ARAD 401 - Guánica Análisis by Ariana Caquias

Guรกnica Site Analysis

ARAD 401 LANDSCAPE, ENVIRONMENT

September 21, 2020.

ECOLOGY

AND

LANDSCAPE, ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT

SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE RAFAEL HERNÁNDEZ COLÓN PONTIFICAL CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF PUERTO RICO

Index

Guánica’s History

Physical Attributes

Cultural Attributes

Biological Attributes

SWOT

6-29

30-113

114-185

186-261

262- 367

Guánica’s History Aurelis Ríos Santiago l Ginaira Morales Ramírez

LANDSCAPE, ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT

Guanica History Timeline 1510

The conqueror Cristobal de Sotomayor founded the town of Tavara there, being the second village that the conquerors established on the island. Due to the plague of mosquitoes in the area they made this village move

1511

1873 - 1881

In this year the Taino uprising took place where everything that had been built and planted by the Spanish was destroyed, and the region was abandoned and depopulated for years.

Part of the Guanica land was part of Guaynia, which was in the domain of Agueybana

1898

The North American army disembarked in the bay of the town of Guanica. But Guanica had not yet been established as an independent municipality.

For years Guanica belonged to San German but in 1873 the residents of the Guanica neighborhood began to request to separate from San German and be annexed to Yauco

Guanica History Timeline 1903

1901

1914

1984

On March 13, 1914, the legislative assembly declared Guanica an independent municipality of Yauco

The construction of the Guanica plant began by a North American consortium based in the state of New Jersey

The Guanica sugar mill begins operations

The meaning of the name of Guanica is "Place of waters"

When the plant closed in 1984, the port lost part of its function and had to cease production.

1936 Guánica’s Map

1956 Guánica’s Map

2013 Guánica’s Map

Guanica Main Town The town of Guanica had been created in 1853, although before that date a small conglomerate of people associated with the port activities of Yauco settled in the place. Photo 1: The plan in the ďŹ rst image was drawn by C.B Hernandez as part of the foundation procedures. It shows the layout of nine streets forming 26 blocks of different sizes divided into parcels

Photo 1

Guanica Main Town

Guanica in 1936

VS.

Guanica in 2020

Ensenada

â&#x2014;? Ensenada contains what was the largest sugar factory in Puerto Rico and one of the 10 most important in the world in its time. â&#x2014;? Ensenada was planned as an autonomous town not dependent on Guanica or Yauco. â&#x2014;? Its heart is the sugar mill, with the American houses to the north and east, the administrator's inside (Punta Pera, a former island), and the working-class town, Batey, to the west.

Ensenada Punta Pera At one end of the factory is the old island attached to the mainland when the plant was raised. In this land are the cranes of the factory which transported the product to the ship where it would be sent to the next destination. In this land you can also ďŹ nd the old administrator's house.

Buildings and service that ensenada had: School: -Elemental School -Middle School Hospital Departments Stores Theaters Clubs: They concentrated on art, it was already crafts or even dance clubs in which orchestras played and depending on your job that was the membership criteria Hotel Church Library

Ensenada Types of Houses: The type of house describe the type job or position the person that lives there had:

Yellow House:

These formed the Limon town, these were numerous since they housed the employees of the plant or other non-high-ranking jobs

White and Green House:

These were from Puerto Ricans who had administrative positions within the central. These houses were also made of concrete and although the structure was white, they had a green eaves.

White House of concrete:

They are located on brandon street, they were owned by the Americans. These houses were temporarily inhabited so when no one was living in them the domestic workers took care of the house 17

Historic Buildings, Guรกnica

Lighthouse, Guánica The lighthouse was designed by Jose Maria Sainz and was built in Punta Meceta. The lighthouse entered service in 1893

Guánica’s Lighthouse

Feliciano Alonso, c. 1895.

The lighthouse is sixth order and illuminated the harbor with a white light visible from 8 miles away.

2019

The lighthouse was forgotten over time with little maintenance and deteriorated over time.

2020

Today the lighthouse is only ruins due to the earthquakes that have affected the south, in this case Guanica. 19

Lighthouse, Guรกnica Maritime lighting plan of Puerto Rico

“La Piedra de Guánica”

Photo by: Aurelis Ríos

The Guánica Stone, also known as the Historic Stone, is on the Malecón de Guánica, mounted on a pedestal, at the beginning of 25 de Julio Street. It commemorates the entry of the North American troops to Puerto Rico.

Art & History Museum of Guánica "Don Pedro Juan Vargas Mercado"

Fuerte Caprón

Year:2019

Former Guánica Mayor's Ofﬁce whose building dates back to 1921. Restored, it opens its doors converted into a Museum on March 12, 2006. Located on Calle 25 de julio esq. Carlos A. del Rosario. Also headquarters of the Ofﬁce of Art, Culture and Tourism La piedra de Guánica

Fuerte Capron

Fort Capron was built 2 times:, the ﬁrst was originally made of wood by the Spaniards long before the Americans arrived. The settlement was destroyed in the Taíno Uprising of 1511 and abandoned by the Europeans for many years. The fort that we see today was built by American forces after they landed in Guánica on July 25, 1898, during the Spanish – American War. It was constructed as a lookout over the bay and was dedicated to and named after Captain Allyn K. Caprón, who was killed in action in Cuba.

Museum of Art & History of Guanica “Don Pedro Juan Vargas Mercado

“Hacienda Santa Rita”

The Hacienda was built in 1800 by Mariano Quiñones. It is also known as Casa Madre y Noviciado de las Hermanas Dominicas de Fatima.

PLaza Manuel Rodriguez Mesa Maria Luisa McDougall School

The Plaza Manuel Jiménez Mesa was known in its beginnings as the Plaza Quiñones. In 1915 it was recognized as the Plaza de la Independencia in honor of March 13, 1914, the year that Guánica's independence was established.

Known for the year 1922 as Guánica Junior High School, it is inﬂuenced by California Mission Stlyle.

Parroquia San Antonio Abad

It was the ﬁrst church built on the outskirts of the town shortly after 1888. The current church was inaugurated in 1953 and has been restored several times.

“Hacienda Maria Antonia”

Residence of Don José Arenas and his family. It was visited by important personalities of the time, among them Spanish captains and generals; also Dr. Ramón Emeterio Betances and Lcdo. Segundo Ruiz Belvis.

“Hacienda Igualdad”

It is an old sugar plantation that still preserves the characteristics of the 19th century.

“Parador 1929”

Hotel built in 1924 for American visitors. Today study center and hotel school.

Postal Service

Mayor’s House

Old mail ca. 1950 in vernacular style in wood: also lost in a ﬁre.

Former mayor's house, used for years as a social center, lost in a ﬁre.

“Tienda General de la Corporacion Guanica”

The general store of the Central Guánica corporation.

“Club de Artesanos”

Fraternization site of operators and workers of the factory.

Library

Public library (1940) It was the ﬁrst historical site of the community of Ensenada.

Jose Rodriguez Soto School

Rodríguez DeSoto School (ca.1918), the main educational center of the community.

Old Hospital

Old hospital located at the beginning of the road to Las Salinas and Playa Santa.

“Telegrafo”

Located in the town of Ensenada on carr. 325. It was the ﬁrst wireless telegraph and was located on the land of the Sugar Mill. It dates from 1913.

Catholic Church

Presbyterian Church

Adventist Church

Ensenada has a great spiritual life as witnessed by its churches, both the traditional Catholic and the Protestant beliefs of the new colonizers.

GUANICA, BAY Image recovered from: Redescubre el suroeste

Physical Attributes Gerardo J. Perez l Ariana N. Caquias l Glorivette Correa l Wilmaliz Santiago l Ricardo A. Pietri

FORM AND SIZE OF THE SITE TOPOGRAPHY I GEOLOGY HYDROLOGY I SOILS CLIMATE AND MICROCLIMATE NATURAL HAZARDS, THREATS

Site and river size Rio Loco Deﬁnition of the name Guánica - It’s name is of indigenous roots and means “place of waters”. - The territory covers an area of 37.1 square miles, (96.1 square kilometers). - The Rio Loco occupies an area of 24.73 square miles. - The length of the Rio Loco is 21.63 miles.

Shape Divided Segments

2 1

The bay divides Guรกnica basically into two segments 33

Inventory Water

Guanica is mainly a ďŹ&#x201A;at plain with some hill elevations

Inventory Water ClassiďŹ cations - Puddles/Ponds - River - Wetlands - Estuary - Bay - Rivermouth - Port - Lagoon

Rio Loco

5 1

2 3

7 8 9

10 Caribbean sea

Inventory - Ponds Documentation

Inventory - Pond, Wetland Documentation

Inventory - Wetlands Documentation

Inventory - Lagoon Documentation

Inventory - Wetland Documentation

9 41

Inventory - Port, Bay, Sea Documentation

Inventory - Estuary, River, Mouth Documentation

Inventory Forests

Inventory - Forests

Inventory - Forests Dry Forest

Urbanized Areas CaĂąa Gorda Pueblo Ensenada Playa Santa

2 1

Urbanized Footprint CaĂąa Gorda

Urbanized Footprint Pueblo

Urbanized Footprint Ensenada

Urbanized Footprint Playa Santa

Urbanized Footprint - Playa Santa Documentation

Comparative Size and Scale

San Juan Guรกnica

Ponce

m/ o.co

Similarities Similarities and opportunities - The three marked towns share the same similarity that they have coasts in their area. - There is an opportunity for commerce to ďŹ&#x201A;ourish due to its proximity with the coast. - Opportunity to attract tourism in the area, promoting valuable income. - Opportunity to focus on its beaches. - We can recognize that GuĂĄnica has a particular shape that allows and creates a feeling of an invitation to its shores.

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Similarities Similarities and opportunities Explanation - I mark the edges of the Guรกnica coast as an essential point in the area. - I also put a circle in the area that could play an important role in which it could become a commercial network. - The shape attracts and invites by inciting curiosity in the mouth of the bay. im

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Differences Differences/Weaknesses - Regarding the size, Guรกnica has a smaller scale than the town of Ponce and San Juan. - Currently Guรกnica has not developed a great impact in the bay area and its coasts recently, such as San Juan and Ponce have. - Of the three marked towns, Guรกnica has a great disadvantage and has been greatly affected by constant earthquakes. - Guรกnica right now is underdeveloped and needs a full reconstruction. (

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Topography

Guรกnica is made up of mogotes, mainly limestone. However, in the central west area there is a high area with slight slopes.

Topography Highest level Intermediate Level Lowest level

Topography

Guanica,PR 69

Topography

200’ 20k’ Section A-A

Topography Zone 1: Caña Gorda Some of the best beaches and keys are located. The topography of this sector is the steepest in Guánica. Zone 2:Pueblo Valley area of ﬂat and fertile land. At its southern end is the bay and urban center. Zone 3: Ensenada Area of valleys that are quite wide and high, in proportion to the size of the sector. Zone 4:Playa Santa An extremely steep topography, at high elevations above sea level. To the south it culminates in the bay area.

Topography

Zone 1: CaĂąa Gorda

Zone 2: Pueblo 73

Topography

Zone 3: Ensenada

Zone 4: Playa Santa 75

Topography

Zone’s Sections

600’ 300’ 8k’ Section - Zone 1: Caña gorda

90’ 60’ 30’ 7k’ Section - Zone 2: Pueblo

Topography

Zone’s Sections

200’ 100’ 5k’ Section - Zone 3: Ensenada

200’ 8k’ Section - Zone 4: Playa Santa 77

Geology

Surface geology deals with the structure, composition, and stability of materials below and, in some places, on the earth's surface.

Geology The Caribbean: Located on the Caribbean tectonic plate. These tectonic faults and volcanic eruptions have led to the creation of several islands with large mountainous areas.

Americas: Our island is in a location close to Central America, which is located between large geological faults.

