eco-neighborhood los patojos by Carlos Bonilla Enseñat

Bonilla Enseñat, Carlos / Gómez Gómez, Rocío / Osorio Ramirez, Adrián

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Bonilla Enseñat, Carlos / Gómez Gómez, Rocío / Osorio Ramirez, Adrián

INTRODUCTION

Cities grow at an ever faster pace. This rapid urbanization seriously compromises the ability of the planet to sustain our way of life. It is therefore essential that urban development is possible for the capacity of the earth to meet the needs of today and the future less harmful. (sustainable development definition, Brundtland Report, 1987). A question has been instrumental in the implementation of this project: contiguity with the city of Cartagena. We could not speak of a truly sustainable approach if growth is not integrated into the existing city, as only belonging to a larger structure can reduceenergyconsumption,land and materials.Hence the term change,eco-cityneighborhood that best reflects thi soption. The proposal enjoys the urban landscape of the promenade (which belong undeveloped land for its high degree of flooding) and vegetation, while the green areas, as the great central avenue spaces to improve while still keeping certain qualities natural, agricultural explotation had been degraded.The boardwalk becomes a reference element and connection with both the city of Cartagena, as with existing neighborhoods. We have not forgotten either that the success of cities is in its complexity and in its social, economic and cultural vitality. We have incorporated the Econeighborhood factors that have worked beautifully in our traditional cities, “where the existence of socialization and meeting spaces help creating links between people. It is this sense of com- munity, of social responsibility that makes people feel safe, because in a cohesive neighborhood is possible to re- cognize in others and others, find a friend in every corner, people greet each other, ultimately people they can go smiling through the city “(Muxí, Zaida; Guitierrez, Blanca; Notes of Jane Jacobs, the Death and Life of Great Cities.). By contrast, the urban Econeighborhood gets reduce factors that have not worked as well, such as pollution, noise, traffic, thanks largely to the widespread presence of green spaces and other mechanisms such as promoting cycling or railing transport. As will name throughout the project we have considered some references that we find interested, such as the case of the city of Amsterdam in which different strategies to improve these conditions were used. In short, the proposed Econeighborhood is the result of integrated and consistent application of multiple factors in order to achieve greater sustainability possible, which has led to an admittedly complex but coherent, because there are no simple solutions to the unsustainable proposal.

Bonilla Enseñat, Carlos / Gómez Gómez, Rocío / Osorio Ramirez, Adrián

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Bonilla Enseñat, Carlos / Gómez Gómez, Rocío / Osorio Ramirez, Adrián

MEMORY

2.1 - INFORMATIVE DOCUMENTATION We are studing in the city of Cartagena, Spain, located along the Mediterranean Sea in Comunidad Autónoma of Murcia, southeast of the Iberian Peninsula at coordinates 37 º 36 ‘N, 0 ° 59’ W. The municipality covers an area of 558 3 km ², of which 163.45 km ², are protected natural areas. The municipality has 218,244 inhabitants, according to the council, to January 1-2013. The project focuses on the creation of an eco- district in the province of Cartagena, Spain . It is necessary for this work to review the evolution of the city and its planning. We could be in an aera where the urban planning has been viewed as an economic rather than a social media environment. We must not forget that the development of cities directly affects the citizens and their way of life . In our project of this ecobarrio, we try to look for the citizens needs and how they can be favored. In the way they will use the city depends the smooth running or not of the new infrastructure. Beyond this, it is also true that we should seek the economic , energetic , environmental and social sustainability. The current economic and ecological situation give the appearance of deficient , so we are responsible for reactivating these values. Our project focused on connecting the new one with the existing one, and not start from tabula rasa. We have to take advantage of everything the medium offers us.

Bonilla Enseñat, Carlos / Gómez Gómez, Rocío / Osorio Ramirez, Adrián

This council is the link with the city center, which is located at an average distance of 5.5 km, with the western part of the municipality bordering the sea as she passes by the Mu - 6802, via main access Portús beach, Cape Tiñoso, Isla Plana and La Azohía, all places of great importance in the cultural tourism development. The northern need a important urban development, which demands an urgent study on the need for communications and services. While the southern area is a very scenic because of the heights of Roldán (470 m) and Cabeza de la Estrella (412 m), which dominate the whole coast, from the beach to Torrosa Portús.

Bonilla Enseñat, Carlos / Gómez Gómez, Rocío / Osorio Ramirez, Adrián

Página8: The study area has an almost flat topography. We are at the back of the Cabeza de la Estrella, so it is picked up from the sea breeze could cross the area. On the east side of the boulevard Benipila found. All this is part of our landscape project. We seek adaptation to environment with these strategies: -Adaptation to platforms configured by topographies. -Connection with the city and existing neighborhoods. -Respect for the natural environment and the existing situations, trying to conserve it selves as many of the existing vegetation in site. -Reuse the largest number of pre-existing surrounding buildings as possible.

