Thesis Design Report MA/ad

Thesis Design Report ‘Absence’

by Cagri Sanliturk

University of Sheffield School of Architecture Masters (MA) Architectural Design ARC 6988 Thesis Design Project

Cagri Sanliturk, U. card n: 001560830

Contents

Section One: INTRO Project Context Research Question Precedents

Section Two: SITE SheďŹƒeld & Tinsley Canal Urban Framework Site Anlaysis Site Opportunites

Section Three: PROPOSAL Brief and Program Scenario Spatial Design Detailed Drawings Conclusion

1

Section One:

INTRO

Project Context Research Question Precedents

2

INTRO What I Want to Explore It is undeniable that there are lots of spaces just standing outside of commercial appreciation and occupation, they are somehow stuck in-between of our everyday life (commercial, residential and institutional zones). These spaces are always known as shameful areas for people and even for architects and urban planners trying to avoid their existence. These spaces are called as ‘ left over’ spaces, ‘urban voids’, ‘nothingness’, ‘terrain vagues’, ‘marginal spaces’ (Cupper and Miessen:2002, Doron:2000, De Sola Morales: 1995).

Creation of the these left overs based on modernization, planning system and ordering, zoning and eliminating them from urban landscape, these are included abounded train yards, closed industrial sites, empty lots and spaces in-between of two building and under the bridges. From my point of view left over spaces are like a blank canvas, waiting for drawing new scenarios on it . These places exist full of un-written history, unseen possibilities of escape from controlled space of the existing city. These are marginal spaces with uncontrolled, indeterminacy and openness in other word they lack programming.

The contents that I propose to generate of my design portfolio will compose in three stages. It will begin with researches and understanding different kind of terminologies which are using for defined these places and continues with looking at precedent to see possible design responses which are applied on those spaces. Next step will be found out ‘forgotten’ site in Sheffield according to the terminologies from precedents. All of the site survey will be discussed and personal view will be addressed at that chapter. Fınally I will try to propose design strategy according to the social life for that ‘marginal’ canal to make it visible and more appreciable by users.

3

From Precedent ‘ Left over spaces’, ‘Urban voids’, ‘Nothingness’, ‘Terrain Vagues’, ‘Marginal Spaces’ , ‘Dead Zones’ (Cupper and Miessen:2002, Doron:2000, De Sola Morales: 1995) are all the terminologies that writers, urban planner and architects called as a space has no obtained clear activities and identity. There are no rules charged by physical environment, these spaces transformed as a new, imaginary sense and carried by group of users or individuals. The sense ,they obtain are always not a static is always changing. The places are erratic.

Different kind of definitions and viewpoints came out during research process. Generally they are all talking about the nothingness and lack of functionality of those spaces. Are they ‘absence’ or nothingness in real world? Yes they are.

However, I personally believe that, in some way these places are creating another world instead of chaotic city life.

Cuppers and Miessen‘s describe these places as a space that provide a site for activities and behavior for which no other spaces can be provided in urban landscape. These places provide possibilities of an escape from the controlled space of the existing city. Much more details related with researches, will be illustrated with diagrams on page 5, and 6.

What about the respond to those ‘absence’ spaces?

In a general manner the design solution for these spaces seems to be temporary. Frank’s Cafe , The Cineroleum, Folly fly over by Assemble and Passage 56 Eco interstice are taken as a precedent for investigate the strategy and the way to approach to the specific Left over spaces. In common all of those projects are managed by architecture students, designers, artists and local communities. In all of them, idea was; culturally, ecologically and politically engaging people to those spaces. Another word, breaking the idea of the nothingness and show that there is a possible solution instead of keeping those spaces as an abounded space is the general ideology of those practical responses. (Detailed information for architectural practice are available on page 7 and 8.)

4

Danger Keep ou t Do Not Enter

Danger Permit Reqired Confiend Space Do Not Enter

Occured because of the changing of the planning system and moderinazation

?

Shortly plaes look empty and which there is no activities coexist

They can called uglymess and dirt in these areas

Defination of these terminologies

Terminology Waste land Derelict Areas No Men’s Land Dead Zones Urban Voids Terrain Vaugue

Nothingness Urban Interticcies

Forgotten Space

Refers to places which are neither slums nor open spaces in the city not natural one Those places which has never been rised As places once used but now abonded Domain of unfilled promise and unlimeted oportunities Possibilities of an escape from the controled space of the the existing city

World exist full of unwritten history, overlook communities, unseen possibilities, a world with different order. (Doron) Left over territories provide ‘ a site for activities and behaviour for which no other spaces is provided in urban landsccape. (Cuppers and Miessen)

5

What kind of spaces are they Closed mining yard or industrieal sites Abonded barracks Train yards Abounded neighborhood Empty lost spaces at the edge of higways and under bridges Dissused harbour

According to the (National Land use Database) Total 36.000 hectars are vacant area 5.000 hectars ara derelict buildings

25.000 hectars and more currently in informal temporary use for purpose such as agriculture or storage.

