California Asphalt Magazine - Equipment Issue 2024
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Publisher’s Letter
Milling about in the asphalt industry
I’m pleased to introduce this special equipment-themed issue of CalAPA’s association magazine, California Asphalt. One of the topics we are spotlighting is a subject that has become a key aspect of the industry: milling.
For my company, Pavement Recycling Systems, milling is a critical component to what we do. As a CalAPA board member and Legislative Committee chairman, I have met with countless elected officials and other stakeholders at the Capitol and on jobsites to help them understand this part of our industry. Often times I will point to an existing roadway and remind them that they have already purchased and are storing the raw materials for a new road disguised as an existing roadway. As the pavement structure nears the end of its useful life, it can be ground up and recycled into a new roadway with a steep reduction in cost and logistical impacts from hauling virgin material from a plant. This is particularly important in this era of sustainability and environmental sensitivity, and with permitted aggregate sources in our state on the decline.
Over the years milling equipment and techniques have evolved into a sophisticated part of the paving operation. In the 1960s and 1970s milling operations often took the form of a rotor head bolted on to a motor-grader. The most common use then, instead of tearing out the whole road, was to mill out the roadway surface near the gutters in preparation for an overlay that could match the existing road profile.
As time progressed we saw the introduction of machines with more refined hydraulic and grade controls to achieve even greater precision. The advent of new Caltrans pavement smoothness specifications, which incentivize a smooth pavement surface, further elevated the importance of milling, either prior to paving, or occasionally as a finishing step. Keep in mind, pulverizing a pavement surface is also a form of milling. It can be a much more expeditious way of complete removal of a pavement surface over contending with large chunks of pavement. In other words, milling has moved well beyond the traditional “mill and fill.”
The increasing use of cold in-place recycling – where an old roadway surface is ground up and mixed with rejuvenators and then placed back on the roadway in one continuous operation – has become a popular option for some projects. Those seeing these operations for the first time can easily visualize what sustainability looks like in a single operation.
Caltrans has recognized this trend by establishing a new recycling office within the Division of Pavements, and our industry continues to collaborate with state and local agencies to help them understand when these types of technologies and techniques can be beneficial.
In my career I have been fortunate to watch the arc of this aspect of road-building and maintenance go from “what’s milling?” to now something that is a part of almost every paving job. As we say on the cover of this magazine, it’s “not the same old grind.”
Steve Ward Pavement Recycling Systems
Astec/Carlson
illustration by Aldo Myftari. Photo courtesy of Wirtgen/ Nixon-Egli Equipment Co.
HEADQUARTERS: P.O. Box 981300 • West Sacramento • CA 95798 (Mailing Address) 1550 Harbor Blvd., Suite 120 • West Sacramento • CA 95691 • (916) 791-5044
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: Russell W. Snyder, CAE, rsnyder@calapa.net
TECHNICAL DIRECTOR: Brandon M. Milar, P.E., bmilar@calapa.net
MEMBER SERVICES MANAGER: Sophie You, syou@calapa.net
MEMBER SERVICE COORDINATOR: Jackie Henry, jhenry@calapa.net
GUEST PUBLISHER: Steve Ward, Pavement Recycling Systems
PUBLISHED BY: Construction Marketing Services, LLC • (909) 772-3121 P.O. Box 892977 • Temecula • CA 92589
GRAPHIC DESIGN: Aldo Myftari
CONTRIBUTING WRITERS: Brian Hoover, CMS and Russell W. Snyder, CAE, CalAPA
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BACK TO BASICS Milling for Quality
Special to California Asphalt magazine
Originally published in the Fall/Winter 2024 issue of “Virginia Asphalt,” an official publication of the Virgina Asphalt Association. Reprinted with permission.
Milling can be the unsung hero or the root of all evil. What makes the difference? Quality. Milling can fill many roles for an existing pavement ready to be overlaid. It can remove distresses such as cracking, rutting, and bleeding. It can also establish or re-establish a pavement’s transverse and longitudinal profile to improve drainage and ride quality. Milling can be the blank canvas for a paving crew to paint an asphalt masterpiece. Or milling can mar a surface and lead to compaction, smoothness, and bonding issues. The choice is yours!
Basics of a Milling Machine
Today’s milling machines come in all shapes and sizes. Some machines are designed for narrow uses like pavement patching and widening; others are designed to remove an entire travel lane in one pass. For the sake of this article, the focus will be on machines used to make one or two passes to remove an existing asphalt layer or layers.
The cutting drum removes asphalt in depths ranging from ¼" to as much as 14". The depth is a function of the project requirements; not all drums can perform at all depths. Many milling machines will use a standard or
fine-cut drum. The primary difference is in the number of teeth and the wrap spacing (See Figure 1). While a standard drum can be used at minimal depths (i.e., less than 2"), a fine drum cannot mill 14" deep due to the design. Therefore, it is important to match the drum to the project. Many carbide-tipped teeth are mounted on the cutting drum. Standard drums have substantially less teeth than fine drums. These teeth cut the asphalt, and as the drum turns, move the cut tings or milling to the machine’s center for removal via a conveyor depth. Milled surfaces, as seen in Figure 2, are an indicator that one or more
Photo credit: Pavement Recycling Systems, Inc.
teeth may be missing or need replacing. This uneven surface impacts the final quality of the asphalt surface.
Along with the cutting head, various forms of grade control are available on today’s milling machine. When a milling machine is used for demolition, the side plates ride along the adjacent surface and will reflect the ups and downs on that surface. While acceptable for demolition, using only side plates will copy the existing pavement profile—not improve it. When a project calls for a strict depth for milling, dips and bumps in the old surface will be there with the new surface. Fortunately, much of
the grade and profile technology available on pavers is available on milling machines. This can result in a much more uniform paving surface.
Slow Down Tiger
Ever heard the phrase—speed kills? While driving a car too fast can be dangerous, so can running a milling machine too fast. Milling fast may get the job done quicker, but it leads to quality issues for the paving crew, impacts the size of the millings, and increases equipment costs.
As the cutting drum rotates, the teeth remove asphalt. Observing the pattern of the milled surface
is a good indicator of the milling speed. Figure 3 shows the differences in surface texture by the same cutting drum operated at two different speeds. The larger chevron pattern indicates a forward speed exceeding 150 feet per minute. This texture produces larger milling particles that must be processed at the asphalt plant and less surface area for bonding the new asphalt overlay. It may also lead to asphalt tonnage quantities being off and excessive wear and tear on the equipment. Instead of racing to finish the shift, slow the process to 90 feet per minute and allow the cutting head to do its job.