Geology Puerto Rico: It is located on the Caribbean Plate and was formed by a convergent contact between two oceanic crusts. Puerto Rico is divided into three main groups: the Carso Norteño Region, the Plains and the Central Mountains.

Guánica: This area is mainly composed of volcanic and volcaniclastic rocks which are found on high ground and on top of the mountains that surround Guánica Bay.

Geology Ponce limestone Alluvium Plutonic rocks Juana Diaz Formation Sedimentary rocks

Geology 1

4 1. Puerto Rico Trench 2. North and South Slope Faults of Puerto Rico

3. Northeast in the Hat Zone 4. The Canyรณn de la Mona

5. Passage of the Mona 6. The depressions of the Virgin and Anegada Islands;

7. Dead South Depression 8. In the Southwest of Puerto Rico

The seismic activity is concentrated in eight zones

Geology Among the faults of the Southwest of Puerto Rico is the Punta Montalva Fault. According to the Puerto Rico seismic network, the fault is deep, so its activity could generate more intense earthquakes, which is aggravated by being a ďŹ&#x201A;at area of the land through which it crosses. Due to its proximity to the town, this fault is considered one of high danger for the area.

Hydrology ●

The effects of water and its reactions to its context is observed by its capillary action or bodies of water for different types of uses.

● ● ● ● ● ● ●

●

The ﬂow of water: precipitation inﬁltration storage subterrain evapotranspiration discharge are examples of ways water can introduce itself in the landscape.

If it is going through sand, gravel or rocks then it can pass to deeper layers of the earth's mantle.

●

Impermeable consolidated soil holds water.

Hydrology The protagonist river of Guรกnica is Rio Loco. Reservoir Lucchetti provides the tunnel that the entity AAA placed that then produces Rio Loco and then discharges in the northeast bay. As a result of having mountainous slopes, this fresh water is received and areas of proliferating alluvial aquifers are produced.

Hydrology Water Wells Diagram

Water Wells

Hydrology “Béntico” Diagram

Linear Coral Reef

Reef Patch

Macroalgae

Seagrass

Mangrove

Colonized Pavement

Hydrology “Barimetría” Diagram

Depth: > 30’

Depth: < 30’

Depth: > 60’

Soils

The composition of the factors physical, biological and even cultural that a region offers can remain in the mantles crust for a long time. These factors are variables bound to know to then confront the complexities of excavation, construction and design of a new structure.

Organic Top-soil Subsoil

Parent Material

Bedrock

Soils - Guánica

Aridisols ● Too dry to permit growth of mesophytic plants.

Entisols ●

●

Parental material was deposited recently. Erosion occurs faster than the formation of soil.

Histosols ● High organic content ● Needs good drainage. ● The organic accumulation is faster than decomposition.

Soils

Entisols

Verisols

Histosols

Soils Polluted Activity Diagram These zones are victim of human produced contaminants and protagonistic landslide activity.

Landslide zone

Comercial

Industrial

Quimicos- PCB, clordano, cromo y niquel

Wastewater Drainage System

Soils

Moderate Damage Severe Damage

10% - Ensenada

90%- Pueblo 93

Climate Temperature and precipitation

Very hot and dry area Hot and medium dry zone

Puerto Rico has a tropical climate, hot throughout the year, with hotter seasons than others. The southern part of the island is the hottest and driest.

Guánica’s Climate

Guánica’s climate is arid and dry.

Micro - Climate Microclimates arise from the difference in humidity, wind, temperature,

precipitation,

vegetation and topography of a speciďŹ c area.

https://www.periodicolaperla.com/en-riesgo11-mil-cuerdas-de-terreno-del-bosque-secode-guanica/

https://sites.google.com/site/pastoypasto/ho me/oeste/bosque-seco-de-guanica

https://www.discoveringpuertorico.com/hiki ng-guanica-dry-forest/

Dry weather Very high temperatures Mountainous and coastal Limestone rock and clay sand soil 35â&#x20AC;? of rain per year

Evapotranspiration

Dry Forest Microclimate Analysis

Micro - Climate ModiďŹ ed by Vegetation

Plants help improve air quality and produce oxygen. The shade of the trees intercepts the solar radiation. Plant leaves cool the air temperature. 97

Micro - Climate Comparison

Guánica State Forest (Bosque Seco)

https://www.periodicolaperla.com/en-riesgo-11-mil-cuerdas-de-terreno-del-bosque-seco-de-guanica/

El Yunque National Rainforest

Rainy forest Cool temperatures Mountainous Clay soil 200” of rain per year

https://www.viator.com/es-ES/tours/San-Juan/El-Yunque-Rain-Forest-Tour-with-Waterfall-Swimming-from-San-Juan/d903-14030P2

Guánica’s Micro-climates

Guánica has several changes in its natural landscapes, due to their differences in soils, topography, vegetation, bodies of water, wildlife, urbanization and among others.

https://www.pinterest.com/pin/540361655284099909/

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6xR0pXs_u8M

https://marinas.com/view/harbor/25t8en_Ensenada_H arbor_Ensenada_Guanica_Puerto_Rico

https://www.tripadvisor.com/VacationRentalReview-g 736581-d15139548-Villa_del_bosque_seco-Guanica_Pue rto_Rico.html

POSSIBLES NATURAL HAZARDS

Natural Hazards Natural phenomena present signiﬁcant risks to human life and property. Natural hazards include atmospheric,

hydrological,

geological

HURRICANES

and

wildﬁre events.

TSUNAMIS

These due to their location, severity and frequency, have the potential to adversely impact humans, their structures or their

FLOODS

activities. Some of the natural hazards that exist in Puerto

FOREST FIRE

Rico of which affect precisely the people of Guánica are:

EARTHQUAKES LANDSLIDES

Natural Hazards

Hurricanes Category 5 - September 20, 2017 Hurricane Maria signiﬁcantly affected the coasts, agricultural production, forests, mangroves, homes and infrastructure in Guánica, Puerto Rico. Category - 1975, Tropical Storm Eloise Flood Damage, 23 inches of rain.

GUÁNICA, PUERTO RICO.

DAMAGES HURRICANE MARIA, GUÁNICA - https://huracanmaria.elnuevodia.com/2017/municipio/guanica/

101

Floods Flooding in the village of Guánica, these can be caused by heavy rains, tropical storms, hurricanes and tsunamis. The village area has the cause of the crazy river which significantly affects the village when it overflows. Affects the possibility of redevelopment of the land already urbanized in the urban area of the Municipality of Guánica. - A flood event can flood more than 80% of the village of Guánica Sectors most susceptible to flooding (Zona VE3 and Zona A4) - Playa Santa - Comunidad Vista Mar - Sector del Fuig - Comunidad Esperanza

Floods

Pueblo

Tsunamis The municipality of GuĂĄnica, coastal

area,

contains

the

Punta Montalva fault, which makes

extremely

susceptible to ďŹ&#x201A;ooding and tsunami impact. Caribbean

Tsunami

Alert

Program (CTWP) reported a small increase in sea level west of the epicentral area, seabed landslides, following an earthquake of January 7, 2020.

105

Forest Fire Natural

forest

interrupted

cycles

and

are

native

species

disappear,

invasive

plants

while

proliferate.

WildďŹ res

increase

dioxide

levels

carbon in

the

atmosphere, contributing to the greenhouse effect and climate change. In addition, they

generate

destroy nutrients.

ash

and

107

Earthquakes Falla Punta Montalva December 28, 2019 - Increase in seismicity, an event

magnitude

4.7

that

shook

population that had never before experienced a seismic event of this power. Intensities VII or VIII on the modiﬁed mercalli scale, generated by the magnitude 6.4 event of January 7, 2020. These temples and their sequences caused great damage in southern Puerto Rico, with Guánica being the most affected town, causing the collapse of several houses built in columns, walls of the old Spanish lighthouse in Guánica,

roads,

public

buildings and so on.

buildings,

historic

109

Earthquakes

PUNTA MONTALVA FAULT

111

Landslides Susceptible areas to slippage in Guánica: Barrio Caño, Carretera PR-116, Sector Carretera

Monte PR-331,

Pelao, Sector

Ochoa and Carretera PR-333 Slippages

are

caused

mostly by heavy rains and the quakes occurred in the

After 12’ aprox

sector.

Street measurement before sliding was 18’

Images provided by: The Shadows News, Miguel Canals, Fehr Carlo, Awilda Feliciano

113

Cultural Attributes Christian PĂŠrez l Aurelis RĂos l Natalie Figueroa l Ginaira Morales l Jeffrey Crespo l Felix Rodriguez l Eddie Rivera

Character of buildings and neighborhoods Historical resources I Demography Environmental Perception I Land use Tenure and value I Land use regulations Soil qualiďŹ cation I Infrastructure

Land Use Proposed Land Use Plan (POT)

AGUA= “Agua” VIAL= “Vial” SREP= “Suelo Rústico Especialmente Protegido” PF= “Propiedad Federal” SRC=” Suelo Rústico Común” SREP-E= “Suelo Rústico Especialmente protegido” SREP-A= “Suelo Rústico Especialmente protegido” SU= “Suelo Urbano “ SUNP= “Suelo Urbanizable No Programado” SUP= “Suelo Urbanizable Programado”

Land Use Proposed Land Use Plan (POT)

AGUA= “Agua” VIAL= “Vial” PF= “Propiedad Federal” SRC=” Suelo Rústico Común” SREP-E= “Suelo Rústico Especialmente protegido” SREP-A= “Suelo Rústico Especialmente protegido” SU= “Suelo Urbano “ SUNP= “Suelo Urbanizable No Programado” SUP= “Suelo Urbanizable Programado”

Land Use Proposed Land Use Plan (POT)

119

Property Value Consideration Property attributes and improvements ● Value of neighboring properties ● Trafﬁc ● View of natural and built environments ● Accessibility ● Zoning ● Use of current and / or future property ● Nearby amenities Models of economic behavior

● Cost approach ● Value comparison approach ● Income focus

Cost approach ● Estimate the value of the land as if it were vacant and available to develop its highest and best use. ● Estimate the replacement or reproduction costs of existing improvements as of the appraisal date. ● Estimate the amount of accumulated depreciation of the improvements for all possible causes (physical deterioration, functional and / or external obsolescence) ● Subtract the amount of depreciation from the new cost of the improvements to obtain their depreciated value.

Direct cost

Materials and labor Builder hints Builder utility Outsourced

Indirect cost

Projects and engineering Deed, transfer of ownership and valuation Accounting Financial costs Construction stage insurance and tax Administrative expenses commissions

Incentives

Incentives granted by the state and / or municipal government to entrepreneurs.

121

COST OF REINSTITUTE

VALUE

Cost of now construction

Income focus Concept Gross or estimated monthly income

Amount

$100,000

Global deductions (17% or more depending on the use $26,000 of the property. For specialized properties the deductions are between 35% and 45% or more) 26% is applied in this example Net monthly rent (difference between gross monthly rent and deductions)

$74,000

Product or annual income of the property (the monthly net rent is multiplied by 12 months)

$888,000

The capitalization rate is selected between 8% and 12% or more, which is equivalent to 0.08 to 0.12 Estimate the value of a property based on the property's annual net income from the product.

Value for the income capitalization approach is obtained by dividing the annual net income by the capitalization rate of 0.08

$11,100,000

123

Income focus cost of land

Estimate the value of a property based on the property's annual net income from the product.

annual net income

Value comparison approach

Property .A

Estimate the value of a property by comparing it with other properties of the same attributes on the market. The neighboring property is for sale at $ 250,000. This has attributes equal to those of my property, so I can estimate the value of my property based on the value of the neighboring property.