Transgressing Action to that spaces Architect and planners are only producing images and imagery of the building and built environment.

These peoples truly producethe space, transgressing the space and with it also show the allusivnes of architectryre and planning

Exp: Like the function of the streets.

For the pallaner they are channel that people transport form work place and home. But with that action they try to make ‘street into place’

How these spaces are occured Main reason is the moderinazation

The creation of the spaces is intrinsic to the post modern planning system These spaces are still ‘free spaces’

Old Indu

a

al a stri re

thin the cit Wi

y

4

Und

Exisitng infrastructure

he er t Bri

dge

Left over spaces in the Cities

Abondened carpark building

Inbetween of two building

6

Case Studies Frank’s Cafe by Practice Architecture Passage 56 Eco Interstice The Cineroleum by Assamble Folly fly Over by Assamble

Passage 56 Eco Interstice / France-Paris

Case studies and evaluation of the problem sollution

Frank’s Cafe by Practice Architecture/ London

Inbetween of two building

Carpark Roof top Cafe Relational Practice The combination of the different practice and collaborative work with the community Main aim is to engage the community to the built environment.

Aim is to create a community garden for the residence and create gathering space for the people Culturally- Socially- Ecologically and politically engaging space Active public space, not separating people bringing them together That one is the different type of left over spaces. In-between of two building.

Still in use.

Main issue is to using waste materials to create that space.

Artist and Architecture student Practice architecture member

Community Pop-up/ temporary design. Just only available on summer period.

From now just welcomed overall 500.000 visitors the the project since its inception in 2007 Still in use.

Eco community garden. Recycle materialls.

Main disadvantage is that only available on summer period. Rest of the season the space is again abounded, waste. Is it sustainable or feasible design ?

7

Architectural practice is still in use. Personally, i found that, eco community garden function was successful decision for the residents who are local. However in somehow public space turn to be private spaces.

The Cineroleum by Assamble/ London

Folly fly Over by Assamble

Under the Bridges

Existing infrastructure

6.000 Derelict Petrol station in UK

16 Young architects and artists collabrative work

Unforgotton space and unforgotton funciton. The idea was to bring the idea of old american cinema with white screen paper tickets and chairs.

They try do make a benefit for community.

During the day

During a play

Donated and wasted materials and relational practice

Using of under the bridge.

Creating Open air cinema and caffe.

Using waste timber to give the idea of red brick Creating Public Space.

Giving life to the river side aswell.

There is same problem with the Frank’s Cafe only available on summer. On the other hand, very successful design and idea of engaging people and using waste, donated materials.

Very well designed in the case of attract people from the motorway. Project was removed 6 month later for another function and use. The problem is again place is turn to abounded. Example of temporary solution.

8

Precedents Frank’s Cafe by Assemble

Precedents Passage 56 / Eco Interstice

Precedents The Cineroleum by Assamble

Precedents Folly Flyover by Assamble

Section Two:

SITE

Sheffield & Tinsley Canal Urban Framework Site Anlaysis Site Opportunites

Sheffield & Tinsley Canal

First of all, I began to explore and understand left over, derelict spaces and how these spaces affect their use and production around Sheffield City Centre. Personally I prefer to use ‘Investigations’ and ‘walking’ as methodologies to let me to view and understand places from getting closer to the actual reality. Mapping spaces, photography and sketching was the method that I understand the space during the long journey for searching ‘nothingness space ‘in the city. For the last stop I visited Sheffield & Tinsley Canal. I was fascinated when I was there. Canal is separated into two part which is Victoria Quay and after the Victoria quay the place is turn into place for no one. After that investigation I decided to work on to that canal.

History of the canal went back in 1816. Canal was affected during the Second World War. A small amount of trade remained until 1970s after which the canal fell into disuse. Also that is the main reason why I choose the site. At the beginning, canal has really active with coal, food and trade. However, after the Second World War it has become disuse.

On the other hand around 1992‒1994 a restoration and redevelopment has begun only in the North Quay (Victoria Quay). so What was happening all along the canal?