Figure 2
Figure 1 Photo
Conclusion
First and foremost, milling machines must be maintained. The cutting or milling teeth should be inspected daily. Because of the temperatures generated from the friction between the tooth and the asphalt surface, inspection and maintenance should occur at the beginning of the shift. Once an abnormal pattern is observed, milling should be halted, and corrective action should be taken.
Unlike Ricky Bobby in “Talladega Nights,” who only wanted to go fast, slowing the milling machine while maintaining the cutting drum speed produces higher quality. A slower speed allows the machine to adjust to the longitudinal and transverse profile of the road. A slower speed allows for many more cuts on the existing surface to provide a more uniform texture. A slower speed provides a uniform milling material for use at the asphalt plant.
Finally, make sure the milling crew knows the specifics of the project. A project calling for deep milling and multiple lift paving will differ greatly from a thin AC wearing course. While the machine may be the same, the crew’s approach to the project should be very different. Understanding and communicating the project’s requirements allows the crew to approach the task appropriately. CA
Editor’s Note: This article was based on a video provided by Tom Chastain, Milling Product Manager for Wirtgen America.
Q&A with Miguel Galarza
Yerba Buena Engineering & Construction / CSLB Vice Chair
By Russell W. Snyder
Editor’s Note: Miguel Galarza is one of the most prominent leaders in the construction industry in California. He currently serves as vice chairman of the Contractors State License Board. He is in line to take over the chairman’s gavel next year. He is president of San Franciscobased Yerba Buena Engineering & Construction, a heavy civil engineering construction company he founded in 2002. Prior to that, he was a senior program manager at Mendelian Construction from 1993 to 2002 and project manager estimator at Hopkins Heating and Cooling from 1991 to 1993. Galarza also has a decade of experience as a union carpenter at Carpenters Local Union No. 22. He holds a Master of Construction Management degree from LSU and currently is a lecturer at UC Berkeley and a facility member in the Construction Management program at City College of San Francisco. A Millbrae resident, he was appointed by Gov. Gavin Newsom in July of 2020 to serve on the CSLB board. CalAPA was one of several organizations that supported his appointment. During his time on the CSLB he has led several policy committees, including the panel that oversees licenses and also the government affairs committee. He is a member of the Associated General Contractors of America National Diversity & Inclusion Council and district director for the San Francisco Chapter of Associated General Contractors of California, and also a member of United Contractors, as well as the Society of American Military Engineers. Galarza joined CSLB as a “B” Contractor Member.
Miguel Galarza, president, Yerba Buena Engineering & Construction & CSLB Vice Chair.
In 2023, he was re-appointed by the governor to another four-year term on the CSLB. Having been mentored early in his career, Galarza is a passionate advocate of workforce development and mentoring for the construction industry. He was one of the first mentors in the Caltransindustry Mentor-Protégé Program for Construction that was launched in 2007 in Caltrans District 4, which covers the San Francisco Bay Area. The program recently expanded to a statewide program. The goals of the mentor-protégé program are in alignment with CalAPA’s recently launched charitable arm, the California Asphalt Research & Education (CARE) Foundation. He sat down with California Asphalt magazine to share his views on his construction industry journey, the state of the industry today, and what lessons he has learned along the way.
California Asphalt Magazine:
Thanks for making the time to share with us your perspective on the construction industry and public works, with an emphasis on workforce issues that are important to every one of our members. We know that is a passion of yours. Can we start with how you began your construction career? It’s quite an inspirational story.
Miguel Galarza: Sure. I got into the construction industry because, basically, I’m one of six kids. I was the second of six at that time, and there simply wasn’t enough allowance money to go around so I was out there at an early age hustling for money, delivering newspapers, selling Christmas cards, things like that. Whatever it took to make a buck. Around that time my dad says, “Hey, there’s a contractor down the street. I’m going to go talk to him and see if he can put you to work.” So, at the age of 14, I was digging holes and building fences and mixing concrete — doing what I needed to do in my San Francisco neighborhood, the Mission District, to earn a dollar an hour.
CAM: So, you showed up on time, ready to work and ready to learn, and you could see that there was opportunities for someone like that in construction. We tell young people that all the time.
MG: That’s right. So I meandered through a couple of people, working as a handyman, working for an Ironworker firm, welding and cutting steel, and then I happened to be
working in the Chinatown area of San Francisco and I ran across a couple of Asian guys who were working for a CBO (Community-Based Organization) at the time called Chinese for Affirmative Action. This is before CityBuild.
CAM: CityBuild is a well-known San Francisco CBO that supports hiring and development of local residents for public works construction projects in the city.
MG: Right. These guys said they were looking for young people to work in the trades. They said, “What do you think about being a union carpenter?” And I thought, oh, that sounds pretty exciting, so I filled out the application, took the aptitude test, and went for an interview. The first interview I got hired and became a card-carrying Carpenter at about the age of 19.
CAM: One conversation changed your life. So many young people don’t recognize an opportunity like that when it comes along. It requires them to see the opportunity, and then take proactive steps to capitalize on it.
MG: From that point on, the next 10 years, it was all about working as a Carpenter, doing form work, concrete work, metal studs, wood framing, you name it. That’s what Carpenters do. So I did that for about 10 years, until the recession of 1988-89. By then I’m 29 or 30 years old and I’m looking around, and I’m the old guy on the job, literally, because it is a young person’s industry. Being a Carpenter can be really hard on your body. There’s always a fresh 18, 19, 20-year-old out there to push and hustle and doesn’t know how to pace themselves. And by the time you are 30 and you want to be 20 years in this game you figure out you have to pace yourself.
CAM: Like many careers, experience in the construction industry brings with it knowledge about how to work smarter, not harder, to be more
Miguel Galarza speaks at the 2009 official kickoff of the Caltrans-construction industry Mentor-Protégé Program in Caltrans District 4, near the San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge. Also pictured to his immediate left is then-Caltrans Director Will Kempton and (far left) then-Caltrans District 4 Director Bijan Sartipi, both program champions. The program won a national Diversity Award that year from Associated General Contractors of America.
by CalAPA.
efficient, eliminate mistakes, and ultimately make your employer more money. Those who do that have long and successful careers, and they make it look easy.
