contract >.o.

YFa

Contractor's

Name

Lombard & Ludwig,

Walter Dorwin Teague

Type

Address

Inc. 1428-30

Church

Street,

N. W., Washington, D. C.

XYFa YFa

R-92

Enlargement

York, N. Y.

Geo. F. Driscoll

548-550 Union Street,

Company Young Fehlhaber

New

205 East 42nd Street,

Pile Co., Inc.

New

—Eagles

Great Stairs

$1,900.00

Interior Design

27,773.69

York, N. Y.

Flowers

York, N. Y.

— Summer Period

Test Piles

Presbry-Leland Studios 681 Fifth Avenue,

R-326

Harriton Carved

404 East 46th Street,

Reception

Glass

New

Glass Panels

R-328

John T. Swanson

540 12th Avenue,

Walnut Flooring

New

Reception

New

R-332

R-333

R-336

R-337

R-346

Walvogel

Emslie

Bros., Inc.

McWilliams

York, N. Y.

R-388

for Federal Bldg.

York, N. Y.

3,000.00

Room

Acoustone Ceiling

New

Reception

York, N. Y.

1061 3rd Avenue,

Panelling

New

Lounge

York, N. Y.

123.00

Room— Doors

420 Lexington Avenue,

2,087.00

Room

2,020.00

—Dining Room 1.565.00

M. Gray

36-16 Vernon Blvd.,

Florida Keystone Flooring

Marble

Long Island

Reception

City,

605

Equipment Corp.

New

Kratna Studio

315 Washington

John von Wicht

Alvin

Tuck

N. Y.

48th Street,

Republic Store

Room

Masonite Panelling

Tables—Reception

York, N. Y.

Brooklyn,

R-371

Granite Cornerstone

Charles

Slate Co.

5,357.00

2,490.95

R-190

Co., Inc.

Contract

210 Madison Avenue,

New >»

of Construction

St.,

New York

2,660.00

830.00

Lincoln Sculpture

—Corridors

Murals

New

Federal Bldg.

Brookfield, Conn.

& Room

Enlargement

101 Park Avenue,

York, N. Y.

957.33

Hardware

3,000.00

Copper

Facing— D. R. Doors R-389

Bruno

314

di Paoli

1 1

New B-136

IMI8

& Boyd

R-

!'>.->

York, N. Y.

Mosaic Panel

Theater— Federal Bldg. Lighting Fixtures

Mfg. Co., Inc.

New

Hecoption

Mcpiiblic Store

605

Corp.

Drix Diiryca. Inc.

George Davidson

lilack

& Boyd

Co., Inc.

Mf^.

York, N. Y.

New

48th Street,

York, N. Y.

Room

,000.00

615.00

Flag Pole, Bases

Reception

Room

68.60

250 Madison Avcimc.

Now I^-I'il

Avenue,

430 East 53rd Street,

Black

lv(iiif)nicril

FM82

500.00

York, N. Y.

Pholo Mural— Offices

245 W. 28lh Streel.

La( (iiiering

New

l>c(l<-stals

York, N. Y.

430 Kast

New

53r(l Slrc-I.

^oik. N.

60]

113.00

Two 174.00

lighting Fixtures

Heccplion

Room

108.00

——

•

BUILDINGS— Federal Building

(Coni.) Amount of

Contract

No.

Contractor's

Name

R-550

K. George Kratina

R-573

Outpost Nurseries

R-626

Commercial Radio

Type

Address 315 Washington Street,

Washington Head

Brooklyn, N. Y.

Installation

$80.00

Ridgefield, Conn.

Maintain Plant Material

800.00

570 Lexington Avenue,

Mask Motion

New

Screen

135.00

Ridgefield, Conn.

Flower Maintenance

400.00

North Avenue,

Washington Head

York, N. Y.

Picture

R-664

Outpost Nurseries

R-704

Memo

5-12-38

Procurement Div.

Washington, D. C.

Greal Halls

LO-6-1-28

Wood & Hagan,

70 E. 45th Street,

Unpacking Sculpture

New

Models

LO-7-1-38

George Davidson

E. Fraser

Westport, Conn.

LO-7-4-38

Wood & Hagan,

Inc.

Memo

8/17/38

Procurement Division

Reception

Room

2,000.00

Mural Competition

Treasury Dept.

Inc.

Contract

of Construction

York, N. Y.

10,000.00

141.75

1193 Broadway,

Color Charts

New

Interior

York, N. Y.

70 East 45th Street,

Repacking Sculpture

New

Models

York, N. Y.

185.00

Exterior

193.00

Sculpture Competition

Treasury Dept.

Federal Building and

Washington, D. C.

Court of Peace

10,000.00

Memo

New York

8/24/38

Fair 1939, Inc.

World's Fair, N. Y.

Dedication Fed. Bldg.

LO-8-18-39

Joseph F. Roberts

4053 Park Avenue,

Rendering

New

Federal Building

LO-1-24-39

LO-3-1-39

LO-3-1-39 LO-3-16-39

LO-3-29-39

World's

Guild Mosaics, Inc.

William Lembke

Maurice Heaton Cornelis

Hugh

de Witt

& McWilliams

Enslie

Grandstand

1810 N.

Cornelius

1.0-7-1-39

John

;\.

(lillord

Proctor

Old Mill Road, West Nyack, N. Y.

Hoi XT

M. Wagner

1,000.00

Room— Mural

538.50

Stained Glass Dining

Room Lounge

100.00

—Reception Room

137 E. 35th Street,

Murals

New

Entrances

York, N. Y.

75.00

Room

Powder

.000.00

1061-3rd Avenue,

York, N. Y.

E. 35th Street,

York, N. Y.

Murals Heceplion

WiHHU luK ranees Stained

Flushing. L.

Windows

5th Street,

York, N. Y.

(lilass

300.00

Re-joinling eagles

Great Stairs Alternate Plans

New

Fe(l(-ral

TOTAL

[61]

380.00

Balcony

70 University Place,

York, N. Y.

210.00

Kitchen Vestibules Install

155-17 Sanford Avenue,

New Vo

St.,

204 Ferndale Bldg., Islip, L. I., N. Y.

Hugh de Witt 137

Nickelsen

Everett

Dining

New LO-5-26-39

5,236.29

Marquetry—

Portland, Ore.

New LO- 1.10-39

York, N. Y.

Platform

Building

18.70

169.12

SI,I0.-),I()0.I2

Bl ILDlNCiS-Foreign Shelter Buildings Amount of

Contract

No.

Contractor's *

XT"* jN 1 r a

"TV"

Name

uriano f oundation

Corp. i\

If a

Nira

Pile foundations

Bronx, I\ew lork

Lnits

109

Inc.

JNew York,

T WoodIP& Hagan, 1

inc.

29tn Street,

n,.

t,.

ira

(_>o.

Jean de Marco

f Long Island 1

Bell

OOO

111

IN 1

a 23

—

Werner

i\at

JN.

York,

h,.

Yra

Utto Mastrovito

hoouore rJarbarossa

Armin A. Scheler

JN.

a 2

(

noy King

„

West 52nd \

IVT

IN T

.52

.>.i

Robert Laurent

Bruno ATanskowski

1 •)

i 1

\> dl

)S(

Peace

.oiu

Peace

L.ourt OI Peace

(

ourt

Peace

Sculpture

Brooklyn,

Court of Peace

Broadway,

19.31

orK,

lot ridiiKun

AAA AA

AA/\ AA ,000.00

1,000.00

AAA A/\ 1,000.00 1

AAA

AA ,OOO.l;U

AAA AA 1,000.00

.uuu.uu

AAA AA 1,000.UU

finn

000 00

Sculpture

106 Columbia Heights,

V Y W; i>

JN.

IN.

290,399.11

oculpture

otreel.

INew York,

IN I

(

311 Wenster Avenue, "D

Sculpture

"V"

INew Kocnelle,

Court

TVT

O OA

Sculpture

b.ird blreet,

AT"

IVT

Peace

.ourt ol

Court of Peace

JNew York,

Y r a 2o

Peace

Sculpture

112

Sculpture

(

"V"

JN.

.->/:

Z04,Ot>U.4U

oD, 893.20

\ ^ York, JNew

AT fN

333 4tn Avenue, TVT

5»o9,dUU.U()

Sculpture

9ln Street,

TVT

N 1 ra

nits

TA P &Q P&Q

Court

IN.

* «

Superstructures

JN.

JNew York, ]\

JN.

New AIT"-*—

333 4lh Avenue, AT

K&L

1. 1

Units

V Y.

iNew York,

Samuel H.

I T

/57 (jreenwich Street, AT

rsYra 22

•

City,

K&L

Pile loundations

43-49 45tn Street,

Parella

Lonlractmg

Lnits

4oth Street, JN.

Contract

Superstructure

IN.

JNew York,

iNira 19

of Construction

3119 Giles Place,

Penman & Wortman, WT

Type

Address

AveiuK

'OUi 111

()i

III

(

dc e

800.00 ,>

Moissdye iViorans

r a ).)

uiioii oireet.

iii.

uipiui i

1,000.00 >

1 ^

'1 1*

-cin

Ij.

ill

tit iiiniiz

i^i II

i\ew

Nil

•

!•>

(

'haim dross

I).>

NY Fa

BocIk'I ic (

\YK:.

:,i

orp.

]j<) Lfiitclli

Parzini

21 »

l'io>

Kiii^'

r>l

I *

2.')lli

(M .

Y I

SI reel.

York, N. Y.

York, \. Y.

18 Wes!

New

.'")2[hI

Sln-cl.

York. \. V.

[02

•OIII

i>(

KasI lOlh Si reel.

New N YKa

IV Y*>i L IN I OI K,

I'].

New .51

I J.

Now l>ew

oi K,

Uipi

l'/\llf'l \ 'I )|l 1 1

III

ni III

i 1

"cU

000 00

.000.00

(l(

Sculpture Enlargements

Courl of IVace Sculplure

6.6.'>.").00

l']iilargcni(Mils

Court of Peace

4,525.00

Sciilpl urc i'lnlargeinenis

Courl of Peace

2,200.00

â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Foreign

Shelter Buildings

{Cont.) Amount of

Contract

No.

Contractor's

Name

& Kehm

Address

Type

of Construction

NYFa

Heinrich

NYFa

Oronzio Maldarelli

54 West 74th Street,

Sculpture

New

Court of Peace

NYFa

Lenore Thomas

Accokeek, Md.

NYFa

William Calfee

1420

Maxwell H. Kech

1861 Lafayette Street,

Sculpture Enlargements

New

Court of Peace

York, N. Y.

Street,

N. W.,

Washington, D. C.

NYFa

444

New

NYFa

Saldarini

Pucci

436

NYFa NYFa

Nat Werner

Roy King

George Davidson

Street,

York, N. Y.

Court of Peace

West 52nd

Street,

York, N. Y.

West 52nd

Street,

York, N. Y.

500.00

3,870.00

Sculpture Enlargements

Court of Peace

York, N. Y.

500.00

Sculpture Enlargements

Sculpture

New

NYFa

York, N. Y.

Court of Peace

New 18

1,000.00

Sculpture

315 East 17th Street,

New

NYFa

33rd Street,

W. 38th

New

$8,600.00

Sculpture

Court of Peace

Contract

7,520.00

400.00

Sculpture Enlargements

Court of Peace

2,500.00

Sculpture Enlargements

Court of Peace

1,500.00

245 West 28th Street,

New

York, N. Y.

Decoration of Sculpture

TOTAL

[63]

1.715.00

$734,407.83

EXHIBIT B DETAILED LIST OF DISBURSEMENTS for the period

January

1940 to

June

30, 1941

Total payments to June 30th, 1941

$3,061,937.95

Balance

213,062.05

[

SUMMARY OF NET LIQUIDATIONS Liquidations

Total 31,

December

1939

$2,771,582.59

Total Liquidations from January 1,

1940 to June 30, 1941

255,254.75

Total Liquidations

Less Reimbursable collections

Net Liquidations.

$3,026,837.34

9,899.39

$3,016,937.95

SUMMARY OF APPROPRIATION Original Appropriation

$3,000,000.00

Additional Appropriation

275,000.00

Total Appropriation

Liquidations

Transferred to

$3,275,000.00

$3,016,937.95

Army and Navy

direct expenditure in 1939

1940

for

and 45,000.00

Balance as of June 30, 1941

213,062.05 $3,275,000.00

[65]

SUMMARY OF ALLOTMENT ACCOUNTS FOR THE PERIOD January

1940 to

June

30, 1941

Personal Services

$134,304.44

Supplies and Materials

16,786.55

Communications

2,963.55

Travel

2,621.66

Transportation of Things

5,995.82

Printing and Binding

3,601.76

Photographs, Blue Prints and 784.78

Photostats Advertising and Publication of

214.20

Notices Electricity

and Water

18,255.61

Rents

2,884.00

Alterations Special

and Repairs

Miscellaneous Expenses..

Exhibits

21,815.87 .

15,081.11

8,097.77

Entertainment of Distinguished (aiesls

1.187.00

Equipment

2,768.37

17,892.26

Buildings

$255,254.75

Total

[66]

PERSONAL SERVICES employed by the Commission, with titles, dates, and amounts paid from January 1, 1940 to June 30, 1941 List of all persons

Amount

Rate Per

Name

Annum

Title

EdwardJ. Flynn

Commissioner General

$10,000

From

1- 1-10

8-15-10l

11- 6-40

4-30-41^

Paid $11,110.94

Theodore T. Hayes

Exec. Ass't Commissioner

7,500

1-40

4-30-41

10,000.00

Frederick Sheffield

Assistant Commissioner

7,500

5-11-40

4-30-41

7,291.67

Assistant Commissioner

7,500

1-40

3-31-40

1,875.00

Consulting Engineer

6,000

6-24-40

4-30-41

5,116.66

Administrative Assistant

5,600*

1- 1-40

6-30-41

8,133.24

Property Officer

3,200

8-19-40

1-20-41

1,345.50

Charles

SpoflFord

Frederick H. Zurmuhlen.

Adolphus H. Larzelere, Jr Joseph G. Czepla Cecil R. Wood, Sr Nat. W. Altman

Chief Projectionist

3,100

4-29-40

11-18-40

1,715.38

Projectionist

3,100

5-10-40

11- 1-40

1,481.04

Hugo

Fiebert

Projectionist

3,100

5-10-40

11- 1-40

1,481.04

Renjamin Stern

Projectionist

3,100

5-10-40

7-16-40

576.92

Alfred Weiss

Projectionist

3,100

7-16-40

10-30-40

904.12

Joseph E. Rrooks

Electrician

3,100

10-28-40

11-15-40

154.99

Elefterios Clekis

Electrician

3,100

10-28-40

11-15-40

154.99

Herman Heins

Electrician

3,100

5- 1-40

12-10-40

1,890.80

Martin Jensen Arthur E. Kell Wilmot T. La Forge Gaetano Mandato Samuel J. Moses

JackNewmark Sam Scherer Thomas J. Walsh Theodore Wittman, Jr James Rritt

Thomas

Maloney

Electrician

3,100

4- 1-40

12-19-40

2,223.17

Electrician

3,100

3-20-40

12-23-40

2,351.80

Electrician

3,100

4-22-40

12-11-40

1,973.90

Electrician

3,100

10-28-40

11-15-40

154.99

Electrician

3,100

10-28-40

11-15-40

154.99

Electrician

3,100

10-28-40

11-15-40

154.99

Electrician

3,100

5-13-40

12- 9-40

1,780.01

Electrician

3,100

5- 1-40

5- 7-40

60.28

... Electrician

3,100

10-28-40

11-15-40

154.99

Plumber

3,100

4- 8-40

5- 3-40

223.88

Head

3,100*

1-40

1- 4-41

2,864.95

of Repairs

MaxRayer

Carpenter

3,100

10-18-40

12- 2-40

387.48

Percy Rrownley

Carpenter

3,100

11- 6-40

11-28-40

198.05

Charles Delfel

Carpenter

3,100

10-28-40

11- 1-40

.30.13

Joseph Dignam

Carpenter

.3,100

2- 1-40

2-29-40]

4-18-40

6-18-40 1

9-16-10

Samuel Evans William Narcisse

Geipel

J. J.

Gervais

Stephen R. Johnston William J. Lally Joseph Liebowitz John N. Makara

Stephen M. O'Rrien Herbert M. Peterson Laurence Sharkey

Carpenter Carpenter Carpenter Carpenter Carpenter Carpenter Carpenter

1,521. .51

12-11-loJ

3,100

10-28-10

12- 2-10

301.37

3.100

10-28-10

12- 2-10

301.37

3,100

10-29-10

11-22-10

206.66

3,100

10-28-10

12- 2-10

.301.37

3,100

11- 1-10

12- 2-10

219.71

3,100

11- 6-10

11-2.5-10

163.61

3,100

3-22-10

I-IO)

533.87

11- 4-10

11 -25-10]

11- 6-10

11-19-10

120..55

1-10

2-29-10

2.58..32

1-10

Carpenter

3,100

Carpenter Carpenter

3,100

2-29-10| .1

Valentine

llrich

Carpenter

.3,100

[67]

10-28-10

12- .{-10

10-28-10

12- 2-10

68.30

.301.37

PERSOI¥AL SERVICES

{Cont.) Amount

Rate Per

Name

Annum

Title

Joseph Yonofskv Carpenter Dante A. Cattaneo .Steward Building Superintendent .... Martin L. Fitzpatrick Painter Conrad Bugel .Chef Joseph Knoepfiler .Maintenance Engineer Rene L. AlUo .Maintenance Engineer George P. Sinnott Kathleen Beale Owen Crawford .

Secretary

Frank \ ictor

Ass't Maintenance Engineer.

Perrv h. Herbert T J.

John J. Sullivan T IT* Leo Hipp

Eleanor t

Cora

McKeown

Doris E.

David C. Baldwin C*

i^"^

>.*i

Thomas

McDonald

Carroll

Bobcrt C. Crowie James I). Devlin Frank Doorley, Jr Jarncs

I'ldward

John

(Jeraghty

1^.

Mcrnard

(lilhooly, Jr

If.

Kcllv

Mlxrl F. Kinsella Morrison F. Krus

Norman Fcvy I'alrick J.

Foslr

Max Ira

I'.l«><

11- 2-40

1,422.89

2,800

1- 1-40

9- 7-40

1,561.34

2,800*

5- 1-40

12-13-40

1,559.07

1,240.98

2,500

5- 1-40

10-29-40 11- 1-40

431.53

12-19-40

1,248.02

170.00

11- 4-40

12- 2-40

176.11

2,040

10-24-40

12- 2-40

232.77

2,040

2- 1-40

2-29-40

170.00

.Chautleur

1,920

1- 1-40

4-30-41

2,560.00

.Waiter

1,860

4-29-40

11-21-40

1,047.37

.secretary

1,800*

1- 1-40

11- 2-40

1,481.28

.Personnel Secretary

1,620

4-12-40

5- .3-41

1,715.77

.Stenographer

1,620

10- 3-40

1- 8-41

431.66

Stenographer

1,620

5- 1-40

11- 8-40

844.50

Stenographer

1,620

4-24-40

6-30-41

1,921.50

1,620

5-13-40

11- 1-40

758.18

.440

5- 1-40

11-11-40

763.13 1,345.27

Carpenter

Helper Helper Helper

.Receptionist

Guard Captain

.Night Superintendent

1,440*

1- 1-40

12-26-40

.Dishwasher Clerk

1,260

4-22-40

11-11-40

698.77

1-10

1-30-41

1,516.38

,200

.Messenger TT Usher

1,200

6- 5-40

11- 1-40

187.50

1,200

5-11-40

11- 2-10

570.19

.Usher

1,200

5-11-40

10-30-10

564.24

1,200

5- 6-10

10-29-10

577.25

1,200

.5-11-40

11- 9-40

595.40

1,200

Guard Guard

.Guard .Guard .(luard

2- 1 9- 10

760.55

6-40

.585.20

,5-

1-10

.200

.5-1

1-10

.200

7- 3-10

8-31-40

193.33

6-10

10-30-10

582.11

1.200

.5-

1.200

.3-19-10

.(lUard

1.200*

l-IO

.(iuard

1.200

.5-

9-10

(luard

1.200

.5-1

0-10

iuard

.200

3-10

.200

5- 7-10

12-21-10

1.200

.5-10- 10

iiiard

1.200

5- 6-10

1-10-10

61 1.73

(iiiaid

1.200

.5-10-10

11- 2-10

573.77

(iuard

.(iuard

(

1.200

(illJIld

5- 6-40

2,040

Slallcry

Wr'iss.

1,008.20

2,900

2,980.00

Mogan

J. II.

1,956.24

10-17-40

2,040

A. \larlcll

lidward \rlhur

Mallov

12-10-40

6-12-40

6-30-41

•

Kane

'1'.

4-16-40

2,900

2-29-40

Thomas H.

3,000

258.32

1- 1-40

.Carpenter

Joseph ferdinand Patrick J. Mulligan itff 11 Manlf'v A. Marshall John Hartley

1,762.17

2- 1-40

1 •

11-16-40

2,040*

Sam Goldberg

4-22-40

2,100

haver (.ornell ....

Carol R. Lockwood

3,100

Paid S

.Secretary

Battle

11-28-40

5-16-40

Monahan Mane Humane

10-29-40

2,300

Angeline h.

3,100

.Exhibits lechnician

A.'

Keating 1 nomas h. Maloney, Jr. VNiUiam McCorry Michael McMahon William

8-24-40

\1 ''•11'

From

Janiloi

[

f>»

]

.200

12-12-10

2-25-40 1-10

l-IO

580. 11

9-.30-t0

293.33

6-10

l-IO

10-10-10

10-29-40/

5-1 1-10

581.02

7-1 -lOl

.5-

876.87 1,383.3

716.71 .587.

275.19 11- ()-10

583.53

PERSONAL SERVICES

(Cont.) Amount

Rate Per

Name John Braut kit*

T"X

"R /T

Sullivan

1,200

4-22-40

12-20-40

796. zo

4-17-40

10- 5-40

06O.60

.Janitor

1,200

5- 9-40

5-19-40

36.67

.Janitor

1,200

6-16-40

12-15-40

.Janitor

1,200

5- 7-40

6-15-40

600. OU 1 0 A AA

Janitor

1,200

9-21-40

10-29-40

Janitor

1,200

4-22-40

12-20-40

.Janitor

1,200

5- 1-40

11-12-40 11

* A

Anna E. Schempp Mary E. Dinan

130.00 OA 129.01 ^A/C 00 1

COf\

11-10-40

DOi.O

1,200

5-16-40

Janitor

1,200

1- 1-40

A 11- 9-40

.Janitor

1,200

1- 1-40

.Janitor

1,200

6-20-40

12-21-40 1 A OA A f\ 10-30-40

1, loo. 77

Janitor

1,200

5- 1-40

6-1 -40

Janitor

1,200

5- 8-40

11-11-40

.Janitor

1,200

4-17-40

12-21-40

Janitor

1,200

5- 1-40

n Watchman T

Charwoman Charwoman Charwoman ... Charwoman Charwoman Charwoman Charwoman Charwoman Charwoman Charwoman .

/TAA

.Janitor

Faici

CA 1 C »a50.io

11- 4-40

1,200

•

5-20-40

1,200

.Janitor

Joseph Ihomas Alexander Thompson Delano 1. Williams TT TT ilarry rl. Lross Jeannette Cohen TT 1 Helen Grunwald T^l 1 r XT' blizabeth V. Kiernan Mildred 1 Livingston Mary G. Mann Theresa A. McDermott Marie G. McGrath Cathrine Miller Grace A. Naylor •

Murphy

r elix Persico J.

from

Erwin J. Dillon George J. Eisenhardt Thomas J. Flynn Benjamin Gluckow James H. Hale Thomas H. Kerr trank J. Marvullo Uaniel Masso

Francis

De Matteo

Michael

.Janitor

Frederick F. Cordes. Alfred

Annum

Title

AOO 11 0 0c 4o4.oD -1

ioo.oU

1 A OlU.Vi oil on 814.87 z:

0 00 lo.oo 1

5- 4-40

yo 600. AO

1,200

5- 1-40

11 11

11-11-40

/IOC

1,200

5- 7-40

11- 7-40

A1 1 ^ 601.16

1,200

5- 7-40

11-11-40

A 614.49

1,200

4-22-40

11-12-40

664.

O A 11- 2-40

08 .00

(

1,200

0- 6-40 5- 7-40

11-11-40

1.200

11 11

1,200

5- 6-4U

11 11 if\ il-il-4U

1,200

5- 6-40

11-11-40

OlO.UO /II 0 A^ olo.Uo

1,200

5- 6-40

11-11-40

0 A^ Olo.Uo

1,200

5- 6-40

11-11-40

618.06

1,200

5- 6-40

11- 7-40

f,(\ Lo 0U4.

1,080

4-20-40

10-31-40

0 O.UU

Telephone Operator .... Technical Services Knickerbocker Letter Shop Technical Services Benso Office Service Co Annual leave paid to Electricians & Plumbers in 1940 although accrued in 1939 .

— —

Lump Sum Lump Sum

in 014.4V

'TO

(

AA 3o. 00 OA AA 20.00 0"

Contract

660.56

Rate per

Diem James Britt George Davidson Alfred GeilTert, Jr

Plumber

$ 12.00

Art Consultant 20.00 Consultant Landscape Archi- Fee Basis

Rate

120.00

5-15-40

380.00

Apr. 1940-Ocl. 1940 Apr. 1940-Oct. 1940 Apr. 191 O-Ocl. 1940

700.00

—Part Time .

11-29-40

3- 8-40

tect

Kitchen Employees Paul Montalbon

11-12-40

Various Hourly Rates

.Managerial Services

400.00

end of period shown.

700.00 1,527.50

400.00 $134,304.44

Total

TOTAL EXPENDITURE For each ph ase of Personal Service from January 1.

Administrative Office Expenses.

Maintenance Service Building

$61,283.71

.3.

—Federal

1910 to

Kilcheu and Dining

June

Room

Special Technical Services

30, 1941

$6,858.70

L 100.00

62,062.0.3 TiDial

[69]

$134,304.44

SLTPLIES AND MATERIALS Food

PHOTOGRAPHS, BLUE PRINTS AND PHOTOSTATS

$ 8,146.07

Photographs

Gas. Oil. Grease, etc

Blue Prints

and building maintenance sup-

Office

plies including

$349.00

901.91

lumber for crating

435.78

Total

$784.78

and other miscellaneous

exhibits

7.738.57

supplies

ADVERTISING AND PUBLICATION OF NOTICES

$16,786.55

Advertisements for invitations to bid on

Telephone Service

$214.20

demolition of Federal Buildings

COMMUNICATIONS $2,699.64

Telegraph and Messenger Service

ELECTRICITY AND WATER

71.91

Postage Stamps

192.00

Gas

17,271.00

Electricity

Total

$2,963.55

Total

TRAVEL Reimbursement Vouchers

for

travel

Equipment Rental $

Transportation Bills (Fares) tickets

Long

including

$18,255.61

RENTS

expenses including per diem

Toll

984.61

$2,884.00

629.78 1,851.88

ALTERATIONS AND REPAIRS

Subway and

Island Railroad tickets

140.00

Automobile Repairs Office

Total

301.14

equipment repairs

$2,621.66

Repairs

52.92

— Federal Building Total

21,461.81

$21,815.87

TRANSPORTATION OF THINGS Moving

of Office p]quipment

Shipments

— Miscellaneous

SPECIAL AND MISCELLANEOUS

525.50

CURRENT EXPENSES

5,470.32

Total

$5,995.82

Window

Cleaning

Fire Alarm Boxes Service

750.00 122.50

Exterminating Service

135.00

Cleaning of uniforms

623.76

Medical services

133.00

242.15

Employee's Passes

113.00

Invitation cards and envelopes

671.15

Landscaping and Maintenance

8,940.64

Mimeograpli

144.20

Storage

2,767.61

975.00

Waste Bemoval

r>01.50

Miscellaneous

994.10

PRINTING AND Lei lerlu-ads

BINI)IN(;

and l^nvelopes

iirid

Mulligraph

Broadsides Booklets

$1,569.26

Tola!