Property .B

● ● ●

● ●

(Add $20,000THIS DEPENDS ON THE COST OF THE UPGRADES)

● ●

PV= 250,00

PV= 230,000 125

Public Infrastructure of Guánica Highway & Streets Primary Highway Highway # 2 is one of the main roads in Puerto Rico since it connects with many towns and it goes around the country, passing through Guanica, Yauco, Guayanilla, Peñuelas, Ponce, Sabana Grande, San German, Hormigueros, Mayaguez , Añasco, aguada, aguadilla, Isabela, camuy, hatillo, arecibo, barceloneta, manati and the metropolitan area. Secondary Street Highway 116 is the second busiest street in Guanica as it connects with areas that are very visited in Guanica, for example the town, cove and other areas. Another reason why this road is very busy is that most of the people who go to Lajas take this route as it saves more time.

Public Infrastructure of Guánica Main Town of Guanica

Background Diagram and Figure

Pedestrian Circulation Diagram

The ﬁrst diagram shows how the vehicle of the town of Guanica circulates speciﬁcally. These streets are also known as the 12 streets.The second diagram shows the circulation of pedestrians in the town

127

Public Infrastructure of Guรกnica Ensenada Guรกnica

Diagram II:Pedestrian Circulation Diagram Many reminders remain on their grounds from its glorious past as a processing center and exporter of sugar.The main historical axis extends through the current highway 3116 to the west ascending to the Montalva and towards the east bordering the bay.

Diagram I: Background Diagram and Figure

128

Public Infrastructure of Guรกnica Playa Santa, Guanica Background Diagram and Figure

Background Diagram and Figure

Pedestrian Circulation Diagram

129

Public Infrastructure of Guánica Caña Gorda, Guanica

Background Diagram and Figure

Public Infrastructure of Guánica Caña Gorda, Guanica

Pedestrian Circulation Diagram 131

Public Infrastructure of Guรกnica

Public Infrastructure of Guánica AAA System Diagram

Diagram of the Sewer System

The town of Guanica has a flood problem of more than 50. Approximately 1,544 buildings are located in the flooded area, 36% are located in the beach sector, 34% in the town area and 29% in the northeast of the town. In an investigation it was possible to know that the water that causes the floods of the town does not come from the river if not by the rainwater that comes down from the hills. The municipality created a flood control project with suction pumps. These suction pumps managed to mitigate the flooding for a while but currently they are not helping, it is even making the problem worse.

Public Infrastructure of Guanica AAA System Diagram

Diagram of the Sewer System

Public Infrastructure of Guanica Playa Santa AAA System Diagram

Diagram of the Sewer System

CaĂąa Gorda AAA System Diagram

Building and Neighborhood Character ● The character of the neighborhood is deﬁned by the typology of its buildings and the perception of it. ● Kevin Lynch), in The Image of the City, proposed a typology to explain how people form cognitive maps, or mental images, of the built environment. The ﬁve functional elements, with examples of each, are as follows: ○ Edges (for example, shorelines, roads, and hedgerows) ○ Paths (for example, streets and walkways) ○ Districts (for example, neighborhoods) ○ Nodes (for example, entrances, plazas, and street and walkway intersections) ○ Landmarks (for example, unique buildings, structures, and natural features)

Kevin Lynch 5 Elements in Guanica Landmarks Nodes Paths Zone #1 Bosque Seco Zone #2Pueblo Zone #3 Ensenada Zone #4 Playa Santa Edges / Districts Carenero Guanica Pueblo Cienaga Ensenada Montalva Cano 137

Edges & Districts

Zone #1

Zone #2

Zone #3

Zone #4

Districts CaĂąo

Cienaga

Carenero

Ensenada

Pueblo

Montalva

Edges

Paths

Secondary Streets Tertiary Streets

139

Nodes

Edges & Districts

Santa Tower

Guanica Sugar Mill

“Piedra Historica”

AEELA

Old Lighthouse

“Fuerte Capron” 141

Building and Neighborhood Character ●

The site’s context must be understood if any new development is to make a positive contribution to the character of the area. This context

includes

the

use,

design,

and

placement of nearby buildings. ●

Common residential building ‘‘types’’ include the following: ○

Single-family and multifamily houses (for example, small footprints, pitched roofs,two stories)

○

Multifamily residential towers (for example, 5 to 12 stories, subdivided living units,retail use of ﬁrst ﬂoor)

○

Mixed-use

residential/commercial

development (for example, ground floor retail or office uses, upper floor residential use, three to five stories, rectanglar and linear footprints)

142 Housing Typology, Guanica PR / North & South Elevations / 25 de Julio Street / Ensenada Sugar Mill Workers Home

Historic Resources ●

●

Cultural resource assessments document the location, quality, and historic significance of buildings and other human-made elements, as well as prior land uses. Historic resources include bridges, buildings, walls, signs, and many other significant structures or elements built in previous eras. Cultural resources also include historic sites, such as forts, battlefields, parks, and archaeological sites. Key Map

143

Historic Resources Zone #1 1. Faro de Guanica

2. Fuerte Capron

Historic Resources Zone #2 3.“La Piedra” 1898

4. Manuel Rodriguez Square

Mesa

5.Art & History Museum

145

Historic Resources Zone #2 6. Maria Luisa Mcdougall School

7. Parroquia San Antonio Abad (1876)

Historic Resources Zone #3

8. Parador 1929

9. Central Guanica

10. “Telegrafo”

147

Historic Resources Zone #3 11. Library

12. Jose Rodriguez Soto School

13. “Club de Artesanos”

Historic Resources Zone #3 14. Mayor House Ruins

15. Old Hospital Ruins

149

Historic Resources Zone Cienaga / Susua Baja 16. Hacienda Maria Antonia Ruins

17. Hacienda Igualdad

18. Hacienda Santa Rita

Demography Studies the volume, growth and characteristics of a group of human population in a given period of time or in its evolution. Demographic trends help us understand the needs and / or preferences of a population.

151

Population POPULATION DECREASE 4.5% - 5.1%

DENSITY 525.4 / miÂ²

Population 2010 census: 19,427

Estimated population 2019: 15,383

DISTRIBUTION Rural 2,187

Urban 17,240

Population by Zones ---- PUEBLO

---

--- ENSENADA ---

3,514

1,705

-- MONTALVA- --

-- -CARENERO- --

3,181

2,670

------ CAÃ&#x2018;O - -----

----- CIENAGA ----

1,788

2,331

-- SUSUA BAJA---

---- --ARENA--- ---

4,242

153

Socio-economic Profile EDUCATION

GENDER COMPOSITION

48.3%

33% 38%

High school diploma

25%

Some university credits

22%

Bachelor degree

51.7%

AGE COMPOSITION

ECONOMY

69% Average age 41.0 - 44.9

31% 63% 82%

0-19__

20-49 _

No high school diploma

50-69 _

70+ _

Employed Unemployed Poverty level Child poverty

Housing TOTAL HOUSING UNITS: 9,666

FAMILY HOUSING UNITS: 72.8%

Housing units In use: 74.7%

Male householder

Female householder

Husband & wife

30%

60%

Housing units Unused: 25.3%

NO FAMILY HOUSING UNITS: 27.2% Male homeowner

50%

Female homeowner

50%

155

Trends PROJECTION 2025

85 +

80 - 84 75 - 79 70 - 74

65 - 69 60 - 64

55 - 59

50 - 54 45 - 49

have

40 - 44 35 - 39

implications in areas such as services to

30 - 34

25 20 15 10

If the trends continue, the population could

reduced,

which

will

families and public education,mainly due to the increase in older adults. Household size will continue to shrink, due to fewer children being born per family and an increase in single-person households.

29 24 19 14

5 - 9

0-4

http://gis.jp.pr.gov/put2015/memorial.html

Perception Perception is carried out through the senses, our ability to see, smell and hear gives us access to extensive information

HWY #116

about our environment.

● Prominent views of natural features

“PUEBLO” “ENSENADA”

add value to the site. Visibility of unsightly features on and off site are also important. ● Noise, or the lack of noise, has a great

“CANA GORDA” “PLAYA SANTA”

impact on how we perceive the environment ● As for odors, if the site is close to industrial or animal conﬁnements, they can affect us. SOUNDS

VIEWS

ODORS 157

Perception Zone 1 “Caña Gorda” HWY #116

Zone 2 “Pueblo”

“PUEBLO” “ENSENADA

“CANA GORDA”

Zone 3 “Ensenada”

“PLAYA SANTA”

Zone 4 “Playa Santa” SOUNDS

VIEWS

ODORS

ZONE 1 - Caña Gorda Key plan

“ENSENADA

HWY #116

“PUEBLO”

“CANA GORDA”

DRY FOREST

“PLAYA SANTA”

PR # 333

Legend:

“PUNTA JACINTO”

Views Scenic route 1) “Caña Gorda” 2) Gilligan Ferry 3) Guanica Lighthouse 4) “Fuerte Caprón”

159

ZONE 1 - Caña Gorda VIEWS FROM PR#333

Key plan DRY FOREST

PR # 333

“PUNTA JACINTO”

Highway PR # 333 in the direction of the dry forest has one of the best scenic views of Guanica because it is a high point you can see the entire coast

ZONE 1 - Caña Gorda GUANICA LIGHTHOUSE

Key plan DRY FOREST

PR # 333

“PUNTA JACINTO”

“FUERTE CAPRON”

These are some of locations that give the Zone of

“Caña Gorda” a sense of

place due to its biological and or cultural value as well as some of the most scenic views 161

ZONE 2 - Pueblo Key plan

HWY #116

HWY # 116 “ENSENADA

“PUEBLO”

“CANA GORDA” “PLAYA SANTA”

25 JULIO ST.

Legend: Sounds Odors views 1. Guanica city hall 2. San Antonio Abad Parish

GUANICA BAY PR #333

3. Art & History Museum 4. Osvaldo Gutiérrez Baseball Stadium 5. “Malecon” Guanica Jetty 6. Pan American Grain

………..RESIDENTIAL…….. COMMERCIAL ,,,,,,, INDUSTRIAL…… RECREATIONAL ---

ZONE 2 - Pueblo BURN RUBBER HWY # 116

Key plan

25 JULIO ST.

GUANICA BAY PR #333

When

entering

highway

116

EARTHQUAKE DAMAGE

towards the town of Guanica there are some unsightly elements that can inï¬&#x201A;uence the way of perceiving the place since they can give a feeling of insecurity, among them a burned rubber and several buildings collapsed due to the earthquakes. 163

ZONE 2 - Pueblo GUANICA CITY HALL HWY # 116

Key plan

25 JULIO ST.

GUANICA BAY PR #333

SAN ANTONIO ABAD PARISH

At both ends of the Manuel Jimenez square are important buildings for the town, the San Antonio Abad Parish and the City hall , which suffered

damage

from

the

earthquakes and will be demolished.

ZONE 2 - Pueblo GUANICA JETTY

Key plan

HWY # 116

25 JULIO ST.

GUANICA BAY PR #333

The Guanica Jetty, despite having

“LA PIEDRA”

historical - cultural and scenic value due to the arrival of the united states troops to guánica and the views of the bay, presents several problems that affect the perception of the place as such as bad smell, lack of shade and in addition water of the bay is polluted 165

ZONE 3 - Ensenada Key plan HWY #116

PR #3116

NORTHWEST BAY

PR #3116

HWY #116

“PUNTA PERA”

GUAYPAO JETTY

NORTHWEST BAY

Legend:

“PUNTA PERA”

Sounds Odors views

GUAYPAO JETTY

1. Central Sugar Mill 2. La joya park 3. “Parque de las ﬂores” 4. Baseball park ………..RESIDENTIAL…….. COMMERCIAL INDUSTRIAL…… RECREATIONAL ………..RESIDENTIAL…….. COMMERCIAL ,,,,,,,,,,,,,, INDUSTRIAL…… RECREATIONAL --- ---

ZONE 3 - Ensenada SUGAR MILL

Key plan HWY #116

PR #3116

NORTHWEST BAY

“PUNTA PERA”

GUAYPAO JETTY

Ensenada has a great historical and cultural value due to the sugar mill that had a great impact on the economy of Puerto Rico today this mill is considered a monument but is in a state of abandonment 167

ZONE 3 - Ensenada GUAYPAO JETTY

Key plan HWY #116

PR #3116

NORTHWEST BAY

“PUNTA PERA”

GUAYPAO JETTY

In the area of Guaypao in Ensenada there is the boardwalk which has scenic views of the bay from there you can see the town but this is where the water remains stagnant so there is a bad smell that gives us a bad perception of the place.