The canal side was just left to the nature. No regeneration activities held in all along the canal. But it is really interesting to say that the place has totally different kind of atmosphere rather that then the city, with water, birds, dogs, rubbish and of course nature. Space becomes a marginal space that without any rules and permanent activities coexist. Visitors are designing their own spaces with their own supplies, just bringing their foldable chairs and fishing equipment to start to fishing. Man walking and jogging with his dog. Mother and child just walking and get rid of the other taught. But still that canal is not visible by people, visitors. Canal is just left over in to a corner. The condition is not suitable for the users. In this section, urban framework, site analysis and the opportunities will be addressed.

9

Sh e

Section Two:

SITE

Brigh

Sheffield & Tinsley Canal Urban Framework

Burngreave

Centre City d l e ffi

River D on

Atlas Work

Garage

Attercl

Albian Works

Gass Works

Burton Weir Works

Gass Holder

Ware house Ware house Bakery

Royd Works

Spelia Works

Depot Clarence Works Depot

Navigation house

Works

Nolfork Bridge Work

Works

Powder Coating Company

Works

Salmon Pastures Depot Refuse Destructor

Bedford Steels

Baltic Works Trafalgar Works Works Works

Sheffild Technology Park

Steel Stock Yard Works

Park Hill

Works

Depot Depot

Depot Athletic Centre

Tram Depot

Tinsley

htside Warehouse

Carbrook

River Don Works

Meadowhall Retail Park

liffe

Imperial Steel Work

Ware Houses

Puck Stop

Don Valley Bowl

English Instiute of Sport

Motorpoint Arena Sheffield

Don Valley International Stadium

Stainles steel Fabrication

S

e h effi

ld

World Snooker Acedemy

WareHouse

Sheffield Airport Business park

Veolia Environmental Service

Greenland

Ameteur Boxing Acedemy Association of England WareHouse

Virgin Media

ISUZI Garage

ey Canal insl T &

Home product

Section Two:

SITE

Pipe Centre and Factory

showed figure and ground plan around Sheffield & Tinsley Canal and River Don. In additioanal general landuse shown. As it clearly undersand that the stite has various type of useage but in general all along the canal is situated inbetween the industrial unit, garages, depots and ware houses. It takes around 6 km or around 1 hours 15 minustes From North Quay to meeting point of Sheffield &Tinsley Canal and River Don.

Anchor Magnet Decorative Paving

Offices

Bus Station

Garage

Ice Skating Sport Act.

Police Dep.

Hotel

Residential

Club

Church

Meadowhall

Bowling

Cinema

Bridge

Cafe

Business Castle Market Train St.

Shops,Retail

Gift Shop North Quay

Industrial Units

Car Park Wind Turbine

Location

ATTERCLIFFE

Section Two:

SITE

Sheffield & Tinsley Canal

Sheffield & Tinsley Canal Urban Framework Site Anlaysis Site Opportunites

Here is the general overview of the Sheffield & Tinsley Canal in a three dimensional way. From that drawing it is easy to understand the urban typology. Both site of the canal is surrounded by industrial units which are steel factories, garages, warehouses, and a few workshops. These buildings are generally constructed with red brick but some factories are steel frame structure with hip-roof type to using the sunshine in more efficient way.

In 3D map orange colour represent building which are located around the canal side; red one North Quay area and violet one represent the city centre. It is also visible that canal has just 5- 10 minutes far away to city centre area however still it is not appreciable by the users. The activities in North Quay are various; offices, cafes, hotels, car park, warehouse and port is situated at the North quay area. On the other hand there are no retail activities after just 5 minutes away from North Quay. It’s seems like another environment at all.

Changes of

User group

In additional on map the time symbols are located, each of clock distance is measured 5 minutes according to my personal walking experience alongside the canal. Also, fishing is not permitted near to the North Quay retail part, on the other hand when you cross Cadmen Street bridge the fishing is permitted. Fishing symbols icons are available on site.

Location

BURNGREAVE

Section Two:

SITE ANALYSIS Social Analysis

Another interesting future is that dramatic change of users around the same canal. First of all around Victoria Quay, users groups contain family, businessman, woman, old people, students, visitors and boat community. However when you start to walk through the canal the social statues and also the users group are totally different. In some part you cannot find any people even walking through canal side. At the top of that text you will find the diagram to show the different users and senses that you get from the canal way.