Total

.$3,601.76

[7()j

$15,081.11

EXHIBITS Requisition No.

Contractor's

Name

Type

Map

1074

Dept. of Commerce

Dial

1075

Dept. of the Interior

White House Model

1121

Charles

M. Gun ther

Amount

of Construction

Rental

195.00

Supervision of Scale Model U.

Fleet

Messmore

1111 L. O. 5-7-40.

Riverside

& Damon

500.00

Show Case

Museum

135.21

for

S. Fleet

Exhibits

1,500.00

Second Pan American Art Exhibition

5,463.33

1118

Columbia Pictures Corp

Prints— Inside

FB 1

120.00

1371

Columbia Pictures Corp

Prints— Inside FBI

75.00

L. 0. 3-30-39.

.J.

Livingston

& Co

Misc. Exhibits Wiring

109.23

$8,097.77

EQUIPMENT

ENTERTAINMENT OF DISTINGUISHED GUESTS

—Federal Building Mechanical Equipment — Federal

Furnishings Preparation of speeches

100.00

Music

Electric

$1,187.00

109.75

379.98

Building

1,087.00

Total

Lamps

2,055.43

Buick Automobile Equipment

7.71

215.50

Miscellaneous

$2,768.37

Total

BUILDIXOS NYFa

Walter Dorwin Teague

210 Madison Avenue,

New

NYFa

Joseph Walter

York, N. Y.

Interior Design

757 Franklin Avenue,

Court of Peace

Brooklyn, N. Y.

Sculpture (Final

payment)

NYFa

Wreckers

Excavators, Inc.

Demolition Super-

New

structure

—Federal 1,200.00

Building

NYFa

Maguire

Dugan,

Inc.

Foun-

177-26 Ursina Road,

Demolition

Springfield Gardens.

dations and (Jrind-

Long

ing of Site.

Island, N. Y.

392.26

200.00

100 5th Avenue,

York, N. Y.

16,100.00

$17,892.26

[71]

EXHIBIT C By

November, 1937, Commission policy on building

Ihe end of

and

exterior

interior architecture,

landscaping, lighting, decoration, motion pictures and exhibits was exhaustively discussed and in the

main determined save

for provisions for necessary flexibility.

Our theme plan

for Exhibits

was com-

pleted with contact officers assigned in the concerned Departments and liaison for coordination of

Washington arranged through the established Exhibits

efforts at

Offices of the Federal

all

Housing Adminis-

tration.

Before the close of the year, 1937, formal commission approval of exterior building design and

theme

exhibits

was secured

titles

to clear the

way

finally for purely creative efforts.

January and February of 1938 were devoted to the development of architectural interior of the Federal Building

also

made

and the design of the

at this time for a National competition

first

six of the exhibit themes.

on the murals and sculpture

detail for the

Preparations were

in various sections of the

building

by the Section of Painting and Sculpture of the Treasury Depai'tment which was announced

March.

By March

7th eight complete renderings for the

first

eight of the twelve exhibit themes were

ready for the Commissioner's approval representing accomplishment, on schedule, of an extremely

and

delicate, involved

all

important task which augured well for the eventual creation of a new kind of

Government exhibition which was to have new force and

promote unprecedented interest

our Govern-

ment. In

masses

March

in translucent plastic

Due

which were to decorate the exhibits

in the first

April.

sculptural

hall.

were determined to be necessary

Bids for the Federal building foundations were received April

week of

new

for the sensationally

to the nature of soil conditions at the site, piling foundations

for the buildings.

began

were considered the designs and specifications

also

and driving

1st, 1938,

Bids for the superstructure were received April 19th. 1938.

To supplement the work of the Treasury Department on the plans for the Federal Building, arrangements were made for New York World's Fair 1939 Incorporated to prepare the plans and specifications for the Hall of Nations

on Mr. Cheney's design and on April 28th bids were received for the timber

pile

foundations of the four buildings at the sides of the Court of Peace.

May

arrangements were concluded for the construction of four of the exhibit themes by Govern-

ment Departments possessing adequate

studios, contracts for the sculptuial masses

the preliminary sketches for the Exhibit Hall murals negotiations were concluded for collaboration in the furnishing

On June United States

end of the stages

and

were awarded and

by Eugene Francis Savage were accepted.

by the Society of Designer-Craftsmen,

New

Also

York, N. Y.,

and embellishment of the Federal Building.

30th the Commission was honored by the laying of the cornerstone by the President of the in a

fiscal

memorable function which

lent special dignity to the purpose of its elVorts.

the

year the Federal Building construction was well begun, interior plans were in the advanced

practically

all

contracts for exhibits fabrication were awarded for d(Âťliveries on or before build-

ing readiness.

Despite a builder's strike from July 1st to July 18th and steel

much unfavorable

work was 25 percent completed on the Federal Building, foundations on

buildings were 73 percent for th(;

(â&#x20AC;˘()in[)l('[('(l

and

steel erection

two buildings facing Ihe lagoon and Ihe

sculptural masses and

By August

31sl

lli(>

wer(>

.30

was

slart(>d

four fonMgn

first

sh(^ll(M'

on the foundal ion

12 percent completed.

The

()ercenl finished.

completion percenlag(>s sliowi-d Ihe Federal Uuilding

[73]

th(^ first

was begun; work was

inaruilacl imc ofexliibils

murals for the J^xhibils Hall

weather, by August

hirl y-eighl

foreign shell(M"

[75]

[76]

buildings on the side of the Court of Peace twenty-five and foundations for the lagoon buildings at thirtyfive

with exhibits at twenty-five.

Along with the detailed attention necessary

was devoted

effort

for the supervision

and inspection of these works further

at this time to interior design, furnishings, landscaping, motion pictures

ate programs of social

and diplomatic

significance to coincide with

and appropri-

and support the general program of the

Fair Corporation for 1939.

As of September 30th the Federal Building stood ings at 32 percent,

at 58 percent, the first four Foreign Shelter Build-

and the foundations of the lagoon buildings were

was prepared, contracts were

let

for the

monumental sculptures and murals

and considerable progress was made on the

final

in place, ready for steel erection.

time also the 40 feet high elms were planted in the garden court, the top

this

the parade grounds

soil for

in the Federal Building

tower sections

determination of general interior design, including

furnishings.

November 7th the Federal Building was 62 percent completed;

four buildings on the sides of the Court of Peace were 56 percent completed

November 5th

as of

the

and the superstructure

first

of the

lagoon buildings were at 12 percent. In October contracts for the enlargement to let,

excellent progress

on the development of the

by the Film Industry was reported and

scripts

full size

historical

of the tower section murals

and sculptures were

motion picture for the Federal Building theatre

were being prepared for a

series of

twelve radio broadcasts

dramatizing our theme exhibits delivered in the spring of 1939 in collaboration with the National Broad-

Company, the Columbia Broadcasting System and the Mutual Broadcasting System

casting

of general interest

and

chiefly for the benefit of

American and World

listeners

who were

as a matter

to be unable to

attend the Fair.

On December

14th the Federal Building was 76 percent completed and such inside finishing as the

painting of wall surfaces in the great halls and the erection of partitions in the Exhibits Hall was started.

Many

exhibits units were ready

and the remainder were

in the

at 41 percent.

The

advanced stages of construction.

buildings on the sides of the Court of Peace were also 76 percent completed

and the lagoon buildings were

Plans for the troop participation which was to prove a Fair feature of predominant

importance were well begun.

All other phases of the

and additional pressure was brought

many

sided program were being held "to schedule"

on the building erection to neutralize the delays from

to bear

strike

and inclement weather. During successful

latter

December and the

first

half of January 1939 our efforts to influence extra speed were

and some of the time previously

lost

was 82 percent completed; on January 7th the

91M

and the way was

percent,

arrangements.

On January

was made up.

On December

30th the Federal Building

four Foreign Shelter Buildings were practically finish<>d,

first

clear for the various foreign

governments concerned to conclude

7th the lagoon buildings were on schedule. 57 3-10 percent.

interior

In Januar>

operations for the placement of Harry Poole Camden's 36 feet high sculptures on the facade were begun

and a number of "runners-up"

in the

National Competition

won by Mr. Camden, commissioned

for the

creation of various smaller sculptures for both the Federal Building and the facades of Ihe Hall of Nations,

had completed working models and some enlargement

embeUishment of (he

interior developed, until

Designers-CraftsHK^n, was assigned for

final

lo lull size.

The program

for Ihe furnishing

and

December, jointly by the Commission and the Society of

coordination

in conibiiKMl

collaboration with Ihe Society to

(lie

well-known designer, Mr. Walter Dorwin Teague.

Layouts

for the installation of Kxhibils llaU

units were unfinished and

t[i(>

were

|)repare(l,

only a small perc(Milage of Ihe exiiibils

Iwelve murals by Eugene Francis Savage were available for hanging on the

rotating machinery in the Exhibits Hall,

production "Land of Liberty," soon

(iood progress continued lo be

lo be a

rei)()rle(l

tremendous focal point of Fair interest.

[77]

lie

motion pi(iun>

178

[79]

[80]

Due

lo exceptionally unfavorable weather in late January

and February our building program was

handicapped by an aggregate delay of about seventeen days as of February 15th including interior operations.

However, considerable progress was made on

all

other phases not subject to the weather.

Exhibit

shipments began and installation schedules were set up for installations beginning February 18th.

the middle of

of the Hall,

court and

much

its

large percentage of the Exhibits units

of the interior

numerous

corresponding mural ings

March a

and

exterior painting

sculptures, the great

in the

was

in progress, including the elaborate garden

in the Hall of the Legislature

way with most

for delivery prior to opening day.

scheme to insure "top" condition

finished in

was

finished

for the

of the required objects contracted for

and the

Hollywood

tion in the other phases as they

opening and through the summer, the

in a blaze of

now

and "in

Last touches were being given to the beautiful landscaping

exciting units of the large group of sculptures in the Federal area were being placed

was being

floor

Hall of the Judiciary was being advanced rapidly, the procurement of furnish-

and embellishments was well under

work"

mural

were either in place or on the

many

interesting

and

and the motion picture

promise to match our growing feeling of pride and satisfac-

quickly dovetailed and grew together.

[81]

EXHIBIT D Tlie co-cliairmeii

from the various departments, bureaus and independent agencies

interested in the respective exhibit themes were as follows

Exhibit

Themes

Co-Chairmen

CONSERVATION

FOOD

SHELTER

G. C. Dickens, Department of the Interior Charles Krutch, Tennessee Valley Authority

W. Hiscox, Department of Agriculture H. A. Baldwin, Department of Agriculture M. Upchurch,

Federal Housing Administra-

tion

Wm.

B. Phillips, Rural Electrification Admini-

stration

INDUSTRY

Miss Margaret A. Klein, Department of Labor Leonard C. Rennie, Works Progress Administration

TRADE

Miss Harriet Sweet, Department of Commerce

James 6.

FINANCE AND CREDIT

Max

Murphy,

Jr.,

Department of State

Dunning, Procurement Division

Ritchie,

Farm

Credit Administration

TRANSPORTATION AND COMMUNICATION

Edward H. Chamberlin,

SOCIAL WELFARE

S. A. Birgfelt,

P. J. Connelly, Post Office

Department

National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics

Bureau of Public Health Service

Joseph F. Beatty, Veteran's Administration

EDI CATION, ARTS

AND RECREATION 10.

NATIONAL DEFENSE

John Lloyd, Office of Education Carl W. Mitman, Smithsonian Institution Colonel

II.

B. Lewis,

War Department

Captain C. M. Austin, DepartmenI of (he

IMKILNAL PKOIECTION

12.

foki;i(;n

helai ions

Max

Spelke,

Deparlment of Justice

lulward Yardley, Department of State

[82]

Navy

EXHIBIT E The Exhibits of the

United States (poveriiment at the

I^ew YorU World's Fair 1939 and

]

[81]

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;

General Description of Exliibit Hall The

general theme around which

preparation of these exhibits

and

tection of our individual

agency breakdowns.

thoughts and designs have centered in the

"The Government's

is:

role in the

promotion and pro-

collective security."

The entire exhibition presented along purely functional

all

lines,

to the people of the United States a display designed

disregarding departmental, bureau and independent

In this manner the activities of the

many Governmental

agencies

as they relate to one another were greatly clarified.

The were

felt

exhibit

was divided

into twelve basic themes,

which after careful consideration

to cover adequately those ideas closest to the interests of the average public.

These twelve themes are as follows

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;^and their comparative

sizes are indicated

the lineal footage measurement

Conservation

80'

Industry

70'

Food

80'

Finance and Credit

60'

Shelter

80'

110'

Social Welfare

The

Education, Arts and Recreation

80'

Trade

80'

Internal Protection

60'

National Defense

80'

Transportation and Communication

80'

Foreign Relations

70'

participating agencies in the entire exhibition are mentioned elsewhere in this

report, together with the

method

of presentation used in the explanation of their work.

Many of these agencies participate in more than one theme in The work

importance.

many

in part, the efforts of agencies

The Exhibit Hall was

them overlaps and

line,

dependent

u|)on, in wliole or

under other de})artmenls.

semi-circular in form with

through the two towers of the Federal Building. center

varying degrees of relative

main meaus of access and

was about 1.000

feet long

egress

on the

and along the walls on each side the exhibits were arranged. They were so

I)lanned that each of the twelve themes could be quickly identified.

deep blue carpet over a thirty-two ounce

and along the

loud speaker

grills

units were divided

ceiling in

painted to match. ijito

covered the entire

floor:

was covered with gyf)sum board, painted in the center of the room was a series of vent grills and

the ceiling, which was 30' above the silver color,

felt lining

floor,

The

walls which formed the base of the exhibit

two sections ("upper" and "lower"

[

]

)

about

from the exterior

[86]

[87]

Â»8

General Desscription of Exhibit Hall {Cont.) walls of the hall.

These walls were also constructed of gypsum board on appropriate

studding, and followed the curve of the hall

Between each theme w as a doorw ay the exhibits.

The "upper"

itself.

either leading to the outside or to the rear of

wall was cream colored and the "lower" wall was a deep

wide base on which illuminated transparencies appeared. This base brown with a was a deep blue, the same color as the carpet. A brass rail 3' 4" high extended around all parts of the hall devoted to exhibits, provision having been made so that it w as pos2'

sible for children to

the exhibits.

stand on the lower

rail,

enabling

them

to obtain a better view of

Between each theme and over the doorways mentioned above, appeared

a plaster seal, painted gold, representing each of the ten departments of the Govern-

ment.

translucent Phenol-Resin sculpture

high and lighted from

within

appeared at the center of each theme together with a moving mural directly behind spotlighted from across the hall. particular

theme and are discussed

it,

These sculptures and murals were symbolic of each in greater detail in

Along the top of the "lower" wall

subsequent pages of this report.

seven of the themes w ere arranged large photo-

graphic cutouts representing scenes typical of the particular theme in which they

appeared.

From below

these cutouts in the openings provided for the exhibit units,

the lighting for the entire hall emanated, and this, together with the light from the theme sculptures

and from the

spotlights

on the moving murals provided the only

light in the

exhibit area.

A theme

detailed description of each unit of the exhibit in follows.

[89]

its

relation to each individual

ritniic Si I

III i>t

itrr <nnl

rtinsfiortdlion

(iiul

(

l\ri oli iufi

Mural

.omniunicdlum

[90]

SUMMARY of

Transportation and Cornmunieation Theme The

entire exhibit demonstrated quickly

Government

and

clearly the influence the Federal

and communication. The four main

exerts in the realm of transportation

sections were as follows:

Water transportation in our

—

Efforts of the

Government

forward safety and efficiency

merchant marine, advance and control of water transportation

States, shipbuilding

Land

in the

United

and inspection, and the inland waterways of the country.

transportation

—The

Government's

efforts

toward the coordination and

course

markers,

improvement of railroads and highways. Air

transportation

—Testing

stations, airplane beacons,

Communication

and

—The mail

planes,

radio

broadcasting

air mail routes. in

urban areas,

in rural areas,

en route by land and

sea; regulation of the three forms of electrical communication.

As weather Government

vitally affects

in this

both transportation and communication, the work of the

connection was aptly interwoven in the exhibit.

winged wheel, a horse, a modern steamship, a streamlined

train, a telephone,

and wires grouped around a dynamic male figure symbolized man's progress

in trans-

portation and comnmnication and emphasized the Government's contribution thereto.

The revolving mural here brought

mendous advances made

to the spectator graphic realization of the tre-

in transportation

and communication since the days of the

oxcart and the overland mail.

Agencies represented : Civil Aeronautics Authority, Department of Agriculture,

Department of Commerce, Department of the Navy, Department of the Treasury, Federal Communications Commission,

Interstate

Commerce Commission. National

Advisory Committee for Aeronautics, Post Office Department, Public Roads Administration,

United States Maritime Commission.

[91]

[92]

[

]

[94]

Transportation and Conimunieation

Theme

GKXERAL DESCRIPTION This theme was divided into four main headings Transportation,

Transportation, Air

Land Transportation and Communications.

The Water Transportation of the theme.

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;Water

At each

transportation.

transportation,

and

exhibits comprised the

side of the

major part of the lefthand side

theme sculpture were openings concerned with

the right of the

theme sculpture was the section devoted

to the right of this, the section

air

to land

devoted to Communication.

The

following descriptions of individual units start at the extreme right of the theme as in place in the exhibits Hall.

TWO-SCENE POSTAL DIORAMA Scene No.

This diorama showed a street scene in a typical large Office

and the many

carriers

Post Office Department such as

facilities of the

and delivery

city. In

appeared a Post

letter boxes,

mail

trucks.

Scene No. 2 This was an outdoor scene taken somewhere along a rural postal route and showed a

man, with

carrier

his horse

behind him, opening a

whose car was seen disappearing

in the

letter just delivered

by a rural mail

middle distance.

TWO TRANSPARENCIES First

Transparency colored photograph showing the interior of a railway car Post Office.

Second Transparency A

colored photograph showing the interior of seagoing Post Office.

Text accompanied the two above transparencies explaining them.

POST OFEI4 E ^lODEL This three dimensional model of a Post Office showed, by means of animated mail conveyors, the complexity of large post of the

Kansas City Post

Office,

office dispatching.

The model shown was

and a section was cut through

HKikc the interior clearly visible.

[

]

that

such a way as

I'o.slal

Diorama

Sccna

Two

TRAXSPAREXT MAPS These transparent maps were shown by the use of a Balopticon machine and were of the following subjects which described the scope of the activities of the Federal

munications Commission. statement explaining

Map No.

The maps were colored and on each one appeared

Com-

a short

it.

Inspection districts of the Federal Communications Commission.

Map No.

Service Areas of the United States Standard Broadcasting Stations.

Map No.

International Radio Communications Network.

Map

No. 4 International Cable Communications Network.

Map No.

Locations of Police Radio Stations.

Map

No. 6 International Aviation Communications Network.

Map No.

Domestic Telephone Network.

Map

No. 8 Domestic Telegraph Network.

Map

No. 9 Domestic Aviation Communications Network.

THREE TRANSPARENCIES These three colored photographic transparencies showed the three forms of electrical

communication regulated by the Government.

ANI.^IATED DISPLAY This animated display, about twelve the aid of a three-dimensional animated

feet

long and four

map on

feet high,

the background,

showed, with

and by the use of

other models and transparencies, the government's efforts toward the coordination of three forms of land transportation, which are Railroads,

An arrangement Interstate riers

Highways and Airways.

of animated thermometers quickly showed

Commerce Commission has tended toward

on railroads and highways.

Adjacent

how

the

work

of the

the equalization of rates for car-

to this section,

wore three vertical

re-

volving three-sided prisms of translucent material, upon the face of uliich appeared a legend describing the work of the Civil Aeronautics Authority and

[97]

llie

Interstate

Dioram/i of iMUfrlcy Field Viri^inia in llu:

Daytime

[98]

—— Commerce Commission

in relation, in

each case,

to the following three

major aspects

work

of their

— 1— Inspection of rolling stock

—2 — Wages, hours and working conditions

—3— Inspection of warning devices

Nearby were shown two sectionalized models of

recommended by

the

typical road construction as

Bureau of Public Roads.

Also were shown a small model of a typical weather bureau station and topographic maps of a certain section of the United States.

The

entire display

showed

quickly and clearly the influence which the Federal Government exerts in regard to transportation by land.

The following departments and bureaus

of the government were represented in

this display

Department of Agriculture

Bureau of Public Roads

Weather Bureau Interstate

Commerce Commission

Civil Aeronautics Authority

Department of Commerce United States Coast & Geodetic Survey

FIVE-SCENE DIORAMA The

five scenes as

shown

in this series of

Dioramas were

as follows:

Virginia, the daytime. —Air view of Langley 2— Interior view of wind tunnel Langley Field showing plane being 3 — Model showing flow of before and the over engine 1

Field,

tested.

after

nacelles

air

design

was studied by the N.A.C.A. 4

—Model

of the airplane

4 which has been developed as the

result of ex-

periments carried on by the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics. 5

— Air view

of Langley Field at night.

Accompanying each one of

these

explaining what the scene was and

The agency herein represented was

Dioramas appeared an illuminated transparency

how

the

government operates

the National Advisory

[99]

in relation to

it.

Committee for Aeronautics.

[

100

]

THEME SCULPTURE Standing

group was an impressive male figure

in the center of this sculptural

holding a winged wheel in his right hand with his

modern

hand

left

at his side resting

on a

telephone. In the foreground of the base reclined a stylized figure of a horse,

symbolizing transportation through the ages. At the ship ploughed through the water with

its

left

foreground a modern steam-

smoke ascending upward behind

the figure.

Beneath the telephone in the right foreground was a parallel line representing wires of

communication and a canal lock

figure

was a streamlined

train.

The

Above

signal.

entire

man

this,

proceeding from behind the

group symbolized by the use of dramatic,

made

artistic

treatments the progress which

cation,

and indicated that the Government contributions have been an important

has

and communi-

in transportation

aspect thereof.

REVOLVING MURAL The following paragraph describes With

the

dawn

to the oxcart

destiny of steam which in 1789

who would have

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;

of the nineteenth century, the mechanical age arrived to trans-

form a world bound

turn a water wheel

and theme of the mural

briefly the content

(

1803

)

and overland mail.

was

and then

first

Who

could have foretold the

used to operate a cylinder engine, then to

power the railroad locomotive

(

1829

)

And

predicted that electricity would in 1837 transmit a message with the

speed of light through the telegraph key of Samuel Morse; or through the dynamo, in 1870,

impart a steady, powerful spin

to industrial

wheels?

The

internal combustion

engine of 1894 brought not only the automobile to the land but the airship to the skies

when

turn, that

1903 the Wright Brothers showed that

man

Government engineers would one day mark

they had already

marked sea

could

which meant,

fly;

air lanes with light

lanes with lighthouse beams.

less

beacons as

remarkable has

been the pace of Communication methods which today, with the wonder of television,

can whisk both the voice and the face of a singer miles across the earth.

REVOLVIIVC GLOBE Here was a large revolving globe of the world, translucent and the International air routes throughout the world

colorful,

showing

which are sponsored by the

Inter-

departmental committee on Civil International Aviation, and over which the United States mail

flown.

The globe revolved on an

axis representing the

same slope

that of the earth.

WATER TRANSPORTATION

IIIORA3IA

This twelve-foot Diorama showed a view of a typical harbor. picted the

many

ment and control of water transportation

ground appeared

Within were de-

phases of governmental work which are concerned w in

the United States.

ith

the advance-

the right

fore-

a shipbuilding yard representing the shipbuilding acti\ilies of the

[101]

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;

United States Maritime Commission. pulled

at a pier for inspection

In the

left

foreground were shown large boats

by the Bureau of Marine Inspection and Naviga-

and from these boats mail was being unloaded

tion,

Office in the Distance.

to be transported to the Post

Also near the wharves was shown a replica of a United States

Custom House. Appearing on

the surface of the water buoys

and channel markers

could be seen and in the distance a lighthouse representing the charting and safety

work

of the Coast and Geodetic Survey

and the Bureau of Lighthouses.

In the harbor

appeared boats of the Coast Guard and the Bureau of Marine Inspection and Navigation performing their duties, and in the distance was an airport for amphibian planes complete with weather bureau station, course markers, radio broadcasting tion

and airplane beacons, representing the work of the

The

entire

sta-

Civil Aeronautics Authority.

Diorama had two sequences, a daytime scene and a night

scene.

In the night scene spotlights picked out each one of the above mentioned items and, synchronized with them, transparencies appeared below describing the particular activities

shown.

The following agencies were represented

in this

Diorama

Department of Agriculture

Weather Bureau

Department of Commerce

Bureau of Light Houses United States Coast Guard & Geodetic Survey

Bureau of Marine Inspection and Navigation

Civil Aeronautics Authority

United States Maritime Commission Post Office Department

Bureau of Customs Treasury Department United Stales Coast Guard

This

was a sectionalized model of a boat of the type that

the United States Maritime Commission.

shown

the various protective features

tions of the United Slates

it,

being subsidized by

by means of animated

lights

were

and devices required by law under the regula-

Maritime (commission and Bureau of Marine Inspection and

Navigation. The whole exhibit expressed the efforts of the United States Government

[102]

â&#x20AC;&#x201D; to

forward safety and efficiency in our Merchant Marine.

smoke detecting life

Government

and

In connection with each one of these safety devices the trans-

parency below illuminated describing more States

shown

devices, automatic sprinkler system, self-closing bulkhead doors

boat equipment.

In the chart

In this model were

fully just

what

for the protection of passengers, crew

room adjacent

to the

being done by the United

and cargo on the high

seas.

wheel house were shown publications of the Bureau

of Light Houses and the Coast and Geodetic Survey which are necessary for use in

navigation.

The following agencies were represented

in this

model

Department of Commerce

Bureau of Marine Inspection and Navigation United States Coast and Geodetic Survey United States Maritime Commission

IXLAIVD

WATERWAYS CORPORATIONS This large double colored photographic transparency showed

routes of Inland

Waterways

first,

map

of the

United States over which the Inland Waterways

in the

Corporation has jurisdiction, and second, a photograph of one of the locks on the

upper Mississippi River.

Below the Inland

this

transparency appeared copy describing in greater detail the work of

Waterways Corporation.

[

103

[

104

]

SUMMARY of

Foreign Relations Theme Here the spectator was shown the relationship of the United States

to its neigh-

bors; the interrelationship between the State Department and various other depart-

ments of the Government concerned with foreign relations; the issuing of passports

and what the passport means

to a traveling

American; the diplomatic representation of

our Government throughout the world.

The sculpture

of Foreign Relations

was

world.

At the base of the figure the prow of a

denoted commerce and

trade.

bank facade, denoted the

hand

a heroic female figure, the right

holding a parchment symbolic of State papers, the

left

hand

ship, with a

resting

dock

on a globe of the

in the

background,

and a box, together with a

bale, a barrel,

activities of trade, the channels of

stylized

which are kept open by

friendly relations with foreign countries.

The mural depicted

The Plea

six historic

Benjamin Franklin

nette; (2) the

Monroe Doctrine

for

moments

in America's foreign relations:

French aid before Louis

in the

hand of

its

XVI and Marie

author. President

Monroe;

delivery by

Commodore Perry

peror;

the denunciation of British shipping tactics during the Civil

(4)

Charles Francis

Adams

(ll

Antoi(3

)

of President Fillmore's address to the Japanese

before Queen Victoria;

(5)

the concept of the

the

Em-

War by

League of

Nations by President Wilson at Versailles; and (6) the signing of disarmament and peace pacts in an international gathering, under the figure of Columbia.

head of Columbia, goddess of peace and plenty, appeared the

seal of the

Above

the

Department

of State, the author and director of our international relations.

Agencies represented: Department of State, International Boundary Connnissions.

[

106

[

107

]

Foreign Relations Tlieme CEXERAL DESCRIPTIOX The lefthand

side of this exhibit

State Department;

was devoted

and the lighthand side

domestic activities of the

to the

the foreign activities of the State De-

partment.