MG: When you’re 19, it’s all about, “I’ve got to save my job. I’ve got to look like I know what I’m doing, I’ve got to look like I’m busy.” That was the genesis of my leaving the Carpenters Union as a tradesperson and looking elsewhere. I wanted to stay in the industry, but not in the physical sense any longer. And so I started putting my feelers out, again back to CBOs, and, lo and behold, the CBO in the Bayview-Hunters Point let me know they have this contractor who is doing federal work who may need somebody to help the company as assistant project manager. They asked me, “What do you think?” That was my first project management job, at the age of about 29 or 30. I was working on my degree, but I didn’t have a degree at the time. And remember, this is the recession. This is 1990.
There are civil engineers, mechanical engineers, and nobody’s working, and everybody has a degree and I’m competing against all of these guys for a job. The difference was I had practical construction experience, whereas they didn’t. And I had a good job. As a journeyman Carpenter in 1990 the journeyman scale was $22 an hour. In 1990 you could buy a house at $22 an hour, and so it was a good living wage.
CAM: Your parents were a big influence for you during this time, right? The family were immigrants from Puerto Rico and having a good job with good benefits was a big deal for them.
MG: It was what my parents always told me. Their frame of reference for success was you had a union job. It wasn’t about education. So we as kids, none of us, my brothers and sisters, were encouraged to get an education. We were encouraged to get a job, a union job, to work 30 years, and get a pension. My dad
Photo
was a janitor. Before that, he was a farmer, a sugar cane farmer from the island of Puerto Rico. That was a big step up for him, from a sugar cane farmer to being a union janitor. That was a quantum leap. And so the frame of reference comes from your background, so for me to be a journeyman Carpenter was a big deal.
CAM: And yet you are willing to take a risk and pick up some new skills and place your career on a new trajectory. That took courage.
MG: So here I am being hired to be this quasi-assistant project manager and I’m thinking, maybe I’ll be making $20 an hour. So then he offers me the job at $13 an hour. What do I do? I have to have a discussion with my wife and ask, “What are we going to do here?” I don’t have a degree. I can’t demand $18 an hour, and the chances of me getting a job that is going to give me this kind of experience is like zero. So we bit the bullet, and I took the job for $13 an hour.
CAM: You were sacrificing in the short term for the potential of a longterm gain. Another way of putting it is investing in yourself. You have spoken very eloquently over the years how some key people mentored you during those early days, when you didn’t know what you didn’t know, to help set you up for success. A Navy project you worked on at that time won a U.S. Small Business Administration national award for administrative excellence. And later you got a big raise.
MG: (Laughs). Yes, to $13.75 an hour, a .75 cent an hour raise!
CAM: Woo-hoo!
MG: (Laughs). Yes, but I learned so much there. And here’s the great thing. We were in the Bayview area of San Francisco, in an incubator building full of contractors, and my boss couldn’t stop bragging about me to all of the other contractors in the building. So what do you think
From a recent LinkedIn post from Miguel Galarza: “The Summer semester for CM 250 Construction Communication at San Francisco City College came to a close. It was a pleasure to have worked with this talented group of future construction management professionals. Their future looked bright—watch out for these rising stars!”
happened? The next thing you know, I’m getting job offers left and right. And finally, one guy approaches me and he says, “Hey, I can’t offer you what you’re making now, but if you’re interested, I think I can squeeze $19 an hour.” I said, “$19 dollars an hour? Let me sleep on that. Let me see if I can make that work into my budget.” (Laughs).
CAM: You were still making $13.75 at the time, right?
MG: (Laughs). Right. I went home and I told my wife I got an offer for $19, what do you think? (Laughs). I went to work for that outfit and I stayed 10 years. By the time I left, I was making $170,000 a year and I was offered a partnership.
CAM: So we guess the lesson learned here is don’t brag about your employees? Just kidding. Recognition is good, but obviously the opportunity to learn and grow is important as well, and compensation should be fair.
MG: Right. But you can create your own opportunities. That’s part of my story.
CAM: So what happened next? Your career was clearly on a different trajectory.
MG: The second company, Mendelian Construction, I was there
for 10 years. It was run by a guy who was trying to survive the postProposition 209 era.
CAM: That was the statewide ballot initiative in California, passed by voters in 1996, that prohibited state government from using race, ethnicity or sex as criteria in public employment, public contracting and public education. There has been considerable research, and debate, since then about the impact the law had on minorities and upward mobility. The law did not impact federal law as it relates to public contracts that contain federal dollars.
MG: Right. I spent 10 years Mendelian Construction. They were trying to survive in the postProposition 209 era, and they were struggling. They were trying to go after federal work, and guess what? I had just come from a contractor doing federal work. So the segue was perfect. They went from doing zero dollars in federal work to, by the time I finished my career there, they were doing $15 million or $16 million a year in federal contracts. They did very well.
CAM: For many people, you became the face of the company.
MG: Right. The light finally came on to me and I said, “I’m 40 years old. People think I’m the owner, because I [ Continued on page 16 ]
took my job seriously. I’m being paid to take care of business. And I treated it as if it was my business. And I put in the hours, I put in the work.” People saw that. And at the end of the day, when I turned 40, I thought, if I’m ever going to do this, I have to do it now. And I literally gave the company a year’s notice. I said I’m going to leave in a year. Now, if you want me to leave in two weeks, that’s fine, but I’m going to give you a year to find somebody to replace me. And so, they waited until the 11th month, and just threw a bunch of money at me and said, “Please stay.”
CAM: I’m sure that was flattering, but also made your decision to leave even more difficult.
MG: Something I tell everybody, “Don’t ever go for the money. The money will come. You’ve got to follow your passion.” And for me, I wanted to be an entrepreneur. I’d always been a hustler. And I tell this
story because you never know who is watching you. Who’s example are you going to follow? And the reason I say that is because when I was just getting into the trades, and I’d only been a Carpenter for a couple of years, and I ran across this article, back in the day when you actually had the paper delivered to your house. I was reading the paper and there was this story about this San Francisco contractor who was from Puerto Rico, a family business, and they had just been awarded the U.S. Small Business Association Contractor of the Year nationally. And I said, “Wow. They did that. Why can’t I do that?” Barrios Construction was the name of the firm. And it was an example of what you could achieve, and it stuck with me.