15

Location

KELHAM ISLAND

9 location

PARK HILL

Location

SHEFFIELD CITY CENTRE

Section Two:

SITE ANALYSIS Sheffield & Tinsley Canal Urban Framework Site Anlaysis Site Opportunites

Site Analysis and Opportunities Canal has changeable soil walking path way. The width of the walkway is around 80 cm up to maximum 300cm. North Quay part walkway not as much as narrow then the canal way.( app. min 300cm max 450cm ). The sketch shows the perspective from canal way. Once again, the key issue of the drawing to emphasis the natural and invisible existence within the city. The canal is surrounded by steel fences or divided with huge brick walls to keep the boundaries of the canal way.

During site survey different kinds of conclusion come out. These are based on the access and the conditions of site. First of all, there is only two ways to enter to the canal area from the main roads which are shown in 3D Map (*look at the step vector icon). This might be the reason that the site is not accessible by the users.

Another one is the site conditions. From my point of view canal site is much cleaner that I expected. For sure that it is dirty but when I walked through the site there is no bin exist along the canal. Also even there is only one sitting features to take a deep breath from such a long journey. (Sitting element is just one 15cm thin wooden bench without back part).Finally, these conditions give other opportunities to the site for different kind of user group.

17

Section Three:

Proposal Project Brief Scenairo

Project Brief According to site experiences from Sheffield & Tinsley Canal, is a highly open-minded space in the city. The canal is designated by the visitor’s behaviors. Canal obtains a kind of openness or in an academic way, lack of programming. It has the sense of absence of a clear activities/ identity or functionality. It is obvious that there are no rules imposed by commercial environment, canal become a space of expression for new, marginal, vital and temporary meaning carried by group of users or individuals. The activities that they obtain are always not a static I called it as an erratic space.

It is also undeniable that canal express temporality between a past and future use, gives the possibility to live in the moment without thinking tomorrow even two minutes after of your life. The questions are coming to my mind like; so what happens in that ‘marginal’ Canal? Who are the permanent users? Who are the visitors? Again I cannot give the exact answer; these questions can only be answered by provisional.

In conclusion, also the response to that canal should design for temporary activities. I am keen to raise the awareness of that marginal space which is isolated by the people with providing a guide to show them what they are missing. After that, according to the precedents I would like to test one of my design ideas which are to design an open platform for the canal users and visitor to give them more opportunities to do their activities.

The progression of my project from initial research to the presentation of final work can be split down into three stages Mapping On going site surveys and memories.

Design

29

Section Three:

Proposal Project Stage Diagram

Its me

Thesis Group

The canal users

Social actors and relationship All part in design process

Site Survey/ Photos , sketches, memories

Mapping of Left over spaces

Design Stage End of Course

Discussion with group Desk based research Walking in the city Action Diagram

Brief

Site analysis Spatial Relationship

30

As I mentioned before at the beginning of the proposal section,my providing opportunity guide. Also as you can see from the left image the people like who are walking, jogging, ďŹ shing or just reading According to that my ďŹ rst design response to that place increase with temporary also permanent solutions.

idea is to raise the awereness of the Canal by the site cannot provide enough space for a book under the shadow of the trees. the capacitiy of the availbale spaces

32

Initial Ideas Only one platform solution

Section Three:

Sheltered idea / Protect from sun + rain

Proposal Open Platform Unit

Project Brief

Steps for sitting element+ shelter

Steps for sitting element+ shelter 2

Aim of the Open Platform Unit is to extend the Canal pathway with mobile oating units. These units also will increase the space quality and as a result of that users and visitors can be able to do their activities without disturbing others. Units will distributed along the canal way and in a speciďŹ c occasion units will be combine all together to give opportunity to held big events or festivals. All the scenarios will be illustrated on next pages. Activities on unit will be like this;

Expand walkway

BBQ time

Sitting element

Releasing yourself in that environment

Exisitng Availabilty

33

Reading

Fishing

Social Gathering

Doing anything as you wish

Open Platform Unit (Increasing the capacity of used space)

Only steps for social gathering

Steps+structure+ shelter 3

Steps+structure+ shelter 4 Idea of the first initial open platform unit will start with the simplistic form using donated, waste materials for construction. According to the Doron’s idea the architecture of transgression transgress any of the boundaries that were imposed on the built environment, especially in the public spaces. He claim that transgression opens different space in the boundaries of the architectural and planning professions, in the boundaries of the use of materials, techniques and even function that are being used to shape spaces, in the boundaries of the fashionable form and aesthetics, in the boundaries of the social and political environment. (Doro:2000). Open platform units will give flexibility to people to design their activities without any limitation.Diagrams show the units on site and illustrate the activities on the units.