The following descriptions of individual theme as

units start at the extreme left of the

in place in the Exhibits Halls.

THREE TRAIVSPARENCIES The

transparency

first

International

map and accompanying

text explained the

Boundary Commission between the United

States

work

and Canada

of the to pro-

mote the improvement of boundary parks and reservations.

The second transparency contained International

below

the statement regarding the

Boundary Commission between

the United States

work of the

and Mexico, and

Third transparency showed the Rio Grande rectification project on the Mexican border by means of a colored airplane photograph.

ANOIATED CHART This animated chart was about eighteen feet long and four and one-half

feet

high and showed by means of flashing lights and grouped transparencies the relationship of the State Department to the various other departments of the Government

when

the State

Department

concerned with Foreign Relations.

PASSPORT UIORA^IA This diorama was a harbor scene at night and boat was shown with people boarding

Ferry boats plied back and forth text

in the in

in the

foreground the prow of a

middle distance.

the distance.

Below

this

concerning the activities of the State Department with regard

passports,

and

also with regaid to

what the passport means

was explanatory to the issuing of

to a traveling

American.

THEME SrHEPTlJRE In the center of this sculptural

group stood an heroic female figure with a con-

ventional laurel wreath and garland descending to the shoulders.

she held a parchment symbolizing State papers; her

[109]

left

In her right

iuind la\

hand

repose on a

â&#x20AC;&#x201D; To

stylized globe of the world.

ground denoted commerce and

the

left,

a steamship

In the

trade.

left

prow with a dock

in the back-

foreground, a bale, barrel, and box,

together with a stylized bank facade denoted the activities of trade, the channels of

which are

open by satisfactory relations with foreign countries.

left

REVOLVING MURAL The following paragraph describes Because international history the United States has been

scenes.

This mural selected

relations career which, beginning with

Benjamin Franklin for French aid before Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette,

showed how the diplomacy of

country has widened to embrace the whole world

this

through pacts for peace, disarmament,

growth were symbolized

in the

dress to the Japanese

War by

Emperor;

and

The diplomatic highlights

trade.

Monroe Doctrine here

President Monroe; in the delivery, by

the Civil

and theme of the mural

so frequently dramatic, the international life of

marked by many memorable

moments from America's foreign

six historic

the plea of

briefly the content

Commodore

author.

its

Perry, of President Fillmore's ad-

in the denunciation of British shipping tactics

Charles Francis

Adams

during

before Queen Victoria; and in the concep-

League of Nations by President Wilson

tion of the

held in the hand of

of this

at Versailles.

Above

the head of

Columbia, goddess of peace and plenty, appeared the seal of the State Department, the author

and director of our international

relations.

REVOLVING CHART Through

a circular opening in this chart could be seen in succession the varied

activities of the State

Department.

ILLUMINATED MAP OF THE WORLD By means

map showed

of colored lights this

the State Department.

The

the location of the

particular type of office

many

was indicated by

offices of

a red. blue,

amber, white or green light which could be quickly identified by means of a transparency located

in the center of the

The map was divided

map.

into three sections,

the entire world, and a third, which

two of which contained the countries of

was a more detailed map of Europe.

SLIDE PROJECTOR By means

of twenty-five colored slides there were here

the foreign offices of the State Department.

these

many

outlying places look

shown

in review

Here the spectator was able

some

to see

what

like.

In the Fair season of 1940. the slides were replaced by film projected by an iconovisor.

[Ill]

SUMMARY Mnternat Protection

Theme

Dioramas and transparencies were particularly adaptable theme of internal protection.

illustrating

the

In addition to general law enforcement, as for example

immigration laws, the exhibit covered the following forms of protection: Disasters ties,

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;

Activities of Federal agencies in protecting forests, rural

homes, and coasts from the ravages of

Crime

fire,

communi-

wind, storm, and flood.

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;Training of Federal personnel for the apprehension of criminals and

the

application of this training; prison rehabilitation of the enemies of society and their

conversion into useful citizens.

Another phase of internal protection shown was the

prevention of circulation of counterfeit money, accompanied by a simple explanation of

how

the

layman can

detect spurious currency.

In the theme sculpture the forces for internal protection were characterized by a

male figure with broadsword, standing beside the serpent of evil.

he helps

his side

projjerty

law and trampling upon living,

which

preserve.

The mural unfolded and

tablets of the

were the symbols of orderly, peaceful

the story of the vigilant internal defense of

American

life

by agents and agencies of the Government.

Agencies represented: Department of Agriculture, Department of Justice. De-

partment of Labor, Department of the Treasury,

[113]

War

Department.

fill]

[115]

loternal Protection

Theme

GENERAL DESCHIPTIOX The

side of this exhibit was devoted to the policing activities of the

lellliaiul

Secret Service of the Treasury Department, and the Department of Justice.

hand

was devoted

side

to those

also miscellaneous agencies

right-

agencies which prevent crime in time of disaster; and

which enforce the law.

The following descriptions iheme as

The

of individual units start at the extreme right of the

in place in the exhibits Hall.

THREE TRAXSPAREXCIES By means work done bv

of three circular colored transparencies the Immigration

and the accompanying

text the

and Naturalization Service and the Coast Guard

keeping aliens from our boundaries was shown.

FOREST SERVICE TRAlVSPAREXtY Here a large colored photographic transparency showed the men and equipment of the Forest Service used in protecting our forests

from the ravages of forest

fire,

and rural communities or homes

wind, storm or flood.

TWO-SCEXE COAST GUARD DIORAI^IA Scene No. The

first

scene showed the Coast Guard in action on ihe seacoast.

equipment of the Coast Guard for forms of the men. detail the

When

work of the

this t\j)e of

this scene

All of the

work was shown together with

was illuminated the

text

below described

the uniin

(x)ast C/uard in jjcrfonning this function.

Scene No. 2

The second again

all

sreiic

showed how

the Coast (iuard functions in time of (lood.

of the ei(uipinent used in |)erforming this

accompanying lects the lives

text described

and

l\ pi^

how. under these circumstances, (he

pro|)erl\ of the pi'0|)le of the

[117]

Here

work was shown and

nited States.

(^oast (iuard

the

\no-

[118

[119]

[J20J

â&#x20AC;&#x201D; TWO-SCEXE DIORA^IA Here

two scenes could he observed the

activities of the

National Guard in

limes of peace and in times of national disaster.

Scene No.

The

first

scene showed the National

Guardsmen

in training

camp, also the type of

equipment and uniforms worn by the men.

Scene No. 2 This scene showed these same

men

in time of national disaster, that

being in this

case an earthquake.

The

below these dioramas described more

text

fully the operation

and work of

the National Guard.

THEME SCULPTURE In the center of this sculptural group stood a virile male figure with broadsword

personifying the character and strength of our forces for the preservation of law and

prevention of danger within our borders.

trampled a serpent of sented by

evil,

stood beside tablets of the law and

thereby preserving peaceful

homes with smoke curling from

life

on land and sea as repre-

and a

the chimneys

sailing vessel protected

from a rockbound coast by a lighthouse.

REVOLVING MURAL The following paragraph

describes briefly the content and theme of the mural

There are enemies and dangers within the gates that make imperative a vigilant internal defense of

American

life

and property,

li the

enemies be criminals, fugitive

from the law, the United States Department of Justice can offender through

its

fingerprint

files

identify

and hunt out each

or rogues gallery of portraits. Likewise, these

agents protect the nation's currency against the crime of counterfeiting, tracing fraudulent

money

where detectives and police can

to its source

the act.

From dangers

the law

and the

of the shore and sea.

lives of

American

citizens;

seize the counterfeiters in

United States Coast Guard defends

smugglers are stopped, the shipwrecked

are rescued, and those in need of immediate surgery are flown from ship to land. Finally, order

preserved by the National Guard

case of riot or disaster.

THREE-PHASE PRISON DIORAMA Scene No.

This scene showed

a prisoner at

work

[1211

in the jirison

shoe shop.

[122]

â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Scene No. 2 In this scene the same

man was

being released by the warden on parole and

Scene No. 3

The

third scene

showed him

rehabilitated by prison training

work

commercial shoe shop, having been

in a

and having become once more a

useful citizen to the

community.

The agency here represented

the

Bureau of Prisons of the Department of

Justice.

MOVING PICTURE PROJECTOR By means

of a continuous attachment a

moving

picture

work

in this opening, dealing with "inside" phases of the

was continuously shown

of the Federal

Investigation of the Department of Justice in the training of

apprehension of criminals.

make

Bureau of

personnel and the

its

The moving picture required about

three minutes to

a complete cycle.

ANIMATED MAP OF THE UNITED STATES This map, by means of colored lights and neon tubing, showed the location of the

United States District Attorney's

offices

and the headquarters of the Federal Bureau

Neon tubing was used

of Investigation located throughout the country.

in connection

with transparencies below to describe in dramatic form the process by which a criminal

apprehended through the National

facilities

of the Federal Bureau of Inves-

tigation.

TWO DIORAMAS These two dioramas showed dramatically the work of the United States Secret Service of the Treasury Department, in the protection of the the United States,

and

scene was of the White House, showing Secret Service

of the President of

life

in the prevention of the circulation of

men

bad money. The in

first

readiness for the

arrival of the President.

The second scene showed carried on.

it,

the interior of a typical plant

the Secret Service

men had

and some of them were busy inspecting Below

this

just

where counterfeiting

apprehended two counterfeiters,

the bills.

diorama were shown one

dollar, five dollar

and

ten dollar bills, one

genuine and one counterfeit of each, with a simple explanation describing how the

layman can

detect spurious currency.

In the Fair season of 1940 a

more elaborate display

of spurious and genuine

were shown here together with a continuous motion picture

entitled

"Know Your

Money," supplied through the courtesy of the United States Secret Service. hibit

was always

well attended

and among the most popular of

building.

[123]

all

l)ills

This ex-

exhibits in the

SUMMARY Nntiomil Defense Theme The work of

exhibit on the defense of the Nation was an effective demonstration of the

arms of the Government.

the protecting

—This phase of the exhibit portrayed the combat branches and the various

Army

services of the

Army

in action

Infantry, Field Artillery, Air Corps, Coast Artillery,

Mechanized Cavalry, Corps of Engineers, Signal Corps, Ordnance, Chemical Warfare Service, Medical Department,

Navy the keel

—The

was

story

and the launching

in peacetime, also the

way

and the supply system.

told of the building of a

man-of-war from the laying of Fleet

maneuvers were seen

the fleet goes into action against the

enemy; and the Ma-

to the

completed ship

at sea.

rines deployed in attack formation.

The

spectator saw the Coast

Guard performing

its

many

interrelated duties of

law enforcement; the various types of vessels in the American Merchant Marine, they

how

may

be camouflaged, and

The

sculpture was dominated by an impressive male figure personifying Pre-

how

they serve in time of war.

paredness. His uplifted right hand held a monoplane and the the Stars

and

Stripes.

Grouped around him were

left

held a shield bearing

units of national defense

— a military

tank superimposed on a coast defense fortress, a partially submerged submarine, the

bow and forward mast

of a battleship.

In the mural the evolution of our national defense was successively portrayed

through the different kinds of warfare the Nation has known dence, frontier Indian wars, border wars, the

War

— the

War

of Indepen-

between the States, and foreign

wars.

Agencies represented : Department of the Navy, Department of the Treasury.

United States Maritime Commission.

War

[

Department.

125

]

[126]

[127]

[

I2Â«J

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;

National Defense

Theme

GENERAL DESCRIPTION The lefthand

side of this exhibit

ment; and the righthand side States

was devoted

to that of the

to the

work

of the

War

Depart-

Navy, the Coast Guard, and the United

Maritime Commission.

The following descriptions theme as

of individual units start at the extreme

left

of the

in place in the exhibits Hall.

REVOLVING CHART This revolving chart was composed of

six,

three-sided prisms which revolved in

such a way as to present, when their faces were lined up, a complexities of the supply system of the United States It

showed from how very many

the use of the

army

different phases of

flat

painting showing the

Army. our National

life

products for

are gathered together and taken to central distributing depots.

INFANTRY DIORA3IA This was a scene of typical battlefield terrain on which were shown by means of

little

spot lights various

arms of the

infantry.

These were as follows .30 Caliber Rifle .30 Caliber

and Bayonet

Machine Gun

Light, fast tank

37 Millimeter Gun .45 Caliber

Automatic Pistol

81 Millimeter Mortar

Hand Grenade .30 Caliber

Automatic

Rifle

FIELR ARTILLERY DIORAMA Ihis

Diorama showed

the Field Artillery in action. In

was shown

7.i

milli-

meter gun used by the Field Artillery and the notation l)eh)w described a similar gun of 15.5 millimeters also used by the Field Artillery.

[129]

Am CORPS DIORAMA In this Diorama was shown a view of an air field and a replica of a heavy bomber.

COAST ARTILLERY DIORA^IA In this Diorama were shown in action a 12-inch mortar on a railway car and also several anti-aircraft

guns

in the distance.

SIX-PHASE DIORAMA These

six

Dioramas showed the other arms and

Army, and included Scene No.

services of the United States

typical scenes as follows:

The Mechanized Cavalry

in action.

Scene No. 2

pontoon bridge representing the corps of engineers.

Scene No. 3

battlefield scene

work of

showing a man operating a one-man radio, representing the

the Signal Corps.

Scene No. 4 This showed

men

carrying another

man on

a stretcher

from the

battlefield, repre-

senting the Medical Department.

Scene No. 5 This was a scene representing the manufacture of big guns

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;Ordnance

Depart-

ment.

Scene No. 6

Showed

a battlefield with soldiers wearing gas

masks

â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Chemical Warfare Service.

THEME SCULPTURE In the center of this sculptural group stood an impressive male figure exemplify-

ing preparedness. while in his

left

In his right

hand he held

hand he held a monoplane symbolizing

a shield bearing the stars

and below him were shown various

and

stripes.

air strength,

Grouped around

units for national defense including a military

tank super-imposed on a coast defense fortress, the

bow and forward mast

ship in idealized form without guns, and a partially submerged submarine.

[131]

of a battle-

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;

REVOLVING MITRAL The following paragraph describes

briefly the content

and theme of the mural

Their equipment has changed, but the American soldier and sailor remain the first

defenders of what the United States stands for.

our National Defense this

successively portrayed through the various kinds of warfare

War

country has known, the

oursehes.

Army and Navy

heavv motorized

From

slro\ers.

Now

peace with the Indian, our neighbors, and

)et necessary for us to be prepared against attack.

United States

todav,

of Independence, frontier Indian wars, Border wars,

War. and foreign wars.

the Civil

In this mural the evolution of

artillery

the

that end, the

maintain a fighting rig inferior to none, whether

bombing squadrons,

anti-aircraft units

cannon of the American Revolution

from the Monitor and the Merrimac

to the

the

or naval de-

75mm

fieldpiece of

newest battleship, the tradition of

our armed forces has continued in the sure defense of the United States.

SIX-PHASE NAVY DIORAMA The Dioramas shown Scene No.

in this series told the story of the building of a

Man'o War.

The laying

of the keel.

Scene No. 2 Building of the hull.

Scene No. 3 Completing the

hull.

Scene No. 4 Building up the superstructure.

Scene No. 5 Launching the

ship.

Scene No. 6

The completed ship

at sea.

THE FLEET IN PEA4 E DKIRAMA Tills

was an

cNciiiiig

scene sliowing sailois

selves in a foreign porl willi

anchor

'Ihis

country

th(!

harbor

llic sliip

[roni wliicli tlic\

foreground cnjoNiiig themlia\c jusi (iiscmliarkcd

ing

ihv distance.

Diorama indicated "(iood Neighbor

the imporlanl part the j)olicy.

[132]

Navy

!)la\s

maintaining the

DIORAMA-The

FOlIR-PHA<$E

Fleet in

This series of Dioramas indicated the way

War in

which the

fleet

goes into batlle. All

four scenes were as viewed from the deck of a battleship.

Scene No.

Showed

the approach and deployment.

Scene No. 2 Opening

fire

on the enemy.

Scene No. 3

The enemy formation broken.

Scene No. 4 Pursuit of the enemy and rescue.

CORPS DIORAMA

3IARIIVE

This Diorama was a scene of a tropical shore.

In the foreground were

the Marines in uniform being deployed in attack formation,

proaching in boats, were

and

shown

in the distance, ap-

the reserves.

OAST GUARD DIORAMA This Diorama showed the Coast Guard patrol boat in action as the Federal Maritime Police force performing scene was as

its

many

inter-related duties of law enforcement.

The

taken from the deck of an accompanying Coast Guard Cutter.

ANIMATED CHART This animated chart was composed of six triangular prisms revolving horizontally,

the faces of which

when

lined

up presented a

flat

surface upon which appeared

paintings showing the various types of vessels in the American Merchant Marine, and

how

these

may

be camouflaged and

what use they may be put

time of war.

Tln-nic Srulpturr I

nulc Tlicnn'

and Rcrolving Mural

SUMMARY oi

Trade Theme This exhibit

fell

naturally into two parts, one concerned with domestic trade and

the other with foreign trade.

Domestic trade

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;The

visitor

saw the location of the most important agricultural

marketing and industrial centers in the United States; the areas in which the major resources of our national

economy are produced and how

them; and the various industrial phases of American trade

the

Government

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;power,

affects

mining, manu-

facture, trading in stocks of these industrial pursuits.

Foreign trade

â&#x20AC;&#x201D; International trade agreements were

a dramatic presentation of their effect of this country and of the world.

vitalized for the observer

upon the agricultural and

industrial markets

This section of the theme further emphasized

Federal safeguards in relation to food, drugs, insecticides, and fungicides manufactured in or shipped into the United States; the countries of origin of our most important imports; and the location throughout the world of United States Government

agencies concerned with world trade. In the center of the sculptural group stood a sack of the

money;

Commerce.

In her left

hand she held

Grouped around her were symbols

in her right a trade balance.

raw materials of trade and commerce.

The development

American trade

of clipper ships to the present

Agencies represented :

Department of

in the international

day was traced

network from the days

in the mural.

Department of Agriculture, Department of Commerce,

State, Federal

Trade Commission, United States Tariff Connnission.

[135]

[

137

]

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;

Trade Theme GENERAL DESCItlPTION The lefthand

side of this

theme was devoted

to those agencies

concerned with

domestic trade; and the righthand side to those agencies concerned with foreign trade.

The following

description of individual units starts at the extreme

left

of the theme

as in place in the exhibits hall.

DOMESTIC TRADE MAP This was a large

map

of the United States

from behind.

plastic, illuminated

made from

were shown in different colors the areas

which are produced dairy products, vegetables, grains, of our National economy.

translucent Phenol-Resin

oil,

coal and other resources

These were illuminated together with transparencies of

text adjacent to the

map which

ment

Also shown, by means of small lamps, were the most important

affects

them.

explained what they are and

how

the Federal Govern-

agricultural marketing and industrial centers of the United States.

The Government agencies here represented are

as follows

Department of Commerce Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce Bureau of Census Department of Agriculture

Bureau of Agricultural Economics Federal Trade Commission

This

map was

replaced in 1940 by a similar

map which

could be operated by the

spectator to illuminate various producing sections of the country. lar feature of the season

TWO

This was a popu-

and was supplied by courtesy of the Department of Commerce.

TWO-SCEBfE D10RA3IAS These four Dioramas, similar

to the

four regarding Agricultural Trade, were

concerned with the various industrial phases of American trade.

The

first

of these

The second,

Dioramas represented

a large electrical

power

plant.

a mine.

The

third, a large

'i'he

fourth and final scene, the interior of the

manufacturing plant and

New York

trading in stocks in these various industrial activities vision of the Securities

and Exchange Commission.

Stock Exchange, where

carried on under the super-

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;

TWO

TWO-SCEIVE DIORA3IAS These four Dioramas as a group, together with the transparencies below them,

and synchronized with them, described the influence that the Federal Government has on our Agricultural production and markets.

The

first

Diorama showed

a large western wheat

farm where grain was being

cultivated.

Ihe next Diorama was

a scene of a large

farm where a threshing machine was

operation.

The next showed

a large grain elevator, near a lake,

loaded into barges and the the

final scene

from which grain was being

was a view of the Chicago wheat

Commodity Exchange Administration

of the

pit

over which

Department of Agriculture extends

control of futures in grain and other commodities.

THEME SCULPTURE In the center of this sculptural group stood an heroic female figure personifying

commerce.

In her left

hand she held

bag of money and

in her right a trade balance.

Grouped around her were bales and sheaves of wheat, while trees all

a silo, barn, oil well,

and

symbolized the raw materials of trade.

REVOLVING MURAL The following paragraph The coming

describes briefly the content and theme of the mural

and going out of goods has firmly joined the United Stales

international network of world trade.

Barrels,

and

bales,

to the

lugged into the hold of a

clipper ship, were carried to and from the ports of foreign nations so steadily that the figure of an trade.

American sea captain became

a romantic

symbol of

In those ports today, consular representatives facilitate this

native merchants, so that the streams of

this country's

commerce with

American products may continue

At home, the Commodity and Security Exchange Commissions watch over goods, working for a fair and honest distribution both here and abroad. inevitable result of

all

be sold; and industry

of this, in

American industry knows where

foreign lands learns where to mail

[110]

its

the

to swell.

this flow of

And

as the

products can best

orders.

â&#x20AC;&#x201D; TRADE AGREEMEXTS DIORAMA This Diorama was about ten feet long and symbolized the way

agreements benefit the agricultural and industrial markets of

this

which trade

country and of the

world.

The Diorama had two phases.

The higher

first

phase showed the inactivity resulting from nations building higher and

tariff walls

against one another's products.

curved form representing the

curve of the earth, painted a seagreen color was bounded tical walls

gates,

symbolic of the high

tariff barriers

and inside them could be seen

and right by

at the left

These walls had

between countries.

factories, shipping yards,

ver-

and agricultural

areas,

inactive because of these restrictions.

The second phase showed

the gates in the tariff wall being opened, boats plying

back and forth across the ocean carrying goods from one country activity within the factories liantly lighted than the first

and agricultural

This

areas.

last

to another,

phase was more

and bril-

and dramatically portrayed the advances of trade agree-

ments.

The agencies participating

in this

Diorama are

as follows

Department of State

Department of Commerce Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce United States Tariff Commission Federal Trade Commission

FOUR TRANSPARENCIES These four colored transparencies showed views of the

Drug Administration of the Department of Agriculture, and tion's

duty to see to

that foods, drugs, insecticides

activities of the

how

Food and

this administra-

and fungicides manufactured or

shipped into the United States are neither adulterated nor misbranded.

WORLD TRADE MAP This was a cutout

map

silhouetted on the

background by means of

light

emanat-

ing from around the sides, and on which were painted the various countries of the

world with models superimposed upon them of the most important products coming from them

to the

United States.

In connection with transparencies in the center panel of this lights lighted

Commerce

electric

up automatically on the face and showed the seaports served by the

United States Maritime Commission; the tic

map. small

of the Department of

offices of the

Commerce; and

Bureau of Foreign and Domesthe Foreign Office of the State

Department concerned with world trade and trade agreements. Also shown were the nineteen countries with which the United States has trade agreements.

(January 1939)

[Ml]

SUMMARY oi

Theme

Social Welfare may

literally

extend to

ties

all

be said that in the

walks of

life

field of social

and cover the

welfare the Government's activi-

citizen's

path from the cradle to the

All phases of these activities were set forth in the exhibit:

grave.

The well-being

of mothers

and children studied and improved

general welfare and betterment of working conditions of

homemaker and

for the

specifically for the

protection of the national health

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;

extension services

unwholesome

living condi-

housing for low-income groups and the

ant elimination of hazards; research to protect

life

and property from

result-

insects; restric-

on the distribution of narcotics; promotion of the social and physical well-being

tions

numerous ways;

housewife on the farm; promotion and

clinics, elimination of

tions, installation of sanitary facilities;

women;

American Indians;

facilities for

veterans

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;

rehabilitation

and hospitalization; aid

the needy blind; charitable institutions; old-age assistance.

The elderly

sculpture

man

showed the Government as the patroness of

her side represented Old-Age Security.

globe with the outlines of the

New World

female figure with a child suggested the betterment of living conditions for

The mural tions,

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;a

In his

social welfare;

man

held a

smaller

Government

for the

hand

the

haven for the immigrant.

many

women and

services of the

children.

illustrated that the social welfare of the Nation, with all its ramifica-

has become an essential concern of the Federal Government.

Agencies represented: Civilian Conservation Corps, Department of Agriculture,

Department of the

Interior,

Department of Labor, Department of the Treasury, Na-

tional

Youth Administration, Public Health Service, Social Security Board, United

States

Housing Authority, Veterans' Administration, Work Projects Administration.

[113]

[Ill]

[116]

Social Welfare

Theme

GENERAL DESCRIPTION At the extreme

left

end of

this

theme was a section devoted

to the Veterans'

Administration; and at the extreme right end of the theme a section devoted to the welfare of the Indians.

Between the veterans' section and the theme sculpture the

space was devoted to the welfare of children, youth, and public health; and between

and the theme sculpture on the right were shown the

the Indian section

activities of

ihose agencies concerned with the welfare of the adult.

The following theme as

descriptions of individual units start at the extreme right of the

in place in the exhibits Hall.

MAP TRANSPARENCY This

map

transparency was three and one-half feet long and showed the entire

United States on which were located the various Indian Reservations throughout the country.

Adjacent to

showing what the to

promote the

this

map was

a series of transparencies of photographs and text

Office of Indian Affairs of the

social

Department of the Interior

and physical wellbeing of the American Indians

These two units were

set off against a

doing

in its charge.

background composed of a photo-mural

showing typical Indian scenes. In

1940 the transparencies on Indian Affairs were replaced by a screen for

iconovisor projection of similar material.

COLORED CHART TRANSPARENCY This approximately three feet square colored chart transparency showed the results of the

work

of the

Bureau of Narcotics of the Treasury Department

venting the shipment, sale and use of narcotics in the United

in pre-

States.

TWO-SCENE DIORAMA Scene No.

This showed the interior of a kitchen of a typical country

mental educational agencies had had the opportunity

modern housekeeping and home management.

[1.1.7]

home

teach

the

before govern-

farmer

wife

SCEME No. 2 This scene showed the remodeled kitchen after governmental agencies had had the opportunity to teach the farm housewives how to replan their kitchen and manage the

home.

The bureau

chiefly

concerned with

this

work

the extension service of the

Department of Agriculture, and transparencies below the Diorama described

and where the information concerning

may

this

work

be obtained.

SLIDE PROJECTOR On

a screen approximately two feet high and three feet wide appeared in se-

quence photographic

slides

showing interior and exterior views of the various gov-

ernmental Eleemosynary Institutes.

These

slides

showed the

Colum-

activities of the

bia Institute for the Deaf, St. Elizabeth's Hospital, Freedmen's Hospital and

Howard

University.

MECHANICAL BOOK This mecahnical book was manufactured in such a way that the pages to turn over automatically

come

and a

series of charts,

was possible for

photographs and text

into view.

The

first

two pages of

this

book showed the work of the Social Security Board

providing aid to the needy blind.

The second two pages showed how

the

WPA

promotes health with the coopera-

tion of public health authorities in the providing of health clinics, in the repair

and

enlargement of hospitals and the building of miles of w ater and sewer mains, thereby protecting the public against

The

third two pages

hookworm and

showed how

malaria.

the services of the United

Housing

States

Authority have been put to work to provide projects for low-income groups.

The fourth two pages showed how

this

work

Authority protects the country against crime, disease and the ravages of

The of

fifth

two pages showed how the

Wage and Hour

Labor has contributed toward the betterment

of "a floor under wages

The

last

and a

Housing

of the United States

fire.

Division of the Department

of labor standards by the provision

ceiling over hours."

two pages told how government research protects the American public

against loss of

life

and property from

insects.