CAM: That’s an incredible story of how a seed was planted all those years ago.
MG: I had the pleasure of meeting the owner, about five years ago. He’s
retired and living in Texas. I reached out to him and I said, “You don’t know me. I’m a Puerto Rican from San Francisco. Maybe you didn’t realize how important that was to me, or to the community. It showed that you can indeed achieve, you can be successful, you can do something besides being a tradesperson if that is what you aspire to. And so, today, there are people who are looking at me and saying, “He’s a kid from the Mission. He came from the trades. And here he is today as a successful business owner.”
CAM: You never know the positive impact you can have on others when you lead by example.
MG: And so, I ask my colleagues, how do you purport yourself as a businessperson? As a contractor? People are watching you. And it is important that you set a positive example, so people won’t be able to say, “Oh, there they go again — somebody is cheating the system.”
Instead, you want people to say, “There goes somebody who is doing it right, and treats his employees correctly, and pays his bills. There goes a good contractor.”
CAM: That was part of the reason our association created the Quality Paving Certificate program, to help establish a criteria for what constitutes a quality contractor. As you know, we have many asphalt paving contractors in our membership. We wanted an objective standard for those who exemplify many of the attributes you have mentioned. We worked with the Contractors State License Board as we were developing the program, because having a contractor’s license in good standing with the CSLB is a basic requirement for working in this business and also qualifying for the QPC. There’s also technical training requirements, a self-assessment with a heavy emphasis on customer satisfaction, and an on-line quiz. The feedback we received from the CSLB is that programs like this help elevate the industry and, ultimately, protects consumers and project owners.
MG: You set the example for excellence, and you hope people are paying attention and watching you, for the good that you can do, and the mentoring you can do, and the advocacy you can do, because we’re all here for a small snippet of time, right? And our legacy is those that follow us and follow our example. I don’t have any kids in this industry. When I’m done with this thing, the guys that are working for me who’ve been with me for years, they will take over and, God bless them, they will continue with the name and maybe do something different than I did, but that’s the only legacy that I will have. I won’t have family that takes over my business. And so what other legacy can I create? So, that’s why I am an advocate, serve as a mentor. I want to be someone who is advocating for small business and opportunity, and mentoring and counseling, because I have benefitted from that in my career.
How do you purport yourself as a businessperson? As a contractor? People are watching you. And it is important that you set a positive example.
That is how I believe I can effect change with companies that want to do the right thing but just don’t know what to do. That’s what I am trying to do with this portion of my career.
CAM: Since this is an asphalt pavement association, and an asphalt-focused magazine, do you have any observations there? Since you have been in the heavycivil space your entire career, we know you have been around a lot of asphalt paving.
MG: Yerba Buena Engineering & Construction does some paving. We usually subcontract it out, when it is really a lot of paving, where you need a machine, we sub that out. But we do small patch paving, or put some speed bumps in. We’re not afraid of it, and we have people who have worked with asphalt, but you know that old saying, you’ve got to stay in your lane. A lot of guys who think they can pave, because it’s easy, so they say, and the next thing you know they are broke and out of business. You have to respect what other people know about their industry, and I know enough to know that I don’t know enough to be an asphalt paver.
CAM: So, you were involved at the launch of a mentor-protégé program for construction at Caltrans. It was a joint effort by the construction industry and Caltrans District 4 in the San Francisco Bay Area, and has since expanded statewide. You were a very sought-after mentor because small firms could see that you were once small, like them, and you benefitted from mentoring and were able to grow a successful business. Tell us about your experience.
MG: We’re talking 20 some years ago, it was only 10 years since some large companies had fought major battles about small-business goals and things like that. There was a history there, and it wasn’t a good history. So we tried to create a new paradigm, new relationships, new synergy. We wanted to dispel the myth that these small businesses were just contractors looking for a handout. Through the mentorprogram established companies could see these small firms as just people trying to run a business, like we are. I think that’s what created the space for me. Somebody’s got to be the first person on the dance floor to get the party started. And, fast forward to today, and we start to work with Bijan (Bijan Sartipi, the former Caltrans District 4 Director), and it took leadership from Bijan’s perspective that this makes business sense. This is what we need to do so that we have more capacity and more contractors bidding our work. He saw the vision, and somehow, some way, the moons and stars aligned in the same way, and he had the support of Bonny (Bonny Nyaga, the Caltrans mentor-protégé program lead) and others.
CAM: One of our associate members, Abbigail Brown with CPM Logistics, is the lead contracted administrator of the program. Like Bonny, she shares a passion to help businesses of all sizes succeed. Still, it was a challenge getting a large department like Caltrans behind the program.
MG: And why did it succeed? It was because it was being pushed by upper management. And then we had contractors who were willing to step up and they said, “Let’s see what we can do to change the paradigm of some of these firms.” And so there were some great successes, companies that have really thrived and grown and are still thriving companies. And some went by the wayside. There’s no guarantees in this business, right? It’s very competitive. But at the end
of the day what happened was that District 4 mentality ultimately started to foster into a statewide mentality. And, you know what? Some in Caltrans said we can’t allow District 4 to have all the glory. (Laughs). Other directors started to see the benefit and they started to ask, “How can we do this?” And obviously it went from district to district and then it went statewide, and that’s where we’re at today. It all started 20 years ago in District 4. I have this plaque in my office, being one of the charter members of the Mentor-Protégé program. It was the beginning. Now it’s an ecosystem all unto itself, and I’m very proud to still be associated with it.
CAM: It is another example of how a few people who are very passionate can really move the needle. Our association is seeing the same phenomenon with the Women of Asphalt California Branch. It is a volunteer effort to help recruit and develop women in our industry, and ensure their success. It is being supported by CalAPA and our newly formed CARE Foundation charity. The women involved are very enthusiastic, active, and are breaking barriers and dispelling myths about our industry every day. There are amazing careers in our industry for women and other underrepresented groups. We want to help people recognize the opportunities. Recruiting and retaining a quality workforce is among the top concerns in our annual membership surveys.
MG: Right. Associations should not just cater to the large companies. If they do that, they are losing out on a huge market share of potential members. This is about brand loyalty. This is Business Marketing 101. You build loyalty from the beginning, and they will stay with you forever.
CAM: Represent big companies, and companies that aspire to be big, and help them get there.
MG: There’s never been a company that started big.