Expand walkway

Space formed by Open platform Units

Walking path area

34

Section Three:

Proposal Scenarios

35 Sheffield Tınsley Canal View

?

Project Brief Platform contains three elements; first one which is the key part of the ‘Open platform Unit’ is the base. Base component keep the unit floating on the surface of the water. Second one is the steps that allow people to create and design activities. The last component is the shelter which is give advance possibilities to people to create activities and use the platform.

As ı mentioned before units don not have any restrict permanent activities that they can provide users. Users will provide the sense and activities while they are standing or sitting on the units. These units will be placed to the range of in a 5-minute walking distance all along the Sheffield & Tinsley canal. Some of them will be mobile and some of them will have permanent location based on different scenarios.

36

Scenario 1 Scenario one is all about the normal day scenario. Units will be alocated 5 mins distance walk away between each other and will create landscape on the Sheffield & Tinsley Canal.

Different activities held by diffent users according to their wish. Scenario one plan will be shown at the right hand side of the page. In addition, users and activities will represented with sketches. Note that these are the initial models of the open platform units. More detail will be shown next pages.

Bern

Roa

d

N R DO E V RI

ard

Tra m

Gass Work

37 Sheffield & Tınsley Canal Plan

lin

e

Exit from Canal pathway

Bern

ard

Roa

d

Scenario two will be based on ďŹ ctional activities and events. There is no current events is held on SheďŹƒeld & Tinsley canal. The idea is to creating festival all along the river side on weekends to get rid of the chaos and stress coming from the everyday life and just turn to listen yourself. In additional, the main idea of this festival will be to remind people that there is somewhere exist with forgotten natural environment within the city. Some of the unit platform units will be come together to give much more opportunities for more people.

Movement of the units will be shown at the right hand side of this paper

ON ER D V I R

Scenario 2

Tra m

lin

e

Exit from Canal pathway

Gass Work

38

Lumley Street Section Three:

Proposal

DON

Effingha

m Road

Scenario 1

RIVE R

The diagram illustrates the units and example of the activities. The green ones are might be held in one platform. In scenario units will be used for just few different kinds of activities. The users will be one or group of the people the activities.

so

nS

tre

et

ham

ve

Effing

39

Le

Road

Fo

lle

yS

tre et

Some activities and usability of the units will be shown on the other side of the page.

Exit from Canal pathw

Two activities might be happened at the same time in one open platform unit.

Sometimes unit will provide escape space for users to avoid everything.

m way

Two units will be alocated in one location in scenario one to give a change group of users.

Sometimes there will be just one activities will be held in the open platform units.

40

Lumley Street Section Three:

Proposal

DON

m Effingha

Road

Scenairo 2

RIVE R

The diagram illustrates the units and example of the activities.

Scenario two is different than the one; more activities will be held at the same time. In scenario one there will be only one or two activities held in one time

so

nS

tre

et

ham

ve

Effing

41

Le

Road

Fo lle

yS

tre et

Some activities and usability of the units will be shown on the other side of the page.

Exit from Canal path

Drawings illustrate the changes of users and open platform unit density. It is easy to understand how they can connected and create another passage on the SheďŹƒeld & Tinsley canal way. They can increase the capacity of usable space one hundred percent.

In addition, open platform units turned in to totally dierent purpose. In scenario one, idea was to create an escape scape for users to let them forget their problems and stresses. On the other hand in scenario two, units allow people to gathered and share their activities.

m hway

42

Section Three:

Proposal Inital skeches Alternative Solutions

First initial sketches will be presented in that section.

Various type of open platform units were tested based on human dimensions. It was all about the using the space in proper way. Shape of open platform units were formed by the environment and activities. Moreover, strategies (scenarios) will be shown on the next page.

43 43

44

Section Three:

Proposal

Site environment Dimensions and Proportions

45

100cm

100cm

30

600 cm

50cm

600 cm

Plan for the open platform units. This unit contains base and steps. The dimensions are all inculude on the drawings.

Further constraction details will be presented on next pages.

Plan for the open platform unit 2. This unit contains base, steps and shelter components. Dimensions of the each units are all the same.

Thay are 600cmX600cm square units.