SERIES OF FIVE DIORAMAS This series of five dioramas showed, together with transparencies below,

work provided by

the

WPA

how

the

and the assistance provided by the Social Security

[

M'9

]

Srrirs of

our Dioramu.s

[150]

Board makes and

maintain decent standards of living,

shelter.

diorama showed a slum scene replaced by a work project, thereby

first

men from

taking

man

possible for the working

buy food, clothing and

The

buy

the streets

food, clothing

and

and providing them with an income with which they may

shelter, as represented respectively in

each of the other four

dioramas.

SERIES OF FOUR DIORAMAS These four Dioramas represented the way life

and welfare of the

The

which the Government protects the

adult.

scene showed the work of the Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quaran-

first

tine of the

Department of Agriculture

devastation of harmful insects.

protecting areas of the country from the

This scene showed a plant quarantine inspection

tion with a vegetable truck being inspected

The second scene showed

by Government inspectors.

the interior of an office of the Immigration

alization Service with foreigners taking the oath to

The and

third scene

sta-

make them United

was that of an immigration station

at the

and Natur-

States citizens.

border of our country,

mbolically in the background people w ere arriving on our shores and borders

by airplane, boat,

train

and other forms of transportation, but were

by our Immigration and Naturalization Service

at these stations,

first

examined

thereby preventing

the entrance into this country of undesirable aliens.

The fourth scene was Laboratory

investigation of foods

Under actual

day

that of the interior of a

which was shown a member of the

these

work of

and drugs sold

in the

Food and Drug Administration performing his duties

staff

United States.

four Dioramas the transparencies described in

and demonstrated how thev

the agencies concerned,

in the

the

detail

affect the every-

of every adult citizen of the United States.

life

OLD ACE ASSISTANCE DIORAMA This Diorama showed an aged

man

receixing a check through the mail which

represented his compensation under the Social Security Act.

through

this

compensation

this

modest security and happiness during

The scene indicated

aged workman and his wife were able

that

live

their old age.

transparency below this Diorama described in more detail the benefits accru-

ing under the Social Security Act.

TIIE^IE

SCULPTURE In the center of this sculptural group stood a large female figure representing the

government as a benevolent patroness of elderly

man

.^o( ial

represented Old Age Securil). while

[

151

]

W Clfare. in his

To the

I(>ft

hand he held

of the figure an a globe

showing

Two-Same Dioram Scene One

[152]

—

the

new world

in outline signifying

as a haven for the immigrant.

small female figure with a child suggested the offers

many

services which the

the right a

government

toward the betterment of living conditions for women and children.

REVOLVING MURAL The following paragraph describes

and theme

briefly the content

of the

mural

—

Only two short generations ago, the welfare of a jobless working man and his

Today

family depended upon private generosity of the wealthy.

become

From

the important concern of the Government.

Social Welfare has

the time they descend the

gangplank, immigrants as well as visitors are aware of Federal vigilance in protecting

examined for contagion, the cargo of

the national well-being; their bodies are

ship

searched for smuggled narcotics.

ment guards

health,

its citizens'

residents, they

showing mothers what

their

soon see how the Govern-

to feed their children, enforc-

ing the law that says labels of foods and drugs must

tell

the truth, improving the

working conditions of women employees. The drive toward universal better living unemployed, the veteran, the child and the

moves through agencies

that benefit the

youth; and that, at

bring security and rest to those in later years.

last,

REVOLVING CHART This revolving chart was illuminated by blue neon

light,

and through an open-

ing there could be seen photographs and brief explanation of the varied activities of the Public Health Service in

promoting and protecting our national health.

A SERIES OF SIX DIORAMAS ON CHILD AND YOUTH AIDS The

first

"deadend"

of this series of

street

wherein the

Dioramas represented

dirt,

a scene as taken at the

end of a

squalor and generally bad living conditions of this

type of neighborhood were clearly shown.

The following

Dioramas together showed

five

through local agencies has been able

the

ways

which the Government

improve these living conditions by providing

— Play areas adolescents children Two — School lunches Three — Work such CCC provides by building roads and im|)roving National youths enabling them trade Four — Shop training do pioviding work them Five — Assistance One

for

to learn a

for

to college peoj^le in

hel})

them

i)arks

for

in college to

pay their own way

Text below these Dioramas described in more detail how the Federal Government accomplishes this work.

[

]

Two-Srcin'

(^liild

Welfare Diorama

Scene One

[151]

Two-Scene Child Welfare Diorama Scene Two

[155]

[156

SCULPTURAL MODEL AXD CHART This piece of sculpture consisted of a mother with an infant in her arms and with a

little girl

standing close to her.

The group represented

which the government has made

that field in

efforts to

improve the health and general well-being of mothers and children through the work

Bureau of the Department of Labor.

of the Children's

Adjacent

group stood a two-sided chart upon which appeared interesting

to this

comparative figures on motherhood and child care.

TWO-SCEXE DIORAMA The

women were

scene showed the interior of a typical factory in which

first

working.

Diorama was exemplified the improved working conditions which from the efforts of the Women's Bureau of the Department of Labor.

In this

have resulted

In connection with this Diorama, a transparency below indicated further activities

of the

Women's Bureau

promoting general welfare of women.

The second scene showed

young couple seated

budget, aid in the preparation of which

at a table

working on the famih

Home

furnished by the Bureau of

Eco-

nomics of the Department of Agriculture.

transparency in connection with this Diorama described in more detail other

homemakers which are studied and furnished by

subjects useful to the

the bureau.

FOUR TRANSPARENCIES These

four

transparencies

with

together

the

Children's Bureau of the Department of Labor

text

doing

below to

showed

what

the

promote child welfare.

Three of them were drawings each representing a different service which the Children's

Bureau provides through

local authorities,

in connection with the text

and the fourth, a colored photograph,

told

below of the Child Welfare work of the Social Security

Board.

TWO-SCENE CHILD WELFARE DIORAMA The nity

first

Diorama represented

the conditions

which obtain

where social services for children are not available. The

dren playing amidst

traffic in

in a typical

street scene

commu-

showed

chil-

undesirable and unhealthy surroundings, which tend to

develop juvenile delinquency.

The second scene showed

made

available

the

same

street

corner after social services had been

and greater cooperation had been brought about between the children,

and parents. The transparencies below these dioramas described in more detail done by the Children's Bureau in promoting these better conditions. police, teachers

the

work being

TWO-SCENE VETERAN'S DIORAMA Scene one showed the interior of a typical Veteran's Hospital and indicated the facilities available for

disabled veterans.

The second scene was a replica of a Ij pical veteran s facilit) located on a farm, and showed the veterans performing various kinds of farm work. The text below the Diorama explained that in this way disabled veterans are enabled to make themselves useful and to no longer be public charges. A model adjoining this Diorama was that of the San Francisco Veteran s facility, and showed how modern these hospitals are. Above

this

model was an illuminated colored map sho\sing the location

United Slates of

way

iti

which

llic

tli(>

various veteran

Veteran

facilities,

Admiiiistiatioii

[

157

]

and aboxc

the

this a cliart sliowing tiie

organizetl and fmictions.

Thome

ami Hvvolviim Mural and Hrcrcalioii 'ilicmv

S( ul/tlitn-

lidin itlum. Art

[

158]

SUMMARY of

Educationm Art^ and Recreation Thetne The

country was

set forth in the exhibit

embracing education,

showed the Government's far-reaching participation sity

and recreational

close interrelation between the educational

and recreation.

art.

in all these fields

more formal

of educational facilities which supplement the

facilities of the It

through a diver-

institutions of the

general educational system.

Education

—The

of the farm people

attention to the education

exhibit called

through special extension services; land-grant colleges; vocational education and

re-

Corps camp education; public forums and radio

habilitation; Civilian Conservation

broadcasts; work in educating the public for civil service and providing opportunities for such service;

and national

Art and Recreation

— In

institutions.

the field of the arts the spectator

governmental structures, indicative of the

effort to

provide appropriate housing for the

administrative functions of the national Government in the

development of the Nation's capital

was called

to the facilities offered

was shown typical

—general

Government planning

In the field of recreation attention

city.

by our national parks and

forests as well as

public playgrounds in the cities.

Applicable to both the above groupings

moting the educational and lation, in

which

artistic

many

the

work

of the

Government

in pro-

cooperates with State and local authorities.

The sculpture comprised the

welfare of specified groups of the Nation's popu-

group of figures with appropriate symbols, portraying

aspects of education, art. and recreation that are fostered by the Govern-

ment. In the mural the torch of enlightenment shed

dren.

Accompanying knowledge thus received

may

rays on men.

are the

ernment whereby painting, sculpture, and other out-of-doors

its

arts

women, and

means provided by

may be

chil-

the Gov-

appreciated and the

be enjoyed.

Agencies represented : Civilian Conservation Corps, Commission of Fine Arts. Department of Agriculture, Department of the Interior, Department of Labor. Librarv of Congress, National Capital Park

and Planning Commission, National Youth Ad-

ministration, Office of Education, Public Buildings Administration. Smithsonian Institution,

United States Civil Service Commission, Works Projects Administration.

[159]

[160

[161]

—

— —

—

Education^ Art, and Recreation

Them

GEXERAL DESCRIPTION The lefthand ment concerned

was devoted

side of this exhibit

vvith the

more formal

to those agencies of the

aspects of education

;

Govern-

and the righthand side

those agencies concerned with promoting recreation and the arts.

The following descriptions theme as

of individual units start at the extreme left of the

in place in the exhibits Hall.

OFFICE OF EDUCATION AND EXTENSION SERVICE This exhibit was a

map

panels in each State were

of the United States

shown

and on

the various states in

MAP

by means of ten illuminated

which the

activities of the Office

of Education and the Extension Service are carried out.

These panels were illuminated

in connection with

a Balopticon machine at either side of the map.

one or more slides projected by

Each panel contained

either a small

silhouette symbolic of the subject shown on the slides or a spot with figures repre-

senting the location and extent of a particular activity described on the slides.

The following extent of the

table

work of

shows the animation

the Extension Service.

for the slide projector regarding the

The "readers" were accompanied by

suit-

able photographs in color.

ANIMATION NO.

Reader:

Educating farm people through extension work.

Reader:

The Cooperative Extension Service

—cooperative

because

financed jointly from National, State, and county funds

— employs

more than 9.000 paid extension workers, assisted by 400.000 volunteer local leaders,

who

guide, teach, and serve farm people.

ANIMATION NO. Reader:

Nearly

'^.

all

rural counties have county agricultural agents.

good land use

Photograph:

The farmers' problems

Photograph:

r>.

Soil conservation

Photograph:

Woodland management

Photograph:

(Cooperating in national agricultural adjustment program

Photograph:

!!.

Photograph:

Taking advantage of Federal credit Ellicient

marketing practices

[

l^>2

facilities

—

——

Photograph: 10.

Learning about the best farming practices.

Photograph: 11.

Teaching negro farmers better farming practices.

Reader: 12.

—These

are a few of the services given to farmers by county

agricultural agents.

ANIMATION NO. 3 Photograph

The homemakers' problem

14.

home demonstration

of rural counties have

The majority

Reader: 13.

agents.

of foods

Photograph: 15.

How

manage

Photograph:

16.

How

bring comfort, health and beauty to farm environment.

Photograph:

17.

Photograph

18.

—and — and

home

the

better living conditions.

many

other

home improvements

are taught by

home dem-

ANIMATION NO. 4 4-H Club work helps more than

Reader: 19.

develop life,

and

better

standards

ter

farm boys and

of the

farm boys

girls

in teaching

homemaking methods.

better

Negro 4-H Club members are taught

Photograph: 22.

in teaching bet-

farming methods.

4-H Club work reaches two-thirds of the farm

Photograph: 21.

girls to

homemaking. community

citizenship.

4-H Club work reaches one-half

Photograph: 20.

a million

farming,

become

better farmers

and homemakers.

4-H Club members are taught

Reader: 23.

as a business

and a

life

to look at

farming and homemaking

worthy of their best

efforts.

For further information consult your State Agricultural College

Reader: 24.

or the United States Department of Agriculture.

The following extent of the

shows the animation for the

table

work of the

Office of

Number

regarding the

Education of the Department of the Interior. Each

slide contained a brief reader explaining the

slide projector

photograph

Animation

Scene

Washington

Airplane View-

Washington

Commissioner entering building

Washington

Office of

Light spot

Washington

each State

Commissioner

Promoting Education Research Collecting Information

6. /

Light spot in each State

Disseminating Information

[163]

Slide

Number

Ammatiox

Scene

ashington

Auditorium

10.

Washington

Art Gallery

11.

12.

Washington

School Life

13.

W ashington

Other Publications

14.

Consultation

Library

Facilities

Museum

ashington

States

Washington

15.

Light

Conference

16.

Washington

Public Address

17.

Statps

(Symbols)

Symbol

of college in

each State

one

Q ly. 1

Educational Surveys

more than

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;number how many

Trades and Industries,

Land Grant Colleges Vocational Education & Rehabilitation

Vocational Agriculture,

(2 slides)

Business Education,

Home

Economics,

Retraining Handicapped Adults

48 STATE SY3fBOLS 20.

48 States (Buttons)

CCC Camp

21.

36 States (Symbol)

Forum Demonstrations

22.

Radio

States

(Symbol)

Education

TRAXSPAREXCY This transparency, together with accompanying Service Commission, and explained

its

work

text

regard

showed to

the Office of the Civil

educating the

pul)lic

and

providing opportunity for employment in the Government Service.

EiiinAiiY <ÂťF

oxii;ni:ss

transpaiiexcy

This colored transparency was about two interior

feet

wide by three

feet

high and showed

and exterior views of the Library of Congress together with a

fully describing the

s( i)|)c

anil universality of the

[

161

]

text

below

work of our National Library.

SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTE TRANSPARENCY This was a colored transparency about two and one-half feet wide by three

feet

high which showed interior and exterior views of the Smithsonian Institute.

Below

transparencies of copy described the work of the Smithsonian Institute

our National Museum.

in its capacity as

THEME SCULPTURE In the center of this group stood a large male figure, holding an open book.

the

left,

a female figure holding

masks

in either

hand personified education and

recreation through drama, and below these figures in the center foreground a repre-

sentation of Independence Hall called our attention to our Archives and History.

male figure of a negro holding a banjo before a background of sunflowers and symbolized American musical of Education, Art

arts.

The group

as a unit portrayed the

many

and Recreation which are dependent upon and fostered by

trees

aspects

the

Gov-

ernment.

REVOLVING MURAL The following paragraph describes

The minds,

the talents

Government designed

briefly the content

democratic will of

upward from

through radio and

how

mural

â&#x20AC;&#x201D; a

people. In this mural

the torch held by those of

books.

hands but

their

In turn, the farmer learns

cooperation and through bulletins for

to care for their children.

And

along with these specific

Government provides the means whereby children may learn

ciate the arts of painting

doors.

who keeps her husband's

film, children are taught

parents, mothers learn lessons, the

all its

The beams reach not only children learning with

the farmer's wife as well

the

and the health of Americans demand the attention of

to express the

the informing light of education sweeps

higher learning.

and theme of

and sculpture, and youth of

all

ages

may

to appre-

enjoy the out of

Symbolically, the panorama ends with education reaching out to guide the

descendants of the original Americans.

OUTDOOR RECREATION DIORAMA This Diorama was about fourteen

feet long

showing typical mountain and lake areas ational facilities offered

national public shelter,

may

and consisted of an outdoor scene

which were represented the many recre-

by our National Parks and Forests.

The

activities

which the

enjoy in these recreational areas was indicated by the log cabin

horseback riding parties, fishing groups, swimming groups, hiking groups,

bear feeding groups, picnic grounds and spaces for camping out in activities

grouped themselves

tents.

in a])pr()priate places al)()ul a large lake

of which high mountain peaks rose up and disappeared in the distance. these peaks

was shown a

fire

All these

from the shore

On one

lookout station represenling one of the protective devices

[165]

1^>^>]

provided by the Government for these woodland areas, while out the Diorama, such as typical sign posts, impressed ness of the observer to what lengths the Federal

many

fully

details through-

upon the conscious-

Government goes

to increase his

welfare.

The Diorama had two sequences.

The

first

sequence showed the National Parks and Forests in a daytime setting;

and the second showed

Also, in the second scene, spotlights picked out

at night.

typical activities which were going on

and these were described

the parks,

greater detail by transparencies of text which lighted up simultaneously with the spotlight.

FOUR TRAXSPAREXCIES Four colored transparencies, each about nine inches high and wide, were

shown

of four typical governmental structures.

thirteen inches

Those shown were the

Archives, Supreme Court, Post Office and Labor Department Buildings, and these indicated the efforts for our National

made by

the Procurement Division to provide artistic structures

Government.

LLUMIXATED MAP OF WASHINGTO^^ There were two sequences an illuminated panel the

map

to this display.

of the city of

The

first

Washington

sequence showed by means of

as originally laid out by

Major

L'Enfant.

The second phase showed by means of

map

about three

feet square,

how. since

Washington has become

the time of L'Enfant. the extent of the influence of the city of

enlarged so as to make necessary a regional plan for the area.

The work

of this plan

was indicated as being carried out by the National Capital

Parks and Planning Commission, with the cooperation of the National Fine Arts Commission.

TWO FOUR-PHASE DIORAMAS These two four-phase Dioramas described the work of the Federal Government

promoting the educational and

artistic

welfare of specified groups of the nation's

people.

Two Dioramas

appeared

circular

openings

and

were

illuminated

taneously. In one opening appeared the artistic

The second,

recreational

and/or educational;

work of the government agencies concerned.

[167]

sinuil-

[168]

TWO FOUR-PHASE DIORAMAS Diorama I-B

Diorama i-A This Diorama showed the Interior of a

This was an outdoor scene of a

home

dren's playground near a large city.

in which the parents are seated

reading government publications on the care

Through

children.

window

in the

it,

French

shown playing under

supervision in healthful, safe surround-

background, healthy, hap-

py children could be seen playing

children were

chil-

Text below described how the

ings.

government cooperates with

thorities to

the garden.

make

au-

local

this possible.

Diorama II-A

Diorama II-B

This was an outdoor scene showing the

This was another outdoor scene showing

roadbuilding operation of the Civilian

recreational activities sponsored

Conservation Corps.

were shown making

CCC

tion of their studies in

camp

CCC.

boys

In the left foreground a friendly

boxing match was progressing, while

applica-

practical

by the

the

classes.

background could be seen

group

swimming.

Diorama

Diorama iil-A tional Parks in

which was shown the

our National Parks showing a group of

ar-

sculpture being carried out in Mt.

tistic

Rushmore National Park

hikers

on a

in the carving

of the heads of the presidents

shown

who had stopped

hilltop to listen to a short lecture

Parks Guide.

Diorama IV-B

Diorama IV-A Diorama represented

work being produced by

how

Indians and

through the

the

This was a general outdoor view of a

artistic

modern Indian

American

and

right

the

in the

background were groups of

Indian children carrying on educational

The foreground showed

and recreational programs.

men and women working on

Indian

village.

foreground was shown an Indian school,

being preserved

facilities of the Office of In-

dian Affairs.

moment

for a

on the out-of-doors given by a National

the distance above a line of pines.

This

If I-B

This was an outdoor scene in one of

This was an outdoor scene of our Na-

pottery.

THREE-SCEIVE CUTOUT

DIORAMA

These three scenes were approximately two and one-half

feet

wide and

and appeared consecutively on a revolving drum, together with

high,

text

five feet

below de-

scribing the particular idea represented.

Scene one showed the interior of a building being decorated by

and represented the educational and

artistic

work

of the

WPA

in the fields of

artists,

painting

and sculpture. Scene two showed the proscenium of a stage, together with the orchestra

pit.

the stage was being produced a scene from "One-Third of the Nation." a typical

theatre project. ill

])idiii()ting

Musicians were shown

in the pit

representing the work of

musical programs and education.

Scene three contained montage cutouts of various famous buildings

Washington whose form and design are representative of the found

llic

WPA WPA

our National Capital.

in the cit\

fine architecture to be

I Ih'i/h'

III f)l

Slu'llvr

lu-iiw.

lire

ami

licvolvinf!,

Mural

[170]

SUMMARY of

Shelter The "before" and "after" method theme of

shelter.

Theme

of presentation lent itself especially to the

method replanning was shown

this

in rural

and

urban and

suburban areas. Rural

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;The

display was concerned not alone with the "roof" but with the land

as well, pointing out the need for planning and

paves the way;

how

the

equipment on the farm

nomic were

security.

management and how

Government promotes

to the

Loans on seed,

the

the use of electricity

Government

and

electrical

betterment of the farmer's living conditions and ecotools,

and stock and advice on sound farming methods

illustrated.

Urban and suburban

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;Here

were shown promotion of home ownership; slum

clearance; green-belt communities; what

Government agencies are doing

to encour-

age better planning and better living conditions through loans to individuals, corporations,

and municipalities.

Tests for the improvement of building materials and the resultant advancement of construction standards throughout the building industry also

had a place

in this

exhibit.

The

Builder, with stone and mallet in his hands,

sculpture for shelter.

The

was the

vital spirit of the

theme

objects of his achievement lay about him.

The mural brought out

that the rapid rise of the Nation to industrial maturity

has not always been accompanied by a like rise in the standard of living. There were

slums in the city and slums

in the country.

These are gradually disappearing, with

the recognition that the condition of American

homes

closely interwoven with the

well-being of American citizens.

Agencies represented : Department of Agriculture, Department of Commerce, Electric

Home and Farm

Authority,

Farm

Credit Administration, Federal

Bank Board, Federal Housing Administration, United

[171]

States

Home Loan

Housing Authority.

[172

[IT.'iJ

Theme

Shelter GENERAL DESCRIPTION The lefthand hand side

theme was devoted

side of this

and the

of individual units start at the extreme

The following descriptions theme as

to rural replanning;

right-

urban and suburban replanning.

left

of the

in place in the exhibits Hall.

COLORED TRANSPARENCY This colored transparency showed seven views of the interior and exterior of the National Bureau of Standards, and included scenes showing the various

tests carried

on by the Bureau for the improvement of materials of construction.

RURAL REPLANNING DIORAMA This Diorama was about twenty-two feet long and was a view of a rural countryside.

The Diorama was divided starting at left center

way were shown agement. the land

As a

way

home

results in

comparison

bad

the right of this high-

soil

erosion caused by improper cultivation of

living conditions as typified

to this, the

and

by the hovel which

his family.

Diorama showed on

the farm together with

its

the left side of the high-

outbuildings which represented

be accomplished through Government aid in rural rehabilitation.

evident at a glance from the in

into the distance.

for the unfortunate farmer

modern home on

two equal sections by a highway

which arise from improper farming and farm man-

showed deep gulleys and

direct

may

what

and disappearing

the conditions

which directly

served as a

into approximately

way

which the

which the buildings were maintained, that

soil

this

was

was cultivated and from the wav

farm and others

in the distance

were

properly managed.

This Diorama had two phases.

The

first

phase was a daytime scene in which

all

the characteristics mentioned

above were clearly evident.

The second phase was

a night scene in

which various

details of the

spotlighted in conjunction with transparencies below which told in

how

the

scene,

Government

concerned with rural replanning.

farmhouse and

inside.

In the

ment.

its

doorways of the

shown how

detail just

during the night

outbuildings were illuminated by electricity from the

bam

and niilkshed could be seen

the houses thus lighted, and the electric

distance was

Also,

Diorama were

power

electrical

farm equip-

lines disappearing into the

the Rural Electrification Administration has

promoted the use

of electricity on the farm to the betterment of the farmer's living conditions and eco-

[

175

]

nomic

By means

security.

Home and Farm

Electric

Houses

business."

widespread use of

of the electrical

farm equipment was shown how the

Authority has helped farmers to make farming a "going

in the distance electricity

were also lighted up from the inside, typifying the

amongst farmers throughout the country.

ROIAL REPLANTING DIORAMA Departments and agencies participating

in this

Diorama were

as follows

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;

Department of Agriculture

Bureau of Agricultural Engineering

Farm

Security Administration

Federal Housing Administration

Rural Electrification Administration

Home and Farm

Electric

Farm

Authority

Credit Administration

COLORED TRANSPARENCY This colored transparency was about eighteen inches wide and three

and showed several scenes indicating the ways tration has been able to aid

The and

text

livestock,

below told how

which the Farm Security Adminis-

more than 600,000 impoverished farm this

feet high,

has been done by loans from the

families.

FSA

on seed, tools

and by advice on sound farming methods.

COLORED TRANSPARENCY This colored transparency was about eighteen inches wide and three

and showed a farmer using

typical electrical

through the sponsorship of the Electric

The public

text

utilities

below

and

indicated

how

municipal

equipment which had been purchased

Home and Farm Authority. EHFA, cooperating with

the

electric

farmers, but also the city dwellers to

feet high,

system

buy more

has

electric

encouraged

washing nuu

manufacturers, not

only

liiiics.

the

ironers,

sweepers, radios, ranges, refrigerators, bottle coolers, milking madiiMPS. cream separators, feed grinders,

pumps, motor and other labor saving or moneymaking

e(|uip-

ment.

(ILORED TRANSPARENCY This colored transparency was about eighteen inches wide and

and showed a photograj)!! of |ioIc

for

tlie

cicclrir lincrincii

service of local farms.

[176]

inslalling a

llir('<'

Iransfonner

feel

high

(listril)uling

The

text

below described how the Rural Electrification Administration with the

cooperation of farmers, farmers' cooperatives, public power

and other agencies has brought families, previously without their business

it,

public utilities

districts,

the electric service to half a million

American farm

thereby improving their living conditions and making

profitable.

COLORED TRANSPARENCY This colored transparency was about eighteen inches wide and three

feet

high

and showed photographs of typical farm homes which have been aided through the facilities of the

The

text

Farm

Credit Administration.

below told

detail

how farm

people have been able to secure

long-term, low-interest mortgages for the improvement of their land and living conditions through the facilities of the

Farm

Credit Administration and

its

affiliated

agencies.

THEME SCULPTURE In the center of this sculptural group stood a large male figure holding a stone in his left

hand and

a mallet in his right

hand personifying

the builder.

Grouped

around him were a wall of cut stone, a terraced simulation of apartment structures with penthouse superimposed, and treatment of trees and building materials bolizing the advancement which has been

made through

the help of

all s\

Government

agencies in the promotion of slum clearance projects in the city and the improvement in the

homes and

structures outside the city.

REVOLVING MURAL The

folloiving

paragraph describes briefly the content and theme of the mural

There are slums quarters of a city.

in the

And

open countrv as surely as there are slums is

plain that

no nation

that supports such

pictured at the start of this mural, can honestly boast of

The tenement and the ramshackle farm appeared with dustrial maturity.

its

titute

American

citizens.

farmer learns how he

may

out by architects and engineers

the Federal

directly affects the

Housing Administration the

specifically

that steel

what a home should

and stone and good design have, under the

brought sun and air and space

what was slum.

[177]

des-

under plans worked

those in tenements are learning that living in the city need not disease;

as were

the help of the Federal Gov-

repair his home, modernizing

who know

homes

high standard of living.

ernment which recognizes that the condition of American homes well-being of

cramped

the rise of this country to in-

They are gradually disappearing with

From

in the

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;

be.

And

mean squalor and

PWA

and

USHA,

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;

REVOLVING CHART This revolving chart was illuminated by a neon at the

lower

cating the

left

and the other

work of

the Federal

at the

upper

and

circle,

in tw o openings,

appeared photographs and

right,

Housing Administration

promoting home ownership.

Below the chart appeared transparencies describing the way eral

I RBAX

Housing Administration operates

one

text indi-

which the Fed-

home owner.

to the benefit of the

REPLANNING DIORA3IA This Diorama was approximately twenty-two

feet high. It

The

first

sequence showed a daytime scene, typical

at the left of

One

of the houses

was cut away

the interior construction, indicating that the itself,

which

foreground

in the

suburban community planned as recommended by the Federal

Housing Administration.

the house

long and four and one-half

had two sequences which may be described as follows

was shown a

show

feet

but also

FHA

home owner

construction, to assure the

its

in such a

manner

as to

insures not only the loan for that he does not

purchase a "jerry-built" home.