California Code of Regulations 832.12:
Earthwork and Paving (C-12)
An earthwork and paving contractor digs, moves, and places material forming the surface of the earth, other than water, in such a manner that a cut, fill, excavation, grade, trench, backfill, or tunnel (if incidental thereto) can be executed, including the use of explosives for these purposes. This classification includes the mixing, fabricating and placing of paving and any other surfacing materials.
CAM: We’d like to ask you about your service on the Contractors State License Board. Our membership includes licensed asphalt paving contractors, and we offer many services to help them work safely, efficiently and profitably. Our association was one of many organizations that supported your appointment to the CSLB. What issues do you see now and in the future that would be of interest to licensed contractors?
MG: It’s interesting. I had to learn over the first three or four months on the Contractors State License Board that I’m not there to advocate for contractors. The CSLB is part of the State of California, Department of Consumer Affairs. I’ve been appointed by the governor to protect the public. That’s the board’s mission. That’s our job, to protect the public from harm, from unscrupulous contractors. That took a while to resonate in my head, that I wasn’t there to protect contractors. My first year I was the Licensing Chair. My second year I was the Legislative Chair. Every time I had an opportunity to serve as a chair of a committee, I was voted in, so I could understand how the organization worked, so I could understand about the mission to protect the public.
CAM: The last time we checked, the CSLB has 239,658 contractors licenses, and they have records on 285,120 active contractors, with 2,487 of them holding C-12 licenses, earthwork and paving. The CSLB call center has fielded 69,371 calls so far in 2024. They also do a lot of educational programming, and conduct sting operations to go after those unscrupulous and often unlicensed contractors. What are some of the issues you are seeing from your position on the CSLB board?
MG: We have huge issues with solar, and protecting the public from unscrupulous solar contractors. Normally in the span of a month, before solar really became an issue, the CSLB would average 20 or 30 complaints a month. Today, it is 200, 250 complaints a month, of which 90% are solar-related. It’s a huge problem. The way things are financed, and the way things are sold, there’s a huge problem there. It is very contentious. And then there is the problem of jurisdictional disputes between installing battery systems. Keep in mind, the solar industry has been a pathway for some people who have been disadvantaged, or perhaps formerly incarcerated. Solar panel installation could be a pathway for gainful employment in a lot of disadvantaged communities, So, for me, coming from a workforce development point of view, and also from the position of consumer protection, this is a challenge right now.
CAM: California is going through massive disruption in how we power our state and our vehicles. It’s a major issue that is weighing heavily on our industry, and also for anyone who gets a utility bill. What other issues are top-of-mind for the board?
MG: The other huge contention is the requirement that anyone who is licensed must have Workmen’s Compensation insurance. That’s part of law now. By 2028, if you have a [ Continued on page 20 ]
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contractor’s license, you will have to have Workmen’s Comp, full stop. That is whether you have employees or not. I understand why the law was passed. It's because people are being paid cash wages and stuff like that, being non-competitive, and lowering the threshold and the cost of doing business. It is not a level playing field in some cases. And there are also cases of wage theft. But the fact remains, when I was doing home remodeling work, I did everything by myself. I did cabinets, I did tile, I did drywall, you name it, I did it by myself, because I didn’t have any employees. And so what you are doing is you are creating a situation where a Workers Compensation policy is $4,000 or $5,000, whether you use it or not. So, for some people, a one-person company, every year you’re going to spend $5,000 for a policy you’re not using? Just to make sure that everybody is on the same level playing field? There’s a lot of debate over that issue. If this went into effect tomorrow, you’re talking over 100,000 policies. The system can’t handle that. The system will blow up. The wheels will fall off of the State Fund (the Workers’ Compensation fund of last resort). You’re going down a really slippery slope. I would tell people this is untenable the way it is right now. I would rather see the emphasis on education and enforcement. If you hire people and don’t pay them properly, or provide proper insurance, there should be consequences.
CAM: Any advice for an up-andcoming businesses?
MG: I think that, clearly, a good paving outfit is only good if they have a good team and everyone knows everyone else’s moves. It’s very difficult to incorporate a new member of the team because it’s like a symphony. This guy knows what to do, this guy sets the screeds. This guy knows how to rake. This guy knows how to roll. And
I’m a firm believer in building from within, promoting from within. If you hire somebody from someone else, they are only there for the money. They have no loyalty to you. If you invest in someone’s success, they are more likely to be with you for the long haul.
everybody is working in unison to get that daily production. And, God forbid, you upset the apple cart, and insert somebody who doesn’t know what they are doing, who is new to the game. Especially on big production paving and highway work. So, are there opportunities outside of that where you can start to mentor, maybe not high-end, high-pressure production jobs? You can’t grow your company – there might be a lot of paving out there, but you only have two paving crews, so you can’t take on any more work, because you can’t stretch your guys out. It’s really about learning about how much are you willing to invest in the future development of your team. Because hiring a new person is not always the answer. I’m a firm believer in building from within, promoting from within. Because, again, there is no difference whether you are building loyalty to Caterpillar because of the machines that they sell you, or your employees that are part of your family and started as apprentices. They’ve become a lead man. They’ve become a foreman. And ultimately become a superintendent. You can’t buy those people. All you can do is develop those people. And here’s the deal. It’s all about now, for the future. It is no different. You start with that acorn, you put it in good soil, and you water it, and you trim the weeds around it. And you put it in sunlight. When it needs more water, more counseling, more mentoring, more education, you give it. And the next thing you know that acorn turns into some great huge oak tree. Right? And it’s no different.
CAM: It sounds like your message is, if you want an outstanding workforce, you’re going to have to develop it from within. You’re going to have to put in the work.
MG: You want brand loyalty. If you hire somebody from someone else, they are only there for the money. They have no loyalty to you. If you invest in someone’s success, they are more likely to be with you for the long haul CA
Russell W. Snyder, CAE, is executive director of the California Asphalt Pavement Association (CalAPA).