ZONE 4 - Playa Santa Key plan HWY #116

“ENSENADA

“PUEBLO”

“CANA GORDA” “PLAYA SANTA”

CALETA SALINAS

Legend: Odors Views

“PUNTA JOROBADO”

1) Playa Santa Tower

2) “Playa Santa” 3) “Manglillo Chiquito”

………..RESIDENTIAL…….. ………..RESIDENTIAL COMMERCIAL …… ,,,,,,, INDUSTRIAL…… DOTACIONAL - -RECREATIONAL ---

169

ZONE 4 - Playa Santa PLAYA SANTA TOWER

Key plan

“CALETA SALINAS”

“PUNTA JOROBADO”

in “Playa Santa” there are several places

that

offer

uninterrupted

scenic views but there are places where the views have been blocked as well as unsightly elements that affect the perception of the place

Soil Qualification What is QualiďŹ cation? QualiďŹ cation, or zoning, is used to regulate

the

size

the

building,

population density, and the way in which the land can be used. Zoning

recognizes

the

changing

demographics and economic condition of the country and is a key tool in enforcing planning policy.

171

Soil Qualification

“Bosque Estatal Guánica Guanica State”

A-B, Forest Area This conservation district is established to identify the lands with special characteristics for the planting of trees, for the production of wood and for the protection of the soil

Soil Qualification

Guanica - Rio loco watershed

CR, Resource Conservation This conservation district is established to identify portions of farms whose existing characteristics need to be maintained and improved. 173

Soil Qualification

--R-G, Rural General-This district identiďŹ es used areas with recognized potential to be used in agricultural and livestock activities

Soil Qualification

â&#x20AC;&#x153;Finca del Girasolâ&#x20AC;?

-A-P, Agricultural ProductiveThis agricultural district is made up of lands whose continuity in agricultural use is declared of importance for the Island. 175

Soil Qualification

=R-T, Residencial Turístico= It is established to promote orderly, aesthetic and compact development and classify land based on its location and infrastructure. =R-I, Intermediate Residential= This district is established to identify existing residential areas or that can be developed with an intermediate or high population density on soils classiﬁed as urban.

“Maria Antonia”

Soil Qualification

=C-L, Commercial Liviano= To facilitate the location of light commercial uses that are tolerable in residential areas. -C-I, Intense CommercialThis district is established to classify existing business areas or to create new ones that meet the needs of various neighborhoods or residential communities.

“Brisas del Mar”

“Caños pizza

177

Soil Qualification

=I, Industrial= This district is established to identify industries or industrial areas both of a light and heavy character.

Soil Qualification

“Iglesia Pentecostal M.I.

“CDT de Guanica”

D, Endowment This District is established to classify public or private lands occupied or to be occupied with endowment uses. DTS, Selective Tourism Development This district is established to facilitate the location of tourist and recreational projects.

179

ZONE 1 - CaĂąa Gorda Commercial 1.CaĂąa Gorda Mini Market 2.Las Palmas at Copamarina 3.Copamarina Beach Resort & Spa

3 1

Endowment 4

4.Gilligan Ferry

ZONE 2 - Pueblo 8

Commercial 1.Pescaderia Bahia Guánica 2.Papas Asadas Caños Pizza 3.Lucas Spot 4.Caños Pizza 5.La Guagua De La Cafetería Los Cocos 6.Estación de Bomberos 7.McDonald's Guanica 8.Burger King

13 5

12 4

**La imagen puede ser mas grande horizontalmente** pero cuidado si colocan texto 3

Endowment 9.Museo de Guánica 10.Escuela Superior Aurea E. Quiles Claudio 11.Iglesia Adventista Guanica Pueblo 12.CDT de Guánica 13.Departamento de la Familia

181

ZONE 3 - Ensenada Commercial

1.Panadería y Repostería L.A. Rivera 2.Super Colmado Mi Plaza 3.El Turpial 4.La Casita del Pollo 5.Farmacia ProSalud

Endowment 6.Parque de Beisbol Roberto Alberdeston 7.Plaza El Batey 8.Guánica Sugar Mill 9.Club Puertorriqueño Ensenada Guanica

7 6

ZONE 4 - Playa Santa Endowment

1.Playa Escondida 2.Paradise apartments 3.The Dolphin Garden Beach Apartments 4.Playa Santa 5.Playa Santa AEELA Centro Vacacional

4 5

183

Soil Qualification Highway #2---

---- -Highway #116- ----

---- Minor roads = ==

Soil Qualification WATER

**La imagen puede ser mas grande horizontalmente** pero cuidado si colocan texto

Malecรณn de Guรกnica 185

Biological Attributes Miguel Rodríguez | Andrew Cruz | Cristian Cortés

NATURAL INFRASTRUCTURE I WETLANDS WILD LIFE I PLANTS AND VEGETATION

Natural Infrastructure

MANGROVES

“Nature provides effective solutions for minimizing coastal ﬂooding, erosion, and runoff, as do man-made systems that mimic natural processes—known as natural infrastructure. Natural infrastructure approach represents a successful and cost efﬁcient way to protect coastal communities.” -NOAA

WETLANDS

PERMEABLE PATH

GREEN ROOFS

Natural Infrastructure WOODLANDS

GRASSLANDS

CORAL REEFS â&#x20AC;?An ecological community is a naturally occurring group of native plants, animals and other organisms that are interacting in a unique habitat.

DRY FORESTS 189

Natural Infrastructure โ ขThe ecological life zone in which the Municipality of Guรกnica is located is known as Subtropical Dry Forest (Ewel and Whitmore, 1973).

Natural Infrastructure •The forest harbors a flora adapted to very extreme conditions due to the action of wind, saltpeter and the scarcity of water, which limits the growth of vegetation. The flora of the forest can be subdivided into three forests: deciduous, evergreen and thorny. The coastal zone of the forest includes mangroves, species adapted to salt flats and to sandy and rocky beaches.

DECIDUOS

SIEMPRE VERDE

ESPINOSO

MANGROVES

191

Natural Infrastructure •This ecosystem is home to both marine and terrestrial wildlife of great importance. In it, we ﬁnd birds, reptiles, amphibians, insects, ﬁsh, mammals, invertebrates, among others.

Natural Infrastructure โ ขThe most important natural ecosystems are agricultural, forest, coastal and aquatic. The Municipality of Guรกnica contains the four types of natural ecosystems.

AGRICULTURAL

COASTAL

FORESTS

AQUATIC

193

Natural Infrastructure Agricultural According to the 2002 Federal Agricultural Census, Guรกnica has around 6,049 acres of land in agricultural use on 43 farms dedicated to such activity. The main production of these farms is beef cattle, milk and improved pastures.

Natural Infrastructure Forest One of the most important forest reserves in Puerto Rico is the GuĂĄnica State Forest. The forest covers some 10,738.44 acres of land and extends to the municipalities of Yauco, Guayanilla, PeĂąuelas and Ponce. It contains several types of forests: scrub forest, xerophytic limestone forest, deciduous forest and semi-evergreen forest.

195

Natural Infrastructure Coastal Guánica's coastal ecosystem is very diverse. In it we ﬁnd two natural reserves: The Guánica State Forest, and part of the lands of the La Parguera Natural Reserve. Beaches, bioluminescent bays, small sand dunes, limestone rock headlands, coral reefs, seagrass meadows, mangrove swathes, salt ﬂats, wetlands, keys and, among others.

Natural Infrastructure Aquatic The Guรกnica State Forest includes 8 nautical miles and La Parguera at least nine (9) nautical miles offshore. This ecosystem of great ecological value is characterized by having wetlands,bioluminescent bays, numerous coral reefs and a wide variety of marine life species, some in danger of extinction.

197

Natural Infrastructure

Wetlands The world organization Ramsar deďŹ nes a wetland as an ecosystem where the soil is saturated with water, either throughout the year or for varying periods of time during the year. The prolonged presence of water inďŹ&#x201A;uences the development of the soil, the types of plants and animals belonging to the wetland. The wetland is fed by water, be it fresh, brackish or salty. The hydrology (entry and exit of water) of the wetland controls the quantity and quality of the ecosystem.

199

Wetlands MARINE WETLANDS

ESTUARINE WETLANDS

COASTAL LAGOONS

ARTIFICIAL WETLANDS

MANGROVE

PACKAGING

SWAMP

AGRICULTURAL ZONE

CORAL REEF

DELTAS

Wetlands

RIPARIAN WETLANDS

RIVERS

201

Wetlands 2

LEYENDA: 1

MANGROVE

COASTAL LAGOONS

3 CORAL REEF

Wetlands 1

LEYENDA: 1 DELTAS

2 RIVERS AGRICULTURAL 3 )ZONE

203

Wild Life Wildlife refers to animals that have not been domesticated; but this also includes all species of plants and organisms that grow and develop in a natural area, without having been interfered with by humans.

Wild Life

6 9

KEY PLAN

LEYENDA: MARIQUITA (Agelaius xanthomus)

5 6

BIEN-TE-VEO (Vireo latimeri)

CULEBRA CORREDERA (Alsphis portoricensis prymnus)

VIBORA COMUN (Typhlops richardi platycephalus) PITERRE (Tyrannus dominicensis)

JUDIO (Crotophaga ani)

ZORZAL PARDO (Margarops fuscatus) MUCARO DE SABANA (Asio ﬂammeus) BECASINA (Gallinago gallinago) PÁJARO BOBO PICO AMARILLO (Coccyzus americanus)

205

Wild Life

KEY PLAN LEGEND: 1

PELICANO PARDO (Pelecanus occidentalis) GARZA REAL (Ardea alba) GAVIOTA PIQUIAGUADA (Sterna sandvicensis) PLAYERO MARITIMO (Charadrius wilsonia) PLAYERO ALIBLANCO (Catoptrophorus semipalmatus) AGUILA DE MAR (Anas discors)

PLAYERO MELODICO (Charadrius Melodus)

4 1

PLAYERO BLANCO (Charadrius alexandrinus)

GAVIOTA CHICA (Sterna antillarum)

PALOMETA (Sterna dougallii dougallii)

CAREY (Eretmochelys imbricata) TINGLAR (Brachiacelys coriacea)

1 0 7

6 12

Plants / Vegetation 9

KEY PLAN AQUATIC

AGRICULTURAL 06

FOREST

COASTAL

LEYENDA: 01

FLAMBOYAN (Delonix regia)

02 GUAYACAN (Guaiacum ofямБcinalis) 03 PALMA DE COCO (Coccos nucifera) HABICHUELA PLAYERA 04 (Canavalia rosea)

MALVAVISCO (Corchorus hirsutus)

06 SEBUCAN (Cephalocereus royeni)

207

Plants / Vegetation

KEY PLAN AQUATIC

AGRICULTURAL

FOREST

COASTAL 06

LEGEND: 01

MANGLE NEGRO (Avicennia germinans) MANGLE BLANCO (Laguncularia racemosa)

MANGLE ROJO (Rhizophora mangle)

MANGLE BOTON (Conocarpuserectusphora mangle)

ALGODON (Gossypium barbadense)

MELOCACTUS (Melocactus intortus)

05 03

Plants / Vegetation

KEY PLAN AQUATIC

LEGEND: 01

GREEN ALGAE (Chlorophyta)

209

Wild Life AGUILA DE MAR (Anas discors) PATO ZARCEL (Anas discors)

GARZA REAL (Ardea alba)

PLAYERO MELODICO (Charadrius Melodus)

PLAYERO MARITIMO (Charadrius wilsonia) PLAYERO ALIBLANCO (Catoptrophorus semipalmatus) PLAYERO BLANCO (Charadrius alexandrinus)