At the extreme right and

to the left of this,

foreground appeared a section of a large

in the

and

city slum,

appeared a typical suburban row-

slightly to the rear

house development. In the center background outskirts of

many

was shown a

typical

dump

such as

found

in the

of our large cities.

In the second phase of this

Diorama

the left side

was

slightly darkened, while

on the right side the slums disappeared into the ground and there remained a modern low-cost slum clearance project with

At the center

house development.

modern

in the rear

stores

and improvement

in the

row-

where the dump had formerly been,

there appeared a planned, privately financed housing development, while in the dis-

tance appeared a properly planned "greenbelt" town. spotlights picked out the detached residences at the

left,

the left side

was darkened,

and the housing developments

in the center distance.

LIKII

\> REPLAX.^IXG DIORA^f A At the time these spotlights aj^peared as described aljove occurs

of the various governnicnlal nirig.

(

and likcu

lraiis|)arencies lighted

agenc ies concerned

willi

These agencies are as follows Federal Housing

The

iiiled

The Federal

Atliiiiiiislralion

Stales

Housing

Home Loan

Aiilliorily

lianli

[1781

ise at the

time the other action

up below describing the

lloaid

wri>an

activities

and suburban replan-

This entire Diorama, together with the text below, pointed out

ernment agencies are doing the

how much

gov-

promote better planning and better living conditions

urban and suburban areas of the country through their loans

individuals,

corporations and nmnicipalities.

FOUR COLORED TRANSPARENCIES These four colored transparencies were each approximately eighteen inches wide

and three

The

feet high. first

one showed an airplane view of the extensive plant of the National

Bureau of Standards.

The second,

third and fourth

showed

interior views

of the

above mentioned

buildings and indicated the kind of tests carried on by the Bureau in forwarding the

improvements

in the construction of

our urban and suburoan homes.

These transparencies and the one

how

at the other

end of the theme told graphically

the National Bureau of Standards has promoted construction standards through-

out the building industry.

[179]

I I'

hrmr inuiu c

Sfnl/ttiirc

and

(Ircdil

lirrolviiif^

Mural

ilwinc

[

180

]

SUMMARY of

JFinanee The ily

and Credit Theme

delineations of this theme

seems remote

many

made

and tangible a subject which ordinar-

real

people.

The money-manufacturing and banking agencies in charts

and

pictures,

Government appeared

of the

showing how coins are minted and paper money engraved

and printed; the advantages of the use of postal money orders, postal-savings and the purchase of Government bonds.

ties,

also were the various

facili-

Clearly visualized for the spectator

forms of industry, commerce, and agriculture, whose funds

flow through the Federal Reserve System, indicating that the impulse for the flow of

money comes from

private enterprise rather than

from governmental organization.

Finance and credit were represented by lending and discounting agencies, insurance agencies, and regulating agencies in their relationship to one another, to the Treasury, and to the Government as a whole.

The theme sculpture embodied credit are applicable

the

many

uses to which

and the close interrelation of

about by the national credit system.

city

Government finance and

and country finance brought

female figure held the symbol of currency;

around her were grouped the sources and channels of finance

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;

factories,

farm

units,

a bank, a replica of the United States Treasury.

The mural depicted

the development of the great financial strength of

from the beginnings of the Nation, a strength ficial

uses to which

that reflects in

money and wealth have been

many forms

America the bene-

put.

Agencies represented: Department of Agriculture, Department of the Treasury,

Export-Import Bank of Washington, Farm Credit Administration, Federal Deposit surance Corporation, Federal tion,

Home Loan Bank

In-

Board, Federal Housing Administra-

Federal Reserve System, Post Office Department, Public

Works Administration,

Reconstruction Finance Corporation, Securities and Exchange Commission. United States

Housing Authority, United States Maritime Commission.

[181]

[182

[

]

Finance and Credit Tlieme GEXERAL DESCRIPTION The lefthand

side of this

theme was devoted

to the

money-manufacturing and

banking agencies of the Government; and the righthand side

The following theme as

to the financing

and

Government.

credit agencies of the

descriptions of individual units start at the extreme right of the

in place in the exhibits Hall.

GOVERX3IEXT FINANCING CHART This chart was about twenty-two feet long and covered one-half of the Finance

and Credit Theme. It

contained twenty-three circular cutout Dioramas, arranged in such a way as

indicate, not only the relationships of the agencies

also the relationship to the Treasury

The chart was divided

which they represented but

and "The Government of the United

States.

main headings representing the major govern-

into three

mental financing agencies.

The

heading was

first

entitled,

"Lending and Discounting" agencies; the

sec-

ond, "Insurance" agencies: the third, "Regulation" agencies. Under each one, and

connected by illuminated gold coins, were shown those agencies of the government

concerned with that particular type of work.

With a minimum

of study this chart gave the

layman a

clear idea of the setup

of our National Financing agencies.

The transparencies below described

detail the

work of

these agencies.

THEME SCULPTURE An

heroic female figure in the center of this group held a plaque, a symbol of

currency, and grouped around her were busy factories with smoke pouring out of

farm house, barn, and

their chimneys, a

Government finance and

silo,

credit are applicable.

exemplifying the In the center

many

uses to which

foreground was a

ized interpretation of the facade of the United States Treasury, with bank,

and

styl-

farm house

so placed as to express the close inter-relation of city and country

factories,

finance brought about by our credit system.

REVOUVING MURAU The

joUoiii/ig

From

paragraph describes

the beginning,

ment, knowing thai

cooperation

appealed wIk

tluil ii

and theme

of the

Americans have voluntarily shared the cost of would

turn share the benefits.

was

mural

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;

their governthis spirit

Kobert Morris, Secretary of Finances for the (lontincntal Army,

army supply

f:oopcralion that

Hamilton,

lh(;y

briefly the conlerit

made

creditors pressed

possible for

place the finances

<jf

[

llie

this

184

first

him

for

payment.

And

was willing

Secretary of the Treasury, Alexander

country on a solid footing.

]

a result of

Hamilton's toresight 150 years ago, this country has developed the greatest financial strength that the world has ever seen, a strength that directly reflects the myriad beneficial uses to

which the Government has put

framework

lishing a stable financial

its

and credit have been responsible for bringing

to the

and freedom

riches of the land but the security

money and

credit.

its

estab-

which industry has thrived, Federal money

American family not only

the

our

essential to the flowering of

national culture.

SAVINGS DIORAMA

PO!ÂŤÂťTAL

This Diorama appeared in a three

feet

diameter opening and showed the interior

of a Post Ofiice where individuals were carrying

and Postal Savings window.

Around

room

the

ers advertising the benefits to be gained

on business

in several locations

Below the Diorama

were shown post-

by the use of postal money orders, the pur-

chase of government bonds and the use of postal savings

facilities of the

Money Order

at the

facilities.

appeared transparencies describing in

detail

these

Post Office Department.

ANIMATED FEDERAL RESERVE DIAGRAM This diagram was about ten at the

feet long.

was painted upon

glass

and showed

bottom the various forms of industry, commerce, and agriculture whose funds

flow through the Federal Reserve System. the twelve

member banks

At the top appeared vaults representing

of the Federal Reserve System,

and

in the center, a build-

ing representing the offices of the Federal Resei ve Board.

From

the Federal Reserve Board, behind

reached out to the twelve

lines

which was a gold reservoir, pulsing gold

member banks

of the Federal Reserve System, thereby

showing that they are backed by the United States gold reserve. From these banks,

lines of gold, in directional motion, flowed into the arteries of trade

above, through them and then returned again to the In this

way was

member

mentioned

banks.

indicated, simply, that the impulse for the flow of

money comes

from private enterprise rather than from any governmental organization.

MOVING PICTURE PROJECTOR By means on a screen

of a continuous attachment a

show

the "inside" phases of the

Bureau of Engraving and Printing throughout the nation. utes to

make

moving

the

picture was constantly projected

work of

the

preparation

Bureau of the Mint and the of

money

for circulation

This moving picture required about two and one-half min-

a complete cycle.

EXHIBITION OF DIES In an opening about eleven inches wide and five feet high, lighted from the sides,

appeared an exhibtion of dies and plates used by the Bureau of Engraving and Printing in the

the

manufacture of paper money.

World

These dies and plates were especially prepared for

Fair and from them were taken proofs which wore also exhibited here.

[185]

[186]

—

SUMMARY of

Food Theme Food consumption,

as well as food production,

was considered

rounding out

this display.

Production

—The

theme depicted the history of food

the dependence of city dwellers for

much

of their

upon

America.

showed

the surrounding country for their food supply

employment; the Government's function

the food supply so that life

may be maintained

in preserving

and

and protecting

our large and complex

cities; the

"before" and "after" aspects of governmental agricultural planning in cooperation with the farmers themselves; the dependence of the the distribution of his products; experiment

modern farmer upon Government

and research

aid in

methods of

in the best

pre-

serving and distributing fish and fish products.

Consumption

—Here the exhibit demonstrated

cost of food brought about

;

and decreased

by improved methods of transportation and distribution

how food products from every sumption

the increased variety

part of the world are

made

available for general con-

the planning of well-balanced diets at moderate cost

instructing the people not only as to what constitutes

sential nourishing foods available even to the

good

—how the Government

diet,

but

making

the es-

needy; inspectors working for regulation

and protection of food and food products; and how Federal agencies maintain an cate service of information gathered

intri-

and sent by mail, wire, and radio, thus weaving

markets, farms, and households into a remarkable pattern of daily intelligence.

The abundance with which our land by a central female bread in her arms;

figure, the products of at

endowed was represented farm

life at

her

feet.

in the sculpture

She held loaves of

her side were a reclining calf and sheep.

The mural pictured Government agencies combating and the farmer learning

to treat his

the enemies of agriculture

seed and to inoculate his herds against disease in

furtherance of good health and a plentiful food supply for the Nation.

Agencies represented: Department of Agriculture, Department of Connnerce. De-

partment of the Interior.

[187]

[188]

[189]

Food Theme GENERAL DESCRIPTION The lefthand hand side

theme was devoted

side of this

food production; and the right-

food consumption.

The following

description of individual units start at the extreme

left

of the theme

as in place in the exhibits hall.

FISHERIES DIORAMA This Diorama was approximately

was taken as

from a boat

five feet

long and three feet high, and the scene

off the coast of a fishing port.

the left

was shown

seacoast laboratory where the Bureau of Fisheries conducts experiments and research into the best

methods of preserving and distributing

right of the

Diorama was

a canning factory, and

The port teemed with

inspectors were at work.

fish

and

fish products.

the

was obvious that here, government

typical of any fishing harbor.

life

Also shown in the Diorama was a small government Bureau of Fisheries' inspection boat.

This Diorama, together with the transparencies below told

work of the Bureau of Fisheries has become

in connection with

how important

the

our diet and economy.

FOOD MAP EXHIRIT This exhibit was approximately eighteen

ground was

a transparency painted in colors

tion of a fishing port.

Island,

which

was broken

in turn

feet

long and

five feet high.

The back-

and shows countryside scenes and a

in the center

sec-

by a cutout map of Manhattan

were circular cutouts with transparencies behind showing

scenes of urban activity and employment.

When

dimmed

these transparencies were

there appeared spots of plexiglas about

nine inches in diameter on which were etched the pests, insects, diseases, are injurious to agriculture or fishing.

enlargements of food products on the The jjlexiglas discs were

and desolation.

spoilage, lighted

map

Island.

activity

which

to similar circular

behind.

now dimmed and

At the same time

up over the scenes of

Manhattan

These discs corresponded

map

etc.,

there appeared a scene of waste,

that this scene

appeared discs of plexiglas

and employment which were

These last discs

showed scenes of

first

shown

inactivity

in tiie

and unem-

ployment. bis exhibit, in connection with the transparencies below,

observer's minti

how

their food supply

and much of

(Icpeiidcnl city tlicii

ill

our large and complex

(â&#x20AC;˘in|)loymeiil.

cities.

1*^0 I

to the

people are upon the surrounding country for If

work in preserving and protecting our food supply, exist

brought clearly

were not for the govermnent's

would be impossible

for life to

The

first

scene of the above described display had the following equation lettered

across the top, "Balanced abundance

—equable

prices

—

stable

farm income

—

stable

employment."

city

The following formula appeared on dered land

—low

the last phase as mentioned above. "Squan-

farm buying power for

city

goods

—fewer

jobs

—unemployment

city."

These two formulas express succinctly the "before" and "after" aspects of governmental, agricultural planning in cooperation with the farmers themselves.

FOOD

THE COUNTRY-Throe Dioramas

11%

The

first

Dioramas showed an Indian

of these three

which could be

village in

observed an Indian returning from a hunting trip bringing food for the consumption

Other people

of the villagers. activities,

such as drying

in the village

were concerned with various food-making

skinning wild animals, cultivating corn and grinding

fish,

grain.

The second Diorama

showed

of this series

Here were the farmer and

17th century.

connected with procuring their own food.

and

his family

refrigeration

were largely

self-sufficient in the

was the well or cold

cellar

a typical colonial

his family

engaged

this time in

home

in the

of about the

many

activities

our history the farmer

matter of food, and the only type of

which put a

restriction

on the variety

in the

diet of the people of that time.

The

third

and

less self-sufficient

indicated that the

final scene

than

showed a modern farm which has now become

modern farmer,

pendent upon the city for

The Diorama showed

predecessor.

its

many food

far

huge wheatfield and

since he raises only one crop,

now quite

de-

products.

These three Dioramas showed the history of food with the transparencies below indicated

how dependent

in the country,

the

and together

modern farmer

upon

governmental aid in distribution of his farm products.

These Dioramas appeared photographs

in sepia

in a circular

opening against a background of montage

showing scenes of food production.

THE^IE SCULPTURE This entire group symbolized the plenty with which our land

government

help.

In the center a

life

banked around her

her

left

feet.

hand benevolently

Her

benefited through

huge female figure stood with the products of farm right

hand held loaves of bread

rested on a reclining calf

[191]

and sheep.

her breast where

REVOLVING MURAL The

jollouiiig

paragraph describes

Federal duty

more inimediately important, more

the protection of the national food supply. fruit trees,

and

and theme of

briefly the content

sickly gardens

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;these

Diseased

mural

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;

critically essential, than

cattle,

stunted poultry, barren

can speedily become dangerous threats

Therefore, Government agencies never

health of the nation.

the

let

to the

in their fight

against the enemies of agriculture; insects and pests are identified and studied in the laboratory, so that

when

from a swarm has been caught upon a screen, and

a sample

balloons have been sent up to determine the course and size of the swarm, the farmer

can be warned in time to dust and spray his crops and

ment he

also learns to treat his seed,

his beef

may

pass the final

mean good farming

tions

and

trees.

to inoculate his

that keeps

American

the Govern-

herds against disease so that

government inspection.

test of

And from

These lessons and precau-

silos filled against a

day of want.

FOOD TS THE CITY-Three Dioramas The

first

of these

Dioramas showed a waterfront scene

in the early 18th century,

with boats drawn up at the wharves and unloading the produce of foreign lands. This scene showed such things as fruits which are commonplace with us today in every

season of the year and which at one time were hard to get at any season

almost impossible for the average

man

to afford unless

;

he picked them up

in fact

the

waterfront.

The second scene showed an although the diet of the average

know today were The

last

early 19lh century city and indicated that even then,

man was

greatly enlarged,

many

staples such as

unavailable.

scene was of the interior of a modern chain grocery store in which

could be seen every conceivable kind of canned and perishable foods which are

made

now

available to everyone but those in the poorest of circumstances by the improved

methods of distribution and transportation which were suggested by the mural above the counters of the

store.

FOOD DISPLAY This food display contained

which comprise a well-balanced

and eight-year-old boy.

reproductions of forty-eight different foods

lifelike

diet at

moderate cost for a family of husl)and, wife

The observer could quickly

tell

various foods used in making up this diet by observing

mens.

Home other i)y

the relative quantities of the

llic

iiutuber or size of the speci-

he figures used as a basis for this exhibit were jirocured from iho Bureau of

Kcononiics of the Department of Agriculture, and the display indicaUul that rliet.**

for other groups, as well as general information

writing the bureau.

[192

on food, may be procured

WORLD TABLE DIORA3IA This Diorama showed three people seated at a table gazing out through what

was apparently a mirror. In

window appeared

this

consecutively nine scenes of foreign

countries from which various foods and food products are imported to the United States,

and are commonplace parts of our

diet.

As each one

of these food products

appeared in the background, a light came on at the table indicating what the food

was and how the food

it is

consumed.

from which

Also, as each scene appeared, the country

comes was named and illuminated on a map background.

The

Diorama

story that this

throughout the world are

made

government aid food products

told is that through

available for everyone's table.

This Diorama and also the three city food Dioramas were tographic background of the

ground were cutout

figures

many

and

we consume.

foods

set in a

montage pho-

Superimposed on

lettering stating the per capita

this back-

consumption of various

foods by the people of the United States.

THREE COLORED TRANSPARENCIES These three colored transparencies were each approximately eighteen inches wide

and three

high and were

feet

set off against a

montage photographic background

rep-

resenting food regulation and protection.

The

first

transparency showed government inspectors of the Food and Drug

Administration at work protecting the food and food products which Americans

The

text

below

transparency described this work

this

The second transparency showed

Home Economics how each

detail.

the interior of the kitchen of the

also

balanced. is

This transparency, together with the text below, showed

teaching the people,

first,

what constitutes good

diet,

may

how

and

diet

showed how the government

ing surplus foods available to the needy of the nation so that their diet

ment

Bureau of

where studies were being made of what constitutes a good

item of food should be cooked.

eat.

mak-

be well

the govern-

and then making the neces-

sary nourishing foods available.

The

third transparency

showed scenes of food markets and curb exchanges

cating what a tremendous business the food industry

with the text below, told

how

vice of information gathered

gether

all

several

is.

This transparency, together

government agencies maintain an

and sent by

rail,

indi-

intricate ser-

wire and radio, and thereby web

to-

markets, farms and households in a remarkable pattern of daily intelligence.

[

193

]

'I'hrni*'

Sail ffl lire and lirioh

liuluslry rin'iiw

iufi

Mural

SUMMARY of

industry Theme This theme was concerned with the activities of agencies promoting the welfare of labor in industry, as well as those benefiting industry itself. that while the

work

some

summary, the

Industry terials

was shown

of the agencies falls specifically into the one or the other

category, their functions also overlap and are of this brief

For the purpose

therefore two-fold.

topics are classified in these three ways:

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;Fact-gathering,

promote sound business judgment;

testing of

ma-

used in industry; jurisdiction over interstate sale of electric power and natural

gas.

Labor

industry

â&#x20AC;&#x201D; Better

labor standards;

prevention of the employment of

children at too early an age and of youth in hazardous occupations; improvement of

working conditions of women living under the Fair

in industry;

more employment and

better standards of

Labor Standards Act; training of apprentices

supply the

Nation's need for skilled workers.

Twofold

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;Government

aid to the fishing industry so that the jobs of 200,000

fishermen will be assured; the flow of

money

into public

works, providing more

and labor by stimulating business, mediation in labor troubles, resulting in

increased activity in industry and

satisfactory relations between employers

employees; protection of the interests of inventors; aid

and

bringing worker and job

together; the operation of social security benefits. In the center of the theme sculpture stood a

and hands representing Labor. He grasped a trolling industry.

the

Wheels and gears

brawny worker with tensed muscles

lever, setting at

at his feet

and

work the machinery con-

factories

and

mills outlined in

background signified the interdependence of labor and industry.

The evolution and regulation

of industry were delineated in the mural.

ernment was shown arbitrating disputes, extending

its

help to

The Gov-

women and young

workers unable to gain a place in industry, and protecting the family buying that

power

has helped to create.

Agencies represented : Department of Connnerce, Department of the Interior.

Department of Labor, Federal Power Gonnnissioti. Public Works Administration. Social Security Board.

Work

Projects Administration.

[195]

[196]

[197]

I^^Â»J

Industry Theme GEIVERAL DESCRIPTION The lefthand

was devoted

side of this exhibit

to the

work

of those agencies con-

cerned with the welfare of labor in industry; and the righthand side to the work of those agencies benefiting industry

The following descriptions theme as

itself.

of individual units start at the extreme

of the

left

in place in the exhibits hall.

MECHANICAL BOOK This mechanical book was manufactured in such a way that

and a

the pages to turn over automatically to

come

was possible for

series of charts, photographs,

and

text

into view.

The

two pages were devoted

first

how

to telling

the Bureau of Fisheries

is striv-

ing to aid the Fishing Industry so that the jobs of thousands of fishermen will be assured.

The second two pages employment

The of

told

how

the Children's Bureau

of children at too early an age

third two

pages told

how

and of youth

working

to prevent the

hazardous occupations.

the Division of Public Contracts of the Department

Labor maintains working standards

in the

performance of government contracts

over S 10.000.

The fourth two pages showed how employment conditions

The of

Labor

fifth is

for

women

the

Women's Bureau

working

improve

in industrj'.

two pages showed how the

Wage and Hour

Division of the Department

promoting employment and better standards of living by a "ceiling over

hours" and a "floor under wages", through the enforcement of the Fair Labor Standards Act.

The

last

two pages indicated how the United States Employment Service aids

the states in developing public

employment

offices

which bring the worker and the

job together.

TWO-PHAยงE APPRENTICE TRAINING DIORAMA These two Dioramas, together with the text below them,

told

how

Committee on Apprenticeship of the Department of Labor, through of employers

and labor,

making

possible for

young men

the Federal

the cooperation

become

skilled

workers. I

first

scene showed the apprentice performing actual work on a large air con-

ditioning unit, and applying the knowledge which he has learned

the class

room

actual practice.

The second scene

the interior of a shop class

room and showed

ten students

seated at their desks learning the theory necessary to the mastery of a craft.

[199]

WPA-PWA EXHIBIT The

center of this exhibit was a silhouetted

were drawn the heads of

From behind into \^

this

map

PWA

and

many

who supply

the

on which

of the United States

money

flowed a series of coins representative of the

projects

by the cutout map with the the people

map

people representing the labor pool of the United States.

from the Treasury of the United

figures of people

States,

still

flowing

represented

as in the last analysis, these are

it,

money. These coins flowed

in a circular

motion into public

works of various kinds which are sponsored by the government, and through these projects stimulate business, which in turn provide

more money and labor which

returned to the treasury and people of the United States in the form of taxes.

TWO-PHASE LABOR MEDIATION DIORAMA The

first

phase of

this

Diorama showed

the interior of an office of a large or-

ganization with a desk in the foreground at which the managers of a large factory

were seated.

From

their attitude,

and from the groups of people gathered

in the

streets below, and the inactivity in the factory as seen through the window,

was

quickly gathered that the employers were having labor trouble. In the second phase of the Diorama, the scene changed markedly. of the United States Conciliation Service

representative

had entered the picture and was acting as

mediator between the employer and the employees, resulting in increased activity the factory

and more

satisfactory relations between

employer and employees.

TWO-PHASE PATENTS DIORAMA In the

first

his inventions,

of these two

and

in the

Dioramas an inventor was shown working

tors in the office of a large corporation,

The

home on

second phase were shown the research workers and inven-

story told by these two

working on

Dioramas was

their inventions.

that the Patent Office of the United

States stands ready to protect the interest of both the independent inventor

and the

inventors employed by corporations.

THEME

Sri EPTI

In the center of this

group stood a brawny worker with strong

gerated muscles and hands representing labor.

He grasped

the machinery conlrolling industry. Al his feel were wheels

him were

slyli/ed

forms of

neys exemplifying the

inter

fa'

torics

face

and exag-

a lever pulling to

and

gears,

work

and behind

and mills with smoke pouring from their chim-

(Icpcndcncc of

[200

liilior

;iii<l

iinhistry.

REVOLVING MITRAL The

jolloiving

paragraph describes briefly the content and theme of the mural

Problems were few

in the industrial

world of the Colonial America when ninety

per cent of what a family needed could be

made

chine. \vhose products received the protection of tory.

And

inside the

home. But with the ma-

Government

patents,

came

the fac-

with the rapid industrialization of the country came an unhealthy slavery

of labor; complaints that

jured both

men and

to sit

on unsympathetic ears would grow

fell

down

across the conference table to settle their quarrel before a Federal

Likewise the Government extends

mediator.

to strikes that in-

property, bringing bread lines that injured trade in turn. Today,

blows are softened or prevented because worker and owner have

these needless

learned

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;

workers yet unable

its

help both to

to gain their place in industry.

women and

young

Finally, in helping to restore the

family buying power, the Government protects that power through a Bureau of

Standards whose

may judge

tests

provide both buyer and maker with a yardstick whereby they

what

the quality of

bought and

sold.

TWO-PHASE DIORAMA The

first

phase of this Diorama showed the interior of an

office of the

United

States Employment Service in which a prospective employee was being interviewed

Together with the

for a job.

below

text

what the Lnited States Employment Service workers

doing

told as to

bring jobs to workers and

to jobs.

The second phase area.

was

this transparency, the story

an elderly

of this

man

Diorama showed

in the

modest home near an industrial

foreground was receiving from the postman his

Social Security benefit check.

how

This Diorama, together with the text below, described

Board operates industry.

The

the Social Security

provide for old age and incidentally provide money to benefit

text also

described the

Unemployment Insurance plan

of the Social

Security Act.

POWER DIORAMA This Diorama was an airplane view of the countryside. large scale was a

power house and large natural gas tank.

From

a hydroelectric plant in the distance electric power lines ran.

was crossed by

this

power

line indicating that the Federal

jurisdiction over inter-slate sale of

In the foreground in

the

power house

state line

Power Commission has

power generated by natural resources, and

the inter-state sale of natural gas.

[201]

highway

also

MEANS OF TESTS CARR ED

COMPLEt^KkSIC FACTS

PRO MCfTt SOUND BUSINESS

MKCATil

JUDGMENT

tHE SEVERAL FAO- FINDING AGENCIES OF THE GCATERNMBIT COCPERAIE VrtTH INDUSTRY

*Y SUPPLYING VALUABLE CURREKT DATA ON PRICES, IPRODUCTION, MARKETING, ^LABOR CONDITIONS AND GB>etAL ECONOMIC DEVBOPMBm IN TOE COUNTRY AS A WHOLE.

[

20:5

]

•>•

"•,

H «>lO»'«r"B ,Vm

with

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;

LABOR STANDARDS DIORA3fA This Diorama was divided into two main sections. interior of a factory in

gans,

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;

all this

first

section

showed the

which modern safety devices are used throughout for the pro-

and bodies of the workers.

tection of the lives

The

work

indicating the

the walls were posted safety slo-

of the Division of

Labor Standards of the Depart-

Diorama contained two

large male figures representing

ment of Labor.

The other

section of the

employer and employee holding between them an envelope containing facsimiles of bills

and labeled "adequate pay." The

Labor Standards Act

may

sets a limit

text of this section described

how

lawfully employ the worker without paying overtime penalty and the

wages

the Fair

on the number of hours per week that employers

minimum

which he must be employed.

CASH REGI^iTER This replica of a cash register contained brief explanations of

how government

reports provide facts which promote sound business judgment.

There were nine keys on of

this

machine and on each key was a small modelled

work conducted by

figures symbolic of fact-gathering

the

government.

set

These

keys rose up alternately and at the same time a small flag appeared (similar to that

on a conventional cash register

)

indicating the exact item that the figures repre-

sented.

The governmental agencies represented by

this display are

Department of Agriculture

Bureau of Agricultural Economics Department of Commerce

Bureau of the Census Department of Labor

Bureau of Labor

Statistics

TESTl.XO >IA4 HIXE This exhibit comprised a 60,000-pound testing machine such as National Bureau of Standards

was

jjlaced in the

in the testing of

amount

used by the

materials used in industry.

machine and a load applied periodicalb

an adjacent dial recorded the

this load

sample

was applied

of the load and the deformation of the sample

could be observed.