REFERENCES:
Snyder, R. (2022) “Quality Asphalt Paving Certificate Program Debuts,” California Asphalt, Journal of the California Asphalt Pavement Association, Vol. 25, Issue 1, PP 8-9. https://issuu.com/calcontractor/docs/ cam_forecast_2022_-_issuu
The Contractors State License Board website is here: https://www.cslb.ca.gov/
The California Asphalt Research & Education (CARE) Foundation website is here: https://www.calapa.net/foundation.html
The Women of Asphalt California Branch website is here: https://www.calapa.net/women-ofasphalt.html
The CalAPA Quality Asphalt Paving Certificate Program website is here: https://www.calapa.net/quality-pavingcertificate.html
Information on the Caltrans Construction Mentor-Protégé Program is here: https://dot.ca.gov/programs/ construction/construction-mentorprotege-program
Valero’s Diamond Green Diesel joint venture is the world's second-largest producer of sustainable renewable diesel. Using recycled animal fats, used cooking oil and distiller's corn oil, we produce a low-carbon fuel that reduces life cycle greenhouse gas emissions up to 80% compared with traditional diesel.
ASPHALT PAVEMENT & RECYCLING TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
Offers comprehensive asphalt testing for contractors, agencies, refiners, and others interested in maintaining the highest quality asphalt products in California and beyond
By Brian Hoover, CMS
Asphalt Pavement & Recycling Technologies, Inc. (APART) has been a cornerstone of innovation in asphalt testing and recycling since its inception in April 2001. Founded by Steven Escobar and Robert Staugaard, former employees of Witco-Golden Bear Division and Golden Bear Oil Specialties, APART brings decades of combined expertise in testing, evaluating, and marketing asphalt mixtures, binders, and related products. Today, it is one of California’s premier independent asphalt testing facilities, catering to a diverse clientele.
Core Services and Capabilities
APART’s primary functions are pivotal to the asphalt industry:
1. Quality Control/Quality Assurance for new asphalt concrete construction, asphalt pavement recycling, and asphalt shingles recycling.
3. Product Development and Marketing for innovative applications across industries.
The company’s testing repertoire includes performance-graded asphalt cements, emulsified asphalt, slurry seal systems, and aggregate analysis. These capabilities allow APART to meet the stringent demands of clients ranging from contractors and refiners to state agencies.
2. Comprehensive Testing Facility for various asphalt products, including recycled mix designs, aggregates, Superpave-Hamburg Wheel-Track tests, rubber asphalt cements, and bituminous mixture forensics.
Above & Right: Robert Staugaard, APART’s President and CEO and Michael Staugaard, APART’s Laboratory Manager.
Founding Vision and Growth
Robert Staugaard, APART’s President and CEO, played a pivotal role in the company’s establishment. With 23 years of experience at Golden Bear Oil as a technician, technical director, and quality control manager, Staugaard’s expertise was instrumental in launching APART. When Golden Bear sold its business, Staugaard teamed up with his colleague Steven Escobar to create an independent asphalt testing facility in Shafter.
“We identified a gap in the market and decided to focus on asphalt binder and emulsion testing,” Staugaard recalls. “In the early 2000s, there weren’t many laboratories offering the specialized services we provided. This allowed us to grow quickly and sustainably.”
APART began with an initial investment of $5,000 and has since grown to serve over 1,200 individuals, producers, engineering firms and agencies. While the company initially focused on emulsions and asphalt binders, it quickly expanded to include mix testing and forensics. Today, APART’s client base consists of approximately 50 repeat customers and hundreds of occasional clients, many of whom came through word-of-mouth referrals.
A Legacy of Excellence
Steven Escobar retired in 2016, leaving Staugaard as the sole owner. Under his leadership, APART has cemented its reputation for quality and reliability. “To my knowledge, we are the only independent laboratory in California performing certain specialized tests like asphalt binder and emulsion analysis. This unique position has made APART a trusted partner for agencies,
contractors, and refiners alike,” Staugaard says Staugaard highlights one instance of client loyalty: “A customer left us to conduct their own testing but returned within a few years, realizing it was both cheaper and more efficient to work with us.”
APART’s certifications through the AASHTO Accreditation Program (AAP) underscore its commitment to quality. AAP is the largest and most widely recognized accrediting body for construction material testing laboratories, ensuring clients receive reliable and consistent results.
Specialized Services and Innovations
APART’s expertise extends to forensic testing, helping clients determine why a roadway section failed. “Often, failures are due to the overuse of recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) beyond what is specified in mixes,” Staugaard explains. “We’ve conducted numerous investigations in the State of California, helping to ensure adherence to regulations and consistency in our roadway systems.”
Michael Staugaard, APART’s Laboratory Manager, emphasizes the importance of precise testing.
“Our bread and butter is in asphalt binder testing,” he says. “From AASHTO M320 specifications to rotational viscosity tests, we cover the entire suite of analyses. Additionally, we use technology like advanced ovens to simulate hot plant conditions and long-term aging, ensuring our results are accurate and reliable.”
According to Staugaard, their laboratory also conducts microviscosity tests to determine the effect of surface treatments, making it the only independent facility in the U.S. offering this service. “This specialized testing is crucial for states in the Midwest and Northeast, where surface treatments are common,” Staugaard adds.
Research and Development
APART thrives on innovation, offering research and development (R&D) services to clients exploring new products or applications. “I enjoy R&D work because it’s different from routine testing,” Michael Staugaard says. “These projects are intellectually stimulating and often lead to breakthroughs in product performance.” Proper sample preparation is another critical aspect of APART’s operations.
“Accurate testing begins with the right containers and procedures,” Staugaard notes.
“Unfortunately, we’ve received samples in inappropriate containers like Gatorade bottles, which compromise the integrity of the analysis. So, another part of our job is to educate and guide our clients into best sample practices.”
Commitment to Industry Advancement
APART’s affiliation with the California Asphalt Pavement Association (CalAPA) reflects its dedication to the industry’s growth. “CalAPA keeps us informed about evolving policies and practices,” Staugaard says. “We’ve worked
closely with their leadership, including Executive Director Russell Snyder, Technical Director Brandon Milar, and Member Services Manager, Sophie You, to address industry challenges.” Staugaard values the constructive dialogue CalAPA fosters. “It’s all for the greater good of the industry. These discussions help us refine our approaches and contribute to the broader asphalt community.”
Future Outlook
As APART continues to grow, its mission remains steadfast: to provide unparalleled testing services and support the development of sustainable asphalt technologies. “We’ve built
a reputation for excellence and integrity,” Staugaard says. “Our clients trust us because we deliver accurate, reliable results, helping them achieve their project goals.”