FISH

Crustaceans

Aquatic Insects Aquatic Insects

JellyďŹ sh

Anemones

Wild Life

FISH

Crustaceans

Aquatic Insects Aquatic Insects

JellyďŹ sh

Anemones

PELICANO PARDO (Pelecanus occidentalis) VIUDA (Himantopus mexicanus) GAVIOTA PIQUIAGUADA (Sterna sandvicensis) PALOMETA (Sterna dougallii

PLAYERO MARITIMO (Charadrius wilsonia)

TINGLAR (Brachiacelys coriacea) CAREY (Eretmochelys imbricata)

211

Wild Life Reptiles

ZORZAL PARDO (Margarops fuscatus) MUCARO DE SABANA (Asio ﬂammeus) GARZA REAL (Ardea alba)

BECASINA (Gallinago gallinago))

JUDIO (Crotophaga ani))

PITERRE (Tyrannus dominicensis) PÁJARO BOBO PICO AMARILLO (Coccyzus

Mammal

Amphibians

Aquatic Insects

Wild Life Reptiles

Mammal

Amphibians

Aquatic Insects

Invasive

BIEN-TE-VEO (Vireo latimeri) CULEBRA CORREDERA (Alsphis portoricensis prymnus) GARZA REAL (Ardea alba)

JICOTEA DE P.R. (Trahemys stejnegeri)

213

Wild Life MARIQUITA (Agelaius xanthomus) GUABAIRO PEQUEÑO DE P.R. (Caprimulgus octitherus) ZUMBADORCITO DE P.R (Chlorostilbon maugaeus) ( Hembra) PÁJARO BOBO PICO AMARILLO (Coccyzus americanus) PLAYERO BLANCO (Charadrius alexandrinus) PAJARO BOBO MENOR (Coccyzus minor) JUDIO (Crotophaga ani))

Insects

Worms

Flying Insects

Spider

Larvae

Wild Life

Insects

Worms

Flying Insects

Spider

Larvae

REINITA RECHIDORADA (Parula americana)

REINITA ANARANJADA (Protonotaria citrea) PAJARO BOBO MAYOR (Saurothera vieilloti)) PALOMETA (Sterna dougallii dougallii) GAVIOTA PIQUIAGUADA (Sterna sandvicensis)

GOLONDRINA DE HORQUILLA (Hirundo rustica) BOBITO (Contopus portoricensis))

215

Wild Life JULIAN CHIVI (Vireo altiloquus) BIEN-TE-VEO (Vireo latimeri)

CANARIO DE MANGLE (Dendroica petechia) SAN PEDRITO (Todus mexicanus) CARPINTERO DE PUERTO RICO (Melanerpes portoricensis) RUISEÃ&#x2018;OR (Mimus polyglottos) JICOTEA DE P.R. (Trahemys stejnegeri)

Insects

Worms

Flying Insects

Spider

Larvae

Wild Life

Seed

Fruit

Grain

Vegetables

Flowers

Aquatic plants

TORTOLA CARDOSANTERA (Zenaida aurita) JULIAN CHIVI (Vireo altiloquus)

BIEN-TE-VEO (Vireo latimeri)

TORTOLA ALIBLANCA (Zenaida asiatica) REINITA ANARANJADA (Protonotaria citrea)

REINA MORA (Spindalis portoricensis) PALOMA CABECIBLANCA (Patagioenas leucocephala)

217

Wild Life GALLARETA COMUN (Gallinula chloropus) REINITA MARIPOSERA (Dendroica adelaidae) CANARIO DEL PAÍS (Euphonia musica

ZUMBADORCITO DE P.R (Chlorostilbon maugaeus) ( Macho) COMEÑAME DE PUERTO RICO (Loxigilla portoricensis) GALLINAZO AMERICANO (Fulica americana) PALOMA PERDIZ AUREA (Geotrygon chrysia)

Seed

Fruit

Grain

Vegetables

Flowers

Aquatic plants

Wild Life

Seed

Fruit

Grain

Vegetables

Flowers

Aquatic plants

GALLARETA COMUN (Gallinula chloropus) REINITA MARIPOSERA (Dendroica adelaidae) CANARIO DEL PAÍS (Euphonia musica

ZUMBADORCITO DE P.R (Chlorostilbon maugaeus) ( Macho) COMEÑAME DE PUERTO RICO (Loxigilla portoricensis) GALLINAZO AMERICANO (Fulica americana) PALOMA PERDIZ AUREA (Geotrygon chrysia)

219

Wild Life

In danger of

Migratory

Native

Endemic

Invasive

extinction

NAME MARIQUITA (Agelaius xanthomus)

SEASON

N/A

FOOD

TYPE OF

Beetles, caterpillars, moths,

VEGETATION

crickets, earwigs, wasps, ï¬&#x201A;ies,

CONSUMED

spiders, and sometimes a seed or snail

PATO ZARCEL (Anas discors)

AUGUST/ SEPTEMBER

Vegetation, insects, and aquatic crustaceans and also from crop seeds.

GARZA REAL (Ardea alba)

N/A

Fish, frogs, small mammals small birds and reptiles.

PATO QUIJADA COLORADA (Anas bahamensis)

N/A

Invertebrates, seeds, algae

Wild Life

In danger of

Migratory

Native

Endemic

Invasive

extinction

NAME

SEASON

MUCARO DE SABANA (Asio ﬂammeus)

GUABAIRO PEQUEÑO DE P.R. (Caprimulgus octitherus)

AURA TIÑOSA (Cathartes aura)

PLAYERO ALIBLANCO (Catoptrophorus semipalmatus)

N/A

FOOD

Type of fruit and seed

can consume Mammals, reptiles and large insects

Flying insects

Scavenger N/A

Crabs, ﬁsh,

Winter/ Spring United State

mollusks, isopods in aquatic insects

221

Wild Life

In danger of

Migratory

Native

Endemic

Invasive

extinction

NAME PLAYERO MARITIMO (Charadrius wilsonia)

ZUMBADORCITO DE P.R (Chlorostilbon maugeus)

FOOD

SEASON

Crabs, ﬁsh, mollusks, N/A

isopods in insects

N/A

• Female insects and spiders • Male nectar Beetles, grasshoppers,

PÁJARO BOBO PICO AMARILLO (Coccyzus americanus)

PLAYERO MELODICO (Charadrius melodus)

cicadas, small lizards N/A

of the genus Anolis, frogs, bird eggs and fruits.

Crabs, ﬁsh, FALL

mollusks, isopods in aquatic insects

Type of fruit and seed can consume

Wild Life

In danger of

Migratory

Native

Endemic

Invasive

extinction

NAME PLAYERO BLANCO (Charadrius alexandrinus)

SEASON

FOOD

Type of fruit and seed can consume

Crabs, ﬁsh, mollusks, N/A

isopods in aquatic insects

Butterﬂy larvae, also PAJARO BOBO MENOR (Coccyzus minor)

N/A

grasshoppers, mantises, beetles, cockroaches, and mosquitoes

ROLITA (Columbina passerina)

REINITA COMUN (Coereba ﬂaveola)

Seeds, special grass, N/A

herbs, small crop grains, fruits, berries.

N/A

Flowers of large trees, vines, and herbaceous plants.

223

Wild Life

In danger of

Migratory

Native

Endemic

Invasive

extinction

NAME BOBITO (Contopus portoricensis)

JUDIO (Crotophaga ani)

SEASON

N/A

REINITA MARIPOSERA (Dendroica adelaidae)

N/A

CANARIO DE MANGLE (Dendroica petechia)

WINTER

FOOD

PLACE

Insects

Grasshoppers, spiders, centipedes, small snakes, lizards and frogs, fruits and seeds.

Insects, fruits and seeds

Insects and spiders

Nest in mangrove

Type of fruit and seed can consume

Wild Life

In danger of

Migratory

Native

Endemic

Invasive

extinction

NAME CANARIO DEL PAĂ?S (Euphonia musica)

GALLINAZO AMERICANO (Fulica americana)

FOOD

SEASON

Type of fruit and seed can consume

Hemp or Niger seeds N/A

N/A

Algae, aquatic plants, aquatic plants, grass and seeds.

BECASINA (Gallinago gallinago)

PATO QUIJADA COLORADA (Anas bahamensis)

Mammals, reptiles and INVIERNO

INVIERNO

large insects

Algae, aquatic plants, aquatic plants, grass and seeds

225

Wild Life

In danger of

Migratory

Native

Endemic

Invasive

extinction

Type of fruit and seed NAME PALOMA PERDIZ AUREA (Geotrygon chrysia)

VIUDA (Himantopus mexicanus)

GOLONDRINA DE HORQUILLA (Ardea alba)

SEASON

N/A

WINTER

FOOD Seeds, fruits and small invertebrates

Aquatic insects and other small invertebrates

Flies, grasshoppers, WINTER

crickets, dragonï¬&#x201A;ies, beetles, moths and other insects

GOLONDRINA DE CUEVA (Anas bahamensis)

N/A

Insect

can consume

Wild Life

In danger of

Migratory

Native

Endemic

Invasive

extinction

NAME TURPIAL (Icterus icterus)

COMEÑAME DE PUERTO RICO (Loxigilla portoricensis)

ZORZAL PARDO (Margarops fuscatus)

CARPINTERO DE PUERTO RICO (Melanerpes portoricensis)

SEASON

FOOD

Type of fruit and seed can consume

Insects, fruit, eggs, and N/A

N/A

other smaller birds

Seeds, fruits, ﬂower buds, insects and spiders

N/A

Large insects, but also fruit and berry insects, lizards, frogs, small crabs, and other bird eggs and chicks.

Larvae of beetles, earwigs, ants and other insects 227

Wild Life

In danger of

Migratory

Native

Endemic

Invasive

extinction

NAME RUISEÑOR

(Mimus polyglottos)

PATO CHORIZO (Oxyura jamaicensis)

FOOD

SEASON

N/A

INVIERNO

Weevils, caterpillars, bees, wasps and dragonﬂies.

Small ﬁsh, water spikes, reeds, Russian truncheon, foxtails and grasses, larval insects

GARZA REAL (Ardea alba)

N/A

AGUILA DE MAR (Pandion haliaetus)

N/A

Weevils, caterpillars, bees, wasps and dragonﬂies

Fish

Type of fruit and seed can consume

Wild Life

In danger of

Migratory

Native

Endemic

Invasive

extinction

NAME

FOOD

SEASON

Caterpillars, ï¬&#x201A;ies, bed bugs, REINITA RECHIDORADA (Parula americana)

PALOMA CABECIBLANCA (Patagioenas leucocephala)

N/A

Type of fruit and seed can consume

beetles, borers, spiders, larvae, and arthropod egg masses

N/A

Fruit.

Fish

PELICANO PARDO (Pelecanus occidentalis)

N/A

REINITA ANARANJADA (Protonotaria citrea)

N/A

Insects, fruits and nectar. 229

Wild Life

In danger of

Migratory

Native

Endemic

Invasive

extinction

NAME GAVIOTA CHICA (Sterna antillarum)

PALOMETA (Sterna dougallii dougallii)

FOOD

SEASON Fish April a September

April / Octobre

Small ďŹ sh, crustaceans, mollusks and a few insects

GAVIOTA PIQUIAGUADA (Sterna sandvicensis)

N/A

CHAMORRO NEGRO (Tiaris bicolor)

N/A

Insects, worms marine, small squid, leeches and marine worms.

Grass seeds, fruits

Type of fruit and seed can consume

Wild Life

In danger of

Migratory

Native

Endemic

Invasive

extinction

NAME SAN PEDRITO (Todus mexicanus)

PITERRE (Tyrannus dominicensis)

FOOD

SEASON

Type of fruit and seed can consume

Grass seeds, N/A

N/A

fruits

Spiders, centipedes, scorpions, coquÃes and lizards.