The

text

accompanying

this exhibit

ered b\ the Bureau of Standards in

1*>4().

this

informed the observer that information gath-

impartial and available to the public.

machine was replaced by

a screen ai)proximately 3' x 4'

showing

Buloplicon projections of slides on the operation and |)ublic benefits of the Social Seiiirilv

IJoard.

[204]

[205

]

l ki'itu'

S< iil/tliirr

( .onfU'rvatiou

and Hci

oLviiii/;

Mural

hrme

200

SUMMARY of ConservaiiotB Conservation was presented in two phases:

which follow

in the trail of

Theme first,

the destruction

and desolation

man's exploitation of nature when unhindered by laws

or rules; and, second, the prevention of this destruction.

Included were conservation

power (hy-

of wildlife; soil strip-cropping to counteract sterility and erosion; water droelectric

power development and flood control)

and progressive replanting)

;

forests (careful

lumber operations

petroleum (proper drilling and spacing!

;

and reclama-

tion of waste land.

In the sculpture the Spirit of Preservation of Natural Resources stood protect-

ingly amidst representatives of life in the air, on the land, and in the waters.

powerhouse, dam, and spillway and stylized treatment of terraced land,

trees,

and

slope of rocks suggested the conservation of natural resources.

The mural took

the spectator back to the days of the pioneers,

natural resources were used with no thought of the future.

This

serious depletion of the resources and, finally, by the activities of the its

when abundant is

followed bv

Government

long-range task of conservation.

Agencies represented: Civilian Conservation Corps, Department of Agriculture,

Department of the

Interior, Federal

Power Commission, National Resources Plan-

ning Board, Tennessee Valley Authority,

War

[207]

Department.

[

208

Conservation Theme GENERAL DESCRIPTION The lefthand

side of this

theme showed

in general the

tion

work being carried on by Federal agencies; and

cific

examples of

how

this

work

of conserva-

showed

the righthand side

spe-

being carried out.

The following descriptions of individual theme as

many forms

units start at the extreme right of the

in place in the Exhibits Hall.

COLORED TRANSPARENCY This colored transparency was a photograph of a herd of buffalo on one of our

The transparency and

wildlife preserves.

the

government

the text which accompanied

doing to preserve our wild

The agencies concerned with

this

work

showed what

life.

directly are the Forest Service,

and the

Bureau of Biological Survey of the Department of Agriculture; the National Parks Service of the Department of the Interior; and the Civilian Conservation Corps.

COLORED TRANSPARENCY This colored transparency showed a photograph of farm land being cultivated

by the strip-cropping method which

farm land against

The agency

sterility

chiefly

of the soil

concerned with

one of the most

and this

effective

ways of preserving

soil erosion.

work

the Soil Conservation Service of

the Department of Agriculture.

TVA MAP This was a topographical

map

of the Tennessee Valley representing the area

The dams on

over which the Tennessee Valley Authority has jurisdiction. rivers in the Tennessee Valley

were the areas of

forests, agri(;ulture.

Accompanying the

more important

illijiiiinated text is

working

were shown by means of colored

this

map were

aspects of the

mining and

work being carried on

way

the various

Also shown

oil well drilling.

colored transparencies above

described in detail the

in the

lights.

showing some of

in the valley;

in nnIiIcIi the 'iViiiiessee

and below

it,

Valley Authority

cause of flood control, power development and river navigation.

OLOIIED TR.%.\SP.\RENCY This colorctl Iransparcncy showed a photograph of Moulder

what the government through the Bureau of Keclamation

[210]

Dam and

doing

indicated

to reclaim waste

land and to preserve water power for the purpose of developing hydroelectric systems.

Together with the

below

text

this

how land

transparency indicated

may

values

improved, the nation's people fed and the treasury augmented.

COLORED TRAI^SPARENCY men

This colored photographic transparency showed of timber.

Together with the

text below, this

work "farming"

transparency demonstrated

how

ernment, through careful luinbering operations and progressive replanting

a stand

the govpreserv-

ing the nation's timber resources.

The agency

concerned with

chiefly

work

this

the Forest Service of the Depart-

ment of Agriculture.

COLORED TRANSPARENCY This colored photographic transparency was divided into two sections. section to

showed

a properly drilled oil field with the drilling

provide the most

The bottom

efficient

section

was

method

The top

equipment spaced so as

of exploiting the field.

same

a cross-section of the

showing how the

oil field

walls of the wells have been properly spaced so as not to interfere with one another.

This transparency, together with the text below, showed

how

the

Bureau of Mines

and the Petroleum Conservation Division of the Department of the Interior by mutual cooperation are preserving our natural petroleum resources.

THEME SCULPTURE In the center of this group stood an erect female figure personifying the spirit of

In her protective

preservation of natural resources. representing the

life

of the air.

Her

right

a deer symbolizing the life of the land.

hand

left

hand she held

rested maternally

power resources, and the

of terraced land, trees forests

the head of

the right, a powerhouse, dam, and

way, with water rushing down toward a symbolic figure of a servation of water,

upon

a pheasant

life

fish

of the waters.

spill-

suggested the constylized treatment

and slope of rocks was represented the preservation of

soil,

and mineral resources.

REVOLVING MURAL The

jollouiiig

paragraph describes briefly the

coiilent

and theme

oj the

In the beginning the pioneer pushed west, intent on a promised land. his

wake there followed desolation,

chopped and

tilled

wasteland, green

for

men thought

regardless of the future.

forest

clouds to bury farms,

into

a stump-filled

kill cattle

Axe, desert,

the land

fire

[211]

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;

Hut

was inexhaustible, and

and plow turned prairie into

and

and drive people from

mural

soil

liieir

into

dust that rose in

homes.

Unchecked, the

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;

rains

washed

into floods that

Government has begun

drowned

the endless struggle of conservation.

waters of a swollen river with dykes

have been built

the valley towns.

to control these

Hemming

and water

in the

raging

but a temporary measure: huge reservoirs

draining waters at their source: trees and grass are

planted to hold the rain, and fields are plowed to stop erosion. in national parks,

stop this pillage, the

conserved

dams

so that

Wild

life is

conserved

more people may share

the

blessing of electric power.

REVOLVING CHART This revolving chart was about three

feet in

diameter and through a pie-shaped

opening in succession could be seen typical examples of conservation ried out

activities car-

by the many conservation agents of the government. These were shown by

means of drawings and

lettering

on an illuminated translite

film.

TWO-PHASE CONSERVATION DIORA3IA This Diorama was twenty-eight zontal axis.

feet

long and five feet deep, rotating on a hori-

There were two phases, the

destruction which occur

when man

laws or rules; the second showed the

first

of which

showed the desolation and

allowed to exploit nature unhindered by any

many ways

preventing or ameliorating this destruction.

The

which governmental agencies are entire

Diorama indicated every

form of conservation practiced by governmental agencies including the conservation of mineral resources, water power, forests, petroleum, soil,

The agencies which

If'ar

are concerned with this

Department Corps of Engineers

Department of the Interior Bureau of Mines Bureau of Reclamation General Land Office Geological Survey

Petroleum Conservation Division National liituminous Coal Commission National I'ark Service

[212]

work are

and

wildlife.

Department of Agriculture

Bureau of Biological Survey Forest Service Soil Conservation

Service

Resettlement Administration

Bureau of Chemistry and

Soils

Agricultural Adjustment Administration

Department of Commerce

Bureau of Fisheries Federal Power Commission

National Resources Committee

Tennessee Valley Authority Civilian Conservation Corps

This Diorama was the "standout" exhibit in the building and consistently tracted

and held the vast majority of

visitors

who passed

at-

it.

TRANSPARENT BIAP This was a in

map

transparency of the United States in color showing the areas

which are located the National Parks, National Forests, National Monuments and

Battlefields,

which the government must hold

in trust as a recreational

and cultural

heritage.

Three transparencies of the Forest Service

text

below

this

map

described in detail the

and the National Park Service perform

[213]

this

work.

way

which

[211]

TERRITORIÂŁ!$ EXHIBIT In the foyer connecting the two

main

representing the four main territories of the United States.

hibit

ranged

in a

ex-

These were

ar-

group of four panels lO'-O" long and 8'-0" high which were between the

doors leading to the terraced area facing the Court of Peace. sented the territories of Puerto Rico

Hawaiian

was an

halls of the Federal Building

Islands,

and the Virgin

The four panels

Islands, the

repre-

Philippines, the

and Alaska.

Each panel contained

a polished copper-faced cutout

map

of the territory mount-

ed against a concave surface painted a pale green which blended with the color scheme of the foyer.

the concave surface also appeared

shape, in sepia tone, depicting photographic scenes of

montage murals of irregular life in

the territories.

In 1940 this foyer also contained free standing cases exhibiting the art-craft

and products of the States

Navy

in scale

territories as well as a display of the

model and

Washingtonia loaned by the

in the latter Fair

Hammer

Galleries,

[215]

combat forces of the United

period of 1940 a notable collection of

New

York.

[2k>J

[217]

[2IÂ«]

[219]

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;

EXHIBIT F Upon

the

official closing

of the World's Fair in 1939 on October 31st the decision of

New York

World's Fair 1939 Incorporated to continue operations for another year influenced the Commission to seek an expression of the will of Congress on United States pai ticipation in 1940.

Pending that expression

only measures for adequate protection of Government property were taken during the waiting period the

summer operating

staff

was reduced to a skeleton administrative

staff

and the

office of

the Commission

was removed from the Federal Building to temporary quarters supplied by the Fair Corporation

in the

Fair Administration Building. Full precautions were taken for the protection of the building

and furnishings during the winter.

Entrances were boarded up, watching service 24 hours daily was inaugurated on November the

immediately thereafter silver,

all

of the furnishings specially liable to deterioration or

china, glassware, upholstered furniture, etc.. were

storage.

damage such

removed from the building

and

first

as draperies,

for

warehouse

Exhibits units were carefully winter conditioned by means of special disconnections, grease

coatings and coverings for the machinery and water proofed paper coverings front and back over

all.

Preliminary plans were developed for certain changes and replacements of some exhibits units which

were to be necessary due to recent legislation and desirable improvement should

be decided to partici-

pate in 1940. Tentative drafts of a report to the Congress as of April 27, 1940 were prepared in provision for possible decision not to peuticipate

essential for

large

precaution and for freshening in the event of reopening.

The only

maintenance job done, aside from ordinary routine was the repair of numerous cracks which appeared

in the

lobby tower walls of typical temporary Fair construction (stucco) and which had to be cleaned and

refilled in

sion's

minimum maintenance

and preparatory layouts were made of work on the building

difficult

winter operation carried out by a commission staff of

head of maintenance.

Corporation

itself

In the light of the experience of

many

workmen under

the commis-

other Fair exhibitors and of the Fair

our action in doing this work forthwith instead of waiting until Spring resulted in the

prevention of a serious leakage condition and consequent interior damage which was reflected in the splendid (absolutely as good as new) condition of the Federal Building for the reopening and Fair period of 1940.

After the winterizing of the exhibits units, the motion picture projection machinery, the air conditioning equipment, the drainage of all plumbing

and

fixtures, the covering of all building entrances, ventilators

roof and tower exits, and the removal from loggia and wing roof sections of the extensive floodlights

system, the largest single task was the covering of the numerous large sculptures and seals in gold leaf on the facade and in the Ciarden Court, achieved by means of wooden frames and waterproof paper, by about the middle of December.

The caulking

of the cracks in the tower walls during the winter

was followed

in early

Spring by a

complete outside and inside repainting, reconditioning of exhibits units and installation of replacements addition to reconditioning of

all

furnishings and a reorganization of staff prior to the opening.

[

222

EXHIBIT G MVRAUS USED A to its

IX FEDERAL BUILDING

pictorial history of the L nited Slates, tracing the events

present position of eminence

ble for its steady

march

among was

of progress,

which

led step

by step

to the nation's rise

the world powers, with a simple portrayal of the factors responsitold in literally

hundreds of colorful episodes contained

in the

mural decorations of the Federal Building at the United States Government exhibit in the New York World's Fair 1939 and 1940. Widely differing in size, form and artistic treatment, the murals had significant purpose, the inculcation of reverence for the nation's heroic figures and its democratic institutions. Appropriately, every mural in the structure was the work of an American artist. Typical of the American tendency to do things on a bigger as well as a belter scale is the fact that two of the murals were among the largest in the world. American ingenuity was also represented in twelve band-shaped murals, each 53 feet long, which revolved constantly, passing sections into translucent, illuminated plastic sculptures.

They

down

the walls of twelve theme exhibit

are believed to have been the

first

revolv-

ing murals ever used.

Thirteen other colorfully symbolic and decorative murals, each by an American muralist of note, were to be found on the walls of the other rooms, hallways and balconies throughout the structure. Outstanding among these latter were two in the spacious State Reception Room on the second floor, which dramatized American history from 1492 to 1936. Another, in the great State Dining Room, was fashioned from vari-colored woods from all over the world. The two large murals were the first features to attract the attention of visitors entering the Federal Building.

Both the works of noted American

painters,

and resplendent

powerful designs symbolic of the two

chief functions of government, they covered, respectively, nearly the entire areas of the far walls of the

Great Halls of Legislation and the Judiciary,

in the

entrance towers crowning the gracefully spreading

white government building.

Each

of the murals in the Great Halls were 105 feet in height

and 37

feet wide,

and covered an area

Their designs were selected by a jury of noted experts in a $10,000 cash prize national competition open to all American artists, in which there were more than 500 entries. of 3,900 square feet.

In the Hall of the Judiciary (to the right as you faced the building), the huge symbolic painting indicated the function of the judiciary in the interpretation of the Constitution.

The

figure of a

woman,

She held the historic scroll in her left hand while her right was lifted in a commanding gesture. As its beneficiaries, a man, woman and child were shown at the threshold of their home. Industry was portrayed back of them, and higher, to the right was the Supreme Court, with the nine robed justices ascending the steps to th(^ high in the foreground, indicated the vital necessity of

upholding the Constitution.

tribunal.

In coloring, the main figure was clothed in a pale green starred robe with a slender girdle.

Rising at

was a great yellow flame, as from the sword of the defender of the Constitulion. Above, at right, were long golden rays reaching into the clouds. The background was dark brown, fading to black at he the left

bottom.

mural and won half of the SIO.OOO prize offered. He is a native Yale graduate, he also won (he Prix de Rome. In the Great Hall of Legislation (lo your left as you faced the building), he mural depicted symbolically the benefits of wise laws. It showed man's inevitable advancement through the mastery of machiniM v

James Owen Mahoney designed

of Texas,

now

living in

New

York.

this

and natural resources. The two main figures, a man and woman, forty feet high, represented the typical American family. The woman tenderly held their child and the man's left hand rested upon a piece of machinery, indicating his command of mechanism. The happy family trio naturally ar(> the beneficiaries of wise legislation. The artist also depicted how we hav(> gone beyond land and s<ni transportation and are now dealing in terms of air and radio communication. Man was shown traveling in space in airplanes and talking over miles of emptiness the radio.

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;

[

223

]

—a

Murals Fsed

in Feiloral Building {Cont.)

This mural was designed by George Harding of Wynnewood, Pa.,

who won

the remaining $5,000

of the competition prize.

The judges in this contest were: Edward J. Flynn, Commissioner General of the United States New York World s Fair Commission; Theodore T. Hayes. Executive Assistant Commissioner; Eugene Savage, mural painter and Art Consultant to the Commission; Reginald March, mural painter, New York; Ernest Peixetto, consultant for mural painting, board of design, of the commission; Leon KroU. mural painter. New York; and ex-officio N. Max Dunning, Special Assistant to the Assistant Director, Prociu"ement Division, Treasury Department; Howard L. Cheney, architect of the building; and Edward Bruce, Chief of the Section of Painting and Sculpture. Each of the twelve revolving murals, designed by Eugene Savage of New York, presented a colorful and forceful moving painting of the operation of one of the twelve main functions of the government, as

—

they affect the average citizen. Descending from a height of 35 feet into a sculptural mass, it blended with the plastic sculpture and diorama in its individual section to form a symbolic trilogy completing,

from

its

inception

to the present day, the history of the function represented.

In the section dedicated to this government's foreign relations, the mural unfolded the activities of the United States abroad from the time Benjamin Franklin appeared before Louis

Antoinette to plead for the intercession of France

and Marie

down

behalf of the American revolutionary cause,

through this country's World War participation and the signing of the resulting peace pacts. Similar symbolic picturizations were equally as thorough in the rotating murals covering the other themes transportation and communication, national defense, trade, social welfare, education, art and recreation, shelter, food, etc.

Of the two main murals

in the beautiful State

Reception Hall. one. on the West wall covered in

symbolic presentation this country's early history, through the period of exploration, colonization and settlement. also

The

difTiculties prior to

were shown, and the Revolution

flag at the

top of the mural.

the Revolution, such as the Boston Tea Party and the Stamp Act, itself

was

signified

by the

colonial flags

and the

first

I nited States

Directly below these latter was an inset of Washington being inaugurated.

Rogers and Clark expedition, which was indicated by a ship cut off above the mast, an old cannon, an anchor and a pile of cannon balls, and Perry's naval classic. "Don't give up the ship." Also shown was the period of invention of those early times the first steamboat (Fulton's), the McCormick reaper, and a pioneer sleam engine (Stevens' locomotive). A bust of George Washington, seven feet high, by James Earle Eraser, broke through the lower portion of the mural which was 22}/2 by 163^ feet and 10 feet above the floor. The coloring was extremely soft, with a background of red, white and blue. The design itself was Other subjects symbolized

in this elaborate painting included the

inland waterways development, the birth of the

Navy

(1812),

—

elaborated in red, blue-gray and ochres, with some green.

Opposite the Washington mural, on the East wall, was the Lincoln mural, with a bust of the Great P^mancipator by (uilzon Borghim, also seven feel in height, breaking through tiie lower s(H tion. Of the same siz(! and coloring as its companion painting, this mural pr(>sented a symbolic ligure of the South

—

Negro surrounded by cotton bales, hoe in hand. Points of a compass indicated "North" and "South," showing the rise of condict between the two sections of the nation prior to the Civil War, just about the time of Andrew .Jackson's regime. Above the compass was an outline of the map of Cape Cod and a mass of industrial machinery, symbolizing the beginning of the industrial war between capital and labor, as well as the develo[)ing of the induslrial \orlh and the agrarian South. The expansion westward "Westward llo!" also was indicated, with the discovery of gold and the birlli of Cidil'ornia. Mississippi iiiver steamboat commerce was typified, and the early sale of Texas "tlic Lotic Star Stale and the opening of the great Southwest. nion \l the lop of the mural, the Civil War was indicated by a split <'agle and the Coiilederat(> and Hags of thai perif)d; and again, as in the Washington mural, the Hags were across the top of th(> paiK'l. Iininfdi;itr'|\ below was a figure of Lincoln, making his immortal G(>ttysburg speech, and a (piolalion from llwil addn-ss: 'Of the people, by Ihe people, and for llie |)eople."" Then there was the reconstruction completion of railroads, building of the Panama canal, period, and fiirlhr-r industrial development "

[221.]

Murals Used

in Fetleral Building {Cont.) A

inventions of the telephone and automobile, etc.

small group of

women

carried signs, "Votes for

Women." The American Legion Overseas

ribbons and just the dates, 1917-1919, symbolized the World War, and tied up with that was a symbolic group of industrial conditions of today, including a huge factory and a radio tower, signifying the position of the United States in the world. Cut through this overseas decoration was an airplane, indicating the World War was really the birth of modern flying in this country. Both of the main State Reception Hall murals were designed by Louis Bouche, Allen Saalburg and Everett Henry, New York mural artists who form the only partnership of its kind. Their beautiful decorations were to be found in several other buildings at the New York World's Fair 1939, and works by the trio have won high honors and wide recognition in museums and art galleries throughout the

United States. In the great State Dining Room was the marquetry of international wood chips, symbolizing the Angel of Peace (center) drawing the male figures of the World Powers together in bonds of brotherhood

and

friendship.

This was designed by Aimee

Gorham and executed by Guild

Mosaics, both of Portland,

Oregon.

Three murals on the walls of the balcony

to the theatre represented the contributions of as

sections of the LTnited States to the entertainment field

jazz bands from the South, and the

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;motion pictures from California

summer outdoor drama and

;

many and These

minstrels

musicals from the Northeast.

were designed by John Van Wicht, New York. Three other murals, also by Van Wicht, on the walls of the State Dining Room balcony, symbolized the foods of the United States and their connection with the upbuilding of the country. One represented the Northeast, and its original colonies, with their ocean shipping, fisheries and potato production; another, the Northwest and its railroads and grain production; and the third, the Southwest, its fruit and meat products, and a covered wagon. Four murals in the balconies to the State Reception Room, designed by Cornelis H. de Witt, New York, were symbolic of music, education, drama and the arts. In the Ladies' Powder Room was a decorative panel by William Lembke, Islip, L. I., picturing Birds of Paradise, peacocks and other figures in riotously beautiful colorings. And here is a detailed thumbnail sketch of each of Eugene Savage's twelve revolving theme murals in the United States Government Theme Exhibit which are also briefly described in connection with the respective exhibits in Exhibit E. These sketches identify the figures, actions and symbols as they unfolded

down

the moving bands of the paintings.

From

left to right, as

you faced the semi-circular

display, they were:

FOREIGN RELATIONS Benjamin Franklin, envoy of the United States, before Louis X^T and Marie Antoinette and their ministers, explaining the situation of the Revolutionary War and pleading for France's help. Then, President Monroe, with the Monroe Doctrine in hand, standing between Mars, shown defeated and the Western Hemisphere on which Columbia is standing with arms outspread in protection over North and South America. Next, Commodore Perry before the A iceroy of th(> .lapanese Emperor and his retinue, reading President Fillrnoi e's address.

Charles Francis Adams before Queen \ ictoria and her consort declaring actions of British shipping permitted by Prime Minister Palmerston amount to war; Palmerston, defeated, disappears to right. Flags of World War Allies. President Wilson at \ the globe, conceives his concept of League of Nations.

ersailles,

outlined against

International gathering, on move by United States, .signs disarmam<Mit and peace pacts under figure of Columbia standing before Capitol dome and extending cornucopia of plenty in her right hand and olive branch of peace in her left and seal of State

Department.

[

225

]

Murals Used

in Federal Building (Cont.)

TRANSPORTATION AND COMMUNICATION Oxcart and stage coach, representing transportation at time of Washington's inaugural. 1789.

Above, at right, first steam power cylinder engine center, first appHcation of steam power, the water propelling wheel. First steam railroad locomotive used in New York State (and America); ;

introduction of telegraph. Workman throwing switch on first dynamo. First motor, making possible internal combustion engine and multiple horse-

power. Early automobile and car of today. Coast and geodetic survey engineers mapping sea and air transportation; lighthouse with radiating light beams. First Wright Brothers airplane and airplane of today, showing largest of most modern sky liners. Radio mast showing television of singing figure of woman being projected to far side of world, seen by large eye and ear on screen.

NATIONAL DEFENSE Revolutionary soldiers serving cannon and charging in battle; ship Constitution in background. Indian with hand uplifted bids farewell as frontier menace. Soldiers of 1812, Mexican and Civil Wars, greeting each other over cannon. Monitor and Merrimac, first iron clad warships in battle. Cheu-ging American World War soldiers, with tanks, barbed wire. Army of today, infantry on ground and anti-aircraft gun; squad of cavalry against tank as background. Two groups of heavy motorized artillery in action; highpower search-light

and aviation sound detectors

in anti-aircraft unit;

army

airplanes crossing light

rays. full

High perspective view of battleship gun deck turret and crow's nests, with prow of most modern battleship following; navy airplanes in sky formation.

INTERNAL PROTECTION Employees of Bureau of Identification refer to files of fingerprints and rogues gallery portraits to aid Department of Justice operatives in apprehending criminal above. Counterfeit paper

money studied by man at desk; detectives and police surprise counterfeiters (in circular group). IJ. S. Coast (luard vessel crosses prow of smugglers' ship to stop it: Coast Ciuard fiag at j)row. I'. S. Coast (lUard beach patrol and rescue from shipwrtH'k; woman carried from

life

boat.

Coast (luard makes emergency contact at sea by air{)lane for pati(>nt need of quick surgical operation on land. National (niard cavalry, artillery and infantry. I

TRADE Deckhands working cargo of clipper shij). Clipper captain and steersman. \ineri( an consular representatives arranging commercial relations

in for(>ign

|)orls.

Ship being unloaded.

American products, resulting from such arrangements. and security exchanges overlooked bs allegoiical ligiirÂŤ>

Oiil |)oiiring of

Coriinio(lil\

r(>pre-

senting corrunissions go\erniii^' lln-m.

Loading and dumping mac

liincry

h('a\ \ mass of American (iom(>stic and Security l^xchange concc'ssions; all

handling

conuiierce under contiol of ( '.oMitnodit articles of commerce ri-presentcd.

[226]

Murals Used

in Federal Building (CofiY.)

Factory at capacity operation, partly maintained by receipt of orders originating from our foreign relations, giving information on trade opportunities. Mail pouches dumping foreign orders, and coats of arms of many nations from which this mail comes, and their architectural features.

SOCIAL WELFARE Workingman and family of two generations ago, destitute and hopeless from unemployment; little girl receives alms from lady in Victoria carriage. Ship's gangplank with immigrants entering the United States. They are looking up at the Statue of Liberty, while Health Depaitment representatives attend them. Narcotics laws enforced by U. S. agents; smuggling of narcotics intercepted. Statue of Liberty, laboratory and bulletins of Public Health office demonstration by nurse to mothers of proper child feeding. Reading glass calling attention to Food and Drug Act enforcing purity of product and honesty of labels. Women's Bureau improving conditions of working women, eliminating sweat;

shops.

Large hand holding scales of Justice, showing human heart outweighing gold. Ascending motif of social betterment passes groups benefiting by Civilian Conservation camps. Veterans' Bureau, Children's Bureau and Youth Administration.

rest

At top, youth and old age enjoying old age benefits and general social security, and refreshment, picking fruit from tree; homes in background.

EDUCATION, ART AND RECREATION Advanced school and college executives lay hands on torch of education; flame of torch shines through other beams to light entire field of education; allegorical figure of education stands in center, looking upward with sweeping gesture.

Elementary grade class on right, manual training group left, ceramics, furniture, drawing, etc., right. Farmer's wife handling his business details and bookkeeping. Agriculture extension service, showing contour plowing (tractor) and seed treatment. Motion picture and radio as education aids, being shown to student audience. Government child welfare agent investigating conditions leading to juvenile delinquency; juvenile court scene, for corrective measures. Women's Bureau; improving industrial conditions of working women. Children in art gallery, CCC boys learning surveying, large sculpture figure and winged figure of Victory. Recreation group of youth in national park representatives of Indian Affairs Bureau with young Indians; mountain tops, wigwams. ;

SHELTER Tenement eight floor walk-up flat; tired woman with sick child; garbage can, children at window, no place to play stove, cooking, etc. Scene in country; no sanitary arrangements or conveniences. Woman at washboard in open; child carrying in wood; house falling apart. Man receiving notice of United States Housing Authority opportunities. Man in prior episode and other heads of families at U. S. Housing Authority office sign contracts; are shown up-to-date plans. Architects and engineers work out specifications for modern housing. Demonstration of modern conveniences in contrast to (>arli(M- conditions, two women in kitchen. Perspective of new modern home and farm layout. workmen on slum clearance project; tear down old wall; sl(>el of lunv structure going up. New urban apartment building with cliildrcn pla\ing. foliage, sunliglil. air. space. ;

PWA

[227]

Murals Used

in Federal Building {Cont.)

FINANCE AND CREDIT Robert Morris at desk holding off army supply creditors, appealing to their army seen through doorway. Alexander Hamilton standing before waves with ship Constitution passing with eagle on bowsprit. Taxpayers pouring money in U. S. Treasury; front of Treasury building. Rising credit bands behind figure of Columbia, who stands with both arms held upward in support of objects of every human need provided by all human industry under the twelve themes of government exhibit.

patriotism in behalf of

Seal of Treasury.