With over two decades of success, APART is poised to remain a leader in the asphalt product testing industry, driving innovation and ensuring the quality and durability of asphalt products nationwide. For more information, please visit www.asphalt-rap-hma-testing.com or call their Shafter offices and laboratory at (661) 393-2748. CA
Brian Hoover is co-owner of Construction Marketing Services, LLC, and editor of CalContractor Magazine.
Used to determine the upper grade of the asphalt binder.
Rolling Thin Film Oven Aging
Simulates short term aging of the binder.
PAV Degassing Oven
Used to remove any air in the sample after PAV aging before testing.
Rotational Viscosity
Used to verify workability
Pressure Aging Vessel
Simulates long term aging of the binder.
Bending Beam Rheology
Used to determine low temperature grade of the binder.
Dynamic Shear Rheology
Durability, Quality & Performance
For over 30 years, we’ve been one of Southern California’s leading seal coat manufacturers and service providers. We’re here to support your business with exceptional products and lasting value.
Equipment offered: John Deere skip loaders, excavators, backhoes, skid steers, motor graders, wheel loaders, crawler loaders, Wirtgen milling machines, slipform pavers, screeds, cold recyclers and soil stabilizers, Vogele pavers and material feeders, Kleemann mobile crushers, Hamm compaction equipment and Doosan air compressors, Trail King trailers and Kent hydraulic breakers.
(562) 490-3330
GROUP USA, INC. controls-usa.com (847) 551-5775
CRAFCO, INC. crafco.com
Anderson, CA (530) 365-0108
Fontana, CA (909) 822-6822
Products Offered:
Sacramento, CA (916) 564-4555
• Hot-Applied Crack Sealant
• HP Cold Patch
• Detack
• Additives
• Erosion Control and More!
D&H EQUIPMENT dhequip.com (830) 833-5366
DEPENDABLE PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, INC. chris@dpp-inc.com
diversifiedasphalt.com Anaheim, CA (714) 449-8666
Equipment Rental Offered:
• Pull Behind Seal Tank Trailer
• Pull Behind Tack Tank Trailer • Job Site Storage Tank
KENCO ENGINEERING, INC. kencoengineering.com butlerjustice.com
Roseville, CA (800) 363-9859
Southern California BUTLER-JUSTICE INC. Anaheim, CA (714) 696-7599
Parts for excavating and paving process:
Earth Moving: bulldozer and motor grader blades, compactor and scraper wear parts. Milling, Stabilizers and Recycling: ejector paddles, skis, side apron and skirt protection, scraper blades, cutter box and drum protection. Material Transfer Vehicles: Tungsten carbide augers, hopper protection, floors. Pavers: floors, screeds, augers, curb machine parts.
Parts and solutions for:
Asphalt Plants: flights, liners, mixer tips, silo liners, slat floors, and more. We can ARMOR your Loader/Excavator Buckets: cutting edges, corner protectors, heel plates, modular bucket floors, side protectors etc. Crushers: Kenco’s Black Gold RAP crusher, HSI apron and wall liners, Jaw cheek plates and RAP crusher liners. Miscellaneous Wear: Kenco Wear Patch: Highly effective wear solution in many sizes and shapes. Wear Plates: Kenco Alloy-K wear plates from .375” to 1” thick in 550 and 700 Brinell and unlimited range of Tungsten Carbide impregnated parts and plates.
Crafco’s
MAXAM EQUIPMENT, INC. maxamequipment.com (800) 292-6070
Weiler Paving Product Line: elevators, road wideners, remixing transfer vehicles and commercial pavers.
RAMOS OIL ramosoil.com (916) 371-3289
RDO EQUIPMENT CO. rdoequipment.com (800) 494-4863
SAKAI AMERICA, INC. sakaiamerica.com (770) 877-9433
SCOTT EQUIPMENT scottequip.com
Fontana, CA (909) 822-2200
Santa Fe Springs, CA (562) 777-0775
Temecula, CA (951) 355-3085
Equipment Offered:
Develon Tier 4 wheeled excavators, Tier 4 crawler excavators, articulated dump trucks and attachments. New Holland compact excavators, compact track loaders, compact wheel loaders, skid steer loaders and track loaders. Kobelco conventional excavators, demolition machines, SR series and mini excavators. Full line Mecalac dealer and Merlo Telehandler.
SITECH NORCAL SITECHnorcal.com
San Leandro, CA 888-4-A-LASER
SITECH OREGON SITECHoregon.com
Aurora, OR (503) 280-1505
Equipment Offered:
SITECH NorCal is northern California, Oregon, and southwest Washington’s authorized Trimble® dealer, service provider, and certified training facility offering a complete portfolio of construction technology systems to the civil engineering, construction, heavy highway, aggregate, and waste management industries. We service our customers from locations in San Leandro, CA as well as Aurora, OR. Our product lines include: machine control systems, GPS systems, surveying equipment, engineering software, UAV (drone) solutions, optical instruments, construction lasers, and accessories. As an independent factory dealer, we also sell and service Rajant, Spectra Precision, SECO, and Schonstedt products.
SITECH PACIFIC SITECHPacific.com
Riverside, CA (951) 300-0400
Equipment/Services Offered:
SITECH Pacific serves the construction market technology needs from our Inland Empire Office in Riverside, California. As an Authorized Trimble Dealer, we offer Trimble Machine Control and Site Positioning products, solutions, consultation and training to support our customers’ success in the field.
SITECH WEST
Continued...
We also provide complete sales and service for Seco, Apache, Laserline and Crain equipment. Our technology product offerings include: construction lasers, laser levels, surveying equipment, machine control systems, GPS systems, optical equipment, engineering software and accessories.
STANDARD EMULSIONS standardemulsions.com
SITECH WEST SITECHWest.com
Sacramento, CA (916) 921-0550
Equipment/Services Offered:
SITECH West is your one-stop source for high-tech solutions for construction equipment in California’s Central and North Valley. As an authorized, independent Trimble dealer located in Sacramento, we’re able to offer a wide selection of new, used and rental Trimble products that will help you maximize performance and productivity on every project.
6630 Avenue 304 Visalia, CA 93291
David Diaz – Plant Manager david@standardemulsions.com (661) 858-4623
Equipment/Services Offered: Our industry leading Asphalt Emulsions, Road Oils and Dust Control continue setting the new standard. Have a special project? We can custom make any emulsion you need. Contact us today for delivery and application!