46

200cm 300cm

25 cm

25 cm

600 cm

Perspective and dimensions of the open platform units

Section o

Section Three: Three: Section

Proposal

Proposal Details Details Proposal Dimensions and and Proportions Proportions Dimensions

47

casdlkcs aslkd vlkavlkbuilding slvk ask vk casşlcşw qpovpainfaisccqp scik and xciaqıowndipoqwdip casdlkcs aslkdbottom vlkavlk Site measurements, height, planting, topography, ciq floors, boundaries are shown at the slvk askAlso vk casşlcşw qpovpainfaisccqp ciq and scik Tinsley xciaqıownd kdk vksk vksldkv dklskvkfmaş coeqş fkdv sketch. as I mentioned before Sheffield canal alskdlka is still in used by the boat communities.

Moreover there are canal tours provided by North Quay. Existing boats are taking consideration whilst designing open platform units.

of the open platform Units

Bird eye view of the units

At the bottom right side drawing shows how the open platform units will be a part of the path way to increase space availability of the pathway.

That situation will be occurred during the scenario two period when all the units will come together

48

49

Open platform units and SheďŹƒeld &Tinsley canal will be illsutrated in that drawings. Canal will be more much more functional and convinent with the help of platform units.

50

Section Three:

Proposal

Floating Systems Timber construction detail

From Precedent It is undeniable that one of the most important features of the open platform unit is the floating system which is the part of the base component. In this section, how floating system used in a part of the design and construction method will be discussed. Next step will be to examine in depth of the system and I will reflect one of the precedent (architectural practice) which is related with the floating systems.

At the beginning, boat construction was explored and takes consideration whilst designing base part of the unit. Detail of the boat construction and construction technique drawings will be displayed at the next page. Some of those techniques will be applied on the units to give references to the history of the Sheffield & Tinsley canal.

Makoko Floating School was a taken as a main precedent of my project. Project is still under construction in the water community of Makoko in Nigeria. See level rising and flooding is the main problem of the area of the Makoko. Life is based on the water and people built their homes on the water and earn their lives with fishing and trading. There is only one primary school exists in that city and Makoko will be the second one with the combination of new and traditional floating construction techniques. One of the main issues is using locally sourced wood which they have already existed surrounding. The idea is to using local material also will be taken a part of my project tool. According to the site analysis part the materials will be supply from the surrounding factories and garages to build open platform units. Moreover, they used solar panels to generate electricity. Much more details and drawings will be shown with the pictures on next page.

51

General overview of the water community of Makoko in Lagos, Nigeria. New primary school is at the left bottom part. Urban context will still continuing. Design still looks like part of the community.

Another perspective from Primary school. Access will only provide from water.

The Makoko Primary shchool is the three-story architectural structure, designed as a triangular prism, is intended to oat on water with a base made of 256 plastic drums.

Collaborative work with the local workers was shown at the ďŹ rst picture. Social life will be perfectly describe with the right side picture at the Makoko water community.

The idea of the architect was to combine modern and the traditional cultural structure at the same time to create better solution for primary school Local traditional house structure is based on the piers column and it is not prevent from flooding. So the idea was to use the roof structure and mix it with the modern floating system solution to prevent building from flooding.

Waste and local materials were used in the construction of the Makoko primary school.

Section Three:

Proposal

Floating Systems Timber construction detail

In this section i would like to talk about boat construction techniques and structures. As i mentioned before base unit of the open platform unit has to be float on the surface of the water. The base part of platform unit has to be same function with the hull construction which is applied on boat. Different kind of hull construction will be explained in that section. The first method is the stich and the glue technique. Stitch and glue is only possible with the invention of plywood, fiberglass and epoxy. To begin with, patterns are drawn out on plywood and the panels are cut out.

Holes are drilled into the edges of the panes and copper wire threaded through the holes and twisted together forming a ‘stitch’ to hold the hull together. A fillet of epoxy is applied to the inside of the hull to bond the edges of the fiber glass together.

On the other hand clinker planking hull construction involves the planking of the hull with adjacent plank slightly overlapping one another. All the drawings and explanation will be visible at the bottom of the page. Moreover the processes and boat building work action will be displayed at the top of the pages.

Detail of the joint. Square copper nail over the cone shaped copper washer.

Elevation of the planks. Overlaping

Final part epoxy putty between planks

The main idea of clinker planking. Timber places overlapping with each other.

The process of the constraction.

Begining piece by piece

Detail of the constraction. Layer by layer

Detail of assemblage wire cable.

General view after the stitch and glue

52

Section Three:

Proposal

These four alternative units will design based on structural strength, activities, aesthetic and environmental factors. There is no restrict rules to build exactly the same units. Street artists, local people, kids may try to build their group unit as they wish during the workshop (scenario 2). On the other hand, base must be compulsory for any type of the units. This is ‘Unit One’. Strength of that unit is to give opportunity to people wide open spaces to conduct their activities. It is compose with the steps and base part. More information will be described in more detail at next pages.