Family group on foundation of above material, economically secure and

free,

for attainment of highest cultural achievements.

FOOD Destitute farm; man fails to get milk from cow evidently diseased; woman dejected over backward poultry farmer complaining of fruitless trees and impoverished garden is visited by Department of Agriculture agents who call attention to its extension service. Tests will solve his problems, they say. pointing upward to activities of Rureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine. Laboratory scene where pests are identified. Rand across mural shows some of pests. Rureau representative shown cleaning off screen raised to identify insects in flight; swarm of pests approaching; balloons sent up to determine direction and distance of pest distribution. Motor dusting machine covering garden. Motor tree-spraying gang spraying orchard. Airplane powdering fields and crops. Farmers operating seed treatment and inoculating machines. Veterinary inoculating cattle against anthrax, with suggestion of automatic milking baun and dairy. Sections of government-inspected beef. Farmer's family, having availed itself of Agriculture Department aids, shown enjoying benefits of abundant crops and healthy stock. Elevators. ;

CONSERVATION Pioneer, dead bison, birds, etc., prairie schooner. Lumberman cutting trees, stump desert, forest fire.

Tractor plowing scene. Dust storm, woman and child fleeing, dead cattle, farm overwhelmed by dust. Flood, house and victims floating, being rescued by U. S. Coast (luard. Flood, dykes being built by negro workmen under U. S. Army supervision;

power shovel

operation.

PWA

Correcting incipient erosion by CCC and Tree planting and contour plowing. Care of national parks and watei-shed power

groups.

site;

people on horseback and

camper.

Power site development, dam and power and its fruits.

waterfall, with transmission lines; symbolic

figure of

INDUSTRY Colonial home with 90 percent of industry still going on inside, iron and leather work, textiles rej)resented by woman at spinning wh(>el. Patent oflice with numbers of f)at(>nts issued, resulting in factory production of above articles. runodern factory, showing men at machines, bells on wheels, foreman with I

speed-uf) lever, etc.

Two workmen

complain to unsyrripathetic owner.

Strike scene, police

who

lire

overhead, factory burning.

[228]

Murals Used

in FeÂŤ1eral Building {Cont.)

INDUSTRY

(Cont.)

Bread line passes grocery store to soup kitchen. National Labor Relations Board conducts elections to determine bargaining agency. U. S. Conciliation Service solves labor dispute: managers and laborers shake hands across conference table. Women's Bureau studies industrial conditions of women workers. Further aid given to temporarily idle and misdirected by National Youth Administration and CCC groups. Family of industrially adjusted citizen with purchasing power restored, fortified by Bureau of Standards "over the counter" tests of strength, durability, etc.

Bureau

seal at top.

[229]

[

2M)

EXHIBIT H ÂťECORATIOI\S AND FURNISHliN US The

color

scheme of the Federal Building was predominantly white, gold and flame

walls of the exterior were white

window frames and supporting columns in gold leaf

The main

color.

and the sculpture embellishments thereon are described elsewhere. in the front of the building

were gold in color and massive eagles

Somewhat

were suspended over the two main doorways.

All

similar eagles in white were over the

side entrances of the building.

The

floors of all the public

rooms were American walnut parquetry stained black

in the Victorian

manner. In the reception of

Vermont marble,

ofl"

draperies extended from the floor to the ceiling. Six great columns

the center of the room, were divided by a dais where distinguished guests were

Encircling this low dais of Florida cay stone was a magnificent semicircular- carved rug in pale

received. coral wool,

woven

room flame colored

handwoven

Puerto Rico; the waters, earth and sky, and motifs of the United States were

into a design executed in relief without change of color.

in gold sockets rested

Above the

on bases of Vermont marble.

At each

side of the platform flagpoles set

dais the Great Seal of the United States,

carved on a glass disk 6 feet in diameter, was suspended between the two center columns.

In the rear,

on a marble pedestal stood a bust of President Roosevelt by Jo Davidson. The furniture was of American

maple and sycamore, upholstered

flame color and gold.

Corridors led from the State Reception theatre balcony on the other.

Room

to the State Dining

Those nearest the theatre were representative of the dramatic derived their inspiration from food indigenous to America.

Room

to the State Dining

American

red leather.

etched with the American

ish

was

The

in the

stairway

oak were

murals was continued itself.

York, were loaned by Mr. Williams

glass

stars

of the

for the cor-

the tables were of a very

around the apron, and the chairs were of the same

and china was specially designed and executed, the china All

were decorated or

two great Halls of the Legislature and of the Judiciary

at the base of the staircases. th(>

many

seal.

color schemes of the

blue of

Room

to the theatre.

made by the Libbey-Owens-Ford Company.

harmonies of the huge murals placed leaf

Room

Room at which dinners seating 54 guests could be served,

being Lenox china and the glass

The

New

F. Wifliams,

American maple decorated with gold

wood upholstered

and those adjacent to the Dining

corridor leading from the State Reception

In 1940, a distinguished collection of paintings of scenes in

flags.

from the State Reception

In the State Dining light finished

arts

The

\an Wicht.

Room had for its decoration autographed portraits of the heads of the countries New York. In niches at the end of the corridoi's were

American National Parks by Robert ridor leading

on one side and to the

by Mr. Ashley T. Cole of

of the world loaned clusters of early

Room

In three alcoves of each corridor were mural panels by John

them.

reflected color

In both a stylized eagle by (JilTord Proctor in

Dutch metal

In the Hall of the Legislature the walls were soft tan and the grayin

the star patt(>rn(Hl ceiling, while the deeper blue was recognized

In the Hall of the Judiciary

deep tones of rose were used.

Benches of walnut and

in bolli halls.

Directly facing red designed by

th(>

entrance of the theatre was a curved wall with a mosaic mural

John Van Wicht and executed by Bruno de

Pat)li.

Over the

large metal .sculptures depicting the various aspects of the theatre arts.

[231]

in gold,

blue and

six exits of lh(> tlu>atr(>

were

Hvccption

Room Hear Looking South

Shouinn Piano

[

232

]

[

233

]

[2;n

[235]

[

236

]

EXHIBIT

Foreign Governments Occupying Space in Pavilions E, F, K, L,

F and Q

Australia

Japan

Czechoslovakia

Lebanon

Denmark

Luxemburg

Finland

Mexico

France and French Morocco

New

Great Britain

Norway

Greece

Poland

Hungary

Portugal

Iceland

Romania

Iraq

Siam

Ireland (Eire)

Switzerland

Italy

Turkey

[

237

]

Zealand

[

238

EXHIBIT J FILMS SHORT SUBJECTS SHOWN IN THE FEDERAL BUILDING

Pan-American Films:

Rolling

Down

Mexico

Story of Bananas Picturesque Guatemala

Native Arts of Old Mexico

Hawaii, U.

Know Your Money Story of Coffee

Year of Contrasts Washington Parade

[

239

]

EXHIBIT K ENTERTAINMENT OF DISTINGUISHED GUESTS

Operation of Kitchen

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;

Federal Building

3 9

$37,957.74

Catering Service

8,285.95

Hotel Entertainment

6,433.68

Music

1,945.06

Speeches

2,750.00

Miscellaneous

1,116.45

$58,488.88

CONTRACT XYFa 30 with

MARTIN SWEENEY,

Inc.

FEE

FOOD COST

4/1/39 8/1/39 11/1/39

$ 2,000.00

April

3,000.00

May

3,610.97

3,000.00

June

3,570.21

July

3,036.74

"Total

$ 8,000.00

August September

3,035.00

October

2,136.30

Total

$ 1,795.02

1,635.25

........

$18,819.49

WEEKLY PAYROLLS 4/18—29 4/30—5/6 5/7

653.84

—13

542.50

5/14—20 5/21—27 5/28—6/3 6/4

632.50

431.92 465.08

—10

555.50

6/11—6/17 6/18—6/24 6/25—7/1 7/2 7/9

572.43

439.50 488.50 572.00

—7/8 —7/15

383.50

423.50

7/16—7/22 7/23—7/29 7/30—8/5

390.20 395.67 227.00

—8/12

247.00

8/13—8/19 8/20—8/26 8/27—9/2

202.50

9/9

239.66

9/10—9/30

959.92

8/6

9/3 10/1

—

188.50 181.21

—10/14

522.15

10/15—10/21 10/22—10/27 10/28—10/31 Workmen's Compensation Insurance

497.31 261.31

128.33

236.66

Tola!

$11,138.25

Fee

$ 8,000.00

Food Costs Weekly Payrolls

18,819.49 11,138.25

Tola!

$37,957.74

[

242

]

CATERING SERVICE by

LOUIS SHERRY

April 30

$ 3,844.50

May 2— (League) May 6— (Tea) Rental of Equipment May 8 — Loan of Equipment May 13— (Congress) June 10— (Press)

Sept.

Oct.

12.00

13.50 1,790.75

1,039.00

— 17 — (Rental of Equipment) French Naval Officers

June 17 July

1,196.20

(Rental of Equipment)

22— (Rental 18— (Rental

41.00

163.25

of Spoons)

25.00

of Silverware)

160.75

$ 8,285.95

ENTERTAINMENT NOT AT FEDERAL BUILDING (HOTELS) Total

$ 6,433.68

[213]

MUSIC ORCHESTRAS 4/30 5/2 5/2 5/2 5/11 6/10 10/18

—12:00 Noon to 2:00 P. Danish Crown Prince —Afternoon Social

— — Evening Entertainment

235.00 57.00

140.00 100.00

—12.00 Noon to 3:00 P. —King and Queen of England

135.00

180.00

— Commissioner-General's Dinner Dance

175.00

Total

S 1,022.00

ORGANISTS 4/22 4/27 5/11 5/12 5/13 5 4

5/1

5/2 5/2

5/12 5/13 5/14 5/11 5/22

—7:00

to 10:00 P.

— Reception

6.56

—12:00 Noon to 3:00 —12:00 Noon to 3:00 —12:00 Noon to 3:00

M P. M P. M

25.00

25.00 25.00

— Finnish Opening — Reception —Reception — Reception — League of Nations — Entertainment of Congressional Representatives —Irish Delegation — American League Delegation —4:30 —7:30

(Mayor

7/18 7/22 7/24 6/25

15.00

....

25.00 25.00

25.00 15.00

—Reception— (French Comm'n General

7/10

15.00

20.00

6/22 7/6

15.00

M P. M

6/28

6/22 6/24

25.00

— Danish Reception — Girl Scouts of America — King and Queen of England — Reception— Iceland — Reception— Governor of North Carolina — Reception — Governor of Connecticut — Reception— Governor of West Virginia — Reception — Governor of New Jersey

6/5 6/5 6/10 6/17 6/19

25.00

— Reception— — Reception — Portuguese — Reception — South Carolina —Reception— Tennessee — Heception—Utah — Heception — Sweden

15.00

25.00 15.75 15.75 15.00 15.00

15.00

8-8:30 P. M.)

of Paris 9-9:30 P. M.)

Governor of Virginia

15.00

15.00 15.00

25.00 15.00

15.00 15.00 15.00

7/25

—French Naval Officers —Mecci)! ion— Puerto Hico

7/28

—Mcceptiori— Maryland

15.00

8/4 8/10

—Heception— Michigan —Heception Missouri —Heception- Australia —Heception— lUinois

15.00

7/17

8/11

8/26

15.00 15.00

15.00

[211.]

MUSIC— ORGANISTS 8/29 8/8 8/19 8/30 8/31

(Cont.)

—Reception— Florida —Reception— Hawaii

15.00

— Reception— Governor of Kentucky — Dinner— Prince of Luxemburg —Dinner— Minister

15.00

15.00 15.00

of the Netherlands

15.00

—Reception— Commissioner General of Lebanon — Reception — Governor of Delaware 9/12 —Reception— Governor of North Dakota 9/5/39 —Reception— Commissioner General of Mexico 9/16 — Dinner— Commissioner General of Switzerland 9/25 — Reception— Commissioner General of New Zealand 9/25 — Reception— Governing Roard of Pan American Union 9/22 — Reception — Governor of New York 9/29 — Reception — Italian Commissioner General 10/2 Reception — Commissioner General of Venezuela — 10/5 — Reception — Commissioner General of Cuba 10/10 10/22/39 — Reception — Acting Secretary of the Navy — Reception— Commissioner General of Japan 10/23 10/16 — Reception — Commissioner General of Sweden

15.00'

9/1

15.00 15.00

15.00 15.00 .

15.00 15.00 15.00 15.00 15.00 15.00

15.00

15.00 15.00

Orchestras

923.06

$ 1,022.00

Organists

923.06 $ 1,945.06

MISCELLANEOUS 5/9

7/17

—Flowers— Rose Hampton

—Aquacade Tickets for French Naval Officers — Lieutenant Haskell— Ex-penses — G. Cornell Tarler (Social Arrangements) Total

10.00

84.15

981.55 40.75

% 1,116.45

[

]

SPEECHES F.

April

May

LAWRENCE BABCOCK, ASSOCIATES

19— WINS Broadcast 25— Plaza Dinner

50.00 50.00

—Opening of Norwegian Pavilion — Opening of Belgian Pavilion 2 — Opening of Danish Pavilion 3 — Opening of Polish Pavilion 4 — Opening of Finnish Pavilion 4 — Opening of Netherlands Pavilion 5 — Opening of Romanian Pavilion — Opening of Swedish Pavilion 6 — Opening of Turkish Pavilion 6 — Opening of Japanese Pavilion —Opening of Brazilian Pavilion — Opening of Switzerland Pavilion 8 — Opening of Portuguese Pavilion 9 — Opening of Italian Pavilion 10 — Opening of Chilean Pavilion 10 — Opening of Albanian Pavilion 11 — Opening of Hungarian Pavilion 1

50.00

50.00 50.00 50.00 50.00 50.00

50.00 50.00 50.00

50.00

12— Opening

50.00 50.00 50.00

of British Pavilion

—Japanese American Review 13 — Opening of Pavilion 14— Opening of Lithuanian Pavilion 17 — Opening of Soviet Pavilion 20 — Opening of Dominican Republic Pavilion 20— Opening of Cuban Pavilion 25 — Opening of Argentine Pavilion 23 — Opening of Yugo-Slavian Pavilion 24 — Opening of French Pavilion 26 — Opening of Peruvian Pavilion 26 — Opening of Venezuelan Pavilion 13

Irish

27— Opening 28— 0|)ening 30

50.00 50.00

50.00 50.00 50.00

50.00 50.00 50.00 50.00 50.00

50.00

of Mexican Pavilion

50.00

of Jewish l*alestine Pavilion

50.00

— Opening of (^zechoslovakian Pavilion

[

216

50.00

SPEECHES June

7 1

— Opening of Canadian Pavilion — Opening of Pan-American Union Pavilion — Dinner—Japanese Ambassador

2— Japanes

National

Day

—Opening of Greek Pavilion 11 — Opening of Ecuador Pavilion

4 13

Aug.

Sept.

National

50.00 50.00 50.00

50.00 50.00

12— Portuguese National Day 17— Iceland Day 24— Finnish Day 24— West Virginia Day

1— Canada

50.00

July

{Cont.)

50.00 50.00 50.00

50.00

Day

50.00

— Fourth of July Speech —Opening of Lebanon Pavilion

50.00 50.00

20— Greek Day

50.00

1 — Switzerland Day 11— Australian Day

50.00

— Lebanon National Day

9— District

50.00

Columbia Day

50.00

10— Lithuanian National Day 16— Mexico National Day 25— New Zealand National Day

50.00 50.00 50.00

Total

$ 2,750.00

[

21.7

]

The United

States

New York WorliFs Fair Commission

COMPLETE RECORD OF SOCIAL FUNCTIONS

1939

SUMMARY FUNCTIONS: Luncheons

Receptions

Dinners

100

GUESTS Luncheons

Functions

Receptions

Dinners

Total

392

647

8,542

1,522

11,713

1,901

8,542

1.911

12,360

1,222

3.787

1.152

6,461

3,856

....

3,856

1/18/38— 4/25/39

255

4/25/39—10/31/39

1,649

....

Entertainment of Foreign Commissions and Visiting Foreigners

United States (iovornors

668

Mi.scellaneous

Luncheon

lor

Commission (not

at Federal Building).

14 1.901

Oflicial calls of fifty-six distinguislied guests

899

8.542

462

2,029

....

1.91

were received al the Federal Building.

[218]

12,.360

The United States

New York World's Fair Commission

Functions Prior to the Opening of the Federal Building

January

Guest of Honor or Occasion

Date *

18, 1938 to April 25, 1939

1/18/38— Mr.

August

Holm and Mr.

Function

Danish

Boetius,

Delegates *

* *

—Commissioner Harri Roneholm of Finland 3/24/38 — Portuguese Commissioner General Antonio Ferro 3/29/38 — His Excellency Husseim Sabry Pacha, Commis2/21/38

Egypt

sioner General for *

5/27/38

—Dr.

Meinhard

Lienert,

Commissioner General

6/16/38

Romania

6/30/38

Laying of the Cornerstone of the Federal Building

7/14/38

Professor Dirk F.

at the Plaza

Luncheon at the Plaza

Dinner at the Plaza.

Luncheon

at the St. Regis

Luncheon

at the Plaza

Luncheon at the Plaza

160

Luncheon

at the Plaza

Luncheon

at the Terrace

Preview luncheon for the members of the United States Commission

— Foreign Representatives

*Indicated on

Not

Luncheon

Club

Slothouwer, Architect of the

Netherlands Pavilion

4/25/39

at the University

Dr. Andrei Popovici, Deputy Commissioner General for

4/25/39

Luncheon

for

Switzerland *

No.

list

Club

...

Dinner at the Plaza

352

Total

647

of Entertainment for Foreign Commissions.

indicated on any other

list

[

249

]

The United States Xew York World's Fair Commission FUNCTIONS IX THE FEDERAL BUILDIXO April 27, 1939 to October 31, 1939

Guest of Honor or Occasion

Date

4/27/39— Participants

Luncheon

Reception

Guests

Press

4/30/39— Opening

Day— President

Invited Guests

Etc Commissioners' Supper 5/ 1/39 Crown Prince and Princess of Norway .. 5/ 2/39 Crown Prince and Princess of Denmark and Iceland Secretary General of the League of Nations Commander of the Atlantic Squadron ... 6/39 Commissioner General for Finland 5/ 5/11/39 President Somoza of Nicaragua Commissioner General for Hungary 5/12/39—Ambassador of Great Britain U. S. Congressional Delegation 5/13/39— U. S. Congressional Delegation Deputy Chief of the Irish Free State. 5/14/39 Commissioner General for Romania 5/16/39 Commissioner General for Argentina. ... 5/18/39— Herbert Hoover 5/19/39 International Congress on Military Medicine and Pharmacy 5/20/39— Officers and cadets of A. R. A. La Argen-

— —

336

200

50 56

300 52

350 *

275 150 2

43 *

100

Romania

for Argentina.

175

Cini

— Commissioner General for Denmark .... — Commissioner General for Finland

315 9

6/10/39— Their Britannic Majesties 6/14/39— Preview of Land of Liberty 6/17/39

400

tina

6/ 5/39 6/ 9/39

76 *

—Commissioner General for Iceland

350

Governor of Arkansas

6/24/39 6/25/39

for

100

45 215 53

France

— (iovernor of West Virginia

100

—

Swedish Secretary of Commerce 6/27/39— India— Maharaja of Kapurlhala 6/28/39— (iovernor of New Jersey 7/ 2/39—1,'. 7/

7/ 5/39

50 42

575

Attorney (W'neral

3/39— OiriccTs

of Canadian Ship Skeener

— C-ommis.sioner (ieneral

135

250

6/19/39— Governor of North Carolina 6/20/39— Belgian Colonial Minister 6/22/39— Governor of Connecticut Commissioner (General

— — —

5/30/39— ItaUan Senator

1,000

— —

for

—Commissioner General — Commissioner General

Press,

5/22/39 5/25/39

Dinner Guests

U. S. S.

[

250

]

The United States ^ew York World's Fair Commission Functions in

tlie

Federal Building (Cont,)

Guest of Honor or Occasion

Date

Luncheon

Reception

Guests

— Governor of Virginia 7/ 7/39 — Commissioner General for Brazil 7/10/39 — Commissioner General for Portugal 7/12/39— Brazilian Chief of StalT 7/14/39 — Commissioner General for Chile 7/17/39 — CommanderofFrench4thCruiserDivision

7/6/39

37 45 53 31 *

7/18/39— Governor of South Carolina 7/21 /39— India— Maharaja of Tripura

250

7 /22 /39— Governor of Tennessee

250

7/24/39

—

350 6 of Puerto

Rico

250

7 /28/39— Governor of

7/28/39— Shaikh

4/39— Governor

Maryland KhaHfah of Persia

225 15

Michigan 8/ 7/39 Officers of Camp George Washington 8/ 8/39— Governor of Hawaii 8/10/39 Governor of Missouri 8/11/39 Commissioner General for Australia 8/14/39— Officers of H. M. A. S. Perth 8/19/39— Governor of Kansas 8/26/39— Governor of Illinois 8/29/39— Governor of Florida 8/30/39— H. R. H. Prince Felix of Luxemburg. 8 /3 1 /39— The Minister of the Netherlands 9/ 1/39 Commissioner General for Lebanon 9/ 5/39— Governor of North Dakota 9/ 9/39— District of Columbia 9/15/39 Governor of Delaware 9/16/39 Commissioner General for Mexico 8/

— — —

150

...

150 151

300 6

200 100 100

...

—

135

200

— —

110

9/18/39— Lt. General Hugh A. Drum 9/22/39— Pan-American Union 9/25/39

188

— Commissioner General for Iceland

7/24/39— Governor of Utah Mayor of Glasgow 7/25/39 Retiring and new Governors

Dinner Guests

46 246 150

— Commissioner General for New Zealand. Commissioner General

for Switzerland

9/26/39— Herbert Hoover 9 /29/39— Governor of New York

17 1 00

— Commissioner General for Peru — Pan-American Luncheon 1/39— of Rights Anniversary 10/ 2/39 — Commissioner General for Italy 10/ 5/39 Commissioner — General for Venezuela. 10/ 10/10/39 — Commissioner General for Cuba 10/16/39 — Commissioner General for Sweden *10/18/39 — All Commissioners GenergJ 10/19/39— Admiral Woodward 10/29/39 — Deputy C-ommissioner General for Poland

9/29/39 9/30/39

Bill

24 *

150

47 45

...

[251]

43 *

156

48 31

The Uoited

States

New York World-s Fair Commission

Funetious in

Federal Building {Cont,)

Guest of Honor or Occasion

Date 10 22

tlie

39—Acting

10 23 39

10/31 39

Secretary of the

Luncheon

Reception

Guests

Navy

Dinner Guests

219

— Commissioner General for Japan

—Officers of Camp George Washington ...

30 1,649

8,542

1,522

*Buffet luncheons or suppers

1,252

59]

Regular luncheons or dinners

397

931

**Buffet supper prepared at the Federal Building, Since

supper was served at the Terrace Club.

[252]

was impossible

to heat the Reception

Room

ENTERTAINMENT FOR FOREIGN COMMISSIONS and Date

Country

Visiting Foreigners Luncheon

No.

Reception

No.

Dinner

ALBANIA

ARGENTINA

5/16/39— de Marval, C. G.. 5/20/39— Officers and cadets of A. R. A. La Argentina

AUSTRALIA

BELGIUM

—

100

5/25/39—

de Marval, C. G.

175

8/11/39— 8/14/39—

Macgregor, C. G.

300 Officers of

H.M.

A.S. Perlh..

—

6/20/39— Colonial

—

Minister.

BOLIVIA

BRAZIL

CANADA

—

7/39—

Dr. Vidal, C. G...

7/12/39—

Chief of Staff ....

3/39—

Officers of

H.M.16

C.S. Skeener ...

CHILE

7/14/39—

Senator

Michels,

C.G

COLOMBIA

CUBA

—10/10/39—

Benites,

Quirch,

CZECHOSLOVAKIA

DENMARK

—

1/18/38—Holm & Boetius (Llniversity Club)

Crown

5/ 2/39 6/ 5/39

Prince.

Nielson, C.

315

DOMINICAN REPUBLIC ECUADOR EGYPT

—

Hussein Sabry

3/29/38—

Pasha C G .

(Plaza)

FINLAND

2/21/38— Ron eh olm. C. 6

(Plaza)

FRANCE GREAT BRITAIN

6/39— 9/39— Dr.

Dr. Jutila,C.G. Jutila, C. G.

6/22/39— 7/17/39—

Olivier, C.

5/12/39— Ambassador 6/10/39— King and Queen

Pan-American Union member— see

Admiral (iodfrov 52 .

PAN-AM EIHCAIN UNION.

[

253

]

53 .

188

Entertainment for Foreign Commissions {Cont.) Country

Date

GREAT BRITAIN

Luncheon

6/27/39— Maharaja

—Continued

No.

Reception

No.

Dinner

Ka-

purthala

7/21/39—

Maharaja of

7/24/39—

pura Provost of Glas-

Tri-

gow

GREECE

GUATEMALA *HAITI

HONDURAS HUNGARY

5/11/39—

Baron de Kruchina

6/17/39—

Vihljalmur

ICELAND

300 Thor,

250

7/24/39— ThorThors, Chairman of Commis10

sion

IRAQ

—

IRELAND

5/13/39—

Sean T. O'Kelly,

Deputy Chief of F. S

275

Senator Cini

the

—

ITALY

5/30/39— 10/

2/39—

Admiral Cantu, C.

G JAPAN

—10/23/39—

LEAGUE OF

K.Wakasugi,C.G.

— 5/ 2/39— — 9/ 1/39—

NATIONS

LEBANON

Secretary Genl.

1000

Mr. Corm, C. G.

135

LITHUANIA

LUXEMBURG

—

8/30/39—

H. R. H. Prince Felix

MEXICO NETHEFU.ANDS

— 9/16/39— — 7/14/39—Prof.

G. 110

la Colina, C.

Slothouwer, 20

Architect(Plaza)

Minister and Mrs.

8/31/39—

Loudon

NEW zh:aland NICARAGUA NOjmAY *P;iri -American

R. M. Firth, C. G. 150

9/25/39— -

5/11/39— President

5/1/39— Union member

Crown Prince

— see PAN-AMEHICAN. [

254

]

Entertainment for Foreign Commissions {Cont») PAN-AMERICAN UNION

Luncheon

Date

Country

—

No.

9/22/39— 9/30/39— Secretary Wallace and all Pan-

Reception

No.

Dinner

Governing Roard. 246

American C.G.'s

*PARAGUAY PERSIA

—

Shaikh Mohamed Rin Isa al Khali-

7/28/39—

fah

*PERU

9/29/39—

POLAND

-10/20/39—

PORTUGAL

Alzamora, C. G.

Deputy C. G. C. G. (Plaza)

Antonio Ferro, C.

3/24/38—Antonio Ferro, 7/10/39—

ROMANIA

Kwapiszewski

6/16/38— Dr.

Popovici, Con-

sul

General

(Plaza)

5/14/39— 5/22/39—

Dr. Gusti, C. G.

150 52

Dr. Gusti, C. G.

SIAM

SOUTHERN RHODESIA SWEDEN 6/25/39—

Secretary of

Com-

merce Moeller

Count Rernadotte,

10/16/39—

SWITZERLAND

—

5/27/38— Dr.

Lienert, C. G.

(later (St.

replaced)

Regis)

9/25/39—

Dr. Nef, C. G.

TURKEY U.

S. S.

5/39—

Tikhomirnov C. G

Dr. Lopez, C. G.

*URUGUAY

VENEZUELA YUGOSLAVIA ALL COUNTRIES

—10/ 5/39—

—

6/30/38

—Laying of the Corner Stone of the

FederalRuilding (Plaza)

4/25/39

—Foreign Represen-

160

Foreign Represen-

352

tatives (Plaza).

tatives (Plaza)

4/30/39— Opening Day .... *536 29 10/18/39

—Commissioners

Commissioners General Dinner (Terrace Club)

Totals

Pan-American Union member— see

Luncheons.