Bonilla Enseñat, Carlos / Gómez Gómez, Rocío / Osorio Ramirez, Adrián

Cartagena has a warm, semi-arid climate. Its location near the ocean moderates the temperature, and annual precipitation typically does not surpass 300 mm (12 in). The annual average temperature goes up to around 20 °C (68 °F). The coldest month is January with an average of 12 °C (54 °F). In August, the warmest month, the average temperature is 26 °C (79 °F). The wind is an important climatic factor in the region. The flows of first and third quadrant predominate throughout the year, due to the barrier-effect posed by coastal mountains of the Cordilleras Béticas, which boost a change of the direction to the southwest, and the pipeline flows in the tectonic gate that constitutes Cartagena and the Mar Menor. Flora Despite the intense mining, tourist and industrial exploitation that the area has suffered for centuries, the territory around Cartagena city hosts an extraordinary natural wealth and diversity, with a large number of botanical endemic species. Part of its area is subject to different levels of legal protection. Cartagena’s coastal mountains have a concentration of one of the largest botanical biodiversities of the Iberian Peninsula. There are both European and African species present, especially the Iberian-African starvation only present in the southern coasts of Spain (mostly in the provinces of Murcia and Almería), together with North Africa. Among these, there stands out the tetraclinis articulata or Sandarac (sabina mora o ciprés de Cartagena—literally Cartagena’s cypress in Spanish) endemic to Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Malta, and Cartagena, growing at relatively low altitudes in a hot, dry subtropical Mediterranean climate. Some species are seriously endangered like the siempreviva de Cartagena (Limonium carthaginense), the rabogato del Mar Menor (Sideritis marmironensis), the Zamarrilla de Cartagena (Teucrium carthaginense), the manzanilla de escombreras (Anthemis Chrysantha), the garbancillo de Tallante (Astragalus nitidiflorus) and the jara de Cartagena Cistus heterophyllus carthaginensis). [Consulted in Wikipedia, 03-04-2014]

Bonilla Enseñat, Carlos / Gómez Gómez, Rocío / Osorio Ramirez, Adrián

As shown the Table, Cartagena is a city with low rainfall throughout the year. It is a factor to be considered by the vegetation, which nowadays is mostly a dried and wild landscape. In our project we found large green areas because we understand sustainable this green way. We look for introducing an appropriate nature, trying to get closer to a perfect balance.

Bonilla Enseñat, Carlos / Gómez Gómez, Rocío / Osorio Ramirez, Adrián

2.2 - SUPPORTING URBAN PLANNING DOCUMENTATION

Bonilla Enseñat, Carlos / Gómez Gómez, Rocío / Osorio Ramirez, Adrián

ECO NEIGHBORHOOD LOGROÑO

Bonilla Enseñat, Carlos / Gómez Gómez, Rocío / Osorio Ramirez, Adrián

LA FAYETTE PARK

Bonilla Enseñat, Carlos / Gómez Gómez, Rocío / Osorio Ramirez, Adrián

POTSDAMER PLATZ- BERLIN

Bonilla Enseñat, Carlos / Gómez Gómez, Rocío / Osorio Ramirez, Adrián

AMSTERDAM

Bonilla Enseñat, Carlos / Gómez Gómez, Rocío / Osorio Ramirez, Adrián

INFORMATION TABLE

MIN Requirements

Qualities

TOTAL LAND AREA (TLA) DEVELOPMENT POTENTIAL (IEB)

Units

S1-Los Patojos

650000

100%

0,5 m2/ m2

0,84 m2/ m2

544000

84%

20 m2/ 100 m2 of residential use 5 m2/ 100 m2 of residential use

123 m2/ 100 m2 of residential use 31 m2/ 100 m2 of residential use

100000

15%

32500

PUBLIC FACILITIES (EQUIPMENTS)

100000

TOTAL GENERAL SYSTEM

232500

15% = 35%

If we substract the GS from the total land area:

417500

GENERAL SYSTEM (M2 LAND/FLOOR AREA) OPEN AND GREEN SPACES INFRAESTR +ROAD NETWORK

LOCAL SYSTEM (m2 LAND /FLOOR AREA) OPEN AND GREEN SPACES

10%

67%

279500

43%

INFRAESTR +ROAD NETWORK

10%

11%

45000

20000

TOTAL LOCAL SYSTEM

344500

53%

TOTAL GS + LS

577000

88%

We substract GS + LS from the total land area in order to obtain the MAXIMUN land area to be privately developed: m2

73000

PEDESTRIAN+BICYCLE NETWORK

PRIVATE ( m2 BUILT AREA) DEVELOPMENT POTENTIAL (IEB)

0,5 m2/ m2

FOOTPRINT

0,84 m2/ m2

544000

81000

# DWELLING UNITS (aprox) # DWELLING UNITS LOS PATOJOS DWELLINGS per Ha RESIDENTIAL HOUSING SUBSIDED HOUSING MANDATORY CESSION PRIVATE FACILITIES, TERTIARY, COMMERCIAL… (PB)

100% 12%

3250 dw 4630 dw 77 dw/Ha

30% of IEB 10% of IEB

m2 m2 m2 m2

244800 163200 54400 81000

45% 30% 10% 15% Bonilla Enseñat, Carlos / Gómez Gómez, Rocío / Osorio Ramirez, Adrián