Open platform unit alternatives Detail and spatial design

55 53

Unit Four is the final product that i was come out. Unit 4 is obtains all the possitive aspects of the all 4 other design alternative. Last changes in the design is the back coloumn. At Unit 3 it was perpendicular to the ground on the other hand at Unit 4 it was angular. The main aim is to give angle is provide a comfortable sitting position when people sit on the both floor and the sitting part of the Unit. The idea was illustrate on the drawings.

Unit 2 is the composition of the idea of the using steps and allows people sheltered. The structure is simple and rigid. Balance of the weight is distributed at the all of the part of the open platform unit. At the roof was not covered by the any material it will create semi-open space which is provide shadow during the day. Another positive aspect of that unit is the creating another sitting element in-between the structure.

Unit 3 is the more advance and aesthetical one. The roof is divide into two parts one is semi opened another one is closed with the waste or used iron sheets. More over with the creating angular column it provides more visual connection with the environment. In addition create more additional semi open space.

54

Unit One is the heart part of my design project. All of my researches are about the marginal spaces and use of these spaces.

Marginal spaces are used some group of people or individuals but the condition of those spaces will not provide users to be there. So the idea of the ‘Unit One’ is to create available space for users in a simple way all along the Sheffield &: Tinsley Canal.

All of the units are designed to carry 15 people at the one time. 24 plastic drums are located at the base part of the proposal. There is100cm walking path on three side of the square. Unit one has 34.81 m2 area. (5.9mx 5.9m) Wire framed plan, section and 3D perspective will be shown on the black square row.

Moreover, materials of the units will be provided from the surrounding factories waste materials. Drums are also might be provided form gas holder factory which is closed to Sheffield & Tinsley canal.

Section Three:

oonnss oo mppoossiittii CCoom

Proposal UNIT ONE

Cycle Activities

‘Unite one ’ components are coming together

55

Wire framed plan drawing of the ‘Unit One’

At the top drawings shows how the component combine all together to create open platform ‘Unit One’. In addition the cycle activities were shown to emphasis that any kind of activities will be held in that unit. As it is clearly that the steps part are the additional component of the unit. In scenario 2 these steps will be used or not used according to the festival needs.

of the com pon ent s

Wire framed section of the ‘ Unit One’

Wire framed 3 Dimensional Perspective of ‘Unite 1’

Un it O N

E Drawing illustrates the complete ‘Unit One’ structure

Reiser:25 cm ,Tread: 40 cm 24 plastic drums

56

Unit 2 is the composition of the idea of the using steps and sheltered people. Its contains three parts; 1- Base (Unit One without steps) 2- Steps 3-Shelter The structure is simple and rigid. The columns are arranged to the centre of the units to balance of the weight of both forces. At the roof was not covered by the any materials but again there is no restricting rules to be open.

Veranda part will create semi-open space on that unit and provide shadow during the day also giving the sense of enclosure to the users. Another positive aspect of that unit is the creating another sitting element in-between the structure. ‘Unit Two’ is the most structurally stable rather than the other units. Also it is easier to build this unit in the workshop time. (Scenario 2) Wire framed plan, section, and perspective is showed at this horizontal row.

Wire framed plan drawing of the ‘Unit two’

Section Three:

Proposal

ositions o Comp

UNIT TWO

Rigid structural elements

‘Unite two ’ components are coming together

57

At the top drawings shows how the component combine all together to create open platform ‘Unit Two’. Another possitive advantege of that unit is to provide another open platform inbetween of two colomuns. That place can be used as a stiitng element, table for having lunch or dinner. On the other hand it can be used as a playground or shop table during the scenaro 2.

Wire framed section drawing of the ‘Unit two’

of the com pon ent s

Wire framed 3Dimensional perspective of the ‘Unit two’

Un it T w o

58

Unit 3 is the more advance and aesthetical one. The roof was not perpendicular to the coloumns anymore. The angular roof will be povide wider visual connection to the Sheffield & Tinsley canal. In addition roof is divide into two parts one is semi opened another one is closed by the waste or used iron sheets.

Cycle Activities

Wire framed section drawing of the ‘Unit Three’

Section Three:

Proposal

Angular roof

osi Comp

UNIT THREE Additional Sitting element

Steps Steps

‘Unite three ’ components are coming together

59

At the top drawings shows how the component combine all together to create open platform ‘Unit Three’. Possitive advantege of that unit is to provide more shelted space because of the angular colomn design.