JULIAN CHIVI (Vireo altiloquus)

N/A

Insects and berries

BIEN-TE-VEO (Vireo latimeri)

N/A

Insects, fish, reptiles and fruits. 231

Wild Life

In danger of

Migratory

Native

Endemic

Invasive

extinction

Type of fruit and seed NAME TORTOLA ALIBLANCA (Zenaida asiatica)

TORTOLA CARDOSANTERA (Zenaida aurita)

PAJARO BOBO MAYOR (Saurothera vieilloti)

FOOD

SEASON

N/A

Seeds, small fruits and small berries.

Fruits, seeds and grains

Beetles, spiders, caterpillars and stick insects, lizards.

REINA MORA (Spindalis portoricensis)

N/A

can consume

Fruit of schefï¬&#x201A;era morototoni trees, Cecropia schreberiana Cordia sulcata

Wild Life

In danger of

Migratory

Native

Endemic

Invasive

extinction

NAME GEKO (Sphaerodactylus nicholsi))

SALAMANQUESA BARREADA (Phyllodactylus w. wirshingi)

TORTOLA ALIBLANCA (Zenaida asiatica

SIGUANA RABO AZUL (Ameiva wetmorei)

SEASON

N/A

FOOD

Type of fruit and seed can consume

Melanogaster fruit ﬂies, springtails, and small dwarf

233

Wild Life

In danger of

Migratory

Native

Endemic

Invasive

extinction

NAME SIGUANA (Ameiva exsul)

LAGARTIJO JARDINERO (Anolis pulchellus)

SEASON

N/A

FOOD Melanogaster fruit ï¬&#x201A;ies, springtails, and small dwarf

Insectos y bayas N/A

Insectos y bayas

LAGARTIJO JARDINERO DEL SUR (Anolis poncensis)

N/A

LAGARTIJO (Anolis cristatellus)

N/A

Insects

Type of fruit and seed can consume

Wild Life

In danger of

Migratory

Native

Endemic

Invasive

extinction

NAME LAGARTIJO MANCHADO (Anolis stratulus)

LAGARTIJO DEL SECO (Anolis cooki)

FOOD

SEASON

N/A

Type of fruit and seed can consume

Insects

Insects .

CULEBRA CORREDERA (Alsphis portoricensis prymnus)

N/A

VIBORA COMUN (Typhlops richardi platycephalus)

N/A

Insects, Mammal

Insects, Mammal 235

Wild Life

In danger of

Migratory

Native

Endemic

Invasive

extinction

NAME CULEBRITA CIEGA DEL SECO (Ameiva exsul)

FOOD

SEASON

N/A

Insects, Mammal

Type of fruit and seed can consume

Wild Life

In danger of

Migratory

Native

Endemic

Invasive

extinction

NAME JICOTEA DE P.R. (Trachemys stejnegeri)

CAREY (Eretmochelys imbricata)

FOOD

SEASON

can consume

Insects, Algae

N/A

APRIL to NOVEMBER

Type of fruit and seed

Sponges, jellyﬁsh, sea anemones, mollusks, ﬁsh, seaweed

. TINGLAR (Brachiacelys coriacea)

PEJE BLANCO (Chelonia mydas)

FEBRUARY to JULY

JULY to DECEMBER

All kind of Jellyﬁsh

Sea Algae

237

Plants - Vegetation Plants ● A living organism that grows without being able to move, especially one that grows ﬁxed to the ground and feeds on mineral salts and carbon dioxide that it absorbs through the roots or through the pores of the leaves.

● A plant can be a plant organism, an industrial facility, a part of the body, a picture of a person or a drawing of the horizontal section of a building or each of its ﬂoors or levels, among other things.

● A plant is an organic being that lives and grows, but without changing its place by voluntary impulse

Plants - Vegetation Trees ● Plant with a woody, thick and high trunk that branches off at a certain height from the ground, forming the crown. ● A tree is a perennial plant, made up of a woody trunk of a certain elevation, which branches into a crown. The word, as such, comes from the Latin arbor, arboris. ● Trees are around most of us. They grow in the wild and are grown in yards, parks, and even along the median of streets to provide shade and beauty.

239

Plants - Vegetation NAME CHICHARRON (Comocladia dodonea))

Thorny

Evergreen

SEASON EARLY SPRING

Deciduous

FRUIT YES

FLOWER YES

(POISON)

TACHUELO (Pictetia aculeata)

AROMA (Acacia farnesiana)

TINTILLO (Randia aculeata)

SUMMER

DRY

EARLY SPRING

Mangrove

YES

Agriculture

Type of fruit and seed can consume

Plants - Vegetation NAME SEBUCAN (Cephalocereus royeni)

MELOCACTUS (Melocactus intortus)

MANGLE BLANCO (Laguncularia racemosa)

MANGLE ROJO (Rhizophora mangle)

Thorny

Evergreen

SEASON EARLY SPRING

TROPICAL

SUMMER FALL

Deciduous

FRUIT

Mangrove

FLOWER

Agriculture

Type of fruit and seed can consume

YES

241

Plants - Vegetation NAME MANGLE NEGRO (Avicennia germinans)

MANGLE BOTON (Conocarpuserectusphora mangle)

UCAR (Bucida buceras)

TEA (Amyris elemifera)

Thorny

Deciduous

Evergreen

SEASON MOIST

SUMMER FALL

DRY

LATESPING/ EARLY SPRING

FRUIT NO

Mangrove

FLOWER NO

YES

Agriculture

Type of fruit and seed can consume

Plants - Vegetation

243

Plants - Vegetation NAME GUAYACAN (Guaiacum ofďŹ cinalis)

ESCOBA BABOSA (Bastardia viscosa)

BEJUCOS BELLISIMA (Antigonon leptopus)

PICHONA (Abutilon umbellatum)

Thorny

Evergreen

SEASON SECA

N/A

WINTER OR DRY

N/A

Deciduous

FRUIT YES

Mangrove

FLOWER YES

YES

Agriculture

Type of fruit and seed can consume

Plants - Vegetation NAME

Thorny

Evergreen

SEASON

Deciduous

FRUIT

FLOWER

ROBLE DE GUAYO (Bourreria virgata)

WINTER OR DRY

YES

TOSTON (Boerhavia diffusa)

RAINY

YES

PEGA POLLO (Boerhavia scandens)

PALO DE VACA (Bourreria succulenta)

SUMMER FALL

Mangrove

Agriculture

Type of fruit and seed can consume

245

Plants - Vegetation NAME

Thorny

Deciduous

Evergreen

SEASON

FRUIT

FLOWER

GRAMINEA (Bouteloua juncea)

SPRING

MATO DE PLAYA (Caesalpinia bonduc)

DRY

YES

HABICHUELA PLAYERA (Canavalia rosea)

YERBA DE SALINAS (Cenchrus ciliaris)

SPRING

RAINY

Mangrove

Agriculture

Type of fruit and seed can consume

Plants - Vegetation

247

Plants - Vegetation

249

Plants - Vegetation NAME CADILLO (Cenchrus echinatus)

BOTON DE ORO (Clerodendron aculeatum)

PALMA DE COCO (Coccos nucifera

MALVAVISCO (Corchorus hirsutus)

Thorny

Evergreen

SEASON

Deciduous

FRUIT

Mangrove

FLOWER NO

N/A

YES

RAINY

YES

RAINY

N/A

Agriculture

Type of Animal can consume

Plants - Vegetation NAME FLAMBOYAN (Delonix regia)

CANDELABRO (Euphoria lactea)

ALGODON (Gossypium barbadense)

TEA PRIETA (Exostema caribaea)

Thorny

Evergreen

SEASON DRY

COLD

N/A

Deciduous

FRUIT YES

Mangrove

FLOWER

Agriculture

Type of Animal can consume

YES

251

Plants - Vegetation NAME BEJUCO DE PLAYA (Ipomoea pescaprae)

JAZMIN DE CANARLO (Jasminum ï¬&#x201A;uminense)

POLEO (Lantana involucrata)

ZARCILLA (Leucaena glauca)

Thorny

SEASON DRY

SPRING

N/A

DRY

Deciduous

Evergreen

FRUIT

Mangrove

FLOWER YES

YES

Agriculture

Type of Animal can consume

Plants - Vegetation NAME SALTARIN (Opuntia repens)

ALPARGATA (Opuntia moniliformis))

BRETONICA (Melochia tomentosa)

PALO DE RAYO (Parkinsonia aculeata)

Thorny

Evergreen

SEASON DRY

FALL

N/A

Deciduous

FRUIT YES

Mangrove

Agriculture

FLOWER YES

YES

253

Plants - Vegetation NAME PALO DE RAYO (Parkinsonia aculeata)

YERBA DE GUINEA (Panicum maximum)

YERBA ROSADA (Melinis repens

Moral white manjack (Cordia sulcata)

Thorny

SEASON N/A

Deciduous

Evergreen

FRUIT NO

FLOWER YES

FALL

SPRING TO FALL

YES

FALL

Mangrove

Agriculture

Type of Animal can consume

Plants - Vegetation NAME Yagrumo (Hembra) (Cecropia Schreberiana)

Yagrumo (macho) (Schefï¬&#x201A;era morototoni )

AROMA (Acacia farnesiana)

PEPPER (Capsicum annuum))

Thorny

Evergreen

SEASON DRY

FALL

DRY

FALL

Deciduous

FRUIT YES

Mangrove

FLOWER

Agriculture

Type of Animal can consume

YES

255

Plants - Vegetation NAME PLAINTAIN (Musa Ã&#x2014; paradisiaca)

TACHUELO (Pictetia aculeata)

PUMPKIN (Cucurbita maxima)

RICE (Oryza sativa)

Thorny

Evergreen

SEASON SPRING

IN THE MIDDLE OF THE WINTER

FALL

SPRING

Deciduous

FRUIT YES

Mangrove

FLOWER NO

YES

Agriculture

Type of Animal can consume

Plants - Vegetation NAME WATERMELON (Citrullus lanatus)

SUNFLOWER (Helianthus annuus)

GRAPE (Vitis vinifera)

MUSHROOMS (Pleurotus ostreatus)

Thorny

Evergreen

SEASON SUMMER

SUMMER

BEGINNIG OF WINTER

SPRING

Deciduous

FRUIT YES

Mangrove

FLOWER

Agriculture

Type of Animal can consume

YES

257

Plants - Vegetation NAME CABBAGE (Brassica oleracea var. capitata)

ARUGULAS (Eruca sativa)

PINEAPPLE (Ananas comosus)

BANANA (Musa Ã&#x2014; paradisiaca)

Thorny

SEASON FALL AND WINTER

SPRING AND FALL

WINTER

DRY

Deciduous

Evergreen

Mangrove

FRUIT

FLOWER

YES

Agriculture

Type of Animal can consume

Plants - Vegetation NAME PAPAYA (Carica papaya)

Thorny

Evergreen

SEASON WINTER

Deciduous

FRUIT YES

Mangrove

FLOWER

Agriculture

Type of Animal can consume

YES

(POISON)

PICKLES (Cucumis sativus)

CORIANDER (Coriandrum sativum)

PITAHAYA (Hylocereus undatus)

SUMMER

YES

SPRING

YES

FALL

259

Plants - Vegetation NAME

Thorny

SEASON

PASSION FRUIT (Panicum maximum)

FALL

ONION (Allium cepa)

SPRING

Deciduous

Evergreen

FRUIT NO

YES

Mangrove

FLOWER YES

Agriculture

Type of Animal can consume

NATURAL INFRASTRUCTURE I WETLANDS WILD LIFE I PLANTS AND VEGETATION

SWOT Analysis

ZONE 1 : CaÃ±a Gorda I ZONE 2: Pueblo ZONE 3: Ensenada I ZONE 4: Playa Santa

ZONE 1: Caña Gorda Miguel Rodríguez | Andrew Cruz | Cristian Cortés

Strengths.W.O.T. WETLANDS In the area of CaĂąa Gorda there are wetlands that help protect the ecosystem from erosions by the sea and high tide, it also helps to create a habitat for many species of animals and kayaks and see species of animals.