LEED CERTIFICATE

Bonilla Enseñat, Carlos / Gómez Gómez, Rocío / Osorio Ramirez, Adrián

PHOTOGRAPHIES [ 9- FEBRUARY-2014]

Bonilla Enseñat, Carlos / Gómez Gómez, Rocío / Osorio Ramirez, Adrián

INFORMATION Bonilla Enseñat, Carlos / Gómez Gómez, Rocío / Osorio Ramirez, Adrián

3.1 - CARTAGENA INFORMATION 3.1.1- PHYSICAL ANALISYS

Bonilla Enseñat, Carlos / Gómez Gómez, Rocío / Osorio Ramirez, Adrián

3.1.2- URBAN INFRAESTRUVTURE AND FACILITIES

Bonilla Enseñat, Carlos / Gómez Gómez, Rocío / Osorio Ramirez, Adrián

3.1.3- GREEN SPACES

Bonilla Enseñat, Carlos / Gómez Gómez, Rocío / Osorio Ramirez, Adrián

3.1.4- ROAD INFRAESTRUVTURE AND FPUBLIC TRANSPORT

Bonilla Enseñat, Carlos / Gómez Gómez, Rocío / Osorio Ramirez, Adrián

NEIGHBORHOODS

3.1.5- MORPHOLOGY

CITY CENTER

AMPLIATION

NAVAL DOCKYARD

PLURI-FAMILIY UNITS

SINGLE-FAMILY UNITS

FISHERMEN DISTRICT

Bonilla Enseñat, Carlos / Gómez Gómez, Rocío / Osorio Ramirez, Adrián

3-INFORMATION PLANS.

3.2- SECTOR 1 INFORMATION

Bonilla Enseñat, Carlos / Gómez Gómez, Rocío / Osorio Ramirez, Adrián

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Bonilla Enseñat, Carlos / Gómez Gómez, Rocío / Osorio Ramirez, Adrián

PROJECT

4.1- INITIAL SKETCHES

Bonilla Enseñat, Carlos / Gómez Gómez, Rocío / Osorio Ramirez, Adrián

4.2 STRUCTURAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN

Bonilla Enseñat, Carlos / Gómez Gómez, Rocío / Osorio Ramirez, Adrián

4.3 ZOONING PLAN

Bonilla Enseñat, Carlos / Gómez Gómez, Rocío / Osorio Ramirez, Adrián

4.4 ROAD INFRAESTRUCTURE

Bonilla Enseñat, Carlos / Gómez Gómez, Rocío / Osorio Ramirez, Adrián

4.5 PRIVATE PLOTS

Bonilla Enseñat, Carlos / Gómez Gómez, Rocío / Osorio Ramirez, Adrián

4.6 GREEN ZONES

Bonilla Enseñat, Carlos / Gómez Gómez, Rocío / Osorio Ramirez, Adrián

4.7 URBAN INFRAESTRUCTURE AND FACILITIES

Bonilla Enseñat, Carlos / Gómez Gómez, Rocío / Osorio Ramirez, Adrián

4.8- PUBLIC DOMAIN. MUNICIPAL DEDICATED LANDS. MANAGMENT

Bonilla Enseñat, Carlos / Gómez Gómez, Rocío / Osorio Ramirez, Adrián

4.9- VOLUMETRIC DRAWINGS

CENTRAL SQUARE VIEW

Bonilla Enseñat, Carlos / Gómez Gómez, Rocío / Osorio Ramirez, Adrián

RAMBLA SECTION

Bonilla Enseñat, Carlos / Gómez Gómez, Rocío / Osorio Ramirez, Adrián

NEIGHBORHOOD BIRD VIEW

Bonilla Enseñat, Carlos / Gómez Gómez, Rocío / Osorio Ramirez, Adrián

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Bonilla Enseñat, Carlos / Gómez Gómez, Rocío / Osorio Ramirez, Adrián

CONCLUSION

Our proposal does not end with the management, since a neighborhood can never be sustainable by the only fact that has been designed with that intention. We will really get it if its citizens assume a change in theirs lifestyle. To encourage this change we have included new forms of shared services management (central heating at the neighborhood level is a good example ) that improve performance and reduce resource consumption ; We have provided new equipment or new ways to arrange them , relating with nature, have made visible cycles of waste, water and energy , facilitating the awareness of the citizens ; and finally , we rely on the participation of the citizens in the management bodies and Ecobarrio assessment , so that the process of sustainable growth and development. Maintaining close and necessary stance towards citizens, propose a series of situations that generate interactions between diverse citizens. As the nerve center located in the center of the main shaft equipment where we could be generating markets to sell the products themselves from nearby crops, so we can generate interesting social contact situations. In pursuit of this generation of diversity is always a good reference Jane Jacobs , who speaks about four main actors : a combination of primary uses , small blocks need , need for old buildings and need to concentrate. It is true that the need for old buildings have been unable to carry it out because we start with an empty space, but have tried to keep the maximum number of existing buildings and the factory we have had as main envelope . With respect to the remaining three agents we have tried to fulfill in addition to meeting the conditions ecobarrio own.

Bonilla Enseñat, Carlos / Gómez Gómez, Rocío / Osorio Ramirez, Adrián