We’re here to make sure your job gets done right the first time by offering these state of the art rentals. From our BearCat ® Road Oil Spreader to our custom built 250 and 400 gallon Tack Pots you’ll be ready to take on any commercial or residential project.
SURFACE SYSTEMS & INSTRUMENTS, INC. (SSI) smoothroad.com (415) 383-0570
TRANSTECH SYSTEMS, INC. transtechsys.com (800) 724-6306
TROXLER ELECTRONIC LABORATORIES, INC. troxlerlabs.com (919) 819-2488
VOLVO CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT & SERVICES vcesvolvo.com
Bakersfield, CA (661) 387-6090
Corona, CA (951) 277-7620
Fresno, CA (559) 834-4420
Lakeside, CA (619) 441-3690
Redding, CA (267) 201-4869
Turlock, CA (209) 410-6710
Sacramento, CA (916) 504-2300
San Leandro, CA (510) 357-9131
Providing a full line of Volvo Heavy equipment along the state of California. Seven locations with sales, service, parts & rentals.
Equipment Offered:
Heavy construction equipment, compact construction equipment, road machinery, compaction equipment and portable power and demolition attachments.
Dynapac's range of small and medium-size vibratory rollers are used to compact all types of soil. The rollers are suitable for most types of road construction, air elds, dam construction, harbor projects and industrial construction. Heavy-size vibratory rollers are used for a very wide range of applications. A special version with a padfoot drum (PD) is available for compacting cohesive soils.
SMALL BUT MIGHTY
The WORKMASTER™ 25S sub-compact tractor is the perfect “first step” tractor for homeowners and AG-lifestylers who need a hard-working, versatile small tractor to handle the chores a garden tractor just can’t. it’s ready to take on your yard, landscape, gardening and property maintenance jobs. Its compact size makes it easy to operate and maneuver around obstacles and in confined spaces
Asphalt industry converges on Temecula for annual charity golf tournament ASSOCIATION NEWS
There were long drives, short drives, and forgettable drives, but it was all for a good cause. The annual CalAPA charity golf tournament took place September 26 in Temecula, raising funds for CalAPA's newly formed foundation and the Women of Asphalt California Branch. The sold-out golf tournament was enjoyed by CalAPA members and invited guests who took on the scenic course at The Journey at Pechanga under sunny skies and gentle breezes that have made Southern California the envy of the world. The breakfast sponsors were Ergon Asphalt & Emulsions and Southern California Gas Co. The "Pebble Beach" Sponsors were Acrisure, ButlerJustice Inc., Martin Marietta, Nixon-Egli Equipment Co., Pavement Recycling Systems, Quinn CAT, Sully-Miller Contracting Co./ Blue Diamond Materials (a Colas Company), and Valero Energy. Beverage sponsors were Albina Asphalt and Gold Star Asphalt Products. The Women of Asphalt California Branch table, staffed by volunteers Kerry Hoover with Construction Marketing Services and Susana Perez with
Taylor Environmental Services, as well as Jackie Henry with CalAPA, was a popular destination for generous golfers supporting the many workforce recruitment and development activities of the group. The swag at the Gold Star Asphalt Products table also disappeared quickly. The winning foursome in this year's tournament was the team from Nixon-Egli: Oscar Espinoza, Matt Mendenhall, Gavin Singleton and Cameron Heckman. Coming in right behind them was Alex Kotrosios with Forta Corp., Brian Maurer with City Service Contracting, John Chun
with Balmony, Inc. and Brian Beckner with Prestige Paving. Taking home third-place honors were Ryan Merritt with Martin Marietta, Eddie Van Zyl with Astec, Tim Reed with Vulcan Materials and Ken Ghahremani with WestPac Financial. Plenty of other prizes were handed out at the gala awards luncheon, including "closest to the pin" winners and raffle prize winners. In one head-scratching development, Pascal Mascarenhas, known informally in golf tournament lore as "The World's Luckiest Man," did not win a single raffle prize this year. CA
GoldStar Asphalt Products and Women of Asphalt were proudly represented on the course at Journey at Pechanga Resort and Casino in Temecula.
First place winners were NixonEgli Equipment’s foursome; Oscar Espinoza (left) Matt Mendenhall, Gavin Singleton and Cameron Heckman.
Second place winners were Alex Kotrosios, Forta Corp. (left), Brian Maurer, City Service Contracting, John Chun, Balmony, Inc. and Brian Beckner, Prestige Paving.
Third place winners were Ryan Merritt, Martin Marietta (left), Eddie Van Zyl, Astec, Tim Reed, Vulcan Materials and Ken Ghahremani, WestPac Financial.
Quinn Company’s group: Tim Warady (left), Derek Ritarita and Steve Usary.
Aaron Terry, Terra Pave (left), Steve Cota, Acrisure, Chris Barry, Beach Paving and Tim Chao, United Paving.
Butler Justice’s foursome: Mike Low (left), Johnny Miller, Mike Butler and Todd Fields.
JB Bostick foursome: Juan Samperio, Rolhard, Inc. (left), Kourtney Burke, GoldStar, Greg Beckner, Eddie Imperial, Century Paving.
Diversified Asphalt Products group: Chad Martindale (left), Daren Carlson, Danny Baker and Andrew Quarton.
Cy Weaver (left), Adam Sapp, Payton Thomas, Teichert Utilities and Travis Ponchetti, Martin Marietta.
Sully-Miller Contracting’s foursome: Mike Patten (left), Alma Cortez, Vince Bommarito and Mack Steelman.
Pascal Mascarenhas, CRM (left), Steve D’Ambra, MAXAM, Keven Keitschmidt, Albina Asphalt and Dan Walker, D& H Equipment.
Frank Costa, Martin Marietta (left), Shawn Smith, Kelterite Corp., Dan Olivera, Cemex and Steve Hollis, San Joaquin Refining.
Albina Asphalt’s foursome: Zach Hoffman, Hambir Chavan, Kyle Arntson and Kevin Jeffers.
Dylan Mendez, Griffith Co., Shon Esparza, Sully-Miller, John Rogers, Blue Diamond and Tim Maus, T. Maus Grading & Paving.
Jay Kirschner, Onyx Paving, Jon Dooley, Hardy & Harper, Justin Dooley, PRS and Marco Estrada, PRS.
SoCal Gas Company’s foursome:
Mark Perez (left), Joshua Warwick, Aldo Amancio and Mike Torres.