MANGROVE

MUD FLATS

Strengths.W.O.T.

Caña Gorda

Caña Gorda Beach A wide assortment of activities awaits those who visit Caña Gorda Beach. Entrance to the beach is free and parking is available for visitors. Managed and supervised by “National Parks of Puerto Rico”

Green Areas

Gazebos

Sunbathing Jet Ski

Hotel

Volleyball

Diving Fishing Boat Rides

Restrooms

Kayak

Shallow Areas

Lifeguard

Windsurﬁng

267

Strengths.W.O.T. Caña Gorda Beach

Scenic View Spots in Caña Gorda Beach

Strengths.W.O.T.

Caña Gorda

Jaboncillo Beach Limestone cliffs and dry forests surround the area. Belongs to the state forest of Guánica (Dry Forest). Green Areas Volleyball Sunbathing Jet Ski Shallow Areas Diving Fishing Boat Rides

Rocky Shores Kayak Windsurﬁng

269

Strengths.W.O.T. Jaboncillo Beach

Scenic View Spots in Jaboncillo Beach

Strengths.W.O.T.

Caña Gorda

Ballenas Beach Part of the Guanica State Forest and Biosphere Reserve. Shores may be calm or wild depending on the weather. Green Areas

Sunbathing Jet Ski

Diving Fishing Boat Rides

Carey Nesting

Volleyball Lifeguard

Kayak Windsurﬁng

271

Strengths.W.O.T. Ballenas Beach

Scenic View Spots in Ballenas Beach

Strengths.W.O.T.

CaĂąa Gorda

Gilligan Island An attractive place for local and foreign tourists. A ferry takes visitors from Punta Jacinto to this island. Visitors can spend the day and must return during noon.

Restrooms

Green Areas

Sunbathing Jet Ski

Volleyball

Diving Fishing Boat Rides

Mangroves

Kayak WindsurďŹ ng

273

Strengths.W.O.T. Gilligan Island

Scenic View Spots in Gilligan Beach

Strengths.W.O.T.

Caña Gorda

Tamarindo Beach A small beach with calm waves, ideal for a relaxing day.

Restrooms

Green Areas

Sunbathing Jet Ski

Volleyball

Diving Fishing Boat Rides

Mangroves

Kayak Windsurﬁng

275

Strengths.W.O.T. Tamarindo Beach

Scenic View Spots in Tamarindo Beach

Strengths.W.O.T.

Caña Gorda

Fuerte Caprón Built in the 16th century by the Spanish and later repurposed by U.S. troops after the Spanish-American war.

Fuerte Capron

277

Strengths.W.O.T. Copamarina Beach Resort Built in 1961 on the site of a former coconut plantation, the Copamarina Beach Resort is located in a remote and private setting occupying 20 acres along a half-mile stretch of beach fronting the Caribbean.

Scenic Views

Pool

Guest Rooms CAĂ&#x2018;A GORDA BEACH

Facade

Strengths.W.O.T.

Caña Gorda

Guánica Lighthouse The Guánica lighthouse entered service in 1893. It was designed by José María Sainz and built in Punta Meseta, just east of the entrance to the Guánica port.

GUANICA LIGHTHOUSE

279

S.Weakness.O.T. CaĂąa Gorda Beach

The road 333 street has only one road access to the CaĂąa Gorda beach

Mangroves are great marine ecosystems but one of their weaknesses is when sargassum and other biological things remain stagnant at the bottom of the sea, they rot and create a bad smell

S.Weakness.O.T.

CaĂąa Gorda Beach Jaboncillo only has one exit, which is 333 street in case of an escape due to Tsunami or landslide event is a danger fact to the people of the community.

281

S.Weakness.O.T.

CaĂąo

Gorda

Beach

Copamarina only has one exit, which is 333 street in case of an escape due to Tsunami or landslide event is a danger fact to the people of the community.

S.Weakness.O.T.

CaĂąa Gorda

Punta Jacinto only has one exit, which is 333 street in case of an escape due to Tsunami or landslide event is a danger

fact

people

the the

community.

283

S.Weakness.O.T.

Ballena Beach only has one exit, which is 333 street in case of an escape due to Tsunami or landslide event is a danger fact to the people of the community.

S.Weakness.O.T.

CaĂąa Gorda

285

S.Weakness.O.T.

Mangroves are great marine ecosystems but one of their weaknesses is when sargassum and other biological things remain stagnant at the bottom of the sea, they rot and create a bad smell

S.W.Opportunities.T. Caña Gorda Beach

Caña Gorda

Scenic View Spots in Caña Gorda Beach

287

S.W.Opportunities.T. Caña Gorda Beach Scenic View

Caña Gorda Beach

St. 333

Guanica dry forest

S.W.Opportunities.T.

CaĂąa Gorda

Primary route Existing route

Secondary route

Legend: Existing route Primary route Secondary route

289

S.W.O.Threats

Road 333 serves as the only road in the CaĂąa Gorda area.

Road 333 is susceptible to becoming a threat to nearby drivers if landslides occur.

S.W.O.Threats

CaĂąa Gorda

Road 333, Guanica Puerto Rico. 291

ZONE 2: Pueblo Natalie Figueroa | Christian Pérez | Aurelis Rios | Ariana Caquías

Strengths.W.O.T. Connection to HWY #116 & PR #333 Agriculture Dotacional program

Historical value

â&#x20AC;&#x153;Villa pesqueraâ&#x20AC;?

Tourism

Proximity to the port

Bay view

Reticular organization

Strengths.W.O.T.

Pueblo

Connection to HWY #116 & PR #333

295

Strengths.W.O.T. Dotacional program

Strengths.W.O.T.

Pueblo

Historical value

297

Strengths.W.O.T. “Villa pesquera”

Strengths.W.O.T.

Pueblo

Bay view

299

Strengths.W.O.T. Agriculture

Strengths.W.O.T.

Pueblo

Reticular organization

301

S.Weakness.O.T. Urban development boundary Limited possibility of development in the urban center due to the high percentage of the land for agricultural use, ﬂoodable or dedicated to the Forest Agricultural Use High risk ﬂood zone Bosque Seco

Building Abandoned:

There are several reasons why people leave Guanica and leave buildings abandoned: ● Immigration of the population ● Buildings affected by natural disasters Total of Living Places:

● Housing units in use: 74.7% ● Unused housing units: 25.3%

S.Weakness.O.T.

Education:

Pueblo

Open Schools: 2010

2019

2020

Decreasing Population: Poulation: 2010

2019

19,427

15,383

Poverty: Higher than poverty level: 39% Bellow poverty level: 61%

Unemployment: Employed: 31% Unemployed: 69% 303

S.Weakness.O.T.

Infrastructure: The ďŹ&#x201A;ood control system is currently not working as it should. Due to this in the town of Guanica ďŹ&#x201A;oods occur every time a storm comes. The pump drains are already almost at sea level and the system is not big enough to address the problem.

Lack of maintenance or interest in historic structures Guanica is one of the towns with the most history in Puerto Rico, but it is not properly appreciated and cared for, leaving any of these in total abandonment. An example is the Guanica Lighthouse which was abandoned during the years and today only the ruins remain.

S.W.Opportunities.T.

Pueblo

Recreation and sports

A baseball stadium and basketball arena that could be restored, bikeway

Soil qualiďŹ cation Commercial, public space.

residential

and

Use empty lots Food Market

Encourage local agriculture by offering citizens and farm owners a place to sell/buy goods. 305

S.W.Opportunities.T.

Pista Atletica

Recreation and Sports

Coliseum Mariano "Tito" RodrĂguez & Estadio Osvaldo Gutierrez

Court #2 Agripina School Court

Court #1

307

S.W.Opportunities.T.

Education

Aurea E. Quiles Claudio High School

Escuela Elemental MarĂa Luisa McDougall

Escuela Intermedia Agripina Seda

S.W.Opportunities.T.

Parque Centenario

Parks

Pueblo

Plaza Manuel Jiménez

Parque Infantíl de Guánica

Parque Pasivo Sylvia Castro Alicea

309

S.W.Opportunities.T.

Restaurant

Burguer King

Canos Pizza

Trasiego Rest.

Bakery Fenix

Food Market

Parque Pasivo Sylvia Castro Alicea

Brisas del Mar

S.W.Opportunities.T.

(PUEBLO)

Restaurant

Pueblo

PR- 333 CLL- 332

25th July

Pescado

311

S.W.Opportunities.T. Soil QualiďŹ cation Commercial, residential and public space. Residential

Commercial

Dotacional

S.W.O.Threats

Pueblo

Extremely susceptible to floods in the area. A flood event can flood more than 80% of the village.

Area extremely exposed to structural damage due to earthquakes of the Punta Montalva fault

Polluted bay, toxic waste

Extremely exposed to sea level rise and ﬂoods in the area

313

S.W.O.Threats

80%

Extremely susceptible to tsunami, sea level rise and floods in the area. A flood event can flood more than 80% of the village.

S.W.O.Threats

Pueblo

Flooding in the village of Guánica, these can be caused by heavy rains, tropical storms, hurricanes and tsunamis. The village area has the cause of the crazy river which signiﬁcantly affects the village when it overﬂows.

MALECÓN

HURRICANE ELOISA FLOOD DAMAGE SECTOR FUIG

Images provided by: Gloria Lopez, Amiko Garcia, Wilmary Rivera Rios, Lourdes Rodriguez

315

S.W.O.Threats

Extremely

exposed

structural

damage due to earthquakes of the Punta Montalva fault, causing the collapse of several houses built in columns, walls of the old lighthouse in Guรกnica,

roads,

public

buildings,

historic buildings and landslides.

S.W.O.Threats

Pueblo

1 2

AGRIPINA SEDA SCHOOL

RUINS OF THE LIGHTHOUSE

317

S.W.O.Threats

Caribbean's most polluted bay, high levels of toxic compounds and heavy metals. They affect beaches, marine life, recreational activities, tourism and human health.

S.W.O.Threats

Pueblo

319

ZONE 3: Ensenada Ginaira Morales | Gerardo PĂŠrez | Ricardo Pietri | Wilmaliz Santiago

Strengths.W.O.T.

Identity and pride of residents due to historical value.

Access to health services nearby.

Accomodations for tourists.

Proximity to the bay.

Relevance of historical structures. Food markets near the bay.

Convergence node. Dotacional Spaces for sports and recreation.

Day/Night life during weekends and cultural activities.

Strengths.W.O.T.

Ensenada

323

S.Weakness.O.T. Exodus of people Population decrease

No direct connection between ensenada and the area of pueblo Landslides/Ruptures

Bad smell

No industrial activity Structural damage on buildings

Visual contamination

S.Weakness.O.T.

Ensenada

According to the soil rating diagram the purple color which represents the industrial sector is not shown or present in the area of ensenada Guรกnica.

325

S.Weakness.O.T.

Ensenada

327

S.Weakness.O.T. Structures are weak and are extremely susceptible to earthquakes. The majority of these structures are damaged and/or uninhabited.

S.Weakness.O.T. - Old Sugar mill

Ensenada

329

S.Weakness.O.T. - Old Sugar mill

S.Weakness.O.T. - Landslides

Landslides

and

Ensenada

raptures

due to earthquakes that greatly affect Guรกnica

331

S.W.Opportunities.T.

Scenic spots and route to be appreciated. Visual value of connectivity to be explored.

Airbnbâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s, parks and commercial are mostly found near the eastern part of Ensenada.

A small ďŹ shing village is found. Shallow areas in pier Guaypao. Seagrass, mangroves and potential bioluminescent activity.

S.W.Opportunities.T.

Ensenada

Baseball parks and open spaces AIrbnbâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s - Over 300 places to stay Commercial Areas

Abandoned Industrial zone Recent bioluminescent location

333

S.W.Opportunities.T.