Moreover roof will prptect from the sun and raining.

Angular colomn

Wire framed front view perspective drawing of the ‘Unit Three’

itions of the comp one nts

Wire framed 3 dimensional perspective drawing of the ‘Unit Three’

Un it T hr e

e

60

Unit Four is the final design alternatives of the open platform units. Unit 4 is obtains all the positive aspects of all the 4 other design proposals. Last changes in the design are the back column. At Unit 3 it was perpendicular to the ground on the other hand at Unit 4 it was angular. The main aim is to give angle is provide a comfortable sitting position when people sit on the both floor and the sitting part of the Unit.

Wire framed section and perspectives will be displayed in this row.

Cycle Activities

Wire framed section drawing of the ‘Unit Four’

Roof

Section Three:

Proposal

ositions of t Comp

UNIT FOUR

Both angular Column

Sitting element

Steps Steps

61

Another sitting element on the floor

Other perspectives of Unit Four

the com pon ent s

Wire framed front perspective drawing of the ‘Unit Four’

Wire framed perspective drawing of the ‘Unit Four’

Un it F ou

r

62

UNIT 1

UNIT 3

63

UNIT 2

Using the waste materials are the essential of the Units. Sheffield & Tinsley Canal surrounding factories and garages are provide that opportunities. Using different kind of same materials will be creating hierarchy on the design of the units.

UNIT 4

Pictures are show how units will be look after using different kind of waste materials. In addition idea of the using waste materials will not contrast with the natural environment of the Canal.

64

65

68

70

Scenario 2 Perspective / Units and SheďŹƒld &Tinsley Canal

69

Section Three:

Conclusion

When I started working on the design thesis project I always questioning that what kind of design strategies should be taking consideration while regeneration left over spaces? Is there any solution to regenerate spaces without destroying the surroundings? Or is it possible to bring people to that spaces without attracting them by shopping, eating fancy restaurants or cafes? Sometimes we need to space for escaping from everything. These marginal spaces can offer unseen possibilities to the users.

Marginal spaces are not totally forgotten. They are just abandoned because of the bad condition of the surrounding.

The main idea of the open platform project is about rising the awareness of the those abounded spaces with designing activities and small intervention rather than destroying all of the context like usual regeneration project.

I would like finalize of my design report with one of my favorite quotation from Cupper and Miessen. ‘’The margins are ugly and beautiful. They laugh and they cry. They are full of energy and still remain calm. They are without sound while they speak. They stabilize, and still, exist through instability. They catch our dreams, and still, they are sleeping themselves. They give birth and they kill at the same time. The margins are We... Cupper and Miessen:2000)

72 69

References AJ. (2010). Forgotten Spaces: Proposals P-R . Available: http://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/home/riba-forgotten-spaces/forgotten-spaces-proposals-p-r/5217472.article. Last accessed 12ndJune 2013.

Cabe Space, (2004) Manifesto for Better public Spaces http://www.cabe .org.uk Cupper, K & Miessen, M (2002). Spaces of Uncertainty. London : Müller and Bussman . 1-191 Daily mail reporter. (2013). Escaping the slums. Available: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2290298/Escaping-slums-Nigeria-build-fleet-floating-schools-hold-100-children-playgrounds.html. Last accessed 1st of Aug.2013.

DIY wood boat. (). Stitch and glue technique. Available: http://www.diy-wood-boat.com/Stitch_and_Glue.html. Last accessed 9th of June 2013.

Doron, G. (2000) The Dead Zone and the Architecture of Transgression. City. 4, (2) pp. 247-263 Doron, G. (2008) Those marvellous empty zones at the edge of cities, in Dehaene, M. and De Cauter,L. Heterotopia and the City: public space in a post civil society, Abingdon: Routledge pp203-213 Hudson, J & Shaw, P, ‘The Qualities of Informal Space: (Re)appropriation within the informal, interstitial spaces of the city.’, paper presented at the conference: University of Brighton, 2nd to 4th July 2009 .

Hudson, J & Shaw, P, ‘ Contested uses within the ‘left ‒over’ spaces of the city’ Ph.D. Thesis Abstract, Manchester Metropolitan University and University of Salford, 2009.

Minton, A (2009). Ground Control. 2nd ed. England: Penguin Books. 1-200.

Tonnelat, S. (2008). Ethnography. 'Out of frame' The invisible life of urban interstices- a case study in Charenton-le-Pont, Paris, France. 1 (2), 292-315.

73