.1,222

Receptions.

PAN-AMERICAN UNION. [255]

.3,78

Dinners

156 1,452

RECEPTIOIVS IX HO]\OU OF GOVERNORS of ^States

aod Territories Number

State or Territory

Guest of Honor

Date

of Guests

ARKANSAS

6/17/39

Governor Carl E. Bailey

350

CONNECTICUT

6/22/39

Governor Raymond E. Baldwin

215

DELAWARE

9/15/39

Governor Richard C.

McMuUin

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

9/ 9/39

(dinner)

FLORIDA

8/29/39

Governor Fred P. Cone

100

HAWAII

8/ 8/39

Governor Joseph B. Poindexter

150

ILLINOIS

8/26/39

Governor Henry Horner

100

KENTUCKY

8/19/39

Governor A. B. Chandler

200

MARYLAND

7/28/39

Governor Herbert R. O'Connor

225

MICHIGAN

8/ 4/39

Lt.

MISSOURI

8/10/39

Governor Lloyd C. Stark

151

NEW

6/28/39

Governor A. Harry Moore

575

NEW YORK

9/29/39

Governor Herbert H. Lehman

100

NORTH CAROLINA

6/19/39

Governor Clyde R. Hoey

100

NORTH DAKOTA

9/ 5/39

Governor John Moses

200

PUERTO RICO

7/25/39

Retiring

JERSEY

Governor Harry E. Kelly

Governor Blanlon Winship, Governor Leahy

New 250

SOUTH CAROLINA

7/18/39

Governor Burnet R. Maybank

250

TENNESSEE

7/23/39

Governor Prentice Cooper

250

UTAH

7/24/39

Governor Henry H. Blood

350

7/6/39

Governor James H. Price

WESTMIUilMA

6/24/39

Governor Homer A.

VHU;

'I'otul

[

236

loll

75 100

3,856

MISCELLAXEOIJS EXTERTAIXMENT ill

the Federal Building Number

Date 4/27/39

Buffet Luncheon

Participants

4/27/39

Buffet Supper

Press

4/30/39

Buffet Supper

Commissioners guests

5/ 2/39

Dinner

Commander

5/12/39

Reception

Congressional Delegation

350

5/13/39

Bullet Luncheon

Congressional Delegation

400

Luncheon

Buffet Luncheon

Congress

ot Military

6/14/39

Buffet Supper

Preview

Land

7/ 2/39

Luncheon

Attorney General

8/ 7/39

Reception

(Jfficers ot

Camp

9/ 9/39

Dinner

District of

Columbia

5/18/39 5/19/39

Squadron

Herbert Hoover

Medicine and Pharmacy

100

Liberty

135 9

Ceorge Washington

150

Drum

Dinner

General

9/26/39

Dinner

Herbert Hoover

46 17

and

Exercises

Buffet Luncheon

150th Anniversary of the Adoption of the

Dinner

Admiral Woodward

10/22/39

Reception

Acting Secretary of the

10/31/39

Reception

Officers of

10/19/39

9/18/39

*10/ 1/39

oi the Atlantic

Camp

Bill of

Rights.

Navy

George Washington and Fair

219 officials

Total

Miscellaneous Entertainment in the Federal Building

SUMMAB Y 668

buffet)

Receptions

899

Dinners (including buffet suppers)

462

Total

2,029

Total on itemized sheet (showing number of guests)

1,954

Buffet luncheon guests after Bill of Rights exercises

75 2,029

[257]

30 1,954

*75 guests remained for buffet luncheon

Luncheons (including

150

OFFICIAL CALLS AT

THE FEDERAL BUILDIXG Date 5/19/39

The Governor

5/27/39

Argentine Commissioner General

5/29/39

The Peruvian Ambassador The President of the Czechoslovak Republic and

5/31 39

of Pennsylvania

the Czechoslovak

Minister

6/ 1/39

6/ 2/39 6/ 6/39 6/ 9/39

6/14/39 6/16/39

6/17/39

The The The The The The The

Governor of Indiana Japanese Ambassador

Governor of Massachusetts Governor of Rhode Island Governor of Georgia Relgian Minister of

Commerce and

the Relgian Ambassador

Governor of Ohio

The Danish

Minister, the

Chairman of the

Icelandic

Commission

and the Icelandic Commissioner General

The Governor The Governor

of Arkansas

The Governor The Governor

6/22/39 6/24/39

The Minister

6/25/39 6/28/39

The Governor of West Virginia The Swedish Minister of Commerce The Governor of New Jersey

6/29/39

Governors attending Convention of Governors

6/30/39

The Governor

7/ 1/39

The Canadian Prime Minister The Governor of Vermont

6/19/39 6/21/39

7/ 2/39

of North Carolina

New Hampshire

of Connecticut

of Finland

of Minnesota

7/13/39

The Brazilian Chief of Staff The Ex-President of the Dominican RepubHc, General

7/14/39

The French Ambassador

7/15/39

The The The The The

7/12/39

7/18/39

7/20/39 7/22/39

Governor of Maine

Governor of South Carolina Greek Minister Turkish Minister (jovernor of Tennessee

8/ 1/39

The retiring and new governors of Puerto Rico The Swiss Commissioner General

8/ 4/39

Rear Admiral Waesche of the Coast Guard

8/ 8/39

'I'he

(lovcrrior of

8/10/39

The

(

8/11/39

The

Australian Commissioner (Jeneral

7/25/39

Hawaii

iovcrtior of Missouri

Trujillo

Federal Building {Cont.)

Official Calls at the

Guests

Date 8/16/39 8/19/39

8/21/39 8/29/39

8/31/39 9/ 4/39

The Dominican Minister The Governor of Kentucky Rear Admiral Brown (Naval Academy Day) The Governor of Florida The Minister of the Netherlands H. R. H. Prince FeHx of Luxemburg

9/ 7/39

The Governor of North Dakota The Commissioner General of Brazil

9/10/39

The Lithuanian Minister

9/16/39

The Mexican Commissioner General The Italian Ambassador

9/ 5/39

9/24/39

9/25/39 9/29/39

The Commissioner General of New Zealand The Governor of New York

10/14/39

The Chinese Ambassador The Cuban Commissioner General The Polish Ambassador

10/16/39

The Yugoslav Minister

10/26/39

The Romanian Minister

10/10/39

Total Calls

[259]

OFFICIAL MORXIIVG CALLS at the Federal Building Receptions for thirty to forty persons including the

official

party and

Fair representatives

Country

Date

Representative

AUSTRALIA

L. R. Macgregor,

BELGIUM

The

BRAZIL

The Chief of Staff Dr. Armando Vidal

7/12/39

CANADA CUBA

The Prime Minister

7/1/39

The Cuban Minister

10/10/39

FINLAND

The Finnish Minister

6/24/39

GREECE

Dometrios Sicilianos, Greek Minister and Commissioner General 7/20/39

ICELAND

Thor Thors, Chairman of the Commission, and Vilhjalmar Thor, Commissioner Gen-

Commissioner General

Colonial Minister

8/11/39

6/16/39

9/ 7/39

6/17/39

eral

ITALY

The

JAPAN

The Japanese Ambassador

5/ 2/39

JEWISH PALESTINE

Committee

5/28/39

LITHUANIA

The Lithuanian Minister

9/10/39

LUXEMBURG

H. R. H. Prince Felix

9/ 4/39

POLAND PORTUGAL

The

The Portuguese Minister

6/12/39

SWEDEN

The Swedish Minister

6/25/39

SWITZERLAND

The Swiss Minister

8/1/39

TURKEY

The Turkish Minister

7/22/39

YUGOSLAVIA

The Yugoslav Minister and Commissioner

Italian

Ambassador

Polish Minister

General

[260]

9/24/39

10/14/39

10/16/39

EXHIBIT L ENTERTAINMENT of

DISTINGUISHED GUESTS 1940

Personal Services

$ 6,858.70

Supplies and Materials

8,146.17

Rental of Equipment

837.90

Music

1,087.00

$16,929.77

[261

PERSONAL SERVICES Employees

$5,331.20

Part time Employees

1,527.50

Full time

$6,858.70

FULL TIME EMPLOYEES Dante A. Cattaneo

Steward— $3100 per annum

April 22, 1940 to

November

16,

1940 at 2:33

$1,762.17

Joseph Knoepffler

Chef— S2900

per

annum

May

1940 to November

1940 at 2:28

1,422.89

Leo Hipp

Waiter— $1860

per

annum

April 29, 1940 to

November

21, 1940 at 3:02

1,047.37

April 22, 1940 to

November

11,

1940 at 2:33

698.77

Joseph Ferdinand

Dishwasher— $1260 per annum

Management

Services

Paul de Monlalbon

Fee Basis $400— Fair Period 1940 Total

[262]

400.00 $5,331.20

PART TIMÂŁ HELP Amount Date

May

No.

Function

Scientific Congress.

June 16

Irish Minister

12 1 1

June 13

Description

Waiters @, $4.00 each $4.00 each Cook $8.00 each Dishwasher $3.50 each

Paid $16.00

Waiters

8.00 .

Captain @, $15.00 each

Bartenders

3.50

59.50

Pan-American (Dr Rowe)

June 22

June 23

Finland

Dishwashers Waiters

Dishwasher

Cook

Waiters

$3.50 each

July 30

New

Jersey

August 1 August 3 August 7 August 8

Switzerland

West

Virginia

Hawaii Pan-American

(Representatives)

Waiters

August 26 September 25

Rhode

$4.00 each Waiters (m $4.00 each

Wine Butlers

Waiters

Cook (w. $10.00 each Pantryman $5.00 each.

2 1

July 14

Island

Lieutenant General

Drum

1 1

September 26

Lord Lothian

4 3 1 1

New Hampshire

Mexico

Tennessee

Pan-American (Consul General)

September 21 October 5

Arkansas Poland

October 6

Baltic States

7.00

3.50

8.00

59.50

32.00 .

3.50

35.50

20.00 .

3.50

23.50

8.00 .

@ @

3.50

11.50

20.00

8.00

16.00

8.00

(w,

$10.00 each.

20.00

@ $7.00 each

49.00 10.00

(ai,

Dishwasher (w, $4.00 each Waiters (a), $7.00 each Waiters $4.00 each Cook $8.00 each Dishwasher $4.00 each Waiters $4.00 each Waiters $7.00 each Waiters @, $4.00 each

@ @

2 3

Waiters

@ @ $4.00 each

5.00

4.00

88.00

28.00 12.00

[263]

424.00

48.00 .

Waiters $4.00 each Waiters @, $4.00 each Waiters $7.00 each Waiters $4.00 each

$4.00 each

Czechoslovakia

Canadian

$8.00 each

July 28

12.00

$4.00 each

July 25

40.00 .

$3.50 each.

(w,

French Puerto Rico

Australia

320.00

Dishwasher @, $3.50 each Waiters $4.00 each Dishwasher (w, $3.50 each Waiters $4.00 each Dishwasher @, $3.50 each Waiters (5} $4.00 each Waiters (a^ $4.00 each Waiters $4.00 each Waiters $4.00 each Waiters (gi $4.00 each Waiters (ÂŽ $4.00 each Waiters $4.00 each

June 24

30.00

Butlers <& $10.00 each

Cooks $10.00 each Pantrymen (5^ $6.00 each.

15.00

$15.00 each.

(w,

September September September September

Foreign Commissioners

General

July

$16.00

48.00

Total

8.00 .

4.00

52.00

8.00

28.00

8.00

7.00

8.00

15.00

12.00

PART TIME HELP

(Cont.) Amount

Date

No.

Function

Paid

Description

Total

Latin American Repre-

October 11

sentatives

Commissioners General

October 15

Cook

Dishwashers

$8.00 each (5)

14.00 8.00

$5.00 each

30.00

170.00

@ $15.00 each.

Captain

Pantryman

(a>

22.00

10.00

15.00

$7.00 each.

7.00

9d on 24.00

24.00

8.00

October 17

Finland

October 18 October 19

Denmark

Waiters

Admiral Woodward

Chef $12.00 each Dishwasher @ $5.00 each Waiter $15.00 each

@ $4.00 each

@ Waiters @ $10.00 each Captain @ $10.00 each

Waiters

Dishwashers

Chef

12.00 .

$7.00 each

5.00

80.00 10.00 14.00

$5.00 each.

10.00

12.00

(g $12.00 each Dishwashers $5.00 each. Waiter (gj, $10.00 each Waiters $7.00 each

63.00

Cook

@ $10.00 each

10.00

Waiters

(a!

9=^6

146.00

Managers of State Ex-

October 21

hibits

2 1

Latin American

October 25

10.00 10.00

95.00

Army

Officers

$5.00 each

20.00

10.00

Total

1,527.50

REIVTAL OF EQIJIPMEXT Fair Period

Rental of Kitchen Clock

1940

May

250 Demi tasse cups and saucers, Gold eagle and two

June

Glasses, tables, tablecloths, chairs, platters, cups

saucers, silverware

and 499 25

water pitchers

20.00

September 19

200 cups, saucers and spoons

October

Palms, silverware, tables, chains, tablecloths and glasses

25 .75

flags

and

8 .95

283.95

$837.90

Total

[

264

]

MUSIC Date n /I

TllTlP

TiiTip

Tune

2*^

Tiinp

III

Type

Function 1

T*o

(

o n ri

.ornmK*iir*Tipr<

lT*frcinict

Ori^li p*it rfj

-MPriprfll

Cost $ 15.00

fi Ti

r^n Qprn nl a

455.00 9.00

r iTilann

9.00 9.00 9.00

111

juiy

Tiil-vr

r TPTir'n

.ornrni*i*iir»Tipr

^pripriil

9.00

.iO

Tnlv 2R Tnlv ^0

Cl WT

OT*OiHAr

i\ligU»t 1 /\.UgU3l

A m AUgUSL

/ rK

1 o'l'

oepieniDci

YHTO 1

rk/~v/~\

o Tl /~i .

^lo

j-jOiu j_;Oiiiidii diici

iNew

9.00

VJlgdlllSL 1

Ittto n 1 ot

T'fTOTllcf'

9.00

IrfToniof"

9.00

iT^fTOT^lcf

9.00

urgdiiisi

9.00

/jUdiaini iiepre

sentatives

9.00

September 14

New Hampshire

September 16

Mexico

September 18

Organist

9.00

Organist

9.00

Tennessee

Organist

9.00

September 21

Arkansas

.Organist

9.00

October 5

Poland

Organist

9.00

October 6

Baltic States Representatives

October 15

Commissioners General

Organist

9.00

.Orchestra and Ensemble

455.00

Total

$1,087.00

SUPPLIES AND MATERIALS Bread and Rolls

97.88

Butter, Eggs and Cheese

188.39

Cigars and Cigarettes

340.25

CofTee

34.12

Club Soda and Ginger Ale

45.07

Dry Cakes

270.20

Fish

273.25

Flowers

854.00

Fruits and Vegetables

348.80

Groceries

660.85

Ice

77.71

Cream Meat Milk and Cream

75.23 1,102.01

Wines and Liquors

3,726.36

Total

$8,146.17

Ice

52.05

[

26S

]

THE IJXITED STATES I\EW YORK WORLD'S FAIR COMMISSION COMPLETE RECORD OF SOCIAL FUNCTIONS

1940

SUMMARY FUNCTIONS: Luncheons

Receptions

51 7

Dinners

Official

Guests

Calls

Foreign Commissions and Visiting Foreigners Representatives of U.

S.,

States and Territories.

Miscellaneous

Total

[

675

Luncheons 69

Receptions

Dinners

5,571

509

6,827

1,627

2,011

1,062

104

1,293

1,101

106

8,263

661

10,131

336

266

THE riVITED STATES NEW YORK WORLD'S FAIR COMMISSION Functions in the Federal Building May

Date 5/10/40

5/11/40 5/21/40 5/27/40

6/5/40 6/ 8/40

6/11/40 6/13/40

6/14/40 6/16/40 6/20/40

6/22/40 6/23/40 6/24/40

10, 1940 to

Reception

Guests

Wife of Venezuelan President Danish Minister (Call) Danish Minister

Romanian Minister Romanian Minister Members of Press Rritish Ambassador

8th American Scientific Congress (Fountain Display).

(Call)

Governor of Delaware

Minister of Ireland (Call)

Minister of Ireland

140

500

—

North Dakota Day Judge Rirdzell Representing the Governor (Call) Judge Rirdzell Dr. L. R. Rowe, Director, General Pan American Union Finnish Minister (Call)

Finnish Minister

Australian Minister (Call)

Australian Minister

Day— Call by the Honorable Anthony J. Dimond

... .

120

by James A. McKinnon, Canadian Minister of Trade and Commerce James A. McKinnon Naval Academy Day— Call by Admiral Ellis Admiral Ellis French Ambassador (Call) French Ambassador

30 320 25 300 20

Call

Press

Foreign Commissioners

Bolivarian Consuls General (Fountain Display)

Puerto Rico Day— Dr. Rupert Emerson Foreign Commissioners

Governor of Massachusetts (Call) Czechoslovak Minister (Call) Czechoslovak Minister Governor of New Jersey (Call) Governor of New Jersey

43 72 32

250

7/23/40 7/24/40 7/25/40

7/30/40

7/18/40

7/26/40 7/27/40 7/28/40

150

(Call)

350

Foreign Commissioners General

Japanese Ambassador (Call) Japanese Ambassador

47 150

250 11 ..

500

125

[267]

Dinner Guests

Mrs. James Roosevelt (Tea) Mrs. James Roosevelt (Tea)

6/29/40

17/14/40

Luncheon

Dedication of Franklin Statue (no refreshments)

Alaska

7/13/40

25, 1940

Guest of Honor or Occasion

6/27/40

7/ 1/40

October

210

Functions in the Federal Building (Cont.) Luncheon

Date 7 31 40

1/40

Guest of Honor or Occasion

Guests

Foreign Commissioners

8 16 40

8/18/40

Press Representatives (Call)

8/ 4/40 7 40 8 '

8 40

8 10 40

250

Governor of Virginia (Call) Governor of Virginia U. S. Coast Guard Governor of Hawaii (Call) Governor of Hawaii Pan-American Delegates Ecuadorian Minister Fountain Display Dominican Minister (Call)

30 200 37

22 200 50

—

75 37

Press Representatives

8/26/40

Governor of Rhode Island Governor of Rhode Island

8/31/40

Prince Felix of

9/5/40

Colonel Spiller

9/ 6/40

Officers of

9/7/40

Governor of Florida (Call) Brazil Day Consul General

9/11/40 9/14/40

(Call)

Luxemburg

Camp

9/17/40 9/18/40

9/19/40

62 34 112 50

(Call) ..

George Washington and Their Guests

—

Colonel Denton

Governor of New Hampshire (Call) Governor of New Hampshire Students from Foreign Countries (Fountain Display). Ambassador of Mexico (Call) Ambassador of Mexico Mexico "Pilgrims" (Fountain Display) Japanese Senator G. Imai Governor of Tennessee (Call) Governor of Tennessee Pan-American Society and Consuls General (Fountain Arkansas

Day

(Call)

— (Commander of the American Legion)

37 175 200 24 250

80 90

225 150 200

Display)

9/21/40 9/23/40 9/25/40

80 ..

9/16/40

Bolivian Officers (Fountains)

62 50

9/26/40

Hugh A. Drum General Drum (Dancing) New Zealand Day (Call)

9/27/40

Ambassador Commissioners General

10/ 1/40

Commissioners General

10/ 4/40

General Oliver L. Spiller

10/5/40

Polish

10/6/40

Baltic Stales

Day

Baltic States

Diplomats

Lt. General

30 150

British

10/11/40

Ambassador Polish Ambassador

100

27 80

(Call)

32 250 79

(Call)

Latin Xmcrican Olficers (Call)

«9

Latin Arn<'ri(an Oiri<«;rs

10/14/40

Cuban Army

Dinner Guests

Minister of Switzerland (Call)

Minister of Switzerland

8/ 2/40 8 3 40

Reception Guests

OfTicers

[268]

Fiinetioiis in the

Date 10/15/40 10/17/40 10/18/40 10/19/40

10/21/40 10/22/40 10/25/40

Federal Building (Cont,)

Guest of Honor or Occasion

Luncheon

Reception

Guests

Foreign Commissioners General

Finnish Minister (Fountains)

Dinner Guests 140

800

Danish Commissioner (Fountains) Rear Admiral C. H. Woodward Admiral Woodward (Dancing) Managers of State Exhibits

75 ..

150 ..

Princess Alice (Fountains)

Latin American Officers (Call)

Latin American Officers

80 .

Mrs. James Roosevelt (Tea) Totals

106

[269]

12 9,364

661

EXTERTAIXMEXT FOR FOREIGN COMMISSIOIVS AXD Country

AUSTRALIA BALTIC STATES

VISITIIVG FOREIGIVERS

Date

Luncheon

No.

6/24/40

Reception

No.

Australian Minister 300

Diplomatic Repre-

10/ 6/40

250

sentatives

BOLIVIA

Army

9/23/40

Officers

(Fountains)

CANADA

Minister of Trade

7/ 1/40

and Commerce

CUBA CZECHOSLOVAKIA

DENMARK

Army

10/14/40

Officers

7/28/40

Minister

500

6/ 5/40 10/18/40

Minister

150

Commissioner (Fountains)

ECUADOR

Minister (Foun-

8/10/40

tains)

FINLAND

6/23/40 10/17/40

320

Minister

Minister (Foun800

tains)

FRANCE GREAT BRITAIN

Ambassador

7/14/40

250

Princess Alice

10/22/40

(Fountains) ....

IRELAND

6/16/40

Minister

500

JAPAN

6/29/40 9/17/40

Ambassador

120

9/16/40

Ambassador 250 Mexico Pilgrims

MEXICO

Senator Imai

(Fountains)

NEW ZEALAND POLAND

British Ambas.sador 150

9/26/40 10/ 5/40

Ambassador

ROMANIA

6/ 8/40

Minister

SWITZKHLAM)

8/ 1/40

Minister

250

VENEZUELA

5/27/40

Wife of President

[

270

]

Dinner

No.

Entertainment for Foreign Commissions

and

Visiting Foreigners (Cont.)

MISCELLANEOUS Country

Date

Luncheon

No.

Reception

No.

Dinner

Foreign Commissioners General

PAN-AMERICAN UNION SWITZERLAND, FINLAND, MEXICO

Welcome Dinner 210

6/13/40

Director General

6/22/40

7/23/40

500

Fountains

150

Commissioners Informal ...

ROLIVIAN CONSULS

Rowe

7/24/40

BELGIUM, PERU, CZECHOSLOVAKIA

AND FRANCE

7/26/40

Commissioners Informal ...

JAPAN, ITALY, EIRE,

ROMANIA

7/31/40

Commissioners Informal.

BRAZIL, BRITAIN,

POLAND, NORWAY

8/ 2/40

Commissioners Informal.

PAN-AMERICAN DELEGATES

8/ 8/40

Fountains

FOREIGN COUNTRIES

9/14/40

Scholarship Students(Fountains) 200

PAN-AMERICAN SOCIETY AND CONSULS

Fountains

9/19/40

150

CANADA, HUNGARY,

TURKEY AND NEW ZEALAND

9/27/40

Commissioners Informal ...

AUSTRALIA, ICELAND, LEBANON

10/ 1/40

Commissioners Informal ...

LATIN AMERICA

10/11/40

Chiefs of Staff.

10/15/40

Farewell

10/25/40

Chiefs of Stair.

Foreign Commissioners General

LATIN AMERICA Total

[271]

5.574

140 .

80 509

EXTERTAINME^^T FOR REPRESENTATIVES OF STATES AXD TERRITORIES Date

State

ARKANSAS

Luncheon

No.

Commander

9/21/40

No.

Reception

of the

Arkansas Amer200 ican Legion

HAWAII

8/ 7/40

Governor

200

NEW HAMPSHIRE NEW JERSEY

9/14/40

Governor

175

7/30/40

Governor

125

NORTH DAKOTA

6/20/40

Judge Birdzell, Representing the Governor 140

PUERTO RICO

7/25/40

Dr. Rupert Emerson,

Director of

Division of Territoriesandlsland

250

Possessions

RHODE ISLAND

8/26/40

Governor

112

TENNESSEE

9/18/40

Governor

225

VIRGINIA

8/ 3/40

Governor

200

10/21/40

Managers

ALL STATES AND TERRITORIES REP-

RESENTED THE FAIR

AT of

the

States' Exhibits.

Totals

[272]

1,627

Dinner

OFFICIAL CALLS 6/ 5/40 6/ 8/40 6/13/40

6/14/40 6/16/40 6/20/40 6 23/40

6/24/40 6/27/40

The Danish Minister The Romanian Minister The British Ambassador The Governor of Delaware The Irish Minister

22 20 30

Judge Birdzell representing the Governor of North Dakota

The Finnish Minister The Austrahan Minister The Honorable Anthony

Dimond, representing the Governor 20

of Alaska

6/29/40 7/ 1/40 7/13/40 7/14/40 7/27/40 7/28/40 7/30/40 8/ 1/40 8/ 3/40 8/ 7/40 8/16/40 8/18/40 8/26/40 8/31/40

9/7/40 9/ 7/40 9/14/40

9/16/40 9/18/40 9/26/40 10/ 5/40 10/ 6/40

The Japanese Ambassador James A. McKinnon, Canadian Minister merce Admiral Ellis Naval Academy The French Ambassador The Governor of Massachusetts The Czechoslovak Minister The Governor of New Jersey

â&#x20AC;&#x201D;

51 of Trade

and Com16

Day

celebration

14 20 25 26 30 22 37 47 34

Minister of Switzerland

The The The The The

Governor of Virginia Governor of Hawaii Dominican Minister representatives of the Press

Governor of Rhode Island

Prince Felix of

The The The The The The The The

Luxemburg

Governor of Florida Consul General and Commissioner General of Brazil Governor of New Hampshire Mexican Ambassador Governor of Tennessee British Ambassador (New Zealand Day) Polish

52 .

24 32 30

Ambassador

Ministers of Latvia and Lithuania and the Charge d'Affaires

of Estonia (Baltic States

Day)

10/11/40

Latin American Chiefs of Staff

10/25/40

Latin American Chiefs of

Stall'

1101

S IT

MMAKY Calls

Diplomatic Representatives of foreign countries

Governors of Lniled Stales and Territories

Latin American Chiefs of Staff

Miscellaneous

Total Culls

[

273

]

MISCEIXANEOrs EI^TERTAINMEXT Guest or

Date

Occasion 1 IfiHii^QtiriTi J-/trUlC<«ll*Jll

Alr^ r* 1

o^ht

Q TYi f^c

rs r\r*CAA.' Al i"

Tflmp<

R nn<ipvplt

\ THAnr'an

IIUL. V^UIl^l JT 1

r T

1 ^

No.

-10

10,4.0

5/11/40

JAcll CMlIIlcIllo

^r'lfin —

Coo

T 21

4.0

V^Ullcc

F OUllldllio

troo

X Itrll colllllcll lo

XlUllllldl

Coo

7/13/40 7/18/40 rriifirH

Coo

8/ 4/40

Buffet

J_IilllO

oou 97

.^7

9/ 5/40

9/11/40 9/25/40 9/25/40

Refreshments

General Spiller Admiral Woodward

10/ 4/40 10/19/40

Refreshments

Admiral Woodward

10/19/40

Dancing

Mrs. James Roosevelt

10/25/40

Tea

General H. A.

Drum Drum

72 47

8/18/40

9/ 6/40

Colonel Denton

General H. A.

Dinner

6/11 /40

^ ("na^t

No.

Reception

1r 1rtinlrlin ctliJVliil

f\T Ut

Old I Utr \1 r*c

Luncheon

Dinner

Dancing

after Din-

ner

100

Dinner ner

Totals

[274]

after Din-

150 12

1,062

EXHIBIT

LAND OF LIBERTY Historical

Drama

of the United States

Shown Under the Auspices

THE UNITED STATES NEW YORK WORLD'S FAIR COMMISSION Edward

Flynn

United States Commissioner General