Ensenada

335

S.W.Opportunities.T.

Ensenada

337

S.W.Opportunities.T.

Ensenada

339

S.W.O.Threats

Exposed to forest ďŹ res

Extremely susceptible to ďŹ&#x201A;oods in the area Area extremely exposed to structural damage due to earthquakes of the Punta Montalva fault Tsunami zone

Susceptible to being hit by hurricanes

S.W.O.Threats

Ensenada

Exposed to forest ďŹ res

It could endanger lives and health due to smoke It puts the fauna of the area at risk May cause trafďŹ c to stop or closed streets Destruction of the ecosystem and the landscape.

341

S.W.O.Threats Extremely susceptible to ﬂoods in the area

It could endanger lives of residents and rescuers Can ﬂood more than 80% of the village, being the sector Fuig the most exposed May cause trafﬁc and closed streets

S.W.O.Threats

Ensenada

Area extremely exposed to structural damage due to earthquakes of the Punta Montalva fault

Represents a danger to physical and emotional health The structures are weak, telluric movements can cause serious damage.

343

S.W.O.Threats Tsunami zone

It could endanger lives of residents and rescuers Extremely exposed to sea level rise and ďŹ&#x201A;oods in the area Affects the ecosystem Causes damage to infrastructure

S.W.O.Threats

Ensenada

Susceptible to being hit by hurricanes.

It could endanger lives of residents and rescuers

Strong gusts of wind Poor visibility Extremely exposed to sea level rise and ďŹ&#x201A;oods in the area Causes damage to infrastructure

345

ZONE 4: Playa Santa Glorivette Correa | Jeffrey Crespo | Eddie Rivera | Félix Rodríguez

Strengths.W.O.T.

Soil and advantages

Playa Santa is divided into two soil qualiďŹ cations, of which we can break down the advantages. (SU) urban land and (SREP) protected rustic land, mentioning this may not sound like an advantage. That most of the area of Playa Santa is specially protected sole provides a large inventory of ďŹ&#x201A;ora and fauna that in turn creates an ecosystem that can be a tourist attraction and we maintain our ecological heritage. DTS CTL CTI CR

SREP

SREP-E SREP-EP SRC

Strengths.W.O.T.

Playa Santa

https://www.pinterest.com/pin/367887863300681285/

This zone is located in the southern coastal area of Barrio Montalva. It has several beaches, two of them are the most visited in the southern area of the island. These bring a large number of tourists a day, which increase the economic development of the area. 349

Strengths.W.O.T. Apart from the economic development generated by the businesses, “Villa Pesquera” is a local economic injection “from the people to the people”.

La Jungla Beach https://www.zeepuertorico.com/lugar/playa-la-jungla.aspx

Playa Santa

Villa Pesquera

Escondida Beach Manglillo Beach

https://www.tripadvisor.com/Attraction_Review-g736581-d10001574-Revie ws-Playa_Manglillo-Guanica_Puerto_Rico.html

Strengths.W.O.T.

Playa Santa

5 2 3 Highway 325 divides and organizes this area urbanistically. This road ends in front of the AEELA resort; dividing into proďŹ table residential areas / residences for vacationing and beaches.

351

S.Weakness.O.T. Protected ecosystems: Valuable resources such as mangroves and species in the dry forest cannot be removed, limited activities are permitted. Coral reef

mangroves

Forest

S.Weakness.O.T.

Playa Santa

Area is isolated: Has great distance from hospitals and there's not many Market areas. Area depends on tourism.

1.”CDT de Guánica” 1

2.”Colmado/ Cafeteria El Bodegón de Tito”

3.”Super Colmado Mi Plaza”

353

S.Weakness.O.T. No dedicated bike lanes No designated connected routes, For people riding bikes. No green spaces Not many Parks and Public green spaces. Limited Space for people Crosswalks are not that wide for Pedestrians to cross streets and access destinations. Road 325 Only one main road that connects with the surrounding areas.

S.Weakness.O.T.

Playa Santa

Area depends on tourism Most of the surrounding area is composed of vacation apartments and villas:

Green House Playa Santa VILLA JULIA Tiny Ocean Cabin Villa Madier Beach House Villa Eva Playa Santa AEELA Centro Vacacional Paradise Apts Cabanas Playa Santa Apartamentos Don Paco

355

S.W.Opportunities.T. Natural Resources Due to the dry and hot climate, the vegetation and fauna of the place is very speciďŹ c. For this reason, there is the opportunity to rehabilitate and protect the reserves, increasing tourism for educational and research purposes.

Green Area with a great variety of vegetation.

Salinas Providencia Urbanized Area

https://www.pinterest.at/pin/7 66245324073707668/

Charadrius wilsonia

https://acam.wikia.org/es/wiki /Pel%C3%ADcano_pardo

Pelecanus occidentalis

https://ebird.org/species/rost er?siteLanguage=es_ES

Sterna dougallii http://www.callejeandopr.com/callejea/playa-santaguanica

https://api.trover.com/d/1YUZF

S.W.Opportunities.T.

Playa Santa

Cays and reefs

Route for diving, kayaks and other boats. 1. Romero Reefs 2.

Don Luis Cay

Terremoto Cay

BaĂşl Reefs http://www.callejeandopr.com/callejea/cayo-don-lui s-guanica

4 357

S.W.Opportunities.T. Capes

Route for Hiking and Bicycling, the paths should be cleaned to make them more accessible and labeled. 1. Punta Pescadores 2. Punta Brea 3. Punta Manglillo 4. Punta Jorobado

S.W.Opportunities.T. Activities

Playa Santa

Bird watching

Hike development opportunity

Scuba Diving: Guánica has one of the best routes for diving, since it runs through The Wall (fall of more than 80 meters covered with coral). ● Wind Surf ● Bicycling ● Sailing sailboats and motorboats https://www.pinterest.com/pin/2983635440368163 11/

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fX5WYivpDx4

https://powerstotravel.com/northamerica/puertorico /jet-skiing-in-guanica/

https://www.dresseldivers.com/water-sports/banan a-rides/

359

S.W.Opportunities.T. Residential vs Tourist Population 3,181 1. Residential Area 2. Residential and Public Area

4 2

3. Vacation / Rent Area 4. Touristic Area

S.W.Opportunities.T.

Playa Santa

Infrastructure

- 1. Basketball court - 2. Small Market (â&#x20AC;&#x153;Colmadoâ&#x20AC;?) - 3. Park - 4. Las Salinas School - A. Cairi Villa

4 2A

3 4

361

S.W.Opportunities.T. Vacational and Commerce

2 B

- A. “Villa Pesquera” - B. Island Scuba - C. Mojito - D. El Ancla Flotante - 1. Water Front: “Casa Coral” • Airbnb and villas

S.W.O.Threats

Playa Santa

Area extremely exposed to structural damage due to earthquakes of the Punta Montalva fault.

Extremely exposed to sea level rise and ďŹ&#x201A;oods in the area.

Increased temperatures affects aquatic ecosystems, corals and reefs. 363

S.W.O.Threats

The area of Playa Santa is near Punta montalva fault in which has affected greatly this sector, creating an unstable and fragile infrastructure on the area.

S.W.O.Threats

Playa Santa

Extremely exposed to sea level rise and ďŹ&#x201A;oods in the area.

The most affected area would be the jungle beach It can put the lives of visitors and residents at risk In the event of large-scale atmospheric events, the results are serious 365

S.W.O.Threats

Playa Santa

Increased temperatures affects aquatic ecosystems, corals and reefs. Recent studies show and point out that increased temperatures in the sea water can shorten the lifespan of the aquatic ecosystems including corals or reefs.

This also includes the negative impact that delays the natural aquatic ecosystems process and furthermore affects the life of aquatic life, and becoming more aggressive.

366

SWOT

REFERENCES

Jerome O. Kilmartin from U.S. Geological Survey http://edicionesdigitales.info/FarosPR/FarosPR/ Guanica.html#8 https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=http%3A %2F%2Fwww.callejeandopr.com%2Fcallejea%2F ruinas-del-faro-guanica&psig=AOvVaw2pUsQ-6 S3Qe7MLTE4ljt6V&ust=1600308412275000&sour ce=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAIQjRxqFwoTCKjEn MrV7OsCFQAAAAAdAAAAABAY

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A %2F%2Fwww.pinterest.com%2Fpin%2F2730307 96146444625%2F&psig=AOvVaw0dtd0OmbRUk daYErOFtjJQ&ust=1600316088740000&source=i mages&cd=vfe&ved=0CAIQjRxqFwoTCIC016Ho7 OsCFQAAAAAdAAAAABA

https://www.biodiversidad.gob.mx/v_ingles/spe cies/especies_priori/ﬁchas/pdf/Mangleblanco02 jul09.pdf

https://theculturetrip.com/caribbean/puerto-ric o/articles/what-the-fuerte-de-capron-ruins-cantell-us-about-puerto-ricos-history/

https://www.pinterest.com/pin/5750534461446 48094/

https://welcome.topuertorico.org/city/guanica.s html Marshall, Kimberly. “Seven Ways Your Facility Isn’t Meeting Efﬂuent Regulations and How to Solve Them.” Samco Tech, 11 Nov. 2016, www.samcotech.com/seven-ways-facility-isntmeeting-efﬂuent-regulations-solve//

https://www.pinterest.com/suculentworld/melo cactus/

https://plantasdepuertorico.blogspot.com/searc h?q=serrasuelas https://www.researchgate.net/publication/2620 69715_Anas_discors https://www.minambiente.gov.co/index.php/co mponent/content/article/411-plantilla-bosquesbiodiversidad-y-servicios-ecosistematicos-13

https://www.pinterest.com/pin/611363718149405 204/ https://coast.noaa.gov/states/fast-facts/naturalinfrastructure.html https://www.ecured.cu/Mangle_bot%C3%B3n •https://www.elnuevodia.com/ciencia-ambiente /otros/notas/raices-del-mangle-rojo-pueden-be neﬁciar-la-salud/\ https://www.biodiversidad.gob.mx/v_ingles/spe cies/especies_priori/ﬁchas/pdf/Mangleblanco02 jul09.pdf https://plantasdepuertorico.blogspot.com/searc h?q=serrasuelas https://www.researchgate.net/publication/2620 69715_Anas_discors https://www.minambiente.gov.co/index.php/co mponent/content/article/411-plantilla-bosquesbiodiversidad-y-servicios-ecosistematicos-13 1SQJL_enPR893PR893&hl=en https://www.google.com/search?q=tiaris+bicolo r&rlz=1C1SQJL_enPR893PR893&oq=Tiaris+bicolor &aqs=chrome.0.0j46j0l2.5091j0j7&sourceid=chro me&ie=UTF-8

LaGro, James A. Jr. (2008). Chapter 5: Site Inventory: Physical Attributes. In Site Analysis: A contextual approach to sustainable land planning and site design (Second edition, pp. 101-125). Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons. División de Suelos del USDA-NRCS. ÓRDENES DE SUELOS DE PUERTO RICO. Matos, Manuel. “Soils | NRCS Caribbean Area.” Usda.Gov, 2016, www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/main/pr/so ils/. Accessed 6 Dec. 2019. PLAN TERRITORIAL GUÁNICA. 2010, jp.pr.gov/Portals/0/Planes%20Territoriales/PT%2 0-%20Gu%C3%A1nica/Gu%C3%A1nica%20-%20PT %20(Documento)%20Abril%202010.pdf?ver=2018 -01-11-154656-893. National Geographic Society. “Aquifer.” National Geographic Society, 16 Nov. 2011, www.nationalgeographic.org/media/aquifer-illo /. Marshall, Kimberly. “Seven Ways Your Facility Isn’t Meeting Efﬂuent Regulations and How to Solve Them.” Samco Tech, 11 Nov. 2016, www.samcotech.com/seven-ways-facility-isntmeeting-efﬂuent-regulations-solve/.

September 21, 2020.